Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naresh Sharma 
Author-X-Name-First: Naresh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma 
Author-Name: Jean Dreze 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dreze 
Title: Sharecropping in a North Indian Village 
Abstract:
  This article presents a case study of sharecropping in a north Indian
 village. Drawing on a detailed survey of tenancy relations in the village,
 it examines a number of issues that have received prominent attention in
 the literature, including the motives for tenancy, the choice of tenancy
 contract, the rationale for equal shares, the relationship between tenant
 and landlord, the efficiency of sharecropping, and interlinkage. The wider
 implications of this case study are also discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-39 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422451 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422451  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Humphrey 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Humphrey 
Title: Responses to recession and restructuring: Employment trends in the Sao Paulo metropolitan region, 1979-87 
Abstract:
  It is often argued that during recession women and children are put into
 the labour market in order to maintain household incomes. They are forced
 into low-paid jobs in the informal sector. Evidence from Sao Paulo
 suggests a different picture. During recession young people withdrew from
 the labour market. Adult female participation rates did increase, but more
 slowly than the long-term trend. Women's entry into the labour market
 during recession was not accompanied by a deterioration in employment
 conditions or a widening of male and female wage differentials. When the
 economy recovered, it was adult males who did not regain the losses in
 formal sector employment sustained in the recession. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 40-62 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422452 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422452  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:1:p:40-62




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. F. Morton 
Author-X-Name-First: J. F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morton 
Title: Land resources in darfur region, Sudan: Prisoners' dilemma or coase outcome? 
Abstract:
  The article tests institutional models of environmental pressure, for
 example, the Tragedy of the Commons, against evidence from Darfur region,
 Sudan. Three aspects are considered in detail: rangeland degradation,
 rangeland enclosure and the implicit rent gained from range destocking. A
 methodology to estimate the latter is presented and demonstrated using
 survey data. It is concluded that strong circumstantial evidence of a
 Tragedy of the Commons -famine, drought and insecurity - is misleading.
 Social institutions such as land tenure are both adapted to the existing
 resource endowment and flexible enough to accommodate changes in it. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 63-80 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422453 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422453  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prema-Chandra Athukorala 
Author-X-Name-First: Prema-Chandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Athukorala 
Author-Name: James Riedel 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riedel 
Title: Modelling NIE exports: Aggregation, quantitative restrictions and choice of econometric methodology 
Abstract:
  The current debate regarding the robustness of estimates of export demand
 and supply elasticities for NIEs is examined by modelling manufactured
 exports from Korea. The results suggest that normalisation of the export
 demand function for price rather than quantity is an important issue in
 estimating export demand functions of small countries, and that estimates
 of export demand elasticities at high levels of aggregation are subject to
 potentially powerful biases, when the aggregate consists of categories
 which are subject to quantitative restrictions. If proper modelling
 procedures are followed, it is likely that the small country assumption
 will find far more empirical support than it has hitherto. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 81-98 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422454 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422454  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarmistha Pal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pal 
Title: Casual and regular contracts: Workers' self-selection in the rural labour markets in India 
Abstract:
  The article examines workers' choice between casual and regular
 contracts. It departs from existing theories in that in addition to wage
 considerations it highlights the significance of time and credit
 constraints. Results obtained from the ICRISAT villages in India suggest
 that risk-averse landless labourers ought to prefer casual to regular
 contracts because earnings from casual contracts are higher. However, this
 argument gets strongly modified once we consider that a large part of
 regular wages are received in advance and that the comparative
 attractiveness of regular contracts depends crucially on whether labourers
 have access to credit and other jobs. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 99-116 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422455 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422455  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:1:p:99-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. I. Ikhide 
Author-X-Name-First: S. I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ikhide 
Title: Commercial bank offices and the mobilisation of private savings in selected sub-Saharan African countries 
Abstract:
  The mobilisation of domestic savings has remained a thriving issue in
 discussions of ways and means of harnessing resources for development in
 Africa. This work attempts to examine the role of a deliberate policy of
 extending offices of banks to the rural areas in savings mobilisation
 efforts. Using ordinary least squares methods, data from five African
 countries that have pursued this policy in recent times are examined, to
 see if there is any significant relationship between the savings rate and
 their population per bank office ratio. Our results are consistent with
 the hypothesis that the extension of branch offices of banks to rural
 areas could help attenuate the poor savings performance in most African
 economies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 117-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422456 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422456  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Author-Name: Anthony Payne 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Payne 
Author-Name: Catherine Waddams Price 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Waddams 
Author-X-Name-Last: Price 
Author-Name: Leslie Sklair 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sklair 
Author-Name: Caroline Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Author-Name: Penny Vera-Sanso 
Author-X-Name-First: Penny 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vera-Sanso 
Author-Name: Frank Ellis 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis 
Author-Name: Kirstan Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Kirstan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Japanese Colonialism in Taiwan: Land Tenure, Development, and Dependency,
 1895-1945. By Chih-ming Ka. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1995. Pp.xxi +
 226. $54.95. ISBN 0 8133 8922 4 Cuba in the International System:
 Normalization and Integration. Edited by Archibald R.M. Ritter and John M.
 Kirk. London: Macmillan, 1995. Pp.xviii + 294. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 333 63335
 0 Privatising Monopolies: Lessons from the Telecommunications and
 Transport Sectors in Latin America. Edited by Ravi Ramamurti. Baltimore,
 MD and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. &#xa3;45.50. ISBN 0
 8018 5135 1 Global Change, Regional Response: The New International
 Context of Development. Edited by Barbara Stallings. Cambridge: Cambridge
 University Press, 1995. Pp.xviii + 410. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 0
 521 47227 X and 47806 5 Human Development Report 1995. By UNDP team and
 consultants coordinated by Mahbub ul Haq. New York and Oxford: Oxford
 University Press, 1995. Pp.x + 230. &#xa3;22.50 and &#xa3;13.99. ISBN 0 19
 510022 0 and 510023 9 Siva and Her Sisters: Gender, Caste, and Class in
 Rural South India. By Karin Kapadia. Oxford: Westview Press, 1995. Pp.xv +
 269. &#xa3;37. ISBN 0 8133 8158 4 Agricultural Policy in Kenya:
 Applications of the Policy Analysis Matrix. By Scott Pearson et al.
 Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 1995. Pp.xvii + 300
 &#xa3;35.50. ISBN 0 8014 3085 2 Anthropology, Development and the
 Post-Modern Challenge. By Katy Gardener and David Lewis. London: Pluto
 Press, 1996. Pp.xv + 192. &#xa3;12.99. ISBN 0 7453 0747 7 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 133-145 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422457 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422457  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melissa Leach 
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leach 
Author-Name: Tony Barnett 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnett 
Author-Name: Nigel Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Author-Name: Richard Jeffries 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeffries 
Author-Name: John Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: John Weeks 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weeks 
Author-Name: Richard Auty 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Auty 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Forests and Livelihoods: The Social Dynamics of Deforestation in
 Developing Countries. By Solon L. Barraclough and Krishna B. Ghimire.
 Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 1995. Pp.xiii + 259. &#xa3;45 and
 &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 0 333 62889 6 and 62890 X Disaster and Development in
 the Horn of Africa. Edited by John Sorenson. Basingstoke and London:
 Macmillan Press, 1995. Pp.xvii + 272. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 333 60799 6
 Sustaining Export-Oriented Development: Ideas from East Asia. Edited by
 Ross Garnaut, Enzo Grilli and Jim Riedel. Cambridge: Cambridge University
 Press, 1995. Pp.xxiii + 383. &#xa3;35. ISBN 0 521 48304 2 The Rise and
 Fall of Development Theory. By Colin Leys. London: James Currey, 1996.
 Pp.viii + 205. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3;12.95. ISBN 0 85255 359 5 and 350 1
 Government-NGO Relations in Asia: Prospects and Challenges for
 People-Centred Development. Edited by Noeleen Heyzer, James V. Riker and
 Antonio B. Quizon. London: Macmillan Press; New York: St Martin's Press,
 1995. Pp.xiii + 247. &#xa3;45 and &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 333 62031 3 and
 63930 8 Non-Governmental Organisations and Rural Poverty Alleviation. By
 Mark Robinson and Roger C. Riddell, with John de Coninck, Ann Muir and
 Sarah White. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995. Pp.xiii + 303. &#xa3;35. ISBN
 0 19 823330 2 Adjusting State and Market in Vietnam. By Anne Jerneck.
 Lund: University of Lund, 1995. Pp.303. Sw.kr.250. ISBN 91 85611 37 9
 Minerals, Energy and Economic Development in China. By J.P. Dorian.
 Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994. Pp.xv + 288. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 19 828744 5 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 274-285 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422467 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422467  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mozaffar Qizilbash 
Author-X-Name-First: Mozaffar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qizilbash 
Title: Capabilities, well-being and human development: A survey 
Abstract:
  Economists have moved away from thinking of development in terms of
 growth of per capita GNP. The most influential alternative conception of
 development - due to Amartya Sen - involves judging the quality of life in
 terms of capabilities and viewing development as a 'capability expansion'.
 This article argues that Sen's approach is an inadequate account of
 development. It is further argued that other versions of the approach -
 involving the work of Nussbaum and Frankfurt - also fail. The most
 promising foundation for an account of human development derives from
 James Griffin's recent writings on well-being. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 143-162 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422460 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422460  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:143-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. Shanmugaratnam 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shanmugaratnam 
Title: Nationalisation, Privatisation and the dilemmas of common property management in Western Rajasthan 
Abstract:
  Since 1949, the Indian state of Rajasthan has experienced a series of
 land reforms and other policy interventions which tended to disregard the
 institutional needs of natural resource management in general and common
 property resource management in particular. Nationalisation of land and
 the creation of modern forms of private property for agricultural
 expansion along with rising population densities have caused continuous
 decline in availability of common property resources and undermined
 possibilities for collective action in the arid zone of Rajasthan which
 occupies a major part of the state. This article reviews the problem of
 common property resources management in Rajasthan's arid zone from a
 historical-institutional perspective and provides a microanalysis based on
 a household survey in two sets of villages. It concludes by highlighting
 the current dilemmas of common property resource management and indicating
 possible directions for policy intervention. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 163-187 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422461 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422461  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:163-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriel Fuentes 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuentes 
Title: The use of village agents in rural credit delivery 
Abstract:
  Using a simple principal-agent model this article examines the incentive
 problems that arise when a formal financial institution (such as a rural
 bank) utilises a member of the rural community to act as an agent in
 screening potential borrowers and collecting repayment. Optimal
 compensation schemes are derived for the agent and their implications are
 discussed. In addition, I show that the norms and rules that govern
 village life may aid the financial institution by helping to constrain
 possible strategic behaviour by the agent. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 188-209 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422462 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422462  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:188-209




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorg Mayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer 
Title: Learning sequences and structural diversification in developing countries 
Abstract:
  The article explains structural diversification through the
 interrelationship between learning by doing and the introduction of new
 technology. Structural diversification is constrained when
 learning-by-doing benefits do not spill over across national borders and
 when the fixed-cost expenditure associated with the introduction of new
 technology is high. Structural diversification is seen as being the result
 of dynamic learning sequences where introducing new technology provides
 learning-by-doing benefits which, however, peter out. once activities
 associated with the new technology have been repeated many times; new and
 more sophisticated technology is needed to continue reaping learning
 effects. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 210-229 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422463 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422463  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:210-229




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Bennell 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennell 
Title: General versus vocational secondary education in developing countries: A review of the rates of return evidence 
Abstract:
  This article questions the prevailing orthodoxy concerning the social
 rates of return to general and vocational secondary education in
 developing countries. A critical examination of all the rates of return
 studies that have been used to establish this orthodoxy reveals that for
 the large majority of them, social RORs to general secondary education are
 not significantly higher than for specialist secondary vocational
 education. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 230-247 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422464 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422464  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:230-247




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judie Cukier 
Author-X-Name-First: Judie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cukier 
Author-Name: Joanne Norris 
Author-X-Name-First: Joanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Norris 
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wall 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wall 
Title: The involvement of women in the tourism industry of Bali, Indonesia 
Abstract:
  This article examines gender roles in tourism employment in Bali,
 Indonesia through two case studies. The first considers the employment of
 women in tourism in a newly-emerging destination area in the interior of
 the island. The second examines the employment of both women and men in
 selected tourism occupations in two established coastal resorts. While
 tourism has provided both women and men with greater occupational choices,
 there is differential access by gender to tourism employment in Bali.
 Furthermore, in the formal sector, women may be required to have superior
 qualifications and may be paid less than men in similar positions. At the
 same time as gaining access to employment outside the home, many women are
 expected to maintain current roles in religious matters and in the home. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 248-270 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422465 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422465  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:248-270




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amiya Kumar Bagchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Amiya Kumar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi 
Title: Pramit Chaudhuri: A personal account 
Abstract:
  As an economist who had absorbed the best of the Keynesian revolution,
 macro-economic balances remained the grid on which Pramit Chaudhuri laid
 out his building. But his passion as a social scientist analysing an
 economy with perhaps the largest burden of poverty in the world came out
 in the fierce Brechtian quote which he used as an epigraph for his book,
 The Indian Economy - 'Those who have eaten their fill speak to the hungry
 of the wonderful times to come'. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 271-273 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1996 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422466 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389608422466  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1996:i:2:p:271-273




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: Societies, polities and capitalists in developing countries: A literature survey 
Abstract:
  This survey critically examines the development studies literature
 dealing with the connections between social structure, politics and the
 emergence or development of 'indigenous' capitalism in developing
 countries. This literature has focused mainly on the apparent absence or
 weakness of indigenous capitalism, and on a set of questions and problems
 assumed to some degree to be generic to the 'Third World'. Most of it has
 been framed by three major paradigms: the concept of 'social barriers ' to
 capitalism; Marxian concerns about connections between economic and
 political domination; and a (neo-liberal) notion that 'politics'
 necessarily constitutes an obstacle to capitalist growth. The conclusion
 is that these paradigms, and the underlying assumption of a generic Third
 World problem of weak indigenous capitalism, have ceased to be very
 fruitful. In this area of enquiry, development studies has run out of
 intellectual steam. Researchers interested in developing countries can
 usefully connect with recent scholarship on capitalism in the 'advanced'
 nations, especially work (a) in the New Economic Sociology on the social
 basis of trust and market exchange and (b) in political science on the
 politico-economic relationships between states and large-scale capital. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 287-363 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422469 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422469  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:3:p:287-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorg Meyer-Stamer 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer-Stamer 
Title: New patterns of governance for industrial change: Perspectives for Brazil 
Abstract:
  Brazil is one of many developing countries that are struggling to upgrade
 their industries to attain international competitiveness. Sustained
 industrial competitiveness, this article argues, rests not only on firms'
 capabilities (micro-level) and a stable economic framework (macro-level)
 but also and in particular on a tissue of supporting, sector-specific and
 specialised institutions and targeted policies (meso-level) and on
 governance structures that facilitate problem-solving between state and
 societal actors (meta-level). The concept of systemic competitiveness
 seeks to address the interrelationship between the four levels. The
 article analyses various obstacles to achieving systemic competitiveness
 in the particular case of Brazil. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 364-391 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422470 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422470  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:3:p:364-391




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ross McLeod 
Author-X-Name-First: Ross 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod 
Title: Explaining chronic inflation in Indonesia 
Abstract:
  This paper describes and analyses Indonesia's frustrating experience with
 chronic inflation, and demonstrates that the cause of continuing
 moderately high inflation is excessive growth of base money. It examines
 the central bank's current target growth rates for narrow and broad money
 and bank lending, and argues instead in favour of a single target rate for
 base money as the key to bringing inflation under control. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 392-410 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422471 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422471  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:3:p:392-410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lai Yew Wah 
Author-X-Name-First: Lai Yew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wah 
Title: Employment effects of output and technological progress in Malaysian manufacturing 
Abstract:
  A major factor contributing to the growth in industrial employment in
 Malaysia was the implementation of the export-oriented industrialisation
 strategy. With the withdrawal of GSP privileges to the USA, the inevitable
 loss of comparative advantage in labour cost and the emergence of trading
 blocs, it is feared that the growth of the export-oriented sectors in
 manufacturing will be impeded, causing a serious unemployment problem.
 This fear is compounded by the increasing shift to technology-intensive
 methods of production which displace labour. This article shows that
 domestic demand and export expansion exert positive and almost equal
 influence on industrial employment. Any negative impact on employment due
 to a shortfall in exports could be neutralised if an appropriate choice of
 import-substituting and export expansion policies is adopted. Displacement
 of labour due to the substitution effect of using technology- and
 capital-intensive production is largely compensated for by the increase in
 labour utilisation due to the output effect of increased production for
 both the domestic and foreign markets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 411-420 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422472 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422472  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Author-Name: Chris Kyle 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyle 
Author-Name: Ian Scoones 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scoones 
Author-Name: Alan Gilbert 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilbert 
Author-Name: Helen Hintjens 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hintjens 
Author-Name: Carlyn Ramlogan 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramlogan 
Author-Name: Emanuel de Kadt 
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Kadt 
Author-Name: George Philip 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Philip 
Author-Name: Nici Nelson 
Author-X-Name-First: Nici 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson 
Author-Name: Geraldine Lievesley 
Author-X-Name-First: Geraldine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lievesley 
Author-Name: Madeleine Tress 
Author-X-Name-First: Madeleine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tress 
Author-Name: Ruth Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Author-Name: Ha-Joon Chang 
Author-X-Name-First: Ha-Joon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Africa's Management in the 1990s and Beyond: Reconciling Indigenous and
 Transplanted Institutions. By Mamadou Dia. Washington, DC: The World Bank,
 1996. Pp.xii + 293. NP. ISBN 0 8213 3431 X A Land Without Gods: Process
 Theory, Maldevelopment and the Mexican Nahuas. By Jacques M. Chevalier and
 Daniel Buckles. London: Zed Books, 1995. Pp.x + 374. &#xa3;55.00/$69.95
 and &#xa3;19.95/$29.95. ISBN 1 85649 325 3 and 326 1 Local Resource
 Management in Africa. Edited by J.P.M. van den Breemer, C.A. Drijver and
 L.B. Venema. Chichester: John Wiley, 1995. Pp.xii + 245. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0
 47196004 7 Third World Cities in Global Perspective: The Political Economy
 of Uneven Urbanization. By David A. Smith. Boulder, CO: Westview Press,
 1996. Pp.xiii + 202. &#xa3;40.95 and &#xa3;13.50. ISBN 0 8133 8720 5 and
 2998 1 Power of Development. Edited by Jonathon Crush. London and New
 York: Routledge, 1995. Pp.xvi + 324. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3; 14.99. ISBN 0 415
 11176 5 and 11177 3 Financial Liberalisation and Investment. By K.L. Gupta
 and R. Lensink. London: Routledge, 1996. Pp.xii + 183. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0
 415 13879 5 Anthropology of Tourism. By Denison Nash. Oxford, New York and
 Tokyo: Pergamon, 1996. Pp.ix + 205. &#xa3;41/US$66. ISBN 0 0804 42398 1
 Politics of Technology in Latin America. Edited by Maria Ines Bastos and
 Charles Cooper. London and New York: Routledge, 1995. Pp.xii + 258.
 &#xa3;47.50. ISBN 0 415 12690 Voices from Mutira: Change in the Lives of
 Rural Gikuyu Women: 1910-1995. By Jean Davison. Boulder, CO and London:
 Lynne Reinner Publisher, 1996. Pp.vi + 271. &#xa3;18.95. ISBN 1 55587 602
 1 Women and Politics in the Third World. Edited by Haleh Afshar London:
 Croom Helm, 1996. Pp.xi + 210. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;12.99. ISBN 0 415 13853
 1 and 13861 Re-Presenting the City: Ethnicity, Capital and Culture in the
 Twenty-First Century Metropolis. Edited by Anthony D. King. Basingstoke:
 Macmillan, 1996. Pp.ix + 282. &#xa3;42.50 and &#xa3;13.99. ISBN 0 333
 60191 2 and 60192 0 Women and Industrialization in Asia Edited by Susan
 Horton, London and New York: Routledge, 1996. &#xa3;50. ISBN 0415 12907 9
 Enterprise and the State in Korea and Taiwan. By Karl J. Fields. Ithaca,
 NY and London: Cornell University Press, 1995. Pp.xiv + 269. NP. ISBN 0
 8014 3009 7 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 421-441 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422473 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422473  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. M. Auty 
Author-X-Name-First: R. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Auty 
Title: Competitive industrial policy and macro performance: Has South Korea outperformed Taiwan? 
Abstract:
  Taiwan adopted a competitive industrial policy before South Korea but
 pursued it more cautiously. According to orthodox theory, Taiwan's less
 interventionist policy should have increased its initial per capita income
 lead over South Korea. In fact, the income gap narrowed, and income
 distribution improved relatively in South Korea, casting doubt on the
 orthodox criticism of South Korean industrial policy. But some
 qualification of the South Korean success is in order. The South Korean
 gains were achieved at the cost of greater consumption fore gone and
 greater concentration of economic power than in the case of Taiwan.
 Moreover, the crucial post-1985 Taiwanese economic slow down was partly
 due to economic maturation as well as to tardy financial reform and to the
 opportunities created by the Chinese diaspora for Taiwanese firms to
 invest abroad. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 445-463 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422476 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422476  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:4:p:445-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Wake Carroll 
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Wake 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carroll 
Author-Name: Terrance Carroll 
Author-X-Name-First: Terrance 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carroll 
Title: State and ethnicity in Botswana and Mauritius: A democratic route to development? 
Abstract:
  Botswana and Mauritius stand virtually alone among developing countries
 in having achieved rates of economic development rivalling those of the
 East Asian NICs, while maintaining democratic institutions. We compare
 their experiences with the goal of identifying aspects of a democratic
 route to development that avoids the inherent authoritarianism of the East
 Asian model. Our study is based upon Hyden's [1992] governance model, but
 we suggest two important modifications to that model. A strong state seems
 essential to achieving economic development, and we identify means of
 reducing the tendency for such states to lose accountability. Secondly,
 the experience of these two countries suggests ways in which the ethnic
 and tribal divisions that are so common in LDCs can be recognised by the
 state so that social pluralism makes a positive contribution to effective
 and democratic governance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 464-486 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422477 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422477  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giorgio Secondi 
Author-X-Name-First: Giorgio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Secondi 
Title: Private monetary transfers in rural china: Are families altruistic? 
Abstract:
  Monetary transfers between relatives may be motivated by altruism, or
 they may represent payments for services rendered. Data from a large 1988
 household survey are used to test these hypotheses and to study the size
 and direction of transfers in rural China. The analysis suggests that
 altruism alone cannot explain the observed transfers and that exchange may
 be involved. Most of the money flows appear to be transfers from adult
 children to elderly parents and remittances from migrants. Child care is
 likely to be one of the main services that parents render to adult
 children in exchange for money. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 487-511 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422478 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422478  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:4:p:487-511




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Baulch 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch 
Title: Testing for food market integration revisited 
Abstract:
  This article considers the statistical performance of four commonly used
 econometric tests for market integration: the Law of One Price, the
 Ravallion Model, cointegration and Granger causality. A spatial price
 equilibrium (SPE) model, that is subject to both production shocks and
 general price inflation, and mimics many of the key characteristics of
 integrated food markets, is constructed. The model is used to generate
 food price time series of lengths that are typical of the short sample
 sizes available in most developing countries, for both instantaneously
 integrated and independent markets. A series of Monte Carlo experiments on
 these artificial food price time series are performed, which show that all
 four of the conventional tests for market integration are statistically
 flawed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 512-534 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422479 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422479  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Madhura Swaminathan 
Author-X-Name-First: Madhura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Swaminathan 
Title: The determinants of earnings among low-income workers in Bombay: An analysis of panel data 
Abstract:
  This article estimates the determinants of earnings among workers in low
 income settlements of Bombay. It uses panel data on workers in two
 homeless (pavement-dwelling) communities and two slum communities. The
 estimated earnings functions, adjusted for community- and time-specific
 fixed effects, show a good fit. Age and education are significant in all
 the regressions; however, some of the job-related variables appear to be
 more important than the standard human capital variables in determining
 earnings. In conclusion, while a complex set of factors seem to determine
 earnings of workers in low-income communities, institutional factors play
 an important role. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 535-551 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422480 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422480  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:4:p:535-551




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Chege 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chege 
Title: Paradigms of doom and the development management crisis in Kenya 
Abstract:
  Public Enterprise in Kenya: What Works, What Doesn't and Why. By Barbara
 Grosh. Boulder, CO and London: Lynne Reinner Publishers, 1991. Pp.223.
 $45. ISBN 1 55587 209 3 The Culture of Politics in Modern Kenya. By
 Angelique Haugerud. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press,
 1995. Pp.265. $59.95 ISBN 0 521 47059 5 Kenyan Capitalists, the State and
 Development. By David Himbara. Boulder, CO and London: Lynne Reinner
 Publishers, 1994. Pp.191. $40. ISBN 1 55587 430 4 African Successes: Four
 Public Managers of Kenyan Rural Development. By David K. Leonard.
 Berkeley, CA and London: University of California Press, 1991. Pp.364.
 $19.95. ISBN 0 520 07075 5 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 552-567 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422481 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422481  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:4:p:552-567




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Lehmann 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehmann 
Title: An opportunity lost: Escobar's deconstruction of development 
Abstract:
  Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World. By
 Arturo Escobar. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.
 Pp.ix+290. &#xa3;40/$49.50 and &#xa3;13.95/$15.95. ISBN 0 691 03409 5 and
 00102 2 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 568-578 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422482 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422482  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:4:p:568-578




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Greenaway 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greenaway 
Author-Name: Jean Grugel 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grugel 
Author-Name: Michael Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Author-Name: Adrian Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Author-Name: Harri Englund 
Author-X-Name-First: Harri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Englund 
Author-Name: Paul Richards 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards 
Author-Name: Nickie Charles 
Author-X-Name-First: Nickie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Charles 
Author-Name: Wei-Ping Wu 
Author-X-Name-First: Wei-Ping 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Trade Policies and Developing Nations. By A.O. Krueger. Washington, DC:
 The Brookings Institution, 1995. Pp.xxvi + 124. &#xa3;22.50 and
 &#xa3;8.50. ISBN 0 8157 5056 0 and 5055 2 Constructing Democracy, Human
 Rights, Citizenship and Society in Latin America. Edited by Elizabeth
 Jelin and Eric Hershberg. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996. Pp.vi + 238.
 &#xa3;54 and &#xa3;15. ISBN 0 8133 2438 6 and 2439 4 Popular Development:
 Rethinking the Theory and Practice of Development. By John Brohman.
 Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1996. Pp.ix + 398. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;14.99.
 ISBN 155786 3156 and 3164 The Development Practitioners' Handbook. By
 Allan Kaplan. London: Pluto Press, 1996. Pp.xv + 144. &#xa3;30 and
 &#xa3;9. 99. ISBN 0 74531020 6 and 1021 4 ExchangeRate Parity for Trade
 and Development. By Pan A. Yotopoulos. Cambridge: Cambridge University
 Press, 1996. Pp.xvii + 323. &#xa3;35. ISBN 0 521 48216 X African
 Boundaries: Barriers, Conduits and Opportunities. Edited by Paul Nugent
 and A.I. Asiwaju. London: Pinter, 1996. Pp.xii + 276. &#xa3;47.50. ISBN 1
 85567 372 X Decolonizing Knowledge: From Development to Dialogue. Edited
 by Frederique Apffel-Marglin and Stephen A. Marglin. Oxford: Clarendon
 Press, 1996. Pp.vi + 398. $45. ISBN 0 19 828884 0 Patriarchy and
 Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century. Edited
 by Valentine M. Moghadam. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Pp.viii + 372.
 &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 19 829023 3 Asia in Japan's Embrace: Building a Regional
 Production Alliance. By Walter Hatch and Kozo Yamamura. Cambridge:
 Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp.xv + 281. &#xa3;45 and &#xa3;15.95.
 ISBN 0 521 56176 0 and 56515 4 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 579-594 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422483 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422483  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nigel Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Author-Name: David Lockwood 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockwood 
Title: The war-making state and privatisation 
Abstract:
  States, created with the central purpose of defending national
 independence, resist the process of macro-economic reform since it appears
 to limit their power to pursue this aim. The states of the former
 Centrally Planned Economies were marked out by their extreme subordination
 to the military drive, so the resistance to reshaping the 'war-making
 state' into a 'market-facilitating state' is considerable. The transition
 tends to be halted where the old structures of central control are ended
 without markets supplying alternative imperatives &#x2014; a 'rent-seeking
 state' is created. These themes are examined in relationship to
 privatisation of state owned enterprises in four countries: Russia, China,
 Vietnam and the Ukraine. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 597-634 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422486 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422486  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:5:p:597-634




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christiaan Grootaert 
Author-X-Name-First: Christiaan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grootaert 
Author-Name: Ravi Kanbur 
Author-X-Name-First: Ravi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanbur 
Author-Name: Gi-Taik Oh 
Author-X-Name-First: Gi-Taik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oh 
Title: The dynamics of welfare gains and losses: An African case study 
Abstract:
  This article uses panel survey data for Cote d'Ivoire to investigate the
 determinants of welfare gains and losses of households over time. A
 first-difference model is estimated which takes account of initial
 conditions. For urban areas, it was found that human capital is not only a
 key explanatory factor for levels of welfare, but also the most important
 endowment to explain welfare changes over time. In rural areas, physical
 capital, especially land and farm equipment, mattered most. Household size
 and composition and socioeconomic characteristics of the household also
 affected welfare changes. Policy implications are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 635-657 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422487 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422487  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:5:p:635-657




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Author-Name: Chris Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Measuring trade strategy in the presence of non-tradeables: Theory and some evidence for the Caribbean 
Abstract:
  This article models trade policies in the presence of non-tradeables, and
 investigates trade strategy interventions and outcomes where the price of
 non-tradeables endogenously adjusts to trade interventions. Trade regime
 bias and neutrality issues are examined within a three-sector, open
 economy model. The theoretical framework is operationalised using
 empirical evidence for Trinidad and Barbados. The robustness of partial
 equilibrium measures of protection for classifying trade strategies is
 challenged and evidence on alternative general equilibrium or 'true'
 measures of protection is reported. 'True' or revealed trade strategies
 are shown to differ from those apparently intended by policy-makers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 658-674 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422488 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422488  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:5:p:658-674




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josef Brada 
Author-X-Name-First: Josef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brada 
Author-Name: Ali Kutan 
Author-X-Name-First: Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kutan 
Author-Name: Su Zhou 
Author-X-Name-First: Su 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou 
Title: The exchange rate and the balance of trade: The Turkish experience 
Abstract:
  In this article, we examine the responsiveness of Turkey's trade balance
 to devaluation accompanied by trade liberalisation. Our results show that
 the trade balance was responsive to changes in the exchange rate that were
 brought about by the economic reforms introduced in the 1980s, suggesting
 that exchange rate policy was able to create and maintain a satisfactory
 balance of trade position in the 1980s and early 1990s. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 675-692 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422489 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422489  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:5:p:675-692




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. A. S. Murshid 
Author-X-Name-First: K. A. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murshid 
Title: Generalised morality and the problem of transition to an impersonal exchange regime: A response to Platteau 
Abstract:
  This essay addresses the problem of transition from a personalised
 exchange regime (that characterises most LDCs) to the more impersonal form
 of exchange that marks advanced market economies. This debate has received
 impetus from the discussion launched by Platteau [1994] in the pages of
 this journal, where he seeks to clarify the social conditions that allow
 the market system to evolve. While the role of private and public order
 institutions in generating market order is recognised, this is regarded as
 inadequate, necessitating the invocation of 'generalised morality' (GM) to
 complete the explanation. It is argued here that GM does not need to be
 invoked. The article pleads for taking a closer look at the historical
 role of risk-bearing institutions, especially financial institutions.
 Evidence from the Bangladesh rice market is adduced in support of the
 contention that there exist elements even within a 'traditional' exchange
 regime that can evolve into modern, impersonal forms. This is brought out
 by examining some regional contrasts. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 693-713 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422490 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422490  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:5:p:693-713




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Philippe Platteau 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Platteau 
Title: The social conditions of the market: A rejoinder 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 714-717 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422491 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422491  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:5:p:714-717




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ngaire Woods 
Author-X-Name-First: Ngaire 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woods 
Author-Name: T. V. Sathyamurthy 
Author-X-Name-First: T. V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sathyamurthy 
Author-Name: Leslie Sklair 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sklair 
Author-Name: Christopher Howe 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howe 
Author-Name: Jonathan Rigg 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rigg 
Author-Name: John Weiss 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weiss 
Author-Name: Mo Sibbons 
Author-X-Name-First: Mo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sibbons 
Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge 
Author-Name: David Potter 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Potter 
Author-Name: John Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Author-Name: Ralph Grillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillo 
Author-Name: Michael Hitchcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hitchcock 
Author-Name: Angela Cheater 
Author-X-Name-First: Angela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheater 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  United States Development Assistance Policy: The Domestic Politics of
 Foreign Economic Aid. By Vernon W. Ruttan. Baltimore, MD and London: The
 Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. Pp.xxiv + 657. &#xa3;54. ISBN 0 8018
 5051 7 India: Economic Development and Social Opportunity. By Jean Dreze
 and Amartya Sen. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Pp.292. &#xa3;25. ISBN 0
 19 829012 8 Regaining Marxism. By Ken Post. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press
 for Institute of Social Studies, 1996. Pp.x + 393. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 333
 65444 7 Inflation and Investment Controls in China: The Political Economy
 of Central-Local Relations during the Reform Era. By Yasheng Huang.
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp.xviii + 371. &#xa3;40.
 ISBN 0 521 55483 7 The Village Concept in the Transformation of Rural
 Southeast Asia: Studies from Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Edited by
 Mason C. Hoadley and Christer Gunnarsson. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press,
 1996. Pp.xviii + 229. &#xa3;35. ISBN 0 7007 0350 0 African Industry in
 Decline: The Case of Textiles in Tanzania in the 1980s. By Peter de Valk.
 Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996. Pp.xii + 370. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 333 65445 5
 The Urban Opportunity: The Work of the NGOs in Cities of the South. Edited
 by Nicolas Hall, Rob Hart and Diana Mitlin. London: Intermediate
 Technology Publications, 1996. Pp.xv + 128. &#xa3;9.95 ISBN 1 85339 347 9
 Doctrines of Development. By M.P. Cowen and R.W. Shenton. London:
 Routledge, 1996. Pp.xv + 554. &#xa3;18.99. ISBN 0 415 12516 2 Democracy,
 Development and the Countryside: Urban-Rural Struggles in India. By
 Ashutosh Varshney (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics). Cambridge:
 Cambridge University Press, 1995. Pp.xi + 214. &#xa3;35. 0 521 44153 6
 Ethnicity and Development: Geographical Perspectives. Edited by Dennis
 Dwyer and David Drakakis-Smith. Chichester: J. Wiley & Sons, 1996. Pp.296.
 &#xa3;35. ISBN 0 47196354 2 Indigenous Organizations and Development.
 Edited by Peter Blunt and D. Michael Warren. London: Intermediate
 Technology Publications, 1996. Pp.xv + 253. &#xa3;16.95. ISBN 1 85339 321
 5 Sustainable Tourism in Islands and Small States: Issues and Policies.
 Edited by Lino Briguglio, Brian Archer, Jafar Jafari and Geoffrey Wall.
 London: Pinter, 1996. Pp.xiii + 226. &#xa3;45. ISBN 1 85567 371 1
 Sustainable Tourism in Islands and Small States: Case Studies. Edited by
 Lino Briguglio, Richard Butler, David Harrison and Walter Leal Filho.
 London: Pinter, 1996. Pp.xiv + 317. &#xa3;45. ISBN 1 85567 371 1 Citizen
 and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. By
 Mahmood Mamdani (Princeton Studies in Culture/Power/History). Princeton,
 NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. Pp.xii + 356. (Also published:
 Kampala: Fountain Publishers. ISBN 9970 02 090 0; Cape Town: David Philip.
 ISBN 0 85255 399 4; London: James Currey. &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 0 852555 399
 4) 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 718-739 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422492 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422492  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Kung 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kung 
Author-Name: Louis Putterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Louis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putterman 
Title: China's collectivisation puzzle: A new resolution 
Abstract:
  According to total factor productivity trends in Chinese agriculture,
 China achieved productivity gains both when collectivising (1954-58) and
 when decollectivising (1979-84) its agriculture. If the productivity gains
 from decollectivisation were due mainly to eliminating the incentive
 problems of collective farms, how the initial collectivisation could also
 have been associated with gains in productivity presents a major
 historical puzzle. We suggest as an answer the possibility that
 agricultural production in China was widely organised on a household basis
 until 1958, despite the collectivisation of property rights, and that the
 formation of the agricultural producers' co-operatives reduced the
 inefficiencies in factor allocation that existed following China's land
 reform. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 741-763 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422494 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422494  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:33:y:1997:i:6:p:741-763




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Philippe Platteau 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Platteau 
Title: Mutual insurance as an elusive concept in traditional rural communities 
Abstract:
  During the last two decades, economists have paid increasing attention to
 the role of informal risk-sharing arrangements as a privileged way through
 which traditional rural communities can achieve a significant degree of
 protection against income fluctuations and other hazards beyond their
 control. This article however argues that when they enter into such
 arrangements members of these communities are guided by a principle of
 balanced reciprocity (they expect a return from any contribution or
 payment they make) rather than by a true logic of mutual insurance. More
 precisely, they do not conceive of insurance as a game where there are
 winners and losers and where income is redistributed between lucky and
 unlucky individuals. None the less, traditional agrarian societies have
 proven able to develop a restricted range of sustainable forms of mutual
 insurance that avoid the aforementioned problem. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 764-796 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422495 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422495  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cihan Bilginsoy 
Author-X-Name-First: Cihan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilginsoy 
Title: A macroeconomic analysis of agricultural terms of trade in Turkey, 1952-90 
Abstract:
  A two-sector model of terms of trade (TOT) determination is developed and
 tested using time-series data for Turkey. Empirical results support the
 structuralist 'flex-price agriculture fix-price industry' models. TOT is
 found to be sensitive to changes in nominal demand and the exchange rate.
 Rising nominal demand turns the TOT in favour of the agricultural sector
 provided that there are no supply constraints in the industrial sector. If
 industrial supply is constrained by import bottlenecks, then aggregate
 demand expansion turns the TOT in favour of the industrial sector.
 Devaluation turns the TOT against the agricultural sector primarily via
 the cost-push factors in the industrial sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 797-819 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422496 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422496  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mick Howes 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howes 
Title: NGOs and the institutional development of membership organisations: A Kenyan case 
Abstract:
  A World Neighbors Programme in Kenya suggests more general conclusions
 about how NGOs can help to promote strong, inclusive membership
 organisations. A capacity to recognise the potential and limitations of
 existing institutions is found to be critical. It is important to address
 perceived needs, start with something simple to build confidence, and
 diversify in order to meet the requirements of different constituencies. A
 clear strategy is necessary to reconcile these sometimes conflicting
 demands. Success demands a heavy initial geographical concentration of
 resources, a substantial training input to provide staff with specialist
 facilitation skills, and an NGO structure which can access a wide range of
 external resources. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 820-847 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422497 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422497  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Harrigan 
Author-X-Name-First: Jane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrigan 
Title: Modelling the impact of world bank policy-based lending: The case of Malawi's agricultural sector 
Abstract:
  This article uses a multi-market agricultural pricing model to analyse
 the impact of the World Bank's three structural adjustment loans (SALs) to
 Malawi on the smallholder agricultural sector. Three price policy
 scenarios are simulated on the model representing zero, partial and full
 compliance with the Bank's SAL price policy conditionality. These
 scenarios are analysed in terms of their impact on: the government budget;
 smallholder real incomes; maize production; exportable cash crop
 production; and the balance of payments. Critiques of the Bank's programme
 and the government and Bank bargaining strategies are assessed in the
 light of the modelling results. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 848-873 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422498 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422498  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten 
Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge 
Author-Name: J. Thomas Lindblad 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindblad 
Author-Name: Scott McDonald 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald 
Author-Name: Tony Addison 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Addison 
Author-Name: Anthony Payne 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Payne 
Author-Name: Robin Mearns 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mearns 
Author-Name: John Thoburn 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thoburn 
Author-Name: Clem Tisdell 
Author-X-Name-First: Clem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tisdell 
Author-Name: Tony Barnett 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnett 
Author-Name: Mike Shepperdson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shepperdson 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity and Growth: A Comparative Study.
 By Deepak Lal and H. Myint. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Pp. xviii +
 458. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 19 828863 8 Liberation Ecologies: Environment,
 Development, Social Movements. Edited by Richard Peet and Michael Watts.
 London and New York: Routledge, 1996. Pp.xii + 273. &#xa3;45 and
 &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 415 13361 0 and 13362 9 The Indonesian Economy since
 1966: Southeast Asia's Emerging Giant. By Hal Hill. Cambridge: Cambridge
 University Press, 1996. Pp.xv + 328. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;17.95. ISBN 0 521
 49512 1 and 40862 7. Accounting for Economic Development and Social
 Change. By Steven J. Keuning. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 1996. Pp.x + 233.
 &#xa3;39. ISBN 90 5199 282 3 Social and Demographic Accounting. Edited by
 Geoffrey J.D. Hewings and Moss Madden. Cambridge: Cambridge University
 Press, 1995. Pp.ix + 242. &#xa3;30. ISBN 0 521 46572 9. Constraints on the
 Success of Structural Adjustment Programmes in Africa. Edited by Charles
 Harvey. London: Macmillan, 1996. Pp.xii + 248. &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 333
 642931 Regionalism and the Global Economy: The Case of Latin America and
 the Caribbean. Edited by Jan Joost Teunisson. The Hague: Forum on Debt and
 Development (FONDAD), 1995. Pp.163. US$20. ISBN 90 74208 06 1 Halting
 Degradation of Natural Resources: Is There a Role for Rural Communities?
 By Jean-Marie Baland and Jean-Philippe Platteau. Oxford: Clarendon Press,
 1996. Pp.xvi + 423. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 19 828921 9 China's Transitional
 Economy. Edited by Andrew G. Walder. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996.
 Pp.xiii +220. &#xa3;12.99. ISBN 0 19 829097 7 The Chinese Economy under
 Deng Xiaoping. Edited by Robert F. Ash and Y.Y. Kueh. Oxford: Oxford
 University Press, 1996. Pp.viii + 288. &#xa3;13.99. ISBN 0 19 8288 22 0
 Population and Human Resources Development in the Sudan. Edited by O.S.
 Ertur and WJ. House. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press, 1996. Pp.xiii
 + 329. $54.95. ISBN 0 8138 0699 2 What Makes Women Sick: Gender and the
 Political Economy of Health. By Lesley Doyal. Basingstoke: Macmillan,
 1995. Pp.280. &#xa3;37.50 and &#xa3;11.99. ISBN 0 333 54204 5 and 54205 3 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 874-892 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 33 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422499 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422499  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luiz de Mello 
Author-X-Name-First: Luiz 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Mello 
Title: Foreign direct investment in developing countries and growth: A selective survey 
Abstract:
  This article surveys the latest developments in the literature on the
 impact of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) on growth in developing
 countries. In general, FDI is thought of as a composite bundle of capital
 stocks, know-how, and technology, and hence its impact on growth is
 expected to be manifold and vary a great deal between technologically
 advanced and developing countries. The ultimate impact of FDI on output
 growth in the recipient economy depends on the scope for efficiency
 spillovers to domestic firms, by which FDI leads to increasing returns in
 domestic production, and increases in the value-added content of
 FDI-related production. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-34 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422501 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422501  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Author-Name: Kersti Berge 
Author-X-Name-First: Kersti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berge 
Title: Exporting manufactures: Human resources, natural resources, and trade policy 
Abstract:
  Whether a country's exports consist mainly of manufactures or mainly of
 primary products depends fundamentally on the skills of its labour force,
 relative to the extent of its natural resources. This proposition, derived
 from a modified version of Heckscher-Ohlin theory, is supported by a
 strong cross-country correlation between the manufactured/primary export
 ratio and the skill/land ratio. Cross-country variation in trade policies
 is now only a minor cause of variation in the manufactured/primary export
 ratio. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 35-59 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422502 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422502  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trish Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Trish 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly 
Title: Public expenditures and growth 
Abstract:
  The article explores the effects of public expenditures on growth among
 73 countries over the 1970-89 period. While much of the literature
 attributes weak growth to public investment and social expenditures which
 inhibit growth through crowding-out and rent-seeking, the article
 highlights the contributions that public investment and social
 expenditures may make to growth. The article's econometric analysis
 suggests that crowding-out and rent-seeking concerns may have been
 overstated in the literature. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 60-84 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422503 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422503  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huw Pill 
Author-X-Name-First: Huw 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pill 
Title: Real interest rates and growth: Improving on some deflating experiences 
Abstract:
  Tests of the McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis typically investigate the
 relationship between real interest rates and growth. Recent work has
 concluded that this relationship may be non-monotonic. This article
 investigates the role of real interest rate mismeasurement in explaining
 these non-monotonicities. When such mismeasurement is systematically
 related to growth, it will produced biased empirical results. After
 addressing these biases, the article demonstrates that financial
 liberalisation may offer substantial economic gains. In an 'average'
 country, raising real interest rates from -25 per cent to five per cent
 will increase real annual per capita GDP growth from zero to a relatively
 robust rate of two per cent. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 85-110 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422504 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422504  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zelealem Yiheyis 
Author-X-Name-First: Zelealem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yiheyis 
Title: Export adjustment to currency depreciation in the presence of parallel markets for foreign exchange: The experience of selected sub-Saharan African countries in the 1980s 
Abstract:
  The primary focus of this study is an empirical investigation of the
 implications of parallel exchange markets for export adjustment to
 official currency depreciation. An econometric model incorporating the
 features of exchange control and credit constraint was estimated using
 pooled data from 13 Sub-Saharan African countries. A rise in the parallel
 currency premium was found to adversely affect official exports; and the
 estimates suggest that official depreciations which are launched in the
 presence of large exchange-rate misalignment and which succeed in reducing
 the latter are likely to exert greater favourable effects on export
 performance than otherwise equivalent depreciations. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 111-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422505 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422505  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. N. Snowden 
Author-X-Name-First: P. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Snowden 
Title: Enterprise ownership constraints and the role of equity markets in financial development 
Abstract:
  The long standing controversy of the contribution of equity markets to
 economic development has been reactivated by the emerging markets
 phenomenon. Positive reassessments have emphasised diversification and
 liquidity gains for investors funding risky, long lived, projects. The
 present analysis adopts instead the viewpoint of the issuer; the owner
 controlled enterprise typical of LDCs. Owners' wealth is a fundamental
 constraint on expansion when gearing is limited by bankruptcy risk and
 minority equity issue eases this constraint. It is suggested that equity
 and debt are thus complementary and that stock markets may improve overall
 allocative efficiency if equities correctly value firm prospects. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 131-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422506 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422506  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Author-Name: A. F. Robertson 
Author-X-Name-First: A. F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson 
Author-Name: Geeta Gandhi Kingdon 
Author-X-Name-First: Geeta Gandhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kingdon 
Author-Name: Helen Hintjens 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hintjens 
Author-Name: Phillip Bradley 
Author-X-Name-First: Phillip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bradley 
Author-Name: Nici Nelson 
Author-X-Name-First: Nici 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson 
Author-Name: Rodney Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Karin Kapadia 
Author-X-Name-First: Karin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kapadia 
Author-Name: Upendra Baxi 
Author-X-Name-First: Upendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baxi 
Author-Name: Bhikhu Parekh 
Author-X-Name-First: Bhikhu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parekh 
Author-Name: Donald Richards 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Whose Reality Counts? Putting the First Last. By Robert Chambers. London:
 Intermediate Technology Publications, 1996. Pp.xx + 297. &#xa3;3.25. ISBN
 1 85339 386 X Fighting for the Rainforest: War, Youth and Resources in
 Sierra Leone. By Paul Richards. Oxford: The International African
 Institute in association with James Currey, 1996. Pp.xxix + 182. &#xa3;35
 and &#xa3;9.95. ISBN 0 435 07405 9 and 07406 7 Opportunity Foregone:
 Education in Brazil. Edited by Nancy Birdsall and Richard H. Sabot.
 Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank and Johns Hopkins
 University Press, 1996. Pp.xvi + 566. &#xa3;16.50. ISBN 1 886938 03 2 The
 Anthropology of Anger, Civil Society and Democracy in Africa. By Celestin
 Monga (translated by the author and Linda Fleck). Boulder, CO and London:
 Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1996. Pp.219. &#xa3;40. ISBN 1 555876447 The Lie
 of the Land: Challenging Received Wisdom on the African Environment.
 Edited by Melissa Leach and Robin Mearns. Oxford: James Currey, 1996.
 Pp.xvi + 240. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;11.95. ISBN 0 85255 410 9 and 409 5 Jua
 Kali Kenya: Change and Development in an Informal Economy, 1970-95. By
 Kenneth King. London: James Currey; Nairobi: EAEP; Athens, OH: Ohio
 University Press, 1996. Pp.xx +236. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 0 8214
 1157 9 and 0 85255 239 4 Britain and the Politics of Modernisation in the
 Middle East, 1945-1958. By Paul W.T. Kingston. Cambridge: Cambridge
 University Press, 1996. Pp.xi+ 191. &#xa3;35. ISBN 0521 563461 Footloose
 Labour: Working in India's Informal Economy. By Jan Breman. Cambridge:
 Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp.x + 278. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;16.95.
 ISBN 0 521 56083 7 and 56824 2 Good Government and Law: Legal and
 Institutional Reform in Developing Countries. Edited by Julio Faundez.
 London: Macmillan, 1997. Ppvii + 286. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;15. ISBN 0 333
 669967 and 669975 Internal Conflicts in South Asia. Edited by Kumar
 Rupesinghe and Khawar Mumtaz. London: Sage, 1996. Pp.xvii + 194.
 &#xa3;39.50. ISBN 0 8039 7752 2 The New Politics of Survival: Grassroots
 Movements in Central America. Edited by Minor Sinclair. New York: Monthly
 Review Press, 1995. Pp.viii+301. $15.00. ISBN 0 85345 951 7. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 149-167 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422507 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422507  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Author-Name: Jonathan Atkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkins 
Title: Book notes 
Abstract:
  Being and Becoming Oromo: Historical and Anthropological Enquiries.
 Edited by P.T.W. Baxter, Jan Hultin and Alessandro Triulzi. Uppsala:
 Nordiska Afrikainstitutetl Red Sea Press. Pp.311. &#xa3;19.95. ISBN 91
 7106 379 X The Berbers. Edited by Michael Brett and Elizabeth Fentress.
 Oxford: Blackwell, 1996. Pp.350. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0631 168524 Green Globe
 Yearbook of International Co-operation on Environment and Development:
 1996. Edited by Helge Ole Bergesen and Georg Parmann. Oxford: Oxford
 University Press for the Fridtjof Nansen Institute: Oxford, 1996. Pp.370.
 &#xa3;37.50. ISBN 019 823345 0 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 168-169 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422508 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422508  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Minford 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minford 
Author-Name: Jonathan Riley 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riley 
Author-Name: Eric Nowell 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nowell 
Title: Trade, technology and labour markets in the world economy, 1970-90: A computable general equilibrium analysis 
Abstract:
  Whether the plight of OECD unskilled labour is due to trade or technology
 is examined with a general equilibrium Heckscher-Ohlin calibrated model of
 North and South. Technology transfer from North to South via direct
 foreign investment in unskilled-labour-intensive manufacturing industries
 is identified as the trade shock. Simulations are carried out for this and
 other relevant shocks, and compared with the facts of the 1970-90 period.
 Weights on the shocks are selected by least squares. It is found that the
 roles of trade and technology in the plight of Northern unskilled labour
 are roughly equal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-34 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422510 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422510  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Murphy 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy 
Author-Name: Richard Bilsborrow 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilsborrow 
Author-Name: Francisco Pichon 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pichon 
Title: Poverty and prosperity among migrant settlers in the Amazon rainforest frontier of Ecuador 
Abstract:
  Household-level interview data from a probability sample survey conducted
 in the northeastern Ecuadorian Amazon in 1990 are used to examine the
 determinants of income and assets among migrant farmers in the
 agricultural frontier. Multivariate analysis indicates that size of plot
 owned, proximity to markets, duration of residence, quality of soil,
 receipt of technical assistance, off-farm employment and initial wealth
 positively influence current household income and wealth. More land in
 cattle pasture is also associated with higher status. Some settlers are
 prospering relative to others despite variable soil quality, unsustainable
 land uses, geographic isolation, apparent scarcity of labor, and lack of
 supportive infrastructure. The article closes with a discussion of
 implications for policies to assist small farmers, with some consideration
 of the potential ecological consequences of farmers' activities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 35-65 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422511 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422511  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quentin Wodon 
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wodon 
Title: Food energy intake and cost of basic needs: Measuring poverty in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  Past estimates of poverty in Bangladesh based on the food energy intake
 method found decreasing poverty over time and similar poverty in urban and
 rural areas. Using the cost of basic needs method, we find increasing
 poverty for 1984-92 and higher poverty in rural than urban areas. Examples
 of lack of consistency in past estimates are highlighted. A method is
 introduced to assess the gap narrowing and re-ranking impacts on poverty
 measures of changes in poverty lines. The article also estimates the
 marginal impact of household characteristics such as household size,
 education, occupation and land ownership on the probability of being poor. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 66-101 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422512 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422512  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1997:i:2:p:66-101




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Seguino 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seguino 
Title: Gender wage inequality and export-led growth in South Korea 
Abstract:
  This article investigates the relationship between gender, wage
 inequality, and export-led growth in South Korea. The persistent gender
 wage gap in Korea's manufacturing sector is found to be linked to women's
 segregation in the country's major export industries where real wage
 growth has lagged productivity growth, despite favorable market conditions
 that might drive up women's wages relative to those of men. The
 interaction of state- and firm-level hiring, training, and promotion
 practices that structure women's and men's employment opportunities
 differently appear to have resulted in a relatively weaker fall-back
 position for women in labour markets. Econometric results are consistent
 with the hypothesis that women's weaker fall-back position limits their
 ability to bargain for wage increases commensurate with productivity
 growth. Further, evidence is presented which links gender wage inequality
 to the growth of Korean exports. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 102-132 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422513 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422513  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarmistha Pal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pal 
Title: An analysis of declining incidence of regular labour contracts in rural India 
Abstract:
  Evidence obtained from the ICRISAT villages in India suggests that the
 decline of regular contracts has been accompanied by the growth in real
 wages and casualisation of the rural labour force. In view of this
 evidence, the article examines the causes of the declining incidence of
 regular contracts in rural India. We argue that this has been caused by
 the leftward shift in the regular labour supply curve due to improved
 employment and credit opportunities and not an upward movement of the
 labour demand curve as manifested by the increase in real wages over the
 years. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 133-155 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422514 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422514  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1997:i:2:p:133-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald Richards 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards 
Title: Inflation, unemployment and distributional conflict in Argentina, 1984-90 
Abstract:
  The cycle of various economic stabilisation efforts in Argentina during
 the 1980s has often been characterised as reflecting either policy
 confusion on the part of officials or their unwillingness to depart from
 an obsolete model of economic development. Hence, according to some, the
 alternation between orthodox and heterodox policy approaches has revealed
 an absence of either economic policy wisdom or political conviction. Less
 attention has been paid to the underlying real class-based conflict for
 income that has manifested itself in terms of high rates of inflation and,
 at times, hyperinflation. Interpreting the issue from this perspective
 allows us to appreciate the essential continuity of the process of
 neo-liberal reform of the Argentine political economy that commenced with
 the post-Peronist military coup in 1976 and has more recently culminated
 with the rise of the nominally Peronist regime of Carlos Menem. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 156-172 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422515 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422515  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Polidano 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Polidano 
Author-Name: Mats Lundahl 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundahl 
Author-Name: Frances Stewart 
Author-X-Name-First: Frances 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart 
Author-Name: Paul Collier 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collier 
Author-Name: Bill Brugger 
Author-X-Name-First: Bill 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brugger 
Author-Name: Gareth Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Emanuel De Kadt 
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Kadt 
Author-Name: Anthony Thirlwall 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirlwall 
Author-Name: Peter Furley 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Furley 
Author-Name: Neil Price 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Price 
Author-Name: Cormac o Grada 
Author-X-Name-First: Cormac o 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grada 
Author-Name: Bridget O'Laughlin 
Author-X-Name-First: Bridget 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Laughlin 
Author-Name: Roger Southall 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall 
Author-Name: Derek Robinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson 
Author-Name: George Peters 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peters 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  World Development Report 1997: The State in a Changing World. By the
 World Bank. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp.viii + 265. ISBN 0
 19 521115 4 and 521114 6 Agenda for Africa's Economic Renewal. Edited by
 Benno Ndulu and Nicolas van de Walle. New Brunswick and Oxford:
 Transaction Publishers, 1996. Pp.ix + 246. $32.95. ISBN 1 56000 280 8
 Limits of Adjustment in Africa. Edited by Poul Engberg-Pedersen, Peter
 Gibbon; Phil Raikes and Lars Udsholt. Copenhagen, Oxford and Portsmouth,
 NH: Centre for Development Research in association with James Currey and
 Heinemann, 1996. Pp.xi + 430. ISBN 0 85255 152 5 and 152 5 3 Economic
 Reform and the Poor in Africa. Edited by David E. Sahn. Oxford: Clarendon
 Press, 1996. Pp.xv + 488. &#xa3;50. ISBN 0 19 829035 7 The Individual and
 the State in China. Edited by Brian Hook. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996.
 Pp.vii + 231. &#xa3;12.99. ISBN 0 19 828931 6 In Search of Civil Society;
 Market Reform and Social Change in Contemporary China. By Gordon White,
 Jude A. Howell and Shang Xiaoyuan. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Pp.x +
 241. &#xa3;35. ISBN 0 19 828956 1 Institutional Development: A Third World
 City Management Perspective. By Ronald McGill. Basingstoke and London:
 Macmillan, 1996. Pp.xvi + 310. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 333 65413 7 Good
 Government in the Tropics. By Judith Tendler. Baltimore and London: Johns
 Hopkins University Press, 1997. Pp.xi + 221. &#xa3;30. ISBN 0 8018 5452 0
 Emancipating the Banking System and Developing Markets for Government
 Debt. By Maxwell J. Fry. London: Routledge, 1997. Pp.xviii + 280. &#xa3;45
 and &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 415 15640 8 and 15641 6 Floods of Fortune: Ecology
 and Economy along the Amazon. By Michael Goulding, Nigel J.H. Smith and
 Dennis J. Mahar. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996. Pp.iii + 193.
 US$29.95. ISBN 0 231 10420 0 Non-Governmental Organizations and Health in
 Developing Countries. By Andrew Green and Ann Matthias. Basingstoke:
 Macmillan, 1997. Pp.xvi + 229. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 333 63874
 3 and 68431 1 The Demography of Famines: An Indian Historical Perspective.
 By Arup Maharatna. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996. Pp.xviii + 317.
 Rs 545. ISBN 0 195 637119 Peace without Profit: How the IMF Blocks
 Rebuilding in Mozambique. By Joseph Hanlon. Oxford: James Currey and
 Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann for International African Institute and Irish
 Mozambique Solidarity, 1996. Pp.176. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3;9.95. ISBN 0 85255
 801 7 and 800 7 Decolonization and African Society: The Labor Question in
 French and British Africa. By Frederick Cooper. Cambridge: Cambridge
 University Press, 1996. Pp.xvii + 677. &#xa3;55 and &#xa3;19.95. ISBN 0
 521 56251 1 and 0 521 56600 2 Public-Sector Pay and Adjustment: Lessons
 from Five Countries. Edited by Christopher Colclough. London: Routledge,
 1997. Pp.xii + 161. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 415 15338 7 The Economics of
 Agriculture, Volume 1: Selected Papers of D. Gale Johnson. Edited by John
 M. Antle and Daniel A. Sumner. Chicago, IL and London: University of
 Chicago Press, 1996. Pp.xi + 352. $49.95. ISBN 0 226 41172 3 The Economics
 of Agriculture, Volume 2: Papers in Honor of D. Gale Johnson. Edited by
 John M. Antle and Daniel A. Sumner. Chicago, IL and London: University of
 Chicago Press, 1996. Pp.ix + 437. $59.95. ISBN 0 226 40175 8. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 173-199 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389708422516 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389708422516  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Raiser 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raiser 
Title: Subsidising inequality: Economic reforms, fiscal transfers and convergence across Chinese provinces 
Abstract:
  The article investigates per capita income convergence across Chinese
 provinces over the 1978-92 period. It confirms previous studies which find
 a reduction in inter-regional income inequality over the course of
 economic reforms. However, the rate of convergence has declined since 1985
 as a result of two factors. First, the shift from rural to industrial
 reforms has disproportionately benefited the relatively wealthier coastal
 provinces. Second, the system of inter-provincial fiscal transfers has
 prevented convergence among interior provinces, as transfers have gone to
 the richer among them. Further fiscal decentralisation and an acceleration
 of reforms in the interior provinces is thus unlikely to increase regional
 income inequality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422518 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422518  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niels Hermes 
Author-X-Name-First: Niels 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermes 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Title: Banking reform and the financing of firm investment: An empirical analysis of the Chilean experience, 1983-92 
Abstract:
  This article investigates whether the Chilean banking reforms of the
 1980s have contributed to reducing market imperfections in Chilean
 financial markets in the late 1980 and early 1990s. To analyse this issue,
 patterns of investment and its finance for different types of firms are
 studied, based on balance sheet information of a panel of 70 firms. The
 most important conclusion is that those specific reforms, aimed at
 reducing intra-conglomerate lending, seem to have been successful, since
 access of non-conglomerate firms has increased, indicating a reduction of
 existing market imperfections for such firms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 27-43 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422519 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422519  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:3:p:27-43




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jens Reinke 
Author-X-Name-First: Jens 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reinke 
Title: How to lend like mad and make a profit: A micro-credit paradigm versus the start-up fund in South Africa 
Abstract:
  In current debates about micro-credit, joint-liability schemes are often
 viewed as the only viable way to non-collateralised lending, and are thus
 seen as almost synonymous with micro-credit. This article reports about an
 alternative, non-participatory approach to micro-credit. Prompted by the
 apparent inability of group credit schemes to reign in lending costs, the
 article sets out the institutional requirements for cheap, 'mass-produced'
 credit. It argues that such credit can be viable if mechanisms are in
 place enforcing the self-selection of potential borrowers and
 self-motivation of existing borrowers. The analysis of a 'mass-minimalist'
 micro-credit institution from South Africa supports the argument. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 44-61 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422520 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422520  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Diamond 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diamond 
Author-Name: Tammy Fayed 
Author-X-Name-First: Tammy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fayed 
Title: Evidence on substitutability of adult and child labour 
Abstract:
  Whether child labour displaces adult labour, giving rise to unemployment,
 is a matter of their substitutability in production. Using a flexible form
 production function fitted to data on Egypt's economy, we generate Hicks
 elasticities of complementarity, own and cross-price elasticities, as well
 as simulate employment effects on adult labour as a result of changing the
 fixed quantity of labour in compliance with the international call to end
 child labour. Adult males appear to be complementary with, and adult
 females substitutes for child labour, although the employment effects of
 banning child labour are inconclusive. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 62-70 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422521 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422521  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:3:p:62-70




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: The business of aid: Transparency and accountability in European union development assistance 
Abstract:
  The European Union has emerged as one of the world's largest aid donors.
 However, its multilateral aid programme, while well-placed to set a new
 standard in development assistance, suffers from problems of democratic
 accountability confronting all transnational actors in an increasingly
 global community. Examination of the rules governing the European
 Commission's aid programme to Asian and Latin American countries reveals a
 pattern of perverse incentives facing private consultants and a lack of
 access to information that makes the programme virtually unaccountable to
 both European taxpayers and citizens in recipient countries. Case material
 from the Philippines illustrates the problems in the Commission's aid
 programme. Proposals for reform are presented that are both politically
 feasible and capable of making the programme significantly more
 transparent and accountable. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 71-96 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422522 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422522  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:3:p:71-96




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anand Swamy 
Author-X-Name-First: Anand 
Author-X-Name-Last: Swamy 
Title: Factor markets and resource allocation in colonial Punjab 
Abstract:
  It is often argued that agricultural factor markets in colonial India
 were underdeveloped, leading to inefficient resource use and slow
 agricultural development. However, there is little econometric evidence on
 these issues. This article outlines a model which incorporates the factor
 market imperfections discussed in the literature and tests the model
 against data from the Punjab. There is, in the statistical sense, evidence
 of resource misallocation; however, these effects are too small to be of
 much economic significance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 97-115 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422523 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422523  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:3:p:97-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Addington Coppin 
Author-X-Name-First: Addington 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coppin 
Author-Name: Reed Neil Olsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Reed Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsen 
Title: Earnings and ethnicity in Trinidad and Tobago 
Abstract:
  This study employs 1993 Continuous Sample Survey of the Population (CSSP)
 data for Trinidad and Tobago to investigate the determinants of earnings
 by ethnicity. The data, organised into three ethnic groupings, reveal
 lower levels of remuneration in the labour market for Africans and Indians
 than for individuals of other ethnicities taken as a whole. While the
 larger portion of the earnings differentials generally appears to be
 explained by ethnic differences in characteristics valued by the labour
 market, Africans and Indians would benefit substantially if they were to
 receive the same rates of remuneration for their educational endowments as
 workers of other ethnicities in the Trinidad and Tobago labour market.
 Notwithstanding Indians' lowest average earnings, Africans appear more
 likely to be discriminated against. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 116-134 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422524 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422524  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:3:p:116-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald Curtis 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis 
Author-Name: Emma Mawdsley 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mawdsley 
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Author-Name: Simon McGrath 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGrath 
Author-Name: Tim Forsyth 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forsyth 
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Author-Name: W.Neil Adger 
Author-X-Name-First: W.Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adger 
Author-Name: Lynne Brydon 
Author-X-Name-First: Lynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brydon 
Author-Name: Michael Parnwell 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parnwell 
Author-Name: Katrina Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Author-Name: W. M. Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: W. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Author-Name: John Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Community Development around the World: Practice, Theory, Research and
 Training. Edited by Hubert Campferns. Toronto and London: University of
 Toronto Press, 1997. Pp.xvi + 481. NP. ISBN 0 8020 0903 4 and 7884 2
 Cultural Perspectives on Development. Edited by Vincent Tucker. London and
 Portland, OR: Frank Cass/EADI, 1997. Pp.136. &#xa3;16. ISBN 0 7146 4337 8
 Questioning Development: Essays in the Theory, Policies and Practice of
 Development Interventions. Edited by Gabriele Kohler, Charles Gore,
 Utz-Peter Reich and Thomas Ziesemer. Marhurg: Metropolis-Verlag, 1996.
 Pp.450. NP. ISBN 3 895180750 Development Economics: From the Poverty to
 the Wealth of Nations. By Yujiro Hayami. Oxford and New York: Clarendon
 Press, 1997. Pp.xx + 316. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 19 829207 4 Development
 Economics. By Richard Grabowski and Michael Shields. Cambridge, MA and
 Oxford: Blackwell, 1996. Pp.xi + 299. &#xa3;21.99. ISBN 1 55786 706 2 The
 Process of Economic Development. By James Cypher and James Dietz. London
 and New York: Routledge, 1997. Pp.xxiii + 608. &#xa3;65 and &#xa3;19.99.
 ISBN 0 415 11027 0 and 11028 9 The Diploma Disease: Education,
 Qualification and Development. By Ron Dore. Second Edition. London:
 Institute of Education, 1997. Pp.xxxii + 214. &#xa3;7.95. ISBN 0 85473 498
 8 Special Issue: The Diploma Disease Twenty Years On,Assessment in
 Education, Vol.4, No.1, 1997. Pp.208. ISSN 0969 594 X The Environment and
 Emerging Development Issues (2 volumes). Edited by Partha Dasgupta and
 Karl-Goran Maler. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Pp.xviii + 593. &#xa3;30
 (Vol.1); &#xa3;35 (Vol.2). ISBN 0 19 828767 4 (Volume 1); 0 19 828768 2
 (Volume 2) The Economic Organization of East Asian Capitalism. By Marco
 Orru, Nicole Woolsey Biggart and Gary G. Hamilton. London and New Delhi:
 Sage, 1997. Pp.xii + 426. &#xa3;43 and &#xa3;19.95. ISBN 0 7619 0479 4 and
 0480 8 Power in Motion. Capital Mobility and the Indonesian State. By
 Jeffrey A. Winters. Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 1996.
 Pp.xvi + 241. &#xa3;27.50. ISBN 0 8014 3148 4 Environmental Change in
 South East Asia: People, Politics and Sustainable Development. Edited by
 Michael J.G. Parnwell and Raymond L. Bryant. London: Routledge, 1996.
 Pp.383. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;15.99. ISBN 0 415 12933 8 Big Men, Small Boys
 and Politics in Ghana: Power, Ideology and the Burden of History, 1982-94.
 By Paul Nugent. London and New York: Pinter, 1996. Pp.xiv + 306.
 &#xa3;49.50. ISBN 1 85567 373 8 Rural Industrialization in Indonesia: A
 Case Study of Community-Based Weaving Industry in West Java. By Kosuke
 Mizuno. Tokyo; Institute of Developing Economies, Occasional Papers Series
 No.31, 1996. Pp.viii + 114. US$58. ISBN 4 258 52031 4 Missing a Moving
 Target? Colonist Technology Development on the Amazon Frontier. By Michael
 Richards. London: Overseas Development Institute, 1997. Pp.xvi + 94.
 &#xa3;10.95. ISBN 0 85003 301 2 Societies and Nature in the Sahel. By
 Claude Raynaut. London: Routledge, 1997. Pp.xxiii + 351. &#xa3;50. ISBN
 0415 14102 8 Changing the Rules: The Politics of Liberalization and the
 Urban Informal Economy in Tanzania. By Aili Mari Tripp. Berkeley, CA:
 University of California Press. 1997. Pp.xxii + 260. &#xa3;38 and
 &#xa3;13.95. ISBN 0 520 20278 3 and 20279 1 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 135-159 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422525 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422525  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:3:p:135-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Boone 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boone 
Title: State building in the African countryside: Structure and politics at the grassroots 
Abstract:
  This is a comparative analysis of institutions linking state and
 countryside in three West African regions: Senegal's groundnut basin,
 southern Cote d'Ivoire, and southern Ghana. It argues that conflicts
 within rural society, and between rural elites and governments, have been
 more important in shaping these linkages than much of state-centric
 political science has allowed. Different patterns of economic and social
 organisation have produced regionally-specific political dynamics that
 have, in turn, shaped institution-building and state formation. The
 analysis shows African states to be more deeply embedded in localised
 power relations than many previous studies have suggested. It may shed
 light on sources of unevenness and variation in attempts to decentralise
 and democratise state structures in the 1980s and 1990s. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-31 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422527 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422527  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:4:p:1-31




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Humphrey 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Humphrey 
Author-Name: Hubert Schmitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitz 
Title: Trust and inter-firm relations in developing and transition economies 
Abstract:
  The role of trust in facilitating economic growth has been highlighted in
 previous contributions to this journal. In order to take this debate
 forward, this article argues (1) that more attention needs to be given to
 the relationship between sanctions and trust, and (2) that it is worth
 distinguishing between the minimal trust for making markets effective and
 the extended trust required for deeper kinds of inter-firm co-operation to
 work. The article goes on to ask why minimal trust is lacking and so hard
 to construct in the republics of the former Soviet Union. It then examines
 how extended trust grows or can be made to grow in industrial supply
 chains and clusters in developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 32-61 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422528 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422528  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:4:p:32-61




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaurav Datt 
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav 
Author-X-Name-Last: Datt 
Author-Name: Martin Ravallion 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravallion 
Title: Farm productivity and rural poverty in India 
Abstract:
  Armed with new data, we return to an old question from the pages of this
 journal: to what extent do India's rural poor share in agricultural
 growth? Combining data from 24 household sample surveys spanning 35 years
 with other sources, we estimate a model of the joint determination of
 consumption-poverty measures, agricultural wages, and food prices. We find
 that higher farm productivity brought both absolute and relative gains to
 poor rural households. A large share of the gains was via wages and
 prices, though these effects took time. The benefits to the poor were not
 confined to those near the poverty line. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 62-85 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422529 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422529  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:4:p:62-85




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomasz Potkanski 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Potkanski 
Author-Name: William Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Title: Water scarcity, property regimes and irrigation management in Sonjo, Tanzania 
Abstract:
  This article explores the dynamics of property rights in irrigation water
 in Sonjo, Tanzania. It analyses an unsuccessful attempt by the ruling
 political group to change the institutional arrangements of water control,
 to serve better their private goals. This example shows that not all
 internal institutional innovations in the field of utilising natural
 resources lead to increased efficiency of the system from the point of
 view of the whole community. We draw on New Institutional Economics (NIE)
 and Common Property Resource Management (CPRM) theory to analyse the way
 in which it was possible that those few within Sonjo society who are
 formally/nominally 'the owners' of water sought to privatise de facto
 collective use rights of all community members. We consider why this was
 done in some, but not all, Sonjo communities, and we describe why this
 process has eventually failed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 86-116 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422530 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422530  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:4:p:86-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Carneiro 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carneiro 
Author-Name: Andrew Henley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henley 
Title: Wage determination in Brazil: The growth of union bargaining power and informal employment 
Abstract:
  This article examines wage determination in Brazilian manufacturing
 during the 1980s and early 1990s. It presents evidence to show that the
 reduction in state regulation of collective bargaining has led to the
 development of a system of wage determination which is increasingly
 characterised by rent sharing and insider trade union bargaining power.
 Real wages appear increasingly inflexible with respect to movements in
 open unemployment, with a large informal sector disciplining formal sector
 wage bargaining and cushioning the impact of broader labour market
 conditions. An important consequence of this is that the employment costs
 of a successful counter-inflationary strategy may be very severe. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 117-138 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422531 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422531  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Woller 
Author-X-Name-First: Gary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woller 
Author-Name: Kerk Phillips 
Author-X-Name-First: Kerk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips 
Title: Fiscal decentralisation and IDC economic growth: An empirical investigation 
Abstract:
  The impact of fiscal decentralisation on LDC economic growth and
 development is widely debated in the development literature.
 Notwithstanding this, there has been little attempt to test systematically
 this relationship. Accordingly, in this note we present an empirical
 examination of the relationship between the level of fiscal
 decentralisation and economic growth rates across a sample of twenty-three
 LDCsfrom 1974 to 1991. We fail to find, however, any strong, systematic
 relationship between the two among our sample of LDCs. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 139-148 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422532 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422532  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:4:p:139-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Author-Name: Christopher Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Jeremy Gould 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gould 
Author-Name: Scott McDonald 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald 
Author-Name: T. V. Sathyamurthy 
Author-X-Name-First: T. V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sathyamurthy 
Author-Name: Rodney Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Dorothy Stein 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stein 
Author-Name: Donna Pankhurst 
Author-X-Name-First: Donna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pankhurst 
Author-Name: Anne Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Author-Name: Donal B. Cruise O'brien 
Author-X-Name-First: Donal B. Cruise 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'brien 
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Author-Name: Gerard Clarke 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke 
Author-Name: Augustin Fosu 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fosu 
Author-Name: Jeremy Holland 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holland 
Author-Name: Jean Grugel 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grugel 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Cost-Benefit Analysis and Project Appraisal in Developing Countries.
 Edited by Colin Kirkpatrick and John Weiss. Cheltenham and Brookfteld, VT:
 Edward Elgar, 1996. Pp.xiii + 321. &#xa3;49.95. ISBN 1 85898 346 0 Chile:
 The Great Transformation. By Javier Martinez and Alvaro Diaz Washington,
 DC: Brookings Institution, and Geneva: United Nations Research Institute
 for Social Development, 1996. Pp.xii + 156. &#xa3;27.25 and &#xa3;11.75.
 ISBN 0 8157 5478 7 and 5477 9. The Fractured Community: Landscapes of
 Power and Gender in Rural Zambia By Kate Crehan. Berkeley, CA: University
 of California Press, 1997. Pp.xiv + 258. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;15.95. ISBN 0
 520 20659 2 and 20660 6 Village Economies: The Design, Estimation, and Use
 of Villagewide Economic Models. By J. Edward Taylor and Irma Adelman, with
 contributions from Elise H. Golan, Blaine D. Lewis, Katherine Ralston,
 Shankar Subramanian and Erik Thorbecke. Cambridge: Cambridge University
 Press, 1996. Pp.ix + 264. &#xa3;35. ISBN 0 52155012 2 Indian Development:
 Selected Regional Perspectives. Edited by Jean Drze and Amartya Sen.
 Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Pp.xx + 420. &#xa3;40. ISBN 019 829204 X
 Politics Without Process: Administering Development in the Arab World. By
 Jamil E. Jreisat. Boulder, CO and London: Lynne Rienner, 1997. Pp.vii +
 261. $52. ISBN 1 55587 333 2 Population, Gender and Politics: Demographic
 Change in Rural North India. By Roger Jeffery and Patricia Jeffery.
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Pp.xvi + 278. &#xa3;50 and
 &#xa3;16.95. ISBN 0 521 461162 and 46653 9 Human Development Report 1997.
 By UNDP. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp.xi + 245.
 &#xa3;29.99 and &#xa3;16.99. ISBN 0 19 511996 7 and 511997 5 Class Power
 and Agrarian Change: Land and Labour in Rural West Java. By Jonathan R.
 Pincus. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan Press, 1996. Pp.xii + 248.
 &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 312 1827 0 A Claim to Land by the River: A Household in
 Senegal 1720-1994. By Adrian Adams and Jaabe So. Oxford: Oxford University
 Press, 1996. Pp.xiv + 293. &#xa3;50. ISBN 0 19 8201915 Foreign Aid Towards
 the Year 2000: Experiences and Challenges. By Olav Stokke. London and
 Portland, OR: Frank Cass in association with the European Association of
 Development Research and Training Institutes, 1996. Pp.361. &#xa3;35 and
 &#xa3;16. ISBN 0 7146 4713 6 and 429 2 Striking a Balance: A Guide to
 Enhancing the Effectiveness of Non-Governmental Organisations in
 International Development By Alan Fowler. London: Earthscan Publications,
 1997. Pp.xv + 298. &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 1 85383 325 8 The Role of NGOs Under
 Authoritarian Political Systems. By Seamus Cleary. Basingstoke: Macmillan
 Press and New York: St Martin's Press, 1997. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 333 67090 6
 (Macmillan) and 0 312 17464 0 (St. Martin's) Democracy and Development in
 Africa. By Claude Ake. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1996.
 Pp.vii + 173. &#xa3;30 and &#xa3;13.75. ISBN 0 8157 0220 5 and 0219 1
 Searching for Security: Women's Responses to Economic Transformations.
 Edited by Isa Baud and Ines Smythe. London and New York: Routledge, 1996.
 &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 415 14227 X Democracy and Civil Society in the Third
 World. By Jeff Haynes. Oxford: Polity Press, 1997. Pp.207. &#xa3;45 and
 &#xa3;12.95. ISBN 0745612461 and 61647X 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 149-175 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422533 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422533  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Thea Sinclair 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Thea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinclair 
Title: Tourism and economic development: A survey 
Abstract:
  This article surveys the literature on tourism and economic development,
 identifying the contribution that tourism can make to development,
 including foreign currency, income and employment, and the costs that it
 entails. Single equation and system of equations models for estimating
 tourism demand are provided, indicating developing countries' potential to
 benefit from increasing expenditure on tourism but their susceptibility to
 deterioration in price competitiveness. The main sectors of tourism supply
 -transportation, tour operators, travel agents and accommodation -are
 examined and the importance of cross-country integration between firms is
 highlighted. The article argues that many of the problems associated with
 the use of environmental resources for tourism stem from market failure,
 and it considers methods for increasing, sustainably, the returns from
 them. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-51 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422535 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422535  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:5:p:1-51




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Overfield 
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Overfield 
Title: An Investigation of the Household Economy: Coffee Production and Gender Relations in Papua New Guinea 
Abstract:
  Using two years of intra-household data from one area of the Papua New
 Guinea Highlands this article examines the impact of gender relations on
 household coffee production. Poor relative labour returns for women and
 the unequal distribution of tasks within the household were found to exert
 considerable influence on the level of household success in cultivating
 coffee. The article concludes with the construction of a model linking the
 intra-household distribution of economic benefits, determinants of
 household resource allocation and underdevelopment. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 52-70 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422536 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422536  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:5:p:52-70




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Author-Name: Alain De Janvry 
Author-X-Name-First: Alain 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Janvry 
Author-Name: Elisabeth Sadoulet 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sadoulet 
Author-Name: Kostas Stamoulis 
Author-X-Name-First: Kostas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stamoulis 
Title: The role of agriculture in economic development: Visible and invisible surplus transfers 
Abstract:
  The financial surplus of agriculture has been central to theories of the
 role of agriculture in economic development. Morrisson and Thorbecke (MT)
 have used a constant-price social accounting matrix (SAM) framework to
 measure rigorously the financial surplus of agriculture and decompose the
 mechanisms of surplus extraction. History and theory have, however,
 stressed the role of prices as an invisible transfer mechanism in addition
 to the visible transfers identified in the SAM framework. We extend the MT
 approach by defining and measuring the real surplus of agriculture and
 decomposing the mechanisms of surplus extraction between visible and
 invisible financial transfers. Using an archetype computable general
 equilibrium model for poor African nations, we trace the generation,
 transfer, and use of an agricultural surplus created by a productivity
 gain in agriculture. This shows that prices indeed play an overwhelmingly
 important role in transferring a surplus from agriculture to the benefit
 of the rest of the economy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 71-97 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422537 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422537  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josef Leitmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Josef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leitmann 
Author-Name: Deniz Baharoglu 
Author-X-Name-First: Deniz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baharoglu 
Title: Informal rules! Using institutional economics to understand service provision in Turkey's spontaneous settlements 
Abstract:
  Turkey's spontaneous settlements (gecekondus) house half the urban
 population and face infrastructure deficiencies that reduce quality of
 life and economic productivity while increasing the vulnerability of the
 urban poor. This article reports on research that used the new
 institutional economics to examine the formal and informal institutional
 frameworks for infrastructure provision in gecekondus. In theory, formal
 rules should create incentives that produce behaviour. However, a key
 finding was that rules are generally irrelevant. In fact, in the absence
 of credible formal rules, pressures arise that help shape informal rules
 which then result in behaviour. This has important implications for both
 institutional theory and daily practice. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 98-122 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422538 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422538  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:5:p:98-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Talan Iscan 
Author-X-Name-First: Talan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iscan 
Title: Trade liberalisation and productivity: A panel study of the Mexican manufacturing industry 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 123-148 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422539 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422539  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:5:p:123-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. J. Dawson 
Author-X-Name-First: P. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dawson 
Author-Name: Richard Tiffin 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiffin 
Title: Is there a long-run relationship between population growth and living standards? The case of India 
Abstract:
  This note examines the existence of a long-run, cointegrating
 relationship between population and per capita GDP in India for 1950-93.
 Unit root tests show that per capita GDP is integrated of order one while
 population is integrated of order zero; further, estimation of the
 bi-variate relationship using the cointegration procedure of Johansen
 shows that no long-run relationship exists. Thus, population growth
 neither causes per capita income growth nor is caused by it. A corollary
 is that population growth neither stimulates per capita income growth nor
 detracts from it. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 149-156 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422540 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422540  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:5:p:149-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emanual De Kadt 
Author-X-Name-First: Emanual 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Kadt 
Author-Name: Maureen Woodhall 
Author-X-Name-First: Maureen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodhall 
Author-Name: Sonja Ruehl 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruehl 
Author-Name: Mark Mcgillivray 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcgillivray 
Author-Name: Peter Calvert 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Calvert 
Author-Name: Harold Crouch 
Author-X-Name-First: Harold 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crouch 
Author-Name: Michael Weiner 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weiner 
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramanyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam 
Author-Name: Mak Arvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvin 
Author-Name: Kyle Kauffman 
Author-X-Name-First: Kyle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kauffman 
Author-Name: Rhys Jenkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhys 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenkins 
Author-Name: Michael Hubbard 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hubbard 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Democracy Without Equity: Failures of Reform in Brazil. By Kurt Weyland
 Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996. Pp. xii + 293.
 $49.95 and $22.95. ISBN 0 8229 3924 X and 5583 0 Marketizing Education and
 Health in Developing Countries: Miracle or Mirage? Edited by Christopher
 Colclough. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp.ix + 378. &#xa3;48.
 ISBN 0 19 8292554 Vietnam's Women in Transition. Edited by Kathleen Barry.
 Basingstoke and London: Macmillan Pmss, 1996. Pp.xviii + 332. &#xa3;50 and
 &#xa3;17.99. ISBN 0 333 64668 1 and 64669 X The Foreign Aid Business:
 Economic Assistance and Development Co-operation. By Kunibert Rafter and
 H.W Singer. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1996. Pp.xii + 236. &#xa3;45. ISBN 1
 85898 406 8 Latin America: Development and Conflict since 1945. By John
 Ward. London: Routledge, 1997. Pp.127. &#xa3;8.99. ISBN 0 415 14725 5 The
 Politics of Open Economies: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and
 Thailand. By Alasdair Bowie and Danny Unger. Cambridge: Cambridge
 University Press, 1997. Pp.ix + 245. &#xa3;14.95/$18.95 and
 &#xa3;40.00/$59.95. ISBN 0 521 58683 6 and 58343 8 Japan's Foreign Aid to
 Thailand and The Philippines. By David M. Potter. Basingstoke, Macmillan
 Press, 1996. Pp.208, &#xa3;29.50. ISBN 0 333 67341 7 The Theory of the
 Global Firm. By Vinay Bharat-Ram. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1997.
 Pp.ix +127. Rs 395. ISBN 0 19 564183 3 A Half-Penny on the Federal Dollar:
 The Future of Development Aid. By Michael O'Hanlon and Carol Graham.
 Washington, DC: Brvokings Institution Press, 1997. Pp.xiii + 102. $14.95
 ISBN 0 8157 6445 6 White Farms, Black Labor: The State of Agrarian Change
 in Southern Africa, 1910-1950. Edited by Alan H. Jeeves and Jonathan
 Crush. Published jointly by Pietermaritzburg: University of Natal Press;
 Oxford: James Currey; and Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1997. Pp.xiv + 344.
 $60 and $26.95. ISBN 0 85255 674 8 and 624 1 Pathways to Growth: Comparing
 East Asia and Latin America. Edited by N. Birdsall and F. Jaspersen.
 Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press for the Inter-American
 Development Bank, 1997 Pp.ix + 323. &#xa3;16.50. ISBN 1 886938 13 X
 Institutions and Economic Development: Growth and Governance in
 Less-Developed and Post-Socialist Societies. Edited by Christopher Clague.
 Baltimore MD and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. Pp.xiii +
 383. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;15.50. ISBN 0 8018 5492 X and 5493 8 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 157-176 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422541 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422541  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rubens Ricupero 
Author-X-Name-First: Rubens 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ricupero 
Title: Preface 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-3 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422543 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422543  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yilmaz Akyuz 
Author-X-Name-First: Yilmaz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akyuz 
Author-Name: Ha-Joon Chang 
Author-X-Name-First: Ha-Joon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang 
Author-Name: Richard Kozul-Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kozul-Wright 
Title: New perspectives on East Asian development 
Abstract:
  Conventional explanations of rapid growth in East Asia have focused on
 the efficient allocation of resources resulting from market-led
 outward-oriented strategies. This study challenges that approach. East
 Asian success has centred around the accumulation dynamic both because of
 its direct importance to the growth process and also because of its close
 and interdependent linkages with exports. On this basis the study
 considers the institutions and policies which were used to manage economic
 rents in support of rapid growth and to ensure a more strategic and
 orderly integration into the world economy. The study also examines the
 contribution of regional trade and investment flows to East Asian
 industrialisation. The potential for replicating similar strategies is
 considered. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 4-36 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422544 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422544  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jong-Il You 
Author-X-Name-First: Jong-Il 
Author-X-Name-Last: You 
Title: Income distribution and growth in East Asia 
Abstract:
  It is widely believed that the East Asian economies performed
 exceptionally well not only in generating growth but also in keeping
 inequality low. This study tries to answer the questions raised by the
 claims of exceptionality of income distribution in East Asia. Central
 findings are that only Japan, Korea and Taiwan have legitimate claims to
 low inequality; that the East Asian economies distinguished themselves by
 their ability to translate high profit shares into high savings and
 investment rates; and that low inequality and high profit shares coexisted
 primarily due to the unusually even distribution of wealth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 37-65 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422545 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422545  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Title: Transferable lessons? Re-examining the institutional prerequisites of East Asian economic policies 
Abstract:
  Competing theories of East Asian economic policy share the assumption
 that a highly capable, coherent economic bureaucracy, closely connected
 to, but still independent of, the business community, has been an
 essential institutional prerequisite for successful policy formation and
 implementation. In East Asia these institutional prerequisites were
 constructed in a variety of concrete forms with great difficulty and
 imperfect results. As long as the idea of 'transferable lessons' is
 understood as an invitation to indigenous innovation that takes advantage
 of the underlying analytical logic of East Asian institutions, other
 countries can reap important benefits from East Asia's experience. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 66-86 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422546 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422546  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tun-Jen Cheng 
Author-X-Name-First: Tun-Jen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng 
Author-Name: Stephan Haggard 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggard 
Author-Name: David Kang 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang 
Title: Institutions and growth in Korea and Taiwan: The bureaucracy 
Abstract:
  How do competent bureaucracies emerge in developing countries? We examine
 bureaucratic reform in Korea and Taiwan and argue that in both cases
 political leaders had an interest in reforming the civil service to carry
 out their programmatic initiatives. In addition, both governments
 undertook organisational reforms that made certain parts of the
 bureaucracy more meritocratic, while utilising centralised and insulated
 pilot agencies' in overall policy coordination. However, we reject the
 approach to bureaucratic reform that focuses primarily on its
 efficiency-enhancing effects. If delegation, bureaucratic and policy
 reform provided an easily available solution to the authoritarian's
 dilemma, dictators would have more uniformly positive economic records.
 Rather, we analyse the political and institutional constraints under which
 governing elites operate. In doing so, we underscore several important
 variations in the design of bureaucratic organisation, which in turn
 mirror larger policy differences between the two countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 87-111 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422547 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422547  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:34:y:1998:i:6:p:87-111




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajit Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Ajit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Title: Savings, investment and the corporation in the East Asian miracle 
Abstract:
  Most economists will accept that high rates of accumulation have been a
 key factor in East Asian economic success. This contribution explores
 specifically the reasons for extremely high rates of corporate savings and
 investments achieved by these economies. It focuses on the private
 corporation, the relationship between the corporation and the government
 and that between the corporation and the financial system. It analyses the
 nature of the investments-profits-savings nexus in Japan and Korea and
 indicates its contribution towards resolving the main macro-economic
 constraints on economic growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 112-137 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422548 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422548  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge 
Title: 'Beneath the pavement only soil': The poverty of post-development 
Abstract:
  The History of Development: From Western Origins to Global Faith. By
 Gilbert Rist. London: Zed Books, 1997. Pp.vi + 276. &#xa3;42.50/$65 and
 &#xa3;14.95/$25. ISBN 1 85649 491 8 and 492 6 Grassroots Post-Modernism:
 Remaking the Soil of Cultures. By Gustavo Esteva and Madhu Suri Prakash.
 London: Zed Books, 1998. Pp.223. &#xa3;45/$62.50 and &#xa3;14.95/$22.50.
 ISBN 1 85649 545 0 and 546 9 The Post-Development Reader. Edited by Majid
 Rahnema with Victoria Bawtree. London: Zed Books, 1997. &#xa3;45.00/$65
 and &#xa3;15.95/$25. ISBN 1 85649 473 X and 474 International Development
 and the Social Sciences: Essays on the History and Politics of Knowledge.
 Edited by Frederick Cooper and Randall Packard. Berkeley, CA: University
 of California Press, 1997. Pp.xii + 361. &#xa3;40/$50 and &#xa3;14.95/$20.
 ISBN 0 520 20956 7 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 138-148 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422549 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422549  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Bryant 
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryant 
Author-Name: Jenny Pearce 
Author-X-Name-First: Jenny 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearce 
Author-Name: Ben Fine 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fine 
Author-Name: Jan Kees Van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Donge 
Author-Name: Bob Deacon 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deacon 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Southeast Asia: The Human Landscape of Modernization and Development. By
 Jonathan Rigg. London: Routledge, 1997. Pp.xxv + 326.&#xa3;45 and
 &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 415 13920 1 and 13921 X Militarization and
 Demilitarization in El Salvador's Transition to Democracy. By Philip J.
 Williams and Knut Walter. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press,
 1997. Pp.vii + 244. US$45.00 and US$19.95. ISBN 0 8229 4041 8 and 5646 2.
 New Theories in Growth and Development. Edited by Fabrizio Coricelli,
 Massimo di Matteo and Frank Hahn. London: Croom Helm, 1998. Pp.viii + 304.
 &#xa3;50. ISBN 0312 17621 X Localizing Modernity: Action, Interests and
 Association in Rural Zambia. By Jeremy Gould. Helsinki: The Finnish
 Anthropological Society, 1997. Pp.xiv + 286. ISBN 952 9573 18 9 Income,
 Inequality, and Poverty during the Transition from Planned to Market
 Economy. By Branko Milanovic. Washington, DC: World Bank, 1997. Pp.xiii +
 237. $30. ISBN 0 8231 3994 X 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 149-157 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 34 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422550 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422550  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Adam 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adam 
Author-Name: Peter Knorringa 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knorringa 
Author-Name: T. V. Sathyamurthy 
Author-X-Name-First: T. V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sathyamurthy 
Author-Name: Nigel Rapport 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rapport 
Author-Name: John Cleland 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cleland 
Author-Name: Wolfgang Grassl 
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfgang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grassl 
Author-Name: Scott McDonald 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald 
Author-Name: Mark Duffield 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Duffield 
Author-Name: Victor Murinde 
Author-X-Name-First: Victor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murinde 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Econometrics and Data Analysis for Developing Countries. By Chandan
 Mukherjee, Howard White and Marc Wuyts. London: Routledge, 1998. Pp.xviii
 + 496 (plus data diskette). &#xa3;24.99 and &#xa3;75. ISBN 0 415 09400 3
 and 09399 6 Enterprise Clusters and Networks in Developing Countries.
 Edited by Meine Pieter van Dijk and Roberta Rabellotti. London and
 Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 1997. Pp.viii + 304. &#xa3;22.50. ISBN 0 7146
 4333 5 India's Political Economy: Governance and Reform. By John P. Lewis.
 Delhi and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp.401. &#xa3;12.50. ISBN
 0 19 5642708 Discourses of Development: Anthropological Perspectives.
 Edited by R.D. Grillo and R.L. Stirrat. Oxford and New York: Berg, 1997.
 Pp.ix + 299. &#xa3;14.99 and &#xa3;34.99. ISBN 1 85973 9458 and 9407
 Principles of Population and Development with Illustrations from Asia and
 Africa. By Nigel Crook (edited by Ian M. Tim&#xe6;us). Oxford: Oxford
 University Press, 1997. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3;14.9. ISBN 0 19 877489 3 and
 877488 5 Globalization and Neoliberalism: The Caribbean Context. Edited by
 Thomas Klak. Lanham, MD and Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998. Pp. xxiv +
 319. US$64.00 and US$21.95. ISBN 0 8476 8536 5 and 8537 3 Intrahousehold
 Resource Allocation in Developing Countries: Models, Methods and Policy.
 Edited by Lawrence Haddad, John Hoddinott and Harold Alderman. Baltimore,
 MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press for the International Food Policy
 Research Institute, 1997. Pp.xii + 341. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 8018 5572 1
 Global Social Policy: International Organisations and the Future of
 Welfare. By Bob Deacon with Michelle Hulse and Paul Stubbs. London: Sage
 Publications, 1997. Pp.xii + 272. ISBN 0 8039 8953 9 and 8954 7 External
 Finance and Adjustment: Failure and Success in the Developing World.
 Edited by Karel Jansen and Rob Vos. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press and New
 York: St. Martin's Press, 1997. Pp.xxvi + 475. &#xa3;55.00. ISBN 0 333
 69390 6 Financial Integration and Development: Liberalisation and Reform
 in Sub-Saharan Africa. By Machiko Nissanke and Ernest Aryeetey. London and
 New York: Routledge, 1998. Pp.xiv + 330. &#xa3;55.00. ISBN 0 415 18081 3 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 180-196 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422560 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422560  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Ellis 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis 
Title: Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification 
Abstract:
  This article reviews the recent literature on diversification as a
 livelihood strategy of rural households in developing countries, with
 particular reference to sub-Saharan Africa. Livelihood diversification is
 defined as the process by which rural families construct a diverse
 portfolio of activities and social support capabilities in order to
 survive and to improve their standards of living. The determinants and
 effects of diversification in the areas of poverty, income distribution,
 farm output and gender are examined. Some policy inferences are
 summarised. The conclusion is reached that removal of constraints to, and
 expansion of opportunities for, diversification are desirable policy
 objectives because they give individuals and households more capabilities
 to improve livelihood security and to raise living standards. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-38 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422553 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422553  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geeta Gandhi Kingdon 
Author-X-Name-First: Geeta Gandhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kingdon 
Title: Does the labour market explain lower female schooling in India? 
Abstract:
  Labour market discrimination against women and parental discrimination
 against daughters are two of the most commonly cited explanations of the
 gender gap in education in developing countries. This study empirically
 tests the labour market explanation for India using recent household
 survey data. The results reveal substantial omitted family background bias
 in the estimates of rates of return to education. The findings suggest
 that, as well as overall labour market discrimination, girls face poorer
 economic incentives to invest in schooling than boys because they reap
 lower labour market returns to education than boys. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 39-65 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422554 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422554  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Title: The political economy of the food subsidy system in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This article examines the operation of the food subsidy system in
 Bangladesh from 1980 to 1995 using a political economy perspective. Two
 political economy concepts - rent-seeking lobbies and rent-seeking
 bureaucrats/agents - are found to be useful in providing a partial
 explanation of why this system has failed to benefit the rural poor.
 However, each of these explanations is incomplete because it fails to
 consider the large impact that external actors - USAID and the World Bank
 - have had on the Bangladesh food subsidy system. One way to improve the
 ability of this system to reach the poor would be to increase the amount
 of self-targeting in food subsidies by building on the Food-for- Work
 programme. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 66-88 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422555 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422555  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shamshad Begum 
Author-X-Name-First: Shamshad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Begum 
Author-Name: Abul Shamsuddin 
Author-X-Name-First: Abul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shamsuddin 
Title: Exports and economic growth in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This study investigates the effect of exports on economic growth in
 Bangladesh, based on a two-sector growth model. Using annual data for the
 period 1961-92, the article estimates an Autoregressive Conditional
 Heteroscedastic model of economic growth, which is found to capture the
 volatility of the Bangladesh economy. The results suggest that an increase
 in the share of investment in GDP significantly increases the growth rate
 of GDP in normal years, but negligibly increases GDP growth in abnormal
 years. Abnormalities in the economy arise from war, political turmoil and
 natural disasters. The key finding is that export growth has significantly
 increased economic growth through its positive impact on total factor
 productivity in the economy. The contribution of exports to economic
 growth was more pronounced during 1982-90 when the government pursued a
 policy of trade liberalisation and structural reform, and political
 turmoil was not persistent. This finding is not sensitive to the choice of
 the model or the estimation technique. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 89-114 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422556 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422556  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Warning 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Warning 
Author-Name: Elisabeth Sadoulet 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sadoulet 
Title: The performance of village intermediaries in rural credit delivery under changing penalty regimes: Evidence from Senegal 
Abstract:
  This article concerns the use of village intermediaries to mitigate
 asymmetric information problems in rural credit delivery. We consider an
 example from Senegal and examine the intermediaries' screening of loan
 applicants. The results show that, when the intermediaries expected to
 incur a substantial penalty in the event of borrower default, they engaged
 in appropriate screening, allocating credit to borrowers likely to repay
 their loans. When the default penalty was lowered, however, the
 intermediaries engaged in opportunistic screening, emphasising political
 affiliation and consanguinity in their lending decisions. These results
 reveal both the potential efficacy of village intermediaries in allocating
 credit and their extreme sensitivy to penalty regimes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 115-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422557 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422557  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:1:p:115-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raphael Kaplinsky 
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplinsky 
Author-Name: Claudia Manning 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manning 
Title: Concentration, competition policy and the role of small and medium-sized enterprises in South Africa's industrial development 
Abstract:
  It is widely recognised that the prospects of small and medium-sized
 enterprises (SMEs) are affected by the degree of industrial concentration.
 Invariably concentration measures are determined for an industry (market
 structure) to assess whether this affects market behaviour and hence the
 market performance of different sized firms. The analysis of the South
 African furniture industry shows that intra-industry concentration plays
 little role in explaining the poor performance of SMEs. Instead, it is
 concentration in the furniture retailing industry - which is perhaps in
 itself a function of concentration in the financial sector &#x2014; which
 primarily affects their relatively adverse performance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 139-161 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422558 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422558  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:1:p:139-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjun Bedi 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedi 
Title: Sector choice, multiple job holding and wage differentials: Evidence from Poland 
Abstract:
  This article uses data from Poland to investigate the role played by wage
 differentials, between the public and private sectors, in influencing
 sector choice and the decision to moonlight. Standardising for worker
 characteristics and allowing for sector selection effects, we find (i) a
 substantial private sector wage premium, (ii) wage differentials are a
 significant determinant of sector choice, and (iii) the desire to
 moonlight is particularly strong among those who face the greatest wage
 gap, that is, university educated employees. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 162-179 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422559 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422559  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:1:p:162-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vernon Ruttan 
Author-X-Name-First: Vernon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruttan 
Title: The new growth theory and development economics: A survey 
Abstract:
  Since their emergence as distinct fields of inquiry in the early
 post-Second World War period there has been an uneasy relationship between
 growth economics and development economics. The emergence of a richer 'new
 growth economics' has opened up the possibilities of a more fruitful
 dialogue between the two subdisciplines. In spite of recent advances,
 particularly with respect to the human capital, an understanding of
 differences in growth rates and income levels across countries remains
 elusive. Further advances will require that growth economists broaden
 their research agenda to embrace a number of concepts that have become
 conventional in development economics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422562 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422562  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:2:p:1-26




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Stein 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stein 
Title: Japanese aid to Africa: Patterns, motivation and the role of structural adjustment 
Abstract:
  In 1989 Japan surpassed United States as the world's largest contributor
 of overseas development assistance (ODA). While there has been
 considerable material on Japanese aid to Asia, comparatively little has
 been written on Japanese assistance to Africa. The article attempts to
 expand the literature by generating and analysing a data set on ODA to
 each African country from 1959 to 1994. The data indicate an overwhelming
 influence of structural adjustment lending on ODA. The article shows that
 structural adjustment programmes are inconsistent with the pattern of
 Japanese economic development. Based on interviews in Japan's agencies,
 the article analyses the reasons for Japan's strong support for adjustment
 in Africa and the more recent disenchantment with these policy packages.
 The author argues that the most important dimension in the shifting
 pattern of assistance to Africa is bilateral relations with the United
 States. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 27-53 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422563 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422563  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:2:p:27-53




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melissa Binder 
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Binder 
Title: Family background, gender and schooling in Mexico 
Abstract:
  This article is organised around two enquiries concerning the
 determinants of schooling attainment in Mexico. The first explores the
 importance of parental schooling for children's educational attainment,
 which is a near-universal finding in the literature. Even after
 controlling for usually unobserved family characteristics such as desired
 schooling, parental schooling continues to exert a strong influence on
 children's attainment. The second enquiry examines differences in
 determinants of schooling for boys and girls. Schooling attainment for
 boys appears to be more sensitive to their number of siblings, household
 wealth and parent's desired schooling. Girls' schooling depends relatively
 more on birth order and family structure. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 54-71 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422564 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422564  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:2:p:54-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Francis 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Francis 
Title: Gender and rural livelihoods in Kenya 
Abstract:
  This article considers the implications for gender relations of different
 rural livelihoods. While many rural areas in Kenya have been drawn into
 intensive commercial production, others, formerly dependent on remittances
 from migrant labour, have seen these diminish. Recent empirical studies of
 gender and livelihoods in Kenya are compared. Commercial production and
 the drying up of remittances set up quite different processes in rural
 households. These may lead to greater corporateness, to conflict or even
 to fragmentation. The outcome depends on the potential rewards of
 co-operation, but also on domestic authority relations and on ideologies
 of common or divided interest. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 72-95 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422565 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422565  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahidur Khandker 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahidur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khandker 
Author-Name: Hussain Samad 
Author-X-Name-First: Hussain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Samad 
Author-Name: Zahed Khan 
Author-X-Name-First: Zahed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khan 
Title: Income and employment effects of micro-credit programmes: Village-level evidence from Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  Micro-credit programmes, having made their mark in providing credit and
 other development services to the poor in a non-traditional way, are able
 to make significant changes in a rural economy. This article attempts to
 quantify the village-level impacts of the three most important
 micro-credit programmes of Bangladesh, namely Grameen Bank, Bangladesh
 Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), and Bangladesh Rural Development
 Board's (BRDB) RD-12 project. Descriptive and econometric analyses show
 that these programmes have positive impacts on income, production, and
 employment, particularly in the rural non-farm sector. Also, growth in
 self-employment has been achieved at the expense of wage employment, which
 implies an increase in rural wages. The article emphasises that an upward
 shift in the labour demand curve is required for both improved
 productivity and wage gains on a sustainable basis, which can only be
 supported through a structural transformation of the rural economy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 96-124 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422566 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422566  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dennis Ahlburg 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlburg 
Author-Name: Richard Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Migrants' intentions to return home and capital transfers: A study of Tongans and Samoans in Australia 
Abstract:
  This article examines the attributes of migrants from the Pacific island
 states of Tonga and Samoa living in Australia to assess the extent to
 which return migrants could contribute to the human and physical capital
 stock of the migrant-sending countries. It also examines the impact of
 intention to return on remittances and asset accumulation. The study finds
 that very few migrants plan to return home and very little evidence that
 those who plan to return embody significant human capital (education,
 experience and skills). Intention to return may be important,
 nevertheless, since those who plan to return remit significantly more than
 those that do not and also accumulate far more physical capital at home
 than those that do not intend to return. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 125-151 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422567 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422567  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Were Omamo 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven Were 
Author-X-Name-Last: Omamo 
Title: Farm-to-market transaction costs and specialisation in small-scale agriculture: Explorations with a non-separable household model 
Abstract:
  Using an integrated household model with endogenous transaction costs,
 this article illustrates how, even in the absence of risk, the tension
 between gains from specialisation and corresponding increases in
 transaction costs may lead to enterprise diversification on small farms. A
 numerical example illustrates that this tension may contribute to the
 prevalence of inter-cropped cash-crops on small farms, in apparent
 disregard for foregone yield and income from greater specialisation
 involving pure-stands. By implication, measures that augment households'
 abilities to override trading costs may be critical complements to efforts
 seeking to raise productivity and incomes in small-scale agriculture via
 increased specialisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 152-163 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422568 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422568  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1998:i:2:p:152-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan 
Author-X-Name-First: Giles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan 
Author-Name: Rodney Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Author-Name: Xavier Albo 
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Albo 
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence 
Author-Name: Arjan De Haan 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Haan 
Author-Name: Richard Batley 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Batley 
Author-Name: Anne Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Author-Name: Martin Rimmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rimmer 
Author-Name: Hal Hill 
Author-X-Name-First: Hal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Who Changes? Institutionalizing Participation in Development. Edited by
 James Blackburn with Jeremy Holland. London: Intermediate Technology
 Publications, 1998. Pp.xvi + 199. &#xa3;5.25. ISBN 1853394203 Whose Voice?
 Participatory Research and Policy Change. Edited by Jeremy Holland with
 James Blackburn. London: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1998.
 Pp.xviii + 254. &#xa3;5.75. ISBN 185339419X Civil Society in Yemen: The
 Political Economy of Activism in Modern Arabia. By Sheila Carapico.
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp.xiv + 256. &#xa3;35. ISBN
 0 521 59098 1 Structural Adjustment Reconsidered: Economic Policy and
 Poverty in Africa. By David Sahn, Paul Dorosh and Stephen Younger.
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. vix+304. ISBN 0521 584515
 The Spirit of Regeneration: Andean Culture Confronting Western Notions of
 Development. Edited by Frederique Apffel-Marglin with PRATEC. London and
 New York; Zed Books, 1997. ISBN 1 85649 547 7 and 548 5 Development
 Strategy and Management of the Market Economy: Volume I. By Edmond
 Malinvaud and others. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Pp.xiii + 302.
 &#xa3;25. ISBN 0 19 8292120 Development Strategy and Management of the
 Market Economy: Volume II. Edited by Istvan P. Szekely and Richard Sabot.
 Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Pp.x + 356. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3;25. ISBN 0
 19 8292120 and 8292503 Poverty: A Persistent Global Reality. Edited by
 John Dixon and David Macarow. London: Routledge (Series Social
 Policy/Development), 1998. Pp.xvi + 287. ISBN 0 415 14681 X and 14682 8
 Civil Service Reform and Structural Adjustment. By S.K. Das. Delhi: Oxford
 University Press, 1998. Pp.xv + 267. Rs550. ISBN 0 19 564305 4 Malaysia's
 Political Economy: Politics, Patronage and Profits. By Edmund Terence
 Gomez and Jomo K.S. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Pp.xix +
 207. &#xa3;40 and &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 0 521 59996 2 and 59007 8 Economic and
 Social Progress in Asia: Why Pakistan Did Not Become a Tiger. By Omar
 Noman. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997. &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 19
 5777816 The Indonesian Economy in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries:
 A History of Missed Opportunities. By Anne Booth. London: Macmillan
 (Modern Economic History of Southeast Asia series), 1998. Pp.xvi + 377.
 &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;19.95. ISBN 0333 553098 and 553101 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-180 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389808422569 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389808422569  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Cook 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook 
Author-Name: Margaret Maurer-Fazio 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurer-Fazio 
Title: Introduction 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-15 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422571 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422571  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Cook 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook 
Title: Surplus labour and productivity in Chinese agriculture: Evidence from household survey data 
Abstract:
  This study investigates whether the concept of surplus labour adequately
 characterises the labour conditions facing rural Chinese households, and
 the implications of such a surplus for household labour allocation. Using
 household survey data from one county in north China, we first estimate
 the marginal products of labour in agricultural and non-agricultural
 activities; these are compared with the returns to labour in other
 activities. The marginal returns to agricultural labour are found to be a
 fraction of those to non-agricultural labour, consistent with the
 existence of surplus labour and constraints on labour mobility.
 Investigation of the variation in marginal returns across activities and
 households illustrates the importance of village characteristics and
 household endowments, including demographic composition and political
 connections, in determining a household's capacity to transfer labour out
 of agriculture. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 16-44 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422572 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422572  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Denise Hare 
Author-X-Name-First: Denise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hare 
Title: 'Push' versus 'pull' factors in migration outflows and returns: Determinants of migration status and spell duration among China's rural population 
Abstract:
  The tremendous abundance of labour in rural areas is one of the most
 perplexing issues currently facing policy-makers in the People's Republic
 of China. Central and municipal authorities fear that large-scale labour
 movement out of rural China will have politically and socially
 destabilising effects on the cities and towns to which workers migrate.
 Recognising that there may be positive economic aspects associated with
 rural labour outflow, this research seeks to shed light on the transfer
 process with an emphasis on identifying the factors which motivate the
 observed frequent movement of migrants between their origin and
 destination points. Using household data collected in rural China, we
 investigate both out migration and return migration decisions. We
 demonstrate that observed migration patterns are the outcome of informed,
 rational responses to an environment filled with uncertainty and
 incomplete markets. To the extent that policymakers wish to minimise the
 more transient component of rural out-migration, attention must be paid to
 the underlying rural and urban institutions which give rise to the
 observed migration patterns. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 45-72 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422573 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422573  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Knight 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight 
Author-Name: Lina Song 
Author-X-Name-First: Lina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Song 
Author-Name: Jia Huaibin 
Author-X-Name-First: Jia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huaibin 
Title: Chinese rural migrants in urban enterprises: Three perspectives 
Abstract:
  A survey of rural migrants employed in enterprises in four Chinese cities
 is analysed to answer the following questions. Are the productive
 characteristics of migrants rewarded in the urban labour market? How do
 migrants compare with non-migrants in their productive characteristics,
 occupational attainment and pay? Do migrants have an incentive to remain
 with the enterprise and in the city, and what factors influence these
 attitudes? What determines the extent of migrant employment? Do
 enterprises have an incentive to employ more migrants, and how do they
 value migrants relative to non-migrants? How does policy influence
 migration: does government impede or encourage the flow of temporary
 migrants? Thus the process of migration is analysed from three
 perspectives: those of the rural migrants themselves, of their urban
 employers, and of the government. The survey results are combined with
 macroeconomic projections to consider the future of migration in China. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 73-104 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422574 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422574  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dennis Tao Yang 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis Tao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang 
Author-Name: Hao Zhou 
Author-X-Name-First: Hao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou 
Title: Rural-urban disparity and sectoral labour allocation in China 
Abstract:
  This study examines China's rural-urban segmentation and its causes in
 the context of economic reforms. Household survey and aggregate data
 indicate a V-shaped process in which rural-urban consumption and income
 differentials decreased between 1978 and 1985, but then have continually
 increased to historically high levels. This sectoral division is
 consistent with production function estimates based on provincial data
 that reveal higher labour productivity in urban/state-owned industries
 than in rural industries and agriculture. To explain the V-shaped change,
 we argue that the precedent of successful rural reforms raised farmers'
 relative earnings, but the remaining obstacles to an efficient sectoral
 allocation of labour have prevented China from eliminating dualism. Recent
 financial policies consisting of urban price subsidies and increased
 investment credits have also had influential distribution effects that are
 biased against the rural sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 105-133 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422575 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422575  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1999:i:3:p:105-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lora Sabin 
Author-X-Name-First: Lora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabin 
Title: The development of urban labour markets: China's urban wage curve, 1980-92 
Abstract:
  This study explores the effect of China's economic reforms and growth on
 a critical outcome of labour market interactions: wage levels. Provincial
 data from 1980 to 1992 are used to analyse changes in interregional wage
 differentiation, and the relationship between average and real wages and a
 variety of economic variables. The results illuminate the increasing role
 of market forces, particularly labour demand variables such as economic
 growth and foreign investment, in determining wage levels and explaining
 the pattern of first declining, and then sharply rising, interregional
 wage differentials in the 1980s and early 1990s. At the same time, the
 empirical results highlight the persistence of barriers to labour mobility
 across regions and enterprises of different ownership types. These
 findings suggest that the evolution of China's urban labour market to date
 is marked by a combination of unprecedented flexibility as well as old and
 new forms of rigidity. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 134-152 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422576 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422576  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1999:i:3:p:134-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Loraine West 
Author-X-Name-First: Loraine 
Author-X-Name-Last: West 
Title: Pension reform in China: Preparing for the future 
Abstract:
  China is revamping its enterprise-based old-age security system and
 introducing a pension programme financed by the employer, employee, and
 the government through a combination of pooled funds and individual
 accounts. The new system is expanding coverage to the urban workforce
 outside the state sector and protecting benefits against inflation. The
 decentralised nature of the pension pools, however, limits increases in
 efficiency and portability of pension benefits. Sustainability of the
 revised system will require attention to fund management regulations and
 preparation for rapid population ageing by expanding coverage to rural
 wage earners and reducing benefits. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 153-183 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422577 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422577  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Gellner 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gellner 
Author-Name: Donald Curtis 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis 
Author-Name: Michael Parnwell 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parnwell 
Author-Name: Lyla Mehta 
Author-X-Name-First: Lyla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehta 
Author-Name: James Copestake 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Copestake 
Author-Name: Clement Tisdell 
Author-X-Name-First: Clement 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tisdell 
Author-Name: Mike Shepperdson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shepperdson 
Author-Name: Thapelo Clayton Matsheka 
Author-X-Name-First: Thapelo Clayton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Matsheka 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India.
 By Oliver Mendelsohn and Marika Vicziany. Cambridge: Cambridge University
 Press, 1998. Pp.xviii + 289. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;16.95. ISBN 0 521 55362 8
 and 55671 6 Development as Process: Concepts and Methods for Working with
 Complexity. Edited by David Moss, John Farrington and Alan Rew. London and
 New York: Routledge, 1998. Pp.xii + 202. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 415 18605 6
 Culture and the City in East Asia. Edited by Won Bae Kim, Mike Douglass,
 Sang-Chuel Choe and Kong Chong Ho. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Pp.xvii
 + 262. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 19 823358 2 The Dam and the Nation: Displacement
 and Resettlement in the Narmada Valley. Edited by Jean Dreze, Meera Samson
 and Satyajit Singh. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp.ix + 328.
 &#xa3;25. ISBN 0 19 5640047 Inside NGOs: Learning to Manage Conflicts
 Between Headquarters and Field Offices. By Naoki Suzuki. London:
 Intermediate Technology Publications, 1998. Pp.xvii + 245. ISBN 1 85339
 413 0. Population, Economic Development and the Environment. Edited by
 Kerstin Lindahl Kiessling and Hans Landberg. Oxford: Clarendon Press,
 1997. Pp.xii + 284. &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 19 829242 2 Doctors for Democracy:
 Health Professionals in the Nepal Revolution. By Vincanne Adams.
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp.xii + 251. &#xa3;50 and
 &#xa3;17.95. ISBN 0 521 58486 8 and 521 58548 1 Aspects of the Botswana
 Economy: Selected Papers. Edited by J.S. Salkin, D. Mpabanga, D. Cowan, J.
 Selwe and M. Wright. London: James Curry and Gaborone: Lentswe La Lesedi,
 1997. Pp.vii + 579. &#xa3;19.95/$42.00. ISBN 0 85255 159 2 and 0 99912
 7104 1 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 201-215 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422587 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422587  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1999:i:4:p:201-215




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesus Felipe 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Felipe 
Title: Total factor productivity growth in East Asia: A critical survey 
Abstract:
  This article surveys the recent empirical literature on total factor
 productivity (TFP) growth in East Asia, and the debate about the sources
 of growth in the region. It is concluded that: (i) the main merit of this
 literature is that it has helped focus the attention of scholars on the
 growth process of East Asia; (ii) the theoretical problems underlying the
 notion of TFP are so significant that the whole concept should be
 seriously questioned; (Hi) the TFP growth estimates for the region vary
 significantly, even for the same country and time period; and (iv)
 research on growth in East Asia based on the estimation of TFP growth is
 an activity subject to decreasing returns. If we are to advance in
 understanding how East Asia grew during the last 30 years we need new
 avenues of research. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-41 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422579 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422579  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1999:i:4:p:1-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Eastwood 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eastwood 
Author-Name: Renu Kohli 
Author-X-Name-First: Renu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohli 
Title: Directed credit and investment in small-scale industry in India: Evidence from firm-level data 1965-78 
Abstract:
  Panel data on 788 modern sector Indian firms during 1965-78 are used to
 analyse the link between the size of a firm and its financial environment.
 Exogeneity tests reveal that large firms with improved investment
 prospects could obtain external finance at the margin, but that small
 firms could not. The policy of directing bank credit accordingly relaxed a
 binding constraint on small firms, raising investment. Assuming that all
 of the rise in the credit-sales ratio in small firms was policy-induced
 then so was about one third of the 170 per cent rise during 1965&#x2014;78
 in their investment&#x2014;sales ratio. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 42-63 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422580 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422580  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesko Hentschel 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hentschel 
Title: Contextuality and data collection methods: A framework and application to health service utilisation 
Abstract:
  This article examines the role of different data collection methods,
 including the data types they produce, in the analysis of social phenomena
 in developing countries. It points out that one of the confusing factors
 surrounding the quantitative-qualitative debate in the literature is that
 methods and data are not clearly separated. The article retains the
 qualitative/quantitative distinction pertaining to data types but analyses
 methods according to their contextuality, that is, to what degree they
 attempt to understand human behaviour within the social, cultural,
 economic and political environment of a locality. The framework is applied
 to characterise information needs for health planning derived from the
 utilisation of health services. Each combination of method
 (contextual/non-contextual) and data (quantitative/qualitative) is a
 primary and unique source to fulfil different information requirements.
 The article finds three roles contextual methods of data collection can
 play in generating information needs for understanding health utilisation
 patterns. It concludes with a brief discussion on how contextual and
 non-contextual methods can &#x2014; and need to be - formally linked to
 understand more fully the comparative strengths of the different methods. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 64-94 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422581 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422581  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaime Saavedra 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaime 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saavedra 
Author-Name: Alberto Chong 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chong 
Title: Structural reform, institutions and earnings: Evidence from the formal and informal sectors in urban Peru 
Abstract:
  Reforms undertaken in Peru in the early 1990s might have resulted in a
 slight reduction of the informal sector. Costs associated with becoming
 and staying informal, and benefits of becoming formal might have
 increased. This, when a legalistic definition of informality is used.
 Earnings differentials between formal and informal self-employed workers
 are negligible although they persist between formal and informal salaried
 workers. Skilled workers are more likely to be found in the formal sector
 and informal wage earners tend to be younger and less skilled. The
 earnings generating process for both the formal and the informal
 self-employed workers is similar. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 95-116 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422582 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422582  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yih-Chyi Chuang 
Author-X-Name-First: Yih-Chyi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chuang 
Author-Name: Chi-Mei Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chi-Mei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: Foreign direct investment, R&D and spillover efficiency: Evidence from Taiwan's manufacturing firms 
Abstract:
  Using Taiwanese firm-level data, we confirm that foreign direct
 investment and R&D have a positive impact, or spillover effect, on
 productivity. Furthermore, labour quality, firm size, market structure,
 and export orientation all affect a firm's productivity. Applying
 Heckman's [1976] two-stage estimation method, we find that firms
 self-select into R&D or non-R&D groups. After correcting for this
 selection bias, we find that foreign direct investment, local technology
 purchase, and outward foreign investment are substitutes to R&D activity.
 These results are mainly due to the significant effect of industry-wide
 technology spillovers. The major policy implications derived from this
 study are that governments in developing countries may first wish to adopt
 policies encouraging foreign direct investment to foster technology
 transfer and industry-wide knowledge spillovers in the short run. However,
 once the country's technological capability is established it appears
 critical to switch towards policies that provide a preferred environment
 to stimulate R&D investment (for example, infrastructure improvement and
 protection of intellectual property rights) to allow for sustainable
 economic growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 117-137 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422583 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422583  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregory Amacher 
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amacher 
Author-Name: William Hyde 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hyde 
Author-Name: Keshav Kanel 
Author-X-Name-First: Keshav 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanel 
Title: Nepali fuelwood production and consumption: Regional and household distinctions, substitution and successful intervention 
Abstract:
  This article uses household data from Nepal's two major populated regions
 (and 27 of 59 districts within those regions) to examine fuelwood
 consumption and production. In contrast with a purely market assessment,
 household analysis includes production which is consumed in the producing
 household. The household regressions yield coefficients and elasticities
 that are very different from and more reliable than a comparable
 assessment of market demand and supply. Household results generally
 support the hypotheses that expenditures on fuelwood are a small share of
 total household activity and that fuelwood is not sufficiently scarce to
 alter household behaviour. Fuelwood is sufficiently scarce, however, to
 alter behaviour for those households in the hill region that do not
 participate in market exchange. These households may be the best targets
 for public market interventions designed to alter fuelwood supply and
 deforestation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 138-163 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422584 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422584  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rati Ram 
Author-X-Name-First: Rati 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ram 
Title: Financial development and economic growth: Additional evidence 
Abstract:
  This note suggests that, contrary to the conclusions reached in several
 recent studies, the empirical evidence does not support the view that
 financial development promotes economic growth. It is first noted that the
 predominant pattern in the data for 95 individual countries is that of a
 negligible or weakly negative covariation between financial development
 and growth of real GDP per capita. Second, the individual-country
 correlational picture is a sharp contrast to the correlations based on
 crosscountry data that have been used in most research on the subject.
 Third, individual-country estimates of a basic multiple-regression growth
 model also do not indicate a positive association between financial
 development and growth. Fourth, in cross-country data and models of the
 kind that have been used in most studies, when the regression structure is
 permitted to vary across three subgroups, a huge parametric heterogeneity
 is observed, and the overall indication is that of a negligible or
 negative association between financial development and growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-174 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422585 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422585  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Satish Agnihotri 
Author-X-Name-First: Satish 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agnihotri 
Title: Inferring gender bias from mortality data: A discussion note 
Abstract:
  In a recent issue of this journal, Klasen [1996] and Svedberg [1990,
 1996] have expressed diverging opinions on the nature of gender bias in
 sub-Saharan Africa. The divergence arises partly out of the choice of
 indicators and partly out of the choice of standards. It is possible,
 however, to infer the existence of such bias without using referents from
 some external 'standard' population. Such an approach, using the infant
 and the under-five mortality data by sex and the data on sex ratios in the
 0-4 and 5-9 age groups from the Indian population census of 1981, is
 described below. It is suggested that this type of approach will be useful
 in resolving the above debate. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 175-200 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422586 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422586  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Dunning 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunning 
Author-Name: Christopher Tsoukis 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsoukis 
Author-Name: Sarah Atkinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkinson 
Author-Name: Laura Tedesco 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tedesco 
Author-Name: John MacArthur 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: MacArthur 
Author-Name: Michael Parnwell 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parnwell 
Author-Name: Joseph Mullen 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mullen 
Author-Name: Donna Pankhurst 
Author-X-Name-First: Donna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pankhurst 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Transnational Corporations and the Global Economy. Edited by Richard
 Kozul-Wright and Robert Rowthorn. Basingstoke: Macmillan (for United
 Nations University and World Institute for Development Economics
 Research), 1998. Pp.448. &#xa3;55. ISBN 0 333 68957 7 The New Global
 Economy and Developing Countries: Making Openness Work. By Dani Rodrik.
 Washington, DC: Overseas Development Council, 1999. Pp.x + 168. $13.95.
 ISBN 1 56517 027 X Information, Management and Participation: A New
 Approach from Public Health in Brazil. By Francesco Notarbartolo Di
 Villarosa London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 1998. Pp.xxiii + 145.
 &#xa3;19.50/$24.50. ISBN 0 7146 4353 X Informal Politics: Street Vendors
 and the State in Mexico City. By John Cross. Stanford, CA: Stanford
 University Press, 1998. Pp.x + 272. &#xa3;35 and &#xa3;11.95. ISBN 08047
 3060 1 and 3062 8 Evaluation Frameworks for Development Programmes and
 Projects. By R. Dale. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1998. Pp.151. &#xa3;25
 and &#xa3;11.99. ISBN 0 7619 9239 1 and 9240 5 Tourism, Development and
 Growth: The Challenge of Sustainability. Edited by Salah Wahab and John J.
 Pigram. London: Routledge, 1997. Pp.320. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;15.99. ISBN 0
 415 16001 4 and 16002 2 Tourism and Economic Development in Asia and
 Australasia. Edited by Frank M. Go and Carson L. Jenkins. London: Cassell,
 1997. Pp.384. &#xa3;60 and &#xa3;18.99. ISBN 1 85567 417 3 and 567 6
 Tourism and Sustainability: New Tourism in the Third World. By Martin
 Mowforth and Ian Munt. London: Routledge, 1997. Pp.384. &#xa3;50 and
 &#xa3;16.99. ISBN 0 415 13763 2 and 13764 0 Sustainable Rural Development
 By Andrew Shepherd.Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998. Pp.304. &#xa3;40 and
 &#xa3;12.99. ISBN 0333 66484 1 and 66485 X Collaboration in International
 Rural Development: A Practitioner's Handbook. By George H. Axinn and Nancy
 W. Axinn. London and New Delhi: Sage, 1997. Pp.336. &#xa3;27.50 and
 &#xa3;13. ISBN 0761 99200 6 and 92014 Learning from Somalia: The Lessons
 of Armed Humanitarian Intervention. Edited by Walter Clarke and Jeffrey
 Herbst. Oxford: Westview, 1997. Pp.xi + 276. &#xa3;11.95 and &#xa3;41.50.
 ISBN 0 8133 2794 6 and 2793 8 Between Development and Destruction: An
 Enquiry into the Causes of Conflict in Post-Colonial States. Edited by Luc
 Van de Goor, Kumar Rupesinghe and Paul Sciarone. Basingstoke: Macmillan
 Press, 1996. Pp.xx + 376. &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 1 0333 65038 7 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 185-201 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422597 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422597  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donna Pankhurst 
Author-X-Name-First: Donna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pankhurst 
Author-Name: Jonathan Atkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkins 
Title: Book notes 
Abstract:
  Development in States of War. Edited by Deborah Eade. Oxford: Oxfam,
 1996. Pp.109. &#xa3;8.95. ISBN 0855983442 Yearbook of International
 Co-operation and Development: 1998/99. Edited by Helge Ole Bergesen, Georg
 Parmann and 0ystein B. Thommessen. London: Earthscan for The Fridtjof
 Nansen Institute, 1998. &#xa3;45. Pp.348. ISBN 1 85383 526 9 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 202-203 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422598 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422598  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Das Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica Das 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta 
Title: Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite: Exploring the role of governance in fertility decline 
Abstract:
  A secular decline in fertility has taken place across the globe within a
 short span of human history. The timing and pace of this decline
 correspond broadly with changes in socio-political institutions in
 different regions of the world, of Asia, and of India. We hypothesise that
 this shift in child-bearing behaviour is related to cognitive changes
 wrought by the replacement of deeply hierarchical socio-political
 institutions by the more egalitarian institutions of modern governance.
 These changes have enabled socio-economic mobility and enhanced people's
 ability to shape their lives, internalising more of the positive and
 negative implications of their decisions, including childbearing
 decisions. Recent work in development economics argues that polities which
 foster local accountability are the most conducive to rapid development,
 and we argue that they also foster personal efficacy and rapid fertility
 decline. If true, our hypotheses indicate that development and fertility
 decline can be expected to be associated, though not necessarily
 sequential in nature. They also indicate that some policy settings are
 likely to effect a 'win-win' situation of rapid development and fertility
 decline, while others are likely to generate the converse 'lose-lose'
 outcomes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-25 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422589 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422589  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Kenny 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kenny 
Title: Why aren't countries rich?: Weak states and bad neighbourhoods 
Abstract:
  This article challenges a common viewpoint that the policy choices made
 by state leaders are central to explanations of economic growth. It argues
 that there are two possible flaws in this viewpoint. First, that state
 leaders have a free choice in policy decisions; second, that it is
 policies that in large part determine growth rates. Using a set of
 variables designed to capture the weakness of the policy autonomy of the
 state and possible non-policy influences on growth rates, the article
 concludes that initial conditions are a better determinant of wealth and
 growth than free policy choice. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 26-47 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422590 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422590  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Weeks 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weeks 
Title: Trade liberalisation, market deregulation and agricultural performance in Central America 
Abstract:
  One frequently encounters the argument that trade liberalisation and
 deregulation of domestic markets in developing countries result in
 increased incentives for agriculture. This proposition is considered for
 the Central American countries, all of which passed through fundamental
 policy change either in the 1980s or 1990s. After characterising the
 policy regimes in each country over various periods, the analysis moves to
 an inspection of agricultural trade performance. The evidence indicates
 that liberalisation of foreign trade and deregulation of domestic markets
 has not been associated with improved agricultural performance. It is
 suggested that the failure of agriculture to respond positively to policy
 changes can be in part explained by an unfavourable trend in world prices
 of the region's major tradable commodities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 48-75 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422591 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422591  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Love 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Love 
Author-Name: Francisco Lage-Hidalgo 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lage-Hidalgo 
Title: The ownership advantage in Latin American FDI: A sectoral study of us direct investment in Mexico 
Abstract:
  This article develops a model which tests the hypothesis that sectoral
 FDI flows from the United States to Mexico over a four-year period can be
 explained by the ownership advantages of US multinationals. Theoretical
 developments in the concept of 'ownership advantage' are used to guide the
 formulation of the research. The findings suggest that direct investment
 into US MNEs' affiliates in Mexico is driven by benefits derived from
 embedded human knowledge, technology-embodied advantages, and possibly
 from scale advantages. Local R&D is negatively associated with FDI. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 76-95 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422592 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422592  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. Neil Adger 
Author-X-Name-First: W. Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adger 
Title: Exploring income inequality in rural, coastal Viet Nam 
Abstract:
  Income inequality has been rising in parallel with the economic
 liberalisation process in the former centrally planned economies. The
 opportunities for non-agricultural income associated with the market
 liberalisation process in former centrally planned economies would seem to
 be important in determining inequality within the rural sector. This
 article reviews the trends in inequality in Viet Nam examining
 differential trends and hypothesised causes. Inequality is important
 because of its relationship to other factors in the evolution of the
 agricultural economy such as the incidence of poverty and the
 sustainability of emerging income sources. This article analyses income
 inequality based on data collected by the author in two Districts in
 coastal northern Viet Nam. The results demonstrate that non-agricultural
 income sources, specifically aquaculture and wage and remittance,
 contribute more to present inequality than any other income source.
 Simulation shows that the emergence of aquaculture since the late 1980s
 has been driving the inequality increase in that period. Hence the
 analysis provides evidence that non-agricultural income increases
 inequality even without asset concentration. This concentration of income
 is important in the north Viet Nam context since it is concurrent with
 present-day land allocation and will affect the structure of future income
 growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 96-119 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422593 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422593  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hideo Akabayashi 
Author-X-Name-First: Hideo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akabayashi 
Author-Name: George Psacharopoulos 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Psacharopoulos 
Title: The trade-off between child labour and human capital formation: A Tanzanian case study 
Abstract:
  We investigate the degree to which there is a trade-off between child
 labour and human capital formation using time-log data of children from a
 Tanzanian household survey. We find that a tradeoff between hours of work
 and study exists, and hours of work tend to be more affected by social
 conditions than hours of study. Hours of work are negatively correlated to
 reading and mathematical skills through the reduction of human capital
 investment activities, indicating a trade-off between child labour and
 human capital. The results point up the complexity of the issue and the
 need for detailed time allocation data. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 120-140 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422594 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422594  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Dorward 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dorward 
Title: Farm size and productivity in Malawian smallholder agriculture 
Abstract:
  This article contributes to the limited literature on farm size and
 productivity in smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Farm survey
 data, and the results from a linear programming farm-household model,
 provide evidence for a positive relationship between farm size and
 productivity in both labour-scarce and land-scarce smallholder farming in
 Malawi during the 1980's. The absence of an inverse relationship is
 explained in terms of failures in land, capital and produce markets with
 acute capital constraints, which affect both capital and labour inputs on
 smaller farms. Implications for rural development policies are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 141-161 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422595 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422595  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonna Estudillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estudillo 
Author-Name: Manabu Fujimura 
Author-X-Name-First: Manabu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fujimura 
Author-Name: Mahabub Hossain 
Author-X-Name-First: Mahabub 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain 
Title: New rice technology and comparative advantage in rice production in the Philippines 
Abstract:
  The aim of this study is to assess the comparative advantage in rice
 production in the Philippines for the past three decades since 1966. We
 have found that the country gained sharp improvement in comparative
 advantage in rice production in 1979, when yield rose remarkably due to
 the diffusion of pest- and disease-resistant modern rice. Beginning in
 1986 however, the country appears to have slowly lost its comparative
 advantage due to the decline in rice prices, stagnation in rice yield and
 rising cost of domestic factors. By 1990, the country completely lost its
 comparative advantage in rice production. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 162-184 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422596 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422596  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Author-Name: Bart Minten 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten 
Title: Relationships and traders in Madagascar 
Abstract:
  This article documents the role that personal relationships play in
 economic exchange. Original survey data show that agricultural traders in
 Madagascar perceive relationships as the most important factor for success
 in their business. Evidence details the extent to which relationships are
 used to serve a variety of purposes such as: the circulation of
 information about prices and market conditions; the provision of trade
 credit; the prevention and handling of contractual difficulties; the
 regularity of trade flows; and the mitigation of risk. Of these, the
 regularity of supply and demand and the sharing of risk appear
 particularly important. Larger and more prosperous traders are those with
 quantitatively and qualitatively better relationships. Family plays little
 role in business beyond assistance at start-up. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-35 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422600 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422600  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacqueline Agesa 
Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agesa 
Author-Name: Richard Agesa 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agesa 
Title: Gender differences in the incidence of rural to urban migration: Evidence from Kenya 
Abstract:
  This article examines gender differences in the incidence of rural to
 urban migration in developing countries, particularly those of Sub-Saharan
 Africa. The study distinguishes itself from current migration literature
 by suggesting that the gain in returns to observable attributes, as a
 result of migration, may differ by gender and could provide an explanation
 for gender differences in migration. Using data from Kenya, we estimate
 the urban-to-rural wage gap, separately for each gender, and decompose the
 gap into the components due to urban to rural differences in observable
 attributes and differences in returns to observable attributes. We find
 that the portion of the wage gap that is due to the gain in returns to
 observable attributes is larger for males, suggesting that males receive
 larger monetary returns as a result of migration and, consequently, have
 greater incentive to migrate to urban areas. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 36-58 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422601 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422601  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. Amann 
Author-X-Name-First: E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amann 
Author-Name: F. I. Nixson 
Author-X-Name-First: F. I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nixson 
Title: Globalisation and the Brazilian steel industry: 1988-97 
Abstract:
  Over the course of the 1988-97 period, the Brazilian steel sector was
 subject to an unprecedented programme of trade liberalisation and
 privatisation while becoming far more open towards foreign investment and
 technology inflows. Using various indicators of competitive performance,
 it is established that the impact of this drive towards globalisation was
 broadly favourable. Productivity and the technological level of production
 processes improved while import penetration remained minimal despite the
 scale of trade liberalisation. However, these improvements have to be set
 beside the fact that the competitive performance of the sector still
 lagged behind that of major international producers and technological
 weaknesses persisted. The evolution of the sector's competitive behaviour
 can only be fully understood when pre-existent internal factors, as well
 as the externally imposed forces of globalisation are taken into account. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 59-88 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422602 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422602  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kamal Upadhyaya 
Author-X-Name-First: Kamal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Upadhyaya 
Author-Name: Mukti Upadhyay 
Author-X-Name-First: Mukti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Upadhyay 
Title: Output effects of devaluation: Evidence from Asia 
Abstract:
  We study the effect of devaluation on output in six developing countries
 of Asia. In an empirical model that includes monetary, fiscal, and
 external variables, we examine the impact of devaluation as the effect of
 real exchange depreciation and alternatively as the effect of nominal
 devaluation and changes in the foreign-to-domestic price ratio. We find
 that with few exceptions a devaluation fails to make any effect on output
 over any length of time &#x2014; short run, intermediate run or long run.
 Whatever effect on output we are able to uncover comes from the relative
 price level (the ratio of foreign to domestic prices) but not from nominal
 devaluation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 89-103 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422603 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422603  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:35:y:1999:i:6:p:89-103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shujie Yao 
Author-X-Name-First: Shujie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao 
Title: Economic growth, income inequality and poverty in china under economic reforms 
Abstract:
  China's gross domestic product (GDP) more than quadrupled between 1978
 and 1996 under economic reforms. Per capita disposable incomes more than
 tripled in the cities and almost quadrupled in the rural areas. However,
 rapid economic growth brought about large income inequality which slowed
 down poverty reduction. In 1995, there were still 70-170 million people
 living in poverty. This article aims to assess the relationship between
 economic growth, income inequality and poverty using both secondary and
 household survey data. The main findings are (1) urban/rural divide and
 spatial inequality are two major factors accounting for overall income
 inequality; (2) non-wage and non-farm incomes are more unequally
 distributed than wage and farm incomes; and (3) the incidence of poverty
 is very sensitive to the changes in per capita income and inequality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 104-130 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422604 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422604  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. Bruce Wydick 
Author-X-Name-First: W. Bruce 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wydick 
Title: Credit access, human capital and class structure mobility 
Abstract:
  This article examines the impact of microenterprise credit programmes on
 class structure mobility in developing countries. It develops a model that
 endogenously generates an eight-fold class structure. Class membership is
 determined by optimal choice of labour activity, which is a function of
 access to credit and human capital endowments. Predictions from the model
 suggest that better access to credit will foster upward class mobility
 among self-employed entrepreneurs, and that this upward class mobility
 will be accentuated among entrepreneurs with high levels of human capital.
 Theoretical predictions from the model are compared with data on class
 structure mobility collected first-hand in western Guatemala. Empirical
 results show that upward class structure mobility increases substantially
 with access to credit, and also suggest that the combined effect of innate
 entrepreneurial ability and credit access has a greater impact on upward
 class structure mobility than the interaction between formal schooling and
 credit access. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 131-152 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422605 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422605  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Minford 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minford 
Author-Name: Jonathan Riley 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riley 
Author-Name: Eric Nowell 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nowell 
Author-Name: Bruce Webb 
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webb 
Title: Trade, technology and labour markets in the world economy, 1970-90: A computable general equilibrium analysis-corrigendum and addendum 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 153-155 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422606 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422606  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emma Murphy 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy 
Author-Name: Markus Bouillon 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouillon 
Author-Name: Chris Dixon 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon 
Author-Name: Chris Bramall 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bramall 
Author-Name: Mak Arvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvin 
Author-Name: Donald Richards 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards 
Author-Name: Robert Leurs 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leurs 
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence 
Author-Name: Michael Ryan 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryan 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  The Divided Economy of Mandatory Palestine. By Jacob Metzer. Cambridge:
 Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp.xxii + 275. &#xa3;40. ISBN 0 521
 46550 8 The Political Economy of Market Reform in Jordan. By Timothy J.
 Piro. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998. Pp.xvi + 152. $54.00 and
 $19.95. ISBN 0 8476 8881 X and 8882 8 External Finance in Thailand's
 Development: An Interpretation of Thailand's Growth Boom. By Karl Jansen.
 London: Macmillan Press, 1997. Pp.301. &#xa3;55. ISBN 0 333 72115 2
 China's Political Economy. Edited by Wang Gungwu and John Wong. London:
 World Scientific, 1998. Pp.viii +373. &#xa3;21. ISBN 981 02 3428 7
 Assessing Aid: What Works, What Doesn't, and Why (A World Bank Policy
 Research Report). New York: Oxford University Press for the World Bank,
 1998. Pp.xii + 148. $30. ISBN 0 19 521123 5 How Latin America Fell Behind:
 Essays on the Economic Histories of Brazil and Mexico, 1800-1914. Edited
 by Stephen Haber. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1997. Pp.xi +
 315. $18.95. ISBN 0 8047 2738 4 Can the Poor Influence Policy?
 Participatory Poverty Assessments in the Developing World. By Carolyn M.
 Robb. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1999. Pp.xii + 128. NP. ISBN 0 8213
 4144 8 Aid and the Political Economy of Policy Change. By Tony Killick
 with Ramani Gunatilaka and Ana Marr. London and New York: Routledge for
 the Overseas Development Institute, 1998. Pp.xvi + 221. $90 and $32.99.
 ISBN 0 415 18704 4 and 18705 2 Chinese Aid and African Development:
 Exporting Green Revolution. By Deborah Brautigam. Basingstoke: Macmillan
 and New York: St Martin's Press, International Political Economy Series,
 1998. Pp.xiii +268. &#xa3;45. ISBN 0 333 71280 3 (UK); 0 333 71110 6 and 0
 312 21061 2 (North America) Flexible Automation in Developing Countries:
 The Impact of Scale and Scope and the Implications for Location of
 Production. By Ludovico Alcorta et al. London: Routledge in association
 with UNU Press, 1998. Pp.xix + 453. &#xa3;65. ISBN 0 415 19153 X 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 156-173 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 35 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422607 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422607  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Harriss-White 
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss-White 
Author-Name: Pauline Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Author-Name: Ben Rogaly 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogaly 
Author-Name: Simon Maxwell 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maxwell 
Author-Name: Ian Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Author-Name: Caroline Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Author-Name: Alasdair MacBean 
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair 
Author-X-Name-Last: MacBean 
Author-Name: Dan Brockington 
Author-X-Name-First: Dan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brockington 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Economic Development in Palanpur over Five Decades. Edited by Peter
 Lanjouw and Nicholas Stern. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1988. Pp.xxviii +
 640. &#xa3;70. ISBN 0198288328 Critical Perspectives on Schooling and
 Fertility Decline in the Developing World. Edited by Caroline H. Bledsoe,
 John B. Casterline, Jennifer A. Johnson-Kuhn and John G. Haaga.
 Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999. Pp.x + 320. &#xa3;27.95.
 ISBN 0 309 06191 1 Child Work and Education: Five Case Studies from Latin
 America. Edited by Maria Cristina Salazar and Walter Alarcon Glasinovich.
 Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 1998. Pp.xiii + 162. ISBN 1 84014 926 4 and
 976 0 The Struggle for Accountability: The World Bank, NGOs, and
 Grassroots Movements. Edited by Jonathan A. Fox and L. David Brown.
 Cambridge, MA and London: The MIT Press, 1998. Pp.xiii + 570. &#xa3;47.95
 and &#xa3;23.95. ISBN 0 262 56117 4 and 06199 6 Development and Rights:
 Negotiating Justice in Changing Societies. Edited by Christian Lund.
 London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 1999. Pp.152. &#xa3;29.50 and
 &#xa3;16. ISBN 0 7146 4941 4 and 8002 8 Refugee Health: An Approach to
 Emergency Situations. By Medecins Sans Frontieres. Basingstoke: Macmillan,
 1997. Pp.384. &#xa3;6.25. ISBN 0 333 72210 8 Globalisation and the Third
 World. Edited by Ray Kiely and Phil Marfleet. London and New York:
 Routledge, 1998. Pp.226. &#xa3;15.99. ISBN 0415 14076 5 and 14077 3 Trade
 Policy Issues in Asian Development. By Prema-chandra Athukorala. London
 and New York: Routledge, 1998. Pp.xvi + 244. &#xa3;55. ISBN 0 415 16927 5
 Roots in the African Dust: Sustaining the Drylands. By Michael Mortimore.
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp.xvii + 219. &#xa3;37.50
 (US$59.95) and &#xa3;13.95 (US$21.95). ISBN 0 521 45173 6 and 45785 8 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 162-179 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422617 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422617  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Eastwood 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eastwood 
Author-Name: Michael Lipton 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton 
Title: The impact of changes in human fertility on poverty 
Abstract:
  Household survey data for developing and transitional economies are used
 to estimate the effect of fertility (crude birth rate net of infant
 deaths) on private consumption poverty. Cross-national regressions
 indicate that higher fertility increases poverty both by retarding
 economic growth and by skewing distribution against the poor. Our median
 country in 1980 had 'dollar-a-day' poverty incidence of 18.9 per cent; had
 it reduced its fertility by four per 1,000 throughout the 1980s (the
 sample median fall), it is estimated that incidence would have been
 reduced to 13.9 per cent, the growth and distribution effects being
 roughly equally responsible for this reduction. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422609 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422609  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khaled Hussein 
Author-X-Name-First: Khaled 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hussein 
Author-Name: A. P. Thirlwall 
Author-X-Name-First: A. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirlwall 
Title: Explaining differences in the domestic savings ratio across countries: A panel data study 
Abstract:
  This article seeks to analyse the major determinants of differences in
 the domestic savings ratio between countries using panel data for 62
 countries over the period 1967&#x2014;95. A basic distinction is made
 between the determinants of the capacity to save and the willingness to
 save. The capacity to save depends primarily on the level of per capita
 income (but non-linearly) and the growth of income (the life-cycle
 hypothesis), and the empirics strongly support these hypotheses. The
 willingness to save is assumed to depend on financial variables such as
 the rate of interest, the level of financial deepening and inflation. We
 find no support for a positive interest rate effect, but strong support
 for the level of financial deepening measured by the ratio of quasi-liquid
 liabilities to GDP. Inflation exerts a mild positive effect on saving but
 soon turns negative. Total saving may also depend on tax effort, but a
 surprisingly strong negative relation is found between the ratio of tax
 revenue to GDP and the domestic savings ratio. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 31-52 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422610 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422610  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredrik Sjoholm 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjoholm 
Title: Technology gap, competition and spillovers from direct foreign investment: Evidence from establishment data 
Abstract:
  Direct foreign investment (DFI) has been argued to be an important
 channel for international technology diffusion. This has led to extensive
 liberalisation of DFI regimes in many developing countries, including in
 Indonesia. Using detailed micro-data from the Indonesian manufacturing
 sector, we examine the effect on productivity from DFI. The results show
 DFI to benefit locally-owned establishments, but the effect differs
 between groups of industries. Spillovers from DFI are found in sectors
 with a high degree of competition. Moreover, it seems that the larger the
 technology gap between domestic and foreign establishments, the larger the
 spillovers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 53-73 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422611 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422611  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: Truth, trust and market transactions: What do we know? 
Abstract:
  John Humphrey and Hubert Schmitz have recently made an important
 contribution to the literature on trust and economic transactions between
 firms. Unfortunately, the evidence that high levels of societal trust
 contribute significantly to economic growth is far less reliable than they
 suggest. We need more research &#x2014; but research informed by greater
 conceptual clarity about trust and the institutional arrangements that
 contribute to trust. The framework presented here for conceptualising the
 various sources of trust should help guide empirical research. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 74-88 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422612 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422612  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:74-88




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecile Jackson 
Author-X-Name-First: Cecile 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson 
Title: Men's work, masculinities and gender divisions of labour 
Abstract:
  Gender analysis with an explicit focus on men and masculinities has yet
 to be applied to many developing country contexts or to issues of gender
 divisions of labour. This article explores the shape that such analyses
 might take, arguing for a greater conceptual emphasis, in studies of
 gender divisions of labour, on embodied subjectivities, on agency and on
 the complexity of gender domination, and for further methodological
 critique of definitions and measurement of work. Through a discussion of
 mainly south Asian examples it is suggested that specific groups of men
 experience well-being threats as a consequence of high work intensity. It
 is also proposed that we gain a better understanding of gender divisions
 of labour, including how women might make use of codes of manliness,
 through greater analytical attention to men's work and masculinities,
 since women's investments in subject positions, and agency, develops in
 relation to men's. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 89-108 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422613 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422613  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:89-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francis Teal 
Author-X-Name-First: Francis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teal 
Title: The Ghanaian manufacturing sector 1991-95: Firm growth, productivity and convergence 
Abstract:
  The removal of high levels of protection combined with substantial real
 devaluations have changed the environment in which Ghanaian manufacturing
 firms have operated in the 1990s. The changes in output, composition and
 productivity, which have occurred over this period, are examined in this
 article. Survey evidence for the growth of the sector is shown to be
 consistent with data from sales tax returns. Analysis of the panel survey
 shows that, in a comparative context, the rate of job creation in Ghana's
 manufacturing sector is high. This rate is highest in medium-sized firms;
 small firms have not grown more rapidly than larger firms. There has been
 no underlying growth in technical efficiency and output growth has been
 matched by a commensurate growth in labour and capital inputs. Labour
 productivity differs substantially by firm size due primarily to
 differences in physical, not human, capital endowments. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 109-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422614 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422614  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:109-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gibbon 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbon 
Title: Free competition without sustainable development? Tanzanian cotton sector liberalisation, 1994/95 to 1997/98 
Abstract:
  This article summarises the results of fieldwork carried out in 1997/8
 season on post-liberalisation changes in the Tanzanian cotton sector.
 Developments in primary marketing, ginning and the export trade are
 reviewed on the basis of survey material. Market entry by private
 companies has been high, leading to considerable competition and slight
 increases in producers' share of the world price. But real producer price
 and cultivation increases have not been sustained. Following changes in
 the input supply system, insecticide use has fallen sharply, along with
 the quality and underlying international price of the cotton crop.
 Tanzania's place in the world market has been re-defined as a producer for
 a specific time-based 'market window'. This places a question mark over
 the sustainability of the sector's future, and by inference over policy
 reforms whose main emphasis is to increase competition. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 128-150 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422615 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422615  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lyla Mehta 
Author-X-Name-First: Lyla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehta 
Title: From darkness to light? Critical reflections on the world development report 1998/99 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 151-161 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422616 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422616  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjan de Haan 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan 
Title: Livelihoods and poverty: The role of migration - a critical review of the migration literature 
Abstract:
  This review of the literature concludes that development studies have
 paid insufficient attention to labour migration, and makes a plea to
 integrate analyses of migration within those of agricultural and rural
 development. It emphasises that population mobility is much more common
 than is often assumed, and that this has been so throughout human history.
 In fact, available material suggests that it is as likely that population
 mobility has decreased as that it has increased. A review of empirical
 studies shows that it may not be possible to generalise about the
 characteristics of migrants, or about the effects of migration on broader
 development, inequality or poverty. The review concludes that, given the
 importance of migration for the rural livelihoods of many people, policies
 should be supportive of population mobility, and possibilities should be
 explored to enhance the positive effects of migration. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-47 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422619 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422619  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Kees van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Donge 
Author-Name: Levi Pherani 
Author-X-Name-First: Levi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pherani 
Title: Law and order as a development issue: Land conflicts and the creation of social order in Southern Malawi 
Abstract:
  Registration of individual title to land in order to create legal
 security has been the central concern in the rich literature on land and
 law in Africa. The problem of legal insecurity is approached here from a
 different angle which has received relatively less attention: dispute
 settlement. The article results from the observation of land disputes in
 local political arenas. It portrays a local legal cultural universe in
 which legal insecurity arises especially from legal situations stressing
 group consensus. It appears that people who are accused of witchcraft and
 groups which are said not to belong are particularly vulnerable in such a
 legal culture. The conclusion argues that this case material reveals
 connections between law, land and the creation of social order which may
 throw light on many other situations. It pleads for more attention to be
 paid to the development of jurisprudence in attempts to create legal
 security. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 48-70 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422620 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422620  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vijaya Ramachandran 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijaya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramachandran 
Author-Name: Manju Kedia Shah 
Author-X-Name-First: Manju Kedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah 
Title: Minority entrepreneurs and firm performance in sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  This study focuses on the role of entrepreneurs in the private sector in
 sub-Saharan Africa. Using data from the Regional Program on Enterprise
 Development (RPED) and controlling for various factors, our analysis
 compares growth rates of indigenously owned African firms with firms owned
 by entrepreneurs of Asian or European descent, in Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
 and Tanzania. We find that after controlling for firm size and age,
 various entrepreneurial characteristics, and sector and country
 differences, minority (or non-indigenous) entrepreneur firms start out
 larger and grow significantly faster than indigenously-owned African
 firms. Our results are consistent with theories that argue that
 informational and financial networks created by minority entrepreneurs
 provide access to credit, information, and technology for members of these
 networks. We also find that within indigenously-owned African firms,
 entrepreneurs with secondary and/or university education realise a higher
 rate of growth; access to education presumably enables indigenous African
 entrepreneurs to develop managerial skills that serve as a substitute for
 the informational and financial networks created by minority
 entrepreneurs. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 71-87 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422621 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422621  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Mushinski 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mushinski 
Title: An analysis of offer functions of banks and credit unions in Guatemala 
Abstract:
  Economists have sought to identify institutions which might fill the gap
 in household access to credit arising from rationing by formal lenders.
 Credit unions have been identified as institutions which might use
 informational and monitoring advantages to fill that gap. Using
 information on household perceptions of their access to credit, this
 article analyses the impact of certain credit unions on the access to
 credit of households in Guatemala. Regression results indicate that credit
 unions serve markets unserved by formal lenders and that information on
 household perceptions of their access to credit is important in making
 inferences about lender lending activities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 88-112 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422622 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422622  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. G. Balcombe 
Author-X-Name-First: K. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balcombe 
Author-Name: L. E. D. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: L. E. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Refining the use of Monte Carlo techniques for risk analysis in project planning 
Abstract:
  Monte Carlo approaches to risk analysis in project appraisal are
 re-examined. Limitations with conventional methods are identified, and
 refinements suggested that deal with increasing uncertainty about
 variables throughout the project life, along with correlations and cycles
 among variables. These are illustrated with an example. Emphasis is placed
 on a practical approach that minimises demands on the appraiser's prior
 knowledge. Modelling the objective function of an investment appraisal
 autoregressively enables complete distributional mapping of project
 outcome, given specification by the appraiser of 'likely bounds' for the
 value of key parameters in the first and last periods of the project life
 plus an approximate correlation matrix. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 113-135 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422623 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422623  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Servaas Storm 
Author-X-Name-First: Servaas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Storm 
Title: Foodgrain price stabilisation in an open economy: A CGE analysis of variable trade levies for India 
Abstract:
  Within the present multilateral trading system, the developing countries
 are obliged to gradually open up their agricultural sector to world
 markets. As a result of this, the effectiveness of conventional
 instruments of food price stabilisation will be greatly reduced. How then
 is food price stability to be maintained in a liberalised open economy?
 This article presents a general-equilibrium evaluation of using variable
 trade levies on agricultural trade to stabilise foodgrain prices in
 response to exogenous shocks. This is done for the Indian economy with the
 help of a multi-period computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, focused
 on agriculture and income distribution. The model is used to analyse the
 sensitivity of the economy's growth, income distribution and food security
 to external and internal shocks under varying degrees of trade openness.
 The results show that both shocks are distributionally regressive and,
 with external shocks, become more so, the more open the economy is.
 WTO-consistent variable levies on agricultural trade are found effective
 in stabilising prices, checking real wage erosion and containing
 regressive distributional effects. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 136-159 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 36 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389908422624 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220389908422624  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louis Putterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Louis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putterman 
Title: Can an evolutionary approach to development predict post-war economic growth? 
Abstract:
  Might differences in levels of development prior to the era of
 industrialisation explain some of the dramatic differences in rates of
 economic growth across developing countries in recent decades? This
 article explores the logic behind such a conjecture, and presents evidence
 that it is true, using population and agrarian densities as proxies for
 early development. Basic growth regressions are estimated for a sample of
 developing countries in 1960-90, and for provinces in one country, China,
 in 1978-92. The robustness of the results to the inclusion of other
 measures, including ethnic heterogeneity and 'social capability', is also
 shown. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422626 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422626  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Title: Aid instability as a measure of uncertainty and the positive impact of aid on growth 
Abstract:
  This article contributes to the literature on aid and economic growth. We
 posit that uncertainty, measured as the instability of aid receipts, will
 influence the relationship between aid and investment, how recipient
 governments respond to aid, and will capture the fact that some countries
 are especially vulnerable to shocks. When we account for uncertainty
 (which is negative and significant), we find that aid has a significant
 positive effect on growth, largely due to its effect on the volume of
 investment. The finding that uncertainty of aid receipts reduces the
 effectiveness of aid is robust. When the regression is estimated for the
 sub-sample of African countries these findings hold, although the
 effectiveness of aid appears weaker than for the full sample. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 31-49 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422627 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422627  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Stewart 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart 
Author-Name: David Guilkey 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guilkey 
Title: Estimating the health impact of industry infant food marketing practices in the Philippines 
Abstract:
  The decline in the prevalence and duration of breast-feeding in less
 developed countries and the accompanying increase in bottle feeding is a
 concern. Little research has been done tracing the links from infant food
 marketing to infant and child health outcomes. In this study, Philippine
 mothers' feeding decisions and infantile diarrhoeal morbidity rates are
 modelled and jointly estimated using semiparametric estimation methods.
 The data clearly support the hypothesis that infant feeding practices are
 important determinants of diarrhoeal morbidity and that breast-feeding
 reduces the incidence of diarrhoea. Our results also show that marketing
 activities have affected infant feeding choices. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 50-77 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422628 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422628  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mauricio Mesquita Moreira 
Author-X-Name-First: Mauricio Mesquita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreira 
Author-Name: Sheila Najberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Najberg 
Title: Trade liberalisation in Brazil: Creating or exporting jobs? 
Abstract:
  Using the growth accounting and factor content approaches, this article
 looks at the impact of trade liberalisation on the structure and level of
 employment in Brazil over the 1990-97 period. The results support the
 argument that trade liberalisation in developing countries have a negative
 short-term impact on employment &#x2014; relatively small in Brazil's case
 - which tends to be outweighed, in the long run, by a more
 labour-intensive output mix. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 78-99 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422629 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422629  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiao-Yuan Dong 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao-Yuan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong 
Title: Public investment, social services and productivity of Chinese household farms 
Abstract:
  This article examines the impact of village-sponsored infrastructural
 investment and social services on the productivity of Chinese farm
 households, using detailed farm-level data for the period 1986-90. The
 main findings are that the public facilities and services provided by
 village collectives augmented productivity growth of farm households, and
 that the expenditures on public good activities in the sample villages
 were below the optimal level. The problems of under-investment in public
 projects were particularly acute in low-income villages. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 100-122 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422630 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422630  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Micheline Goedhuys 
Author-X-Name-First: Micheline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goedhuys 
Author-Name: Leo Sleuwaegen 
Author-X-Name-First: Leo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sleuwaegen 
Title: Entrepreneurship and growth of entrepreneurial firms in cote d'Ivoire 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the determinants of individuals' choice for
 self-employment and entrepreneurial success in Cote d'Ivoire.
 Entrepreneurial activity is found to be undertaken by individuals who
 succeed in increasing their entrepreneurial abilities and reducing the
 risk of starting a business through a learning process that takes place
 through ageing, professional experience, and apprenticeship or,
 alternatively, formal education. The learning process takes place both
 before and after entry into the industry, as firms grow into a larger
 size. However, financial constraints continue to play a major restraining
 role for entrepreneurship and firm growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 123-145 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422631 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422631  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karl Lundvall 
Author-X-Name-First: Karl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundvall 
Author-Name: George Battese 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Battese 
Title: Firm size, age and efficiency: Evidence from Kenyan manufacturing firms 
Abstract:
  Translog stochastic frontier production functions are estimated using an
 unbalanced panel of 235 Kenyan manufacturing firms in the food, wood,
 textile and metal sectors. The sectors are estimated individually in order
 to investigate whether technical efficiency is systematically related to
 the size and age of firms. The evidence suggests that firm size has a
 positive and significant effect in the wood and textile sectors. The age
 effect is less systematic, but is insignificant in all sectors, except
 textiles. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 146-163 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422632 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422632  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Author-Name: Simon Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Gurharpal Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Gurharpal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Author-Name: Mak Arvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvin 
Author-Name: Jonathan Perraton 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perraton 
Author-Name: W. Neil Adger 
Author-X-Name-First: W. Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adger 
Author-Name: David Colman 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colman 
Author-Name: Ian Gough 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gough 
Author-Name: Jeremy Gould 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gould 
Author-Name: Frank Pieke 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pieke 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Poverty, Progress and Exclusion: an Economic History of Latin America in
 the Twentieth Century. By Rosemary Thorp. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins
 University Press for the Inter-American Development Bank and the European
 Union, 1998. Pp.xiv + 369. &#xa3;20.50. ISBN 1 886938 35 0 Economic
 Dynamism in the Asia-Pacific: The Growth of Integration and
 Competitiveness. Edited by Graham Thompson.London: Routledge, 1998.
 Pp.402. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;14.99. ISBN 0 415 17273 X and 17274 8 India and
 Pakistan: The First Fifty Years. Edited by Selig S. Harrison, Paul H.
 Kreisberg, and Dennis Kux. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
 Pp.xii + 217. &#xa3;32.50 and &#xa3;10.95. ISBN 0 521 64185 3 and 64585 9
 Agencies in Foreign Aid: Comparing China, Sweden and the United States in
 Tanzania. Edited by Goran Hyden and Rwekaza Mukandala. New York: St.
 Martin's Press, 1999. Pp.ix + 246. $69.95. ISBN 0 312 22098 7 Market
 Integration, Regionalism and the Global Economy. Edited by Richard E.
 Baldwin, Daniel Cohen, Andre Sapir and Anthony Venables. Cambridge:
 Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xix + 344. &#xa3;45 and &#xa3;16.95.
 ISBN 0 521 64589 1 and 0 521 64181 0 Instruments of Change: Motivating and
 Financing Sustainable Development. By Theodore Panayotou. Earthscan in
 association with the United Nations Environment Programme, 1998. Pp.240.
 &#xa3;19.95. ISBN 1 85383 467 X Famine in Africa: Causes, Responses and
 Prevention. By Joachim von Braun, Tesfaye Teklu and Patrick Webb.
 Baltimore, MD and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
 Pp.xvii + 218. &#xa3;32.50. ISBN 0 8018 6121 7 The East Asian Welfare
 Model: Welfare Orientalism and the State. Edited by Roger Goodman, Gordon
 White and Huck-ju Kwon. London and New York: Routledge, 1998. Pp.206.
 &#xa3;17.99. ISBN 0 415 17211 X Critical Development Theory: Contributions
 to a New Paradigm. Edited by Ronaldo Munck and Denis O'Hearn. London and
 New York: Zed Books, 1999. Pp.xx + 217. &#xa3;39.95 and &#xa3;22.50. ISBN
 1 85649 637 6 and 638 4 Streetlife China: Transforming Culture, Rights and
 Markets. By Michael Dutton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
 Pp.xvi + 304. &#xa3;13.95 (US$19.95) and &#xa3;37.50 (US$54.95). ISBN 0
 521 63719 8 and 63141 6 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-178 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422633 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422633  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten 
Author-Name: Paul Collier 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collier 
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon 
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Author-Name: Bernard Gauthier 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gauthier 
Author-Name: Jan Willem Gunning 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunning 
Author-Name: Abena Oduro 
Author-X-Name-First: Abena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oduro 
Author-Name: Remco Oostendorp 
Author-X-Name-First: Remco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oostendorp 
Author-Name: Cathy Patillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Cathy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patillo 
Author-Name: M&#xe5;ns Soderbom 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xe5;ns 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soderbom 
Author-Name: Francis Teal 
Author-X-Name-First: Francis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teal 
Author-Name: Albert Zeufack 
Author-X-Name-First: Albert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeufack 
Title: Contract flexibility and dispute resolution in African manufacturing 
Abstract:
  This article examines the contractual practices of African manufacturing
 firms using survey data collected in Burundi, Cameroon, Cote d'lvoire,
 Kenya, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Descriptive statistics and econometric
 results are presented. They show that contractual flexibility is pervasive
 and that relational contracting is the norm between manufacturers, their
 suppliers, and their clients. The existence of long-term relations between
 firms helps them deal with contract non-performance through negotiation.
 Confrontational methods such as lawyers and courts are used only by large
 firms and when negotiations fail. Whenever confrontation can be avoided,
 business is resumed. Of the six studied countries, incidence of breach and
 the use of lawyers and courts are highest in Zimbabwe which is also the
 country with legal institutions that best support business. Our favoured
 interpretation is that good legal institutions incite firms to take more
 chances, thereby encouraging trade and leading to more cases of breach and
 more recourse to courts and lawyers. A high frequency of contract
 non-compliance should thus not be interpreted as a sign of imperfect legal
 institutions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-37 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422635 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422635  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruce Morley 
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morley 
Author-Name: Nicholas Perdikis 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perdikis 
Title: Trade liberalisation, government expenditure and economic growth in Egypt 
Abstract:
  This article investigates the combined effects of growth in government
 expenditure, exports, investment and labour supply on economic growth in
 Egypt between 1955 and 1996. Using cointegration and error correction
 models, the article finds a long-run relationship between the variables,
 but less evidence of one in the short run. To account for the important
 policy reforms in 1974 and 1991, dummy variables are added which show the
 reforms have significantly affected the relationship between government
 expenditure and growth in a positive direction, but have had a negative
 effect on exports and growth. This conclusion is further supported by the
 time-varying coefficient analysis. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 38-54 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422636 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422636  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolph Van Der Hoeven 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Hoeven 
Author-Name: Lance Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: Lance 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Introduction: Structural adjustment, labour markets and employment: Some considerations for sensible people 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 57-65 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422637 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422637  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ute Pieper 
Author-X-Name-First: Ute 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pieper 
Title: Deindustrialisation and the social and economic sustainability nexus in developing countries: Cross-country evidence on productivity and employment 
Abstract:
  In an empirical investigation of the interactions between industrial
 structure and macro outcomes, an accounting framework was applied to
 relate changes in sectoral employment and output compositions to changes
 in overall productivity growth over time. The numerical results were
 interpreted using a taxonomy describing industrialisation and
 deindustrialisation in developing countries. The findings suggest that, in
 particular, industrial performance correlates with the overall performance
 of an economy, and therefore is the key sector in explaining the
 sustainability of different regional patterns in overall productivity and
 employment growth. That is, negative rates of productivity growth in the
 industrial sector are strongly associated with negative productivity
 growth for the economy as a whole, and vice versa. Further, slow
 industrial growth may lead to low road development, in which productivity
 growth trades off with employment growth, while high road development is
 defined as simultaneously expanding employment and overall productivity
 growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 66-99 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422638 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422638  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:4:p:66-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaime Ros 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaime 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ros 
Title: Employment, structural adjustment and sustainable growth in Mexico 
Abstract:
  The impact of slow growth since the early 1980s on the Mexican labour
 market is analysed by comparing Mexico's employment performance to that of
 other OECD countries through three different components, that is, the
 labour force participation ratio, occupational structure and output per
 worker. The 'old' employment components of Mexico's development problem
 &#x2014; low participation ratios and a high employment share of
 agriculture &#x2014; have remained, to which is added a new employment
 problem in the form of a massive increase in underemployment in the
 tertiary sectors of the economy driving down wages for a large part of the
 population. This article raises two sets of questions. First, given the
 current employment problems and the prospective expansion of the labour
 force, what are the output and employment growth rates, and the related
 pattern of structural change, required to prevent a worsening of
 underemployment and income distribution? Second, given Mexico's debt
 problems since the early 1980s, what is the output growth rate that would
 make the path of the debt-output ratio sustainable over time? And how do
 these growth prospects compare to the investment and external finance
 requirements associated to a socially necessary growth rate? 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 100-119 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422639 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422639  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:4:p:100-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Amadeo 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amadeo 
Author-Name: Valeria Pero 
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pero 
Title: Adjustment, stabilisation and the structure of employment in Brazil 
Abstract:
  A significant change in the structure of employment in Brazil in the
 period 1988-95 took place. Industrial employment fell, especially in the
 most traditional sectors such as clothing, textiles and footwear. There
 has been a shift of workers from the industrial sector to the services
 sector and an increase in the share of self-employed workers and informal
 wage earners. The quality of jobs being created in the services sector are
 not of the same 'quality' as those in the industrial sector, leading to a
 deterioration of employment conditions and of the labour market
 performance. Hence the rate of unemployment is not a very good measure of
 labour market conditions during adjustment. The creation of jobs in
 general might therefore not be an explicit target under adjustment. Rather
 the objective should be trying to change labour market institutions in
 order to improve the quality of the jobs and the quality of the labour
 relations. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 120-148 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422640 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422640  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:4:p:120-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Lim 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lim 
Author-Name: Manuel Montes 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montes 
Title: The structure of employment and structural adjustment in the Philippines 
Abstract:
  Growth in the 1970s seemed, at that time, to have brought the Philippines
 to a rather high equilibrium growth path. But the foreign debt and
 political crisis in the early and mid-1980s had brought the economy down
 to a lower equilibrium path. The recovery years (1987 to 1990) did not
 prove to be sustainable, given the extreme debt overhang, so that the
 economy retreated once again to the lower equilibrium path in the early
 1990s. Significant debt reduction schemes and the new inflows (remittances
 of overseas workers and rising foreign investments) allowed a new growth
 trend. Whether sufficient growth can be maintained in the medium and long
 term will depend to a large part on uncontrollable external conditions.
 Significant improvements in trade and industrial policies are needed so
 that external deficits and imports will finance those sectors that allow
 for creation of high quality employment. Policy will have to shift
 resources away from the trade, real estate and other service sectors to
 strong tradeable manufactures. If the Philippines cannot get out of the
 boom&#x2014;bust cycle, labour productivity in the medium and long term
 will stagnate and the share of those employed in the total labour force
 will remain stable, leading to stagnating employment opportunities and
 worsening income distribution. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 149-181 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422641 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422641  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Kiely 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiely 
Author-Name: Ana Marr 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marr 
Author-Name: Helen Hintjens 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hintjens 
Author-Name: Ruhi Saith 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saith 
Author-Name: Keshab Bhattarai 
Author-X-Name-First: Keshab 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattarai 
Author-Name: Kunibert Raffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Kunibert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raffer 
Author-Name: Robert Read 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Read 
Author-Name: Sarah Radcliffe 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Radcliffe 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture. By David Held,
 Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton. Cambridge: Polity,
 1999. Pp.xxiii + 515. &#xa3;59.50 and &#xa3;16.99. ISBN 0 7456 1498 1 and
 1499 X Housing and Finance in Developing Countries. Edited by Kavita Datta
 and Gareth A. Jones. London and New York: Routledge, 1999. Pp.xxiii + 270.
 &#xa3;50. ISBN 0 415 17242 X Comprehending and Mastering African
 Conflicts: The Search for Sustainable Peace and Good Governance. Edited by
 Adebayo Adedeji. London and New York: Zed Books, in association with
 African Centre for Development and Strategic Studies (Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria),
 1999. Pp.xxii + 384. &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;16.95. ISBN 1 85649 762 3 and 763
 1 Income Poverty and Beyond: Human Development in India. Edited by Raja J.
 Chelliah and R. Sudarshan. New Delhi: Social Science Press, 1999. Pp.xxvi
 + 221. Rs 395. ISBN 81 87358 00 9 Fiscal Decentralisation in Developing
 Countries. Edited by Richard M. Bird and Francois Vaillancourt. Cambridge:
 Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp.xiv + 304. &#xa3;37.50 (US$59.95).
 ISBN 0 521 64143 8 The Future of Development Assistance: Common Pools and
 International Public Goods. By Ravi Kanbur and Todd Sandier with Kevin M.
 Morrison. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press, 1999. ODC Policy Essay
 No.25. Pp.x + 106. $34.95/&#xa3;10.50. ISBN 1 56517 026 1 The Global
 Crisis in Foreign Aid. Edited by Richard Grant and Jan Nijman. Syracuse,
 NY: Syracuse University Press, 1998. Pp.xxiv + 224. $34.95. ISBN 0 8156
 2771 8 Economic Development. By Michael P. Todaro. Harlow: Addison Wesley
 Longman, 2000. Seventh Edition. Pp.xxvi + 783. &#xa3;24.99 (paperback).
 ISBN 0 201 64858 X Growth and Development: With Special Reference to
 Developing Economies. By A.P. Thirlwall. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press,
 1999. Sixth Edition. Pp.xvii + 521. &#xa3;62.50 and &#xa3;21.99. ISBN 0
 333 74678 3 and 74679 1 Economics of Development. By Malcolm Gillis,
 Dwight H. Perkins, Michael Roemer and Donald R. Snodgrass. London: W.W.
 Norton, 1996. Fourth Edition. Pp.xvi + 604. &#xa3;23.95 (paperback). ISBN
 0 393 96957 6 A Finger in the Wound: Body Politics in Quincentennial
 Guatemala. By Diane M. Nelson. Berkeley CA: University of California
 Press, 1999. $55.00 and $22.00. Pp.xvii + 450. ISBN 0 520 21284 3 and
 21285 1 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 182-198 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422642 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422642  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:4:p:182-198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. S. Butler 
Author-X-Name-First: J. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Butler 
Author-Name: Andrew Horowitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horowitz 
Title: Labour supply and wages among nuclear and extended households: The Surinamese experiment 
Abstract:
  This article explores labour market behaviour of members of extended and
 nuclear households in Suriname. Previous analyses have found that
 co-operative childcare opportunities within the extended household
 increase female labour force participation. Such coordination implies
 correlated participation decisions, which invalidates standard assumptions
 made in estimating participation with probits and wages with regressions.
 We employ a GMM estimation, which allows correlation among household
 members. We find that extended and nuclear household members are not
 significantly different in participation propensities, but do differ
 significantly in wages. We argue that greater home production
 opportunities in extended households dilute labour market effort and
 hours, reducing earnings. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-29 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422644 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422644  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. B. Anand 
Author-X-Name-First: P. B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anand 
Title: Co-operation and the urban environment: An exploration 
Abstract:
  Many urban environmental problems (such as littering of streets) arise
 from the open access character of the resource concerned and can be
 analysed in the framework of co-operation. Studies in the context of rural
 commons have indicated that though seeming to be violating a narrow
 definition of rationality, people do cooperate. This paper attempts to
 explore some issues in the context of the urban environment, focusing on
 solid waste management in Madras, India, and a co-operation based
 institution called Exnora. A number of hypotheses on the conditions
 affecting co-operation are examined. While group size may be relevant for
 costs, it does not have any impact on co-operation. The management style
 of committees and economies of scope seem to be important. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 30-58 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422645 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422645  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:5:p:30-58




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Houtzager 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Houtzager 
Title: Social movements amidst democratic transitions: Lessons from the Brazilian countryside 
Abstract:
  Democratic transitions represent unique opportunities in which movements
 of the poor can coalesce, place their demands on the national agenda, and
 institutionalise their access to authoritative decision-making centres.
 The opportunities and constraints movements of the poor face during
 transitions, however, remain little understood and under-theorised. This
 study develops an analytic approach that links national-level
 democratisation processes to the local-level movement dynamics that make
 collective action possible, particularly the creation and reproduction of
 collective identities and organisational structures. The approach
 theorises how changing elite alliance patterns during transition cycles,
 and redefinition of institutional linkages that bind state and society,
 shape the opportunities and constraints movements face at successive
 stages of democratic transitions. The utility of this approach is
 demonstrated by examining the new unionism in rural Brazil, in that
 country's democratic transition during the 1980s. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 59-88 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422646 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422646  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:5:p:59-88




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prema-Chandra Athukorala 
Author-X-Name-First: Prema-Chandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Athukorala 
Title: Manufactured exports and terms of trade of developing countries: Evidence from Sri Lanka 
Abstract:
  Terms of trade implications of diversification into manufactured exports
 in a traditional primary-exporting country are examined in the light of
 the Sri Lankan experience over the past two decades. The empirical
 analysis focuses on trends in both commodity and income terms of trade,
 employing a methodology which takes care of the 'spurious regression'
 problem. The results suggest that, contrary to the 'new' terms of trade
 pessimism, export diversification has brought about significant terms of
 trade gains for the Sri Lankan economy. Overall, the study casts doubt on
 the robustness of results coming from analyses of price trends in
 aggregate manufactured exports and calls for systematic time-profile
 analyses of the countries which have achieved significant export
 diversification in order to inform the policy debate. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 89-104 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422647 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422647  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:5:p:89-104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trond Vedeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Trond 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vedeld 
Title: Village politics: Heterogeneity, leadership and collective action 
Abstract:
  When comparing stratified Fulani village societies, little direct
 relationship between the degree of heterogeneity and the success in
 collective action was found, except when heterogeneity among leadership
 and elite groups was compared. Small size and homogeneous groups do not
 seem to be general preconditions for stronger ability to perform
 collectively. First, it was found that homogeneity among elite groups
 enhanced capacity for collective action. Second, it was when heterogeneity
 in economic interests between elite groups intensified and coincided with
 other dimensions of heterogeneity that collective action became difficult
 to achieve, such as heterogeneity in economic wealth, access to land and
 common-pool resources, and agreement over authority of the leadership.
 Third, collective action was enhanced by political elites and leaders
 being a bit better endowed and a bit wealthier than the average community
 members, but not when their assets were mobilised against the economic
 interests and sense of fairness of other social groups. Fourth, the
 coordination power of the leadership related to the management of
 common-pool resources was undermined when leadership had extensive
 recourse to state officials external to the village community,
 underscoring the importance of autonomy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 105-134 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422648 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422648  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:5:p:105-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lukas Menkhoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Lukas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menkhoff 
Title: Bad banking in Thailand? An empirical analysis of macro indicators 
Abstract:
  It appears to be common wisdom that the basic cause of Thailand's crisis
 is its extraordinarily weak financial institutions. The article questions
 this proposition from an empirical viewpoint. It is well established that
 the long-term performance of Thailand's financial system is favourable.
 The insight from moral hazard indicators is unexpected regarding the bad
 banking proposition, although not compelling. Finally, the liberalisation
 process produced inadequately addressed risks. However, this also applies
 to experienced and well-regulated foreign banks. It is argued that the
 facts provided can be better explained in a framework of system change
 than by bad banking in Thailand. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 135-168 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422649 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422649  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:5:p:135-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Devereux 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Devereux 
Author-Name: David Preston 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Preston 
Author-Name: Jan Kees Van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Donge 
Author-Name: Simon Vicary 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vicary 
Author-Name: Mak Arvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvin 
Author-Name: Marcus Power 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Power 
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Land, Labour and Livelihoods in Rural South Africa: Volume One: Western
 Cape. Edited by Michael Lipton, Mike de Klerk and Merle Lipton. Durban:
 Indicator Press, 1996. Pp.496. ISBN 1 86840 234 7 Land, Labour and
 Livelihoods in Rural South Africa: Volume Two: KwaZuIu-Natal and Northern
 Province. Edited by Michael Lipton, Frank Ellis and Merle Lipton. Durban:
 Indicator Press, 1996. Pp.480. ISBN 1 86840 234 7 Political Ecology,
 Mountain Agriculture, and Knowledge in Honduras. By Kees Jansen.
 Amsterdam: Thela Publishers, 1998. Pp.277. NP. ISBN 90 5538 030 X Cultural
 Politics in the Third World. By Mehran Kamrava. London: UCL Press, 1999.
 Pp.viii + 182. &#xa3;13.95. ISBN 1 85728 265 5 Global Public Goods:
 International Co-operation in the 21st Century. Edited by Inge Kaul,
 Isabelle Grunberg and Marc A. Stern. New York: Oxford University Press,
 1999. Pp.xxviii + 546. &#xa3;24.99 (hardback); &#xa3;13.99 (paperback).
 ISBN 0 19 513051 0 and 513052 9 Aid to Africa: So Much to Do, So Little
 Done. By Carol Lancaster. Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press for the
 Century Foundation, 1999. Pp.xiv + 303. $55 and $22. ISBN 0 226 46838 0
 and 46839 9 Geographies of Development. By Robert B. Potter, Tony Binns,
 Jennifer A. Elliott, and David Smith. London: Addison Wesley Longman,
 1999. Pp.288. &#xa3;17.99. ISBN 0 582 29825 3 Small Enterprises and
 Economic Development: The Dynamics of Micro and Small Enterprises. By Carl
 Liedholm and Donald C. Mead. London: Routledge, 1999. Pp.viii + 176.
 &#xa3;50. ISBN 0 415 193 516 Value for Money? Impact of Small Enterprise
 Development. By Malcolm Harper and Gerry Finnegan. London: Intermediate
 Technology Publications, 1998. Pp.xiii + 144. &#xa3;14.95. ISBN 1 85339
 436 X 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 169-181 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422650 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422650  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Baulch 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch 
Author-Name: John Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Title: Economic mobility and poverty dynamics in developing countries 
Abstract:
  This study provides an introduction to this special issue of The Journal
 of Development Studies on economic mobility and poverty dynamics in
 developing countries. In addition to providing a conceptual framework, it
 outlines how the contributions fit into the extant literature. A series of
 regularities emerge across these studies. The poor consist of those who
 are always poor &#x2014; poor at all dates &#x2014; and those who move in
 and out of poverty, with the latter group tending to be strikingly large.
 Such movements in and out of poverty are apparent when looking at poverty
 in either absolute or relative terms. Changes in returns to endowments can
 be a potent source of increased incomes. Finally, seemingly transitory
 shocks can have long-term consequences. The study concludes by drawing out
 the policy implications of these regularities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-24 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422652 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422652  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:6:p:1-24




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon 
Author-Name: Pramila Krishnan 
Author-X-Name-First: Pramila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan 
Title: Vulnerability, seasonality and poverty in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  Most studies examining the dynamics of welfare have found large
 fluctuations in consumption over relatively short periods, suggesting
 substantial short-run movements in and out of poverty. The consequence is
 that cross-section poverty research may not be able to identify the poor.
 In this study, we explore this short-run variability further. We use a
 data set on a panel of 1450 households in different communities in rural
 Ethiopia, surveyed thrice, over 18 months. On average year-to-year poverty
 is very similar. However, we find high variability in consumption and
 poverty, over the seasons and year-by-year. Econometric analysis suggests
 that consumption is affected by idiosyncratic and common shocks, including
 rainfall and household-specific crop failure, while households respond to
 seasonal incentives related to changing labour demand and prices. The
 results imply that a larger number of households are vulnerable to shocks
 than implied by the standard poverty statistics, while some of the
 non-poor in these statistics are in fact otherwise poor households
 temporally boosting their consumption as an optimal response to changing
 seasonal incentives. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 25-53 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422653 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422653  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Maluccio 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maluccio 
Author-Name: Lawrence Haddad 
Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haddad 
Author-Name: Julian May 
Author-X-Name-First: Julian 
Author-X-Name-Last: May 
Title: Social capital and household welfare in South Africa, 1993-98 
Abstract:
  The aim in this study is to determine the nature of the causal
 relationship, if any, between 'social capital', as measured by household
 membership in formal and informal groups and household welfare in South
 Africa. Using a recently collected panel data set in South Africa's
 largest province, we estimate per capita expenditure functions including
 measures of social capital. After controlling for fixed effects and
 simultaneity, we find social capital has no effect in 1993 but a positive
 and significant effect in 1998. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 54-81 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422654 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422654  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jyotsna Jalan 
Author-X-Name-First: Jyotsna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jalan 
Author-Name: Martin Ravallion 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravallion 
Title: Is transient poverty different? Evidence for rural China 
Abstract:
  We define 'transient poverty' as the component of time-mean consumption
 poverty at household level that is directly attributable to variability in
 consumption; this can be thought of as a measure of vulnerability to
 falling consumption. The non-transient component then depends solely on
 mean consumption over time, and we call this 'chronic poverty'. Using
 robust semi-parametric methods and household panel data for rural China,
 we test whether transient poverty is determined by a process that is
 similar to chronic poverty. Commonly identified causes of poverty in this
 setting have weak explanatory power for transient poverty and some of the
 factors determining transient poverty do not matter to chronic poverty, or
 even have the opposite effect. Successful policy responses to chronic
 poverty may still leave considerable transient poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 82-99 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422655 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422655  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:6:p:82-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil McCulloch 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCulloch 
Author-Name: Bob Baulch 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch 
Title: Simulating the impact of policy upon chronic and transitory poverty in rural Pakistan 
Abstract:
  Anti-poverty programmes often seek to improve their impact by targeting
 households for assistance according to welfare measures in a single time
 period. However, a growing literature shows the importance to poor
 households of fluctuations in their welfare from month to month and year
 to year. This study uses a five-year panel of 686 households from rural
 Pakistan to investigate the magnitude of chronic or transitory poverty
 making an explicit adjustment for measurement error. The impact of two
 types of policies (those designed to 'smooth' incomes and those designed
 to promote income growth) on the severity of chronic and transitory
 poverty is examined. Since the largest part of the squared poverty gap in
 our sample is transitory, large reductions in poverty can be achieved by
 interventions designed to 'smooth' incomes, but reducing chronic poverty
 in the long-term requires large and sustained growth in household incomes.
 The level and variability of incomes is then modelled as a function of
 household characteristics, education and assets. The resulting model of
 the income generation process is used to simulate the impact that a range
 of transfer and investment policies would have upon chronic and transitory
 poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 100-130 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422656 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422656  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:6:p:100-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Willem Gunning 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunning 
Author-Name: John Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Author-Name: Bill Kinsey 
Author-X-Name-First: Bill 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinsey 
Author-Name: Trudy Owens 
Author-X-Name-First: Trudy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Owens 
Title: Revisiting forever gained: Income dynamics in the resettlement areas of Zimbabwe, 1983-96 
Abstract:
  This study examines income dynamics for a panel of households resettled
 on former white-owned farms in the aftermath of Zimbabwe's independence.
 There are four core findings: (i) over a 13-year period (1983-96) there
 has been an impressive accumulation of assets and a dramatic increase of
 crop incomes; (ii) the rise of crop incomes is partly due to asset
 accumulation but largely to increased asset returns; (Hi) differences
 between households in initial conditions, such as previous farming
 experience, have few persistent effects; and (iv) income growth has been
 widely shared, income inequality has fallen sharply and the largest
 percentage increases in incomes are recorded by households that initially
 had the lowest incomes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 131-154 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422657 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422657  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:6:p:131-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Mixed fortunes: A study of poverty mobility among small farm households in Chile, 1968-86 
Abstract:
  This study is based on a panel sample of small farm households drawn from
 eight rural communities in Chile interviewed in 1968 and 1986. The
 incidence and intensity of poverty based on primary income increased over
 this period. However, after including earnings from the minimum employment
 programmes and public transfers, both the headcount ratio and squared
 poverty gap fell markedly between the two surveys. Mobility analysis
 showed more households moving out of than into poverty. Of those
 households who became impoverished, around half may have suffered a
 transitory decline in income in 1986. The other half experienced
 pauperisation as a result of investing in projects with negative rates of
 return, investing in the accumulation of human capital by their children,
 sustaining a large rise in the household's dependency ratio or suffering
 political discrimination in the labour market. Per capita income was
 positively related to schooling of the household head (in 1968), land
 ownership (in 1986) and living in the Central Valley (in both years).
 Income per head was negatively related to household size (in both years)
 and to the presence of individuals in the household with physical or
 mental disabilities (in 1986). 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 155-180 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 36 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380008422658 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380008422658  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:36:y:2000:i:6:p:155-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: J. Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-8 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600064 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600064 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:1-8




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Brownbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brownbridge 
Author-Name: C. Kirkpatrick 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkpatrick 
Title: Financial Regulation in Developing Countries 
Abstract:
	      Many LDCs have implemented reforms to strengthen the
 prudential regulation and supervision of their financial systems. This
 article examines the progress made by LDCs in implementing reforms,
 analyses the weaknesses in their prudential systems and discusses policy
 options for further reform. While considerable improvements have been
 achieved, the occurrence of banking crises during the 1990s indicates that
 many countries have yet to build robust prudential systems which can
 protect their banking systems from systemic crises. The weaknesses include
 loopholes in the prudential regulations, shortages of skilled supervisors,
 and regulatory forbearance. Furthermore, there are difficulties in
 applying the developed country model of regulation, which relies heavily
 on accurate financial information, highly skilled technicians and an
 impartial bureaucracy, in an environment characterised by weak accounting
 and legal frameworks, acute shortages of skilled personnel and pervasive
 political interference in public administration. Options for further
 reform include higher capital adequacy standards, explicit rules covering
 intervention policy in distressed banks, restraints on competition in
 banking markets and greater use of the market for monitoring banks.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-24 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600056 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600056 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:1-24




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Joshi 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi 
Author-Name: M. Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: Enabling Environments: Do Anti-Poverty Programmes Mobilise the Poor? 
Abstract:
	      How can 'friends of the poor' in government or other agencies
 design and manage their anti-poverty programmes to encourage mobilisation?
 We explore the options, point out the advantages and disadvantages of the
 more direct methods, and make a case for the indirect or parametric
 approach: creating an enabling institutional environment, that encourages
 poor people, social activists and grassroots political entrepreneurs to
 invest in pro-poor mobilisation. We then present a language for
 understanding the various dimensions of this enabling institutional
 environment, and use it to examine two contrasting, successful cases:
 rural water supply in Nepal, and the Employment Guarantee Scheme in
 Maharashtra, India.	      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 25-56 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600057 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600057 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:25-56




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Lopez 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez 
Author-Name: I. Hathie 
Author-X-Name-First: I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hathie 
Title: The Structure of Government Intervention in African Agriculture 
Abstract:
	      This article examines the determinants of various rates of
 agricultural subsidies (output, input, exchange rate distortions, and
 aggregate) using commodity-level data from eight African countries in the
 1980s. Econometric results indicate that structural adjustment policies
 were more effective in reforming exchange rate distortions than in
 liberalising commodity markets. Output policies are determined within the
 national context while input subsidies are more responsive to
 commodity-specific conditions. Further-more, agricultural subsidies were
 strongly influenced by the degree of urbanisation and by the number of
 people per unit of arable land in a manner consistent with cheap food
 policy strategies.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 57-72 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600058 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600058 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:57-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Hazarika 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hazarika 
Title: Gender Differences in Children's Nutrition and Access to Health Care in Pakistan 
Abstract:
	      This article analyses gender differences in children's
 nutrition and access to health care in Pakistan with a view to uncovering
 parents motives for the favouring of sons in South Asia. It is found that,
 among 0 to 5-year-old children, boys are favoured in the allocation of
 health care. However, girls appear as nourished as or better nourished
 than boys. This is taken to be evidence that intra-household gender
 discrimination has primary origins not in parental preference for boys but
 in differential returns to parents from investment in boys and girls.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 73-92 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600059 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600059 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:73-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Allanson 
Author-X-Name-First:  P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allanson 
Author-Name: J. Atkins 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkins 
Author-Name: T. Hinks 
Author-X-Name-First: T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hinks 
Title: A Multilateral Decomposition of Racial Wage Differentials in the 1994 South African Labour Market 
Abstract:
	      This article develops a new multilateral decomposition
 procedure for the analysis of wage differentials and applies this to the
 racial wage hierarchy in the South African labour market. Using micro-data
 on male workers from the 1994 October Household survey, it is found that
 whites received the highest wages followed by Asians, then coloureds and
 finally blacks. Productivity differences are shown to explain
 approximately two-thirds of the white and black wage differentials, with
 the unexplained residuals attributable to discriminatory overpayment of
 whites and underpayment of blacks, and virtually all of the Asian and
 coloured differentials. The results provide the basis for a discussion of
 post-apartheid policy initiatives to tackle racial inequalities in the
 labour market. 	 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 93-120 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600060 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600060 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:93-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Arndt 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arndt 
Author-Name: H.T. Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: H.T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Author-Name: S. Robinson 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson 
Author-Name: F. Tarp 
Author-X-Name-First: F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp 
Title: Marketing Margins and Agricultural Technology in Mozambique 
Abstract:
	      Improvements in agricultural productivity and reductions in
 marketing costs in Mozambique are analysed using a computable general
 equilibrium (CGE) model. The model incorporates detailed marketing margins
 and separates household demand for marketed and home-produced goods.
 Individual simulations of improved agricultural technology and lower
 marketing margins yield welfare gains across the economy. In addition, a
 combined scenario reveals significant synergy effects, as gains exceed the
 sum of gains from the individual scenarios. Relative welfare improvements
 are higher for poor rural households, while factor returns increase in
 roughly equal proportions, an attractive feature when assessing the
 political feasibility of policy initiatives.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 121-137 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600061 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600061 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:121-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Ram�rez 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ram�rez 
Title: Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico: A Cointegration Analysis 
Abstract:
	      This article addresses the important question of whether
 foreign direct investment enhances economic growth and labour productivity
 in Mexico, both from a theoretical and empirical perspective. After
 briefly reviewing the Mexican experience with net FDI inflows during the
 1990s, the article presents a simple endogenous growth model which
 explicitly incorporates any positive (negative) externalities generated by
 additions to the foreign capital stock. Using cointegration analysis, the
 article estimates a dynamic labour productivity function for the 1960-95
 period that includes the impact of the growth rate in the stocks of both
 private and foreign capital (as opposed to the flows) and the economically
 active population (EAP) (rather than the rate of population growth). The
 error correction model (ECM) estimates suggest that increases in both
 private ad (lagged) foreign investment spending, as well as the rate of
 growth in exports, have a positive and economically significant effect on
 the rate of labour productivity growth. In addition, the results show that
 increases in the EAP have a negative and statistically significant effect
 on the rate of labour productivity growth, while changes in the government
 consumption variable have a negative but marginally significant impact.
 The error correction terms of the estimated models are negative and
 statistically significant, thus suggesting that deviations of actual
 labour productivity growth from its long-run value are corrected in
 subsequent periods. Finally the article generates historical simulations
 from the estimated ECM's and offers some policy recommendations to enhance
 the positive externalities associated with FDI inflows.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 138-162 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600062 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600062 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:138-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
	      'Democratic Politics and Economic Reform in India'; Author:
 Robert Jenkins; Reviewer: Gurharpal Singh.; 'Hydropolitics in the Third
 World: Conflict and Cooperation in International River Basins'; Author:
 Arun P. Elhance; Reviewer: Madhusudan Bhattarai.; 'The End of the Refugee
 Cycle? Refugee Repatriation and Reconstruction'; Editors: Richard Black
 and Khalid Koser; Reviewer: Zo� Marriage.; 'Losing Place: Refugee
 Populations and Rural Transformations in East Africa'; Author: Johnathan
 Bascom; Reviewer: Zo� Marriage.; 'Environmental Assessment in Developing
 and Transitional Countries: Principles, Methods and Practice'; Editors:
 Norman Lee and Clive George; Reviewer: Fiona Nunan.; 'Smallholder Cash
 Crop Production under Market Liberalisation: A New Institutional Economic
 Perspective'; Editors: Andrew Dorward, Jonathan Kydd and Colin Poulton;
 Reviewer: Steve Wiggins.; 'Trade Shocks in Developing Countries: Volume l:
 Africa'; Authors: Paul Collier, Jan Willem Gunning and Associates;
 Reviewer: Alasdair I. MacBean.; 'Trade Shocks in Developing Countries:
 Volume 2: Asia and Latin America'; Authors: Paul Collier, Jan Willem
 Gunning and Associates; Reviewer: Alasdair I. MacBean.; 'The Third World
 beyond the Cold War: Continuity and Change'; Editors: Louise Fawcett and
 Yezid Sayigh; Reviewer: Nigel Harris.; 'East Asia: Recovery and Beyond';
 Authors: The World Bank; Reviewer: Christopher M. Dent.;	   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 163-177 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600063 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713600063 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:1:p:163-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: J. Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600065 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600065  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:1-6




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O. Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Author-Name: I. Filatotchev 
Author-X-Name-First: I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Filatotchev 
Title: Globalisation and Trade: The Implications for Exports from Marginalised Economies 
Abstract:
  Why has growth, especially in exports, in low-income developing and
 transitional countries been low relative to the rest of the world? Why is
 it that such countries appear not to be benefiting from globalisation?
 These are the questions addressed by the studies in this collection, and
 the answers can underpin new approaches to export promotion. Policies to
 promote investment - in firms, in labour, in infrastructure - are at least
 as important as the economic liberalisation that has taken place.
 Ownership and governance structures of firms underpin their ability to
 integrate into the global economy. The nature of relationships with buyers
 and distributors in the more developed markets can determine how they are
 integrated. There is potential to expand and diversify the exports of
 marginalised economies, and the research offers pointers to how this can
 be achieved. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-12 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Globalisation, Trade, Exports, Growth, Investments, Marginalised Economies, Developing Countries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600066 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600066  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:1-12




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Soderbaum 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soderbaum 
Author-Name: F. Teal 
Author-X-Name-First: F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teal 
Title: Skills, Investment and Exports from Manufacturing Firms in Africa 
Abstract:
  It has been argued that Africa will not be able to export manufactures as
 it lacks the necessary skills. This study uses panel data from Ghana to
 ask how skills have impacted on manufacturing investment and exports in
 the 1990s. Two dimensions of skills are defined and measure. The first is
 that observable in the education and experience of the workforce. The
 second is the underlying efficiency with which the firm operates. The
 latter is shown to be a significant determinant of both investment and
 exports. These exports are relatively capital intensive; unskilled
 labour-intensive exports remain negligible. Possible reasons for these
 outcomes are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 13-43 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Investments, Exports, Manufacturing Firms, Skills, Africa, Ghana, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600067 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600067  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:13-43




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Buck 
Author-X-Name-First: T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buck 
Author-Name: I. Filatotchev 
Author-X-Name-First: I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Filatotchev 
Author-Name: N. demina 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: demina 
Author-Name: M. Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Exporting Activity in Transitional Economies: An Enterprise-Level Study 
Abstract:
  This study represents the first enterprise level analysis of the
 determinants of exporting in transitional economies, and focuses on
 privatised manufacturing firms in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Employing
 models developed from the existing literature on enterprise-level trade,
 results derived from longitudinal data suggest that the most important
 influences on a firm's decision to export are company size and the
 non-monotonic, curvilinear influence of managerial ownership and control.
 Comparisons are made with studies of less developed countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 44-66 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Enterprise-Level Analysis, Transitional Economies, Exports, Trade, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600068 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600068  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:44-66




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: O. Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Author-Name: N. Rudaheranwa 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rudaheranwa 
Title: Policy and Non-Policy Barriers to Trade and Implicit Taxation of Exports in Uganda 
Abstract:
  Uganda has made significant progress in reducing policy-induced
 anti-export bias in its trade policy in the 1990s. Taxes on exports have
 been abolished, and import protection has been reduced considerably. Such
 trade barriers are only a component of thee transaction costs associated
 with trade. Poor infrastructure, notably by increasing transport costs,
 and institutional inefficiencies can significantly increase trade costs.
 The effective protection of imports, and implicit tax on exports, due to
 transport costs is calculated and compared to effective protection due to
 trade policy barriers for Uganda. The results reveal that transport costs
 are often very high, in many cases representing a greater cost (tax) to
 exporters than trade policy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 67-90 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Trade, Taxation of Exports, Trade Policy Barriers, Uganda, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600069 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600069  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:67-90




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Author-Name: K. Jordan 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan 
Title: Why Does Zimbabwe Export Manufactures and Uganda Not? Econometrics Meets History 
Abstract:
  Uganda and Zimbabwe are predicted on the basis of their human and natural
 resources, to have similar shares of manufactures in their exports
 However, Uganda falls a long way short of the predicted share, while
 Zimbabwe greatly exceeds it. Uganda's manufactured export share is
 unusually small mainly because of high transport costs, due to its
 distance from the sea and inadequate infrastructure. Zimbabwe's
 manufactured export share is unusually big mainly because its comparative
 advantage in manufacturing was enhanced by the know-how brought in by
 European settlers and a long-term policy of promoting the sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 91-116 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Human Resources, Natural Resources, Export Manufacturers, Uganda, Zimbabwe, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600070 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600070  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:91-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Kaplinsky 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplinsky 
Title: Globalisation and Unequalisation: What Can Be Learned from Value Chain Analysis? 
Abstract:
  Although many have gained from the process of globalisation, there
 remains a stubbornly large number of people living in absolute poverty and
 a rise in inequality within and between countries. The issue is thus not
 whether to participate in the global economy but how to do so in a manner
 which provides for sustainable and equitable income growth. This study
 shows how value chain analysis can be used to chart the growing
 disjuncture between global economic activity and global income
 distribution and to provide causal explanations for this outcome. In so
 doing, value chain analysis provides valuable insights into policy
 formulation and implementation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 117-146 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Globalisation, Poverty, Unequalisation, Income Distribution, Value Chain Analysis, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600071 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600071  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Dolan 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolan 
Author-Name: J. Humphrey 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Humphrey 
Title: Governance and Trade in Fresh Vegetables: The Impact of UK Supermarkets on the African Horticulture Industry 
Abstract:
  Production of fresh vegetables for export has grown rapidly in a number
 of countries in sub-Saharan Africa over the last decade. This trade brings
 producers and exporters based in Africa together with importers and
 retailers in Europe. Large retailers in Europe play a decisive role in
 structuring the production and processing of fresh vegetables exported
 from Africa. The requirements they specify for cost, quality, delivery,
 product variety, innovation, food safety and quality systems help top
 determine what types of producers and processors are able to gain access
 to the fresh vegetables chain and the activities they must carry out. The
 control over the fresh vegetables trade exercised by UK supermarkets has
 clear consequences for inclusion and exclusion of producers and exporters
 of differing types, and for the long-term prospects for the fresh
 vegetables industry in the two major exporting countries studied, Kenya
 and Zimbabwe. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 147-176 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Governance, Trade, Fresh Vegetables, UK Supermarkets, Horticulture Industry, Africa, Kenya, Zimbabwe, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600072 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600072  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Schmitz 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitz 
Author-Name: P. Knorringa 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knorringa 
Title: Learning from Global Buyers 
Abstract:
  An increasing number of developing countries engage in contract
 manufacturing for a decreasing number of global buyers. This constellation
 characterises many labour intensive export sectors. The positioning of
 developing country enterprises in such buyer-driven chains is central to
 research concerned with identifying the winners and losers from
 globalisation. This study contributes to this debate by seeking answers to
 two questions: First, what can researchers learn from global buyers about
 the relative strengths and weaknesses of developing country producers;
 second, what can these producers learn from global buyers and what
 circumstances facilitate or constrain such learning. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 177-205 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2000 
Keywords: Developing Countries, Contract Manufacturing, Global Buyers, Globalisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713600073 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713600073  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2000:i:2:p:177-205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: J. Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601036 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601036  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Christiaensen 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Christiaensen 
Author-Name: J. Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Author-Name: G. Bergeron 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergeron 
Title: Comparing village characteristics derived from rapid appraisals and household surveys: A tale from northern Mali. 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates whether inferences drawn about a population are
 sensitive to the manner by which those data are obtained. It compares
 information obtained using participatory appraisal techniques with a
 survey of households randomly drawn from a locally administered census
 that had been carefully revised. The community map tends to include
 households that do not, in fact, reside in the enumerated locality. By
 contrast, the revised official census is slightly more likely to exclude
 households who actually lived in the surveyed area. Controlling for the
 survey technique, we find that the revised official census produces higher
 estimates of average household size and wealth but lower estimates of
 total village size or wealth, than the community map. Pairwise comparison
 of the survey techniques, holding the households constant, shows that the
 community map leads, on average, to higher estimates of household size and
 lower estimates of wealth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Population, Household Surveys, Households, Census, Mali, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331321941 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331321941  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Bird 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bird 
Author-Name: R. Rajan 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rajan 
Title: Would International Currency Taxation and Currency Stabilisation in Developing Countries? 
Abstract:
  Completely flexible exchange rates may be "excessively" volatile, with
 the implied currency misalignments leading to real inefficiencies in
 resource allocation and detrimental effects on economic growth. This paper
 analyses whether international currency taxation would be effective in
 calming exchange rate volatility and avoiding currency crises within the
 context of a simple model of exchange rate determination. It is found that
 the effects of a tax on foreign exchange volatility depend on the nature
 of speculation and whether the focus is on capital inflows or outflows. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 21-38 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Currency Taxation, Currency Stabilisation, Exchange Rates, Developing Countries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331321951 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331321951  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Dolan 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolan 
Title: The 'Good Wife': Struggles over Resources in the Kenyan Horticultural Sector 
Abstract:
  This paper examines how the contracting of French beans has engendered
 conflict over rights, obligations and resources in Meru District, Kenya.
 In response to pressure for agricultural diversification and the expanding
 European market for "gourmet" vegetables, horticulture, the historical
 domain of women, has been rapidly intensified, commoditized and in many
 cases, appropriated by men. Women have responded to the erosion of their
 rights in ways that appear paradoxical -- some undergoing Christian
 conversion while others poison their husbands -- practices that
 simultaneously affirm and contest the prevailing norms of the "good wife".
 In Meru, gender relations are key to the negotiation of household
 resources and the potential for capital accumulation in the export
 horticultural sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 39-70 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: French Beans, Horticultural Sector, Resources, Conflict, Capital Accumulation, Kenya, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331321961 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331321961  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. K. Fosu 
Author-X-Name-First: A. K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fosu 
Title: Economic Fluctuations and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Importance of Import Instability 
Abstract:
  The traditional thesis that export instability (XI) is deleterious to
 economic growth in developing economies has received mixed empirical
 results. For African countries, recent research suggests that the effect
 of XI is weak, but that capital (investment) instability (KI) adversely
 influences economic growth. The current study argues that in many of these
 nations, imports are likely to be critical to the growth process, while
 exports represent only one of the various sources of investment resources.
 Hence, import instability (MI) may pose a more serious problem than XI in
 hindering economic growth. Employing 1968-1986 World Bank data for 33
 sub-Saharan African countries, XI, KI and MI variables are calculated for
 each country as the standard errors around the respective 'best-fitted'
 trends over the sample period. These instability measures and additional
 World Bank data are then used to estimate an augmented production function
 that controls for the effects of labour, capital, and exports. The study
 finds that although KI is still a relevant argument of the production
 function, MI appears to be even more important, while XI is extraneous. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 71-85 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Import Instability, Economic Fluctuations, Growth, Labour, Capital, Exports, Sub-Saharan Africa, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331321971 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331321971  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: X. Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: X. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: R. Kanbur 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanbur 
Title: What Difference Do Polarisation Measures Make? An Application to China 
Abstract:
  In recent years there has been much discussion of the difference between
 inequality and polarisation. The vast literature on inequality is held to
 miss out key features of distributional change, which are better described
 as changes in polarisation. Axioms have been proposed which capture some
 of these differences, and measures of polarisation, as distinct from
 inequality, have been suggested. The theoretical distinctions proposed in
 this literature are indeed interesting. But do the newly proposed measures
 of polarisation give different results in comparing societies over time?
 We address these questions for China, where dramatic increases in
 inequality and polarisation have been much discussed in the literature. We
 find that, contrary to theoretical expectation, the new measures of
 polarisation do not generate very different results from the standard
 measures of inequality. The paper ends by considering a different approach
 to polarisation which might better conform to the policy concerns
 expressed in the specific context of China. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 85-98 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Inequality, Distributional Change, Standard Measures, Chin, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331321981 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331321981  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Ho 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho 
Title: Rangeland Degradation in North China Revisited? A Preliminary Statistical Analysis to Validate Non-Equilibrium Range Ecology 
Abstract:
  Over the past decades, the concepts of carrying capacity and Clementsian
 vegetation succession have come under attack from the theory of
 Non-Equilibrium Range Ecology. The new theory hypothesises that in arid
 regions with high rainfall variability the ecology is mainly determined by
 climatic and not biotic factors, such as animal grazing. The argument
 carried further implies that 'rangeland degradation' or 'desertification'
 are not caused by overgrazing but are part of a natural process of
 vegetation decline and growth in response to rainfall, which ruminant
 numbers merely follow. Few empirical studies involving time-series data
 have been executed to substantiate Non-Equilibrium Range Ecology. This
 article, hopes to make a contribution to the current debate with a
 statistical validation of one of its main postulates: the correlation
 between ruminant numbers and rainfall. The analysis is conducted with
 figures from the People's Republic of China: a state in which rangeland
 policy is an outstanding example of management on the basis of carrying
 capacities and Clementsian succession theory. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 99-133 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Arid Regions, Rangelands, Land Tenure, Degradation, Range Ecology, China, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331321991 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331321991  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Qizilbash 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qizilbash 
Title: Sustainable Development: Concepts and Rankings 
Abstract:
  One way of thinking about development - endorsed by the UNDP and the
 Brundtland Commission - involves improvements in the quality of life which
 are equitable. This conception invokes two values - equity and well-being
 - which can conflict. The potential conflict suggests that countries which
 are doing well in terms of well-being may perform badly on environmental
 concerns. Desai argued to the contrary that there are positive linkages
 between human development and environmental protection. He found tentative
 support for this claim in rankings of developing countries in terms of the
 HDI and indices of environmental exploitation. This result is not robust
 when similar exercises are carried out using a different set of countries
 and closely related indices. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 134-161 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Sustainable Development, Concepts, Rankings, Human Development, Environmental Protection, Developing Countries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322001 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322001  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  'Social Security for the Excluded Majority: Case Studies of Developing
 Countries'; Editor: Wouter van Ginneken; Reviewer: Tim Conway; 'Taiwan's
 Development Experience: Lessons on the Roles of Government and Market';
 Authors: Erik Thorbecke and Henry Wan; Reviewer: John W. Mellor; 'The
 Political Economy of Water Pricing Reforms'; Editor: Ariel Dinar;
 Reviewer: Paul Herrington; 'Risks and Reconstruction: Experiences of
 Resettlers and Refugees'; Editors: Michael M. Cernea and Christopher
 McDowell; Reviewer: Zo&#xeb; Marriage; 'On the Move: Mobility, Land Use
 and Livelihood Practices on the Central Plateau in Burkino Faso'; Author:
 Mark Breusers; Reviewer: Karim Hussein; 'Urban Poverty in Africa: From
 Understanding to Alleviation'; Editors: Sue Jones and Nici Nelson;
 Reviewer: Sandra Wallman; 'Disappearing Peasantries? Rural Labour in
 Africa, Asia and Latin America'; Editors: Deborah Bryceson, Christobal Kay
 and Jos Mooij; Reviewer: Jan Kees Van Donge; 'Development Under Adversity:
 The Palestinian Economy in Transition'; Authors: Ishac Diwan and Radwan A.
 Shaban; Reviewer: Emma Murphy; 'EU 'Global Player': The North-South Policy
 of the European Union'; Author: Mirjam van Reisen; Reviewer: Marjorie
 Lister; 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 163-177 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601044 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601044  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:3:p:163-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: J. Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601047 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601047  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:1-6




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 191-193 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601056 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601056  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:191-193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. delap 
Author-X-Name-First: E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: delap 
Title: Economic and Cultural Forces in the Child Labour Debate: Evidence from Urban Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  The relative influence of economic and cultural forces is a key area of
 debate amongst those exploring the causes of child work, and in wider
 discourse on household labour deployment. Data from Dhaka slums suggest
 that household poverty and income stability are important economic
 determinants of children's work. However, economic forces alone cannot
 explain child-work deployment. Evidence on the availability of adult
 household members to replace child contributions, and on gender and age
 differentials in household labour deployment, point towards the importance
 of cultural factors. Key cultural determinants of children's work include
 gender norms, age subordination and the cultural importance of avoiding
 idleness. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-22 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Child-work, Economic Determinants, Cultural Determinants, Household Poverty, Income Stability, Bangladesh, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322021 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322021  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:1-22




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Estudillo 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estudillo 
Author-Name: A. Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Author-Name: K. Otsuka 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka 
Title: Gender Differences in Land Inheritance, Schooling and Lifetime Income: Evidence from the Rural Philippines 
Abstract:
  This article examines the difference in lifetime incomes arising from
 parental preferences in the allocation of land inheritance and investments
 in schooling between sons and daughters in the rural Philippines. Sons are
 preferred with respect to land inheritance, receiving 0.15 additional
 hectares of land, while daughters are treated more favourably in schooling
 investments, receiving 1.5 more years of schooling. However, differences
 in both current and life-cycle incomes between sons and daughters are
 insignificant. This suggests that Filipino parents allocate
 intergenerational transfers to equalise incomes among their children,
 without sacrificing efficiency. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 23-48 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Land Inheritance, Incomes, Gender Differences, Schooling, Rural Areas, Philippines, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322031 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322031  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:23-48




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Breusers 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Breusers 
Title: Searching for Livelihood Security: Land and Mobility in Burkina Faso 
Abstract:
  The incremental approach to land reform in sub-Saharan Africa constitutes
 a rapprochement between proponents of the introduction of private property
 regimes and their critics. The incrementalists recognise that local tenure
 regimes can change and that they should be the basis of any land-reform
 programme. This article argues that an important gap remains with regard
 to the dynamics of tenure arrangements observed in a highly insecure
 environment, because the incremental approach retains a western-type of
 tenure security as its ultimate goal. Geographic mobility of actors and
 fields is essential to the protection of livelihoods in the north-central
 region of Burkina Faso. This mobility not only is made possible by the
 prevailing land tenure regime but also underpins its flexibility and
 allows the merging and shifting of rights. All of this argues against the
 establishment of western-type tenure security and in favour of the
 maintenance of flexible resource tenure regimes - a model discussed in
 recent years in relation to pastoral land use in drylands. This would have
 the additional advantage of integrating understandings of, and approaches
 to, pastoralists' and crop-farmers' land use in regions where these
 population groups already intermingle. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 49-80 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Livelihood Security, Land Reform, Geographic Mobility, Tenure Security, Land Use, Burkina Faso, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322041 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322041  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:49-80




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Copestake 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Copestake 
Author-Name: S. Bhalotra 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhalotra 
Author-Name: S. Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Title: Assessing the Impact of Microcredit: A Zambian Case Study 
Abstract:
  Expectations are high, but evidence of the impact of microcredit remains
 in short supply. This article estimates the impact of an urban credit
 programme in Zambia on business performance and on a range of indicators
 of wellbeing. Borrowers who obtained a second loan experienced
 significantly higher average growth in business profits and household
 income. Inflexible group enforcement of loan obligations resulted in some
 borrowers, especially amongst those who had taken only one loan, being
 made worse off. Our methodological investigations suggest that the supply
 of rigorous impact studies can be increased by basing them on data
 collection that serves a wider range of purposes, including market
 research. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 81-100 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Microcredit, Urban Credit Programme, Household Incomes, Business Profits, Zambia, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322051 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322051  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:81-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Mosley 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosley 
Title: Microfinance and Poverty in Bolivia 
Abstract:
  Both in its institutional range and in its penetration of financial
 markets, the microfinance sector in Bolivia rivals any in the world, and
 has played a major part in extracting the macro-economy from meltdown
 since the mid-1980s. We seek specifically to assess its impact on poverty,
 and do this through small-sample surveys on four microfinance
 institutions, two urban and two rural, using a range of poverty concepts:
 income (generated both through the borrower's enterprise and through the
 labour market), asset holdings and diversity, and various measures of
 vulnerability. All the institutions studied had, on balance, positive
 impacts on income and asset levels, with income impacts correlating
 negatively with income on account of poor households choosing to invest in
 low-risk, low-return assets. Microfinance may, however, augment
 vulnerability: average debt-service ratios of microfinance clients are
 disturbingly high, and if the coping mechanisms used by borrowers fail,
 borrowers may be forced out of the microfinance system, possibly resulting
 in decapitalisation and impoverishment. Poorer households are more
 restricted in their choice of coping strategy, and many as a consequence
 'choose' coping strategies more likely to jeopardise their long-term
 income prospects, in particular asset sales and cuts in children's
 schooling. The more successful low-income borrowers are those who have
 voluntary savings deposits and do not rush into fixed capital purchases
 too early: collapse back into poverty is associated with multiple crises
 and the failure of one or more 'safety nets', in particular of one or more
 'safety nets', in particular support from a member's solidarity group. The
 following actions appear to be promising for the further reduction of
 poverty in Bolivia: stronger efforts to mobilise rural savings, removal of
 lower limits on loan size, and the introduction of appropriate insurance
 mechanisms. In comparison with other anti-poverty measures, microfinance
 appears to be successful and relative cheap at reducing the poverty of
 those close to the poverty line, but ineffective, by comparison with
 labour-market and infrastructural measures, in reducing extreme poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 101-132 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Microfinance, Poverty, Income, Rural Savings, Loan Size, Insurance, Bolivia, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322061 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322061  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Ganesh-Kumar 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganesh-Kumar 
Author-Name: K. Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen 
Author-Name: R. Vaidya 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaidya 
Title: Outward Orientation, Investment and Finance Constraints: A Study of Indian Firms 
Abstract:
  We investigate the presence of finance constraints on firms' investment
 behaviour using Indian manufacturing as a case study. This question
 becomes particularly interesting in the post-1991 period when substantial
 market oriented reforms were undertaken. We argue that in the Indian
 institutional context (especially, the underdeveloped state of bankruptcy
 laws and restrictive exit procedures) outward orientation rather than size
 is the relevant criteria for distinguishing firms that may be
 'finance-constrained' from those that are not. Using panel data for 718
 Indian manufacturing firms for the period 1993-98, we find that exporting
 firms are less constrained in financial markets than firms which sell
 primarily to domestic markets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 133-149 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Investment, Finance, Outward Orientation, Firms, Financial Markets, Manufacturing, India, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322071 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322071  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:133-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Sandee 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandee 
Author-Name: P. Rietveld 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rietveld 
Title: Upgrading Traditional Technologies in Small-Scale Industry Clusters: Collaboration and Innovation Adoption in Indonesia. 
Abstract:
  There is by now sufficient evidence that small-scale industry clusters
 matter in developing countries. This article intends to contribute to the
 discussion on cluster transformation by focusing on innovation adoption in
 a roof tile cluster in Indonesia. Clustering allows small-scale
 enterprises to grow in 'riskable steps' by sharing the costs and risks
 through collaboration. Using data from longitudinal field surveys we find
 that technological change is not only a matter of comparing costs and
 benefits of technologies, but also a matter of access. Collaboration among
 leaders is crucial in innovation adoption when technological
 indivisibilities play a role. In our case study it appears that joint
 action should be viewed as a means to an end only; it was given up in
 favour of traditional hierarchies in the cluster as soon as possible. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 150-172 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Small-Scale Industry Cluster, Innovative Adoptions, Collaboration, Traditional Technologies, Indonesia, Developing Countries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322081 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322081  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  'Searching for a Better Society: The Peruvian Economy from 1950'; Author:
 by John Sheahan; Reviewer:Raul Hopkins; 'Democratisation in Africa';
 Editors: Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner; Reviewer: Jan Kees van Donge;
 'Exchange Rate Misalignment: Concepts and Measurement for Developing
 Countries'; Editors: Lawrence E. Hinkle and Peter J. Montiel; Reviewer:
 Christopher Tsoukis; 'Orangi Pilot Project, Reminiscences and
 Reflections'; Author: Akhtar Hameed Khan; Reviewer: Jo Beall; 'Whey
 Governments Waste Natural Resources: Policy Failures in Developing
 Countries'; Author: William Ascher; Reviewer: Julio Pena-Torres;
 'Evaluating Development Aid - Issues, Problems and Solutions'; Author:
 Basil Cracknell; Reviewer: Mike Faber; 'Development Microeconomics';
 Authors: Pranab Bardhan and Christopher Udry; Reviewer: Scott McDonald;
 'Economic and Social Changes in Czech Society After 1989: An Alternative
 View'; Authors: Lubomir Mlcoch, Pavel Machonin and Milan Sojka; Reviewer:
 Alasdair MacBean; 'Resistance to the Shah: Landowners and Ulama in Iran';
 Author: Mohammad Gholi Majd; Reviewer: Rodney Wilson; 'Corruption and
 Democratisation'; Editors: Alan Doig and Robin Theobald; Reviewer: Heather
 A. Marquette; 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 173-190 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322091 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322091  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:4:p:173-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: J. Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601068 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601068  
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Author-Name: K. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Author-Name: P. Box 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Box 
Title: Not Necessarily In The Same Boat: Heterogeneous Risk Assessment Among East African Pastoralists 
Abstract:
  This paper studies variation in risk assessment by pastoralists in the
 arid and semi arid lands of southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya. Despite
 superficial homogeneity among east African pastoralists, we show that
 there exists considerable within-group heterogeneity in their assessment
 of various risks. We conceptualise risk as comprising of four distinct
 components: objective exposure, subjective perception, ex ante mitigation
 capacity, and ex post coping capacity. This conceptualisation provides an
 effective framework for understanding the observed heterogeneity as the
 natural consequence of (sometimes modest) structural differences in
 economic activity patterns, agroclimatic conditions, proximity to towns,
 wealth, and gender roles. It therefore provides a useful tool for drawing
 out the policy implications of subjects' expressed concerns about
 prospective livelihood hazards. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Risk Assessment, Arid Lands, Semi-arid Lands, Structural Differences, Economic Activity, Agroclimatic Conditions, Livelihood's, Ethiopia, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322101 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322101  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. N. Olsen 
Author-X-Name-First: R. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsen 
Author-Name: A. Coppin 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coppin 
Title: The Determinants of Gender Differences in Income in Trinidad and Tobago 
Abstract:
  The present study employs 1993 Continuous Sample Survey of the Population
 data for Trinidad and Tobago to investigate the causes of gender income
 differentials. The findings suggest that such differentials are not well
 explained by differences in levels of human capital and other measured
 factors valued by the labour market. This result is robust to the
 disaggregation of the data into African, Indian and Other ethnic groups
 thereby raising the possibility of gender discrimination. African and
 Indian women's incomes would increase by over 20 per cent with the returns
 to the measured factors of their male, ethnic counterparts. Women would
 benefit from having men's industry distribution of jobs, but not men's
 occupational distribution. African women appear to be significantly more
 disadvantaged relative to their male counterparts than are Indian or Other
 women. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 31-56 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Gender Income Differentials, Determinants, Population, Gender Discrimination, Distribution of Jobs, Trinidad and Tobago, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322111 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322111  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Isgut 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isgut 
Title: What's Different about Exporters? Evidence from Colombian Manufacturing 
Abstract:
  Using a large panel of Colombian manufacturing plants, this paper finds
 that exporters are significantly larger, more capital intensive, have
 higher labour productivity, and pay higher wages than nonexporters three
 years before exporting for the first time. The differential in performance
 increases in the years leading to entry in the export market. After entry,
 sales, employment, and the proportion of skilled workers in the labour
 force keep growing significantly faster for exporters, but the growth of
 labour productivity and capital intensity is indistinguishable for
 exporters and nonexporters. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 57-82 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Exporters, Labour Productivity, Wages, Export Market, Non-Exporters, Manufacturing, Colombia, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322121 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322121  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Bird 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bird 
Author-Name: D. Rowlands 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlands 
Title: World Bank Lending And Other Financial Flows: Is There a Connection? 
Abstract:
  At a time when there is a serious debate about reforming the
 international financial architecture, it is important to understand how
 existing multilateral agencies affect financial flows to emerging and
 less-developed countries. This paper extends past research - which has
 focused on the International Monetary Fund - by examining the various
 mechanisms through which the World Bank may be associated with other
 financial flows, and by presenting new empirical evidence based on
 regression analysis. Little support is found for a positive connection.
 The implications of this finding for effective reform of the Bank and its
 various activities are then discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 83-103 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Financial Flows, World Bank, IMF, Capital, Conditionality, Lending, Trade, Mechanisms, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322131 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322131  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:5:p:83-103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Majumdar 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Majumdar 
Author-Name: S. Subramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subramanian 
Title: Capability Failure and Group Disparities : Some Evidence from India for the 1980s 
Abstract:
  This paper advances a particular measure of deprivation - called the
 Capability Failure Ratio (CFR) - on the dimensions of longevity, knowledge
 and income, and suggests how an (inequality-) 'adjusted' version of the
 CFR may be derived. These measurement concerns are explored in the context
 of relevant State-wise data for the Indian Union. The paper thus makes an
 attempt to enrich the analysis of human predicament by sensitising
 'measures of central tendency' to distributional concerns. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 104-140 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Capability Failure, Group Disparities, Income, Measurements, Human Development, Distribution Inequalities, India, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322141 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322141  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Ghatak 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghatak 
Author-Name: J. Seale 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seale 
Title: Supply Response and Risk in Chinese Agriculture 
Abstract:
  The main objective of this paper is to model the production and supply
 response in Chinese agriculture, which includes not only the standard
 arguments like expected prices but also risk. We extend Lin's work [1991,
 1992] by modelling supply response as a three-equation model. We fit our
 model to data for 28 Chinese provinces from 1970 to 1997 to determine
 whether national Chinese agricultural supply is price and price risk
 responsive. Further, we fit our model to data for North, Northeast, South
 and Southeast regions. Results from the three systems equations are
 compared to single equation estimations. At the national level, Chinese
 agriculture is found to be price and price risk responsive. The regional
 analyses suggest that significant regional differences exist. Unlike Lin,
 we do not find the household responsibility system (HRS) to be the
 dominant factor in increased yields in different regions of China. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 141-150 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Chinese Agriculture, Supply, Risk, Price, Households, Yields, China, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322151 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322151  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  'War and Underdevelopment. Volume 1: The Economic and Social Consequences
 of Conflict'; Authors: Frances Stewart, Valpy FitzGerald and Associates;
 Reviewer: Nigel Harris; 'War and Underdevelopment. Volume 2: Country
 Experiences'; Authors: Frances Stewart, Valpy FitzGerald and Associates;
 Reviewer: Nigel Harris; 'War, Hunger and Displacement: The Origins of
 Humanitarian Emergencies. Volume 1: Analysis'; Editors: E. Wayne Nafziger,
 Frances Stewart and Raimo Vayrynen; Reviewer: Martin Shaw; 'War, Hunger
 and Displacement: The Origins of Humanitarian Emergencies. Volume 2: Case
 Studies'; Editors: E. Wayne Nafziger, Frances Stewart and Raimo Vayrynen;
 Reviewer: Martin Shaw; 'The Kosovo Report: Conflict, International
 Response, Lessons Learned'; Author: International Independent Commission
 on Kosovo; Reviewer: Martin Shaw; 'Rents, Rent-Seeking and Economic
 Development: Theory and Evidence in Asia'; Editors: Mushtaq H. Khan and
 Jomo K.S.; Reviewer: Kevin Hewison; 'Can Africa Claim the 21st Century?';
 Editor: The World Bank; Reviewer: Frances Stewart; 'Reconciling Trade and
 the Environment: Lessons from Case Studies in Developing Countries';
 Authors: Veena Jha, Anil Markandya and Rene Vossenaar; Reviewer: Rhys
 Jenkins; 'Trade, Environment and the WTO: The Post-Seattle Agenda';
 Author: Gary P. Sampson; Reviewer: Rhys Jenkins; 'Workers Without
 Frontiers: The Impact of Globalization on International Migration';
 Author: Peter Stalker; Reviewer: Jonathan Perraton; 'Colonial State and
 Social Policy: Social Welfare Development in Hong Kong 1842-1997'; Author:
 Kwong-Leung Tang; Reviewer: John Clammer; 'Rural Livelihoods and Diversity
 in Developing Countries'; Author: Frank Ellis; Reviewer: Steve Wiggins;
 '50 Years of Pakistan's Economy: Traditional Topics and Contemporary
 Concerns'; Editor: Shahrukh Rafi Khan; Reviewer: Naveed Hassan Naqvi; 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 151-173 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322161 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322161  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:5:p:151-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 174-176 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601076 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601076  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:5:p:174-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: J. Putzel 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Putzel 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-8 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601079 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601079  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:1-8




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. Hermes 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermes 
Author-Name: R. Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Title: Changing the Conditions for Development Aid: A New Paradigm? 
Abstract:
  The publication of the Assessing Aid report of the World Bank in 1998 has
 stimulated the debate on the future of development aid and aid policies.
 This collection contains a number of studies that aim to contribute to
 this debate. In this introduction we put the discussion on the future of
 development aid into perspective and summarise the main findings of the
 other contributions in this collection. We focus on two issues: the aid
 effectiveness debate before and after the Assessing Aid report, and the
 discussion on policy conditionality and good governance. Our main
 conclusions are that the evidence on aid effectiveness provided in the
 World Bank report is less convincing than has been claimed and that the
 good governance criterion proposed by the World Bank for distributing aid
 comes down to introducing conditionality in disguise. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-16 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Development Aid, Conditionality, Aid Effectiveness, World Bank Report, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601080 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601080  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:1-16




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C-J. Dalgaard 
Author-X-Name-First: C-J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dalgaard 
Author-Name: H. Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: On Aid, Growth and Good Policies 
Abstract:
  This study provides a critical analysis of the growth regressions in
 Burnside and Dollar [2000]. First, we analyse the relationship between aid
 and government expenditure in a modified neo-classical growth model. One
 of the main results of the analysis is that while good policies spur
 growths they may at the same time reduce the effectiveness of foreign aid.
 Second, we show that the econometric results in Burnside and Dollar
 emphasising the crucial role of interaction between aid and good policies
 in the growth process are fragile, as they are extremely data dependent.
 Finally, we demonstrate that the Burnside and Dollar data lend support to
 the idea that the association between aid and growth can be approximated
 by decreasing returns to aid. This finding conforms well to regression
 results in other recent studies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 17-41 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Growth Regressions, Aid, Government Expenditure, Good Policies, Burnside and Dollar, Aid Effectiveness, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601081 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601081  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:17-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: H. White 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Are There Negative Returns to Aid? 
Abstract:
  The World Bank report Assessing Aid assumes that an inflow of aid, above
 a certain level, starts to have negative effects. In this analysis we
 empirically test this assumption. We find evidence for negative returns to
 aid at high levels of aid inflows. However, the results are sensitive to
 both the countries included in the sample and model specification.
 Moreover, the turning-point above which aid starts to have a negative
 effect on growth seems to be much higher than assumed in the background
 calculations for Assessing Aid. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 42-65 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Aid Inflows, World Bank Report, Negative Effects, Good Policy, Levels of Aid Inflows, Growth, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601082 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601082  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:42-65




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Guillaumont 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillaumont 
Author-Name: L. Chauvet 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chauvet 
Title: Aid and Performance: A Reassessment 
Abstract:
  Two visions of aid effectiveness and allocation are compared. The first,
 corresponding to the new aid paradigm, argues that aid is only effective
 if domestic policies are appropriate. The second, in contrast, argues that
 aid effectiveness depends on the external and climatic environment: the
 worse this environment, or the more vulnerable the recipient countries,
 the greater the effectiveness of aid. Cross-sectional econometric tests
 related to GDP growth on two 12-year pooled periods clearly favour the
 second view. The two views can be reconciled through the principle of
 performance-based aid allocation, where performance is defined as outcomes
 adjusted for the impact of environmental factors. Performance can then be
 measured in several manners which are subject to comparison. One approach
 would lead one to allocate more aid the worse the (external) environment
 is (for a given policy) and the better the policy is (for a given
 environment). 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 66-92 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: World Bank Report, Aid Effectiveness, Allocation, Environmental Factors, Performance, Measurements, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601083 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601083  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:66-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Doornbos 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doornbos 
Title: 'Good Governance': The Rise and Decline of a Policy Metaphor? 
Abstract:
  This study aims to explore the conditions under which the criterion of
 'good governance' first became adopted as a donor policy metaphor and now
 seems likely to get eclipsed. Why did it emerge at the time it did, and
 what, since then, has been its track record? Particular attention will be
 given in this regard to successive shifts in the relevant policy thinking
 within the World Bank. Moreover, the study discusses whether good
 governance is likely to keep drawing the same level of attention as it has
 done hitherto. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 93-108 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Good Governance, Policies, World Bank, Criterion, Recipient Governments, Donor Polices, Conditionality, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601084 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601084  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:93-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. van der Hoeven 
Author-X-Name-First: R. van der 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoeven 
Title: Assessing Aid and Global Governance 
Abstract:
  This analysis argues for a system of global economic, social and
 political governance in which development aid is part of wider global
 redistributive mechanisms to foster social progress and development in the
 twenty-first century. The study provides two arguments in favour of
 setting up a new system of global governance, and the role of aid in such
 a new system. First, since in the current international economic system
 aid cannot cope with adverse external shocks, a new system of global
 governance is necessary in order to protect LDCs from the volatility of
 the international economic system. Second, it is argued that a new system
 of global governance is needed to improve redistribution at the global
 level to foster social progress and development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 109-117 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Global Government, Development Aid, Social Progress, New System, Developing Countries, International Economic System, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601085 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601085  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:37:y:2001:i:6:p:109-117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. McGillvray 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGillvray 
Author-Name: O. Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Title: Aid Illusion and Public Sector Behaviour 
Abstract:
  Conventional treatments of fungibility, such as in Assessing Aid, are
 concerned with evidence that aid recipients do not increase sufficiently
 (that is, by the amount of aid) expenditure on specific areas favoured by
 donors. In other words, fungibility implies that recipients divert aid to
 expenditure on areas donors do not wish to fund. However, there is
 evidence that aggregate expenditure, and even spending on donor-supported
 areas, rises by more than the value of the aid inflow. This contribution,
 using insights from the public choice research on fiscal illusion,
 provides a range of theoretical scenarios to explain this outcome.
 Included are scenarios where, even where all the features of fungibility
 are present, expenditure on areas favoured by the donor can increase by
 more than the value of the aid inflow. The study concludes by suggesting
 new directions for research on aid policy and the impact of aid on the
 public sector in developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 118-136 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 37 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Aid Recipients, Fungibility, Donors, Expenditure, New Research Directions, Aid Policies, Public Sector, Developing Countries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601086 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601086  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601099 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601099  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. F. Joireman 
Author-X-Name-First: S. F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joireman 
Title: Property Rights and the Role of the State: Evidence from the Horn of Africa 
Abstract:
  This study applies extant theories of property rights change to three
 land tenure systems in Imperial Ethiopia. Two of the areas underwent
 changes in property rights after experiencing changes in the value of
 land; one did not. A data set of litigation over land rights is used in
 conjunction with case studies to understand the mechanisms motivating or
 impeding property rights change. Amendments to the role of the state are
 suggested and two conclusions are reached: (1) that movement towards
 greater specificity of land rights did not always occur; and (2) the
 changes in property rights that occurred were imposed from above, rather
 than occurring endogenously. Where property rights changes did not occur,
 they appear to have been blocked by the state, which was more concerned
 with political survival than with revenue maximisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-36 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: property rights theories, Imperial Ethiopia, property rights change, institutional change, exogenous institutional change, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601100 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601100  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. Kabeer 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kabeer 
Title: Ideas, Economics and 'the Sociology of Supply': Explanations for Fertility Decline in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  The persistence of high rates of fertility in Bangladesh, despite the
 poverty of its population, has been given alternative, and apparently
 competing, explanations, including the absence of effective forms of
 family planning, the resilience of pro-natalist values and norms and the
 existence of material constraints which led to the reliance on children as
 economic assets. The recent and dramatic declines in fertility rates, in
 the absence of any apparent major economic changes in the decades prior to
 the onset of fertility decline, appears to contradict materialist
 explanations for fertility behaviour and to support explanations which
 stressed ideas about the acceptability of birth control and the
 availability of the means for doing so. This article argues that such an
 interpretation is based on an historical analysis of events in Bangladesh.
 It offers an alternative explanation which stresses socio-economic change
 as the primary motor for change in family size preferences, but which
 recognises the role of modern forms of family planning in facilitating the
 pace of the resulting fertility decline. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 29-70 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: fertility rates, Bangladesh, fertility behaviour, family planning, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322181 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322181  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: Celebrations as Social Investments: Festival Expenditures, Unit Price Variation and Social Status in Rural India 
Abstract:
  Festival expenditures amount to over 15 per cent of a household's annual
 expenditures in rural India. Yet they have never been studied by
 economists. This article uses both qualitative and quantitative data from
 a case study of three South Indian villages to show that festivals are
 important public goods in the village, but neither a pure entertainment
 motive nor an altruistic desire to contribute to a public event seems to
 explain their size. Households which spend money on festivals, everything
 else held equal, are able, however, to generate tangible rewards - lower
 prices on food, higher social status and more invitations to meals from
 other families. This indicates that active participation in festivals
 generates private economic and social returns which help resolve a
 potential free-rider problem. The evidence is consistent with the notion
 that festivals serve as mechanisms by which communities build social
 networks. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 71-97 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: festival expenditures, active participation, economic and social rewards, building social networks, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601102 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601102  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. E. Weller 
Author-X-Name-First: C. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weller 
Title: Financial Crises After Financial Liberalisation: Exceptional Circumstances or Structural Weakness? 
Abstract:
  In this article, I argue that emerging economies are systematically
 becoming more susceptible to both currency and banking crises after
 financial liberalisation (FL). Using data for 27 emerging economies from
 1973 to 1998, univariate and multivariate analyses indicate that the
 likelihood of currency crises and banking crises increase after FL. In
 particular, liberalisation allows more liquidity to enter an emerging
 economy, which finds its way into productive and speculative projects.
 What is common to both types of crises is a significant increase in
 speculative financing, thereby increasing the chance for borrower default.
 Thus, the outflow of international capital becomes more likely. The chance
 of a crisis occurring in response to changes in short-term loans is
 greater after FL than before. Similarly, the chance of a currency crisis
 occurring following a currency overvaluation is larger after FL than
 before. In comparison, the likelihood of a banking crisis occurring in
 response to an overvalued currency remains the same. Finally, the results
 show that the chance of a currency crisis declines over time, while the
 chance of a banking crisis increases after FL. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 98-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: emerging economies, financial liberalisation, currency and banking crises, speculative financing, currency overvaluation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322201  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. G. Richards 
Author-X-Name-First: D. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards 
Title: Exports as a Determinant of Long-Run Growth in Paraguay, 1966-96 
Abstract:
  During the 1970s and early 1980s Paraguay experienced relatively high
 rates of economic growth as well as a boom in primary goods production
 destined for export. The question which this research addresses concerns
 the relationship between these events and the applicability of the
 so-called export-led growth (ELG) hypothesis. The hypothesis is
 investigated via the use of modern time series methods including Granger
 causality tests, error correction modeling, and vector autoregression. The
 basic conclusion reached is that the ELG does not have much relevance to
 the Paraguayan case. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 128-146 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Paraguay, economic growth, primary goods exports, export-led growth hypothesis, ELG, modern time series methods, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322211 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322211  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:1:p:128-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. G. Huff 
Author-X-Name-First: W. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huff 
Title: Discussion: Building the Developmental State: Achieving Economic Growth Through Co-operative Solutions: A Comment on Bringing Politics Back I 
Abstract:
  Drawing on the insights of game theory and East Asian experience, this
 short note argues the importance of co-operative solutions in achieving
 economic development. To realise these, even genuine developmental states
 must convince a sceptical private sector of their commitment to economic
 development. Because of this, credibility should be added to the mix of
 ingredients necessary for a successful developmental state. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 147-151 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: game theory, East Asia, achieving economic development, successful developmental state, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322221 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322221  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:1:p:147-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Leftwich 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leftwich 
Title: Discussion: Keeping Politics Right In - A Reply to Huff, Dewit and Oughton 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 152-155 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: development state, capitalist market economy, state-private sector relationship, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322231 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322231  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:1:p:152-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews and Books Received 
Abstract:
  Author: NEEFJES, KOOS; Environments and Livelihoods: Strategies for
 Sustainability; Reviewer: Caroline Ashley; Editors: KLEINBERG, REMONDA
 BENSABAT and CLARK, JANINE A.; Economic Liberalization, Democratization
 and Civil Society in the Developing World; Reviewer: Walter Eberlei;
 Authors: CORBRIDGE, STUART and HARRISS, JOHN; Reinventing India:
 Liberalisation, Hindu Nationalism and Popular Democracy; Reviewer:
 Gurharpal Singh; Author: SEABRIGHT, PAUL; The Vanishing Rouble: Barter
 Networks and Non-Monetary Transactions in Post-Soviet Societies; Reviewer:
 Alistair McAuley; Author: BRASS, TOM; Peasants, Populism and
 Postmodernism: The Return of the Agrarian Myth; Reviewer: James Overton;
 Author: MBAKU, J.M.; Bureaucratic and Political Corruption in Africa: The
 Public Choice Perspective; Reviewer: Robert Williams; Author:
 ROSE-ACKERMAN, SUSAN; Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences and
 Reform; Reviewer: Robert Williams; Author: FIELDS, GARY S.; Distribution
 and Development: A New Look at the Developing World; Reviewer: Arne
 Bigsten; Author: ABU SHAIR, OSANA J.A.R.; Privatization and Development;
 Reviewer: Stephen Trotter; Editors: COOK, PAUL, KIRKPATRICK, COLIN and
 NIXSON, FREDERICK; Privatization, Enterprise Development and Economic
 Reform: Experiences of Developing and Transitional Economies; Reviewer:
 Stephen Trotter; Editor: HARRIS, GEOFF; Recovery from Armed Conflict in
 Developing Countries: An Economic and Political Analysis; Reviewer: Paul
 Dunne 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 156-177 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Review Books, Books Received, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322241 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322241  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:1:p:156-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601119 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601119  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:1-6




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Author-Name: P. Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Title: Gender, Networks and Mexico-US Migration 
Abstract:
  In this article, we examine whether the causes and patterns of Mexican
 rural female migration differ significantly from rural male migration. A
 number of hypotheses are discussed to explain why female migration may
 differ from male migration, with a particular emphasis on the role of
 migrant networks. Using data from a national survey of rural Mexican
 households in the ejido sector, significant differences between the
 determinants of male and female migration are found. While evidence
 suggests that networks play an important role in female migration, we find
 that, contrary to case study evidence, female networks are not more
 influential than male networks in female migration. In fact, female and
 male networks are found to be substitutes, suggesting they serve similar
 functions in female migration. Although female migrant networks do not
 play a special role in the female migration decision, the destination of
 female migrants is strongly influenced by the location of female network
 migrants. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Mexico, rural female migration, ejido, migrant networks, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322251 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322251  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. K. Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: J. K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Author-Name: L. Ndikumana 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndikumana 
Title: Is Africa a Net Creditor? New Estimates of Capital Flight from Severely Indebted Sub-Saharan African Countries, 1970-96 
Abstract:
  This article presents estimates of capital flight from 25 low-income
 sub-Saharan African countries in the period 1970 to 1996. Capital flight
 totaled more than $193 billion (in 1996 dollars); with imputed interest
 earnings, the accumulated stock of flight capital amounts to $285 billion.
 The combined external debt of these countries stood at $178 billion in
 1996. Taking capital flight as a measure of private external assets, and
 calculating net external assets as private external assets minus public
 external debts, sub-Saharan Africa thus appears to be a net creditor
 vis-a-vis the rest of the world. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 27-56 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: capital flight, sub-Saharan Africa, external debt, net creditor, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322261 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322261  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:27-56




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Gidwani 
Author-X-Name-First: V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gidwani 
Title: The Cultural Logic of Work: Explaining Labour Deployment and Piece-Rate Contracts in Matar Taluka, Gujarat - Parts 1 and 2 
Abstract:
  This two-part essay seeks to explain why group-based and individual
 piecework arrangements have become the modal form of payment for a variety
 of agricultural tasks in central Gujarat, India. Part 1 of the essay
 reviews New Institutional Economics (NIE) and Marxist Political Economy
 (MPE) approaches to the labour process, and claims that while the
 'efficiency' and 'disciplinary' considerations emphasized by NIE and MPE
 in their explanations of contractual change are important influences on
 the labour process, specific institutional outcomes depend heavily on the
 cultural realities of actors' practices. Part 2 challenges the
 epistemological assumptions of NIE and MPE narratives, specifically that
 agents with stable identities perform actions with fixed meanings.
 Instead, the recent surge in piecework employment must be viewed as part
 of an ongoing tussle between the dominant Lewa Patel caste and the
 subordinate Baraiya/Koli caste to alter their relative standings in the
 social order. Their unceasing attempts to reinvent their group identities
 have involved shifting understandings of 'work' - with direct implications
 for labour contracts. As a corrective to NIE and MPE, the essay proposes a
 semiotic approach to the labour process that bundles the notions of
 'social regulation' and 'self-regulation' into the concept of 'work
 governmentality'. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 57-108 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: piecework arrangements, central Gujarat, new institutional economics, Marxist political economy, work governmentality, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601122 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601122  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:57-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. S. Arbache 
Author-X-Name-First: J. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arbache 
Title: Wage Differentials in Brazil: Theory and Evidence 
Abstract:
  The investigation of wage determination and wage differentials in
 developing countries has concentrated on the effects of human capital and
 different sources of segmentation associated with institutional
 arrangements and structural characteristics on earnings. In this article,
 we use micro-data for Brazil for the 1980s and 1990s to test several
 competitive theories, and models with segmentation explained by efficiency
 wages. We find that unmeasured abilities and efficiency wage models seem
 to play a role in wage determination, while compensating differentials and
 transitory difference theories were found to be irrelevant to wages
 formation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 109-130 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: wage determination, wage differentials, human capital, institutional arrangements, structural characteristics, Brazil, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322281 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322281  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:109-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Kamas 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamas 
Title: Monetary and Exchange Rate Policy in Colombia: Effects on the Real Exchange Rate in the 1990s 
Abstract:
  This article examines the causes and effects of the real exchange rate
 appreciation in Colombia during the 1990s. The substantial appreciation of
 the real exchange rate during the 1990s was an important factor
 contributing to the economic crisis of 1998-2000. While a number of
 Colombian economists have argued that the real appreciation was an
 equilibrating response to real shocks, such as rising fiscal deficits,
 petroleum discoveries, and increased productivity, this paper argues that
 nominal variables (including the nominal exchange rate, monetary policy
 and capital flows) also played an important role. These transitory shocks
 caused the real exchange rate to overshoot its long-run equilibrium,
 contributing to the recent economic crisis and the necessity for the large
 nominal depreciation of the peso in 1998-99. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 131-166 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: real exchange rate appreciation, Colombia, economic crisis, depreciation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322291 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322291  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:131-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Yao 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao 
Author-Name: Z. Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Z. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: Regional Growth in China Under Economic Reforms 
Abstract:
  This article uses both cross-section and panel data approaches to study
 regional growth in China. Inter-regional income inequality increased
 ((divergence), the rich regions became richer but poor regions poorer (b
 divergence), over the data period 1978-95. This contradicts results from
 other cross-region country studies shown by Sala-i-Martin [1996] and some
 earlier studies on China. Only after controlling for regional effects,
 population growth, and investment in both physical and human capital do
 the data show significant b-convergence. More interestingly, the degree of
 openness and transportation are two other important factors responsible
 for differences in regional growth. This finding has important
 implications for regional development policy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 167-186 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: regional growth, China, income inequality, regional development policy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322301 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322301  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:167-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews and Books Received 
Abstract:
  Author: MASKUS, KEITH; Intellectual Property Rights in the Global
 Economy; Reviewer: Donald G. Richards; Author: SVEDBERG, PETER; Poverty
 and Undernutrition: Theory, Measurement and Policy; Reviewer: Stephen
 Devereux; Editors: JALILAN, HOSSEIN, TRIBE, MICHAEL and WEISS, JOHN;
 Industrial Development and Policy in Africa: Issues of
 De-industrialisation and Development Strategy; Reviewer: Peter Lawrence;
 Editors: WISE, CAROL and ROETT, RIORDAN; Exchange Rate Politics in Latin
 America; Reviewer: Omar Sanchez; Author: THE WORLD BANK; India: Reducing
 Poverty, Accelerating Development; Reviewer: John Farrington 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 187-206 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2001 
Keywords: Review Books, Books Received, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322311 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322311  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2001:i:2:p:187-206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601151 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601151  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:3:p:1-6




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 181-182 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601148 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601148  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:3:p:181-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Adato 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adato 
Author-Name: L. Haddad 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haddad 
Title: Targeting Poverty through Community-Based Public Works Programmes: Experience from South Africa 
Abstract:
  Since the transition to democracy, South African public works programmes
 have been designed to involve community participation, and have aimed to
 target the poor. This article examines the targeting performance of seven
 programmes in Western Cape Province, and analyses the role of government,
 community-based organisations, trade unions and the private sector in
 explaining targeting outcomes. These programmes were not well targeted
 geographically in terms of highest poverty, unemployment or infrastructure
 needs. Within localities, jobs went to the poor and unemployed, though not
 always the poorest, and did well in reaching women, despite gender bias.
 Targeting guidelines of the state are mediated by diverse and sometimes
 conflicting priorities that emerge in programmes with multiple objectives,
 by local perceptions of need and entitlement, and by competing voices
 within civil society. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-36 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: South Africa, public works programmes, Western Cape Province, multiple objectives, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322321 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322321  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. S. Lieberman 
Author-X-Name-First: E. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lieberman 
Title: How South African Citizens Evaluate Their Economic Obligations to the State 
Abstract:
  This article explores the relationship between feelings about political
 community and citizen evaluations of the state's demands for taxation. It
 finds preliminary support for the hypothesis that to the extent that
 individuals identify themselves with the state-sponsored view of the
 nation, they will perceive the allocation of costs and benefits to be more
 'fair', and will be more inclined to comply with demands for taxation.
 This conclusion is based upon analysis of a 1997 dataset resulting from a
 national survey of adult South Africans, a society characterized by a
 great diversity of feelings about political community, and other
 socio-economic factors. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 37-62 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: political community, taxation, 1997 dataset, South Africans, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322331 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322331  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Bryant 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryant 
Author-Name: A. Prohmmo 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prohmmo 
Title: Equal Contributions and Unequal Risks in a North-east Thai Village Funeral Society 
Abstract:
  Village funeral societies in north-east Thailand collect equal
 contributions from all participating households, even though some
 households are much more likely to experience deaths and receive money
 from the funeral society than others. The societies' use of the equal
 contributions rule is not an outcome of the asymmetric distribution of
 information on risks. It reflects, instead, an ambivalence over the
 relevance of expected returns, a willingness to subsidise fellow
 villagers, and the need to maximise simplicity and transparency to
 safeguard against mismanagement and corruption. The equal contributions
 rule is efficient, in that it leads to low administrative costs, has no
 clearly superior alternatives, and creates only minor adverse selection. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 63-75 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: northeast Thailand, village funeral societies, equal contributions rule, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322341 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322341  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Regmi 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Regmi 
Author-Name: C. Tisdell 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tisdell 
Title: Remitting Behaviour of Nepalese Rural-to-Urban Migrants: Implications for Theory and Policy 
Abstract:
  This article uses data for Nepal to test contemporary hypotheses about
 the remitting behaviour and associated motives of rural-to-urban migrants
 and to consider the likely impact of such remittances on rural
 development. Possibilities for inheritance, degree of family attachment,
 likelihood of eventual return to place of origin and family investment in
 the education of the migrants are found to be significant influences on
 levels of remittances by Nepalese migrants. However, in Nepal, remittances
 do not seem to result in long-term capital investment in rural areas and
 so may not promote long-term development of these areas. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 76-94 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Asia, education, Nepal, migration, remittances, rural development, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322351 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322351  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Patibandla 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patibandla 
Title: Policy Reforms and Evolution of Market Structure in an Emerging Economy: The Case of India 
Abstract:
  Policy reforms have facilitated entry of quite a few transnational
 corporations (TNC) into Indian industries. This has important implications
 for the evolution of competitive industrial structure. This article
 focuses on the issue of the response mechanism of local firms to
 competition from new entrant TNCs and the possible strategies of TNCs in
 penetrating the Indian market. It develops a conceptual framework by
 incorporating elements of intangible assets theory and new institutional
 economics into a simple sequential entry oligopoly model. This yields
 interesting insights into qualitative behaviour of firms in the
 post-reforms period. A few hypotheses drawn from the conceptual framework
 are empirically tested on the basis of firm level panel data drawn from a
 set of Indian industries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 95-118 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: market reforms, transnational corporations, incumbent local firms, new entrants and market institutions, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322361 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322361  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:3:p:95-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Aggarwal 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aggarwal 
Title: Liberalisation, Multinational Enterprises and Export Performance: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing 
Abstract:
  This article tests two empirical hypotheses: one, MNE affiliates perform
 distinctly better than their local counterparts in the export markets in a
 globalised economy, and two, the MNE affiliates have greater comparative
 advantages in high-tech than in low- and medium-tech industries. Tobit
 estimates of a large data set of Indian manufacturing firms for the late
 1990s provide relatively weak support to the first hypothesis. A
 disaggregated industry-group-wise analysis indicates that MNE affiliates
 perform no better than their local counterparts in high-tech industries.
 Thus, even with a higher level of integration with the global economy in
 the 1990s India appears to have failed in attracting efficiency-seeking
 FDI on a significant scale, particularly in high-tech industries. R&D and
 efficiency of manpower emerge as two significant determinants of
 international competitiveness in technology-based sectors (high- and
 medium-high tech sectors). Imports of raw materials enhance the export
 competitiveness of firms in all industry groups. Finally, large firms are
 found to be more export oriented, implying the need for creating large
 flagship companies in the country. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 119-137 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Liberalisation, Multinational Enterprises, Export Performance, Indian Manufacturing Sector, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322371 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322371  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Aswicahyono 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aswicahyono 
Author-Name: H. Hill 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill 
Title: 'Perspiration' vs 'Inspiration' in Asian Industrialisation: Indonesia Before the Crisis 
Abstract:
  This article examines trends in and determinants of total factor
 productivity (TFP) in 28 manufacturing industries in Indonesia over the
 period 1975-93. The reforms of the mid-1980s appeared to have resulted in
 a significant acceleration of TFP growth. Among the inter-industry
 determinants of TFP growth, trade policy and orientation, domestic
 competitive pressures and ownership factors are singled out for scrutiny.
 The trade regime and one measure of domestic competition emerge as
 consistently important explanatory factors. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 138-163 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: total factor productivity, TFP growth, Indonesia, trade regime, domestic competition, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322381 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322381  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:3:p:138-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  Author: BASSETT, THOMAS J.; The Peasant Cotton Revolution in West Africa:
 Ivory Coast 1880-1995; Reviewer: Jerome Coll; Author: KONG, TAT YAN; The
 Politics of Economic Reform in South Korea: A Fragile Miracle; Reviewer:
 Chang Kyung-Sup; Author: LIE, JOHN; Han Unbound: The Political Economy of
 South Korea: Reviewer: Chang Kyung-Sup; Editors: EADE, DEBORAH and
 LIGTERINGEN, ERNST; Debating Development: NGOs and the Future; Reviewer:
 Barry Riddell; Editor: MALIK, HAFEEZ; Pakistan: Founders' Aspirations and
 Today's Realities; Reviewer: Naveed Naqvi; Editor: WYPLOSZ, CHARLES; The
 Impact of EMU on Europe and the Developing Countries; Reviewer: Juan
 Paez-Farrell; Author: TRIPP, AILI MARI; Women and Politics in Uganda;
 Reviewer: May Christine Sengendo; Editor: SCHUURMAN, FRANS J.;
 Globalization and Development Studies: Challenges for the 21st Century;
 Reviewer: Ray Kiely; Editors: BAULCH, BOB and HODDINOTT, JOHN; Economic
 Mobility and Poverty Dynamics in Developing Countries; Reviewer:
 Christopher B. Barrett 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-180 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322391 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322391  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:3:p:164-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601176 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601176  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:1-6




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 221-223 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601174 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601174  
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:221-223




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. de Janvry 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Janvry 
Author-Name: E. Sadoulet 
Author-X-Name-First: E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sadoulet 
Title: World Poverty and the Role of Agricultural Technology: Direct and Indirect Effects 
Abstract:
  Agricultural technology can help reduce poverty through direct and
 indirect effects. Direct effects are gains for the adopters while indirect
 effects are gains derived from adoption by others leading to lower food
 prices, employment creation, and growth linkage effects. Conceptualising
 and measuring these effects is highly complex, yet is needed for each
 region if technology is to be used as an effective instrument for poverty
 reduction. We propose a methodology for doing this in the context of
 computable general equilibrium modelling and apply it to archetype models
 for Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Results show that the dominant effect
 of technology on poverty is through direct effects in Africa, indirect
 agricultural employment effects in Asia, and linkage effects through the
 rest of the economy in Latin America. In each case, increasing the poverty
 reduction effect through the targeting of technology across crops and
 through complementary rural development programmes is also explored. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: agricultural technology, poverty, general equilibrium modelling, direct and indirect effects, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322401 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322401  
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. N. Appiah 
Author-X-Name-First: E. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Appiah 
Author-Name: W. W. McMahon 
Author-X-Name-First: W. W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McMahon 
Title: The Social Outcomes of Education and Feedbacks on Growth in Africa 
Abstract:
  Most of the effects of education included in the complete model presented
 here are shown to be consistent with those found in the mainstream of the
 research on each outcome using microeconomic data. This, however, is a
 first effort to estimate net education effects more comprehensively,
 beyond just growth and health effects on other key measures of development
 in Africa, and also a new view of indirect feedbacks on economic growth
 and of externalities. After developing the conceptual framework, the
 regression estimates are presented together with a discussion of the net
 direct and indirect effects of education on each outcome. These are shown
 to improve infant mortality, increase longevity, strengthen civic
 institutions and democratisation, increase political stability, and
 increase investment in physical capital, which in turn have positive
 delayed feedback effects on the economic growth process. The effects also
 lower fertility rates and population growth rates but the latter occurs
 only after long delays because of the short-term positive effects of
 education on health. There are significant net education effects reducing
 poverty, inequality and crime, the latter after netting out negative
 externalities from growth and white-collar crime. Education effects
 reducing poverty and substituting skills for extractive exports also
 contribute to environmental sustainability. Simulations solve the complete
 model endogenously and iteratively over time for all of the direct and
 indirect (largely externality) effects. They reveal that indirect feedback
 effects including those on non-market outcomes are larger than the direct
 effects. Some effects are immediate, but many of the lags are long. So
 policy options for a continent in crisis that consider these lags are
 considered. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 27-68 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: education, social outcomes, microeconomic data, regression estimates, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322411 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322411  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:27-68




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. Abegaz 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abegaz 
Title: Structural Convergence in Manufacturing Industries between Leaders and Latecomers 
Abstract:
  This article uses cross-country panel data on three-digit manufacturing
 to test for progressive structural convergence in industrial output mix
 between industrialising and industrialised economies. Regressions based on
 Logistic and Almost-Ideal models show that industrial deepening entails
 share losses for light and selected heavy manufacturing, and share gains
 for engineering and consumer durables. While semi-industrial economies
 manage to shift into petrochemical and engineering industries, the least
 industrialised nurture a broad spectrum of non-traditional manufacturing.
 Diversity in factor endowments and policy notwithstanding, growing
 similarity in demand and technological diffusion appear to produce weak
 convergence of industrial structures between developing and developed
 countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 69-99 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: progressive structural convergence, cross-country panel data, Logistic and Almost-Ideal models, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322421 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322421  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:69-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Graham 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham 
Author-Name: S. Pettinato 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettinato 
Title: Frustrated Achievers: Winners, Losers and Subjective Well-Being in New Market Economies 
Abstract:
  To date the literature on subjective well-being has focused on the
 developed economies. We provide empirical evidence from two emerging
 market countries, Peru and Russia. Our results - and in particular a
 strong negative skew in the assessments of the respondents with the
 greatest income gains - support the importance of relative rather than
 absolute income differences. Among other factors, we attribute our results
 to shifts in reference norms and to macroeconomic volatility. Relative
 differences seem to matter more for those in the middle of the
 distribution than for the very wealthy or the very poor. Our respondents
 were more critical in assessing their progress vis-a-vis others in their
 country versus those in their community. The large and consistent gap we
 find between objective income trends and the subjective assessments of the
 upwardly mobile may have implications for the future economic and
 political behaviour of a group that is critical to the sustainability of
 market policies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 100-140 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: subjective well-being, Peru, Russia, relative income differences, sustainability of market policies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322431 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322431  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:100-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Magnusson 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Magnusson 
Author-Name: B. Wydick 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wydick 
Title: How Efficient are Africa's Emerging Stock Markets? 
Abstract:
  The development of financial institutions has been viewed in recent years
 as critical to the economic development process. This research uses recent
 data from the eight largest African stock markets to test whether these
 markets meet the criterion of weak-form stock market efficiency with
 returns characterised by a random walk. Results are then compared with
 similar tests on emerging stock markets in South-east Asia and Latin
 America. Conclusions from the research indicate that test results for
 weak-form efficiency in the emerging African stock markets compare
 favourably with those performed on other emerging stock markets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 141-156 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: development of financial institutions, African stock markets, weak-form efficiency, emerging stock markets, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322441 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322441  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:141-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Q. Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Q. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: B. Felmingham 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Felmingham 
Title: The Role of FDI, Exports and Spillover Effects in the Regional Development of China 
Abstract:
  The objective of this analysis is to assess the impacts of export
 expansion, inward FDI, domestic investment and labour on the growth of
 China's Eastern, Central and Western regions using panel data over the
 period 1984 to 1998. A major contribution of the study is its tests for
 the presence of interregional spillover effects. The study indicates that
 both inward FDI and domestic investment stimulate growth in all three
 regions and for the PRC as a whole and that export expansion stimulates
 the growth of the PRC, Eastern and Central China, but not the West. Labour
 enhances the growth of the more traditional Western region, but not the
 more capital intensive Eastern seaboard or the PRC in its entirety.
 Finally, output growth spills over from the East to Western and Central
 China and from the Central area to Western China. These results are fully
 explained in the text. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 157-178 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: inward FDI, China, domestic investment, export expansion, Eastern, Central and Western China, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322451 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322451  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Wiggins 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiggins 
Author-Name: N. Keilbach 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keilbach 
Author-Name: K. Preibisch 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Preibisch 
Author-Name: S. Proctor 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Proctor 
Author-Name: G. R. Herrejon 
Author-X-Name-First: G. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrejon 
Author-Name: G. R. Munoz 
Author-X-Name-First: G. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munoz 
Title: DISCUSSION - Agricultural Policy Reform and Rural Livelihoods in Central Mexico 
Abstract:
  This contribution examines the impact of profound changes to agricultural
 policy implemented since 1988 on the livelihoods of Mexico's rural
 population. Detailed studies in four villages show that rural incomes are
 very unevenly distributed within communities leaving half of households in
 poverty. During the last decade key factors affecting village economies
 have been international and national, rather than specific changes to farm
 policy. Most changes have been to the detriment of the communities
 studied, but peasant households have adapted and survived, at a price. If
 the worst fears about the consequences of economic liberalisation have not
 been realised, neither have the hopes. Depressed markets for basic goods
 and services have limited the growth of the rural economy. Private
 investment and provision of services have not been stimulated. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 179-202 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: agricultural policy, central Mexico, economic liberalisation, private investment, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322461 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322461  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:4:p:179-202




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  Editors: EDWARDS, MICHAEL and GAVENTA, JOHN; Global Citizen Action;
 Reviewer: Ray Kiely; Editor: HARRISON, DAVID; Tourism and the Less
 Developed World: Issues and Case Studies; Reviewer: Clem Tisdell; Author:
 WORLD BANK POLICY RESEARCH REPORT; Finance for Growth: Policy Choices in a
 Volatile World; Reviewer: A.P. Thirlwall; Editors: MORRISSEY, OLIVER and
 FILATOTCHEV, IGOR; Globalization and Trade: Implications for Exports from
 Marginalised Economies; Reviewer: Alasdair MacBean; Author: FRANCIS,
 ELIZABETH; Making a Living: Cahnging Livelihoods in Rural Africa;
 Reviewer: Nici Nelson; Author: BHALLA, A.S.; Market or Government
 Failures? An Asian Perspective; Reviewer: Marie-Aimee Tourres; Authors:
 ATHUKORALA, PREMA-CHANDRA and MANNING, CHRIS; Structural Change and
 International Migration in East Asia: Adjusting to Labour Security;
 Reviewer: Michael J.G. Parnwell; Authors: ATHUKORALA, PREMA-CHANDRA,
 MANNING, CHRIS and WICKRAMASEKARA, PIYASIRI; Growth, Employment and
 Migration in Southeast Asia: Structural Change in the Greater Mekong
 Countries; Reviewer: Michael J.G. Parnwell; Editors: KOTHARI, UMA and
 MINOGUE, MARTIN; Development Theory and Practice: Critical Perspectives;
 Reviewer: Joy M. Moncrieffe; Authors: PINSTRUP-ANDERSEN, PER and
 SCHI&#xd8;LER, EBBE; Seeds of Contention: World Hunger and the Global
 Controversy over GM Crops; Reviewer: Robert Tripp; Author: PAARLBERG,
 ROBER L.; The Politics of Precaution: Genetically Modified Crops in
 Developing Countries; Reviewer: Robert Tripp 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 203-220 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322471 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322471  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: John Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: Chris Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-8 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Special Issue, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601204 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601204  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjan de Haan 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan 
Author-Name: Ben Rogaly 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogaly 
Title: Introduction: Migrant Workers and Their Role in Rural Change 
Abstract:
  This introductory essay and collection concern the social processes
 within which migration for manual work is located and which are influenced
 by that same migration. Writing from detailed empirical studies of
 migration in South and South-east Asia and Africa, the contributors
 provide illustrations of the importance and normality of migration in
 rural life. The studies show that the relationship between migration and
 rural change is complex and context-specific. Migration has often
 increased inequality, but in many cases also supported vulnerable
 livelihoods. Much depends on the social processes at work, the ways in
 which identities shift through migration and how gendered ideologies of
 work are deployed and change. Labour mobility usually serves the interests
 of capital, not only in ensuring labour supply, but also, often, in
 dividing workers; however, the power of capital relative to labour is
 contingent. We conclude this essay by exploring ways in which public
 policies can support migrants by making migration less costly and more
 secure, by reducing discrimination and enhancing access to health care and
 other services. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-14 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: social processes, migration for manual work, empirical studies, south and south-east Asia and Africa, rural change, labour mobility, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322481 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322481  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Hampshire 
Author-X-Name-First: Kate 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hampshire 
Title: Fulani on the Move: Seasonal Economic Migration in the Sahel as a Social Process 
Abstract:
  Most research on short-term rural to urban migration and its impacts
 takes an economic approach and often emphasises negative aspects of
 migration, linking it synergistically with rural poverty in sending areas.
 Data from Fulani migrants in Northern Burkina Faso challenge this
 pessimistic view of short-term labour migration. Rather than a response to
 destitution, migration seems to be a useful way in which reasonably
 prosperous households can further enhance livelihood security. Moreover,
 factors not easily incorporated into a standard economic analysis,
 identity and village networks, emerge as being essential to the
 understanding of migration in this population. Finally, migration emerges
 as a highly dynamic process, which an ahistorical, static framework of
 analysis fails to capture. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 15-36 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: rural to urban migration, rural poverty, Fulani, Burkina Faso, short-term labour migration, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322491 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322491  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjan de Haan 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan 
Author-Name: Karen Brock 
Author-X-Name-First: Karen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brock 
Author-Name: Ngolo Coulibaly 
Author-X-Name-First: Ngolo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coulibaly 
Title: Migration, Livelihoods and Institutions: Contrasting Patterns of Migration in Mali 
Abstract:
  Migration is a common and essential livelihood strategy in the risk-prone
 environment of Sahelian West Africa. But migration is not a passive
 reaction to economic and environmental forces. Patterns of movement are
 determined by context-specific and complex dynamics, mediated by social
 networks, gender relations and household structures. IDS-based research on
 sustainable livelihoods illustrated this in two locations in Mali: in a
 village in the Sahelian dryland with different and gendered migration
 patterns of various ethnic groups; and exceptional patterns in the
 Sudano-Sahelian cotton region with extensive and long-lasting engagement
 in small cocoa and coffee plantations in Cote d'Ivoire. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 37-58 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Sahelian West Africa, migration, IDS-based research, Mali, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322501 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322501  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Mosse 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosse 
Author-Name: Sanjeev Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjeev 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta 
Author-Name: Mona Mehta 
Author-X-Name-First: Mona 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehta 
Author-Name: Vidya Shah 
Author-X-Name-First: Vidya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah 
Author-Name: Julia fnms Rees 
Author-X-Name-First: Julia fnms 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rees 
Author-Name: KRIBP Project Team 
Author-X-Name-First: KRIBP Project 
Author-X-Name-Last: Team 
Title: Brokered livelihoods: Debt, Labour Migration and Development in Tribal Western India 
Abstract:
  Seasonal labour migration is an increasingly important aspect of rural
 livelihoods in tribal areas of Western India. Such migration can no longer
 be viewed merely as an adjunct to an essentially agrarian way of life, but
 has to be seen as integral to the coping, survival and livelihood
 strategies of tribal farming families. Rural to urban migration is often
 viewed as a consequence of environmental crisis in which migrants as
 'ecological refugees' [Gadgil and Guha 1995] are forcibly displaced by
 processes of deforestation, soil erosion, water scarcity, land
 fragmentation, declining agricultural productivity and population
 increase. While increasing pressure on a fragile resource base has indeed
 contributed to widespread failure to meet subsistence needs among tribal
 households, the research discussed in this study shows that the forces
 leading to migration are as much to do with the social relations of
 dependency and indebtedness which subsistence failure entails, as with
 ecological decline. The problem is not so much one of declining
 production, as of systems of usurious money lending, labour contracting
 and exploitation. The social experience and consequences of migration are
 far from uniform, but shaped by class and gender. For a minority of Bhil
 households migration offers positive opportunities for saving, investment
 and meeting contingencies. For the poorer majority, migration is a
 defensive coping strategy covering existing debts and extreme economic
 vulnerability. In combining unequal and individualised income accrual with
 the need for joint livelihood strategies, migration has a major impact on
 intra-household relations. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 59-88 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: seasonal labour migration, tribal Western India, ecological refugees, social relations of dependency, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322511 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322511  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Rogaly 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogaly 
Author-Name: Daniel Coppard 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coppard 
Author-Name: Abdur Safique 
Author-X-Name-First: Abdur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Safique 
Author-Name: Kumar Rana 
Author-X-Name-First: Kumar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rana 
Author-Name: Amrita Sengupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Amrita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sengupta 
Author-Name: Jhuma Biswas 
Author-X-Name-First: Jhuma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Biswas 
Title: Seasonal Migration and Welfare/Illfare in Eastern India: A Social Analysis 
Abstract:
  Over 500,000 people are regularly engaged in seasonal migration for rice
 work into southern West Bengal. This paper analyses social processes at
 work in the interactions between employers and workers, and the
 welfare/illfare outcomes. Group identities based on religion and ethnicity
 are strengthened through the experience of migration and deployed by some
 migrants to make this form of employment less degrading. In West Bengal
 seasonal migration can involve practical welfare gains. Importantly, an
 informal wage floor has been put into place and managed by the peasant
 union allied to the largest party in the Left Front regime. However, the
 costs and risks of migration remain high. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 89-114 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: seasonal migration, West Bengal, group identities, welfare gains, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322521 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322521  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjan de Haan 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan 
Title: Migration and Livelihoods in Historical Perspective: A Case Study of Bihar, India 
Abstract:
  Whereas other contributions in this volume focus on contemporary
 migration, this article explores the role migration has played over a long
 period of time, in western Bihar, India. By doing so, it reinforces one of
 the central themes in this volume, regarding the importance of migration
 for livelihoods: this case study challenges the assumption that migration
 would be a recent phenomenon, and argues that to understand the history of
 this area one needs to take account of the complex interaction between
 migration and development. Migration has been a livelihood strategy for
 many groups within the area, and the study explores how migration has been
 caused by and in turn influences poverty and livelihoods for men and
 women, and how these relationships have changed over time. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 115-142 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Bihar, India, migration, development, livelihood strategy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322531 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322531  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rebecca Elmhirst 
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elmhirst 
Title: Daughters and Displacement: Migration Dynamics in an Indonesian Transmigration Area 
Abstract:
  This study considers the ways 'indigenous' people have responded to the
 constraints and opportunities posed by the Indonesian government's
 transmigration programme in North Lampung, Sumatra. Migration is of
 increasing importance to the livelihoods of this group; particularly that
 involving the employment-related movement of young, unmarried women to the
 export-oriented factory zones of West Java. Female migration is notable in
 the context of customs confining unmarried women to the house, and
 negating their working in agriculture. The paper explores how factory
 migration has developed, drawing on field work conducted in 1994 and
 during the economic crisis in 1998, and focusing on the shifting terrain
 of intrahousehold power relations and decision-making in the community.
 Key to understanding migration dynamics in this area is the emergence of a
 culturally-conditioned social network linking village and city. This
 network has altered the terms upon which migration decisions and
 remittance practices are made, and may have cushioned. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 143-166 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Indonesia, North Lampung, West Java, female migration, factory migration, social network, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322541 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322541  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Francis 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Francis 
Title: Gender, Migration and Multiple Livelihoods: Cases from Eastern and Southern Africa 
Abstract:
  Focussing on Kenya, Lesotho and South Africa, this study examines the
 social impact in migrant-labour source areas of dramatically reduced
 employment prospects in urban areas. It considers the implications for
 rural livelihoods and the role which gender relations play in making
 possible, or impeding, people's ability to construct diversified
 livelihoods. When livelihoods change, gendered rights, responsibilities
 and power must be renegotiated. Husbands and wives may acknowledge
 interdependencies and negotiate, or they may disengage. Marriages may
 break down, or women become reluctant to marry at all, as the material
 basis of the household is undermined. These outcomes do not represent
 social breakdown, but residential instability is likely to become more
 common. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 167-190 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Kenya, Lesotho, South Africa, migrant-labour source areas, gender relations, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322551 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322551  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601235 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601235  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 194-196 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601230  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. Stillwaggon 
Author-X-Name-First: E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stillwaggon 
Title: HIV/AIDS in Africa: Fertile Terrain 
Abstract:
  An interdisciplinary approach that incorporates biomedical data into an
 economic analysis provides the necessary foundation for HIV/AIDS policy in
 poor countries. This article examines the biomedical effects of economic
 conditions in Africa that contribute to high rates of HIV transmission.
 The results of statistical analysis show the correlation of economic and
 epidemiological variables (nutrition, distribution of income, and
 urbanisation) with rates of HIV. The economic/biomedical hypothesis
 implies a broad policy response for confronting HIV/AIDS in Africa and in
 Asia and Latin America. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-22 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: biomedical data, economic analysis, HIV/AIDS policy, Africa, HIV transmission, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322561 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322561  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:6:p:1-22




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Gibson 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson 
Author-Name: S. Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Title: How Elastic is Calorie Demand? Parametric, Nonparametric, and Semiparametric Results for Urban Papua New Guinea 
Abstract:
  This article seeks further evidence on the elasticity of calorie demand
 with respect to household resources. The case presented is for urban areas
 of Papua New Guinea, where just over one-half of the population appear to
 obtain less than the recommended amount of dietary energy. The
 relationship between per capita calorie consumption and per capita
 expenditure in urban areas of Papua New Guinea is not consistent with the
 view that income changes have negligible effects on nutrient intakes. The
 unconditional calorie demand elasticity is approximately 0.6 for the
 poorest half of the population. Using parametric and semiparametric
 estimation to control for a wide range of other influences on calorie
 consumption does not materially reduce the size of the elasticity.
 Therefore, these results are not supportive of 'growth-pessimism' and
 instead suggest that policies that increase urban household incomes will
 also act to reduce undernutrition. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 23-46 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: calorie demand elasticity, household resources, urban Papua New Guinea, nutrient intakes, undernutrition, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322571 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322571  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:6:p:23-46




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Author-Name: A. R. Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: A. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Title: Control and Ownership of Assets Within Rural Ethiopian Households 
Abstract:
  This article investigates how the control and devolution of productive
 assets are allocated among husband and wife. Theory predicts that
 bargaining power within marriage depends on the division of assets upon
 divorce and on control over assets during marriage. Using detailed
 household data from rural Ethiopia, we show that assets brought to
 marriage, ownership of assets, control within marriage, and disposition
 upon death or divorce are only partly related. Productive resources are
 controlled by the household head. Disposition upon death or divorce only
 loosely depends on individual ownership during marriage but control is
 associated with larger claims upon divorce. Assets brought into marriage
 have little impact on disposition upon death, but matter in case of
 divorce. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 47-82 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: productive assets, households, Ethiopia, control over assets, marriage, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322581 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322581  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Dobson 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dobson 
Author-Name: C. Ramlogan 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramlogan 
Title: Economic Growth and Convergence in Latin America 
Abstract:
  Little is known about the convergence process among developing countries
 in general and in Latin America in particular. For the period as a whole
 there is no evidence of a narrowing in the cross-country dispersion of
 income (sigma convergence). But there is evidence of convergence to
 different steady state income levels at a speed that is common to all
 countries (conditional beta convergence). The article also shows that the
 estimates of convergence are sensitive to the way in which GDP per capita
 is measured. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 83-104 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: convergence process, Latin America, cross-country dispersion of income, sigma convergence, conditional beta convergence, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322591 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322591  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:38:y:2002:i:6:p:83-104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Place 
Author-X-Name-First: F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Place 
Author-Name: K. Otsuka 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka 
Title: Land Tenure Systems and Their Impacts on Agricultural Investments and Productivity in Uganda 
Abstract:
  This article provides an empirical analysis of the impact of different
 tenure systems (mailo, customary, and public land) on agricultural
 investment and productivity in central Uganda. A major hypothesis tested
 is that land investments and practices may have both economic and tenure
 security implications. The results indicate that coffee planting is used
 by farmers to enhance tenure security, while fallowing is practised to a
 greater extent by farmers on more secure holdings. This supports the
 notion that farmers consider tenure implications when making investments
 and that different tenure systems do not inhibit the promotion of
 tree-planting investment. Tenure had no impact on the productivity of crop
 farming. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 105-128 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Uganda, land tenure systems, tenure security, land investments and practices, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322601 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322601  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. M. Noor 
Author-X-Name-First: H. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Noor 
Author-Name: R. Clarke 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke 
Author-Name: N. Driffield 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Driffield 
Title: Multinational Enterprises and Technological Effort by Local Firms: A Case Study of the Malaysian Electronics and Electrical Industry 
Abstract:
  It is often assumed that foreign MNEs are the driving force behind
 technological development in developing economies but it has become
 evident in recent years that the actions of MNEs in isolation from the
 domestic economy will not significantly improve the stock of technology in
 an economy. This study, therefore, examines the determinants of local
 firms' decisions to undertake technological effort, not only in isolation,
 but also in the context of linkages between domestic firms and MNEs. There
 is evidence that linkages between MNEs and local firms are important in
 explaining technological effort by local firms but direct technological
 assistance from MNEs does not seem to play a major role in fostering
 increased technological effort by local firms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 129-141 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: multinational enterprises, technological development, developing economies, linkages between MNEs and local firms, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322611 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322611  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y. D. Wei 
Author-X-Name-First: Y. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wei 
Author-Name: S. Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Title: Widening Inter-County Inequality in Jiangsu Province, China, 1950-95 
Abstract:
  Scholars have heatedly debated the change of regional inequality in China
 and policies for intervention. However, most studies on China are based on
 macro regions and provinces, and have paid less attention to trends and
 mechanisms of regional inequality within provinces. This paper uses
 time-series county data to examine inter-county inequality in Jiangsu from
 1950 to 1995. We find that inter-county inequality in Jiangsu did not
 change much under Mao and during the rural reform period (1978-84), but
 dramatically intensified in the urban-based comprehensive reform period
 (since 1984). Regression analysis reveals that the institutional
 structure, agglomeration effects, and human capital are important factors
 underlying the divergence of inter-county inequality in Jiangsu. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 142-164 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: regional inequality, China, inter-county inequality, Jiangsu, regression analysis, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322621 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322621  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  Author: LONG, NORMAN; Development Sociology: Actor Perspectives;
 Reviewer: Jan Kees van Donge; Editors: ADGER, W. NEIL, P. MICK KELLY and
 NGUYEN HUU NINH; Living with Environmental Change: Social Vulnerability,
 Adaptation and Resilience in Vietnam; Reviewer: Michael J.G. Parnwell;
 Editors: MOSER, CAROLINE O.N., and FIONA C. CLARK; Victims, Perpetrators
 or Actors? Gender, Armed Conflict and Political Violence; Reviewer: Helen
 Hintjens; Author: WORLD BANK POLICY RESEARCH REPORT; Engendering
 Development: Through Gender Equality in Rights, Resources, and Voice;
 Reviewer: Nitasha Kaul; Authors: ALAUDDIN, MOHAMMAD, and MOSHARAFF
 HOSSAIN; Environment and Agriculture in a Developing Economy: Problems and
 Prospects for Bangladesh; Reviewer: Andrew Palfreman; Editors: HUQ,
 MOZAMMEL, and JIM LOVE; Strategies for Industrialization: The Case of
 Bangladesh; Reviewer: E. Abdul Azeez; Author: McWILLIAM, MICHAEL; The
 Development Business: A History of the Commonwealth Development
 Corporation; Reviewer: Mike Faber; Author: LEFTWICH, ADRIAN; States of
 Development: On the Primacy of Politics in Development; Reviewer: Francis
 Adams; Authors: McCULLOCH, NEIL, L. ALAN WINTERS and XAVIER CIRERA; Trade
 Liberalization and Poverty: A Handbook; Reviewer: Guntur Sugiuarto;
 Author: WALLE, NICOLAS VAN DER; African Economies and the Politics of
 Permanent Crisis, 1979-1999; Reviewer: Jan Kees van Donge; Author:
 EASTERLY, WILLIAM; The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists' Adventures
 and Misadventures in the Tropics; Reviewer: Frank Ellis; Author: WRIGHT,
 GRAHAM; Microfinance Systems; Reviewer: Asif Dowla; Author: GOETZ, ANNE
 MARIE; Women Development Workers: Implementing Rural Credit Programmes in
 Bangladesh; Reviewer: Asif Dowla; Editors: FINE, BEN, COSTAS LAPAVITSAS
 and JONATHAN PINCUS; Development Policy in the Twenty-First Century:
 Beyond the Washington Consensus; Reviewer: Barry Riddell; Editors:
 CHOWDHURY, ANIS, and IYANATUL ISLAM; Beyond the Asian Crisis: Pathways to
 Sustainable Growth; Reviewer: Marie-Aimee Tourres; Editors: KWON, O. YUL,
 and WILLIAM SHEPHERD; Korea's Economic Prospects: From Financial Crisis to
 Prosperity; Reviewer: Marie-Aimee Tourres 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 165-193 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 38 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322631 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322631  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601262 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601262  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  Author: SALIH, M.A. MOHAMED; African Democracies and African Politics;
 Reviewer: Liiso Laakso; Author: MOLYNEUX, MAXINE; Women's Movements in
 International Perspective; Reviewer: Katie Willis; Author: ATHUKORALA,
 PREMA-CHANDRA; Crisis and Recovery in Malaysia: The Role of Capital
 Controls; Reviewer: Anne Booth; Author: RUTHERFORD, BLAIR A.; Working on
 the Margins: Black Workers, White Farmers in Postcolonial Zimbabwe;
 Reviewer: Angela Cheater; Editors: DESAI, VANDANA and POTTER, ROBERT B.;
 The Companion to Development Studies; Reviewer: Philipp H. Lepenies;
 Editor: SCOONES, IAN; Dynamics and Diversity: Soil Fertility and Farming
 Livelihoods in Africa; Reviewer: Michael Stocking; Editor: CHANG, HA-JOON;
 Joseph Stiglitz and the World Bank: The Rebel Within; Reviewer: Barry
 Riddell; Editors: GUERRIERI, PAOLO, IAMMARINO, SIMONA and PIETROBELLI,
 CARLO; The Global Challenge to Industrial Districts: Small and
 Medium-Sized Enterprises in Italy and Taiwan; Reviewer: Michael J. Ryan;
 Authors: PAYNE, ANTHONY and SUTTON, PAUL; Charting Caribbean Development;
 Reviewer: Jean Stubbs 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 181-197 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322721 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322721  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 198-199 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601260 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601260  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Mackintosh 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackintosh 
Author-Name: P. Tibandebage 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tibandebage 
Title: Inclusion by Design? Rethinking Health Care Market Regulation in the Tanzanian Context 
Abstract:
  In Tanzania, as in many other low income countries, health care is
 largely obtained through out-of pocket payment. The current liberalised
 health care market displays a pattern of exclusion, impoverishment, abuse
 and poor quality care alongside substantial patches of accessibility and
 probity, while the government has few resources for inspection and
 control. This article summarises new evidence on these points. It argues
 that it is nevertheless possible in these circumstances to pursue the
 stated aims of health care reform to improve inclusiveness and quality of
 care, but that to do so requires a rethinking of the dominant concept of
 health care market regulation as rule setting, moving instead towards a
 concept of collaborative regulatory intervention. Drawing on current
 thinking in economics, institutional theory and the theory of regulation,
 this article proposes such a regulatory framework of thought, which we
 label 'inclusion by design', and illustrates it with proposals developed
 within the Tanzanian context. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: health care, Tanzania, health care reform, health care market regulation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601263 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601263  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. E. Sahn 
Author-X-Name-First: D. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sahn 
Author-Name: D. C. Stifel 
Author-X-Name-First: D. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stifel 
Title: Parental Preferences for Nutrition of Boys and Girls: Evidence from Africa 
Abstract:
  This article models the determinants of pre-school age malnutrition in
 Africa using the Demographic Health Surveys. By examining the differences
 in the impact of mother's and father's education on the nutrition of boys
 and girls, we draw inferences from our reduced-form equations regarding
 the existence of non-unified preferences. In a bargaining framework, women
 with more schooling are able to earn more, which improves their fallback
 position. Thus, we test whether mother's schooling has a larger impact on
 daughter's than son's nutrition, and whether father's education favors
 son's nutrition. Using classical testing criteria, we generally find that
 preferences of fathers and mother differ in regard to the health of boys
 and girls. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 21-45 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: pre-school age malnutrition, Africa, mother's and father's education, classical testing criteria, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322651 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322651  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Nziramasanga 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nziramasanga 
Author-Name: M. Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: On the Duration of Self-Employment: The Impact of Macroeconomic Conditions 
Abstract:
  The article examines the role of lending rates, imports and growth on the
 duration of self-employment in Zimbabwe while the country embarked on
 trade liberalisation. The variables were selected because of their
 importance as policy variables in reform programmes and also their
 importance to small entrepreneurs. Previous research has established the
 importance of an initial endowment and other measures of human capital on
 entry into self-employment as well as growth of the respective
 enterprises. We show that such initial conditions do not always give
 robust results. Instead, duration of self-employment is negatively related
 to higher lending rates, increased imports and structural change, but
 responds positively to growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 46-73 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: lending rates, imports and growth, self-employment in Zimbabwe, trade liberalisation, reform programmes, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322661 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322661  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Son Nghiem 
Author-X-Name-First: H. Son 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nghiem 
Author-Name: T. Coelli 
Author-X-Name-First: T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coelli 
Title: The Effect of Incentive Reforms Upon Productivity: Evidence from the Vietnamese Rice Industry 
Abstract:
  In this study we use region-level panel data on rice production in
 Vietnam to investigate total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the
 period since reunification in 1975. Two significant reforms were
 introduced during this period, one in 1981 allowing farmers to keep part
 of their produce, and another in 1987 providing improved land tenure. We
 measure TFP growth using two modified forms of the standard Malmquist data
 envelopment analysis (DEA) method, which we have named the
 Three-year-window (TYW) and the Full Cumulative (FC) methods. We have
 developed these methods to deal with degrees of freedom limitations. Our
 empirical results indicate strong average TFP growth of between 3.3 and
 3.5 per cent per annum, with the fastest growth observed in the period
 following the first reform. Our results support the assertion that
 incentive related issues have played a large role in the decline and
 subsequent resurgence of Vietnamese agriculture. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 74-93 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: region-level panel data, rice production, Vietnam, reforms, Malmquist data envelopment analysis, incentive related issues, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322671 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322671  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B-Y. Aw 
Author-X-Name-First: B-Y. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aw 
Title: Accumulating Technology and Location Spillovers Among Firms in Taiwan's Electronics Industry 
Abstract:
  Using firm-level panel data from the Taiwanese Census of Manufactures for
 1986 and 1991 in the context of a modified selection model, we focus on
 three activities that contribute to the productivity growth of firms in
 the electronics industry: research and development, direct foreign
 investment and exports. In particular we address the issue of whether, in
 addition to the direct benefits of these activities, there are spillovers
 to other firms within the same four-digit industry or within the same
 geographical county. Our empirical results indicate that while the
 survival and direct productivity growth effects of R&D, exports and DFI
 are positive and statistically significant, intra-industry and
 geographical spillover effects are consistently present only for the
 export activity. That is, a firm's expected future TFP is positively and
 significantly affected by being located in a county and industry with more
 export activity. In addition, there is some evidence that the indirect
 effects generated by DFI firms, in the form of location spillover benefits
 to other firms, are also positive and significant. Finally, the empirical
 results indicate that the above direct and indirect benefits of the
 technological activities under study accrue principally to Taiwan's small
 and medium enterprises, rather than its large firms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 94-117 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Total Factor Productivity Growth, Exports, DFI, R&D, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322681 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322681  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2002:i:1:p:94-117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Sonobe 
Author-X-Name-First: T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonobe 
Author-Name: D. Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Author-Name: K. Otsuka 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka 
Title: Process of Cluster Formation in China: A Case Study of a Garment Town 
Abstract:
  In China industrial clusters consisting of small and medium enterprises
 have been proliferating in areas where private sectors have successfully
 developed. This study inquires into the process of forming a new
 industrial cluster and the roles of local and distant urban traders in the
 garment industry in China. We found that the local marketplace, where
 enterprise managers can easily purchase materials from and sell products
 to local traders, plays a critical role in stimulating the entry of new
 enterprises in the early stage of cluster development. As a cluster
 develops, however, entrepreneurial ability in producing high-quality
 products and marketing them to urban traders plays a more significant
 role. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 118-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: China, industrial clusters urban traders, garment industry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322691 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322691  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2002:i:1:p:118-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. U. Santos-Paulino 
Author-X-Name-First: A. U. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos-Paulino 
Title: Trade Liberalisation and Export Performance in Selected Developing Countries 
Abstract:
  This article examines the impact of trade liberalisation on export growth
 for a sample of 22 developing economies. The research applies dynamic
 panel data models based on fixed-effects and generalised methods of
 moments (GMM) estimators. In addition, heterogeneous panels for the
 complete sample, as well as for different regions of the world, are
 estimated using a time-series/cross-section technique. The main findings
 are that trade liberalisation is a significant determinant of export
 performance, but its effect varies across continents. Export duties have a
 small detrimental effect on export growth, while relative price changes
 and world income growth have the expected signs. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 140-164 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: trade liberalisation, export growth, dynamic panel data, time-series/cross-section, developing countries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322701 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322701  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2002:i:1:p:140-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Ibrahim 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibrahim 
Author-Name: A. Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Author-Name: D. Paton 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paton 
Title: Have Lower Real Wages Helped Industrial Restructuring in Romania? 
Abstract:
  A reduction in real wages arising from price liberalisation has been a
 standard feature of economies undergoing industrial restructuring. In this
 article, the impact of real wages on industrial performance is examined
 using a panel dataset of Romanian industries from 1990-96. Using both
 static and dynamic panel estimation, real wages are found not to be
 negatively associated with either output or employment. These results are
 consistent with a view that an institutionalist approach, aimed at
 improving productivity, may be more likely to achieve the long-term
 objective of successful industrial restructuring than standard adjustment
 programmes based on neo-classical theory. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 165-180 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: industrial restructuring, transition, Romania, panel data, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322711 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322711  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2002:i:1:p:165-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Gandhi Kingdon 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandhi Kingdon 
Title: The Gender Gap in Educational Attainment in India: How Much Can Be Explained? 
Abstract:
  Differential treatment of sons and daughters by parents is a potential
 explanation of the gender gap in education in developing countries. This
 study empirically tests this explanation for India using household survey
 data collected in urban Uttar Pradesh in 1995. We estimate educational
 enrolment functions and selectivity-corrected educational attainment
 functions, conditional on enrolment. The gender difference in educational
 attainment is decomposed into the part that is explained by men and
 women's differential characteristics and the part that is not so explained
 (the conventional 'discrimination' component). The analysis suggests that
 girls face significantly different treatment in the intra-household
 allocation of education - there is a large unexplained component in the
 gender gap in schooling attainment. A detailed decomposition exercise
 attempts to discover the individual factors most responsible for the
 differential treatment. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 25-53 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: gender, educational attainment functions, Oaxaca decomposition, India, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322741 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322741  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. L. Brookins 
Author-X-Name-First: M. L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brookins 
Author-Name: O. T. Brookins 
Author-X-Name-First: O. T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brookins 
Title: An Exploratory Analysis of Fertility Differentials in India 
Abstract:
  The association between improving economic conditions and declining
 growth of population has led economists and demographers to hypothesise a
 direct relationship between indicators of economic development and
 fertility rates. Using recent National Family Health Survey data and the
 1991 Census to explore factors contributing to fertility rates in India,
 we found that economic variables explain 70 per cent of the interstate
 variations in India's fertility rates. However, several non-economic
 variables explain an even greater proportion, for example, indicators of
 female autonomy explain 84 per cent of the variations. Our analysis
 demonstrates that to successfully explain Indian fertility rates, models
 must rely heavily on non-economic variables. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 54-72 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: census, demographic transition, development indicators, economic development, economics of fertility, household economics, fertility, India, regression, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322751 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322751  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Kumar 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar 
Author-Name: S. SurnameCorbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: SurnameCorbridge 
Title: Programmed to Fail? Development Projects and the Politics of Participation 
Abstract:
  The Eastern India Rainfed Farming Project is in many respects a model
 development project. A joint venture of the governments of India and the
 UK, the EIRFP has been successful in improving farm-based livelihoods in
 Jharkhand, Orissa and West Bengal. But the Project might yet be considered
 a failure. It has not persuaded the poorest villagers in Jharkhand (our
 study area) to join or manage the self-help groups that are called for by
 the Project's Logical Framework. We show why this has been the case, and
 why such an outcome was entirely predictable. Development projects cannot
 be expected to change local systems of politics or stratification. But
 this does not mean that the EIRFP is a failure. It means that a
 development project will be destined to 'fail' when it is judged against
 unrealistic assumptions about the possibilities and merits of
 'participation'. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 73-103 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Eastern India Rainfed Farming Project, EIRFP, Jharkhand, politics of participation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322761 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322761  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J-P. Platteau 
Author-X-Name-First: J-P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Platteau 
Author-Name: A. Abraham 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abraham 
Title: Participatory Development in the Presence of Endogenous Community Imperfections 
Abstract:
  The participatory or decentralised approach to development is now
 favoured by most bilateral and multilateral aid organisations. At the root
 of this approach lies the belief that rural communities can be an
 effective channel of development if they receive a genuine delegation of
 powers and responsibilities. This article argues that there unfortunately
 exists a widespread tendency to downplay the community imperfections that
 plague many rural societies while simultaneously stressing market and
 state failures. In fact, such imperfections, as illustrated in the case of
 lineage-based societies of Africa, increase as development proceeds by way
 of expanding economic opportunities, growing resource scarcity, as well as
 rising aspiration and education levels. Under these circumstances, any
 early implementation of the approach runs a high risk of causing
 considerable disillusionment, as well as undue appropriation, by local
 elites operating within a logic of patronage, of the resources channelled
 through rural communities in this way. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 104-136 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: decentralised approach, participatory development, community imperfections, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322771 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322771  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y-c. Chuang 
Author-X-Name-First: Y-c. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chuang 
Title: The Trade-Induced Learning Effect on Growth: Cross-Country Evidence 
Abstract:
  One of the important trade effects on growth is technology diffusion
 through learning by doing. Chuang [1998] proposed a trade-induced learning
 theory in which the nature of traded goods and the trading partners are
 two key factors determining the effectiveness of the trade-induced
 learning. The former conveys the characteristics that a country can learn;
 the latter determines the level of technology from which a country can
 learn. Using cross-country data, this article constructs a set of the
 trade-induced learning variables by taking into account trading partners
 and the characteristics of the traded goods and further tests the
 trade-induced learning hypothesis. The results show that holding other
 variables constant, trade-induced learning has a positive and significant
 effect on growth and the estimated effect implies that a
 one-standard-deviation increase in the trade-induced learning variable is
 estimated to generate an effect of between 0.4 to 1.0 percentage points on
 the annual growth rate. Robustness test shows that the trade-induced
 learning variable passes the extreme-bound analysis and also outperforms
 other conventional trade variables advocated in the literature. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 137-154 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: trade-induced learning by doing, economic growth, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322781 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322781  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Szirmai 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Szirmai 
Author-Name: M. P. Timmer 
Author-X-Name-First: M. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmer 
Author-Name: R. van der Kamp 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Kamp 
Title: Measuring Embodies Technological Change in Indonesian Textiles: The Core-Machinery Approach 
Abstract:
  This article focuses on the measurement of embodied technological change.
 It develops the core-machinery approach to capital measurement, which is
 based on an engineering perspective on technological change. Using
 technical characteristics of different types of machinery, technical
 progress in the capital stock can be decomposed into incremental
 innovation in existing machinery and radical shifts to new technologies.
 The usefulness of this approach is illustrated by an analysis of embodied
 technological change in the Indonesian spinning and weaving industries.
 The core-machinery measure is compared with more traditional measures of
 the capital stock which are based on price information. Strengths,
 weaknesses and relevance of the new measure are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 155-177 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: embodied technological change, core-machinery, Indonesian spinning and weaving industries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601291a 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601291a  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: J. Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: C. Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-4 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601284 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601284  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. M. Pitt 
Author-X-Name-First: M. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitt 
Author-Name: S. R. Khandker 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khandker 
Title: Credit Programmes for the Poor and Seasonality in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This article examines the effect of group-based credit used to finance
 self-employment by landless households in Bangladesh on the seasonal
 pattern of household consumption and male and female labour supply. This
 credit can help smooth seasonal consumption by financing new productive
 activities whose income flows and time demands do not seasonally covary
 with the income generated by existing agricultural activities. The
 results, based upon 1991/92 survey data, strongly suggest that an
 important motivation for credit programme participation is the need to
 smooth the seasonal pattern of consumption and male labour supply. It is
 only the extent of lean season consumption poverty that selects household
 into these programmes. In addition, the largest female and male effects of
 credit on household consumption are during the lean season. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-24 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2002 
Keywords: Bangladesh, group-based credit, household consumption, male and female labour supply, seasonality, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322731 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322731  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: John Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: Chris Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869410 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869410  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews and Books Received 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 201-219 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Review Books, Books Received, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322881 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322881  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathryn Anderson 
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson 
Author-Name: Elizabeth King 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: King 
Author-Name: Yan Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Yan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Title: Market Returns, Transfers and Demand for Schooling in Malaysia, 1976-89 
Abstract:
  If parents expect higher market returns to schooling or additional
 transfers from their children, they invest more in their children's
 schooling. Results from models of schooling demand using data from the
 Malaysian Family Life Surveys of 1976 and 1989 suggest that market returns
 of mothers but not fathers positively affected schooling. The propensity
 for parents to spend time with their parents had a small positive effect
 on education of daughters, but other transfers had a weak negative effect.
 The results suggest that if one generation perceives a low return to
 schooling, then the next generation - especially daughters - pays the
 price of lower schooling. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-28 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: education, Malaysia, intergenerational transfers, wage returns, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322801 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322801  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Supriya Roychowdhury 
Author-X-Name-First: Supriya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roychowdhury 
Title: Public Sector Restructuring and Democracy: The State, Labour and Trade Unions in India 
Abstract:
  This article looks at the ways in which marketisation reforms affect the
 empowerment, ideological universes and functioning limits of popular
 institutions. Under what circumstances do left-leaning trade unions accept
 job cuts and wage freezes? What are the boundaries of consent and dissent?
 Case studies of three public sector companies in Bangalore city in the
 southern state of Karnataka, India, indicate that labour rationalisation
 has occurred with trade union acquiescence and support. However, as yet
 there is no broad institutional framework to handle social security,
 rehabilitation and redeployment of displaced workers. Public sector
 workforce reduction is taking place in a general economic context where
 there has been little growth of employment in the organised manufacturing
 sector. Beneath unions' apparent acquiescence to rationalisation
 processes, there are critical areas of dissent. Dissent, however, has not
 manifested itself in a critical alternative to the state's rationalisation
 policies. Changing party-union relations, and shifts in the internal
 dynamics of unions affecting choice of leaders, union aspirations and
 ideologies - underwritten by the broader economic changes wrought by the
 marketisation process - partially explain the inability of the labour
 movement to shape a definitive challenge to the marketisation process. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 29-50 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: India, public sector, labour rationalization, union responses, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322811 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322811  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sukti Dasgupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Sukti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta 
Title: Structural and Behavioural Characteristics of Informal Service Employment: Evidence from a Survey in New Delhi 
Abstract:
  This article argues that at least two distinct categories within the
 informal sector - informal services and informal manufacturing - exhibit
 different structural and behavioural characteristics. While some segments
 of informal manufacturing may indeed be 'dynamic' as noted by some recent
 studies, the hypothesis is tested for the informal service employment on
 the basis of a survey by the author in New Delhi, India. It examines
 investment, earnings, returns to human capital, socio economic
 characteristics and scope for upward mobility of informal service
 employment. It finds formal education does not explain differences in
 earnings in the sample but background characteristics do; earnings in the
 informal service sector are neither the lowest in the economy nor are they
 comparable to wages in the urban formal unskilled sector, when differences
 between migrants and non-migrants are taken into account. On the basis of
 these results, the paper reflects on the nature of growth and structural
 change in the Indian economy and draws some analytical and policy
 implications. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 51-80 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: informal employment service sector developing countries wage differences between migrants and non migrants development policy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322821 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322821  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Holger Gorg 
Author-X-Name-First: Holger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorg 
Author-Name: Eric Strobl 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strobl 
Title: The Incidence of Visible Underemployment: Evidence for Trinidad and Tobago 
Abstract:
  This article presents an empirical analysis of the incidence of visible
 underemployment in Trinidad and Tobago. Visible underemployment consists
 of workers who work less than the normal duration of working hours but are
 willing and available to work more. We find that compared to other groups
 of the labour force the visibly underemployed tend to be less educated and
 are more likely to work in the private sector. We also find that their
 revealed behaviour is consistent with their desire for more hours. Only
 about 50 per cent of the visibly underemployed are able to find full-time
 employment within three months and little except firm size helps predict
 who will. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 81-100 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: visible underemployment, Trinidad and Tobago, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322831 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322831  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Damien King 
Author-X-Name-First: Damien 
Author-X-Name-Last: King 
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Handa 
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Handa 
Title: The Welfare Effects of Balance of Payments Reform: A Micro-Macro Simulation of the Cost of Rent-Seeking 
Abstract:
  This article proposes a methodology for analysing the effect of balance
 of payments liberalisation on measures of poverty and distribution and
 applies it to the case of Jamaica in the 1990s. The methodology consists
 of a macro-micro simulation in which a CGE model provides labour market
 outcomes, which in turn are used to manipulate the sectoral allocation of
 employment to generate the income distribution consistent with the new
 labour market outcome. In the application to Jamaica, we find that the
 reallocation of resources away from rent-seeking activities in the
 presence of exchange controls is significant and has large macroeconomic
 effects. Opening up of the current account has little effect on poverty,
 but liberalisation of the capital account reduces poverty, especially
 amongst the very poor. Neither policy change taken separately, nor the
 combination of the two, has more than a negligible effect on the
 distribution of income. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 101-128 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: computable general equilibrium, economic reform, rent-seeking, Jamaica, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322841 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322841  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marjolein Cani&#xeb;ls 
Author-X-Name-First: Marjolein 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cani&#xeb;ls 
Author-Name: Henny Romijn 
Author-X-Name-First: Henny 
Author-X-Name-Last: Romijn 
Title: Agglomeration Advantages and Capability Building in Industrial Clusters: The Missing Link 
Abstract:
  Accumulation of technological capability is crucial for industrial growth
 and competitiveness of firms, particularly in the context of
 liberalisation and increasing international economic integration. The
 article sheds new light on the forces driving capability-building by
 complementing the micro-economic perspective on learning with a
 meso-economic perspective that takes account of interaction effects
 arising from firms' embeddedness in regional networks. The missing link at
 the interface between the two levels is explored by means of a taxonomy
 linking various agglomeration advantages to investments in technological
 effort. The framework results in new policy-relevant insights about the
 factors underpinning the acquisition of capabilities in comparison to
 conventional studies. A case study about farm equipment manufacturing in
 Pakistan's Punjab province is used as an empirical illustration. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 129-154 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: industrial clusters, technological capability, technological learning, knowledge spillovers, competitiveness, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322851 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322851  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Nell 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nell 
Title: The Stability of M3 Money Demand and Monetary Growth Targets: The Case of South Africa 
Abstract:
  The main purpose of this article is to determine whether money should
 continue to play an important role in the formulation of monetary policy
 in South Africa, even though the monetary policy framework has recently
 changed to an inflation targeting strategy. Money can continue to play an
 important role in the formulation of an efficient monetary policy strategy
 as long as there is a stable money demand function and money contains
 useful information about future price changes. The paper presents
 empirical evidence of a constant and structurally stable M3 money demand
 function for South Africa over the period 1968-97. The analysis further
 shows that the non-constancies experienced during 1998-99 may only be
 temporary. Despite evidence of a stable M3 money demand function, the
 results indicate that M3 money provides little information about future
 price changes in South Africa and may therefore have lost its usefulness
 as a reliable indicator for monetary policy. The money stock is
 endogenous, with prices determining money through the stable M3 money
 demand function. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 155-180 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: demand for M3 money, monetary growth targets, super exogenous, inflation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322861 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322861  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dante Contreras 
Author-X-Name-First: Dante 
Author-X-Name-Last: Contreras 
Title: Poverty and Inequality in a Rapid Growth Economy: Chile 1990-96 
Abstract:
  Using parametric and non-parametric methods this article examines the
 evolution of poverty and inequality in Chile between 1990 and 1996. This
 period is interesting because of the rapid growth exhibited by the Chilean
 economy. Using the Datt-Ravallion decomposition economic growth accounts
 for over 85 per cent of poverty reduction. The evidence suggests that the
 sustained level of high inequality is not necessarily associated with a
 lower welfare level. By comparing the evolution of poverty and inequality
 over time, we observe a continuous decrease in poverty, while inequality
 remains stable. This pattern has left everyone (both poor and rich
 individuals) better off. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 181-200 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: poverty, inequality, education, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331322871 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331322871  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2003:i:3:p:181-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Author-Name: John Harriss 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss 
Author-Name: Chris Milner 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner 
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Prelims and Editorial 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Journal of Development Studies, JDS, Current Contents/Social & Behavioural Sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal of Economic Literature, Social Science Abstracts, Social Science Index, International Political Science Abstracts, Socialogical Abstracts, Social Planning/Policy & Development Abstracts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869422 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869422  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
  Author: CHANG, HA-JOON; Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in
 Historical Perspective; Reviewer: Barry Riddell; Authors: HENRY, CLEMENT
 and ROBERT SPRINGBORG; Globalisation and the Politics of Development in
 the Middle East; Reviewer: Rodney Wilson; Editor: ARMIJO, LESLIE ELLIOTT;
 Financial Globalization and Democracy in Emerging Markets; Reviewer:
 Amelia U. Santos-Paulino; Author: KAMAT, SANGEETA; Development Hegemony:
 NGOs and the State in India; Reviewer: Arun K. Jana; Editors: JAKOBSEN,
 GURLI and JENS ERIK TORP; Understanding Business Systems in Developing
 Countries; Reviewer: Martin Reynolds; Authors: MANOHAR RAO, M.J., and RAJ
 NALLARI; Macroeconomic Stabilization and Adjustment; Reviewer: Sushanta
 Mallick; Authors: MARTENS, BERTIN, UWE MUMMERT, PETER MURRELL and PAUL
 SEABRIGHT; The Institutional Economics of Foreign Aid; Reviewer: Matthias
 Witt 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 160-173 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Review Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869419 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869419  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Received Books, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869420 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869420  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Ho 
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho 
Author-Name: Paul Bowles 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowles 
Author-Name: Xiaoyuan Dong 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyuan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong 
Title: 'Letting Go of the Small': An Analysis of the Privatisation of Rural Enterprises in Jiangsu and Shandong 
Abstract:
  Since the policy of "grasping the large, letting go of the small" was
 initiated in 1996, there has been a program of mass privatisation of
 China's rural industrial enterprises. This paper, based on interviews and
 survey data from three counties in Jiangsu and Shandong, analyses the
 process of privatisation and examines its impacts. Our analysis, which
 incorporates both choice theoretic and power theoretic considerations,
 shows how rapid privatisation was driven by the desire to prevent further
 asset stripping, how 'efficiency' objectives were seen as requiring
 majority share ownership by enterprise managers, and how the privatisation
 process better served the interests of some agents (most notably, township
 governments and enterpise managers) than others (most notably, workers). 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: privatisation, rural China, township and village enterprises, rural industry, transition economies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869423 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869423  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaolan Fu 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaolan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu 
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramanyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam 
Title: Township and Village Enterprises in China 
Abstract:
  Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs) have played a significant role in
 the growth of the Chinese economy since the economic reforms of 1978. This
 paper analyses the productive efficiency of a cross section of TVEs in the
 manufacturing sector. TVEs are found to be much more efficient than
 comparable state-owned enterprises (SOEs). They are also competitive in
 the international markets. Their management which responds to market
 forces and their outward-orientation have contributed to their productive
 efficiency. The paper concludes that efficient management, which
 successfully exploits the endowments and resources of the country rather
 than the nature of ownership of production entities, is crucial to the
 success of manufacturing firms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 27-46 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Township and Village Enterprises, managerial efficiency, methods of remuneration, outward-orientation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869424 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869424  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaobo Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Kevin Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: How Does Globalisation Affect Regional Inequality within A Developing Country? Evidence from China 
Abstract:
  Developing countries are increasingly concerned about effects of
 globalisation on regional inequality. This paper develops an empirical
 method for decomposing the contributions of two major driving forces of
 globalisation, foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI), on
 regional inequality and applies it to China. Even after controlling for
 many other factors, globalisation is still found to be an important factor
 contributing to the widening regional inequality. The paper ends by
 investigating the role of factor market segmentations in aggravating the
 distributional effect of changing regional comparative advantages in the
 process of globalisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 47-67 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: globalization, openness, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), regional inequality, spatial inequality, China, Chinese economy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869425 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869425  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augstin Kwasi Fosu 
Author-X-Name-First: Augstin Kwasi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fosu 
Title: Political Instability and Export Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  The political landscape of post-independent sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has
 been one of rampant coups d'etat. Existing evidence suggests such elite
 political instability (PI) has been growth-inhibiting even when exports
 are accounted for. In the light of the increasing interest in the role of
 export-promotion strategies in fostering economic growth, however, the
 present paper examines the impact of PI on export performance in these
 economies. The paper explores the hypothesis that the lack of a stable
 political environment adversely influences export performance via
 competitiveness, and that PI may actually play a more crucial role in
 export than in overall GDP growth. Based on detailed data on the incidence
 of coups in 30 SSA countries, real export growth over 1967-1986 is
 regressed on a principal-component of the various forms of coup events -
 "successful" coups, abortive coups, and coup plots - as well as on export
 structure, terms of trade, production capacity, and exchange rate
 misalignment. The results support the above hypothesis of an adverse
 impact of PI on export growth, and further suggest that PI has been even
 more deleterious to exports than to overall GDP. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 68-83 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: political instability, export performance in Africa, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869426 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869426  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Ferris 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferris 
Author-Name: Kishore Gawande 
Author-X-Name-First: Kishore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gawande 
Title: Coordination Failures and Government Policy: Evidence From Emerging Countries 
Abstract:
  Rodrik [JIE 1996] argues for coordinated government policy when emerging
 countries are stuck in a low wage equilibrium because of a coordination
 failure. Because the return to intermediate output is markedly below that
 realised when a minimum threshold number of varieties must produced in
 concert, the expectation of too few varieties is sufficient to discourage
 entry and keep a high tech sector from succeeding. Here we search for
 evidence consist with such threshold models on cross country data. First
 production data is used to ask (i) whether evidence of coordination
 failures among intermediate good producers is associated with a low wage
 equilibrium and (ii) whether government policy can succeed in moving an
 emerging country from a low to high wage equilibrium. Second, financial
 data is used to ask whether there is evidence that government coordination
 can replace missing private markets in emerging economies and whether a
 moderate degree of financial repression can help rather than hinder
 growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 84-111 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: coordination failures, wage trap, emerging economies, threshold externality models, government policy, financial repression, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869427 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869427  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cesar Patricio Bouillon 
Author-X-Name-First: Cesar Patricio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouillon 
Author-Name: Arianna Legovini 
Author-X-Name-First: Arianna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Legovini 
Author-Name: Nora Lustig 
Author-X-Name-First: Nora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lustig 
Title: Rising Inequality in Mexico: Household Characteristics and Regional Effects 
Abstract:
  We use an empirical framework to identify the contributions of
 microeconomic factors to the sharp rise in household (per capita) income
 inequality in Mexico between 1984 and 1994. Results indicate that changes
 in returns to household characteristics, in particular changes in returns
 to education, are responsible for about half of the increase in the Gini
 coefficient. The deteriorating conditions in rural areas relative to the
 urban areas and of the southern region relative to other regions account
 for another fourth of the increase in the Gini. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 112-133 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: household income inequality, Mexico, Gini coefficient, regional effects, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869428 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869428  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Neumayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neumayer 
Title: What Factors Determine the Allocation of Aid by Arab Countries and Multilateral Agencies? 
Abstract:
  This article provides a statistical analysis of the determinants of Arab
 aid allocation using Heckman's two-step estimator. It is found that
 poorer, Arab, Islamic and Sub-Saharan African countries are more likely to
 receive some positive amount of Arab aid (gate-keeping stage). The same is
 true for countries not maintaining diplomatic relations with Israel as
 well as those with voting patterns in the United Nations General Assembly
 similar to Saudi Arabia. Arab and more populous countries also receive a
 higher share of the total aid allocated (level stage). The same is true
 for Islamic countries in the case of bilateral aid and countries with
 voting similarity in the case of multilateral aid. Donor interest, in
 particular Arab solidarity, plays a clear role at both stages, whereas
 recipient need as measured by a country's level of income only affects the
 gate-keeping stage, not the level stage. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 134-147 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: Arab, aid, development assistance, allocation, donor interest, recipient need, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713869429 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713869429  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anand Asthana 
Author-X-Name-First: Anand 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asthana 
Title: Decentralisation and Supply Efficiency: The case of Rural Water Supply in Central India 
Abstract:
  Demand for decentralisation of provision of public services is gaining
 ground in developing countries. Also, the policy advice to decentralise
 given by international agencies to the developing countries is turning
 into pressure. However, the benefits of decentralisation are not as
 obvious as the standard theory of fiscal federalism predicts. This article
 examines the effect of decentralisation of provision of drinking water in
 central India. The efficiency of water utilities under the control of the
 state government and those under the local governments is compared in
 terms of expense and asset utilisation. It is found that the decentralised
 provision of water supply is less efficient. The possible reasons for this
 counter intuitive result are analysed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 148-159 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
Keywords: drinking water, water supply, decentralisation, basic needs, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713601203 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713601203  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rene Veron 
Author-X-Name-First: Rene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veron 
Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge 
Author-Name: Glyn Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: Glyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Author-Name: Manoj Srivastava 
Author-X-Name-First: Manoj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Srivastava 
Title: The Everyday State and Political Society in Eastern India: Structuring Access to the Employment Assurance Scheme 
Abstract:
  The positive roles that political parties might play in development have
 recently been downplayed in favour of accounts of the virtues of civil
 society and participatory development. This article challenges some
 assumptions inherent in this shift in emphasis. It considers how political
 society has mediated the agency of the rural poor in three locales in
 eastern India in respect of the national demand-driven Employment
 Assurance Scheme (EAS). In Debra block (Midnapore, West Bengal), where the
 scheme worked best in terms of employment creation and participation, the
 dominant political party, in collusion with lower-level government
 officials, subdued popular demand in anticipation of limited state
 capacity. In Old Malda block (Malda district, West Bengal), rent-seeking
 councillors withheld information about the EAS from the poor. In Bidupur
 block (Vaishali district, Bihar) a key politician ensured that the EAS was
 converted into a scheme for the production of durable assets that mostly
 benefited the non-poor. These findings suggest that participatory
 development in a country like India, where civil society is poorly
 developed, needs to be considered in relation to particular constructions
 of political society and the local 'everyday' state. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-28 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333129 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333129  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gautam Hazarika 
Author-X-Name-First: Gautam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hazarika 
Author-Name: Arjun Bedi 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedi 
Title: Schooling Costs and Child Work in Rural Pakistan 
Abstract:
  A conventional argument in the child-labour debate is that improvements
 in access to schools are an effective way to reduce the labour force
 participation of children. It is argued that schooling competes with
 economic activity in the use of children's time, and enhanced access to
 schools, interpretable as reduction in schooling costs, may raise school
 attendance at the expense of child labour. In this article, we draw a
 distinction between child labour within the household (intra-household)
 and child work in the labour market (extra-household), and examine the
 separate effects of schooling costs upon these two types of child labour
 in rural Pakistan. Consistent, at least in part, with our theoretical
 framework, we find that extra-household child labour and schooling costs
 are positively related whereas intra-household child labour is insensitive
 to changes in the costs of schooling. Our results suggest that reduction
 in schooling costs will have limited success in the abatement of child
 labour in rural Pakistan. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 29-64 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333139 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333139  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prema-Chandra Athukorala 
Author-X-Name-First: Prema-Chandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Athukorala 
Author-Name: Pang-Long Tsai 
Author-X-Name-First: Pang-Long 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai 
Title: Determinants of Household Saving in Taiwan: Growth, Demography and Public Policy 
Abstract:
  This article examines the determinants of household saving in the process
 of economic development, in the light of the Taiwanese experience during
 the period 1952-99. The methodology involves the estimation of a saving
 rate function derived within the life-cycle framework. It is found that
 the household saving rate rises with both the level and the rate of growth
 of household disposable income. The real deposit rate has a significant
 positive impact, but the magnitude of the impact is modest. Public saving
 seems to crowd out private saving, but less than proportionately. While
 both old- and young-dependency in population have a negative impact on the
 saving rate, the magnitude of the impact of the former is far greater than
 that of the latter. Increased availability of social security provisions
 and enhanced credit availability also seem to reduce saving. As regards
 methodological implications, the study casts doubt on the usual practice
 of lumping together public, corporate and household savings in saving
 analysis, and points to the need for separating young dependence and
 ageing as two distinct aspects of the influence of population dynamics on
 saving behaviour. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 65-88 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333149 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333149  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chun-Hung Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chun-Hung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Author-Name: Peter Orazem 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orazem 
Title: Wage Inequality and Returns to Skill in Taiwan, 1978-96 
Abstract:
  Since 1980, income inequality has risen faster in Taiwan than in the
 United States. Inequality rose despite a rapid increase in the share of
 educated workers in the labour market that might have been expected to
 depress returns to education. Returns to a college education rose in
 Taiwan for all but the least experienced college graduates who were the
 most substitutable by the large new cohorts of college graduates. This
 pattern of changes in relative employment and relative wages is consistent
 with persistent shifts in relative demand toward skilled labour. The
 shifts are not sector-specific as might have been the case if shifts in
 trade flows were responsible for the shifts in relative wages. Growth of
 relative employment of more-educated workers occurred in all sectors of
 the economy, consistent with the hypothesis of skill-biased technical
 change. These results are similar to findings reported for OECD countries,
 suggesting that Taiwan has been exposed to the same types of skill-biased
 shifts in relative labour demand as in Europe and North America. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 89-108 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333159 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333159  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2003:i:5:p:89-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masao Kikuchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Masao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kikuchi 
Author-Name: Atsushi Maruyama 
Author-X-Name-First: Atsushi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maruyama 
Author-Name: Yujiro Hayami 
Author-X-Name-First: Yujiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hayami 
Title: Phases of Irrigation Development in Asian Tropics: A Case Study of the Philippines and Sri Lanka 
Abstract:
  Using data for the Philippines and Sri Lanka during the last five
 decades, we examine three phases of agricultural development experienced
 by the rice sector in insular countries in tropical monsoon Asia; the
 first was based on land opening, the second on new irrigation construction
 and the third on increasing the efficiency of the existing irrigated land
 base. We show that these sequential shifts were induced by changes in the
 relative profitability of the three major means of land development for
 increasing food production. Rehabilitation, water management improvement
 and better maintenance, which are important means of irrigation
 development in the latest phase, are under-invested, despite their high
 rates of return. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 109-138 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333169 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333169  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2003:i:5:p:109-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mouawiya Al-Awad 
Author-X-Name-First: Mouawiya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Awad 
Author-Name: Adam Elhiraika 
Author-X-Name-First: Adam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elhiraika 
Title: Cultural Effects and Savings: Evidence from Immigrants to the United Arab Emirates 
Abstract:
  This study attempts to investigate the effects of cultural origin on the
 saving behaviour of immigrants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Using
 household survey data covering 3206 households, savings rates are found to
 be remarkably different across households from different
 countries/regions. Immigrants from developing countries appear to be
 uniform in terms of average household size, age, education and occupation.
 However, immigrants from Pakistan and India are found to have higher
 average savings rates than those from Arab countries, although they have
 relatively lower incomes. This suggests strong cultural effects on
 savings, a proposition that is generally supported by the econometric
 findings of this research. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 139-151 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333179 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333179  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2003:i:5:p:139-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Author-Name: Daniel Clay 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clay 
Title: How Accurate is Food-for-Work Self-Targeting in the Presence of Imperfect Factor Markets? Evidence from Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  Effective targeting of transfers is a key issue in public policy to
 combat poverty. Much faith is presently placed in self-targeting
 mechanisms such as public employment schemes supported by food-for-work
 transfers. Where targeting errors have been observed, these are usually
 attributed to mismanagement of key operational details, such as the
 project's wage rate. Using a unique data set from rural Ethiopia, we
 demonstrate that targeting errors may also have structural causes in some
 low-income countries. We hypothesise that imperfect factor markets
 generate a predictable dispersion across households in reservation wage
 rates that breaks down the unconditionally positive relation between
 income and shadow wages on which the theory of self-targeting public
 employment programmes rests. Our results confirm that the inaccuracy of
 FFW targeting stems from the fact that, in rural Ethiopia, higher income
 households are endowed with more labour per unit of land or animal. Due to
 poor factor markets in land and livestock these labour-abundant households
 have lower marginal labour productivity on farm, thereby depressing the
 reservation wage rates they find acceptable for FFW participation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 152-180 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333189 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333189  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:39:y:2003:i:5:p:152-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel Marcelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcelle 
Author-Name: Eric Strobl 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strobl 
Title: Do Smaller Firms Pay Less in the Caribbean? The Case of Trinidad and Tobago 
Abstract:
  This article constitutes the first study of the employer size wage effect
 for a Caribbean country, namely the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Using
 a rich micro-level data set we estimate the firm size wage premium in an
 empirical model of wage determination. Despite exploring a variety of
 theories, samples, estimation techniques and tests, we find that,
 consistent with the empirical literature, larger firms in Trinidad and
 Tobago pay higher wages than smaller firms, for equally productive
 workers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 181-198 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333199 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333199  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Kelsall 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelsall 
Author-Name: Steve Onyeiwu 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Onyeiwu 
Author-Name: Mike Enskat 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Enskat 
Author-Name: Andrew Palfreman 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palfreman 
Author-Name: Naveed Naqvi 
Author-X-Name-First: Naveed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naqvi 
Author-Name: Keshab Bhattarai 
Author-X-Name-First: Keshab 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattarai 
Author-Name: Victor Murinde 
Author-X-Name-First: Victor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murinde 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 199-216 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331333209 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331333209  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Knight 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight 
Author-Name: Sharada Weir 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharada 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weir 
Author-Name: Tassew Woldehanna 
Author-X-Name-First: Tassew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woldehanna 
Title: The role of education in facilitating risk-taking and innovation in agriculture 
Abstract:
  The impact of education on farmers' attitudes toward endogenous risk
 (measured using an attitude survey instrument) is estimated with household
 data from rural Ethiopia. Education of the household head is found to
 decrease risk-aversion. Next, the effects of education and risk attitudes
 on technology adoption are estimated. Schooling encourages farmers to
 adopt innovations, whereas risk-aversion reduces the probability of
 adoption. Thus, we find that schooling encourages innovation, a
 potentially risky undertaking, not only directly but also indirectly,
 through its effect upon attitudes toward risk. To the extent that educated
 farmers are early innovators and are copied by those with less schooling
 (as other research on the same data has shown), the reduction of
 riskaversion not only has private benefits for those with education but
 also may have externality benefits. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-22 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380312331293567 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380312331293567  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Author-Name: Forhad Shilpi 
Author-X-Name-First: Forhad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shilpi 
Title: The spatial division of labour in Nepal 
Abstract:
  This article examines how economic activity and market participation are
 distributed across space. Applying a nonparametric von Thunen model to
 Nepalese data, we uncover a strong spatial division of labour. Non-farm
 employment is concentrated in and around cities while agricultural wage
 employment dominates villages located further away. Vegetables are
 produced near urban centres; paddy and commercial crops are more important
 at intermediate distances. Isolated villages revert to self-subsistence.
 Findings are consistent with the von Thunen model of concentric
 specialisation, corrected to account for city size. Spatial division of
 labour is closely related to factor endowments and household
 characteristics, especially at the local level. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 23-66 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380312331293577 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380312331293577  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Hjertholm 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjertholm 
Title: Theoretical and empirical foundations of HIPC debt sustainability targets 
Abstract:
  This article traces the origins of HIPC (Heavily Indebted Poor Country)
 debt sustainability targets. These targets are interpreted as 'switching
 values', below which countries are expected to avoid debt service problems
 but, as such, they do not take into account that countries encounter debt
 problems for a variety of reasons and at different levels of debt. It is
 likely that the 'true' switching value of the debt-to-export ratio of many
 HIPCs lie below the present target. Regarding the 'fiscal window' of the
 HIPC initiative, the lack of analytical basis for a 250 per cent target
 for the debt-torevenue ratio is noted, and the problems raised by the
 joint 'openness-revenue' condition are discussed. The article concludes
 that the sustainability targets, as presently applied, are not well
 supported in analytical terms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 67-100 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380312331293587 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380312331293587  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Axel Dreher 
Author-X-Name-First: Axel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dreher 
Title: The influence of elections on IMF programme interruptions 
Abstract:
  Using panel data for 104 countries between 1975 and 1998, this article
 tries to explain interruptions of IMF programmes around election dates in
 the recipient countries. On average, programmes seem to be more likely to
 break down before elections. This increase in interruption probabilities
 is, however, less severe in more democratic countries. In true democracies
 interruption frequencies are even lower prior to elections. While no other
 political variables than elections and democracy were found to influence
 compliance systematically, programme interruptions are significantly more
 likely in countries with high government consumption, high levels of
 short-term debt and low GDP per capita at programme initiation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 101-120 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380312331293597 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380312331293597  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Cook 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook 
Author-Name: Yuichiro Uchida 
Author-X-Name-First: Yuichiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uchida 
Title: Privatisation and economic growth in developing countries 
Abstract:
  This article re-examines the relation between privatisation and economic
 growth. Previous studies that have attempted to measure this relationship
 have concluded that privatisation has had a sizeable positive effect on
 economic growth. Our study uses data for 63 developing countries over the
 time period 1988-97. It uses the framework of an extreme-bounds analysis
 (EBA) to conduct a cross-country growth regression analysis. Our findings
 contradict earlier results, but reaffirm the view that effective
 competition and its regulation may need to accompany privatisation to make
 a positive impact on economic growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 121-154 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380312331293607 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380312331293607  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Joyce 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joyce 
Author-Name: Linda Kamas 
Author-X-Name-First: Linda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamas 
Title: Real and nominal determinants of real exchange rates in Latin America: Short-run dynamics and long-run equilibrium 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the factors that determine the long-run real
 exchange rate in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico, distinguishing between
 real and nominal determinants. Cointegration analysis is utilised to
 establish that the real exchange rate has an equilibrium relationship with
 real variables (the terms of trade, capital flows, productivity, and
 government share of GDP) which excludes nominal variables (nominal
 exchange rate, money) and central bank intervention. Variance
 decompositions reveal that among the real variables that determine the
 real exchange rate, the terms of trade and productivity explain much of
 the variation in the real exchange rates. When nominal variables are
 included in the model, the nominal exchange rate accounts for most of the
 variation in the real exchange rates of all three countries. The impulse
 response functions are broadly consistent with theoretical predictions and
 shocks to the nominal variables have only transitory effects on the real
 exchange rate. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 155-182 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 39 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380312331293617 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380312331293617  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones 
Author-Name: Kunal Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen 
Title: What has luck got to do with it? A regional analysis of poverty and agricultural growth in rural India 
Abstract:
  This article explores the role of agro-ecological factors associated with
 agricultural growth and poverty outcomes in India. Using a new
 operationalisation of agro-ecological factors and incorporating
 within-State variations in poverty and other variables we show that
 agricultural growth and poverty reduction appear to depend on underlying
 agro-ecological conditions which are favourable to the spread of
 irrigation and hence agricultural development, which in turn in associated
 with poverty reduction. Promotion of agriculture in less favoured areas in
 unlikely to have similar effects on agriculture in less favoured areas is
 unlikely to have similar effects on agricultural growth even if the
 effects of agricultural growth on poverty remain similar, unless
 conditions for irrigation are favourable or rainfall is sufficiently
 abundant and reliable. This suggests that considerable caution may be
 needed in drawing policy conclusions from empirical analysis by state
 alone, and without regard to their underlying factor endowments. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-31 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293647 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293647  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Tiffin 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiffin 
Author-Name: P. J. Dawson 
Author-X-Name-First: P. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dawson 
Title: Shock persistence in a dual economy model of India 
Abstract:
  This article examines shock persistence in agricultural and industrial
 output in India. Drawing on the dual economy literature, the linkages
 between the sectors through the terms of trade are emphasised. However,
 different dual economy models make differing assumptions regarding the
 categorisation of variables as being either endogenous or exogenous and
 this distinction is crucial in explaining the pattern of shock
 persistence. Using annual data for 1955-95, our results show that shocks
 to both output series are permanent while those to the terms of trade are
 transient. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 32-47 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293657 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293657  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Del Ninno 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Del 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ninno 
Author-Name: Paul Dorosh 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dorosh 
Title: Impacts of in-kind transfers on household food consumption: Evidence from targeted food programmes in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This article examines the impact of wheat transfers and cash incomes on
 wheat consumption and wheat markets. Using propensity score matching
 techniques, the MPC for wheat is on average 0.33, ranging form essentially
 zero for Food For Work (a programme with large transfers) to 0.51 for Food
 For Education. Econometric estimates indicate that the total marginal
 propensity to consume (MPC) wheat out of small wheat transfers to poor
 households is approximately 0.25, while MPCs for wheat out of cash income
 are near zero. This increase in demand for wheat reduces the potential
 price effect of the three major targeted programmes by about one-third. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 48-78 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293667 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293667  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Author-Name: John Stewart 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart 
Title: Health facility characteristics and the decision to seek care 
Abstract:
  Utilisation of healthcare facilities is low in many developing areas. One
 possible explanation is that treatment costs, in time or money, are high.
 Another is that parents perceive treatment benefits to be low. We combine
 Philippines DHS data with a subsequent facilities survey in order to
 examine these issues with respect to treatment for respiratory infections
 and diarrhoea in young children. Controlling statistically for the
 selectivity of the initiating illness, we find that the staffing level of
 nearby health facilities is a determinant of the probability that parents
 take their ill children for curative care. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 79-100 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293677 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293677  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucia Hanmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanmer 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Infant and child mortality in developing countries: Analysing the data for Robust determinants 
Abstract:
  Is development best achieved by going for growth, or does specific
 attention need to be paid to directly improving human welfare? In contrast
 to the Human Development Reports of the UNDP, the World Bank has stressed
 the growth approach. Recent work has reinforced this position by arguing
 that health spending is extremely ineffective in reducing infant or child
 mortality, which is mainly explained by a country's income per capita.
 This article contests this position through testing the robustness of
 determinants of infant and child mortality. We have estimated over 420,000
 equations which show that, while income per capita is a robust determinant
 of infant and child mortality, so are indicators of health, education and
 gender inequality. Some health spending, such as immunisation, is thus
 shown to be cost effective way of saving lives. Our results are consistent
 with the view that much health spending in developing countries may be
 poorly targeted or otherwise ineffective, but do not support the position
 that public health strategies should not be given too great a role in
 pursuing improvements in human welfare. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 101-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293687 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293687  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ma Shu-Yun 
Author-X-Name-First: Ma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shu-Yun 
Author-Name: Chan Wai-Yin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wai-Yin 
Title: The provision of public goods by a local entrepreneurial state: The case of perservation of the Nanyue relics in China 
Abstract:
  In 1995, relics of the royal palace of the ancient Nanyue kingdom were,
 for the first time, excavated in Guangzhou, the provincial capital of
 Guangdong in south China. As the site is situated at the very business
 centre of the city, preservation of the relics at the original location
 would be highly costly. Conflict thus emerged between archaeological
 consideration and economic calculation. In the end, the Guangzhou
 municipal government decided to preserve the relics, though at huge
 compensation and displacement cost. The case has led to the question of
 how an intergenerational, non-factor-attracting public good (relic
 preservation) could be provided by an economic-oriented local government
 (Guangzhou)? This article will tackle the question using the public choice
 approach. It will explain the political logic of the case in terms of the
 emergence of a new civil service system in China. Some theoretical
 implications of such an approach will be considered. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 119-141 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293697 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293697  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niels Hermes 
Author-X-Name-First: Niels 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermes 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Title: Foreign direct investment, financial development and economic growth 
Abstract:
  This article argues that the development of the financial system of the
 recipient country is an important precondition for FDI to have a positive
 impact on economic growth. A more developed financial system positively
 contributes to the process of technological diffusion associated with FDI.
 The article empirically investigates the role the development of the
 financial system plays in enhancing the positive relationship between FDI
 and economic growth. The empirical investigation presented in the article
 strongly suggests that this is the case. Of the 67 countries in data set,
 37 have a sufficiently developed financial system in order to let FDI
 contribute positively to economic growth. Most of these countries are in
 Latin America and Asia. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 142-163 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293707 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293707  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. Taher 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taher 
Author-Name: M. Salisu 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salisu 
Author-Name: P. N. Snowden 
Author-X-Name-First: P. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Snowden 
Title: Commodity export dependence and the choice of exchange rate regime: Viewing the poles from Saudi Arabia 
Abstract:
  As financial crises followed capital account opening in the 1990s the
 hard peg of a currency board regime was seen as the remaining 'polar'
 alternative to flexible exchange rates. With the Argentine peso
 devaluation of early 2002 suggesting that the fundamental requirement may
 be peg abandonment through either floating or 'dollarisation', the issue
 as it confronts highly open LDSs reliant on a narrow export base of
 primary commodities has been substantially neglected. Under pressure to
 increase financial openness, and with exchange rate variability posing a
 threat to their price level stability, the study asks whether pegging
 could remain an effective choice for such economies. Saudi Arabia has
 combined extreme commodity dependence with financial openness under a
 rigid peg and her experience is examined for the wider lessons it may
 contain. While sensitive to fluctuating confidence in the exchange rate
 evidence on demand for the Riyal suggests that, with appropriate policy
 support, currency pegs remain appropriate for commodity-dependent
 economies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-179 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293717 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293717  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. A. Brett 
Author-X-Name-First: E. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brett 
Title: Participation and accountability in development management 
Abstract:
  This article critically reviews the role of participatory theory in
 managing development projects and programmes in poor countries.
 Participation has emerged in response to global demands for greater
 individual and social control over the activities of state and private
 agencies, and especially to the manifest failures of traditional
 'top-down' management systems in LDCs. Claims made on behalf of these
 participatory methodologies are critically reviewed and a distinction is
 drawn between strong and weak versions of the theory. Empirical evidence
 is then considered to evaluate the effectiveness of these methodologies,
 using long-standing insights of social science theory to show that
 participation can succeed for specific kinds of projects and programmes in
 favourable circumstances, but is unsuitable for many others. It commonly
 fails in contexts where local conditions make co-operative and collective
 action very difficult, or where it is manipulated by implementing agencies
 to justify their own actions or poor performance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-29 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293747 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293747  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Fields 
Author-X-Name-First: Gary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fields 
Author-Name: Paul Cichello 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cichello 
Author-Name: Samuel Freije 
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Freije 
Author-Name: Marta Menendez 
Author-X-Name-First: Marta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menendez 
Author-Name: David Newhouse 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Newhouse 
Title: Household income dynamics: a four-country story 
Abstract:
  In this article, we analyse the dynamics of household per capita incomes
 using longitudinal data from Indonesia, South Africa, Spain and Venezuela.
 We find that in all four countries reported initial income and job changes
 of the head are consistently the most important variables in accounting
 for income changes, overall and for initially poor households. We also
 find that changes in income are more important than changes in household
 size and that changes in labour earnings are more important than changes
 in other sources of household income. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 30-54 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293757 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293757  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Archanun Kohpaiboon 
Author-X-Name-First: Archanun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohpaiboon 
Title: Foreign trade regimes and the FDI-Growth Nexus: a case study of Thailand 
Abstract:
  This article examines the role of trade policy regimes in conditioning
 the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on growth performance in
 investment receiving (host) countries through a case study of Thailand.
 The methodology involves estimating a growth equation, which provides for
 capturing the impact of FDI interactively with economic openness on
 economic growth, using data for the period 1970-99. The results support
 the 'Bhagwati' hypothesis that, other things being equal, the growth
 impact of FDI tends to be greater under an export promotion (EP) trade
 regime compared to an import-substitution (IS) regime. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 55-69 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293767 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293767  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Wobst 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wobst 
Title: The impact of domestic and global trade liberalisation on five Southern African countries 
Abstract:
  We compare the impact of alternative domestic and global trade
 liberalisation scenarios on five economies in Southern Africa. The study
 applies a computable general equilibrium model that employs standardised
 12-sector social accounting matrices for Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania,
 Zambia and Zimbabwe. The approach incorporates stylised features, such as
 own-household consumption and marketing margins, that are of particular
 importance when a majority of agricultural producers are not sufficiently
 integrated into formal markets and thus rely on own production to meet
 their daily diets. Hence, improved infrastructure implies lower marketing
 costs and better market integration, which translates to increased
 production opportunities. The comparison of the results across all five
 countries reveals that common policy measures have different impacts
 depending on the underlying economic structures. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 70-92 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293777 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293777  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: Remco van der Molen 
Author-X-Name-First: Remco 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Molen 
Author-Name: Shubashis Gangopadhyay 
Author-X-Name-First: Shubashis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gangopadhyay 
Title: Business groups, financing constraints and investment: the case of India 
Abstract:
  We examine the effect of business group affiliation on corporate
 investment behaviour in India. More specifically, we test whether group
 affiliation reduces financing constraints for the affiliated firms. We use
 a data set containing 694 listed Indian companies for the 1989-97 period.
 We estimate a simple investment equation and find evidence that the
 investment-cash flow sensitivity is much lower for group affiliates. This
 suggests that business group affiliates have better access to external
 funds than stand-alone firms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 93-119 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293787 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293787  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanjoy Chakravorty 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjoy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakravorty 
Title: Industrial location in post-reform India: patterns of inter-regional divergence and intra-regional convergence 
Abstract:
  Where do new industrial investments locate, and what factors drive the
 industrial location decisions? Do these investments follow the model of
 'divergence followed by convergence' suggested by the cumulative
 causation, agglomeration economies, and transport-costs approaches? These
 questions are examined with district-level data from India for the pre-
 and post-reform periods using: first, tables and maps of concentration and
 clustering, aggregated for all industry and disaggregated into five
 sectors (Heavy Industries, Chemicals and Petroleum, Textiles,
 Agribusiness, and Utilities), and second, logistic and OLS/Heckman
 selection regression models for these six elements. The data provide solid
 evidence both of inter-regional divergence and intra-regional convergence,
 and suggest that 'concentrated decentralisation' is the appropriate
 framework for understanding industrial location in post-reform India. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 120-152 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293797 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293797  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Das Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica Das 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta 
Author-Name: Jiang Zhenghua 
Author-X-Name-First: Jiang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhenghua 
Author-Name: Li Bohua 
Author-X-Name-First: Li 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bohua 
Author-Name: Xie Zhenming 
Author-X-Name-First: Xie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhenming 
Author-Name: Woojin Chung 
Author-X-Name-First: Woojin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung 
Author-Name: Bae Hwa-Ok 
Author-X-Name-First: Bae 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hwa-Ok 
Title: Why is Son preference so persistent in East and South Asia? a cross-country study of China, India and the Republic of Korea 
Abstract:
  Son preference has persisted in the face of sweeping economic and social
 changes in the countries studied here. We attribute this persistence to
 their similar family systems, which generate strong disincentives to raise
 daughters - whether or not their marriages require dowries - while valuing
 adult women's contributions to the household. Urbanisation, female
 education and employment can only slowly change these incentives without
 more direct efforts by the state and civil society to increase the
 flexibility of the kinship system such that daughters and sons can be
 perceived as being more equally valuable. Much can be done to accelerate
 this process through social movements, legislation and the mass media. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 153-187 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380412331293807 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380412331293807  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Somik Lall 
Author-X-Name-First: Somik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lall 
Author-Name: Uwe Deichmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deichmann 
Author-Name: Mattias KA Lundberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias KA 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundberg 
Author-Name: Nazmul Chaudhury 
Author-X-Name-First: Nazmul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhury 
Title: Tenure, Diversity and Commitment: Community Participation for Urban Service Provision 
Abstract:
  What factors influence community participation in the delivery of urban
 services? In particular, does security of tenure enhance the probability
 of participation as it provides individuals with incentives to act
 collectively in pursuit of a common objective? In addition, are collective
 efforts less likely to succeed when there is a high degree of
 heterogeneity in culture or endowments among community members? We use
 household level survey data for Bangalore, India, to show that tenure
 security has a significant impact on the willingness of residents to
 participate even when neighbourhoods are diverse in terms of their
 cultural background and welfare status. Our findings suggest that
 participation is possible in heterogeneous communities when participation
 is a means to a common objective and not a goal in itself. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000213184 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000213184  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M Das Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: M Das 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta 
Author-Name: H. Grandvoinnet 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grandvoinnet 
Author-Name: M. Romani 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Romani 
Title: State-Community Synergies in Community-Driven Development 
Abstract:
  States can do much to tap community-level energies and resources for
 development if they seek to interact more synergistically with local
 communities. The broader spin-off is the creation of a developmental
 society and polity. Using case studies from Asia and Latin America, we
 illustrate how: (1) state efforts to bring about land reform, tenancy
 reform, and expanding non-crop sources of income can broaden the
 distribution of power in rural communities, laying the basis for more
 effective community-driven collective action; and (2) higher levels of
 government can form alliances with communities, putting pressure on local
 authorities from above and below to improve development outcomes at the
 local level. These alliances can also be very effective in catalysing
 collective action at community level, and reducing 'local capture' by
 vested interests. There are several encouraging points that emerge from
 these case studies. First, powerful institutional changes do not
 necessarily take long to generate. Second, they can be achieved in a
 diversity of settings: tightly knit or open communities; war-ravaged or
 relatively stable; democratic or authoritarian; with land reform or (if
 carefully managed) even without. Third, there are strong political
 pay-offs in terms of legitimacy and popular support for those who support
 such developmental action. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 27-58 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000213193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000213193  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Isgut 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isgut 
Title: Non-farm Income and Employment in Rural Honduras: Assessing the Role of Locational Factors 
Abstract:
  This article emphasises the role of locational factors in the
 determination of rural non-farm (RNF) employment possibilities in rural
 Honduras. It finds that while RNF wage jobs are predominantly located
 close to urban areas, RNF self-employment jobs are geographically
 dispersed around the country, depending on local motors such as a
 profitable agricultural activity, an important road, or a tourist
 attraction. In all, the importance of RNF income for rural households
 (31.3 per cent of total income) suggests that the RNF sector should be
 considered when designing policies to improve the capabilities and
 livelihood of the rural Honduran. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 59-86 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000213201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000213201  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MA Hossain 
Author-X-Name-First: MA 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain 
Author-Name: ND Karunaratne 
Author-X-Name-First: ND 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karunaratne 
Title: Trade Liberalisation and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates the effects of trade liberalisation on the
 technical efficiency of the Bangladesh manufacturing sector by estimating
 a combined stochastic frontier-inefficiency model using panel data for the
 period 197894 for 25 three-digit level industries. The results show that
 the overall technical efficiency of the manufacturing sector as well as
 the technical efficiencies of the majority of the individual industries
 has increased over time. The findings also clearly suggest that trade
 liberalisation, proxied by export orientation and capital deepening, has
 had significant impact on the reduction of the overall technical
 inefficiency. Similarly, the scale of operation and the proportion of
 non-production labour in total employment appear as important determinants
 of technical inefficiency. The evidence also indicates that both
 export-promoting and import-substituting industries have experienced rises
 in technical efficiencies over time. Besides, the results are suggestive
 of neutral technical change, although (at the 5 per cent level of
 significance) the empirical results indicate that there was no technical
 change in the manufacturing industries. Finally, the joint test based on
 the likelihood ratio (LR) test rejects the Cobb-Douglas production
 technology as description of the database given the specification of the
 translog production technology. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 87-114 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000213210 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000213210  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten 
Author-Name: Paul Collier 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collier 
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon 
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Author-Name: Bernard Gauthier 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gauthier 
Author-Name: Jan Willem Gunning 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunning 
Author-Name: Abena Oduro 
Author-X-Name-First: Abena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oduro 
Author-Name: Remco Oostendorp 
Author-X-Name-First: Remco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oostendorp 
Author-Name: Catherine Pattillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pattillo 
Author-Name: M&#xe5;ns Soderbom 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xe5;ns 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soderbom 
Author-Name: Francis Teal 
Author-X-Name-First: Francis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teal 
Author-Name: Albert Zeufack 
Author-X-Name-First: Albert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeufack 
Title: Do African Manufacturing Firms Learn from Exporting? 
Abstract:
  We use firm-level panel data for the manufacturing sector in four African
 countries to investigate whether exporting impacts on efficiency, and
 whether efficient firms self-select into the export market. Based on
 simultaneous estimation of a production function and an export regression,
 our preferred results indicate significant efficiency gains from
 exporting, which can be interpreted as learning by exporting. We show that
 modelling unobserved heterogeneity by a flexible approach is important for
 deriving this conclusion. A policy implication of our results is that
 Africa would gain from orientating its manufacturing sector towards
 exporting. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 115-141 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000213229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000213229  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pradeep Agrawal 
Author-X-Name-First: Pradeep 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal 
Title: Interest Rates and Investment in East Asia: An Empirical Evaluation of Various Financial Liberalisation Hypotheses 
Abstract:
  The article attempts to shed light on the appropriate interest rate
 policy in the process of economic development. To this end, we examine
 whether higher interest rates lead to higher investment (and growth) in
 four East Asian countries. We find that the investment rate went up with
 real interest rates up to 9 per cent in all four countries but started
 declining at still higher interest rates in two of the countries. Further,
 a banking crisis occurred in each of the three countries for which the
 real interest rates exceeded 9 per cent. This evidence rejects the
 'neo-structuralist' argument. Nor does it support unbridled financial
 liberalisation. Yet, it provides only limited support to Stiglitz's case
 for 'mild financial repression (real interest rates near zero)' since
 reducing real interest rates from say, 6 to 3 or 0 per cent would have
 reduced investment. The optimum policy seems to be closest to McKinnon's
 'restrained financial liberalisation' policy, that is, liberalisation with
 a moderate upper limit (about 6 or 7 per cent) on the real interest rates. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 142-173 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000213238 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000213238  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Ellis 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis 
Author-Name: H Ade Freeman 
Author-X-Name-First: H Ade 
Author-X-Name-Last: Freeman 
Title: Rural Livelihoods and Poverty Reduction Strategies in Four African Countries 
Abstract:
  This paper compares and contrasts rural livelihoods in Uganda, Kenya,
 Tanzania and Malawi, with a view to informing rural poverty reduction
 policies within Poverty Reduction Strategy Plans (PRSPs). Low household
 incomes in rural areas of all countries are associated with low land and
 livestock holdings, high reliance on food crop agriculture, and low
 monetisation of the rural economy. These adverse factors are in some
 instances made more difficult by land sub-division at inheritance,
 declining civil security in rural areas, deteriorating access to proper
 agronomic advice and inputs, and predatory taxation by decentralised
 district councils. Better off households are distinguished by virtuous
 spirals of accumulation typically involving diverse livestock ownership,
 engagement in non-farm self-employment, and diversity of on-farm and
 non-farm income sources. Lessons for PRSPs centre on the creation of a
 facilitating, rather than blocking, public sector environment for the
 multiplication of non-farm enterprises; seeking creative solutions to the
 spread of technical advice to farmers; and examining critically the
 necessity for, and impact of, tax revenue collection by district councils
 on rural incomes and enterprise. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673175  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anuradha Joshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Anuradha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi 
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: Institutionalised Co-production: Unorthodox Public Service Delivery in Challenging Environments 
Abstract:
  In developing countries in particular, services are often delivered
 through unorthodox organisational arrangements that cannot simply be
 dismissed as relics of 'traditional' institutions, or as incomplete modern
 organisations. Some have emerged recently, and represent institutional
 adaptations to specific political and logistical circumstances. We need to
 expand the range of organisational categories that are considered worthy
 of study and develop a better understanding of the strengths and
 weaknesses of unorthodox arrangements. The concept of institutionalised
 co-production provides a useful point of entry. Institutionalised
 co-production is defined as: the provision of public services (broadly
 defined, to include regulation) through a regular long-term relationship
 between state agencies and organised groups of citizens, where both make
 substantial resource contributions. We explain some varieties of
 institutionalised co-production arrangements; explore why they appear to
 be relatively so widespread in poor countries; and relate the concept to
 broader ideas about public organisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 31-49 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673184 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673184  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Leonard 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leonard 
Author-Name: David Leonard 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leonard 
Title: The Political Economy of Improving Health Care for the Poor in Rural Africa: Institutional Solutions to the Principal-Agent Problem 
Abstract:
  Both governments and private for-profit markets have been disappointing
 in meeting the needs of the African poor for health care. NGO services
 provide a much more attractive alternative for this clientele, despite the
 fees they charge. They do so because they represent an institutional
 solution to the 'imperfect information' problem in health care. Through
 simulations based on data from Cameroon, we demonstrate that if
 fee-charging NGOs replace the highly subsidised but poorly managed
 facilities operated by African governments the poor would be better off.
 Those NGOs that are decentralised in their financial and personnel
 management are most effective. The politics of making the recommended
 changes are assessed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 50-77 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673193  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pushkar Maitra 
Author-X-Name-First: Pushkar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maitra 
Author-Name: Ranjan Ray 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ray 
Title: The Impact of Resource Inflows on Child Health: Evidence from Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, 1993-98 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates changes to the health status of young children
 (aged 0-5 years) in the Kwazulu-Natal province of South Africa during
 1993-98. In our estimation we explicitly take into account the potential
 endogeneity of household resources in affecting child health. In
 particular, we examine whether the effect of resources is differentiated
 by the source, the age and the sex of the recipient. Finally, we also take
 into account the panel structure of the data and conduct (household level)
 fixed effects estimation of the determinants of child health. The
 estimation results show that the state of child health has experienced
 marked improvement following the dismantling of apartheid. Our results
 point to the role of household resources and health infrastructure
 availability in improving the health status of children. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 78-114 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673201  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Gibson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson 
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Title: Is it Better to be a Boy? A Disaggregated Outlay Equivalent Analysis of Gender Bias in Papua New Guinea 
Abstract:
  The demographic evidence of gender bias in many countries has provided an
 impetus for finding ways to study the status of women in developing
 countries. Because of the lack of accurate intra-household data, Deaton
 [1989] introduced a method for using household expenditure data to infer
 discrimination in the allocation of goods between boys and girls. Few
 studies of discrimination using the method, however, have detected bias
 even though alternative indicators suggest it is a serious problem. In
 this paper, we study the case of Papua New Guinea, a country in which
 there are many indicators of severe gender bias. Discrimination in the
 allocation of goods between boys and girls within households in Papua New
 Guinea is examined using Deaton's outlay-equivalent ratio method. Adding a
 boy to the household reduces expenditure on adult goods by as much as
 would a nine-tenths reduction in total outlay per member, but girls have
 no effect on adult goods expenditure. The hypothesis of Haddad and Reardon
 [1993] that gender bias is inversely related to the importance of female
 labour in agricultural production is not supported. Sensitivity analysis
 shows that bias in rural areas occurs equally regardless of the age of the
 household head, while bias against girls may be less in regions of the
 country that have ethnic groups which practice matrilineal descent. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 115-136 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673210 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673210  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaurav Datt 
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav 
Author-X-Name-Last: Datt 
Author-Name: Jennifer Olmsted 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olmsted 
Title: Induced Wage Effects of Changes in Food Prices in Egypt 
Abstract:
  The trend in real agricultural wages in Egypt over the two decades since
 the mid-1970s is well described by an inverted U-shaped curve with a peak
 around 1985. But the rise and fall of real wages masks a complex dynamic
 process by which nominal wages adjust in response to changes in food
 prices. We use governorate-level panel data for 1976-93 to explore the
 nature of this adjustment process. Our results indicate that nominal wages
 adjust slowly. There is a significant negative initial impact of rising
 food prices on real wages, though wages do catch up in the long run. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 137-166 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673229  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Cuadros 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuadros 
Author-Name: Vicente Orts 
Author-X-Name-First: Vicente 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orts 
Author-Name: Maite Alguacil 
Author-X-Name-First: Maite 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alguacil 
Title: Openness and Growth: Re-Examining Foreign Direct Investment, Trade and Output Linkages in Latin America 
Abstract:
  The openness-growth connection is still an open question in the empirical
 literature. Although some studies have found that openness has a positive
 impact on economic performance, others have seriously questioned the
 significance of this result. The main point that we try to emphasise in
 this paper is that openness involves more than just trade liberalisation.
 The increasing importance of international capital flows and especially
 foreign direct investment (FDI) seems to be another relevant component of
 outward oriented policies. Therefore, by using quarterly data from the
 late seventies to 2000, we investigate the effects of liberalisation in
 Mexico, Brazil and Argentina by taking into account trade and FDI growth
 links. The results suggest that it is important to consider both exports
 and FDI to ascertain the benefits associated to the outward oriented
 strategies followed by these countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 167-192 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380410001673238 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380410001673238  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:40:y:2004:i:4:p:167-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Svedberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svedberg 
Title: World Income Distribution: Which Way? 
Abstract:
  Over the past few years, a large number of studies have aimed at
 estimating changes in relative income distribution both across countries
 and globally. Some of the studies find the distribution to have worsened
 considerably, others that it has become more even. One objective of this
 article is to identify and quantify the reasons for these conflicting
 results. Another objective is to highlight the difference between changes
 in relative and absolute income distribution. While the relative
 distribution over the entire range of countries seems to have improved
 somewhat over the past two to three decades according to the most relevant
 indicators, the absolute income gaps between rich and poor countries have
 widened considerably. It is further demonstrated that these gaps will
 inevitably continue to grow for many decades to come. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-32 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000218125 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000218125  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Bebbington 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bebbington 
Author-Name: Scott Guggenheim 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guggenheim 
Author-Name: Elizabeth Olson 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olson 
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock 
Title: Exploring Social Capital Debates at the World Bank 
Abstract:
  This article explores the ways in which discussions of social capital
 have emerged within the World Bank, and how they interacted both with
 project practices and with larger debates in the institution. These
 debates are understood as a 'battlefield of knowledge', whose form and
 outcomes are structured but not determined by the political economy of the
 Bank. Understanding the debates this way has implications for research on
 the ways in which development discourses are produced and enacted, as well
 as for more specific discussions of the place of social capital in
 development studies. The article concludes with a reflection on
 implications of these debates for future research, policy, and practice. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 33-64 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000218134 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000218134  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Author-Name: Sarmistha Pal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pal 
Title: Relationships between Household Consumption and Inequality in the Indian States 
Abstract:
  Current evidence on the relationships between growth and inequality is
 predominantly based on cross-country data sets or panel data sets covering
 a small number of time periods. But these relationships, being
 fundamentally dynamic in nature, need to be considered over a much longer
 time horizon. Available state level results from the National Sample
 Surveys in India provide such an opportunity. This article uses this
 unique data set to examine the interrelationships between average
 consumption and inequality within states, and test for causality.
 Distributional patterns of growth vary, but there is strong evidence in
 many instances of a strong negative effect of initial inequality on
 subsequent growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 65-90 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000218143 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000218143  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dhairiyarayar Jayaraj 
Author-X-Name-First: Dhairiyarayar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayaraj 
Author-Name: Sreenivasan Subramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: Sreenivasan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subramanian 
Title: Women's Wellbeing and the Sex Ratio at Birth: Some Suggestive Evidence from India 
Abstract:
  A declining sex ratio (SR) for a population has generally been diagnosed
 as an indicator of worsening female advantage, while a declining sex ratio
 at birth (SRB) - such as in the context of the Indian population over the
 recent past - has been diagnosed as being caused largely by the phenomenon
 of sex-selective foeticide. In this article, we examine the merits of a
 less sinister hypothesis in terms of which a secular improvement in
 women's wellbeing has led to a sex-neutral reduction in the rate of foetal
 wastage, and through that route, to a reduction in the SRB (and therefore
 in the overall SR of the population). We seek support for this hypothesis
 by examining evidence from India. We also discuss the implications of this
 line of reasoning for women's wellbeing, development and the significance
 of a declining sex ratio. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 91-119 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000218152 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000218152  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:40:y:2004:i:5:p:91-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nancy McCarthy 
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy 
Author-Name: Jean-Paul Vanderlinden 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanderlinden 
Title: Resource Management under Climatic Risk: A Case Study from Niger 
Abstract:
  In this article, we develop an empirical model of an agro-pastoral system
 subject to high climatic risk in order to test the impact of rainfall
 variability on livestock densities, land allocation patterns and herd
 mobility observed at the community level. Also, because grazing land is a
 common-pool resource, we determine the impact of cooperation on these
 decision variables. To capture different abilities of communities to
 cooperate in managing these externalities, we construct indices comprised
 of factors considered to affect the costliness of achieving successful
 cooperation. We then test hypotheses regarding the impact of rainfall
 variability and cooperation, using data collected in a semi-arid region of
 Niger. Results indicate that rainfall variability initially leads to
 higher densities, but the impact becomes negative as variability increases
 still further. This result indicates that the benefits of accumulating
 large herds in variable environments are eventually offset by the
 increasing probability of large losses. Mobility in the current period is
 strongly related to current rainfall, and is also positively related to
 long-term rainfall variability. Communities with characteristics
 hypothesised to favour cooperation have lower stock densities and greater
 herd mobility. Neither cooperation nor rainfall variability has a
 significant impact on the proportion of land allocated to crops or common
 pastures. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 120-142 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000218161 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000218161  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yener Altunbas 
Author-X-Name-First: Yener 
Author-X-Name-Last: Altunbas 
Author-Name: Blaise Gadanecz 
Author-X-Name-First: Blaise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gadanecz 
Title: Developing Country Economic Structure and the Pricing of Syndicated Credits 
Abstract:
  We use a hedonic pricing model to analyse in a risk-return framework the
 determinants of the pricing of a sample of over 5,000 syndicated credits
 granted to developing country borrowers between 1993 and 2001. We conclude
 that syndicated loans with riskier characteristics or granted to riskier
 borrowers are more expensive than others, although the effect of purely
 micro-economic price determinants is in several instances weaker when
 variables reflecting macro-economic conditions in borrowers' countries are
 introduced into the model. In addition to individual loan or borrower
 considerations, lenders seem to focus more on macro-economic factors to
 determine the pricing of their loans, such as the level of exports
 relative to debt service in the developing countries where the borrowers
 are located. For some, this means restricted access to external financing.
 We detect possible evidence of lenders exploiting their market power when
 lending to developing country borrowers. Certain banks appear to charge a
 premium to change initially agreed loan terms. Furthermore, discounts are
 granted on developing country loans provided by small groups or clubs of
 relationship banks rather than on facilities with participation by a large
 number of institutions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 143-173 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000218170 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000218170  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benedetta Rossi 
Author-X-Name-First: Benedetta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi 
Title: Revisiting Foucauldian Approaches: Power Dynamics in Development Projects 
Abstract:
  This article sets out to rethink the usefulness of some aspects of the
 work of Michel Foucault to the study of development. Drawing on the
 detailed ethnography of a development consultancy, it focuses on how
 change was induced in an important and long-standing rural development
 project in West Africa. Foucauldian approaches provide a valuable
 conceptual framework for unravelling the regimes of rationality
 underpinning development institutions and practices. However, they fail to
 address satisfactorily the relation between discourse and agency within
 hierarchically stratified contexts. This article attempts to integrate the
 notion of discourse in an analytical framework specifically aimed at
 studying dynamics of power and hierarchy in development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-29 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233786 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233786  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Bird 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bird 
Title: The IMF Forever: An Analysis of the Prolonged Use of Fund Resources 
Abstract:
  Considerable concern has been expressed about the prolonged use made of
 International Monetary Fund (IMF) resources by a number of member
 countries. Some commentators have seen this as being fundamentally at odds
 with the role of the IMF as a source of temporary balance of payments
 support and as one aspect of mission creep by the Fund. The perceived
 importance of the issue is reflected by the fact that the first report of
 the Fund's Independent Evaluation Office focused on it. This article
 provides a detailed analysis of the prolonged use of Fund resources. It
 assesses the extent to which it is a problem and draws on available
 empirical evidence (both qualitative and quantitative) to isolate the
 causes of prolonged use. It concludes by examining the policy questions to
 which prolonged use gives rise. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 30-58 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233795 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233795  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Praveen Chaudhry 
Author-X-Name-First: Praveen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhry 
Author-Name: Vijay Kelkar 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelkar 
Author-Name: Vikash Yadav 
Author-X-Name-First: Vikash 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yadav 
Title: The Evolution of 'Homegrown Conditionality' in India: IMF Relations 
Abstract:
  This article explores the historical relationship between the Government
 of India (GOI) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as a successful
 model for the ways in which a developing country can learn to work with
 and through multilateral organisations to promote economic and political
 development while sustaining democratic institutions and relative
 international political autonomy. In the mid-1960s, India's relations with
 the USA, IMF, and World Bank were strained after an attempt by these
 institutions to exert 'leverage' over Indian economic policies was exposed
 to parliamentary debate and the scrutiny of a free press. By the late
 1970s, the GOI charted a new course in its interaction with the IMF. In
 1981, India was awarded the largest IMF loan to a developing country up to
 that time. This article will evaluate India's economic reform strategy in
 the early 1980s and explain the development of the concept of 'homegrown
 conditionality' within the GOI. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 59-81 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233803 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233803  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Block 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Block 
Title: Maternal Nutrition Knowledge and the Demand for Micronutrient-Rich Foods: Evidence from Indonesia 
Abstract:
  This study applies both parametric and non-parametric techniques to a new
 household data set from rural Indonesia to explain previous findings of a
 reduced-form relationship between nutrition knowledge and child
 micronutrient status. Households of mothers with and without nutrition
 knowledge allocate identical budget shares to food; yet, within the food
 budget, 'knowledge' households allocate substantially larger shares to
 micronutrient-rich foods and smaller shares to rice than do
 'non-knowledge' households. These differences are partially attributable
 to differences in maternal schooling, but nutrition knowledge has
 additional sources (in particular, access to the village health
 centre/posyandu) and independent explanatory power in conditioning the
 demand for micronutrient-rich foods. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 82-105 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233812 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233812  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Sanjuan 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanjuan 
Author-Name: PJ Dawson 
Author-X-Name-First: PJ 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dawson 
Title: The Impact of War on Calorie Food Demand in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  Daily per capita calorie intake in Bangladesh averaged almost 2,100
 (kilo)calories in the 1960s but fell to 1,840 in 1972 following the war of
 independence in 1971, and only by 1987 did it reach 2,000 again. This
 article examines the long-run relationship between per capita income, food
 prices and per capita calorie intake using aggregate data for Bangladesh
 for 1962-97 and the recent cointegration procedure of Johansen et al.,
 which permits structural breaks. Results show that a long-run relationship
 exists and that the war reduced average calorie intake permanently by 10
 per cent. Impulse responses show that income Granger-causes calorie intake
 but not vice versa. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 106-121 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233821 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233821  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:40:y:2004:i:6:p:106-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregory Amacher 
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amacher 
Author-Name: Lire Ersado 
Author-X-Name-First: Lire 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ersado 
Author-Name: Donald Leo Grebner 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald Leo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grebner 
Author-Name: William Hyde 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hyde 
Title: Disease, Microdams and Natural Resources in Tigray, Ethiopia: Impacts on Productivity and Labour Supplies 
Abstract:
  We examine the effects of water microdams and ensuing waterborne diseases
 on household decisions in Tigray, Ethiopia, where the government
 implemented a water resource development programme two decades ago. We
 find microdams increase productivity of both fuelwood collection and crop
 production, but the costs of these dams to households can be significant.
 In villages close to dams, disease prevalence is higher and all household
 labour categories spend more time sick, and more time is spent by male and
 female adults caring for sick family members. These can cost the household
 anywhere in the region of 150-250 Birr per season, depending on the type
 of labour diversion and the productivity of labour. Males are most
 significant here. Removing their time from production results in 40-60 per
 cent higher productivity and income losses compared to diversion of female
 labour. Sick households also spend significantly more money on health
 care, especially when male and female adults are sick. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 122-145 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233830 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233830  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:40:y:2004:i:6:p:122-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: NS Siddharthan 
Author-X-Name-First: NS 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siddharthan 
Author-Name: Stanley Nollen 
Author-X-Name-First: Stanley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nollen 
Title: MNE Affiliation, Firm Size and Exports Revisited: A Study of Information Technology Firms in India 
Abstract:
  In this study we argue that the export performance of affiliates of
 multinational enterprises (MNEs) in developing countries is determined
 differently from that of licensees of foreign firms or of domestic firms.
 Our empirical results for the information technology sector in India show
 that exports of MNE affiliates are greater when they have larger foreign
 equity stakes that bring more tacit knowledge transfer and complementary
 FDI advantages and when they import more explicit technology from the
 purchase of licences. Standard export determinants such as firm size and
 capital intensity do not matter for MNE affiliates, but they do for
 licensees and domestic firms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 146-168 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 40 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000233849 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000233849  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:40:y:2004:i:6:p:146-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shui-Yan Tang 
Author-X-Name-First: Shui-Yan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tang 
Author-Name: Ching-Ping Tang 
Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Ping 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tang 
Author-Name: Carlos Wing-Hung Lo 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Wing-Hung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lo 
Title: Public Participation and Environmental Impact Assessment in Mainland China and Taiwan: Political Foundations of Environmental Management 
Abstract:
  What role can public participation play in environmental management?
 Among major tools for environmental management, Environmental Impact
 Assessment (EIA) has been widely practised in many countries. Its
 effectiveness, however, varies depending on the extent to which
 transparency and public participation are incorporated in its process. In
 this article, we analyse the role of public participation in environmental
 management by examining the operation of EIAs in two polities, Mainland
 China and Taiwan. In both cases, a lack of transparency and public
 participation had severely limited the effectiveness of EIA during the
 initial years when it was first introduced. Both polities have attempted
 to address the respective limitations of their EIA systems, and both have
 made some progress while encountering problems inherent in their
 underlying political institutions. The two cases illustrate the dynamic
 connections between political institutions and environmental management in
 developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-32 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380420000276554 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380420000276554  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Pandey 
Author-X-Name-First: Rita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandey 
Title: Estimating Sectoral and Geographical Industrial Pollution Inventories in India: Implications for Using Effluent Charge Versus Regulation 
Abstract:
  Developing countries are increasingly concerned about the growing
 pollution levels in cities. Because of the lack of reliable information on
 the nature and magnitude of emissions/discharges from various industrial
 sources it is difficult for regulators to formulate cost-effective
 strategies for industrial pollution control. This article uses the
 Industrial Pollution Projection System database to estimate the industrial
 pollution load and the associated abatement cost, which can be used to
 design cost-effective strategies for pollution control. The article also
 illustrates the cost-effectiveness of market based instruments such as
 effluent charge vis-a-vis regulation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 33-61 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000276563 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000276563  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Author-Name: Phil Simmons 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmons 
Author-Name: Ian Patrick 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patrick 
Title: Evaluation of a Hybrid Seed Contract between Smallholders and a Multinational Company in East Java, Indonesia 
Abstract:
  This article evaluates a hybrid seed contract between Indonesian
 smallholders and Pioneer Hybrid International. A transaction cost approach
 was used to analyse contract participation, total farm gross margins and
 labour and chemical use. The empirical results suggest: (a) the contract
 favours farmers with more irrigated land; (b) the contract improved
 returns to farm capital and was welfare improving; (c) the contract
 increased the demand for non-family labour, particularly female labour;
 and (d) the contract increased the intensity of chemical use. The success
 of the contract was attributed to the nature of the contracting process,
 which was between Pioneer and grower groups and not individual
 smallholders. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 62-89 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000276572 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000276572  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saturnino Borras 
Author-X-Name-First: Saturnino 
Author-X-Name-Last: Borras 
Title: Can Redistributive Reform be Achieved via Market-Based Voluntary Land Transfer Schemes? Evidence and Lessons from the Philippines 
Abstract:
  This article examines market-led agrarian reform (MLAR) and its variants
 in the form of voluntary land transfer schemes under the Comprehensive
 Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) in the Philippines. Analysis of MLAR
 variants in the Philippines offers a preview of what is likely to happen
 when the MLAR model currently being pushed by the World Bank is
 implemented in the real world: Not only do MLAR and MLAR-like schemes fail
 to promote redistributive reform, they also undermine potentially
 redistributive state-led land reform policies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 90-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000276581 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000276581  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:1:p:90-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Knowles 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles 
Title: Inequality and Economic Growth: The Empirical Relationship Reconsidered in the Light of Comparable Data 
Abstract:
  Almost all the recent empirical work on the relationship between income
 inequality and economic growth has used inequality data that are not
 consistently measured. This article argues that this is inappropriate and
 shows that the significant negative correlation often found between income
 inequality and growth across countries may not be robust when income
 inequality is measured in a consistent manner. However, evidence is found
 of a significant negative correlation between consistently measured
 inequality of expenditure data and economic growth for a sample of
 developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 135-159 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000276590 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000276590  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:1:p:135-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yumiko Okamoto 
Author-X-Name-First: Yumiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Okamoto 
Author-Name: Fredrik Sjoholm 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjoholm 
Title: FDI and the Dynamics of Productivity in Indonesian Manufacturing 
Abstract:
  This article examines productivity growth in the Indonesian manufacturing
 sector. We use a longitudinal data set to calculate the effects on
 aggregate manufacturing productivity growth from improvements within
 establishments, from reallocation of market shares, and from the turnover
 of plants. Productivity growth is mainly explained by reallocation of
 market shares and from turnover of plants. Moreover, the foreign
 contribution to productivity growth is unclear and depends on the choice
 of productivity measure. A cautious conclusion is that the foreign
 contribution is about the same size as the foreign share of manufacturing
 output. Finally, there is a difference in the causes of productivity
 growth between foreign and domestic plants. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 160-182 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000276608 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000276608  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:1:p:160-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Robison 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robison 
Author-Name: Kevin Hewison 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewison 
Title: Introduction: East Asia and the Trials of Neo-liberalism 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 183-196 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309205 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309205  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:183-196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Beeson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beeson 
Author-Name: Iyanatul Islam 
Author-X-Name-First: Iyanatul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam 
Title: Neo-liberalism and East Asia: Resisting the Washington Consensus 
Abstract:
  This article examines current debates over the future direction of the
 reform agenda in post-crisis East Asia and sets them in the broader
 context of the global debate on the role of ideas and ideology in shaping
 economic policy-making. It argues that the contest of ideas in economic
 policy-making can evolve independently of their intellectual merit and
 empirical credibility and political interests play an important role. In
 the case of post-crisis East Asia, re-igniting the 'economic miracle' of
 the pre-crisis era does not stem from a politically neutral, dispassionate
 and intellectually rigorous analysis of what went wrong in the
 recession-inducing 1997 financial crisis that engulfed the region. It
 represents an attempt to reinvent orthodoxy in the domain of economic
 ideas and ideology by the global policy community that is in turn
 influenced by US-centric institutions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 197-219 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309214  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:197-219




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vedi Hadiz 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hadiz 
Author-Name: Richard Robison 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robison 
Title: Neo-liberal Reforms and Illiberal Consolidations: The Indonesian Paradox 
Abstract:
  Market-oriented policy agendas have enjoyed a remarkable influence in
 Indonesia for almost four decades. Yet, attempts to impose these agendas
 in any systematic fashion have proven uncertain and inconclusive. This is
 not simply a case of successful resistance to reform by entrenched
 interests. Rather, the deepening of market capitalism and global
 integration has, in many instances, appeared to consolidate authoritarian
 politics and predatory economic relationships. Even in the wake of
 economic crisis and dramatic political change, these basic frameworks of
 power remain largely intact. Such paradoxes raise important questions
 about the relationships between markets, institutions and political and
 social power. We examine how market reforms have been resisted and even
 hijacked to consolidate predatory state and private oligarchies. We look
 at the way such entrenched interests have been reorganised in the face of
 fundamental institutional changes, including the collapse of authoritarian
 rule and the decentralisation of political authority. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 220-241 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309223 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309223  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:220-241




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Hundt 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hundt 
Title: A Legitimate Paradox: Neo-liberal Reform and the Return of the State in Korea 
Abstract:
  This article examines the neo-liberal reforms that the Kim government
 implemented in post-crisis Korea. It argues that by embracing the reforms,
 the state, paradoxically, re-legitimised itself in the national political
 economy. The process of enacting the reforms completed the power shift
 from a collusive state-chaebol alliance towards a new alliance based on a
 more populist social contract - but one that nonetheless generally
 conformed to the tenets of neo-liberalism. Kim and his closest associates
 identified the malpractices of the chaebols as the main cause of the
 crisis, so reforming the chaebols would be the key to economic recovery.
 Combining populism and neo-liberalism, they drew on support from both
 domestic and international sources to rein in, rather than nurture, the
 chaebols. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 242-260 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309232 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309232  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:242-260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Painter 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Painter 
Title: The Politics of State Sector Reforms in Vietnam: Contested Agendas and Uncertain Trajectories 
Abstract:
  The 1997 Asian financial crisis and subsequent impact on Vietnam's
 economy reignited a decade-old internal debate over economic reforms (doi
 moi). Heralded by many as a success story, the pace of doi moi was the
 cause of sharp conflicts within the ruling party as the IMF prescribed
 speeding up the process. At first glance it seemed that neo-liberalism was
 triumphant. However, this article argues that we need to take a closer
 look at the content and meaning of 'reform' in the Vietnamese context.
 Neo-liberal reforms were modified to ensure they consolidated rather than
 unravelled the authority of the Vietnamese state and to accommodate the
 new hybrids of state-business alliances. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 261-283 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309241 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309241  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:261-283




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Case 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Case 
Title: Malaysia: New Reforms, Old Continuities, Tense Ambiguities 
Abstract:
  Of the countries hit by the Asian economic crisis in 1997, Malaysia was
 the least hurt. The government was thus initially able to reject
 neo-liberal prescriptions, instead administering capital controls and
 corporate bailouts. However, despite short-term success, different kinds
 of foreign investors, top politicians and business elites, and mass-level
 constituencies gradually forced wide policy swings. Facing contrary
 pressures, the government fluctuated between 'orthodox' regimens of
 neo-liberal reforms and good governance agendas on one side and patronage
 and corrupt practices on the other. This article analyses these
 fluctuations, then speculates that re-equilibration may have recently have
 taken place. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 284-309 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309250 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309250  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:284-309




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Hewison 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewison 
Title: Neo-liberalism and Domestic Capital: The Political Outcomes of the Economic Crisis in Thailand 
Abstract:
  The 1997 economic crisis in Thailand provided an opportunity for a
 reinvigoration of neo-liberal economic policies. International financial
 institutions, together with Thailand's Democrat-led government, emphasised
 further market reforms, liberalisation, deregulation, decentralisation,
 privatisation and a reduced role for the state. The deep economic downturn
 saw a popular rejection of such policies, meaning that the neo-liberal
 interregnum was short-lived. The 2001 landslide electoral victory of the
 Thai Rak Thai Party symbolised the intensity of opposition to
 neo-liberalism. It also showed that national governments remain critical
 in shaping markets and that domestic economic actors continue to have
 significant political roles. In Thailand, far from neutering domestic
 capital's political capacity, the crisis and opposition to neo-liberalism
 saw this enhanced. One reason for this was that neo-liberal restructuring
 was not simply about the efficient operation of the market. Rather, it
 demanded a fundamental transformation of the operations of government and
 of the ways that business was organised and conducted. This threatened
 domestic capital. Its economic survival required that it seize the state
 so that it could control economic policy-making. This was achieved through
 the Thai Rak Thai electoral victory and its subsequent rule, where the
 protection of domestic capital's interests was achieved through a
 re-negotiation of its social contract with other classes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 310-330 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309269 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309269  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:310-330




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leong Liew 
Author-X-Name-First: Leong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liew 
Title: China's Engagement with Neo-liberalism: Path Dependency, Geography and Party Self-Reinvention 
Abstract:
  China's post-Mao market reform, even after the Asian crisis, does not
 conform to the standard IMF/World Bank model and the state continues to
 mediate market reform. Three principal factors have influenced how the
 state mediates China's market reform: path dependency, a result of China's
 communist and nationalist revolution; China's geography, which favours
 developmental-state-type industrialisation; and most important of all, the
 Chinese Communist Party's successful post-Mao self-reinvention that has
 enabled it to remain in power as a monopolistic party. These factors
 determine that China's engagement with neo-liberalism will be a loose hug
 rather than an intimate embrace. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 331-352 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000309278 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000309278  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:2:p:331-352




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nitya Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Nitya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: Questioning Women's Solidarity: The Case of Land Rights, Santal Parganas, Jharkhand, India 
Abstract:
  Women's land rights have been on the policy agenda in India for at least
 the last 20 years. Yet not much has happened on the ground. Why have not
 women mobilised to claim rights to land? What have been the limits to
 collective action by women around land rights? Through fieldwork in the
 Santal Parganas, Jharkhand, India, this article explores these questions.
 Firstly, the socially embedded nature of land as a resource and the
 mutuality and interdependence between men and women in the productive use
 of land needs to be recognised. Consequently, more than gender identities,
 it is other cross-cutting identities of ethnicity, education, kinship
 relations and marital status that both motivate women to stake their
 claims to land as well as oppose the claims of other women and men.
 Secondly, women's land claims seem to have a chance of becoming effective
 only if they have some male support, hence rather than aligning with other
 women, those who are serious in their claims seek to build alliances with
 men, particularly those able to influence the argument in their favour.
 Just as amongst women, there is considerable evidence to show that men too
 adopt different subject-positions depending on their own experience and
 context. Finally, by attempting to present women's land claims as a gender
 issue, not only is it found that women are unwilling to mobilise around
 this issue, but there is also an enhanced resistance from men. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 353-375 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313282 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313282  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Delgado 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Delgado 
Author-Name: Nicholas Minot 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minot 
Author-Name: Marites Tiongco 
Author-X-Name-First: Marites 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiongco 
Title: Evidence and Implications of Non-Tradability of Food Staples in Tanzania 1983-98 
Abstract:
  Economic reform programmes assume that major goods are tradable, such
 that depreciation of the real exchange rate raises the value of output
 compared to factor costs in domestic currency. In Tanzania, major food
 staples that account for most real income are non-tradables in at least
 one-quarter of the country. This conclusion is demonstrated and the
 implications are assessed for the constraints imposed on macroeconomic-led
 adjustment strategies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 376-393 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313291 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313291  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:3:p:376-393




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Neumayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neumayer 
Title: Is the Allocation of Food Aid Free from Donor Interest Bias? 
Abstract:
  Many studies demonstrate that donor interest, particularly in the form of
 economic export and military-strategic interests, is an important
 determinant in the allocation of general development assistance. Does this
 hold true for food aid as well? This article analyses the allocation of
 food aid in the 1990s by the world's three biggest donors as well as
 non-governmental organisations (NGOs). It finds some evidence for donor
 interest bias, particularly in the form of preferential treatment of
 geographically close countries. However, neither military-strategic nor
 export interests seem to matter. Former Western colonies are also not
 treated differently. Instead, particularly European Union, multilateral
 and NGO food aid allocation appears quite sensitive towards recipient
 countries' needs. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 394-411 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313309 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313309  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:3:p:394-411




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martha Ainsworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Martha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ainsworth 
Author-Name: Kathleen Beegle 
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beegle 
Author-Name: Godlike Koda 
Author-X-Name-First: Godlike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koda 
Title: The Impact of Adult Mortality and Parental Deaths on Primary Schooling in North-Western Tanzania 
Abstract:
  Mortality of parents and other adults due to the African AIDS epidemic
 could reduce children's primary schooling by reducing households' ability
 to pay fees, raising the opportunity cost of children's time, and leaving
 orphaned children with guardians who care less about their education than
 would their parents. This study measures the impact of adult deaths and
 orphan status on primary school attendance and hours spent at school using
 a panel household survey from north-western Tanzania, an area hard-hit by
 the AIDS epidemic. Attendance was delayed for maternal orphans and
 children in poor households with a recent adult death; there was no
 evidence that children 7-14 dropped out of primary school due to orphan
 status or adult deaths. However, among children already attending, school
 hours were significantly lower in the months prior to an adult death in
 the household and seemed to recover following the death. In addition,
 girls sharply reduced their hours in school immediately after losing a
 parent. Improvements in school quality and better access to secondary
 education would improve outcomes for all children, including those
 affected by adult AIDS mortality. Beyond that, public policy needs to
 focus on the special schooling constraints faced by children affected by
 adult deaths, both in terms of increased opportunity costs of their time
 and the psychological impacts, with an eye to how they might be mitigated
 and at what cost. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 412-439 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313318 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313318  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:3:p:412-439




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Bennell 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennell 
Title: The Impact of the AIDS Epidemic on Teachers in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  This is the first of two articles that consider the impact of the AIDS
 epidemic on the education sector in sub-Saharan Africa. Teachers are
 regularly singled out as being particularly vulnerable to HIV infection
 and as such they are considered to be a ' high-risk group'. However, this
 study presents recent evidence from high HIV prevalence countries in
 eastern, central and southern Africa that suggests that this is not the
 case. Teacher mortality rates are considerably lower than those for the
 adult population as a whole. Furthermore, while demographic projections
 show AIDS-related mortality for teachers increasing very sharply during
 the next 5-10 years, teacher mortality rates are in fact declining in a
 number of high prevalence countries mainly as a result of behaviour change
 and the increasing availability of anti-retroviral drugs. The second
 article critically reviews the available evidence on the impact of the
 epidemic on the education of orphans and other directly affected children. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 440-466 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313327 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313327  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:3:p:440-466




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Bennell 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennell 
Title: The Impact of the AIDS Epidemic on the Schooling of Orphans and Other Directly Affected Children in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  This is the second of two articles that assess the available evidence
 concerning the impact of the AIDS epidemic on teachers and the schooling
 of orphans and other directly affected children in sub-Saharan Africa. The
 two main conclusions of this article are, firstly, that current and future
 projections of orphan country populations are likely to be serious
 overestimates. And secondly, while the impact of losing one or both
 parents on educational attainment is often much less than has been
 suggested, Ministries of Education need to act decisively in order to
 mitigate the impact of the epidemic on the schooling of these children. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 467-488 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313336 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313336  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Kinghorn 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinghorn 
Author-Name: MJ Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: MJ 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly 
Title: 'The Impact of the Aids Epidemic' Articles by Paul Bennell: Some Comments 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 489-499 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313345 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313345  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:3:p:489-499




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Chabal 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chabal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 500-511 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0022038042000313286 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022038042000313286  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:3:p:500-511




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Parker 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parker 
Author-Name: Colin Kirkpatrick 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkpatrick 
Title: Privatisation in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence and the Policy Lessons 
Abstract:
  Privatisation is widely promoted as a means of improving economic
 performance in developing countries. However, the policy remains
 controversial and the relative roles of ownership and other structural
 changes, such as competition and regulation, in promoting economic
 performance remain uncertain. This article reviews the main empirical
 evidence on the impact of privatisation on economic performance in
 developing economies. The evidence suggests that if privatisation is to
 improve performance over the longer term, it needs to be complemented by
 policies that promote competition and effective state regulation, and that
 privatisation works best in developing countries when it is integrated
 into a broader process of structural reform. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 513-541 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092499 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092499  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:4:p:513-541




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Addison 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Addison 
Author-Name: Alemayehu Geda 
Author-X-Name-First: Alemayehu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geda 
Author-Name: Philippe Le Billon 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Le 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billon 
Author-Name: S Mansoob Murshed 
Author-X-Name-First: S Mansoob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murshed 
Title: Reconstructing and Reforming the Financial System in Conflict and 'Post-Conflict' Economies 
Abstract:
  Reconstructing the financial system in countries affected by violent
 conflict is crucial to successful and broad-based recovery. Particularly
 important tasks include: currency reform, rebuilding (or creating) central
 banks, revitalising the banking sector, and strengthening prudential
 supervision and regulation. Encouragement of private capital into the
 banking sector must be balanced by protection of the public interest, a
 task made more difficult by the nature of war-to-peace transition. Bank
 crises can destabilise economies in recovery from war, and their fiscal
 burden takes resources away from development and poverty spending -
 thereby threatening 'post-conflict' reconstruction itself. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 703-718 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092861 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092861  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:4:p:703-718




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luigi Solivetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Solivetti 
Title: W.W. Rostow and His Contribution to Development Studies: A Note 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 719-724 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092903 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092903  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:4:p:719-724




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valpy Fitzgerald 
Author-X-Name-First: Valpy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzgerald 
Title: Charles Cooper 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 725-726 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500093281 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500093281  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:4:p:725-726




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Fielding 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding 
Author-Name: Anja Shortland 
Author-X-Name-First: Anja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shortland 
Title: Political Violence and Excess Liquidity in Egypt 
Abstract:
  In this article we estimate a time-series model of excess liquidity in
 the Egyptian banking sector. While financial liberalisation and financial
 stability are found to have reduced excess liquidity, these effects have
 been offset by an increase in the number of violent political incidents
 arising from conflict between radical Islamic groups and the Egyptian
 state. The link between political events and financial outcomes provides a
 rationale for economic policy interventions by the international community
 in response to increases in political instability. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 542-557 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092580 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092580  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Wing-Hung Lo 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Wing-Hung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lo 
Author-Name: Gerald Erick Fryxell 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald Erick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fryxell 
Title: Governmental and Societal Support for Environmental Enforcement in China: An Empirical Study in Guangzhou 
Abstract:
  The enforcement behaviour of environmental officials in developing
 countries has not received adequate attention despite enormous challenges
 to regulatory enforcement in those areas. Accordingly, this article
 examines the relationship between perceptions of support from local
 governments and society and evaluations of enforcement effectiveness. A
 model in which organisational commitment partially mediates these
 relationships was tested using a sample of 202 enforcement officials in
 Guangzhou, China. The findings confirm a partial mediating role for
 organisational commitment and an interaction effect between government and
 societal support. A plot of this interaction reveals that when enforcement
 officials perceive high levels of governmental support, societal support
 further enhances their perceptions of enforcement effectiveness. However,
 when they perceive government support to be low, higher levels of societal
 support appear to diminish their assessments of enforcement effectiveness. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 558-588 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092655 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092655  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:4:p:558-588




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes 
Author-X-Name-First: Catalina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amuedo-Dorantes 
Title: Work Contracts and Earnings Inequality: The Case of Chile 
Abstract:
  Great social inequality has been one of the worrisome features of
 economic development in Latin America. This study focuses on Chile, one of
 Latin America's fastest growing economies with one of the highest levels
 of income inequality during the 1990s. Using micro-level data from the
 1994 and 2000 Encuestas de Caracterizacion Socio-Economica, this article
 examines the role of work contracts in explaining male and female earnings
 and earnings inequality among wage and salary workers over the second half
 of the 1990s. The analysis distinguishes between wage and salary work
 without a work contract - referred to as 'informal' work, and wage and
 salary work with a work contract. Within the latter group, the study
 further differentiates by the type of work contract held, such as
 permanent and a variety of contingent work contracts. The findings reveal
 that the majority of employees in informal and contingent wage and salary
 work arrangements earned significantly less than their permanent
 counterparts. Additionally, informal and contingent wage and salary work
 arrangements accounted for a small, although increasing, fraction of male
 and female earnings inequality from 1994 to 2000. Finally, the
 proliferation of seasonal, fixed-term, and informal wage and salary work
 arrangements has been one of the few economically significant factors in
 explaining changes in male and female earnings inequality over the second
 half of the 1990s. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 589-616 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092697 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092697  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Oczkowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oczkowski 
Author-Name: Kishor Sharma 
Author-X-Name-First: Kishor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma 
Title: Determinants of Efficiency in Least Developed Countries: Further Evidence from Nepalese Manufacturing Firms 
Abstract:
  Using a translog stochastic production frontier and maximum likelihood
 econometric methods, we estimate and model the determinants of firm level
 efficiency in the Nepalese context. Our results are broadly in line with
 theoretical expectations. We find that large firms are more efficient and
 that a higher capital intensity leads to inefficiency. There is no
 statistical evidence to suggest that foreign participation leads to
 efficiency improvements. Also, we do not observe any link between export
 intensity and efficiency improvement. We find that higher protection leads
 to inefficiency. Overall, our results suggest that an outward looking
 industrial strategy, which relies on less intervention and permits the
 development of large-scale industries, is conducive to efficiency
 improvement in least developed countries (LDCs) like Nepal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 617-630 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092721 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092721  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Kirkpatrick 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkpatrick 
Title: Finance and Development: Overview and Introduction 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 631-635 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092770 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092770  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hossein Jalilian 
Author-X-Name-First: Hossein 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jalilian 
Author-Name: Colin Kirkpatrick 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkpatrick 
Title: Does Financial Development Contribute to Poverty Reduction? 
Abstract:
  The article examines the contribution of financial development to poverty
 reduction in developing countries. Building on earlier research which has
 established links between financial development and economic growth, and
 between economic growth and poverty reduction, the article tests for a
 causal process linking financial sector growth and poverty reduction. The
 empirical results indicate that, up to a threshold level of economic
 development, financial sector growth contributes to poverty reduction
 through the growth-enhancing effect. The impact of financial development
 on poverty reduction will be affected, however, by any change in income
 inequality resulting from financial development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 636-656 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092754 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092754  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Strahan Spencer 
Author-X-Name-First: Strahan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer 
Author-Name: Adrian Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: Making the Financial Sector Work for the Poor 
Abstract:
  What is the role of a bilateral donor such as DFID in the field of
 finance and development? What should be its priorities, and what
 instruments are available in the three domains in which it can act -
 internationally, through governments, and on the private sector? In this
 article, we offer some answers to these questions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 657-674 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092820 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092820  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomoe Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomoe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Author-Name: Christopher Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Green 
Author-Name: Victor Murinde 
Author-X-Name-First: Victor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murinde 
Title: Portfolio Behaviour in a Flow of Funds Model for the Household Sector in India 
Abstract:
  We estimate a flow of funds model for the household sector in India,
 within the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) framework, and examine the
 demand for money and the substitution effects between money and other
 financial assets. The restricted long-run model, obtained using
 cointegration techniques, provides stable equilibrium relationship between
 I(1) variables and broadly satisfies the axioms of rational choice in
 consumer demand theory. We find that financial sector reform exerts a
 significant impact on the interest rate structure and household portfolio
 preferences; specifically, there is strong substitutability among
 risk-free assets and a possible speculative effect in the stock market,
 while the exchange rate strongly influences the demand for money. These
 findings all have important policy implications. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 675-702 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500092846 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500092846  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susannah Mayhew 
Author-X-Name-First: Susannah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayhew 
Title: Hegemony, Politics and Ideology: the Role of Legislation in NGO-Government Relations in Asia 
Abstract:
  In the wake of debate on the 'New Policy Agenda' of good governance and
 the increasing prominence of Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) in public
 service delivery, serious questions are being asked about the role of NGOs
 in development, their accountability, their relationships with donors,
 with the state and with their beneficiaries. As southern NGOs receive
 increasing amounts of funding from donors and northern NGOs, their profile
 is being raised, prompting government response. The nature of legislative
 responses of governments to increasingly high profile NGO communities
 range from open hostility and suspicion, to indifference. National
 legislative frameworks are neglected in the literature, yet they may
 profoundly influence the accountability, legitimacy, organisation and
 vision of local NGOs as well as the way northern NGOs can operate in a
 country. The article illustrates the potential for conflict over
 legislation on NGOs but also important opportunities and benefits,
 maintaining that legislation is necessary, because it can act as a
 catalyst to spark and focus debate on the role of NGOs, the extent to
 which they legitimately represent civil society, to whom they are
 accountable and how they can be protected. Open, balanced negotiation
 between stakeholders is necessary to avoid conflict and focus discourse on
 NGO and government roles and accountability. Governments, donors and NGOs
 each have a role to play in shaping NGO legitimacy, ensuring their upwards
 and downwards accountability. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 727-758 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500145263 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500145263  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Fruttero 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fruttero 
Author-Name: Varun Gauri 
Author-X-Name-First: Varun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gauri 
Title: The Strategic Choices of NGOs: Location Decisions in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) play an increasingly important role
 in the delivery of public services in developing countries, but little
 systematic evidence is available about their strategic choices. We develop
 two stylised accounts of NGO strategies: one in which pragmatic and
 organisational concerns determine location decisions, and another in which
 charitable motivations are the principal determinants. We then use data
 from the 1995 and 2000 rounds of the Bangladesh Household and Income and
 Expenditure Survey to analyse location decisions of NGO programmes
 established between those two sample years. Whether disaggregated by
 sector of work or mother organisation, the data show that the net change
 in NGO programmes in a community was not related to indicators of
 community need, that NGOs established new programmes where they themselves
 had no programmes previously, and that they did not avoid duplicating the
 efforts of other NGOs. Overall, the analysis is consistent with an account
 of NGO choices in which a concern for broad coverage significantly affects
 NGO choices. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 759-787 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500145289 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500145289  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:5:p:759-787




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vijayendra Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijayendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Author-Name: Ana Maria Ibanez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibanez 
Title: The Social Impact of Social Funds in Jamaica: A 'Participatory Econometric' Analysis of Targeting, Collective Action, and Participation in Community-Driven Development 
Abstract:
  Qualitative data from a case study of the Jamaica social investment fund
 reveal that the social fund process is elite-driven and decision-making
 tends to be dominated by a small group of motivated individuals. However,
 there is broad-based satisfaction with the outcome. Quantitative data from
 500 households mirror these findings by showing that, ex-ante, the social
 fund does not address the expressed needs of the majority of individuals
 in the majority of communities. By the completion of the project, however,
 80 per cent of the community expresses satisfaction with the outcome. An
 analysis of the determinants of participation reveals that better educated
 and better networked individuals dominate the process. Propensity-score
 analysis demonstrates that JSIF has had a causal impact on improvements in
 trust and the capacity for collective action, but these gains are greater
 for elites. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 788-838 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500145297 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500145297  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Stifel 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stifel 
Author-Name: Harold Alderman 
Author-X-Name-First: Harold 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alderman 
Title: Targeting at the Margin: the 'Glass of Milk' Subsidy Programme in Peru 
Abstract:
  This article evaluates the Vaso de Leche (VL) feeding programme in Peru
 in order to illustrate an evaluation methodology based on targeting
 criteria for a decentralised transfer programme. We find that the degree
 of overall targeting of poor individuals attributable to the central
 government's choice of districts is greater than that attributable to
 choice of participants within districts made by the municipalities and the
 mothers' committees. However, when we use a version of a targeting
 efficiency measure first introduced by Galasso and Ravallion [2003] which
 we modify to be defined on the values of allocations, the opposite is the
 case. The community-based decision makers appear to be targeting the poor
 in terms of the values of the transfers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 839-864 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500145305 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500145305  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingrid Woolard 
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolard 
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen 
Title: Determinants of Income Mobility and Household Poverty Dynamics in South Africa 
Abstract:
  This article analyses household income mobility among Africans in South
 Africa's most populous province, KwaZulu-Natal, between 1993 and 1998.
 Compared to industrialised and most developing countries, mobility has
 been quite high, as might have been expected after the transition in South
 Africa. This finding is robust when measurement error is controlled for.
 When disaggregating the sources of mobility, it is found that demographic
 changes and employment changes account for most of the mobility observed
 which is related to rapidly shifting household boundaries and a very
 volatile labour market in an environment of high unemployment. Using a
 multivariate analysis, it can be seen that transitory incomes play a large
 role. Four types of poverty traps are found, associated with large initial
 household size, poor initial education, poor initial asset endowment and
 poor initial employment access that dominate the otherwise observed
 regression towards the mean. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 865-897 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500145313 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500145313  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: TH Gindling 
Author-X-Name-First: TH 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gindling 
Author-Name: Juan Diego Trejos 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Diego 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trejos 
Title: Accounting for Changing Earnings Inequality in Costa Rica, 1980-99 
Abstract:
  After declining from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, inequality in
 monthly earnings in Costa Rica stabilised from 1987 to 1992 and then
 increased from 1992 to 1999. In this article, we use recently developed
 techniques to measure the extent to which these changes in earnings
 inequality were the result of changes associated with the distributions of
 personal and workplace characteristics of workers or the earnings
 differences associated with those characteristics. We present evidence
 that the most important cause of the fall in inequality prior to 1987 was
 a decline in returns to education. Inequality stopped falling in Costa
 Rica in the 1990s in part because returns to education stopped falling.
 The most important cause of rising inequality in monthly earnings in the
 1990s was an increase in the proportion of workers working a non-standard
 work week (part-time or over-time). 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 898-926 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500145321 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500145321  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Craig Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: Craig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Author-Name: Priya Deshingkar 
Author-X-Name-First: Priya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deshingkar 
Author-Name: Daniel Start 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Start 
Title: Grounding the State: Devolution and Development in India's Panchayats 
Abstract:
  Decentralisation is commonly defended on the grounds that it will bring
 government closer to people, thereby creating political structures that
 are more transparent and accountable to poor and marginal groups in
 society. However, a problem that is well recognised in the
 decentralisation literature is that the devolution of power will not
 necessarily improve the performance and accountability of local
 government. Indeed, in many cases, decentralisation simply empowers local
 elites to capture a larger share of public resources, often at the expense
 of the poor. Reflecting on these relatively long-standing problems, an
 important strand of scholarship has argued that central government can
 play a central role in counterbalancing the forces that tend to disfavour
 the poor. In this article, we aim to inform this scholarship by reflecting
 on the interface between local government and local people in two Indian
 States: Andhra Pradesh (AP) and Madhya Pradesh (MP). Drawing upon 12
 months of primary research, we argue that although the government of AP
 did not devolve power to the extent that proponents of decentralisation
 would have liked, its populist approach to certain forms of poverty
 reduction empowered the poor in ways that the more ambitious
 decentralisation agenda in MP did not. This, we argue, was due in part to
 the fact that MP's decentralisation process failed to challenge the
 well-entrenched power of the village chiefs, the sarpanches. But the
 discrepancy can also be explained in terms of the historical evolution of
 'development populism' in AP. In particular, we argue that the strong
 performance of programmes aimed at subsidising rice for low income
 households and providing credit to women's 'self-help groups' (SHGs) was
 part of the State government's wider political strategy of enhancing and
 maintaining electoral support among women, scheduled castes and the poor. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 937-970 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155197 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155197  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Title: Imports and Implementation: Neglected Aspects of Trade in the Report of the Commission for Africa 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1133-1153 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500188107 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500188107  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:6:p:1133-1153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vamsi Vakulabharanam 
Author-X-Name-First: Vamsi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vakulabharanam 
Title: Growth and Distress in a South Indian Peasant Economy During the Era of Economic Liberalisation 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the impact of agricultural liberalisation on
 different farming classes in the region of Telangana in South India. The
 region has been witnessing significant growth in real agricultural output
 over the last 15 years. At the same time, as NSS (National Sample Survey)
 household survey data indicate, there have been significant welfare
 declines not only for marginal farmers and landless labour, but for other
 groups as well. There have also been more than a thousand farmer suicides
 between 1998 and 2002. I argue in this article that during the
 liberalisation period, that is, post 1990, agricultural growth and
 increased distress have become mutually intertwined. I use the terms,
 growth-inducing distress and distress-inducing growth to explain this
 apparent paradox. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 971-997 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155239 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155239  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:6:p:971-997




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanjaya Lall 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjaya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lall 
Title: FDI, AGOA and Manufactured Exports by a Landlocked, Least Developed African Economy: Lesotho 
Abstract:
  Lesotho, a resource-poor country located inside South Africa, is now
 Africa's largest exporter of apparel to the US. Its performance, very
 unusual for Africa, relies heavily on Asian investors and trade
 privileges. This article traces the origins of FDI in Lesotho and the
 determinants of its export competitiveness, showing that apparel
 production suffers from low productivity, poor skills and weak local
 links. Its prospects after AGOA (the African Growth and Opportunities Act)
 remain uncertain unless the government addresses these structural
 problems. Lesotho holds important lessons for industrial development in
 Africa, going beyond creating a good investment environment. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 998-1022 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155254 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155254  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:6:p:998-1022




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Allanson 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allanson 
Author-Name: Jonathan Atkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkins 
Title: The Evolution of the Racial Wage Hierarchy in Post-Apartheid South Africa 
Abstract:
  This article develops a multilateral decomposition procedure for the
 analysis of wage differentials and applies this to the evolution of the
 racial wage hierarchy in South Africa over the period 1993-2001. We find
 evidence that the wage position of the majority African workforce improved
 relative to all other racial groups immediately following the transition
 to democratic rule in 1994, but that these gains have been largely eroded
 in the ensuing years of the post-apartheid era. We review the range of
 policy initiatives that have been taken by the government since 1994 in
 the light of our empirical findings. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1023-1050 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155270 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155270  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Fielding 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding 
Author-Name: Kalvinder Shields 
Author-X-Name-First: Kalvinder 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shields 
Title: Do Currency Unions Deliver More Economic Integration than Fixed Exchange Rates? Evidence from the Franc Zone and the ECCU 
Abstract:
  In this article we develop a model to identify determinants of
 macroeconomic integration in the African Franc Zone and in Dollar-pegging
 Caribbean countries (including members of the East Caribbean Currency
 Union). These two groups of countries each comprise states using several
 different local currencies: on the one hand the UEMOA CFA Franc and the
 CEMAC CFA Franc (both pegged to the Euro), on the other the ECCU Dollar
 and other national Dollar-pegged currencies. The purpose of the analysis
 is to distinguish the effect of monetary union on macroeconomic
 integration from the effect of pegging to a common OECD currency. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1051-1070 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155312 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155312  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ding Lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ding 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu 
Author-Name: Shandre Thangavelu 
Author-X-Name-First: Shandre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thangavelu 
Author-Name: Qing Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Qing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Title: Biased Lending and Non-performing Loans in China's Banking Sector 
Abstract:
  This article uses a panel data set of public listing companies in China
 empirically to explore the relationship between banks' lending behaviour
 and non-performing loans. Our results show that state-owned enterprises
 (SOEs) got more loans than other firms, other things being equal, and SOEs
 with high default risks were able to borrow more than the low-risk SOEs
 and non-SOEs. This suggests that Chinese banks had a systemic lending bias
 in favour of SOEs, particularly those with high default risks, during the
 period under investigation. The causes and implications of this behaviour
 are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1071-1091 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155361 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155361  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:6:p:1071-1091




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Feeny 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Feeny 
Title: The Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Papua New Guinea 
Abstract:
  This article investigates the impact of foreign aid on economic growth in
 Papua New Guinea (PNG) using time-series data for the period 1965 to 1999.
 Following the most recent literature, the article examines whether aid
 effectiveness is conditional on levels of economic policy and governance.
 An empirical model is estimated using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag
 (ARDL) approach to cointegration proposed by Pesaran and Shin [1995].
 Results provide little evidence that aid and its various components have
 contributed to economic growth in PNG. There is some evidence that aid is
 more effective during periods when the country has undertaken a World Bank
 Structural Adjustment Program (SAP). An alternative interpretation is that
 a SAP may be more effective at spurring growth when supported by foreign
 aid. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1092-1117 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500155403 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500155403  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Sandbrook 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandbrook 
Title: Africa's Great Transformation? 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1118-1125 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500188032 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500188032  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Kayizzi-Mugerwa 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kayizzi-Mugerwa 
Title: Report of the Commission for Africa: What is New? 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1126-1132 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500187943 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500187943  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Perz 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perz 
Title: The importance of household asset diversity for livelihood diversity and welfare among small farm colonists in the Amazon 
Abstract:
  Taking a small farm colony on the Amazon frontier as a case study, this
 article examines the relationships among household assets, livelihood
 diversity and welfare. The findings show that: (1) few households
 diversified into non-agricultural income sources, but those that did also
 had agricultural incomes comparable to households primarily reliant on
 agriculture; (2) distinct household assets influence the extent of
 agricultural and non-agricultural diversity, implying that households with
 combinations of specific assets were best able to diversify their
 livelihoods, and (3) while specific types of household assets influence
 household welfare, livelihood diversity does not exert an additional
 effect on welfare. A key issue that emerges is that different arrays of
 assets are important for agricultural and non-agricultural diversity as
 well as for household welfare, implying that households need diverse
 assets for diverse livelihoods as well as better welfare. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1193-1220 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500170899 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500170899  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikolaj Malchow-M&#xf8;ller 
Author-X-Name-First: Nikolaj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malchow-M&#xf8;ller 
Author-Name: Michael Svarer 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svarer 
Title: Wage - labour activities by agricultural households in Nicaragua 
Abstract:
  This article considers wage - labour activities by agricultural
 households in Nicaragua. It analyses the role of: (1) comparative
 advantage as determined by individual and household characteristics; and
 (2) agricultural conditions and market imperfections, in shaping wage -
 labour supply. An econometric specification is developed which allows for
 random household-specific effects. Results reveal that non-agricultural
 wage work is largely determined by comparative advantages, whereas
 agricultural wage work is used to deal with a number of agricultural
 conditions and market imperfections. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1221-1246 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500170907 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500170907  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Laszlo 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Laszlo 
Title: Self-employment earnings and returns to education in rural Peru 
Abstract:
  This article estimates the returns to education for households who derive
 part of their income from household based non-farm self-employment
 ventures in rural Peru. While education is an individual level variable,
 earnings are observed at the household level. This asymmetry complicates
 both the estimation and the interpretation of the returns to education.
 This article is the first jointly to incorporate three channels through
 which education affects household earnings. Education affects earnings
 through the marginal productivity of labour (worker effect), labour
 allocation across activities (between-activity allocative effect) and its
 production externality effect (spillover effect). The results suggest that
 the between-activity allocative effects of education dominate the returns.
 This article also makes novel use of economic geography to proxy for the
 role that access to markets plays in determining these returns. In
 particular, altitude is a strong predictor of activity choice and the
 returns to education in this mountainous country. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1247-1287 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500170915 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500170915  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Goldstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstein 
Author-Name: Todd Moss 
Author-X-Name-First: Todd 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moss 
Title: Compassionate conservatives or conservative compassionates? US political parties and bilateral foreign assistance to Africa 
Abstract:
  Conventional wisdom about US foreign policy towards Africa contains two
 popular assumptions. First, Democrats are widely considered the party most
 inclined to care about Africa and the most willing to spend resources on
 assistance to the continent. Second, the end of the Cold War was widely
 thought to have led to a gradual disengagement of the US from Africa and
 reduced American attention toward the continent. This article analyses
 data on US foreign assistance flows from 1961 - 2000 and finds that
 neither of these assumptions is true. Rather, we find that the
 configuration of party control over Congress and the Presidency matters
 significantly, with aid to Africa substantially reduced when the two
 branches are in opposition. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1288-1302 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500170949 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500170949  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karine Chapelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Karine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chapelle 
Author-Name: Patrick Plane 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plane 
Title: Technical efficiency measurement within the manufacturing sector in Cote d'Ivoire: A stochastic frontier approach 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the productive performance in four manufacturing
 sectors of the Ivorian economy: textiles and garments, metal products,
 food processing, wood and furniture. To appraise the productive
 performance, econometric production frontier models are estimated,
 illustrating the maximum output attainable from a given quantity of
 inputs. The frontier and firm efficiency scores are derived from
 stochastic production functions estimated on cross-sectional data. The
 stochastic specification of the models allows for the decomposition of the
 error term into two components, one the normal random effect and the other
 to account for technical inefficiency that we explain by various exogenous
 variables describing the economic and institutional environment. Firm size
 proves to be a statistically significant determinant of the productive
 performance. Across the four sectors, the positive impact of being large
 compensates the negative effect of a formal institutional status in an
 environment where government regulations still prevail. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1303-1324 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500170964 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500170964  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna 
Author-Name: Mahesh Kapila 
Author-X-Name-First: Mahesh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kapila 
Author-Name: Mahendra Porwal 
Author-X-Name-First: Mahendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Porwal 
Author-Name: Virpal Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Virpal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Title: Why growth is not enough: Household poverty dynamics in Northeast Gujarat, India 
Abstract:
  Despite high growth rates in Gujarat, exceeding 9 per cent per year over
 the decade of the 1990s, poverty in 36 villages located in the
 northeastern part of this state has changed hardly at all. In these
 villages, 9.5 per cent of households escaped from poverty over the past 25
 years, but 6.3 per cent of households became poor at the same time. Escape
 and descent are not symmetric: different reasons account for escaping
 poverty than those for declining into poverty. Growth alone is hardly
 sufficient to achieve poverty reduction on any significant scale. Public
 policies will be needed to address directly the separate causes for
 descent into poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1163-1192 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500170865 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500170865  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:7:p:1163-1192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Title: Sen's capability approach and the many spaces of human well-being 
Abstract:
  Following Amartya Sen, this paper contends that the capability approach
 provides a better framework for thinking about human well-being and
 development than more traditional approaches which typically focus on
 utility or resources. This is illustrated by drawing on the results of a
 survey which investigated how ordinary people in South Africa view human
 well-being (a 'good' form of life). However, the results of this exercise
 indicate that the capability approach overlaps with both utility
 (happiness, pleasure, etc) and resource-based concepts of well-being. The
 distinctions between commodities (and their characteristics), human
 functioning and utility is less robust than Sen implies. In particular,
 the capability approach needs to make more space for the role of utility
 (defined broadly to include all valuable mental states) and say more about
 the material basis of well-being. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1339-1368 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500186853 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500186853  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:8:p:1339-1368




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vani Borooah 
Author-X-Name-First: Vani 
Author-X-Name-Last: Borooah 
Author-Name: Sriya Iyer 
Author-X-Name-First: Sriya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iyer 
Title: Vidya, Veda, and Varna: The influence of religion and caste on education in rural India 
Abstract:
  This paper argues that Vidya (education), Veda (religion) and Varna
 (caste) are inter-linked in India. It examines whether, and to what
 extent, the enrolment of children at school in India is influenced by
 community norms such as those of religion (Hindu or Muslim) or caste
 (Scheduled or non-Scheduled). The econometric estimates are based on unit
 record data from a survey of 33,000 rural households, in 1,765 villages,
 from 16 states of India. The equation for the likelihood of being enrolled
 at school is estimated separately for boys and for girls and, in each of
 the equations, all of the slope coefficients are allowed to differ
 according to whether the children are Hindu, Muslim or Scheduled Caste.
 The main findings are that the size of the religion or caste effect
 depends on the non-community circumstances in which the children are
 placed. Under favourable circumstances (for example, when parents are
 literate), the size of the community effect is negligible. Under less
 favourable circumstances, the size of the community effect is
 considerable. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1369-1404 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500186960 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500186960  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sourafel Girma 
Author-X-Name-First: Sourafel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Girma 
Author-Name: Abbi Kedir 
Author-X-Name-First: Abbi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kedir 
Title: Heterogeneity in returns to schooling: Econometric evidence from Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates whether returns to schooling in Ethiopia vary
 across the wage distribution of individuals. To do so, it adopts an
 instrumental variables quantile regression framework that allows for both
 endogeneity of schooling resulting from unmeasured ability, and possible
 heterogeneity in the impact of schooling. The empirical estimates indicate
 that education contributes more to the earnings of individuals at a lower
 end of the income distribution. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1405-1416 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500187026 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500187026  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Akin 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akin 
Author-Name: Paul Hutchinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hutchinson 
Author-Name: Koleman Strumpf 
Author-X-Name-First: Koleman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strumpf 
Title: Decentralisation and government provision of public goods: The public health sector in Uganda 
Abstract:
  While many developing countries have devolved health care
 responsibilities to local governments in recent years, no study has
 examined whether decentralisation actually leads to greater health sector
 allocative efficiency. This paper approaches this question by modeling
 local government budgeting decisions under decentralisation. The model
 leads to conclusions not all favourable to decentralisation and produces
 several testable hypotheses concerning local government spending choices.
 For a brief empirical test of the model we look at data from Uganda. The
 data are of a type seldom available to researchers-actual local government
 budgets for the health sector in a developing country. The health budgets
 are disaggregated into specific types of activities based on a subjective
 characterisation of each activity's 'publicness'. The empirical results
 provide preliminary evidence that local government health planners are
 allocating declining proportions of their budgets to public goods
 activities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1417-1443 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500187075 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500187075  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marijke D'haese 
Author-X-Name-First: Marijke 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'haese 
Author-Name: Wim Verbeke 
Author-X-Name-First: Wim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verbeke 
Author-Name: Guido Van Huylenbroeck 
Author-X-Name-First: Guido 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Huylenbroeck 
Author-Name: Johann Kirsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Johann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirsten 
Author-Name: Luc D'haese 
Author-X-Name-First: Luc 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'haese 
Title: New Institutional Arrangements for Rural Development: The Case of Local Woolgrowers' Associations in the Transkei Area, South Africa 
Abstract:
  Until recently, smallholder farmers in the Transkei area had very limited
 access to a profitable market outlet for their wool. In response, the
 South African wool industry built shearing sheds, managed by a local
 association that sells directly to the brokers. This article investigates
 the effect of joint wool marketing through the shearing shed on the
 farmers' revenue from wool. A three-step regression model of the revenue
 from wool indicates that the farmers selling through the shearing shed
 obtain better financial results as compared to those who use alternative
 channels. This analysis shows how new institutional arrangements may
 contribute to economic development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1444-1466 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500187810 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500187810  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammed Islam 
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam 
Title: Regime changes, economic policies and the effect of aid on growth 
Abstract:
  This study finds that on average aid has little impact on economic
 growth, although a robust finding is that aid promotes growth only in a
 politically stable environment irrespective of the quality of the
 country's economic policies. Aid is ineffective in an unstable environment
 even in the presence of good policies. The results, however, indicate that
 policy is more effective in promoting growth when supported by increased
 aid flows rather than aid being more effective in good policy environment.
 The empirical results also provide some tentative support for the presence
 of an aid Laffer curve in the politically stable countries. The allocation
 of aid is found to be influenced by the country size and its state of
 development, rather than the quality of policy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1467-1492 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 41 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500187828 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500187828  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:41:y:2005:i:8:p:1467-1492




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnab Acharya 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnab 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acharya 
Author-Name: Ana Teresa Fuzzo de Lima 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Teresa Fuzzo 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Lima 
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: Proliferation and fragmentation: Transactions costs and the value of aid 
Abstract:
  The problem of the proliferation of the number of aid donors and aid
 channels continues to worsen. It is widely and plausibly believed that
 this significantly reduces the value of aid by increasing direct and
 indirect transactions costs. We contribute to the existing literature by:
 (a) categorising the apparent adverse effects of proliferation; (b)
 producing a reliable and fair indicator of the relative degree to which
 the main bilateral donors proliferate or concentrate their aid; (c) giving
 some explanation of why some donors proliferate more than others; (d)
 constructing a reliable measure of the extent to which recipients suffer
 from the problem of fragmentation in the sources of their aid; and (e)
 demonstrating that the worst proliferators among the aid donors are
 especially likely to be suppliers of aid to recipients suffering most from
 fragmentation. There are significant implications for aid policy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-21 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356225 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356225  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruce Larson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larson 
Author-Name: Bart Minten 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten 
Author-Name: Ramy Razafindralambo 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Razafindralambo 
Title: Unravelling the linkages between the millennium development goals for poverty, education, access to water and household water use in developing countries: Evidence from Madagascar 
Abstract:
  All members of the United Nations have pledged to meet eight Millennium
 Development Goals (MDGs) by the year 2015. This study looks at the MDG
 objectives and linkages between poverty, education, access to water, and
 household water use based on primary data collected in Madagascar. We find
 strong links between these MDGs. Better educated and higher income
 households rely significantly more on private water supplies and use
 significantly more water. Econometric results show that, for poorer
 households who rely on public sources, improving access to public water
 taps (by reducing the distance to such a water source) would not alter
 dramatically water use patterns. Improved access does free up a
 significant amount of time that could contribute to poverty reduction. The
 willingness of households to pay for improved access is very price
 sensitive, probably because of the liquidity constraints of these
 households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 22-40 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356258 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356258  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:1:p:22-40




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yujiro Hayami 
Author-X-Name-First: Yujiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hayami 
Author-Name: A. K. Dikshit 
Author-X-Name-First: A. K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dikshit 
Author-Name: S. N. Mishra 
Author-X-Name-First: S. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra 
Title: Waste pickers and collectors in Delhi: Poverty and environment in an urban informal sector 
Abstract:
  Waste pickers and collectors constitute the bottom layer of waste
 recycling in the metropolis of Delhi. Pickers collect waste just by
 picking them up from public places such as garbage dumps and streets,
 whereas collectors purchase waste from waste producers such as households
 and shops for sale to higher-level waste traders. Most pickers have
 incomes below the poverty line set by the Planning Commission of India,
 whereas the majority of collectors earn marginally higher than the
 poverty-line income. The poverty of pickers is not transitory, but chronic
 as they have no connection to enter the community of collectors and
 higher-level waste traders within which the community mechanism works
 effectively to reduce risk and transaction costs. Despite their low
 economic and social status, pickers and collectors are making important
 contributions to society. It is found that pickers and collectors are
 adding more value than their own income to waste producers' income and to
 the saving of the city government's expenditure for disposing waste.
 Increased public support not only for social services, but also production
 services and infrastructure can be justified not only for the purposes of
 reducing poverty but also for furthering their positive contribution to
 society. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 41-69 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356662 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356662  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:1:p:41-69




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Takashi Kurosaki 
Author-X-Name-First: Takashi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurosaki 
Title: Consumption vulnerability to risk in rural Pakistan 
Abstract:
  As one of the dimensions of vulnerability, this paper empirically
 investigates the inability of rural dwellers to cope with negative income
 shocks. A variable coefficient regression model is applied to a two-period
 household panel dataset collected in the North-West Frontier Province,
 Pakistan, an area with high incidence of income poverty and low human
 development. The empirical model allows for a different ability to smooth
 consumption, approximated by a linear function of households' attributes,
 and controls for the endogeneity of observed changes in income, using
 qualitative information on subjective risk assessment. Estimation results
 show that the ability to cope with negative income shocks is lower for
 households that are aged, landless and do not receive remittances
 regularly. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 70-89 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356696 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356696  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:1:p:70-89




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lokshin 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lokshin 
Author-Name: Monica Fong 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fong 
Title: Women's labour force participation and child care in Romania 
Abstract:
  This paper models household demand for childcare and mothers' labour
 force participation in Romania. The model estimates the effects of the
 price of childcare, mothers' wages, and household characteristics on
 household behaviour with respect to childcare and maternal employment. We
 find that both the maternal decision to become employed and the decision
 to use out-of-home care are sensitive to the price of childcare. A
 decrease in the price of care can increase the number of working mothers
 and thus can reduce poverty in some households. We also find that the
 potential market wage of the mother has a significant positive effect on
 the decision to purchase market care and on the decision to engage in paid
 employment. The level of household non-wage income has little effect on
 maternal employment and on the demand for childcare. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 90-109 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356746 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356746  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:1:p:90-109




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nabanita Datta Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Nabanita Datta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta 
Author-Name: Amaresh Dubey 
Author-X-Name-First: Amaresh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dubey 
Title: Fertility and the household's economic status: A natural experiment using Indian micro data 
Abstract:
  We model fertility as endogenous to the family's economic status because
 poor households choose to have large families in the absence of adequate
 social insurance. Because of a strong son preference in India, having two
 girls first can proxy an exogenous increase in fertility, and is therefore
 a good instrument for fertility in determining poverty of rural
 households. The 1993-1994 Indian Quinquennial Survey data shows that even
 though poverty rates are comparable, 74 per cent of two-girl families have
 a third child compared to 63 per cent of other families. Fertility
 significantly positively affects poverty when treated as exogenous, but
 vanishes once endogenised. These results are robust to omitting states
 with skewed sex ratios and to proxying economic status by expenditures. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 110-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356779 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356779  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:1:p:110-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Orlando Sotomayor 
Author-X-Name-First: Orlando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotomayor 
Title: Macroeconomic performance and poverty in Brazil 
Abstract:
  Drawing on Brazilian time-series data this study finds an inelastic link
 between poverty and wages over the macroeconomic cycle that is devoid of
 the asymmetric effects that characterise the phenomenon's response to
 changes in the rate of unemployment. Deepening of structural reforms in
 the second half of the 1990s had no effect on the aforementioned
 relationships, which also varied little by regional level of development.
 Finally, the connection between poverty and long-term income changes was
 more elastic, suggesting an association between the economy's recent
 disappointing performance in alleviating poverty and its lacklustre growth
 record over the past two decades. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 139-157 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500356811 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500356811  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:1:p:139-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Author-Name: Michael Carter 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter 
Author-Name: Peter Little 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Little 
Title: Understanding and reducing persistent poverty in Africa: Introduction to a special issue 
Abstract:
  This paper introduces a special issue exploring persistent poverty in
 sub-Saharan Africa. As a set, these papers break new ground in exploring
 the dynamics of structural poverty, integrating qualitative and
 quantitative methods of analysis and adopting an asset-based approach to
 the study of changes in well-being, especially in response to a wide range
 of different (climatic, health, political, and other) shocks. In this
 introductory essay, we frame these studies, building directly on evolving
 conceptualisations of poverty in Africa. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 167-177 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500404587 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500404587  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:167-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Carter 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter 
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Title: The economics of poverty traps and persistent poverty: An asset-based approach 
Abstract:
  Longitudinal data on household living standards open the way to a deeper
 analysis of the nature and extent of poverty. While a number of studies
 have exploited this type of data to distinguish transitory from more
 chronic forms of income or expenditure poverty, this paper develops an
 asset-based approach to poverty analysis that makes it possible to
 distinguish deep-rooted, persistent structural poverty from poverty that
 passes naturally with time due to systemic growth processes. Drawing on
 the economic theory of poverty traps and bifurcated accumulation
 strategies, this paper briefly discusses some feasible estimation
 strategies for empirically identifying poverty traps and long-term,
 persistent structural poverty, as well as relevant extensions of the
 popular Foster-Greer-Thorbecke class of poverty measures. The paper closes
 with reflections on how asset-based poverty can be used to underwrite the
 design of persistent poverty reduction strategies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 178-199 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405261 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405261  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:178-199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Little 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Little 
Author-Name: M. Priscilla Stone 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Priscilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stone 
Author-Name: Tewodaj Mogues 
Author-X-Name-First: Tewodaj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mogues 
Author-Name: A. Peter Castro 
Author-X-Name-First: A. Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro 
Author-Name: Workneh Negatu 
Author-X-Name-First: Workneh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Negatu 
Title: 'Moving in place': Drought and poverty dynamics in South Wollo, Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the impact of drought on poverty dynamics in the
 South Wollo area of northeastern Ethiopia. Using both survey and
 anthropological/qualitative data covering a six-year period, the paper
 assesses which households were able to hold on to assets and recover from
 the 1999-2000 drought and which were not. It suggests that while the
 incidence of poverty changed very little during 1997 to 2003 despite the
 occurrence of a major drought, the fortunes of the poorest improved, but
 not enough to keep them from poverty. The study concludes by asking how
 current policies affect patterns of poverty and inequality and what might
 be done to improve welfare in South Wollo. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 200-225 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405287 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405287  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:200-225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Adato 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adato 
Author-Name: Michael Carter 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter 
Author-Name: Julian May 
Author-X-Name-First: Julian 
Author-X-Name-Last: May 
Title: Exploring poverty traps and social exclusion in South Africa using qualitative and quantitative data 
Abstract:
  Recent theoretical work hypothesises that a polarised society like South
 Africa will suffer a legacy of ineffective social capital and blocked
 pathways of upward mobility that leaves large numbers of people trapped in
 poverty. To explore these ideas, this paper employs a mix of quantitative
 and qualitative methods. Novel econometric analysis of asset dynamics over
 the 1993-98 period identifies a dynamic asset poverty threshold that
 signals that large numbers of South Africans are indeed trapped without a
 pathway out of poverty. Qualitative analysis of this period and the period
 1998-2001 more deeply examines patterns of mobility, and confirms the
 continuation of this pattern of limited upward mobility and a low-level
 poverty trap. In addition, the qualitative data permit a closer look at
 the specific role played by social relationships. While finding ample
 evidence of active social capital and networks, these are more helpful for
 non-poor households. For the poor, social capital at best helps stabilise
 livelihoods at low levels and does little to promote upward mobility.
 While there is thus some economic sense to sociability in South Africa,
 elimination of the polarised economic legacy of apartheid will ultimately
 require more proactive efforts to assure that households have access to a
 minimum bundle of assets and to the markets needed to effectively build on
 those assets over time. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 226-247 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405345 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405345  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:226-247




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Author-Name: Paswel Phiri Marenya 
Author-X-Name-First: Paswel Phiri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marenya 
Author-Name: John Mcpeak 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcpeak 
Author-Name: Bart Minten 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten 
Author-Name: Festus Murithi 
Author-X-Name-First: Festus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murithi 
Author-Name: Willis Oluoch-Kosura 
Author-X-Name-First: Willis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oluoch-Kosura 
Author-Name: Frank Place 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Place 
Author-Name: Jean Claude Randrianarisoa 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean Claude 
Author-X-Name-Last: Randrianarisoa 
Author-Name: Jhon Rasambainarivo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jhon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rasambainarivo 
Author-Name: Justine Wangila 
Author-X-Name-First: Justine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wangila 
Title: Welfare dynamics in rural Kenya and Madagascar 
Abstract:
  This paper presents comparative qualitative and quantitative evidence
 from rural Kenya and Madagascar in an attempt to untangle the causality
 behind persistent poverty. We find striking differences in welfare
 dynamics depending on whether one uses total income, including stochastic
 terms and inevitable measurement error, or the predictable, structural
 component of income based on a household's asset holdings. Our results
 suggest the existence of multiple dynamic asset and structural income
 equilibria, consistent with the poverty traps hypothesis. Furthermore, we
 find supporting evidence of locally increasing returns to assets and of
 risk management behaviour consistent with poor households' defence of a
 critical asset threshold through asset smoothing. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 248-277 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405394 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405394  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:248-277




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Whitehead 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitehead 
Title: Persistent poverty in North East Ghana 
Abstract:
  This paper explores local poverty and wealth inequality in the Upper East
 Region of northern Ghana in the period from 1975-89. Land was not scarce
 and the social management of household membership and household labour
 were critical to household security, but this social management was not
 independent of wealth status. There was a virtuous circle between wealth
 and household labour supply and a vicious circle between poverty and small
 household size. Poverty traps existed so that those with too little labour
 and too little wealth engaged in strategies which entrenched them in
 poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 278-300 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405410 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405410  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:278-300




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Title: Shocks and their consequences across and within households in Rural Zimbabwe 
Abstract:
  Increasing attention is now being paid to poverty dynamics in developing
 countries. This work links the extent to which households smooth
 consumption or smooth assets given income shocks, the empirical evidence
 on the churning of households in and out of poverty, and the possibility
 that temporary shocks can have permanent consequences. Using longitudinal
 data from rural Zimbabwe, this paper extends the discussion of these
 issues by disaggregating the impact of shocks by levels of asset holdings,
 by disaggregating the impact of shocks on individual level welfare and by
 assessing the extent to which such shocks have permanent consequences. By
 doing so, it assesses the validity of distinguishing between asset and
 consumption smoothing and provides insights into whether poverty dynamics
 assessed at the household level provide an adequate picture of dynamics at
 the individual level. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 301-321 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405501 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405501  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:301-321




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pauline Peters 
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peters 
Title: Rural income and poverty in a time of radical change in Malawi 
Abstract:
  Malawi is one of the poorest countries in Africa. There is widespread,
 though not universal, agreement about the shape of poverty in the country
 and the policy challenge this sets. Agriculture continues to be the most
 obvious means to stimulate broad-based rural growth and to provide levels
 of food security and income needed for the majority rural population. A
 longitudinal study over a decade during which radical policy and political
 changes occurred provides the data and basis for discussing the
 appropriate policy directions for reducing poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 322-345 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405568 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405568  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:322-345




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna 
Author-Name: Daniel Lumonya 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lumonya 
Author-Name: Milissa Markiewicz 
Author-X-Name-First: Milissa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Markiewicz 
Author-Name: Firminus Mugumya 
Author-X-Name-First: Firminus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mugumya 
Author-Name: Agatha Kafuko 
Author-X-Name-First: Agatha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kafuko 
Author-Name: Jonah Wegoye 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wegoye 
Title: Escaping poverty and becoming poor in 36 villages of Central and Western Uganda 
Abstract:
  Twenty-four per cent of households in 36 village communities of Central
 and Western Uganda have escaped from poverty over the past 25 years, but
 another 15 per cent have simultaneously fallen into poverty. A roughly
 equal number of households escaped from poverty in the first period (ten
 to 25 years ago) as in the second period (the last ten years) examined
 here. However, almost twice as many households fell into poverty during
 the second period as in the first period. Progress in poverty reduction
 has slowed down as a result. Multiple causes are associated with descent
 into poverty and these causes vary significantly between villages in the
 two different regions. For nearly two-thirds of all households in both
 regions, however, ill health and health-related costs were a principal
 reason for descent into poverty. Escaping poverty is also associated with
 diverse causes, which vary across the two regions. Compared to increases
 in urban employment, however, land-related reasons have been more
 important for escaping poverty in both regions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 346-370 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380500405634 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380500405634  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:2:p:346-370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rimjhim Aggarwal 
Author-X-Name-First: Rimjhim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aggarwal 
Author-Name: Jeffrey Rous 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rous 
Title: Awareness and quality of knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among women in India 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the determinants of women's knowledge regarding
 HIV/AIDS using data from a nationally representative survey in India.
 Although around 45 per cent of sample women had heard about the disease,
 their knowledge regarding its modes of transmission and prevention is
 found to be limited. To explore the possibility that there may be a
 different process that determines awareness as opposed to quality of
 knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS, a negative binomial hurdle model and a
 two-stage ordered probit model are estimated. The results show that the
 effect of several covariates, such as education and mass media, on
 awareness is different from their effect on quality of knowledge. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 371-401 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576144 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576144  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:3:p:371-401




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron Schneider 
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider 
Title: Responding to fiscal stress: Fiscal institutions and fiscal adjustment in four Brazilian states 
Abstract:
  Despite similar external shocks and pressures, Brazilian state leaders
 varied in the timing and the manner in which they adjusted to fiscal
 stress. Some state leaders rapidly switched to market-oriented strategies
 that cut public intervention in the economy. Other state leaders delayed
 adjustment, and when they finally put their accounts in order it was
 through market-governing strategies that preserved government activism. In
 part, these different fiscal policy regimes were products of the
 decision-making process in which chief executives operated. In states
 where budgeting obeyed a more open and democratic pattern, chief
 executives lacked autonomy and were forced to build coalitions to adjust.
 This meant that they adjusted more slowly and their adjustment strategies
 included appeals to broad interests, including those seeking protection
 from market pressures. In states where budgeting was more autocratic,
 chief executives could act quickly and without building a coalition. The
 current project uses structured comparison to contrast adjustment patterns
 in two democratic-budgeting states and two autocratic-budgeting states.
 The link between budget institutions and adjustment strategy appears to
 hold regardless of the socioeconomic condition of the states and the
 political hue of the state leaders. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 402-425 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576169 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576169  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:3:p:402-425




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bhim Adhikari 
Author-X-Name-First: Bhim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adhikari 
Author-Name: Jon Lovett 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lovett 
Title: Institutions and collective action: Does heterogeneity matter in community-based resource management? 
Abstract:
  This article examines the relationship between local level heterogeneity
 and the likelihood of successful collective action in community-based
 forest management in Nepal. Economic and social heterogeneity are
 discussed and their effects on local level collective action considered.
 The study develops simple measures of inequality for key variables, and
 shows that there is no clear-cut impact of group heterogeneity on
 collective action. Forest user groups can create institutions for resource
 management according to their local context in order to avoid management
 problems created by inequalities among resource users. Perhaps the most
 important result is that the effects of heterogeneity can be highly
 variable, and the recommendation is that systems of governance need to be
 flexible to allow adaptation of management regimes to local conditions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 426-445 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576201  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:3:p:426-445




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sutti Ortiz 
Author-X-Name-First: Sutti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortiz 
Author-Name: Susana Aparicio 
Author-X-Name-First: Susana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aparicio 
Title: Management response to the demands of global fresh fruit markets: Rewarding harvesters with financial incentives 
Abstract:
  Competition in global fresh fruit markets is now much more intense than a
 decade ago. Producers and exporters face an increasing number of quality
 requirements and regulations that are costly and challenge established
 practices: paying harvesters by the amount they harvest and trying to
 control quality with sanctions. Based on a field study, this article
 discusses how lemon producers in northern Argentina are responding to
 these challenges; why some have responded only by introducing
 non-contractual innovations, while others by rewarding harvesters for
 careful performance to insure fruit quality. The findings elucidate
 arguments about the instrumentality of transaction costs on the choice of
 both managerial practices and forms of remunerating labourers. It also
 illustrates that added quality demands of foreign markets eased the task
 of harvesters, but had a varying effect on labourers' income. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 446-468 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576243 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576243  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:3:p:446-468




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Anderson 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson 
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Title: A statistical approach to identifying poorly performing countries 
Abstract:
  This paper asks whether it is possible to identify, using purely
 statistical criteria on widely available quantitative data, a set of
 developing countries that can be classified as poor performers. We
 restrict attention to two performance indicators, economic growth and
 infant mortality, over two periods 1980-90 and 1990-2000, and use four
 different statistical criteria to identify poor performance. The main
 finding is that very few countries consistently appear as poor performers:
 those that perform poorly on one indicator, or in one period, typically do
 not perform poorly on/in the other. A similar result is obtained in the
 context of identifying, on statistical grounds, good performers. The
 research cautions against labelling countries as poor performers without
 careful qualification. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 469-489 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576375 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576375  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramesh Chandra 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramesh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chandra 
Title: Currie's 'leading sector' strategy of growth: an appraisal 
Abstract:
  This paper offers a new interpretation of Lauchlin Currie's (1974)
 leading-sector strategy. The idea of a leading sector normally conjures up
 notions of a favoured or privileged treatment. This paper argues that
 Currie's leading-sector strategy is a misnomer in the sense that it does
 not call for any favoured treatment to the chosen sectors (such as urban
 housing or exports), but only removal of handicaps or institutional
 barriers. The paper also shows that Currie's strategy is different from
 Rosenstein-Rodan's (1943, 1961) big push, to which it is often compared.
 While Rosenstein-Rodan advocated centralised investment planning to
 maximise the size and to optimise the composition of investment, Currie's
 leading sectors were based on the Smith (1776)- Young (1928) pro-market
 framework. Finally, while the policy conclusions of Currie's approach and
 the current development thinking are similar in many ways, the underlying
 theoretical framework is very different. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 490-508 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576391 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576391  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:3:p:490-508




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kwabena Gyimah-Brempong 
Author-X-Name-First: Kwabena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gyimah-Brempong 
Author-Name: Oliver Paddison 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paddison 
Author-Name: Workie Mitiku 
Author-X-Name-First: Workie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitiku 
Title: Higher education and economic growth in Africa 
Abstract:
  This paper uses panel data over the 1960-2000 period, a modified
 neoclassical growth equation, and a dynamic panel estimator to investigate
 the effect of higher education human capital on economic growth in African
 countries. We find that all levels of education human capital, including
 higher education human capital, have positive and statistically
 significant effect on the growth rate of per capita income in African
 counties. Our result differs from those of earlier research that find no
 significant relationship between higher education human capital and income
 growth. We estimate the growth elasticity of higher education human
 capital to be about 0.09, an estimate that is twice as large as the growth
 impact of physical capital investment. While this is likely to be an
 overestimate of the growth impact of higher education, it is robust to
 different specifications and points to the need for African countries to
 effectively use higher education human capital in growth policies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 509-529 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600576490 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600576490  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khandakar Qudrat-I Elahi 
Author-X-Name-First: Khandakar Qudrat-I 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elahi 
Title: Entitlement failure and deprivation: a critique of Sen's famine philosophy 
Abstract:
  This paper insinuates the conceptual foundation of Sen's entitlement
 approach by pinpointing its major weaknesses. First, Sen's critique of FAD
 is inadequate because speculative, not actual, supply and demand forces
 determine short-run commodity prices. Second, Sen's idea of 'exchange
 entitlement' is inconsistent with the principles of capitalism, since this
 economic system operates on the conceptual and legal framework of
 voluntary exchange. Third, if food is considered as an entitled commodity,
 other basic necessities of life, such as healthcare, education etc. could
 claim the same status. Finally, the approach is founded on a hidden
 hypothesis that income distributions in non-communist states are
 economically and politically optimal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 541-558 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600680771 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600680771  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lokshin 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lokshin 
Author-Name: Nithin Umapathi 
Author-X-Name-First: Nithin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Umapathi 
Author-Name: Stefano Paternostro 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paternostro 
Title: Robustness of subjective welfare analysis in a poor developing country: Madagascar 2001 
Abstract:
  We analyse the subjective perceptions of poverty in Madagascar in 2001
 and their relationship to objective poverty indicators. We base our
 analysis on survey responses to a series of subjective perception
 questions. We extend the existing empirical methodology for estimating
 subjective poverty lines on the basis of categorical consumption adequacy
 questions. Based on this methodology, we calculate the household-specific,
 subjective poverty lines. We are able to compare between the results of
 subjective poverty analysis using several types of subjective welfare
 questions. Our results show that the aggregate poverty measures derived
 from consumption adequacy questions accord quite well with the poverty
 measures based on objective poverty lines. We demonstrate that the
 subjective welfare analysis can be used in poor developing countries for
 evaluating socio-economic and distributional impacts of various policy
 interventions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 559-591 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600680946 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600680946  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:4:p:559-591




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Devereux 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Devereux 
Author-Name: Kay Sharp 
Author-X-Name-First: Kay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp 
Title: Trends in poverty and destitution in Wollo, Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  According to several studies, poverty in rural Ethiopia has fallen
 significantly since the early 1990s, thanks to improved governance and
 economic liberalisation policies. This paper presents several arguments
 that challenge this view. The first questions the methodological
 foundations of the data from which these positive trends are derived: we
 argue that the original sampling frame was too small and unrepresentative
 to provide a basis for extrapolating national poverty levels or trends.
 The second argument questions the conceptual underpinnings of these
 studies: poverty estimates based on levels of current consumption fail to
 allow for non-income dimensions of wellbeing, nor for confounding factors
 such as seasonality, annual rainfall and food aid receipts. The third
 strand considers alternative sources of data on changes in wellbeing in
 Ethiopia: recent qualitative studies report that the poor perceive
 themselves as poorer and more vulnerable than poverty headcount figures
 suggest. Finally, we report findings from our own survey in chronically
 poor and historically famine-prone Wollo. First, a significant proportion
 of households in the study area are destitute&#xa0;-&#xa0;destitution
 being defined as inability to meet basic needs, lack of key productive
 assets, and dependence on transfers. Secondly, the numbers of destitute
 people, and of people vulnerable to becoming destitute, have increased
 over the past ten years. Thirdly, the crisis of livelihoods underlying
 this trend is affecting entire communities&#xa0;-&#xa0;the dominant
 pattern is an aggregate downward shift, rather than
 stratification&#xa0;-&#xa0;and the decline of wealthier households is
 exacerbating the vulnerability of the poorest. These findings cast serious
 doubts on generalisations about poverty trends in Ethiopia. At the very
 least, national-level data need to be disaggregated: improving national
 trends may conceal pockets of entrenched poverty and a deepening
 livelihoods crisis in parts of rural Ethiopia. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 592-610 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600681910 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600681910  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abigail Barr 
Author-X-Name-First: Abigail 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barr 
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Title: A client-community assessment of the NGO sector in Uganda 
Abstract:
  Using original data from client-community assessments, we examine
 motivations in the Ugandan NGO sector. In general, client-community
 satisfaction with NGO interventions is high, even though some NGO staff
 are viewed as unresponsive, underskilled, or self-serving. We find
 evidence that NGOs endeavour to redress the balance between rich and poor,
 although more remote communities suffer neglect, possibly for cost
 reasons. NGOs are less inclined to maintain a permanent presence in more
 remote and poorer client-communities, which impacts negatively on their
 assessment scores. We also find evidence that NGOs too often operate in
 the same location, resulting in some duplication of effort. Finally,
 results indicate that community participation enhances satisfaction. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 611-639 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600682009 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600682009  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:4:p:611-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kausik Chaudhuri 
Author-X-Name-First: Kausik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhuri 
Author-Name: Sugato Dasgupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Sugato 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta 
Title: The political determinants of fiscal policies in the states of India: An empirical investigation 
Abstract:
  Using data from the 14 major states of India, we investigate whether
 state governments' fiscal policy choices are tempered by political
 considerations. Our principal findings are twofold. First, we show that
 certain fiscal policies experience electoral cycles: state governments
 raise less commodity tax revenue, spend less on the current account, and
 incur larger capital account developmental expenditures in election years
 than in all other years. Second, we show that coalition state governments
 raise less own non-tax revenues and spend less on the current account than
 state governments that are more cohesive in composition. In sum, the
 dispersion of political power affects government size. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 640-661 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600682116 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600682116  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Bennett 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett 
Author-Name: Stephen Morse 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morse 
Author-Name: Yousouf Ismael 
Author-X-Name-First: Yousouf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ismael 
Title: The economic impact of genetically modified cotton on South African smallholders: Yield, profit and health effects 
Abstract:
  Results of a large-scale survey of resource-poor smallholder cotton
 farmers in South Africa over three years conclusively show that adopters
 of Bt cotton have benefited in terms of higher yields, lower pesticide
 use, less labour for pesticide application and substantially higher gross
 margins per hectare. These benefits were clearly related to the
 technology, and not to preferential adoption by farmers who were already
 highly efficient. The smallest producers are shown to have benefited from
 adoption of the Bt variety as much as, if not more than, larger producers.
 Moreover, evidence from hospital records suggests a link between declining
 pesticide poisonings and adoption of the Bt variety. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 662-677 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600682215 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600682215  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anabel Marin 
Author-X-Name-First: Anabel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marin 
Author-Name: Martin Bell 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bell 
Title: Technology spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): the active role of MNC subsidiaries in Argentina in the 1990s 
Abstract:
  The usual perspective on technology spillovers from FDI sees the MNC
 subsidiary as a passive actor. It presumes that the technological
 superiority that spreads from subsidiaries to other firms in the host
 economy is initially created outside it by MNC parent companies, and is
 delivered to subsidiaries via international technology transfer. The role
 of subsidiaries is little more than to act as a 'leaky container' lying
 between the technology transfer pipeline and the absorption of spillovers
 by domestic firms. This paper suggests a different model in which a
 substantial part of the potential for spillover is created within local
 subsidiaries as a result of their own knowledge-creating and accumulating
 activities in the host economy. We explore empirically the effects of
 these activities on technology spillovers from FDI using data for
 industrial firms in Argentina over the period 1992-96. The analysis
 suggests that significant results can be obtained incorporating
 subsidiaries' own technological activities as an explanatory variable of
 the spillover process. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 678-697 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600682298 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600682298  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:4:p:678-697




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Benavides 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benavides 
Author-Name: P. N. Snowden 
Author-X-Name-First: P. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Snowden 
Title: Futures for farmers: Hedging participation and the Mexican corn scheme 
Abstract:
  Administered commodity price schemes in developing countries have proved
 ineffective in raising farmers' incomes, and price stabilisation through
 futures markets is increasingly advocated as the alternative policy
 objective. A potential difficulty is that farmers tend not to hedge
 extensively, even in developed countries where access to futures markets
 is long established. Explanations for this reluctance are examined here
 with context provided by the Mexican hedging programme, which incorporates
 financial incentives to spur adoption. Applying representative data for
 corn to a well-known analysis of the hedging decision suggests that
 limited participation may reflect rational calculation rather than farmer
 'inertia'. A policy implication is that permanent access subsidies are
 difficult to justify from the national perspective. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 698-712 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600682330 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600682330  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katsuhiko Masaki 
Author-X-Name-First: Katsuhiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Masaki 
Title: The oppression/emancipation nexus in ongoing power struggles: Village&#x2014;Power dynamics in Western Nepal 
Abstract:
  How can we gain a more nuanced understanding of power struggles than is
 assumed under the 'power as domination' perception that attributes power
 to dominant actors who exercise control over others, and thus dichotomises
 domination and emancipation? This article addresses this question by
 exploring the power dynamics underlying 'participatory' public works in a
 village in western Nepal. Drawing on an alternative analytical framework
 that brings together Giddens' 'structuration' perspective and the
 Foucauldian notion of power, the case study illustrates that dominance and
 resistance are interwoven in day-to-day social interactions, and that the
 existing social order is continually being readjusted. The article
 concludes by discussing this study's implications for proponents of
 empowerment, namely the need to ascertain the emancipatory potentials that
 are immanent in daily power contestation, and then to develop strategies
 that compensate for the limitations of everyday struggles. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 721-738 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600741847 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600741847  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gero Carletto 
Author-X-Name-First: Gero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carletto 
Author-Name: Alberto Zezza 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zezza 
Title: Being poor, feeling poorer: Combining objective and subjective measures of welfare in Albania 
Abstract:
  In this paper we investigate how combining objective and subjective
 measures of welfare can enrich traditional poverty profiles by exploring
 the relationship between these welfare measures, and examining what
 explains the differences between the two. One important finding of our
 analysis (using data for Albania) is that reconciling subjective and
 objective poverty profiles suggests the presence of sizable economies of
 scale. This result calls for increased attention to the proper estimation
 of a scale parameter for poverty analysis, as changes in assumptions on
 economies of size and adult equivalence scales are likely to produce
 significant changes in the analysis of poverty and its distribution across
 households and individuals. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 739-760 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600741896 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600741896  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shyamal Chowdhury 
Author-X-Name-First: Shyamal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury 
Author-Name: Lyn Squire 
Author-X-Name-First: Lyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Squire 
Title: Setting weights for aggregate indices: An application to the commitment to development index and human development index 
Abstract:
  Aggregate indices like UNDP's Human Development Index (HDI) or the Centre
 for Global Development and Foreign Policy's Commitment to Development
 Index (CDI) are subject to multiple criticisms. This paper addresses
 concerns linked to the equal weights used in the HDI and the CDI and
 evaluates alternative weighting schemes. It relies on an opinion survey
 conducted electronically among researchers from 60 countries to assess
 whether or not professional judgment affects the use of equal weights.
 Results of the opinion survey point to a surprising result for the HDI:
 despite widespread criticism of equal weights, a simple scheme based on
 equal weights is not only convenient but also consistent with the views of
 experts. For some components of the CDI, however, weights derived from the
 survey do differ from equal weights. Nevertheless, the weights emerging
 from the survey are not sufficiently different from equal weights to
 significantly alter country rankings. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 761-771 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600741904 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600741904  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:5:p:761-771




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Barnebeck Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Barnebeck 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Author-Name: Henrik Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Thomas Markussen 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Markussen 
Title: US politics and World Bank IDA-lending 
Abstract:
  This paper studies the role of US political factors in the allocation of
 World Bank concessional lending, where US political interests are proxied
 by voting similarity in the United Nations General Assembly on issues
 identified as important by the US Department of State. In contrast to
 previous studies we find that the US exerted a significant influence on
 IDA lending during the period 1993-2000. We demonstrate that the influence
 was both statistically as well as economically significant. Finally, we
 demonstrate that our result is robust with respect to the omission of the
 IDA Country Performance Rating index. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 772-794 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600741946 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600741946  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:5:p:772-794




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Mikael Sandberg 
Author-X-Name-First: H. Mikael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandberg 
Author-Name: James Seale 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seale 
Author-Name: Timothy Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: History, regionalism, and CARICOM trade: A gravity model analysis 
Abstract:
  A gravity model is fitted to 17 annual cross sections, 1980-1996, of
 bilateral trade data (imports and exports) between CARICOM member states
 and selected trading partners. Specifically, the paper investigates the
 effects of regional integration, colonial legacies and linguistic ties on
 CARICOM bilateral trade flows between member states and between member
 states and North American and European Union countries. The empirical
 results indicate that history and regionalism have had significant and
 strong effects on CARICOM trade. Additionally, two traditional explanatory
 variables in gravity models, income per capita and population, have
 significant and positive effects on CARICOM trade while the distance
 between trading partners exerts the expected negative effect. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 795-811 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600741995 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600741995  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Taye Mengistae 
Author-X-Name-First: Taye 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mengistae 
Title: Competition and entrepreneurs' human capital in small business longevity and growth 
Abstract:
  An analysis of data on a sample of small-scale manufacturers shows that a
 business is less likely to survive and grows slower the smaller the
 average price-cost margin in the industry in which it operates. The
 probability of survival is also smaller in import competing industries. So
 is the mean growth rate among survivors. We interpret this as evidence
 that small businesses are less likely to survive and grow slower in
 industries where the pressure of competition is stronger. Given
 competitive pressure and establishment characteristics, the probability of
 business survival and the expected growth rate conditional on survival
 both increase with entrepreneurial human capital. This is in the sense
 that the probability of business survival increases with the number of
 years of schooling and the number of years of business experience of the
 entrepreneur as does the expected growth rate conditional on survival.
 These results are consistent with another finding that unobservable
 influences on business hazard are correlated with those on growth. As a
 result, the effect of competition and entrepreneurial human capital on the
 growth of survivors would be biased for the effect of the same variables
 on the expected growth rate of a startup. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 812-836 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600742050 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600742050  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:42:y:2006:i:5:p:812-836




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Reza Arabsheibani 
Author-X-Name-First: G. Reza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arabsheibani 
Author-Name: Francisco Galrao Carneiro 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Galrao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carneiro 
Author-Name: Andrew Henley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henley 
Title: Changes in human capital and earnings inequality: Recent evidence from Brazil 
Abstract:
  This paper estimates changes in the rates of return to human capital
 across the earnings distribution using data from over a 10-year period for
 Brazil. It uses these estimates to simulate the separate impacts of
 changes in returns to skills and changes in the supply of skills on
 earnings inequality. Evidence points strongly to growing inequality in
 rates of return to education in Brazil. This finding suggests that recent
 macroeconomic and trade reforms have been of most benefit to the skilled
 rather than the unskilled. Supporting evidence points to an improved
 competitiveness in the labour market, with workers increasingly rewarded
 for productivity. However, although increases in returns to education are
 more pronounced at the top of the earnings distribution, this did not in
 practice led to increased inequality. This is because levels of education
 and other labour market-rewarded endowments have increased and offset the
 rate of return effect. Appropriate education policy is therefore an
 essential partner for macroeconomic and trade reform if a developing
 economy is to avoid worsening income inequality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 837-867 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600742084 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600742084  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marrit Van Den Berg 
Author-X-Name-First: Marrit Van Den 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg 
Author-Name: Ruerd Ruben 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruerd 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruben 
Title: Small-Scale irrigation and income distribution in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  Irrigation stimulates agricultural productivity and economic growth, but
 this may come at the cost of growing inequality. Using data at community
 and household level, this paper analyzes the distributional impacts of
 irrigation in Ethiopia. Regression analyses reveal the direct effects of
 irrigation on expenditures and labour demand, and the indirect effects of
 irrigation on food prices and expenditures of non-irrigation households.
 The results indicate that past development of irrigation stimulated growth
 without deepening inequality, and that irrigation decreased dependence on
 food-for-work programs. Thus, irrigation has played a positive role in the
 development of Ethiopia. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 868-880 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600742142 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600742142  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yisheng Bu 
Author-X-Name-First: Yisheng 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bu 
Title: Fixed capital stock depreciation in developing countries: Some evidence from firm level data 
Abstract:
  Previous growth accounting studies suggest severe capital
 underutilisation and mismeasurement of the stocks of capital in some
 developing countries. Using the firm level data sets from the World Bank
 surveys, this paper estimates the economic depreciation rates of fixed
 capital stocks in the manufacturing industries of seven developing
 countries. The findings indicate that the stocks of fixed capital may
 depreciate at higher rates in these countries, as compared with the normal
 rates usually assumed for advanced industrial countries. This study also
 discusses the economic and social forces that may influence the incentive
 to maintain capital appropriately and the implications of high
 depreciation for the total factor productivity (TFP) growth estimates and
 volatility of capital accumulation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 881-901 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600742183 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600742183  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joao Ricardo Faria 
Author-X-Name-First: Joao Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faria 
Author-Name: Miguel Leon-Ledesma 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leon-Ledesma 
Author-Name: Adolfo Sachsida 
Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sachsida 
Title: Population and income: Is there a puzzle? 
Abstract:
  This note presents wide evidence on the relationship between population
 and income for 125 countries for which data was available for the period
 1950-2000. The main result is that there is a weak but negative
 relationship between population growth and per capita GDP, as income
 increases population expands at a slower rate. This relationship appears
 to be stronger for African countries and for Asian countries before 1970. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 909-917 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600771745 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600771745  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Cole 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole 
Author-Name: Eric Neumayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neumayer 
Title: The impact of poor health on total factor productivity 
Abstract:
  A number of recent studies have illustrated the link between health and
 economic growth. This paper argues that a key mechanism through which
 health affects growth is via total factor productivity (TFP). We first
 estimate TFP based on a production function and then estimate the
 determinants of TFP, paying particular attention to three indicators of
 health that are particularly problematic in developing regions:
 malnutrition, malaria and water borne diseases. We find the impact of poor
 health on TFP to be negative, significant, and robust across a wide
 variety of specifications. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 918-938 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600774681 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600774681  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meltem Dayio&#x11f;lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Meltem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dayio&#x11f;lu 
Title: The impact of household income on child labour in urban Turkey 
Abstract:
  The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of child labour
 in urban Turkey with a special reference to low household income or
 poverty as one of its root causes. Studies done elsewhere have produced
 mixed results which necessitate the relationship to be studied at
 country-level. The data from urban Turkey indicate that children from
 poorer families stand at a higher risk of employment. This finding is
 confirmed using various measures of household material well-being.
 Simulation results have further pointed out that current interventions are
 not likely to produce a sizeable impact on the child labour problem. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 939-956 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600774723 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600774723  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joan Muysken 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muysken 
Author-Name: Samia Nour 
Author-X-Name-First: Samia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nour 
Title: Deficiencies in education and poor prospects for economic growth in the Gulf countries: The case of the UAE 
Abstract:
  Our paper shows that the deficient educational system and the large share
 of unskilled foreign workers in the Gulf countries are serious impediments
 to a successful implementation of the strategies of these countries to
 reduce their dependence on foreign technologies and to restructure their
 economies in order to make them less dependent on oil exports. A novel
 element in our analysis is that we emphasise the role of the deficient
 educational system as an important problem, next to the well-documented
 quandary of a high incidence of unskilled foreign workers in the
 workforce. We use new survey data, both at an establishment level and
 economy-wide, to provide evidence on how the poor educational facilities
 lead to a poor provision of training, low skill levels, serious skills
 mismatch and deficient transfer of knowledge. These inadequate facilities
 and the lack of incentives to improve them also lead to low R&D efforts to
 promote local technologies and hamper a restructuring of the economy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 957-980 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600774756 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600774756  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Suma Athreye 
Author-X-Name-First: Suma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Athreye 
Author-Name: Sandeep Kapur 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandeep 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kapur 
Title: Industrial concentration in a liberalising economy: A study of Indian manufacturing 
Abstract:
  This paper studies industrial concentration in Indian manufacturing
 sectors over the period 1970 to 1999. Given that Indian industry was
 highly regulated till the mid 1980s, the market structure in most
 manufacturing sectors was largely shaped by government policy.
 Deregulation after 1985 allowed greater scope for normal competitive
 processes, so that concentration levels should progressively be determined
 by industry characteristics rather than government policy. We find that,
 on the whole, concentration levels were indeed more significantly related
 to industry characteristics after deregulation. However, even after
 controlling for these characteristics, there is considerable heterogeneity
 in the patterns of concentration in individual industries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 981-999 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600774764 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600774764  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Baddeley 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baddeley 
Author-Name: Kirsty McNay 
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsty 
Author-X-Name-Last: McNay 
Author-Name: Robert Cassen 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassen 
Title: Divergence in India: Income differentials at the state level, 1970-97 
Abstract:
  We examine India's regional disparities in economic performance between
 1970-97. Our preliminary analysis shows that, in absolute terms, initially
 poorer states grew at slower rates than initially wealthier ones and that
 there is also evidence of increasing dispersion of income levels across
 the states. Our econometric analysis investigates the possibility of club
 convergence and conditional convergence. Although we do not find evidence
 of the former, we can suggest some of the factors associated in the
 latter. Our research also indicates that the onset of economic policy
 reform in 1991 significantly intensified growth differentials between the
 states. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1000-1022 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600774814 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600774814  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandeep Mohapatra 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandeep 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohapatra 
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Author-Name: Jikun Huang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jikun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang 
Title: Climbing the development ladder: Economic development and the evolution of occupations in rural China 
Abstract:
  We study how occupations evolve across space and time during the
 development of an economy. Using a data set on more than 200 villages from
 8 provinces in China, we examine the main occupations that have
 characterised China's labour markets since the economic reforms. Our
 findings reveal a systematic evolutionary pattern of occupational
 emergence: the evolution of occupations proceeds from traditional and
 fairly simple forms of subsistence agriculture to modern, more complex
 manufacturing and service firms. Our findings suggest that rural
 development in China is being built by a process that can be described by
 the climbing of a development ladder with each step up the ladder denoting
 the economy's transition into a more complex occupational regime. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1023-1055 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600774988 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600774988  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Foster 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster 
Title: Exports, growth and threshold effects in Africa 
Abstract:
  The relationship between openness and growth remains a controversial
 issue in development economics with many studies focusing on the
 export-growth relationship. This paper examines whether the relationship
 between exports and growth found in large cross-section studies also holds
 in the context of African economies. The paper employs threshold
 regression techniques to examine whether African countries benefit more
 from exports when they reach a certain level of development or openness.
 Our results suggest that there is indeed a positive relationship between
 exports and growth in Africa. The threshold regression analysis also
 suggests that it is not necessary for a country to reach a certain level
 of development or to have an existing export base for this relationship to
 hold, though it is found that the relationship is stronger for countries
 that experience higher rates of export growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1056-1074 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600775027 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600775027  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Hulme 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hulme 
Author-Name: John Toye 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toye 
Title: The case for cross-disciplinary social science research on poverty, inequality and well-being 
Abstract:
  Arguments for cross-disciplinary research in development studies have
 been applied recently to work on poverty, inequality and well-being.
 However, much research on these issues remains fragmented and, in
 particular, the intellectual barrier between economics and the other
 social science subjects continues to be powerful. In this paper, we review
 the prospects for cross-disciplinary research (both multidisciplinary and
 interdisciplinary); and, examine the ways in which forms of being
 'disciplined', and the linkages between disciplines and professions,
 constrains such research. We also introduce the papers in this collection
 and explain their relationship to the quest for cross-disciplinary
 research on poverty issues. Our conclusion is that cross-discipline
 working should be promoted and that both interdisciplinary and
 multidisciplinary approaches can benefit research on poverty and
 well-being, provided that their specific merits and demerits are evaluated
 in relation to the research task in hand. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1085-1107 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884050 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884050  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maia Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Maia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Green 
Title: Representing poverty and attacking representations: Perspectives on poverty from social anthropology 
Abstract:
  This article considers the potential contribution of social anthropology
 to understanding poverty as both social relation and category of
 international development practice. Despite its association with research
 in communities and countries now considered poor anthropology has remained
 disengaged from the current poverty agenda. This disengagement is partly
 explained by the disciplinary starting point of anthropology which
 explores the processes though which categories come to have salience. It
 is accentuated by the relationship of anthropology as a discipline to the
 development policy and the research commissioned to support it. An
 anthropological perspective on poverty and inequality can shed light on
 the ways in which particular social categories come to be situated as
 poor. It can also reveal the social processes through which poverty as
 policy objective becomes institutionalised in development practice and in
 the social institutions established to monitor, assess and address it. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1108-1129 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884068 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884068  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wendy Olsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsen 
Title: Pluralism, poverty and sharecropping: Cultivating open-mindedness in development studies 
Abstract:
  Pluralism adds depth to the mixing of methods in development studies.
 Global society has both structure and complexity, and agents within
 society actively promote competing ways of describing and interpreting
 that society. Theoretical pluralism offers a way for social scientists to
 describe and judge the competing theories about a given social situation.
 (Methodological pluralism is also discussed in this paper.) An
 example&#xa0;-&#xa0;tenancy in India&#xa0;-&#xa0;is explored to illustrate
 how pluralists compare theories. The tenancy literature includes
 neoclassical, institutionalist, and Marxist theories. These cut across
 three academic disciplines. Pluralist research is often interdisciplinary
 in such ways. Such interdisciplinary research generates a dialogue across
 epistemological chasms and across theories that have different underlying
 assumptions. Pluralist research can be valued for its discursive bridging
 function. Pluralist research can also contribute to improvements in
 scientific measurement. Divergent schools of thought can be brought into
 contact by reconceptualising the objects of research, such as contracts or
 coercion. In the tenancy literature, alternative ways of measuring and
 interpreting power arose. Structuralist approaches tended to assume
 poverty and inequality as part of the context within which economic action
 takes place. Strengths and weaknesses of such assumptions are examined.
 The approach recommended here, which is realist, makes possible an
 improved dialogue about policy changes aimed at poverty reduction. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1130-1157 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884076 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884076  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jocelyn Dejong 
Author-X-Name-First: Jocelyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dejong 
Title: Capabilities, reproductive health and well-being 
Abstract:
  Lack of reproductive health (or the health consequences of sexuality and
 reproduction) constitutes a significant deficiency in well-being in
 developing countries, yet the field is often marginalised within
 development studies. This paper explores whether applying Amartya Sen's
 capabilities framework to reproductive health may provide one means of
 bridging this gap. It asks whether it has advantages over prevailing
 approaches based on disability adjusted life years, which are
 disease-focused, or reproductive rights, which are often perceived as
 being too individualistic. The paper draws on analysis of three
 reproductive health problems, namely obstetric fistulae, maternal
 mortality and female genital mutilation, that occur disproportionately in
 developing countries. It argues that the capabilities approach offers an
 opportunity to address the social bases of health (including deprivation
 and poverty) and one class of societal claims to social justice. However,
 there are barriers to fostering the kind of cross-disciplinarity needed to
 undertake such research, which would combine the more technical
 orientation of economics and epidemiology on the one hand, with the more
 qualitative social sciences on the other. Even where such
 cross-disciplinarity can be achieved, however, there are both
 informational constraints and methodological challenges to illuminate
 health capabilities&#xa0;-&#xa0;as opposed to functionings as measured in
 quantitative surveys&#xa0;-&#xa0;in such a sensitive field. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1158-1179 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884092 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884092  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Title: Development and social capital 
Abstract:
  This paper examines social capital and its relation with economic
 development. We focus on the role that interpersonal relationships play in
 social exchange, whether through the market or through the provision of
 public goods. By facilitating search and trust, social capital can
 increase the efficiency of social exchange where formal institutions are
 weak. But the benefits from social capital are likely to be unequally
 distributed. Given these features, documenting empirically the benefits of
 social capital is complicated by the presence of negative and positive
 externalities and by the existence of leadership and group effects.
 Lessons for development policy are drawn at the end. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1180-1198 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884126 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884126  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geeta Gandhi Kingdon 
Author-X-Name-First: Geeta Gandhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kingdon 
Author-Name: John Knight 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight 
Title: Subjective well-being poverty vs. Income poverty and capabilities poverty? 
Abstract:
  The conventional approach of economists to the measurement of poverty is
 to use measures of income or consumption. This has been challenged by
 those who favour broader criteria, such as fulfilment of 'basic needs' and
 the 'capabilities' to be and to do things of intrinsic worth. This paper
 asks: to what extent are these different concepts measurable, to what
 extent are they competing or complementary, and is it possible for them to
 be accommodated within an encompassing framework? We conclude that it is
 possible to view subjective well-being as an encompassing concept, which
 permits us to quantify the relevance and importance of the other
 approaches and of their component variables. Any attempt to define poverty
 involves a value judgment as to what constitutes a good quality of life or
 a bad one. We argue that an approach which examines the individual's own
 perception of well-being is less imperfect, or more quantifiable, or both,
 as a guide to forming that value judgement than are the other potential
 approaches. The argument is illustrated using a South African household
 survey. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1199-1224 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884167 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884167  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Lawson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawson 
Author-Name: Andy Mckay 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mckay 
Author-Name: John Okidi 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Okidi 
Title: Poverty persistence and transitions in Uganda: A combined qualitative and quantitative analysis 
Abstract:
  Despite Uganda's impressive reduction in income poverty during the 1990s,
 recent evidence has shown there to be substantial mobility into and out of
 poverty. This paper represents one of the first attempts to combine
 qualitative and quantitative information to understand the factors and
 processes underlying poverty transitions and persistence. In some
 instances similar factors are identified by both qualitative and
 quantitative approaches, including lack of key physical assets, high
 dependency ratios and increased household size. In other instances though
 one approach identifies additional factors not so easily identified by the
 other, for example the impacts of excessive alcohol consumption in many
 cases. The paper argues that there is considerable value added in
 combining the two approaches allowing us to provide a much richer
 understanding of many of the processes underlying poverty and poverty
 transitions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1225-1251 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884191 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884191  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francis Teal 
Author-X-Name-First: Francis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teal 
Title: Consumption and welfare in Ghana in the 1990s 
Abstract:
  In this paper two issues, which have been the subject of much
 multidisciplinary research, are investigated. The first is whether
 consumption expenditure can be treated as a measure of welfare. The second
 is whether larger households can be viewed as richer than smaller ones.
 These issues are investigated drawing on data for Ghana covering the
 1990s. It is argued that while household consumption can act as an
 opportunity measure of welfare the use of averages can mislead. The
 problems in assessing how household size affects the measurement of
 welfare are discussed in the context of Ghana's experience of poverty
 reduction. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1252-1269 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600884233 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600884233  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Author-Name: Vishal Jadhav 
Author-X-Name-First: Vishal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jadhav 
Title: The politics and bureaucratics of rural public works: Maharashtra's employment guaranteed scheme 
Abstract:
  The Maharashtra Employment Guarantee Scheme stands out among rural public
 works programmes in developing countries for its size, longevity, the
 generosity of its funding arrangements, and the political sophistication
 of its design. Its mission is highly ambitious: to supply employment
 flexibly and rapidly by opening and closing public works in response to
 local, unpredictable weather variations in a poor agrarian economy. We
 explore the political factors that account for changes in its performance
 over more than 30 years, and identify the political lessons for the design
 of similar programmes elsewhere. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1271-1300 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600930598 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600930598  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Rap 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rap 
Title: The success of a policy model: Irrigation management transfer in Mexico 
Abstract:
  The Mexican policy of Irrigation Management Transfer has been widely
 propagated as a success and has become a model for other countries seeking
 to improve the performance of their irrigation systems while also cutting
 public expenditures. This article analyses the process of policy-making
 that has generated the policy model and follows the practices, means, and
 events through which it has achieved increasing transnational circulation,
 popularity, and support. The main argument of this article is that the
 success of a policy model is only a success within the cultural and
 ideological understandings of a policy network and given the means,
 practices, and events that generate and disseminate it. This particular
 case further suggests that success in policy-making, rather than being
 based on straightforward evidence of improved management performance, is
 often part of a cultural performance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1301-1324 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600930606 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600930606  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Eastwood 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eastwood 
Author-Name: Johann Kirsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Johann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirsten 
Author-Name: Michael Lipton 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton 
Title: Premature deagriculturalisation? Land inequality and rural dependency in Limpopo province, South Africa* 
Abstract:
  Cross-national regressions reveal abnormally low agricultural workforce
 shares, given GNP, in developing countries that had historically
 concentrated land into large capital-intensive farms. We argue that such
 deagriculturalisation was premature, since its concomitant labour shedding
 has undesirable outcomes. In a new South African survey, a large
 proportion of rural households (and working-age persons) was 'dependent',
 relying for income almost wholly on either migrant remittances or
 pensions. A separate group (with less poverty and unemployment) relied
 mainly on local, including own-farm, income. The group was heavily
 over-represented in one of the three regions, where many more households
 had significant land. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1325-1349 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600930614 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600930614  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kamakshya Trivedi 
Author-X-Name-First: Kamakshya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trivedi 
Title: Educational human capital and levels of income: Evidence from states in India, 1965&#xa0;-&#xa0;92 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the long-run (steady-state) relationship between
 levels of educational human capital and levels of income for the 15 major
 states of India between 1965 and 1992. The relationship is estimated using
 the Pooled Mean Groups (PMG) technique; which produces common long-run
 coefficients but allows heterogeneity of the short-run adjustment
 parameters. The results suggest that levels of educational human capital,
 proxied by high school enrollment rates, have a robust positive impact on
 steady-state levels of income. This is true for male and female education,
 and the regressions also suggest that states which have larger gender-gaps
 in education have lower steady-state incomes. The estimated relationship
 is robust to the inclusion of alternative measures, added controls, and
 variation in the degree of state coverage. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1350-1378 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600930663 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600930663  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nidhiya Menon 
Author-X-Name-First: Nidhiya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menon 
Title: Non-linearities in returns to participation in Grameen Bank programs 
Abstract:
  This paper studies the benefits of participation in micro-finance
 programs, where benefits are measured in terms of the ability to smooth
 the effect of seasonal shocks that cause consumption fluctuations. It is
 shown that although membership in these programs is an effective
 instrument in combating inter-seasonal consumption differences, there is a
 threshold level of length of participation beyond which benefits begin to
 diminish. Returns from membership are modelled using an Euler equation
 approach. Fixed effects non-linear least squares estimation of parameters
 using data from 24 villages of the Grameen Bank suggests that returns to
 participation, as measured by the ability to smooth seasonal shocks, begin
 to decline after approximately two years of membership. This implies that
 membership alone no longer has a mitigating marginal effect on seasonal
 shocks to per capita consumption after four years of participation. Such
 patterns suggest that the ability to smooth consumption as a function of
 length of membership, need not accrue indefinitely in a linear fashion. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1379-1400 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600930705 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600930705  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Louis Combes 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Louis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Combes 
Author-Name: Tahsin Saadi-Sedik 
Author-X-Name-First: Tahsin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saadi-Sedik 
Title: How does trade openness influence budget deficits in developing countries? 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the effects of trade openness on budget balances by
 distinguishing the effects of natural openness from those of trade policy.
 Revealed indicators of natural openness and trade policy are computed.
 Using GMM-system estimator, the econometric analysis focuses on 66
 developing countries over 1974-98. The results show that trade openness
 increases a country's exposure to external shocks. This enforces the
 negative impact on budget balances of terms of trade instability.
 Additionally, trade openness influences budget balances through several
 other channels: corruption, income inequalities, etc. Then natural
 openness and trade policy have opposite effects: the former deteriorates
 budget balances whereas the latter enhances them. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1401-1416 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380600930762 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380600930762  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ronald Herring 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herring 
Title: Stealth seeds: Bioproperty, biosafety, biopolitics 
Abstract:
  Transgenic seeds in both India (Bt cotton) and Brazil
 (glyphosate-resistant soybeans) spread widely and rapidly through farming
 communities outside the reach of biosafety or bioproperty institutions.
 Stealth transgenics are saved, cross-bred, repackaged, sold, exchanged and
 planted in an anarchic agrarian capitalism that defies surveillance and
 control of firms and states. The outcome is more pro-poor than alternative
 modes of diffusion, but undermines a growing consensus in the
 international development community on appropriate bio-safety and
 intellectual property institutions for biotechnology. Second, stealth
 procurement of biotechnology divides nominally pro-poor political
 coalitions, driven by a great ideational divide on uncertainties and risks
 of transgenics. The ability of seeds to move underground through stealth
 strategies of farmers undermines widely-assumed bio-safety-regime
 capability. Likewise, property in biotechnology appears less monopolistic
 and powerful, more relational and contingent. Stealth practices of farmers
 in pursuit of transgenics contrary to wishes of firms, states and many
 NGOs suggest a different model of the farmer than that often encountered
 in both developmentalist and anti-'GMO' discourse: more active, creative
 and autonomous, less hapless and supine. Resultant incapacity of social
 institutions to secure interests of firms and states in biotechnology
 renders more likely eventual development of controls from genetic
 engineering&#xa0;-&#xa0;the 'terminator technology' of political
 dramaturgy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 130-157 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055601 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055601  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Devparna Roy 
Author-X-Name-First: Devparna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy 
Author-Name: Ronald Herring 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herring 
Author-Name: Charles Geisler 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geisler 
Title: Naturalising transgenics: Official seeds, loose seeds and risk in the decision matrix of Gujarati cotton farmers 
Abstract:
  Cotton farmers in Gujarat, western India, faced a novel decision matrix
 when Delhi gave provisional approval, in March 2002, to Mahyco-Monsanto
 Biotech Ltd. to release three Bt-cotton varieties. These varieties
 represented India's first legally commercialised transgenics: official
 seeds. Unofficial transgenic seeds were also available to farmers both as
 unpackaged, unbranded 'loose seeds'&#xa0;-&#xa0;mostly F2 progeny of a
 popular but banned transgenic variety&#xa0;-&#xa0;and as packaged, branded
 local gray-market Bt cultivars not approved by government. This essay
 utilises original field research to analyse the reasoning frame of farmers
 in choosing which seeds to plant. It finds that Bt cotton varieties were
 valued by farmers for reduction of pest damage, pesticide cost and thus
 improvement of yields and income. Second, choices among Bt varieties are
 complex, riding on seed-cost differentials between official and stealth
 cultivars and variable fit of varieties to local agronomic conditions.
 Third, some farmers chose non-Bt cultivars, for various reasons, including
 preference for organic cultivation&#xa0;-&#xa0;though some considered Bt
 cotton compatible with organic agriculture. Cotton farmers in Gujarat have
 in effect naturalised transgenic varieties, slotting them into familiar
 strategies to hedge risks. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 158-176 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055635 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055635  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Gonsalves 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonsalves 
Author-Name: D. R. Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: D. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: D. Gonsalves 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonsalves 
Title: The Adoption of genetically modified papaya in Hawaii and its implications for developing countries 
Abstract:
  As agricultural biotechnology becomes increasingly commercialised,
 numerous constraints limit adoption by developing-country producers. These
 include technology access, impacts on farmers' yields and profits,
 privatisation of research and intellectual property, biosafety regulatory
 frameworks, and trade-related market restrictions. This essay analyses
 development of the genetically modified papaya and its commercialisation
 in Hawaii as a response to a virulent plant disease, papaya ringspot
 virus. Results of a survey of Hawaiian papaya growers suggest that the
 unprecedentedly rapid adoption of GM papaya is due to this technology's
 having addressed many of these key constraints facing growers. The
 implications for developing-country adoption of GM varieties are explored. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 177-191 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055650 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055650  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Pray 
Author-X-Name-First: Carl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pray 
Author-Name: Anwar Naseem 
Author-X-Name-First: Anwar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naseem 
Title: Supplying crop biotechnology to the poor: Opportunities and constraints 
Abstract:
  Unlike the public-sector research that launched the Green Revolution,
 private firms based in industrialised countries have done the majority of
 agricultural biotechnology research and almost all commercialisation of
 genetically modified (GM) crops. This paper examines consequences of the
 emergence of a few large companies as leaders in the commercialisation of
 biotechnology by addressing issues of access to technology, costs of
 conducting research and distribution of economic benefits. To provide
 context, we first review the status of crop-biotechnology research
 globally: who is benefiting from the technology? We then analyse the role
 of intellectual property rights, market access and industry concentration,
 public sector research and GM crop biosafety regulations in determining
 observed R&D by firms. The paper recommends policy measures that allow
 transfer of current technology to the poor and generate more biotechnology
 research focused on problems of the poor. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 192-217 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055676 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055676  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Norman Uphoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Norman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uphoff 
Title: Agroecological alternatives: Capitalising on existing genetic potentials 
Abstract:
  Contemporary debates on whether or not transgenic innovations will be
 beneficial for the poor should consider also whether other methods could
 achieve the same objectives. This article discusses agroecological
 approaches, and specifically the system of rice intensification (SRI),
 which is showing that it can meet food production needs of the poor
 relatively quickly, simply, cost-effectively and in an
 environmentally-benign manner. SRI is raising yields 30-100 per cent
 without requiring new seeds, chemical fertilisers or agrochemicals, while
 using less water. Agroecological approaches are meant to obtain maximum
 performance from the genetic potential of agricultural plants; there is no
 contradiction in combining agro-ecological and biotechnological approaches
 to improve performance in the field. This article does not propose that
 agroecological approaches should substitute for transgenic methods, but
 does suggest that opportunities in the agroecological domain are probably
 being overlooked in the current preoccupation with genocentric strategies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 218-236 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055700 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055700  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ronald Herring 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herring 
Title: The genomics revolution and development studies: Science, poverty and politics 
Abstract:
  The genomics revolution in biology has enabled technologies with
 unprecedented potential; genetic engineering is changing the terrain of
 development studies. Societies have reacted with indifference or
 appreciation to genetically engineered pharmaceuticals, beginning with
 insulin; yet for food and agriculture, a globally contentious politics and
 unprecedented policy dilemmas have arisen. Transgenic organisms raise
 questions of property, ethics and safety unimaginable a generation ago:
 what can be owned and with what responsibility? Much turns on science: how
 one conceptualizes evidence, knowledge, uncertainty and risk. Both
 opponents and proponents of frontier applications in biotechnology have a
 poverty story to tell, but with divergent implications. The balance in
 this global debate has perceptibly shifted; a new developmentalist
 consensus concludes that the world's poor may benefit from genetic
 engineering: the question is 'under what conditions'? This essay
 introduces a collection of scholarly treatments that begin with the needs
 of the poor&#xa0;-&#xa0;for income, nutrition, environmental
 integrity&#xa0;-&#xa0;and evaluate theory and evidence for contributions
 from transgenic crops. The new consensus assumes much about biosafety,
 bioproperty and biopolitics that is contrary to ground
 realities&#xa0;-&#xa0;the actual capacity of firms and states to monitor
 and control biotechnology&#xa0;-&#xa0;but raises new questions at the
 frontiers of development studies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055502 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055502  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lipton 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton 
Title: Plant breeding and poverty: Can transgenic seeds replicate the 'Green Revolution' as a source of gains for the poor? 
Abstract:
  Improved farm technology helps all main groups of the
 poor&#xa0;-&#xa0;small farmers, farmworkers, other low-wage
 labour&#xa0;-&#xa0;when it raises labour value-productivity, but raises
 land and/or water value-productivity faster; and cuts staples prices, but
 raises smallholders' total factor productivity faster. From 1965 the Green
 Revolution walked these two tightropes largely by luck. Though targeting
 bigger piles of rice and wheat, it cut poverty through consumption;
 nutrition; smallholder income; employment; risk reduction; and ecological
 sustainability. Yet large areas were left out, and from 1985 progress
 slowed. In the new environment for research and agriculture, how can
 transgenics revive and spread poverty reduction? What has been the
 evidence so far? What determines whether new varieties have traits
 conducive to poverty reduction: who owns the research, or what crop
 science is? 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 31-62 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055510 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055510  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Zilberman 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zilberman 
Author-Name: Holly Ameden 
Author-X-Name-First: Holly 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ameden 
Author-Name: Matin Qaim 
Author-X-Name-First: Matin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qaim 
Title: The impact of agricultural biotechnology on yields, risks, and biodiversity in low-income countries 
Abstract:
  This paper shows that the current generation of transgenic crop varieties
 has significant potential to improve economic welfare in low-income
 countries. These varieties might increase crop yields in low-income
 countries in cases when pesticides have not been used. They will reduce
 negative health effects of chemicals when they replace them. With low
 transaction costs, appropriate infrastructure, and access to intellectual
 property, multiple varieties of transgenics will be introduced. The gain
 from transgenics will be reduced, and crop biodiversity may be lost when
 only a small set of varieties is transgenetically modified. The adoption
 of transgenics will also be affected by risk and credit considerations. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 63-78 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055544 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055544  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howarth Bouis 
Author-X-Name-First: Howarth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouis 
Title: The potential of genetically modified food crops to improve human nutrition in developing countries 
Abstract:
  Because of poor dietary quality and consequent widespread micronutrient
 malnutrition in low income countries, children and their mothers, who have
 higher requirements for vitamins and minerals due to rapid growth and
 reproduction respectively, have higher mortality, become sick more often,
 have their cognitive abilities compromised for a lifetime, and are less
 productive members of the workforce. Their quality of life and aggregate
 economic growth are unnecessarily compromised. One way that biotechnology
 can help to improve the nutrition and health of consumers in developing
 countries is by increasing the vitamin and mineral content and their
 bioavailability in staple foods. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 79-96 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055585 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055585  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janice Thies 
Author-X-Name-First: Janice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thies 
Author-Name: Medha Devare 
Author-X-Name-First: Medha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Devare 
Title: An ecological assessment of transgenic crops 
Abstract:
  Since the first commercial release of a transgenic crop in 1994, the land
 area planted to these crops has expanded to over 90 million ha worldwide,
 with approximately 8.5 million farmers in 21 countries cultivating
 transgenic crops. Public apprehension has mounted apace. Concerns include:
 (i) the potential for gene flow into wild plant populations or soil
 organisms; (ii) adverse effects on non-target organisms; (iii) gene
 products or crop residues persisting in the environment with deleterious
 effects and, for insecticidal crops; (iv) resistance developing in target
 pest populations. Numerous studies on the environmental risks of
 transgenic crops are published. Gene flow to a crop's wild relatives has
 been demonstrated in the field; hence, the use of these crops is
 restricted to regions where wild relatives are not endemic. Gene flow to
 soil organisms is yet to be demonstrated under field conditions and is
 unlikely given the safeguards employed, but not impossible. The weight of
 the evidence suggests that there is little risk to non-target soil
 organisms, but reduced numbers of non-target beneficial insects have been
 reported with the use of insecticidal crops in some systems. Population
 effects on non-target insects associated with the use of insecticidal
 crops are significantly less extensive than those experienced using
 chemical pesticides, and it has yet to be determined if observed
 population changes are ecologically significant in these cropping systems.
 Resistance of target pests to insecticidal crops is possible and
 eventually likely, but after nearly a decade of use has yet to be detected
 under field conditions. Several strategies to reduce potential ecological
 impacts are either under development or near release. Ecological risks
 posed by new technologies under development and the need for in-country
 risk assessment and post-release monitoring are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 97-129 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601055593 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601055593  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathleen Baker 
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker 
Author-Name: Sarah Jewitt 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jewitt 
Title: Evaluating 35 years of Green Revolution technology in villages of Bulandshahr district, western UP, North India 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the experiences of over 35 years of Green Revolution
 (GR) technology in villages of the Bulandshahr District, western UP.
 Fieldwork in three villages revealed that perceptions of GR were extremely
 positive because higher yields brought food security for all in the area,
 and financial security for many. Indirect benefits, such as urban
 development, have improved employment opportunities&#xa0;-&#xa0;which have
 benefited even the poorest&#xa0;-&#xa0;and rural electrification has
 transformed rural livelihoods, especially for women. Predictably, the
 benefits of GR technology are not equally spread: the poorest are better
 off, but the gap between rich and poor is now greater than ever. As gently
 declining yields are paralleled by growing populations, farmers are
 interested in further increasing land productivity. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 312-339 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125180 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125180  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yolanda Leon 
Author-X-Name-First: Yolanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leon 
Title: The impact of tourism on rural livelihoods in the Dominican Republic's coastal areas 
Abstract:
  Tourism has rapidly grown in the Dominican Republic in recent years. This
 paper evaluates the impact of tourism on rural livelihoods through a
 survey conducted in 23 coastal communities covering a range of tourism
 levels and types. Tourism generally has a positive impact as measured by
 increased household income and job satisfaction. Personal and community
 characteristics, such as knowledge of a second language, young age, and
 predominance of domestic and day-trip tourism, are the most important
 factors in determining tourism-related employment in the studied
 communities. Policy implications for pro-poor tourism are discussed,
 followed by a cautionary note on tourism-induced population displacements. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 340-359 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125214  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:2:p:340-359




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Rayp 
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rayp 
Author-Name: Nicolas Van De Sijpe 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van De Sijpe 
Title: Measuring and explaining government efficiency in developing countries 
Abstract:
  Governments in developing countries play an important role in the growth
 process, most notably through their budgetary policies. This potentially
 beneficial role is, however, hindered by government expenditure
 inefficiency. This is illustrated in a basic model of public spending and
 economic growth. Government efficiency is estimated for 52 developing
 countries using data envelopment analysis and subsequently employed in a
 general to specific approach in order to identify its determinants. We
 find government expenditure efficiency is primarily determined by
 structural country variables and governance indicators. Economic policy
 determinants apparently count less. The Asian countries and low income
 European countries in the sample have a significantly higher and lower
 efficiency, respectively. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 360-381 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: <b>JEL Codes:</b>H21, H50, O23, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125230  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haleh Afshar 
Author-X-Name-First: Haleh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Afshar 
Title: Women, wars, citizenship, migration, and identity: Some illustrations from the Middle East 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 237-244 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125057 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125057  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:2:p:237-244




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Holt 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holt 
Title: The wives and mothers of heroes: Evolving identities of Palestinian refugee women in Lebanon 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the impact that being 'the wives and the mothers of
 heroes' has had on Palestinian women's identity in the camps of Lebanon.
 It asks how these women are creating identities for themselves out of the
 arid landscape of exile. The key question posed in this paper is one of
 self-definition. How do women refugees address the dilemma of 'identifying
 themselves as Palestinian in a world in which there is no longer a country
 called Palestine?' Through the testimonies of individual refugee women, I
 examine the process of identity formation for women in terms both of
 change on the ground and change in the refugees' own feelings, behaviour
 and coping mechanisms, and also in the context of a national narrative of
 suffering and heroism which has been defined largely according to
 masculine values. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 245-264 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125073 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125073  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:2:p:245-264




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Homa Hoodfar 
Author-X-Name-First: Homa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoodfar 
Title: Women, religion and the 'Afghan Education Movement' in Iran 
Abstract:
  Ongoing resistance to gender equality in Muslim societies, despite
 considerable industrialisation and development in many of them, has
 supported the assumption that Islam, itself, poses a formidable barrier to
 gender equality. In recent years, the treatment of Afghan women by the
 Taliban has only reinforced that assumption. However, it happens that
 certain social transformations have taken place in some Muslim societies,
 sometimes in unlikely corners, which deserve our close attention. There
 are lessons that we can draw from them regarding strategies for the
 further promotion of gender equity and women's empowerment. This paper
 reviews the experience of Afghan refugee women whose exposure to different
 visions of Islam in the Islamic Republic of Iran led them to embrace a
 different vision of Islam and 'Muslim-ness'. The internalisation of this
 new Islamic understanding empowered Afghan women, first, to envisage a
 different and transformed Afghan community. This vision led to the
 creation of an educational movement in which tens of thousands of Afghan
 boys and girls&#xa0;-&#xa0;but also adults&#xa0;-&#xa0;were educated
 without external financial or institutional support. It is a process very
 different from previous Afghan governments' top-down educational policies,
 or transplanted international agencies' programs, or other elite-based
 movements. A vibrant civil society has been created and the women,
 themselves, have changed. This educational movement transformed gender
 roles in ways that few social scientists or policy makers could foresee.
 Significantly, new configurations of various levels of empowerment at
 personal, community and transnational levels have arisen. Analysis of this
 case suggests that perhaps development practitioners and policy makers
 need to re-examine the potential for Muslim women, using their indigenous
 resources, to challenge their exclusion from the power structure of their
 communities and to transform their cultures and societies. Given the
 experience of once rightless, disempowered Afghan refugee women, why
 should we assume that, given the right circumstances, other Muslim women
 could not internalise a more egalitarian vision of Islam empowering them
 to take charge of their own lives and embarking on a process of societal
 development? 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 265-293 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125115 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125115  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:2:p:265-293




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elaheh Rostami-Povey 
Author-X-Name-First: Elaheh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rostami-Povey 
Title: Gender, agency and identity, the case of Afghan women in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran 
Abstract:
  This paper will discuss how Afghan women, as diverse groups, exercised
 autonomy and agency in diaspora (Iran and Pakistan) and in Afghanistan
 under US-led invasion. Negotiations between social, political, economic,
 ethnic, cultural and gender spheres are a constant battle for Afghan
 women. They have invented different ways of coping with life, under the
 most extreme forms of coercion, fear and high levels of uncertainties. In
 diaspora, despite marginalisation, they established women's voices and
 agency. Exile became an important factor to reshape their identity
 according to their diverse positions. Under NATO and US-led invasion they
 are challenging imperialist representation of Afghan women. They are
 seeking freedom from hierarchical and patriarchal domination. They hope
 that their active agency will enable them to establish their own identity
 free from male, ethnic, religious and imperial domination. The paper will
 draw the attention of the reader to the enormous influence of state
 policies (Afghanistan/US, Iran, Pakistan), as well as the impact of
 women's movement in Iran and the NGOs in Pakistan, on the lives of Afghan
 women and men in Afghanistan and diasporic communities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 294-311 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380601125149 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380601125149  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:2:p:294-311




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camille Antinori 
Author-X-Name-First: Camille 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antinori 
Author-Name: Gordon Rausser 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rausser 
Title: Collective choice and community forestry management in Mexico: An empirical analysis 
Abstract:
  Democratic participation has increasingly become a natural resource
 management policy approach for governments around the world. Yet, its
 effective application across stakeholder groups remains a challenge. With
 original survey data from Mexico, a country with extensive common property
 forestland, we assess the effect of incorporating both local
 representation and outside technical expertise on forest management.
 Descriptive statistics show how existing community governance accommodates
 local management decision-making. The empirical analysis constructs and
 compares multidimensional indices for rule conformance and forest
 conditions with measures of local and professional service providers'
 involvement in community forums. Regression results suggest that active
 use of these forums for disseminating information and seeking management
 plan approval improves rule conformance, which, in turn, leads to better
 forest conditions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 512-536 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204471 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204471  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:3:p:512-536




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Debbie Dickinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Debbie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickinson 
Author-Name: Michael Webber 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webber 
Title: Environmental resettlement and development, on the steppes of Inner Mongolia, PRC 
Abstract:
  The World Bank, other development institutions and a few countries, like
 China, have elaborated resettlement policies which envisage Resettlement
 with Development (RwD). However, the understanding of Development embodied
 in the discourse of RwD is confused. After distinguishing between the
 concepts of development as outcome and development as process, we
 investigate two projects of environmental resettlement in Inner Mongolia,
 PRC. The planning and implementation of these projects reveal the state's
 interpretation of RwD. There has been some Development (outcome) in some
 places, notably improvements in material well-being. However, the
 processes of development have been more extensive, involving increased
 participation in markets for produce and labour. The state, we conclude,
 identifies involvement with markets as the principal means of achieving
 material Development outcomes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 537-561 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204513 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204513  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lutao Ning 
Author-X-Name-First: Lutao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ning 
Title: Economic liberalisation for high-tech industry development? Lessons from China's response in developing the ICT manufacturing sector compared with the strategies of Korea and Taiwan 
Abstract:
  This paper argues that China's response to economic liberalisation, which
 artificially focuses on promoting particular sizes of firms, cannot
 improve technological capabilities in the ICT manufacturing industry. Not
 only have historical and economic conditions created difficulties in
 adopting Korean and Taiwanese style policies, but also competitive ICT
 firms in the global economy are increasingly moving from manufacturing to
 innovation activities against a backdrop of increasing economic
 liberalisation. Given the WTO and ITA agreements, the main path which
 Korea and Taiwan employed is now unavailable. The government therefore
 should leave the size of firms to market forces. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 562-587 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204547 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204547  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:3:p:562-587




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dennis Rodgers 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodgers 
Title: 'Each to their own': Ethnographic notes on the economic organisation of poor households in urban Nicaragua 
Abstract:
  This article presents some ethnographic notes on the economic
 organisation of poor households in urban Nicaragua. These highlight a
 number of atypical features that raise several important theoretical
 questions. In particular, they highlight the possible emergence of
 non-cooperative households, and point to a problematic association in the
 literature between doubly 'naturalised' notions of kinship and households.
 The article concludes that not only are neither households nor families
 inherently cooperative, but moreover they are not internally unified
 institutions. They are rather multifaceted in nature. In order to properly
 understand them they need to be conceived in terms of their internal
 institutional dynamics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 391-419 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204240 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204240  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:3:p:391-419




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Author-Name: Kelly Hallman 
Author-X-Name-First: Kelly 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hallman 
Author-Name: Marie Ruel 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruel 
Title: Maquiladoras and market mamas: Women's work and childcare in Guatemala City and Accra 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses work, childcare, and earnings of mothers in the slums
 of Guatemala City and Accra. Similar factors affect decisions to work and
 to use formal daycare, but the importance of childcare varies with the
 role of the formal labour sector. In Guatemala, where formal sector work
 is important, higher prices for informal care increase formal daycare use.
 However, daycare prices and proximity to daycare centers do not
 significantly affect earnings in Guatemala City and Accra, respectively.
 Providing formal daycare may be more important to mothers' decision to
 work in cities where formal sector work dominates. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 420-455 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204380 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204380  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Per Eklund 
Author-X-Name-First: Per 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eklund 
Author-Name: Katsushi Imai 
Author-X-Name-First: Katsushi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Imai 
Author-Name: Fabrizio Felloni 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Felloni 
Title: Women's organisations, maternal knowledge, and social capital to reduce prevalence of stunted children: Evidence from rural Nepal 
Abstract:
  This study analyses behaviour of women's community-based organisations in
 rural Nepal in reducing prevalence of child malnutrition in member
 households drawing upon the survey data collected in 2000. The induced
 institutional innovation hypothesis is tested: are capabilities of women
 organisations reflecting 'structured social capital' positively associated
 with improved child nutritional status? The effectiveness of outside
 interventions is also tested. Econometric results based on 2SLS show that
 higher capabilities of the autonomous group are associated with lower
 underweight. We also demonstrate that enhanced knowledge diffusion,
 combined with growth promotion, represents an effective instrument for
 empowering rural women in acting to reduce the prevalence of chronic
 malnutrition. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 456-489 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204406 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204406  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:3:p:456-489




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Davies 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davies 
Author-Name: Richard Bennett 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett 
Title: Livelihood adaptation to risk: Constraints and opportunities for pastoral development in Ethiopia's Afar region 
Abstract:
  Development policies in the pastoral areas of Africa assume that
 pastoralists are poor. Using the Afar pastoralists of Ethiopia as the
 focus of research this article challenges this depiction of pastoralism by
 exploring pastoral livelihood goals and traditional strategies for
 managing risk. Investment in social institutions to minimise the risk of
 outright destitution, sometimes at the cost of increased poverty, and
 significant manipulation of local markets enable the Afar to exploit a
 highly uncertain and marginal environment. Improved development assistance
 and enhanced targeting of the truly vulnerable within pastoral societies
 demands an acceptance that pastoral poverty is neither uniform nor
 universal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 490-511 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701204422 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701204422  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:3:p:490-511




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Lemos 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lemos 
Title: Minimum wage effects across the private and public sectors in Brazil 
Abstract:
  Most of the available evidence on the effect of minimum wages concerns
 the private sector of developed countries. In this paper, we examine
 minimum wage effects in both private and public sectors for a key
 developing country. We use monthly data from a Brazilian household survey
 from 1982 to 2000. We find a strong compression effect in the wage
 distribution for both the private and public sectors. However, we find no
 evidence of adverse employment effects in either sector at the aggregate
 level or for vulnerable groups such as teenagers, women and the low
 educated. Hence, minimum wage policies in Brazil appear to be a
 potentially viable anti-poverty instrument. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 700-720 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: <b>JEL classification:</b> J38, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701259947 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701259947  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:4:p:700-720




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. C. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: L. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Author-Name: J. P. Chavas 
Author-X-Name-First: J. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chavas 
Title: Price policy, poverty, and power within rural West African households 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the impact of agricultural price policy on poverty in
 West Africa, a region in which prices are an important tool for raising
 rural household incomes. A game-theoretic, collective model of household
 income generation and resource allocation is developed that incorporates
 three features typical of West African rural households: preference
 heterogeneity among women and men, individual resource control, and
 power-mediated bargaining over resource control in the face of changes in
 households' economic environments. To explore price effects, the model is
 used to simulate the income impacts of large increases in cotton prices
 accompanying fast-paced agricultural liberalisation in Burkina Faso in the
 1980s. The paper shows that where resources are controlled individually by
 household members, rather than pooled, Pareto efficiency in income
 generation does not hold. The impact of agricultural price policy on
 poverty is mediated by bargaining over resource control within households.
 Both the relative bargaining power of women and men and the degree of
 preference heterogeneity between them play fundamental roles in the
 outcome of such bargaining. The results point to a lower ability of
 households to take advantage of price incentives and thereby raise their
 incomes than a unitary household model, in which preferences do not differ
 and resources are pooled, predicts. They suggest that the effectiveness of
 price policy in reducing poverty in the region would be enhanced by taking
 into account the incentive structure within households as well as
 individual household members' ability to bargain over the benefit and cost
 streams flowing from price changes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 721-742 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701260044 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701260044  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayalneh Bogale 
Author-X-Name-First: Ayalneh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bogale 
Author-Name: Benedikt Korf 
Author-X-Name-First: Benedikt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korf 
Title: To share or not to share? (non-)violence, scarcity and resource access in Somali Region, Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  Scholars in the environmental security tradition have sought to explicate
 the links between environmental scarcity (or degradation) and the onset of
 different forms of political violence and how these are mediated by
 institutional mechanisms. The Malthusian trap here is not a direct
 deterministic relationship, but rather a possibility, where environmental
 scarcity when it coincides with socio-economic processes of rent-seeking
 and exclusion triggers political conditions ripe for violent struggles.
 This a priori attention to scarcity as causal mechanism blurs our
 understanding why violence occurs in some and does not in other places.
 Our research strategy is therefore different: we study a case of
 non-violent relations between resource users under conditions of
 environmental scarcity (due to drought) and political instability and look
 into the crucial role of local institutions in governing competing
 resource claims. Our case from the violence-prone Somali Region, Ethiopia
 analyses how agro-pastoralist communities develop sharing arrangements on
 pasture resources with intruding pastoralist communities in drought years,
 even though this places additional pressure on their grazing resource. A
 household survey investigates the determinants for different households in
 the agro-pastoralist community, asset-poor and wealthy ones, to enter into
 different types of sharing arrangements. Our findings suggest that
 resource sharing offers asset-poor households opportunities to stabilise
 and enhance their asset-base in drought years, providing incentives for
 cooperative rather than conflicting relations with intruding pastoralists. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 743-765 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701260093 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701260093  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. P. Thirlwall 
Author-X-Name-First: A. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirlwall 
Title: The least developed countries report, 2006: Developing productive capacities 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 766-778 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701260150 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701260150  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:4:p:766-778




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Bebbington 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bebbington 
Author-Name: David Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Author-Name: Simon Batterbury 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Batterbury 
Author-Name: Elizabeth Olson 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olson 
Author-Name: M. Shameem Siddiqi 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Shameem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siddiqi 
Title: Of texts and practices: Empowerment and organisational cultures in world bank-funded rural development programmes 
Abstract:
  The World Bank's recent concern for 'empowerment' grows out of longer
 standing discussions of participation, non-governmental organisations
 (NGOs) and civil society. While commitments to empowerment enter World
 Bank texts with relative ease, their practice within Bank-funded projects
 is far more contingent, and the meanings they assume become much more
 diverse. This paper considers the relationship between such texts and the
 development practices which emerge, using an analysis of the
 'organisational cultures' of the Bank and the many organisations on which
 it depends in the implementation of its rural development programmes. The
 paper presents a framework for analysing these organisational cultures in
 terms of (a) the broader contexts in which organisations and their staff
 are embedded; (b) the everyday practices within organisations; (c) the
 power relations within and among organisations; and (d) the meanings that
 come to dominate organisational practice. A case study of a development
 programme in Bangladesh is used to illustrate the ways in which cultural
 interactions between a variety of organisations&#xa0;-&#xa0;the World
 Bank, government agencies, NGOs, organisations of the poor, social
 enterprises&#xa0;-&#xa0;mediate the ways in which textual commitments to
 empowerment are translated into a range of diverse practices. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 597-621 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701259665 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701259665  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Boschini 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boschini 
Author-Name: Anders Olofsg&#xe5;rd 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olofsg&#xe5;rd 
Title: Foreign aid: An instrument for fighting communism? 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we test the argument that the sizeable reduction in
 aggregate aid levels in the 1990s was due to the end of the Cold War. We
 test two different models using a dynamic econometric specification on a
 panel of 17 donor countries, spanning the years 1970-97. We find aid to be
 positively related to military expenditures in the former Eastern Bloc
 during the Cold War, but not in the 1990s, suggesting that the reductions
 in aid disbursements are driven by the disappearance of an important
 motive for aid. We also study the effect on aid allocation, but here we do
 not find any robust effects of the end of the Cold War. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 622-648 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: <b>JEL Classification:</b> F35 H5, H56, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701259707 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701259707  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:4:p:622-648




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hailin Liao 
Author-X-Name-First: Hailin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liao 
Author-Name: Mark Holmes 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holmes 
Author-Name: Tom Weyman-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weyman-Jones 
Author-Name: David Llewellyn 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llewellyn 
Title: Productivity growth of East Asia economies' manufacturing: A decomposition analysis 
Abstract:
  Applying a stochastic production frontier to sector-level data within
 manufacturing, this paper examines total factor productivity (TFP) growth
 for seven East Asian economies during 1963-98, using both single country
 and cross-country regressions. The analysis focuses on the trend in
 technological progress (TP) and technical efficiency change (TEC), and the
 role of productivity change in economic growth. The empirical results
 reveal that although input factor accumulation is still the main source
 for East Asian economies' growth, TFP growth is accounting for an
 increasing and important proportion of output growth, among which the
 improved TEC plays a crucial role in productivity growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 649-674 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: <b>JEL Classification:</b> D24, L60, O30, O53, O47, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701259723 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701259723  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yongzheng Yang 
Author-X-Name-First: Yongzheng 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang 
Author-Name: Montfort Mlachila 
Author-X-Name-First: Montfort 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mlachila 
Title: The end of textiles quotas: A case study of the impact on Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This paper assesses the effects on the Bangladeshi economy of phasing out
 textile and clothing quotas by industrial countries. Bangladesh relies
 heavily on textile and clothing exports and is potentially very vulnerable
 to the abolition of the quotas. We used up-to-date information on quota
 prices for Bangladesh to evaluate its competitiveness in a quota-free
 world, and subsequently incorporate the quota price information in the
 GTAP model to simulate the effects of quota phase out on Bangladesh. We
 also examine in detail the supply constraints facing Bangladesh's textiles
 and clothing industries. Based on this analysis, we conclude that without
 accelerated structural reforms Bangladesh is likely to face significant
 pressure on its balance of payments, output and employment in the
 aftermath of quota removal. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 675-699 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701259939 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701259939  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:4:p:675-699




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wassie Berhanu 
Author-X-Name-First: Wassie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berhanu 
Author-Name: David Colman 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colman 
Author-Name: Bichaka Fayissa 
Author-X-Name-First: Bichaka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fayissa 
Title: Diversification and livelihood sustainability in a semi-arid environment: A case study from southern Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the recently growing adoption of non-pastoral
 livelihood strategies among the Borana pastoralists in southern Ethiopia.
 A large portion of the current non-pastoral participation is in petty and
 natural resource-based activities. Pastoral and crop production functions
 are estimated using the Cobb-Douglas model to analyse the economic
 rationale behind the growing pastoralist shift to cultivation and other
 non-pastoral activities. The low marginal return to labour in traditional
 pastoralism suggests the existence of surplus labour that can gainfully be
 transferred to non-pastoral activities. An examination of the pastoralist
 activity choices reveals that the younger households with literacy and
 more exposure to the exchange system display a more diversified income
 portfolio preference. The findings underscore the importance of human
 capital investment and related support services for improving the
 pastoralist capacity to manage risk through welfare-enhancing diversified
 income portfolio adoption. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 871-889 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384554 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384554  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:5:p:871-889




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony M. Shelton 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shelton 
Title: Considerations on the use of transgenic crops for insect control 
Abstract:
  The adoption of agricultural technologies, whether developed through
 biotechnology or other methods, depends on social, political, regulatory
 and biological parameters. This article first presents an example of a
 low-input, non-biotechnological method of pest control that, while
 seemingly reasonable to researchers and extension agents, was not adopted
 by farmers. It then analyses a method for insect management developed
 through biotechnology that is becoming widely adopted: transgenic plants
 expressing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis
 (Bt). Globally increasing adoption of Bt plants, by small and large
 farmers in both low- and high- income countries requires explanation in
 terms of biological properties of cropping systems and insect populations,
 alternative control techniques and social policy considerations. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 890-900 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384562 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384562  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deon Filmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Deon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Filmer 
Title: If you build it, will they come? School availability and school enrolment in 21 poor countries 
Abstract:
  Increasing the supply of schools is commonly advocated as a policy to
 promote schooling outputs and outcomes. Analysis of the relationship
 between the school enrolment of 6- to 14-year-olds and the distance to
 primary and secondary schools in 21 rural areas of low-income countries
 (including some of the poorest countries in Sub-Saharan Africa) suggests
 that the two are often statistically significantly related. However, the
 magnitudes of the associations are small: simulating large reductions in
 distance yields only small increases in average school participation, and
 only small reductions in within country inequality. There are a number of
 reasons why this result might hold. Average effects might mask
 heterogeneity in the impact by initial distance to the nearest school, as
 well as by economic status; the existing quality of schools might be low
 and the simulation assumes that this would be the average quality of new
 schools; and the cross-sectional nature of the data make it hard to rule
 out that schools might be placed where they are 'most needed' which would
 bias the results towards zero. Sensitivity analysis suggests none of these
 drive the result: the results suggest that expectations for large overall
 increases in enrolment as a result of school construction should be
 tempered. They also suggest areas for more research to guide policy: in
 particular on the interaction between school quantity and quality; the
 potential importance of demand side subsidies; and the cost effectiveness
 of different approaches. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 901-928 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384588 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384588  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Unwin 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Unwin 
Title: No end to poverty 
Abstract:
  This commentary is designed to provide a critique of Jeffrey Sachs' The
 End of Poverty: How We Can Make It Happen In Our Lifetime, highlighting in
 particular the difficulties that arise from his focus on absolute poverty
 and his proposed recipe for its elimination. It begins by emphasising the
 many strengths of Sachs' arguments, but then suggests that these could
 usefully be tempered by greater attention to relative conceptualisations
 of poverty and the ethical grounds upon which his arguments are based. Six
 main issues are subsequently addressed: his use of the notion of a ladder
 of development; his concentration on countries rather than people; his
 understandings of geography and of history; his relative lack of attention
 to social and cultural dimensions of development; the inability of poor
 countries to absorb the levels of aid that he proposes; and the damage
 caused by suggesting that it is indeed possible to end poverty. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 929-953 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384596 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384596  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Busse 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Busse 
Author-Name: Harald Grossmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grossmann 
Title: The trade and fiscal impact of EU/ACP economic partnership agreements on West African countries 
Abstract:
  The European Union is currently negotiating free trade agreements, called
 Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs), with African countries as part of
 the Cotonou Agreement between the European Union and African, Caribbean
 and Pacific countries. The paper empirically assesses the impact of the
 EPAs on trade flows and government revenue for 14 West African countries.
 The results indicate that the decline in import duties due to the
 preferential tariff elimination might be of some cause for concern and
 that complementary fiscal and economic policies have to be implemented
 before or at the time the EPAs come into force. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 787-811 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384364 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384364  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emilie Daudey 
Author-X-Name-First: Emilie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Daudey 
Author-Name: Cecilia Garcia-Penalosa 
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia-Penalosa 
Title: The personal and the factor distributions of income in a cross-section of countries 
Abstract:
  The shares of capital and labour in national income vary substantially
 both over time and across countries. This paper shows that the factor
 distribution of income is an essential determinant of the personal
 distribution of income. We use cross-country and panel data for a group of
 developed and developing countries to show that a larger labour share is
 associated with a lower Gini coefficient of personal incomes. This effect
 is not only statistically significant but also economically important. An
 increase in the labour share in Mexico to that observed in the US would
 reduce the Gini coefficient of the former by between two and five points. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 812-829 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384406 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384406  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Teitelbaum 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teitelbaum 
Title: Can a developing democracy benefit from labour repression? Evidence from Sri Lanka 
Abstract:
  While a growing body of academic literature casts doubt on the wisdom of
 authoritarian responses to labour in developing democracies, few empirical
 studies demonstrate the adverse effects of excluding organised labour from
 the policy arena or repressing trade unions in the industrial relations
 arena. This paper draws on the recent history of state-labour relations in
 Sri Lanka to help fill this gap. Beginning in the late 1970s, the Sri
 Lankan government adopted a labour-repressive export-oriented strategy of
 development. The author shows how the repression of private sector unions
 during this period destroyed the legitimacy of traditional left unions and
 the structure of institutionalised bargaining that was in place prior to
 Sri Lanka's authoritarian period. This erosion of the system of
 institutionalised bargaining eventually led workers to shift their support
 to more radical, 'new left' unions and culminated in a wave of extreme and
 violent forms of protest that chased away much needed foreign direct
 investment. The chaotic consequences of the labour repression suggest two
 primary conclusions: (a) that prior democratic mobilisation may make
 labour repression untenable over the long term; and (b) that repression
 may backfire, creating bursts of highly visible and destabilising protest
 that undermine the developmental objectives of neoliberal reforms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 830-855 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384505 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384505  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Bird 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bird 
Author-Name: Dane Rowlands 
Author-X-Name-First: Dane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlands 
Title: The IMF and the mobilisation of foreign aid 
Abstract:
  Particularly in the context of the Millennium Development Goals, there
 has been much discussion of the association between the International
 Monetary Fund and bilateral aid flows. What role should the Fund be
 playing in helping to achieve the MDGs? Some observers have suggested that
 the Fund should seek to reduce its role in poor countries and should be
 minimising its own lending. They see aid donors taking on a larger role
 and present the IMF and aid donors as substitutes. Others envisage a much
 bigger lending role for the Fund. This may hint at complementarities.
 Although this discussion raises important policy issues there are very few
 studies that examine the relationship empirically. This paper attempts to
 help fill this gap. It explores the extent to which the IMF has had a
 catalytic effect on Official Development Assistance and the potential
 channels through which catalysis might work. It finds strong evidence of a
 positive association and suggests that this may have more to do with
 conditionality than with the provision of IMF resources. But it may not
 represent catalysis in the conventional sense. There is a synergy between
 the IMF and bilateral aid that may yet be more fully developed and
 exploited. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 856-870 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701384521 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701384521  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:5:p:856-870




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisca Antman 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antman 
Author-Name: David McKenzie 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKenzie 
Title: Poverty traps and nonlinear income dynamics with measurement error and individual heterogeneity 
Abstract:
  Theories of poverty traps stand in sharp contrast to the view that
 anybody can make it through hard work and thrift. However, empirical
 detection of poverty traps is complicated by the lack of long panels,
 measurement error and attrition. This paper shows how dynamic pseudo-panel
 methods can overcome these difficulties, allowing estimation of nonlinear
 income dynamics and testing of the presence of poverty traps. The paper
 explicitly allows for heterogeneity in income dynamics, to account for the
 possibility that particular groups of individuals may face traps, even if
 the average individual does not. These methods are used to examine the
 evidence for a poverty trap in labour earnings, income and expenditure in
 urban Mexico and are compared to panel data estimates from a short
 rotating panel. The results do find evidence of nonlinearities in
 household income dynamics, and demonstrate large bias in the panel data
 estimates. Nevertheless, even after allowing for heterogeneity and
 accounting for measurement error, we find no evidence for the existence of
 a poverty trap for any group in our sample. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1057-1083 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466567 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466567  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jenn-Hwan Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jenn-Hwan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Title: From technological catch-up to innovation-based economic growth: South Korea and Taiwan compared 
Abstract:
  This paper sets out to analyse the divergent models pursued by South
 Korea and Taiwan in regard to technological catching-up and their ongoing
 transition towards innovation-based economies. It is found that South
 Korea's former high-debt and chaebol-dominated model inclined it to pursue
 a Schumpeterian scale-based technological development, while Taiwan's
 former pro-stability, small- and medium-sized-enterprise (SME)-based model
 tended to favour its emphasis on a neo-Marshallian network-based
 technological development. It will be argued that the state's approach to
 economic liberalisation and firms' demand for capital for technological
 upgrading are the major factors that have underpinned the adjustment
 efforts of these two countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1084-1104 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466609 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466609  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Chitiga 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chitiga 
Author-Name: Ramos Mabugu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mabugu 
Author-Name: Tonia Kandiero 
Author-X-Name-First: Tonia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kandiero 
Title: The impact of tariff removal on poverty in Zimbabwe: A computable general equilibrium microsimulation 
Abstract:
  The paper uses a microsimulation computable general equilibrium (CGE)
 model to study the impact on poverty of a complete removal of tariffs in
 Zimbabwe. The model incorporates 14,006 households derived from the 1995
 Poverty Assessment Study Survey. This paper's novelty is that it is one
 among a small group of papers that incorporates individual households in
 the CGE model as opposed to having representative households. Using
 individual households allows for a comprehensive analysis of poverty. The
 complete removal of tariffs favours exporting sectors. Poverty falls in
 the economy while inequality hardly changes. The results differ between
 rural and urban areas. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1105-1125 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466666 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466666  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mauricio Leon 
Author-X-Name-First: Mauricio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leon 
Author-Name: Stephen Younger 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Younger 
Title: Transfer payments, mothers' income and child health in ecuador 
Abstract:
  We evaluate the impact of the Bono Solidario, a transfer payment scheme
 in Ecuador, on children's nutritional status. In addition to testing for
 pure income effects, because the programme transferred money to mothers of
 young children, we test whether mother's income has a stronger effect on
 children's heights and weights than ordinary household income. We draw two
 main conclusions: that the Bono Solidario transfer payment scheme has had
 a statistically significant but quite modest impact on children's
 nutritional status, and that this impact is no different than any other
 income effect on height and weight. In particular, the fact that the Bono
 is transferred to mothers has not made it more efficacious at reducing
 malnutrition than other household income. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1126-1143 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466708 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466708  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Di John 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di John 
Title: Oil abundance and violent political conflict: A critical assessment 
Abstract:
  This paper addresses one of the empirical claims of the 'resource curse'
 argument, namely that oil abundance raises the probability of political
 violence. I argue that the two main theoretical premises of the
 oil-civil-war link, rent-seeking and the rentier state model, fail to
 provide a convincing argument as to why oil economies are more vulnerable
 to the onset of civil war. I find that three often-mentioned mechanisms as
 to why oil economies succumb to political violence not convincing; that
 oil economies are poor economic performers; that oil economies generate
 high corruption; and that oil economies tend to produce authoritarian
 regimes. I also examine the empirical evidence on the oil-civil-war link
 and conclude that the results are not robust. I conclude with some policy
 implications. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 961-986 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466450 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466450  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nanak Kakwani 
Author-X-Name-First: Nanak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kakwani 
Author-Name: Kalanidhi Subbarao 
Author-X-Name-First: Kalanidhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subbarao 
Title: Poverty among the elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa and the role of social pensions 
Abstract:
  Drawing on household survey information, this study delineates the
 poverty profile of the elderly in 15 low-income sub-Saharan African
 countries which include countries with a high and low prevalence of the
 HIV-AIDS pandemic. The study shows that the poverty situation of the
 elderly living with children and the elderly-headed households is much
 worse than the average in many countries. The impact of providing a social
 pension to the elderly on group-specific and national poverty head-count
 ratios and poverty gap ratios, and its fiscal implications, are analysed.
 Simulating various plausible eligibility criteria and benefit levels, the
 study concludes that while the case for an universal (untargeted) social
 pension is weak, substantial welfare gains can be obtained at a low cost
 with a social pension targeted to the poor among the elderly. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 987-1008 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466476 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466476  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:6:p:987-1008




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Denise Stanley 
Author-X-Name-First: Denise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanley 
Title: Risk management in gathering economies 
Abstract:
  This article extends the literature on the interplay of environmental
 risk and welfare into the setting of coastal fisheries gathering. It
 reviews the sources of covariate and idiosyncratic production risk
 creating income shocks to gatherers and discusses the institutions that
 best mediate shocks across different settings. We rely upon a
 principal-agent framework between larva-gathering agents employed by
 boat-owning principals who supply seed to shrimp farms. Two datasets from
 a Central American fishery are used to test the hypotheses concerning
 contractual performance across environments. Which contract provides the
 highest mean income (and variation) depends upon the underlying production
 catch data. In the farm production records dataset with strong catch
 trends, a simplified relative payments contract would perform better in
 reducing income risk in locations of stronger covariate shocks, but at the
 price of significantly lower mean earnings for gatherers. In areas of
 idiosyncratic shocks, such as localised water pollution, piece-rate
 contracts would perform better. Objective risk exposure to gatherers was
 lower under relative payments, supporting the hypotheses. Actual results
 in the Honduran case were conditioned by imperfect labour markets and the
 substitutability of hatchery larva. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1009-1036 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466492 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466492  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:6:p:1009-1036




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vasudha Chhotray 
Author-X-Name-First: Vasudha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chhotray 
Title: The 'Anti-politics machine' in India: Depoliticisation through local institution building for participatory watershed development 
Abstract:
  This article investigates the rationale and implications of creating
 non-elected community-based bodies for India's national watershed
 development programme in 1994. A discourse of depoliticisation is in use
 to justify the creation of 'apolitical' watershed committees in contrast
 to 'political' panchayats, ostensibly unsuitable for participatory
 development for their embodiment of political contestation and vested
 interests. The discourse masks conflicts between key actors in India's
 development process and is highly malleable, acquiring pertinent meanings
 in specific contexts. Case-study evidence from two project villages in a
 south Indian district shows that the attempt to depoliticise this
 programme of panchayat politics fails, but sets up the ground for
 depoliticisation of another sort, by distancing watershed project spaces
 from pro-poor progressive politics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1037-1056 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701466526 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701466526  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:6:p:1037-1056




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Agosin 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agosin 
Author-Name: Roberto Machado 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Machado 
Title: Openness and the International allocation of foreign direct investment 
Abstract:
  This paper develops an ordinal index to measure the openness of FDI
 policy regimes for individual countries. There has been a generalised
 increase in the index between 1990 and 2002. The most important
 determinants of variations in FDI flows across countries and over time are
 country size, the level of educational achievement, and growth. The
 openness index is positively associated with FDI flows, but its
 explanatory power is low. Liberalising approval procedures and lifting
 requirements that foreign companies enter into joint ventures with
 domestic firms encourage FDI. We conclude that the openness of the FDI
 regime operates as a factor enabling FDI, but that location advantages are
 paramount in determining the international allocation of FDI. We also turn
 the question around and ask what countries are more likely to impose
 restrictions on FDI. We find that lower levels of education and larger
 domestic markets are associated with greater restrictions on FDI. In
 addition, there is some evidence that better institutions are associated
 with lower FDI restrictions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1234-1247 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526410 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526410  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1234-1247




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Kneller 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kneller 
Title: No miracles here: Trade policy, fiscal policy and economic growth 
Abstract:
  In this paper we consider whether the rate of growth following trade
 liberalisation differs significantly from growth in other developing
 countries. We find that it does not. Given this result we explore whether
 these growth effects are offset by changes in other policy variables,
 namely changes in fiscal policy. Governments increase welfare spending as
 a response to greater exposure to international trade. We find evidence
 that countries that liberalise their trade regimes increase their spending
 on welfare but not other forms of expenditure. However, once we control
 for the effects of fiscal policy, trade liberalisation still has no growth
 effects. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1248-1269 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526386 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526386  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1248-1269




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samer Al-Samarrai 
Author-X-Name-First: Samer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Samarrai 
Author-Name: Paul Bennell 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennell 
Title: Where has all the education gone in sub-Saharan Africa? employment and other outcomes among secondary school and university leavers 
Abstract:
  Anecdotal evidence and generalisations abound concerning the employment
 outcomes of secondary school and university leavers, but there is very
 little solid, accurate information on what these groups in African
 countries do after they have completed their education. Using tracer
 surveys, this paper presents comprehensive time-series information on the
 activity profiles of representative samples of secondary school leavers
 and university graduates in Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. The
 paper shows that much of the anecdotal evidence surrounding the labour
 market outcomes of these groups is spurious. While employment outcomes are
 generally much better than expected, the tracer surveys highlight the
 enormous challenges of educating and subsequently utilising secondary
 school leavers and university graduates in an efficient and effective
 manner in low-income African countries. In particular, given the paucity
 of new employment opportunities in the formal sector, much more needs to
 be done in order to ensure that both these groups are better prepared for
 productive self-employment, especially in high growth and higher skill
 activities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1270-1300 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526592 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526592  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ran Tao 
Author-X-Name-First: Ran 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tao 
Author-Name: Zhigang Xu 
Author-X-Name-First: Zhigang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu 
Title: Urbanization, rural land system and social security for migrants in China 
Abstract:
  Temporary migration due to lack of social security for migrants, rural
 land tenure insecurity due to frequent land reallocation and abusive land
 requisition due to lack of functioning land markets are all major policy
 challenges that China is facing in its yet-to-be finished economic
 transition. Although there have been intensive studies and various policy
 recommendations on these issues, most discussions have so far neglected
 the close interrelationships between these issues and have failed to
 analyse them in an integrated framework. The paper aims to establish such
 an analytical framework. By taking into account the impacts of China's
 characteristics, that is a large developing country in transition, on the
 country's migration and rural land policies, we propose a policy package
 to address these challenges in a holistic manner. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1301-1320 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526659 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526659  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1301-1320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Baulch 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch 
Author-Name: Truong Thi Kim Chuyen 
Author-X-Name-First: Truong Thi Kim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chuyen 
Author-Name: Dominique Haughton 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haughton 
Author-Name: Jonathan Haughton 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haughton 
Title: Ethnic minority development in Vietnam 
Abstract:
  This study examines the disparities in living standards between and among
 the different ethnic groups in Vietnam. Using data from the Vietnam Living
 Standards Surveys and 1999 Census, we show that 'majority' Kinh and Hoa
 households have substantially higher living standards than 'minority'
 households from Vietnam's 52 other ethnic groups. While the Kinh, Hoa,
 Khmer and Northern Highland Minorities benefited from economic growth in
 the 1990s, the position of the Central Highland Minorities stagnated.
 Decompositions show that even if minority households had the same
 endowments as Kinh households, this would close no more than a third of
 the gap in their per capita expenditures. While some ethnic minorities
 seem to be doing well out of a strategy of assimilating with the Kinh-Hoa
 majority, others groups are attempting to integrate economically while
 retaining distinct cultural identities, and a third group is largely being
 left behind by the growth process. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1151-1176 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/02673030701526278 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02673030701526278  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1151-1176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredrik Carlsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlsson 
Author-Name: Pham Khanh Nam 
Author-X-Name-First: Pham Khanh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nam 
Author-Name: Martin Linde-Rahr 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Linde-Rahr 
Author-Name: Peter Martinsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinsson 
Title: Are Vietnamese farmers concerned with their relative position in society? 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the attitude towards relative position or status
 among rural households in Vietnam. On average, respondents show rather
 weak preferences for relative position. Possible explanations are the
 emphasis on the importance of equality and that villagers are very
 concerned with how the local community perceives their actions. We also
 investigate what influences the concern for relative position and find,
 among other things, that if anyone from the household is a member of the
 Peoples Committee then the respondent is more concerned with the relative
 position. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1177-1188 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526303 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526303  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1177-1188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guillermo Cruces 
Author-X-Name-First: Guillermo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruces 
Author-Name: Quentin Wodon 
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wodon 
Title: Risk-adjusted poverty in Argentina: measurement and determinants 
Abstract:
  This paper presents a methodology for adjusting measures of income and
 poverty for the risk faced by a household. The approach draws on the
 standard economic concept of risk aversion, and it is based on the
 intuition that households will prefer a steady stream of income to a
 variable one with the same mean. Relying on a Constant Relative Risk
 Aversion utility function, we use panel data for Argentina to compute
 risk-adjusted income and poverty measures. At the aggregate level, we find
 that taking risk into account substantially increases the poverty
 headcount. Moreover, a regression analysis suggests that many household
 characteristics are correlated not only with the average income of the
 household over time, but also with its variability. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1189-1214 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526329 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526329  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1189-1214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sudha Vasan 
Author-X-Name-First: Sudha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasan 
Title: Timber access in the Indian Himalaya: Rethinking social capital in public policy 
Abstract:
  Timber access in Himachal Pradesh (India) is formally regulated by state
 policy. However, actual access is determined through a complex network of
 informal social relations developed and maintained over time, which form a
 critical resource that allows particular forms of capital accumulation.
 This essay shows that the nature of policy execution in India necessitates
 the development and use of this type of social capital. However, existing
 social hierarchies compartmentalise social space and create differential
 opportunities for social agents to establish and nurture such networks.
 While supporting critiques of currently popular understandings of social
 capital that draw on Putnam and Coleman, this essay makes a case for the
 relevance of Bourdieu's conception of social capital in understanding the
 process of social differentiation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1215-1233 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701526360 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701526360  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:7:p:1215-1233




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaveri Gill 
Author-X-Name-First: Kaveri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gill 
Title: Interlinked contracts and social power: Patronage and exploitation in India's waste recovery market 
Abstract:
  Interlinked contracts have been examined almost exclusively in the
 context of the rural sphere. This article describes the nature of exchange
 regimes between two sets of primary collectors of recyclable waste, that
 is, waste pickers and itinerant buyers, and their dealers, in the city of
 Delhi. Far from the casualised labour transaction commonly described for
 the unorganised urban sector, the findings portray a picture of
 personalised and surprisingly long-term exchange between the parties.
 While a new institutional economics approach might explain the underlying
 motivation and consequent general form of the implicit contracts, it
 cannot explain the differential nature of each. It is suggested that in
 order to do that a political economy approach must be taken. This would
 understand interlinked transactions as being embedded within and
 consequently influenced by the particular social context, in this case of
 an inequitable and impermeable caste hierarchy amongst those that engage
 in waste work. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1448-1474 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611519 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611519  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1448-1474




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chad Meyerhoefer 
Author-X-Name-First: Chad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyerhoefer 
Author-Name: David Sahn 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sahn 
Author-Name: Stephen Younger 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Younger 
Title: The joint demand for health care, leisure, and commodities: Implications for health care finance and access in Vietnam 
Abstract:
  This paper explores linkages between the demand for health care providers
 and the consumption of food, non-food goods, and leisure in Vietnam, using
 a mixed continuous/discrete dependent variable model. Cross-price
 elasticities calculated from the model suggest there are strong
 substitution effects between health care, leisure, and certain
 commodities. The model allows us to explore the implications of replacing
 user fees with alternative forms of health care finance, such as commodity
 taxes. In particular, the results suggest financing public health care
 services with a non-food sales tax rather than user fees would be more
 progressive and would improve access to care. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1475-1500 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611527 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611527  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1475-1500




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Neumayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neumayer 
Title: Do double taxation treaties increase foreign direct investment to developing countries? 
Abstract:
  Developing countries invest time and other scarce resources to negotiate
 and conclude double taxation treaties (DTTs) with developed countries.
 They also accept a loss of tax revenue as such treaties typically favour
 residence-based over source-based taxation and developing countries are
 typically net capital importers. The incurred costs will only pay off if
 developing countries can expect to receive more foreign direct investment
 (FDI) in return. This is the first study to provide evidence that
 developing countries that have signed a DTT with the US or a higher number
 of DTTs with important capital exporters actually do receive more FDI from
 the US and in total. However, DTTs are only effective in the group of
 middle-, not low-income developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1501-1519 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611535 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611535  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1501-1519




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wil Hout 
Author-X-Name-First: Wil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hout 
Title: Development under patrimonial conditions: Suriname's state oil company as a development agent 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the conditions under which the Surinamese State Oil
 Company (Staatsolie) has been consolidated, not only as an oil producer,
 but also as a development agent. Staatsolie's chances of success seemed
 rather slim at its creation in the early 1980s, mainly because of the
 non-developmental, patrimonial character of Surinamese politics and the
 nature of Suriname's state, which has traditionally been oriented toward
 patronage and clientelism. The analysis documents the origins of
 Staatsolie and focuses on its commitment to the acquisition and further
 development of technological and managerial expertise. At present,
 Staatsolie ranks among the most successful companies in Suriname and its
 contributions to the economy of this small middle-income country are
 considerable. The success of Staatsolie's attempt to become a development
 agent is attributed, in particular, to the company's double strategy. The
 internal part of this strategy, derived from the management vision and
 ideological commitment of the company's leadership, was aimed at
 developing technological and management skills. The external part of the
 strategy was aimed at steering away from political influences on the
 company and playing out, politically, the formal-legal position of the
 firm in the petroleum sector. After 25 years of Staatsolie, it is argued
 that the same factors that were responsible for the company's success may
 turn out to be the main challenges for the years ahead. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1331-1350 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611469 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611469  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1331-1350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Horrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrell 
Author-Name: Pramila Krishnan 
Author-X-Name-First: Pramila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan 
Title: Poverty and productivity in female-headed households in Zimbabwe 
Abstract:
  A household survey conducted in rural Zimbabwe in 2001 is used to compare
 the position of de facto and de jure female-headed households to those
 with a male head. These households are characterised by different forms of
 poverty that impinge on their ability to improve agricultural
 productivity. However, once inputs are accounted for, it is only for
 growing cotton that female-headed households' productivity is lower than
 that found for male-headed households. General poverty alleviation
 policies will benefit the female-headed household but specific
 interventions via extension services and access to marketing consortia are
 also indicated. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1351-1380 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611477 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611477  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1351-1380




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arup Maharatna 
Author-X-Name-First: Arup 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maharatna 
Title: Population, economy and society in West Bengal since the 1970s 
Abstract:
  West Bengal, a major state of eastern India, is conspicuous not only for
 being ruled by an elected Leftist coalition since 1977 (often described as
 sound 'political stability'), but also for its widely acknowledged
 successes in fertility transition, execution of redistributive land reform
 and political decentralisation programmes. Ironically, however, the state,
 in almost all comparative assessments of social, human and infrastructural
 developments occupies a lagged position vis-a-vis many other states,
 especially in the south and even against all-India records. This paper
 seeks to examine this paradox by comprehensively evaluating West Bengal's
 relative performance in demographic and socio-economic transformations. A
 well-disciplined grassroots political mobilisation network, and the
 machinery of the Left Front parties, have been highly instrumental for
 comparatively fast declines of fertility and population growth and for
 lasting political stability in an otherwise 'laggard' development regime.
 However, a government geared to ensuring mass electoral support
 overwhelmingly via a grassroots mobilisation network but, with a relative
 neglect of social movements, economic infrastructure and human
 development, is likely to suffer adverse consequences in the longer term. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1381-1422 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611485 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611485  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1381-1422




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Sabates-Wheeler 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabates-Wheeler 
Title: Safety in small numbers: Local strategies for survival and growth in Romania and the Kyrgyz Republic 
Abstract:
  Using a comparative study of farm households from poor rural communities
 in Kyrgyzstan and north-east Romania this paper explores the intricacies
 of a variety of forms of cooperation in agriculture. The findings
 highlight the safety net, labour specialisation, asset-pooling and service
 delivery functions of different groups that enable rural livelihoods to,
 at times, cope and at times improve in situations of imperfect
 information, sluggish labour and land markets, and constrained capital
 markets. The research presented here indicates that small to medium forms
 of cooperation provide the rural poor with predictable livelihood
 strategies under conditions of uncertainty. Specifically, cooperative
 action, in the form of groups, substitutes for imperfect markets. Despite
 the push for decollectivisation and privatisation across transition
 countries there remains a place for encouraging group initiatives, at
 least for the medium term, on the grounds of both poverty alleviation and
 agricultural growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1423-1447 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701611501 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701611501  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:43:y:2007:i:8:p:1423-1447




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick McEwan 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: McEwan 
Title: Can Schools Reduce the Indigenous Test Score Gap? Evidence from Chile 
Abstract:
  In Chile, indigenous students obtain lower test scores, on average, than
 non-indigenous students. Between two cohorts of eighth-graders in the late
 1990s, the test score gap declined by 0.1 to 0.2 standard deviations. An
 Oaxaca decomposition and related descriptive evidence suggest that the
 most plausible explanation is related to Chile's large-scale school
 reforms that were targeted at low-achieving schools and students. The
 paper evaluates and rules out alternate explanations such as relative
 improvements in indigenous socioeconomic status, and sorting of indigenous
 students between schools. The results highlight a potential lever for
 reducing earnings gaps between indigenous and nonindigenous adults. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1506-1530 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265223 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265223  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:10:p:1506-1530




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandra Sookram 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sookram 
Author-Name: Patrick Kent Watson 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Kent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Watson 
Title: Small-Business Participation in the Informal Sector of an Emerging Economy 
Abstract:
  We investigate the characteristics of the owners of small businesses that
 participate in the informal sector of an emerging economy and their
 perception of the risk of detection by tax authorities while doing so.
 Data are gathered from a survey covering 1027 small businesses in Trinidad
 and Tobago. Results suggest that small business owners are motivated to
 participate in the informal sector when they believe that the risk of
 detection by the tax authorities is low and that government regulations
 are burdensome, but there is no evidence that the tax rate itself is an
 issue. Their perception of the risk of detection by the tax authority is
 determined largely by the time they spend and the income they earn in the
 formal sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1531-1553 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265520 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265520  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:10:p:1531-1553




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mak Arvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvin 
Title: Greening Aid? Understanding the Environmental Impact of Development Assistance 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1554-1555 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802496083 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802496083  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:10:p:1554-1555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Nolan 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nolan 
Title: In Defence of Labour Market Institutions 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1555-1557 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802496091 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802496091  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:10:p:1555-1557




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Kirkup 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkup 
Title: Development, Security and Unending War: Governing the World of Peoples 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1557-1558 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802496067 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802496067  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:10:p:1557-1558




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Economists with Guns: Authoritarian Development and US-Indonesian Relations. 1960-1968 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1559-1560 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802496075 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802496075  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rahul Mukherji 
Author-X-Name-First: Rahul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherji 
Title: The Politics of Telecommunications Regulation: State-Industry Alliance Favouring Foreign Investment in India 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the political economy of three significant policy
 decisions of the Congress-United Progressive Alliance government between
 November 2005 and February 2006. These decisions improved the regulatory
 incentives for the smaller and efficient firms in the Indian GSM industry,
 which were heavily dependent on foreign investment for their expansion.
 India's telecommunications sector became more attractive to foreign
 investors as a result of these regulatory changes. This was a notable
 departure from the past when government policy had favoured large domestic
 investors using CDMA technology who were not dependent on foreign capital.
 A globalisation friendly policy change occurred after a Centre-Left United
 Progressive Alliance coalition came to power. The paper argues that these
 decisions, which promoted both competition and foreign investment,
 occurred due to the increased sensitivity of the Department of
 Telecommunications towards the needs of the relatively smaller GSM service
 providers, driven by considerations of efficiency. They were not driven by
 a crisis of private investment, foreign pressure, or stealth. The shift
 occurred in normal times when the Department of Telecommunications under a
 persistent ministerial stewardship took on a regulator, which was less
 interested in engineering this shift. This globalisation-friendly strategy
 depended to a large extent on the particular industrial sub-sector that
 the ruling party or coalition supported for spreading telecommunications
 in India. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1405-1423 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802358499 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802358499  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mahvash Saeed Qureshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Mahvash Saeed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qureshi 
Author-Name: Guanghua Wan 
Author-X-Name-First: Guanghua 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wan 
Title: Distributional Consequences of Globalisation: Empirical Evidence from Panel Data 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the impact of globalisation on cross-country
 inequality using a large panel dataset. The findings reveal that location
 and capital are the main determinants of inequality; trade intensity and
 foreign direct investment make only a small contribution (approximately
 4%). The relative contributions of trade and foreign direct investment to
 inequality have changed little over time and have certainly not increased
 at the same rate as the rise in global trade and investment activity.
 Hence, globalisation does not emerge as a significant factor in driving
 cross-country inequality. Differences emerge when countries are grouped by
 relative income, but the main findings persist. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1424-1449 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265637 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265637  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wolfram Dressler 
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfram 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dressler 
Author-Name: Sarah Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: The Persistence of Social Differentiation in the Philippine Uplands 
Abstract:
  Certain drivers of social and economic differences facilitate the
 reification of ethnic identity between so-called uplanders and lowlanders
 on Palawan Island in the Philippines. Drawing on case studies, in this
 paper we examine how two seemingly distinct social
 groups&#xa0;-&#xa0;Christian migrants and indigenous
 Tagbanua&#xa0;-&#xa0;use their respective positions in society to mark
 differences in ethnic identity and livelihoods. We then argue that as
 non-governmental organisations build on notions of indigeneity as a means
 to facilitate their programmes, they further reinforce how each group
 articulates difference. We demonstrate that the tendency of NGOs to
 construct and reify notions of indigeneity in support of land claims and
 conservation has in fact polarised ethnic differences and, in turn,
 reinforced inequality between each group. We conclude that although
 non-governmental organisations have tried to remedy social and economic
 disparities between social groups, their simplification of local ways of
 life reinforces stereotypes of these people and their land uses. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1450-1473 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802360966 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802360966  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mala Lalvani 
Author-X-Name-First: Mala 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lalvani 
Title: Sugar Co-operatives in Maharashtra: A Political Economy Perspective 
Abstract:
  The origins of the powerful sugar lobby in Maharashtra date back to the
 1950s. Post Independence, cooperatives formed an integral part of the
 Congress vision of 'rural development with local initiative'. A 'special'
 status was accorded to the sugar cooperatives and the government assumed
 the role of a mentor by acting as a stakeholder, guarantor and regulator.
 Persistence of the maze of regulations instituted five decades ago,
 despite its stated rationale being thwarted, suggests that it is
 maintained by entrenched vested interests. This paper calls for a fresh
 start with minimal regulations. The teething problems and initial market
 failures that may occur cannot be worse than the continuing saga of
 government failure. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1474-1505 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265108 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265108  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorg Mayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer 
Author-Name: Pilar Fajarnes 
Author-X-Name-First: Pilar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fajarnes 
Title: Tripling Africa's Primary Exports: What, How, Where? 
Abstract:
  Income growth in Africa that is high enough to achieve the
 internationally agreed development goals implies a rise in the region's
 per capita income by the early 2020s to about Latin America's current
 level. The paper shows that such income growth would be associated roughly
 with a nine-fold increase in Africa's manufactured exports, but also with
 a tripling of its primary exports, which in absolute terms would account
 for two-thirds of the increase in the region's total exports. Focusing on
 the demand potential for such an increase in Africa's primary exports, the
 paper argues that rising global demand from sustained rapid growth in
 natural-resource-poor Asian countries, particularly China, provides
 sizeable new opportunities for Africa's primary exports. In Africa,
 extractive industries are poised best to benefit directly from China's
 rising imports, while exporters of agricultural products are more likely
 to benefit indirectly from rising world market prices associated with
 Asia's growing primary imports. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 80-102 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701722324 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701722324  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Brockington 
Author-X-Name-First: Dan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brockington 
Title: Corruption, Taxation and Natural Resource Management in Tanzania 
Abstract:
  Democratic decentralisation of natural resource management requires
 careful attention to the distribution of power, devolved accountability
 and institutional design. However, even if all these elements are well
 crafted, failures in efficiency, equity and service delivery are possible
 because of the way institutions of government are lived out in the
 practice of day-to-day life. This paper presents a detailed account of the
 performance of local government in Tanzania. It demonstrates remarkable
 deficiencies in the workings of local government taxation and service
 delivery, despite the well structured, downwardly accountable nature of
 local government. It considers the implications of these failures for
 calls for community-based conservation, and the importance of good
 institutional design in effective decentralisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 103-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701722332 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701722332  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:1:p:103-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Tardanico 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tardanico 
Title: Post-Civil War San Salvador: Social Inequalities of Household and Basic Infrastructure in a Central American City 
Abstract:
  Problems of social inequality and poverty remain daunting in post-civil
 war El Salvador. The challenges of social rebuilding and political
 democratisation in the capital city of San Salvador inform this paper's
 analysis of a sample survey on inequalities of household and basic
 infrastructure. The analysis places San Salvador at the nexus of two
 comparative-theoretical frameworks: cities, basic infrastructure and world
 economy; and political economy of livelihoods. For eventual comparison
 with other Central American cities, the paper uses regression models to
 depict household configurations of macro-structural and
 socio-institutional assets with regard to inequalities of selected
 components of basic infrastructure. The discussion explores implications
 for Salvadoran post-civil war social reconstruction as well as for
 comparative research on Central American cities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 127-152 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701722340 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701722340  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:1:p:127-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ken Shadlen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ken 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shadlen 
Title: Globalisation, Power and Integration: The Political Economy of Regional and Bilateral Trade Agreements in the Americas 
Abstract:
  This article explores the dynamics of regional economic integration in
 the Americas. Economic globalisation, or an increased volume of trade and
 investment and increased mobility of capital, presents developing
 countries with new opportunities and challenges. In particular, the
 emergence of south-east Asia as a major site for the production and export
 of manufactured goods has generated intense competition among developing
 countries for foreign investment and export-market shares. In this
 article, globalisation and ensuing competition is linked to the process of
 economic integration between the United States and countries of Latin
 America and the Caribbean. Fundamental changes in global patterns of
 investment and trade, in combination with international and domestic power
 asymmetries, contribute to the spread and proliferation of regional and
 bilateral trade agreements (RBTAs) between the United States and its
 hemispheric neighbours. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/13562570701722089 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13562570701722089  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arslan Razmi 
Author-X-Name-First: Arslan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Razmi 
Author-Name: Robert Blecker 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blecker 
Title: Developing Country Exports of Manufactures: Moving Up the Ladder to Escape the Fallacy of Composition? 
Abstract:
  This paper tests for a 'fallacy of composition' by analysing the demand
 for exports of the 18 developing countries that are most specialised in
 manufactures in the markets of the 10 largest industrial countries.
 Estimated export equations (both time-series and panel data) suggest that
 most developing countries compete with other developing country exporters
 rather than with industrialised country producers. A smaller number of
 countries that export more high-technology products compete with
 industrialised country producers and also have higher expenditure
 elasticities for their exports. Thus, the fallacy of composition applies
 mainly to the larger group of countries exporting mostly low-technology
 products. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 21-48 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/13562570701722113 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13562570701722113  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maurice Schiff 
Author-X-Name-First: Maurice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schiff 
Author-Name: Yanling Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Yanling 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Title: North-South and South-South Trade-Related Technology Diffusion: How Important Are They in Improving TFP Growth? 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the impact on total factor productivity (TFP) growth
 in the South of North-South and South-South trade-related technology
 diffusion and of foreign direct investment (FDI). North-South and
 South-South trade-related research and development (R&D) stocks are
 constructed based on industry-specific R&D in the North, North-South and
 South-South trade patterns, and input-output relations in the South. The
 main findings are: 1. Both North-South and South-South trade-related R&D
 have a positive impact on TFP growth in the South; 2. FDI has a positive,
 though smaller, impact on TFP growth; 3. The impact on TFP growth of
 trade-related technology diffusion increases with the level of education
 in the case of North-South trade but not in the case of South-South trade. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 49-59 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701722282 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701722282  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rhys Jenkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhys 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenkins 
Title: Trade, Technology and Employment in South Africa 
Abstract:
  South Africa has become increasingly integrated with the global economy
 since the early 1990s and particularly after the ending of apartheid.
 However this has not been associated with increased employment and high
 levels of unemployment are a major economic and social problem. The paper
 considers the impact of trade and technological change on both the level
 and skill composition of manufacturing employment. First a Chenery-type
 decomposition analysis of employment change is carried out and then labour
 demand functions are estimated econometrically. Both trade and technology
 are found to have had a negative impact on employment but these are only
 partial explanations of the low rate of employment growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 60-79 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701722308 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701722308  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten 
Author-Name: Dick Durevall 
Author-X-Name-First: Dick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Durevall 
Title: Factor Proportions, Openness and Factor Prices in Kenya 1965-2000 
Abstract:
  This study analyses how changes in factor abundance and openness have
 affected relative factor prices in Kenya since 1965, using cointegration
 analysis and error correction models of relative factor prices. We find
 that factor proportions determined relative factor prices in the long run,
 while openness, measured by three different proxies, possibly had a short
 run effect on relative factor returns. The only deviation from this
 pattern occurred during the latter half of the 1990s when there was rapid
 wage growth, mainly due to labour market deregulation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 289-310 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701789976 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701789976  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvia Chant 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chant 
Title: The 'Feminisation of Poverty' and the 'Feminisation' of Anti-Poverty Programmes: Room for Revision? 
Abstract:
  The construct of the 'feminisation of poverty' has helped to give gender
 an increasingly prominent place within international discourses on poverty
 and poverty reduction. Yet the way in which gender has been incorporated
 pragmatically&#xa0;-&#xa0;predominantly through the 'feminisation' of
 anti-poverty programmes&#xa0;-&#xa0;has rarely relieved women of the onus
 of coping with poverty in their households, and has sometimes exacerbated
 their burdens. In order to explore how and why this is the case, as well
 as to sharpen the methodological and conceptual parameters of the
 'feminisation of poverty' thesis, this paper examines four main questions.
 First, what are the common understandings of the 'feminisation of
 poverty'? Second, what purposes have been served by the popularisation and
 adoption of this term? Third, what problems are there with the
 'feminisation of poverty' analytically, and in respect of how the
 construct has been taken up and responded to in policy circles? Fourth,
 how do we make the 'feminisation of poverty' more relevant to women's
 lives&#xa0;-&#xa0;and empowerment&#xa0;-&#xa0;at the grassroots? Foremost
 among my conclusions is that since the main indications of feminisation
 relate to women's mounting responsibilities and obligations in household
 survival we need to re-orient the 'feminisation of poverty' thesis so that
 it better reflects inputs as well as incomes, and emphasises not only
 women's level or share of poverty but the burden of dealing with it.
 Another, related, conclusion is that just as much as women are often
 recruited into rank-and-file labour in anti-poverty programmes,
 'co-responsibility' should not be a one-way process. This requires, inter
 alia, the more active support of men, employers and public institutions in
 domestic labour and unpaid care work. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 165-197 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701789810 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701789810  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Author-Name: Dennis Rodgers 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodgers 
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock 
Title: The Fiction of Development: Literary Representation as a Source of Authoritative Knowledge 
Abstract:
  This article introduces and explores issues regarding the question of
 what constitute valid forms of development knowledge, focusing in
 particular on the relationship between fictional writing on development
 and more formal academic and policy-oriented representations of
 development issues. We challenge certain conventional notions about the
 nature of knowledge, narrative authority and representational form, and
 explore these by comparing and contrasting selected works of recent
 literary fiction that touch on development issues with academic and
 policy-related representations of the development process, thereby
 demonstrating the value of taking literary perspectives on development
 seriously. We find that not only are certain works of fiction 'better'
 than academic or policy research in representing central issues relating
 to development but they also frequently reach a wider audience and are
 therefore more influential. Moreover, the line between fact and fiction is
 a very fine one, and there can be significant advantages to fictional
 writing over non-fiction. The article also provides an Appendix of
 relevant works of fiction that we hope academics and practitioners will
 find both useful and enjoyable. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 198-216 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701789828 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701789828  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:2:p:198-216




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Reyes-Garcia 
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reyes-Garcia 
Author-Name: Thomas McDade 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: McDade 
Author-Name: Vincent Vadez 
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vadez 
Author-Name: Tomas Huanca 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huanca 
Author-Name: William Leonard 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leonard 
Author-Name: Susan Tanner 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanner 
Author-Name: Ricardo Godoy 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godoy 
Title: Non-market Returns to Traditional Human Capital: Nutritional Status and Traditional Knowledge in a Native Amazonian Society 
Abstract:
  In industrial economies schooling produces positive non-market returns
 but do traditional forms of human capital also produce such returns, and
 do schooling and traditional human capital act as complements or
 substitutes in their association with well-being? Drawing on data from 450
 adults (16+ years of age) from an indigenous Amazonian society in Bolivia,
 we estimate the association between traditional plant knowledge and
 nutritional status as measured by body-mass index. After conditioning for
 many covariates, we find that doubling an adult's traditional knowledge is
 associated with a mean improvement in BMI of 6.3 per cent; the association
 is stronger for unschooled adults and for those living far from the market
 town. Though schooling bore a negative association with traditional
 knowledge, those two forms of human capital had independent associations
 with BMI. The analysis suggests that schooling does not necessarily
 undermine the accumulation of traditional knowledge. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 217-232 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701789901 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701789901  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:2:p:217-232




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rubiana Chamarbagwala 
Author-X-Name-First: Rubiana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamarbagwala 
Title: Regional Returns to Education, Child Labour and Schooling in India 
Abstract:
  We offer evidence from India that higher regional returns to primary
 education not only increase the likelihood that boys and girls attend
 school but also decrease the likelihood that they work. These
 relationships hold only for the top three quintiles of the income
 distribution and mostly for children in the age group 10-14 years. The
 former result suggests that liquidity constraints may not allow poorer
 households to respond to the economic benefits of education. Policies that
 raise the economic benefits of education may increase human capital
 investments in households that do not rely on their children's incomes for
 survival. However, low schooling and high child labour will persist among
 credit constrained families unless these households are provided with the
 economic ability to respond to these benefits. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 233-257 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701789935 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701789935  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samer Al-Samarrai 
Author-X-Name-First: Samer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Samarrai 
Author-Name: Barry Reilly 
Author-X-Name-First: Barry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reilly 
Title: Education, Employment and Earnings of Secondary School and University Leavers in Tanzania: Evidence from a Tracer Study 
Abstract:
  This study uses a tracer survey of secondary school completers in
 Tanzania to analyse the impact of educational qualifications on labour
 market earnings. We show that the rates of return to the highest
 educational qualifications for wage employees are not negligible and, at
 the margin, provide an investment incentive. However, we find little
 evidence of human capital effects in the earnings determination process
 for the self-employment sector. Introducing controls for father's
 educational background and a set of school fixed effects designed to proxy
 for school quality and potential labour market network effects reduces the
 estimated rates of return to educational qualifications. A comparison of
 our results with the available evidence from other countries in the region
 suggest that, despite an extremely small secondary and university
 education system, the private rates of return to education in the
 Tanzanian wage employment sector are comparatively low. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 258-288 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701789950 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701789950  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:2:p:258-288




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiangming Fang 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangming 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fang 
Author-Name: Rodney Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Barriers to Efficiency and the Privatisation of Township-Village Enterprises 
Abstract:
  Qian (2000) and others suggest that post-1994 tax and banking reforms in
 China, combined with the development of markets for allocating resources,
 influenced the economic performance of township-village enterprises (TVEs)
 and private enterprises (PEs). This paper uses Chinese provincial level
 data to search for evidence of advantages and/or disadvantages offered to
 TVEs and PEs before and after the 1994 reforms. We define a sectoral net
 income-based measure of overall efficiency and decompose the measure into
 components that highlight the existence of credit constraints, output
 target constraints and labour hiring constraints. The results offer
 empirical support for Qian and others explanation of why private
 enterprises eventually emerged as the dominant institution for allocating
 resources in post-1994 rural China. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 409-424 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848483 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701848483  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:409-424




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shui-Yan Tang 
Author-X-Name-First: Shui-Yan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tang 
Author-Name: Xueyong Zhan 
Author-X-Name-First: Xueyong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhan 
Title: Civic Environmental NGOs, Civil Society, and Democratisation in China 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the potential role of civic environmental NGOs in
 China's democratisation. Based on interviews with 31 NGO officials, the
 paper examines the origins, structures, and functions of civic
 environmental NGOs in China. It also examines how various political and
 resource constraints have shaped their development. While having made
 progress in organising educational campaigns and specific conservation
 projects, civic environmental NGOs have been less successful in
 influencing government decisions and official behaviours. Most recently,
 some NGOs have made limited progress on these fronts by maintaining a
 largely non-oppositional stance towards government and by utilising
 various formal and information channels for influencing government
 decisions. NGO leaders will have to negotiate with different party-state
 entities in defining their precise roles in the political process. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 425-448 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848541 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701848541  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:425-448




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Camilo Cardenas 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Camilo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardenas 
Author-Name: Jeffrey Carpenter 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carpenter 
Title: Behavioural Development Economics: Lessons from Field Labs in the Developing World 
Abstract:
  Explanations of poverty, growth and development depend on the assumptions
 made about individual preferences and the willingness to engage in
 strategic behaviour. Economic experiments, especially those conducted in
 the field, have begun to paint a picture of economic agents in developing
 communities that is at variance with the traditional portrait. We review
 this growing literature with an eye towards preference-related experiments
 conducted in the field. We also offer lessons on what development
 economists might learn from experiments. We conclude by sharing our
 thoughts on how to conduct experiments in the field and then offer a few
 ideas for future research. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 311-338 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848327 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701848327  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:311-338




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. A. Brett 
Author-X-Name-First: E. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brett 
Title: State Failure and Success in Uganda and Zimbabwe: The Logic of Political Decay and Reconstruction in Africa 
Abstract:
  This article uses the post-colonial experiences of Uganda and Zimbabwe to
 demonstrate both the strengths and weaknesses of competing theoretical
 explanations for problems of state and economic failure in Africa. It
 shows that they all explain some but not all of these processes. It
 demonstrates the crucial role of contextual circumstances and ongoing
 structural changes in each country in determining the success or failure
 of policy regimes and, of current prospects for a long-term transformation
 to liberal democratic capitalism. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 339-364 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848350 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701848350  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:339-364




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ariel Barraud 
Author-X-Name-First: Ariel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barraud 
Author-Name: German Calfat 
Author-X-Name-First: German 
Author-X-Name-Last: Calfat 
Title: Poverty Effects from Trade Liberalisation in Argentina 
Abstract:
  This paper aims at analysing the linkages between trade liberalisation
 and poverty in Argentina. Under a specific-factors setting, a two-step
 procedure is presented. In the first stage the change in prices of goods
 and factors in both tradable and non-tradable sectors, after a trade
 liberalisation episode, is considered. In a second step, these variations
 are applied to assess the changes in poverty and household welfare. A
 micro simulation approach, using household survey data, is applied in this
 last stage. Poverty is reduced as a result of the policy and the
 households that benefit from this reduction are those linked to the
 non-tradable sectors. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 365-383 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848392 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701848392  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:365-383




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Priya Sangameswaran 
Author-X-Name-First: Priya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sangameswaran 
Title: Community Formation, 'Ideal' Villages and Watershed Development in Western India 
Abstract:
  This paper discusses how the vision of an 'ideal village' is used in the
 construction of feelings of community in a watershed development project
 in India. What constitutes the notion of idealness and how it emerges in a
 particular context is determined by a number of factors. The discussion of
 the working of two aspects of the project&#xa0;-&#xa0;voluntary labour and
 watershed-plus measures&#xa0;-&#xa0;brings out the usefulness of such a
 vision in community-formation, even though different actors involved in
 these aspects are also motivated by factors other than idealness. Further,
 the successful working of these aspects also indirectly re-enforces the
 notion of idealness, although critical engagement with it is sometimes
 limited by the focus on community-making. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 384-408 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848426 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380701848426  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:384-408




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthieu Chemin 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthieu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chemin 
Title: The Benefits and Costs of Microfinance: Evidence from Bangladesh 
Abstract:
			   Using the latest developments from the
 evaluation literature, namely the technique of matching, this paper shows
 a positive, but lower than previously thought, effect of microfinance on
 expenditure per capita, supply of labour, and level of school enrolment
 for boys and girls. For instance, participants spend 3 per cent more on
 average than non-participants in control villages. This paper also takes
 into account repayment delays to calculate the cost of credit provision.
 It shows how a better investigation at the individual level of the
 benefits brought and the cost borne could help microfinance institutions
 to better select their customers.			       <bold>JEL
 Classification</bold>		      <italic>: C14, D10, G21, I38, O12,
 O16</italic>			    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 463-484 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380701846735 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380701846735 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:463-484




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikkel Barslund 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikkel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barslund 
Author-Name: Finn Tarp 
Author-X-Name-First: Finn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp 
Title: Formal and Informal Rural Credit in Four Provinces of Vietnam 
Abstract:
			   This paper uses a survey of 932 rural households
 to uncover how the rural credit market operates in Vietnam. Households
 obtain credit through formal and informal lenders. Formal loans are almost
 entirely for production and asset accumulation, while informal loans are
 used for consumption smoothening. The determinants of formal and informal
 credit demand are distinct. While credit rationing depends on education
 and credit history, in particular, regional differences in the demand for
 credit are striking. A 'one size fits all' approach to credit policy in
 Vietnam would be inappropriate.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 485-503 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380801980798 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380801980798 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:485-503




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gwendolyn Alexander Tedeschi 
Author-X-Name-First: Gwendolyn Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tedeschi 
Title: Overcoming Selection Bias in Microcredit Impact Assessments: A Case Study in Peru 
Abstract:
			   There are several potential sources of bias in
 microcredit impact assessments. This paper uses a panel data set from a
 Peruvian MFI to test for impact of credit on microenterprise profits,
 while controlling for these biases. We find that those who will eventually
 become borrowers have significantly higher incomes than those who will not
 become borrowers, implying that selection into the lending programme is a
 substantial problem. After controlling for this selection, we find that an
 average microentrepreneur who borrows earns significantly higher
 enterprise profits than one who does not borrow, and that na�ve models,
 which do not control for selection, overestimate this impact. Fixed
 effects estimates give roughly the same results as the quasi-experimental
 cross-section analysis.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 504-518 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380801980822 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380801980822 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:504-518




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: David A 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Author-Name: Mozaffar Qizilbash 
Author-X-Name-First: Mozaffar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qizilbash 
Title: Core Poverty, Vagueness and Adaptation: A New Methodology and Some Results for South Africa 
Abstract:
			   Amartya Sen has argued that poverty is a vague
 concept. This paper develops a methodology for applying a framework which
 uses a 'supervaluationist' account of vagueness in the context of poverty.
 Within this framework people or households are termed 'core poor' if there
 is no ambiguity about whether or not they are poor. The framework is
 applied using data from a survey on the 'Essentials of Life' conducted in
 three locations in South Africa in 2001. The methodology relates the data
 to the framework using an insight of Max Black's. While the application of
 the methodology is, in its very nature, somewhat arbitrary, we illustrate
 how it can lead to an estimate of core poverty which differs from standard
 measures of the 'ultra-poor' and 'most deprived'. Finally, the possibility
 that respondents may have adapted to their living conditions is
 investigated. A first look at the data does not provide conclusive
 evidence of such adaptation.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 519-544 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380801980855 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380801980855 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:519-544




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Copestake 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Copestake 
Title: Multiple Dimensions of Social Assistance: The Case of Peru's 'Glass of Milk' Programme 
Abstract:
			   Social assistance has attracted renewed interest
 in countries where economic growth is doing too little on its own to
 address high levels of income inequality and poverty. Research into the
 material effects of such programmes is important but can be misleading if
 it fails to capture their full meaning to intended beneficiaries and other
 stakeholders. This is illustrated by a case study of Peru's 'glass of
 milk' programme, drawing on mostly qualitative evidence of its material,
 social and cultural dimensions. The programme is found to be well adapted
 to diverse contexts, but in a way that enhances its efficacy as a gendered
 instrument of mass patronage rather than as a means of addressing Peru's
 structural inequalities. The paper also suggests that a switch to
 conditional cash transfers is unlikely, on its own, to change this.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 545-561 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380801980871 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380801980871 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:545-561




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magnus Lindelow 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindelow 
Title: Health as a Family Matter: Do Intra-household Education Externalities Matter for Maternal and Child Health? 
Abstract:
			   This paper is concerned with the role of
 education as a determinant of health care choices. The central premise of
 the paper is that utilisation of health services is determined not solely
 by an individual's own education, but rather by a notion of effective
 education, which incorporates the educational attainment of other
 household members. The paper sets out a general framework for representing
 intra-household education externalities, and proposes a number of specific
 hypotheses concerning the way in which the education of different
 household members affects health care choices. These hypotheses are tested
 on data from Mozambique, focusing on maternity services, child
 immunisations, and child malnutrition. We draw four major conclusions from
 the analysis. First, while maternal education seems to be the education
 variable of primary importance for the health service and malnutrition
 variables under consideration, the education of other household members
 does have a significant and sometimes large effect. This is true not only
 for the spouse, but also the education of other individuals residing in
 the household. Second, the analysis suggests that while the education of
 the person (non-spouse) in the household with the highest level of
 education is important, the level of education of additional household
 members does not, as a rule, affect the use of services or child health
 outcomes. Third, the data provide no evidence of a gender difference in
 education externalities. Fourth, we examine the merits of two alternative
 representations of the education externality, but are unable to conclude
 unambiguously in favour of one specification over the other.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 562-585 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380801980905 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380801980905 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:562-585




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louise Sperling 
Author-X-Name-First: Louise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sperling 
Author-Name: H David Cooper 
Author-X-Name-First: H David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper 
Author-Name: Tom Remington 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Remington 
Title: Moving Towards More Effective Seed Aid 
Abstract:
			   Seed aid is increasingly applied as an emergency
 response throughout Africa. This article describes its rise, its goals and
 the seed security principles which should shape it. Drawing on evidence of
 the effects of disaster, the article reviews the appropriateness of
 current seed aid responses and suggests ways to link the type of seed
 security problem with the type of response employed. Direct seed
 distribution, the dominant form, seems suited for a subset of conditions
 when farmers procure seed through formal channels and when seed is not
 sufficiently available in an area. Seed vouchers and fairs may be more
 widely applicable as this approach strengthens channels that farmers
 normally use (both formal and informal) and addresses the more common
 problem of farmers' lack of access to seed. Key for improving seed aid is
 a better understanding of how local seed markets function, as these
 provide a core of seed security in normal and stress periods.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 586-612 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380801980954 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380801980954 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:4:p:586-612




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Almeida 
Author-X-Name-First: Rita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida 
Author-Name: Ana Margarida Fernandes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Margarida 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes 
Title: Openness and Technological Innovations in Developing Countries: Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys 
Abstract:
  This paper examines international technology transfers using firm-level
 data across 43 developing countries. Its findings show that exporting and
 importing activities are important channels for the transfer of
 technology. Majority foreign-owned firms are less likely to engage in
 technological innovations than minority foreign-owned firms or domestic
 firms. The authors interpret this finding as evidence that the technology
 transferred from multinational parents to majority-owned subsidiaries is
 more mature than that transferred to minority-owned subsidiaries. Their
 findings also suggest that foreign-owned subsidiaries rely mostly on the
 direct transfer of technology from their parents and that firms that
 import intermediate inputs are more likely to acquire new technology from
 their machinery suppliers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 701-727 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802009217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802009217  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:701-727




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sourafel Girma 
Author-X-Name-First: Sourafel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Girma 
Author-Name: Yundan Gong 
Author-X-Name-First: Yundan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong 
Title: FDI, Linkages and the Efficiency of State-Owned Enterprises in China 
Abstract:
  As China seeks to consolidate its position as an emerging global economic
 power, reforming the largely inefficient state-owned enterprises (SOEs)
 presents a major challenge. Using a comprehensive micro data set, we
 investigate whether SOEs in China have benefited from the managerial,
 technical and organisational skills possessed by multinational firms
 operating in the economy, and conclude that the evidence in favour of
 positive spillovers is not overwhelming. Limited regional linkages and low
 level of absorptive capacity are found to be the main reasons for this
 disappointing performance. Policy makers involved in the reform of SOEs
 should ensure that managers have the right incentives to make long-term
 investment in absorptive capacity development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 728-749 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802009233 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802009233  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:728-749




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lipton 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton 
Title: Bottom Billion: Countries or People? 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 750-760 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802159574 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802159574  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:750-760




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Wiggins 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiggins 
Title: Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization. Perspectives from Developing and Transition Countries 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 761-763 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802160143 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802160143  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:761-763




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Ellis 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis 
Title: Transforming the Rural Nonfarm Economy: Opportunities and Threats in the Developing World 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 763-764 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802160002 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802160002  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:763-764




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Kees van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Donge 
Title: Growing Apart: Oil, Politics and Economic Change in Indonesia and Nigeria 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 764-765 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802160127 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802160127  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:764-765




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Jennings 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jennings 
Title: Can NGOs Make a Difference: The Challenge of Development Alternatives 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 766-767 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802161729 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802161729  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:766-767




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorge Niosi 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Niosi 
Title: Technology, Development and Innovation Systems: An Introduction 
Abstract:
  Today's thinking about growth associates economic and social development,
 institutions and technology. This short introduction presents some key
 concepts linking these elements and highlights the importance of the
 innovation systems approach as a framework of analysis for economic
 development. Also, the innovation systems approach is most often framed in
 evolutionary economics. The links between innovation systems (a middle
 range theory) and evolutionary concepts are presented summarily. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 613-621 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802009084 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802009084  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:613-621




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yun-Chung Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Yun-Chung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Title: Why Do Multinational Corporations Locate Their Advanced R&D Centres in Beijing? 
Abstract:
  Theories of the globalisation of innovation assume that multinational
 corporations (MNCs) distribute their innovation activities hierarchically,
 with advanced technology being confined to the advanced industrialised
 countries, while more routine low-end innovation is decentralised in a few
 developing countries. The emergence of about 40 research and development
 (R&D) centres in Beijing, China, many of which engage in basic and
 advanced applied research, challenges the above assumption. This article
 argues that the cheap and abundant highly skilled labour of the latecomer
 countries is an essential factor in attracting global R&D activities but
 that this factor is far from being a sufficient condition for the presence
 there of advanced R&D activities. Through its analysis of the historical
 transformation of local institutions and of their co-development with
 MNCs, this paper identifies four major knowledge assets that explains why
 Beijing could attract advanced R&D activities. First, Beijing has
 developed a strong entrepreneurial culture that creates highly motivated
 engineers who are eager to learn new knowledge from abroad. Second, the
 experienced Chinese returnees provide a critical bridging role between
 Western R&D management knowledge and local engineer culture. Third, the
 lack of inter-firm trust and networks makes the entrance of MNCs into a
 'loose' cluster much easier. Fourth, the large and dynamic Chinese market
 that desires high-tech products with low prices shortens the product life
 cycle, forcing MNCs to upgrade their R&D facilities in China. The findings
 show that the co-development of local institutions with the MNC R&D
 centres can create locational windows of opportunity for advanced R&D
 activities to be carried out in unconventional sites outside the Triad
 countries. This article concludes with the discussion on how Dunning's
 Ownership, Location and Internalisation (OLI) framework and Mathew's
 Linkage, Leverage and Learning (LLL) framework might be useful in
 explaining this new phenomenon. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 622-644 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802009092 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802009092  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Chudnovsky 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chudnovsky 
Author-Name: Andres Lopez 
Author-X-Name-First: Andres 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez 
Author-Name: Gaston Rossi 
Author-X-Name-First: Gaston 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi 
Title: Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers and the Absorptive Capabilities of Domestic Firms in the Argentine Manufacturing Sector (1992-2001) 
Abstract:
  Argentina received significant amounts of foreign direct investment
 inflows during the 1990s. This paper analyses whether positive (or
 negative) productivity spillovers arose from the increasing presence of
 transnational corporations (TNCs) affiliates in Argentina. We found that
 TNCs affiliates had higher productivity levels than domestic firms and
 that the latter, on average, received neither positive nor negative
 horizontal spillovers from the growing presence of foreign firms in the
 local economy. However, evidence of positive spillovers from TNC presence
 on domestic firms was found for those firms with high absorptive
 capabilities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 645-677 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802009159 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802009159  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:645-677




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Mazzoleni 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzoleni 
Title: Catching Up and Academic Institutions: A Comparative Study of Past National Experiences 
Abstract:
  The universities' role in economic development is again today an
 important focus of debate. While policy in developing countries often aims
 at reproducing advanced economies' institutions, recent research on
 national systems of innovation frames the hypothesis that the catching up
 process is marked by changes in the contribution of academic institutions
 to the development of firm-level capabilities. This paper argues in favour
 of this hypothesis. Drawing from the history of successful national
 catching up processes, it identifies important similarities across
 countries despite variations in historical context and local conditions.
 Each country struggled to achieve an effective integration of academic
 institutions into the industrial development process. This task was
 particularly difficult when industry needs were poorly articulated or
 neglected by the evolution of educational curricula. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 678-700 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802009175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802009175  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:5:p:678-700




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Dyer 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dyer 
Title: Literacies and Discourses of Development Among the Rabaris of Kutch, India 
Abstract:
  This paper argues that how literacy intersects with notions of
 development is more complex than generally perceived by those who advocate
 'literacy' as a development tool. Among the transhumant pastoralist
 Rabaris of Kutch in Western India, various forms of literacy are
 increasingly implicated in community development. In a context where
 Rabaris face the gradual erosion of their livelihood opportunities,
 literacy for adults is not associated with development; rather Rabaris
 favour the option of formal schooling and the possibilities it confers for
 occupational diversification for the next generation. Community
 governance, meanwhile, is also increasingly shaped by aspects of literacy.
 Changes to community governance structures have been ushered in by a new
 generation of literate (but not necessarily schooled) leaders; they use
 conventions of the wider literate society to lend formal power and
 authenticity to their work and strongly advocate formal schooling, which
 combines gaining literacy skills with an enhanced social status. Schooling
 and literacies emerge as central to Rabaris' aspirations for 'progress' in
 the contemporary world. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 863-879 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802058222 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802058222  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Virginia Zavala 
Author-X-Name-First: Virginia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zavala 
Title: Mail that Feeds the Family: Popular Correspondence and Official Literacy Campaigns 
Abstract:
  This paper contributes towards revealing the 'gap' that exists between
 what Peruvian literacy campaigns seek for 'illiterates' and what these
 'illiterates' actually need. Although the discourse of recent governmental
 literacy programmes stresses the need to take into account the illiterates
 agency during the whole process, the neoliberal view of development and
 the idea of an autonomous model of literacy end up building an identity of
 the 'literate' based on hegemonic interests. The paper will compare this
 contradictory discourse with a case study of a bilingual Quechua and
 Spanish-speaking woman who only attended one year of
 schooling&#xa0;-&#xa0;and is probably conceived of as a 'functional
 illiterate' by the State&#xa0;-&#xa0;but has managed to position Spanish
 literacy practices within the core of her identity as a mother and a
 grandmother. The analysis of a literacy event within a context of
 migration will reveal how literacy appropriation may be related to
 cultural transmission and to affection. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 880-891 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802058248 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802058248  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Kell 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kell 
Title: 'Making Things Happen': Literacy and Agency in Housing Struggles in South Africa 
Abstract:
  While ethnographies of literacy have played an important role in the
 shift towards understandings of literacy as situated social practice,
 these understandings have not necessarily impacted on day-to-day
 development work. This article draws on data collected during two periods
 of ethnographic work on the literacy practices of participants in
 grassroots social movements engaging in struggles around housing in South
 Africa. In this focus on the quotidian tactics of the participants in such
 projects, mundane everyday texts (like hand-written lists, memos, bank
 cheques, plans, invoices and so on) were central to the carrying across
 and projecting of meanings into new contexts and important in the
 construction of agency for individuals (in the cases reported here, for
 three individual women). Through the use of multi-site, micro-ethnographic
 methods, a language of description was developed for identifying,
 reconstructing and analysing the sequences of events through which people
 acted to change their living conditions and make things happen. However,
 recontextualisation and projection of meanings did not require literate
 individuals, nor did it always require alphabetical texts; it could be
 accomplished by groups in which literacy was viewed as a distributed
 capacity or it could be carefully mediated by development workers with a
 focus on capacities rather than deficits, it could draw on a wider range
 of mediational means like physical occupations of sites, or building
 extensions. The research showed that a lack of attention in organisational
 procedures to the detailed politics of recontextualisation and projection
 of meanings in such trajectories indicated the reification of literacy and
 its use as a marker of status and stratification. On the other hand, when
 careful attention was paid to this detail, literacy became naturalised, as
 a pragmatics of engagement in textually-mediated practices, less
 implicated in gate-keeping and conflict. Some studies in the critical
 discourse tradition in a range of fields have explored 'chains of
 discourse' and make claims that discourse is recontextualised and
 resemiotised as it travels through contexts, tending towards legitimacy
 and authority, and this in turn leads to permanence and stability in
 infrastructures and environments. The article argues that in contexts of
 extreme poverty, conflict and lack of resources, such uni-directionality
 cannot be assumed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 892-912 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802058263 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802058263  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaushik Basu 
Author-X-Name-First: Kaushik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Basu 
Author-Name: Bryan Maddox 
Author-X-Name-First: Bryan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maddox 
Author-Name: Anna Robinson-Pant 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson-Pant 
Title: Literacies, Identities and Social Change: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Literacy and Development 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 769-778 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802057695 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802057695  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Robinson-Pant 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson-Pant 
Title: 'Why Literacy Matters': Exploring A Policy Perspective on Literacies, Identities and Social Change 
Abstract:
  This article looks at the methodological implications of bringing what
 has been termed an 'ethnographic perspective' on literacies, identity and
 social change, into the international policy discourse on education and
 development. Through an analysis of the UNESCO Global Monitoring Report
 2006, Literacy for Life, I explore how and whether ethnographic insights
 can be translated into a policy context dominated by an economistic
 paradigm of development. The difficulties lie not just in how to avoid
 simplifying lengthy ethnographic analysis or generalising statistically
 from tiny unrepresentative samples but, also, around the kind of questions
 for which answers are being sought from researchers. I suggest that the
 predominantly instrumental approach to literacy, where literacy is
 discussed in terms of its 'benefits', contrasts with ethnographic research
 on multiple literacies and identities: for instance the 'illiterate' woman
 who is viewed by herself and others as 'educated'. These more complex
 understandings of literacy, identity and social change might complicate
 the unambiguous message that Literacy for Life aims to put across to
 national and international policy makers: that 'Literacy Matters'. I end
 by reflecting on how ethnographic researchers could contribute more
 effectively to policy debates on literacy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 779-796 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802057711 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802057711  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:6:p:779-796




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vegard Iversen 
Author-X-Name-First: Vegard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen 
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones 
Title: Literacy Sharing, Assortative Mating, or What? Labour Market Advantages and Proximate Illiteracy Revisited 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the relationship between household literacy and the
 labour market outcomes of illiterate household members which Basu, Narayan
 and Ravallion (2002) report using Household Income and Expenditure data
 from Bangladesh. BNR attribute a considerable wage premium for
 proximate-illiterate women in off-farm employment to labour productivity
 gains from intra-household literacy sharing. This wage premium also
 suggests that women may be more efficient recipients of literacy
 externalities than men. We propose that any such relationship might not be
 due to higher labour productivity but may have other explanations such as
 systematically different and unobserved attributes of illiterate females
 married into literate households. We also pay attention to the negative
 selection of illiterate females into non-farm wage employment, which
 contrary to received wisdom suggests that household literacy may not be
 unambiguously progressive for females. We propose that the widely reported
 finding that female literacy impacts more positively than male literacy on
 child wellbeing may not extend into similar effects in other realms of
 household activities where males may be more efficient transmitters of
 literacy externalities. Using more recent Bangladesh and similar Indian
 data we find somewhat different results for household literacy
 externalities on non-farm wage employment of household illiterates, and
 also show that any such effects are conditioned on the social identity of
 the individuals, their geographic location and their sector of employment.
 We caution against drawing conclusions from one finding using one data set
 apparently ignoring contrary findings, where that finding is congruent
 with fashionable development views, such as the advantages of females as
 generators of development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 797-838 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802058156 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802058156  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Subramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subramanian 
Title: Externality and Literacy: A Note 
Abstract:
  Kaushik Basu and James Foster (1998) have opened up an interesting
 approach to the measurement of literacy, in which the phenomenon of
 externality has an important role to play. The externality these authors
 examine is what one may call a 'material' externality, and they
 demonstrate that reckoning such an externality in the measurement of
 literacy provides an instrumental justification for 'horizontal equity'.
 The present note elucidates this link through a specific formulation of
 the Basu-Foster thesis. It also suggests that, apart from a 'material
 externality', there is also a 'psychic externality' to be considered. The
 'psychic externality' runs in a direction somewhat orthogonal to that of
 the 'material externality' postulated by Basu and Foster, and it is shown
 that reckoning such an externality in the measurement of literacy provides
 an instrumental justification for being sensitive to levels of
 literacy-attainment in comparisons of literacy improvements. In a broad
 sense, the note suggests that considerations of 'identity' can be
 formulated through alternative conceptions of 'externality', which turn
 out to have unexpected implications for the assessment of 'equity' and
 'improvement' in literacy comparisons. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 839-848 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802058396 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802058396  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorothy Holland 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holland 
Author-Name: Debra Skinner 
Author-X-Name-First: Debra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skinner 
Title: Literacies of Distinction: (Dis)Empowerment in Social Movements 
Abstract:
  Social movements often organise activities around the use of written
 forms. Yet these literacy events and practices have received little
 attention for the roles they play in effecting social, cultural and
 political change. In this article we argue that literacy activities should
 be analysed for their centrality to the formation of new identities, for
 their inclusionary/exclusionary effects and for their power to imagine and
 evoke liberatory worlds. We apply these concepts to an ethnographic study
 of women's activism in Nepal in the early 1990s, a time when female
 students, preparing for the annual women's Tij festival, were first
 beginning to use their literacy skills to record the Tij songs they were
 creating and copying from newly available Tij songbooks. In our multi-year
 study of the festival, we found that these new literacy practices,
 especially their ties to the epistemology of the newly popular political
 songs, were inadvertently introducing a social distinction that empowered
 'educated' women at the expense of their 'uneducated' sisters. Examination
 of this case illustrates processes of social division brought about by
 literacy practices and helps explain how contingent, historical
 developments, such as social movements, can powerfully shape the
 relationship between literacy and identity. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 849-862 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802058180 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802058180  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:6:p:849-862




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hildegunn Kyvik Nord&#xe5;s 
Author-X-Name-First: Hildegunn Kyvik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nord&#xe5;s 
Title: Vertical Specialisation and its Determinants 
Abstract:
  Vertical specialisation (VS) and outsourcing have gained prominence in
 international trade recently and could represent an entry point for
 developing countries into world markets as well as a channel for
 technology transfer. However, entry into international supply chains often
 requires just-in-time delivery and close to zero fault rates, making
 market entry via VS difficult. This paper analyses the importance of
 infrastructure and quality of institutions for VS, for total trade and
 with a focus on the clothing and electronics sectors. It is found that
 good governance and an open trade policy is strongly related to VS in
 electronics. Infrastructure, particularly ports, is strongly related to VS
 in the clothing sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1037-1055 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150813 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150813  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. W. Fedderke 
Author-X-Name-First: J. W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fedderke 
Author-Name: J. M. Luiz 
Author-X-Name-First: J. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luiz 
Title: The Political Economy of Institutions, Stability and Investment: A Simultaneous Equation Approach in an Emerging Economy. The Case of South Africa 
Abstract:
  The modern theory of investment identifies the importance of uncertainty
 to investment. A number of empirical studies have tested the theory on
 South African time series, employing political instability measures as
 proxies for uncertainty. This paper verifies that political instability
 measures are required in the formulation of the investment function for
 South Africa. It also establishes that there are distinct institutional
 factors that influence the uncertainty variable such as property rights
 and crime levels. We find that rising income and property rights lower
 political instability, and that rising crime levels are positively related
 to political instability. The inference is that political instability in
 South Africa may not represent uncertainty directly, since it is
 systematically related to a set of determinants. Instead, uncertainty
 would have to be understood as being related to a broader institutional
 nexus that in concert may generate uncertainty for investors. The paper
 highlights the significance of getting institutions right to ensure that
 uncertainty is kept to a minimum by providing a predictable long-term
 environment. Stability at a systemic level appears crucial if investment
 rates are to rise in South Africa and this paper demonstrates that
 stability in turn is driven by a sound institutional environment that has
 multiple dimensions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1056-1079 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150854 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150854  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Remi Bazillier 
Author-X-Name-First: Remi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bazillier 
Author-Name: Nicolas Sirven 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sirven 
Title: Is There a Social Kuznets Curve? The Influence of Labour Standards on Inequality 
Abstract:
  This study empirically investigates the impact of core labour standards
 on income inequality for a range of 90 countries from 1990-2000. A
 synthetic index of labour standards is computed by means of a Multiple
 Correspondence Analysis and no significant correlation is found with the
 Gini index. One of the reasons pointed out is that the effective
 implementation of core labour standards depends on the quality of the
 country's political and legal systems. Using instrumental variables in a
 TSLS model, we found an inverse 'U' shaped curve between the new
 endogenous index of core labour standards and income inequality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 913-934 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150714 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150714  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Skoufias 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skoufias 
Author-Name: Vincenzo Di Maro 
Author-X-Name-First: Vincenzo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Maro 
Title: Conditional Cash Transfers, Adult Work Incentives, and Poverty 
Abstract:
  Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes aim to alleviate poverty
 through monetary and in-kind benefits, as well as reduce future incidence
 of poverty by encouraging investments in education, health and nutrition.
 The success of CCT programmes at reducing poverty depends on whether, and
 the extent to which, cash transfers affect adult work incentives. In this
 paper we examine whether the PROGRESA programme of Mexico affects adult
 participation in the labour market and overall adult leisure time, and we
 link these effects to the impact of the programme on poverty. Utilising
 the experimental design of PROGRESA's evaluation sample, we find that the
 programme does not have any significant effect on adult labour force
 participation and leisure time. Our findings on adult work incentives are
 reinforced further by the result that PROGRESA leads to a substantial
 reduction in poverty. The poverty reduction effects are stronger for the
 poverty gap and severity of poverty measures. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 935-960 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150730 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150730  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharada Srinivasan 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharada 
Author-X-Name-Last: Srinivasan 
Author-Name: Arjun Singh Bedi 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjun Singh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedi 
Title: Daughter Elimination in Tamil Nadu, India: A Tale of Two Ratios 
Abstract:
  A disturbing feature of demographic trends in India is the sharp decline
 in the proportion of girls to boys. Most existing analyses of the Indian
 child sex ratio present a country wide picture and focus on trends across
 states. Such state level analyses may hide intra state variation. This
 paper uses district and village data on sex ratio at birth and infant
 mortality to examine the extent, geographical spread and nature (before or
 after birth) of daughter deficit within the South Indian state of Tamil
 Nadu. Our analysis shows that (i) daughter deficit in Tamil Nadu occurs in
 nearly half the state's districts; (ii) a large proportion of daughter
 deficit occurs before birth; (iii) daughter deficit rises with birth order
 and (iv) daughter elimination is not confined to particular socio-economic
 groups. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 961-990 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150755 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150755  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer Franco 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Franco 
Title: Making Land Rights Accessible: Social Movements and Political-Legal Innovation in the Rural Philippines 
Abstract:
  In recent years, rule of law and legal reform has grown to be a major
 concern of national governments, international financial institutions,
 development agencies and donor organisations. Part of this concern has
 focused on expanding access to justice for the poor. However, little
 effort has gone into understanding the role of justice sector institutions
 in shaping the opportunities and limits of redistributive justice. Little
 attention has been paid to the actual workings of obstacles entrenched
 within the justice sector to land reform, for example. Instead, pro-market
 scholars cite difficult legal problems as a reason to turn away from
 state-led land reform and toward market-oriented land policies. Yet as
 this paper shows, a closer look at the details of dynamics around land
 reform in the Philippines suggests that political-legal problems
 associated with implementation of the agrarian reform law can be overcome
 under certain conditions. It is argued that for rural poor claimants it is
 important to have access to a support structure for political-legal
 mobilisation, particularly an alternative 'rights-advocacy' outreach
 network, and also to adopt an integrated political-legal strategy. An
 integrated political-legal strategy is one that is capable of activating
 state agrarian reform law, exploiting independent state actors' pro-reform
 initiatives, and resisting the legal and extra-legal manoeuvres of
 anti-reform elites. However, such a strategy appears to have limits as
 well. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 991-1022 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150763 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150763  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:7:p:991-1022




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Potts 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Potts 
Author-Name: Woo Yong Chung 
Author-X-Name-First: Woo Yong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung 
Title: How Concessional is Aid Lending? 
Abstract:
  The method used by Development Assistance Committee countries for
 measuring the concessionality of aid loans has remained unchanged for
 nearly 20 years. It was designed to measure the net cost of aid to donors
 not the net benefit to recipients. The discount rate used takes no account
 of changes in the value of the currency of the loan or of changes in
 prices for goods traded by recipient countries. Furthermore, it does not
 consider the implications of tying of aid or of policy conditionality.
 This paper suggests an alternative measure that shows the real net benefit
 of aid finance to recipients. It argues that the discount rate used by the
 Development Assistance Committee is too high and that changes in the value
 of the currency in which a loan is taken out can be important.
 Nevertheless, real rates of interest for developing countries remain
 surprisingly high despite low nominal rates due to falling prices of
 traded goods. This finding has implications for the future real cost of
 debt service to recipients. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1023-1036 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802150797 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802150797  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaya Josie 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Josie 
Author-Name: Garry MacDonald 
Author-X-Name-First: Garry 
Author-X-Name-Last: MacDonald 
Author-Name: Jeffrey Petchey 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Petchey 
Title: A Dynamic Equalisation Model for Economic and Social Capital Grants with a South African Example 
Abstract:
  A capital grant model has been developed which can be used in developing
 economies to allocate grants to sub-national governments for economic or
 social capital. The model allows these allocations to happen in a way that
 increases the value of the capital stock whilst at the same time addresses
 any inter regional inequities, or economic inefficiencies. The model is
 also applied to South Africa as an illustrative example and the results of
 three model simulations for that country are presented. There is a
 discussion of the data requirements for the model and how it might be
 replicated by researchers for other economies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1169-1189 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242420 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242420  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:8:p:1169-1189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerie Cerra 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerra 
Author-Name: Meenakshi Rishi 
Author-X-Name-First: Meenakshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rishi 
Author-Name: Sweta Saxena 
Author-X-Name-First: Sweta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saxena 
Title: Robbing the Riches: Capital Flight, Institutions and Debt 
Abstract:
  Capital flight undermines economic growth and the effectiveness of debt
 relief and foreign aid, and sometimes drains more resources from poor
 countries than does debt service. In an analysis of a large panel of
 developing and emerging market countries using annual data for 1970-2001,
 we show that both institutions and macro policies robustly affect capital
 flight. Our study also supports the existence of a revolving door
 relationship between debt and capital flight. More notably we find
 countries with weak institutions have a greater propensity to accumulate
 debt because weak institutions spur capital flight, which, in turn,
 creates a financing need. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1190-1213 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242453 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242453  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yogendra Shakya 
Author-X-Name-First: Yogendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shakya 
Author-Name: Katharine Rankin 
Author-X-Name-First: Katharine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rankin 
Title: The Politics of Subversion in Development Practice: An Exploration of Microfinance in Nepal and Vietnam 
Abstract:
  This paper considers the ways in which beneficiaries of microfinance
 programmes in two Asian countries routinely transgress programme protocols
 and regulations, and fail to conform to the entrepreneurial subjectivities
 the programmes seek to promote. It aims to develop an interpretive
 framework for these practices. Specifically, we take up Abu-Lughod's
 injunction to 'use resistance as a diagnostic of power' in order to
 explore the political rationalities and governmental technologies of
 microfinance, as well as the cultural ideologies and material conditions
 in particular locales. We then consider the difficult question of
 political agency by drawing on prevailing theories of resistance to
 develop a typology that distinguishes among three overlapping kinds of
 transgressive practices. The objective ultimately is to explore how this
 interpretive framework might contribute to imagining more politically
 engaged and responsive models of development, as well as to critiquing the
 market-oriented foundation of existing models. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1214-1235 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242461 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242461  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew McCartney 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCartney 
Title: India's Economic Transition: The Politics of Reforms 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1236-1237 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802321141 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802321141  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:8:p:1236-1237




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aditya Mishra 
Author-X-Name-First: Aditya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra 
Title: The Poverty Regime in Village India 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1237-1239 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802321117 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802321117  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence 
Title: African Development: Making Sense of the Issues and Actors 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1239-1240 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802321158 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802321158  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steffen Hertog 
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hertog 
Title: The Political Economy of Saudi Arabia 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1240-1242 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802321133 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802321133  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Fielding 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding 
Author-Name: Sebastian Torres 
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres 
Title: Cows and Conquistadors: A Contribution on the Colonial Origins of Comparative Development 
Abstract:
  Identification of the impact of political and economic institutions on
 economic development requires the use of valid instruments for
 institutional quality. Recent empirical studies use colonial settler
 mortality rates as such an instrument. Our paper develops a more eclectic
 theory of colonial development, and compares the performance of the
 settler mortality model to alternatives incorporating instruments
 reflecting the factor endowments of colonial economies. Ceteris paribus,
 colonies with a natural comparative advantage in pastoral agriculture were
 more likely to experience European settlement that led to non-extractive
 institutions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1081-1099 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242347 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242347  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Paul Faguet 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faguet 
Title: Decentralisation's Effects on Public Investment: Evidence and Policy Lessons from Bolivia and Colombia 
Abstract:
  This paper examines decentralisation in Bolivia and Colombia to explore
 its effects on the uses and spatial distribution of public investment, as
 well as government responsiveness to local needs. In both countries,
 investment shifted from infrastructure to social services and human
 capital formation. Resources were rebalanced in favour of poorer
 districts. In Bolivia, decentralisation made government more responsive by
 re-directing public investment to areas of greatest need. In Colombia,
 municipalities increased investment significantly while running costs
 fell. Six important lessons emerge from the comparison. For
 decentralisation to work well: (i) local democracy must be transparent,
 fair and competitive; (ii) local governments must face hard budget
 constraints; (iii) central government must be scaled back; (iv)
 significant tax-raising powers must be devolved; and (v) decentralisation
 is composed of distinct, separable components, the sequencing of which is
 important. Finally, (vi) what decentralisation achieves, and whether it is
 advisable, hinges on how central government behaved pre-reform. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1100-1121 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242370 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242370  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siri Lange 
Author-X-Name-First: Siri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lange 
Title: The Depoliticisation of Development and the Democratisation of Politics in Tanzania: Parallel Structures as Obstacles to Delivering Services to the Poor 
Abstract:
  Local democracy and the involvement of local communities in the provision
 of social services are central issues in the local government reforms that
 are presently being implemented in many developing countries. At the same
 time, institutions that run parallel to local authorities, such as social
 funds and various user-committees, are established to improve
 accountability and participation. By focusing on actual political
 processes rather than administrative, legal and fiscal aspects of
 decentralisation, this article traces the breakdown of two development
 projects in Tanzania to the existence of parallel structures. It suggests
 that user-committees and social funds should be integrated in local
 authority structures to avoid fragmentation of participation and to
 enhance local democracy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1122-1144 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242396 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242396  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anju Vajja 
Author-X-Name-First: Anju 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vajja 
Author-Name: Howard White 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Can the World Bank Build Social Capital? The Experience of Social Funds in Malawi and Zambia 
Abstract:
  Social funds have been one of the main manifestations of the World Bank's
 move toward promoting projects with a participatory orientation.
 Supporters of social funds argue that participation in social fund
 activities builds community social capital. Critics of the Bank's use of
 social capital argue that it ignores power structures but these critics
 have focused on the Bank's research rather than its operations. This paper
 examines 'social capital' in a project context: social funds in Malawi and
 Zambia. In contrast to the model of collective action suggested by
 proponents of social funds, it is shown that the nature of community
 participation is indeed shaped by existing power and social relations.
 Project identification and execution is led by a small number of people in
 the community, usually the head teacher in cooperation with the PTA and
 traditional authorities. The community is then mobilised using the
 traditional structures of village headmen. Most community members
 participate actively in making bricks, but passively in decision making.
 However, this process should be seen as an institutional adaptation to
 what social funds offer, not elite capture. Most community members are
 satisfied with the outcome, although the chosen project is not what they
 would have chosen themselves. Given these processes, social funds do
 little to build social capital but instead, appear to be users of existing
 social capital. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1145-1168 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802242404 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802242404  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:8:p:1145-1168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Rapsomanikis 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rapsomanikis 
Author-Name: Alexander Sarris 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarris 
Title: Market Integration and Uncertainty: The Impact of Domestic and International Commodity Price Variability on Rural Household Income and Welfare in Ghana and Peru 
Abstract:
  We estimate rural household income uncertainties and welfare changes due
 to commodity price and production variability in Ghana and Peru under
 different scenarios for international and domestic market shocks.
 Uncertainties significantly affect the variability of household income,
 especially for households that are specialised in the production of few
 commodities. Wider exposure to international markets would increase the
 income variability for producers of commodities that are subjected to
 stabilisation policies in Ghana but would reduce the variability that
 rural households in Peru face. In terms of welfare, rural households in
 both countries are expected to gain if fully exposed to international
 markets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1354-1381 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265439 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265439  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:9:p:1354-1381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andre Varella Mollick 
Author-X-Name-First: Andre Varella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollick 
Title: The Rise of the Skill Premium in Mexican Maquiladoras 
Abstract:
  The wage premium between skilled and unskilled workers in Mexican
 maquiladoras has moved up, from 4.14 in January 1990 to 4.79 in March
 2006. This 16 per cent increase in wage differentials favouring skilled
 workers is contrasted to a measure of relative labour supplies within a
 model of skill-biased technical change (SBTC). Estimating how this skill
 premium responds to technology (captured by either a time trend or the
 capital-expenditure share) and to relative labour supplies, we find
 support for theoretical models in which the skill premium increases in the
 long-run under strong technology effects. Error correction models confirm
 fast adjustment to long-run equilibrium, within about four months. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1382-1404 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265272 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265272  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:9:p:1382-1404




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Heston 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heston 
Author-Name: Vijay Kumar 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar 
Title: Institutional Flaws and Corruption Incentives in India 
Abstract:
  India has achieved a respectable rate of economic growth in an
 environment that is quite permissive of corrupt practices to the extent
 that acts of corruption, if sufficiently clever, are not scorned but
 praised. Despite the coexistence of corruption and unprecedented economic
 growth we argue that there is unrealised potential for further growth that
 is held back by the institutions of administration and associated
 corruption. With growth as substantial as it has been there is less
 pressure on those at the top to restrain corruption. There is still
 significant room for the Indian economy to accelerate its growth through
 steps to reduce corruption particularly as it impacts businesses and
 individuals in their day-to-day economic pursuits. A simple framework is
 sketched to describe the transactions that lead to grand, systemic and
 petty or retail corruption. The focus of this paper is on the institutions
 of administration that foster corruption at all levels and the
 consequences of petty corruption on the poor, particularly in urban areas.
 Our argument is that it is difficult for India to achieve its economic
 potential when a large portion of the population cannot mobilise what
 capital it possesses and continually finds interactions with authority met
 with requests for bribes and other forms of harassment. However, actual
 and perceived corruption in a vigorous democracy like India is also an
 integral part of the political process. Accusations of illegal behaviour
 are often a routine part of the election process and campaign finance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1243-1261 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264960 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802264960  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Vijayalakshmi 
Author-X-Name-First: V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vijayalakshmi 
Title: Rent-Seeking and Gender in Local Governance 
Abstract:
  The paper examines the relationship between corruption and gender in the
 context of local government in India, using a Logit model. Recent debates
 about women's participation in electoral politics suggests that the
 presence of more women in government will engender public policy, and also
 tends to reduce corruption. The evidence we examined indicates that gender
 is not a significant factor in explaining levels of corruption. Although
 nearly 40 per cent of the elective positions in the institutions of local
 government are occupied by women, there is no significant gender
 difference in attitudes towards rent-seeking or in actual levels of
 corruption between male and female representatives. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1262-1288 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265611 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265611  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:9:p:1262-1288




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anjini Kochar 
Author-X-Name-First: Anjini 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kochar 
Title: The Effectiveness of India's Anti-Poverty Programmes 
Abstract:
  This paper critically evaluates the design of India's Anti-poverty
 programmes. In recent years, successive Indian Governments have sought to
 improve the performance of these programmes by decentralising their
 administration, vesting village governments with greater responsibility
 for their monitoring and oversight. An academic literature hypothesises
 that socioeconomic divisions within villages and the weak political
 strength of the poor reduces the effectiveness of decentralised programmes
 since, under these conditions, elites are able to 'capture' funds intended
 for the poor. This paper argues that the effect of administrative
 decentralisation of poverty programmes and local public goods on the
 magnitude of benefits to the poor depends not just on their political
 strength but also on the incentives the non-poor have to improve the
 welfare of the poor. The design of policy pays insufficient attention to
 such incentive issues. Empirical analysis provides support for this
 belief. The regression analysis of the paper reveals that welfare receipts
 affect the labour supply decisions of the poor and that the implementation
 of welfare programmes under control of village governments takes these
 effects into account. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1289-1308 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265074 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265074  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uma Kambhampati 
Author-X-Name-First: Uma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kambhampati 
Author-Name: Raji Rajan 
Author-X-Name-First: Raji 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rajan 
Title: The 'Nowhere' Children: Patriarchy and the Role of Girls in India's Rural Economy 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the contribution that girls make to the rural economy
 in India through their involvement in the labour market as well as in
 household chores. We model this in the context of the very different
 institutional and familial arrangements for girl children prevalent in
 different parts of India. Analysing the determinants of these activities
 within a multivariate probit model, we find that the best possible outcome
 for girls is in districts with high female literacy because here the
 probability of schooling increases and the probability of work decreases.
 Less satisfactory but still acceptable outcomes arise in districts where
 the female labour participation is high. Our results also show that the
 presence of very young siblings in the household worsens the probability
 of girls going to school or even working. The presence of older female
 siblings improves the chances of schooling while that of older male
 siblings increases the probability of girls doing household chores. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1309-1341 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264978 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802264978  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:9:p:1309-1341




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Cook 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook 
Author-Name: Yuichiro Uchida 
Author-X-Name-First: Yuichiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uchida 
Title: The Performance of Privatised Enterprises in Developing Countries 
Abstract:
  Privatisation has been advocated as the predominant way to solve the
 problems facing ailing public enterprises in developing countries. Despite
 this, the policy remains controversial. The available empirical evidence
 on the operational and financial performance of enterprises after
 privatisation has often painted a rosy picture. This paper reassesses the
 situation using a larger sample of enterprises and a comparative
 perspective between privatised utilities, non-utilities and private
 enterprises that have never been state owned. The results of our analysis
 point to there being differences in the performance across the three
 groups of enterprises and, in particular, to a deterioration in
 performance among privatised utilities. This suggests that the earlier
 optimism over the efficacy of privatisation may have been premature. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1342-1353 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264838 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802264838  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:9:p:1342-1353




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerie Mueller 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller 
Author-Name: Daniel Osgood 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Osgood 
Title: Long-term Impacts of Droughts on Labour Markets in Developing Countries: Evidence from Brazil 
Abstract:
  Climate shocks have well-documented impacts on the short-term welfare of
 rural households in developing countries. We investigate the impact of
 droughts on Brazilian labour markets. We find long-term rural wage losses
 beyond the immediate impact of the drought, with affected workers taking
 five years to catch up with their peers. Findings are robust to model
 specification. The severity of the losses varies with the dependence on
 agricultural income, supporting the notion of diversifying portfolio
 strategies in rural areas to reduce climate-related income risk. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1651-1662 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935865 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935865  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Mcpeak 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcpeak 
Author-Name: Cheryl Doss 
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doss 
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Author-Name: Patti Kristjanson 
Author-X-Name-First: Patti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kristjanson 
Title: Do Community Members Share Development Priorities? Results of a Ranking Exercise in East African Rangelands 
Abstract:
  This study investigates development priorities of individuals living in
 11 communities in the arid and semi-arid rangelands of northern Kenya and
 southern Ethiopia. We first asked individuals to describe development
 efforts that have been implemented in their community. People were then
 asked to rank the usefulness of these different interventions. Finally, we
 asked them to rank their priorities for future development activities in
 their community. Econometric analysis of their responses indicates that
 variation in rankings of future priorities is primarily driven by
 variation across communities rather than across households within
 communities, lending support to community-based approaches to priority
 setting. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1663-1683 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890219  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Gilligan 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilligan 
Author-Name: John Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Author-Name: Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse 
Author-X-Name-First: Alemayehu Seyoum 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taffesse 
Title: The Impact of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme and its Linkages 
Abstract:
  This paper assesses the impact of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Nets
 Programme (PSNP), the largest social protection programme in sub-Saharan
 Africa outside of South Africa. Using propensity score matching
 techniques, we find that the programme has little impact on participants
 on average, due in part to transfer levels that fell far below programme
 targets. Participants with access to both the PSNP and packages of
 agricultural support are more likely to be food secure, to borrow for
 productive purposes, use improved agricultural technologies, and operate
 non-farm own business activities. However, beneficiaries did not
 experience faster asset growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1684-1706 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935907 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Damien Echevin 
Author-X-Name-First: Damien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Echevin 
Author-Name: Fabrice Murtin 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabrice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murtin 
Title: What Determines Productivity in Senegal? Sectoral Disparities and the Dual Labour Market 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the output gap between the formal and informal
 sectors in Senegal using a matched employer-employee database. While the
 production process in some informal sub-sectors is similar to the one in
 the formal sector, there is evidence that the economy is deeply cleaved
 between productive and non-productive firms within the informal sector and
 between voluntary and involuntary jobs on a labour market which proves to
 be dual. We find that education externalities are significant although
 modest in both sectors and that the differences in human and physical
 capital account for about two thirds of the output gap. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1707-1730 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935881 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935881  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bereket Kebede 
Author-X-Name-First: Bereket 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kebede 
Title: Community Wealth Ranking and Household Surveys: An Integrative Approach 
Abstract:
  This article contributes to the integration of qualitative and
 quantitative methods of analysis. A conceptual framework systematically
 analysing the effects of visibility of resources and measurement errors in
 wealth ranking and household survey data is presented. Visibility of
 resources influences both the process of wealth ranking and the social
 value of the resources, specifically their symbolic importance. The
 conceptual framework is empirically examined using data from four East
 African countries: Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda. The empirical
 results support the framework and help to more carefully interpret results
 and understand social values of resources in different communities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1731-1746 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935832 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935832  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seth Richard Gitter 
Author-X-Name-First: Seth Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gitter 
Author-Name: Bradford Barham 
Author-X-Name-First: Bradford 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barham 
Title: Conditional Cash Transfers, Shocks, and School Enrolment in Nicaragua 
Abstract:
  This work estimates the impacts of a Nicaraguan cash transfer programme
 that pays households conditional on school attendance and family visits to
 health clinics and seminars. A model explores the impact on school
 enrollment of cash transfers given differences in household wealth, labour
 market opportunities, and negative shocks. A difference-in-difference
 estimation for distinct wealth cohorts reveals that the programme led to a
 significant improvement in school enrollment outcomes among poor
 households in coffee-cultivating communities. The results cast doubt,
 however, on proposals that broadly link conditional cash transfers to
 negative shocks. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1747-1767 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935857 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935857  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Kiely 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiely 
Title: The Post-Colonial Politics of Development 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1768-1769 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903388049 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903388049  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Axel Dreher 
Author-X-Name-First: Axel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dreher 
Title: The Political Economy of the World Bank: The Early Years 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1769-1770 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903388056 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903388056  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heather Gibson 
Author-X-Name-First: Heather 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson 
Title: Power and Politics after Financial Crises: Rethinking Foreign Opportunism in Emerging Markets 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1770-1772 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903388064 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903388064  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Valente 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valente 
Title: Land Reform in Developing Countries: Property Rights and Property Wrongs 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1772-1773 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903424141 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903424141  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Atsushi Kato 
Author-X-Name-First: Atsushi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kato 
Title: Product Market Competition and Productivity in the Indian Manufacturing Industry 
Abstract:
  The effects of product market competition on the growth rates of
 productivity of firms in the Indian manufacturing sector are examined for
 the decade since the economic reform in 1991. This study improves on the
 construction of variables that capture the extent of product market
 competition. Empirical results indicate that the smaller is the market
 share of a firm, the higher is the productivity growth of the firm, and
 this effect is more prominent in a less concentrated market. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1579-1593 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802663575 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802663575  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten 
Author-Name: Mulu Gebreeyesus 
Author-X-Name-First: Mulu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebreeyesus 
Title: Firm Productivity and Exports: Evidence from Ethiopian Manufacturing 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the causal relationship between exporting and
 productivity using plant-level panel data for Ethiopian manufacturing. We
 trace the trajectory of total factor productivity and other productivity
 measures of groups of firms classified by their export history. We tested
 learning-by-exporting using a one-step system-general method of moments
 approach with the export-status included directly in the production
 function. We found strong evidence of not only self-selection but also
 learning-by-exporting. Depending on the specification previous exporting
 appears to have shifted the production function by 15-26 per cent.
 Exporters had on average three times more employees, and paid 1.6 times
 higher average wage than non-exporters. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1594-1614 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902953058 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902953058  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huanjun Yu 
Author-X-Name-First: Huanjun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu 
Author-Name: Hans Van Ees 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Ees 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Title: Does Group Affiliation Improve Firm Performance? The Case of Chinese State-Owned Firms 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the performance of state-owned business groups in
 China. Group affiliation can be important for economic policy evaluation
 since the Chinese government promotes the formation of business groups as
 a first step in the process of reforming state enterprises into modern
 corporations. The analysis applies a range of econometric techniques to a
 sample of 657 Chinese state-owned firms in 2005 and shows that group
 affiliation has a robust positive effect on performance. Group affiliation
 may in this respect provide a successful alternative to large-scale
 privatisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1615-1632 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952365 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952365  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Futoshi Yamauchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Futoshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamauchi 
Author-Name: Nipon Poapongsakorn 
Author-X-Name-First: Nipon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poapongsakorn 
Author-Name: Nipa Srianant 
Author-X-Name-First: Nipa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Srianant 
Title: Technical Change and the Returns and Investments in Firm-level Training: Evidence from Thailand 
Abstract:
  This paper examines determinants of investments in and returns to
 training with focus on technical changes using employee panel data in Thai
 manufacturing industries. Empirical findings demonstrate significant
 returns to both on-the-job and off-the-job training in first-difference
 fixed effect estimation of wage equations, controlling for technical
 changes which differentially influence training investments and the
 returns. First, returns to informal on-the-job training are robust,
 contrary to findings from developed countries. Second, technical change
 induces both on-the-job and off-the-job training, and controlling for
 technical change makes returns to on-the-job training even larger.
 Implications for training and education policies are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1633-1650 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012748 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012748  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katy Gardner 
Author-X-Name-First: Katy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gardner 
Author-Name: Zahir Ahmed 
Author-X-Name-First: Zahir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed 
Title: Degrees of Separation: Informal Social Protection, Relatedness and Migration in Biswanath, Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This paper argues for a more precise and context specific understanding
 of mechanisms of 'informal social protection' in Bangladesh. The context
 is a 'Londoni' village in Sylhet which has high levels of internal and
 overseas migration. The economic boom caused by the latter provides
 important employment opportunities for people from much poorer areas of
 Bangladesh, who have moved into the area. Yet, as our findings show, the
 extent to which the poor can call upon the help and protection of rich
 overseas migrants depends upon the degree of closeness to, or separation
 from, them. This is marked both through real and fictive kinship as well
 as geography: those that come from nearby become 'our own poor', whereas
 those from further away are treated as 'outsiders', not qualifying for
 significant 'help'. As the paper argues, access to hierarchically ordered
 places is vital for the sustainability of precarious livelihoods. Yet
 whilst geographical movement is an important survival strategy for the
 poor, it is only when social relations are established with wealthy
 patrons that it can be said to contribute to informal social protection. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 124-149 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802468587 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802468587  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanjay Reddy 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reddy 
Author-Name: Camelia Minoiu 
Author-X-Name-First: Camelia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minoiu 
Title: Real Income Stagnation of Countries 1960-2001 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the phenomenon of real-income stagnation (in which
 real-income growth is uninterruptedly negligible or negative for a sizable
 sequence of years). We analyse data for four decades from a large
 cross-section of countries. Real income stagnation is a conceptually
 distinct phenomenon from low average growth and other features of the
 growth sequence that have been previously considered. We find that real
 income stagnation has affected a significant number of countries (103 out
 of 168), and resulted in substantial income loss. Countries that suffered
 spells of real income stagnation were more likely to be poor, in Latin
 America or sub-Saharan Africa, conflict ridden and dependent on primary
 commodity exports. Stagnation is also very likely to persist over time.
 Countries that were afflicted with stagnation in the 1960s had a
 likelihood of 75 per cent of also being afflicted with stagnation in the
 1990s. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-23 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265249 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265249  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jutta Bolt 
Author-X-Name-First: Jutta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolt 
Author-Name: Dirk Bezemer 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezemer 
Title: Understanding Long-Run African Growth: Colonial Institutions or Colonial Education? 
Abstract:
  Long-term growth in developing countries has been explained in four
 frameworks: 'extractive colonial institutions' (Acemoglu et al., 2001),
 'colonial legal origin' (La Porta et al., 2004), 'geography' (Gallup et
 al., 1998) and 'colonial human capital' (Glaeser et al., 2004). In this
 paper we test the 'colonial human capital' explanation for sub-Saharan
 Africa, controlling for legal origin and geography. Utilising data on
 colonial era education, we find that instrumented human capital explains
 long-term growth better, and shows greater stability over time, than
 instrumented measures for extractive institutions. We suggest that the
 impact of the disease environment on African long-term growth runs through
 a human capital channel rather than an extractive-institutions channel.
 The effect of education is robust to including variables capturing legal
 origin and geography, which have additional explanatory power. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 24-54 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802468603 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802468603  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rock 
Title: Corruption and Democracy 
Abstract:
  Most models and empirical tests of the relationship between corruption
 and democracy assume corruption falls as democracy matures. Yet recent
 theoretical developments and case evidence suggest an inverted U
 relationship between the two, although so far no one has tested for this
 relationship. By drawing on a panel data set covering a large number of
 countries between 1982-1997, substantial empirical support is found for an
 inverted U relationship between the durability (age) of democracy and
 corruption. Fortunately, the turning point in corruption occurs rather
 early in the life of new democracies&#xa0;-&#xa0;between 10-12 years. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 55-75 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802468579 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802468579  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luisa Blanco 
Author-X-Name-First: Luisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blanco 
Author-Name: Robin Grier 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grier 
Title: Long Live Democracy: The Determinants of Political Instability in Latin America 
Abstract:
  We investigate the underlying causes of political instability in a panel
 of 18 Latin American countries from 1971-2000. We test whether regime
 type, regime durability, factionalism, income inequality, ethnic
 diversity, ethnic discrimination, regional spillover effects, urban growth
 and macroeconomic variables matter for instability. We find several
 important results: (1) democracy has a significant negative effect on
 instability that is robust to several alternative specifications; (2)
 factionalised political systems experience higher instability; (3) income
 inequality, ethnic fractionalisation, and urban growth have important
 nonlinear effects on instability; and (4) of the macroeconomic variables
 we study, only openness to trade has a significant negative effect on
 instability. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 76-95 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264788 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802264788  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yujiro Hayami 
Author-X-Name-First: Yujiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hayami 
Title: Social Capital, Human Capital and the Community Mechanism: Toward a Conceptual Framework for Economists 
Abstract:
  For facilitating the development of a consensus on the concept of social
 capital among economists, this paper proposes its operational definition
 in a way consistent with the definitions of physical and human capital and
 discusses the relevance on the use of the metaphor of capital for social
 capital. Further, the unique characteristics in the production and
 accumulation of social capital in comparison with physical and human
 capital are identified in relation with the community which is considered
 the central mechanism to produce social capital. The merits and drawbacks
 of the community relative to the market and the state are examined with
 the aim of identifying the conditions under which social capital can be
 supplied efficiently in the direction of promoting economic progress. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 96-123 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802468595 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802468595  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sung Jin Kang 
Author-X-Name-First: Sung Jin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang 
Author-Name: Yasuyuki Sawada 
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuyuki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawada 
Title: Did Public Transfers Crowd Out Private Transfers in Korea During the Financial Crisis? 
Abstract:
  How effective are public transfers in protecting households facing
 financial crisis-induced negative shocks? Existing studies have not yet
 carefully considered the inter-relationship between public transfers and
 the existing private transfer network. In the context of the financial
 crisis in Korea, this paper investigates the possible crowding-out effect
 of public transfers on private transfers by explicitly considering the
 endogenous responses of private transfers against public transfers. By
 using two Korean household-level panel data sets for the periods of
 1995-1998 and 1998-2003, we found a post-crisis, but not pre-crisis
 crowding-out effect of public transfers; more importantly, a crowding-in
 effect is observed during the crisis. The results suggest that private
 transfer networks were strengthened under the initial phase of the
 financial crisis, which possibly complemented public transfers due to the
 lack of effective formal safety nets, while public transfers became
 effective after the crisis, thereby replacing private transfers. Our
 results suggest that particularly at the initial stage of the crisis, the
 government could have played an important role in assisting households to
 weather the negative impacts of the crisis. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 276-294 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265017 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265017  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Vargas Hill 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vargas Hill 
Title: Using Stated Preferences and Beliefs to Identify the Impact of Risk on Poor Households 
Abstract:
  Whilst the importance of uncertainty in shaping economic behaviour of
 poor households is widely acknowledged, empirically identifying the impact
 of risk is difficult. By using data on risk preferences and perceptions of
 risk collected through hypothetical questions in combination with more
 traditional measures of a household's ability to deal with risk, this
 article identifies the impact of risk on production decisions. It shows
 both that data on stated preferences and beliefs can be usefully utilised
 to explain household behaviour, and that risk has a significant impact on
 the production decisions of poor households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 151-171 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802553065 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802553065  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Hilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilson 
Author-Name: Sadia Mohammed Banchirigah 
Author-X-Name-First: Sadia Mohammed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banchirigah 
Title: Are Alternative Livelihood Projects Alleviating Poverty in Mining Communities? Experiences from Ghana 
Abstract:
  This paper critiques the approach being taken in Ghana to implement
 Alternative Livelihood (AL) projects in mining communities. The rapid
 insurgence of illegal artisanal gold mining has forced policymakers to
 think more creatively about ways in which to deal with mounting
 unemployment in the country's rural areas. Most of the economic activities
 being promoted, however, have proved highly unpopular with target groups.
 The adopted policy approaches reflect how little in tune the organisations
 championing AL activities are with the mindsets and ambitions of rural
 populations. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 172-196 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802553057 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802553057  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gert Jan Veldwisch 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veldwisch 
Author-Name: Alex Bolding 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolding 
Author-Name: Philippus Wester 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wester 
Title: Sand in the Engine: The Travails of an Irrigated Rice Scheme in Bwanje Valley, Malawi 
Abstract:
  The establishment of the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme (BVIS) in Malawi
 is a striking example of informed amnesia in development assistance.
 Despite the lessons learned earlier concerning a process approach to
 participatory irrigation development in Africa, in the case of BVIS
 outside interveners designed an irrigation system and parachuted it into
 Bwanje Valley as a black-boxed technology. Using a sociotechnical
 approach, this article analyses the travails of this irrigation scheme,
 showing that the conventional irrigation factory mindset is ill-suited for
 creating durable water networks. Achieving tangible improvements in rural
 livelihoods is better served by the interactive prototyping of water
 networks in situ, ensuring that new irrigation schemes are embedded in
 existing landscapes and complementary to existing livelihood strategies
 rather than supplanting them. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 197-226 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265587 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265587  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:2:p:197-226




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alastair Orr 
Author-X-Name-First: Alastair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orr 
Author-Name: Blessings Mwale 
Author-X-Name-First: Blessings 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mwale 
Author-Name: Donata Saiti-Chitsonga 
Author-X-Name-First: Donata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saiti-Chitsonga 
Title: Exploring Seasonal Poverty Traps: The 'Six-Week Window' in Southern Malawi 
Abstract:
  Conventional wisdom in Malawi holds that seasonal food deficits force
 smallholders to hire out their labour to buy food during the critical
 first six weeks after planting, thereby reducing maize yields on their own
 fields and reinforcing poverty. This model was tested empirically for the
 Blantyre Shire Highlands using evidence from a panel survey and household
 case studies. Results showed no significant relationship between the
 supply of hired labour (ganyu) and the timeliness of weeding for maize,
 and that timely weeding was not a significant determinant of household
 maize deficits. This puzzle is explained by the diversification of the
 rural economy that has allowed households to develop alternative
 livelihood strategies to cope with maize deficits. Livelihood diversity
 helped poor households avoid the seasonal poverty trap and also helps
 explain the paradox of why the poorest region in Malawi escaped the
 2001-2002 famine. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 227-255 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265330 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265330  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:2:p:227-255




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Appleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Appleton 
Author-Name: John Knight 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight 
Author-Name: Lina Song 
Author-X-Name-First: Lina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Song 
Author-Name: Qingjie Xia 
Author-X-Name-First: Qingjie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia 
Title: The Economics of Communist Party Membership: The Curious Case of Rising Numbers and Wage Premium during China's Transition 
Abstract:
  As the Chinese Communist Party has loosened its grip in a more
 market-oriented economy, why have membership and the economic benefits of
 joining risen? We use three national household surveys over 11 years to
 answer this question for wages in urban China. Individual demand for Party
 membership is treated as an investment in 'political capital' that brings
 monetary rewards in terms of a wage premium that has risen in recent
 years. However, this does not explain why the wage premium is higher for
 the personal characteristics that reduce the probability of membership.
 Rationing with a scarcity value for members with those characteristics
 provides an explanation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 256-275 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264739 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802264739  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:2:p:256-275




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonna Estudillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estudillo 
Author-Name: Yasuyuki Sawada 
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuyuki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawada 
Author-Name: Keijiro Otsuka 
Author-X-Name-First: Keijiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka 
Title: The Changing Determinants of Schooling Investments: Evidence from Villages in the Philippines, 1985-89 and 2002-04 
Abstract:
  This paper aims to explore the changing determinants of child progress
 through school over the last two decades using unique long-term
 household-panel data from four villages in the Philippines. In a regime of
 low income in the late 1980s, income from farming is the most important
 source of funds to finance child schooling. As households shift away from
 farm to non-farm activities and their children pursue higher education,
 non-farm income and revenues from pawning of land have emerged as main
 sources of schooling funds in the early 2000s. In this process, farm
 income has lost its prime importance as a determinant of schooling
 investments among rural households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 391-411 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265371 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265371  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:391-411




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Deumert 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deumert 
Author-Name: Nkululeko Mabandla 
Author-X-Name-First: Nkululeko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mabandla 
Title: I-Dollar EYI One! -Ethnolinguistic Fractionalisation, Communication Networks and Economic Participation-Lessons from Cape Town, South Africa 
Abstract:
  The relationship between ethnolinguistic fractionalisation and
 development has long been of interest to economists and linguists. While
 econometric analyses have shown relatively stable interactions between
 high levels of fractionalisation and low indices of development, the
 mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unclear. This paper
 explores the importance of fragmented versus unified communication
 networks for socio-economic development, using data from Cape Town, South
 Africa. Like other cities in low- and middle-income countries, Cape Town
 shows growing linguistic diversity due to high levels of rural-urban
 migration. Two aspects of the city's economy will be discussed on the
 basis of specialised survey data and anthropological fieldwork: (a) the
 labour market, and (b) informal entrepreneurial activities. The analysis
 shows the importance of language as an explanatory variable in the study
 of economic life, and allows us to advance our understanding of human and
 social capital formation in ethnolinguistically fragmented societies. In
 the conclusion the authors discuss the policy implications of the study. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 412-440 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582353 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582353  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:412-440




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alpa Shah 
Author-X-Name-First: Alpa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah 
Title: Morality, Corruption and the State: Insights from Jharkhand, Eastern India 
Abstract:
  Corruption is analysed by addressing the interrelations between the moral
 and political economy regulating state-based welfare provision in
 Jharkhand, India. On the one hand, the article focuses on the rural elite
 to show that 'corrupt' practices are not just guided by financial utility
 but also by non-material interests, underpinned by a multivarious moral
 economy. On the other hand, the article shows that the poorest in the
 rural areas (adivasis or Scheduled Tribes) keep away from the state,
 seeing it as beyond the moral pale, and instead resurrect an alternative
 sovereign structure. The adivasi perspectives are influenced by a
 political economy of historical experiences of the state and
 interrelations with the elites. The paper concludes that a particular
 political economy is intimately connected with a moral economy, and that
 transformations in political economy affect the moral economy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 295-313 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802600866 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802600866  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:295-313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Kenny 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kenny 
Title: Measuring Corruption in Infrastructure: Evidence from Transition and Developing Countries 
Abstract:
  This paper examines what we can say about the extent and impact of
 corruption in infrastructure using existing evidence. There is evidence
 that most perceptions measures appear to be very weak proxies for the
 actual extent of corruption in the infrastructure sector, largely (but
 inaccurately) measuring petty rather than grand corruption. Survey
 evidence is more reliable, but limited as a tool for differentiating
 countries in terms of access to infrastructure finance or appropriate
 policy models. The paper suggests that a focus on bribe payments as the
 indicator of the costs of corruption in infrastructure may be misplaced. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 314-332 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265066 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265066  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:314-332




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniele Checchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniele 
Author-X-Name-Last: Checchi 
Author-Name: Massimo Florio 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Florio 
Author-Name: Jorge Carrera 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrera 
Title: Privatisation Discontent and Utility Reform in Latin America 
Abstract:
  Privatisation faces strong and increasingly popular opposition in Latin
 America. This paper uses individual data on social attitudes,
 socioeconomic status and demographic information from three waves of
 Latinobarometro surveys (1998, 2000 and 2002) in 17 countries to study the
 role of privatisation of utilities and its distributional impact. We find
 that disagreement with privatisation is most likely when the respondent is
 on a low-to-middle income and when it involves a high proportion of public
 services such as water and electricity. This complements recent empirical
 research that points to distributional concerns in the implementation of
 privatisation in Latin America, particularly because of inadequate
 regulation of utilities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 333-350 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264937 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802264937  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:333-350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorothee Boccanfuso 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boccanfuso 
Author-Name: Antonio Estache 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estache 
Author-Name: Luc Savard 
Author-X-Name-First: Luc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Savard 
Title: A Macro-Micro Analysis of the Effects of Electricity Reform in Senegal on Poverty and Distribution 
Abstract:
  This paper uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) macro-micro model
 to explore the distributional effects of price reform in the electricity
 sector of Senegal. In the first part of the paper we analyse the
 distribution of electricity in Senegal by income quintiles, between 1995
 and 2001. The analysis demonstrates that poor and rural households are not
 the main beneficiaries of the expanded network. The results of the CGE
 model show that direct price effects are weaker than general equilibrium
 effects on poverty and inequality. Moreover, compensatory policies tested
 can help attenuate some adverse effects. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 351-368 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582361 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582361  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:351-368




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharon Barnhardt 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnhardt 
Author-Name: Dean Karlan 
Author-X-Name-First: Dean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlan 
Author-Name: Stuti Khemani 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khemani 
Title: Participation in a School Incentive Programme in India 
Abstract:
  Education policy has recently focused on improving accountability and
 incentives of public providers for actual learning outcomes, often with
 school-based reward programmes for high performers. The Learning Guarantee
 Programme in Karnataka, India, is prominent among such efforts, providing
 cash transfers to government schools that achieve learning at specified
 high levels. This study examines whether schools that self-selected into
 the incentive programme are different than those that did not. The answer
 has important implications for how to evaluate the impact of such a
 programme. Although we find no significant differences in resources and
 characteristics, we do find significant and substantial differences in
 test scores prior to selection into the programme, with better performing
 schools more likely to opt-in. These findings also provide insight into
 how incentive-based programmes that focus on levels of (rather than
 changes in) achievement can exacerbate inequality in education. Failing
 schools, since they are more likely to opt-out of incentive programmes,
 are likely to require other targeted programmes in order to improve. In
 addition, our findings reinforce the value of randomised controlled trials
 to evaluate incentive programmes since evaluations that rely on matching
 schools based on resources (if, for instance, pre-programme test scores
 are unavailable) will be biased if resources poorly predict test scores. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 369-390 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265058 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265058  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:3:p:369-390




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Wampler 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wampler 
Title: Following in the Footsteps of Policy Entrepreneurs: Policy Advocates and Pro Forma Adopters 
Abstract:
  The third wave of democratisation has been accompanied by the spread of
 new institutions that allow citizens to directly participate in shaping
 policy outcomes. Leading international organisations, such as the World
 Bank and UN Habitat, have disseminated 'best practice' programmes
 identified with 'good government' policy reform efforts. One of the best
 known programmes, participatory budgeting (PB), was first adopted by an
 entrepreneurial government in 1989 as a means to promote social justice,
 accountability, and transparency. Yet, when these programmes are copied by
 policy advocates and pro forma adopters, the political pay-offs for
 government officials are smaller, which leads them to provide weaker
 support for the adopted policy. This article demonstrates that policy
 entrepreneurs are more likely to provide greater resources and support to
 innovative policies than their policy advocates and pro forma adopter
 counterparts due to the types of political payoffs available to them. The
 article concludes by considering when it might be most appropriate for
 international funding agencies and nongovernmental organisations to
 promote best practice policies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 572-592 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582346 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582346  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:572-592




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maureen Chitundu 
Author-X-Name-First: Maureen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chitundu 
Author-Name: Klaus Droppelmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Droppelmann 
Author-Name: Steven Haggblade 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggblade 
Title: Intervening in Value Chains: Lessons from Zambia's Task Force on Acceleration of Cassava Utilisation 
Abstract:
  Smallholder farmers operate in vertical supply chains. Therefore, an
 understanding of key opportunities and constraints up through the value
 chain becomes necessary for sustaining smallholder growth. Yet market
 analysis is of little value unless key private and public sector
 stakeholders agree to implement necessary reforms. This paper advocates an
 approach which marries together value chain analysis with a stakeholder
 task force to ensure that analysis of opportunities and constraints gets
 translated into actions that will facilitate commercial growth. Using
 Zambia's cassava task force as an example, the paper describes the value
 chain task force method and identifies elements critical to its effective
 implementation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 593-620 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582320 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582320  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:593-620




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Rubin 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubin 
Title: The Entitlement Approach: A Case for Framework Development Rather than Demolition: A Comment on 'Entitlement Failure and Deprivation: A Critique of Sen's Famine Philosophy' 
Abstract:
  The article dismisses most of the objections previously forwarded in this
 journal by Khandakar Qudrat-I Elahi against Amartya Sen's framework for
 famine analysis: the entitlement approach. Instead, the article argues
 that even 30 years after the conception of the entitlement approach, it
 remains a potent framework for famine analysis, as illustrated by the
 recent 2005 famine in Niger. However, as contemporary famines are
 increasingly linked to factors that have hitherto received limited
 attention in entitlement analysis&#xa0;-&#xa0;conflicts, legal collapses
 and political struggles&#xa0;-&#xa0;the article calls for supplementary
 famine analysis on the meso and macro levels. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 621-640 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802649947 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802649947  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:621-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Qudrat-I. Elahi 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qudrat-I. Elahi 
Title: The Entitlement Approach&#xa0;-&#xa0;A Case for Framework Development Rather than Demolition: A Reply to Rubin 
Abstract:
  This is my response to Olivier Rubin's critique of my paper 'Entitlement
 failure and deprivation: a critique of Sen's famine philosophy'. I have
 examined his criticisms in the light of Hume's philosophy of human
 knowledge and consider them weak in logical content. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 641-645 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802649954 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802649954  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:641-645




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Rubin 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubin 
Title: The Entitlement Approach&#xa0;-&#xa0;A Case for Framework Development Rather than Demolition: Rejoinder 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 646-648 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902727940 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902727940  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:646-648




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Krishna Kumar 
Author-X-Name-First: T. Krishna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar 
Author-Name: Sushanta Mallick 
Author-X-Name-First: Sushanta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mallick 
Author-Name: Jayarama Holla 
Author-X-Name-First: Jayarama 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holla 
Title: Estimating Consumption Deprivation in India Using Survey Data: A State-Level Rural-Urban Analysis Before and During Reform Period 
Abstract:
  This paper assesses deprivation in India employing a measure proposed by
 Sitaramam and using consumption data at the household level. As cereals
 constitute a staple food and form a major portion of expenditure on food,
 the deprivation measure considered here is deprivation in cereal
 consumption. The total expenditure at which the Engel curve for cereals
 turns from concave to convex is taken as the cut-off to determine the
 deprived households. It is shown that cereal deprivation at the all-India
 level exhibits a declining trend over the period 1987-1988 and 1999-2000
 in the rural sector, while there is little change in the urban sector.
 Further, this decline in cereal deprivation seems to have been slowing
 down during the reform period. The estimates of deprivation are poorly
 correlated with the Head Count Index (HCI) and Poverty Gap Index (PGI) at
 state level, both in rural and urban sectors. They, however, have better
 temporal correlations with those poverty measures. We offer some
 explanation for these observed differences in alternate deprivation
 indices. The trends in cereal deprivation are accompanied in some cases by
 a decline, in real terms, in maximum cereal consumption of each group of
 consumers. Whether this is an improvement or otherwise of the living
 standards of the poor, must await further analysis of per capita food
 consumption in general, with an analysis of prices and quantities of
 various food items. It is hoped that this kind of study on deprivation of
 essential commodities may increase our understanding of poverty, and even
 suggest direct intervention strategies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 441-470 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265207 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265207  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:441-470




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda Stalker Prokopy 
Author-X-Name-First: Linda Stalker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prokopy 
Title: Determinants and Benefits of Household Level Participation in Rural Drinking Water Projects in India 
Abstract:
  Using data from households in 45 villages in rural India, this paper
 finds that wealth, literacy, household and village size are often
 determinants of two measures of participation in community-based
 development projects: meeting attendance and capital cost contributions.
 Using propensity score matching, this study concludes that participation
 leads to benefits for the households that participate although these
 benefits are strongest in regions with higher levels of overall
 participation. This study finds no evidence of elite capture with both
 poor and wealthy households benefiting from their participation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 471-495 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265504 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265504  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:471-495




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Deininger 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger 
Author-Name: S. Jin 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin 
Author-Name: H. K. Nagarajan 
Author-X-Name-First: H. K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nagarajan 
Title: Land Reforms, Poverty Reduction, and Economic Growth: Evidence from India 
Abstract:
  Recognition of the importance of institutions that provide security of
 property rights and relatively equal access to economic resources to a
 broad cross-section of society has renewed interest in the potential of
 asset redistribution, including land reforms. Empirical analysis of the
 impact of such policies is, however, scant and often contradictory. We use
 panel household data from India, together with state-level variation in
 the land reform implementation, to address some of the deficiencies of
 earlier studies. Results suggest that land reform had a significant and
 positive impact on income growth and accumulation of human and physical
 capital. Policy implications are drawn, especially from the fact that the
 observed impact of land reform seems to have declined over time. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 496-521 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902725670 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902725670  
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:4:p:496-521




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vegard Iversen 
Author-X-Name-First: Vegard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen 
Author-Name: Kunal Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen 
Author-Name: Arjan Verschoor 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verschoor 
Author-Name: Amaresh Dubey 
Author-X-Name-First: Amaresh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dubey 
Title: Job Recruitment Networks and Migration to Cities in India 
Abstract:
  Economists have focused on job search and supply-side explanations for
 network effects in labour transactions. This paper develops and tests an
 alternative explanation for the high prevalence of network-based labour
 market entry in developing countries. In our theoretical framework,
 employers use employee networks as screening and incentive mechanisms to
 improve the quality of recruitment. Our framework suggests a negative
 relationship between network use and the skill intensity of jobs, a
 positive association between economic activity and network use and a
 negative relationship between network use and pro-labour legislation.
 Furthermore, social identity effects are expected to intensify when
 compared to information-sharing and other network mechanisms. Using data
 from an all-India Employment Survey, we implement a novel empirical
 strategy to test these relationships and find support for our demand-side
 explanation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 522-543 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902725688 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902725688  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amy Poteete 
Author-X-Name-First: Amy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poteete 
Title: Is Development Path Dependent or Political? A Reinterpretation of Mineral-Dependent Development in Botswana 
Abstract:
  Poor management of earnings from valuable natural resources results in a
 syndrome known as Dutch Disease, characterised by real exchange rate
 appreciation, high labour costs, and structural imbalances in economic
 development. Often a product of rentier politics, Dutch Disease undermines
 long-term economic performance in resource dependent economies resulting
 in a 'resource curse'. The conventional wisdom argues that institutions
 and state development at the time of a resource boom lock countries into
 divergent developmental trajectories. I argue that political coalitions
 lay the foundation for development of state and other institutions, and
 that changes in coalitions drive changes in policy responses to resource
 booms. Botswana's experience illustrates the argument. Botswana has not
 entirely avoided symptoms of Dutch Disease, but has kept them largely in
 check despite the fragility of state institutions when diamonds were
 discovered. A broad and stable political coalition during the first
 decades of independence encouraged adoption of pro-growth policies and
 institutions. Rather than lock the country into a persistent development
 trajectory, these institutions left room for changes in political
 coalitions. As political coalitions change, economic policies and
 performance are also likely to change. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 544-571 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265488 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265488  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Naschold 
Author-X-Name-First: Felix 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naschold 
Title: Microeconomic Determinants of Income Inequality in Rural Pakistan 
Abstract:
  Inequality matters for poverty reduction. However, it is often unclear
 what policy could do to change the distribution of income as to date there
 is little quantitative evidence about the household characteristics that
 determine the level of income inequality and its changes over time. This
 paper sets out to identify these determinants by adapting a
 regression-based inequality decomposition technique and applying it to
 panel data from rural Pakistan. Land ownership is key to explaining the
 level of inequality, but not its changes. In contrast, higher education
 drives changes, but not the level of inequality. Household location
 affects both, reflecting growing differences in market access across
 regions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 746-768 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902753193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902753193  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadia Belhaj Hassine-Belghith 
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia Belhaj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassine-Belghith 
Title: Exporting, Technical Efficiency and Product Quality: An Empirical Analysis of the Agricultural Sector in the Mediterranean Countries 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the association between exporting and
 agricultural performance in terms of production efficiency and product
 quality. We test for the learning-by-exporting and self selection effects
 in a panel of advanced and developing Mediterranean countries involved in
 global market liberalisation. Product quality measures are inferred from
 trade data using a discrete choice demand model, and technical efficiency
 scores are appraised using a stochastic production frontier approach.
 Based on joint estimation of the performance equations and a dynamic
 export probit decision, the empirical results lend strong support to the
 self-selection hypothesis. Exporting appears to help quality upgrading
 that encourages more efficient use of resources. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 769-788 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902753201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902753201  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niagale Bagoyoko 
Author-X-Name-First: Niagale 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagoyoko 
Author-Name: Marie Gibert 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibert 
Title: The Linkage between Security, Governance and Development: the European Union in Africa 
Abstract:
  The international community currently favours an approach to development
 that stresses a triangular linkage between security, good governance and
 economic development. This approach clearly informs the European Union's
 agenda in Africa, which has progressively integrated governance and
 security elements. This paper will show that this agenda is at least as
 much determined by the bureaucratic and national affiliations of the
 concerned EU actors as it is by African realities and international
 trends. African security indeed triggers a competition between the
 different European institutions, eager to be the driving force for a
 policy that can offer some additional resources and autonomy. The
 consistency and the credibility of the EU security policy in Africa will
 therefore depend on the responses provided to these institutional
 rivalries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 789-814 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582312 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582312  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aram Ziai 
Author-X-Name-First: Aram 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziai 
Title: Aid and Power - The Next Generation 
Abstract:
  The Aid Effect. Giving and Governing in International Development David
 Mosse and David Lewis London: Pluto, 2005, pp. 232, &#xa3;60 and
 &#xa3;18.99, ISBN 0 725 32387 1 and 0 745 32386 3 The Will to Improve.
 Governmentality, Development, and the Practice of Politics Tanya Murray Li
 Durham: Duke University Press, 2007, pp. 392, &#xa3;70 and &#xa3;18.99,
 ISBN 0 822 34008 9 and 0 822 34027 5 The Whiteness of Power. Racism in
 Third World Development and Aid Paulette Goudge London: Lawrence &
 Wishart, 2003, pp. 224, &#xa3;16.99, ISBN 0 853 15957 2 The Paternalism of
 Partnership. A Postcolonial Reading of Identity in Development Aid Maria
 Eriksson Baaz London: Zed, 2005, pp. 224, &#xa3;50 and &#xa3;18.99, ISBN 1
 842 77411 4X and 1 842 77415 8 Inclusive Aid: Changing Power and
 Relationships in International Development Edited by Leslie Groves and
 Rachel Hinton London: Earthscan, 2004, pp. 212, &#xa3;70 and &#xa3;19.99,
 ISBN 1 844 07032 8 and 1 844 07033 6 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 815-823 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902910173 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902910173  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Shaffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaffer 
Title: Poverty Dynamics: Interdisciplinary Perspectives 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 823-825 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902910256 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902910256  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Kees van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Donge 
Title: Democracy and Development 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 825-826 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902910264 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902910264  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Toft 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toft 
Title: Reforming Pensions. Principles and Policy Choices 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 826-828 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902910207 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902910207  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sascha Klotzbucher 
Author-X-Name-First: Sascha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klotzbucher 
Title: Sustainable Development in Western China: Managing People, Livestock and Grasslands in Pastoral Areas 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 828-830 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902910272 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902910272  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joshua Aizenman 
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aizenman 
Author-Name: Yothin Jinjarak 
Author-X-Name-First: Yothin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jinjarak 
Title: Globalisation and Developing Countries - a Shrinking Tax Base? 
Abstract:
  This paper evaluates the impact of globalisation on tax bases of
 countries at varying stages of development. We see globalisation as a
 process that induces countries to embrace greater trade and financial
 integration. This in turn should shift their tax revenue from 'easy to
 collect' taxes (tariffs and seigniorage) towards 'hard to collect' taxes
 (value added and income taxes). We find that trade and financial openness
 have a positive association with the 'hard to collect' taxes, and a
 negative association with the easy to collect taxes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 653-671 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582338 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582338  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Firat Demir 
Author-X-Name-First: Firat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Demir 
Title: Volatility of Short-term Capital Flows and Private Investment in Emerging Markets 
Abstract:
  Using micro-level panel data, the paper analyses the impacts of
 short-term capital flow volatility on new fixed investment spending of
 publicly traded real sector firms in three major emerging
 markets&#xa0;-&#xa0;Argentina, Mexico and Turkey. The empirical results,
 including sensitivity tests, suggest that increasing volatility of capital
 inflows has an economically and statistically significant negative effect
 on new investment spending of private firms. Accordingly, a 10 per cent
 increase in capital flow volatility reduces fixed investment spending in
 the range of 1-1.7, 2.3-15, and 1 per cent in Argentina, Mexico and Turkey
 respectively. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 672-692 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582379 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582379  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohsen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bahmani-Oskooee 
Author-Name: Scott Hegerty 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hegerty 
Title: Trade Liberalisation, the Peso, and Mexico's Commodity Trade Flows with the United States 
Abstract:
  We assess the effects of real peso devaluations, as well as the effects
 of GATT and NAFTA, on Mexico's in-payments and out-payments with the
 United States for 102 industries. We find that relatively few trade flows
 are sensitive to changes in the real exchange rate, probably due to
 production-sharing and intra-industry trade, but devaluations affect
 Mexican imports more than exports. Trade liberalisation has had a larger
 impact, particularly on imports of intermediate goods and exports of
 certain manufactures. Many affected export industries are ones that have
 previously been shown to have economies of scale. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 693-725 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802582387 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802582387  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:5:p:693-725




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustin Kwasi Fosu 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustin Kwasi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fosu 
Title: Inequality and the Impact of Growth on Poverty: Comparative Evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  This study explores the extent to which inequality affects the impact of
 income growth on the rates of poverty changes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
 compared to non-SSA, based on an unbalanced panel of 86 countries over
 1977-2004. For all three measures of poverty&#xa0;-&#xa0;headcount, gap,
 and squared gap&#xa0;-&#xa0;the impact of GDP growth on poverty reduction
 is a decreasing function of initial inequality. The impacts are similar in
 direction for SSA and non-SSA, so that within both regions there are
 considerable disparities in the responsiveness of poverty to income
 growth, depending on inequality. Nevertheless, the income-growth
 elasticity is substantially less for SSA, implying relatively small
 poverty-reduction response to growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 726-745 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802663633 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802663633  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna 
Title: Why Don't 'the Poor' Make Common Cause? The Importance of Subgroups 
Abstract:
  Analyses that regard 'the poor' as a sociological category need to take
 account of recent studies quantifying the extent of flux within these
 ranks. Frequent movements into and out of poverty regularly refresh the
 pool of the poor. Large numbers of poor people were not born poor: they
 have descended into poverty, some quite recently. Concurrently, many
 formerly poor people have escaped from poverty. Distinct subgroups are
 defined by these divergent trajectories. Members of different subgroups
 have diverse economic needs, political interests and mobilisation
 potential, making cohesive action as a political force unlikely (and
 certainly uncertain) among all of 'the poor'. Policies to assist poor
 people will be more effective, and political analysis will yield more
 fruitful results, if instead of working with any generic category of 'the
 poor' heed is taken of subgroup-specific experiences and demands. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 947-965 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902807379 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902807379  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Edward Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Author-Name: George Dyer 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dyer 
Title: Migration and the Sending Economy: A Disaggregated Rural Economy-Wide Analysis 
Abstract:
  Most economic research on migration impacts focuses on the households
 that send the migrants and get the remittances, ignoring linkages with
 others in the sending economies. This paper offers an alternative,
 disaggregated economy-wide perspective on migration and its impacts. Data
 from the 2003 Mexico National Rural Household Survey are used to calibrate
 a series of interacting rural household models nested within a general
 equilibrium model of the whole rural economy. Simulations reveal that the
 impacts of international migration and remittances on sending areas depend
 critically on the ways in which local markets transmit influences among
 households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 966-989 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802265553 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802265553  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Lister 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lister 
Title: Changing the Rules? State-Building and Local Government in Afghanistan 
Abstract:
  This paper looks at how a certain understanding of states is affecting
 the types of activities emphasised in state-building agendas. It proposes
 an approach to understanding states and their roles, drawing on ideas of
 institutions and their rules as a means of mediating power, and applies
 this to a discussion of two 'state-building' initiatives at the
 subnational level in Afghanistan. It shows how resistance to attempts to
 impose 'bureaucratic rules', coupled with the international community's
 failure to understand the role of states in mediating power, has
 contributed to the failure to date of interventions to reform local
 government. This has directly affected reconstruction and stability in
 Afghanistan. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 990-1009 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902802222 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902802222  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:6:p:990-1009




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joao Ernesto Van Dunem 
Author-X-Name-First: Joao Ernesto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Dunem 
Author-Name: Channing Arndt 
Author-X-Name-First: Channing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arndt 
Title: Estimating Border Tax Evasion in Mozambique 
Abstract:
  The relationship between border tax rates and evasion is examined for
 Mozambique using the methodology developed by Fisman and Wei (2004). We
 find that high tax rates are associated with high levels of
 under-reporting of import values and that tax rates have a strong and
 positive effect on tax evasion. Results also strongly confirm the presence
 of fraudulent classification of merchandise into lower taxed product
 categories. Finally, analysis of the revenue implications of lower trade
 taxes finds that the revenue curve is quite flat but remains upward
 sloping with respect to the tax rate when only evasion is considered. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1010-1025 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952324 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952324  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:6:p:1010-1025




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Author-Name: Bart Minten 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten 
Title: Insecurity and Welfare: Evidence from County Data 
Abstract:
  Using original survey data collected at the county (commune) level, we
 examine the relationship between insecurity and welfare in Madagascar.
 Correcting for unobserved heterogeneity at the commune level, we find that
 insecurity is associated with lower incomes and health status in all our
 analysis, and it is associated with lower school enrolment and higher
 infant mortality in some regressions. Results are robust to the inclusion
 of shocks potentially affecting both welfare and insecurity. We further
 find a significant association between insecurity and the provision of
 certain public services, notably schooling and health care. A similar
 relationship is found with the placement of development projects. Taken
 together, the evidence suggests that insecurity is an important
 determinant of welfare. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 831-863 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902802206 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902802206  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nidhiya Menon 
Author-X-Name-First: Nidhiya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menon 
Title: Rainfall Uncertainty and Occupational Choice in Agricultural Households of Rural Nepal 
Abstract:
  Although agriculture is the main occupation in rural Nepal, evidence
 suggests that households strive to diversify their sources of income. This
 paper investigates why this is the case. Using household data from the
 World Bank and information on rainfall for the various rural districts of
 Nepal, we find that occupational choice is highly correlated to the
 uncertainty associated with historical rainfall patterns. Where the head
 is employed in agriculture, other family members are less likely to choose
 agriculture as an occupation in districts where rain is more uncertain.
 Estimates indicate that for a 1 per cent increase in the coefficient of
 variation of rain, there is a 0.61 per cent decrease in the probability of
 choosing the same occupation as the household head, where the head is
 classified as self-employed in agriculture. The negative effect of
 rainfall uncertainty on occupational choice is less evident in households
 that have access to credit, and in households with relatively high levels
 of human capital. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 864-888 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902807387 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902807387  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:6:p:864-888




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rasmus Heltberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heltberg 
Author-Name: Niels Lund 
Author-X-Name-First: Niels 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lund 
Title: Shocks, Coping, and Outcomes for Pakistan's Poor: Health Risks Predominate 
Abstract:
  Reporting the results of a novel survey of shocks, coping, outcomes, and
 safety nets in Pakistan, we find high incidence and cost of shocks borne
 by households, with health and other idiosyncratic shocks dominating in
 frequency, costliness, and adversity. Sample households lack effective
 coping options and use mostly self-insurance and informal credit. Many
 shocks result in food insecurity, informal debts, child and bonded labour,
 and recovery is slow. Private and public social safety nets exist but
 offer little effective protection. Public action is needed to better
 control public health hazards and provide non-exploitative credit and more
 effective safety nets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 889-910 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902802214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902802214  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:6:p:889-910




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Bene 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bene 
Title: Are Fishers Poor or Vulnerable? Assessing Economic Vulnerability in Small-Scale Fishing Communities 
Abstract:
  An index of economic vulnerability is developed and used with a more
 conventional measure of income poverty to explore vulnerability and
 chronic poverty in isolated rural communities. The method is applied to
 data from remote rural fishing-farming communities in Congo. The analysis
 highlights the high vulnerability of full-time fisherfolk and identifies
 mobility as a key factor increasing vulnerability. In line with other
 recent economic research, our work also shows that households can remain
 highly vulnerable even when their incomes lie well above the average local
 income. These different results are consistent with the more specialised
 literature on small-scale fisheries, confirming the robustness of the
 analysis proposed in this paper. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 911-933 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902807395 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902807395  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:6:p:911-933




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grant Jacobsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Grant 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobsen 
Title: Health and Death Risk and Income Decisions: Evidence from Microfinance 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the relationship between health and death risk and
 income decisions in rural Pakistan. Using data from a microfinance
 institution, we analyse how insurance against hospitalisation and
 accidental death influences the purpose of microcredit loans. After
 correcting for the endogeneity of insurance uptake, we find that
 individuals are more likely to maintain the same loan purpose as their
 previous loan if they are insured. The result suggests that households
 that are insured against hospitalisation and accidental death pursue less
 diversified income portfolios. This movement away from diversification may
 increase expected profits. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 934-946 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890250 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890250  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Fajnzylber 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fajnzylber 
Author-Name: William F. Maloney 
Author-X-Name-First: William F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maloney 
Author-Name: Gabriel V. Montes-Rojas 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montes-Rojas 
Title: Releasing Constraints to Growth or Pushing on a String? Policies and Performance of Mexican Micro-Firms 
Abstract:
	      Using firm-level data from Mexico, this paper investigates
 the firm characteristics associated with participation in credit markets,
 access to training, tax payments and membership in business associations.
 We find that firms which participate in these institutions exhibit
 significantly higher profits. Moreover, firms that borrow from formal or
 informal sources and those that pay taxes are significantly more likely to
 stay in business but firms that received credit exhibit lower rates of
 income growth. These results persist when firm characteristics that are
 arguably correlated with unobserved entrepreneurial ability are controlled
 for. Our findings suggest that the significant within-country differences
 in firm productivity observed in developing economies are due in part to
 market and government failures that limit the ability of micro-firms to
 reach their optimal sizes.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1027-1047 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802264911 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380802264911 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1027-1047




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: John Rand 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rand 
Author-Name: Finn Tarp 
Author-X-Name-First: Finn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp 
Title: Enterprise Growth and Survival in Vietnam: Does Government Support Matter? 
Abstract:
	      This paper analyses whether direct government assistance
 during start-up and other forms of interaction with the state sector have
 influenced the long-run performance of small and medium-sized
 manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Using three partly
 overlapping surveys during the period 1990-2000, we find strong effects on
 firm dynamics from interaction with state institutions. Enterprises which
 have the state sector as their main customer perform better. This is so
 for both survival and growth. Moreover, temporary tax exemptions during
 firm start-up had a separate and positive influence on long-run growth for
 non-household enterprises and initial credit support seems to benefit
 rural firms.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1048-1069 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902811025 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902811025 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1048-1069




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. T. Nziramasanga 
Author-X-Name-First: M. T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nziramasanga 
Author-Name: S. Bhattacharjee 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharjee 
Author-Name: M. Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: Viability of Self-Employment 
Abstract:
	      Empirical studies on self-employment uniformly cite the high
 mortality rate in both developed and developing countries. Several studies
 on the entry into self-employment incorporate a savings constraint. Policy
 makers and international aid agencies have responded by providing credit
 to would-be entrepreneurs yet the mortality rate persists. We formulate a
 model of the viability of self-employment that incorporates the impact of
 cost perceptions at the time of entry. We use the ability to meet monthly
 loan repayment ratios as a measure of viability since loans are usually
 the largest explicit cost. Our results have important policy implications
 on the desirability of interest rate subsidies, the size of initial
 capital relative to market size and criteria for granting additional
 credit to existing enterprises.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1070-1092 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902811033 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902811033 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1070-1092




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Dorward 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dorward 
Author-Name: Jonathan Kydd 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kydd 
Author-Name: Colin Poulton 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poulton 
Author-Name: Dirk Bezemer 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezemer 
Title: Coordination Risk and Cost Impacts on Economic Development in Poor Rural Areas 
Abstract:
	      This paper addresses issues relevant to a critical problem in
 economic development: how to get rapid pro-poor economic growth in poor
 rural areas in Africa and South Asia where most of the world's dollar a
 day poor live. It examines constraints to the development of coordinated
 exchange systems in poor rural areas, focusing on the core problem of thin
 markets and low density of economic activity in these areas. Transaction
 cost and risk analysis is integrated into a conventional neoclassical
 production economics framework to describe the existence of low level
 equilibrium traps in transactions and supply chains and to generate
 important insights for development policy.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1093-1112 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802550277 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380802550277 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Moritz 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz 
Author-Name: Britney R. Kyle 
Author-X-Name-First: Britney R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyle 
Author-Name: Kevin C. Nolan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nolan 
Author-Name: Steve Patrick 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patrick 
Author-Name: Marnie F. Shaffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Marnie F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaffer 
Author-Name: Gayatri Thampy 
Author-X-Name-First: Gayatri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thampy 
Title: Too Many People and Too Few Livestock in West Africa? An Evaluation of Sandford's Thesis 
Abstract:
	      We examine whether Stephen Sandford's (2006b) 'too many
 people, too few livestock' thesis for the Greater Horn of Africa applies
 to West Africa. In a comparative study of seven pastoral systems across
 West Africa we found that pastoralists have generally successfully adapted
 to pressures on grazing resources. We describe three adaptive strategies:
 1) integration and intensification in the Sudanian zone; 2) movement to
 the Sub-Humid zone; and 3) extensification in the Sahelian zone. We end by
 proposing four interrelated factors that account for the differences in
 pastoral systems between West Africa and the Greater Horn of Africa.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1113-1133 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902811058 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902811058 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1113-1133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benno Ferrarini 
Author-X-Name-First: Benno 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrarini 
Title: Compensatory Aid and Debt Relief: A Case Study of Uganda 
Abstract:
	      We propose a contingency financing framework to assist
 low-income countries in the achievement of debt sustainability. The
 framework relies on an accounting method to quantify external shocks to
 the balance of payments and provides compensatory financing to offset
 their impact. We apply the framework to the case of Uganda during the
 period 1988-2002 and find that it would have been highly effective in
 identifying and offsetting the adverse liquidity implications of shocks to
 the country's trade balance.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1134-1149 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902811017 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902811017 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1134-1149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tay-Cheng Ma 
Author-X-Name-First: Tay-Cheng 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma 
Title: Development Strategy and Export-Led Growth: Lessons Learned from Taiwan's Experience 
Abstract:
	      This paper investigates Taiwan's development strategy from
 both demand-side (policies that bias production incentives against
 domestic market demand and toward exports) and supply-side (policies that
 favour tradable against service or non-tradable sectors) perspectives. In
 the early stages of Taiwan's economic development, the strategy mix
 increased overall factor productivity by reallocating resources from the
 less productive (service or domestic) sectors to the more productive
 (manufacturing or exporting) ones and helped achieve the goal of reaching
 global markets through the exploitation of comparative advantage. However,
 as the Taiwanese economy developed, government intervention turns out to
 be ineffective because of how it distorts resource allocation, in
 particular a neglect of services sectors.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1150-1164 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902811041 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902811041 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1150-1164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Waldkirch 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waldkirch 
Author-Name: Peter Nunnenkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunnenkamp 
Author-Name: Jose Eduardo Alatorre Bremont 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alatorre Bremont 
Title: Employment Effects of FDI in Mexico's Non-Maquiladora Manufacturing 
Abstract:
	      This paper analyses whether foreign direct investment (FDI)
 has contributed to employment generation in Mexico's non-maquiladora
 manufacturing sector. Drawing on highly disaggregated FDI and employment
 data, we estimate dynamic labour demand functions for blue and white
 collar workers, including FDI as well as its interaction with major
 industry characteristics. FDI has a significantly positive, though
 quantitatively modest impact on manufacturing employment in Mexico. This
 applies to both white collar and blue collar employment. The employment
 enhancing effects of FDI are larger in export oriented industries. In more
 capital-intensive industries, the employment effect of FDI remains
 positive for blue collar workers but not white collar ones.	      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1165-1183 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902952340 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1165-1183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felicitas Nowak-Lehmann D. 
Author-X-Name-First: Felicitas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nowak-Lehmann D. 
Author-Name: Inmaculada Mart�nez-Zarzoso 
Author-X-Name-First: Inmaculada 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mart�nez-Zarzoso 
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen 
Author-Name: Dierk Herzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Dierk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herzer 
Title: Aid and Trade - A Donor's Perspective 
Abstract:
	      One reason donors provide foreign aid is to support their
 exports to aid-recipient countries. Time series data for Germany suggests
 an average return of between US$1.04-$1.50 for each US dollar of aid spent
 by Germany. Although this is well below previous estimates, the value is
 robust to different specifications and econometric approaches.
 Interestingly, we find strong evidence of crowding out between bilateral
 donors in the sense that bilateral aid from other EU members significantly
 reduces exports from Germany to the recipients. The evidence suggests
 that, in the long run, aid causes exports and not vice versa. We discuss
 the implications these findings might have for aid volumes and allocation. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1184-1202 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952407 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380902952407 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1184-1202




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lloyd-Sherlock 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Sherlock 
Title: Health and Development. Toward a Matrix Approach 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1203-1204 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903063170 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380903063170 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1203-1204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jos� R. S�nchez-Fung 
Author-X-Name-First: Jos� R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: S�nchez-Fung 
Title: Domestic Resource Mobilisation and Financial Development 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1204-1206 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903063246 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380903063246 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mak Arvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvin 
Title: Development Aid: A Fresh Look 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1206-1207 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903063261 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380903063261 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1206-1207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Tsoukis 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsoukis 
Title: Growth Divergences: Explaining Differences in Economic Performance 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1207-1209 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903063287 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380903063287 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1207-1209




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Barlow 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barlow 
Title: Income Distribution and Sustainable Economic Development in East Asia. A Comparative Analysis 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1209-1210 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903063295 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220380903063295 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:7:p:1209-1210




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Rose Clark-Kazak 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina Rose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark-Kazak 
Title: Towards a Working Definition and Application of Social Age in International Development Studies 
Abstract:
  An emerging body of literature in childhood studies addresses the
 socially constructed nature of age that varies across time and place.
 However, despite the robustness of existing theory, few practitioners
 working in development contexts, where children and young people make up a
 large percentage of the population, consistently distinguish between
 biological facts of human development and the social meanings ascribed to
 different stages in the life cycle. Drawing on feminist theory and
 practical experiences of 'gender mainstreaming' in development studies,
 this article proposes and applies a working definition of 'social age' to
 supplement the prevailing focus on chronological age, embodied in legal
 definitions of 'the child'. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1307-1324 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902862952 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902862952  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:8:p:1307-1324




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eskander Alvi 
Author-X-Name-First: Eskander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvi 
Author-Name: Seife Dendir 
Author-X-Name-First: Seife 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dendir 
Title: Private Transfers, Informal Loans and Risk Sharing Among Poor Urban Households in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  In this paper we examine how households in poor urban areas manage risks
 by use of transfers and loans. Compared to the sizeable literature dealing
 with the rural poor the literature on the urban poor is limited. This
 paper attempts to fill this gap by using household survey data from urban
 Ethiopia. We find that whereas both instruments&#xa0;-&#xa0;private
 transfers and informal loans&#xa0;-&#xa0;help households augment low and
 uncertain incomes, only transfers respond to observable signals of
 vulnerability, thus likely serving risk sharing purposes, while loans are
 largely dictated by household demand and resource proxies, therefore
 smoothing consumption though lacking the risk sharing property. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1325-1343 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902862929 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902862929  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:8:p:1325-1343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Ang 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ang 
Title: Household Saving Behaviour in an Extended Life Cycle Model: A Comparative Study of China and India 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the determinants of household saving in China and
 India over the last few decades using the life cycle model, with
 appropriate modifications to account for the expected benefits of pension
 saving. Consistent with the predictions made in the life cycle model,
 higher income growth promotes more household saving, and higher age
 dependency does the opposite. An increase in the inflation rate appears to
 encourage household saving. Interestingly, the evidence suggests that an
 increase in expected pension benefits tends to discourage household saving
 in China in the long run, but the reverse is found in India. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1344-1359 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935840 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935840  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:8:p:1344-1359




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Niaz Asadullah 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Niaz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asadullah 
Author-Name: Nazmul Chaudhury 
Author-X-Name-First: Nazmul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhury 
Title: Reverse Gender Gap in Schooling in Bangladesh: Insights from Urban and Rural Households 
Abstract:
  This paper documents a reverse gender gap in secondary schooling outcomes
 in Bangladesh drawing upon several rounds of nationally representative
 household survey data. In terms of enrolment status and years of schooling
 completed, boys are found to lag behind girls in the rural as well as in
 the urban area. Within the urban sample, the gender gap is widest in the
 non-metropolitan area. These findings are robust to extensive control for
 demand and supply-side determinants of schooling and remain unchanged even
 when we use a within household estimator. We consider one hypothesis,
 namely gender-differentiated response to a conditional cash transfer
 program to reconcile the findings of this reverse gender gap. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1360-1380 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935824 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935824  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:8:p:1360-1380




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dong-Hyeon Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Hyeon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Author-Name: Shu-Chin Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Shu-Chin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: Trade and Growth at Different Stages of Economic Development 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates whether trade openness contributes to long-run
 economic growth and the effect varies with the level of economic
 development. We implement this analysis through the instrument-variable
 threshold regressions approach. The empirical evidence shows that there
 indeed exists an income threshold above which greater trade openness has
 beneficial effects on economic growth and below which heightened trade has
 detrimental consequences. It implies that greater international trade and
 integration may contribute to more diverging economies. In addition, the
 relationship of trade with growth is found to work possibly through both
 investment and productivity growth channels. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1211-1224 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902862937 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902862937  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:8:p:1211-1224




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Voigt 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Voigt 
Title: The Effects of Competition Policy on Development&#xa0;-&#xa0;Cross-Country Evidence Using Four New Indicators 
Abstract:
  Over the last two decades, many developing countries have introduced
 competition policies. This paper introduces four new indicators on various
 aspects of competition laws and competition agencies to make competition
 policies comparable. These indicators are used to estimate the effects of
 competition policies and all four contribute at least marginally to
 explaining differences in total factor productivity. This is also true if
 developing countries are analysed separately. In addition to the direct
 effects of competition policy on total factor productivity, an indirect
 effect is identified: countries scoring high with regard to competition
 policy suffer less from corruption. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1225-1248 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902866862 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902866862  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:45:y:2009:i:8:p:1225-1248




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mavannoor Parameswaran 
Author-X-Name-First: Mavannoor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parameswaran 
Title: International Trade, R&D Spillovers and Productivity: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Industry 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the effect of trade facilitated R&D spillovers on the
 productivity of manufacturing firms in India, inter-sectoral variation in
 the effect on productivity and the importance of firms' investment in R&D,
 technology imports and plant and machinery in enhancing the productivity
 effect. Using firm level panel data, the study shows that R&D spillovers
 have a significant effect on productivity and that this effect is greater
 in technology-intensive industries. The paper also shows that firms'
 investment in plant and machinery enhances the productivity effect of R&D
 spillovers. The paper provides detailed micro-level evidence on the
 argument that trade openness promotes technological progress in developing
 countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1249-1266 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902862911 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902862911  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kunal Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen 
Author-Name: Dirk Te Velde 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Te Velde 
Title: State Business Relations and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  This paper contributes to the literature on the determinants of economic
 growth in sub-Saharan Africa by examining the effect of effective
 state-business relations on economic growth for a panel of 19 sub-Saharan
 African countries for the period 1970-2004. We propose a measure that we
 argue captures the various dimensions of effective state-business
 relations in sub-Saharan Africa. We then estimate standard growth
 regressions using dynamic panel data methods with this measure, along with
 the more conventionally used measures of institutional quality such as
 degree of executive constraints, the rule of law, the degree of corruption
 and the quality of the bureaucracy. Our results show that effective
 state-business relations contribute significantly to economic
 growth&#xa0;-&#xa0;countries which have shown improvements in
 state-business relations have witnessed higher economic growth,
 controlling for other determinants of economic growth and independent of
 other measures of institutional quality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1267-1283 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902863307 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902863307  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Jonakin 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonakin 
Title: Labour and Its Discontents: The Consequences of Orthodox Reform in Venezuela and Mexico 
Abstract:
  The negative impacts of orthodox liberalisation policies on labour in
 Venezuela and Mexico were representative of outcomes elsewhere in Latin
 America. Untheorised increases in precarious informal work, unemployment,
 and emigration as well as a growing breech between wages and productivity
 followed trade, capital, and labour market reforms and the prescribed
 macro stabilisation policies. Orthodox reforms in both countries
 paradoxically facilitated market failures given the forms or modes taken
 by foreign direct investment (FDI), which introduced ever more increasing
 scale economies with their attendant information imperfections. In
 addition, the growing competition from tradeable goods faced by domestic
 producers in both countries and the decision to buy rather than make
 technologies by way of FDI undermined job creation and induced
 inter-sectoral flows toward service sector and informal work. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1284-1306 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902862945 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902862945  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Cole 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole 
Author-Name: Robert Elliott 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elliott 
Author-Name: Jing Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: Corruption, Governance and FDI Location in China: A Province-Level Analysis 
Abstract:
  China's recent rapid growth has been matched by large increases in
 exports and foreign direct investment (FDI), but considerable regional
 disparities in FDI flows exist. We use detailed province level data for
 China to examine the determinants of intra-country FDI flows.
 Specifically, we investigate whether FDI is attracted to those regions
 that exhibit good governance and are most strongly engaged in the fight
 against corruption, constructing proxies for provincial government
 efficiency and anti-corruption effort. Our regression results confirm that
 FDI is attracted to provinces with relatively high levels of government
 efficiency and are actively involved in the fight against corruption. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1494-1512 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890276 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890276  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Chong 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chong 
Author-Name: Gianmarco Leon 
Author-X-Name-First: Gianmarco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leon 
Title: Privatised Firms and Labour Outcomes in Emerging Markets 
Abstract:
  A recent large firm-level dataset is analysed to compare labour
 indicators of privatised, private, and public firms around the world, in
 particular differences relating to wages, benefits, labour composition,
 education and training, unionisation, and quality of management. We find
 that labour productivity and the ratio of permanent to temporary workers
 increase after privatisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1513-1525 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902935899 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902935899  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Groizard 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Groizard 
Title: Technology Trade 
Abstract:
  This study addresses the question of why some countries import more
 research and development-intensive goods than others. Using a panel data
 set of 80 countries for the period 1970-1995, results indicate that
 domestic investment, foreign direct investment and the quality of
 intellectual property rights systems positively affect technology imports.
 However, the higher the percentage of the workforce with primary studies,
 the lower technology imports are. Moreover, intellectual property rights
 tend to reinforce the positive role played by foreign direct investments
 in importing technology while the ability of imitation reduces the effect
 of intellectual property rights. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1526-1544 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952332 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952332  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Fehrler 
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fehrler 
Author-Name: Katharina Michaelowa 
Author-X-Name-First: Katharina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michaelowa 
Author-Name: Annika Wechtler 
Author-X-Name-First: Annika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wechtler 
Title: The Effectiveness of Inputs in Primary Education: Insights from Recent Student Surveys for Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  With SACMEQ and PASEC there are now two large data bases available on
 student achievement, socio-economic background and school and teacher
 characteristics in both anglophone and francophone sub-Saharan Africa. A
 joint analysis of PASEC and SACMEQ in a common education production
 function framework allows us to estimate the impact of educational inputs
 on student achievement in 21 sub-Saharan African countries and to compare
 our results with those of earlier empirical studies for education systems
 in Africa and other world regions. In our analysis we focus on school
 equipment, teacher quality and class organisation. The issue of teacher
 and student incentives cannot be adequately addressed with the given data.
 Our results are based on a traditional retrospective analysis of student
 achievement in PASEC and SACMEQ countries. In contrast to the 'nothing
 works' result from most industrialized countries' studies we find robust
 positive correlations of achievement test scores and the possession of
 textbooks and negative correlations with teaching in shifts. The most
 striking result is the weak or even absent correlation of achievement test
 scores and teacher education and professional training. However, some
 differences between francophone and anglophone education systems can be
 observed in this context if differences in the sampling methodology are
 duly taken into account. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1545-1578 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802663625 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802663625  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaoke Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: Between Decisiveness and Credibility: Transforming the Securities Industry in Singapore and Thailand 
Abstract:
  This article suggests a political party-centred explanation of economic
 policy reforms that differs significantly from the standard theoretical
 models that emphasise social coalitions, government systems, regime types
 or electoral cycles. The explanatory approach advanced here focuses on
 inter-party and intra-party organisational dimensions within an integrated
 analytical framework as the major determinants of both the decisiveness of
 policy reforms and the credibility of such reforms. A comparative analysis
 of government efforts to transform the securities industry in Singapore
 and Thailand provides preliminary evidence with which to explore the
 proposed causal linkage between the patterns of stock market reforms and
 the changing configurations of political parties. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1381-1402 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380802661066 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380802661066  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Wagstaff 
Author-X-Name-First: Adam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wagstaff 
Title: Reranking and Pro-Poor Growth: Decompositions for China and Vietnam 
Abstract:
  Reranking in the move from one income distribution to another makes it
 impossible to infer from changes in Lorenz and generalised Lorenz curves
 how income growth among those toward the bottom of the initial income
 distribution compares to that among those toward the top, and whether
 there has been income growth among those who were initially poor.
 Decompositions allowing for reranking indicate that economic growth in
 China and Vietnam has been better for households who were initially poor
 than changes in the Lorenz and generalised Lorenz curve and poverty growth
 curve would suggest. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1403-1425 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890227 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890227  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Gradin 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gradin 
Title: Why is Poverty So High Among Afro-Brazilians? A Decomposition Analysis of the Racial Poverty Gap 
Abstract:
  This study aimed to identify the major factors underlying the discrepancy
 in poverty levels between whites and blacks in Brazil. An
 Oaxaca-Blinder-type decomposition was performed in order to quantify the
 extent to which differences in observed characteristics (characteristics
 effect) account for this difference. The remaining unexplained part
 (coefficients effect) provides evidence on how these characteristics are
 differentially associated with the risk of poverty in each group. Our
 results show that the characteristics effect explains a large part of the
 discrepancy in poverty levels: education and labour variables explain
 one-half of the gap, and geographic and sociodemographic variables another
 two-fifths. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1426-1452 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890235 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890235  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben D'Exelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'Exelle 
Title: Excluded Again: Village Politics at the Aid Interface 
Abstract:
  Making use of a rural household survey, we show that in villages with a
 stronger monopolisation of the aid interface by local elites, households
 are more likely excluded from all aid. Moreover, these villages have less
 access to aid but this tends to be insufficient for political alternatives
 to emerge spontaneously, mainly due to their relatively low visibility in
 these villages. Finally, if village members themselves manage to bring
 about a political change, this does not automatically improve the
 conditions of the most excluded. We recommend aid donors to assume a more
 active role in searching and selecting community representatives. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1453-1471 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890268 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890268  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Charron 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Charron 
Title: The Impact of Socio-Political Integration and Press Freedom on Corruption 
Abstract:
  The analyses in this study demonstrate a more nuanced understanding of a
 previously understood phenomenon&#xa0;-&#xa0;that openness has a negative
 relationship with corruption. It is argued that this relationship is
 substantially influenced by the domestic context, a relationship that has
 been underdeveloped by previous empirical studies. Focusing on social and
 political integration, I find that the effect of openness on corruption is
 conditioned by domestic institutions. The empirical evidence suggests that
 while political and social openness have a significant impact in combating
 corruption given a free press, the impact of such international forces are
 negligible in cases where press freedoms are low. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1472-1493 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902890243 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902890243  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Selaya 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Selaya 
Author-Name: Rainer Thiele 
Author-X-Name-First: Rainer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thiele 
Title: Aid and Sectoral Growth: Evidence from Panel Data 
Abstract:
  This article examines empirically the proposition that aid to poor
 countries is detrimental for external competitiveness, giving rise to
 Dutch disease type effects. At the aggregate level, aid is found to have a
 positive effect on growth. A sectoral decomposition shows that the effect
 is (i) significant and positive in the tradable and the nontradable
 sectors, and (ii) equally strong in both sectors. The article thus
 provides no empirical support for the hypothesis that aid reduces external
 competitiveness in developing countries. A possible reason for this
 finding is the existence of large idle labour capacity that prevents the
 real exchange rate from appreciating. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1749-1766 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492856 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492856  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melanie O'Gorman 
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Gorman 
Author-Name: Manish Pandey 
Author-X-Name-First: Manish 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandey 
Title: Cross-Country Disparity in Agricultural Productivity: Quantifying the Role of Modern Seed Adoption 
Abstract:
  Inequality of agricultural labour productivity across the developing
 world has increased substantially over the past 40 years. This article
 asks: to what extent did the diffusion of Green Revolution seed varieties
 contribute to increasing agricultural labour productivity disparity across
 the developing countries? We find that 22 per cent of cross-country
 variation in agricultural labour productivity can be attributed to the
 diffusion of high-yielding seed varieties across countries, and that the
 impact of such diffusion differed significantly across regions. We discuss
 the implications of these findings for policy directed at increasing
 agricultural labour productivity in the developing world. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1767-1785 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492862 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492862  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Knight 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight 
Author-Name: Li Shi 
Author-X-Name-First: Li 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi 
Author-Name: Deng Quheng 
Author-X-Name-First: Deng 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quheng 
Title: Son Preference and Household Income in Rural China 
Abstract:
  Why is it that couples who have a son or whose last child is a son earn
 higher conditional income? To solve this curious case we tell a detective
 story: evidence of a phenomenon to be explained, a parade of suspects, a
 process of elimination from the enquiry, and then the denouement. Given
 the draconian family planning policy and a common perception that there is
 strong son preference in rural China, we postulate two main hypotheses:
 income-based sex selection making it more likely that richer households
 have sons, and an incentive for households with sons to raise their
 income. Tests of each hypothesis are conducted. Taken as a whole, the
 tests cannot reject either hypothesis but they tend to favour the
 incentive hypothesis; and there is evidence in support of the channels
 through which the incentive effect might operate. To our knowledge, this
 is the first study to test these hypotheses against each other in rural
 China and more generally in developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1786-1805 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492948 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492948  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thandika Mkandawire 
Author-X-Name-First: Thandika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkandawire 
Title: On Tax Efforts and Colonial Heritage in Africa 
Abstract:
  One commonly observed phenomena about taxation in Africa are regional
 differences and the fact that southern African countries have higher
 levels of shares of taxation in GDP. This article argues that the major
 source of differences in 'tax effort' is the colonial histories of various
 countries. Using standard measures of 'tax effort in a panel data
 framework and dividing colonial Africa along forms of incorporation into
 the colonial system, it shows that African countries and others with
 similar colonial histories have higher levels of 'tax effort'. However,
 the difference disappears when we control for the colonial factor. These
 results hold under different model specifications. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1647-1669 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.500660 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.500660  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nauro Campos 
Author-X-Name-First: Nauro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campos 
Author-Name: Cheng Hsiao 
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hsiao 
Author-Name: Jeffrey Nugent 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nugent 
Title: Crises, What Crises? New Evidence on the Relative Roles of Political and Economic Crises in Begetting Reforms 
Abstract:
  Crises beget reforms is a powerful hypothesis. But which type of
 crises&#xa0;-&#xa0;economic or political&#xa0;-&#xa0;are the main drivers
 of structural reforms? To answer this question, we construct measures of
 labour market and trade liberalisation and the two types of crises for a
 panel of about 100 developed and developing countries between 1960 and
 2000. We find that political crises are more important determinants of
 structural reforms than economic crises. This finding is robust to the
 inclusion of interdependencies between crises, feedbacks between reforms,
 different estimators and various alternative measures of crises. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1670-1691 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492865 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492865  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dolly Daftary 
Author-X-Name-First: Dolly 
Author-X-Name-Last: Daftary 
Title: Elected Leaders, Community and Development: Evidence on Distribution and Agency from a Case in India 
Abstract:
  Although democratic decentralisation or community development by elected
 leaders is hypothesised to broaden development, there is little evidence
 on just how elected leaders make distributional decisions and far less on
 how communities in turn shape their leaders' decisions. This study
 combines structural equation modelling with ethnography in India to
 investigate how leaders of elected local bodies called panchayats
 distribute development. While quantitative findings reveal that democratic
 decentralisation mitigates elite capture, ethnography gives insight into
 the role of political brokers in brokering development for votes, widening
 distribution to non elite groups. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1692-1707 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492867 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492867  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikkel Funder 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikkel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Funder 
Title: The Social Shaping of Participatory Spaces: Evidence from Community Development in Southern Thailand 
Abstract:
  Critical analysis of participatory community development has claimed that
 such approaches serve as a vehicle for social control and co-option by
 external actors. Drawing on a case study from Southern Thailand, this
 article argues that we need to take a less deterministic perspective, and
 pay more attention to the ways in which community members themselves
 manipulate or subvert participatory processes. The article shows how this
 may result in hybrid participatory practices and institutions that contain
 elements of both local and external interests, and which play a key role
 in defining the way power is constituted in local participatory spaces. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1708-1728 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492858 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492858  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jamie Davidson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jamie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson 
Title: How to Harness the Positive Potential of KKN: Explaining Variation in the Private Sector Provision of Public Goods in Indonesia 
Abstract:
  This article argues that the two prevailing perspectives that explain
 private sector participation in infrastructure in developing
 countries&#xa0;-&#xa0;new institutional economics and the rent-seeking
 approach&#xa0;-&#xa0;cannot account for the evident variations within and
 across sectors in a given country. This study uses two cases from
 Indonesia's attempt to promote private investment in toll road
 construction to demonstrate that a firm-level analysis is adequate to the
 task. In particular, the specific incentive structure that a rent-seeker
 faces may explain whether positive or negative rent will be facilitated. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1729-1748 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492866 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492866  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan De Brauw 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Brauw 
Title: Seasonal Migration and Agricultural Production in Vietnam 
Abstract:
  When markets are incomplete migration can have multiple effects on
 agricultural production. I use instrumental variables techniques to
 explore the effects of seasonal migration on agricultural production in
 rural Vietnam during the 1990s. Using network variables specific to
 Vietnam as instruments, I find that migrant households in north Vietnam
 appear to move out of rice production and into the production of other
 crops. Inputs used by migrant households decrease relative to similar
 non-migrant households. The evidence is consistent with a shift from labor
 intensive into land-intensive crops, rather than productivity changes or
 the use of additional capital in production. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 114-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903197986 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903197986  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juna Miluka 
Author-X-Name-First: Juna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miluka 
Author-Name: Gero Carletto 
Author-X-Name-First: Gero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carletto 
Author-Name: Benjamin Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Author-Name: Alberto Zezza 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zezza 
Title: The Vanishing Farms? The Impact of International Migration on Albanian Family Farming 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the impact of international migration on
 technical efficiency, resource allocation and income from agricultural
 production of family farming in Albania. The results suggest that
 migration is used by rural households as a pathway out of agriculture:
 migration is negatively associated with both labour and non-labour input
 allocation in agriculture, while no significant differences can be
 detected in terms of farm technical efficiency or agricultural income.
 Whether the rapid demographic changes in rural areas triggered by massive
 migration, possibly combined with propitious land and rural development
 policies, will ultimately produce the conditions for a more viable,
 high-return agriculture attracting larger investments remains to be seen. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 140-161 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903197978 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903197978  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:1:p:140-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amy Lynne Damon 
Author-X-Name-First: Amy Lynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Damon 
Title: Agricultural Land Use and Asset Accumulation in Migrant Households: the Case of El Salvador 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the effect that international migration and
 remittances have on agricultural outcomes at the household level in El
 Salvador. Panel data are used to examine land use allocations,
 agricultural asset accumulation, and agricultural input use and returns.
 Findings suggest that migration and remittances cause a household to
 reallocate land away from commercial cash crops toward the production of
 subsistence food crops. There is weak evidence that migration and
 remittances contribute positively to agricultural asset accumulation in
 the form of land and livestock holdings. Further, results suggest that
 migration and remittance do not affect agricultural input use and may
 decrease the returns to land and labour on farm, as migrant households
 farm their land less intensively than non-migrant households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 162-189 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903197994 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903197994  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:1:p:162-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Author-Name: Gero Carletto 
Author-X-Name-First: Gero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carletto 
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Title: Migration, Transfers and Economic Decision Making among Agricultural Households: an Introduction 
Abstract:
  The increasing volume of remittances and public transfers in rural areas
 of the developing world has raised hopes that these inflows may serve as
 an effective mechanism for reducing poverty in the long term by
 facilitating investments and raising productivity, particularly in
 agriculture where market failures are most manifest. The seven papers in
 this special issue systematically test the relationship between transfers
 and productive spending amongst rural households in six different
 countries. Overall, the studies embrace a less optimistic view of the role
 of migration and public and private transfers on agriculture, with
 migration as facilitating a transition away from agriculture or to models
 of less labour intensive agriculture. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-13 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903198000 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903198000  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Maluccio 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maluccio 
Title: The Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on Consumption and Investment in Nicaragua 
Abstract:
  This article examines the impact of a Nicaraguan conditional cash
 transfer programme on measures of expenditures and productive investment.
 Despite clear evidence from a randomised evaluation that the programme
 increased current expenditures, there is little evidence that it increased
 agricultural or non-agricultural investment. An estimated marginal
 propensity to consume out of the transfers of nearly one, combined with no
 effect of cumulative past transfers on current consumption, corroborate
 the direct evidence on investment. In contrast to gains made in human
 capital investment, the potential for long term increases in consumption
 as a result of other forms of increased investment may be limited. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 14-38 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903197952 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903197952  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Erin Todd 
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Erin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Todd 
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Author-Name: Tom Hertz 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hertz 
Title: Conditional Cash Transfers and Agricultural Production: Lessons from the Oportunidades Experience in Mexico 
Abstract:
  This paper explores whether cash transfer programmes conditioned on human
 capital outcomes can influence agricultural production. Programme impact
 on food consumption from own production, land use, livestock ownership,
 and agricultural spending are evaluated using first difference and
 weighted estimators, in which weights are constructed from propensity
 scores. The programme is found to increase the value and variety of food
 consumed from own production and to increase land use, livestock ownership
 and crop spending. Impact estimates are found to differ across land use
 categories and PROCAMPO participation. Results support the hypothesis that
 transfers influence agricultural production and impacts are greater for
 households invested in agriculture. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 39-67 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903197945 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903197945  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Edward Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Author-Name: Alejandro Lopez-Feldman 
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez-Feldman 
Title: Does Migration Make Rural Households More Productive? Evidence from Mexico 
Abstract:
  The migration of labour out of rural areas and the flow of remittances
 from migrants to rural households are an increasingly important feature of
 less developed countries. This paper explores ways in which migration
 influences incomes and productivity of land and human capital in rural
 households over time, using new household survey data from Mexico. Our
 findings suggest that a massive increase in migration to the United States
 increased per-capita incomes via remittances and also by raising land
 productivity in migrant-sending households. They do not support the
 pessimistic view that migration discourages production in migrant-sending
 economies, nor the view implicit in separable agricultural household
 models that migration and remittances influence household incomes but not
 production. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 68-90 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903198463 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903198463  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:1:p:68-90




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Author-Name: Scott McNiven 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: McNiven 
Title: Moving Forward, Looking Back: the Impact of Migration and Remittances on Assets, Consumption, and Credit Constraints in the Rural Philippines 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the impact of migration and remittances on asset
 holdings, consumption expenditures, and credit constraint status of
 households in origin communities, using a unique longitudinal data set
 from Bukidnon, Philippines. Taking into account the endogeneity of the
 number of migrants and remittances received, a larger number of migrant
 children reduces the values of nonland assets and total expenditures per
 adult equivalent. However, remittances have a positive impact on housing,
 consumer durables, nonland assets, total expenditures (per adult
 equivalent), and educational expenditures, enabling asset accumulation and
 investment in human capital. Neither migration nor remittances affects
 current credit constraint status. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 91-113 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903197960 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903197960  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:1:p:91-113




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjunan Subramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjunan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subramanian 
Author-Name: Matin Qaim 
Author-X-Name-First: Matin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qaim 
Title: The Impact of Bt Cotton on Poor Households in Rural India 
Abstract:
  The impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on the poor in developing
 countries is still the subject of controversy. While previous studies have
 examined direct productivity effects of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton
 and other GM crops, little is known about wider socioeconomic outcomes. We
 use a microeconomic modelling approach and comprehensive survey data from
 India to analyse welfare and distribution effects in a typical village
 economy. Bt cotton adoption increases returns to labour, especially for
 hired female workers. Likewise, aggregate household incomes rise,
 including for poor and vulnerable farmers. Hence, Bt cotton contributes to
 poverty reduction and rural development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 295-311 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002954 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002954  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:295-311




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vu Hoang Nam 
Author-X-Name-First: Vu Hoang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nam 
Author-Name: Tetsushi Sonobe 
Author-X-Name-First: Tetsushi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonobe 
Author-Name: Keijiro Otsuka 
Author-X-Name-First: Keijiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka 
Title: An Inquiry into the Development Process of Village Industries: The Case of a Knitwear Cluster in Northern Vietnam 
Abstract:
  While village industries are known to have high potential to grow, their
 growth process has seldom been analysed. This study explores the
 development process of a rapidly growing village-based garment cluster in
 northern Vietnam. We found that both the human capital and social capital
 (measured by the kinship ties with overseas Vietnamese traders) of the
 proprietors facilitated their innovative entry into new export markets.
 Furthermore, general human capital acquired by schooling and specific
 human capital acquired by management experience are found to have
 contributed to the adoption of a vertically integrated production system,
 which, in turn, contributed to enhanced enterprise performance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 312-330 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952373 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952373  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:312-330




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joachim De Weerdt 
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Weerdt 
Title: Moving out of Poverty in Tanzania: Evidence from Kagera 
Abstract:
  This paper uses linked qualitative and quantitative data to explore the
 growth trajectories of matched households in the Kagera region of
 Tanzania, finding that agriculture and trade provided the two main routes
 out of poverty. The interplay between initial conditions, shocks, networks
 and experiences of life beyond their village determine whether a person
 moves out of poverty in the following decade. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 331-349 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902974393 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902974393  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Langbein 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Langbein 
Author-Name: Stephen Knack 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knack 
Title: The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Six, One, or None? 
Abstract:
  Aggregate indexes of the quality of governance, covering large samples of
 countries, have become popular in comparative political analysis. Few
 studies examine the validity or reliability of these indexes. To partially
 fill this gap, this study uses factor, confirmatory factor and path
 analysis to test both measurement and causal models of the six Worldwide
 Governance indicators. They purportedly measure distinct concepts of
 control of corruption, rule of law, government effectiveness, rule
 quality, political stability, and voice and accountability. Rather than
 distinguishing among aspects of the quality of governance, we find that
 they appear to be measuring the same broad concept. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 350-370 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952399 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952399  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:350-370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark McGillivray 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGillivray 
Author-Name: Nora Markova 
Author-X-Name-First: Nora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Markova 
Title: Global Inequality in Well-being Dimensions 
Abstract:
  This paper contributes to the literature on global inequality in
 multidimensional well-being by examining inter-country disparities in the
 longevity, knowledge and standard of material living components of the
 well-known and widely-used Human Development Index for the years
 1992-2004. It differs from previous studies by examining global inequality
 in each of the components of this index alongside that of the index as a
 whole, thus side-stepping ambiguities over weighting that are inherent to
 multidimensional well-being indices. The Gini coefficient, both population
 and non-population weighted, is used to measure the extent of inequality.
 Results indicate that the different components often provide very
 different information to the index as a whole, especially with respect to
 changes in global inequality over time. Most component variables show
 declines in global inequality, whereas the longevity component exhibits
 increased inequality since 1992. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 371-378 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903033280 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903033280  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masahiro Shoji 
Author-X-Name-First: Masahiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shoji 
Title: Does Contingent Repayment in Microfinance Help the Poor During Natural Disasters? 
Abstract:
  Microfinances in Bangladesh introduced a contingent repayment system
 beginning in 2002, which allowed rescheduling of savings and installments
 during natural disasters for affected members. This paper is one of the
 first attempts to evaluate the system employing a unique dataset. In using
 evidence from a flood in 2004, the author found that rescheduling plays
 the role of a safety net by decreasing the probability that people skip
 meals during negative shocks by 5.1 per cent. This effect is even higher
 on the landless and females. This study attempts to contribute to the
 issue regarding the poverty reduction effect of microfinances. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 191-210 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952381 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952381  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:191-210




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo Becchetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Becchetti 
Author-Name: Stefano Castriota 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Castriota 
Title: The Effects of a Calamity on Income and Wellbeing of Poor Microfinance Borrowers: The Case of the 2004 Tsunami Shock 
Abstract:
  We investigate the effects of the 2004 Tsunami on a sample of
 microfinance borrowers. Our findings show that the severe loss of income
 of damaged borrowers only partially explains the dip in wellbeing. This is
 because the latter is also related to economic losses not measured by
 current income (that is, loss in wealth or in permanent income) and by
 psychological or emotional effects. Finally, we find that the role of risk
 on the Tsunami impact is partially captured by the interaction of the
 damage dummy with borrowers' productive activity. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 211-233 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002947 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002947  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:211-233




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kati Schindler 
Author-X-Name-First: Kati 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schindler 
Title: Credit for What? Informal Credit as a Coping Strategy of Market Women in Northern Ghana 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the use of informal credit as a strategy for managing
 risks by market women in northern Ghana. A broad concept of the costs of
 risk management strategies is introduced and encompasses both a time and
 monetary dimension. Based on qualitative data, the analysis reveals that
 market women invest a considerable amount of time in maintaining complex
 networks of informal credit providers to ensure their access to credit
 once a shock occurs. Informal credit involves high transaction costs and
 prevents market women from growing out of poverty in the long term. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 234-253 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002905 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002905  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:234-253




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanja Muller 
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muller 
Title: Changing Resource Profiles: Aspirations Among Orphans in Central Mozambique in the Context of an AIDS Mitigation Intervention 
Abstract:
  In this article the resource profile approach is used as a framework to
 explore wellbeing and future aspirations among orphans and vulnerable
 children in Central Mozambique who took part in an AIDS mitigation project
 aimed at shoring up rural livelihoods. It is shown that participation in
 the project has altered the resource profile of participants, not least in
 terms of shoring up cultural resources and enhancing the capacity to
 aspire. This has wider implications for individuals' resource profile
 dynamics more generally and strengthens the case for interventions into
 HIV/AIDS based on a holistic understanding of people's wellbeing. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 254-273 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380902952357 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380902952357  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:254-273




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Jerven 
Author-X-Name-First: Morten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jerven 
Title: Random Growth in Africa? Lessons from an Evaluation of the Growth Evidence on Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia, 1965-1995 
Abstract:
  Given shortcomings in basic data collection and insufficient resources in
 preparing official statistics African growth data are unlikely to be very
 reliable. Estimates of an annual growth rate of 3 per cent may be
 consistent with a reality between 0 and 6 per cent growth. Although data
 from international databases are widely used in an expanding literature on
 African growth there has been no research into how serious these data
 inaccuracies are. This paper addresses the reliability of the available
 growth evidence for a selection of countries and offers concrete measures
 of inaccuracies. It examines the reasons for discrepancies and shows that
 they can be quite large. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 274-294 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903370161 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903370161  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:2:p:274-294




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wenshu Gao 
Author-X-Name-First: Wenshu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao 
Author-Name: Russell Smyth 
Author-X-Name-First: Russell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth 
Title: Health Human Capital, Height and Wages in China 
Abstract:
  We estimate the returns to height using data from 12 Chinese cities. We
 present both ordinary least squares (OLS) and two-stage least squares
 (TSLS) estimates. In the latter height is instrumented using proxies for
 health human capital, accumulated in childhood and adolescence, which
 influence adult height. The TSLS estimates are much higher, reflecting the
 fact that the OLS estimates are determined by the random genetic factors
 influencing height, while the TSLS estimates also take into account
 returns from investment in health human capital during childhood and
 adolescence. These results imply considerable returns to investment in
 health human capital. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 466-484 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318863 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318863  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:3:p:466-484




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Craig Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: Craig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Author-Name: Michael Bowles 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowles 
Title: Making the Grade? Private Education in Northern India 
Abstract:
  Efforts to promote literacy and other forms of educational achievement in
 India have in recent years entailed policy reforms aimed at de-regulating
 the provision of primary and secondary education, especially in rural
 areas. In many States, deregulation has entailed the active promotion of
 privately-funded education, raising concerns about the motivations and
 qualifications of private schools and teachers, about social streaming and
 about the impact that privately-funded schools will have on the government
 system. Drawing upon a case study of private education in the Indian State
 of Madhya Pradesh, the following paper explores the ways in which the
 establishment of four privately-funded schools affected the socio-economic
 composition of students, the quality of teaching, the involvement of
 parents and caregivers and the performance and accountability of private
 school teachers and administrators. As we might expect, enrolment was
 biased strongly in favour of boys from forward castes, especially after
 Grade 5. However, the evidence also reveals that the private schools
 provided important opportunities for girls and children from lower caste
 families. Moreover, and on the basis of surveys and interviews we
 conducted with teachers, administrators and parents, the combination of
 temporary contracts and private payments appears to have created a
 situation in which teachers and administrators were explicitly concerned
 about the perceptions and expectations of parents, and parents were
 involved&#xa0;-&#xa0;or at least interested in&#xa0;-&#xa0;the education
 of their children. Whether such findings reflect the miracle of
 'market-based approaches'- as opposed to the values and aspirations of
 higher income families&#xa0;-&#xa0;the findings provide ample
 justification for further empirical study. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 485-505 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002939 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002939  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:3:p:485-505




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Knight 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight 
Author-Name: Ramani Gunatilaka 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramani 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunatilaka 
Title: The Rural-Urban Divide in China: Income but Not Happiness? 
Abstract:
  The paper presents subjective well-being functions for urban and rural
 China, based on a national household survey for 2002. Whereas the vast
 income disparity between urban and rural households is confirmed, it is
 found that, remarkably, rural households report higher subjective
 well-being than do their richer urban counterparts. A decomposition
 analysis explores the reasons for this reversal. It finds that there are
 many determinants of happiness other than absolute income, and that the
 determinants differ in the two sectors. An explanation for the puzzle is
 advanced in terms of relative concepts, income inequalities, orbits of
 comparison, and degrees of insecurity. Positive and normative implications
 are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 506-534 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012763 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012763  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristian Garcia Palomer 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia Palomer 
Author-Name: Ricardo Paredes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paredes 
Title: Reducing the Educational Gap: Good Results in Vulnerable Groups 
Abstract:
  We analyse the educational performance of a group of schools that serve
 socially vulnerable children and that have implemented distinguishable
 teaching and management methods. Conditioned to students, school
 characteristics, selection criteria and resources, robust performance
 measures show statistically significant economically relevant differences
 in favour of these schools. Whilst only a small part of this difference
 can be explained with simple management practices that we isolate
 statistically, there remain an important residual we can associate with
 distinctive practices identified in the qualitative literature as present
 in successful schools. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 535-555 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318038 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318038  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caryn Anne Peiffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Caryn Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peiffer 
Author-Name: Constantine Boussalis 
Author-X-Name-First: Constantine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boussalis 
Title: Foreign Assistance and the Struggle Against HIV/AIDS in the Developing World 
Abstract:
  The few studies that have examined the systematic determinants of
 HIV/AIDS policy cross-nationally have left the possible impact of foreign
 aid out of the equation. At a time when developed nations are critically
 reassessing their foreign aid commitments a deeper understanding of the
 impact of HIV/AIDS foreign aid on policy outcomes in the developing world
 is vital. This study expands the present literature by analyzing the role
 of foreign funding in a nation's response to the epidemic. The authors
 find that while HIV/AIDS directed foreign aid has significantly positive
 effects on a country's treatment coverage rates, the level of
 traditionalism is a more important influence with regard to the proclivity
 of a country to adopt preventative policies centred on HIV/AIDS education.
 Civil and political rights are critical, but not often the real problem
 for the destitute sick. My patients in Haiti can now vote but they can't
 get medical care or clean water. (Paul Farmer) 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 556-573 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903151041 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903151041  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonya Huffman 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huffman 
Author-Name: Marian Rizov 
Author-X-Name-First: Marian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizov 
Title: The Rise of Obesity in Transition: Theory and Empirical Evidence from Russia 
Abstract:
  This paper integrates theoretical and empirical models to study the rise
 of human obesity in Russia during the transition from a planned to a
 market economy. To test our hypotheses we use recent individual-level data
 from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for 1995 and 2004
 capturing representative periods of early and late transition. Estimation
 results strongly support our model of production and supply of BMI
 (body-mass index) and weight. The analysis indicates strong links between
 dietary patterns, individual characteristics, environmental factors and
 obesity in Russia. Understanding these relationships is important for
 designing effective public policies aiming to improve overall nutritional
 wellbeing and reduce obesity and mortality of the Russian population.
 Interventions, which enhance education and awareness of healthy lifestyles
 and healthy diet, could play a vital role in preventing obesity in Russia. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 574-594 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903383230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903383230  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Berenson 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berenson 
Title: Governance and the Depoliticisation of Development 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 595-596 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903549665 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903549665  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Climate Change and Global Poverty: A Billion Lives in the Balance? 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 596-597 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903441525 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903441525  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Read 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Read 
Title: Trade, Growth and Poverty Reduction: Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small States in the Global Economic System 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 597-599 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003593959 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003593959  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kunal Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen 
Title: India: The Political Economy of Growth, Stagnation and the State, 1951-2000 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 599-601 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003607668 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003607668  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Ruth Schuler 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney Ruth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuler 
Author-Name: Elisabeth Rottach 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rottach 
Title: Women's Empowerment across Generations in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This study uses qualitative data to examine young women's relationships
 with their mothers and mothers-in-law to understand how these
 relationships foster empowerment in the younger generation or fail to do
 so. The data consist of ethnographic interviews with 20 triads of
 women&#xa0;-&#xa0;young married women, their mothers and their
 mothers-in-law. Findings show that the influence of empowerment across
 generations was greater in the sphere of economic empowerment and
 education than in relation to marriage and childbearing. The study
 illustrates how patriarchal institutions resistant to change can limit the
 effects of women's empowerment on the next generation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 379-396 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318095 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318095  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:3:p:379-396




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippa Venning 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Venning 
Title: Marrying Contested Approaches: Empowerment and the Imposition of International Principles: Domestic Violence Case Resolution in Indonesia 
Abstract:
  Resolution of domestic violence disputes in Indonesia illustrates the
 contradictions between two international development
 trends&#xa0;-&#xa0;the increasing recognition of women's rights as human
 rights, and the emergence of empowerment approaches to community
 development. Despite the focus of legal empowerment programmes on
 increasing women's autonomy and finding creative solutions to legal
 problems, there is increasing pressure on women victims of violence to use
 the state criminal justice system to resolve domestic violence justified
 by international human rights principles. This pressure impedes
 empowerment programmes and fails to appreciate the capacity of local
 communities to apply and adapt international principles to their local
 context. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 397-416 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002913 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002913  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rubiana Chamarbagwala 
Author-X-Name-First: Rubiana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamarbagwala 
Author-Name: Martin Ranger 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranger 
Title: A Multinomial Model of Fertility Choice and Offspring Sex Ratios in India 
Abstract:
  We use the fertility histories of over 70,000 Indian women from the Third
 National Family and Health Survey to investigate the relationship between
 family size and offspring sex ratios in India. We find that families with
 three or more children exhibit gender equality in offspring sex ratios. In
 families with one or two children, however, there are less than 800
 daughters for every 1000 sons. Thus, we find an 'intensification'
 effect&#xa0;-&#xa0;namely, a positive correlation between family size and
 female-male offspring sex ratios. Our results indicate that greater wealth
 and paternal education may increase parents' access to and affordability
 of sex-selection technologies, thereby allowing them to choose both the
 sex of their children as well as a smaller family size. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 417-438 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012755 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012755  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaohui Hou 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaohui 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou 
Title: Wealth: Crucial but Not Sufficient&#xa0;-&#xa0;Evidence from Pakistan on Economic Growth, Child Labour and Schooling 
Abstract:
  This study uses cross-sectional time-series data to examine the
 relationship between wealth and child labour and schooling in Pakistan and
 finds that wealth is crucial in determining a child's activities, but is
 far from being a sufficient condition to enrol a child in school. This is
 particularly the case for rural girls. Nonparametric analysis shows a
 universal increase in school enrolment for rural girls from 1998-2006 and
 this increase is independent of wealth. Multinomial logit regression
 further shows that wealth is insignificant in determining households'
 decisions about rural girls' activity. Thus, interventions to increase
 school enrolment should incorporate broadly targeted, demand-side
 interventions as well as supply-side interventions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 439-465 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903166296 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903166296  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Knowles 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles 
Author-Name: P. Dorian Owen 
Author-X-Name-First: P. Dorian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Owen 
Title: Which Institutions are Good for Your Health? The Deep Determinants of Comparative Cross-country Health Status 
Abstract:
  We extend the literature on the deep determinants of economic development
 by focusing on life expectancy, instead of income per capita, as an
 indicator of economic development, and by examining the role of informal,
 as well as formal, institutions. Our empirical results suggest that formal
 and informal institutions are substitutes. Improving informal institutions
 has positive effects on life expectancy that are statistically significant
 for most countries and stronger than the effects of improving formal
 institutions. The gains from improving informal institutions are greatest
 for countries in which institutions are weakest. Geographical factors also
 help explain cross-country variation in life expectancy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 701-723 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428399 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428399  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kalu Ojah 
Author-X-Name-First: Kalu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojah 
Author-Name: Tendai Gwatidzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Tendai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gwatidzo 
Author-Name: Sheshangai Kaniki 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheshangai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaniki 
Title: Legal Environment, Finance Channels and Investment: The East African Example 
Abstract:
  How do legal environments and finance affect investments by firms in the
 East African community? Property rights, external and internal finance
 channels&#xa0;-&#xa0;key conduits of the transmission mechanism from
 'legal environment' to 'investment'- individually and interactively affect
 firms' decision to invest. Firms that perceive secure property rights are
 more likely to invest in fixed capital. The interactions suggest
 governments in this community would do well to pursue investment/growth
 policies that slant heavily towards financial markets deepening while not
 ignoring enhancement of legal infrastructures. Overall, property rights,
 external finance, internal finance, firm size, and an export-orientation,
 are important determinants of the investment decision. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 724-744 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012722 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012722  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Fincke 
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fincke 
Author-Name: Alfred Greiner 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greiner 
Title: Do Governments in Developing Countries Pursue Sustainable Debt Policies? Empirical Evidence for Selected Countries in Africa and Latin America 
Abstract:
  In this paper we test for sustainability of public debt in selected low-
 and middle-income developing countries of Africa and Latin-America. We do
 this by analysing how the primary surplus to GDP reacts to variations in
 the debt to GDP ratio where we allow for a time-varying reaction
 coefficient. Moreover, we test for stationarity of the overall budget
 deficit of the selected countries. The results show that, despite rising
 debt ratios, there is empirical evidence for some of the countries that
 public debt is sustainable, independent of whether they belong to the
 low-income or middle-income group of countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 745-770 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012698 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012698  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Wouterse 
Author-X-Name-First: F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wouterse 
Title: Remittances, Poverty, Inequality and Welfare: Evidence from the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso 
Abstract:
  This paper applies Gini and concentration coefficient decomposition as
 well as the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty index and the Stark-Yitzhaki
 welfare index to new data from four villages in Burkina Faso, to compare
 the marginal effects of remittances from intercontinental and
 intra-African migration on inequality, poverty and social welfare.
 Evidence is found that intra-African remittances reduce inequality while
 intercontinental remittances have the opposite effect. Also, it is found
 that although remittances from intercontinental migration are associated
 with much lower incidence, depth and severity of poverty, the marginal
 impact of remittances from this form of migration on social welfare is
 limited because recipients do not include the rural poor. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 771-789 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903019461 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903019461  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willemijn Verkoren 
Author-X-Name-First: Willemijn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verkoren 
Title: Learning by Southern Peace NGOs 
Abstract:
  Literature and policies on learning by NGOs focus on internal processes
 in Northern organisations. This article examines the learning processes of
 Southern NGOs by studying peacebuilding organisations in several African
 and Asian countries. These organisations learn mostly in an interactive
 way, emphasising exchange with other practitioners and beneficiaries.
 However, these learning strategies are limited by competition and distrust
 among SNGOs and by the imposition of policy by donors. SNGOs feel
 constrained particularly in doing research and documenting local
 knowledge, activities for which they lack the time and skills, but which
 potentially could strengthen their role in international debates and
 policymaking. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 790-810 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012706 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012706  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kripa Ananth Pur 
Author-X-Name-First: Kripa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ananth Pur 
Author-Name: Mick Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Mick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: Ambiguous Institutions: Traditional Governance and Local Democracy in Rural South India 
Abstract:
  In India, 'customary village councils' are generally believed to be
 disappearing vestiges of a pre-democratic, hierarchical socio-political
 order. However, while remaining informal and maintaining a low public
 profile, in Karnataka state they are actively taking on new roles,
 adapting to the democratic, competitive political environment, becoming
 more representative and pluralist, and providing a wide range of services
 that are highly valued by the populations they serve. The relationship of
 customary village councils to the formal, elected local councils (Grama
 Panchayats)&#xa0;-&#xa0;and to electoral democracy
 generally&#xa0;-&#xa0;is more synergistic and complementary than
 competitive. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 603-623 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002921 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002921  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Capuno 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capuno 
Author-Name: Ma. Garcia 
Author-X-Name-First: Ma. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia 
Title: Can Information about Local Government Performance Induce Civic Participation? Evidence from the Philippines 
Abstract:
  The question of whether people are motivated to engage in civic
 activities once informed of their local government's performance is
 relevant to many developing countries that adopted decentralisation.
 Applying propensity score matching technique on a unique household-level
 dataset from the Philippines, it is found that the knowledge of an index
 of local government performance has positive and statistically significant
 effects on the likelihood of membership in local organisations and
 participation in local projects. Thus, the results support policies for
 greater transparency in local governance to deepen citizenship. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 624-643 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903023521 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903023521  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Steiner 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steiner 
Title: How Important is the Capacity of Local Governments for Improvements in Welfare? Evidence from Decentralised Uganda 
Abstract:
  Decentralisation is often claimed to be effective for improvements in
 welfare and hence the reduction of poverty but empirical evidence is
 scarce. This paper seeks to gain further insights into the relationship
 between decentralisation and welfare by investigating the role of local
 governments' capacity for household consumption and school enrolment in
 Uganda. Using household survey data, it finds suggestive evidence that
 both household consumption and school enrolment are positively related
 with the level of capacity of district governments. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 644-661 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318046 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318046  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renfu Luo 
Author-X-Name-First: Renfu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo 
Author-Name: Linxiu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Linxiu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Jikun Huang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jikun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang 
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Title: Village Elections, Public Goods Investments and Pork Barrel Politics, Chinese-style 
Abstract:
  A key issue in political economy concerns the accountability that
 governance structures impose on public officials and how elections and
 representative democracy influence the allocation of public resources. In
 this paper we utilise a unique set of survey data set from nearly 2450
 randomly selected villages describing China's recent progress in village
 governance reforms and its relationship to the provision of public goods
 in rural China between 1998 and 2004. Two sets of questions are
 investigated using an empirical framework based on a theoretical model in
 which local governments must decide to allocate fiscal resources between
 public goods investments and other expenditures. The empirical
 analysis&#xa0;-&#xa0;both in the descriptive and econometric
 analyses&#xa0;-&#xa0;suggests that when the village leader is elected
 directly, ceteris paribus, the provision of public goods rises (compared
 to when the leader is not elected directly by villagers). Thus, in this
 way it is possible to conclude that democratisation&#xa0;-&#xa0;at least
 at the village level in rural China&#xa0;-&#xa0;appears to increase the
 quantity of public goods investment. Second, we seek to understand the
 mechanism that is driving the results. Also based on the survey data, we
 find that when village leaders (who had been directly elected) were able
 to implement more public projects during their terms of office, they, as
 the incumbent, were more likely to be re-elected. In this way, we argue
 that the link between elections and investment may be a rural China
 version of pork barrel politics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 662-684 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318061 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318061  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:4:p:662-684




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Radu Ban 
Author-X-Name-First: Radu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ban 
Author-Name: Monica Das Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Das Gupta 
Author-Name: Vijayendra Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijayendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: The Political Economy of Village Sanitation in South India: Capture or Poor Information? 
Abstract:
  Despite efforts to mandate and finance local governments' provision of
 environmental sanitation services, outcomes remain poor in the villages
 surveyed in the four South Indian states. The analysis indicates some key
 issues that appear to hinder improvements in sanitation. Local politicians
 tend to capture sanitary infrastructure and cleaning services for
 themselves, while also keeping major village roads reasonably well-served.
 Their decisions suggest, however, that they neither understand the health
 benefits of sanitation, nor the negative externalities to their own health
 if surrounding areas are poorly served. Our findings suggest that
 improving sanitary outcomes requires disseminating information on the
 public goods nature of their health benefits, as well as on the local
 government's responsibilities. It also requires putting public health
 regulations in place, along with measures to enable accountability in
 service provision. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 685-700 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903002962 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903002962  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:4:p:685-700




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Fielding 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding 
Title: Aid and Dutch Disease in the South Pacific and in Other Small Island States 
Abstract:
  The impact of aid on the macro-economy is ambiguous. Aid that increases
 expenditure may cause real exchange rate appreciation. However, if the
 capital stock in the traded goods sector rises then output might not
 contract, and if investment in the non-traded goods sector is relatively
 productive then real exchange rate appreciation could be avoided. We
 examine aid inflows in 10 Pacific island states, and find them to produce
 a variety of outcomes. Applying our model to other small island states
 around the world, we analyse the country-specific characteristics that
 determine the macroeconomic impact of aid, and draw policy conclusions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 918-940 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623855 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623855  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes 
Author-X-Name-First: Catalina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amuedo-Dorantes 
Author-Name: Susan Pozo 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pozo 
Author-Name: Carlos Vargas-Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vargas-Silva 
Title: Remittances in Small Island Developing States 
Abstract:
  We examine how remittances relate to the exchange rate, natural disasters
 and foreign aid focusing on Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Using
 panel VAR methods, we are able to compensate for both data limitations and
 endogeneity issues. While remittances respond to innovations in the
 macroeconomic variables included in the analysis, remittances also have
 important impacts on these variables. Furthermore, the impact of
 remittances differs in SIDS economies relative to the set of all
 developing economies. Remittances appear to depreciate the real exchange
 in SIDS economies, whereas they appreciate the real exchange rate when a
 broader sample of economies is considered. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 941-960 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623863 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623863  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Chauvet 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chauvet 
Author-Name: Paul Collier 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collier 
Author-Name: Anke Hoeffler 
Author-X-Name-First: Anke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoeffler 
Title: Paradise Lost: The Costs of State Failure in the Pacific 
Abstract:
  Globally, state failure is hugely costly, in terms of lost output and the
 high costs imposed by failing states on their neighbours. This paper
 examines the cost of failing states in the Pacific. The Pacific region
 differs from other regions: since its countries are islands the
 neighbourhood spillovers that normally generate these costs do not apply.
 The cost of state failure for an island is much lower than for other
 states, but state failure is more costly to the state itself, as opposed
 to its neighbours, if the state is an island. This may be due to the
 greater openness of islands, implying greater flight of financial and
 human capital. Because neighbours are not directly affected by state
 failure in the Pacific, any possible interventions should be centred on
 the humanitarian concern. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 961-980 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623871 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623871  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark McGillivray 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGillivray 
Author-Name: Wim Naude 
Author-X-Name-First: Wim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naude 
Author-Name: Amelia Santos-Paulino 
Author-X-Name-First: Amelia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos-Paulino 
Title: Vulnerability, Trade, Financial Flows and State Failure in Small Island Developing States 
Abstract:
  Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are very different to other
 developing countries. Relative to GDP they have the highest levels of
 foreign trade and aid receipts of all developing countries. Remittances
 from abroad are a far more important source of income for SIDS, and some
 depend very heavily on export revenues. The quality of governance varies
 tremendously among SIDS, they are over-represented among countries
 classified as fragile states and many are prone to state failure. These
 and other factors combine to make SIDS highly vulnerable to external
 economic shocks. Achieving development in SIDS is as a consequence an
 especially complex task that requires an understanding of the roles played
 by aid, trade, remittances and governance in these countries. This paper
 looks at these issues, along with providing various stylised facts about
 SIDS. In so doing it serves as a background and broad contextual setting
 for the papers that follow in this Special Issue on 'Fragility and
 Development in Small Island Developing States'. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 815-827 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623822 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623822  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Guillaumont 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillaumont 
Title: Assessing the Economic Vulnerability of Small Island Developing States and the Least Developed Countries 
Abstract:
  Macro vulnerability of the small island developing states (SIDS) as well
 as of least developed countries (LDCs) has been an increasing concern for
 the international community. This has led to the design of an economic
 vulnerability index (EVI) to assess the structural economic vulnerability
 resulting from natural or external shocks. We first explain how
 vulnerability affects growth, development and poverty reduction,
 particularly in small developing countries. We then examine how the EVI
 has been designed and how it can be used to compare SIDS and LDCs. We
 argue that EVI is a relevant tool not only for identification of LDCs, but
 also for geographical aid allocation to favour vulnerable countries,
 including LDCs and SIDS, even though not all SIDS qualify as LDCs. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 828-854 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623814 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623814  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amelia Santos-Paulino 
Author-X-Name-First: Amelia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos-Paulino 
Title: Terms of Trade Shocks and the Current Account in Small Island Developing States 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates the dynamic relationship between external and
 internal shocks and the current account in selected small islands
 developing states. External shocks, defined as terms of trade
 fluctuations, explain a significant proportion of the variation in the
 current account balances. The external shocks have a temporary negative
 impact on the current account balances with a subsequent improvement,
 generating a J-curve type reaction. In contrast, real output shocks have a
 positive and significant effect on the current account. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 855-876 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623830 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623830  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Derek Headey 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Headey 
Title: The Short-Run Macroeconomic Impact of Foreign Aid to Small States: An Agnostic Time Series Analysis 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the short-run macroeconomic impact of aid in
 small developing countries (SDCs) by using a vector auto regression (VAR)
 model to study the impact of aid on net import (absorption) and domestic
 demand (spending). We focus on average country effects within two country
 sub-groups, and find substantial differences between 'aid-dependent' SDCs
 and other SDCs that are more dependent on natural resources, tourism or
 financial services. In aid-dependent SDCs, aid absorption more or less
 equals spending, although only half of the aid flow is absorbed and spent.
 In the non-aid-dependent group, aid does not seem to be absorbed or spent
 in any systematic fashion. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 877-896 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623848 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623848  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:5:p:877-896




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Feeny 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Feeny 
Author-Name: Mark McGillivray 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGillivray 
Title: Aid and Growth in Small Island Developing States 
Abstract:
  Aid flows to small island developing states (SIDS) are enormous by
 international standards when compared to the size of their economies. Yet
 these countries face many severe economic challenges and many have
 experienced declines in the living standards of their citizens. This paper
 looks at the impact of aid on what is treated as a necessary precondition
 for improvements in living standards, typically defined. Specifically, it
 examines the impact of foreign aid on real per capita income growth in
 SIDS by econometrically analysing cross-country data for the period 1980
 to 2004. A variety of econometric techniques and measures of aid are used.
 Results suggest that foreign aid is effective at spurring economic growth
 but with diminishing returns. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 897-917 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003623889 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003623889  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haryo Aswicahyono 
Author-X-Name-First: Haryo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aswicahyono 
Author-Name: Hal Hill 
Author-X-Name-First: Hal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill 
Author-Name: Dionisius Narjoko 
Author-X-Name-First: Dionisius 
Author-X-Name-Last: Narjoko 
Title: Industrialisation after a Deep Economic Crisis: Indonesia 
Abstract:
  Indonesia experienced a deep economic contraction as a result of the
 1997-1998 Asian crisis. This paper develops an analytical framework that
 facilitates an examination of trends and patterns in the country's
 industrial sector in the wake of the crisis, and explains why it appears
 to be on a lower growth trajectory. We particularly focus on why
 industrialisation has become less employment elastic; why industrial
 exports have performed indifferently; and why the process of small firms
 'graduating' to larger units has slowed, and most of the output growth is
 now coming from existing firms rather than new entrants. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1084-1108 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318087 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318087  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahidur Khandker 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahidur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khandker 
Author-Name: Gayatri Koolwal 
Author-X-Name-First: Gayatri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koolwal 
Title: How Infrastructure and Financial Institutions Affect Rural Income and Poverty: Evidence from Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  The mechanisms by which the poor benefit from economic growth remain a
 topic of debate in development literature. We address this issue in the
 context of rural Bangladesh, using a pooled dataset of three household
 panels between 1991-2001. Expansion of irrigation, paved roads,
 electricity, and access to formal and informal credit have (through
 different veins) led to higher rural farm and non-farm incomes, accounting
 for exogenous local agroclimatic endowments that explain a large part of
 the variation in the growth of infrastructure and credit programmes.
 However, this has not translated into substantial reductions in poverty
 for the poorest households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1109-1137 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903108330 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903108330  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Fletschner 
Author-X-Name-First: Diana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletschner 
Author-Name: Catherine Guirkinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guirkinger 
Author-Name: Steve Boucher 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boucher 
Title: Risk, Credit Constraints and Financial Efficiency in Peruvian Agriculture 
Abstract:
  Based on a panel data set, we use a two-stage analysis to evaluate the
 effects of access to formal credit on financial efficiency of farms in
 northern Peru. The first stage uses non-parametric data envelope analysis
 to estimate farm-specific measures of financial efficiency; 28 per cent of
 farmers are financially inefficient and credit constraints reduce profits
 of these farmers by an average of between 17 and 27 per cent. The second
 stage uses Tobit regression to evaluate the determinants of financial
 inefficiency; the results point to uninsured risk as a key determinant of
 financial inefficiency and suggest that policies to strengthen
 agricultural insurance markets would likely pay large dividends in rural
 Peru. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 981-1002 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903104974 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903104974  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharon Brooks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks 
Author-Name: Bereket Kebede 
Author-X-Name-First: Bereket 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kebede 
Author-Name: Edward Allison 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allison 
Author-Name: John Reynolds 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reynolds 
Title: The Balance of Power in Rural Marketing Networks: A Case Study of Snake Trading in Cambodia 
Abstract:
  Producers in small-scale rural markets often receive unfavourable prices
 for their goods as a result of more powerful market participants. This
 study uses a combination of price analysis and interview data to assess
 the position of snake hunters in the aquatic snake market from Tonle Sap
 Lake in Cambodia. Despite the hunters' dependence on intermediary traders
 for market access and credit, the evidence implies that they are not
 powerless participants. Intermediary traders operate under high
 competition as a result of the increasing scarcity of snakes and
 therefore, despite interlocked credit and snake markets, offer relatively
 high prices to hunters. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1003-1025 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012714 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012714  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaobai Shen 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen 
Title: Understanding the Evolution of Rice Technology in China&#xa0;-&#xa0;From Traditional Agriculture to GM Rice Today 
Abstract:
  This paper provides an historical survey of the evolution of rice
 technology in China, from the traditional farming system to genetically
 modified rice today. Using sociotechnological analytical framework, it
 analyses rice technology as a socio-technical ensemble&#xa0;-&#xa0;a
 complex interaction of material and social elements, and discusses the
 specificity of technology development and its socio-technical outcomes. It
 points to two imperatives in rice variety development: wholesale
 transporting agricultural technology and social mechanism to developing
 countries are likely lead to negative consequences; indigenous innovation
 including deploying GM technology for seed varietal development and
 capturing/cultivating local knowledge will provide better solutions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1026-1046 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903151033 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903151033  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edinaldo Tebaldi 
Author-X-Name-First: Edinaldo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tebaldi 
Author-Name: Ramesh Mohan 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramesh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan 
Title: Institutions and Poverty 
Abstract:
  This study utilises eight alternative measures of institutions and the
 instrumental variable method to examine the impacts of institutions on
 poverty. The estimates show that an economy with a robust system to
 control corruption, an effective government, and a stable political system
 will create the conditions to promote economic growth, minimise income
 distribution conflicts, and reduce poverty. Corruption, ineffective
 governments, and political instability will not only hurt income levels
 through market inefficiencies, but also escalate poverty incidence via
 increased income inequality. The results also imply that the quality of
 the regulatory system, rule of law, voice and accountability, and
 expropriation risk are inversely related to poverty but their effect on
 poverty is via average income rather than income distribution. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1047-1066 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903012730 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903012730  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:6:p:1047-1066




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sven Oskarsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oskarsson 
Author-Name: Eric Ottosen 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ottosen 
Title: Does Oil Still Hinder Democracy? 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this study is to re-examine the support for the 'oil
 hinders democracy' hypothesis. Following Michael Ross' seminal article
 'Does oil hinder democracy?' (2001), the hypothesis has been supported by
 a number of cross-national empirical tests. We will proceed along two
 routes, one conceptual and one temporal/contextual. Using time-series
 cross-section data from 132 countries between 1977-2006 we find that Ross'
 theory does not stand the test of time, and that a broader conceptual take
 on the notion of democracy has left the theory more inconclusive than in
 previous studies. The jury appears to be out concerning the generality of
 the 'oil hinders democracy' hypothesis. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1067-1083 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903151058 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903151058  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:46:y:2010:i:6:p:1067-1083




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maia Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Maia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Green 
Title: Making Development Agents: Participation as Boundary Object in International Development 
Abstract:
  Despite high transaction and financial costs participatory approaches to
 development are now standardised across a range of organisations
 internationally. Participatory planning in various forms is widely used in
 donor funded local government projects worldwide. This article critically
 explores the reasons for the continued popularity of participatory
 approaches. Using examples of cognate participatory processes in Tanzania
 I show how the outputs of participatory approaches do not justify their
 continued popularity for development stakeholders. Analytical frameworks
 from science studies on the social process of collaboration provide
 insights into the persistence of participatory forms. Participation
 operates as a boundary object enabling diverse stakeholders to temporarily
 align themselves around a common project for the purpose of development
 implementation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1240-1263 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487099 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487099  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naomi Hossain 
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain 
Title: School Exclusion as Social Exclusion: the Practices and Effects of a Conditional Cash Transfer Programme for the Poor in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  Evidence indicates that a much-feted conditional cash transfer programme
 designed to widen access to basic education in Bangladesh has failed in
 its aims. The programme is analysed here as an instance of the effort to
 govern chronic poverty. For the state, education fits within a national
 project of poverty reduction and creating governable citizens. For the
 poor, education signals social inclusion and access to the state. Yet
 class and social distinctions through which state actors 'see' poor
 children result in beneficiary selection practices that routinely exclude
 the poorest from school, with longer-term adverse effects for their social
 inclusion and citizenship. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1264-1282 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487096 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487096  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias vom Hau 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: vom Hau 
Author-Name: Guillermo Wilde 
Author-X-Name-First: Guillermo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilde 
Title: 'We Have Always Lived Here': Indigenous Movements, Citizenship and Poverty in Argentina 
Abstract:
  This article explores the nexus between indigenous mobilisation,
 citizenship, and poverty in Argentina. A subnational comparison of land
 struggles among the Diaguita Calchaqui in Tucuman and the Mbya Guarani in
 Misiones shows that changing global and national opportunity structures,
 most prominently a new multicultural citizenship regime, set the stage for
 indigenous mobilisation. In turn, local transformations of capitalist
 development motivate indigenous mobilising efforts, whereas leadership
 patterns and state-movement relations shape the capacity to mobilise.
 Diaguita and Mbya mobilisation reveals that indigenous movements play a
 central role in the activation of formal citizenship rights and the
 contestation of dominant notions of poverty. At the same time, the current
 design of multicultural citizenship and the adverse socioeconomic
 incorporation of indigenous communities also counteract indigenous
 mobilising efforts in Argentina. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1283-1303 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487098 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487098  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. J. Bebbington 
Author-X-Name-First: A. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bebbington 
Author-Name: D. Mitlin 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitlin 
Author-Name: J. Mogaladi 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mogaladi 
Author-Name: M. Scurrah 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scurrah 
Author-Name: C. Bielich 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bielich 
Title: Decentring Poverty, Reworking Government: Social Movements and States in the Government of Poverty 
Abstract:
  The significance of social movements for pro-poor political and social
 change is widely acknowledged. Poverty reduction has assumed increasing
 significance within development debates, discourses and
 programmes&#xa0;-&#xa0;how do social movement leaders and activists
 respond? This paper explores this question through the mapping of social
 movement organisations in Peru and South Africa. We conclude that for
 movement activists 'poverty' is rarely a central concern. Instead, they
 represent their actions as challenging injustice, inequality and/or
 development models with which they disagree, and reject the simplifying
 and sectoral orientation of poverty reduction interventions. In today's
 engagement with the poverty-reducing state, their challenge is to secure
 resources and influence without becoming themselves subject to, or even
 the subjects of, the practices of government. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1304-1326 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487094 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487094  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Hickey 
Author-X-Name-First: Sam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey 
Title: The Government of Chronic Poverty: From Exclusion to Citizenship? 
Abstract:
  Development trustees have increasingly sought to challenge chronic
 poverty by promoting citizenship amongst poor people, a move that frames
 citizenship formation as central to overcoming the exclusions and
 inequalities associated with uneven development. For sceptics, this move
 within inclusive neoliberalism is inevitably depoliticising and
 disempowering, and our cases do suggest that citizenship-based strategies
 rarely alter the underlying basis of poverty. However, our evidence also
 offers some support to those optimists who suggest that progressive moves
 towards poverty reduction and citizenship formation have become more
 rather than less likely at the current juncture. The promotion of
 citizenship emerges here as a significant but incomplete effort to
 challenge poverty that persists over time. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1139-1155 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487100 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487100  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Mosse 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosse 
Title: A Relational Approach to Durable Poverty, Inequality and Power 
Abstract:
  The article argues for what can be called a 'relational' approach to
 poverty: one that first views persistent poverty as the consequence of
 historically developed economic and political relations, and second, that
 emphasises poverty and inequality as an effect of social categorisation
 and identity, drawing in particular on the experience of adivasis
 ('tribals') and dalits ('untouchables') subordinated in Indian society.
 The approach follows Charles Tilly's Durable Inequality in combining
 Marxian ideas of exploitation and dispossession with Weberian notions of
 social closure. The article then draws on the work of Steven Lukes, Pierre
 Bourdieu and Arjun Appadurai to argue for the need to incorporate a
 multidimensional conception of power; including not only power as the
 direct assertion of will but also 'agenda-setting power' that sets the
 terms in which poverty becomes (or fails to become) politicised, and
 closely related to power as political representation. This sets the basis
 for discussion of the politics of poverty and exclusion. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1156-1178 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487095 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487095  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Colvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colvin 
Author-Name: Steven Robins 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robins 
Author-Name: Joan Leavens 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leavens 
Title: Grounding 'Responsibilisation Talk': Masculinities, Citizenship and HIV in Cape Town, South Africa 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates how the South African state has understood the
 relationship between HIV and poverty and how individuals and
 community-based organisations have responded to these state interventions.
 It considers the ways in which liberal forms of government frame people
 living with AIDS as a particular category of 'deserving' and
 'entrepreneurial' citizens, and then re-frames them through a package of
 health and welfare interventions. Based on ethnographic research with the
 members of Khululeka, a support group for HIV-positive men, the study pays
 particular attention to how masculinity has shaped the ways these men have
 experienced and transformed these state interventions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1179-1195 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487093 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487093  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katsuhiko Masaki 
Author-X-Name-First: Katsuhiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Masaki 
Title: Rectifying the Anti-Politics of Citizen Participation: Insights from the Internal Politics of a Subaltern Community in Nepal 
Abstract:
  Can 'participatory' approaches to development constitute a viable
 strategy for promoting citizenship? This paper addresses this question by
 scrutinising the equivocal reaction of a peasant community in Nepal to the
 unfolding of one such project, which supposedly reflected their
 empowerment as equal citizens. Drawing on the notion of 'symbolic
 citizenship' that values people's 'right to narrate' viewpoints that occur
 to them naturally, this study proposes a more promising approach that
 allows people to divulge dilemmas arising from real-world complexities,
 and then determine the terms of their empowerment, in defiance of the
 prevailing framework of inclusive liberalism. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1196-1215 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487092 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487092  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederick Golooba-Mutebi 
Author-X-Name-First: Frederick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Golooba-Mutebi 
Author-Name: Sam Hickey 
Author-X-Name-First: Sam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey 
Title: Governing Chronic Poverty under Inclusive Liberalism: The Case of the Northern Uganda Social Action Fund 
Abstract:
  The paradigm of 'inclusive neoliberalism' that currently characterises
 international development places a particular emphasis on community-based
 responses to the often structural problems of poverty and exclusion. Such
 approaches have become increasingly controversial: celebrated by optimists
 as the most empowering way forward for marginal citizens on the one hand,
 and derided as an abrogation of responsibility by development trustees by
 sceptics on the other. Uganda provides a particularly interesting context
 to explore these debates, not least because it has become a standard
 bearer for inclusive neoliberalism at the same time that regional
 inequalities within it have become increasingly apparent. Our
 investigation of the flagship response to deep impoverishment in its
 northern region, the World Bank-funded Northern Uganda Social Action Fund,
 offers greater support to the sceptics, not least because of the ways in
 which the more pernicious tendencies within inclusive neoliberalism have
 converged with the contemporary politics of development in Uganda. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1216-1239 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.487097 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.487097  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Najeeb Shafiq 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Najeeb 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shafiq 
Author-Name: Karen Ross 
Author-X-Name-First: Karen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ross 
Title: Educational Attainment and Attitudes Towards War in Muslim Countries Contemplating War: The Cases of Jordan, Lebanon, Pakistan, and Turkey 
Abstract:
  This study addresses the little understood relationship between
 educational attainment and public attitudes towards war in four
 predominantly Muslim countries contemplating war: Jordan, Lebanon,
 Pakistan, and Turkey. The multivariate analysis using public opinion data
 suggests that the educational attainment of respondents has no
 statistically significant association with believing that war is necessary
 for obtaining justice. In a separate analysis, there is no statistically
 significant association between educational attainment and believing that
 UN approval is necessary before using military force to deal with an
 international threat. This study suggests that there is some validity to
 concerns raised by the UK's Department for International Development and
 the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) that education may not be
 contributing to peaceful conflict resolution. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1424-1441 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428431 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428431  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carina Schmitt 
Author-X-Name-First: Carina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitt 
Title: Sources of Civic Engagement in Latin America: Empirical Evidence from Rural Ecuadorian Communities 
Abstract:
  The concept of civic engagement has greatly influenced the policy-making
 process in the field of development cooperation. However, in contrast to a
 vast quantity of empirical studies for the Organisation for Economic
 Cooperation and Development (OECD)-world, there is only little knowledge
 with respect to developing countries. Using Ecuadorian rural communities
 as an example, this paper analyses socioeconomic, political and cultural
 sources of civic engagement with multivariate regression analyses, which
 demonstrate that volunteering strongly depends on the cultural tradition.
 Additionally, the empirical results show that a pure application of the
 theoretical assumptions and operationalisations from the OECD-world is
 misleading, when analysing social processes in developing countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1442-1458 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599394 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599394  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Fletschner 
Author-X-Name-First: Diana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletschner 
Author-Name: C. Leigh Anderson 
Author-X-Name-First: C. Leigh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson 
Author-Name: Alison Cullen 
Author-X-Name-First: Alison 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullen 
Title: Are Women as Likely to Take Risks and Compete? Behavioural Findings from Central Vietnam 
Abstract:
  Using controlled experiments to compare the risk attitude and willingness
 to compete of husbands and wives in 500 couples in rural Vietnam, we find
 that women are more risk averse than men and that, compared to men, women
 are less likely to choose to compete, irrespective of how likely they are
 to succeed. Relevant to development programmes concerned with lifting
 women out of poverty, our findings suggest that women may be more
 reluctant to adopt new technologies, take out loans, or engage in economic
 activities that offer higher expected returns, in order to avoid setups
 that require them to be more competitive or that have less predictable
 outcomes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1459-1479 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706510 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706510  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus Abbink 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbink 
Author-Name: Matthew Ellman 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellman 
Title: The Donor Problem: An Experimental Analysis of Beneficiary Empowerment 
Abstract:
  Donors often rely on local intermediaries to deliver benefits to target
 beneficiaries. Each selected recipient observes if the intermediary
 under-delivers to them, so they serve as natural monitors. These
 recipients may, however, withhold complaints to 'thank' the intermediary
 for selecting them. Furthermore, the intermediary may distort selection
 (for example, by picking richer recipients who feel less entitled) to
 reduce complaints. We design an experimental game representing the donor's
 problem. We compare two institutions. In one treatment the intermediary
 selects recipients. In the other selection is random&#xa0;-&#xa0;as by an
 uninformed donor. In our data random selection dominates delegation of the
 selection task to the intermediary. Selection distortions are similar but
 intermediaries divert more when they have selection power (correctly
 anticipating that gratitude for selection will reduce complaints). Our
 results identify a problem in combining selection and delivery tasks. The
 insights are also applicable to social funds, decentralisation and
 participatory projects. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1327-1344 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428407 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428407  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaaitzen De Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Gaaitzen 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vries 
Title: Small Retailers in Brazil: Are Formal Firms Really More Productive? 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the productivity of formal and informal retailers in
 Brazil by simultaneously estimating a stochastic production frontier and
 an efficiency model for a cross-section of some 11,000 retail firms with,
 at most, five workers. Results show that the efficiency of firms is
 positively related with ICT adoption, managerial ability, technical
 assistance and participation in a guild. Formal retailers are more
 productive than informal retailers, even after controlling for
 self-selection and firm, industry, and firm-owner characteristics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1345-1366 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903147668 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903147668  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Holger Gorg 
Author-X-Name-First: Holger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorg 
Author-Name: Henning Muhlen 
Author-X-Name-First: Henning 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muhlen 
Author-Name: Peter Nunnenkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunnenkamp 
Title: FDI Liberalisation, Firm Heterogeneity and Foreign Ownership: German Firm Decisions in Reforming India 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates the role of firm-level productivity and
 industry-level R&D for multinational enterprises' (MNEs') choice of
 undertaking foreign direct investment (FDI), and the share of ownership in
 foreign affiliates. Two firm-specific datasets on German MNEs with varying
 equity stakes in Indian affiliates are used to account for the two-step
 decision process. The paper also analyses how German firm decisions were
 affected by the liberalisation of FDI regulations in India. Results show
 remarkable differences between the selection and the ownership share
 equation, and also between the pre-reform and post-reform periods. The
 evidence clearly reveals the trade-offs involved in selective FDI
 approvals and foreign ownership restrictions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1367-1384 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318053 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318053  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricardo Lopez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez 
Author-Name: Niru Yadav 
Author-X-Name-First: Niru 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yadav 
Title: Imports of Intermediate Inputs and Spillover Effects: Evidence from Chilean Plants 
Abstract:
  This paper uses plant-level data from Chile to examine the determinants
 of importing intermediate inputs paying special attention to the role of
 importing spillovers. The results show that plants that pay higher wages
 and plants with previous experience importing intermediate inputs are more
 likely to import inputs. This study also finds a positive correlation
 between the number of importers in the same region, regardless of their
 industry affiliation, and the probability of importing intermediate
 inputs. This suggests that importing spillovers may be important, at least
 in the case of Chilean manufacturing. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1385-1403 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428423 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428423  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jenn Hwan Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jenn Hwan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Ching-jung Tsai 
Author-X-Name-First: Ching-jung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai 
Title: National Model of Technological Catching Up and Innovation: Comparing Patents of Taiwan and South Korea 
Abstract:
  This paper discusses different patterns of innovation and their
 institutional roots in Taiwan and South Korea. By using USPTO patent data
 as indicators of innovation, this paper finds that while individuals and
 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) still account for a significant
 proportion of the patents in Taiwan, the large conglomerates are the major
 contributors of patents in South Korea. Moreover, although electronics is
 the sector that has gained most of the patents in both countries, Taiwan's
 patents are more dispersed while those of its South Korean counterparts
 are more concentrated. These differences come mainly from the
 institutional roots in their economic catching-up era. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1404-1423 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903131654 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903131654  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Alencar de Figueiredo 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik Alencar 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Figueiredo 
Author-Name: Flavio Augusto Ziegelmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Flavio Augusto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziegelmann 
Title: Estimation of Opportunity Inequality in Brazil using Nonparametric Local Logistic Regression 
Abstract:
  This article measured opportunity inequality in Brazil by combining a
 series of theoretical and empirical tools. The database was built using a
 two-sample instrumental variable (TSIV), developed by Angrist and Krueger.
 After that, the axiomatic approach put forward by O'Neill et al. was used,
 in which the estimation of children's income distribution function is
 conditional on their fathers' wages. The inference process was based on
 nonparametric local logistic regression. The results indicate that Brazil
 has a high level of opportunity inequality. In other words, in the context
 of intergenerational mobility, those whose fathers belong to lower income
 strata have to expend greater effort in order to attain a certain income
 level. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1593-1606 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.500661 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.500661  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alisa Dicaprio 
Author-X-Name-First: Alisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dicaprio 
Author-Name: Silke Trommer 
Author-X-Name-First: Silke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trommer 
Title: Bilateral Graduation: The Impact of EPAs on LDC Trade Space 
Abstract:
  As trade is prominently mainstreamed into development policies, the
 ongoing Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) negotiations between the EU
 and the African, Carribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries are a turning
 point in Least Developed Countries (LDC) engagement with the international
 trading system. The process covers most UN-designated LDCs and is the
 first time they feature in the first row of international trade talks. We
 explore how the space LDCs occupy in the trade regime will be affected by
 EPAs. The analysis suggests that they move LDCs towards effective
 graduation from special and differential treatment, while innovating on
 policy tools to address underdevelopment. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1607-1627 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706502 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706502  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Spencer Henson 
Author-X-Name-First: Spencer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henson 
Author-Name: John Humphrey 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Humphrey 
Title: Understanding the Complexities of Private Standards in Global Agri-Food Chains as They Impact Developing Countries 
Abstract:
  The increasing prevalence of private standards governing food safety,
 food quality and environmental and social impacts of agri-food systems has
 raised concerns about the effects on developing countries, as well as the
 governance of agri-food value chains more broadly. It is argued that
 current debates have been 'clouded' by a failure to recognise the
 diversity of private standards in terms of their institutional form, who
 develops and adopts these standards and why. In particular, there is a
 need to appreciate the close inter-relationships between public
 regulations and private standards and the continuing ways in which private
 standards evolve. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1628-1646 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706494 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706494  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Delfin Go 
Author-X-Name-First: Delfin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Go 
Author-Name: Marna Kearney 
Author-X-Name-First: Marna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kearney 
Author-Name: Vijdan Korman 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijdan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korman 
Author-Name: Sherman Robinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sherman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson 
Author-Name: Karen Thierfelder 
Author-X-Name-First: Karen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thierfelder 
Title: Wage Subsidy and Labour Market Flexibility in South Africa 
Abstract:
  We use a general equilibrium model to analyse the employment effects and
 fiscal cost of a wage subsidy in South Africa. We capture the structural
 characteristics of the labour market with several labour categories and
 substitution possibilities, linking the economy-wide results to a
 micro-simulation model with occupational choice probabilities to
 investigate the poverty and distributional consequences. The employment
 impact depends greatly on the elasticities of substitution of factors of
 production, being very minimal if unskilled and skilled labour are
 complements in production. The impact is improved by supporting policies,
 but the gains remain modest if the labour market is rigid. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1481-1502 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428456 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428456  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Flavia Machado 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Flavia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Machado 
Author-Name: Rafael Perez Ribas 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael Perez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribas 
Title: Do Changes in the Labour Market Take Families Out of Poverty? Determinants of Exiting Poverty in Brazilian Metropolitan Regions 
Abstract:
  Using survival models, we test whether short-term changes in the labour
 market affect poverty duration. Data are from the Brazilian Monthly
 Employment Survey. Such a monthly dataset permits more accurate
 estimations of events than using annual data, but its panel follows
 households for a short period. Then methods that control for both right-
 and left-censoring should be used. The results are as follows: households
 with zero income are not those with the lowest chances of exiting; changes
 in aggregate unemployment do not affect poverty duration; and increasing
 wages in the informal sector has a negative effect on poverty duration. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1503-1522 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903318079 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903318079  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rene Cabral 
Author-X-Name-First: Rene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabral 
Author-Name: Andre Varella Mollick 
Author-X-Name-First: Andre Varella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollick 
Author-Name: Joao Ricardo Faria 
Author-X-Name-First: Joao Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faria 
Title: Capital and Labour Mobility and their Impacts on Mexico's Regional Labour Markets 
Abstract:
  This paper studies the effects of capital and labor mobility on real
 wages across Mexican states for the period 1997-2006. Employing dynamic
 panel data methods, we find: (1) strong positive effects on real wages
 from foreign direct investment (FDI) and from migration; (2) domestic and
 foreign migration provide similar wage effects; and (3) alternative
 partitions indicate that real wages are more sensitive to FDI-related
 fluctuations across states with relatively lower wages and migration
 levels. Overall, these results provide support that real wages respond
 positively to fluctuations in capital flows and labour movements as
 predicted from the theory. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1523-1542 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599428 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599428  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Florencia Lopez Boo 
Author-X-Name-First: Florencia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez Boo 
Author-Name: Lucia Madrigal 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madrigal 
Author-Name: Carmen Pages 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pages 
Title: Part-Time Work, Gender and Job Satisfaction: Evidence from a Developing Country 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the relationship between part-time work and job
 satisfaction in Honduras. In contrast to previous work for developed
 countries, this paper does not find higher job satisfaction among women
 working part-time. Instead, for both women and men, job satisfaction is
 higher when in full-time work, although this finding is stronger for men.
 Consistent with an interpretation of working part-time as luxury
 consumption, the paper finds that partnered women with children, poor
 women or women working in the informal sector are more likely to report
 higher job satisfaction when working full-time than single women,
 partnered women without children, non-poor women or women working in the
 formal sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1543-1571 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492864 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492864  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Amin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin 
Title: Computer Usage and Labour Regulation in India's Retail Sector 
Abstract:
  A recent survey of 1,948 retail stores in India conducted by the World
 Bank's Enterprise surveys shows that 19 per cent of all stores use
 computers. In the state of Kerala, the figure is as high as 40 per cent.
 Using this survey, we estimate the effect of computer usage on labour
 employment. Our findings show that this effect depends on the stringency
 of the underlying labour laws. Stricter labour laws magnify the labour
 displacing effect of computers significantly. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1572-1592 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492868 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492868  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Author-Name: Bob Baulch 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch 
Title: Parallel Realities: Exploring Poverty Dynamics Using Mixed Methods in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the implications of using two methodological
 approaches to study poverty dynamics in rural Bangladesh. Using data from
 a unique longitudinal study, we show how different methods lead to very
 different assessments of socio-economic mobility. We suggest five ways of
 reconciling these differences: considering assets in addition to
 expenditures, proximity to the poverty line, other aspects of well-being,
 household division, and qualitative recall errors. Considering assets and
 proximity to the poverty line along with expenditures resolves
 three-fifths of the qualitative and quantitative differences. Use of such
 integrated mixed-methods can therefore improve the reliability of poverty
 dynamics research. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 118-142 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492860 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492860  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylviane Guillaumont Jeanneney 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylviane Guillaumont 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeanneney 
Author-Name: Kangni Kpodar 
Author-X-Name-First: Kangni 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kpodar 
Title: Financial Development and Poverty Reduction: Can There be a Benefit without a Cost? 
Abstract:
  This article investigates how financial development helps to reduce
 poverty directly through a distributional effect, beyond its indirect
 effect through economic growth. The results obtained with data for a
 sample of developing countries from 1966 through 2000 suggest that the
 poor benefit from the ability of the banking system to facilitate
 transactions and provide savings opportunities (through the McKinnon
 'conduit effect') but to some extent fail to reap the benefit from greater
 availability of credit. Moreover, financial development is accompanied by
 financial instability, which is particularly detrimental to the poor.
 Nevertheless, the benefits of financial development for the poor outweigh
 the cost. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 143-163 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506918 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506918  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Henrik Knutsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Carl Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knutsen 
Title: Democracy, Dictatorship and Protection of Property Rights 
Abstract:
  This article investigates how political regimes influence property
 rights. The article reviews arguments for and against the hypothesis that
 democracy enhances property rights protection, and then conducts empirical
 tests. Democracy is likely endogenous to property rights protection. The
 analysis takes this into account by utilising an innovative instrument for
 democracy. The results, based on data from 1984 to 2004 for over 120
 countries, show that democracy enhances property rights protection, even
 when controlling for endogeneity and country-specific characteristics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-182 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506919 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506919  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amber Peterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Amber 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peterman 
Title: Women's Property Rights and Gendered Policies: Implications for Women's Long-term Welfare in Rural Tanzania 
Abstract:
  This paper evaluates effects of community-level women's property and
 inheritance rights on women's economic outcomes using a 13 year
 longitudinal panel from rural Tanzania. In the preferred model
 specification, inverse probability weighting is applied to a woman-level
 fixed effects model to control for individual-level time invariant
 heterogeneity and attrition. Results indicate that changes in women's
 property and inheritance rights are significantly associated with women's
 employment outside the home, self-employment and earnings. Results are not
 limited to sub-groups of marginalised women. Findings indicate lack of
 gender equity in sub-Saharan Africa may inhibit economic development for
 women and society as a whole. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003600366 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003600366  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stein Holden 
Author-X-Name-First: Stein 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holden 
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger 
Author-Name: Hosaena Ghebru 
Author-X-Name-First: Hosaena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghebru 
Title: Tenure Insecurity, Gender, Low-cost Land Certification and Land Rental Market Participation in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  There is a renewed interest in whether land reforms can contribute to
 market development and poverty reduction in Africa. This paper assesses
 effects on the allocative efficiency of the land rental market of the
 low-cost approach to land registration and certification of restricted
 property rights that was implemented in Ethiopia in the late 1990s. Four
 rounds of a balanced household panel from 16 villages in northern Ethiopia
 are analysed, showing that land certification initially enhanced land
 rental market participation of (potential) tenant and landlord households,
 especially those that are headed by females. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 31-47 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706460 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706460  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nidhiya Menon 
Author-X-Name-First: Nidhiya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menon 
Author-Name: Yana van der Meulen Rodgers 
Author-X-Name-First: Yana 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Meulen Rodgers 
Title: How Access to Credit Affects Self-employment: Differences by Gender during India's Rural Banking Reform 
Abstract:
  Household survey data for 1983-2000 from India's National Sample Survey
 Organisation are used to examine the impact of credit on self-employment
 among men and women in rural labour households. Results indicate that
 credit access encourages women's self-employment as own-account workers
 and employers, while it discourages men's self-employment as unpaid family
 workers. Ownership of land, a key form of collateral, also serves as a
 strong predictor of self-employment. Among the lower castes in India,
 self-employment is less likely for scheduled castes prone to wage
 activity, but more likely for scheduled tribes prone to entrepreneurial
 work. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 48-69 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706486 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706486  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock 
Author-Name: Simon Szreter 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Szreter 
Author-Name: Vijayendra Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijayendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: How and Why Does History Matter for Development Policy? 
Abstract:
  The consensus among scholars and policy-makers that 'institutions matter'
 for development has led inexorably to a conclusion that 'history matters',
 since institutions clearly form and evolve over time. Unfortunately,
 however, the next logical step has not yet been taken, which is to
 recognise that historians (and not only economic historians) might also
 have useful and distinctive insights to offer. This article endeavours to
 open and sustain a constructive dialogue between
 history&#xa0;-&#xa0;understood as both 'the past' and 'the discipline'-
 and development policy by (a) clarifying what the craft of historical
 scholarship entails, especially as it pertains to understanding causal
 mechanisms, contexts and complex processes of institutional change, (b)
 providing examples of historical research that support, qualify or
 challenge the most influential research (by economists and economic
 historians) in contemporary development policy, and (c) offering some
 general principles and specific implications that historians, on the basis
 of the distinctive content and method of their research, bring to
 development policy debates. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 70-96 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506913 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506913  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorothee Boccanfuso 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boccanfuso 
Author-Name: Antonio Estache 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estache 
Author-Name: Luc Savard 
Author-X-Name-First: Luc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Savard 
Title: The Intra-country Distributional Impact of Policies to Fight Climate Change: A Survey 
Abstract:
  In this paper we present a survey of distributional impact analysis of
 environmental policies with emphasis on taxes envisaged or implemented to
 reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). These policies usually aim at
 reducing GHG directly or indirectly. However, they can produce important
 changes in factor allocation, relative prices in specific countries as
 well as on world markets when adopted by a large number of countries.
 Changes in welfare can be important for vulnerable groups of population in
 developing countries. This survey reviews the evidence on the incidence of
 these policies. In the process, it shows that the computable general
 equilibrium (CGE) microsimulation approach has not been fully exploited in
 the context. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 97-117 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492861 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492861  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Smriti Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Smriti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: Work and Empowerment: Women and Agriculture in South India 
Abstract:
  This article explores the implications of women's work in agriculture in
 Telangana, a region in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. I suggest that
 higher capital costs for cultivators' post-liberalisation increased the
 pressure to contain wage costs in a region where women form the majority
 of the agricultural wage labour force. Under such conditions, when women
 perform both own-cultivation as well as agricultural wage work in the
 fields of others, they face pressure to restrict bargaining for higher
 wages, contributing to a widening gender wage gap. To the extent that
 wages shape intra-household bargaining power, the empowering effect of
 workforce participation for such women would thus be blunted. From
 available NSS data I provide some preliminary evidence in support of this
 argument. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 294-315 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506910 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506910  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guillaume Gruere 
Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gruere 
Author-Name: Debdatta Sengupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Debdatta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sengupta 
Title: Bt Cotton and Farmer Suicides in India: An Evidence-based Assessment 
Abstract:
  Bt cotton is accused of being responsible for an increase of farmer
 suicides in India. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of
 evidence on Bt cotton and farmer suicides. Available data show no evidence
 of a 'resurgence' of farmer suicides. Moreover, Bt cotton technology has
 been very effective overall in India. Nevertheless, in specific districts
 and years, Bt cotton may have indirectly contributed to farmer
 indebtedness, leading to suicides, but its failure was mainly the result
 of the context or environment in which it was planted. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 316-337 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492863 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492863  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Levison Chiwaula 
Author-X-Name-First: Levison 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiwaula 
Author-Name: Rudolf Witt 
Author-X-Name-First: Rudolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Witt 
Author-Name: Hermann Waibel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hermann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waibel 
Title: An Asset-Based Approach to Vulnerability: The Case of Small-Scale Fishing Areas in Cameroon and Nigeria 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses vulnerability to poverty of rural small-scale fishing
 communities using cross-section data from 295 households in Cameroon and
 267 in Nigeria. We propose a vulnerability measure that incorporates the
 idea of asset poverty into the concept of expected poverty, which allows
 decomposing expected poverty into expected structural-chronic,
 structural-transient, and stochastic-transient poverty. The findings show
 that most households in our study areas are expected to be
 structurally-chronic and structurally-transient poor. This underlines the
 importance of asset formation for long-term poverty reduction strategies.
 Further refinements are possible with longitudinal data and information
 about future states of nature. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 338-353 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599410 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599410  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Valente 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valente 
Title: Household Returns to Land Transfers in South Africa: A Q-squared Analysis 
Abstract:
  The South African land reform programme has been widely criticised for
 its slow pace as well as its apparent lack of contribution to poverty
 reduction. However, there is little systematic evidence of the impact of
 land transfers on their beneficiaries due to data scarcity. This paper
 combines econometric evidence based on official household surveys with
 qualitative data collected specifically to triangulate and complement the
 econometric analysis. The qualitative data analysis confirms the
 plausibility of the econometric finding that, on average, beneficiaries do
 not gain from participation, and suggests that the main reason for the
 disappointing impact of participation is the incompatibility of
 consultant-led land use plans to land grantees' skills. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 354-376 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428415 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428415  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Author-Name: Augustine Ayantunde 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayantunde 
Author-Name: Kristen Patterson 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patterson 
Author-Name: E. Daniel Patterson 
Author-X-Name-First: E. Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patterson 
Title: Livelihood Transitions and the Changing Nature of Farmer-Herder Conflict in Sahelian West Africa 
Abstract:
  The accommodation of livestock husbandry with crop agriculture is crucial
 for the future of the West African Sahel. Present trends are leading to
 greater restrictions on livestock husbandry and a growing convergence of
 livelihood practices among groups whose identities are tied to herding and
 farming. Using the cases of four rural communities in Niger, this study
 adopts an 'access to resources' framework to analyse the causal
 connections among: rural peoples' livelihood strategies, everyday social
 relations of production, perceptions of social groups' identities, and the
 potential for farmer-herder conflict. While the convergence of livelihoods
 arguably increases the frequency of conflict triggers, it has also,
 through the expansion of shared common interests and cross-group,
 production-related relationships, improved the ability of communities to
 effectively manage these incipient conflicts. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 183-206 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599352 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599352  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:2:p:183-206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus Abbink 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbink 
Author-Name: Thomas Jayne 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayne 
Author-Name: Lars Moller 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moller 
Title: The Relevance of a Rules-based Maize Marketing Policy: An Experimental Case Study of Zambia 
Abstract:
  Strategic interaction between public and private actors is increasingly
 recognised as an important determinant of agricultural market performance
 in Africa and elsewhere. Trust and consultation tends to positively affect
 private activity while uncertainty of government behaviour impedes it.
 This paper reports on a laboratory experiment based on a stylised model of
 the Zambian maize market. The experiment facilitates a comparison between
 discretionary interventionism and a rules-based policy in which the
 government pre-commits itself to a future course of action. A simple
 precommitment rule can, in theory, overcome the prevailing strategic
 dilemma by encouraging private sector participation. Although this result
 is also borne out in the economic experiment, the improvement in private
 sector activity is surprisingly small and not statistically significant
 due to irrationally cautious choices by experimental governments.
 Encouragingly, a rules-based policy promotes a much more stable market
 outcome thereby substantially reducing the risk of severe food shortages.
 These results underscore the importance of predictable and transparent
 rules for the state's involvement in agricultural markets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 207-230 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599378 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599378  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:2:p:207-230




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katleen Van den Broeck 
Author-X-Name-First: Katleen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van den Broeck 
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon 
Title: Information Flows and Social Externalities in a Tanzanian Banana Growing Village 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the role of social networks as facilitators of
 information flows and banana output increase. Based on a village census,
 full information is available on the socio-economic characteristics and
 banana production of farmers' kinship group members, neighbours and
 informal insurance group members. The census data enable us to use
 individual specific reference groups and include exogenous group controls
 to tackle standard difficulties related to identification and omitted
 variables bias when analysing social effects. For the survey village of
 Nyakatoke in Tanzania the results suggest that information flows exist
 within all types of groups analysed but output externalities are limited
 to kinship groups. Using networks may offer scope for effective
 information flows on agricultural techniques, but our evidence suggests
 that not just any local network will have a social externality impact,
 requiring a clear understanding of local social networks for maximum
 impact. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 231-252 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599360 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599360  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:2:p:231-252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Biswajit Ray 
Author-X-Name-First: Biswajit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ray 
Author-Name: Rabindra Bhattacharya 
Author-X-Name-First: Rabindra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharya 
Title: Transaction Costs, Collective Action and Survival of Heterogeneous Co-management Institutions: Case Study of Forest Management Organisations in West Bengal, India 
Abstract:
  Cost-effective natural resource management is important for equity and
 efficiency. Yet transaction costs of cooperation may pose a challenge to
 heterogeneous co-management institutions. We conducted a survey in seven
 Forest Protection Committees of West Bengal, India to examine this
 hypothesis empirically. We find that: (1) among several factors, caste
 heterogeneity, distance to forest, political heterogeneity, land
 inequality and trust systematically influence transaction costs and
 collective action; and (2) robust institutions bear less costs of
 cooperation. The implication is that transaction costs related to
 heterogeneity may exert significant influence on successes or failures of
 co-management. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 253-273 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706692 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706692  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. A. Cramb 
Author-X-Name-First: R. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cramb 
Title: Re-Inventing Dualism: Policy Narratives and Modes of Oil Palm Expansion in Sarawak, Malaysia 
Abstract:
  The policy narrative underpinning the current rapid expansion of
 large-scale, private, oil palm plantations in Sarawak, Malaysia, implies a
 dualistic conception of the agrarian transformation underway, such as
 prevailed in the 1950s. This narrative is inconsistent with the history of
 smallholder commercialisation in Sarawak. Post-1981 policy has sought to
 limit smallholder development and deliver large land areas to private
 estates, thus 're-inventing' a dualistic agrarian structure. Oil palm
 expansion in Sarawak has various potential pathways and is driven in its
 present direction, not by dualistic economics, but the exercise of state
 power to maximise opportunities for surplus extraction and political
 patronage. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 274-293 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428381 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428381  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Author-Name: Max Nino-Zarazua 
Author-X-Name-First: Max 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nino-Zarazua 
Title: Financial Access and Exclusion in Kenya and Uganda 
Abstract:
  Policy emphasis has recently shifted to 'Finance for All' given evidence
 that financial sector development contributes to growth but effects on
 poverty do not arise from pro-poor provision. We argue that, given this
 policy goal, analyses of barriers to access must be country specific and
 go beyond the emphasis on transactions costs to incorporate the effects of
 social institutions since these contribute to discrimination. This paper
 uses data from Financial Access Surveys carried out in 2006 in Kenya and
 Uganda to investigate the socio-economic, demographic and geographical
 factors influencing access to and exclusion from formal, semi-formal and
 informal financial services. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 475-496 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492857 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492857  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karine Marazyan 
Author-X-Name-First: Karine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marazyan 
Title: Effects of a Sibship Extension to Foster Children on Children's School Enrolment: A Sibling Rivalry Analysis for Indonesia 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we question whether and how the sibship extension to
 foster children, a common practice in many developing countries, affects
 children's school enrolment status. Based on Indonesian data, we show that
 children's school enrolment increases with the number of foster
 grandchildren in their sibship. Given that grandchildren fostering is
 associated with positive transfers from biological to host parents, this
 result reflects either a release of liquidity constraints in the host
 household or the uncommon preferences of host grandparents. Conversely,
 the proportion of other foster children in a sibship does not have any
 effect. The latter result's explanation depends on the reason children
 other than grandchildren are fostered. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 497-518 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492859 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492859  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabrizio Carmignani 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmignani 
Author-Name: Abdur Chowdhury 
Author-X-Name-First: Abdur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury 
Title: Four Scenarios of Development and the Role of Economic Policy 
Abstract:
  We ask which economic policies can help a country create the most
 favourable conditions for development. We observe that the dynamics of
 several development indicators can be grouped into four clusters, each
 cluster corresponding to a different combination of growth and changes in
 inequality. Based on this observation, we define four different
 development scenarios and use limited dependent variable regressions to
 study how structural and policy factors affect a country's probability to
 achieve the most (or the least) favourable of these scenarios. Our results
 point to a comforting picture: through the choice of appropriate policies
 countries can effectively increase their chances to achieve the most
 favourable development scenario. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 519-532 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506920 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506920  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prema-Chandra Athukorala 
Author-X-Name-First: Prema-Chandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Athukorala 
Title: Trade Liberalisation and The Poverty of Nations: A Review Article 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 533-543 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.490079 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.490079  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gudrun &#xd8;stby 
Author-X-Name-First: Gudrun 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xd8;stby 
Author-Name: Henrik Urdal 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Urdal 
Author-Name: Mohammad Zulfan Tadjoeddin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Zulfan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadjoeddin 
Author-Name: S. Mansoob Murshed 
Author-X-Name-First: S. Mansoob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murshed 
Author-Name: H&#xe5;vard Strand 
Author-X-Name-First: H&#xe5;vard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strand 
Title: Population Pressure, Horizontal Inequality and Political Violence: A Disaggregated Study of Indonesian Provinces, 1990-2003 
Abstract:
  All parts of a country are rarely equally affected by political violence.
 Yet statistical studies largely fail to address sub-national conflict
 dynamics. We address this gap studying variations in 'routine' and
 'episodic' violence between Indonesian provinces from 1990 to 2003. Within
 a grievance framework, the article focuses on the violence potential of
 resource scarcity and population pressure, as well as inter-group dynamics
 related to polarisation and horizontal inequality. Demographic pressure
 and inequality seem to have little effect in isolation. However, in
 provinces where population growth is high, greater levels of inequality
 between religious groups appear to increase the violence risk. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 377-398 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506911 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506911  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ouarda Merrouche 
Author-X-Name-First: Ouarda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrouche 
Title: The Long Term Educational Cost of War: Evidence from Landmine Contamination in Cambodia 
Abstract:
  The economic impact of war may be visible in the long run and
 particularly through its impact on human capital. This paper uses unique
 district level data on landmine contamination intensity in Cambodia
 combined with survey data on individuals to evaluate the long-run impact
 of Cambodia's 30 years of war (1970-1998) on education levels and
 earnings. These effects are identified using difference-in-differences
 (DD) and instrumental variables (IV) estimators. In the DD framework I
 exploit two sources of variation in an individual's exposure to the
 conflict: age in 1970 and landmine contamination intensity in the district
 of residence. The IV specification uses the distance to the Thai border as
 an exogenous source of variation in landmine contamination intensity. The
 most conservative result indicates that individuals who were too young to
 have attended school before the start of the war received on average 0.5
 less years of education. And, immediately after the war there was no
 visible effect on earnings. The effects are therefore overall weak. I
 argue that the destruction of physical capital may be what contributes to
 drive down the returns to education in Cambodia post-war. The estimates
 reported may be very conservative due to both error in our measure of
 conflict intensity and possible selection bias in the placement of
 prosperous regions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 399-416 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.485633 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.485633  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Kaye 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaye 
Title: Informing Grassroots Development: The 1994-1995 Peacebuilding Experience in Northern Ghana 
Abstract:
  Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) focused on poverty alleviation play
 a central role in responding to conflict situations and initiating
 peacebuilding activities. Following the 1994-1995 conflict in Northern
 Ghana, development NGOs coordinated a largely effective grassroots
 peacebuilding effort. However, insights gained from peacebuilding
 activities have not informed ongoing development efforts, which continue
 to propose 'top-down' strategies. By examining the strengths and
 limitations of the peace process in Ghana, this article suggests
 development NGOs apply the grassroots strategies they used for
 peacebuilding to their ongoing development activities. This analysis is
 based on data drawn from archival research as well as field interviews
 with 21 representatives of the state and NGOs, and community and religious
 leaders. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 417-435 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506921 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506921  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olaf De Groot 
Author-X-Name-First: Olaf 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Groot 
Title: Culture, Contiguity and Conflict: On the Measurement of Ethnolinguistic Effects in Spatial Spillovers 
Abstract:
  Research on ethnolinguistic heterogeneity has so far mostly focused on
 domestic measures, while little attention has been paid to ethnolinguistic
 relations between nations. In this paper, I propose a way of measuring
 ethnolinguistic affinity between nations. This index measures the degree
 of similarity two randomly drawn individuals from two different
 populations are expected to display. I show that this measure has several
 attractive theoretical characteristics, which make it particularly useful.
 Subsequently, I construct the measure for all countries in Africa and use
 it to show that civil conflict in Africa is likely to spill over between
 contiguous ethnolinguistically similar countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 436-454 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599386 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599386  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathias Czaika 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Czaika 
Author-Name: Amy Mayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Amy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer 
Title: Refugee Movements and Aid Responsiveness of Bilateral Donors 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the impact of refugee migration movements on the
 long-term and short-term aid allocation decisions of bilateral donors. We
 distinguish between different types of forced migrants: internally
 displaced persons (IDPs) that stay in their country of origin,
 cross-border refugees that flee to neighboring countries, and asylum
 seekers in Western donor states. For the period 1992 to 2003, empirical
 evidence on 18 donor and 148 recipient countries suggests that short-term
 emergency aid is given to all types of refugee situations, but is
 predominantly directed towards the countries of origin. For long-term
 development aid, Western donor states allocate aid funds primarily to the
 sending-countries of asylum seekers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 455-474 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.492855 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.492855  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Yates 
Author-X-Name-First: Julian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yates 
Author-Name: Jutta Gutberlet 
Author-X-Name-First: Jutta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutberlet 
Title: Enhancing Livelihoods and the Urban Environment: The Local Political Framework for Integrated Organic Waste Management in Diadema, Brazil 
Abstract:
  Drawing on a participatory study of integrated organic waste management,
 this article explores the local political barriers and preconditions for
 its implementation in Diadema, Brazil. Solid waste management in Brazil is
 embedded in and mediated by a political framework that is characterised by
 uneven power geometries. This article explores how the local political
 context affects the potential for integrated organic waste management in
 Diadema, paying particular attention to relations between stakeholders.
 The discussion addresses the contested nature of deliberative
 decision-making spaces and the need for pro-active socio-environmental
 policies. The findings underline the importance of a praxis of everyday
 public participation that goes beyond rhetoric. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 639-656 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506914 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506914  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:4:p:639-656




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Muller 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muller 
Author-Name: Christophe Nordman 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordman 
Title: Within-Firm Human Capital Externalities in Tunisia 
Abstract:
  This case study exploits matched firm-employee Tunisian data in order to
 underline the role played by within-firm human capital in worker
 remuneration. The estimated returns to human capital in wage equations
 remain unchanged when the dummies representing firm heterogeneity are
 replaced in the list of regressors with three firm variables: a textile
 industry dummy, within-firm mean education, and firm age. We find that
 part of what is usually considered as return to education may be due to
 within-firm externalities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 657-675 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506912 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506912  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Cramer 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cramer 
Title: From Economic Crisis to Reform: IMF Programs in Latin America and Eastern Europe 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 676-678 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.490083 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.490083  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:4:p:676-678




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Pacheco-Lopez 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pacheco-Lopez 
Author-Name: A. P. Thirlwall 
Author-X-Name-First: A. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirlwall 
Title: The Truth about Trade: The Real Impact of Liberalisation 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 678-680 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.490084 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.490084  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:4:p:678-680




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kishor Sharma 
Author-X-Name-First: Kishor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma 
Title: Trade Policy, Inequality and Performance in Indian Manufacturing 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 680-681 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.490081 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.490081  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence 
Title: Development Finance: Debates, Dogmas and New Directions 
Abstract:
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 681-682 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.490082 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.490082  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vittorio Daniele 
Author-X-Name-First: Vittorio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Daniele 
Title: Natural Resources and the 'Quality' of Economic Development 
Abstract:
  Are natural resources a 'blessing' or a 'curse' for human development?
 This article attempts to answer the question by distinguishing between a
 'dependence' on natural resources and an 'abundance' of the same.
 Dependence is measured in terms of exports of metals and fuel, while
 resource abundance is calculated on the basis of the subsoil assets per
 square kilometre and per capita. Results show the existence of a negative
 correlation between metals and ore exports and human development, while
 subsoil assets measures are, rather, positively related. These effects are
 particularly significant in countries with a comparatively lower
 institutional quality. The cases of Botswana, the Democratic Republic of
 Congo and Equatorial Guinea, briefly examined, suggest, however, that the
 effects of natural resources on human and economic development can be very
 different, and strictly related to specific national political and
 institutional characteristics. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 545-573 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506915 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506915  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Greg Hiemstra-van der Horst 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hiemstra-van der Horst 
Title: 'We are Scared to Say No': Facing Foreign Timber Companies in Sierra Leone's Community Woodlands 
Abstract:
  In recent years, 'decentralisation' has become an increasingly prominent
 theme in Sub-Saharan African development theory and practice, particularly
 around woodland management. Although much research has illuminated
 challenges arising in project design and implementation, 'external'
 threats to decentralised resource management initiatives have received
 little attention. At the same time, however, there has been a massive
 increase in foreign, particularly Chinese, corporate investment in the
 extraction of African resources. This paper examines the importance of the
 interaction between these two trends to local livelihoods and resource
 management through a case study of illegal logging by Chinese companies in
 Sierra Leone. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 574-594 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220380903428449 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220380903428449  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:4:p:574-594




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Maconachie 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maconachie 
Author-Name: Gavin Hilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilson 
Title: Artisanal Gold Mining: A New Frontier in Post-Conflict Sierra Leone? 
Abstract:
  This paper argues that a formalised small-scale gold mining sector could
 ameliorate Sierra Leone's emerging 'crisis of youth'. Burgeoning pockets
 of unemployed young men now found scattered throughout the country, the
 mobilisation of whom proved instrumental in prolonging civil war in the
 1990s, have fuelled fresh concerns about renewed violence. If supported,
 small-scale gold mining could provide immediate economic relief in the
 form of direct employment and downstream activities. Its promotion,
 however, is contingent upon a radical change in mindset in policymaking
 circles. Gold mining continues to be associated with diamond mining, an
 industry which perpetuated the country's civil war. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 595-616 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599402 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599402  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:4:p:595-616




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Arellano-Yanguas 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arellano-Yanguas 
Title: Aggravating the Resource Curse: Decentralisation, Mining and Conflict in Peru 
Abstract:
  In the early part of this decade, at the beginning of the recent
 international commodity price boom, Peru adopted major components of the
 new 'localist' policy paradigm for the management of natural resources. A
 large fraction of revenues were transferred to the subnational governments
 in the mining areas. Additionally, the government encouraged mining
 companies to assume a more active role locally. The results have been
 disappointing. Statistical and fieldwork evidence shows that these
 policies have exacerbated local political conflicts. The new 'localist'
 policy paradigm is unlikely to be effective when, as in contemporary Peru,
 national political institutions are not supportive. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 617-638 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003706478 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003706478  
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:4:p:617-638




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ji-Whan Yun 
Author-X-Name-First: Ji-Whan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun 
Title: Unbalanced Development: The Origin of Korea's Self-Employment Problem from a Comparative Perspective 
Abstract:
  Why does South Korea have a demographically massive and economically
 vulnerable self-employed population? From a comparative perspective, this
 study argues that Korea's self-employment problem originated in the
 country's process of unbalanced development: Korea benefited from the
 strategy of export-led growth, yet it did not manage the negative impact
 of this strategy on labour force absorption. The consequence of unbalanced
 development is the limited capacity of labour markets to absorb the
 workforce. Therefore, rural migrants in urban areas had no choice but to
 open small businesses, despite having few financial and technological
 resources. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 786-803 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514329 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.514329  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephane Straub 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Straub 
Title: Infrastructure and Development: A Critical Appraisal of the Macro-level Literature 
Abstract:
  This survey reviews the existing macro-level empirical literature on the
 link between infrastructure and development in a critical light. After
 providing a general framework that casts the problem in the context of an
 aggregate production function, it signals what are the relevant empirical
 questions to be addressed. This guides the systematic review of a number
 of empirical studies and the discussion of the main econometric challenges
 to the identification of the effect of infrastructure on output and
 productivity. Finally, building on related research, in particular in
 contract theory and political economy, the article spells out several
 promising research avenues. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 683-708 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509785 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509785  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ren Mu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mu 
Author-Name: Dominique van de Walle 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique 
Author-X-Name-Last: van de Walle 
Title: Rural Roads and Local Market Development in Vietnam 
Abstract:
  We assess impacts of rural road rehabilitation on market development at
 the commune level in rural Vietnam and examine the geographic, community,
 and household covariates of impact. Double difference and matching methods
 are used to address sources of selection bias in identifying impacts. The
 results point to significant average impacts on the development of local
 markets. There is also evidence of considerable impact heterogeneity, with
 a tendency for poorer communes to have higher impacts due to lower levels
 of initial market development. Yet, some poor areas are also saddled with
 other attributes that reduce those impacts. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 709-734 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220381003599436 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220381003599436  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tewodaj Mogues 
Author-X-Name-First: Tewodaj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mogues 
Title: The Bang for the Birr: Public Expenditures and Rural Welfare in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  This article explores the impact of different types of public spending on
 rural household welfare in Ethiopia. The analysis reveals that public
 spending on road infrastructure is characterised by relatively high, but
 regionally strongly concentrated, returns in terms of rural household
 welfare. This is quite in contrast to the returns to public expenditures
 in education, which have attributes of much wider reach but less
 intensity. Public investments in agriculture show results that are low in
 magnitude and in statistical significance, mostly due to a poor link
 between public expenditures in agriculture and productivity in the sector. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 735-752 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509925 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509925  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorg Peters 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peters 
Author-Name: Colin Vance 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vance 
Title: Rural Electrification and Fertility&#xa0;-&#xa0;Evidence from Cote d'Ivoire 
Abstract:
  Using household-level survey data from Cote d'Ivoire, this paper
 investigates the determinants of fertility with a particular focus on the
 effect of electrification. Based on a Poisson regression model, our
 analysis suggests a highly significant relationship between fertility and
 electricity, but one that is only revealed when the model distinguishes
 between rural and urban areas. Specifically, we find a positive
 association between electricity and fertility for urban households,
 contrasted by a negative relationship for rural households. This dichotomy
 is suggested to reflect the influences of electricity in facilitating
 child care, offset by its modernising impacts through the provision of
 information. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 753-766 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527954 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.527954  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dierk Herzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Dierk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herzer 
Title: The Long-run Relationship between Outward Foreign Direct Investment and Total Factor Productivity: Evidence for Developing Countries 
Abstract:
  Outward foreign direct investment (FDI) from developing countries has
 been growing significantly in both absolute and relative importance in
 recent years. Nevertheless, there is surprisingly little research on the
 home-country effects of outward FDI for these countries. This paper
 examines the long-run relationship between outward FDI and total factor
 productivity for a sample of 33 developing countries over the period from
 1980 to 2005. Using panel co-integration techniques, we find that outward
 FDI has, on average, a robust positive long-run effect on total factor
 productivity in developing countries and that increased factor
 productivity is both a consequence and a cause of increased outward FDI. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 767-785 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509790 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509790  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Acosta 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta 
Title: School Attendance, Child Labour, and Remittances from International Migration in El Salvador 
Abstract:
  International migrant remittances can increase household budget and
 reduce liquidity constraint problems, generating consumption and
 investment opportunities for recipient households. In particular,
 remittances can enable investing in children's human capital and reduce
 child labour, key outcomes from the perspective of growth in a developing
 country. Using data for El Salvador, this article shows: a) a null or
 insignificant overall impact of remittances on schooling; b) a strong
 reduction of child wage labour in remittance-recipient households; and c)
 an increase in unpaid family work activities for children in those
 households. Moreover, the evidence shows important differences by gender
 and age of the child in consideration. While girls seem to indeed increase
 school attendance upon remittance receipts by reducing labour activities,
 boys do not benefit on average from higher schooling but some time
 substitution takes place favouring family work activities over paid jobs.
 And among secondary school-aged children, the impact of remittance may
 even be negative for educational prospects. These results suggest the
 presence of differences in the allocation of resources within the
 household. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 913-936 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.563298 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2011.563298  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Title: Evaluating the Economic Impact of International Remittances On Developing Countries Using Household Surveys: A Literature Review 
Abstract:
  This literature review covers 50 recent empirical studies of the economic
 impact of international remittances on the developing world that are based
 on household survey data. It begins by reviewing the considerable
 methodological problems confronting economic work on international
 remittances, and then examines the strengths and weaknesses of various
 economic studies of the impact of remittances in the developing world on
 such outcomes as: poverty and inequality, health and education, investment
 and savings, labour supply and participation, and economic growth. It
 finds that while international remittances generally have a positive
 impact on poverty and health in the developing world, remittances can have
 negative effects on labour supply, education and economic growth. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 809-828 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.563299 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2011.563299  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Author-Name: Eliana Jimenez 
Author-X-Name-First: Eliana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jimenez 
Title: Subjectively-assessed Welfare and International Remittances: Evidence from Tonga 
Abstract:
  Using data from a customised household survey in Tonga we assess the
 responsiveness of migrants' remittances to perceived needs of recipients.
 We extend a mixed-motives model, incorporating subjectively-assessed
 recipient welfare. We find evidence supportive of altruism for households
 below a subjective threshold, implying that remittances provide important
 social protection for the poor. We also find a positive relationship for
 those above the threshold implying that welfare improvements in
 migrant-sending countries could increase or decrease remittance flows
 depending on pre-transfer welfare level. The effects of remittances on
 poverty alleviation and income distribution are hence more complex and
 ambiguous than previous studies suggest. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 829-845 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.501376 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.501376  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Calogero Carletto 
Author-X-Name-First: Calogero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carletto 
Author-Name: Talip Kilic 
Author-X-Name-First: Talip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilic 
Title: Moving Up the Ladder? The Impact of Migration Experience on Occupational Mobility in Albania 
Abstract:
  This study uses the 2005 Albanian Living Standards Measurement Study
 Survey and estimates the impact of international migration experience on
 the occupational mobility of return migrants vis-a-vis working-age
 Albanian residents that never migrated. Controlling for the non-random
 nature of international migration and return, the results show that past
 migration experience increases the likelihood of upward occupational
 mobility. Since such impact is likely to depend on differences in earning
 potentials and opportunities for skill acquisition across destination
 countries, we explore the heterogeneity of impact by host country. The
 results indicate that the positive effect of past migration experience on
 upward occupational mobility is driven by past migration experience in
 Italy and countries further afield, while past migration experience in
 Greece does not exert any significant impact on mobility outcomes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 846-869 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509926 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509926  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paolo Verme 
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verme 
Title: The Poverty Reduction Capacity of Public and Private Transfers in Transition 
Abstract:
  The transitional economies of the Former Soviet Union have enjoyed an
 extraordinary period of growth and poverty reduction between 2000 and 2007
 and this occurred in concomitance with significant increases in private
 and public transfers to households. The article assesses the relative
 importance of these transfers for welfare and poverty in Moldova, the
 poorest country in Europe. A longitudinal analysis based on panel data
 reveals that private transfers and social insurance transfers are
 effective in improving welfare and reducing poverty whereas social
 assistance transfers have little or no effect. Social insurance and social
 assistance seem to have swapped roles. Social insurance is most relevant
 for lifting people out of poverty while social assistance&#xa0;-&#xa0;if
 anything&#xa0;-&#xa0;has a small role in protecting the non-poor from
 falling into poverty. We also find that the different types of transfers
 do not crowd-out each other and that social insurance may in fact
 reinforce the capacity of private transfers to reduce poverty. Such
 findings have several policy implications for the near future: (a) poor
 households in Former Soviet Union transitional economies remain highly
 vulnerable to shocks in public and private transfers; (b) the 2008-2009
 recession is likely to expose this vulnerability and result in a surge in
 poverty larger than expected; and (c) the social assistance systems remain
 in great need of pro-poor reforms and cannot currently provide an adequate
 protection from economic shocks. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 870-893 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514334 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.514334  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thankom Arun 
Author-X-Name-First: Thankom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arun 
Author-Name: Hulya Ulku 
Author-X-Name-First: Hulya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulku 
Title: Determinants of Remittances: The Case of the South Asian Community in Manchester 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the remittance behaviour of the South Asian
 community using new data from Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi households
 in Manchester. The findings show that standard variables such as income,
 employment, education, linkages to the home country and host country are
 important determinants of remittances. Although remittances are sent
 mainly for consumption purposes, those sent for land acquisition and
 savings have stronger association with the amount of remittances. In
 addition, we find strong evidence for the remittance decay hypothesis for
 Indian and Pakistani migrants, but not for Bangladeshi migrants. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 894-912 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527951 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.527951  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reetika Khera 
Author-X-Name-First: Reetika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khera 
Title: India's Public Distribution System: Utilisation and Impact 
Abstract:
  This article studies the effectiveness of India's Public Distribution
 System (PDS) as a food security intervention, using field survey data
 collected by the author in Rajasthan. Utilisation is low, and many
 households purchase wheat from the market at higher prices before
 exhausting PDS quotas. This 'puzzle of under-purchase' is analysed by
 extending the dual-pricing model to account for supply-side (for example,
 diversion) and demand-side (for example, transaction costs) constraints.
 Primary and secondary data as well as field observations suggest that
 under-purchase is mainly due to supply constraints. I also find that the
 PDS affects the composition (away from more nutritious 'coarse cereals'),
 rather than level, of cereal consumption. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1038-1060 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506917 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.506917  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armando Barrientos 
Author-X-Name-First: Armando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrientos 
Title: Participation and Earnings of Older People in Argentina: Nice Work if You Can Get It? 
Abstract:
  The article explores the potential contribution of better labour market
 participation among older people in Argentina to address old age poverty
 and vulnerability. The acute financial crisis in 2001 led to a steep rise
 in poverty and renewed concerns over the deterioration of old age support.
 Broadly, two main strategies took shape: to strengthen pension provision
 for poorer and vulnerable older people, and to improve their labour market
 participation. Using data from a dedicated survey of older people, the
 article tests the feasibility and effectiveness of the second strategy
 through a detailed analysis of the labour market participation and
 earnings of older people in Argentina. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1061-1079 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514333 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.514333  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Serieux 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Serieux 
Title: Aid and Resource Mobilisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: the Role of Reverse Flows 
Abstract:
  This article seeks to ascertain the role of 'reverse flows' in explaining
 the observed limited impact of aid on resource mobilisation in Sub-Saharan
 Africa. It departs from the previous empirical literature on aid and
 resource mobilisation by abandoning the pervasive, but untenable,
 assumption that aid either displaces domestic saving (increases
 consumption) or increases investment. Some aid is, in fact, used to
 finance reverse flows (debt servicing, capital flight, and reserve
 accumulation). The evidence suggests that, for the period covering 1980 to
 2006, nearly 50 per cent of aid to Sub-Saharan African countries was used
 to finance reverse flows. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1080-1107 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509789 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509789  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Antonio Alonso 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alonso 
Title: Colonisation, Institutions and Development: New Evidence 
Abstract:
  This article analyses current attempts to identify the factors underlying
 long-term economic growth. The author criticises some of the arguments and
 historical evidence on which the two main explanations that dominate
 recent literature are based: the institutional approach and the approach
 focusing on the importance of geographical factors. Using an approach
 which is deliberately eclectic, the author considers the role of
 geography, international trade, human capital and institutional quality in
 explaining development. A new estimation is carried out through Two Stages
 Least Squares (TSLS) with instrumental variables. The results of the
 empirical model confirm the central role of institutions in long-term
 economic growth. However, certain geographical conditions also seem to
 have influenced countries' chances of progress. The human capital is a
 less robust factor in explaining economic growth and trade openness does
 not seem significant in any estimation. Nevertheless, several questions
 remain to be answered, suggesting that cross-country estimations need to
 be complemented with a deeper historical analysis. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 937-958 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527948 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.527948  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Andres 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andres 
Author-Name: Carlyn Ramlogan-Dobson 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramlogan-Dobson 
Title: Is Corruption Really Bad for Inequality? Evidence from Latin America 
Abstract:
  This article presents new evidence on the relationship between corruption
 and income inequality. Using a panel data methodology, we find that lower
 corruption is associated with higher income inequality in Latin America.
 This result is in contrast to other empirical studies but it makes sense
 in Latin America for a number of reasons. The finding of an inverse
 relationship between inequality and corruption suggests that institutional
 reform policies by themselves may be misguided. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 959-976 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509784 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509784  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lewis Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: Lewis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Author-Name: Mark Hopkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopkins 
Title: The Institutional Foundations of Inequality and Growth 
Abstract:
  After a decade of research, the effect of inequality on long-run economic
 growth remains unresolved, in part because researchers have treated
 omitted variable bias as an estimation problem rather than a deeper
 question of causality. In this article we argue that the key omitted
 variable is the quality of economic institutions. Using both cross-country
 and panel data specifications, we find no direct effect of inequality on
 growth in the long-run. Rather, the protection of property rights
 simultaneously raises growth rates and reduces income inequality. We
 interpret these findings as evidence that insecure property rights
 disproportionately disadvantage the poor. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 977-997 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527953 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.527953  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abbi Kedir 
Author-X-Name-First: Abbi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kedir 
Author-Name: Gamal Ibrahim 
Author-X-Name-First: Gamal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibrahim 
Title: ROSCAs in Urban Ethiopia: Are the Characteristics of the Institutions More Important than those of Members? 
Abstract:
  Using household data from urban Ethiopia, we provide an empirical test of
 the economic theory of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs)
 and identify the impact of ROSCAs and member characteristics on
 participation and volume of saving. Unlike other studies, we account for
 the endogeneity of all ROSCA variables. Muslims, individuals who live in
 richer households, the self-employed, private sector employees and
 households with large numbers of women are more likely to join ROSCAs. A
 robust finding is that the savings are significantly affected by the
 characteristics of the members but not that of the informal saving
 institution. Some policy implications are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 998-1016 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.536219  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarmistha Pal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pal 
Author-Name: Robert Palacios 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palacios 
Title: Understanding Poverty among the Elderly in India: Implications for Social Pension Policy 
Abstract:
  Since 1995, cash transfers to the poor elderly or 'social pensions' have
 been one of the most important anti-poverty programmes in India. On the
 assumption that elderly poverty rates are higher than the general
 population, the minimum eligibility condition is set for 60&#xa0;+ in most
 states. Our analysis using 52nd and 60th round household-level National
 Sample Survey data, however, suggests that households with targeted
 elderly members 60&#xa0;+ do not necessarily have higher poverty rates
 than non-elderly households. Further analysis suggests that there is an
 expenditure-mortality link so that the poor tend to die younger and are
 therefore under-represented among those aged 60&#xa0;+ in most states. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1017-1037 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509783 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220388.2010.509783  
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renata Serra 
Author-X-Name-First: Renata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Serra 
Title: The Promises of a New Social Capital Agenda 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title> Some key pitfalls in social
 capital research stem from an uncritical belief in social capital as the
 solution to collective action problems, and a tendency to regard tight
 social relations within communities as an unproblematic field. In the
 effort to engage with these limitations and provide better insights into
 real-world development problems and solutions, the article argues for a
 more promising agenda. It does so by combining development microeconomics'
 insights on the determinants of trust and the uneven effects of social
 networks, with nuanced anthropological approaches to the context-dependent
 features of social relations and the role of status and power. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1109-1127 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.547938 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.547938 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Salvatore di Falco 
Author-X-Name-First: Salvatore 
Author-X-Name-Last: di Falco 
Author-Name: Erwin Bulte 
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulte 
Title: A Dark Side of Social Capital? Kinship, Consumption, and Savings 
Abstract:
   We explore whether traditional sharing norms in
 kinship networks affect consumption and accumulation decisions of poor
 black households in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Using a proxy for the
 number of family dependents, our results are consistent with the
 interpretation that households try to evade their &#x2018;sharing
 obligations&#x2019; by (i) accumulating durables that are non-sharable at
 the expense of durables that may be shared and (ii) reducing savings in
 liquid assets. By attenuating accumulation incentives, kinship sharing may
 come at the expense of income growth&#xA0;--&#xA0;if so, a
 culturally-induced poverty trap can possibly eventuate. We demonstrate
 tentative evidence that more extensive kinship networks are associated
 with lower incomes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1128-1151 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514328 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.514328 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1128-1151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joachim De Weerdt 
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Weerdt 
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps 
Title: Social Identity and the Formation of Health Insurance Networks 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title>  <italic>In a panel survey of an
 informal insurance network in Tanzania we find none of the tell-tale signs
 that insurance transfers follow reciprocal risk sharing arrangements among
 self-interested individuals: insurance remittances do not occur through
 informal loans; transfers are not regressive; and they do not fall when
 shocks are repeated over time. The evidence of unreciprocated transfers
 occurring between kin is suggestive of risk sharing based on altruism or
 social norms</italic>. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1152-1177 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527952 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.527952 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1152-1177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciano Ciravegna 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciravegna 
Title: FDI, Social Ties and Technological Learning in New Silicon Valley Clones. Evidence from the Costa Rican ICT Cluster 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title> This study, based on qualitative
 evidence collected through 150 interviews with local entrepreneurs,
 multinational corporations (MNC) directors, and other actors, contributes
 to the understanding of the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) by
 showing that the social ties of local entrepreneurs and MNC directors
 affect technological learning in the Costa Rican information and
 communication technologies (ICT) cluster in ways that are often overlooked
 by the literature on technological capabilities. It illustrates that the
 social disembeddedness of MNC directors and the low endowment of
 transnational social ties of local entrepreneurs contribute to explain the
 limited effect of FDI on technological learning in the Costa Rican Silicon
 Valley clone. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1178-1198 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.547935 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.547935 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1178-1198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Dufhues 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dufhues 
Author-Name: Gertrud Buchenrieder 
Author-X-Name-First: Gertrud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchenrieder 
Author-Name: Dirk G. Euler 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Euler 
Author-Name: Nuchanata Munkung 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuchanata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munkung 
Title: Network Based Social Capital and Individual Loan Repayment Performance 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title> This study analyses the effects
 of social capital on the repayment behaviour of borrowers in Thailand. In
 the context of agricultural economics, an innovative data collection
 approach is used that originates from the field of sociology. A personal
 network survey is carried out to measure the individual social capital of
 borrowers. Social capital variables are defined according to: tie strength
 (bonding/bridging) and social distance (linking) between the respondent
 and his/her network member. Bonding social capital has a significant and
 positive influence on repayment performance. However, we find no
 significant evidence for an effect of bridging and linking social capital. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1199-1215 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.547936 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.547936 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1199-1215




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Philippe Berrou 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berrou 
Author-Name: Fran&#xE7;ois Combarnous 
Author-X-Name-First: Fran&#xE7;ois 
Author-X-Name-Last: Combarnous 
Title: Testing Lin's Social Capital Theory in an Informal African Urban Economy 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title> In order to test Lin's social
 capital theory in an informal African urban economy, this article outlines
 an approach articulated around the notion of &#x2018;ego-centred
 network&#x2019;. We used an original dataset collected in Bobo-Dioulasso
 (Burkina Faso) to evaluate how member attributes in entrepreneurs'
 networks tend to influence their economic outcomes. The instrument of
 multiple name generators provides a vast amount of information that can be
 used to compute quantitative measures of the composition of networks. We
 show that the proportion of members with a high social status have no
 significant positive impact on economic outcomes, contrary to more
 approachable individuals. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1216-1240 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.547937 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.547937 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1216-1240




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Merima Ali 
Author-X-Name-First: Merima 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali 
Author-Name: Jack Peerlings 
Author-X-Name-First: Jack 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peerlings 
Title: Ethnic Ties in Trade Relationships and the Impact on Economic Performance: The Case of Small-Scale Producers in the Handloom Sector in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article analyses the importance of
 ethnic ties in trade relationships of small-scale producers in the
 handloom sector in Ethiopia using both a non-parametric and a parametric
 statistical method. It is shown how various socio-economic characteristics
 of producers lead to ethnic ties with traders. It is also shown that
 ethnic ties affect the performance of producers negatively. Apparently the
 positive effect of ethnic ties, through the reduction of transaction costs
 arising from market imperfections, does not outweigh the negative effects
 of closed social networks. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1241-1260 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579110 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579110 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1241-1260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glyn Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: Glyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Author-Name: Binitha V. Thampi 
Author-X-Name-First: Binitha V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thampi 
Author-Name: D. Narayana 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Narayana 
Author-Name: Sailaja Nandigama 
Author-X-Name-First: Sailaja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nandigama 
Author-Name: Dwaipayan Bhattacharyya 
Author-X-Name-First: Dwaipayan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharyya 
Title: Performing Participatory Citizenship&#xA0;--&#xA0;Politics and Power in Kerala's <italic>Kudumbashree</italic> Programme 
Abstract:
   This article examines the operation of
 Kudumbashree, the Poverty Eradication Mission for the Indian State of
 Kerala. Kudumbashree operates through female-only Neighbourhood Groups,
 which aim to contribute to their participants' economic uplift, and to
 integrate them with the activities and institutions of local governance.
 As such, Kudumbashree echoes poverty alleviation programmes elsewhere in
 the Global South designed to link poverty alleviation to &#x2018;active
 citizenship&#x2019;. This article evaluates the programme, looking in turn
 at its impacts on women's participation in public space, its attempts to
 engineer participatory citizenship through engagement with the local
 state, and the wider consequences of its particular linking of
 participation and poverty alleviation for processes of exclusion within
 Kerala. It argues that although the programme has undoubtedly been
 successful in its scale and in supporting women's public participation,
 questions remain over both the autonomy of the &#x2018;invited
 spaces&#x2019; it has created, and the underlying vision of poverty
 alleviation it embodies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1261-1280 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527949 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.527949 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:8:p:1261-1280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yoshito Takasaki 
Author-X-Name-First: Yoshito 
Author-X-Name-Last: Takasaki 
Title: Do Local Elites Capture Natural Disaster Reconstruction Funds? 
Abstract:
   Using original survey data with rich, direct
 measures of local elites in rural Fiji, this article examines potential
 elite capture in the allocation of natural disaster reconstruction funds.
 Allocations of housing construction materials&#xA0;--&#xA0;both receipt
 and amount received&#xA0;--&#xA0;across villages, clans, and households
 are strongly targeted on cyclone damage, and local elites do not receive
 larger benefits over time. As the supply of reconstruction funds is
 limited during early periods, more severely affected victims do not
 receive benefits early, while clan leaders and elite clans do receive
 benefits early within villages. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1281-1298 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509786 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.509786 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1281-1298




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pia Hollenbach 
Author-X-Name-First: Pia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hollenbach 
Author-Name: Kanchana N. Ruwanpura 
Author-X-Name-First: Kanchana N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruwanpura 
Title: Symbolic Gestures: The Development Terrain of Post-Tsunami Villages in (Southern) Sri Lanka 
Abstract:
   This article analyses how rituals and ceremonies
 were deployed in the post-tsunami rehabilitation process in Sri Lanka to
 &#x2018;incorporate&#x2019; development projects into the habitus and
 social reality of local communities. It argues that even though the aid
 delivery process is represented as a gift, in reality it is more concerned
 with strengthening the social capital of the local and foreign donors.
 Through this process there is an expectation and an implicit demand for
 acquiescence from the beneficiaries, which leaves them with a social debt.
 This, in turn, compels them to participate in the game of development
 rituals and ceremonies, in order to express their (ambivalent) gratitude
 and thankfulness. Through two case studies, we explore how the good
 intentions of donors to provide aid and alleviate suffering and the
 acceptance of this aid by the local communities, results in an asymmetric
 relationship where both become accomplices of Bourdieuian notions of
 subtle and gentle violence. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1299-1314 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527950 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.527950 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1299-1314




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bryan Maddox 
Author-X-Name-First: Bryan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maddox 
Author-Name: Lucio Esposito 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Esposito 
Title: Sufficiency Re-examined: A Capabilities Perspective on the Assessment of Functional Adult Literacy 
Abstract:
   There is a growing consensus that the dichotomous
 categories of literate and illiterate should be abandoned. However, the
 dichotomy has considerable utility in the analysis of educational
 achievements and inequality in developing countries. Statistics on
 functional adult literacy are intended to tell us whether people have
 achieved a minimum level or threshold of functioning necessary for their
 daily life. We should therefore carefully consider the implications of
 such change. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1315-1331 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509788 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.509788 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1315-1331




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jo   Thori Lind 
Author-X-Name-First: Jo   Thori 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lind 
Author-Name: Karl Moene 
Author-X-Name-First: Karl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moene 
Title: Miserly Developments 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> We measure the level of poverty in the
 midst of affluence using what we denote the miser index. We calculate the
 index of poverty-induced polarisation for a number of countries. The most
 miserly countries are in Southern Africa and Latin America. Miserly
 countries tend to be socially fractionalised, bureaucratically
 inefficient, and politically corrupt. They provide low levels of
 healthcare and education. Considering the world as a single entity, we
 find a dramatic rise in global miserliness over the last 30 years going
 from the level of Colombia to that of South Africa.  <disp-quote
 specific-use="block"> For one very rich man, there must be at least five
 hundred poor, and the affluence of the few supposes the indigence of the
 many. (Adam Smith, 1776: 232) </disp-quote>  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1332-1352 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.514332 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1332-1352




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katherine Brickell 
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brickell 
Title: The &#x2018;Stubborn Stain&#x2019; on Development: Gendered Meanings of Housework (Non-)Participation in Cambodia 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title> The persistence of
 intra-household inequality is widely regarded as a &#x2018;stubborn
 stain&#x2019; on development achievements and aspirations. As a key
 hindrance, this article considers gendered meanings of housework
 undertaken in male-headed households of Siem Reap, Cambodia. Encompassing
 cooking, cleaning and child-care as forms of unpaid labour performed in
 the home, the article uses in-depth interviews to reveal the differential
 discourses that men and women draw upon to explain current variances in
 the (non)-sharing of this work. It brings to the fore the diversity, and
 divergence, of meanings surrounding this everyday practice, discursive
 domains of domestic inequality which must inform future development
 interventions and programmes. Until such time that these underlying
 discourses are taken seriously in the development arena, the article
 argues that women's housework will remain largely tied to appeals to
 cultures, traditions and customs that guard against the &#x2018;cleaning
 up&#x2019; of housework injustice. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1353-1370 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527955 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.527955 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1353-1370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emilios Galariotis 
Author-X-Name-First: Emilios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Galariotis 
Author-Name: Christophe Villa 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Villa 
Author-Name: Nurmukhammad Yusupov 
Author-X-Name-First: Nurmukhammad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yusupov 
Title: Recent Advances in Lending to the Poor with Asymmetric Information 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc>&#x2003;</title> Microfinance institutions have
 successfully extended unsecured small loans to poor and opaque borrowers
 at the bottom of the economic pyramid. This success is largely due to
 innovative financial contracts that impose joint liability and create
 dynamic incentives to mitigate the effects of asymmetric information.
 Given recent advances in microfinance contracts, there is a need to map
 the theoretical developments. This article aims to accomplish that by
 performing a critical literature survey of microlending contracts,
 focussing on joint liability and dynamic incentives, bringing out some of
 the deficiencies of contract-theoretic propositions that cannot
 effectively account for the social mission of microfinance. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1371-1390 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527956 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.527956 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1371-1390




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khalid Sekkat 
Author-X-Name-First: Khalid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sekkat 
Title: Firm Sponsored Training and Productivity in Morocco 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc>&#x2003;</title> Using a sample of around 500
 large and small firms covering six industries in Morocco, the article
 investigates the relationship between a firm's training decision in 1999
 and labour productivity in subsequent years. The analytical framework
 allows output to depend on unobserved-time-invariant firm characteristics
 and assumes that technical progress depends on training. Controlling for
 unobserved heterogeneity among firms and correcting for potential
 self-selection and endogeneity bias, the estimation shows that the
 intensity of training has a significant and positive impact on
 productivity in small and medium enterprises. The finding is robust to the
 introduction of various control variables. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1391-1409 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536218 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.536218 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1391-1409




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Amin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin 
Title: Competition and Demographics in Large Indian Cities 
Abstract:
   Recent studies suggest that consumer-household
 attributes may be as important in determining the level of competition in
 certain markets as firm characteristics and the number of firms. However,
 evidence on which consumer-household attributes matter for competition is
 limited, especially for developing countries. Focusing on India's retail
 sector, this article contributes to this literature by showing that the
 number of adult non-workers per household in the city, a proxy for
 shopping time opportunity cost, has a strong effect on competition between
 retailers. Policy implications of our findings in light of the ongoing
 dramatic reductions in non-workers in India are discussed. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1410-1430 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536224 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.536224 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1410-1430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo Becchetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Becchetti 
Author-Name: Pierluigi Conzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierluigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Conzo 
Author-Name: Fabio Pisani 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pisani 
Title: Virtuous Interactions in Removing Exclusion: The Link between Foreign Market Access and Access to Education 
Abstract:
   We outline a methodology which aims to give an
 answer to the widespread demand of impact analyses by regulators or by
 funding agencies which need to evaluate the current and past performance
 of development projects and may lack time series evidence. We devise a
 retrospective panel data approach to evaluate the dynamics of the effects
 of fair trade affiliation on the schooling decisions of a sample of Thai
 organic rice producers across the past 20 years. We find that the
 probability of school enrolment in families with more than two children is
 significantly affected by fair trade affiliation years. We try to
 ascertain whether our finding is robust to endogeneity of producers'
 choices of local cooperative affiliation and adoption of organic
 techniques. The significant difference between pre- and post-fair trade
 affiliation performance documents that fair trade participation generates
 a significant break in the schooling decisions of affiliated households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1431-1454 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536220 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.536220 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:9:p:1431-1454




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Locke 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Locke 
Author-Name: Nguyen   Thi Ngan Hoa 
Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen   Thi Ngan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoa 
Author-Name: Nguyen   Thi Thanh Tam 
Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen   Thi Thanh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tam 
Title: Visiting Marriages and Remote Parenting: Changing Strategies of Rural--Urban Migrants to Hanoi, Vietnam 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Despite the ongoing centrality of
 marriage and reproduction in Vietnam, family and spousal separation is an
 increasing reality for many poor rural--urban migrants. We offer a social
 relational analysis of reproduction to explore how migrant men and women
 in their peak child-bearing and child-rearing years negotiate conjugal
 strategies and expectations. Labour migration for these poor men and women
 involves high costs for family relations, social identities and emotional
 experiences which are strongly patterned by gender. This social relational
 analysis of reproduction deepens analyses of changing marriage relations
 and studies of internal labour migration. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 10-25 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629650 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629650 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:10-25




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yoshito Takasaki 
Author-X-Name-First: Yoshito 
Author-X-Name-Last: Takasaki 
Title: Natural Disasters, Gender and Handicrafts 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Using original post-disaster household
 survey data gathered in rural Fiji, this article explores the
 disaster--gender nexus. Female-headed households are disadvantaged, not
 because of bias against them in disaster damage or relief, but because of
 a newly emerging gendered division of labour for dwelling rehabilitation
 that tightens their constraints on intra-household labour allocation.
 Female-headed households with damaged dwellings resort to female labour
 activities connected with informal risk sharing&#xA0;--&#xA0;augmenting
 production of handicrafts for kava rituals in exchange for male-labour
 help. Female-headed households without male-adult members resort to such
 activities more than those with them, because of their distinctly
 different decision-making processes. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 115-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.598509 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.598509 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:115-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Weiwei Ren 
Author-X-Name-First: Weiwei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren 
Author-Name: Paul W. Miller 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller 
Title: Gender Differentials in the Payoff to Schooling in Rural China 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article examines the gender
 differential in the payoff to schooling in rural China. The analyses are
 based on a framework provided by the over education/required
 education/under education literature, and the decomposition developed by
 Chiswick and Miller (2008). It shows that the payoff to correctly matched
 education in rural China is much higher for females than for males.
 Associated with this, the wage penalty where workers are under qualified
 in their occupation is greater for females than for males. Over educated
 females, however, are advantaged compared with their male counterparts.
 These findings are interpreted using the explanations offered for the
 gender differential in the payoff to schooling in the growing literature
 on earnings determination in China. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 133-150 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561326 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561326 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:133-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Zimmermann 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimmermann 
Title: Reconsidering Gender Bias in Intrahousehold Allocation in India 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Finding evidence of gender
 discrimination among children in the intrahousehold allocation of goods
 has often proven to be difficult. This article uses data on education
 expenditures in India to test whether data aggregation, data reliability
 and the statistical method used help explain this pattern. Results suggest
 that discrimination against girls is increasing in age and robust to the
 statistical method and the expenditure measure at the all-India level,
 although state-level results are more sensitive. I find that data
 aggregation and statistical method are important factors in detecting
 gender bias, while data reliability does not seem to play a major role. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 151-163 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629652 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629652 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:151-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Snigdha Chakrabarti 
Author-X-Name-First: Snigdha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakrabarti 
Author-Name: Chaiti   Sharmab Biswas 
Author-X-Name-First: Chaiti   Sharmab 
Author-X-Name-Last: Biswas 
Title: An Exploratory Analysis of Women's Empowerment in India: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc> </title> The study is an exercise to explore
 possible directions of causation of level of women's empowerment, a latent
 variable, with related factors with the view to identify the causes of
 slow growth of it in India applying the &#x2018;Structural Equation
 Modelling' (SEM) method to Third National Family and Health Survey data
 conducted during 2005--2006. The results recognise the inefficiency of
 education and employment policies formulated in India for women required
 to bring about behavioural changes among women to fight against the norms
 of patriarchal society. Significant regional variations are also observed.
 Priority should be given to an awareness campaigning programme to change
 social norms and the spread of education and information systems may play
 a significant role in doing so. The regulatory authority may involve
 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in this context. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 164-180 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615920 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615920 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:164-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecile Jackson 
Author-X-Name-First: Cecile 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson 
Title: Introduction: Marriage, Gender Relations and Social Change 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This symposium of articles argue that
 marriage does not have a fixed relationship to gender inequality, nor does
 it simply reflect gender relations external to households, but is better
 seen as an institution which mediates social change and gender inequality.
 The collection of articles here show this symposium through empirical case
 studies of marriage, gender and wellbeing in contexts of social change.
 Together they problematise the connections between intra and extra
 household gender relations, analyse changing masculinities and marriage,
 consider how women's agency is deployed in reshaping marriage, and
 indicate a richer approach to understanding intrahousehold relations
 within particular contexts and temporal frames, and with fuller
 conceptions of breakdown positions and conjugal interdependencies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-9 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629653 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629653 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:1-9




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nitya Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Nitya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: Breadwinners and Homemakers: Migration and Changing Conjugal Expectations in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> The literature on marriage norms and
 aspirations across societies largely sees the institution as
 static&#xA0;--&#xA0;a tool for the assertion of masculinities and
 subordination of women. The changing meanings of marriage and conjugality
 in the contemporary context of globalisation have received scant
 attention. Based on research in rural Bangladesh, this article questions
 the usefulness of notions of autonomy and dependence in understanding
 conjugal relations and expectations in a context of widespread migration
 for extended periods, especially to overseas destinations, where mutuality
 is crucial for social reproduction, though in clearly gender-demarcated
 domains. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 26-40 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629648 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629648 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:26-40




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecile Jackson 
Author-X-Name-First: Cecile 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson 
Title: Conjugality as Social Change: A Zimbabwean Case 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Understanding intrahousehold relations
 between spouses is central to understanding gendered wellbeing in
 developing countries, and therefore has engaged the attentions of
 economists, anthropologists, political theorists and interdisciplinary
 development studies. In all these fields contractualism in conceptualising
 conjugality and intrahousehold relations is ubiquitous, yet it implies an
 overly static and compelling structuralist logic, which this article
 questions. A better understanding of agency and change, in relation to
 marriage, matters for both the conceptualisation of intrahousehold
 relations, and for a range of policy initiatives, for example gender
 equity, or indeed HIV/AIDS, where the ability of women to instigate change
 in conjugality and sexual cultures is significant. This article makes no
 claim to represent contemporary Shona gender relations in Zimbabwe, but
 offers a temporal analysis of changing conjugality in south-central
 Zimbabwe from the colonial period into the late 1980s 1 to critique the
 theoretical stance of contractual approaches, through revealing the ways
 in which marriage has been reformulated through women's agency. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 41-54 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629649 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629649 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:41-54




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colette Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Colette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Title: Conjugality, Subjectivity, Desire and Gender-based Violence in Tajikistan 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article, based on ethnographic
 materials collected in Tajikistan in the late 1990s, melds cross-cultural
 psychologies, (feminist) ethnography, sexualities and gender studies. It
 explores Zakari's marriage to his cousin, Sumangul. The cousins' different
 backgrounds produced distinct forms of (gendered) subjectivity, with
 Sumangul demonstrating greater intra-psychic autonomy. Their patrilocal
 marriage was enmeshed in gender-based violence, influenced by drug
 addiction and problematic intergenerational power relations. The article
 challenges gender-based violence as solely male on female, and shows the
 importance of age for gender identities in gerontocratic settings. It
 suggests a more nuanced approach to gender can improve development
 research and practice. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 55-67 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629647 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629647 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:55-67




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Seeley 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seeley 
Title: The Changing Relationships of Co-wives Over Time in Rural Southern Uganda 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Co-wives are often portrayed both as
 being rivals for their husband's affections and resources as well as
 collaborators in managing the family. I explore a further dimension:
 historical time. The life trajectories of individual women in rural Uganda
 show how co-wife relationships are established, change, endure or end. In
 addition to ageing, which plays a part in women's changing conjugal
 arrangements, political upheavals and HIV and AIDS have also had a
 profound impact on their lives, affecting not only their relationship and
 attitude towards their husbands but also towards their children, as well
 as each other. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 68-80 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.629651 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.629651 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:68-80




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elissaios Papyrakis 
Author-X-Name-First: Elissaios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Papyrakis 
Author-Name: Arlette Covarrubias 
Author-X-Name-First: Arlette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Covarrubias 
Author-Name: Arjan Verschoor 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verschoor 
Title: Gender and Trade Aspects of Labour Markets 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> We provide a comprehensive up-to-date
 review of the large body of theory and evidence on the linkages between
 trade liberalisation and gender inequality in income, as well as two of
 the latter's key underlying determinants: wages and employment. On
 balance, the evidence for developing countries points to an overall
 beneficial impact of trade expansion on female employment, both relative
 to male employment and in absolute terms, although largely concentrated in
 unskilled manufacturing. By contrast, the bulk of the evidence suggests a
 widening gender wage gap as a result of freer trade. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 81-98 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561324 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561324 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:81-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jo&#xE3;o   Ricardo Faria 
Author-X-Name-First: Jo&#xE3;o   Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faria 
Author-Name: Adolfo Sachsida 
Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sachsida 
Title: Demographic Dynamics in Poor Countries: Labour Market Conditions and Gender Inequalities 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article analyses a Stackelberg
 differential game in which households' labour supply and fertility
 decisions are taken assuming husbands as leaders and wives as followers.
 The model solution yields the optimal number of children and labour supply
 of male and female. In equilibrium male and female labour supply increases
 with wage and decreases with children costs and time preference, and the
 optimal number of children increases with male wage and decreases with
 cost of children, husband's time preference, and female's wage and time
 preference. We test the model using Ghana Living Standard Survey Round 4
 and find that women are more sensitive to changes in the labour market
 conditions than males, and better labour market opportunities for women
 may lead to a strong reduction in fertility. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 99-114 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.527957 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.527957 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:99-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Newell 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Newell 
Title: Introduction to a Symposium in Honour of Michael Lipton 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 183-186 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.625412 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.625412 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:183-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans P. Binswanger-Mkhize 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Binswanger-Mkhize 
Title: Is There Too Much Hype about Index-based Agricultural Insurance? 
Abstract:
   Individual crop insurance has been largely
 abandoned in developing countries and replaced by insurance pilots based
 on weather indices. These pilot schemes have encountered low demand.
 Research suggests that better-off farmers may already be insured via
 income diversification, their assets and social networks, and may achieve
 profit-maximising portfolios without formal insurance contracts. They
 would be interested in such contracts only if they reliably reduced their
 exposure to risk at lower costs than their self-insurance mechanisms.
 Conversely, poor farmers are not able to self-insure adequately, have to
 trade-off returns for reduced risk and could, therefore, benefit from a
 well-designed insurance. But they are cash/credit constrained and,
 therefore, cannot advance the money before sowing time to buy insurance
 that pays out only after the harvest. Index insurance, therefore, cannot
 be scaled up. Even if a few farmers purchase it, governments still will
 need to run relief programmes for the uninsured. Standard ways suggested
 to improve the index insurance, such as reducing basis risks, educating
 farmers and improving weather data, do not improve the ability of small
 farmers to purchase insurance and may not improve product design
 sufficiently to be competitive with self-insurance of the better-off
 farmers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 187-200 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.625411 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.625411 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:187-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Ellis 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis 
Title: &#x2018;We Are All Poor Here&#x2019;: Economic Difference, Social Divisiveness and Targeting Cash Transfers in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
   While the central thrust of Michael Lipton's work
 has been the crucial role of productivity gains in small farm agriculture
 for rural poverty reduction, in many sub-Saharan African countries this
 desirable outcome has stubbornly refused to materialise, and growing
 numbers of rural poor people are found persistently to fail to secure even
 minimal acceptable levels of food consumption. A social protection policy
 response is to target social cash transfers to the chronic extreme poor.
 This article focuses on the level of cash transfers relative to income
 differences between households in the bottom half of the income
 distribution, and the social tensions that arise from beneficiary
 selection and exclusion. It is found that cash transfers to target groups
 such as &#x2018;the poorest 10 per cent&#x2019; or the &#x2018;ultra-poor
 labour constrained&#x2019; must be set low, even below the welfare levels
 they seek to achieve, if they are to avoid socially invidious reshuffling
 of the income distribution. The article identifies critical trade-offs
 between the cost and coverage of different types of social transfer, their
 social acceptability and their political traction, helping to explain the
 reluctance of governments to adopt scaled-up poverty-targeted transfers as
 the preferred form of social cash transfer to those most in need in their
 societies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 201-214 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.625408 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.625408 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:201-214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Bhalotra 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhalotra 
Title: Poverty and Survival 
Abstract:
   A recent literature highlights the uncertainty
 concerning whether economic growth has any causal protective effect on
 health and survival. But equal rates of growth often deliver unequal rates
 of poverty reduction and absolute deprivation is more clearly relevant.
 Using state-level panel data for India, we contribute the first estimates
 of the impact of changes in poverty on infant survival. We identify a
 significant within-state relationship which persists conditional upon
 state income, indicating the size of survival gains from redistribution in
 favour of households below the poverty line. The poverty elasticity
 declines over time after 1981. It is invariant to controlling for income
 inequality but diminished upon controlling for education, fertility and
 state health expenditure, and eliminated once we introduce controls for
 omitted trends. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 215-237 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.625409 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.625409 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:215-237




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon 
Author-Name: John Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Author-Name: Tassew Woldehanna 
Author-X-Name-First: Tassew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woldehanna 
Title: Growth and Chronic Poverty: Evidence from Rural Communities in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
   What keeps some people persistently poor, even in
 the context of relative high growth? In this article, we explore this
 question using a 15-year longitudinal data set from Ethiopia. We compare
 the findings of an empirical growth model with those derived from a model
 of the determinants of chronic poverty. We ask whether the chronically
 poor are simply not benefiting in the same way from the same factors that
 allowed others to escape poverty, or whether there are latent factors that
 leave them behind? We find that this chronic poverty is associated with
 several initial characteristics: lack of physical assets, education and
 &#x2018;remoteness&#x2019; in terms of distance to towns or poor roads.
 The chronically poor appear to benefit from some of the drivers of growth,
 such as better roads or extension services, in much the same way that the
 non-chronically poor benefit. However, they appear to have lower growth in
 this period, related to time-invariant characteristics, and this suggests
 that they face a considerable growth and standard of living handicap. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 238-253 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.625410 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.625410 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:238-253




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna 
Author-Name: Meri Poghosyan 
Author-X-Name-First: Meri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poghosyan 
Author-Name: Narayan Das 
Author-X-Name-First: Narayan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Das 
Title: How Much Can Asset Transfers Help the Poorest? Evaluating the Results of BRAC's Ultra-Poor Programme (2002--2008) 
Abstract:
   The impacts of an innovative programme in rural
 Bangladesh, which has assisted extremely poor households, literally the
 poorest of the poor, were assessed over a six-year period (2002--2008).
 The provision of a substantial dose of assets has helped produce very
 positive results, by and large. Vulnerability to downturns on account of
 negative events, such as illnesses and house damage, has resulted in asset
 losses for several assisted households. Additional measures that reduce
 vulnerability and risk will help complete the good work commenced by the
 asset transfer plan. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 254-267 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.621942 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.621942 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:254-267




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rasmus   Hundsb&#xE6;k Pedersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus   Hundsb&#xE6;k 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen 
Title: Decoupled Implementation of New-Wave Land Reforms: Decentralisation and Local Governance of Land in Tanzania 
Abstract:
   Decentralisation is a key element in the new wave
 of land reforms that have been introduced in sub-Saharan Africa. However,
 not much research has been carried out into their implementation at the
 local level. Consequently, reforms are described in old-fashioned terms.
 Through comparative case studies in Tanzania, this article unpacks
 implementation as a process consisting of multiple administrative layers
 and potential actors. It concludes that implementation is slow and uneven
 due to the decoupling of layers within the formal land administration.
 Greater attention should be directed towards the local level as a part of
 the land administration structure. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 268-281 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635202 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635202 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:268-281




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna D'Souza 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'Souza 
Author-Name: Dean Jolliffe 
Author-X-Name-First: Dean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jolliffe 
Title: Rising Food Prices and Coping Strategies: Household-level Evidence from Afghanistan 
Abstract:
   This article investigates the impact of rising
 wheat prices on household food security in Afghanistan. Exploiting a
 unique nationally-representative household survey, we find evidence of
 large declines in the real value of per capita food consumption. Smaller
 price elasticities with respect to calories than with respect to food
 consumption suggest that households trade off quality for quantity as they
 move away from nutrient-rich foods such as meat and vegetables toward
 staple foods. Our work improves upon country-level simulation studies by
 providing estimates of actual household food security during a price shock
 in one of the world's poorest, most food-insecure countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 282-299 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635422 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635422 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:2:p:282-299




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Ouma 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma 
Author-Name: Lindsay Whitfield 
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield 
Title: The Making and Remaking of Agro-Industries in Africa 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article introduces the special
 section on the making and remaking of agro-industries in Africa. It
 examines what the contributions tell us about how agro-industries work,
 but also why national industries work the way they do, how they came to be
 that way and what factors and forces drive or hinder their dynamism. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 301-307 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635203 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635203 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:301-307




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lindsay Whitfield 
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield 
Title: Developing Technological Capabilities in Agro-Industry: Ghana's Experience with Fresh Pineapple Exports 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article examines the emergence and
 trajectory of a new agro-industry in Ghana, the pineapple export industry,
 using the technological capabilities approach. It explains the limited
 expansion of the industry and its declining competitiveness in the face of
 new competition by looking at how Ghanaian exporters developed
 technological capabilities initially and the incentives and disincentives
 to building on those capabilities. The article argues that at the heart of
 the industry's crisis was an inability to further develop technological
 capabilities. The crisis had systemic features that have broader
 implications for developing new agro-industries in Ghana as well as other
 African countries. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 308-321 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635198 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635198 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:308-321




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Ouma 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma 
Title: Creating and Maintaining Global Connections: Agro-business and the Precarious Making of Fresh-cut Markets 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article reconstructs the evolution
 of a multinational fruit processing company from Ghana. Starting from the
 perspective that firms more generally aim at achieving stability in intra-
 and extra-organisational relations, the article explores the practical
 means (organisational forms, resources, technologies, strategies and
 routines) through which the case study company achieved relational
 stability in global markets, but also shows how this was eroded in
 changing market environments. Extending out from this case study, the
 article also addresses the questions why some agro-business firms in
 Africa have developed more sophisticated high-value market connections
 while others have not and whether foreign direct investments can serve as
 catalysts for agro-industrialisation. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 322-334 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635201 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635201 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:322-334




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mulu Gebreeyesus 
Author-X-Name-First: Mulu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebreeyesus 
Author-Name: Tetsushi Sonobe 
Author-X-Name-First: Tetsushi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonobe 
Title: Global Value Chains and Market Formation Process in Emerging Export Activity: Evidence from Ethiopian Flower Industry 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article provides a case study of
 the Ethiopian flower export industry which successfully emerged at time
 when the EU market (main destination) was already characterised by
 increasingly stringent standards and delivery requirements. Entering this
 market required a multitude of capabilities at firm, sector and national
 levels. Several of these capabilities were absent or weak in the domestic
 market when the new activity kicked off. The article analyses how the
 capabilities of individual firms and the industry at large co-evolved and
 the role of various actors in the &#x2018;market formation&#x2019;
 process. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 335-348 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635199 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635199 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:335-348




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Buur 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buur 
Author-Name: Carlota Mondlane Tembe 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlota 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mondlane Tembe 
Author-Name: Obede Baloi 
Author-X-Name-First: Obede 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baloi 
Title: The White Gold: The Role of Government and State in Rehabilitating the Sugar Industry in Mozambique 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article examines the
 rehabilitation of the sugar industry in Mozambique after the General Peace
 Accord in 1992, engaging primarily and critically with certain aspects of
 the business-state literature. It explains why the sugar sector was
 rehabilitated from the perspectives of Mozambican state, government and
 industry actors. The article argues that support for the industry cannot
 be identified in singular and one-dimensional terms, but must include a
 variety of attributes of support that emerged from a post-independence
 fusion of industry, state and government officials' historical experiences
 of success and failure in the industry, and pragmatic as well as
 longer-term ideological stances. This, it is argued, created a
 &#x2018;mediating bureaucracy&#x2019; that could broker between the
 diverse interests and aspirations of state/government and industry. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 349-362 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.635200 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.635200 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:349-362




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niels Hermes 
Author-X-Name-First: Niels 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermes 
Author-Name: Ernest Kihanga 
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kihanga 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: Clemens Lutz 
Author-X-Name-First: Clemens 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lutz 
Title: The Impact of Trade Credit on Customer Switching Behaviour: Evidence from the Tanzanian Rice Market 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> We use primary survey data to analyse
 the relationship between trade credit and customer switching in the
 context of trade transactions between wholesalers and retailers in the
 Tanzanian rice market. Results reveal a negative relation of trade credit
 and customer switching, that is, trade credit acts as a switching barrier;
 retailers are reluctant to move to another supplier if they depend on
 trade credit as a source of external finance. This interpretation fits
 with the underdeveloped financial markets in Tanzania, in which access to
 external finance is poor among rice retailers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 363-376 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615921 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615921 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:363-376




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Babur Wasim Arif 
Author-X-Name-First: Babur Wasim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arif 
Author-Name: Tetsushi Sonobe 
Author-X-Name-First: Tetsushi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonobe 
Title: Virtual Incubation in Industrial Clusters: A Case Study in Pakistan 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> In industrial clusters, transaction
 costs are kept low and free riding is discouraged by a community mechanism
 developed through dense and repeated interactions among entrepreneurs. In
 such environments, new entrants without established reputations and
 connections are put at a distinct disadvantage. This negative effect on
 new entry must be neutralised for an industrial cluster to expand. Using
 enterprise level data from Pakistan, this study finds that personal
 networks are indeed important for successful enterprise operation, which
 works to the advantage of incumbents, but that subcontracting plays the
 role of virtual incubation in nurturing new enterprises, reinforcing the
 cluster's dynamism. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 377-392 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.621946 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.621946 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:377-392




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fr�d�ric Baudron 
Author-X-Name-First: Fr�d�ric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baudron 
Author-Name: Jens A. Andersson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jens A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson 
Author-Name: Marc Corbeels 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbeels 
Author-Name: Ken E. Giller 
Author-X-Name-First: Ken E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giller 
Title: Failing to Yield? Ploughs, Conservation Agriculture and the Problem of Agricultural Intensification: An Example from the Zambezi Valley, Zimbabwe 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Agricultural intensification, or
 increasing yield, has been a persistent theme in policy interventions in
 African smallholder agriculture. This article focuses on two hegemonic
 policy models of such intensification: (1) the &#x2018;Alvord
 model&#x2019; of plough-based, integrated crop-livestock farming promoted
 in colonial Zimbabwe; and (2) minimum-tillage mulch-based, Conservation
 Agriculture, as currently preached by a wide range of international
 agricultural research and development agencies. An analysis of smallholder
 farming practices in Zimbabwe's Zambezi Valley, reveals the limited
 inherent understanding of farmer practices in these models. It shows why
 many smallholder farmers in southern Africa are predisposed towards
 extensification rather than intensification, and suggests that widespread
 Conservation Agriculture adoption is unlikely. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 393-412 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.587509 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.587509 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:393-412




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Hilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilson 
Author-Name: Steven Van Bockstael 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Bockstael 
Title: Poverty and Livelihood Diversification in Rural Liberia: Exploring the Linkages between Artisanal Diamond Mining and Smallholder Rice Production 
Abstract:
    This article provides an account of the changing
 livelihood dynamics unfolding in diamond-rich territories of rural
 Liberia. In these areas, many farm families are using the rice harvested
 on their plots to attract and feed labourers recruited specifically to
 mine for diamonds. The monies accrued from the sales of all recovered
 stones are divided evenly between the family and hired hands, an
 arrangement which, for thousands of people, has proved to be an effective
 short-term buffer against poverty. A deepened knowledge of these dynamics
 could be an important step towards facilitating lasting development in
 Liberia's highly-impoverished rural areas. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 413-428 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.604414 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.604414 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:413-428




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sytske F. Groenewald 
Author-X-Name-First: Sytske F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Groenewald 
Author-Name: Marrit M. Van Den Berg 
Author-X-Name-First: Marrit M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Den Berg 
Title: Smallholder Livelihood Adaptation in the Context of Neoliberal Policy Reforms: A Case of Maize Farmers in Southern Veracruz, Mexico 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Governments around the world have
 embraced trade liberalisation as a means of enhancing efficiency to
 realise economic growth and alleviate poverty. Likewise, the Mexican
 government implemented neoliberal policy reforms, the NAFTA in particular,
 to stimulate sustainable development. Using the Mexican maize sector as
 illustration, this article describes the adaptation process of
 smallholders to market changes shaped by these reforms. Going beyond the
 aggregated level, we have investigated smallholders' livelihood
 strategies. Contrary to what economic models estimated, our data suggests
 that farmers intensified the cultivation of maize rather than switch to
 sectors in which Mexico has a comparative advantage. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 429-444 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615923 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615923 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:429-444




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seth R. Gitter 
Author-X-Name-First: Seth R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gitter 
Author-Name: Jeremy G. Weber 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weber 
Author-Name: Bradford L. Barham 
Author-X-Name-First: Bradford L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barham 
Author-Name: Mercedez Callenes 
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Callenes 
Author-Name: Jessa   Lewis Valentine 
Author-X-Name-First: Jessa   Lewis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valentine 
Title: Fair Trade-Organic Coffee Cooperatives, Migration, and Secondary Schooling in Southern Mexico 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> We explore three trends in rural
 southern Mexico (Fair Trade coffee, migration, and conditional cash
 transfers) that could explain the rapid rise in education from 1995--2005
 using survey data from 845 coffee farming households in Oaxaca and
 Chiapas, Mexico. Results from a household fixed-effects model show that
 household participation in a Fair Trade-organic cooperative contributed to
 about a 0.7 year increase in schooling for girls. US migration
 opportunities appear to have even stronger positive impacts on schooling
 for females. Although participation in Fair Trade-organic cooperatives
 appears also to have increased male schooling, increased migration
 opportunities have had an indeterminate effect for males. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 445-463 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.598511 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.598511 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:3:p:445-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Eubank 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eubank 
Title: Taxation, Political Accountability and Foreign Aid: Lessons from Somaliland 
Abstract:
  For years, studies of state formation in early and medieval Europe have
 argued that the modern, representative state emerged as the result of
 negotiations between autocratic governments in need of tax revenues and
 citizens who were only willing to consent to taxation in exchange for
 greater government accountability. This article presents evidence that
 similar dynamics shaped the formation of Somaliland's democratic
 government. In particular, it shows that government dependency on local
 tax revenues&#xA0;--&#xA0;which resulted from its ineligibility for
 foreign assistance&#xA0;--&#xA0;provided those outside the government with
 the leverage needed to force the development of inclusive, representative
 and accountable political institutions. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 465-480 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.598510 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.598510 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:465-480




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Jonasson 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonasson 
Title: Government Effectiveness and Regional Variation in Informal Employment 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article analyses the role of
 government effectiveness in the determination of informal employment. A
 theoretical model is developed, in which local governance and worker skill
 level are assumed to influence the decision of the worker whether to seek
 employment in the formal or informal sectors. The model is assessed
 empirically using data from Brazil, where almost half of the urban labour
 force is employed informally. The empirical analysis supports the
 predictions of the model and suggests that the probability of a worker
 being employed informally is lower in regions with better governance and
 higher average education. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 481-497 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615922 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615922 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:481-497




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Author-Name: Pauline Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Understanding Education's Influence on Support for Democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Is education consequential for popular
 endorsement of democracy in developing societies and, if so, what are the
 mechanisms that account for this influence? We investigate the
 micro-foundations of the education--democracy nexus using a survey of 18
 sub-Saharan African countries. We demonstrate that educational level is
 the strongest influence on support for democracy and rejection of
 non-democratic alternatives via its impact on comprehension of, and
 attention to, politics. This is consistent with a cognitive interpretation
 of the effects of education on democratic values rather than one which
 treats education as a marker of economic resource inequalities. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 498-515 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.598508 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.598508 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:498-515




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenda Kruss 
Author-X-Name-First: Glenda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kruss 
Author-Name: John Adeoti 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adeoti 
Author-Name: Dani Nabudere 
Author-X-Name-First: Dani 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nabudere 
Title: Universities and Knowledge-based Development in sub-Saharan Africa: Comparing University--Firm Interaction in Nigeria, Uganda and South Africa 
Abstract:
  <title> <sc>Abstract</sc> </title> Research on the changing role of
 universities in firm learning, innovation and national economic
 development has not extended systematically to low income countries of
 sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on an empirical survey of firms and case
 studies of university practices, the article examines conditions of
 universities, firms and their potential for interaction across a national
 system of innovation in three countries, Nigeria, Uganda and South Africa,
 in order to contribute to such analysis. In so doing, it attempts to open
 up a research agenda in terms of the specific challenges African countries
 face. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 516-530 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.604410 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.604410 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:516-530




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Kidman 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kidman 
Author-Name: James A. Hanley 
Author-X-Name-First: James A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley 
Author-Name: Geoff Foster 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster 
Author-Name: S. V. Subramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: S. V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subramanian 
Author-Name: S.   Jody Heymann 
Author-X-Name-First: S.   Jody 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heymann 
Title: Educational Disparities in AIDS-affected Communities: Does Orphanhood Confer Unique Vulnerability? 
Abstract:
   To inform policy, our study identifies which
 populations of AIDS-affected children are in need of educational
 assistance. Using the 2004--2005 Malawi Integrated Household Survey,
 multilevel models examine the association between AIDS-related impacts and
 educational outcomes. Double and maternal orphans are more likely to be
 out of school and behind in grade level; living with an adult suffering
 from a potential AIDS-related illness is also associated with
 disadvantage. These disparities are not explained by poverty status. Where
 both poverty and AIDS are endemic, both traditional development aid and
 orphan-specific programming are essential for equitable access to
 education. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 531-548 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.604412 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.604412 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:531-548




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandima Daskon 
Author-X-Name-First: Chandima 
Author-X-Name-Last: Daskon 
Author-Name: Andrew McGregor 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGregor 
Title: Cultural Capital and Sustainable Livelihoods in Sri Lanka's Rural Villages: Towards Culturally Aware Development 
Abstract:
  <title> <sc>Abstract</sc> </title> Increasing attention is being directed
 towards the role of culture in the development and well-being of rural
 communities. Systems of knowledge, beliefs, customs, norms and a wide
 range of culturally related activities, such as arts, crafts and music,
 can play a significant role in the everyday lives of people and contribute
 to the sustainability of human societies. The means through which culture
 can be effectively incorporated into development processes requires
 further research. This article develops the concept of &#x2018;cultural
 capital&#x2019; to explore how cultural assets sustain an artisan class in
 three rural villages close to the city of Kandy in central Sri Lanka. The
 field research found that embodied cultural traditions and subsequent
 material outputs are vital &#x2018;resources&#x2019; in achieving
 livelihood objectives and meeting family aspirations. We argue that the
 development industry needs to reconsider cultural assets and traditions
 and incorporate them into its work at conceptual and programmatic levels.
 Conceptually development needs to see itself as a cultural as much as
 economic or social process, and programmatically we see openings within
 sustainable livelihoods approaches for a greater explicit appreciation and
 awareness of locally-specific cultural traditions, strengths and
 perspectives. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 549-563 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.604413 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.604413 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:549-563




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben D'Exelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'Exelle 
Author-Name: Bjorn van Campenhout 
Author-X-Name-First: Bjorn 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Campenhout 
Author-Name: Els Lecoutere 
Author-X-Name-First: Els 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lecoutere 
Title: Modernisation and Time Preferences in Tanzania: Evidence from a Large-Scale Elicitation Exercise 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Assumptions about individual time
 preferences are important for explanations of poverty and development.
 Data from a large-scale elicitation exercise in Tanzania show
 significantly higher levels of impatience in urban areas than in rural
 areas. This result remains robust to adding controls for socio-economic
 differences between rural and urban areas, which possibly correlate with
 time preferences. We attribute this to differences in
 &#x2018;modernisation&#x2019; between urban and rural areas, with
 modernisation leading to increased impatience. This is corroborated by the
 observed positive correlation between impatience and education; the latter
 being an important vehicle of modernisation for traditional societies in
 Tanzania. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 564-580 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.604411 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.604411 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:564-580




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georges Fouron 
Author-X-Name-First: Georges 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fouron 
Title: Poverty in Haiti: Essays on Underdevelopment and Post Disaster Prospects 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 581-582 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.595946 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.595946 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:581-582




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hayden Kantor 
Author-X-Name-First: Hayden 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kantor 
Title: Shorelines: Space and Rights in South India 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 582-583 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.595941 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.595941 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:582-583




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Kees van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kees van Donge 
Title: Security Beyond the State: Private Security and International Politics 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 583-584 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.558769 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.558769 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carole Rakodi 
Author-X-Name-First: Carole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rakodi 
Title: Poverty and Morality: Religious and Secular Perspectives 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 585-586 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.600157 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.600157 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:585-586




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theophilus Ejorh 
Author-X-Name-First: Theophilus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ejorh 
Title: Migration and Social Protection: Claiming Social Rights Beyond Borders 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 586-587 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.621947 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.621947 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:586-587




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Wheeler 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wheeler 
Title: Brand Aid: Shopping Well to Save the World 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 587-588 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.623400 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.623400 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:4:p:587-588




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Maurer 
Author-X-Name-First: Bill 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurer 
Title: Mobile Money: Communication, Consumption and Change in the Payments Space 
Abstract:
   This article explores the emerging field of
 &#x2018;mobile money&#x2019;: mobile phone-enabled systems for value
 transfer and storage, primarily in the developing world, which are
 heralded as signal interventions in the effort to broaden financial
 inclusion and bank the &#x2018;unbanked.&#x2019; Focusing on the stories
 that circulate in the emergent network of expertise that is calling
 &#x2018;mobile money&#x2019; into being, it discusses how economic
 techniques and social narratives about markets&#xA0;--&#xA0;specifically,
 narratives about the opportunities for profit and financial inclusion in
 the &#x2018;payments space&#x2019;&#xA0;--&#xA0;format a consumer market
 for mobile money. Furthermore, it asks whether end-users' repurposing of
 mobile money&#xA0;--&#xA0;and the use of airtime as
 currency&#xA0;--&#xA0;heralds a new means of exchange or store of value,
 potentially remaking money in the process. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 589-604 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.621944 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.621944 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranjula   Bali Swain 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjula   Bali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Swain 
Author-Name: Maria Floro 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Floro 
Title: Assessing the Effect of Microfinance on Vulnerability and Poverty among Low Income Households 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> We empirically investigate whether
 participation in the Indian Self Help Group (SHG) microfinance programme
 has helped reduced poverty and household vulnerability using
 cross-sectional SHG rural household survey data. The potential selection
 bias is eliminated by propensity score matching to estimate the average
 treatment on treated effect using nearest neighbour matching and a local
 linear regression algorithm. We find that vulnerability in SHG members is
 not significantly higher than in non-SHG members, even though the SHG
 members have a high incidence of poverty. However, vulnerability declines
 significantly for those that have been SHG members for more than one year.
 These results are found to be robust using sensitivity analysis and the
 Rosenbaum bounds method. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 605-618 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615917 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615917 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:5:p:605-618




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Son Nghiem 
Author-X-Name-First: Son 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nghiem 
Author-Name: Tim Coelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coelli 
Author-Name: Prasada Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Prasada 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: Assessing the Welfare Effects of Microfinance in Vietnam: Empirical Results from a Quasi-Experimental Survey 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article analyses the effects of
 NGO microfinance programmes on household welfare in Vietnam. Data on 470
 households across 25 villages were collected using a quasi-experimental
 survey approach to overcome any self-selection bias. The sample was
 designed so that member households of microfinance programmes were
 compared with non-member households with similar characteristics. The
 analysis shows no significant effects of participation in NGO microfinance
 on household welfare, proxied by income and consumption per adult
 equivalent. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 619-632 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.638051 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.638051 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katsushi S. Imai 
Author-X-Name-First: Katsushi S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Imai 
Author-Name: MD. Shafiul Azam 
Author-X-Name-First: MD. Shafiul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Azam 
Title: Does Microfinance Reduce Poverty in Bangladesh? New Evidence from Household Panel Data 
Abstract:
   The study examines whether loans from
 microfinance institutions (MFI) reduce poverty in Bangladesh drawing upon
 the nationally representative household panel with four rounds from 1997
 to 2004. The effects of general microfinance loans and loans for
 productive purposes on income, food consumption and women's Body Mass
 Index are estimated. Overall effects of MFI loans on income and food
 consumption were positive and the purpose of the loan is important in
 predicting which household welfare indicator is improved. Alternative
 estimation methods confirm a positive impact of MFI loans on food
 consumption growth, which supports the poverty reducing effects of
 microfinance in Bangladesh. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 633-653 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.661853 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.661853 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yu Zhu 
Author-X-Name-First: Yu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu 
Author-Name: Zhongmin Wu 
Author-X-Name-First: Zhongmin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu 
Author-Name: Meiyan Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Meiyan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Yang Du 
Author-X-Name-First: Yang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Du 
Author-Name: Fang Cai 
Author-X-Name-First: Fang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai 
Title: Do Migrants Really Save More? Understanding the Impact of Remittances on Savings in Rural China 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article studies the impact of
 remittances on the savings behaviour of rural households in China, using a
 primary survey undertaken by the authors in 2006. Allowing for endogeneity
 and left-censoring of remittances, we find that the marginal propensity to
 save out of remittances is well below half of that out of other sources of
 incomes. Moreover, we find no evidence of any direct effect of remittances
 on either capital input or gross output of farm production. These findings
 are robust with respect to alternative definition of savings and are in
 line with recent studies which conclude that remittances are largely used
 for consumption purposes by rural Chinese households. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 654-672 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.638141 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.638141 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Akiko Terada-Hagiwara 
Author-X-Name-First: Akiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terada-Hagiwara 
Title: Have Filipino Households Become Less Prudent? 
Abstract:
   Throughout the 2000s, the average household
 saving rate in the Philippines declined sharply. This article explains why
 households' consumption growth has been higher than income growth during
 this period. Tracing cohorts shows that saving declined across all
 demographic groups. A test that provides the strength of the precautionary
 saving motive yields a plausible explanation that households have become
 financially constrained and less prudent in recent years. This article
 argues that these patterns are best explained by the extended coverage of
 the social security system particularly to informal sector employees
 during the 1990s in the Philippines. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 673-685 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658373 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658373 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:5:p:673-685




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Machiko Nissanke 
Author-X-Name-First: Machiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nissanke 
Title: Introduction: Transmission Mechanisms and Impacts of the Global Financial Crisis on the Developing World 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 691-694 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649256 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649256 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:691-694




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Massimiliano La Marca 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimiliano 
Author-X-Name-Last: La Marca 
Title: Propagation of Speculative Cycles: The Exchange Rate Channel 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> The nominal and real exchange rates are
 key relative prices within and between economies. Their volatility and
 gyrations can have significant cumulative effects on the development
 pattern of financially integrated economies. The article documents the
 linkage between global risk aversion and the exchange rate of some
 developed and developing economy currencies characterised by large
 short-term interest rate differentials. If capital flows can drive
 exchange rates and transmit international speculative cycles inside the
 economic system, a careful design of monetary policy, exchange rate and
 capital management regimes is a fundamental ingredient of a successful
 development strategy. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 695-713 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649262 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649262 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:695-713




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniela Gabor 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabor 
Title: Managing Capital Accounts in Emerging Markets: Lessons from the Global Financial Crisis 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> The global financial crisis forcefully
 highlighted the importance of curbing the impact of large and volatile
 capital inflows on growth and financial stability in developing countries.
 It led the IMF to reconsider its long-standing rejection of capital
 controls. Yet its new &#x2018;macroeconomic policy first&#x2019; approach
 has to be reconciled with the hybrid nature of banking activity and its
 role in transmitting global shocks. A consideration of dominant actors and
 strategies of intermediating capital inflows offers distinct policy
 options, ranging from carefully designed central bank strategies to
 institutional changes that realign bank incentives towards longer horizons
 and sustainable growth models. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 714-731 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649257 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649257 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:714-731




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Machiko Nissanke 
Author-X-Name-First: Machiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nissanke 
Title: Commodity Market Linkages in the Global Financial Crisis: Excess Volatility and Development Impacts 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article examines how the increased
 interactions of financial and commodity markets have served as one fast
 transmission channel of the global financial crisis to the developing
 world. It suggests that a significant portion of the closely synchronised
 price dynamics in commodity and financial markets is explained by market
 liquidity cycles in global finance, as financial investors manage their
 portfolio at ease through &#x2018;virtual&#x2019; stock holdings of
 commodities in derivatives dealings and markets. The article further
 argues that this has generated price volatility well in excess of what
 could be explained in demand-supply fundamentals, and that under such
 conditions futures markets would cease to perform their intended
 functions&#xA0;--&#xA0;that of price discovery and risk hedging for
 physical commodity stakeholders. It explores the development impacts of
 excess price volatility and the case for innovative price stabilisation
 mechanisms. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 732-750 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649259 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649259 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:732-750




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J&#xF6;rg Mayer 
Author-X-Name-First: J&#xF6;rg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer 
Title: The Growing Financialisation of Commodity Markets: Divergences between Index Investors and Money Managers 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Commodities are key for developing
 countries' economic integration. This article distinguishes two types of
 financial investors in commodities and emphasises differences in position
 taking motivation and price impacts. Index trader positions are positively
 correlated with roll returns, while money managers emphasise spot returns.
 During 2006--2009, index trader positions had a price impact for some
 agricultural commodities, as well as oil. During 2007--2008, money
 managers impacted prices for non-agricultural commodities, especially
 copper and oil. The financialisation of commodity markets may make it more
 difficult for developing countries to manage their resource sectors for
 sustained economic development. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 751-767 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649261 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649261 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:751-767




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elva Bova 
Author-X-Name-First: Elva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bova 
Title: Copper Boom and Bust in Zambia: The Commodity-Currency Link 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Using Zambia as a case study, this
 article presents some of the challenges that small resource-dependent
 economies faced during the commodity boom and the financial crisis. In
 particular, we investigate the implications of having a price stability
 mandate when the scope for countercyclical fiscal policy is constrained by
 limited resource revenues accruing to the budget. We show that, in Zambia,
 the inflation-focused monetary framework exacerbated the effects of the
 shocks. The framework worked in favour of currency appreciation during the
 copper boom, and it did not allow the accumulation of international
 reserves, which could have been used to respond to the currency
 depreciation caused by the copper bust. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 768-782 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649258 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649258 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:768-782




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jodie-Anne Keane 
Author-X-Name-First: Jodie-Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keane 
Title: The Governance of Global Value Chains and the Effects of the Global Financial Crisis Transmitted to Producers in Africa and Asia 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article uses a global value chain
 (GVC) approach to trace the effects of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC)
 transmitted to low income producers in Africa and Asia through trade. It
 explores how the governance structures associated with different types of
 GVC determined producers' vulnerability to the exogenous trade shock of
 2008. It contextualises the GVC concept of governance with regards to
 specific country case studies. This is through elaboration of the links
 between internal GVC governance structures to firms, with external
 structures, negotiated by governments. These modalities are shown to have
 resulted in differentiated effects of the GFC being transmitted to
 producers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 783-797 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649260 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649260 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:6:p:783-797




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arianto A. Patunru 
Author-X-Name-First: Arianto A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patunru 
Author-Name: Neil McCulloch 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCulloch 
Author-Name: Christian von Luebke 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: von Luebke 
Title: A Tale of Two Cities: The Political Economy of Local Investment Climates in Indonesia 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc> </title> There is little doubt that protecting
 property rights, reducing corruption, and improving public services are
 desirable long-term objectives for all countries. But are such
 institutional prescriptions sufficient, or even necessary, to achieve
 investment and growth? By exploring the political economy of the cities of
 Solo and Manado in Indonesia, this article shows that relationship-based,
 rather than rule-based, cooperation between government leaders and local
 firms can provide an effective mechanism to boost investment and improve
 local investment climates. Our findings challenge the conventional wisdom
 that impartial rule-based economic governance is a precondition for
 investment, although it suggests that the creation of such institutions
 may make growth more sustainable and equitable in the medium and long
 term. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 799-816 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.638048 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.638048 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:799-816




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanghamitra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bandyopadhyay 
Author-Name: Elliott Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Elliott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Green 
Title: The Reversal of Fortune Thesis Reconsidered 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Acemoglu, Johnson, and Robinson have
 claimed that the world income distribution underwent a &#x2018;Reversal of
 Fortune&#x2019; from 1500 to the present, whereby formerly rich countries
 in what is now the developing world became poor while poor ones grew rich.
 We question their analysis with regard to both of their proxies for
 pre-modern income, namely urbanisation and population density. More
 specifically, an alternative measure of urbanisation with more
 observations generates a positive (but not significant) correlation
 between pre-modern and contemporary income, while a better measure of
 population density on arable land no longer produces a robust
 relationship. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 817-831 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.648621 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.648621 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:817-831




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David C. Parsley 
Author-X-Name-First: David C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parsley 
Title: Exchange Rate Pass-through in South Africa: Panel Evidence from Individual Goods and Services 
Abstract:
   This study estimates pass-through for South
 Africa using samples of final goods and services, and homogenous imports.
 Estimated pass-through to consumer goods prices is low, roughly 16 per
 cent in the two years following an exchange rate change; surprisingly, it
 is somewhat higher for services. Deviations from long run PPP appear to
 disappear relatively quickly, with a half-life of about 16 months. For
 imports, pass-through estimates are much higher, averaging around 60 per
 cent, but with wide source-country variation. Finally, there is virtually
 no support for a simple linear trend change in either pass-through or in
 reversion to PPP during the sample. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 832-846 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.661852 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.661852 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:832-846




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto &#xC1;lvarez 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xC1;lvarez 
Author-Name: Holger G&#xF6;rg 
Author-X-Name-First: Holger 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF6;rg 
Title: Multinationals as Stabilisers? Economic Crisis, Access to Finance, and Employment Growth 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article examines the comparative
 response of multinationals and domestic firms to an economic crisis, using
 the empirical setting of a well defined case of economic slowdown in
 Chile. We find that employment in manufacturing plants has been
 drastically reduced during the economic crisis. Our findings reveal that
 multinationals are more likely to exit contributing to the employment
 contraction during the crisis, but surviving foreign firms experience
 lower employment reductions than domestic enterprises. These results are
 not fully consistent with the idea that multinationals are less affected
 by an economic crisis and that they may act as stabilisers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 847-863 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.621943 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.621943 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:847-863




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart Minten 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten 
Author-Name: Anneleen Vandeplas 
Author-X-Name-First: Anneleen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandeplas 
Author-Name: Johan Swinnen 
Author-X-Name-First: Johan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Swinnen 
Title: Regulations, Brokers, and Interlinkages: The Institutional Organization of Wholesale Markets in India 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> There is a vigorous debate on the
 liberalisation of heavily regulated agricultural markets in India. A
 crucial institutional characteristic is the role of state regulated
 brokers in wholesale markets. Relying on data from a unique survey in
 Uttarakhand, a state in North India, we find that regulations on margins
 are ineffective as most brokers charge rates that significantly exceed the
 regulated ones. We also find that a majority of farmers self-select into
 long-term relationships with brokers. These relationships allow some of
 the farmers to interlink credit and insurance markets to the agricultural
 output market. This interlinkage does however not appear to be an
 instrument for farmer exploitation (as it does not lead to worse inputs,
 high interest rates, or lower implicit output prices), but is seemingly an
 extra service by brokers as to establish farmer loyalty to them and thus
 to ensure future supplies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 864-886 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615919 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615919 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:864-886




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vani K. Borooah 
Author-X-Name-First: Vani K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Borooah 
Title: Social Identity and Educational Attainment: The Role of Caste and Religion in Explaining Differences between Children in India 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> The aim of this article is to gauge the
 size of the educational gap between children, aged 8--11 years, belonging
 to the different social groups in India. It is well established that
 educational attainments vary considerably between India's caste and
 religious groups with Muslims, Dalits (the Scheduled Castes), Adivasis
 (the Scheduled Tribes), and the &#x2018;Other Backward Classes&#x2019;
 (the OBC) being the most backward. Using data from the Indian Human
 Development Survey of 2005&#xA0;--&#xA0;which tested over 12,300 children,
 aged 8--11, for their ability to read, write, and do arithmetic at
 different levels of competence&#xA0;--&#xA0;this study examines
 inequalities within social groups in the test scores of children to argue
 that inter-group comparisons of educational attainment should take into
 account not just the mean level of achievement of the children in a group
 but, also, the degree of inequality in the distribution of achievements
 between children in the group. The article then proceeds to enquire why
 different children have different levels of educational achievement. The
 central conclusion is that, after controlling for a number of parental,
 household and school-related factors, children from all the different
 social groups, when compared to Brahmin children, were disadvantaged, in
 some or all of the three competencies of reading, arithmetic, and writing.
 However, this disadvantage was greatest for Muslim, Dalit, and Adivasi
 children. These children were disadvantaged with respect to all three
 competencies and their disadvantage embraced failure as well as success.
 Using a decomposition analysis, the article quantifies the
 &#x2018;structural advantage&#x2019; that Brahmin and High Caste children
 enjoyed over their Dalit and Muslim counterparts. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 887-903 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.621945 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.621945 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:887-903




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Belton 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Belton 
Author-Name: Md.   Mafujul Haque 
Author-X-Name-First: Md.   Mafujul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haque 
Author-Name: David C. Little 
Author-X-Name-First: David C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Little 
Title: Does Size Matter? Reassessing the Relationship between Aquaculture and Poverty in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Aquaculture has long been promoted by
 development institutions in Bangladesh on the understanding that it can
 alleviate poverty. Most of this attention has focused on forms of the
 activity commonly referred to as &#x2018;small-scale&#x2019;. This article
 draws on concepts from the literature on agricultural growth and
 elaborates a typology of aquaculture based on relations of production
 which suggests that, in Bangladesh, quasi-capitalist forms of aquaculture
 may possess greater potential to reduce poverty and enhance food security
 than the quasi-peasant modes of production generally assumed to do so. The
 implications of this conclusion are explored. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 904-922 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.638049 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.638049 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:904-922




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Suhardiman 
Author-X-Name-First: Diana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Suhardiman 
Author-Name: Peter P. Mollinga 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollinga 
Title: Correlations, Causes and the Logic of Obscuration: Donor Shaping of Dominant Narratives in Indonesia's Irrigation Development 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> This article analyses policy trends in
 Indonesian irrigation, particularly during the last five decades, from the
 perspective of dominant narratives, as authored, suggested and pushed by
 international donors. It argues that international donors' adherence to
 &#x2018;deferred maintenance&#x2019; as the core element of irrigation
 policy problem framing does not match with farmers' and the irrigation
 agency staff perceptions and practices. The logic of obscuration and the
 discursive manoeuvers that maintain it are analysed. The article concludes
 that there is space for more profound conceptual contestation and for
 alternative actions pathways even within the &#x2018;dominant
 paradigm&#x2019; to address management problems more effectively. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 923-938 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.638052 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.638052 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:923-938




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Migheli 
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Migheli 
Title: Do the Vietnamese Support the Economic <italic>Doi Moi</italic>? 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc> </title> Each reform implies social and economic
 changes. After experiencing war and reunification, today Vietnam is
 implementing a comprehensive and deep process of renovation (<roman>doi
 moi</roman>), but a revolution needs the support of the population to be
 successful. This article investigates whether the Vietnamese are
 supportive of some of the main features of a market economy. In particular
 the preferences for competition, ownership of firms (either private or
 public) and income inequality as an incentive to productivity are studied
 here. The data allow us to conclude that the <roman>doi moi</roman> is not
 at risk, but the population tend to contrast income inequality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 939-968 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658375 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658375 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:939-968




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie Plagerson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plagerson 
Author-Name: Trudy Harpham 
Author-X-Name-First: Trudy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harpham 
Author-Name: Karina Kielmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Karina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kielmann 
Title: Cash Transfers and Citizenship: Evidence from South Africa 
Abstract:
   Theoretical research has assumed a role for cash
 transfers in forging a state-citizen contract, yet evidence is scarce
 regarding whether social protection promotes citizenship among claimants
 in practice. The article explores the implications of cash transfers for
 notions of citizenship in the narratives of transfer recipients in
 Johannesburg, South Africa. Cash transfers created a space for
 state-citizen exchange, helping topersonalise views of the state, and
 giving citizens grounds for holding the state accountable. However,
 boundaries between state and citizens' responsibilities were contested,
 suggesting that expectations of a contractual relationship with the state
 were weak. Cash transfers are an important but partial means of promoting
 citizenship. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 969-982 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658371 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658371 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:969-982




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malgorzata Switek 
Author-X-Name-First: Malgorzata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Switek 
Title: Life Satisfaction in Latin America: A Size-of-Place Analysis 
Abstract:
   In Latin America, countries can be divided into
 two groups: those where people in villages and small towns are happier
 than people in middle sized cities, and those where they are less happy.
 Four possible reasons for these patterns are explored: level of economic
 development, social values, public social spending, and presence of
 indigenous population. In regressions on happiness of each explanatory
 factor separately, development and public social spending (especially on
 health, housing, and social security) are the most important. In a joint
 regression, public social spending is found to be the main explanation of
 the different happiness patterns. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 983-999 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658374 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658374 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:983-999




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth C. Shadlen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shadlen 
Title: The Global Governance of Knowledge: Patent Offices and their Clients<break/> Intellectual Property, Human Rights and Development: The Role of NGOs and Social Movements 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1000-1002 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663246 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663246 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:1000-1002




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Evers 
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evers 
Title: Inequality, Development, and Growth 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1002-1004 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663248 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663248 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:1002-1004




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge 
Title: Gender and Green Governance: The Political Economy of Women's Presence Within and Beyond Community Forestry 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1004-1005 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.687155 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.687155 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:1004-1005




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Plastow 
Author-X-Name-First: Jane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plastow 
Title: Drama for Development: Cultural Translation and Social Change 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1005-1006 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.683317 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.683317 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:1005-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgios Tsopanakis 
Author-X-Name-First: Georgios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsopanakis 
Title: Japan and Africa: Globalization and Foreign Aid in the 21st Century 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1006-1008 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.697346 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.697346 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:7:p:1006-1008




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Hubert Ebeke 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hubert Ebeke 
Title: Do Remittances Lead to a Public Moral Hazard in Developing Countries? An Empirical Investigation 
Abstract:
   This article tests the hypothesis that in a
 context of &#x2018;bad governance&#x2019;, remittance inflows strongly
 reduce public spending on education and health in receiving countries; a
 phenomenon called the &#x2018;public moral hazard problem&#x2019;. Using a
 large sample of 86 developing countries over the period 1996--2007, and
 after factoring in the endogeneity of remittances, the results suggest a
 negative impact of remittances on public spending on education and health,
 when governance is bad in remittance-dependent economies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1009-1025 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.615918 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.615918 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1009-1025




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tigran A. Melkonyan 
Author-X-Name-First: Tigran A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkonyan 
Author-Name: David A. Grigorian 
Author-X-Name-First: David A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grigorian 
Title: Microeconomic Implications of Remittances in an Overlapping Generations Model with Altruism and a Motive to Receive Inheritance 
Abstract:
   The article develops a framework to examine the
 interaction between the migrant and the remittance-receiving relative(s)
 under non-cooperative and cooperative scenarios. The model has an
 overlapping generations' structure where both parties have altruistic
 behavioural traits. We derive the relationships between the remittances,
 consumption, labour supply, savings, and bequests, and compare these
 variables under the two scenarios. For both scenarios, the remittances
 have a positive effect on the relative's leisure, consumption, and
 investment. The effects of the wage and the non-wage income of the
 relative and the migrant and the interest rate on the equilibrium level of
 remittances are also qualitatively similar under the two scenarios.
 However, the parties' degrees of altruism as well as the discount rates
 have different effects on the equilibrium level and incidence of
 remittances for the non-cooperative and cooperative interactions. These
 shed some light on the differences in remittance behaviour observed in
 empirical studies. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1026-1044 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.598507 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.598507 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1026-1044




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abu Siddique 
Author-X-Name-First: Abu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siddique 
Author-Name: E. A. Selvanathan 
Author-X-Name-First: E. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Selvanathan 
Author-Name: Saroja Selvanathan 
Author-X-Name-First: Saroja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Selvanathan 
Title: Remittances and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka 
Abstract:
   In many developing countries, remittance payments
 from migrant workers are increasingly becoming a significant source of
 export income. This article investigates the causal link between
 remittances and economic growth in three countries, Bangladesh, India and
 Sri Lanka, by employing the Granger causality test under a Vector
 Autoregression (VAR) framework (Granger, C.W.J. (1988) Some recent
 developments in the concept of causality. <roman>Journal of
 Econometrics</roman>, 39, pp. 199--211). Using time series data over a
 25-year period, we found that growth in remittances does lead to economic
 growth in Bangladesh. In India, there seems to be no causal relationship
 between growth in remittances and economic growth; but in Sri Lanka, a
 two-way directional causality is found; namely economic growth influences
 growth in remittances and vice-versa. The article also discusses a number
 of policy issues arising from the causality results. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1045-1062 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663904 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663904 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1045-1062




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahidur R. Khandker 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahidur R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khandker 
Author-Name: M.A.   Baqui Khalily 
Author-X-Name-First: M.A.   Baqui 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalily 
Author-Name: Hussain A. Samad 
Author-X-Name-First: Hussain A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Samad 
Title: Seasonal Migration to Mitigate Income Seasonality: Evidence from Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   In north-west Bangladesh, some 36 per cent of
 poor households migrate every year during the lean (monga) period to cope
 with seasonal deprivation. Analysis of household survey data shows that
 the probability of seasonal migration is high for households with a high
 dependency ratio, high dependency on wage employment, and in villages with
 high unemployment; but low in villages with microcredit access. Findings
 show that seasonal migration helps households to smooth consumption and
 that non-migrant households who suffer during monga would likely benefit
 from deciding to migrate. But the cost of migration and lack of networking
 are potential barriers. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1063-1083 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561325 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561325 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1063-1083




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prashant Bharadwaj 
Author-X-Name-First: Prashant 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bharadwaj 
Author-Name: James Fenske 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fenske 
Title: Partition, Migration, and Jute Cultivation in India 
Abstract:
   We show that refugees can play positive roles in
 receiving economies by looking at the partition of India. We use an
 instrumental variables strategy to show that migrants played a major part
 in India's take-up of jute cultivation. Our estimates suggest that
 migrants fully explain post-partition jute cultivation. Consistent with
 migrants bringing jute-specific skills with them, we find that migrants
 did not depress jute yields, did not increase the cultivation of other
 crops, and did not lower native wages. Our results are robust to migrant
 selection into districts with the best markets for jute. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1084-1107 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579114 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579114 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1084-1107




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Artjoms Iv&#x13C;evs 
Author-X-Name-First: Artjoms 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iv&#x13C;evs 
Author-Name: Roswitha M. King 
Author-X-Name-First: Roswitha M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: King 
Title: Does More Schooling Make You Run for the Border? Evidence from Post-Independence Kosovo 
Abstract:
   Does an extra year of schooling augment one's
 propensity to migrate? In a naive regression, which does not account for
 the potential reverse causality and omitted variables, the coefficient of
 education is likely to be biased. To deal with the problems of
 endogeneity, we use parental education as an instrument for own education.
 The data come from a survey on preparedness to emigrate from Kosovo,
 carried out in the summer of 2008. Two-stage residual inclusion
 multinomial probit results suggest that an extra year of education
 increases the probability of taking concrete steps to realise migration
 intentions by up to 9 percentage points. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1108-1120 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658377 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658377 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1108-1120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cynthia Buckley 
Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley 
Author-Name: Erin   Trouth Hofmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Erin   Trouth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hofmann 
Title: Are Remittances an Effective Mechanism for Development? Evidence from Tajikistan, 1999--2007 
Abstract:
   In many remittance-receiving countries, evidence
 linking remittances to household economic stability and investment is
 limited. Using three cross-sectional national surveys (1999, 2003, 2007)
 we compare remittance-receiving to non-remittance households in
 Tajikistan, a country highly dependent on remittances. Exploring household
 perceptions of financial security, wealth and entrepreneurial activity,
 across a period of rising remittance reliance, we find that households
 receiving remittances are not more economically stabile, wealthier, or
 entrepreneurial than non-remittance households. Findings highlight the
 importance of conceptualising remittances as a process influenced by the
 developmental contexts within receiving countries, and question previous
 assumptions concerning development pathways. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1121-1138 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.688816 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.688816 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1121-1138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vera Chiodi 
Author-X-Name-First: Vera 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiodi 
Author-Name: Esteban Jaimovich 
Author-X-Name-First: Esteban 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaimovich 
Author-Name: Gabriel Montes-Rojas 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montes-Rojas 
Title: Migration, Remittances and Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Rural Mexico 
Abstract:
   This article studies the link between migration,
 remittances and asset accumulation for a panel of poor rural households in
 Mexico over the period 1997--2006. In a context of financial markets'
 imperfections, migration may act as a substitute for imperfect credit and
 insurance provision (through remittances from migrants) and, thus, exert a
 positive effect on investment. However, it may well be the case that
 remittances are channelled towards increasing consumption and leisure
 goods instead. Exploiting within family variation and an instrumental
 variable strategy, we show that migration indeed accelerates productive
 assets' accumulation. However, when we look at the effect of migration on
 non-productive assets (durable goods), we find a negative effect. Our
 results then suggest that poor rural families resort to migration as a way
 to mitigate constraints that prevent them from investing in productive
 assets. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1139-1155 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.688817 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.688817 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:8:p:1139-1155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aslihan Arslan 
Author-X-Name-First: Aslihan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslan 
Author-Name: J.   Edward Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: J.   Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Transforming Rural Economies: Migration, Income Generation and Inequality in Rural Mexico 
Abstract:
   We analyse how migration shapes the distribution
 and sources of rural income using nationally representative panel data
 from Mexico. Income source Gini decompositions provide some support for
 the migration diffusion hypothesis. Nevertheless, migration's influence on
 other income sources and household re-ranking substantially alter
 distributional impacts. We find significant impacts of migration on
 non-remittance income, as well as changes in the effects of non-migration
 activities on inequality over time. We conclude that migration is
 transforming rural economies in ways that go beyond the scope of most past
 research on migration and inequality. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1156-1176 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682985 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682985 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ha Trong Nguyen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ha Trong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen 
Author-Name: Amy Y.C. Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Amy Y.C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Author-Name: Alison L. Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Alison L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Monetary Transfers from Children and the Labour Supply of Elderly Parents: Evidence from Vietnam 
Abstract:
   In the absence of a broad-based pension scheme,
 the elderly in developing countries may rely on monetary transfers made by
 their children and on their own labour supply. This article examines
 whether monetary transfers from children help to reduce elderly parents'
 need to work. Taking the possible endogeneity of children's transfers in
 the parents' labour supply into account and using maximum likelihood
 methods and Vietnamese data, we find that monetary transfers help the
 elderly cope with risks associated with old age or illness. At the same
 time, however, monetary transfers are not sufficient to fully substitute
 for parents' labour supply. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1177-1191 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.704365 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.704365 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M.   Niaz Asadullah 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   Niaz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asadullah 
Title: Intergenerational Wealth Mobility in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   Unique residential history data with
 retrospective information on parental assets are used to study household
 wealth mobility in 141 villages in rural Bangladesh. Regression estimates
 of father--son correlations and analyses of intergenerational transition
 matrices show substantial persistence in wealth even when we correct for
 measurement errors in parental wealth. We do not find wealth mobility to
 be higher between periods of a person's life than between generations. We
 find that the process of household division plays an important role: sons
 who splinter off from the father's household experience greater (albeit
 downward) mobility in wealth. Despite significant occupational mobility
 across generations, its contribution to wealth mobility, net of human
 capital attainment of individuals, appears insignificant. Low wealth
 mobility in our data is primarily explained by intergenerational
 persistence in educational attainment. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1193-1208 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.646988 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.646988 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Porter 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter 
Title: Shocks, Consumption and Income Diversification in Rural Ethiopia 
Abstract:
   We present new evidence that households are
 unable to protect themselves from rainfall failure that occurs on average
 every five years in rural Ethiopia. However, other less extreme rainfall
 variation and idiosyncratic shocks such as illness and crop pests do not
 impact significantly on consumption. Agricultural shocks impact negatively
 on farm income as expected, however they also stimulate non-agricultural
 earnings by an equivalent amount. In the case of a covariate shock such as
 severe rainfall failure, this smoothing mechanism may be ineffective and
 rainfall insurance or drought-triggered safety nets could provide further
 protection. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1209-1222 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.646990 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.646990 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sosina Bezu 
Author-X-Name-First: Sosina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezu 
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Title: Employment Dynamics in the Rural Nonfarm Sector in Ethiopia: Do the Poor Have Time on Their Side? 
Abstract:
   We study rural employment transitions in Ethiopia
 between farming and both low- and high-return nonfarm employment. We find
 that initial asset holdings and access to saving and credit are important
 factors for transition into high-return rural nonfarm employment and that
 households' participation in high-return rural nonfarm activities is
 robust to their experience of health shocks. However, shocks that affect
 their wealth or liquidity may trigger descents into low-return nonfarm
 employment. On the other hand, shocks that reduce agricultural income
 motivate transitions into high-return rural nonfarm employment. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1223-1240 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671476 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671476 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josphat Mushongah 
Author-X-Name-First: Josphat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mushongah 
Author-Name: Ian Scoones 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scoones 
Title: Livelihood Change in Rural Zimbabwe over 20 Years 
Abstract:
   This article explores the changing livelihood
 strategies among a group of rural households in southern Zimbabwe across
 20 years. The study uses a combination of a household survey, in-depth
 biographical interviews and wealth ranking to examine livelihood change.
 The households studied in 1986--1987 were all traced two decades on, and
 the pattern of livelihood transitions was analysed. In addition, a set of
 &#x2018;secondary households&#x2019;, offshoots of the original
 &#x2018;primary households&#x2019;, were also traced, revealing important
 changes in livelihood opportunity for the next generation. The article
 reflects on the methodological challenges of exploring longitudinal
 livelihood change. In conclusion, the key dynamics of livelihood
 transitions over this period are highlighted, along with the implications
 these have for rural development and agrarian change. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1241-1257 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671474 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671474 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippe Lemay-Boucher 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lemay-Boucher 
Title: Insurance for the Poor: the Case of Informal Insurance Groups in Benin 
Abstract:
   This article studies indigenous insurance groups
 using evidence from urban areas in Benin. Many of these informal
 institutions co-exist within neighbourhood distance. They are based on
 well-defined rules and regulations, offering premium-based insurance for
 funeral expenses, as well as other forms of insurance and credit to cope
 with hardships. We first provide a description of these groups. We then
 investigate, with the help of an original dataset, which individual
 characteristics are significant in explaining both the likelihood of
 joining such groups and the choice of insurance coverage. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1258-1273 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693172 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693172 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:9:p:1258-1273




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanya Jakimow 
Author-X-Name-First: Tanya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakimow 
Title: Serious Games in Livelihood Analysis: Reflections from the Case of Agricultural Wage Labourers in Andhra Pradesh 
Abstract:
   This article presents an approach to anticipating
 future livelihood portfolios through Sherry Ortner's model of
 &#x2018;serious games&#x2019;. The value of the model is to draw attention
 to the (always shifting) purposes and intentions that direct people's
 lives, within a social, cultural and material context that differentially
 constrains and enables. Power is central to the approach, and to the
 understanding of processes of social reproduction and transformation. I
 use the model of serious games to examine the proposition that
 agricultural labour will become less important in the diverse livelihood
 portfolios of the rural poor in Telangana region, Andhra Pradesh, India. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1274-1287 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682988 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682988 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solomon Asfaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Solomon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asfaw 
Author-Name: Menale Kassie 
Author-X-Name-First: Menale 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kassie 
Author-Name: Franklin Simtowe 
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simtowe 
Author-Name: Leslie Lipper 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipper 
Title: Poverty Reduction Effects of Agricultural Technology Adoption: A Micro-evidence from Rural Tanzania 
Abstract:
   This article evaluates the impact of adoption of
 improved pigeonpea technologies on consumption expenditure and poverty
 status using cross-sectional data of 613 households from rural Tanzania.
 Using multiple econometric techniques, we found that adopting improved
 pigeonpea significantly increases consumption expenditure and reduces
 poverty. This confirms the potential role of technology adoption in
 improving household welfare as higher incomes translate into lower
 poverty. This study supports broader investment in agriculture research to
 address vital development challenges. Reaching the poor with better
 technologies however requires policy support for improving extension
 efforts, access to seeds and market outlets that stimulate adoption. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1288-1305 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671475 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671475 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Modena 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Modena 
Author-Name: Christopher L. Gilbert 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilbert 
Title: Household Responses to Economic and Demographic Shocks: Marginal Logit Analysis using Indonesian Data 
Abstract:
   We analyse the responses of Indonesian households
 to demographic and economic shocks and examine how these responses vary in
 relation to the household's permanent income and the extent to which the
 shock is common across the community. Households respond in different ways
 to demographic and economic shocks. Economic shocks are more likely to
 result in a labour supply response from the household and this probability
 is further increased if the shock is common. For rural households, use of
 savings increases with permanent income. The article also examines the
 role of the interviewer in influencing survey responses. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1306-1322 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.685723 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.685723 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Futoshi Yamauchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Futoshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamauchi 
Title: Prenatal Seasonality, Child Growth, and Schooling Investments: Evidence from Rural Indonesia 
Abstract:
   This article examines the impacts of prenatal
 conditions on child growth using recent data from Indonesia. There is
 seasonality in birthweight: this measure is significantly higher
 immediately after the main rice harvest in the country. The empirical
 results show that an increase in birthweight improves child growth
 outcomes as measured by the height and weight z-scores, as well as
 schooling performance as measured by age at start of schooling and number
 of grades repeated. The interactions of ecological variations affect early
 childhood human capital formation and can have long-term impacts on
 children's outcomes. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1323-1341 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671477 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671477 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Pearlman 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearlman 
Title: Too Vulnerable for Microfinance? Risk and Vulnerability as Determinants of Microfinance Selection in Lima 
Abstract:
   Despite dramatic microfinance growth, formal
 credit use by poor households remains low. There is increasing evidence of
 muted demand, suggesting a link between the risk of projects financed by
 credit and households' risk management. This article analyses these links
 using panel data on urban microentrepreneurs in Lima, based on a model in
 which the risk of projects and the ability to manage risk determine if a
 household seeks microfinance. Controlling for unobservable traits like
 risk aversion and skill, results suggest that more vulnerable
 entrepreneurs are significantly less likely to use microfinance than their
 less vulnerable counterparts. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1342-1359 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693170 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693170 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicky Pouw 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicky 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pouw 
Author-Name: Chris Elbers 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elbers 
Title: Modelling Priority Patterns in Asset Acquisition: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Three Rural Districts in Uganda 
Abstract:
   Poor smallholder farmers in Uganda live at or
 below subsistence level. They are vulnerable to multiple risks and
 insecurities and have limited access to capital markets. In this article
 we propose a model to estimate household priority patterns in asset
 acquisition using cross-section data. The model is applied to a
 field-survey consisting of 938 farm households from three districts. The
 model predicts the distribution of asset ownership, conditional on the
 type of assets owned. Based on the established priority patterns the
 article proposes a low-cost, regional poverty monitoring instrument using
 only asset type data. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1360-1374 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709616 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709616 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomas Havranek 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Havranek 
Author-Name: Zuzana Irsova 
Author-X-Name-First: Zuzana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Irsova 
Title: Survey Article: Publication Bias in the Literature on Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers 
Abstract:
   In this article we conduct a large quantitative
 survey of the literature on horizontal and vertical spillovers from
 foreign direct investment (FDI). We create a unique database of spillover
 estimates for each country examined in the literature. Next, we estimate
 the average effect corrected for publication selection bias (the
 preferential selection of positive and significant estimates for
 publication). Our results suggest that an average reported estimate of
 backward spillovers is statistically significant. Publication selection is
 evident only among studies published in peer-reviewed journals, and only
 among the estimates that authors consider most important. Authors with
 small data sets engage in more publication selection. The intensity of
 selection in the literature decreases over time, which supports the
 economics-research-cycle hypothesis. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1375-1396 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.685721 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.685721 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name:  Suyanto 
Author-X-Name-First:  
Author-X-Name-Last: Suyanto 
Author-Name: Harry Bloch 
Author-X-Name-First: Harry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bloch 
Author-Name: Ruhul A. Salim 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruhul A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salim 
Title: Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers and Productivity Growth in Indonesian Garment and Electronics Manufacturing 
Abstract:
   Inflows of foreign direct investment generate
 externalities that spill over to domestic firms and raise their
 productivity. This article examines the extent of spillover effects of
 foreign direct investment for firms in the highly disaggregated garment
 (ISIC 3221) and electronics industries (ISIC 3832) in Indonesia. Both are
 export-intensive industries, but differ greatly in technological
 sophistication and labour intensity. Changes in both the productivity
 level and rate of growth in each industry are decomposed into the effects
 of technological change, technical efficiency change and scale efficiency
 change and then the impacts of spillovers on each component and on total
 productivity are estimated. The findings suggest that foreign direct
 investment generates a positive effect on total productivity change,
 technical efficiency change, technological change, and scale efficiency
 change in the garment industry. In contrast, foreign direct investment
 contributes significantly negatively to total productivity, technological
 change and scale efficiency change, but has no significant effect on
 technical efficiency change in the electronics industry. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1397-1411 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.646992 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.646992 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miet Maertens 
Author-X-Name-First: Miet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maertens 
Author-Name: Johan F.M. Swinnen 
Author-X-Name-First: Johan F.M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Swinnen 
Title: Gender and Modern Supply Chains in Developing Countries 
Abstract:
   The rapid spread of modern supply chains in
 developing countries is profoundly changing the way food is produced and
 traded. In this article we examine gender issues related to this change.
 We conceptualise various mechanisms through which women are directly
 affected, we review existing empirical evidence and add new survey-based
 evidence. Our results suggest that, although modern supply chains are
 gendered, their growth is associated with reduced gender inequalities in
 rural areas. We find that women benefit more and more directly from
 large-scale estate production and agro-industrial processing, and the
 creation of employment in these modern agro-industries than from
 smallholder contract-farming. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1412-1430 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663902 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663902 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:10:p:1412-1430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregg Huff 
Author-X-Name-First: Gregg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huff 
Title: Export-led Growth, Gateway Cities and Urban Systems Development in Pre-World War II Southeast Asia 
Abstract:
   Between the 1870s and World War II, falls in
 world shipping costs and Western industrialisation gave rise to export-led
 Southeast Asian growth and specialisation in a narrow range of primary
 commodity exports. A linked development was the emergence of a few
 dominant Southeast Asian urban centres, typically primate and always
 ports. Drawing on historical census data, this article uses rank-size
 distributions and transition matrices to investigate the influence of
 commodity specialisation and exports on urban systems development in the
 region. It is argued that different commodities produced different spread
 effects, resulting in variation in degrees of urban concentration in the
 region. However, geography, path dependence and infrastructure also shaped
 urban systems development. The main cities that emerged during this period
 became the &#x2018;gateways&#x2019; that connected frontier Southeast Asia
 to the global economy. Cities dominant in 1939 retain this status in
 today's Southeast Asia. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1431-1452 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693171 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693171 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sunil Kanwar 
Author-X-Name-First: Sunil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanwar 
Title: The Location of Overseas Research and Development and Intellectual Property Protection 
Abstract:
   Do multinationals distinguish between locations
 on the basis of the local intellectual property laws, in conducting their
 overseas research and development? We seek to address this question using
 data on US multinationals spanning the period 1977--2004. Particular care
 is taken to capture the host location enforcement environment of
 intellectual property protection. For our sample and time frame, we find
 that stronger intellectual property protection is not important in
 determining overseas research and development by these multinationals. The
 results are robust to disaggregation of the protection measure into its
 component indices, as well as to disaggregation of overseas research and
 development by industry. Instead, host country market size and human
 capital resources are found to be consistently important in explaining the
 location of overseas research and development. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1453-1469 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.646991 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.646991 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:10:p:1453-1469




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Chaffai 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaffai 
Author-Name: Tidiane Kinda 
Author-X-Name-First: Tidiane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinda 
Author-Name: Patrick Plane 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plane 
Title: Textile Manufacturing in Eight Developing Countries: Does Business Environment Matter for Firm Technical Efficiency? 
Abstract:
   Production frontiers with technical inefficiency
 determinants are estimated using stochastic models for textile
 manufacturing in eight developing countries encompassing about 800 firms.
 Inefficiency determinants are considered either on an individual basis, or
 in the form of composite indicators reflecting in-house or managerial
 factors and various dimensions of the external environment. Although each
 of these two categories of factors is statistically significant, the
 former proves more influential in the explanation of the difference in
 efficiency between firms. Simulations are then proposed to assess the
 efficiency levels that would occur if firms had the opportunity to produce
 in the most favourable productive environments. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1470-1488 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671471 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671471 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:10:p:1470-1488




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xufei Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Xufei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Xiaoxuan Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoxuan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Title: How Responsive are Chinese Exports to Exchange Rate Changes? Evidence from Firm-level Data 
Abstract:
   This article examines the impact of exchange rate
 changes on Chinese firms&#x2019; decisions on export market entry and
 export share. Using a large dataset for Chinese firms in 2000--2006, we
 find that changes in exchange rate levels play a significant role on both
 export extensive and intensive margins of Chinese firms. Compared to
 studies using macro data, our firm-level analysis allows us to control for
 firm and industry heterogeneity. Firm size and location matter. We do not
 find a difference between foreign and domestic firms in responding to
 exchange rate changes. Industry heterogeneity is also found to be
 important. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1489-1504 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663903 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663903 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:10:p:1489-1504




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lenis   Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie 
Author-X-Name-First: Lenis   Saweda O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liverpool-Tasie 
Author-Name: Alex Winter-Nelson 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winter-Nelson 
Title: Social Learning and Farm Technology in Ethiopia: Impacts by Technology, Network Type, and Poverty Status 
Abstract:
   Improved farm technologies in Ethiopia display
 high levels of promise and low rates of adoption. This article studies the
 impact of social networks on technology adoption focusing on social
 learning through networks based on physical proximity and those based on
 intentional relationships. Impacts by network type, technology, and asset
 poverty status are explored. Social learning is more evident for
 households not in persistent poverty, for more complex technologies, and
 within networks based on intentional relationships rather than proximity.
 Results indicate that technology diffusion in Ethiopia is likely to be
 enhanced if extension can target intentional networks, rather than spatial
 clusters. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1505-1521 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693167 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693167 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Nunnenkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunnenkamp 
Author-Name: Hannes &#xD6;hler 
Author-X-Name-First: Hannes 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;hler 
Title: How to Attract Donations: The Case of US NGOs in International Development 
Abstract:
   We assess the determinants of private donations
 across a large sample of US based NGOs with foreign aid activities. Our
 results show that donations do not depend in the expected way on publicly
 available information on NGO characteristics that reveal an efficient and
 targeted use of funds, notably the efficiency price of NGO aid and the
 degree of specialisation. Private donors rather rely on the frequently
 offered option to designate donations to preferred
 purposes&#xA0;--&#xA0;even though this is unlikely to tie the NGOs' hands. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1522-1535 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.685720 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.685720 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew   Louis Bishop 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew   Louis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bishop 
Author-Name: Anthony Payne 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Payne 
Title: Climate Change and the Future of Caribbean Development 
Abstract:
   Climate change is rapidly becoming the defining
 feature of the Caribbean developmental landscape. Yet theoretical and
 practical responses to the issue have been somewhat limited, particularly
 in terms of the socio-economic and political dimensions. This article
 begins by tracing the dramatic impact that climate change presages for
 Caribbean development. It then moves on to an analysis of how the region
 is attempting to respond at the global, regional and national levels. We
 then question the significance of this for Pan-Caribbean development,
 before pointing the way to a nascent research agenda with the political
 economy of climate change at its heart. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1536-1553 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693166 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693166 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. P. Thirlwall 
Author-X-Name-First: A. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirlwall 
Title: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethink of the Way to Fight Global Poverty -- A Review Article 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1554-1557 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.716217 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.716217 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kimberly Ann Elliott 
Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ann Elliott 
Title: The Role of Labour Standards in Development: From Theory to Sustainable Practice 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1558-1558 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.714116 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.714116 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher B. Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Title: Hunger in the Balance: The New Politics of International Food Aid 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1559-1560 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.721233 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.721233 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert M. Ahearne 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahearne 
Title: Rethinking Development in Africa&#xA0;--&#xA0;An Oral History Approach from Botoku, Rural Ghana 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1560-1562 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.734688 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.734688 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alastair Orr 
Author-X-Name-First: Alastair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orr 
Title: Why were So Many Social Scientists Wrong about the Green Revolution? Learning from Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   Most social scientists once took a negative view
 of the socio-economic consequences of the Green Revolution. Events have
 since proved them wrong. Using Bangladesh as an example, we offer three
 reasons why social scientists were mistaken. One is the focus on village
 studies at the expense of nationally representative surveys. Another is
 insufficient appreciation of the technical limits of the new rice
 technology. The third is a misleading model of agrarian change. The
 inability of village studies to validate generalisations, the reluctance
 to abandon the historical model of de-peasantisation, and opposing beliefs
 about how to evaluate socio-economic consequences created a Rashomon
 Effect that made the controversy hard to resolve. Convictions are greater
 enemies of truth than lies. (Nietzsche) 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1565-1586 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663905 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663905 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Sumberg 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sumberg 
Author-Name: Dennis Keeney 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keeney 
Author-Name: Benedict Dempsey 
Author-X-Name-First: Benedict 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dempsey 
Title: Public Agronomy: Norman Borlaug as &#x2018;Brand Hero&#x2019; for the Green Revolution 
Abstract:
   This article examines the role played by Norman
 Borlaug in promoting the notion of Green Revolution as a way to rapidly
 transform agriculture in the developing world. It develops the argument
 that Borlaug used his profile as a &#x2018;public agronomist&#x2019;,
 gained through his successful breeding of semi-dwarf wheat varieties, to
 actively and instrumentally bolster the case for Green Revolution style
 agricultural development. In effect he played and continues to play the
 role of a &#x2018;brand hero&#x2019; for the Green Revolution. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1587-1600 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.713470 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.713470 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seung C. Ahn 
Author-X-Name-First: Seung C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahn 
Author-Name: Josef C. Brada 
Author-X-Name-First: Josef C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brada 
Author-Name: Jos� A. M�ndez 
Author-X-Name-First: Jos� A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: M�ndez 
Title: Effort, Technology and the Efficiency of Agricultural Cooperatives 
Abstract:
   The inefficiency of cooperative agriculture
 relative to private farms is often attributed to difficulties in
 monitoring or poor incentives. We develop a model to show that, in
 technologies with numerous sequential steps, even small shortfalls in
 worker effort can result in large output declines. Using data on
 cooperative and private farms in El Salvador, we find greater shortfalls
 in efficiency between cooperatives and private farms, as well as among
 cooperatives, for coffee, a crop requiring numerous steps in its
 cultivation, than for maize and sugar, which require fewer steps. Thus the
 undersupply of effort in cooperatives may be less than differences in
 productivity suggest, and cooperative agriculture is most likely to be
 successful where production does not involve many sequential steps. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1601-1616 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709613 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709613 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diether W. Beuermann 
Author-X-Name-First: Diether W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beuermann 
Author-Name: Christopher McKelvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKelvey 
Author-Name: Renos Vakis 
Author-X-Name-First: Renos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vakis 
Title: Mobile Phones and Economic Development in Rural Peru 
Abstract:
   We estimate the effects of mobile phone coverage
 on different measures of economic development. We exploit the timing of
 mobile coverage at the village level merging it with a village-level panel
 dataset for rural Peru. The main findings suggest that mobile phone
 expansion has increased household real consumption by 11 per cent, reduced
 poverty incidence by 8 percentage points and decreased extreme poverty by
 5.4 percentage points. Moreover, those benefits appear to be shared by all
 covered households regardless of mobile ownership. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1617-1628 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709615 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709615 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charity   Gay Ramos 
Author-X-Name-First: Charity   Gay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramos 
Author-Name: Jonna Estudillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estudillo 
Author-Name: Yasuyuki Sawada 
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuyuki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawada 
Author-Name: Keijiro Otsuka 
Author-X-Name-First: Keijiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka 
Title: Transformation of the Rural Economy in the Philippines, 1988--2006 
Abstract:
   This research explores the changing structure of
 the rural economy in the Philippines from 1988 to 2006. We found that the
 expansion and upgrade of infrastructure such as electricity and roads and
 investment in secondary and tertiary education are important factors that
 induced the economic transformation of the rural economy. The importance
 of higher education as an entry requirement to the nonfarm labor market
 has declined over time, indicating that the rural nonfarm sector has been
 increasingly providing employment opportunities to the unskilled and the
 uneducated, who form the bulk of the rural poor. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1629-1648 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.716151 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.716151 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dinesh Paudel 
Author-X-Name-First: Dinesh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paudel 
Title: In Search of Alternatives: Pro-Poor Entrepreneurship in Community Forestry 
Abstract:
   Community forestry is quite likely the most
 prominent form of development intervention in the present era. It has
 gained momentum since the 1970s, and now covers more than 25 per cent of
 the total forestlands globally. However, the introduction of
 commercialisation into community forestry, controlled by private capital,
 has not only undermined the livelihood requirements of poor people, but
 also swiftly deteriorated forest conditions. By unfolding the nature of
 commercialisation in community forestry in Nepal, this article argues that
 pro-poor entrepreneurship models of producing forest resources through a
 partnership between poor people and community groups could be an
 appropriate alternative to develop economic opportunities and forest
 conservation. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1649-1664 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.716152 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.716152 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yemiru Tesfaye 
Author-X-Name-First: Yemiru 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tesfaye 
Author-Name: Anders Roos 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roos 
Author-Name: Bruce J. Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Author-Name: Folke Bohlin 
Author-X-Name-First: Folke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bohlin 
Title: Factors Associated with the Performance of User Groups in a Participatory Forest Management around Dodola Forest in the Bale Mountains, Southern 
Ethiopia 
Abstract:
   This study analysed and determined factors
 associated with performance in collective action of a forest under
 participatory forest management in Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected
 in 22 user groups and a performance index was computed using indicators
 including forest cover change, households' perception of the change and
 satisfaction in their livelihoods, management activity, and length of
 overdue rent payment. The results show that heterogeneity, level of forest
 dependence and geographical variables such as altitude and distance to
 town are important variables that may affect the performance of user
 groups. The findings indicate the importance of taking into account the
 needs of members of user groups, differences among local people in
 dependence on forest income, and differences in values attached to the
 forest in the design of participatory forest management. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1665-1682 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.714123 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.714123 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen   Mark Rosenbaum 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen   Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenbaum 
Author-Name: Stephan Billinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billinger 
Author-Name: Nils Stieglitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Nils 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stieglitz 
Title: Safeguarding Common-Pool Resources in Transition Economies: Experimental Evidence from Central Asia 
Abstract:
   Empirical evidence suggests that the propensity
 to cooperate in common pool resource dilemmas is higher for small,
 homogeneous groups with efficacious monitoring and sanctioning mechanisms.
 Given that transition from socialist to market economies is associated
 with larger, more heterogeneous groups with diluted opportunities for
 monitoring and sanctioning, individuals in later-stage transition
 economies may be expected to be less cooperative than their early-stage
 counterparts. However, evidence from experiments conducted with subjects
 in two economies at different stages of transition suggests that this may
 not be the case. These findings have implications for both theorists and
 practitioners alike. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1683-1697 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693169 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven A. Block 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Block 
Author-Name: William A. Masters 
Author-X-Name-First: William A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Masters 
Author-Name: Priya Bhagowalia 
Author-X-Name-First: Priya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhagowalia 
Title: Does Child Undernutrition Persist Despite Poverty Reduction in Developing Countries? Quantile Regression Results 
Abstract:
   The eradication of child undernutrition and
 extreme poverty are important objectives for most societies. Countries
 with higher national incomes usually improve in both dimensions, but not
 always at the same rate. Using quantile regression, we show that poverty
 rates tend to decline with increased income at a roughly constant
 elasticity. In contrast, while the prevalence of child wasting declines at
 that same elasticity where it is most widespread, the elasticity becomes
 smaller as wasting becomes less prevalent. This finding suggests a greater
 need for increasingly targeted interventions to achieve a given reduction
 in undernutrition as its prevalence declines. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1699-1715 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.700399 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.700399 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew J. Salois 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salois 
Author-Name: Richard Tiffin 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiffin 
Author-Name: Kelvin G. Balcombe 
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balcombe 
Title: Impact of Income on Nutrient Intakes: Implications for Undernourishment and Obesity 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> The relationship between income and
 nutrient intake is explored. Nonparametric, panel, and quantile
 regressions are used. Engle curves for calories, fat, and protein are
 approximately linear in logs with carbohydrate intakes exhibiting
 diminishing elasticities as incomes increase. Elasticities range from 0.10
 to 0.25, with fat having the highest elasticities. Countries in higher
 quantiles have lower elasticities than those in lower quantiles. Results
 predict significant cumulative increases in calorie consumption which are
 increasingly composed of fats. Though policies aimed at poverty
 alleviation and economic growth may assuage hunger and malnutrition, they
 may also exacerbate problems associated with obesity. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1716-1730 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658376 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658376 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Mude 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mude 
Author-Name: Robert Ouma 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma 
Author-Name: Erin Lentz 
Author-X-Name-First: Erin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lentz 
Title: Responding to Food Insecurity: Employing the Market Information and Food Insecurity Response Analysis Framework in Rural Northern Kenya 
Abstract:
   Aid agencies are increasingly advocating for cash
 transfers as a substitute or complement to food transfers when responding
 to both emergency and chronic food insecurity. Yet, cash is not always
 optimal. In this article, we demonstrate how a newly developed response
 analysis tool, the Marketing Information and Food Insecurity Response
 Analysis (MIFIRA) framework can guide evidence-based identification of
 appropriate transfers. We present findings from a MIFIRA analysis in
 Marsabit; a remote and generally food-insecure district of northern Kenya.
 As a demonstration of the analytical versatility of MIFIRA, we utilise a
 variety of data, ranging from rigorously-collected household data, to
 market surveys and rapid assessments in focus groups. As a proof of
 concept, this article shows how MIFIRA can be effectively deployed in
 other regions facing chronic or emergency food insecurity to help response
 agencies make systematic decisions on a solid evidence base. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1731-1749 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.685719 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.685719 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahidur R. Khandker 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahidur R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khandker 
Author-Name: M. A.   Baqui Khalily 
Author-X-Name-First: M. A.   Baqui 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalily 
Author-Name: Hussain A. Samad 
Author-X-Name-First: Hussain A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Samad 
Title: Seasonal Hunger and Its Mitigation in North-West Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   Seasonal hunger may result from seasonality of
 agriculture when households fail to smooth income and consumption. Using
 household survey data from the north-west region of Bangladesh, this
 article examines alternative measures of seasonal hunger, and provides
 some evidence to support policies and programmes needed to mitigate
 seasonal hunger. The results suggest that a large majority of
 food-vulnerable households are the perpetual poor, as opposed to a small
 percentage of households who are subject to food deprivation only during
 the lean period. Findings suggest that government safety net programmes
 and microcredit provide a cushion for the poor to stave off seasonal
 hunger. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1750-1764 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.720369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.720369 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Kuhlgatz 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuhlgatz 
Author-Name: Awudu Abdulai 
Author-X-Name-First: Awudu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdulai 
Title: Food Aid and Malnutrition in Developing Countries: Evidence from Global Food Aid Allocation 
Abstract:
   This study investigates the allocation of dietary
 energy, iron, vitamin A and zinc within global food aid. The response of
 US and non-US donors to nutritional needs and donor interests is estimated
 with a dynamic correlated random effects Tobit model. Aid flows of the
 period 1993--2007 are analysed. The empirical results show that nutrient
 shipments in emergency food aid have been allocated towards poorer
 countries, but also face inertia and media bias. Project food aid from the
 US is found to be targeted towards politically stable and rural regions,
 while non-US project aid focuses on populations with high nutritional
 requirements. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1765-1783 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.723126 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.723126 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Canning 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Canning 
Title: Progress in Health around the World 
Abstract:
   Health is a key component of human development.
 This article looks at how health is measured, and the convergence of
 health across countries. We argue that health measures should account for
 illness as well as mortality, but in practice life expectancy is a
 reasonable proxy for population health. While health is improving we see
 two distinct groups of countries in the data, clustering around different
 long run steady states. Many countries have experienced large health gains
 without prior income gains and in countries not affected by HIV/AIDS the
 last 40 years have been a success story in terms of health. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1784-1798 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663907 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663907 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Gubser 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gubser 
Title: The Presentist Bias: Ahistoricism, Equity, and International Development in the 1970s 
Abstract:
   This article examines development thinking in the
 1970s, when modernisation templates stressing growth and industrialisation
 gave way to a direct concern for relieving poverty. Although this new
 direction broke with development paradigms that presented Western history
 as a model for universal emulation, equity advocates cultivated new forms
 of presentism that continued to overlook the local histories of developing
 nations. An increased sense of the ethical urgency of development and
 demands for immediate practical action hardened the technical and
 ahistorical biases of development practice. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1799-1812 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682989 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682989 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1799-1812




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alvin Etang 
Author-X-Name-First: Alvin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etang 
Author-Name: David Fielding 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding 
Author-Name: Stephen Knowles 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles 
Title: Are Survey Measures of Trust Correlated with Experimental Trust? Evidence from Cameroon 
Abstract:
   In less developed countries, there is often a low
 correlation between survey-based measures of interpersonal trust and
 experimental measures. This has caused doubt about the reliability of
 trust measures used to explain variations in levels of socio-economic
 development. Using data from rural Cameroon, we explore whether the
 correlation between survey and experimental trust depends on social
 distance, and on whether the survey questions are context-specific. We
 find a high correlation in all cases. However, correlations with survey
 trustworthiness do depend on social distance. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1813-1827 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.649263 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.649263 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1813-1827




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Borraz 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Borraz 
Author-Name: M&#xE1;ximo Rossi 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xE1;ximo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi 
Author-Name: Daniel Ferres 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferres 
Title: Distributive Effects of Regional Trade Agreements on the &#x2018;Small Trading Partners&#x2019;: Mercosur and the Case of Uruguay and Paraguay 
Abstract:
   It is disputed whether trade liberalisation
 processes are sufficient for reducing poverty and inequality. We explore
 how &#x2018;gains from trade&#x2019; have been distributed in the two
 minor trade partners of Mercosur, Uruguay and Paraguay, by analysing the
 impact of trade liberalisation on poverty and inequality through two main
 transmission channels: prices and income. In the case of Uruguay, trade
 liberalisation favoured a reduction in poverty indicators but had an
 almost zero effect on income inequality. In the case of Paraguay, trade
 liberalisation had a markedly negative impact in terms of poverty yet
 income distribution improved. We conclude that in the case of Mercosur,
 the effect of trade on poverty and income inequality varies per country
 and per region. In particular, we conclude that trade integration policies
 cannot be regarded as &#x2018;poverty-alleviating&#x2019; per se. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1828-1843 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682984 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682984 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nguyen Viet Cuong 
Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen Viet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuong 
Title: A Method to Update Poverty Maps 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> The small area estimation method
 proposed by Elbers et al. (Elbers, C., Lanjouw, J. and Lanjouw, P. (2003)
 Micro-level estimation of poverty and inequality.
 <roman>Econometrica,</roman> 71(1), pp. 355--364) combines a household
 survey and a census to generate a disaggregated map of poverty measures.
 Since censuses are often conducted every 10 years, construction of poverty
 maps on a regular basis is not straightforward. This article discusses
 methods to update poverty maps for years between censuses by combining an
 old census and new household surveys. These discussed methods are
 illustrated by producing a poverty map in Vietnam for the years 2004 and
 2006 using the 1999 Population and Housing Census and Vietnam Household
 Living Standard Surveys in 2002, 2004 and 2006. The validation of the
 updating methods is examined by comparing poverty estimates in 2006
 obtained from the updating methods with benchmark poverty estimates
 obtained from the standard &#x2018;small area estimation&#x2019; method
 using data from the 2006 Vietnam Household Living and the 2006 Rural
 Agriculture and Fishery Census. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1844-1863 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682983 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682983 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1844-1863




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maren Duvendack 
Author-X-Name-First: Maren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Duvendack 
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones 
Title: High Noon for Microfinance Impact Evaluations: Re-investigating the Evidence from Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   Recently, microfinance has come under increasing
 criticism raising questions of the validity of iconic studies which have
 justified it, such as Pitt and Khandker. Chemin applied propensity score
 matching to the Pitt and Khandker data, finding different impacts, but
 does not disaggregate by gender of borrower. We first replicate Chemin and
 extend his analysis in two ways. We test the robustness of propensity
 score matching results to selection on unobservables using sensitivity
 analysis, and we investigate propensity score matching estimates of
 impacts by gender of borrowers. The mainly insignificant impacts of
 microfinance differ greatly by gender of borrower, but are all vulnerable
 to selection on unobservables. We are therefore not convinced that the
 relationships between microfinance and outcomes are causal with these
 data. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1864-1880 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.646989 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.646989 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1864-1880




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthieu Chemin 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthieu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chemin 
Title: Response to &#x2018;High Noon for Microfinance Impact Evaluations&#x2019; 
Abstract:
   Duvendack and Palmer-Jones are critical of
 analysis and conclusions in Chemin (2008) because they are unable to
 replicate my results. This response identifies key differences between the
 two papers, especially regarding the sample and measurement of variables,
 which imply that Duvendack and Paler-Jones should not be considered as
 either a replication or a criticism of my work. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1881-1885 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.727561 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.727561 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1881-1885




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark M. Pitt 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitt 
Title: Gunfight at the Not OK Corral: Reply to &#x2018;High Noon for Microfinance&#x2019; 
Abstract:
   Duvendack and Palmer-Jones claim to replicate
 Chemin (2008) and Pitt and Khandker (1998) but obtain different results
 and hence challenge the two papers' estimates of the impact of
 microfinance in Bangladesh. This response details a number of reasons to
 demonstrate that Duvendack and Palmer-Jones is not a replication so their
 results provide no evidence about the validity of either of the earlier
 papers or on the effectiveness of microfinance. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1886-1891 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.727563 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.727563 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1886-1891




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maren Duvendack 
Author-X-Name-First: Maren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Duvendack 
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones 
Title: Response to Chemin and to Pitt 
Abstract:
   We reply to the discussion and criticisms of
 Matthieu Chemin (MC) and Mark Pitt (MP) to our paper ((Duvendack and
 Palmer-Jones (DPJ)) (all this issue). MC clarifies many issues which now
 make replication pure probable (but not yet achieved), and MP identifies a
 number of problems with DPJ (some of which are shared with Chemin, 2008).
 Chemin (2008) made at least one crucial undocumented and unrealistic
 assumption, and did not document many of his variable constructions. MP
 correctly identifies inappropriate members of control groups, and other
 problems, but his claim that his propensity score matching (PSM) results
 provide support for Pitt and Khandker's (1998&#xA0;--&#xA0;PnK) most
 important claim is misleading as it is not robust. We see no reason to
 change our conclusion that PnK is limited as an evaluation of microfinance
 by a weak research design which cannot be convincingly mitigated by the
 sophisticated methods used in PnK, or by PSM. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1892-1897 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.747781 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.747781 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:12:p:1892-1897




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lant Pritchett 
Author-X-Name-First: Lant 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pritchett 
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock 
Author-Name: Matt Andrews 
Author-X-Name-First: Matt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrews 
Title: Looking Like a State: Techniques of Persistent Failure in State Capability for Implementation 
Abstract:
   In many nations today the state has little
 capability to carry out even basic functions like security, policing,
 regulation or core service delivery. Enhancing this capability, especially
 in fragile states, is a long-term task: countries like Haiti or Liberia
 will take many decades to reach even a moderate capability country like
 India, and millennia to reach the capability of Singapore. Short-term
 programmatic efforts to build administrative capability in these countries
 are thus unlikely to be able to demonstrate actual success, yet billions
 of dollars continue to be spent on such activities. What techniques enable
 states to &#x2018;buy time&#x2019; to enable reforms to work, to mask
 non-accomplishment, or actively to resist or deflect the internal and
 external pressures for improvement? How do donor and recipient countries
 manage to engage in the logics of &#x2018;development&#x2019; for so long
 and yet consistently acquire so little administrative capability? We
 document two such techniques: (a) systemic isomorphic mimicry, wherein the
 outward <roman>forms</roman> (appearances, structures) of functional
 states and organisations elsewhere are adopted to camouflage a persistent
 lack of <roman>function</roman>; and (b) premature load bearing, in which
 indigenous learning, the legitimacy of change and the support of key
 political constituencies are undercut by the routine placement of highly
 unrealistic expectations on fledging systems. We conclude with some
 suggestions for sabotaging these techniques. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-18 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709614 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709614 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nimah Mazaheri 
Author-X-Name-First: Nimah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazaheri 
Author-Name: Edouard Al-Dahdah 
Author-X-Name-First: Edouard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Dahdah 
Author-Name: Sandeep Poundrik 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandeep 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poundrik 
Author-Name: Soujanya Chodavarapu 
Author-X-Name-First: Soujanya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chodavarapu 
Title: Leadership and Institutional Change in the Public Provision of Transportation Infrastructure: An Analysis of India's Bihar 
Abstract:
   This study examines the role of leadership in the
 development of transportation infrastructure, specifically bridges, in the
 Indian state of Bihar during the 2000s. Drawing from interviews and
 quantitative data, we show that leadership was a critical factor in
 fostering institutional change in the state government's bridge
 organisation. Three leaders worked as a coalition to mobilise resources,
 enforce new rules of the game, and motivate staff; thereby transforming
 the organisation from a chronic under-provider of bridges to a more
 effective provider. Our study contributes to the emerging research about
 how the role of leadership shapes development outcomes in low-income
 countries. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 19-35 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.740016 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.740016 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Sch&#xFC;ndeln 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sch&#xFC;ndeln 
Title: Ethnic Heterogeneity and the Private Provision of Public Goods 
Abstract:
   Theoretically, more ethnic heterogeneity may lead
 to higher aggregate provision of privately provided public goods if ethnic
 heterogeneity increases the uncertainty about the aggregate level of
 public good provision. Empirical results in this article, which are based
 on household survey data from Kampala, Uganda, show robust evidence that
 an increase in ethnic heterogeneity is associated with an increase in the
 willingness to contribute to public goods. The findings suggest that the
 mechanism, through which public goods are provided, that is whether they
 are provided publicly or privately, is important in understanding the role
 of ethnic diversity in public goods provision. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 36-55 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.658372 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.658372 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:36-55




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Earle 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Earle 
Title: Drawing the Line between State and Society: Social Movements, Participation and Autonomy in Brazil 
Abstract:
   This article analyses the S&#xE3;o Paulo Housing
 Movement's attempts to influence pro-poor housing policy in Brazil through
 a range of participatory arenas. Using the concept of
 &#x2018;created&#x2019; and &#x2018;invited&#x2019; spaces, it argues that
 where participants in such spaces are highly organised and politicised
 social movements, more complex interactions occur that cannot be captured
 by these labels. Here literature from the anthropology of the state canon
 can be more helpful. The paper draws on the idea of the invisible but
 moveable line between state and society, to examine how representatives of
 both movement and government struggle over where this boundary is best
 placed. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 56-71 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.685722 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.685722 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:56-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roxana Guti�rrez-Romero 
Author-X-Name-First: Roxana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guti�rrez-Romero 
Title: Decentralisation, Accountability and the 2007 MP Elections in Kenya 
Abstract:
   To alleviate poverty at the grass-roots level the
 Kenyan government has devised the Constituency Development Fund (CDF)
 which allocates resources to constituencies for MPs and residents to
 decide how to spend. This article assesses how the CDF has been spent
 since its implementation in 2003 and whether MPs' re-election chances were
 affected by how they managed the fund. Using administrative data on the
 CDF management and two surveys conducted before and after the 2007 MP
 election, it is found that the use of the CDF intensified nearer the
 elections. However, the probability of the MP being re-elected was not
 affected by the amount of reported funds spent, but by how the CDF was
 spent and by residents' ethnicity. MPs that ran the most projects on
 education and the least on other projects such as on health or water were
 less likely to be re-elected. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 72-94 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.714646 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.714646 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:72-94




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Green 
Author-Name: Christine Moser 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moser 
Title: Do Property Rights Institutions Matter at the Local Level? Evidence from Madagascar 
Abstract:
  <title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> While several cross-country studies
 have demonstrated that property rights institutions are crucial for
 economic growth, empirical evidence of this relationship within countries
 is limited. This article analyses the link between property rights
 institutions and development at a local level with two rounds of a unique
 dataset covering almost all of Madagascar at a level akin to counties in
 the United States. We find robust evidence that property rights
 institutions in the form of formal land titles do matter for the emergence
 of large firms at very low administrative levels. We also find evidence
 that growth in enterprise development strengthens formal property rights,
 supporting the notion that the causality between institutions and growth
 runs both ways even at a low administrative level. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 95-109 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.663906 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.663906 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:95-109




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geske Dijkstra 
Author-X-Name-First: Geske 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijkstra 
Title: Governance or Poverty Reduction? Assessing Budget Support in Nicaragua 
Abstract:
   General Budget Support (GBS) is assumed to lead
 to more effective poverty reduction through non-earmarking of the money
 and through recipient country ownership. A second and more hidden
 objective of GBS, however, is to influence policies and governance of
 recipient countries. This article develops an evaluation framework that
 takes the tensions between these two objectives into account. It then
 assesses the results of GBS in Nicaragua under two administrations. It
 concludes that for most donors, the aim of improving governance was more
 important than poverty reduction, in both government periods, thus
 reducing the effect of GBS on poverty reduction. In addition, donor
 influence on governance was limited. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 110-124 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.713468 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.713468 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:110-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada 
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada 
Author-Name: Yasuyuki Sawada 
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuyuki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawada 
Author-Name: Xubei Luo 
Author-X-Name-First: Xubei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo 
Title: Why is Absenteeism Low among Public Health Workers in Lao PDR? 
Abstract:
   Absenteeism among public health workers is common
 in developing countries. Absence rates among public health workers are
 above 25 per cent in the five developing countries that Chaudhury et al.
 (N. Chaudhury, J. Hammer, M. Kremer, K. Muralidharan, and F.H. Rogers
 (2006) Missing in action: Teacher and health worker absence in developing
 countries. <roman>Journal of Economic Perspectives</roman>, 20, pp.
 91--116) examined. However, the present study finds that the corresponding
 rate in Lao PDR is significantly lower (17%). Using a new dataset from the
 Lao PDR Public Expenditure Tracking Survey, we find that both extrinsic
 motivation and intrinsic motivation affect health centre worker behaviour:
 the timely payment of wages, a nonrural workplace and proximity of the
 workplace to hometown are factors that are negatively associated with
 absenteeism. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 125-133 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.700394 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.700394 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:125-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Harttgen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harttgen 
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen 
Title: Do Fragile Countries Experience Worse MDG Progress? 
Abstract:
   While it is regularly stated that development
 progress in so-called fragile states is lagging behind, only very limited
 empirical analysis exists that investigates to what extent the levels and
 trends in achievements in MDG indicators differ between fragile and other
 developing countries, and between different definitions of fragile states.
 We analyse levels of MDG indicators and progress towards achieving the
 MDGs between 1990 and 2008 of fragile and non-fragile countries. We focus
 particularly on the widely used World Bank approach to define fragility,
 but also compare it with other definitions. We show that fragile countries
 are, indeed, performing worse in terms of achievement levels of MDG
 indicators. However, progress in these measures is, on average, not slower
 in fragile states using most definitions of fragility, and highly
 heterogeneous among the both fragile and non-fragile countries; only if
 fragility is defined very narrowly do we see lower progress towards the
 MDGs. As a result, we suggest that current definitions of fragility are
 not useful aggregations to predict, monitor and explain development
 progress using MDG indicators. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 134-159 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.713471 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.713471 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:134-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Varun Gauri 
Author-X-Name-First: Varun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gauri 
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock 
Author-Name: Deval Desai 
Author-X-Name-First: Deval 
Author-X-Name-Last: Desai 
Title: Intersubjective Meaning and Collective Action in Developing Societies: Theory, Evidence and Policy Implications 
Abstract:
   The capacity to act collectively is not just a
 matter of groups sharing interests, incentives and values (or being
 sufficiently small), as standard economic theory predicts, but a prior and
 shared understanding of the constituent elements of problem(s) and
 possible solutions. From this standpoint, the failure to act collectively
 can stem at least in part from relevant groups failing to ascribe a common
 intersubjective meaning to situations, processes and events. We develop a
 conceptual account of intersubjective meanings, explain its relevance to
 development practice and research, and examine its implications for
 development work related to building the rule of law and managing common
 pool resources. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 160-172 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.700396 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.700396 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:1:p:160-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Rosser 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosser 
Author-Name: Anuradha Joshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Anuradha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi 
Title: From User Fees to Fee Free: The Politics of Realising Universal Free Basic Education in Indonesia 
Abstract:
   Several developing countries have recently
 introduced policies supporting universal basic free education (UFBE).
 Experience suggests such policies often fail to increase access and
 quality of education, and illegal fees are widely prevalent. The
 literature identifies several reasons including the lack of replacement
 funding in place of fees and the loss of quality due to overcrowding and
 subsequent high drop-out rates. This article, using evidence from
 Indonesia's experience, argues that the underlying problem is political.
 We suggest that fee-free education is an attainable goal, but only if
 pro-UFBE interest groups are empowered to influence policy, demand
 accountability and seek redress against illegal fees. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 175-189 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671473 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671473 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:175-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Di Mo 
Author-X-Name-First: Di 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mo 
Author-Name: Linxiu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Linxiu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Hongmei Yi 
Author-X-Name-First: Hongmei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yi 
Author-Name: Renfu Luo 
Author-X-Name-First: Renfu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo 
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Author-Name: Carl Brinton 
Author-X-Name-First: Carl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brinton 
Title: School Dropouts and Conditional Cash Transfers: Evidence from a Randomised Controlled Trial in Rural China's Junior High Schools 
Abstract:
   The overall goal of this study is to examine if
 there is a dropout problem in rural China and to explore the effectiveness
 of a Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programme on the rate of dropping
 out. To meet this goal, we conduct a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to
 assess the impact of the CCT using a sample of the poorest 300 junior high
 school students in a nationally-designated poor county in Northwest China.
 We find that the annual dropout rate in the study county was 7.8 per cent
 and even higher, 13.3 per cent, among the children of poor households. We
 demonstrate that a CCT program reduces dropout by 60 per cent. The
 programme is most effective among students with poor academic performance,
 and likely more effective among girls and younger students. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 190-207 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.724166 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.724166 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:190-207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Futoshi Yamauchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Futoshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamauchi 
Author-Name: Yanyan Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Yanyan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Title: Impacts of an Early Stage Education Intervention on Students' Learning Achievement: Evidence from the Philippines 
Abstract:
   This article examines the impact of a large
 supply-side education intervention in the Philippines, the Third
 Elementary Education Project, on students' national achievement test
 scores. We find that two years' exposure to the programme significantly
 increased test scores at grades 4 to 6 by about 4.5 to 5 score points.
 Interestingly, the mathematics score was more responsive to this education
 reform than other subjects. We also find that textbooks, instructional
 training of teachers and new classroom constructions particularly
 contributed to these outcomes. The empirical results also imply that early
 stage investments improve student performance at later stages in the
 elementary school cycle, which suggests that social returns to such an
 investment are greater than what the current study demonstrates. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 208-222 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.700395 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.700395 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:208-222




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad   Niaz Asadullah 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad   Niaz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asadullah 
Author-Name: Nazmul Chaudhury 
Author-X-Name-First: Nazmul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhury 
Title: Peaceful Coexistence? The Role of Religious Schools and NGOs in the Growth of Female Secondary Schooling in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), a
 non-governmental organisation (NGO), runs a large number of non-formal
 primary schools in Bangladesh which target out-of-school children from
 poor families. These schools are well-known for their effectiveness in
 closing the gender gap in primary school enrolment. On the other hand,
 registered non-government secondary madrasas (or Islamic schools) today
 enrol one girl against every boy student. In this article, we document a
 positive spillover effect of BRAC schools on female secondary enrolment in
 registered madrasas. Drawing upon school enrolment data aggregated at the
 region level, we first show that regions that had more registered madrasas
 experienced greater secondary female enrolment growth during 1999--2003,
 holding the number of secular secondary schools constant. In this context
 we test the impact of BRAC-run primary schools on female enrolment in
 registered madrasas. We deal with the potential endogeneity of placement
 of BRAC schools using an instrumental variable approach. Controlling for
 factors such as local-level poverty, road access and distance from major
 cities, we show that regions with a greater presence of BRAC schools have
 higher female enrolment growth in secondary madrasas. The effect is much
 bigger when compared to that on secondary schools. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 223-237 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.733369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.733369 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:223-237




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chongwoo Choe 
Author-X-Name-First: Chongwoo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Choe 
Author-Name: Ratbek Dzhumashev 
Author-X-Name-First: Ratbek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dzhumashev 
Author-Name: Asadul Islam 
Author-X-Name-First: Asadul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam 
Author-Name: Zakir H. Khan 
Author-X-Name-First: Zakir H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khan 
Title: The Effect of Informal Networks on Corruption in Education: Evidence from the Household Survey Data in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
   Using the 2007 household survey data collected by
 Transparency International Bangladesh, we examine corruption in the
 education sector in Bangladesh. Our main findings are (i) the incidence of
 corruption and the amount of bribe increase with the level of red tape,
 (ii) poorer households, households with a less educated household head,
 and households with girls studying in school are more likely to be victims
 of corruption, (iii) households with higher social status are more likely
 to use informal networks to bypass the red tape or pay less amount of a
 bribe and, as a result, (iv) corruption is likely to be regressive. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 238-250 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709620 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709620 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:238-250




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geeta Kingdon 
Author-X-Name-First: Geeta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kingdon 
Author-Name: Mohd. Muzammil 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohd. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muzammil 
Title: The School Governance Environment in Uttar Pradesh, India: Implications for Teacher Accountability and Effort 
Abstract:
   The school governance environment is an important
 determinant of schooling quality and thus of development. This article
 explores how school governance is influenced by teacher unions and teacher
 politicians by presenting evidence on the political penetration of
 teachers, the activities of teacher unions and the stances of teachers'
 organisations on various decentralisation and accountability reform
 proposals over time. It asks how student achievement varies with teachers'
 union membership and political connections. Finding that students taught
 by unionised or politically connected teachers have significantly lower
 scores, it asks to what extent this negative relationship works via such
 teachers applying lower effort. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 251-269 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.700397 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.700397 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:251-269




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian M. Tim&#xE6;us 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tim&#xE6;us 
Author-Name: Sandile Simelane 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandile 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simelane 
Author-Name: Thabo Letsoalo 
Author-X-Name-First: Thabo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Letsoalo 
Title: Poverty, Race, and Children's Progress at School in South Africa 
Abstract:
   This article investigates inequalities in school
 attainment in South Africa using community-based data collected in 2008 by
 the National Income Dynamics Study. Schools-based research has concluded
 that poor children, who are mostly African, remain disadvantaged by the
 continuing low performance of former African schools. In contrast, this
 analysis finds that most educational disadvantages of African children,
 including their low matriculation rates, are accounted for by household
 poverty and their mothers' own limited education. Thus, earlier studies
 may not have adjusted fully for pupils' backgrounds or the performance of
 former African schools may have improved since 2000. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 270-284 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.693168 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.693168 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:270-284




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairead Dunne 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairead 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunne 
Author-Name: Ricardo Sabates 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabates 
Author-Name: Cynthia Bosumtwi-Sam 
Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bosumtwi-Sam 
Author-Name: Andrew Owusu 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Owusu 
Title: Peer Relations, Violence and School Attendance: Analyses of Bullying in Senior High Schools in Ghana 
Abstract:
   This article focuses on bullying among students
 and explores the ways it affects the attendance of senior high school
 students in Ghana. It explores whether having emotional problems, in
 addition to being bullied, incrementally affects the relationship between
 bullying and school attendance and the mitigating influence of peer
 friendships on these relationships. The results show gender differences in
 which absenteeism associated with bullying was mitigated by the support of
 friends for boys but not to the same degree for girls, especially those
 girls who had reported being psychologically bullied. Our findings suggest
 a school environment in which peer friendship and emotional wellbeing are
 intertwined in complex ways. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 285-300 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.671472 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.671472 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:285-300




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie   Riise Kolstad 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie   Riise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolstad 
Title: How Does Additional Education Affect Willingness to Work in Rural Remote Areas in Low-Income Contexts? An Application on Health Workers in Tanzania 
Abstract:
   A data set capturing stated preferences among
 freshly educated Tanzanian health workers with basic and more advanced
 education is applied to investigate how additional education affects
 willingness to work in rural areas. To control for selection into the
 additional education scheme, the two cadres are matched on propensity
 scores. It turns out that those health workers with advanced education
 would have been more likely to prefer a job in a rural remote area had
 they not received this education. The finding is significant and
 substantial with several different specifications and robust with regards
 to omitted variables. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 301-314 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.733371 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.733371 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:2:p:301-314




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth F. Pienaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pienaar 
Author-Name: Lovell S. Jarvis 
Author-X-Name-First: Lovell S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jarvis 
Author-Name: Douglas M. Larson 
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larson 
Title: Creating Direct Incentives for Wildlife Conservation in Community-Based Natural Resource Management Programmes in Botswana 
Abstract:
   Community Based Natural Resource Management
 (CBNRM) programmes in Botswana were intended to create a wildlife
 conservation incentive by providing rural communities with tourism rights
 to wildlife&#x2014;with limited effect. The 2007 CBNRM policy, increasing
 central control of CBNRM, is likely to further undermine communities'
 incentive to conserve wildlife. A complementary conservation corps is
 needed to create direct incentives to conserve wildlife and to reduce
 human-wildlife conflict. Responses to contingent behaviour questions
 indicate broad community support for such a programme and the availability
 of a suitable labour force willing to work at costs that can be financed
 from existing CBNRM revenues. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 315-333 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.720366 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.720366 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:315-333




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria   Fernanda Tomaselli 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria   Fernanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomaselli 
Author-Name: Joleen Timko 
Author-X-Name-First: Joleen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timko 
Author-Name: Robert Kozak 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kozak 
Title: Assessing Small and Medium Forest Enterprises' Access to Microfinance: Case Studies from The Gambia 
Abstract:
   Small and medium forest enterprises (SMFEs) are
 commonplace in many developing economies. SMFEs often face several
 challenges, with access to finance frequently being cited as a key hurdle.
 This study aimed to evaluate the access that SMFEs in The Gambia have to
 microfinance, and to determine strategies for improving the delivery of
 these services. Data show that most SMFEs have decent access to deposit
 accounts, but limited access to credit. While cooperative credit unions
 and other non-financial institutions have been providing microloans to
 SMFEs, access to such financial services could be improved. Six strategies
 to do so are proposed. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 334-347 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.740018 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.740018 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:334-347




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Hilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilson 
Author-Name: Chris Garforth 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garforth 
Title: &#x2018;Everyone Now is Concentrating on the Mining&#x2019;: Drivers and Implications of Rural Economic Transition in the Eastern Region of Ghana 
Abstract:
   Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) is
 replacing smallholder farming as the principal income source in parts of
 rural Ghana. Structural adjustment policies have removed support for the
 country's smallholders, devalued their produce substantially and stiffened
 competition with large-scale counterparts. Over one million people
 nationwide are now engaged in ASM. Findings from qualitative research in
 Ghana's Eastern Region are drawn upon to improve understanding of the
 factors driving this pattern of rural livelihood diversification. The ASM
 sector and farming are shown to be complementary, contrary to common
 depictions in policy and academic literature. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 348-364 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.713469 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.713469 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:348-364




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl   Johan Lagerkvist 
Author-X-Name-First: Carl   Johan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagerkvist 
Author-Name: Sebastian Hess 
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hess 
Author-Name: Julius Okello 
Author-X-Name-First: Julius 
Author-X-Name-Last: Okello 
Author-Name: Nancy Karanja 
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karanja 
Title: Consumer Willingness to Pay for Safer Vegetables in Urban Markets of a Developing Country: The Case of Kale in Nairobi, Kenya 
Abstract:
   The rapid urban population growth, rising level
 of urban poverty, and problems with food supply and distribution systems
 have increased the importance of developing local supplies of perishable
 produce of safe and good nutritional value in developing countries. This
 examination of consumer preferences for food safety across major urban
 fresh vegetable market categories revealed that the explanations behind
 purchase intentions were market segment-specific. There is a need to
 target agricultural policies relating to handling practices and for public
 health policies to be more differentiated in promoting food safety. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 365-382 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.724165 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.724165 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:365-382




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Author-Name: Dennis Rodgers 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodgers 
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock 
Title: The Projection of Development: Cinematic Representation as A(nother) Source of Authoritative Knowledge? 
Abstract:
   Popular representations of development need to be
 taken seriously (though not uncritically) as sources of authoritative
 knowledge, not least because this is how most people in the global North
 (and elsewhere) &#x2018;encounter&#x2019; development issues. To this end,
 and building on the broader agenda presented in a previous article
 exploring the usefulness of literary representations of development, we
 consider three different types of cinematic representations of
 development: films providing uniquely instructive insights, those
 unhelpfully eliding and simplifying complex processes, and those that,
 with the benefit of historical hindsight, usefully convey a sense of the
 prevailing assumptions that guided and interpreted the efficacy of
 development-related interventions at a particular time and place. We argue
 that the commercial and technical imperatives governing the production of
 contemporary films, and &#x2018;popular&#x2019; films in particular,
 generate a highly variable capacity to &#x2018;accurately&#x2019; render
 key issues in development, and thereby heighten their potential to both
 illuminate and obscure those issues. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 383-397 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.724167 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.724167 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:383-397




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronica Davidov 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davidov 
Title: &#x2018;Pedagogical&#x2019; and Ethnographic Fictions and Meta-narratives of Development: <italic>1 World Manga</italic>  
Abstract:
   This article focuses on the development-themed
 Manga series entitled <roman>1 World Manga</roman>, a World Bank/Viz Media
 project that follows the adventures of a young orphan boy, who
 &#x2018;discovers that the only way to become a true warrior is to
 understand the challenges facing the poor and disadvantaged people he
 befriends along the way&#x2019;. I argue that the series generates a
 pedagogical meta-narrative of &#x2018;development&#x2019; that engages
 behavioural and situational, rather than ontogenetic and structural causes
 of inequality and disenfranchisement impede the characters' human
 development. I then discuss how &#x2018;pedagogical&#x2019; fictions of
 development produce normative discourses of development that are centred
 around explicit, recognisable, fixed sets of circumstances, actors, and
 outcomes, and how they differ from &#x2018;ethnographic&#x2019; fictions
 of development that emerge when development projects and interventions
 become sites of cultural production. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 398-411 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.724169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.724169 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:398-411




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo Becchetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Becchetti 
Author-Name: Stefano Castriota 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Castriota 
Author-Name: Pierluigi Conzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierluigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Conzo 
Title: Cooperative Membership as a Trust and Trustworthiness Reinforcing Device: Results from a Field Experiment in the Philippines 
Abstract:
   We test the hypothesis that cooperative
 membership is a trust and trustworthiness reinforcing device and that, as
 such, it affects (in a trust game) both trustors' and trustees' transfers
 and beliefs. In considering trust games played by sugar farmers in the
 Philippines, we find that (i) cooperative membership induces higher levels
 of trust and trustworthiness even in non-members because the players'
 behaviour is influenced by the information about their counterparts'
 cooperative membership status; (ii) an in-group bias is at work since,
 contrary to non-members' expectations, the positive
 affiliation-trustworthiness link works only among cooperative members. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 412-425 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.729047 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.729047 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:412-425




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto &#xC1;lvarez 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xC1;lvarez 
Author-Name: Hasan Faruq 
Author-X-Name-First: Hasan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faruq 
Author-Name: Ricardo A. L&#xD3;PEZ 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xD3;PEZ 
Title: Is Previous Export Experience Important for New Exports? 
Abstract:
   Recent models of international trade show that
 trade costs are important determinants of exporting decisions. These
 theories, however, do not take into account that experienced firms may
 have lower trade costs, or that new exporters may reduce these costs by
 observing other exporters' decisions. We argue that previous experience
 exporting a product, or to a market, helps reduce entry costs for firms in
 international markets. Using firm-level data from Chile, with information
 on exports by product and destination market, we find that previous export
 experience significantly influences a firm's decision to introduce a new
 product to a new market. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 426-441 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.720368 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.720368 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Rodriguez-Oreggia 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez-Oreggia 
Author-Name: Alejandro De La Fuente 
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: De La Fuente 
Author-Name: Rodolfo De La Torre 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: De La Torre 
Author-Name: Hector A. Moreno 
Author-X-Name-First: Hector A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno 
Title: Natural Disasters, Human Development and Poverty at the Municipal Level in Mexico 
Abstract:
   This article analyses the effects of natural
 disasters on human development and poverty levels at the municipal level
 in Mexico. Using several sources, we build a panel of data in order to
 uncover if different natural shocks can affect social indicators. After
 controlling for geographic and natural characteristics which can make
 municipalities more hazard prone, as well as for other institutional,
 socio-economic and demographic pre-shock characteristics, in addition to
 using fixed effects, we find that general shocks, especially from floods
 and droughts, lead to significant drops in both types of indicator. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 442-455 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.700398 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.700398 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:3:p:442-455




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rosalind Eyben 
Author-X-Name-First: Rosalind 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eyben 
Author-Name: Laura Savage 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Savage 
Title: Emerging and Submerging Powers: Imagined Geographies in the New Development Partnership at the Busan Fourth High Level Forum 
Abstract:
								 The
 geopolitics of development is in a state of uncertainty and transition
 that the Busan High Level Forum both mirrored and contributed to. Busan
 established a new discourse of international development cooperation in
 which the old donor-recipient relationship is replaced by an equator-less
 landscape of a multi-stakeholder global partnership. But by analysing the
 Busan preparations and conference through textual analysis and participant
 observation we found it to be a fractured landscape of variable imagined
 geographies, suggesting that the question of who is 'North' and who is
 'South' will continue to shape global negotiations on the future of
 development cooperation.		   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 457-469 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.733372 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.733372 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:457-469




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rhodante Ahlers 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhodante 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlers 
Author-Name: Valeria Perez G�ida 
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez G�ida 
Author-Name: Maria Rusca 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rusca 
Author-Name: Klaas Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Title: Unleashing Entrepreneurs or Controlling Unruly Providers? The Formalisation of Small-scale Water Providers in Greater Maputo, Mozambique 
Abstract:
								 The
 existing legal and policy framework regulating water service provision in
 Greater Maputo, Mozambique appears fixated on the official service areas.
 In doing so it inadequately addresses the geographically varied service
 provision modalities which characterise the city. We argue that the
 predominant legal and policy framework does little to support development
 of improved services in areas unserved by the formal utility. Although ad
 hoc measures recognising small-scale providers as a temporary alternative
 to service provision by a formal utility have been implemented, these
 measures appear designed to increase control over these providers rather
 than support the service delivery capacity of small-scale providers.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 470-482 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.713467 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.713467 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:470-482




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Estache 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estache 
Author-Name: Emili Grifell-Tatj� 
Author-X-Name-First: Emili 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grifell-Tatj� 
Title: How (Un)Even was the Distribution of the Impacts of Mali's Water Privatisation across Stakeholders? 
Abstract:
								 This
 article evaluates quantitatively the welfare effects and their
 distribution among key stakeholders of Mali's brief water privatisation
 experience. To do so, we estimate economic worth generation and its
 drivers from a new use of indicator duality and production theory. We find
 that: (i) most users, intermediate suppliers, investors and workers
 benefited; (ii) poor rural users gained much less and taxpayers lost,
 moreover, (iii) foreign workers and investors benefited much more than
 locals, (iv) the firm's owners captured a large share of the rent they
 helped create, probably through transfer pricing as they controlled cost
 data for key intermediate inputs.		     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 483-499 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.729046 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.729046 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:483-499




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gissele Gajate-Garrido 
Author-X-Name-First: Gissele 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gajate-Garrido 
Title: The Impact of Indoor Air Pollution on the Incidence of Life Threatening Respiratory Illnesses: Evidence from Young Children in Peru 
Abstract:
								 This
 article analyses the impact of indoor air pollution on boys' and girls'
 health, and the validity of various mitigation strategies using a panel of
 Peruvian children younger than six years old. It controls for unobserved
 child heterogeneity and important confounding variables established in the
 literature, but seldom available in surveys. The analysis finds a
 negative, statistically significant and considerable impact of indoor air
 pollution on child respiratory health. This impact is stronger and only
 significant for boys. To discard a spurious correlation the article shows
 diarrhoea, a priori not related to pollution, is not affected by cooking
 fuel choice.			      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 500-515 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709617 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709617 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:500-515




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Alm 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alm 
Author-Name: Yongzheng Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Yongzheng 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Title: Did China's Tax-for-Fee Reform Improve Farmers' Welfare in Rural Areas? 
Abstract:
								 China
 enacted a rural tax reform - the 'Tax-for-Fee Reform' (TFR) - in the late
 1990s. A crucial but unanswered question is whether this reform improved
 farmers' welfare in rural areas. This article uses village-level survey
 data from the Chinese Household Income Project in order to examine the
 effect of the TFR on farmers' direct and indirect welfare. We find no
 evidence that the direct welfare effects improved farmers' net income. In
 contrast, the reform appears to have reduced the villages' financing
 capacity, and hence to have lowered their overall expenditures. These
 indirect effects have had significant negative impacts on farmers'
 welfare.		   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 516-532 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.729048 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.729048 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:516-532




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wenkai Sun 
Author-X-Name-First: Wenkai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun 
Author-Name: Xianghong Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Xianghong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Title: Do Relative Income and Income Inequality Affect Consumption? Evidence from the Villages of Rural China 
Abstract:
								 This
 article examines how a household's consumption rate is affected by its
 relative income and income inequality within a community. Based on the
 theory of social status seeking in consumption, we test hypotheses related
 to these factors using a unique panel data set of rural households in
 China observed within a few hundred villages between 2003 and 2006. We
 find that the household's consumption rate is negatively related to the
 relative income position after controlling for the absolute income, and
 positively related to the income inequality of the village. We confirm
 these with different measurements of relative position.		    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 533-546 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.740017 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.740017 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:533-546




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas<x/>B. Fuller 
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas<x/>B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuller 
Title: Building Ladders out of Chains: China's Hybrid-led Technological Development in Disaggregated Value Chains 
Abstract:
								 In China,
 entrepreneurs hailing from ethnic Chinese transnational technology
 networks have linked up with global capital to create hybrid firms that
 combine relatively efficient foreign financing with a strategic commitment
 to intensive utilisation of domestic resources to create their core
 corporate competencies. This article refers to these firms as global
 hybrid firms and to development driven by these firms as hybrid-led
 development. Hybrids, given their generally small scale and scope, work
 best in sectors exhibiting disaggregated value chains, fast clockspeeds
 and high technology-intensity. Patent data demonstrates that hybrids
 outperform other firms generally and especially in sectors exhibiting
 these three characteristics.			 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 547-563 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.733370 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.733370 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:4:p:547-563




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tseday<x/>Jemaneh Mekasha 
Author-X-Name-First: Tseday<x/>Jemaneh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mekasha 
Author-Name: Finn Tarp 
Author-X-Name-First: Finn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp 
Title: Aid and Growth: What Meta-Analysis Reveals 
Abstract:
								 Recent
 literature in the meta-analysis category where results from a range of
 studies are brought together throws doubt on the ability of foreign aid to
 foster economic growth and development. This article assesses what
 meta-analysis has to contribute to the literature on the effectiveness of
 foreign aid in terms of growth impact. We re-examine key hypotheses, and
 find that the effect of aid on growth is positive and statistically
 significant. This significant effect is genuine, and not an artefact of
 publication selection. We also show why our results differ from those
 published elsewhere.			
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 564-583 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709621 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709621 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hristos Doucouliagos 
Author-X-Name-First: Hristos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doucouliagos 
Author-Name: Martin Paldam 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paldam 
Title: The Robust Result in Meta-analysis of Aid Effectiveness: A Response to Mekasha and Tarp 
Abstract:
								 In this
 response to Mekasha and Tarp (2013) we show that contrary to what they
 state, their study validates our basic analysis. They confirm that the
 literature finds that aid is of little economic importance in generating
 growth. The results also show that the literature systematically selects
 control variables for their effect on aid effectiveness. We argue that
 their choice of the random effects model is not appropriate for the
 problem at hand, and that the way they use multiple meta-regression
 analysis contradicts the robust results reached at the basic analysis.     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 584-587 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.764595 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.764595 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert D'espallier 
Author-X-Name-First: Bert 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'espallier 
Author-Name: Isabelle Guerin 
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guerin 
Author-Name: Roy Mersland 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mersland 
Title: Focus on Women in Microfinance Institutions 
Abstract:
	      We provide empirical
 evidence on focusing on women in microfinance and its consequences for
 microfinance institutions (MFIs). Based on a global dataset, the results
 indicate that a focus on women is associated with group-lending methods,
 international orientation, smaller loans, and non-commercial legal status.
 We find that a focus on women significantly improves repayment but does
 not enhance overall financial performance because of higher relative
 costs. Moreover, the higher relative costs do not stem from servicing
 women per se but from the smaller loans offered to women and the
 group-lending methodology practised by MFIs focusing on women. 	 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 589-608 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.720364 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.720364 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:589-608




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sujata Balasubramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: Sujata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanian 
Title: Why Micro-Credit May Leave Women Worse Off: Non-Cooperative Bargaining and the Marriage Game in South Asia 
Abstract:
	      Micro-credit programmes
 targeting women continue to grow in South Asia, although research suggests
 that wives frequently hand over loans to their husbands. Women may also be
 unable to control the income generated by micro-enterprises. This article
 presents an intra-household bargaining model explaining these findings and
 showing how credit may leave women worse off, while benefiting men. This
 game-theoretic model also shows why a woman might rationally choose to
 give her loan to her husband even though she does not expect to benefit
 and knows he may not repay. Finally, the article identifies the conditions
 necessary for micro-credit to benefit women.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 609-623 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709618 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:609-623




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kyeong Ho Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Kyeong Ho 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Marc F. Bellemare 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellemare 
Title: Look Who's Talking: The Impacts of the Intrahousehold Allocation of Mobile Phones on Agricultural Prices 
Abstract:
	      Using data from the
 Philippines, we study the impact of mobile phones on the prices
 agricultural producers receive for their cash crop. We first look at the
 impact on price of mobile phone ownership at the household level. Because
 this masks a considerable amount of heterogeneity, we then look at the
 impact on price of the intrahousehold allocation of mobile phones. We find
 that whether the household owns a mobile phone has no impact on price, but
 whether a farmer or spouse owns a mobile phone is associated with a 5- to
 8-per cent increase in price.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 624-640 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.740014 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.740014 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:624-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Connie Bayudan-Dacuycuy 
Author-X-Name-First: Connie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bayudan-Dacuycuy 
Title: The Influence of Living with Parents on Women's Decision-Making Participation in the Household: Evidence from the Southern Philippines 
Abstract:
	      This article analyses the
 dynamics of women's participation in the decisions made in the household
 by looking at the effects of events that transpired in the recent period.
 Results suggest that the wife's participation status is positively
 affected by the presence of parents, either hers or the spouse's, in the
 household. Results also show that the wife's parents significantly affect
 participation in minor issues while the spouse's parents significantly
 affect the more relevant financial issues. The article also offers a
 cursory discussion on the role of household headship.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 641-656 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682987 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682987 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:641-656




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Claire Robitaille 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Claire 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robitaille 
Title: Determinants of Stated Son Preference in India: Are Men and Women Different? 
Abstract:
	      New sex-selective
 abortion technologies allow parents-to-be to implement their preference
 for sons more easily than in the past. With an unmet demand for sons in
 India, a better understanding of what leads respondents to prefer sons is
 important from a policy perspective. Stated son preference has seldom been
 studied in the past.		  Using data from NFHS3, I conclude that
 never-married women's preference for sons is strongly influenced by the
 financial worth of children, whereas never-married men's preference for
 sons is mainly influenced by non-financial reasons, including their
 perception of women, their religion and their caste.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 657-669 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.682986 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.682986 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:657-669




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Strobbe 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strobbe 
Author-Name: Claudia Olivetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivetti 
Author-Name: Mireille Jacobson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mireille 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobson 
Title: Breaking the Net: Family Structure and Street-Connected Children in Zambia 
Abstract:
	      Drawing on original
 fieldwork in the slums of Ndola in Northern Zambia we isolate those
 features of a child's nuclear and extended family that put him most at
 risk of ending up on the streets. We find that older, male children and
 particularly orphaned children are more likely to wind up on the street.
 Families with a male household head who is in poor health are more likely
 to originate street-connected children. In contrast, households with
 surviving maternal grandparents or with a male head who has many sisters
 are significantly less likely to originate street-connected children.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 670-688 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.709619 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.709619 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:670-688




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan de Brauw 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Brauw 
Author-Name: Jikun Huang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jikun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang 
Author-Name: Linxiu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Linxiu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Title: The Feminisation of Agriculture with Chinese Characteristics 
Abstract:
	      The objectives of this
 article are to assess whether or not the feminisation of agriculture is
 occurring in China, and if so, to measure its impact on productivity. To
 meet these objectives, we rely on three data sets that allow us to explore
 who works on China's farms and the effects of the labour allocation
 decisions of rural households on productivity. We find that since the late
 1990s, the role of women has increased in both the supply of farm labour
 and in the duties that they take on in the management of farms. While this
 expansion is important, we further demonstrate that when women do a
 majority of farm work or manage the farm, their farms are equally
 efficient as farms managed by men.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 689-704 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.724168 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.724168 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:689-704




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rasmus Heltberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heltberg 
Author-Name: Naomi Hossain 
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain 
Author-Name: Anna Reva 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reva 
Author-Name: Carolyn Turk 
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk 
Title: Coping and Resilience during the Food, Fuel, and Financial Crises 
Abstract:
	      This article aggregates
 qualitative field research from sites in 17 developing countries to
 describe crisis impacts and analyse how people coped with the food, fuel,
 and financial crises during 2008--2011. The research uncovered significant
 hardships behind the apparent resilience, with widespread reports of food
 insecurity, debt, asset loss, stress, and worsening crime and community
 cohesion. There were important gender and age differences in the
 distribution of impacts and coping responses, with women often acting as
 shock absorbers. The more common sources of assistance were family,
 friends, community-based and religious organisations with formal social
 protection and finance less important. The traditional informal safety
 nets of the poor became depleted as the crisis deepened, pointing to the
 need for better formal systems for coping with future shocks.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 705-718 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.746668 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.746668 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:705-718




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diether W. Beuermann 
Author-X-Name-First: Diether W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beuermann 
Author-Name: Emma Naslund-Hadley 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naslund-Hadley 
Author-Name: Inder J. Ruprah 
Author-X-Name-First: Inder J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruprah 
Author-Name: Jennelle Thompson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson 
Title: The Pedagogy of Science and Environment: Experimental Evidence from Peru 
Abstract:
	      In today's knowledge-based societies, understanding basic
 scientific concepts and the capacity to structure and solve scientific
 questions is more critical than ever. Accordingly, in this article we test
 an innovative methodology for teaching science and environment in public
 primary schools where traditional (teacher-centred) teaching was replaced
 with student-centred activities using LEGO kits. We document positive and
 significant improvements of 0.18 standard deviations in standardised test
 scores. Such positive results are mainly concentrated within boys that
 were located above the median of baseline academic performance.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 719-736 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.754432 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.754432 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clinton J. Pecenka 
Author-X-Name-First: Clinton J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pecenka 
Author-Name: Godfrey Kundhlande 
Author-X-Name-First: Godfrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kundhlande 
Title: Theft in South Africa: An Experiment to Examine the Influence of Racial Identity and Inequality 
Abstract:
	      This article uses a dictator game to determine the impact of
 racial identity and inequality on theft in South Africa. A dictator can
 take money from a receiver's endowment. The money vulnerable to theft is
 constant across groups, and there is no threat of punishment. Any
 differential in the amount taken is due to considerations of the racial
 identity of the potential victim or to variation in receiver endowments.
 The results provide weak evidence that theft is impacted by inequality.
 However, racial identity significantly influences theft decisions.
 Contrary to expectations, black participants take 15 per cent more from
 other black participants.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 737-753 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.754431 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.754431 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:5:p:737-753




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin D. Deane 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deane 
Author-Name: Deborah Johnston 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston 
Author-Name: Justin O. Parkhurst 
Author-X-Name-First: Justin O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parkhurst 
Title: Migration as a Tool in Development Policy: Caution Ahead? 
Abstract:
	      		  The World Bank and UNDP
 have proposed that migration and mobility facilitate economic development.
 Yet the epidemiological and public health literature has often associated
 migration and population mobility with the extension and intensification
 of infectious diseases, most recently epitomised by the AIDS pandemic.
 Within the context of the well-documented negative developmental impact of
 AIDS, this suggests a potential clash in perspectives on the role of
 migration. However, if insights from public health can be incorporated
 into broader development perspectives, it may be possible to realise the
 developmental benefits of migration while mitigating or avoiding any
 associated health concerns.	      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 759-771 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.746669 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.746669 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:6:p:759-771




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabel Ruiz 
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz 
Author-Name: Carlos Vargas-Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vargas-Silva 
Title: The Economics of Forced Migration 
Abstract:
	      		  This article reviews the
 economics literature on the impacts of forced migration. The literature is
 divided into two parts: impacts on forced migrants and impacts on host
 communities. Studies exploring the impact of forced migration due to WWII
 suggest that the long-term impact is often positive. The literature for
 developing countries suggests that there are serious consequences of
 forced migration for those forced to migrate. These consequences range
 from worse labour market outcomes to less consumption smoothing. The
 impact on host communities seems to be mixed and there are winners and
 losers. The article provides suggestions for future research.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 772-784 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.777707 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.777707 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Bryant 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryant 
Author-Name: Pungpond Rukumnuaykit 
Author-X-Name-First: Pungpond 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rukumnuaykit 
Title: The Labour Market Impacts of Immigration to Developing Countries: Evidence from a Registration Campaign in Thailand 
Abstract:
	      		  Little is known about the
 labour market impact of immigration to developing countries, because most
 immigration to developing countries is poorly measured. We use an unusual
 dataset from a campaign to register irregular migrants to study how
 immigration has affected wages, employment, and internal migration in
 Thailand. We allow for endogenous migration, whereby immigrants are
 disproportionately attracted to areas with higher wages. Our results
 suggest that immigration sufficient to increase Thailand's total labour
 force by one per cent would reduce Thai wages by approximately half a per
 cent. This effect is stronger than is generally found in developed
 countries. We find no evidence that immigration has reduced Thai
 employment rates or has affected internal migration by Thais.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 785-800 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.720367 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.720367 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:6:p:785-800




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Chauvet 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chauvet 
Author-Name: Flore Gubert 
Author-X-Name-First: Flore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gubert 
Author-Name: Sandrine Mespl�-Somps 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandrine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mespl�-Somps 
Title: Aid, Remittances, Medical Brain Drain and Child Mortality: Evidence Using Inter and Intra-Country Data 
Abstract:
	      		  This article analyses the
 respective impact of aid, remittances and medical brain drain (MBD) on
 child mortality using panel and cross-country quintile-level data on
 respectively 84 and 46 developing countries. Our results show that
 remittances reduce child mortality while MBD increases it. Health aid also
 significantly reduces child mortality but its impact is less robust than
 the impact of remittances. Remittances seem to be more effective in
 reducing mortality for children belonging to households from the upper
 classes, whereas neither a pro-poor nor anti-poor effect is found for
 health aid.	      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 801-818 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.742508 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.742508 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorrit Posel 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorrit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Posel 
Author-Name: Colin Marx 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marx 
Title: Circular Migration: A View from Destination Households in Two Urban Informal Settlements in South Africa 
Abstract:
	      		  This article analyses
 dual household membership and the return intentions of migrants, using
 data collected from migrants living in two informal settlements in South
 Africa. While dual household membership is very common among the migrants
 we surveyed, less than half of these migrants wanted to return to their
 other household in the future. We explore the correlates of dual household
 membership and intended return migration and we consider the implications
 of our findings for measures of circular individual migration using
 existing cross-sectional datasets.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 819-831 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.766717 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.766717 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Mahmudul Islam 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Mahmudul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam 
Author-Name: Johannes Herbeck 
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herbeck 
Title: Migration and Translocal Livelihoods of Coastal Small-scale Fishers in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
	      		  Based on qualitative
 fieldwork, this study analyses reasons and outcomes of fishers' migration
 in Bangladesh. The results show that fishers' livelihoods are
 characterised by a series of vulnerabilities and endemic poverty
 contributing to their migration decisions. However, fishers also migrate
 pro-actively to enhance their capacities and explore opportunities. The
 outcomes of migration are highly diverging: while for poorer fishers,
 migration is a way of coping with shocks, better resourced fishers can use
 it for asset accumulation. The importance of migration for their
 livelihoods and emerging networks across space generate forms of
 translocal households that coordinate their activities over long
 distances.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 832-845 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.766719 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.766719 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nitya Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Nitya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Author-Name: Amit Mitra 
Author-X-Name-First: Amit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitra 
Title: Migration, Representations and Social Relations: Experiences of Jharkhand Labour to Western Uttar Pradesh 
Abstract:
	      		  Studying a stream of
 migration from Jharkhand to western Uttar Pradesh (UP), this article
 focuses on the work and life experiences of migrant labour from tribal
 India. Based on an in-depth study of a Jharkhand village, alongside a
 briefer stint at the destination village in UP, it examines the
 micro-level nuances and complexity of migrant labour movements and their
 often unexpected and unrecognised social consequences, particularly, the
 renegotiation of class and gender relations at home and the destination.
 Apart from pointing to the deep interconnections between the relations of
 production and reproduction, it demonstrates how the use of distinct
 representations of work and life due to spatial distanciation contribute
 to renegotiating both labour relations and social identities.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 846-860 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.778399 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.778399 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:6:p:846-860




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorothee Crayen 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crayen 
Author-Name: Christa Hainz 
Author-X-Name-First: Christa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hainz 
Author-Name: Christiane St�h de Mart�nez 
Author-X-Name-First: Christiane St�h 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Mart�nez 
Title: Remittances, Banking Status and the Usage of Insurance Schemes 
Abstract:
	      		  Empirical evidence that
 migrants send home more remittances after disasters raises the question of
 whether remittances are used to self-insure, substituting for both formal
 and informal insurance. We investigate this question using a unique data
 set on the usage patterns of financial services by households in South
 Africa. We show that the likelihood that a respondent has a formal funeral
 cover increases with income and banking status. However, it is lower for
 individuals receiving remittances, which supports the idea that
 remittances act as self-insurance. We also show that other risk management
 strategies influence the purchasing of formal funeral cover. Finally, we
 find that determinants of informal insurance differ from those of formal
 insurance.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 861-875 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.777706 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.777706 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Author-Name: Emilie Perge 
Author-X-Name-First: Emilie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perge 
Title: How Strong is the Evidence for the Existence of Poverty Traps? A Multicountry Assessment 
Abstract:
	      Introducing this special collection on asset dynamics and
 poverty traps, this article assesses evidence on these issues across eight
 panel data sets in six countries generally not previously considered in
 this perspective. It examines the importance of assets in relation to
 chronic poverty and uses parametric and non-parametric methods to test for
 dynamic asset-based poverty traps. The article finds that chronically poor
 households have lower levels of assets than others, though does not find
 evidence of the non-convexities which would imply a multiple dynamic
 poverty trap. From this base the article introduces the remainder of the
 articles in this collection which set out many promising approaches to
 further develop and improve methods and approaches for looking at poverty
 traps in future.	   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 877-897 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785521 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785521 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:7:p:877-897




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnes R. Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Author-Name: Bob Baulch 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch 
Title: Assets and Poverty Traps in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
	      Using longitudinal survey from rural Bangladesh, this article
 examines the determinants of land and asset accumulation over time and
 explores why some households may be trapped in asset poverty.
 Non-parametric and parametric methods are used to discern the shape of the
 asset accumulation path, and whether unique or multiple equilibria exist.
 We find evidence for concavity of the dynamic asset frontier but no
 evidence for multiple equilibria. It is suggested that the existence of
 well-functioning factor markets in rural Bangladesh and elsewhere in South
 Asia explain the contrasts between our results and those for several
 African countries.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 898-916 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785524 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785524 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hope Michelson 
Author-X-Name-First: Hope 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michelson 
Author-Name: Maria Mu�iz 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mu�iz 
Author-Name: Kyle DeRosa 
Author-X-Name-First: Kyle 
Author-X-Name-Last: DeRosa 
Title: Measuring Socio-economic Status in the Millennium Villages: The Role of Asset Index Choice 
Abstract:
	      How are poverty analyses and poverty traps assessments
 affected by the choice among conventional methods of asset index
 construction? To address this question, this article uses panel data from
 four sites in the Millennium Villages Project (MVP) in Malawi, Tanzania,
 Mali and Ghana to study the relationship between eight asset indices and
 the sensitivity of findings related to poverty rates, poverty transitions
 and poverty traps to the index used. We find that although estimations of
 poverty rates and transitions are largely consistent across indices,
 evidence of poverty traps can be conditional on which asset index is used.
 The asset indices studied include structural income, principal components,
 factor analysis and a reduced set of assets reflecting the portfolio
 assessed in the Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 917-935 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785525 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785525 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:7:p:917-935




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Naschold 
Author-X-Name-First: Felix 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naschold 
Title: Welfare Dynamics in Pakistan and Ethiopia -- Does the Estimation Method Matter? 
Abstract:
	      Identifying household-level welfare dynamics and associated
 dynamic poverty trap thresholds can have important implications for the
 targeting of poverty reduction policies. The small existing empirical
 microeconomic literature has found evidence both for and against poverty
 traps. Using household panel data from rural Pakistan and Ethiopia, this
 article examines whether these different results are likely driven by
 differences in estimation methods or whether they reflect actual
 differences across settings. It applies the estimation methods from the
 existing literature to the same two datasets and also proposes a novel
 semiparametric panel data estimator that combines the advantages of the
 previous fully parametric and nonparametric approaches. The results
 suggest that absent any dynamic poverty trap thresholds the effect of
 using different estimation methods is secondary, having a small influence
 on the estimated long-term level of household well-being but not the
 identification of multiple dynamic welfare equilibria and associated
 dynamic poverty thresholds. Households in rural Pakistan and Ethiopia seem
 to be stuck in a static, structural-type poverty trap facing an expected
 level of long-term well-being that places them squarely in poverty.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 936-954 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785522 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785522 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sungil Kwak 
Author-X-Name-First: Sungil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwak 
Author-Name: Stephen C. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Regional Agricultural Endowments and Shifts of Poverty Trap Equilibria: Evidence from Ethiopian Panel Data 
Abstract:
	      We examine changes in patterns of equilibria over time and
 across regions, applied to the Ethiopia Rural Household Survey. We revisit
 incidence of multiple equilibria using new nonparametric techniques, and
 examine single equilibria that remain stagnant below the poverty line.
 Using quantile regressions, we identify differences across the income
 distribution. We introduce the empirical analysis of sequences of
 equilibria. We identify a single equilibrium in 1994--1999 but find a
 second, higher equilibrium emerging in 1999--2004 -- evidencing a shift
 from unimodal toward a bimodal asset distribution. The most deprived
 region exhibits a low-level stagnant equilibrium despite significant rural
 income growth nationwide.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 955-975 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785523 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785523 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher B. Barrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett 
Author-Name: Michael R. Carter 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter 
Title: The Economics of Poverty Traps and Persistent Poverty: Empirical and Policy Implications 
Abstract:
	      The moral and economic imperatives to intervene in poverty
 traps motivate the identification of poverty traps and their structural
 causes so as to inform the design of appropriate policy responses.
 However, empirical identification remains challenging because of poverty
 traps' complexity. After reviewing mechanisms that can generate poverty
 traps, we focus on one -- multiple financial market failures --
 emphasising its heretofore underappreciated testable implications,
 including specific behaviours that are rational only in the presence of a
 poverty trap. We therefore recommend tests for these behaviours rather
 than more econometrically challenged efforts to directly test for poverty
 traps in estimated asset dynamics.	     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 976-990 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785527 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785527 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:7:p:976-990




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonna P. Estudillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonna P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estudillo 
Author-Name: Yukichi Mano 
Author-X-Name-First: Yukichi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mano 
Author-Name: Saygnasak Seng-Arloun 
Author-X-Name-First: Saygnasak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seng-Arloun 
Title: Job Choice of Three Generations in Rural Laos 
Abstract:
	      Using a rare individual-level data set, this article explores
 the role of education and farmland on the choice of job of three
 generations of household members in rural Laos. While the first (G1) and
 the second (G2) generations are mainly engaged in farming, the youngest
 generation (G3) is engaged in nonfarm wage and overseas work. Education
 matters in nonfarm wage work, but not necessarily in overseas work. The
 female members of G3 are more likely to migrate. Our findings imply a
 shortage of jobs in rural Laos, pushing the less educated and the females
 to cross the border to Thailand.	   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 991-1009 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785528 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785528 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna 
Title: Stuck in Place: Investigating Social Mobility in 14 Bangalore Slums 
Abstract:
	      This study of 14 Bangalore slum communities, including
 detailed interviews with 1,481 residents, represents an initial effort to
 study social mobility in India's largest cities, where opportunity and
 inequality have both been rising. The results show that slum dwellers have
 advanced economically, but the extent of improvement is small in the
 majority of cases, and there are many reversals of fortune. Sons tend to
 follow fathers or uncles into informal and mostly low-skilled occupations.
 The majority have lived in slums for many generations. These
 restricted-entry low-exit situations are brought about in large part on
 account of multiple institutional disconnections.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1010-1028 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.785526 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.785526 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Manzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Kate 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manzo 
Title: Representations of Global Poverty: Aid, Development and International NGOs 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1029-1030 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.734682 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.734682 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:7:p:1029-1030




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Shaffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaffer 
Title: Poverty and Development in China: Alternative Approaches to Poverty Assessment 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1030-1031 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.739745 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.739745 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:7:p:1030-1031




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Social Protest and Contentious Authoritarianism in China 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1031-1032 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.740169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.740169 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amelia U. Santos-Paulino 
Author-X-Name-First: Amelia U. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos-Paulino 
Title:                 <bold>Trade and Poverty: When the Third World Fell Behind</bold> Jeffrey G. Williamson 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1032-1034 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.767006 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.767006 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Christie 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Christie 
Title:                 <bold>Context Sensitive Development (How International NGO's Operate in Myanmar)</bold> Anthony Ware<break/>                <bold>Peacebuilding through Community Based NGOs: Paradoxes and Possibilities</bold> Max Stephenson Jr. and Laura Zanotti 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1034-1035 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.767007 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.767007 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Barrientos 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrientos 
Author-Name: Uma Kothari 
Author-X-Name-First: Uma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kothari 
Author-Name: Nicola Phillips 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips 
Title: Dynamics of Unfree Labour in the Contemporary Global Economy 
Abstract:
	      This short introduction to the symposium sets the context for
 the collection of articles, locating them in debates about labour
 conditions in the global economy. It outlines the two central questions
 which animate the symposium. First, what forms do unfree labour take in
 the contemporary global economy, and what are the implications for the
 most vulnerable workers in diverse contexts? Second, which processes,
 conditions and dynamics generate and facilitate unfree labour, and which
 theoretical and analytical perspectives do we need in order to understand
 them? It summarises some of responses to these questions which emerge in
 the collected articles, and highlights their contributions to the task of
 advancing fresh ways of thinking about unfree labour.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1037-1041 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.780043 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.780043 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uma Kothari 
Author-X-Name-First: Uma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kothari 
Title: Geographies and Histories of Unfreedom: Indentured Labourers and Contract Workers in Mauritius 
Abstract:
	      		  This article contributes
 to debates on the continuities and divergences of different forms of
 labour migration over time and the degrees of unfreedom they manifest. It
 suggests that levels of (un)freedom can usefully be understood by
 analysing the various forms of control exercised over the movement of
 labour. More specifically, the article explores how unfreedom can be
 understood as a particular assemblage of spatial practices that
 simultaneously compel migration and enforce spatial confinement. With a
 focus on Mauritius, it is argued here that the coerced or manipulated
 nature of the transnational movements of indentured and contract migrant
 labour combined with their subsequent immobility on plantations and in
 factory compounds shapes the degree of their unfreedom. Additionally, the
 article extends the historical trajectory of much previous work on
 unfreedom by exploring the connections between the colonial regime of
 indentured labour and the contemporary recruitment of contract labour
 migrants.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1042-1057 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.780039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.780039 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:8:p:1042-1057




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Ware Barrientos 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie Ware 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrientos 
Title: 'Labour Chains': Analysing the Role of Labour Contractors in Global Production Networks 
Abstract:
	      		  Third party labour
 contractors are increasingly prevalent in global production networks
 (GPNs), and can provide a channel for new forms of unfree labour. Review
 of case study evidence from South African and UK horticulture suggests
 this often emerges off-site through labour intermediaries. Analytical
 approaches to labour in GPNs and value chains are examined. The article
 argues that labour contracting is driven by the commercial dynamics of
 global outsourcing. A 'cascade system' allows unscrupulous intermediaries
 to coerce vulnerable workers. We examine strategies of civil society
 alliances, and regulatory reform, and argue for extending liability of all
 commercial actors across global boundaries.	      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1058-1071 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.780040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.780040 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:8:p:1058-1071




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Frantz 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frantz 
Title: Jordan's Unfree Workforce: State-Sponsored Bonded Labour in the Arab Region 
Abstract:
	      This article contributes to understandings of contemporary
 forms of unfree labour by offering an ethnographic perspective on a region
 which so far has been overlooked in the scholarly literature on the
 subject -- the Arab world. It describes the sponsorship system through
 which tens of millions of foreign workers are employed in Jordan, Lebanon
 and the Arabian Gulf states and argues that it constitutes a form of
 bonded labour. One of the main features of this form of unfree labour is
 the role played by states in facilitating and enforcing it. This example
 complicates the commonly held assumption that since slavery and bonded
 labour have been legally abolished in most countries, contemporary forms
 of unfree labour exist primarily in extra-legal zones outside the
 boundaries of government oversight. On the contrary, in the context
 described here the state is not merely turning a blind eye but actively
 enabling bonded labour. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Jordan and
 Sri Lanka, the article focuses on the position of Sri Lankan women
 employed in domestic service to illuminate workers' experiences of the
 sponsorship system and the institutional apparatuses that buttress it.     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1072-1087 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.780042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.780042 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amanda Berlan 
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berlan 
Title: Social Sustainability in Agriculture: An Anthropological Perspective on Child Labour in Cocoa Production in Ghana 
Abstract:
	      Based on historical sources and ethnographic fieldwork in
 Ghana, the article presents child labour in cocoa communities as the
 outcome of a complex myriad of micro-level factors. It argues that many
 policy initiatives to address this problem have been hindered by a lack of
 understanding of the social and historical context impacting child rights
 in cocoa-producing communities. It also argues that by enabling a more
 grounded and gender-sensitive understanding of the household dimension of
 poor labour practices and of the plurality of factors underlying them,
 ethnography makes an important contribution to debates on unfree labour.   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1088-1100 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.780041 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.780041 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diane Coffey 
Author-X-Name-First: Diane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coffey 
Title: Children's Welfare and Short-term Migration from Rural India 
Abstract:
	      		  Few papers in the
 literature provide quantitative analysis of the difficult circumstances
 faced by children of short-term labour migrants. This article uses new
 survey data from rural northwest India to study both children who migrate
 and those left behind. It finds that, unlike in other contexts, children
 who migrate rarely work when they accompany adult migrants. Additionally,
 this article reports a robust, previously unquantified negative
 relationship between children's migration and educational outcomes and
 investments. It calls for further research about externalities of
 migration for children and suggests that the expansion of a large public
 employment programme might help these children.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1101-1117 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.794934 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.794934 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert McNabb 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: McNabb 
Author-Name: Rusmawati Said 
Author-X-Name-First: Rusmawati 
Author-X-Name-Last: Said 
Title: Trade Openness and Wage Inequality: Evidence for Malaysia 
Abstract:
	      This article examines the impact of trade openness on wage
 inequality in Malaysia during the period 1984--1997. Malaysia has operated
 a very open trade regime since the 1960s and has pursued aggressive import
 substitution and export supporting policies. This development strategy is
 very different to that adopted in many other emerging economies where
 trade liberalisation has been associated with greater wage inequality. The
 aim of the present study is to examine whether Malaysia's more open
 approach to international trade has had a similar effect on wage
 inequality. The results suggest, in fact, that this is not the case.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1118-1132 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.794263 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.794263 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:8:p:1118-1132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert E. Lipsey 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipsey 
Author-Name: Fredrik Sj�holm 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sj�holm 
Author-Name: Jing Sun 
Author-X-Name-First: Jing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun 
Title: Foreign Ownership and Employment Growth in a Developing Country 
Abstract:
	      Many developing countries would like to increase employment
 in the formal sectors. One way to accomplish this goal may be to encourage
 the entrance of foreign firms. We examine employment growth in Indonesian
 plants taken over by foreign owners from domestic ones. We also examine
 the effect of FDI during different trade regimes and the timing of
 employment effects following an acquisition. For plants that change the
 nationality of ownership, we find a strong effect of shifts from domestic
 to foreign ownership in raising the growth rate of employment, but no
 significant effects of shifts from foreign to domestic ownership.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1133-1147 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.794264 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.794264 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:8:p:1133-1147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jasmine Gideon 
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gideon 
Title:                 <bold>Transformative Policy for Poor Women: A New Feminist Framework</bold> by Bina Fernandez 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1148-1149 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790618 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:8:p:1148-1149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Corkin 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corkin 
Title:                 <bold>China's Resource Diplomacy in Africa: Powering Development</bold> by Marcus Power, Giles Mohan, & May Tan-Mullins 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1149-1150 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790621 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790621 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pia Riggirozzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Pia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riggirozzi 
Title:                 <bold>Latin America after Neoliberalism: Developmental Regimes in Post-Crisis States</bold>, by Christopher Wylde 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1150-1152 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790625 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790625 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabelle Gu�rin 
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gu�rin 
Author-Name: Bert D'Espallier 
Author-X-Name-First: Bert 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'Espallier 
Author-Name: Govindan Venkatasubramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: Govindan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Venkatasubramanian 
Title: Debt in Rural South India: Fragmentation, Social Regulation and Discrimination 
Abstract:
	      		  This micro-level study
 combines multivariate and qualitative analyses to highlight the fragmented
 nature of debt in southern Indian rural households. It finds that debt is
 socially regulated in the sense that social interactions shape the cost,
 use and access to debt. Caste, social class and location affect how
 individuals borrow varying amounts from distinct money providers, for
 varied purposes and at differing costs. Debt thus is not purely an
 economic but first and foremost a social transaction which inscribes
 debtors and creditors into local systems of hierarchies. Furthermore, we
 find that debt is an illustration and catalyst of broader socio-economic
 and political trends, namely a lack of social protection, persistent
 under-employment and rising consumerism. In terms of policy implications,
 the study highlights the ambiguities and illusions inherent to 'financial
 inclusion' policies aiming to eradicate informal debt. 	 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1155-1171 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.720365 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.720365 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Getaw Tadesse 
Author-X-Name-First: Getaw 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadesse 
Author-Name: Gerald Shively 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shively 
Title: Repeated Transaction in Rural Grain Markets of Ethiopia 
Abstract:
	      		  This article uses the
 theory of repeated transaction to model exchange in rural grain markets.
 We examine the theoretical and empirical drivers of repeated transaction,
 as well as potential problems that may arise as a result of its widespread
 use. We develop a structural repeated game to represent buyer-seller
 relations in a developing country grain market, motivated by observations
 in Ethiopia. The model generates hypotheses regarding the logic that
 drives long-term tied transactions, as governed by information access,
 screening and investment costs, and time preferences. The model's
 predictions are tested using market transaction data collected in Ethiopia
 in 2009. Results support the view that a relational contract is driven by
 access to information and the costs of screening. Our major finding is
 that trust in relational trading can emerge through costly repeated
 interaction.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1172-1187 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.740015 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.740015 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:9:p:1172-1187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yoko Kijima 
Author-X-Name-First: Yoko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kijima 
Author-Name: Horacio Gonzalez 
Author-X-Name-First: Horacio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzalez 
Title: Does Observance of Religious Holidays Affect Agricultural Productivity and Household Welfare? Evidence from Rural Ethiopia 
Abstract:
	      		  This study examines
 whether traditional customs affect household's welfare by taking the case
 of the work prohibition related with religion in rural Ethiopia. Although
 the anecdotal evidence suggests that work prohibition by the Ethiopian
 Orthodox Church, to observe the religious holidays, is one of the reasons
 for the high poverty incidence in Ethiopia, the estimation results do not
 show that there is a significant effect of the number of religious
 holidays observed on agricultural productivity and household welfare.
 Observance of religious holidays affects crop choice and income source.    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1188-1201 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.766720 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.766720 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:9:p:1188-1201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James A. Giesecke 
Author-X-Name-First: James A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giesecke 
Author-Name: Nhi Hoang Tran 
Author-X-Name-First: Nhi Hoang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran 
Author-Name: Erwin L. Corong 
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corong 
Author-Name: Steven Jaffee 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaffee 
Title: Rice Land Designation Policy in Vietnam and the Implications of Policy Reform for Food Security and Economic Welfare 
Abstract:
	      		  With the aim of promoting
 national food security, the Vietnamese government enforces the designation
 of around 35 per cent of agricultural land strictly for paddy rice
 cultivation. We investigate the economic effects of adjusting this policy,
 using an economy-wide model of Vietnam with detailed modelling of
 region-specific land use, agricultural activity, poverty and food security
 measures. Our results show that the removal of the rice land designation
 policy increases real private consumption by an average of 0.35 per cent
 per annum over 2011--2030, while also reducing poverty, improving food
 security and contributing to more nutritionally balanced diets among
 Vietnamese households. 	 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1202-1218 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.777705 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.777705 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mart�n Mendoza-Botelho 
Author-X-Name-First: Mart�n 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendoza-Botelho 
Title: Social Capital and Institutional Trust: Evidence from Bolivia's Popular Participation Decentralisation Reforms 
Abstract:
	      This article uses Bolivia's emblematic process of
 decentralisation (Popular Participation) to explore the elusive
 relationship between interpersonal and institutional trust, as central
 components of social capital. The evidence corroborates the notion that
 basic social interaction and more complex institutional settings are
 strongly co-related, such as the trust that individuals place in their
 governments and institutions. The data also shows that social capital has
 a direct effect on civic activism and political behaviour at the
 individual level. The notion of social capital is present throughout the
 analysis as this type of capital allows observing and measuring changes in
 social structures that affect more complex institutional arrangements.     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1219-1237 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.786961 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.786961 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:9:p:1219-1237




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Schicks 
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schicks 
Title: The Sacrifices of Micro-Borrowers in Ghana -- A Customer-Protection Perspective on Measuring Over-Indebtedness 
Abstract:
	      This article measures the over-indebtedness of
 micro-borrowers. It defines over-indebtedness from a customer-protection
 perspective, based on the borrowers' sacrifices. We analyse the sacrifices
 borrowers experience and find that 30 per cent of borrowers are
 over-indebted. We then test risk management indicators of debt problems as
 predictors of over-indebtedness. Over-indebtedness is strongly related to
 delinquency and the debt-to-income ratio but not to debt amounts or to
 multiple borrowing. Although our model correctly predicts 72.6 per cent of
 cases, even the best indicators identify only a few over-indebted
 borrowers. Risk management is not enough to protect customers against
 over-indebtedness but the industry needs to measure customer experiences
 directly.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1238-1255 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.775421 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.775421 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Skoufias 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skoufias 
Author-Name: Phillippe Leite 
Author-X-Name-First: Phillippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leite 
Author-Name: Renata Narita 
Author-X-Name-First: Renata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Narita 
Title: Expanding Microfinance in Brazil: Credit Utilisation and Performance of Small Firms 
Abstract:
	      		  We take advantage of the
 natural experiment generated by the exogenous change in government policy
 towards microcredit to evaluate the impact of the increased supply of
 microcredit on the utilisation of credit by micro-entrepreneurs. Based on
 micro-entrepreneurs' survey and administrative data from a microcredit
 programme in Brazil, we show that: the increased supply of microcredit
 raised formal credit utilisation and this does not crowd out the use of
 informal credit sources; formal credit taking improves business
 performance; and returns are larger for women- than for men-owned firms,
 but males employ significantly more workers after taking formal credit
 than females.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1256-1269 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790961 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790961 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:49:y:2013:i:9:p:1256-1269




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margherita Scarlato 
Author-X-Name-First: Margherita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scarlato 
Title: Social Enterprise, Capabilities and Development Paradigms: Lessons from Ecuador 
Abstract:
	      Recently, social movements in Latin America have affirmed the
 'buen vivir' development paradigm that pursues the social and solidarity
 economy model in reaction to mainstream development strategies. In this
 paper we explore the features of the social economy that has emerged from
 the social movement resistance in Ecuador. We have two aims. First, to
 contribute to the comparative analysis of the varying patterns in the
 evolution of social enterprise around the world. Second, to provide
 general theoretical insights into the ways in which the social economy
 relates to the contemporary debate on alternative development paradigms.   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1270-1283 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790962 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790962 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ronelle Burger 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burger 
Author-Name: Trudy Owens 
Author-X-Name-First: Trudy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Owens 
Title: Receive Grants or Perish? The Survival Prospects of Ugandan Non-Governmental Organisations 
Abstract:
	      		  This study examines
 survival patterns in a large, representative panel of Ugandan
 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) between 2002 and 2008. It finds no
 evidence that more effective or more altruistic NGOs have a greater
 likelihood of survival. The main determinant of survival appears to be
 access to grants, and NGOs without grants struggle to survive. An
 investigation of the grant allocation mechanism suggests that
 effectiveness does not increase an NGO's likelihood of receiving a grant.
 Grant allocation appears to be neither fair nor effective, but rather to
 be awarded on the basis of habit rather than merit: once a grant has been
 allocated there is a strong tendency for it to persist. The odds are
 stacked against small NGOs that have not previously received grants. A
 picture emerges of two parallel NGO worlds: one where revenues are small,
 variable and hard to come by and survival is not very likely, and the
 other where revenues are high, more stable and more accessible and
 survival is more likely. The study suggests it may be difficult for an NGO
 to move from the former to the latter. 	 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1284-1298 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.754430 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2012.754430 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathias Czaika 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Czaika 
Author-Name: John Spray 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spray 
Title: Drivers and Dynamics of Internal and International Remittances 
Abstract:
	      		  This article analyses
 whether and how intra-household remittance volumes vary with the length of
 a migrant's absence, and whether the drivers and dynamics of remittance
 decay depend on the migrant's destination. We address these questions by
 using data from the 64th round of the Indian National Sample Survey,
 conducted between July 2007 and June 2008. We find that the average
 intra-household remittance function follows a curvilinear trajectory that
 is best approximated by a quartic (M-shaped) specification. The volatility
 of intra-household remittances is distinct across migration destinations,
 with international remittance flows being more volatile than internal
 intra-state or inter-state flows.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1299-1315 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.800861 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.800861 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandan Sapkota 
Author-X-Name-First: Chandan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sapkota 
Title: Remittances in Nepal: Boon or Bane? 
Abstract:
	      		  Nepal is one of the
 highest recipients of remittances (percentage of GDP) in the world. For a
 small land-locked economy battered by a decade-long Maoist insurgency
 (1996--2006), prolonged political instability, slow growth rate and large
 exodus of youths for employment overseas, high inflow of remittances bears
 a huge significance both at micro and macro levels. Exploring various
 facets of high migration and remittances, this article shows
 remittance-induced Dutch disease effects and policy laxity to improve
 investment climate in Nepal. Since it is costly to sterilise the impact of
 remittances each year, it might be prudent to learn to live with it and
 gradually channel remittances to productive usages with a goal to boost
 productivity.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1316-1331 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812196 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812196 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Abdul Munim Joarder 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Abdul Munim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joarder 
Author-Name: Paul W. Miller 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller 
Title: A Theoretical Perspective on Human Trafficking and Migration-Debt Contracts 
Abstract:
	      This article develops an economic model of human trafficking
 and migration-debt contracts. A key feature of the theoretical model is
 the payment of additional sums beyond the initial contracted price to
 alter the trafficker's queue order. These bribes are shown to be related
 to the level of effort applied by the trafficker. The types of data needed
 to rigorously test the model are discussed, together with policy
 implications.		
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1332-1343 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812195 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812195 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rogan 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogan 
Title: Alternative Definitions of Headship and the 'Feminisation' of Income Poverty in Post-Apartheid South Africa 
Abstract:
	      		  In measuring gender
 differences in the risk of income poverty, many studies use female
 headship as a proxy for gender. However, a number of well-documented
 concerns with the use of self-reported headship as an analytical category
 have suggested that headship is often a relatively blunt unit of analysis.
 Against the backdrop of a large and growing difference in income poverty
 rates between self-reported female- and male-headed households in
 post-apartheid South Africa, this study considers several alternative
 definitions of headship that have been proposed in the development
 literature. The findings suggest that there is an association between
 self-reported female headship and a female household member being
 identified as the main breadwinner. However, the conventional definition
 of headship is likely to underestimate the growing risk of income poverty
 in female-headed households (relative to male-headed households) compared
 with several alternative definitions. The findings also suggest that
 alternative definitions of female headship may be more appropriate given
 the narrow way in which the household is defined in most national surveys.
 The article concludes with a discussion of the methodological and policy
 implications for alternative headship based studies of poverty.	  
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1344-1357 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812199 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812199 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milu Muyanga 
Author-X-Name-First: Milu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muyanga 
Author-Name: T. S. Jayne 
Author-X-Name-First: T. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayne 
Author-Name: William J. Burke 
Author-X-Name-First: William J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burke 
Title: Pathways into and out of Poverty: A Study of Rural Household Wealth Dynamics in Kenya 
Abstract:
	      This study identifies the factors associated with smallholder
 farm households that have risen out of poverty or descended into poverty
 between 1997 and 2007 in Kenya. The study uses data from a nationwide
 balanced panel of 1,275 households and data from detailed retrospective
 'life history' survey of 84 households that had experienced either an
 appreciable improvement or decline in their asset wealth over the 10-year
 panel period. The results indicate that household welfare dynamics are
 associated with a disparate set of idiosyncratic and unexpected shocks,
 such as death and chronic illness, demographic factors, proximity to
 infrastructural facilities, as well as intergenerational wealth transfers. 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1358-1374 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812197 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812197 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorge Valero-Gil 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valero-Gil 
Author-Name: Magali Valero 
Author-X-Name-First: Magali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valero 
Title: Nutritional Intake and Poverty in Mexico: 1984--2010 
Abstract:
	      		  Using nutritional
 information of food items acquired by each household, we evaluate how
 Mexico's nutritional deficiency (calorie and protein) has changed over
 time. Our extensive dataset combines household surveys from 1984, 1989,
 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. We find per capita calorie
 intake has decreased over time for both urban and rural households. The
 pattern is similar to the case of India, where a decline in calorie intake
 between 1983 and 2005 has been documented. In both urban and rural areas,
 nutritional deficiency is increasing over time. Unlike the case of India,
 we find strong declines in calorie intake for the bottom expenditure
 quartile of the population. We find that increased prices of nutrients can
 only partly explain the calorie and protein intake drop.	   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1375-1396 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812198 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812198 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seth R. Gitter 
Author-X-Name-First: Seth R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gitter 
Author-Name: James Manley 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manley 
Author-Name: Bradford L. Barham 
Author-X-Name-First: Bradford L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barham 
Title: Early-Childhood Nutrition and Educational Conditional Cash Transfer Programmes 
Abstract:
	      Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes have been linked
 to improvements in education, but effects on nutritional status are
 unclear. We develop a theoretical household model demonstrating how CCTs'
 educational requirements may constrain households to shift resources from
 younger to older children to sustain school attendance. This could limit
 households' capacity to invest in young children's nutritional status,
 particularly given a negative income shock. In a Nicaraguan pilot CCT,
 recipients' consumption and nutritional status increased on average, but
 less in households with school-age children. Effects are stronger in
 communities dealt an exogenous income shock.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1397-1411 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812200 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812200 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew L. Dabalen 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabalen 
Author-Name: Saumik Paul 
Author-X-Name-First: Saumik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paul 
Title: Recovering Comparable Poverty Estimates in C&ocirc;te d'Ivoire 
Abstract:
	      Recent studies on C&ocirc;te d'Ivoire show a four-fold
 increase in poverty rates between 1985 and 2008. However, multiple
 revisions in the survey design questions the validity of the Ivorian
 poverty trend. In this paper, we follow two simple steps to recover the
 comparable poverty trend. First, we construct a common consumption basket
 over time. Second, we follow a two-stage method of moments framework
 (Tarozzi, 2007) to re-estimate poverty headcounts. On average, the
 adjusted trend shows a two percentage point difference in poverty rates
 from 1985 to 2008. A number of robustness checks provide robust support to
 this revised poverty trend.	      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1412-1426 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790959 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790959 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magda Tsaneva 
Author-X-Name-First: Magda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsaneva 
Title: The Effect of Risk Preferences on Household Use of Water Treatment 
Abstract:
	      		  This paper uses Mexican
 household data on water treatment to provide empirical evidence on the
 relationship between risk preferences and use of preventive health
 measures. The main finding is that in households with children, more
 risk-averse mothers are more likely to treat the water the household
 consumes. This result suggests that while households may face external
 constraints on their behaviour, personal preferences are also determinants
 of their choices.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1427-1435 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.790960 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.790960 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasser Moullan 
Author-X-Name-First: Yasser 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moullan 
Title: Can Foreign Health Assistance Reduce the Medical Brain Drain? 
Abstract:
	      In this article, we analyse the impact of foreign health aid
 on the emigration rates of physicians. The analysis is based on a dataset
 of physician emigration rates from 50 source countries between 1998 and
 2004. First, we investigate the direct impact of health assistance using
 the generalised method of moments estimation, and we highlight the
 significant negative effect of foreign health assistance on the medical
 brain drain. Second, we show that this effect results more from technical
 assistance than from financial assistance. Finally, the robustness of our
 analysis is verified to confirm the validity of the results.	       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1436-1452 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.794261 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.794261 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Tyler Dickovick 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Tyler 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickovick 
Author-Name: Kent H. Eaton 
Author-X-Name-First: Kent H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eaton 
Title: Latin America's Resurgent Centre: National Government Strategies after Decentralisation 
Abstract:
				 This article identifies the 'menu of
 options' available to national governments as they seek to re-assert the
 centre's prerogatives in the aftermath of decentralisation. These include
 policy strategies, bureaucratic strategies, institutional strategies and
 societal strategies, each of which has afforded opportunities for the
 centre to reclaim the role of protagonist that it lost as a result of
 decentralisation. Illustrated through the use of examples from across
 Latin America, our survey of these options shows that, short of outright
 recentralisation, national politicians and bureaucrats have been highly
 creative in their search for strategies to re-centre politics. 	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1453-1466 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.797073 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.797073 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Berhanu Abegaz 
Author-X-Name-First: Berhanu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abegaz 
Title: Political Parties in Business: Rent Seekers, Developmentalists, or Both? 
Abstract:
				 Ruling party-owned conglomerates (Parbus)
 are emerging in some post-conflict African economies following state
 capture by ethnic parties. We offer an analytical framework, buttressed by
 four country case studies of 'developmental ethnocracies' in Africa and
 Asia to identify when Parbus dominance can be redistributive
 wealth-seeking and when wealth-creating. Four regime characteristics
 underpin the prospects for wealth creation over rent-seeking: legitimation
 angst, organisational capacity, ideology, and degree of state
 centralisation. Three evolutionary paths (perhaps stages) suggest
 themselves: paragonist that is inclusive and growth friendly, parasitic
 engendering a poverty-tyranny trap and mutualist exemplified by a
 destabilising contest among party, state and private interests.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1467-1483 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.822070 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.822070 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathryn Hochstetler 
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hochstetler 
Author-Name: Alfred P. Montero 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montero 
Title: The Renewed Developmental State: The National Development Bank and the Brazil Model 
Abstract:
				 This study examines how Brazil
 operationalised a renewed developmentalist project during the democratic
 period, and especially during the presidency of Lula da Silva. We use an
 original data set of 2,115 loans made by the Brazilian National
 Development Bank (BNDES) between 2002 and 2011 to show elements of both
 change and continuity with Brazil's developmentalist past. Large loans
 continued to flow to many of Brazil's historic large firms and industrial
 sectors - as reported widely - but the data also show significant numbers
 of smaller loans to firms in all sectors, as well as renewed support for
 internationalisation and innovation. We conclude that BNDES's lending
 reflects less a wholly new model of developmentalism than it does a
 developmentalist strategy that has been renewed and updated for the
 challenges and opportunities of a more market-oriented economy.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1484-1499 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.807503 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.807503 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Langbein 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Langbein 
Author-Name: Pablo Sanabria 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanabria 
Title: The Shape of Corruption: Colombia as a Case Study 
Abstract:
				 We examine the shape of corruption within
 a country characterised by stable democracy and thriving legal and illegal
 markets: Colombia. We look at whether city officials solicit an extra
 payment when citizens seek to use public services. Using individual level
 data on bribe requests in 55 cities from 2004-2011, we find that the level
 of corruption is stable, but varies widely within Colombia. Our results
 suggest that corruption is stable at different levels in some Colombian
 cities, along with evidence of recent decreases in many, and increases in
 some, cities. Further research is necessary to explain this within-country
 variation.			    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1500-1513 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.800858 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.800858 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Voigt 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Voigt 
Author-Name: Sang-min Park 
Author-X-Name-First: Sang-min 
Author-X-Name-Last: Park 
Title: Arbitration is No Substitute for State Courts 
Abstract:
				 It is often conjectured that non-state
 dispute resolution blossoms when state courts are not independent or are
 perceived as low quality. This conjecture implies a substitutive
 relationship between state and non-state dispute resolution. This is the
 first study that puts these hypotheses to an empirical test. We estimate a
 multilevel model based on more than 10,000 surveyed firms in some 50
 countries. We find that perceived quality of state courts and the
 frequency with which firms resort to non-state dispute resolution are
 positively correlated and that, hence, state courts and non-state dispute
 resolution are complements, rather than substitutes. The hope of some
 policy-makers that development can be spurred by improving the conditions
 for non-state dispute resolution thus appears to be in vain.		    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1514-1531 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.794262 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.794262 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathew Kurian 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurian 
Author-Name: Ton Dietz 
Author-X-Name-First: Ton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dietz 
Title: Leadership on the Commons: Wealth Distribution, Co-provision and Service Delivery 
Abstract:
				 There has been a long running debate among
 public choice theorists on the effects of heterogeneity on collective
 action. Our longitudinal study leads us to conclude that collective action
 outcomes are shaped not simply by the attributes of heterogeneity
 themselves but by the processes by which those attributes interact
 over-time with the bio-physical and institutional environment. From a
 methodological point of view how one integrates conceptualization of forms
 of heterogeneity with recognition of their axis of influence; themselves
 dependent upon attributes of field-level situations is crucial for
 analysis of collective action. These findings have public policy
 implications for targeting of poor and non-poor resource users and
 management of environmental feedback loops.		       
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1532-1547 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.822068 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.822068 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnab Mukherji 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnab 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherji 
Title: Evidence on Community-Driven Development from an Indian Village 
Abstract:
				 This article examines the functioning of a
 community-driven development (CDD) project that, unlike most CDDs, was set
 in a homogeneous community, consisted of simple tasks, had a year-long
 pre-intervention planning period, and maintained records of its decisions.
 To identify the impacts of the intervention on agricultural outcomes, and
 on strategies to manage risk, we use a semi-parametric
 difference-in-difference model that collected retrospective panel data on
 programme participants and non-participants over multiple seasons. Our
 findings suggest that the CDD project led to greater exposure to risk and
 no gains in productivity for the community.			     
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1548-1563 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.800859 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.800859 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Wangel 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wangel 
Author-Name: Hans Blomkvist 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blomkvist 
Title: Rural Forest Management in Sierra Leone: The Role of Economic (In)Equality in Facilitating Collective Action 
Abstract:
				 While significant theoretical developments
 have been made in the research on common pool resources, heterogeneity
 remains a contested issue. Focusing on economic inequality, one particular
 aspect of heterogeneity, we examine its impact in facilitating cooperation
 in two rural forest communities in Sierra Leone. The findings reinforce
 prevalent ambiguities in the literature: in the context of economic
 inequality cooperation was thriving, while in the setting of uniform
 poverty cooperation was largely absent. Though further research is
 imperative, the key recommendation is that policies directed towards rural
 communities should take into account their ability to craft robust
 self-governing systems.		       
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1564-1578 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.800860 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.800860 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katia Balassiano 
Author-X-Name-First: Katia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balassiano 
Author-Name: Asha Rathina Pandi 
Author-X-Name-First: Asha Rathina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandi 
Title: Civic Space and Political Mobilisation: Cases in Malaysia and Thailand 
Abstract:
				 Civil society flourishes under conditions
 that include freedoms of speech and assembly. But what happens when those
 conditions are lacking? This article explores cases in Malaysia and
 Thailand where freedoms are limited, but where political unrest regularly
 challenges the state. Appropriated physical and virtual spaces where
 deliberative interactions may occur become key drivers in such
 environments. Our research reveals that while civil society exists in
 Malaysia and Thailand, without codified freedoms and physical spaces for
 deliberative interactions, civil society flourishes during tumultuous
 times but flounders after its immediate goals are achieved.		    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1579-1591 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.828834 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.828834 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sneha Lamba 
Author-X-Name-First: Sneha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamba 
Author-Name: Dean Spears 
Author-X-Name-First: Dean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spears 
Title: Caste, 'Cleanliness' and Cash: Effects of Caste-Based Political Reservations in Rajasthan on a Sanitation Prize 
Abstract:
				 Even compared with neighbouring countries,
 latrine use is especially uncommon in India. How might caste -
 historically associated with sanitation inequality - interact with
 government sanitation policy? Using data from Rajasthan state, we
 investigate the effect of caste-based reservations for village chairmen
 elected in 2005 on the likelihood of winning the government's Clean
 Village Prize by mid 2012. This prize is a large cash award for villages
 in which open defecation has been eliminated; thus it is intended to be a
 prize for both latrine construction and use. Villages randomly assigned to
 a Scheduled (low-ranking) Caste chairman are less likely to win the prize. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1592-1606 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.828835 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.828835 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Camfield 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camfield 
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones 
Title: Three 'Rs' of Econometrics: Repetition, Reproduction and Replication 
Abstract:
				 Development economics has become
 increasingly quantified in recent years, reflecting the aspirations of
 economists to practise hard science. We argue that standard applied
 econometric methodology lacks one key feature of the claim of science to
 be scientific, namely replication as part of independent confirmation of
 findings. Replication plays a large role in understanding the confidence
 we can place in the quantitative studies on which much policy advice
 rests, which is particularly salient in a UK context given the emphasis
 placed on evidence-based policy-making by the UK Department for
 International Development.		     
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1607-1614 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.807504 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.807504 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham A. Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Title: Replicating Sachs and Warner's Working Papers on the Resource Curse 
Abstract:
				 This article
 reports on my attempt to replicate Sachs and Warner's 1995 and 1997
 resource curse working papers. The 1995 paper is not replicable for lack
 of a data archive. Pure replication of the 1997 paper is achieved.
 Statistical replication determines that the proposed institutional causes
 of the resource curse are not robust to country sample. Scientific
 replication shows that findings of a resource curse are not sensitive to
 different measures of resource intensiveness, though they are sensitive to
 estimation technique. Typographical errors in the published paper reveal
 the value of researchers making both their data and code available.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1615-1630 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.807501 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.807501 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vegard Iversen 
Author-X-Name-First: Vegard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen 
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones 
Author-Name: Kunal Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen 
Title: On the Colonial Origins of Agricultural Development in India: A Re-examination of Banerjee and Iyer, 'History, Institutions and Economic Performance' 
Abstract:
				 Banerjee and Iyer
 find that districts which the British assigned to landlord revenue systems
 systematically underperform districts with non-landlord based revenue
 systems in agricultural performance, after the onset of the Green
 Revolution in the mid-1960s. Based on colonial documents, archival
 research and the work of historians, we correct a mis-interpretation of
 the land revenue system in Central Provinces, which BI characterise as
 landlord based. The historical evidence suggests that this region should
 be attributed to a mixed landlord/non-landlord based revenue system. Using
 a more appropriate classification, we find no evidence that agricultural
 performance of Indian districts in the post-independence period was
 adversely affected by the landlord land revenue system.		  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1631-1646 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.807502 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.807502 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abhijit Banerjee 
Author-X-Name-First: Abhijit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee 
Author-Name: Lakshmi Iyer 
Author-X-Name-First: Lakshmi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iyer 
Title: Response to 'A Re-Examination of Banerjee and Iyer' by Iversen, Palmer-Jones and Sen 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1647-1650 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.810850 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.810850 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cesar Revoredo-Giha 
Author-X-Name-First: Cesar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Revoredo-Giha 
Author-Name: George Philippidis 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Philippidis 
Author-Name: Luiza Toma 
Author-X-Name-First: Luiza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toma 
Author-Name: Alan Renwick 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Renwick 
Title: The Impact of EU Export Refunds on the African Continent: An Impact Assessment 
Abstract:
				 The EU's export
 refund policy has long been a source of controversy for its perceived
 impacts on third country markets. However, the EU Commission maintain that
 these concerns are largely historic as CAP reforms mean that export
 refunds are now used infrequently. The purpose of this article is
 therefore to assess the impacts of refunds in the wake of the 2003 reform
 of the CAP using two complementary analyses: first, an analysis using a
 computable general equilibrium model and second, two case studies to
 assess the potential impact of export refunds in selected African
 developing countries.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1651-1675 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.807500 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.807500 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon 
Author-Name: Pramila Krishnan 
Author-X-Name-First: Pramila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan 
Author-Name: Sofya Krutikova 
Author-X-Name-First: Sofya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krutikova 
Title: Changing Living Standards in Southern Indian Villages 1975--2006: Revisiting the ICRISAT Village Level Studies 
Abstract:
				 We study changes in
 living conditions using longitudinal data covering 30 years in six
 villages in Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra, initially surveyed during
 1975--1984, and resurveyed in recent years, as part of the ICRISAT Village
 Level Studies. Monetary welfare indicators (such as incomes, assets,
 consumption and poverty) and non-monetary indicators of well-being (such
 as basic literacy, education, health and subjective well-being) have
 improved considerably. Consumption growth is linked to literacy and
 education at baseline. Other assets, such as land, have a neglible impact,
 suggesting that labour and human capital have been instrumental for growth
 in these villages.Change involved a large increase in various off-farm
 activities.		      
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1676-1693 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.819423 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.819423 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huu Chi Nguyen 
Author-X-Name-First: Huu Chi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen 
Author-Name: Christophe J. Nordman 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordman 
Author-Name: Fran�ois Roubaud 
Author-X-Name-First: Fran�ois 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roubaud 
Title: Who Suffers the Penalty?: A Panel Data Analysis of Earnings Gaps in Vietnam 
Abstract:
				 In spite of its
 predominant economic weight in developing countries, little is known about
 the informal sector earnings structure compared to that of the formal
 sector. Taking advantage of the rich VHLSS dataset in Vietnam, in
 particular its three wave panel data (2002, 2004, 2006), we assess the
 magnitude of various formal--informal earnings gaps while addressing
 heterogeneity at three different levels: the worker, the job (wage
 employment vs. self-employment) and the earnings distribution. We estimate
 fixed effects and quantile regressions to control for unobserved
 individual characteristics. Our results suggest that the informal sector
 earnings gap highly depends on the workers' job status and on their
 relative position in the earnings distribution. Penalties may in some
 cases turn into premiums. By comparing our results with studies in other
 developing countries, we draw conclusions highlighting Vietnam's labour
 market specificity.			
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1694-1710 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.822069 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.822069 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah L. McKune 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKune 
Author-Name: Julie A. Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Title: Pastoralists under Pressure: Double Exposure to Economic and Environmental Change in Niger 
Abstract:
				 Interdisciplinary science benefits from
 frameworks that bridge different perspectives and methodological
 approaches in order to understand and solve complex problems. This article
 applies the double exposure framework to analyse how economic and
 environmental change drives recent political instability and food crises
 in Niger and the resultant implications for the food security of pastoral
 populations. Findings illustrate how processes of global change are
 undermining the historic resilience of pastoral communities within the
 region. Community and regional responses to new and unfamiliar conditions
 have resulted in heighted political instability that limits pastoralists'
 ability to cope with future shocks.			 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1711-1727 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.822067 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.822067 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio Tezanos V�zquez 
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tezanos V�zquez 
Author-Name: Andy Sumner 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sumner 
Title: Revisiting the Meaning of Development: A Multidimensional Taxonomy of Developing Countries 
Abstract:
				 Many have challenged the use of income per
 capita as the primary proxy for measuring development since Seers's
 seminal works. This article continues this tradition with a more recent
 twist. We use cluster analysis to build a multidimensional taxonomy of
 developing countries using a set of indicators covering four conceptual
 frames on 'development'. The value-added of the article is not to suggest
 that our classification is the end in itself, but -- more modestly -- to
 demonstrate that more work on taxonomies is required in light of the
 weakness of classifications based solely on income and the changing
 distribution of global poverty.		       
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1728-1745 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.822071 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.822071 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Van de Sijpe 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van de Sijpe 
Title: The Fungibility of Health Aid Reconsidered 
Abstract:
				 This article draws
 further attention to the importance of taking into account off-budget aid
 when estimating the degree of foreign aid fungibility. It does so by
 re-evaluating the results of a recent, influential paper which concluded
 that health aid is fully fungible in the long run. Allowing for the
 presence of off-budget aid indicates that the degree of fungibility of
 health aid is much more uncertain than at first blush appears. Under
 plausible assumptions about the role of off-budget aid, the conclusion of
 full fungibility is overturned and at most only a limited degree of
 fungibility is found.			 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1746-1754 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.819424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.819424 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph L. Dieleman 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dieleman 
Author-Name: Casey M. Graves 
Author-X-Name-First: Casey M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Graves 
Author-Name: Michael Hanlon 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon 
Title: The Fungibility of Health Aid: Reconsidering the Reconsidered 
Abstract:
				 Lu et al. found
 that health aid displaces domestically-raised government health
 expenditure, which renders health aid at least partially fungible. These
 findings are questioned in <italic>The Fungibility of Health Aid
 Reconsidered</italic>. Van de Sijpe's emphasis on disaggregating on- and
 off-budget aid is a valid contribution, although his empirical conclusions
 are overstated. We re-evaluate the data he criticises and find they
 sufficiently capture on-budget aid. To re-measure health aid fungibility,
 we update the Lu et al data, adding 23 countries and four years of data.
 Despite the confidence we have in these data, we employ two estimation
 specifications, each of which addresses the measurement error discussed by
 Van de Sijpe. The extended data and alternative methods show that
 development assistance for health channelled to governments remains
 significantly fungible.		     
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1755-1762 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.844921 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.844921 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Van de Sijpe 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van de Sijpe 
Title: The Fungibility of Health Aid Reconsidered: A Rejoinder 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1763-1764 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.844924 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.844924 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lipton 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton 
Title: Africa's National-accounts Mess-super-1 				 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1765-1771 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09662839.2013.822668 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09662839.2013.822668 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justice Nyigmah Bawole 
Author-X-Name-First: Justice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyigmah Bawole 
Title: Pentecostalism and Development: Churches, NGOs and Social Change in Africa 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1772-1773 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812413 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812413 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louise Mubanda Rasmussen 
Author-X-Name-First: Louise Mubanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rasmussen 
Title: Celebrity Humanitarianism: The Ideology of Global Charity 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1773-1774 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.812419 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.812419 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Astorga Junquera 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo Astorga 
Author-X-Name-Last: Junquera 
Title: The History of Economic Development in Latin America since Independence 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1774-1776 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.818752 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.818752 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dennis A. V. Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis A. V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: The Under Achieving Society: Development Strategy and Policy in Trinidad and Tobago 1958--2008 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1778-1779 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.818753 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.818753 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Cunha Neves 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Cunha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neves 
Author-Name: Sandra Maria Tavares Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Maria Tavares 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Title: Inequality and Growth: Uncovering the Main Conclusions from the Empirics 
Abstract:
 This paper is a critical survey of the empirical literature on the effects
 of inequality on economic growth. We conclude that it is most likely that
 the disparities found in the results are due to differences in the type of
 countries and time periods included in the samples, the variable used to
 measure inequality, the structure of the data, and the estimation
 techniques. These findings suggest that the mechanisms that link
 inequality to growth are likely to operate differently in different
 circumstances, an element that may offer important guidelines for both
 policy makers and researchers.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-21 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.841885 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.841885 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura El-Katiri 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Katiri 
Title: The Guardian State and its Economic Development Model 
Abstract:
 This article outlines the core features of a particular, resource-led
 development model, the oil-rich guardian state. Its key distinguishing
 feature from other resource-rich economies consists in its strong economic
 welfare objective function, which in line with its exceptional oil wealth
 renders its population amongst the wealthiest nations in the world.
 However, the guardian state also illustrates some of the negative
 externalities associated with resource wealth, namely the policy dilemma
 of directing seemingly abundant financial resources into the economy. The
 state faces a high propensity for waste, and for the systemic dilution of
 market incentives, thereby rendering sustained and self-generating
 economic growth more difficult than in less resource-rich economies.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 22-34 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.849340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.849340 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alasdair Cohen 
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen 
Author-Name: Michaela Saisana 
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saisana 
Title: Quantifying the Qualitative: Eliciting Expert Input to Develop the Multidimensional Poverty Assessment Tool 
Abstract:
 This article discusses the participatory creation of the Multidimensional
 Poverty Assessment Tool (MPAT), a survey-based thematic indicator
 developed in China and India. The core of the article focuses on the use
 of expert elicitation to inform the construction of MPAT's household and
 village surveys, the cardinalisation of survey responses, and the
 weighting scheme design. This is followed by a discussion of the potential
 pitfalls of expertise in development, the decision not to aggregate MPAT
 into an index, creating locally relevant poverty lines, and ideas for
 future research. The article closes with a summary of lessons learned.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 35-50 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.849336 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.849336 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:35-50




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Basedau 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Basedau 
Author-Name: Annegret M�hler 
Author-X-Name-First: Annegret 
Author-X-Name-Last: M�hler 
Author-Name: Miriam Shabafrouz 
Author-X-Name-First: Miriam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shabafrouz 
Title: Drilling Deeper: A Systematic, Context-Sensitive Investigation of Causal Mechanisms in the Oil-Conflict Link 
Abstract:
 This article employs an innovative methodology to study causal mechanisms
 in the oil-conflict link by combining a systematic approach with taking
 into account country details. Engaging in a deductive test of causal
 mechanisms in a controlled comparison of four major oil exporters, results
 show that no oil-related causal mechanism can fully explain the
 differences in violence. A more inductive analysis complemented by process
 tracing suggests a more comprehensive mechanism: oil contributes to the
 formation of opposition through grievances. Levels of violence, however,
 vary largely according to non-oil conditions - particularly the
 cohesiveness of opposition and the reaction of government to challengers.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 51-63 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.849338 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.849338 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:51-63




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raj M. Desai 
Author-X-Name-First: Raj M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Desai 
Author-Name: Shareen Joshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Shareen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi 
Title: Can Producer Associations Improve Rural Livelihoods? Evidence from Farmer Centres in India 
Abstract:
 <title><sc>Abstract</sc></title>Rural producer associations are considered
 a potential community-driven solution to the problems of smallholder
 agriculture. This article evaluates the impact of organising female
 farmers into producer associations in Gujarat, India. The initiative
 provided training, information, access to inputs, risk mitigation, and
 market linkages. Over 18 months, the programme weakly increased members'
 non-farm income and access to output markets. It had stronger impacts on
 members' awareness and utilisation of financial services. Impacts were
 heterogeneous, varying by pre-existing socioeconomic conditions. These
 findings suggest that producer associations can lower transaction costs
 for smallholders, but that poverty alleviation may be a longer-term
 prospect.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 64-80 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.849339 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.849339 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:64-80




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: John Rand 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rand 
Title: The Myth of Female Credit Discrimination in African Manufacturing 
Abstract:
 We examine credit constraint differentials between male and female
 manufacturing entrepreneurs using firm data from 16 sub-Saharan Africa
 countries. Small enterprises owned by female entrepreneurs are less likely
 to be credit constrained compared to their male counterparts, while this
 is reversed for medium-sized enterprises. A generalised Oaxaca-Blinder
 decomposition shows that the gap is predominantly a pure gender effect. We
 argue that this finding is mainly due to female favouritism in loans to
 micro and small firms because the gap is reversed for medium-sized
 enterprises and because we find no sign of superior female entrepreneurial
 performance in observable indicators.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 81-96 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.849337 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.849337 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:81-96




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janine Aron 
Author-X-Name-First: Janine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aron 
Title: Introduction to a Special Section on 'Exchange Rate Pass-through in Developing and Emerging Markets' 
Abstract:
 The interest in exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) in emerging market and
 developing economies has burgeoned in the last two decades. Small, open
 and trade-dependent economies embody special features that can make it
 difficult to obtain reliable estimates of ERPT. This Special Section
 includes a survey of recent research in developing and emerging market
 countries on ERPT, focusing on the monetary policy relevance of ERPT.The
 frequent misspecifications that produce unreliable ERPT estimates are
 highlighted. Many empirical issues raised in the survey are illustrated by
 the macro- and the micro-economic empirical studies on South Africa (SA)
 included in this Special Section, and an earlier published JDS paper on
 ERPT in SA.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 97-100 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.847177 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.847177 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:97-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janine Aron 
Author-X-Name-First: Janine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aron 
Author-Name: Ronald Macdonald 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Macdonald 
Author-Name: John Muellbauer 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muellbauer 
Title: Exchange Rate Pass-Through in Developing and Emerging Markets: A Survey of Conceptual, Methodological and Policy Issues, and Selected Empirical Findings 
Abstract:
 Global integration has increased the international linkages of financial
 markets for emerging market countries. A key channel for the international
 transmission of inflation and economic cycles is from exchange rate
 movements to domestic prices, known as exchange rate pass-through (ERPT).
 This article reviews the conceptual, methodological and policy issues
 connected with ERPT in emerging market and developing countries, and
 critically surveys selected empirical studies. A key contribution is to
 categorise and compare the heterogeneous methodologies used to extract
 ERPT measures in the empirical literature. Single equation models and
 systems methods are contrasted; frequent misspecifications that produce
 unreliable ERPT estimates are highlighted. The discerning policy-maker
 needs to ascertain by which methods ERPT measures were calculated, the
 controls and restrictions applied, and the time frame and stability of the
 estimates.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 101-143 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.847180 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.847180 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:101-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janine Aron 
Author-X-Name-First: Janine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aron 
Author-Name: Greg Farrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Farrell 
Author-Name: John Muellbauer 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muellbauer 
Author-Name: Peter Sinclair 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinclair 
Title: Exchange Rate Pass-through to Import Prices, and Monetary Policy in South Africa 
Abstract:
 Understanding how import prices adjust to exchange rates helps anticipate
 inflation effects and monetary policy responses. This article examines
 exchange rate pass-through to the monthly import price index in South
 Africa during 1980-2009. Short-horizon pass-through estimates are
 calculated using both single equation equilibrium correction models and
 systems (Johansen) models, controlling for both domestic and foreign
 costs. Average pass-through is incomplete at about 50 per cent within a
 year and 30 per cent in six months, and in the long-run, from the Johansen
 analysis including feedback effects, is about 55 per cent. There is
 evidence of slower pass-through under inflation targeting; pass-through is
 found to decline with recent exchange rate volatility and there is
 evidence for asymmetry, with greater pass-through occurring for small
 appreciations.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 144-164 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.847179 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.847179 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:144-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janine Aron 
Author-X-Name-First: Janine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aron 
Author-Name: Kenneth Creamer 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Creamer 
Author-Name: John Muellbauer 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muellbauer 
Author-Name: Neil Rankin 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rankin 
Title: Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Consumer Prices in South Africa: Evidence from Micro-Data 
Abstract:
 A sizeable literature examines exchange rate pass-through to disaggregated
 import prices, but few micro-studies focus on consumer prices. This
 article explores exchange rate pass-through to consumer prices in South
 Africa, for 2002-2007, using a unique data set of highly disaggregated
 data at the product and outlet level. The empirical approach allows
 pass-through to be calculated over various horizons for different goods
 and services. The heterogeneity of pass-through for food sub-components is
 considerable. Switches between import and export parity pricing of maize
 are found significant for five out of ten food sub-components. Using
 actual weights from the CPI basket, overall pass-through to the almost 63
 per cent of the CPI covered is about 30 per cent after two years, and
 higher for food.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 165-185 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.847178 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.847178 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:1:p:165-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Christoffel Schoneveld 
Author-X-Name-First: George Christoffel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schoneveld 
Author-Name: Laura German 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: German 
Title: Translating Legal Rights into Tenure Security: Lessons from the New Commercial Pressures on Land in Ghana 
Abstract:
 Since the confluence of the food and oil price crises of the mid 2000s,
 Ghana has become a prime destination for large-scale farmland investments.
 While this trend could make valuable contributions to an ailing
 agricultural sector, the alienation of rural land for commercial ends
 could conversely have far-reaching implications for customary land rights.
 Through an analysis of the legislation protecting customary land rights
 and governing such the alienation of those rights and by contrasting this
 with practice, this article highlights some of the fundamental challenges
 in translating legal rights into tenure security in contemporary Ghana. It
 shows that despite the legal recognition of customary land rights, in
 practice customary land users are ultimately responsible for contesting
 infringements upon these rights. With traditional authorities able to
 capture substantial rents from the alienation process and government
 institutions offering scant oversight as a result of fragmented
 responsibilities, capacity constraints, and political disincentive, the
 protection of customary land rights is becoming increasingly contingent on
 community 'capacity to claim'. Since poor access to information,
 unrealistic expectations and deference to traditional authority tends to
 quell disputes over alienation, the limited mechanisms for protecting
 citizen access to resources gives reason to reconsider the importance of
 direct state involvement in the customary land domain.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 187-203 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858129 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858129 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:187-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Mwesigye Tumusiime 
Author-X-Name-First: David Mwesigye 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tumusiime 
Author-Name: Espen Sjaastad 
Author-X-Name-First: Espen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjaastad 
Title: Conservation and Development: Justice, Inequality, and Attitudes around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park 
Abstract:
 Do national parks promote development in their immediate surroundings? And
 is local development instrumental in the success of conservation goals? We
 investigated allocation of opportunities and burdens around a national
 park in Uganda. Our findings suggest that direct benefits from
 conservation and development projects may promote distributional justice
 by compensating for park-related damages, but are too limited in their
 coverage to impact development. Indirect benefits related to
 transportation, health, education, and security affect a far greater
 segment of the population. Furthermore, the benefits of conservation tend
 to increase local economic inequality. Contrasting tendencies in terms of
 distributional justice and economic equality can partly be explained by
 the human geography of national parks and this geography must be taken
 into account if broad development goals are to be achieved. Improved local
 attitudes towards the park seem to have resulted from a complex of effects
 rather than any single development initiative.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 204-225 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.841886 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.841886 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:204-225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ganesh K. Seshan 
Author-X-Name-First: Ganesh K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seshan 
Title: The Impact of Trade Liberalisation on Household Welfare in a Developing Country with Imperfect Labour Markets 
Abstract:
 I develop an empirical methodology to assess the distributional impact of
 trade-induced price shocks when labour markets are imperfect. The proposed
 methodology relates exogenous variations in prices to changes in household
 welfare using a separable agricultural household model that flexibly
 allows the data to determine the degree of labour market imperfections.
 Applying this approach to Vietnam, I investigate the impact of agriculture
 trade liberalisation between 1993 and 1998 on overall household welfare,
 measured using per capita household expenditure. I find that accounting
 for labour market imperfections results in welfare gains that are nearly
 four times larger than those found when assuming complete labour markets.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 226-243 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.833324 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.833324 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:226-243




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Foster-McGregor 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster-McGregor 
Author-Name: Anders Isaksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksson 
Author-Name: Florian Kaulich 
Author-X-Name-First: Florian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaulich 
Title: Outward Foreign Direct Investment, Exporting and Firm-Level Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
 We consider the relationship between how a firm serves foreign markets and
 performance, using survey data on manufacturing and services firms for
 African countries. Results for manufacturing industries indicate a clear
 productivity ordering with firms undertaking outward Foreign Direct
 Investment (FDI) performing best, followed by exporters and domestically
 oriented firms. Results for services firms are more nuanced, indicating
 that while exporters and firms undertaking outward FDI are more productive
 than domestically oriented firms, there is no significant difference in
 productivity between these two types of firms (some evidence suggests that
 the productivity of exporters is larger than that for firms undertaking
 outward FDI).
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 244-257 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.833323 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.833323 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:244-257




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Caracciolo 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caracciolo 
Author-Name: Luigi Cembalo 
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cembalo 
Author-Name: Alessia Lombardi 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lombardi 
Author-Name: Gary Thompson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson 
Title: Distributional Effects of Maize Price Increases in Malawi 
Abstract:
 In the wake of highly volatile world prices of staple commodities, we
 examine the impacts of increases in maize prices on various categories of
 households in Malawi. Using household-level data, changes in household
 income are calculated taking into account the net maize production status
 of the household and food price elasticities estimated from a censored
 demand system. While maize price increases have unequivocal deleterious
 effects on the incomes of urban households, rural households experience
 differential impacts. Net producing households in rural areas benefit from
 price increases with households above the poverty line obtaining
 proportionally higher incomes.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 258-275 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.833319 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.833319 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:258-275




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eliana Zeballos 
Author-X-Name-First: Eliana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeballos 
Author-Name: Alessandra Cassar 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassar 
Author-Name: Bruce Wydick 
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wydick 
Title: Do Risky Microfinance Borrowers Really Invest in Risky Projects? Experimental Evidence from Bolivia 
Abstract:
 This paper reports the results of an experiment testing a fundamental
 assumption in Stiglitz and Weiss' (1981) model of credit rationing: that
 defaulting borrowers are associated with investment in risky projects.
 Through an artefactual field experiment with 200 Bolivian microfinance
 borrowers, we observe that subjects from real-world delinquent borrowing
 groups do not prefer risky projects to safer ones significantly more than
 subjects from repaying groups. Instead, our results support more recent
 behavioural theories of credit market failure. Implications are that
 defaulting microfinance borrowers may be those who take too little
 investment risk rather than those who take too much.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 276-287 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858124 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858124 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:276-287




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo A. Undurraga 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Undurraga 
Author-Name: Ariela Zycherman 
Author-X-Name-First: Ariela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zycherman 
Author-Name: Julie Yiu 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yiu 
Author-Name: Taps Bolivia Study Team 
Author-X-Name-First: Taps 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolivia Study Team 
Author-Name: Ricardo A. Godoy 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godoy 
Title: Savings at the Periphery of Markets: Evidence from Forager-Farmers in the Bolivian Amazon 
Abstract:
 We used survey and ethnographic data to study savings in a highly autarkic
 society of native Amazonians in Bolivia (Tsimane'). We equated savings
 with the amount of maize and rice in storage, area planted with plantains
 and manioc, and number of edible domesticated animals owned by a household
 or an adult. We found no large inter-annual change in savings possibly due
 to low income, impulsivity and a bundle of institutions and norms, such as
 borrowing, theft and reciprocity norms. The bundle attenuates the need for
 household formal savings at the periphery of markets.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 288-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.833322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.833322 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:288-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Sofie Isaksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Sofie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksson 
Author-Name: Andreas Kotsadam 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kotsadam 
Author-Name: M�ns Nerman 
Author-X-Name-First: M�ns 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nerman 
Title: The Gender Gap in African Political Participation: Testing Theories of Individual and Contextual Determinants 
Abstract:
 This article aims to test whether existing theories of what factors
 underlie the gender gap in political participation apply in an African
 context. Empirical estimations drawing on recent data covering over 27,000
 respondents across 20 African emerging democracies suggest that whereas
 several of the investigated factors - structural differences in individual
 resource endowments and employment, and cultural differences based in
 religious affiliations - are found to be important determinants of
 participation, they explain only a very modest share of the observed
 gender gaps. Suggestive evidence instead points to the role of
 clientelism, restricted civil liberties, economic development and gender
 norms.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 302-318 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.833321 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.833321 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:302-318




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chishio Furukawa 
Author-X-Name-First: Chishio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Furukawa 
Title: Do Solar Lamps Help Children Study? Contrary Evidence from a Pilot Study in Uganda 
Abstract:
 Over half a billion children lack adequate lighting and use dim, smoky and
 dangerous kerosene-based lighting for their evening studies. This article
 examines the conventional wisdom that the brighter, clean, safe and
 zero-marginal-cost light of solar lamps enhances children's learning
 outcomes. In a randomised experiment, unexpectedly, solar lamps lowered
 test scores by five points out of 100 (0.25 standard deviation), but
 increased reported study time by approximately 30 minutes per day. This
 may be due to flickering from lack of full charge, lowering their
 productivity. The nationwide learning assessment suggests that solar lamps
 likely have an insignificant effect on educational attainment.
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 319-341 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.833320 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.833320 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:319-341




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairon G. Bastos Lima 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairon G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bastos Lima 
Title: Biofuels and Rural Poverty 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 342-343 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858924 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858924 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:342-343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mekbib G. Haile 
Author-X-Name-First: Mekbib G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haile 
Title: Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and Policy Challenges 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 343-344 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858925 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858925 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:343-344




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sverre Molland 
Author-X-Name-First: Sverre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Molland 
Title: Anthropology and Development: Culture, Morality and Politics in a Globalised World 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 345-346 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866323 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866323 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:345-346




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marianne S. Ulriksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulriksen 
Title: Permanent Emergency Welfare Regimes in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Exclusive Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 346-347 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.874114 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.874114 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:2:p:346-347




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Bellak 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellak 
Author-Name: Markus Leibrecht 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leibrecht 
Author-Name: Mario Liebensteiner 
Author-X-Name-First: Mario 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liebensteiner 
Title: Short-term Labour Migration from the Republic of Armenia to the Russian Federation 
Abstract:
				 We explore the determinants of short-term
 labour migration from Armenia to Russia based on a unique panel dataset. A
 dynamic switching regression model with endogenous switching is applied.
 Our evidence pinpoints migration experience, the expected individual
 income gap from migration, low job opportunities in Armenia and the
 possibility of diversifying income risks as the most important
 determinants. Family ties turn out to be insignificant. The hypothetical
 income gap is about 280 per cent. Several explanations are provided for
 the fact that some individuals do not migrate in spite of a large income
 gap.			 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 349-367 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858125 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858125 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:349-367




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Rigg 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rigg 
Author-Name: Tuan Anh Nguyen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuan Anh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen 
Author-Name: Thi Thu Huong Luong 
Author-X-Name-First: Thi Thu Huong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luong 
Title: The Texture of Livelihoods: Migration and Making a Living in Hanoi 
Abstract:
				 Through the experience of 30 rural
 migrants to Hanoi, this paper reconstructs their livelihood histories,
 linking the experience of our migrant subjects with wider transformations
 in Vietnam's economy and society. We argue for an 'everyday' political
 economy that recognises the fluid connections between the state, society
 and economy, and the individual. While highlighting the indeterminacy and
 contingency of life, we recognise the wider context that contributes to
 the production of the livelihood textures we discern. The characteristic
 livelihood pathways of the migrant households are shown to echo research
 undertaken in rural, often less economically vibrant, contexts.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 368-382 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858130 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858130 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:368-382




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard P.C. Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard P.C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Author-Name: Gareth Leeves 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leeves 
Author-Name: Prabha Prayaga 
Author-X-Name-First: Prabha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prayaga 
Title: Sharing Norm Pressures and Community Remittances: Evidence from a Natural Disaster in the Pacific Islands 
Abstract:
				 Migrants are often subject to social
 pressures to remit beyond their own households, to share the benefits of
 migration with the wider community in their home country; these are
 'community remittances'. We hypothesise that community sharing norm
 pressures are stronger in locations with more extensive home community
 networks. We also postulate that the responsiveness of remittances to
 sharing pressures is subject to diminishing returns, attributable to a
 donor fatigue effect. Using customised survey data from three Polynesian
 migrant groups in metropolitan and regional Australia, we estimate
 double-hurdle regression models of community remittances. To identify the
 effects of sharing norm pressures we exploit an exogenous (cyclone) shock
 to home country incomes affecting one sub-group. We find strong evidence
 in support of the postulated responsiveness of community remittances to
 location-related differences in sharing norm pressures, and the presence
 of a donor fatigue effect. The policy implications are discussed.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 383-398 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858127 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858127 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:383-398




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Abdul Munim Joarder 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Abdul Munim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joarder 
Author-Name: Paul W. Miller 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller 
Title: Empirical Evidence on Human Trafficking and Migration-Debt Contracts in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
				 This article presents an analysis of the
 payments illegal migrants make to traffickers. It covers the total amounts
 of these payments, the incidence of migration-debt (or shared) contracts,
 and the value of the deferred payment component under these shared
 contracts. Data on illegal migrants from three field surveys conducted in
 Bangladesh from April 2009 to November 2010 are used. The results show
 that the total payments made to traffickers vary with easily observed
 characteristics (gender, age, marital status) but do not vary with details
 of the migration process (training provided, time spent in the
 trafficker's queue). These relationships are consistent with exploitation.
 Migration-debt contracts are more prevalent when the costs of illegal
 migration are relatively high, which adds empirical support to theoretical
 models such as Friebel and Guriev (2006). Contrary to existing reports, we
 document variations in fees for illegal passage across individuals.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 399-412 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858128 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858128 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:399-412




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chenggang Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Chenggang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Nicholas Rada 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rada 
Author-Name: Lijian Qin 
Author-X-Name-First: Lijian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qin 
Author-Name: Suwen Pan 
Author-X-Name-First: Suwen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan 
Title: Impacts of Migration on Household Production Choices: Evidence from China 
Abstract:
				 The great migration from Chinese farms to
 cities during the past several decades ranks among the most economically
 consequential of modern population movements. We use a national sample of
 rice-producing Chinese households to examine the effects of that migration
 on agricultural production. Our assessment involves evaluating four
 alternative theories of labour market equilibrium in the framework of an
 expanded agricultural household model. Migration's farm production impacts
 appear to be slight, not on account of farm labour market perfections or
 remittance-financed technological improvements, but by substituting a
 reduction in leisure and other low-return activities for lost labour.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 413-425 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866221 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866221 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:413-425




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilse Ruyssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ilse 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruyssen 
Author-Name: Glenn Rayp 
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rayp 
Title: Determinants of Intraregional Migration in Sub-Saharan Africa 1980-2000 
Abstract:
				 Despite great accomplishments in the
 migration literature, the determinants of South-South migration remain
 poorly understood. In an attempt to fill this gap, this paper formulates
 and tests an empirical model for intraregional migration in sub-Saharan
 Africa within an extended human capital framework, taking into account
 spatial interaction. Using bilateral panel data between 1980 and 2000, we
 find that intraregional migration on the subcontinent is predominantly
 driven by economic opportunities and sociopolitics in the host country,
 facilitated by geographical proximity. The role played by network effects
 and environmental conditions is also apparent. Finally, origin and
 destination spatial dependence should definitely not be ignored.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 426-443 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866218 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866218 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:426-443




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chakra P. Acharya 
Author-X-Name-First: Chakra P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acharya 
Author-Name: Roberto Leon-Gonzalez 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leon-Gonzalez 
Title: How do Migration and Remittances Affect Human Capital Investment? The Effects of Relaxing Information and Liquidity Constraints 
Abstract:
				 This article explores the heterogeneous
 effects of the migration-remittance process on the educational attainment
 of Nepalese children. The results suggest that when controlling for
 remittances, the children of more educated or informed parents suffer from
 parental absence, while the children of less informed parents gain from
 migration, implying that the migration experience helps less educated
 parents estimate the value of and returns to education more precisely. The
 results also suggest that remittances help severely credit-constrained
 households enrol their children in school and prevent dropouts. These
 remittances help households that face less severe liquidity constraints
 increase their investment in quality education.		  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 444-460 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866224 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866224 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:444-460




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Copestake 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Copestake 
Title: The Future of Development: A Radical Manifesto, by Gustavo Esteva 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 461-462 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.891302 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.891302 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:461-462




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P�draig Carmody 
Author-X-Name-First: P�draig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody 
Title: NGOization: Complicity, Contradictions and Prospects, by Aziz Choudry & Dip Kapoor 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 462-463 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.891303 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.891303 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:462-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farhat Tasnim 
Author-X-Name-First: Farhat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasnim 
Title: Bangladesh: Politics, Economy and Civil Society, by David Lewis 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 463-464 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.893678 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.893678 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:3:p:463-464




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rochelle A. Burgess 
Author-X-Name-First: Rochelle A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burgess 
Title: 'It Depends on Them' - Exploring Order and Disjuncture in Responding to the Local Needs of AIDS Affected Communities in the Kingdom of Swaziland 
Abstract:
				 Though the role of global-local
 partnerships in the HIV/AIDS response has been widely advocated, many
 social theorists question their ability to promote sustainable change in
 the lives of everyday communities. This is often related to the distance
 between policy and governance structures, and, the realities of life in
 AIDS affected communities. This article unpacks the specifics of this
 'distance' in the context of the HIV/AIDS response in the Kingdom of
 Swaziland. A framework applies the notions of 'order and disjuncture' to
 structure a discussion of policy documents and a thematic analysis of
 focus group data with participants who 'live' the outputs of policies
 enabled by global-local partnerships. Findings uncover that programming
 and community difficulties emerge around assumptions about responsibility
 (which link back to international discourses on volunteerism) and actual
 requirements for supporting community life in the context of the pandemic. 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 467-480 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858123 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858123 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:467-480




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Shahe Emran 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Shahe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Emran 
Author-Name: Fenohasina Maret-Rakotondrazaka 
Author-X-Name-First: Fenohasina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maret-Rakotondrazaka 
Author-Name: Stephen C. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Education and Freedom of Choice: Evidence from Arranged Marriages in Vietnam 
Abstract:
				 Using household data from Vietnam, we
 provide evidence on the effects of education on freedom of spouse choice.
 We use war disruptions and spatial indicators of schooling supply as
 instruments. The point estimates indicate that a year of additional
 schooling reduces the probability of an arranged marriage by about 14
 percentage points for an individual with eight years of schooling. We also
 estimate bounds on the effect of education on arranged marriage when
 exclusion restrictions are violated locally (the lower bound is six to
 seven percentage points). The impact of education is strong for women, but
 significantly weaker for men.			
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 481-501 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.841884 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.841884 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:481-501




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ho Lun Wong 
Author-X-Name-First: Ho Lun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong 
Author-Name: Yaojiang Shi 
Author-X-Name-First: Yaojiang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi 
Author-Name: Renfu Luo 
Author-X-Name-First: Renfu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo 
Author-Name: Linxiu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Linxiu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle 
Title: Improving the Health and Education of Elementary Schoolchildren in Rural China: Iron Supplementation Versus Nutritional Training for Parents 
Abstract:
				 We report on the results of a randomised
 controlled trial conducted among over 2,000 children in 60 elementary
 schools in rural Shaanxi Province, North-west China. We find that
 providing children with daily iron supplements for six months improved
 children's haemoglobin levels and standardised maths scores. In
 comparison, educating parents about nutrition and anaemia in a special
 parents meeting produced a modest impact on children's haemoglobin levels.
 We also find heterogeneous intervention effects by children's gender,
 anaemia status and boarding status. Overall, iron supplementation is more
 effective. However, given its low cost and simple implementation, parental
 education should still be considered.			    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 502-519 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866223 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866223 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:502-519




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tien Manh Vu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tien Manh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vu 
Title: Are Daughters Always the Losers in the Chore War? Evidence Using Household Data from Vietnam 
Abstract:
				 We examine the gender gap in housework in
 Vietnam among siblings aged less than 18 years. We show daughters
 undertake 5.25 minutes more unpaid housework per day than sons. However,
 the gender gap in housework is negligible for children aged less than 14
 years. A decline in the gender gap at 15 years of age suggests parents
 eventually begin to consider the education of their daughters. Before
 then, however, the gender gap increases with age and can be even greater
 if daughters also engage in paid work. 		     
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 520-529 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.875535 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.875535 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:520-529




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luisa R. Blanco 
Author-X-Name-First: Luisa R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blanco 
Author-Name: Cynthia L. Rogers 
Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogers 
Title: Are Tax Havens Good Neighbours? FDI Spillovers and Developing Countries 
Abstract:
				 This paper investigates the impact of tax
 havens on non-tax haven countries in terms of foreign direct investment
 (FDI). We analyze the importance of agglomeration effects by including FDI
 inflow levels in tax havens and capture geographic spillovers by measuring
 proximity to the nearest tax haven. Our analysis yields several
 interesting findings. First, using panel data for 142 countries, we find
 evidence of positive spillovers from tax havens to nearby developing
 countries, but not to nearby developed countries. Second, restricting our
 panel to developing countries, we find the positive effect of tax haven
 FDI on developing countries to be robust. Third, we find that geographic
 distance matters for financial flows: developing countries which are the
 closest to a nearby tax haven benefit the most in terms of FDI inflows.
 This result is robust to accounting for spatial interdependence of FDI.    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 530-540 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.874557 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.874557 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:530-540




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian von Haldenwang 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: von Haldenwang 
Author-Name: Armin von Schiller 
Author-X-Name-First: Armin 
Author-X-Name-Last: von Schiller 
Author-Name: Melody Garcia 
Author-X-Name-First: Melody 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia 
Title: Tax Collection in Developing Countries - New Evidence on Semi-Autonomous Revenue Agencies (SARAs) 
Abstract:
				 Over the last two decades, semi-autonomous
 revenue agencies (SARAs) have become a key element of public
 administration reform. They are supposed to improve revenue mobilisation
 and stabilise state-taxpayer relations. But do SARAs really outperform
 conventional tax administrations? This article argues that they do.
 Presenting the results of a panel analysis of local tax collection in Peru
 between 1998 and 2011, it shows that municipalities with SARAs collect
 more revenue than those with conventional tax administrations. The results
 also indicate that local revenue is more stable in municipalities with
 SARAs, which is good for budget policy and planning.			 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 541-555 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.875534 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.875534 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:541-555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saeed Solaymani 
Author-X-Name-First: Saeed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Solaymani 
Author-Name: Fatimah Kari 
Author-X-Name-First: Fatimah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kari 
Author-Name: Roza Hazly Zakaria 
Author-X-Name-First: Roza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hazly Zakaria 
Title: Evaluating the Role of Subsidy Reform in Addressing Poverty Levels in Malaysia: A CGE Poverty Framework 
Abstract:
				 Malaysia as one of the top subsidised
 countries around the world has launched to reduce subsidies to capture its
 development goals. This study, therefore, analyses the effects of the
 subsidy reform on the macroeconomic, welfare and poverty levels of
 Malaysia by applying a CGE model. The findings suggest that subsidy
 removal leads to significant falls in both income and consumption of
 rural, urban and non-citizen households, and consequently decreases their
 welfare. However, poverty levels among rural households will most likely
 increase significantly when compared to urban households due to their
 relatively low level of income compared to other groups.		    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 556-569 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.841888 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.841888 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:556-569




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Brass 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brass 
Title: Debating Capitalist Dynamics and Unfree Labour: A Missing Link? 
Abstract:
				 Examined here are recent contributions to
 an important and longstanding debate in political economy, about the link
 between capitalist development and the employment of unfree labour. These
 contributions maintain that, because Marxist theory failed to understand
 the centrality of unfreedom to modern capitalism, a new explanation of
 this link is needed. However, it is argued here that many of these new
 characteristics are in fact no different from those identified earlier by
 Marxist theory. The exclusion of the latter approach from the debate is
 thus unwarranted.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 570-582 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.872775 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.872775 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:570-582




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Roodman 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roodman 
Author-Name: Jonathan Morduch 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morduch 
Title: The Impact of Microcredit on the Poor in Bangladesh: Revisiting the Evidence 
Abstract:
				 We replicate and reanalyse the most
 influential study of microcredit impacts (M. M. Pitt & S. R. Khandker's,
 'The impact of group-based credit on poor households in Bangladesh: Does
 the gender of participants matter?', published in the Journal of Political
 Economy, 106, 1998). That study was celebrated for showing that
 microcredit reduces poverty, a much hoped for possibility (though one not
 confirmed by recent randomised controlled trials). We show that the
 original results on poverty reduction disappear after dropping outliers,
 or when using a robust linear estimator. Using a new program for
 estimation of mixed process maximum likelihood models, we show how
 assumptions critical for the original analysis, such as error normality,
 are contradicted by the data. We conclude that questions about impact
 cannot be answered in these data.		      
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 583-604 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858122 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858122 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:583-604




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark M. Pitt 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitt 
Title: Response to 'The Impact of Microcredit on the Poor in Bangladesh: Revisiting the Evidence' 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 605-610 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.868141 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.868141 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:4:p:605-610




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart Minten 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten 
Author-Name: David Stifel 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stifel 
Author-Name: Seneshaw Tamru 
Author-X-Name-First: Seneshaw 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tamru 
Title: Structural Transformation of Cereal Markets in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
				 We study cereal markets in Ethiopia over
 the last decade, a period that has been characterised by important local
 changes, including strong economic growth, urbanisation, improved road and
 communication infrastructure, and higher adoption of modern inputs in
 agriculture. These changes are associated with better spatial price
 integration as well as with significant declines in real price differences
 between supplying and receiving markets and in cereal milling and retail
 margins. In short, important improvements have occurred in Ethiopia's
 cereal marketing system. This is especially important because
 dysfunctional cereal markets were previously identified as an important
 cause of food insecurity in the country.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 611-629 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887686 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887686 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:611-629




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Norton 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Norton 
Author-Name: Daniel Osgood 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Osgood 
Author-Name: Malgosia Madajewicz 
Author-X-Name-First: Malgosia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madajewicz 
Author-Name: Eric Holthaus 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holthaus 
Author-Name: Nicole Peterson 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peterson 
Author-Name: Rahel Diro 
Author-X-Name-First: Rahel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diro 
Author-Name: Conner Mullally 
Author-X-Name-First: Conner 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mullally 
Author-Name: Tse-Ling Teh 
Author-X-Name-First: Tse-Ling 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teh 
Author-Name: Mengesha Gebremichael 
Author-X-Name-First: Mengesha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebremichael 
Title: Evidence of Demand for Index Insurance: Experimental Games and Commercial Transactions in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
				 We present results of experimental games
 with smallholder farmers in Tigray, Ethiopia, in 2010, in which
 participants in the games allocated money across risk management options.
 One of the options was index insurance that was the same as commercial
 products sold locally. Participants exhibited clear preferences for
 insurance contracts with higher frequency payouts and for insurance over
 other risk management options, including high interest savings. The
 preference for higher frequency payouts is mirrored in commercial sales of
 the product, with commercial purchasers paying substantially higher
 premiums than the minimal, low frequency option available. This combined
 evidence challenges claims that the very poor universally choose minimal
 index insurance coverage and supports concerns that demand may outpace
 supply of responsible insurance products.		      
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 630-648 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887685 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887685 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Ayalew Ali 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Ayalew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali 
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger 
Author-Name: Marguerite Duponchel 
Author-X-Name-First: Marguerite 
Author-X-Name-Last: Duponchel 
Title: Credit Constraints and Agricultural Productivity: Evidence from rural Rwanda 
Abstract:
				 While potentially negative impacts of
 credit constraints on economic development have long been discussed
 conceptually, empirical evidence for Africa remains limited. We use a
 direct elicitation approach on a national sample of Rwandan rural
 households to empirically assess the extent and nature of credit rationing
 in the semi-formal sector and its impact, using an endogenous switching
 model. Elimination of all constraints could increase output by some 17 per
 cent. Implications for policy and research are spelled out.		    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 649-665 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887687 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887687 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:649-665




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Herbert Ainembabazi 
Author-X-Name-First: John Herbert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ainembabazi 
Author-Name: Johnny Mugisha 
Author-X-Name-First: Johnny 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mugisha 
Title: The Role of Farming Experience on the Adoption of Agricultural Technologies: Evidence from Smallholder Farmers in Uganda 
Abstract:
				 This article investigates the relationship
 between adoption of and experience with agricultural technologies. We use
 both non-parametric and parametric estimations on data from rural farmers
 in Uganda. We find an inverted-U relationship between adoption of and
 experience with agricultural technologies in banana, coffee and maize.
 This suggests that farming experience is useful in early stages of
 adoption of a given technology when farmers are still testing its
 potential benefits, which later determine its retention or disadoption
 over time. Thus, gradual advances in technology development and continuous
 retraining of farmers are essential for sustainable adoption of
 agricultural technologies for some crops.		      
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 666-679 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.874556 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.874556 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:666-679




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melinda Smale 
Author-X-Name-First: Melinda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smale 
Author-Name: Nicole Mason 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason 
Title: Hybrid Seed and the Economic Well-Being of Smallholder Maize Farmers in Zambia 
Abstract:
				 The development and diffusion of hybrid
 maize in Zambia since the 1970s is a major achievement in African
 agriculture, but other than profitability studies, analyses of how this
 process has affected the economic well-being of smallholder farmers have
 been few. We test the relationship of hybrid seed use with six indicators
 of economic well-being. After using the control function/instrumental
 variables approach to test for the endogeneity of hybrid seed use, we
 estimate correlated random effects (CRE) fractional response, CRE Tobit,
 and fixed effects models with a panel of nationally representative data
 collected in 2002/3 and 2006/7. Findings suggest that use of maize hybrids
 is associated with higher values of household income, assets, farm and
 processing equipment, and livestock, and less deprivation compared to
 other farmers in nearby villages.		       
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 680-695 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887690 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887690 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guiyan Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Guiyan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Michel Fok 
Author-X-Name-First: Michel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fok 
Title: Farmer and Market Interactions in using Biotech Cotton Varieties and Seed. A Case in Northern China 
Abstract:
				 This paper analyses the extent to which
 farmers in northern China actually benefit from market development for
 biotech cultivars and seeds, and how they interact with that development.
 It firstly appraises similarities and discrepancies observed in this
 development in China when compared to India, for which the experience has
 been more widely reported to the international community. It then examines
 the data obtained in Hebei Province. The results reveal strong competition
 with a large number of cultivars, including a substantial share of illegal
 cultivars, and, paradoxically, show high seed prices. In return, this
 competition is heightened by growers' strategies for adapting to
 uncertainty when buying seeds. The future of commercial seeds and the use
 of biotech cultivars are at stake. Competition without some form of
 control and regulation could be detrimental to both growers and operators
 in the cultivar and seed sector and could jeopardise investment in
 breeding and biotechnology.		      
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 696-714 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866219 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866219 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:696-714




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diego Naziri 
Author-X-Name-First: Diego 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naziri 
Author-Name: Magali Aubert 
Author-X-Name-First: Magali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aubert 
Author-Name: Jean-Marie Codron 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Codron 
Author-Name: Nguyen Thi Tan Loc 
Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen Thi Tan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Loc 
Author-Name: Paule Moustier 
Author-X-Name-First: Paule 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moustier 
Title: Estimating the Impact of Small-Scale Farmer Collective Action on Food Safety: The Case of Vegetables in Vietnam 
Abstract:
				 This paper is an original empirical
 attempt to explain the outcome of collective action in the domain of food
 safety. We examine conditions and institutions that influence pesticide
 residue levels in vegetables using econometric analysis on data gathered
 from 60 farmer organisations in Vietnam. Findings suggest that collective
 action affects safety in that it provides members with technical
 assistance and monitoring for pest management at the farming level. They
 confirm the U-shape hypothesis of the effect of group size on safety
 performance which derives from the trade-off that exists between economies
 of scale and free-riding. The contribution of public authorities and
 ecological conditions to food safety remains controversial, while market
 forces do not yet seem able to drive the production of safer vegetables.   
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 715-730 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.874555 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.874555 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:715-730




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Holzapfel 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holzapfel 
Author-Name: Meike Wollni 
Author-X-Name-First: Meike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wollni 
Title: Is GlobalGAP Certification of Small-Scale Farmers Sustainable? Evidence from Thailand 
Abstract:
				 This paper presents a panel data analysis
 of the impacts of donor-supported GlobalGAP certification on farmers' net
 household incomes and estimates the factors influencing continued
 compliance with the standard after the withdrawal of donor support. Our
 results show that farmers certified in producer-managed groups derive
 significant benefits from certification. In contrast, producers organised
 in exporter-managed certification groups and smaller farmers in general do
 not experience comparable income increases. Regarding the determinants of
 continued compliance, we find that support from exporters and the scale of
 the farming operation are the most important factors influencing the
 renewal of the GlobalGAP certificate.			      
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 731-747 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.874558 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.874558 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonali Senaratna Sellamuttu 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Senaratna Sellamuttu 
Author-Name: Takeshi Aida 
Author-X-Name-First: Takeshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aida 
Author-Name: Ryuji Kasahara 
Author-X-Name-First: Ryuji 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasahara 
Author-Name: Yasuyuki Sawada 
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuyuki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawada 
Author-Name: Deeptha Wijerathna 
Author-X-Name-First: Deeptha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wijerathna 
Title: How Access to Irrigation Influences Poverty and Livelihoods: A Case Study from Sri Lanka 
Abstract:
				 This study combines a livelihoods approach
 with a regression approach to quantify the effectiveness of irrigation
 infrastructure investment on improving people's livelihood strategies.
 Using a unique dataset based on households in southern Sri Lanka, and a
 natural experimental setting, we estimate from a two-stage income
 regression model to show that irrigation access has a positive effect on
 income through livelihood choices. We also show through qualitative
 approaches that factors not linked to irrigation infrastructure may
 contribute to changes in livelihood portfolios. In addition, we highlight
 factors that result in certain households being unable to move out of
 poverty despite access to the improved irrigation infrastructure.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 748-768 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.841887 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.841887 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:748-768




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikki van Zyl 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikki 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Zyl 
Title:  					<bold>Sexuality and Social Justice in Africa:Rethinking Homophobia and Forging Resistance</bold>, by Marc Epprecht 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 769-770 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903633 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903633 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:769-770




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deanna Kemp 
Author-X-Name-First: Deanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kemp 
Title:  					<bold>Subterranean Struggles: New Dynamics of Mining, Oil and Gas in Latin America</bold>, by Anthony Bebbington & Jeffrey Bury 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 770-771 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903635 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903635 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:5:p:770-771




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Pearlman 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearlman 
Title: Officials Versus Thieves: Is Public or Private Expropriation More Harmful to Small Firms? 
Abstract:
				 Corruption and crime are factors that
 regularly affect firms, yet few papers compare the two impacts. This is
 largely due to a lack of data, something I overcome using recent surveys
 of microenterprises in Mexico. After instrumenting for individual
 firm-level incidence, I find that thieves are much more harmful to
 microenterprises than officials. The incidence of robbery and extortion is
 associated with declines in income and employees, while the incidence of
 bribery and fines are associated with increases in both. This highlights
 that crime can be a larger deterrent to firm growth than corruption in
 certain environments.			 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 773-788 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895819 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895819 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:773-788




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clemente Forero-Pineda 
Author-X-Name-First: Clemente 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forero-Pineda 
Author-Name: Eduardo Wills Herrera 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wills Herrera 
Author-Name: Veneta Andonova 
Author-X-Name-First: Veneta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andonova 
Author-Name: Luz Elena Orozco Collazos 
Author-X-Name-First: Luz Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orozco Collazos 
Author-Name: Oscar Pardo 
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pardo 
Title: Violence, Insecurity and Hybrid Organisational Forms: A Study in Conflict-Ridden Zones in Colombia 
Abstract:
				 We study organisational forms in
 conflict-ridden zones of rural Colombia and analyse the impact of violence
 and subjective perceptions of insecurity on the choice of organisational
 modes. Based on a survey of 742 rural producers in five geographical
 regions, we find that perceptions of insecurity and objective measures of
 violence are positively related with the adoption of hybrid forms of
 organisation in production and distribution. This result is interpreted as
 an adaptation on the part of peasants and landowners who associate to seek
 protection in a violent environment.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 789-802 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.874554 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.874554 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:789-802




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Gillanders 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillanders 
Title: Corruption and Infrastructure at the Country and Regional Level 
Abstract:
				 This paper examines the relationship
 between corruption and infrastructure at both the country and regional
 level using the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys data. A statistically
 significant and considerable relationship is established between the
 measure of corruption in the macro data and the measures of transportation
 and electricity infrastructure. Countries with more corruption tend to
 have worse infrastructure. At the regional level, the key result is
 unchanged. The magnitude and significance of this result is shown to vary
 by global region. Two stage least squares results, using distance from the
 equator as an instrument at the macro level support the simple Ordinary
 Least Squares (OLS). Finally, it is shown that within-country variation in
 corruption has a significant effect on regional infrastructure.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 803-819 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.858126 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.858126 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:803-819




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna 
Author-Name: Gregory Schober 
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schober 
Title: The Gradient of Governance: Distance and Disengagement in Indian Villages 
Abstract:
				 National governance scores must be seen in
 light of large within-country variance. Not only being a rural village,
 but being located at a substantial distance from cities, has great
 importance for good governance. Analysis of household data from different
 parts of rural India shows how villages at greater distances to towns tend
 to have lower scores on multiple governance dimensions. Even after
 controlling for diverse influences, using both ordinary least square and
 multilevel regression models, this gradient of governance remains
 significant, imposing a dual penalty. Already penalised by markets, which
 have disproportionately rewarded urban and peri-urban areas, residents of
 villages located further from towns also experience and expect to receive
 worse treatment from government.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 820-838 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887692 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887692 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:820-838




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Knack 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knack 
Title: Building or Bypassing Recipient Country Systems: Are Donors Defying the Paris Declaration? 
Abstract:
				 The 2005 Paris Declaration committed
 donors to increased use of recipient country systems for managing aid,
 particularly in countries with higher-quality systems. Using indicators
 explicitly endorsed by the Paris Declaration and covering the 2005-2010
 period, this study finds a positive, significant, and robust relationship
 between quality of systems and their use by donors. Thus, donors appear to
 have modified at least some of their aid practices in ways that build
 rather than undermine administrative capacity and accountability
 mechanisms in recipient countries. However, quality of systems explains a
 relatively small share of the variation in their use, and there is
 considerable heterogeneity among donors in their use of country systems,
 and in their sensitivity to quality of systems.		   
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 839-854 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895816 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895816 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:839-854




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hamidreza Mohammadi Doostdar 
Author-X-Name-First: Hamidreza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadi Doostdar 
Author-Name: Hossein Mohammadi Doostdar 
Author-X-Name-First: Hossein 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadi Doostdar 
Author-Name: Mohd Hazim Shah 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Hazim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah 
Author-Name: Hamideh Sattari 
Author-X-Name-First: Hamideh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sattari 
Title: A Stylish Burial: Tracking the Socio-Technical Aspects of Death in Iran 
Abstract:
				 With the rapid population growth and the
 inevitable increased mortalities in Iran, the introduction of the
 automatic corpse washer in line with religious rituals has been a local
 response to the traditional burial process. This technology has, however,
 faced criticism from both religious scholars and ordinary people. The
 current study attempts to explore the underlying challenges of how the
 novel corpse washer technology finds its way into local communities. The
 findings point to the complex relationship between religion and technology
 and the invisible role of ordinary people.			   
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 855-863 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895820 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895820 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:855-863




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derrill D. Watson 
Author-X-Name-First: Derrill D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Watson 
Title: Hunger Inequality: Ethics and Aid 
Abstract:
				 This article considers the inequality in
 the cross-country distribution of hunger using multiple ethical
 underpinnings. Under sovereign equality, each nation-state receives equal
 weighting, leading to the conclusion that hunger should be concentrated in
 a few large countries. Under the democratic ethic, individuals receive
 equal weighting and the global distribution of hungry people is
 irrelevant. Inequality aversion deliberately prefers equal levels of
 hunger across countries. These ideals are presented in a general social
 welfare function and compared to the actual changes in hunger during
 1991-2001. The distribution of food aid to reduce both hunger and hunger
 inequality are considered.			 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 864-876 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866222 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866222 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:864-876




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magnus Hatlebakk 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hatlebakk 
Title: Poverty Dynamics in Rural Orissa: Transitions in Assets and Occupations over Generations 
Abstract:
				 We investigate whether historic land
 distribution determines stagnation or development of Indian villages. The
 empirical analysis is motivated by the Banerjee and Newman (1993) model of
 occupational choice and economic development. Family histories are
 collected for a random sample of 800 households. Households are classified
 into economic categories according to the assets-occupations mix at
 present and at grandfather's time. Transitions are described, and for a
 remote district explained, by the historic village land distribution. We
 also investigate the role of social identity, and find that scheduled
 tribes are more likely trapped in poverty than scheduled castes.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 877-893 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887691 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887691 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mie Vestergaard 
Author-X-Name-First: Mie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vestergaard 
Title:  					<bold>The ironic spectator: Solidarity in the age of post-humanitarianism</bold>, by Lilie Chouliaraki 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 894-895 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.916843 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.916843 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:6:p:894-895




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lorenzo Cotula 
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotula 
Author-Name: Carlos Oya 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oya 
Author-Name: Emmanuel A. Codjoe 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Codjoe 
Author-Name: Abdurehman Eid 
Author-X-Name-First: Abdurehman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eid 
Author-Name: Mark Kakraba-Ampeh 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kakraba-Ampeh 
Author-Name: James Keeley 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keeley 
Author-Name: Admasu Lokaley Kidewa 
Author-X-Name-First: Admasu Lokaley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kidewa 
Author-Name: Melissa Makwarimba 
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Makwarimba 
Author-Name: Wondwosen Michago Seide 
Author-X-Name-First: Wondwosen Michago 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seide 
Author-Name: William Ole Nasha 
Author-X-Name-First: William Ole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nasha 
Author-Name: Richard Owusu Asare 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard Owusu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asare 
Author-Name: Matteo Rizzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo 
Title: Testing Claims about Large Land Deals in Africa: Findings from a Multi-Country Study 
Abstract:
				 Despite much research on large land deals
 for plantation agriculture in Africa, reliable data remain elusive, partly
 because of limited access to information and practical and methodological
 challenges. International debates are still shaped by misperceptions about
 how much land is being acquired, where, by whom, how and with what
 consequences. This article aims empirically to test some common
 perceptions through an analysis of findings from research conducted in
 three African countries: Ethiopia, Ghana, and Tanzania. The article
 presents new evidence on the scale, geography, drivers and features of
 land deals, relates findings to data from earlier research and
 international efforts to monitor land deals, and outlines possible ways
 forward for ongoing monitoring of the deals.			   
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 903-925 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.901501 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.901501 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:903-925




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jing You 
Author-X-Name-First: Jing 
Author-X-Name-Last: You 
Author-Name: Samuel Annim 
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Annim 
Title: The Impact of Microcredit on Child Education: Quasi-experimental Evidence from Rural China 
Abstract:
				 This article assesses causal effects of
 formal microcredit on children's educational outcomes by using household
 panel data (2000 and 2004) in north-west rural China. The unobservables
 between borrowers and non-borrowers are controlled in static and dynamic
 regression-discontinuity designs. The static analysis reveals significant
 positive impact of microcredit on schooling years in 2000 only, and no
 influence on academic performance for either wave. The dynamic analysis
 shows progressive treatment effects on both longer schooling years and
 higher average scores. Formal microcredit improves education in the longer
 term compared to the short term, and hence may help relaxing the grip of
 educational poverty traps.			   
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 926-948 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903243 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903243 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:926-948




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neda Trifkovi&cacute; 
Author-X-Name-First: Neda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trifkovi&cacute; 
Title: Governance Strategies and Welfare Effects: Vertical Integration and Contracts in the Catfish Sector in Vietnam 
Abstract:
				 Using an original dataset from the
 Vietnamese catfish sector, we study the impact of vertical coordination
 options on household welfare and the implications of different stages of
 vertical coordination for the success of the whole sector. The welfare
 gain from contract farming and employment on processor-owned estate farms
 is estimated using a maximum simulated likelihood estimator. Our results
 show positive welfare effects from participating in contract farming, but
 not from employment on processor-owned estate farms. The results imply
 that contract farming presents opportunities for economic growth, but
 additional effort is required to make the contracts more accessible to
 smallholders.			     
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 949-961 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903245 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903245 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:949-961




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thol Dina 
Author-X-Name-First: Thol 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dina 
Author-Name: Jin Sato 
Author-X-Name-First: Jin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sato 
Title: Is Greater Fishery Access Better for the Poor? Explaining De-Territorialisation of the Tonle Sap, Cambodia 
Abstract:
				 The general tendency for states in South
 East Asia is to claim exclusive rights over natural resources at the cost
 of impoverishing the people who depend on them for subsistence. However,
 contrary to what one might expect, the government of Cambodia initiated
 unconventional intervention: it cancelled the fishing lots system, the de
 facto property rights that had granted exclusive access to certain aquatic
 resources to licence holders. These interventions, focused on Cambodia's
 largest lake, question the rationale behind such state measures to forfeit
 control. This paper demonstrates that political interests such as
 garnering election votes and circumventing certain bureaucratic agencies
 explain this radical shift in policy. Opening up previously exclusive lot
 areas to the communities won immediate support from the poor fishermen.
 However, now that the lake is under a more diverse, if obscure, system of
 governance managed by multiple agencies, the environmental and social
 consequences of the policy shift deserve a fuller examination. 	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 962-976 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.909027 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.909027 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:962-976




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H�vard Haarstad 
Author-X-Name-First: H�vard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haarstad 
Title: Cross-scalar Dynamics of the Resource Curse: Constraints on Local Participation in the Bolivian Gas Sector 
Abstract:
				 Contributing to debate on the contextual
 underpinnings and varieties of the resource curse, this article points to
 how political and economic dynamics of resource endowments operate in
 interrelated but potentially contradictory ways across spatial scales.
 Resource endowments insert a complex set of incentives and interests into
 the political arena in ways that both enable and constrain actors at
 different scales. Using a case study of gas governance in Bolivia, the
 article illustrates the interrelation of these dynamics across local,
 national and international scales, and in particular how they circumscribe
 the space for local participation.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 977-990 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.909026 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.909026 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:977-990




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer Bond 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond 
Title: Conflict, Development and Security at the Agro-Pastoral-Wildlife Nexus: A Case of Laikipia County, Kenya 
Abstract:
				 This article analyses the connections
 between conflict and development at the agriculture-pastoralism-wildlife
 interface from the perspective of human security. The article draws on
 empirical data (qualitative and quantitative) generated in Laikipia
 County, Kenya, and literature to illustrate that (1) the major issues
 which cut across each of these conflicts are related to natural resource
 management, cultural practices and governance, and (2) these cross-cutting
 issues impinge on people's freedoms, extending these conflicts into cases
 of human insecurity. Specifically, each conflict type compounds the
 impacts of the others on farmer and pastoral economic, food,
 environmental, personal, community, health and political security.	    
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 991-1008 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.909025 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.909025 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:991-1008




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zelalem Yilma 
Author-X-Name-First: Zelalem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yilma 
Author-Name: Anagaw Mebratie 
Author-X-Name-First: Anagaw 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mebratie 
Author-Name: Robert Sparrow 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sparrow 
Author-Name: Degnet Abebaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Degnet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abebaw 
Author-Name: Marleen Dekker 
Author-X-Name-First: Marleen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dekker 
Author-Name: Getnet Alemu 
Author-X-Name-First: Getnet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alemu 
Author-Name: Arjun S. Bedi 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjun S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedi 
Title: Coping with shocks in rural Ethiopia 
Abstract:
				 Using survey data and event history
 interviews undertaken in Ethiopia, we investigate which shocks trigger
 which coping responses and why. Relatively covariate natural and economic
 shocks trigger reductions in savings and in food consumption, while
 relatively idiosyncratic health shocks prompt reductions in savings and a
 reliance on borrowing. Surprisingly, across all shocks, households do not
 rely on gifts from family and friends, highlighting the need for formal
 protection systems. We argue that the insensitivity of food consumption to
 health shocks does not imply insurability but indicates that it is not a
 viable response to such a shock.			
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1009-1024 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7  
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.909028 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.909028 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:1009-1024




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thuan Q. Thai 
Author-X-Name-First: Thuan Q. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thai 
Author-Name: Evangelos M. Falaris 
Author-X-Name-First: Evangelos M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falaris 
Title: Child Schooling, Child Health, and Rainfall Shocks: Evidence from Rural Vietnam 
Abstract:
				 We study the effect of rainfall shocks on
 child schooling outcomes and on standardised height for age (a measure of
 child health) in rural Vietnam. We find that adverse rainfall shocks
 during pregnancy adversely affect children's school entry delay and
 progress through school. Adverse rainfall shocks in the third year of life
 adversely affect both schooling and child health. These effects differ by
 region, as a result of constraints that reflect regional economic
 heterogeneity. We predict that policies that help rural families smooth
 income shocks will result in increases in human capital and in substantial
 cumulative returns over a worker's working life.			  
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1025-1037 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903247 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903247 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clara Bocchino 
Author-X-Name-First: Clara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bocchino 
Title:  					<bold>Transforming the Frontier: Peace Parks and the Politics of Neoliberal Conservation in Southern Africa</bold> By Bram B�scher 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1038-1039 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.922267 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.922267 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:1038-1039




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kiah Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Kiah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title:  					<bold>Hidden Hunger: Gender and the Politics of Smarter Foods</bold> By Aya Hirata Kimura 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1039-1040 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.922270 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.922270 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carmelo Mesa-Lago 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mesa-Lago 
Title:  					<bold>Social Assistance in Developing Countries</bold> By Armando Barrientos 
Journal: Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1040-1042 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.924201 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.924201 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:7:p:1040-1042




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lilian Miles 
Author-X-Name-First: Lilian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miles 
Title: The Capabilities Approach and Worker Wellbeing 
Abstract:
				 Recently, scholars have attempted to apply
 the capabilities approach, as advanced by Amartya Sen, to the realm of
 labour. They argue that it provides a philosophical justification for a
 'development' approach to labour regulation, supports the design of
 policies that promote workers' wellbeing and validates the institution of
 worker participation mechanisms. For labour proponents, this is an
 exciting prospect. This article argues that despite its promise for
 expanding workers' capabilities, certain ambiguities potentially impede
 the approach's utility, particularly in developing countries. We suggest
 ways in which it can be refined and developed to better serve the
 interests of labour in these contexts, notably by promoting collective and
 not merely individual capabilities.			    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1043-1054 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866220 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866220 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1043-1054




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Feeny 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Feeny 
Author-Name: Sasi Iamsiraroj 
Author-X-Name-First: Sasi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iamsiraroj 
Author-Name: Mark McGillivray 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGillivray 
Title: Remittances and Economic Growth: Larger Impacts in Smaller Countries? 
Abstract:
				 This paper examines the impact of
 remittances on economic growth in Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
 Results from variants of an empirical model suggest that while, on
 average, there is at best no association between remittances and growth in
 developing countries, there is a positive association between these
 variables in SIDS. This finding holds for SIDS in sub-Saharan Africa and
 the Pacific but not for those in Latin America and the Caribbean.
 Relationships between remittances, economic volatility, and household
 labour supply are offered as reasons for these findings.		   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1055-1066 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895815 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895815 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1055-1066




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Bertoli 
Author-X-Name-First: Simone 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertoli 
Author-Name: Francesca Marchetta 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchetta 
Title: Migration, Remittances and Poverty in Ecuador 
Abstract:
				 We analyse the influence of the recent
 wave of migration on the incidence of poverty among stayers in Ecuador. We
 draw our data from a survey that provides detailed information on
 migrants. The analysis reveals a significant negative effect of migration
 on poverty among migrant households. This effect is substantially smaller
 than the one that we find focusing on recipient households. We explore the
 factors that account for this divergence. Our analysis entails that the
 existing empirical evidence on the relationship between remittances and
 poverty does not need to be informative about the size of the direct
 poverty-reduction potential of migration.			 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1067-1089 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.919382 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.919382 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1067-1089




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Karell 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karell 
Title: Ethnicity, Citizenship, and the Migration-Development Nexus: The Case of Moroccan Migrants in Spain's North African Exclaves 
Abstract:
				 In this paper, I conduct a paired
 comparative analysis of the Moroccan migrant communities in two Spanish
 cities, Ceuta and Melilla, to examine how migrants' sub-national ethnic
 heritage influences their relationships with their host country and
 country of origin. Conducting an ecological inferential analysis of
 citizenship rates, I find evidence that ethnic heritage, Arab in Ceuta and
 Amazigh in Melilla, affects whether Moroccan migrants become Spanish
 citizens. As a result, I posit that ethnic heritage has the potential to
 affect migrants' relationships with their host and origin countries, as
 well as their transnational behaviour and participation in the
 migration-development nexus.		       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1090-1103 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895814 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895814 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1090-1103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Acosta 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta 
Author-Name: Gabriel Montes-Rojas 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montes-Rojas 
Title: Informal Jobs and Trade Liberalisation in Argentina 
Abstract:
				 Rapid trade liberalisation can exert
 profound effects on labour markets. Domestic firms, to sustain
 competitiveness for survival, could react by cutting labour benefits to
 achieve cost reductions. Alternatively, trade liberalisation may alter the
 industry composition of firms, changing the aggregate formality rates.
 This paper studies the relationship between trade liberalisation and
 informality in Argentina. Using manufacturing industry-level data for
 1992-2003, the results confirm the hypothesis that trade increases
 informality in industries that experience sudden foreign competition. This
 explains about a third of the increase in informality. Sectors with higher
 investment ratios are able to neutralise and reverse this effect.	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1104-1118 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.919381 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.919381 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1104-1118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monazza Aslam 
Author-X-Name-First: Monazza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aslam 
Author-Name: Kim Lehrer 
Author-X-Name-First: Kim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehrer 
Title: Learning by Doing: Skills and Jobs in Urban Ghana 
Abstract:
				 This paper investigates the relationship
 between on-the-job mathematics skills acquisition and jobs that involve
 the handling of money in urban Ghana. This relationship is identified in a
 panel dataset by examining individuals who change jobs between survey
 rounds, while controlling for individual time invariant characteristics.
 We argue that the process of job choice in Ghana allows us to identify
 causal impacts. The findings show that money handling is positively
 associated with higher mathematics skills.			   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1119-1134 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903248 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903248 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1119-1134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Fern�ndez 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern�ndez 
Author-Name: Ana Mar�a Ib��ez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Mar�a 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ib��ez 
Author-Name: Ximena Pe�a 
Author-X-Name-First: Ximena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pe�a 
Title: Adjusting the Labour Supply to Mitigate Violent Shocks: Evidence from Rural Colombia 
Abstract:
				 We study the use of labour markets to
 mitigate the impact of violent shocks on households in rural areas.
 Because the incidence of violent shocks is not exogenous, the analysis
 uses instrumental variables. As a response to violent shocks men decrease
 the time they devote to off-farm agricultural activities and increase
 off-farm non-agricultural activities, while women decrease their leisure
 time and increase the time they devote to household chores and childcare.
 Labour markets appear unable to fully absorb the additional labour supply.
 Policies in conflict-affected countries should aim to prevent labour
 markets from collapsing.		     
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1135-1155 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.919384 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.919384 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1135-1155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nursel Aydiner-Avsar 
Author-X-Name-First: Nursel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aydiner-Avsar 
Title: Revisiting the Trade-Wage Structure Nexus: A Micro Analysis for Turkey 
Abstract:
				 This paper analyses the impact of
 international trade on wages in Turkey using individual-level data. It
 explicitly accounts for differences in the destination and origin of trade
 flows as well as their composition. The results suggest that only imports
 of inputs from developed countries have a positive effect on wages. This
 effect is higher for high-skilled labour, supporting the skill-enhancing
 trade hypothesis. While exports to developing countries positively affect
 wages, especially for low-skilled labour, exports to developed countries
 exert downward pressure on wages, pointing to a possible impact of
 competitive pressures from low-wage developing countries in traditional
 export markets.		   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1156-1171 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895818 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895818 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1156-1171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solomon Asfaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Solomon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asfaw 
Author-Name: Benjamin Davis 
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis 
Author-Name: Josh Dewbre 
Author-X-Name-First: Josh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dewbre 
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Handa 
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Handa 
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Title: Cash Transfer Programme, Productive Activities and Labour Supply: Evidence from a Randomised Experiment in Kenya 
Abstract:
				 This paper reports the analysis of the
 impact of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children
 Programme on the household decisions on productive activities using data
 from a randomised experimental design. Results show that the programme had
 a positive and significant impact on food consumption coming from home
 production, accumulation of productive assets, especially on the ownership
 of small livestock, and on formation of nonfarm enterprise, especially for
 females. The programme has provided more flexibility to families in terms
 of labour allocation decisions, particularly for those who are
 geographically isolated. The programme was also found to reduce child
 labour, an important objective of the programme. However, we find very
 little impact of the programme on direct indicators of crop production.    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1172-1196 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.919383 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.919383 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:8:p:1172-1196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amrita Datta 
Author-X-Name-First: Amrita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Datta 
Author-Name: Gerry Rodgers 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodgers 
Author-Name: Janine Rodgers 
Author-X-Name-First: Janine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodgers 
Author-Name: Bkn Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Bkn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Title: Contrasts in Development in Bihar: A Tale of Two Villages 
Abstract:
				 The article investigates the economic and
 social changes that have occurred over the last 30 years in two villages
 in Bihar, one of the poorest states in India. The two villages are on
 different development paths: one based on agricultural diversification and
 local non-agricultural employment, the other dependent on migration to
 distant labour markets. They therefore connect with India's overall growth
 in different ways. Neither development model delivers clearly superior
 outcomes in terms of incomes, nor are they exhausted, but the long-term
 sustainability of a migration-led model remains debatable.		    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1197-1208 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.925539 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.925539 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zareen Pervez Bharucha 
Author-X-Name-First: Zareen Pervez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bharucha 
Author-Name: David Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Author-Name: Jules Pretty 
Author-X-Name-First: Jules 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pretty 
Title: All Paths Lead to Rain: Explaining why Watershed Development in India Does Not Alleviate the Experience of Water Scarcity 
Abstract:
				 Watershed development (WSD) projects in
 India are key to meeting a range of human development goals in rain-fed
 agrarian landscapes. However, outcomes are often observed to be partial
 and short-lived. We offer a novel perspective on the reasons. Our analysis
 shows that the dominant 'water narratives' of WSD policy and practice and
 the lived experience of local people contribute to a naturalisation of
 water scarcity, resulting in widespread views that WSD is primarily a
 means for increasing irrigation water supply. We show how this
 over-simplifies the complex problem of agricultural water use and
 perversely contributes to a continuing experience of water scarcity rather
 than its resolution.			   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1209-1225 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.928699 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.928699 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:9:p:1209-1225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giacomo Zanello 
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zanello 
Author-Name: Chittur S. Srinivasan 
Author-X-Name-First: Chittur S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Srinivasan 
Author-Name: Bhavani Shankar 
Author-X-Name-First: Bhavani 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shankar 
Title: Transaction Costs, Information Technologies, and the Choice of Marketplace among Farmers in Northern Ghana 
Abstract:
				 Using a transactions costs framework, we
 examine the impact of information and communication technologies (mobile
 phones and radios) use on market participation in developing country
 agricultural markets using a novel transaction-level data set of Ghanaian
 farmers. Our analysis of the choice of markets by farmers suggests that
 market information from a broader range of markets may not always induce
 farmers to sell in more distant markets; instead farmers may use broader
 market information to enhance their bargaining power in closer markets.
 Finally, we find weak evidence on the impact of using mobile phones in
 attracting farm gate buyers.		       
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1226-1239 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903244 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903244 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hye-Ran Hwang 
Author-X-Name-First: Hye-Ran 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hwang 
Author-Name: Jae-Yong Choung 
Author-X-Name-First: Jae-Yong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Choung 
Title: The Co-evolution of Technology and Institutions in the Catch-up Process: The Case of the Semiconductor Industry in Korea and Taiwan 
Abstract:
				 This paper explores the industrial
 specialisation of latecomer countries, particularly Korea and Taiwan,
 which are often referred to as successful catch-up cases. The traditional
 wisdom is that the 'developmental state', resource leverage, and
 technological sophistication in an export-oriented strategy have been the
 factors for success. However, firm strategies and a supportive government
 are not sufficient to explain the different features of catch-up patterns.
 In this paper we propose that differences in industrial specialisation of
 catch-up countries are attributable to the interaction between
 technological characteristics and institutional settings, including
 corporate organisation, industrial structure, and the role of the public
 sector.			
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1240-1260 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.895817 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.895817 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louren�o S. Paz 
Author-X-Name-First: Louren�o S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paz 
Title: Inter-industry Productivity Spillovers: An Analysis Using the 1989-1998 Brazilian Trade Liberalisation 
Abstract:
				 A major obstacle in the estimation of
 inter-industry (vertical) productivity spillovers is the need of an
 exogenous productivity shock. In this article, I propose the use of trade
 policy changes as a large productivity shock, since the literature has
 found evidence that trade liberalisations increase industry-level
 productivity. To do so, I develop a new empirical methodology using
 spatial econometrics, and apply it to the large economy-wide shock
 represented by the 1989-1998 Brazilian trade liberalisation. My results
 indicate the existence of positive and substantial upstream productivity
 spillovers. Nevertheless, no evidence of downstream productivity
 spillovers is found.			   
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1261-1274 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2013.866225 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2013.866225 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philipp H�hne 
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp 
Author-X-Name-Last: H�hne 
Author-Name: Birgit Meyer 
Author-X-Name-First: Birgit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer 
Author-Name: Peter Nunnenkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunnenkamp 
Title: Who Benefits from Aid for Trade? Comparing the Effects on Recipient versus Donor Exports 
Abstract:
				 Recent studies offer an ambiguous picture
 on the effectiveness of foreign aid in strengthening the export capacity
 of recipient countries. Moreover, the literature on aid for trade (AfT)
 has often neglected the fact that exporters in the donor countries may be
 among the main beneficiaries. We simultaneously estimate and compare the
 effects of AfT on trade in both directions. We find that AfT increases
 recipient exports to donors as well as recipient imports from donors. The
 first effect tends to dominate the latter, which contradicts the sceptical
 view that donors grant AfT primarily to promote their own export
 interests.		      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1275-1288 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.903246 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.903246 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kitae Sohn 
Author-X-Name-First: Kitae 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn 
Title: Job Strenuousness and Obesity: The Case of a Developing Country 
Abstract:
				 This paper analyses the Indonesian Family
 Life Survey to show that job strenuousness is negatively related to
 obesity, which is largely consistent with the literature. However, this
 paper does not interpret the relationship as causal. Instead, efforts are
 made to demonstrate that the relationship is attributable to sample
 selection: workers with low socioeconomic status are lightweight and
 selected for strenuous jobs. This paper warns against reflexive
 applications of the conclusions derived from the developed world to the
 developing world. Our results imply that sedentariness at work probably
 plays a small role in the prevalence of obesity in the region. 	    
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1289-1301 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.925543 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.925543 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:9:p:1289-1301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena I. Ianchovichina 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ianchovichina 
Author-Name: Josef L. Loening 
Author-X-Name-First: Josef L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Loening 
Author-Name: Christina A. Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: How Vulnerable are Arab Countries to Global Food Price Shocks? 
Abstract:
				 We estimate pass-through effects of
 international food price movements into domestic food prices for 18
 countries in the Middle East and North Africa, using threshold
 regressions. International price movements transmit to various degrees
 into domestic prices. Transmission is mostly asymmetric, pushing domestic
 price levels up as increases in international food prices are typically
 passed through, but declines are rarely transmitted. This situation is
 indicative of policy and market distortions, notably the presence of food
 subsidies in the context of fiscal constraints. Hence, both international
 prices and their volatility matter for domestic inflation, yet domestic
 factors also play a role.		      
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1302-1319 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.928698 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.928698 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lili Sisombat 
Author-X-Name-First: Lili 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sisombat 
Title:  					<bold>State-Business Relations and Economic Development in Africa and India</bold>, by Kunal Sen 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1320-1321 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.927552 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.927552 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:9:p:1320-1321




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reza Hasmath 
Author-X-Name-First: Reza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hasmath 
Title:  					<bold>Social Development: Theory and Practice</bold>, by James Midgley 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1321-1323 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936661 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936661 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hazel Gray 
Author-X-Name-First: Hazel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gray 
Title:  					<bold>Governance for Development in Africa: Solving Collective Action Problems</bold>, by David Booth & Diana Cammack 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1323-1324 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.938527 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.938527 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:9:p:1323-1324




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anuradha Joshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Anuradha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi 
Author-Name: Wilson Prichard 
Author-X-Name-First: Wilson 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prichard 
Author-Name: Christopher Heady 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heady 
Title: Taxing the Informal Economy: The Current State of Knowledge and Agendas for Future Research 
Abstract:
 This paper reviews the literature on taxation of the informal economy,
 taking stock of key debates and drawing attention to recent innovations.
 Conventionally, the debate on whether to tax has frequently focused on the
 limited revenue potential, high cost of collection, and potentially
 adverse impact on small firms. Recent arguments have increasingly
 emphasised the more indirect benefits of informal taxation in relation to
 economic growth, broader tax compliance, and governance. More research is
 needed, we argue, into the relevant costs and benefits for all, including
 quasi-voluntary compliance, political and administrative incentives for
 reform, and citizen-state bargaining over taxation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1325-1347 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940910 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940910 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Louis Combes 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Louis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Combes 
Author-Name: Christian Hubert Ebeke 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebeke 
Author-Name: Mathilde Maurel 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathilde 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurel 
Author-Name: Thierry Urbain Yogo 
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry Urbain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yogo 
Title: Remittances and Working Poverty 
Abstract:
 This article shows that the level and the predictability of remittances
 reduce working poverty in receiving economies through their effects on
 labour market dynamics. It takes advantage of the new cross-country
 dataset (ILO, KILM 7th edition) containing information on the share of
 individuals working for less than US$2 per day. To identify the main
 impacts, the article proposes a novel approach to deal with the
 endogeneity of remittances and migration. In addition, the results are
 robust to the possible error in measuring working poverty, to the
 potential attrition bias, and to the presence of various control
 variables.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1348-1361 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940912 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940912 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:10:p:1348-1361




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurie Parsons 
Author-X-Name-First: Laurie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parsons 
Author-Name: Sabina Lawreniuk 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawreniuk 
Author-Name: John Pilgrim 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pilgrim 
Title: Wheels within Wheels: Poverty, Power and Patronage in the Cambodian Migration System 
Abstract:
 This article presents evidence for an adjusted and refocused systems
 theory of labour migration in Cambodia. Specifically, it seeks to
 highlight first, how migration in Cambodia may be understood as a
 multi-scalar phenomenon characterised by pragmatism and flexibility;
 secondly, it emphasises the undergirding role of traditional rural norms
 in shaping and mediating the systematic process of labour movement; and
 finally, it presents evidence concerning how these structures constitute a
 vessel of social change, not only from urban to rural, but also from the
 rural to urban. In this way, a picture is presented of Cambodian migration
 as an adaptable, but nevertheless highly patterned process which is
 rapidly reordering the Kingdom's cities and villages alike.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1362-1379 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940915 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940915 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:10:p:1362-1379




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Berhe Mekonnen Beyene 
Author-X-Name-First: Berhe Mekonnen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beyene 
Title: The Effects of International Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
 The article studies the effects of international remittances on poverty
 and inequality in Ethiopia using an urban household survey from 2004.
 Counterfactual consumption in the hypothetical case of no remittance is
 estimated in a selection-corrected estimation framework. Inequality and
 poverty values in the hypothetical and actual cases are then compared.
 There is a significant reduction in poverty, while inequality does not
 change. The head count, the poverty gap and the squared poverty gap ratios
 decreased from 0.41 to 0.38, 0.14 to 0.13, and 0.064 to 0.057
 respectively.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1380-1396 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940913 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940913 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:10:p:1380-1396




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophia C. Terrelonge 
Author-X-Name-First: Sophia C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terrelonge 
Title: For Health, Strength, and Daily Food: The Dual Impact of Remittances and Public Health Expenditure on Household Health Spending and Child Health Outcomes 
Abstract:
 Child and infant mortality in developing countries decreased 33.5 per cent
 and 30.9 per cent, respectively, during 1995-2009, while remittances and
 public health spending more than doubled. I examine how remittances and
 government health spending improve these child health outcomes. Neither
 government health spending nor remittances causally affect household
 health spending. Public health spending has an insignificant negative
 impact on mortality. The increase in remittances causally accounts for 32
 per cent and 37 per cent of the decline in child and infant mortality,
 respectively. Remittances reduce mortality through improved living
 standards from the relaxation of households' budget constraints.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1397-1410 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940911 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940911 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:10:p:1397-1410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Bros 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bros 
Title: The Burden of Caste on Social Identity in India 
Abstract:
 This paper uses the World Values Survey to investigate the determinants of
 perceived social status in India. Caste is still the largest determinant,
 yet not the only one, as income, education and occupation are all relevant
 factors. However, only unlikely improvements in those economic attributes
 could offset the burden of being from a low caste or tribe on perceived
 social rank. This study is part of the literature that shows how the
 internalisation of prejudice and long-lasting discrimination may have
 impaired individuals' self-esteem. The results stress the need to account
 for self-depreciation when assessing the efficiency of affirmative action
 policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1411-1429 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940908 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940908 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:10:p:1411-1429




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea F. Presbitero 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Presbitero 
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Author-Name: Claudia Piras 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Piras 
Title: Barking up the Wrong Tree? Measuring Gender Gaps in Firm's Access to Finance 
Abstract:
 The literature on gender-based discrimination in credit markets is
 recently expanding, but the results are not yet definitive and have not
 been generally agreed upon. This paper exploits a new dataset on Barbados,
 Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago, which provides detailed information
 about female ownership and management in firms for investigating the
 existence of a gender gap in access to finance. The evidence presented
 herein suggests that more precise measures of the gender composition of
 the firm show that women-led businesses are more likely to be financially
 constrained than other comparable firms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1430-1444 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940914 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940914 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:10:p:1430-1444




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacopo Bonan 
Author-X-Name-First: Jacopo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonan 
Author-Name: Philippe LeMay-Boucher 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: LeMay-Boucher 
Author-Name: Michel Tenikue 
Author-X-Name-First: Michel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tenikue 
Title: Households' Willingness to Pay for Health Microinsurance and its Impact on Actual Take-up: Results from a Field Experiment in Senegal 
Abstract:
 Community-based health insurance schemes (CBHIS) have been present in the
 region of Theis, Senegal, for many years. Yet, despite the benefits they
 offer, take-up rates remain low. This article measures the willingness to
 pay (WTP) for CBHIS premiums in such a context; our results highlight the
 role of income, wealth and risk preferences as determinants of WTP. We
 also provide an analysis of the predictive power of WTP on the actual
 take-up of insurance following our offering of membership to a sample of
 360 households. Results show that WTP has a positive and significant
 impact on actual CBHIS take-up.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1445-1462 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.940909 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.940909 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio M. A. Pedro 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio M. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedro 
Title: One Thing Leads to Another: Making the Most of the Commodities Boom in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1463-1464 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.947072 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.947072 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Narasimha D. Rao 
Author-X-Name-First: Narasimha D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao 
Title: Electrifying India: Regional Political Economies of Development 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1464-1465 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.955681 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.955681 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clinton J. Pecenka 
Author-X-Name-First: Clinton J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pecenka 
Author-Name: Godfrey Kundhlande 
Author-X-Name-First: Godfrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kundhlande 
Title: Theft, Gift-Giving, and Reciprocity: A South African Experiment 
Abstract:
 This paper uses a taking game to examine how South African subjects alter
 the amount they choose to 'steal' in response to a resource transfer from
 the potential victim. Any positive resource transfer significantly reduces
 the amount taken. 'Small' transfers reduce a victim's total losses,
 including the transfer and the subsequent 'theft'. Larger transfers
 increase a victim's total losses. This study failed to find that
 differences in the frame of a transfer (i.e. gift, as a bribe, or as a
 payment) influenced a taker's response to the transfer.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1467-1481 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.925540 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.925540 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:11:p:1467-1481




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Fleming 
Author-X-Name-First: David A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming 
Author-Name: Alberto Chong 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chong 
Author-Name: Hern�n D. Bejarano 
Author-X-Name-First: Hern�n D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bejarano 
Title: Trust and Reciprocity in the Aftermath of Natural Disasters 
Abstract:
 Beyond all the material and economic losses that natural disasters
 produce, post-disaster environments can alter the social capital of a
 community by affecting social norms, attitudes, and people's behaviour. To
 analyse this issue, we empirically investigate the effect that the
 aftermath of a disaster can have on trust and reciprocity of people within
 communities. We do this by comparing outcomes of trust games conducted in
 earthquake-affected and non-affected rural villages one year after the
 2010 Chilean earthquake. Our findings show that while trust levels do not
 differ across cases, reciprocity is lower in earthquake-affected areas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1482-1493 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936395 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936395 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:11:p:1482-1493




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Nicole Kergozou 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kergozou 
Author-Name: Stephen Knowles 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles 
Author-Name: Paul Thorsnes 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thorsnes 
Title: Developing Countries in Need: Which Characteristics Appeal Most to People when Donating Money? 
Abstract:
 A discrete choice experiment was conducted to discover the relative
 importance of five characteristics of developing countries considered by
 people when choosing countries to donate money to. The experiment was
 administered via an online survey involving almost 700 university student
 participants (potential donors). The most important recipient country
 characteristic for participants on average is hunger and malnutrition,
 followed by child mortality, quality of infrastructure, income per capita,
 and, least importantly, ties to the donor's home country. A cluster
 analysis of participants' individual 'part worth utilities' representing
 the relative importance of the country characteristics reveals they are
 not strongly correlated with participants' demographic characteristics.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1494-1509 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.925542 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.925542 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:11:p:1494-1509




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lidia Ceriani 
Author-X-Name-First: Lidia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ceriani 
Author-Name: Paolo Verme 
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verme 
Title: The Income Lever and the Allocation of Aid 
Abstract:
 The article develops a concept and a measure of the monetary capacity of a
 country to reduce its own poverty and shows how these tools can be used to
 guide budget allocations or the allocation of aid. The authors call this
 concept the income lever. Making use of tax and distributive theory, the
 article shows how different redistributive criteria correspond to the
 different normative criteria of the income lever. It then constructs
 various income lever indexes based on these criteria and uses such indexes
 to rank countries according to their own capacity to reduce poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1510-1522 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.951037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.951037 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hsin-Lan Ting 
Author-X-Name-First: Hsin-Lan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ting 
Author-Name: Chon-Kit Ao 
Author-X-Name-First: Chon-Kit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ao 
Author-Name: Ming-Jen Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Ming-Jen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: Television on Women's Empowerment in India 
Abstract:
 We used a nationwide demographic survey to study the relation between
 television exposure and women's empowerment in India. Ordinary least
 squares (OLS) results suggested that TV exposure improved Indian women's
 status. We used the propensity score matching (PSM) method to mitigate the
 potential threat of endogeneity. The results indicate that TV exposure is
 correlated with greater awareness of autonomy, greater financial
 independence, less unwanted pregnancy (birth control), negative attitude
 toward beating, a lower tendency of giving birth, a smaller family, and a
 lower preference level for sons.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1523-1537 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.896456 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.896456 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J�rg Peters 
Author-X-Name-First: J�rg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peters 
Author-Name: Christoph Strupat 
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strupat 
Author-Name: Colin Vance 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vance 
Title: Television and Contraceptive Use - A Weak Signal? 
Abstract:
 In recent years, rural electrification and access to television have
 spread throughout the developing world. The values and cultural norms
 embodied in television programming have potentially profound implications
 for influencing behaviour, including reproductive decisions. After
 replicating Westoff and Koffman's (2011) finding of a positive correlation
 between television ownership and contraception using pooled Indonesian
 data, we proceed to estimate a fixed-effects model. The coefficient on
 television loses its significance while other policy relevant variables
 retain theirs. We conclude that the growing corpus of cross-sectional
 evidence on a link between television and contraception should be
 interpreted cautiously.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1538-1549 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.931939 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.931939 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman 
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Mahbubur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman 
Title: Estimating the Average Treatment Effect of Social Safety Net Programmes in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
 Since the famine in 1974, the Bangladesh government and some national and
 international agencies have been providing food, or cash, or both, to poor
 households through the Social Safety Net programmes. I seek to estimate
 how much these programmes affect the well-being of poor households. Most
 previous studies have estimated impacts of these programmes on calorie
 consumption, simply computing the raw differential. However, both observed
 and unobserved characteristics bias this treatment effect. Using fuzzy
 regression discontinuity (RD) design, I control for these selection
 effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1550-1569 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.887688 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.887688 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lloyd-Sherlock 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Sherlock 
Author-Name: Sutapa Agrawal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sutapa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal 
Title: Pensions and the Health of Older People in South Africa: Is there an Effect? 
Abstract:
 This paper critically reviews evidence from low and middle income
 countries that pensions are associated with better health outcomes for
 older people. It draws on new, nationally representative survey data from
 South Africa to provide a systematic analysis of pension effects on health
 and quality of life. It reports significant associations with the
 frequency of health service utilisation, as well as with awareness and
 treatment of hypertension. There is, however, no association with actual
 control of hypertension, self-reported health or quality of life. The
 paper calls for a more balanced and integrated approach to social
 protection for older people.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1570-1586 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936399 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936399 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leon Tikly 
Author-X-Name-First: Leon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tikly 
Title: Agency and Participation in Childhood and Youth: International Applications of the Capability Approach in Schools and Beyond 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1587-1588 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.966568 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.966568 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philipp Horn 
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horn 
Title: Indigenous Peoples, Poverty, and Development 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1588-1590 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.972627 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.972627 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas S. Woodson 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodson 
Title: Nanotechnology and Development: What's in it for Emerging Countries? 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1590-1591 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.972630 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.972630 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:11:p:1590-1591




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mahdi Barouni 
Author-X-Name-First: Mahdi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barouni 
Author-Name: Stijn Broecke 
Author-X-Name-First: Stijn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broecke 
Title: The Returns to Education in Africa: Some New Estimates 
Abstract:
 We estimate the rate of return to education for 12 African countries using
 recent data and a range of methodologies, which we apply consistently
 across all countries. Our findings confirm that the return to basic
 education is the lowest (7-10%). The returns to upper secondary and
 tertiary education are similar to one another (25-30%). Accounting for the
 risk of joblessness increases these rates of return, particularly for
 basic education and for women at tertiary level. Our results at the
 country level suggest that great care should be taken in choosing the
 appropriate methodology to estimate rates of return.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1593-1613 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936394 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936394 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank-Borge Wietzke 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank-Borge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wietzke 
Title: Historical Origins of Uneven Service Supply in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Role of Non-State Providers 
Abstract:
 Variations in non-state service provision are a relatively understudied
 dimension of wellbeing inequality in sub-Saharan Africa. This study from
 Madagascar documents long-term associations between nineteenth-century
 missionary education and the availability of private schools today. The
 article exploits an original data set with unusually detailed information
 on missionary education and contemporary local private school supply. The
 results indicate high levels of persistence in non-state schooling at the
 geographic level. The long tradition of faith-based education appears to
 contribute to religious differences that overlap only imperfectly with
 more widely studied ethnic divides.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1614-1630 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936398 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936398 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1614-1630




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew L. Dabalen 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabalen 
Author-Name: Saumik Paul 
Author-X-Name-First: Saumik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paul 
Title: Estimating the Effects of Conflict on Education in C&ocirc;te d'Ivoire 
Abstract:
 This article evaluates the effect of armed conflict on years of schooling
 in C&ocirc;te d'Ivoire. We combine differences in conflict intensity
 across departments and differences across age cohorts to identify an
 individual's indirect exposure to conflict. The difference-in-difference
 outcomes indicate that the average years of education for a
 school-going-age cohort is 0.94 years fewer compared to an older cohort in
 conflict-affected regions. We further use a set of victimisation
 indicators to identify the direct effect of conflict. Overall, the
 findings across different models suggest a drop in average years of
 education by a range of 0.2 to 0.9 fewer years. The estimated effect is
 larger for males and individuals between 19 and 22 years of age.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1631-1646 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.959501 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.959501 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harsha Aturupane 
Author-X-Name-First: Harsha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aturupane 
Author-Name: Paul Glewwe 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Glewwe 
Author-Name: Renato Ravina 
Author-X-Name-First: Renato 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravina 
Author-Name: Upul Sonnadara 
Author-X-Name-First: Upul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonnadara 
Author-Name: Suzanne Wisniewski 
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wisniewski 
Title: An Assessment of the Impacts of Sri Lanka's Programme for School Improvement and School Report Card Programme on Students' Academic Progress 
Abstract:
 This paper examines two education programmes in Sri Lanka: the Programme
 for School Improvement (PSI), which decentralises decision-making power,
 and the School Report Card Programme (SRCP), which was designed to provide
 parents and other community members with information on the
 characteristics and performance of their local schools. Using a difference
 in differences identification strategy, it finds the following results.
 First, the PSI programme significantly increased Math and English reading
 test scores among Grade 4 students, but not first language (Sinhalese or
 Tamil) test scores. However, PSI has had no effect on any test scores of
 Grade 8 students. In contrast, the SRCP had no significant impacts on any
 test scores in either grade, and further inquiries revealed that the SRCP
 was never really implemented. Second, the paper examined the impact of
 both programmes on teacher and school principal variables. Overall, few
 effects were found, and in some cases effects were found that one would
 associate with reduced school quality. On a more positive note, the PSI
 programme does appear to have led schools to form School Development
 Committees (SDCs), as the programme stipulates, to establish a list of
 school priorities and to implement projects funded through local
 fundraising.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1647-1669 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936396 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936396 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1647-1669




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheetal Sekhri 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheetal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sekhri 
Author-Name: Sisir Debnath 
Author-X-Name-First: Sisir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Debnath 
Title: Intergenerational Consequences of Early Age Marriages of Girls: Effect on Children's Human Capital 
Abstract:
 We use nationally representative data from India on test scores in an
 instrumental variable framework to identify the effects of early age
 marriages of girls on the human capital of their children. Early age
 marriages reduce mother's educational attainment, which can adversely
 impact the education outcomes of their children. On the other hand, better
 marriage prospects of young brides may compensate and improve children's
 educational outcomes by way of resource provision. Consequently, the
 effect of early age marriages of girls on their children is theoretically
 ambiguous and warrants an empirical examination. In our empirical
 analysis, we use variation in age at menarche to instrument for age at
 marriage. Our estimates show that a delay of one year in the age at
 marriage of the mother increases the probability of being able to do the
 most challenging arithmetic and reading tasks on the administered test by
 3.5 percentage points.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1670-1686 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.936397 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.936397 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1670-1686




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralitza Dimova 
Author-X-Name-First: Ralitza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova 
Author-Name: Ira N. Gang 
Author-X-Name-First: Ira N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gang 
Author-Name: Monnet B.P. Gbakou 
Author-X-Name-First: Monnet B.P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gbakou 
Author-Name: Daniel Hoffman 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoffman 
Title: The Impact of Food and Economic Crises on Diet and Nutrition 
Abstract:
 The conventional view is that inelastic demand makes consumption of staple
 foods resilient to major price and income shocks. We explore the dietary
 and nutritional implications of a major shock in Bulgaria in the mid-1990s
 with data from before, during and after the shock. While demand for
 foodstuffs may remain relatively unchanging in environments characterised
 by stable food prices and incomes, economic crises and significant price
 spikes appeared to induce dramatic changes in price and income demand
 elasticities. We therefore suggest the use of caution in basing policy
 prescriptions on randomly available pre-crisis simulations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1687-1699 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.957274 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.957274 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1687-1699




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olga Biosca 
Author-X-Name-First: Olga 
Author-X-Name-Last: Biosca 
Author-Name: Pamela Lenton 
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenton 
Author-Name: Paul Mosley 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosley 
Title: Where is the 'Plus' in 'Credit-Plus'? The Case of Chiapas, Mexico 
Abstract:
 It has become common to try and increase the effectiveness of microfinance
 programmes by adding supplementary services to the financial product.
 However, the added value accruing from this 'credit-plus' approach has
 been little analysed. We hypothesise that the extent of added value from
 credit-plus depends on the ability of the credit supplier to cultivate
 trust, or social capital, amongst clients. Applying
 difference-in-difference estimation, we exploit a natural experiment of
 two 'credit-plus' programmes in Mexico. The findings suggest that
 credit-plus is not universally effective, but that it is at its most
 effective, especially with low-income groups, where 'bonding'
 (within-group) social capital exists.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1700-1716 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.957279 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.957279 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1700-1716




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Somik V. Lall 
Author-X-Name-First: Somik V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lall 
Author-Name: Elizabeth Schroeder 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schroeder 
Author-Name: Emily Schmidt 
Author-X-Name-First: Emily 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt 
Title: Identifying Spatial Efficiency-Equity Trade-offs in Territorial Development Policies: Evidence from Uganda 
Abstract:
 We contribute to the debate on the spatial allocation of infrastructure
 investments by examining where these investments generate the highest
 economic return ('spatial efficiency'), and identifying trade-offs when
 infrastructure coverage is made more equitable across regions ('spatial
 equity'). We estimate models of firm location choice in Uganda, drawing on
 insights from the new economic geography literature. The main findings
 show that manufacturing firms gain from being in areas that offer a
 diverse mix of economic activities. Public infrastructure investments in
 other locations are likely to attract fewer private investors, and will
 pose a spatial efficiency-equity trade-off.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1717-1733 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.957277 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.957277 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1717-1733




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvia Chant 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chant 
Title: Women and the Informal Economy in Urban Africa 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1734-1735 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.972645 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.972645 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1734-1735




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Brockington 
Author-X-Name-First: Dan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brockington 
Title: Q-Squared. Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches in Poverty Analysis 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1735-1736 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.978987 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.978987 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1735-1736




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: Chinese Migrants and Africa's Development: New Imperialists or Agents of Change? 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1736-1737 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.987949 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.987949 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:50:y:2014:i:12:p:1736-1737




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bharatee Bhusana Dash 
Author-X-Name-First: Bharatee Bhusana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dash 
Author-Name: Sacchidananda Mukherjee 
Author-X-Name-First: Sacchidananda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherjee 
Title: Political Competition and Human Development: Evidence from the Indian States 
Abstract:
 Recently, it has been argued that political competition may have similar
 effects on economic performance as it does on market competition. This
 study empirically examines this proposition by linking political
 competition with the Human Development Index (HDI) of the Indian states.
 The findings suggest that politically-competitive governments perform well
 along the HDI. A more detailed analysis also shows that rural India
 benefits most from the intense political competition compared to urban
 India. We also found that if the same government rules a state for a
 relatively long period, it helps the state to achieve a higher HDI score.
 Increasing voter participation is found to be positively associated with
 HDI score, but this finding is confined to the sample of major Indian
 states. Increasing public spending on developmental activities is also
 found to have a positive and significant effect on HDI performance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1-14 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.947280 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.947280 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:1-14




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grant W. Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: Grant W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Defining Corruption Where the State is Weak: The Case of Papua New Guinea 
Abstract:
 Corruption is often defined as the abuse of public office for private
 gain. This article suggests that this is inadequate for understanding
 corruption in weak states and presents two broader definitions of the
 concept. It discusses findings from qualitative and quantitative research
 conducted in Papua New Guinea in light of these definitions. Respondents -
 particularly the poor and marginalised - saw corruption as tied to the
 actions of public officials as well as non-state actors. It is argued that
 applying broader definitions of corruption could help researchers and
 policy makers better understand citizens' concerns about corruption,
 particularly where the state is weak.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 15-31 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.925541 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.925541 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:15-31




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger 
Author-Name: Songqing Jin 
Author-X-Name-First: Songqing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin 
Author-Name: Hari K. Nagarajan 
Author-X-Name-First: Hari K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nagarajan 
Author-Name: Fang Xia 
Author-X-Name-First: Fang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia 
Title: Does Female Reservation Affect Long-Term Political Outcomes? Evidence from Rural India 
Abstract:
 While studies have explored the impacts of political quotas for females at
 household level, differential effects on males and females and their
 evolution through time have received little attention. Using nationwide
 data from India spanning a 15-year period, we find that, while leader
 quality declines, gender quotas increase the level and quality of women's
 political participation, their ability to hold leaders to account, and
 their willingness to contribute to public goods. Key effects persist
 beyond the reserved period and impacts on females often materialise only
 with a lag.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 32-49 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.947279 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.947279 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:32-49




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sitakanta Panda 
Author-X-Name-First: Sitakanta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Panda 
Title: Political Connections and Elite Capture in a Poverty Alleviation Programme in India 
Abstract:
 Political elite capture in public welfare programmes is rife in the
 low-income countries. Analysing a nationally-representative Indian
 household survey dataset, we examine the political connections hypothesis
 and find that a household connected to a local political executive
 (somebody close or as a family member) vis-�-vis not connected
 significantly increases the probability of its obtaining an important
 poverty-alleviating entitlement; that is, a below-poverty-line ration card
 in all three contexts: national, rural, and urban. This ubiquity of
 political elite capture at the local government level has guiding policy
 implications for the beneficiary identification process in the future.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 50-65 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.947281 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.947281 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:50-65




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Jagger 
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jagger 
Author-Name: Gerald Shively 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shively 
Title: Taxes and Bribes in Uganda 
Abstract:
 Using data from 433 firms operating along Uganda's charcoal and timber
 supply chains, we investigate patterns of bribe payment and tax collection
 between supply chain actors and government officials responsible for
 collecting taxes and fees. We examine the factors associated with the
 presence and magnitude of bribe and tax payments using a series of
 bivariate probit and Tobit regression models. We find empirical support
 for a number of hypotheses related to payments, highlighting the role of
 queuing, capital-at-risk, favouritism, networks, and role in the supply
 chain. We also find that taxes crowd in bribery in the charcoal market.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 66-79 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.947278 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.947278 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:66-79




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Sofie Isaksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Sofie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksson 
Title: Corruption Along Ethnic Lines: A Study of Individual Corruption Experiences in 17 African Countries 
Abstract:
 While a growing literature relates macro variation in corruption to ethnic
 divisions, existing studies have paid little attention to the possible
 existence of systematic micro variation in corruption along ethnic lines.
 This paper examines whether individual corruption experiences vary
 systematically depending on ethnic group affiliation and the nature of
 this possible variation. Empirical findings drawing on data for over
 23,000 respondents in 17 African countries indeed suggest that individual
 corruption experiences vary systematically along ethnic lines. Belonging
 to influential ethnic groups - in terms of group size or
 economic/political standing - is associated with a greater probability of
 having experienced corruption.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 80-92 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1  
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.947282 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.947282 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:80-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rasmus Broms 
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broms 
Title: Putting Up or Shutting Up: On the Individual-Level Relationship between Taxpaying and Political Interest in a Developmental Context 
Abstract:
 Historical research, mainly focused on early-modern Europe, has suggested
 a positive link between taxation and democracy. This study approaches the
 connection in a present-day developmental context by looking at
 differences between taxpayers and non-taxpaying citizens in terms of
 political interest, a precondition for accountability demands. Using
 survey data from sub-Saharan Africa, a multilevel analysis shows that
 taxpaying increases political interest. The causal direction of this
 finding is confirmed through an instrumental variable analysis. The
 results support the existence of the mechanisms underlying the theory of
 taxation working as a generator of political engagement and democracy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 93-109 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.957276 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.957276 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:1:p:93-109




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Jerven 
Author-X-Name-First: Morten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jerven 
Author-Name: Deborah Johnston 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston 
Title: Statistical Tragedy in Africa? Evaluating the Data Base for African Economic Development 
Abstract:
 Measurement is increasingly at the centre of debates in African economic
 development. Some remarkable upward revisions of GDP, which are signs of
 statistical systems improving, caused the declaration of a statistical
 tragedy in Africa. This special issue evaluates the database for African
 economic development with articles on the quality of the data on GDP,
 health and education, poverty, labour, agriculture and income
 distribution.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 111-115 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968141 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968141 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:111-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin Sandefur 
Author-X-Name-First: Justin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandefur 
Author-Name: Amanda Glassman 
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Glassman 
Title: The Political Economy of Bad Data: Evidence from African Survey and Administrative Statistics 
Abstract:
 Across multiple African countries, discrepancies between administrative
 data and independent household surveys suggest official statistics
 systematically exaggerate development progress. We provide evidence for
 two distinct explanations of these discrepancies. First, governments
 misreport to foreign donors, as in the case of a results-based aid
 programme rewarding reported vaccination rates. Second, national
 governments are themselves misled by frontline service providers, as in
 the case of primary education, where official enrolment numbers diverged
 from survey estimates after funding shifted from user fees to per pupil
 government grants. Both syndromes highlight the need for incentive
 compatibility between data systems and funding rules.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 116-132 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968138 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968138 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:116-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Calogero Carletto 
Author-X-Name-First: Calogero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carletto 
Author-Name: Dean Jolliffe 
Author-X-Name-First: Dean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jolliffe 
Author-Name: Raka Banerjee 
Author-X-Name-First: Raka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee 
Title: From Tragedy to Renaissance: Improving Agricultural Data for Better Policies 
Abstract:
 Agricultural development is an essential engine of growth and poverty
 reduction, yet agricultural data suffer from poor quality and narrow
 sectoral focus. There are several reasons for this: (1)
 difficult-to-measure smallholder agriculture is prevalent in poor
 countries; (2) agricultural data are collected with little coordination
 across sectors; and (3) poor analysis undermines the demand for
 high-quality data. This article argues that initiatives like the Global
 Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics bode well for the
 future. Moving from Devarajan's statistical tragedy' to Kiregyera's
 statistical 'renaissance' will take a continued long-term effort by
 individual countries and development partners.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 133-148 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2  
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968140 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968140 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:133-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Rizzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo 
Author-Name: Blandina Kilama 
Author-X-Name-First: Blandina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilama 
Author-Name: Marc Wuyts 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuyts 
Title: The Invisibility of Wage Employment in Statistics on the Informal Economy in Africa: Causes and Consequences 
Abstract:
 This article challenges the claim, along with the statistics that support
 it, that self-employment is by far the dominant employment status in the
 informal economy. The article begins by reviewing key insights from
 relevant literature on the informal economy to argue that conventional
 notions of 'wage employment' and 'self-employment', while unfit for
 capturing the nature and variety of employment relations in developing
 countries, remain central to the design of surveys on the workforce
 therein. After putting statistics on Tanzania's informal economy and
 labour force into context, the analysis reviews the type of wage
 employment relationships that can be found in one instance of the informal
 economy in urban Tanzania. The categories and terms used by workers to
 describe their employment situation are then contrasted with those used by
 the latest labour force survey in Tanzania. The article scrutinises how
 key employment categories have been translated from English into Swahili,
 how the translation biases respondents' answers towards the term
 'self-employment', and how this, in turn, leads to the statistical
 invisibility of wage labour in the informal economy. The article also
 looks at the consequences of this 'statistical tragedy' and at the dangers
 of conflating varied forms of employment, including wage labour, that
 differ markedly in their modes of operation and growth potential.
 Attention is also paid to the trade-offs faced by policy-makers in
 designing better labour force surveys.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 149-161 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968136 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968136 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:149-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Randall 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Randall 
Author-Name: Ernestina Coast 
Author-X-Name-First: Ernestina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coast 
Title: Poverty in African Households: the Limits of Survey and Census Representations 
Abstract:
 African poverty statistics depend on household-level measurements from
 survey data, making the definition of household of critical importance.
 Detailed case studies from Tanzania and Burkina Faso explore (1)
 understandings of household membership and ambiguities, and (2) how well
 survey definitions capture households as economic units, and the
 implications for household size and responses to and mitigation of
 poverty. We develop an analytic framework of 'open' and 'closed'
 households. 'Open' households cope with poverty using flexibility,
 movement and extra-household networks, but are poorly represented by
 survey data. Closed households are likely to be better described by survey
 data.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 162-177 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968135 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968135 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:162-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abebe Shimeles 
Author-X-Name-First: Abebe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimeles 
Author-Name: Mthuli Ncube 
Author-X-Name-First: Mthuli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ncube 
Title: The Making of the Middle-Class in Africa: Evidence from DHS Data 
Abstract:
 This article examines the size and profile of the middle class in Africa
 using alternative definitions based on pooled unit record data from the
 Demographic and Health Survey for 37 African countries covering the period
 1990-2011. Results suggest that size of the middle class has grown
 modestly in many countries in the 2000 decade as compared with the 1990s.
 The article approached the making of the middle class in Africa from
 institutional and policy perspectives. Quality of institutions, ethnic
 fractionalisation and education play a significant role in determining the
 rise of the middle class.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 178-193 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968137 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968137 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:178-193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Jerven 
Author-X-Name-First: Morten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jerven 
Author-Name: Yemi Kale 
Author-X-Name-First: Yemi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kale 
Author-Name: Magnus Ebo Duncan 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus Ebo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Duncan 
Author-Name: Moffat Nyoni 
Author-X-Name-First: Moffat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyoni 
Title: GDP Revisions and Updating Statistical Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: Reports from the Statistical Offices in Nigeria, Liberia and Zimbabwe 
Abstract:
 The quality of economic statistics in Africa has been likened to a
 statistical tragedy. Currently many statistical systems in Africa are
 being updated. This report from the statistical offices in Nigeria,
 Liberia and Zimbabwe documents that base year, data and methods used to
 generate GDP estimates currently date from 1990, 1992 and 1994. There is a
 growing need for macroeconomic statistics, but a rebasing of GDP estimates
 is costly and time consuming. The work to update economic statistics in
 Nigeria and Zimbabwe is still ongoing, while efforts to generate an
 authoritative estimate of the Liberian economy have proved unsuccessful.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 194-207 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.968139 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.968139 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:2:p:194-207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rasmus Heltberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heltberg 
Author-Name: Ana Mar�a Oviedo 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Mar�a 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oviedo 
Author-Name: Faiyaz Talukdar 
Author-X-Name-First: Faiyaz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Talukdar 
Title: What do Household Surveys <italic>Really</italic> Tell Us about Risk, Shocks, and Risk Management in the Developing World? 
Abstract:
 We report on a project to explore empirical patterns in risk, shocks and
 risk management using recent household surveys with risk modules from 16
 different developing countries. Natural disasters, health shocks, economic
 shocks, and asset loss are the most commonly reported types of shocks and,
 especially for the poor, often result in 'bad' coping responses that may
 perpetuate vulnerability. The information culled from these survey modules
 falls short of expectations in several ways.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 209-225 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.959934 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.959934 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:3:p:209-225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natascha Wagner 
Author-X-Name-First: Natascha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wagner 
Title: Female Genital Cutting and Long-Term Health Consequences - Nationally Representative Estimates across 13 Countries 
Abstract:
 Using cross-sectional data from 13 African countries, I compare long-term
 health outcomes across cut and uncut women. This study is the first to use
 nationally representative data. Consistent with medical research, no
 evidence of general health impairments or decreased fertility induced by
 female genital cutting (FGC) is found; rather cut women have more
 children. The most pronounced long-term health impairments are a 24 per
 cent increase in the odds of contracting sexually transmitted infections
 and a 15 per cent increase in genital problems. Concomitantly, the odds
 that a cut woman will marry before an uncut woman are 13 per cent.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 226-246 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.976620 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.976620 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:3:p:226-246




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Cristia 
Author-X-Name-First: Julian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cristia 
Author-Name: William N. Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: William N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Author-Name: Beomsoo Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: Beomsoo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Title: Improving the Health Coverage of the Rural Poor: Does Contracting-Out Mobile Medical Teams Work? 
Abstract:
 Low population density in rural developing countries coupled with
 deficient infrastructure, weak state capacity and limited budgets makes
 increasing health care coverage difficult. Contracting-out mobile medical
 teams may be a helpful solution in this context. This article examines the
 impact of a large-scale programme of this type in Guatemala. We document
 large impacts on immunisation rates for children and prenatal care
 provider choices. The programme increased substantially the role of
 physician and nurses at the expense of traditional midwives. The results
 indicate that mobile medical teams substantially increased coverage of
 health care services in Guatemala, and could be effective in other
 developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 247-261 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.976617 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.976617 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gian Nicola Francesconi 
Author-X-Name-First: Gian Nicola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Francesconi 
Author-Name: Fleur Wouterse 
Author-X-Name-First: Fleur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wouterse 
Title: The Health of Farmer-Based Organisations in Ghana: Organisational Diagnostics and Governance Implications 
Abstract:
 In this paper we use primary data on 500 Ghanaian FBOs collected through
 semi-structured interviews and risky dictator games (RDG) to test the
 validity of the cooperative life cycle theory and formulate a measure of
 cooperative health. We first define cooperative health as the alignment of
 heterogeneity in risk preferences and the effectuation of collective
 investments. We then use cluster and correlation analysis to categorize
 FBOs on the basis of their health and correlate these typologies with
 various performance indicators. Our findings reveal that organizational
 health is generally low as there are only a few organizations that manage
 to provide member-farmers with both risk-sharing and cost-saving
 opportunities. Further, healthier FBOs experience stronger growth in
 membership while health is lower in FBOs that have been established for
 the purpose of benefitting from external incentives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 262-273 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.957275 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.957275 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Devahive 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Devahive 
Author-Name: Elisabeth Paul 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paul 
Author-Name: Salif Samak� 
Author-X-Name-First: Salif 
Author-X-Name-Last: Samak� 
Author-Name: Issa Berth� 
Author-X-Name-First: Issa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berth� 
Author-Name: Moussa Yattara 
Author-X-Name-First: Moussa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yattara 
Author-Name: Marc Poncelet 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poncelet 
Title: Stakeholder Incentives and Aid Effectiveness - A Case Study in the Health District of Kayes in Mali 
Abstract:
 This case study analyses how far donors implement aid effectiveness
 principles at the health district level in Mali, and why. It shows that
 not all aid effectiveness principles are implemented at a similar degree.
 Most projects have limited impact on health services, but many programmes
 supported by donors offer positive opportunities for health system
 strengthening. The representations of different categories of stakeholders
 diverge - notably, regarding the role of different actors in service
 provision. A number of consistent strategic logics influence actors'
 behaviour. We show that while many donors have committed at global level
 to respect aid effectiveness principles, implementation lags behind.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 274-286 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.976619 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.976619 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:3:p:274-286




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edoardo Masset 
Author-X-Name-First: Edoardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Masset 
Author-Name: Lawrence Haddad 
Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haddad 
Title: Does beneficiary farmer feedback improve project performance? An impact study of a participatory monitoring intervention in Mindanao, Philippines 
Abstract:
 Does farmer involvement in the monitoring of agricultural interventions
 improve the impact of those interventions? This article investigates the
 impact of a beneficiary feedback mechanism (ParFARM) on the performance of
 a farmers' field school project in the Philippines. A participatory
 feed-back module was randomly allocated to farmer field schools and its
 impact was observed on a series of outcomes. We find that ParFARM
 increases farmers' motivation and improves project performance as measured
 by farmers' agricultural knowledge and practices. The intervention,
 however, does not, within the context of a one-year treatment, increase
 agricultural yields. Unlike much of the impact literature focusing on the
 comparison of groups with and without the intervention, we analyse impact
 over the entire intensity of treatment and we find that the impact of
 ParFARM increases with the number of farmer field school sessions
 attended. Our results suggest that farmer field school interventions can
 be made more participatory and that this can increase their effectiveness.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 287-304 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.959933 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.959933 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:3:p:287-304




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole M. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Gender and Livelihood Diversification: Maasai Women's Market Activities in Northern Tanzania 
Abstract:
 East African pastoralists are increasingly diversifying their livelihoods
 to bring cash into the household. While men dominate these activities,
 women's contributions to household economies through new market activities
 make them pivotal players in livelihood diversification. This article
 compares Maasai women's income-earning activities at local markets with
 their market activities at the gemstone mining area of Mererani. It shows
 that women's economic activities simultaneously challenge and reify a
 pastoral gender system and that this differs according to a woman's family
 and household status. In addition, it addresses the implications of these
 processes for rural development initiatives aimed at empowering women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 305-318 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.957278 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.957278 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Claude Bizimana 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Claude 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bizimana 
Author-Name: Jay P. Angerer 
Author-X-Name-First: Jay P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Angerer 
Author-Name: David A. Bessler 
Author-X-Name-First: David A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bessler 
Author-Name: Francis Keita 
Author-X-Name-First: Francis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keita 
Title: Cattle Markets Integration and Price Discovery: The Case of Mali 
Abstract:
 This article analyses the level of integration in 10 cattle markets in
 Mali. The results indicate a limited interdependence among markets where,
 in majority of cases, more than 70 per cent of price variation is due to
 own-price shocks. However, the S�gou market exhibited a high level of
 interaction with other markets, behaving mostly as a price information
 receiver. Some markets behaved as sources of price information, however,
 without taking a clear price leadership role. This low level of market
 integration may be attributed to limited access to livestock markets and
 timely price information.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 319-334 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.963564 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.963564 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Trebilcock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trebilcock 
Author-Name: Michael Rosenstock 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenstock 
Title: Infrastructure Public-Private Partnerships in the Developing World: Lessons from Recent Experience 
Abstract:
 Seeking to address inefficient and costly infrastructure delivery,
 governments over the past two decades have turned to public-private
 partnerships (PPPs) to build and operate infrastructure. The key
 characteristic of PPPs is the outsourcing and 'bundling' of project
 delivery components (for example, design, build, finance, operate),
 structured to incentivise the builder-operator to incorporate long-term
 operating cost considerations in the design and construction phases of a
 project and reduce coordination costs. This article reviews the benefits
 and drawbacks of PPPs and the experience to date, focusing in particular
 on developing economies. Relative to traditional procurement, PPPs are
 complex, and require governments to anticipate and plan for contingencies
 and conduct monitoring and enforcement of long-term contracts. We argue
 that institutional capacity is a key determinant of PPP success and in
 mitigating potentially welfare-reducing contract renegotiations evident in
 the Latin American experience.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 335-354 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.959935 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.959935 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Barnes 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes 
Author-Name: Krishna Shekhar Lal Das 
Author-X-Name-First: Krishna Shekhar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lal Das 
Author-Name: Surendra Pratap 
Author-X-Name-First: Surendra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pratap 
Title: Labour Contractors and Global Production Networks: The Case of India's Auto Supply Chain 
Abstract:
 Research on labour in global production networks has raised serious
 questions about the role played by labour contractors. This article uses a
 case study of automotive components production in north India to show how
 labour contractors assist firms to adapt to the rigours of competition in
 supply chains. We demonstrate that a regional contract labour system has
 enabled employers to keep wages low, increase firm flexibility, offload
 the burden of monitoring and controlling workers and undermine collective
 bargaining and trade union rights. These problems further expose serious
 weaknesses in the implementation and enforcement of labour laws in India.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 355-369 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.983908 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.983908 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rodrigo Montero 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montero 
Author-Name: Tom�s Rau 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom�s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rau 
Title: Part-time Work, Job Satisfaction and Well-being: Evidence from a Developing OECD Country 
Abstract:
 We estimate the effects of part-time work on job and life satisfaction
 using new data for Chile. While part-time work is being promoted to
 increase female labour participation in many countries, there are concerns
 about its quality and the overall effect on well-being of such policies.
 We estimate models for job and life satisfaction addressing for
 endogeneity and selectivity bias. We found that part-time work has a
 negative effect on job satisfaction and well-being for men; however, when
 looking at just women, the negative effect is reversed. This should be
 considered when designing public policies oriented at increasing female
 labour participation through part-time work.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 370-385 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.963567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.963567 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alvaro Forteza 
Author-X-Name-First: Alvaro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forteza 
Author-Name: Graciela Sanroman 
Author-X-Name-First: Graciela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanroman 
Title: Social Security and Retirement in Uruguay 
Abstract:
 We estimate a structural life-cycle model for retirement behaviour using
 work history records of the main Uruguayan pension programme. The
 estimated coefficient of relative risk aversion is around 1.5 and the
 estimated discount rate is about 1.8 per cent per annum. The marginal
 disutility of work increases with age and is larger for women than men,
 and for private than public employees. Simulations show a very low impact
 of the 1995 pension reform on retirement ages. Many individuals in this
 population respond little to economic incentives and some individuals
 would advance rather than postpone retirement after the reform.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 386-406 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.983911 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.983911 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Di Paolo 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Paolo 
Author-Name: Aysit Tansel 
Author-X-Name-First: Aysit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tansel 
Title: Returns to Foreign Language Skills in a Developing Country: The Case of Turkey 
Abstract:
 This paper analyses the economic value of foreign languages in Turkey
 using data on some 6000 adult male wage-earners in 2007. We find positive
 earnings returns to proficiency in English and Russian, which increase
 with the level of competence. French and German skills are also positively
 rewarded, although their return seems mostly linked to the likelihood to
 hold specific occupations. In contrast, knowing Arabic does not generate
 an earnings premium. Focusing on English, we check for heterogeneous
 returns along the conditional earnings distribution. The results are
 qualitatively invariant when we account for misclassification errors in
 self-reported English skills.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 407-421 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1019482 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1019482 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olga Shemyakina 
Author-X-Name-First: Olga 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shemyakina 
Title: Exploring the Impact of Conflict Exposure during Formative Years on Labour Market Outcomes in Tajikistan 
Abstract:
 This study explores the effect of the 1992-1998 armed conflict in
 Tajikistan on the labour market outcomes by gender. The focus is on
 cohorts that were of school age during the conflict or recently entered
 the labour force. The regression analysis controls for the cohort and
 district-level exposure to conflict. Younger women but not men who also
 lived in regions more affected by conflict were at least 10 percentage
 points more likely to be employed than similarly aged women from lesser
 affected districts. These results suggest a change in female employment
 patterns potentially induced by war.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 422-446 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.976616 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.976616 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lawrence Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Author-Name: Rhys Jenkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhys 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenkins 
Title: The Impact of Chinese Import Penetration on the South African Manufacturing Sector 
Abstract:
 This article uses a Chenery-type decomposition and econometric estimation
 to evaluate the impact of Chinese trade on production and employment in
 South African manufacturing from 1992 to 2010. The results suggest that
 increased import penetration from China caused South African manufacturing
 output to be 5 per cent lower in 2010 than it otherwise would have been.
 The estimated reduction of total employment in manufacturing as a result
 of trade with China is larger - in 2010 about 8 per cent - because the
 declines in output were concentrated on labour-intensive industries and
 because the increase in imports raised labour productivity within
 industries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 447-463 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.983912 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.983912 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Subrato Banerjee 
Author-X-Name-First: Subrato 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee 
Title: Testing for Fairness in Regulation: Application to the Delhi Transportation Market 
Abstract:
 I report a remarkable finding, that regulatory authorities, who have no a
 priori knowledge of Rabin's 1993 fairness axioms (associated with a very
 specific utility function), have always proposed legal fares in the
 auto-rickshaw (three-wheeler) market in New Delhi that satisfy them.
 Regulated fares are ignored by auto-rickshaw drivers and customers. They
 bargain on prices among themselves. Newly announced fare hikes are
 effective enough to ensure the prevalence of legal uniform
 (non-negotiated) prices for a considerable amount of time. I suggest that
 the two of the most recent hikes have satisfied Rabin's fairness axioms.
 The results, I report, are robust to different cooperative games of
 bargaining.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 464-483 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.963566 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.963566 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sisir Debnath 
Author-X-Name-First: Sisir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Debnath 
Title: The Impact of Household Structure on Female Autonomy in Developing Countries 
Abstract:
 Joint household structures in which several generations co-reside in a
 single house are common across developing countries. Such households may
 confer benefits on all the family members through household public goods
 <italic>w</italic>ith the patriarch exercising greater control over
 resources. Therefore, the household structure may affect the bargaining
 power of its members. This paper estimates the effect of joint versus
 nuclear household structure in India on the autonomy of women and their
 labour force participation and the heterogeneity in the effects by income,
 caste, and region. I use an instrumental variable approach and find that
 women living in nuclear households have greater decision-making power.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 485-502 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.983909 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.983909 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kehinde F. Ajayi 
Author-X-Name-First: Kehinde F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajayi 
Author-Name: Marric Buessing 
Author-X-Name-First: Marric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buessing 
Title: Gender Parity and Schooling Choices 
Abstract:
 We examine the determinants of gender differences in schooling choices
 using data on 290,000 secondary school applicants in Ghana. Over a quarter
 of female students choose home economics as their preferred field of study
 compared to two per cent of males. We find that schooling choices vary
 significantly with academic performance and educational norms. Higher
 performing female students and those from districts with a history of
 gender parity in educational attainment are less likely to choose home
 economics. Differences across geographic areas account for more of the
 variation in schooling choices than observable individual, family, and
 school-level characteristics can explain.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 503-522 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989992 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989992 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Bouquet 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouquet 
Author-Name: Sol�ne Morvant-Roux 
Author-X-Name-First: Sol�ne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morvant-Roux 
Author-Name: Gerardo Rodriguez-Solis 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez-Solis 
Title: Agricultural Workers, Credit Rationing and Family Networks in Rural Mexico 
Abstract:
 We use mixed methods and first-hand household data in Mexico to
 investigate credit practices by households engaged in agricultural wage
 employment. Quantitative analysis shows evidence of rationing in the
 formal sector but also suggests the existence of mitigating mechanisms.
 Qualitative analysis provides additional insights. First, income patterns
 associated with agricultural wage generate income smoothing needs that are
 sometimes better met by the informal sector. Second, family networks can
 perform key functions as gateways to the formal sector, through specific
 informal arrangements that inject flexibility into formal rules and
 procedures.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 523-537 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.983910 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.983910 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Le De 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Le De 
Author-Name: J. C. Gaillard 
Author-X-Name-First: J. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaillard 
Author-Name: W. Friesen 
Author-X-Name-First: W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Friesen 
Title: Poverty and Disasters: Do Remittances Reproduce Vulnerability? 
Abstract:
 In many low-income countries, remittances are important in sustaining
 people's livelihood and become even more significant during disasters.
 Meanwhile, the literature suggests that remittances are mainly accessible
 to middle and upper-income households, rather than to the poorest, thus
 implying differential capacities amongst households to overcome crises.
 The present study uses cyclone Evan that hit Samoa in December 2012 as a
 case study to test this hypothesis. It focuses on the village of Tafitoala
 and draws on interviews and participatory activities undertaken with the
 poorest households of the community. It indicates that the poor receive
 little to no remittances and that they struggled more than the rest of the
 community to cope with and recover from the cyclone. Their lack of access
 to remittances had negative consequences on the security and
 sustainability of their livelihoods. We conclude that remittances
 reproduce or even increase both inequalities and vulnerabilities existing
 within the community of origin.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 538-553 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989995 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989995 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralitza Dimova 
Author-X-Name-First: Ralitza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova 
Author-Name: Fran�ois-Charles Wolff 
Author-X-Name-First: Fran�ois-Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolff 
Title: Remittances and Chain Migration: Longitudinal Evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina 
Abstract:
 Most of the literature on remittances focuses on their implications for
 the welfare of family members in the country of origin and disregards
 their role as facilitator of chain migration. We address this issue with
 the use of longitudinal data from Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the
 primary exporters of migrants and recipients of remittances in the world.
 We find that remittances have a significant positive impact on the
 migration prospects of their recipients. Better-endowed people are most
 likely to migrate, which highlights a potential negative implication of
 migration and remittances.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 554-568 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.984898 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.984898 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carmen Kislat 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kislat 
Title: Why are Informal Loans Still a Big Deal? Evidence from North-east Thailand 
Abstract:
 This article examines the use and benefit of informal loans for different
 income groups of rural households in north-east Thailand. Using a
 difference-in-differences estimation approach, which is later complemented
 by propensity score matching, the article shows that different household
 groups profit from informal loans in different ways. Poor households
 increase their asset endowment, and in particular farming assets, whereas
 rich households' (food) consumption rises, especially if households borrow
 due to a shock. By showing that informal loans serve different households
 for different purposes, this article provides an explanation why they
 still play an important role.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 569-585 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.983907 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.983907 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kobil Ruziev 
Author-X-Name-First: Kobil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruziev 
Author-Name: Peter Midmore 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Midmore 
Title: Connectedness and SME Financing in Post-Communist Economies: Evidence from Uzbekistan 
Abstract:
 This paper investigates effects of interpersonal links with bureaucrats on
 SME access to formal finance. A survey of 502 SMEs in post-communist
 Uzbekistan shows fewer SMEs with government connections express a need for
 external finance, but success rates of applications are higher than for
 SMEs without connections. Econometric models show government-connected
 SMEs receive more formal credit than their counterparts. The small share
 of SME credit available is thus distributed in favour of those
 capitalising on bureaucratic links, with consequent resource
 misallocation. Findings imply that greater SME credit flows need
 supplementing with capacity building that improves bank transparency and
 efficiency.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 586-602 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989991 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989991 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier J. Walther 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walther 
Title: Business, Brokers and Borders: The Structure of West African Trade Networks 
Abstract:
 The objective of this paper is to show how a formal approach to networks
 can make a significant contribution to the study of cross-border trade in
 West Africa. Building on the formal tools and theories developed by social
 network analysis, we examine the network organisation of 136 large traders
 in two border regions between Niger, Nigeria and Benin. In a business
 environment where transaction costs are extremely high, we find that
 decentralised networks are well adapted to the various uncertainties
 induced by long-distance trade. We also find that long-distance trade
 relies both on the trust and cooperation shared among local traders, and
 on the distant ties developed with foreign partners from a different
 origin, religion or culture. Studying the spatial structure of trade
 networks, we find that in those markets where trade is recent and where
 most of the traders are not native of the region, national borders are
 likely to exert a greater influence than in those regions where trade has
 pre-colonial roots. Combining formal network analysis and ethnographic
 studies, we argue, can make a significant contribution to the current
 revival of interest in cross-border trade in the policy field.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 603-620 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010152 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010152 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Upasak Das 
Author-X-Name-First: Upasak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Das 
Title: Can the Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme Reduce Rural Out-migration: Evidence from West Bengal, India 
Abstract:
 Using survey data from the Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, the paper
 documents the impact of the rural employment guarantee scheme in reducing
 rural out-migration. Using regression framework and case studies, it finds
 no significant impact of household participation in the programme on
 migration decision. However, extent of participation in terms of number of
 days of work and earnings has a significant negative impact on short-term
 migration but not on longer duration ones. The findings lay emphasis on
 effective implementation in terms of asset creation, reduction in
 rationing of works and tackling delayed payments to enjoy its potential
 benefits.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 621-641 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989997 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989997 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sujata Balasubramanian 
Author-X-Name-First: Sujata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanian 
Title: Is the PDS Already a Cash Transfer? Rethinking India's Food Subsidy Policies 
Abstract:
 Critics argue that India's mismanaged Public Distribution System (PDS),
 which sells subsidised cereals to poor families, should be replaced by
 cash transfers. Others fear cash may be misused. Using National Sample
 Survey data, this article demonstrates that families treat additional PDS
 subsidies wholly as a source of cash - exactly like a cash transfer. More
 worryingly, cereal consumption has not increased, despite higher real
 subsidies. Moreover, neither the PDS nor cash transfers are likely to
 raise total food expenditure in poor families. Finally, therefore, the
 paper explores how higher food consumption and other objectives of PDS
 subsidies may be achieved.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 642-659 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.997221 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.997221 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shubhashis Gangopadhyay 
Author-X-Name-First: Shubhashis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gangopadhyay 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: Bhupesh Yadav 
Author-X-Name-First: Bhupesh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yadav 
Title: Cash or In-kind Transfers? Evidence from a Randomised Controlled Trial in Delhi, India 
Abstract:
 This article examines a randomised intervention in Delhi, India, that
 provided unconditional cash transfers to a group of households as a
 replacement for the food security offered by a below-poverty-level card.
 The experimental approach can differentiate beneficial effects due to
 either unconditional cash transfers or newly opened bank accounts. The
 unconditional cash transfer does not induce a decline in food security;
 rather, it provides opportunities for households to shift to other
 nutritious options in non-cereal product categories.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 660-673 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.997219 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.997219 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaaitzen de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Gaaitzen 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Author-Name: Marcel Timmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmer 
Author-Name: Klaas de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaas 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Title: Structural Transformation in Africa: Static Gains, Dynamic Losses 
Abstract:
 This paper places recent growth and structural transformation in 11
 Sub-Saharan African countries in historical and international perspective.
 During the early post-independence period, resources were reallocated to
 manufacturing activities with high productivity growth. Structural change
 stalled in the mid-1970s. When it resumed in the 1990s, workers mainly
 relocated to distributive trade services. Productivity levels in these
 activities were higher than in agriculture, enhancing overall economy
 performance. But services productivity growth was sluggish and
 increasingly falling behind the world frontier. These patterns are also
 observed in Latin America, but not in Asia.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 674-688 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.997222 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.997222 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pelle Ahlerup 
Author-X-Name-First: Pelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlerup 
Author-Name: Thushyanthan Baskaran 
Author-X-Name-First: Thushyanthan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baskaran 
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten 
Title: Tax Innovations and Public Revenues in Sub-Saharan Africa 
Abstract:
 We study the effect of two tax innovations - value added taxes (VAT) and
 autonomous revenue authorities (ARA) - on tax revenues in sub-Saharan
 Africa. The dataset consists of 47 countries over 1980-2010. We find that
 VATs have no effect on total tax revenues, neither in the short- nor in
 the long-run. ARAs lead to higher tax revenues in the short- and
 medium-run, but the effect dissipates over time. The main conclusion is
 that tax innovations are not a panacea to overcome the revenue shortages
 in African countries, but they are helpful in the short- and medium-run.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 689-706 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.997223 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.997223 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick S. Ward 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ward 
Author-Name: Vartika Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Vartika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Title: Using Field Experiments to Elicit Risk and Ambiguity Preferences: Behavioural Factors and the Adoption of New Agricultural Technologies in Rural India 
Abstract:
 We conduct a series of experiments in rural India in order to measure
 preferences related to risk, loss, and ambiguity. By combining these
 results with a discrete choice experiment over new and familiar rice
 seeds, we demonstrate how these behavioural parameters affect decisions to
 adopt new agricultural technologies, especially when the new technologies
 are risk reducing. We find that risk averse and loss averse individuals
 are more likely to switch to new seeds demonstrating risk reducing
 characteristics, while, contrary to expectations, ambiguity averse
 individuals are no more willing to retain their status quo than switch to
 cultivating the new variety.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 707-724 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989996 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989996 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lauren M. MacLean 
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: MacLean 
Author-Name: Jennifer N. Brass 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brass 
Author-Name: Sanya Carley 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carley 
Author-Name: Ashraf El-Arini 
Author-X-Name-First: Ashraf 
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Arini 
Author-Name: Scott Breen 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Breen 
Title: Democracy and the Distribution of NGOs Promoting Renewable Energy in Africa 
Abstract:
 Roughly 60 per cent of Africans lack access to electricity, negatively
 impacting development opportunities. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs)
 have started promoting distributed generation - small-scale, localised
 electricity generation - to change this situation. Despite widespread
 need, however, the dispersion of these distributed generation NGOs
 (DG-NGOs) is uneven, with high concentrations in a few African countries.
 Drawing on an original database and field research, we analyse location
 variation among DG-NGOs across the continent. We find that DG-NGOs are
 likely to operate in democratic settings with large populations that lack
 access to electricity. International DG-NGOs are also likely to operate
 where aid allocation levels are relatively high.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 725-742 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989994 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989994 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heath Henderson 
Author-X-Name-First: Heath 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henderson 
Author-Name: Leonardo Corral 
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corral 
Author-Name: Eric Simning 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simning 
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Title: Land Accumulation Dynamics in Developing Country Agriculture 
Abstract:
 Understanding land accumulation dynamics is relevant for policy-makers
 interested in the economic effects of land inequality in developing
 country agriculture. We thus explore and simultaneously test the leading
 theories of micro-level land accumulation dynamics using unique panel data
 from Paraguay. The results suggest that farm growth varies systematically
 with farm size - a formal rejection of stochastic growth theories (that
 is, Gibrat's Law) - and that titled land area may have considerable
 influence on land accumulation. Furthermore, our estimates indicate that a
 dualistic agrarian structure is the likely product of the unfettered
 operation of land markets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 743-761 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.989993 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.989993 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franziska Bieri 
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bieri 
Title: <bold>Diamonds</bold>, Smillie, Ian, Malden MA: Polity Press, 2014, pp. 204, &pound;12.99 (paperback) 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 762-763 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1027539 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1027539 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Glennie 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Glennie 
Title: <bold>The Tyranny of Experts: Economists, Dictators, and the Forgotten Rights of the Poor</bold>, William Easterly, <italic>New York: Basic Books</italic>, 2014, pp. 416, &pound; 16.99, ISBN 978-0465031252<break/><bold>Aid on the Edge of Chaos. Rethinking International Cooperation in a Complex World</bold>, Ben Ramalingham, <italic>Oxford: Oxford University Press</italic>, 2013, pp. 480, &pound; 25.00, ISBN 978-0199578023 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 763-765 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1000047 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1000047 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne-Marie Brook 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne-Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brook 
Title: <bold>Review: Fulfilling Social and Economic Rights</bold>, Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, Terra Lawson-Remer, and Susan Randolph, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015, pp. xvii, 272, &pound;16.99, ISBN 978-0-19-973551-8 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 765-766 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1055678 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1055678 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Toye 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toye 
Title: What I Learned from the <italic>JDS</italic> 
Abstract:
 This article gives an account of what the author learned during four
 decades of his professional association with The Journal of Development
 Studies. The lessons learned include the subjects of entrepreneurship,
 book reviewing, editing, survival skills and succession planning.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 767-771 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1020794 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1020794 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Colclough 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colclough 
Title: From Take-off to Sustained Growth and Maturity - Reflections on a Half-Century of Rapid JDS Development 
Abstract:
 This paper reflects on salient aspects of the development of JDS over its
 first 50 years. The journal's origins and its aspirations to become the
 major inter-disciplinary journal in development studies are described. The
 rapid growth in the number of papers submitted to the journal and in the
 volume of its published articles are documented, and reasons for the
 journal's success are suggested.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 772-783 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1020793 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1020793 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lant Pritchett 
Author-X-Name-First: Lant 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pritchett 
Author-Name: Martina Viarengo 
Author-X-Name-First: Martina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Viarengo 
Title: The State, Socialisation, and Private Schooling: When Will Governments Support Alternative Producers? 
Abstract:
 Understanding the institutional features that can improve learning
 outcomes and reduce inequality is a top priority for international and
 development organisations around the world. Economists appear to have a
 good case for support to non-governmental alternatives as suppliers of
 schooling. However, unlike other policy domains, freer international trade
 or privatisation, economists have been remarkably unsuccessful in
 promoting the adoption of this idea. We develop a general positive model
 of why governments typically produce schooling which introduces the key
 notion of the lack of verifiability of socialisation and instruction of
 beliefs, which makes third party contracting for socialisation
 problematic. We use the model to explain variations around the world in
 levels of private schooling. We also predict the circumstances in which
 efforts to promote the different alternatives to government production -
 like charter, voucher, and scholarship - are likely to be successful.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 784-807 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1034109 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1034109 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felipe Barrera-Osorio 
Author-X-Name-First: Felipe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrera-Osorio 
Author-Name: Dhushyanth Raju 
Author-X-Name-First: Dhushyanth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raju 
Title: Evaluating the Impact of Public Student Subsidies on Low-Cost Private Schools in Pakistan 
Abstract:
 This paper examines the impacts of accountability-based public per-student
 subsidies provided to low-cost private schools in Punjab, Pakistan on
 student enrolment and school inputs. Programme entry is contingent on
 achieving a minimum pass rate on a specially-designed academic test. We
 use regression discontinuity to estimate impacts on schools that joined
 the programme in the last entry round (phase 4) before follow-up survey
 data collection. We find large positive impacts on school enrolment,
 number of teachers, and other inputs for programme schools near the
 minimum pass rate.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 808-825 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028535 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028535 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alvaro Morales 
Author-X-Name-First: Alvaro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morales 
Author-Name: Prakarsh Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Prakarsh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Title: The Effects of Child Physical Maltreatment on Nutritional Outcomes: Evidence from Peru 
Abstract:
 Do children whose parents use physical punishment as a disciplinary method
 have lower anthropometric measures? Using data for Peruvian children aged
 0-5&nbsp;years, we employ instrumental variables for physical punishment
 to overcome endogeneity problems common to the household violence
 literature. Across varying levels of controls, children exposed to
 physical punishment have significantly poorer short-term nutritional
 outcomes; although there is no effect on long-term nutrition. We explore
 heterogeneous effects and potential mechanisms. Children exposed to
 physical maltreatment fall ill more frequently and are less likely to
 access preventive and curative healthcare.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 826-850 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1034110 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1034110 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Azmat Gani 
Author-X-Name-First: Azmat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gani 
Title: Air Quality and Under-five Mortality Rates in the Low-income Countries 
Abstract:
 This study investigates the effects of air quality, measured by
 PM<sub>10</sub> pollution, on mortality among children aged five years and
 less in the low-income category of countries. The empirical results
 obtained from three different estimation procedures consistently reveal
 that PM<sub>10</sub> pollution is positively and statistically
 significantly correlated with deaths among children aged five years and
 less due to acute lower respiratory infections. The empirical findings
 also provide strong evidence that, other than PM<sub>10</sub> pollution,
 health care spending, nutrition and immunisation against diphtheria are
 other significant determinants of mortality among children aged five years
 and less.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 851-864 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.963565 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.963565 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katy Cornwell 
Author-X-Name-First: Katy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cornwell 
Author-Name: Brett Inder 
Author-X-Name-First: Brett 
Author-X-Name-Last: Inder 
Title: Child Health and Rainfall in Early Life 
Abstract:
 This article investigates the links between early-life rainfall and
 long-term child health in Indonesia. The model specification pays close
 attention to the timing of rainfall before and after birth, and to the
 mechanisms by which rainfall might affect health. The model separates out
 effects of the amount of rainfall from variability in rainfall, and the
 direction of variability. Results provide evidence of early life rainfall
 having both nutrition and disease effects on child height-for-age,
 especially for urban children.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 865-880 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.976618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.976618 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Pelowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelowski 
Author-Name: Richard G. Wamai 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wamai 
Author-Name: Joseph Wangombe 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wangombe 
Author-Name: Hellen Nyakundi 
Author-X-Name-First: Hellen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyakundi 
Author-Name: Geofrey O. Oduwo 
Author-X-Name-First: Geofrey O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oduwo 
Author-Name: Benjamin K. Ngugi 
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngugi 
Author-Name: Javier G. Ogembo 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogembo 
Title: Why Don't You Register Your Child? A Study of Attitudes and Factors Affecting Birth Registration in Kenya, and Policy Suggestions 
Abstract:
 Birth registration imposes major challenges in developing countries, with
 importance to rights, health and all levels of development. Despite
 targeted initiatives, often with focus on improved access and information,
 universal registration has been elusive. Using cross-sectional survey from
 Kenya, we provide new evidence for why parents may not register. We report
 high awareness, low barriers - however with over 50 per cent of children
 unregistered. We argue this is due to deliberate, informed choice by
 parents where they weigh perceived costs/benefits. We recommend new focus
 on this deliberation and policy piggybacking hospital delivery,
 vaccination and information and communications technology to re-balance
 parent decision.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 881-904 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010156 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010156 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:7:p:881-904




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seo-Young Cho 
Author-X-Name-First: Seo-Young 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cho 
Title: Human Trafficking, A Shadow of Migration - Evidence from Germany 
Abstract:
 This paper investigates relationship between migration and human
 trafficking in Germany by analyzing macro-level data from 150 countries.
 The empirical results suggest that migrant networks of a specific source
 country pull human trafficking from that respective country. However, the
 migration effect varies across different income levels of source
 countries. The positive effect of migration on human trafficking decreases
 as income increases, and furthermore, the effect is irrelevant to high
 income countries. In addition, the migration effect is particularly
 significant on the criminalisation side of human trafficking, but the
 evidence is less clear when it concerns the victimisation side.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 905-921 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010158 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010158 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Bargain 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bargain 
Author-Name: Delphine Boutin 
Author-X-Name-First: Delphine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boutin 
Title: Remittance Effects on Child Labour: Evidence from Burkina Faso 
Abstract:
 This article explores the effects of remittance receipt on child labour in
 an African context. We focus on Burkina Faso, a country with a high
 prevalence of child labour and a high rate of migration. Given the complex
 relationship between remittance receipt and household time allocation
 decisions, we instrument remittances using economic conditions in
 remittance-sending countries and explore heterogeneous effects across
 different types of potential remitters. While remittances have no
 significant effect on child labour on average, transfers reduce child
 labour in long-term migrant households, for whom the disruptive effect of
 migration is no longer felt. We find no gender difference but remittances
 seem to affect mainly the labour market participation of younger children.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 922-938 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010154 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010154 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Greco 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco 
Title: <bold>The Political Economy of Tanzania: Decline and Recovery</bold>, Edited by Michael Lofchie, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014, pp. 265, &pound;39, ISBN 9780812245905 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 939-941 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1040690 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1040690 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Bauer 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bauer 
Title: <bold>Taming Tibet: Landscape Transformation and the Gift of Chinese Development</bold>, Edited by Emily Yeh, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013, pp. 344, $75.00, ISBN 0801451558 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 941-943 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1040691 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1040691 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gero Carletto 
Author-X-Name-First: Gero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carletto 
Author-Name: Marie Ruel 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruel 
Author-Name: Paul Winters 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters 
Author-Name: Alberto Zezza 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zezza 
Title: Farm-Level Pathways to Improved Nutritional Status: Introduction to the Special Issue 
Abstract:
 Global, national and local policies and programmes for agricultural
 development are recurrently justified based on their alleged role in
 improving food and nutrition security. However, strikingly little evidence
 is available to prove that a direct, household-level link between
 agricultural production and improved nutrition exists. The objective of
 this special issue is to systematically and empirically test, using data
 from Africa and South Asia, whether a relationship between household
 agricultural production and nutrition can be found. Overall, the studies
 in this special issue support the hypothesis that household agricultural
 production has direct and important linkages with dietary patterns and
 nutrition.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 945-957 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018908 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018908 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Hoddinott 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott 
Author-Name: Derek Headey 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Headey 
Author-Name: Mekdim Dereje 
Author-X-Name-First: Mekdim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dereje 
Title: Cows, Missing Milk Markets, and Nutrition in Rural Ethiopia 
Abstract:
 In rural economies encumbered by significant market imperfections, farming
 decisions may partly be motivated by nutritional considerations, in
 addition to income and risk factors. These imperfections create the
 potential for farm assets to have direct dietary impacts on nutrition in
 addition to any indirect effects via income. We test this hypothesis for
 the dairy sector in rural Ethiopia, finding that cow ownership raises
 children's milk consumption, increases linear growth, and reduces
 stunting. We also find that household cow ownership is less important
 where there is good access to local markets, suggesting that market
 development can substitute for household cow ownership.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 958-975 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018903 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018903 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:8:p:958-975




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Dillon 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dillon 
Author-Name: Kevin McGee 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGee 
Author-Name: Gbemisola Oseni 
Author-X-Name-First: Gbemisola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oseni 
Title: Agricultural Production, Dietary Diversity and Climate Variability 
Abstract:
 Nonseparable household modelsoutline the interlinkage between agricultural
 production and household consumption, yet empirical extensions to
 investigate the effect of production on dietary diversity and diet
 composition are limited. While a significant literature has investigated
 the calorie-income elasticity abstracting from production, this paper
 provides an empirical application of the nonseparable household model
 linking the effect of exogenous variation in planting season production
 decisions via climate variability on household dietary diversity. Using
 degree days, rainfall and agricultural capital stocks as instruments, the
 effect of production on household dietary diversity at harvest is
 estimated. The empirical specifications estimate production effects on
 dietary diversity using both agricultural revenue and crop production
 diversity. Significant effects of both agricultural revenue and crop
 production diversity on dietary diversity are estimated. The dietary
 diversity-production elasticities imply that a 10 per cent increase in
 agricultural revenue or crop diversity result in a 1.8 per cent or 2.4 per
 cent increase in dietary diversity respectively. These results illustrate
 that agricultural income growth or increased crop diversity may not be
 sufficient to ensure improved dietary diversity. Increases in agricultural
 revenue do change diet composition. Estimates of the effect of
 agricultural income on share of calories by food groups indicate
 relatively large changes in diet composition. On average, a 10 per cent
 increase in agricultural revenue makes households 7.2 per cent more likely
 to consume vegetables, 3.5 per cent more likely to consume fish, and
 increases the share of tubers consumed by 5.2 per cent.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 976-995 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018902 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018902 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan de Brauw 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Brauw 
Author-Name: Patrick Eozenou 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eozenou 
Author-Name: Mourad Moursi 
Author-X-Name-First: Mourad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moursi 
Title: Programme Participation Intensity and Children's Nutritional Status: Evidence from a Randomised Control Trial in Mozambique 
Abstract:
 Agricultural interventions are thought to have the potential to improve
 nutrition, but little rigorous evidence is available about programmes that
 link the two. In this article, we study impacts of an integrated
 agricultural and nutritional biofortification project, the REU in
 Mozambique. We first provide evidence on dietary impacts of the programme
 and then examine impacts of the programme by participation intensity.
 Using OLS and IV techniques, we find that more intense participation in
 both project components led to larger impacts. The results therefore have
 important implications for refining the design of future projects
 attempting to link agricultural and nutrition interventions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 996-1015 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018907 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018907 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:8:p:996-1015




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vanya Slavchevska 
Author-X-Name-First: Vanya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slavchevska 
Title: Agricultural Production and the Nutritional Status of Family Members in Tanzania 
Abstract:
 The paper studies the effect of crop output value and livestock ownership
 on the nutrition of children, adolescents and adults in agricultural
 households. Using anthropometric data to measure nutritional status, this
 paper finds that both crop values and large livestock ownership have
 positive and significant effects on the nutrition of children under age
 10. The effects persist after controlling for household socioeconomic
 status. Higher crop values and ownership of livestock are linked to better
 long-term indicators of nutrition (height-for-age) among the youngest
 children and better short-term indicators (BMI-for-age and weight-for-age)
 among older children. The effects also vary between boys and girls.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1016-1033 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018906 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018906 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:8:p:1016-1033




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Azzarri 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Azzarri 
Author-Name: Alberto Zezza 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zezza 
Author-Name: Beliyou Haile 
Author-X-Name-First: Beliyou 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haile 
Author-Name: Elizabeth Cross 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross 
Title: Does Livestock Ownership Affect Animal Source Foods Consumption and Child Nutritional Status? Evidence from Rural Uganda 
Abstract:
 In many developing countries consumption of animal source foods (ASF)
 among the poor is still at a level where increasing its share in total
 caloric intake may have many positive nutritional benefits. This paper
 explores whether ownership of different livestock species increases
 consumption of ASF and helps improving child nutritional status, finding
 some evidence that both food consumption patterns and nutritional outcomes
 may be affected by livestock ownership in rural Uganda. Our results are
 suggestive that promoting (small) livestock ownership has the potential
 for affecting human nutrition in rural Uganda, but further research is
 needed to more precisely estimate the direction and size of these effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1034-1059 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018905 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018905 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:8:p:1034-1059




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neha Kumar 
Author-X-Name-First: Neha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar 
Author-Name: Jody Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Jody 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Author-Name: Rahul Rawat 
Author-X-Name-First: Rahul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rawat 
Title: If They Grow It, Will They Eat and Grow? Evidence from Zambia on Agricultural Diversity and Child Undernutrition 
Abstract:
 In this article we address a gap in our understanding of how household
 agricultural production diversity affects the diets and nutrition of young
 children living in rural farming communities in sub-Saharan Africa. The
 specific objectives of this article are to assess: (1) the association
 between household agricultural production diversity and child dietary
 diversity; and (2) the association between household agricultural
 production diversity and child nutritional status. We use household survey
 data collected from 3,040 households as part of the Realigning Agriculture
 for Improved Nutrition (RAIN) intervention in Zambia. The data indicate
 low agricultural diversity, low dietary diversity and high levels of
 chronic malnutrition overall in this area. We find a strong positive
 association between production diversity and dietary diversity among
 younger children aged 6-23&nbsp;months, and significant positive
 associations between production diversity and height for age Z-scores and
 stunting among older children aged 24-59&nbsp;months.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1060-1077 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018901 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018901 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerald Shively 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shively 
Author-Name: Celeste Sununtnasuk 
Author-X-Name-First: Celeste 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sununtnasuk 
Title: Agricultural Diversity and Child Stunting in Nepal 
Abstract:
 This article investigates empirical connections between agriculture and
 child nutrition in Nepal. We augment the standard approach to explaining
 child nutrition outcomes by including information about household level
 agricultural production characteristics, including indicators of
 agricultural diversity. Data from the 2010/2011 Nepal Living Standards
 Survey (NLSS) are used in a series of regression models to explain
 stunting outcomes and variation in height-for-age Z-scores among 1,769
 children 0-59&nbsp;months of age. Results highlight the relative
 importance of overall agricultural yields, specific crop groups, and the
 consumption of own-production as factors correlated with long-term
 nutrition among children of different age groups. We find a small positive
 association between the degree of commercial market-orientation of
 households and child HAZ, but only among children under 24&nbsp;months of
 age.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1078-1096 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018900 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018900 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:8:p:1078-1096




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hazel Jean L. Malapit 
Author-X-Name-First: Hazel Jean L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malapit 
Author-Name: Suneetha Kadiyala 
Author-X-Name-First: Suneetha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kadiyala 
Author-Name: Agnes R. Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Author-Name: Kenda Cunningham 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham 
Author-Name: Parul Tyagi 
Author-X-Name-First: Parul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyagi 
Title: Women's Empowerment Mitigates the Negative Effects of Low Production Diversity on Maternal and Child Nutrition in Nepal 
Abstract:
 We use household survey data from Nepal to investigate relationships
 between women's empowerment in agriculture and production diversity on
 maternal and child dietary diversity and anthropometric outcomes.
 Production diversity is positively associated with maternal and child
 dietary diversity, and weight-for-height z-scores. Women's group
 membership, control over income, reduced workload, and overall empowerment
 are positively associated with better maternal nutrition. Control over
 income is positively associated with height-for-age z-scores (HAZ), and a
 lower gender parity gap improves children's diets and HAZ. Women's
 empowerment mitigates the negative effect of low production diversity on
 maternal and child dietary diversity and HAZ.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1097-1123 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1018904 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018904 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Alobo Loison 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alobo Loison 
Title: Rural Livelihood Diversification in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review 
Abstract:
 This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the
 nature and evolution of rural livelihood diversification in sub-Saharan
 Africa, and the situation regarding smallholders. It reveals mixed
 findings about the causes and consequences of livelihood diversification
 on rural smallholders adopting this strategy. A lot of evidence from the
 literature suggests that it is relatively better-off smallholders with
 sufficient assets who achieve successful livelihood diversification,
 mainly by exploiting opportunities and synergies between farm and nonfarm
 activities. Because of asset constraints, increase in incomes and wealth
 based on livelihood diversification has not yet benefitted the large
 majority of smallholders.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1125-1138 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1046445 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1046445 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fred M. Dzanku 
Author-X-Name-First: Fred M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dzanku 
Title: Household Welfare Effects of Agricultural Productivity: A Multidimensional Perspective from Ghana 
Abstract:
 Although poverty reduction policies in developing countries hinge on the
 link between smallholder productivity and welfare, micro level empirical
 evidence on this is limited in sub-Saharan Africa and neglects the
 multidimensionality of welfare. This article contributes through
 investigating the productivity-poverty relationship using a number of
 welfare measures with a three-period panel dataset for Ghana. The findings
 are that welfare is increasing with labour productivity irrespective of
 the measure used, but that dramatic increases in productivity would be
 required to achieve meaningful poverty reduction.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1139-1154 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010153 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010153 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:9:p:1139-1154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mara van den Bold 
Author-X-Name-First: Mara 
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Bold 
Author-Name: Andrew Dillon 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dillon 
Author-Name: Deanna Olney 
Author-X-Name-First: Deanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olney 
Author-Name: Marcellin Ouedraogo 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcellin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouedraogo 
Author-Name: Abdoulaye Pedehombga 
Author-X-Name-First: Abdoulaye 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedehombga 
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing 
Title: Can Integrated Agriculture-Nutrition Programmes Change Gender Norms on Land and Asset Ownership? Evidence from Burkina Faso 
Abstract:
 This article uses a mixed-methods approach to analyse the impact of an
 integrated agriculture and nutrition programme in Burkina Faso on women's
 and men's assets, and norms regarding ownership, use and control of
 assets. We use a cluster-randomised controlled trial to determine whether
 productive asset transfers and increased income-generating opportunities
 for women increase women's assets over time. Qualitative work on gender
 norms finds that although men still own and control most assets, women
 have greater decision-making power and control over home gardens and their
 produce, and attitudes towards women owning property have become more
 favourable in treatment areas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1155-1174 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1036036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1036036 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:9:p:1155-1174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amparo Palacios-L�pez 
Author-X-Name-First: Amparo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palacios-L�pez 
Author-Name: Ram�n L�pez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ram�n 
Author-X-Name-Last: L�pez 
Title: The Gender Gap in Agricultural Productivity: The Role of Market Imperfections 
Abstract:
 This paper hypothesises that labour and credit market imperfections - by
 discouraging off-farm income-generating activities and restricting access
 to inputs, respectively - affect female farm productivity more deeply than
 male productivity. The paper develops a theoretical model, which
 decomposes the contribution of various market imperfections to the gender
 productivity gap. Empirically we show that agricultural labour
 productivity is, on average, 44 per cent lower on female-headed plots than
 on those managed by male heads. 34 per cent of this gap is explained by
 differences in labour market access and 29 per cent by differences in
 credit access.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1175-1192 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028539 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028539 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:9:p:1175-1192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Randall Bluffstone 
Author-X-Name-First: Randall 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bluffstone 
Author-Name: Mahmud Yesuf 
Author-X-Name-First: Mahmud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yesuf 
Author-Name: Takuro Uehara 
Author-X-Name-First: Takuro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uehara 
Author-Name: Bilisuma Bushie 
Author-X-Name-First: Bilisuma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bushie 
Author-Name: Demessie Damite 
Author-X-Name-First: Demessie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Damite 
Title: Livestock and Private Tree Holdings in Rural Ethiopia: The Effects of Collective Action Institutions, Tenure Security and Market Access 
Abstract:
 This article uses househld panel data spanning the period 2000-2007 to
 test hypotheses from the literature that secure land tenure, market access
 and collective action promote accumulation of private capital assets in
 rural highland Ethiopia. The three natural capital assets analysed in the
 article, livestock, eucalyptus trees and non-eucalyptus trees on
 households' farm plots, make up virtually 100 per cent of privately held
 disposable assets. Incomes and capital stocks are extremely low and
 constant and tree assets are at least as important as livestock. We find
 that collective action and secure land tenure have strong positive effects
 on accumulation of livestock and other trees, but not eucalyptus. We also
 find evidence that market access promotes eucalyptus holdings and that
 other types of wealth tend to be positively associated with private
 natural capital stocks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1193-1209 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028533 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028533 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Madhulika Khanna 
Author-X-Name-First: Madhulika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Khanna 
Author-Name: Nishtha Kochhar 
Author-X-Name-First: Nishtha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kochhar 
Author-Name: Nethra Palaniswamy 
Author-X-Name-First: Nethra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palaniswamy 
Title: A Retrospective Impact Evaluation of the Tamil Nadu Empowerment and Poverty Alleviation (Pudhu Vaazhvu) Project 
Abstract:
 Community based livelihood interventions, which focus directly on
 increasing income and employment, have become an increasingly important
 component of large-scale poverty reduction programmes. We evaluate the
 impact of a participatory livelihoods intervention - the Tamil Nadu
 Empowerment and Poverty Reduction (Pudhu Vaazhvu) Project (PVP) using
 propensity score matching methods. The paper explores the impact of PVP on
 its core goals of empowering women and the rural poor, improving their
 economic welfare, and facilitating public action. We find significant
 effects of PVP on reducing the incidence of high cost debt and
 diversifying livelihoods. We also find evidence of women's empowerment,
 and increased political participation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1210-1223 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028538 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028538 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armando Barrientos 
Author-X-Name-First: Armando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrientos 
Author-Name: Juan Miguel Villa 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Villa 
Title: Antipoverty Transfers and Labour Market Outcomes: Regression Discontinuity Design Findings 
Abstract:
 The article estimates the impact of <italic>Familias en Acci�n</italic>, a
 human development conditional cash transfer programme, on adult labour
 market outcomes in urban areas in Colombia. Relying on a regression
 discontinuity design and a large panel dataset, the article finds
 significant, largely positive, but heterogeneous programme effects on
 labour market outcomes. The findings suggest that antipoverty transfers
 enable a re-allocation of household productive resources among participant
 households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1224-1240 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010157 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010157 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marrit van den Berg 
Author-X-Name-First: Marrit 
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Berg 
Author-Name: Robert Lensink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink 
Author-Name: Roselia Servin 
Author-X-Name-First: Roselia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Servin 
Title: Loan Officers' Gender and Microfinance Repayment Rates 
Abstract:
 This study examines the impact of loan officer characteristics on
 repayment rates of microfinance borrowers in Mexico applying multilevel
 analyses, with special attention to the impact of the gender of the loan
 officer on default rates. The results strongly suggest that loan officers
 play a crucial role in improving repayment rates in microfinance and that
 male loan officers are better able to induce borrowers to repay than
 female loan officers. This may be because men exert authority over women
 and face fewer problems working late, travelling through unsafe places,
 and combining a position as counsellor with enforcing repayment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1241-1254 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.997218 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.997218 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farhana I. Madhani 
Author-X-Name-First: Farhana I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madhani 
Author-Name: Catherine Tompkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tompkins 
Author-Name: Susan M. Jack 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jack 
Author-Name: Anita Fisher 
Author-X-Name-First: Anita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fisher 
Title: Participation in Micro-Finance Programmes and Women's Mental Health in South Asia: A Modified Systematic Review 
Abstract:
 Micro-finance provides financial services to poor women from developing
 countries where cultural and social constraints limit their opportunities
 for economic advancement. Using Forbes's process of conducting systematic
 review, 12 quantitative studies from South Asia reporting on the impact of
 micro-finance on women's mental health outcomes were analysed. Overall,
 studies revealed that the duration and depth of involvement in
 micro-finance activities would make a difference in women's mental health
 and not just receiving loans; however, rigorous programme evaluation is
 needed. Collaborative actions by micro-finance and health care
 practitioners to recognise women's mental health needs and to strengthen
 measures to optimise the beneficial effects of micro-finance must be
 considered.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1255-1270 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1036037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1036037 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: <bold>Sir Arthur Lewis: A Biography</bold>, Barbara Ingham and Paul Mosley, <italic>Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan</italic>, 2013, pp. x + 342, &pound;79.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-230-55358-3 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1271-1272 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1073213 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1073213 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Morris 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morris 
Title: <bold>Working with the Grain: Integrating Governance and Growth in Development Strategies</bold>, Brian Levy, <italic>New York: Oxford University Press</italic>, 2014, pp. xvi + 266, &pound;22.99, ISBN 978-0-19-936381-0 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1272-1273 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1058563 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1058563 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Walter D. Valdivia 
Author-X-Name-First: Walter D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdivia 
Author-Name: Kevin Risser 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Risser 
Title: <bold>Innovation and Inequality: Emerging technologies in an unequal world</bold>, Edited by Cozzens, Susan and Dhanaraj Thakur, <italic>Cheltenham</italic>, 2014, pp. 360, hardback 978 1 78195 166 8 ebook, ISBN 978 1 78195 167 5 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1273-1274 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1059070 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1059070 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nathan Fiala 
Author-X-Name-First: Nathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiala 
Title: Economic Consequences of Forced Displacement 
Abstract:
 Over 42 million people worldwide have been forcibly displaced from their
 communities, though little is known about the impact of this movement on
 livelihoods. I use a panel data set and exploit a geographic discontinuity
 to explore the effects of displacement in Uganda. I find that displaced
 households experience a significant initial decrease in consumption. Two
 years after households returned home, displaced households still lag
 behind. However, households in the top quartiles of pre-displacement
 assets have recovered some of their consumption, though with significantly
 reduced education and wealth levels. There is likely little or no recovery
 for the poorest households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1275-1293 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1046446 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1046446 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonja Fransen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fransen 
Title: Remittances, Bonds and Bridges: Remittances and Social Capital in Burundi 
Abstract:
 This study explores the effects of remittances on households' structural
 social capital in urban Burundi. Distinctions are made between bonding and
 bridging social capital, referring to intra- versus inter-network ties of
 family members and friends. The results demonstrate that
 remittance-receiving households invest more in bridging social capital by
 participating in organisations (donating time), but make fewer monetary
 contributions, compared to non-receiving households. Remittances have
 mixed effects on bonding social capital: receiving households give
 significantly less gifts to family members and friends, but are more
 likely to send internal remittances, compared to non-receivers. The
 implications of these findings for post-conflict development are
 discussed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1294-1308 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1041517 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1041517 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gazi Hassan 
Author-X-Name-First: Gazi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassan 
Author-Name: Jo&atilde;o Ricardo Faria 
Author-X-Name-First: Jo&atilde;o Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faria 
Title: Do Remittances Diminish Social Violence? 
Abstract:
 This paper represents the first attempt to formalise the relationship
 between remittances and social violence by developing a model that
 predicts that migrants' remittances lead to the reduction of social
 violence in the recipient economy under the condition that remittances
 increase the average product of labour. Using homicide data as an
 indicator of social violence, we tested our model's prediction.
 Controlling for the endogeneity problem with appropriate instruments, we
 found that remittances tend to reduce social violence. We performed
 sensitivity analysis on remittances in the empirical specification and
 found it robust with an unchanged negative sign.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1309-1325 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1036039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1036039 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Minh T.N. Nguyen 
Author-X-Name-First: Minh T.N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen 
Title: Migration and Care Institutions in Market Socialist Vietnam: Conditionality, Commodification and Moral Authority 
Abstract:
 Since socialist Vietnam embraced a market economy in the mid-1980s, high
 population mobility has engendered shifting forms of insecurity in rural
 livelihoods and family lives. This article discusses how migrant
 households in a Red River Delta rural district draw on institutions of
 care beyond family and kinship to deal with such insecurity. These
 institutions simultaneously respond to local people's changing needs and
 aspirations, and attempt to exert social and moral control. I show the
 increasing conditionality and commodification in the entitlements they
 provide and the differential ability of migrant households in accessing
 them. These rationalities are constitutive of the changing ways in which
 the institutions exert moral authority.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1326-1340 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1066496 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1066496 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:10:p:1326-1340




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith M�llers 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: M�llers 
Author-Name: Wiebke Meyer 
Author-X-Name-First: Wiebke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer 
Author-Name: Sherif Xhema 
Author-X-Name-First: Sherif 
Author-X-Name-Last: Xhema 
Author-Name: Diana Traikova 
Author-X-Name-First: Diana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Traikova 
Author-Name: Gertrud Buchenrieder 
Author-X-Name-First: Gertrud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchenrieder 
Title: Cognitive Constructs and the Intention to Remit 
Abstract:
 This paper explores migrants' motivations to remit from a new, behavioural
 (cognitive) perspective, based on Structural Equation Modelling. We
 supplement the mainstream economic analyses of migrants' observed
 characteristics by analysing remitting behaviour based on the Theory of
 Planned Behaviour (TPB). With this behavioural lens, we show that
 non-tangible, cognitive constructs are highly relevant in explaining the
 intention to remit. Results underline the fact that migrants' attitudes
 and norms, the latter in particular driven by the family, are decisive for
 remitting. Classical socioeconomic variables also show significant
 results, but contribute comparatively little to explaining the intention
 to remit.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1341-1357 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1041518 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1041518 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fran�ois-Charles Wolff 
Author-X-Name-First: Fran�ois-Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolff 
Title: Do the Return Intentions of French Migrants Affect Their Transfer Behaviour? 
Abstract:
 This paper investigates to what extent the return behaviour of migrants
 affects their transfer decisions, both at the extensive and intensive
 margins. We use a unique data set collected on migrants aged 45-70 living
 in France, with detailed information on both return intentions at
 retirement and on private transfers. We find that the temporary nature of
 migration strongly influences the pattern of transfers made by migrants.
 The probability of remitting for either personal savings or to family
 members in the origin country increases by more than 10 percentage points
 with return plans, the latter having no effect on gifts to family members
 living in France. At the intensive margin, the amount of personal savings
 sent to the origin country is about twice as high for migrants who intend
 to return.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1358-1373 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1046443 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1046443 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:10:p:1358-1373




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lloyd-Sherlock 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Sherlock 
Author-Name: Barbara Corso 
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corso 
Author-Name: Nadia Minicuci 
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minicuci 
Title: Widowhood, Socio-Economic Status, Health and Wellbeing in Low and Middle-Income Countries 
Abstract:
 Using data on women aged 50 and over from the WHO's Survey of Ageing and
 Adult Health for China, Ghana, India, the Russian Federation and South
 Africa (N&nbsp;=&nbsp;17,009), we assess associations between widowhood
 and socio-economic, health and quality of life deprivations. We find
 variations in the prevalence and timing of widowhood across the study
 countries, and associations between widowhood and being in the poorest
 wealth quintile for all five countries. For other deprivations, national
 experiences varied, with stronger and more consistent effects for India
 and China. These findings challenge generalised claims about widowhood and
 call for more contextualised analysis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1374-1388 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1066497 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1066497 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:10:p:1374-1388




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehtabul Azam 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehtabul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Azam 
Title: Intergenerational Occupational Mobility among Men in India 
Abstract:
 We examine the intergenerational occupational mobility among men born
 during 1945-1985 in India. We distinguish between prevalence and
 association, and use the Altham Statistic as a measure of distance between
 son-father occupation associations across birth cohorts/social groups. We
 also attempt to isolate the specific odds ratios that account for the
 largest part of the distance. We find that the mobility in the 1975-1984
 birth cohort is higher than the mobility in the 1945-1954 birth cohort.
 Scheduled Castes/Tribes born during 1965-1984 experienced a higher
 mobility compared with the entire 1965-1984 birth cohort or higher castes
 born during 1965-1984.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1389-1408 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1036040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1036040 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:51:y:2015:i:10:p:1389-1408




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renuka Sane 
Author-X-Name-First: Renuka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sane 
Author-Name: Susan Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Title: In Search of Inclusion: Informal Sector Participation in a Voluntary, Defined Contribution Pension System 
Abstract:
 This paper examines who contributes and who persists in contributing in a
 national, voluntary, defined contributory pension programme, where the
 government provides the incentive of matching contributions of a minimum
 amount (USD 16). The paper uses proprietary data from a financial services
 firm where 12 per cent of customers (37,000 individuals) chose to
 participate in this programme. The evidence shows that only about 50 per
 cent of contributors reach the minimum amount for the co-contribution, but
 that participants persist in contributing even if they failed to
 contribute the minimum amount in a given year. While this paper does not
 provide causal estimates, it does present evidence of considerable
 interest among the informal sector in a state-run voluntary pension
 programme in an emerging market where access to formal finance is
 otherwise poor.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1409-1424 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.997220 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.997220 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Russell Jacoby 
Author-X-Name-First: Russell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacoby 
Title: <bold>Capital in the Twenty-First Century</bold>, Thomas Piketty (translated by Arthur Goldhammer), <italic>Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press</italic>, 2014, pp. 696, $39.99 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-674-43000-6 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1425-1427 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1059143 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1059143 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie L. McNulty 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McNulty 
Title: Barriers to Participation: Exploring Gender in Peru's Participatory Budget Process 
Abstract:
 As citizens increasingly work to improve transparency and governance,
 participatory budgeting (PB) has emerged in thousands of cities. Advocates
 argue that PB can serve to educate citizens, increase transparency, and
 even improve living standards in the cities and towns that implement this
 form of public finance. However, we still know very little about how
 inclusive these processes are. This article asks: first, are participatory
 budgeting processes engaging women and men equally? Second, if gender
 exclusion is taking place, why? Finally, what can the development
 community do to begin to eradicate exclusion? Through the case study of
 participatory budgeting in Peru, the article documents that participatory
 budgeting in this country is not inclusive. Economic barriers, combined
 with the fact that women are expected to take on most domestic duties,
 make it very hard for women to actually attend meetings, especially in
 rural areas where poverty and patriarchy are more pronounced.
 Additionally, the weakness of women's organizations prevents many
 organizations from registering to attend these processes. The article
 concludes with recommendations for advocates who wish to rectify these
 challenges through concrete interventions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1429-1443 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1010155 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1010155 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Salma Ahmed 
Author-X-Name-First: Salma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed 
Author-Name: Pushkar Maitra 
Author-X-Name-First: Pushkar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maitra 
Title: A Distributional Analysis of the Gender Wage Gap in Bangladesh 
Abstract:
 This article empirically investigates the gender wage gap in Bangladesh
 during the period 2005-2009. Applying unconditional quantile regression
 models, the article demonstrates that women are paid less than men
 throughout the wage distribution and the gap is higher at the lower end of
 the distribution. Discrimination against women is the primary determinant
 of the wage gap. The article also demonstrates that the observed gender
 wage gap is likely to be underestimated if we ignore selection in
 full-time employment. A number of policy implications are discussed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1444-1458 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1046444 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1046444 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Westeneng 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westeneng 
Author-Name: Ben D'Exelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: D'Exelle 
Title: How Economic Empowerment Reduces Women's Reproductive Health Vulnerability in Tanzania 
Abstract:
 This article uses data from Northern Tanzania to analyse how economic
 empowerment helps women reduce their reproductive health (RH)
 vulnerability. It analyses the effect of women's employment and economic
 contribution to their household on health care use at three phases in the
 reproductive cycle: before pregnancy, during pregnancy and at child birth.
 Economic empowerment shows a positive effect on health seeking behaviour
 during pregnancy and at child birth, which remains robust after
 controlling for bargaining power and selection bias. This indicates that
 any policy that increases women's economic empowerment can have a direct
 positive impact on women's RH.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1459-1474 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1041514 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1041514 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jenn-Hwan Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jenn-Hwan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Sheng-Wen Tseng 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheng-Wen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tseng 
Author-Name: Huan Zheng 
Author-X-Name-First: Huan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng 
Title: The Paradox of Small Hydropower: Local Government and Environmental Governance in China 
Abstract:
 Small Hydropower is regarded by the Chinese state as a method for both
 poverty alleviation and environmental protection in rural areas. This
 paper finds that local government officials develop an 'environmentally
 bundled economic interests' approach that simultaneously fulfills the
 central state's new political mission and local economic development
 demand. The small hydropower plants however have paradoxically become the
 destroyer of the environment as local government at different levels
 develop the plants in an un-coordinated manner. We use the growth of small
 hydropower in Yunnan province as an exemplar to show the new tendency and
 problems of China's environmental governance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1475-1487 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.973860 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.973860 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manisha Chakrabarty 
Author-X-Name-First: Manisha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakrabarty 
Author-Name: Amita Majumder 
Author-X-Name-First: Amita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Majumder 
Author-Name: Ranjan Ray 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ray 
Title: Preferences, Spatial Prices and Inequality 
Abstract:
 This study examines the effect of prices on inequality in rural India
 during the period of economic reforms and beyond (1999/2000-2009/2010). It
 proposes a framework for calculating 'exact' price indices, based on the
 'Exact Affine Stone Index' (EASI) demand system, and shows its usefulness
 by calculating spatial prices and regionally varying temporal prices that
 allow for both differences in preferences between states and over time.
 The study finds that the nature of inflation has been regressive during
 (1999/2000-2004/2005) and progressive during (2004/2005-2009/2010) and
 that the effects of temporal price inflation and spatial prices on
 inequality are qualitatively different.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1488-1501 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028534 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028534 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael A. Clemens 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clemens 
Author-Name: Colum Graham 
Author-X-Name-First: Colum 
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham 
Author-Name: Stephen Howes 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howes 
Title: Skill Development and Regional Mobility: Lessons from the Australia-Pacific Technical College 
Abstract:
 Developing countries can lose part of their investment in training skilled
 workers who later emigrate. One innovative response is for migrants'
 destination countries to help finance skilled emigrants' training ex ante
 - linking skill creation and skill mobility. We describe one such project,
 the Australia-Pacific Technical College (APTC), which has financed
 vocational training in five Pacific island developing countries for
 employment both at home and abroad - including employment in Australia.
 The APTC has attained its goal of skill creation, but not its goal of
 skill mobility. We offer explanations for this result and lessons for
 future policy innovation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1502-1517 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028537 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028537 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Luca 
Author-X-Name-First: Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luca 
Author-Name: Andr�s Rodr�guez-Pose 
Author-X-Name-First: Andr�s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodr�guez-Pose 
Title: Distributive Politics and Regional Development: Assessing the Territorial Distribution of Turkey's Public Investment 
Abstract:
 Turkey is often perceived as a country with low bureaucratic capacity and
 prone to political manipulation and 'pork-barrel'. This article tests
 whether this is the case, by analysing the extent to which politics,
 rather than equity and efficiency criteria, have determined the
 geographical allocation of public investment across the 81 provinces of
 Turkey between 2005 and 2012. The results show that although the Turkish
 government has indeed channelled public expenditures to reward its core
 constituencies, socioeconomic factors remained the most relevant
 predictors of investment. Moreover, in contrast to official regional
 development policy principles, we uncover the concentration of public
 investment in areas with comparatively higher levels of development. We
 interpret this as the state bureaucracy's intentional strategy of
 focussing on efficiency by concentrating resources on 'the better off
 among the most in need'.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1518-1540 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1028536 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1028536 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Admasu Shiferaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Admasu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shiferaw 
Author-Name: M�ns S�derbom 
Author-X-Name-First: M�ns 
Author-X-Name-Last: S�derbom 
Author-Name: Eyerusalem Siba 
Author-X-Name-First: Eyerusalem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siba 
Author-Name: Getnet Alemu 
Author-X-Name-First: Getnet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alemu 
Title: Road Infrastructure and Enterprise Dynamics in Ethiopia 
Abstract:
 We analyse the relationship between road infrastructure quality and the
 location choice and entry size of manufacturing firms in Ethiopia. We use
 GIS-based panel data on town-level measures of road infrastructure and
 census-based panel data on firms. Our dataset covers a period of
 considerable improvements in road infrastructure as a result of major
 public investments. We find that local infrastructure is important for
 entry, while more extensive market connectivity is important for the entry
 of large firms. We conclude that improved infrastructure has been
 associated with favourable outcomes with respect to entry patterns and
 firm size in Ethiopia's manufacturing sector.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1541-1558 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1056785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1056785 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Clarke 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke 
Title: <bold>Religion and the Politics of Development</bold>, Edited by Philip Fountain, Robin Bush, & R. Michael Feener, <italic>Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2015</italic>, pp. 272, &euro;94.98 (hardback), ISBN 978-1-137-43856-0 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1559-1560 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1089654 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1089654 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Kees van Donge 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Donge 
Title: <bold>The Politics of African Industrial Policy: A Comparative Perspective</bold> Edited by Lindsay Whitfield, Ole Therkildsen, Lars Buur & Anne Mette Kjaer <italic>New York</italic>: Cambridge University Press, 2015, pp. xi and 343, Hb US$89.99, E-book: US$69.19, 978-1-107-10531-7 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1560-1561 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1089655 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1089655 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfredo Burlando 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfredo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burlando 
Title: The Disease Environment, Schooling, and Development Outcomes: Evidence from Ethiopia 
Abstract:
 The disease environment could help explain underdevelopment in Africa.
 This article shows that local malaria risk is associated with worse local
 development outcomes. Combining an Ethiopian household survey with
 satellite-derived topographical information, the article shows that
 malaria incidence is correlated with village elevation, slope and their
 interaction; that is, malaria is sensitive to elevation in flatlands,
 where the habitat is suitable for mosquito breeding, but not in steeper
 lands. Using topography as a predictor of the disease environment,
 education levels are found to be negatively correlated with malaria. I
 find suggestive evidence that some other outcomes are related to malaria
 risk. Finally, the performance of topography predictors is assessed
 against other climate-based predictors of malaria.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1563-1584 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1087512 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1087512 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carine Milcent 
Author-X-Name-First: Carine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milcent 
Author-Name: Binzhen Wu 
Author-X-Name-First: Binzhen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu 
Title: How Do You Feel? The Effect of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme in China 
Abstract:
 In 2003, a public insurance system was introduced in Chinese rural areas.
 In the meantime, subjective health status improved. We used a unique
 household longitudinal survey to analyse how the introduction of an
 insurance system, known as the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), has
 contributed to the change. This health insurance programme was launched
 sequentially over counties starting in 2003, and households voluntarily
 chose whether to participate the programme after its launch by the county.
 These characteristics make it feasible to disentangle two channels of the
 influence of the NCMS on self-reported health status. One is the insurance
 effect of the coverage, which can be estimated by comparing the insured
 households with non-participants in the villages located in counties that
 have launched the programme (NCMS counties); the other is the general
 equilibrium effect that affects all residents in the NCMS counties, and
 can be estimated by comparing non-participants with the non-exposed
 households. The longitudinal data also allow us to examine how the effect
 changes with the duration of households' subscription to the programme.
 The empirical findings include: first, a positive extensive margin: an
 individual feels better about his or her health status when covered by the
 NCMS. However, there is no intensive margin: there is no additional gain
 in the self-assessment of health status with the individual's number of
 years enrolled in the programme. Second, we find a positive general
 equilibrium effect of introducing the NCMS programme on non-participants
 in the NCMS county. This effect accumulates over time.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1585-1602 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1036038 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1036038 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rejaul K. Bakshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Rejaul K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakshi 
Author-Name: Debdulal Mallick 
Author-X-Name-First: Debdulal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mallick 
Author-Name: Mehmet A. Ulubaso&#x11f;lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulubaso&#x11f;lu 
Title: Social Capital and Hygiene Practices among the Extreme Poor in Rural Bangladesh 
Abstract:
 We investigate the effect of social capital on hygiene practices
 pertaining to lives of the extreme poor in rural Bangladesh. Analysing a
 unique survey dataset for 5,600 extreme poor households, we document a
 significant positive effect of social capital on sanitary latrine use and
 wearing shoes/sandals at home for hygiene. We account for the endogeneity
 of social capital by instrumental variable estimation. Our findings
 emphasise the role of social capital in preventing common diseases through
 improving hygiene practices for the extreme poor, who usually lack access
 to medical services in the event of illness, which has important policy
 implications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1603-1618 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1068291 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1068291 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ani Rudra Silwal 
Author-X-Name-First: Ani Rudra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silwal 
Author-Name: Andy McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Title: The Impact of Cooking with Firewood on Respiratory Health: Evidence from Indonesia 
Abstract:
 The vast majority of households in low-income countries cook with
 firewood, which is known to produce various airborne toxins. We examine
 whether cooking with firewood results in poorer respiratory health by
 using a unique Indonesian household survey that collected direct measures
 of lung capacity. We find that individuals living in households that cook
 with firewood have 9.4 per cent lower lung capacity than those that cook
 with cleaner fuels. This impact is larger for women and children than for
 men. The results strongly support the international policy focus on
 facilitating households to switch to cooking with cleaner fuels.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1619-1633 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1056784 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1056784 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Hodge 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hodge 
Author-Name: Sonja Firth 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Firth 
Author-Name: Eliana Jimenez-Soto 
Author-X-Name-First: Eliana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jimenez-Soto 
Author-Name: Laksono Trisnantoro 
Author-X-Name-First: Laksono 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trisnantoro 
Title: Linkages between Decentralisation and Inequalities in Neonatal Health: Evidence from Indonesia 
Abstract:
 This study uses five waves of the Indonesian Demographic Health Surveys to
 analyse decentralisation and geographical inequality in health services
 delivery. Accounting for unobserved community-level heterogeneity with
 random effects and correlated random effects models, we link
 facility-based birth delivery to the period of decentralisation and
 Indonesia's major island groups using a pooled sample of 71,815 children.
 We also generate direct estimates of neonatal mortality from 1990 to 2007.
 The results show that the implementation of decentralisation has accorded
 with a marked expansion in both health service and outcome inequalities in
 Indonesia, at least with respect to neonates. Systemic funding failures
 for health and decision-space issues resulting from decentralisation are
 likely to have greater impact in disadvantaged regions where local
 capacity is weakest. The need to address these fundamental issues to
 reduce inequalities and improve general health outcomes appears
 supportable.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1634-1652 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1081172 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1081172 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deepankar Basu 
Author-X-Name-First: Deepankar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Basu 
Author-Name: Debarshi Das 
Author-X-Name-First: Debarshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Das 
Title: Social Hierarchies and Public Distribution of Food in Rural India 
Abstract:
 In this paper, we develop a simple model to show that consumption of PDS
 food grains is significantly different between rich and poor households in
 states in which the PDS functions relatively well; in states in which the
 PDS is non-functional, the difference is not significant. Using
 household-level data from three recent thick rounds of the consumption
 expenditure survey (2004-2005, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012), we find evidence
 in support of the predictions from the model. This suggests that one way
 to make the PDS functional is to make it more accessible to poor and
 underprivileged households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1653-1666 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1075975 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1075975 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Sassi 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sassi 
Title: Seasonality and Trends in Child Malnutrition: Time-Series Analysis of Health Clinic Data from the Dowa District of Malawi 
Abstract:
 This article investigates the factors most affecting year-to-year trends
 and month-to-month fluctuations in underweight among children under five
 years of age in the Dowa District of Malawi from 2004 to 2012, including
 both the ability of households to obtain and utilise food and to
 child-related policy interventions. Time series regressions reveal strong
 hungry-season effects associated with both food availability and disease
 transmission, in addition to trends in household health. These findings
 reveal the complex nature of child malnutrition in the Dowa District and
 the importance of a food and nutritional security approach in
 understanding and addressing this phenomenon.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1667-1682 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1046441 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1046441 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paula Herrera-Id�rraga 
Author-X-Name-First: Paula 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrera-Id�rraga 
Author-Name: Enrique L�pez-Bazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Enrique 
Author-X-Name-Last: L�pez-Bazo 
Author-Name: Elisabet Motell�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Motell�n 
Title: Double Penalty in Returns to Education: Informality and Educational Mismatch in the Colombian Labour Market 
Abstract:
 This article examines the returns to education taking into consideration
 the existence of educational mismatches in the formal and informal
 employment of a developing country. Results show that the returns of
 surplus, required and deficit years of schooling are different in the two
 sectors. Moreover, they suggest that these returns vary along the wage
 distribution, and that the pattern of variation differs for formal and
 informal workers. In particular, informal workers face not only lower
 returns to their education, but suffer a second penalty associated with
 educational mismatches that puts them at a greater disadvantage compare to
 their formal counterparts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1683-1701 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1041516 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1041516 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vidya Diwakar 
Author-X-Name-First: Vidya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diwakar 
Title: The Effect of Armed Conflict on Education: Evidence from Iraq 
Abstract:
 This study examines to what extent armed conflict affects education
 accumulation and enrolment rates, and whether this effect differs by
 gender. It uses the 2007 Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey data in
 conjunction with data on civilian deaths recorded by the Iraq Body Count
 database. Conflict exposure is measured by the number of deaths as a
 percentage of the population and number of conflict incidents. Results are
 robust to different identification strategies, dependent variables and
 conflict measures. The findings suggest an increase in conflict is
 associated with a decrease in education for both genders, though more
 pronounced for boys.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies 
Pages: 1702-1718 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1056786 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1056786 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anouk S. Rigterink
Author-X-Name-First: Anouk S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rigterink
Author-Name: Mareike Schomerus
Author-X-Name-First: Mareike
Author-X-Name-Last: Schomerus
Title: The Fear Factor is a Main Thing: How Radio Influences Anxiety and Political Attitudes
Abstract: 
 We investigate how being exposed to media influences levels of anxiety and political attitudes in conflict-affected areas. Exploiting exogenous variation in signal strength of a radio station in South Sudan’s Western Equatoria State, we compare original qualitative and quantitative data from areas with differing radio coverage. Civilians living in areas with more exposure to radio are more afraid of attacks by the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA). This anxiety means civilians rely more on a civilian militia, the arrow boys, and less on the state army. Hence media, through fear, can contribute to changing social and political structures.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1123-1146
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1219348
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1219348
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emily Van Houweling
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Houweling
Author-Name: Ralph Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Author-Name: Marcos Carzolio
Author-X-Name-First: Marcos
Author-X-Name-Last: Carzolio
Author-Name: Eric Vance
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Vance
Title: ‘My Neighbour Drinks Clean Water, While I Continue To Suffer’: An Analysis of the Intra-Community Impacts of a Rural Water Supply Project in Mozambique
Abstract: 
 Rural water planners assume the positive impacts of community water projects are spread evenly across the population. We test this assumption by looking at the distribution of benefits within communities that received handpumps in rural Mozambique. Using survey and qualitative data we analyse the characteristics of those groups who benefited from the handpumps and also explore household decision-making processes. Handpump use was determined by distance, availability of other sources, perceptions of water quality, political affiliation, and wealth. We argue that the handpumps reinforced existing social divisions related to income and political affiliation and created new geographic divisions within communities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1147-1162
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1224852
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1224852
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maura Duffy
Author-X-Name-First: Maura
Author-X-Name-Last: Duffy
Title: ‘In and Against the State’? Venezuela’s Education Missions and the Struggle for a Democratic Alternative
Abstract: 
 In Latin America, dissatisfaction with neoliberal democracy has led to a search for alternatives based on more participatory forms of citizen engagement that have overtly pedagogical dimensions. This paper focuses on Venezuela’s Adult Education Missions to illustrate the possibility but also the inherent contradictions of education ‘in and against the state’ to enhance grassroots critical consciousness and mobilisation. It argues that while considerable progress has been made at the micro level, structural change from above to redistribute power and transform capitalist relations of production has been insufficient and that this threatens the future of the project for radical social change.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1163-1177
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1224851
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1224851
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yogo Urbain Thierry
Author-X-Name-First: Yogo
Author-X-Name-Last: Urbain Thierry
Author-Name: Douzounet Mallaye
Author-X-Name-First: Douzounet
Author-X-Name-Last: Mallaye
Author-Name: Abdelkrim Araar
Author-X-Name-First: Abdelkrim
Author-X-Name-Last: Araar
Title: Education Language and Youth Entrepreneurship in Chad
Abstract: 
 This study aims to assess the effect of education language (Arabic or French) on the probability of being self-employed in Chad. Mainly, we make use of a recursive bivariate Probit model and matching techniques to assess the effect, as well as to remedy to the endogeneity problem. Overall the analysis suggests that youths with Arabic-language education are more likely to be self-employed, however, most of them specialise in modest informal micro-enterprises. These results can help to shed light on the education language implications, and then, can help policymakers to design appropriate policies to foster youth entrepreneurship in Chad.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1178-1193
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208174
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1178-1193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hai Zhong
Author-X-Name-First: Hai
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong
Title: The Effect of Sibling Size on Children’s Health and Education: Is there a Quantity-Quality Trade-off?
Abstract: 
 The quantity-quality trade-off is one important motivation for the family planning policies in many developing countries. In this paper, we examine the effect of number of siblings on children’s health and education in China. We find evidence of quantity-quality trade-off in children’s health but not in children’s education. Our study has three contributions. First, we focus not only on children’s education but also on children’s health, which has received rather little attention in the literature. Secondly, we use a new source of exogenous variation in fertility – variations of the strictness of the One-Child policy across localities in China – to construct instrumental variable's (IV's). Finally, we empirically explore the underlying mechanism of the quantity-quality trade-off, and find supporting evidence for the resource dilution hypothesis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1194-1206
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214720
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214720
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1194-1206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fantu Bachewe
Author-X-Name-First: Fantu
Author-X-Name-Last: Bachewe
Author-Name: Derek Headey
Author-X-Name-First: Derek
Author-X-Name-Last: Headey
Title: Urban Wage Behaviour and Food Price Inflation in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 Theoretically, increases in food prices could benefit the poor by increasing the demand for unskilled labour, and hence their wages. This paper tests this hypothesis in urban Ethiopia. We exploit a unique panel of monthly price and wage data from 111 urban markets to first construct welfare-relevant measures of real wages, before employing various panel estimators to formally test wage-food price integration. We find moderate rates of long-run adjustment to increases in food prices, but that adjustment is very slow. This implies highly adverse short-run welfare impacts of higher food prices on the urban poor.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1207-1222
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1219343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1219343
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1207-1222




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jochen Dürr
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen
Author-X-Name-Last: Dürr
Title: Agricultural Growth Linkages in Guatemala: New Insights from a Value Chain Approach
Abstract: 
 The agricultural growth linkage debate substantiates that agriculture contributes to economic growth through its linkages to other sectors. This paper contributes to the debate by combining a value chain approach with input-output-analysis. Results for Guatemala show that the sectors linked to agriculture are predominantly informal sectors and that these sectors create less value added, but more employment than formal sectors. It is also demonstrated that forward linkages are more important than backward linkages. In conclusion, agricultural linkages to forward sectors have a high potential to generate employment and value added and therefore should be supported by development policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1223-1237
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214721
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1223-1237




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen Del Biondo
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Del Biondo
Title: The EU, the United States and Partnership in Development Cooperation: Bridging the Gap?
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the degree to which EU and United States development policies reflect partnership, meaning that aid is based on negotiations on an equal basis. It finds that, while the EU has traditionally been more focused on partnership than the United States, in recent years the gap is narrowing. The EU is increasingly providing aid based on a security rationale and has become reluctant to give budget support, while the United States is starting to work more with local actors. Changes in public support for aid, the EU’s growing role as a security provider and institutional changes can explain this trend.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1238-1252
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1234037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1234037
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1238-1252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier E. Baez
Author-X-Name-First: Javier E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Baez
Author-Name: Leonardo Lucchetti
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucchetti
Author-Name: Maria E. Genoni
Author-X-Name-First: Maria E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Genoni
Author-Name: Mateo Salazar
Author-X-Name-First: Mateo
Author-X-Name-Last: Salazar
Title: Gone with the Storm: Rainfall Shocks and Household Wellbeing in Guatemala
Abstract: 
 This paper identifies the negative consequences of the strongest tropical storm ever to strike Guatemala on household welfare. Per capita consumption fell in urban areas, raising poverty substantially. Households cut back on food consumption and basic durables, and attempted to cope by increasing their adult and child labour supply. The mechanisms at play include the intensity of the shock, food prices and the timing of Agatha with respect to local harvest cycles. The results are robust to placebo treatments, migration and measurement error, and partly explain the increase in poverty in the country previously attributed solely to the collateral effects of the global financial crisis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1253-1271
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1224853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1224853
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1253-1271




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chatura Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-First: Chatura
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigo
Author-Name: Brady Deaton
Author-X-Name-First: Brady
Author-X-Name-Last: Deaton
Title: Restoring Tsunami Damaged Coastal Lands in Sri Lanka: Evidence of the Anticommons?
Abstract: 
 After the 2004 Tsunami, non-governmental organisations and international groups sought permission from government agencies to implement ecosystem restoration projects. Following the logic of the anticommons problem, the likelihood of project implementation is hypothesised to be inversely related to the number of government agencies which have the right to permit use. Our findings are consistent with the anticommons problem: a marginal increase in the number of government agencies, each exercising the right to grant permission to the applicant, reduces the likelihood that a proposed project would ultimately receive permission.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1272-1285
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1234035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1234035
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1272-1285




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johanna Choumert
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Choumert
Author-Name: Pascale Phélinas
Author-X-Name-First: Pascale
Author-X-Name-Last: Phélinas
Title: Farmland Rental Prices in GM Soybean Areas of Argentina: Do Contractual Arrangements Matter?
Abstract: 
 In this paper we study the determinants of the rental price of farmland in the Argentinian Pampas. In particular, we examine the price of lease contracts using a hedonic price model, while controlling for other potential sources of variation. Using firsthand data for 255 plots, our results indicate that both short-term contracts and contracts with sowing pools push rental prices upwards. We also find that soybean yields have a significant impact on land rental prices. These results suggest that if Argentina intends to protect the enormous natural advantage it has for agricultural production, it should consider strictly regulating land rental contracts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1286-1302
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1241388
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1241388
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1286-1302




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katharina Lehmann-Uschner
Author-X-Name-First: Katharina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehmann-Uschner
Author-Name: Kati Kraehnert
Author-X-Name-First: Kati
Author-X-Name-Last: Kraehnert
Title: Food Intake and the Role of Food Self-Provisioning
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the role of food self-provisioning for the intake of nutrients of households in Mongolia. We analyse nutritional outcomes within and across urban wage employees, rural households with small herds, and pastoralists with large herds. Food self-provisioning significantly affects dietary quality and quantity. Farming food crops improves the nutrient intake. In contrast, animal husbandry increases the intake of calories and nutrients from animal sources, while it decreases the intake of carbohydrates and nutrients from vegetal sources. This finding suggests household-specific market failures due to remoteness exist. Last, exposure to a weather shock does not affect households’ calorie intake.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1303-1322
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1228881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1228881
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1303-1322




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shabana Mitra
Author-X-Name-First: Shabana
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitra
Title: Realising the Demographic Dividend: Policies to Achieve Inclusive Growth in India 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1323-1324
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1251708
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1251708
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1323-1324




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1325-1333
Issue: 8
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1325038
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1325038
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:8:p:1325-1333




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Kai-Sing Kung
Author-X-Name-First: James Kai-Sing
Author-X-Name-Last: Kung
Author-Name: Ying Bai
Author-X-Name-First: Ying
Author-X-Name-Last: Bai
Title: Induced Institutional Change or Transaction Costs? The Economic Logic of Land Reallocations in Chinese Agriculture
Abstract: The communal land rights system in China, which combines individualised farming with periodic land reallocations, provides a good case for testing the economic logic of land reallocations. Analysis of the results of a unique village survey reveals that a village's choice of land reallocation type – partial or large in scale – is significantly affected by transaction cost considerations, which vary according to village topography and size, rather than concerns for economic efficiency (tenure security), the latter of which is a proxy for the theory of induced institutional change. More specifically, villages with complex topographies tend to favour partial land reallocation, whereas larger settlements tend to reallocate land more thoroughly.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1510-1528
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.506916
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.506916
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Romina Cavatassi
Author-X-Name-First: Romina
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavatassi
Author-Name: Mario González-flores
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: González-flores
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Author-Name: Jorge Andrade-Piedra
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrade-Piedra
Author-Name: Patricio Espinosa
Author-X-Name-First: Patricio
Author-X-Name-Last: Espinosa
Author-Name: Graham Thiele
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Thiele
Title: Linking Smallholders to the New Agricultural Economy: The Case of the  in Ecuador
Abstract: This article examines the challenges of linking smallholders to high-value food markets by looking at the experience of the Plataformas programme in the Ecuadorian Sierra. Multiple evaluation methods are employed to ensure identification of program impact. The findings suggest that the programme successfully improved the welfare of beneficiary farmers, as measured by yields and gross margins. These benefits are achieved through improving the efficiency of agricultural production and through selling at higher prices. No significant secondary health or environmental effects were found. Overall, the programme provides clear evidence that combining production support with facilitating market access can be successful.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1545-1573
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.536221
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amber Peterman
Author-X-Name-First: Amber
Author-X-Name-Last: Peterman
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing
Author-Name: Julia Behrman
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Behrman
Author-Name: Ephraim Nkonya
Author-X-Name-First: Ephraim
Author-X-Name-Last: Nkonya
Title: Understanding the Complexities Surrounding Gender Differences in Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria and Uganda
Abstract: We investigate gender differences in agricultural productivity in Nigeria and Uganda. Results indicate persistent lower productivity on female-owned plots and among female-headed households, accounting for a range of socio-economic variables, agricultural inputs and crop choices using multivariate tobit models. Results are robust to inclusion of household-level unobservables and alternative specifications that account for decisions to plant crops. However, productivity differences depend on aggregation of gender indicator, crop-specific samples, agro-ecological zone and biophysical characteristics. More nuanced gender data collection and analysis are encouraged to identify interventions that will increase productivity and program effectiveness for male and female farmers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1482-1509
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536222
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.536222
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:10:p:1482-1509




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Stifel
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Stifel
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps
Author-Name: Bart Minten
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten
Title: Taboos, Agriculture and Poverty
Abstract: We study the impact of work taboos (fady days) on agriculture and poverty. Using cross-sectional data from a national household survey for Madagascar, we find that 18 per cent of agricultural households have two or more fady days per week and that an extra fady day is associated with 6 per cent lower per capita consumption and 5 per cent lower rice productivity. To address the possible endogeneity of fady days, we present instrumental variable estimates and heterogeneous effect regressions using village fixed effects. We find that smaller households and those with less education employ less labour in villages with more fady days.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1455-1481
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561322
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561322
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:10:p:1455-1481




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Duveskog
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Duveskog
Author-Name: Esbern Friis-Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Esbern
Author-X-Name-Last: Friis-Hansen
Author-Name: Edward Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Farmer Field Schools in Rural Kenya: A Transformative Learning Experience
Abstract: As participatory agricultural education increases in use, knowledge is needed of its impact on the daily lives of the participants beyond benefits for farming. The purpose of this study was to explore the case of Farmer Field Schools (FFS) under the lens of transformative learning theory, in order to understand the impact that participatory and group–based learning can have on the lives of participants. The findings revealed significant impacts demonstrated by a personal transformation, changes in gender roles and relations, customs and traditions, and community relations, and an increase in household economic development. The implications are relevant both within the fields of rural development and for transformative learning theory.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1529-1544
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561328
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:10:p:1529-1544




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Peter Gibbon
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbon
Title: Developing Agricultural Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa: Organic Cocoa in Rural Uganda
Abstract: This article investigates the process of development in a traditional African export market, focusing on a contract farming scheme for organic cocoa in rural Uganda. Based on a repeated household survey, we measure the impact of the scheme on the income of participants and the economic mechanisms behind these effects. We find substantial benefits from the scheme, driven primarily by the establishment of credible incentives for farmers to adopt technologies which improve cocoa quality. There is also evidence of broader trends of market deepening and increased productivity, probably due to positive spillovers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1595-1618
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579107
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:10:p:1595-1618




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Atanu Ghoshray
Author-X-Name-First: Atanu
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghoshray
Author-Name: Madhusudan Ghosh
Author-X-Name-First: Madhusudan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh
Title: How Integrated is the Indian Wheat Market?
Abstract: Applying the momentum-threshold autoregressive (M-TAR) model due to Enders and Granger (Enders, W. and Granger, C.W.J. (1998) Unit root tests and asymmetric adjustment with an example using the term structure of interest rates. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 16(3), pp. 304–311), this article examines the relationship between the various prices of wheat quoted at different market centres in four Indian states. We find evidence of M-TAR asymmetric adjustments of wheat prices, indicating that price signals within states are transmitted over time in an asymmetric manner. This type of price adjusting behaviour is consistent as to how price differentials may respond to poor dissemination of knowledge regarding market conditions and high transactions costs. The results offer important policy implications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1574-1594
Issue: 10
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579108
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579108
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:10:p:1574-1594




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Mosley
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosley
Author-Name: Blessing Chiripanhura
Author-X-Name-First: Blessing
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiripanhura
Title: The African Political Business Cycle: Varieties of Experience
Abstract: 
 We seek to understand both the incidence and the impact of the African political business cycle in the light of a literature which has argued that, with major extensions of democracy since the 1990s, the cycle has both become more intense and has made African political systems more fragile. With the help of country case studies, we argue, first, that the African political business cycle is not homogeneous, and occurs relatively infrequently in so-called ‘dominant-party systems’ where a pre-election stimulus confers little political advantage. Secondly, we show that, in those countries where a political cycle does occur, it does not necessarily cause institutional damage. Whether it does or not depends not so much on whether there is an electoral cycle as on whether this cycle calms or exacerbates fears of an unjust allocation of resources. In other words, the composition of the pre-election stimulus, in terms of its allocation between different categories of voter, is as important as its size.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 917-932
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1113263
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1113263
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:7:p:917-932




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Engberg-Pedersen
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Engberg-Pedersen
Title: Policy Making in Foreign Aid: Gender Equality and Danish Development Policy
Abstract: 
 Since the mid-1980s, gender equality has constituted a major priority in the provision of Danish foreign aid. Seeking to understand policy-making processes in the field of foreign aid, this article analyses three gender policies in relation to Denmark’s official foreign aid published respectively in 1987, 1993 and 2004, examining the degree to which they reflect domestic politics, organisational concerns within Danida and global gender norms. Challenging earlier research, the conclusion is that, while global norms, organisational concerns and the normative environment in Denmark all play important roles, Danish stakeholders have had a limited and decreasing influence over these policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 933-949
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1113266
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1113266
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:7:p:933-949




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ijlal Naqvi
Author-X-Name-First: Ijlal
Author-X-Name-Last: Naqvi
Title: Pathologies of Development Practice: Higher Order Obstacles to Governance Reform in the Pakistani Electrical Power Sector
Abstract: 
 Development actors are regularly aware of the shortcomings of governance interventions before, during, and after development assistance is introduced, yet those programmes continue and are even revisited. Why? This paper uses the Pakistani experience with power sector reforms to illustrate how the donor-led reform agenda had readily apparent shortcomings. A new wave of development thinking responds to such failures by drawing on complexity theory and moving toward more local, iterative and experimental approaches. However, by highlighting how the awareness of problems with reforms isn’t sufficient to avoid them, this paper points to a higher order of obstacles which remain unaddressed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 950-964
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1146704
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1146704
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monty L. Lynn
Author-X-Name-First: Monty L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynn
Title: Congregational Aid: North American Protestant Engagement in International Relief and Development
Abstract: 
 A review of large North American Protestant congregations (n = 423) engaging in global relief and development, or ‘holistic mission’ (HM), suggests that half engage in HM activities per year, with the majority of those activities focused on human and physical sectors. Most activities are led by religious NGOs or missionaries and about half are short-term. A mix of proximity, poverty, population, and policy variables direct short- and long-term aid. Findings provide a benchmark for enhancing learning and partnerships among churches, NGOs, and development scholars, ultimately enhancing the efficacy of Protestant aid.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 965-985
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1121239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1121239
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten
Author-Name: Mulu Gebreeyesus
Author-X-Name-First: Mulu
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebreeyesus
Author-Name: Måns Söderbom
Author-X-Name-First: Måns
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderbom
Title: Tariffs and Firm Performance in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We use data on Ethiopian manufacturing firms and commodity-level data on tariffs to examine the effects of trade liberalisation on firm performance. We distinguish the productivity gains that arise from reducing final goods tariffs from those that arise from reducing tariffs on intermediate inputs. We find no evidence that output tariff reduction improves productivity, but we find large positive effects of input tariff reductions. These are robust to alternative productivity measures, treating tariffs as endogenous, and various generalisations of the model. We conclude that policy measures designed to facilitate access to inputs produced abroad may lead to productivity gains.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 986-1001
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139691
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Birhanu Megersa Lenjiso
Author-X-Name-First: Birhanu Megersa
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenjiso
Author-Name: Jeroen Smits
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Smits
Author-Name: Ruerd Ruben
Author-X-Name-First: Ruerd
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruben
Title: Transforming Gender Relations through the Market: Smallholder Milk Market Participation and Women`s Intra-household Bargaining Power in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We study the relationship between smallholder milk market participation and women`s intra-household bargaining position in Ethiopia, using a quasi-experiment and propensity score matching. In market participant households, milk income is higher and its control has shifted from women to men. Our data also indicate that men transfer this income partly to their wives. Qualitative findings indicate that men see this as recognition for their wife’s household maintenance responsibility. Women argue however that transferring income is also men`s tactic for reducing intra-household conflict. Overall, dependency between husbands and wives seems higher and a woman’s bargaining position stronger in participant households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1002-1018
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139693
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas Wanvoeke
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Wanvoeke
Author-Name: Jean-Philippe Venot
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Venot
Author-Name: Charlotte De Fraiture
Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte
Author-X-Name-Last: De Fraiture
Author-Name: Margreet Zwarteveen
Author-X-Name-First: Margreet
Author-X-Name-Last: Zwarteveen
Title: Smallholder Drip Irrigation in Burkina Faso: The Role of Development Brokers
Abstract: 
 Smallholder drip irrigation is widely held as a promising technology for water saving, poverty reduction and food security, despite a dearth of evidence of benefits to farmers, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In this article, we document three development programmes promoting drip irrigation in Burkina Faso. Using actor network theory and insights from critical development studies, we show that development brokers play a key role in aligning interests, shaping activities and interpreting project outcomes. They are accountable towards each other rather than to farmers. This means that success is interpreted through development agencies lenses and with the intention of continuing involvement in future projects. Small farmers’ interests and uptake of the technology are of secondary importance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1019-1033
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1107048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1107048
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ling Yee Khor
Author-X-Name-First: Ling Yee
Author-X-Name-Last: Khor
Author-Name: Manfred Zeller
Author-X-Name-First: Manfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeller
Title: The Effect of Household Wealth on Fertiliser Use in the Presence of Uncertainty
Abstract: 
 Previous studies of wealth effect on fertiliser use have produced mixed results on the direction of the impact. Our article looks at this issue from a different perspective by considering the presence of doubts, such as about the true content or general effectiveness of fertiliser. We show theoretically that there could be different responses between the high-wealth and low-wealth farmers. We analyse also the wealth effect empirically using household panel data from the Hebei province of China. The results indicate that the direction of wealth effect does indeed change across the different levels of farmers’ wealth.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1034-1045
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1113264
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Futoshi Yamauchi
Author-X-Name-First: Futoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamauchi
Title: The Effects of Improved Roads on Wages and Employment: Evidence from Rural Labour Markets in Indonesia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of road quality on labour supply and wages using household panel data from rural Indonesia. The analysis uses fixed-effect instrumental variable estimation by first differencing two-round panel data. First, road projects are found to increase the transportation speed. Second, the empirical results from intra-village variations of household endowments and labour-market behaviour show that an increase in transportation speed raised wages in both non-agricultural and agricultural employment, and was associated with a decline in working time in agricultural employment, for the households whose members are relatively educated. The findings support potential complementarity between road quality and education, implying that the government’s public investments in roads and education should be coordinated to capture cross-augmenting positive impacts in the long run.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1046-1061
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1121242
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1121242
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camilla Lenzi
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenzi
Author-Name: Giovanni Perucca
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Perucca
Title: Life Satisfaction across Cities: Evidence from Romania
Abstract: 
 Based on the literature on agglomeration economies and studies on life satisfaction, especially with regard to Central and Eastern European countries, this article focuses on subjective wellbeing in Romania between 1996 and 2011. The findings indicate that life satisfaction was greater in larger cities, although the positive effects of agglomeration held up to a certain threshold. These effects were both direct (people living in large cities were more satisfied than those living in rural areas) and indirect (people living in rural areas embedded in urbanised regions were more satisfied than people in rural areas embedded in less urbanised regions).
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1062-1077
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1113265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1113265
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Referees from January-December, 2015 (inclusive)
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1078-1086
Issue: 7
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178972
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178972
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudia N. Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg
Author-Name: Uwe Deichmann
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Deichmann
Author-Name: Yishen Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yishen
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Harris Selod
Author-X-Name-First: Harris
Author-X-Name-Last: Selod
Title: Transport Policies and Development
Abstract: 
 This survey reviews the current state of the economic literature, assessing the impact of transport investments and policies on growth, inclusion, and sustainability in a developing country context. It also discusses the specific implementation challenges of transport interventions in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 465-480
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199857
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199857
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paswel P. Marenya
Author-X-Name-First: Paswel P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marenya
Author-Name: Menale B. Kassie
Author-X-Name-First: Menale B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kassie
Author-Name: Moti D. Jaleta
Author-X-Name-First: Moti D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaleta
Author-Name: Dil B. Rahut
Author-X-Name-First: Dil B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahut
Title: Maize Market Participation among Female- and Male-Headed Households in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the market participation gaps and their causes between female-headed households (FHHs) and male-headed households (MHHs) in Ethiopia using an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach. The results showed that structural/coefficient effects accounted for 74 per cent (65%) of the differences between FHH and MHH in the net buyer (net seller) maize market positions. The gap between FHH and MHHs regarding quantities of maize sold was largely explained by endowment effects. The results imply that closing the observed market participation gaps will require policy interventions that facilitate equal access for both FHHs and MHHs to resources and other supportive social networks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 481-494
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171849
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natalia Radchenko
Author-X-Name-First: Natalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Radchenko
Title: Informal Employment in Developing Economies: Multiple Heterogeneity
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the literature on the nature of informal employment in developing economies. Drawing on the model with essential heterogeneity, it offers a list of scenarios describing the behavioural patterns which informal workers follow. The list nests not only classical patterns of a rationed formal sector versus an integrated labour market, but also different patterns of rationing. Using non-parametric techniques and data from a few African economies with different levels of development, the paper proposes empirical case studies fitting various informality schemes. Developing economies show disparate patterns of allocation of workers and various patterns of rationing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 495-513
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199854
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Title: Spousal Bargaining Over Care for Elderly Parents in China: Imbalances in Sex Ratios Influence the Allocation of Support
Abstract: 
 Using a unique Chinese survey of parents and adult children, this paper examines how married children negotiate with their spouses for time devoted to caring for their own parents. Applying a collective bargaining framework, I show that the sex ratio at marriage shifts household bargaining in favour of the husband’s parents when women are less scarce, or against his parents when women are scarcer. Such changing dynamics in the family may potentially reverse the current preference for sons in China, implying that those with sons, rather than daughters, may be increasingly in need of state support.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 514-529
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1156093
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1156093
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kazushi Takahashi
Author-X-Name-First: Kazushi
Author-X-Name-Last: Takahashi
Author-Name: Abu Shonchoy
Author-X-Name-First: Abu
Author-X-Name-Last: Shonchoy
Author-Name: Seiro Ito
Author-X-Name-First: Seiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Ito
Author-Name: Takashi Kurosaki
Author-X-Name-First: Takashi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurosaki
Title: How Does Contract Design Affect the Uptake of Microcredit among the Ultra-poor? Experimental Evidence from the River Islands of Northern Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 This study examines the demand of microcredit among ultra-poor households in northern Bangladesh. We implemented a field experiment to identify what type of credit is best suited to their demand. We found that the uptake rate by the ultra-poor is the lowest for regular small cash credit, followed by in-kind credit. We also found that the ultra-poor are significantly more likely to join a microcredit programme than the moderately poor if a grace period with longer maturity is attached to a large amount of credit, irrespective of whether the credit is provided in cash or in kind.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 530-547
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1156092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1156092
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vikram Patil
Author-X-Name-First: Vikram
Author-X-Name-Last: Patil
Author-Name: Ranjan Ghosh
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh
Author-Name: Vinish Kathuria
Author-X-Name-First: Vinish
Author-X-Name-Last: Kathuria
Title: The Role of Access Mechanisms in Effective Rehabilitation of Displaced Farmers Due to Development Projects
Abstract: 
 This paper provides an access based explanation of why institutional arrangements of compensation provision for land acquisition often fail to effectively rehabilitate displaced farmers in a developing country context like India. Farmers have a right to claim compensation in case of land takings, which specifies two methods of claim: consent method and arbitration method. Literature indicates that farmers’ choice between the two methods has a significant impact on the compensation they receive. Using a binary response model on a primary dataset of 199 displaced farmers from Upper Krishna Irrigation Project, India, we analyse the determinants of this choice. We validate ‘access based’ hypotheses in choice of compensation and test whether in addition to allocated property rights, benefits actually depend on the ‘access mechanisms’ farmers have. Results suggest that the choice is governed by access to social identity and information. Therefore, farmers lacking these fail to get resettled despite the presence of a policy framework aimed at their rehabilitation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 548-564
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1187725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1187725
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tinsae Demise
Author-X-Name-First: Tinsae
Author-X-Name-Last: Demise
Author-Name: Valéri Natanelov
Author-X-Name-First: Valéri
Author-X-Name-Last: Natanelov
Author-Name: Wim Verbeke
Author-X-Name-First: Wim
Author-X-Name-Last: Verbeke
Author-Name: Marijke D’Haese
Author-X-Name-First: Marijke
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Haese
Title: Empirical Investigation into Spatial Integration Without Direct Trade: Comparative Analysis Before and After the Establishment of the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange
Abstract: 
 This paper presents a comparative analysis of the spatial price cointegration of coffee markets in Ethiopia in the pre and post Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX) era using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration framework. The study takes into consideration a market condition in which government policy restricts arbitrage coffee trade between coffee producing areas. Using coffee price data from 1998–2013 and applying a bounds test approach and Toda–Yamamoto Granger causality test, the study finds that the establishment of ECX has strengthened regional integration rather than a national harmony between producer markets. We also find evidence that, since the establishment of ECX, an opportunity was created for high quality coffee to dominate price formation while also allowing lower quality coffee producing areas to establish themselves. The study underlines the importance of market transparency and exchange of price information between producer markets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 565-583
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1187722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1187722
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Moe Fejerskov
Author-X-Name-First: Adam Moe
Author-X-Name-Last: Fejerskov
Title: The Influence of Established Ideas in Emerging Development Organisations: Gender Equality and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Abstract: 
 This article explores how ideas and practices may find their way into and entail significant changes in organisations as these enter into new fields and are increasingly confronted with dominant normative frameworks. Drawing on sociological institutional perspectives, I conceptualise three analytical processes occurring as ideas find their way into development organisations: i) emergence; ii) international negotiation and consensus production; and iii) external negotiation and appropriation. I then empirically explore these processes through a case study of how ideas and practices on gender equality and women’s empowerment have entered into and been made workable in the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 584-599
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199859
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199859
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yashodhan Ghorpade
Author-X-Name-First: Yashodhan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghorpade
Title: ‘Girls Don’t Become Craftsmen’: Determinants and Experiences of Children’s Work in Gemstone Polishing in Jaipur
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the determinants and valuations of children’s work and schooling choices drawing on primary mixed-methods research in the gemstone polishing industry of Jaipur, India. In addition to economic and demographic factors, the gendered expectations of children’s futures shapes their work and schooling outcomes. For boys, work is additionally driven by the need to acquire training for future employment and wages, and simultaneously complements, and competes with formal schooling. They can work at workshops, acquire higher skills, and can aspire to become skilled craftsmen whereas girls work at home on low-skill activities mainly to supplement household income.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 600-617
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199855
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:4:p:600-617




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Schuster
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuster
Author-Name: Miet Maertens
Author-X-Name-First: Miet
Author-X-Name-Last: Maertens
Title: Worker Empowerment Through Private Standards. Evidence from the Peruvian Horticultural Export Sector
Abstract: 
 In this paper we analyse the impact of a variety of private standards on worker empowerment in the horticultural export sector in Peru. Empowerment is defined as workers’ knowledge of their own rights and workers’ perceived agency to improve employment conditions. We use data from a company and a two-round employee survey, and difference-in-difference propensity score matching methods. We find positive effects of private standards on worker empowerment, with core labour standards having a more pronounced effect than standards with a small focus on labour, and thus complement previous evidence on the effects of standards on tangible employee wellbeing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 618-637
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199858
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199858
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Hope
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Hope
Title: Dilemmas of Difference: Indigenous Women and the Limits of Postcolonial Development Policy
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 638-639
Issue: 4
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1246812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1246812
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:4:p:638-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Claire Robitaille
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Robitaille
Author-Name: Ishita Chatterjee
Author-X-Name-First: Ishita
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterjee
Title: Sex-selective Abortions and Infant Mortality in India: The Role of Parents’ Stated Son Preference
Abstract: 
 In India, millions of female foetuses have been aborted since the 1980s alongside an abnormally high infant girl mortality rate; this has generated a vast literature exploring the root causes of son preference. The literature is sparse, however, on how the decisions to abort or neglect girls are made. This paper examines mothers’ and fathers’ respective roles behind those decisions. Using the third National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-3) data, we show that sex-selective abortions are most commonly used if both spouses or if only the fathers prefer sons, while sex-selective neglect is used if only the mothers prefer sons.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 47-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1241389
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1241389
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caryn Peiffer
Author-X-Name-First: Caryn
Author-X-Name-Last: Peiffer
Author-Name: Richard Rose
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose
Title: Why Are the Poor More Vulnerable to Bribery in Africa? The Institutional Effects of Services
Abstract: 
 Whereas most studies find the poor in Africa to be more vulnerable to bribery because of their lower socio-economic status, this paper proposes institutional differences as an alternative explanation. Because poor people are unable to afford privately provided services, they must use public services. In relying on the state more often, the poor become more vulnerable to bribery. Analyses of Afrobarometer data show that the poor are not more likely to pay bribes for state monopolised services. The poor’s disproportionate vulnerability to bribery for choice services is a function of their greater likelihood to have contact with the state.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 18-29
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1257121
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1257121
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Meagher
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Meagher
Title: Taxing Times: Taxation, Divided Societies and the Informal Economy in Northern Nigeria
Abstract: 
 This paper challenges the notion that taxing the informal economy provides a mechanism for increasing popular political voice and rebuilding the social contract. It contends that current arguments for taxing the informal economy suffer from a Eurocentric understanding of taxation and state formation, and a fiscally essentialist and undifferentiated notion of the informal economy. Drawing on fieldwork in northern Nigeria, this paper shows that history, gender, wealth and ethno-religious identity influence how taxing the informal economy shapes governance outcomes. Evidence from Nigeria suggests an inverse relationship between informal economy taxation and political voice, posing the risk that increased taxation will exacerbate social divisions rather than rebuild the social contract.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-17
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1262026
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1262026
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:1-17




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Tiberti
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiberti
Author-Name: Marco Tiberti
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiberti
Title: Food Price Changes and Household Welfare: What Do We Learn from Two Different Approaches?
Abstract: 
 The use of a marginal approach can significantly distort the predicted effects of large price variations on monetary welfare over the medium- to longer-term. This paper aims at shedding some light on the differences between a marginal approach and a non-separable agricultural household model with behavioural responses. When behavioural adjustments are allowed, households can adapt their consumption and production patterns by resulting in lower deteriorations in household welfare. The second-order effects introduced in the approach with responses reduce the negative effects due to the first-order consumption effects, with significant differences across quintiles. On average, the second-order effects represent up to roughly 40 per cent of total first-order effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 72-92
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1269888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1269888
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:72-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renaud Bourlès
Author-X-Name-First: Renaud
Author-X-Name-Last: Bourlès
Author-Name: Bruno Ventelou
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Ventelou
Author-Name: Maame Esi Woode
Author-X-Name-First: Maame Esi
Author-X-Name-Last: Woode
Title: Child Income Appropriations as a Disease-Coping Mechanism: Consequences for the Health-Education Relationship
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the relationships between HIV/AIDS and education taking into account the appropriative nature of child income. Using a theoretical model, we show that considering remittances from one’s child as an insurance asset can reverse the usual negative relationship between disease prevalence and educational investment. This prediction confirms the results of an empirical study conducted on data compiled from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) database for 12 sub-Sahara African countries for children aged between 7 and 22-years-old. Using regional HIV prevalence as a measure of health risk, we find that the ‘sign of the slope’ between health risk and the enrolment of children is not constant. Splitting the data based on expected remittance patterns (for example rural versus urban), we obtain that the effect is most likely driven by household characteristics related to child income appropriation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 57-71
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1274393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1274393
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:57-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikkel Funder
Author-X-Name-First: Mikkel
Author-X-Name-Last: Funder
Author-Name: Carol Mweemba
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Mweemba
Author-Name: Imasiku Nyambe
Author-X-Name-First: Imasiku
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyambe
Title: The Politics of Climate Change Adaptation in Development: Authority, Resource Control and State Intervention in Rural Zambia
Abstract: 
 In this article, we call for more attention to the national and local politics of climate change in developing countries, and contribute to this through a study of climate change adaptation interventions in Zambia. We show how such interventions form part of central state efforts to extend authority and control over natural resources, and how competing institutional actors such as local governments and chiefs seek to counter this. The article thereby shows how climate change adaptation is emerging as a new arena for deep-seated political and institutional struggles over issues such as authority, land control and devolution in development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 30-46
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1277021
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1277021
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lianlian Lei
Author-X-Name-First: Lianlian
Author-X-Name-Last: Lei
Author-Name: Feng Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Feng
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Elaine Hill
Author-X-Name-First: Elaine
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill
Title: Labour Migration and Health of Left-Behind Children in China
Abstract: 
 With rapid urbanisation, millions of people from rural areas have migrated to major cities for employment, leaving their young children at home. This labour migration creates substantial mental and physical challenges for these left-behind children. This study establishes two empirical models for comparing the health status of left-behind children with that of children in rural areas without migrant parents and with that of migrant children in urban areas. Our empirical findings reveal that parental migration negatively affects the height and weight indices of left-behind children. The effects are particularly prominent for younger children, when both parents migrate or when parents migrate out of province.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 93-110
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1283015
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1283015
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:93-110




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maki Nakajima
Author-X-Name-First: Maki
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakajima
Author-Name: Keijiro Otsuka
Author-X-Name-First: Keijiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka
Author-Name: Takashi Yamano
Author-X-Name-First: Takashi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamano
Title: Jobs Off the Farm: Wealth, Human Capital, and Social Group in Rural Eastern India
Abstract: 
 This study examines the effects of wealth, human capital, and social group on the occupational choice and income of farm households, to gain an understanding of the mechanism underlying the recently increasing income diversification in rural eastern India. The results show that wealth and human capital have a positive impact on the choice of high-return jobs, and low caste workers are more likely to work in casual, low-paying jobs, partly due to their dependence on personal networks in finding jobs. Notably, no clear evidence of association between social group and income is found.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 111-132
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1283017
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1283017
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:111-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica JAIN
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: JAIN
Title: A Vaccination for Education: Early Childhood Development Programme and the Education of Older Girls in Rural India
Abstract: 
 Girls lag behind boys in education in India and relatively more provide childcare at home. This paper investigates whether provision of childcare services by India’s largest child development programme narrows the gender education gap by reducing childcare costs. Using logit, village fixed effects and mother fixed effects, I find that girls 6–14 years old, whose younger sibling 0–5 years old is receiving any of the programme services intensely, are at least three percentage points more likely to be in school than similar boys. Further, I find that these girls are also more likely to complete early primary grades than boys.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 153-173
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1288218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1288218
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:153-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vítor Castro
Author-X-Name-First: Vítor
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro
Author-Name: Rodrigo Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Title: The Electoral Dynamics of Human Development
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the impact of elections, partisan and political support effects on the dynamics of human development in a panel of 82 countries over the period 1980–2013. A Generalised Method of Moments(GMM) estimator is employed and the results point out to the presence of an electoral cycle in the growth rate of human development. Majority governments also influence it, but no evidence is found regarding partisan effects. The electoral cycles have proved to be stronger in non-OECD countries, in countries with less frequent elections, with lower levels of income and human development, in presidential and non-plurality systems and in proportional representation regimes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 191-211
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1288221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1288221
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:191-211




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kibrom A. Abay
Author-X-Name-First: Kibrom A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abay
Author-Name: Goytom A. Kahsay
Author-X-Name-First: Goytom A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kahsay
Author-Name: Guush Berhane
Author-X-Name-First: Guush
Author-X-Name-Last: Berhane
Title: Social Networks and Factor Markets: Panel Data Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We investigate the role of an indigenous social network in Ethiopia, the iddir, in facilitating factor market transactions among smallholder farmers. We use detailed longitudinal household survey data and employ fixed effects estimation approaches to identify the effect of iddir membership on factor market transactions among farmers. We find that joining an iddir network improves households’ access to land, labour and credit transactions. Our findings also hint that iddir networks may crowd-out borrowing from local moneylenders (locally referred as ‘Arata Abedari’), a relatively expensive credit source. These results suggest that non-market institutions can play crucial roles in facilitating market transactions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 174-190
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1288224
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1288224
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:174-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Oppenheim
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Oppenheim
Author-Name: Johanna Söderström
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderström
Title: Citizens by Design? Explaining Ex-Combatant Satisfaction with Reintegration Programming
Abstract: 
 After armed conflict, there is often a surge in programmes designed to consolidate the peace. During the transition to peace, the quality of programme management has been argued to shape public perceptions about government and citizenship. What aspects of programme management are most important? What implementation failures have the greatest negative effects? We study these questions in the context of a reintegration programme for former combatants in Colombia. We find evidence that programme implementation has strong impacts on participant satisfaction, regardless of programme outcomes. This suggests that how benefits are delivered matters as much as what is delivered.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 133-152
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1288225
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1288225
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:133-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: X-X
Issue: 1
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1304006
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1304006
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:X-X




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Cummings
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cummings
Author-Name: Anastasia A. Seferiadis
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Seferiadis
Author-Name: Jeroen Maas
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Maas
Author-Name: Joske F. G. Bunders
Author-X-Name-First: Joske F. G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bunders
Author-Name: Marjolein B. M. Zweekhorst
Author-X-Name-First: Marjolein B. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zweekhorst
Title: Knowledge, Social Capital, and Grassroots Development: Insights from Rural Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 This article examines the relationship between social capital and the creation and exchange of knowledge for grassroots development. It applies a framework that originated in developed countries to the experimental phase of a successful entrepreneurial development programme, undertaken between 2006 and 2012 in rural Bangladesh. Although generally applicable, the framework&#x2019;s structural dimensions are further developed and divided into three functional subtypes of social capital (bonding, bridging and linking) following distinct pathways in their contribution to the creation and exchange of knowledge, demonstrating domains where programme participants co-created know-how. In conclusion, a framework representing the links between social capital and knowledge is presented.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 161-176
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1417584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1417584
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:161-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kotchikpa G. Lawin
Author-X-Name-First: Kotchikpa G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawin
Author-Name: Lota D. Tamini
Author-X-Name-First: Lota D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tamini
Title: Land Tenure Differences and Adoption of Agri-Environmental Practices: Evidence from Benin
Abstract: 
 This article uses a multinomial endogenous treatment effects model in combination with propensity score matching techniques to evaluate the impact of land tenure on the adoption of agri-environmental practices by smallholder farmers in Benin. We rely on a unique and detailed cross-sectional plot-level dataset that covers a random sample of 2800 smallholder farmers and 4233 plots. The results indicate that land tenure arrangement significantly influences farmers&#x2019; decision to invest in agri-environmental practices. The intensity of the adoption of agri-environmental practices is consistently higher on owned plots than borrowed, rented or sharecropped plots. We found strong evidence that the hypothesis of selectivity bias cannot be rejected. Although estimates of the adoption gap between plot owners and borrowers are larger when using the matched sample, the results are broadly consistent across specifications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 177-190
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1443210
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1443210
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:177-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Patrick Behrer
Author-X-Name-First: A. Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Behrer
Author-Name: Dale T. Manning
Author-X-Name-First: Dale T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Manning
Author-Name: Andrew Seidl
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Seidl
Title: The Impact of Institutional and Land Use Change on Local Incomes in Chilean Patagonia
Abstract: 
 Many developing rural economies depend on natural capital stocks for generating income and wealth. However, common property natural resources are often over-exploited. One method of solving over-exploitation is privatisation of the resource. In Palena, Chile, the privatisation of common-property grazing land facilitated a change in land use from grazing to tourism activities. We present a theoretical model that demonstrates that privatisation that leads to land use change has the potential to increase local wages. To resolve theoretical ambiguities, we calibrate a local general equilibrium model and find that privatisation and a switch to tourism resulted in higher wages in the local economy of Palena. This finding contributes to the ongoing investigation of the local costs and benefits of resource privatisation in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 191-208
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385766
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:191-208




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathleen Lawlor
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawlor
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Handa
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu
Author-X-Name-Last: Handa
Author-Name: David Seidenfeld
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seidenfeld
Author-Name:  
Author-X-Name-First: 
Author-X-Name-Last: 
Title: Cash Transfers Enable Households to Cope with Agricultural Production and Price Shocks: Evidence from Zambia
Abstract: 
 Climate change is projected to dramatically disrupt rainfall patterns and agricultural yields in sub-Saharan Africa. These shocks to food production can mire farming households in poverty traps. This study investigates whether unconditional cash transfers can help households cope with agricultural production and price shocks. We find that cash empowers poor, rural households facing these negative shocks to employ coping strategies typically used by the non-poor and enables them to substantially increase their food consumption and overall food security. Extending relatively small cash payments unconditionally to the rural poor is a powerful policy option for fostering climate-resilient development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 209-226
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1393519
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1393519
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:209-226




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin Mashisia
Author-X-Name-Last: Shikuku
Author-Name: Julius Juma Okello
Author-X-Name-First: Julius Juma
Author-X-Name-Last: Okello
Author-Name: Kirimi Sindi
Author-X-Name-First: Kirimi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sindi
Author-Name: Jan W. Low
Author-X-Name-First: Jan W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Low
Author-Name: Margaret Mcewan
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcewan
Title: Effect of Farmers&#x2019; Multidimensional Beliefs on Adoption of Biofortified Crops: Evidence from Sweetpotato Farmers in Tanzania
Abstract: 
 We examined the effect of multidimensional farmers&#x2019; beliefs on the likelihood of cultivating planting materials of biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) varieties. Using a panel dataset and combining difference-in-differences regression with propensity score matching, results showed positive effects of beliefs related to health benefits, yielding ability, sweetness, disease-resistance, storability, early maturity, colour, and that children enjoy eating OFSP roots, on cultivation of OFSP varieties. The proportion of OFSP roots out of total sweetpotato production for a household increased among farmers&#x2019; who held these beliefs. Efforts to promote biofortified crops can, therefore, benefit from taking farmers&#x2019; multidimensional beliefs into consideration.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 227-242
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414188
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:227-242




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George R. G. Clarke
Author-X-Name-First: George R. G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke
Title: Do Reticent Managers Misreport Data during Firm Surveys? Cross-Checking Reticent Managers&#x2019; Answers with Other Information
Abstract: 
 Previous studies have shown reticent managers answer sensitive questions differently than other managers do. If this is because they misreport information, it will be difficult to accurately estimate averages or regression coefficients. It is possible, however, they answer sensitive questions differently because their firms are different. This paper presents evidence from a quasi-experiment that suggests reticent managers misreport sensitive information. The paper first shows reticent managers in Nigeria report paying higher wages than other managers do. It then shows workers at these firms report lower, or similar, wages. The simplest explanation for this is that reticent managers misreport wages.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 243-259
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385763
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385763
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:243-259




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Emma Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Author-Name: Carlos Dabus
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabus
Author-Name: Fernando Delbianco
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbianco
Title: Growth and Poverty Revisited from a Multidimensional Perspective
Abstract: 
 The actual impact of economic growth on poverty reduction is of fundamental importance to the development agenda. This paper offers new empirical evidence on growth and poverty measured from a multidimensional perspective using the global Multidimensional Poverty Index. Results from a First Difference Estimator Model suggest that while economic growth reduces multidimensional poverty, this impact is well below a one-to-one relationship and lower than the impact of growth on income poverty. Results from a cross-section model additionally suggest that countries with higher levels of exports, higher share of industry and services and higher control of corruption have lower multidimensional poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 260-277
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1393520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1393520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:260-277




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Florin Vadean
Author-X-Name-First: Florin
Author-X-Name-Last: Vadean
Author-Name: Teresa Randazzo
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa
Author-X-Name-Last: Randazzo
Author-Name: Matloob Piracha
Author-X-Name-First: Matloob
Author-X-Name-Last: Piracha
Title: Remittances, Labour Supply and Activity of Household Members Left-Behind
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the role of remittances on labour supply and activity of household members left behind, by explicitly distinguishing between different types of self-employment. Contrary to the existing evidence, we find no &#x2018;dependency&#x2019; effect of remittances. Our results show that remittances received by households in Tajikistan decrease the probability of wage employment and increase that of small-scale self-employment activities of men staying behind, without affecting the number of job-specific hours worked. Any positive effect on economic development would be, however, limited, as self-employment is in rather small-scale activities that do not generate a regular income stream.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 278-293
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1404031
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404031
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:278-293




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Andres Corral Rodas
Author-X-Name-First: Paul Andres
Author-X-Name-Last: Corral Rodas
Author-Name: Vasco Molini
Author-X-Name-First: Vasco
Author-X-Name-Last: Molini
Author-Name: Gbemisola Oseni
Author-X-Name-First: Gbemisola
Author-X-Name-Last: Oseni
Title: No Condition is Permanent: Middle Class in Nigeria in the Last Decade
Abstract: 
 The economic debate on the existence and definition of the middle class has become particularly lively in many developing countries. Building on a recently developed framework called the Vulnerability Approach to Middle Class (VAMC) to define the middle class, this paper tries to estimate the size of the Nigerian middle class in a rigorous quantitative manner and to gauge its evolution over time. Using the VAMC method, the middle class group can be defined residually from the vulnerability analysis as those for which the probability of falling into poverty is below a certain threshold. The results show the size of the Nigerian middle class from is around 20 percent of the total population in 2012/13. However, the rate has been slower than expected given the high growth rates experienced in the country over the same period. The results also paint a heterogeneous picture of the middle class in Nigeria with large spatial differences. The southern regions have a higher share and experienced more growth of the middle class compared with the northern regions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 294-310
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1366453
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1366453
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:294-310




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Florence Dafe
Author-X-Name-First: Florence
Author-X-Name-Last: Dafe
Title: The Politics of Finance: How Capital Sways African Central Banks
Abstract: 
 While there is a large literature on the politics of central banking its insights are difficult to translate to sub-Saharan Africa. This article addresses gaps in this literature by considering how the interests of those who control financial resources sway African central banks. Case studies of Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda demonstrate that variation in the sources of capital on which countries rely to finance investment helps to account for the pattern of variation in central bank policy stances. The analysis further develops and probes arguments about power derived from the control of capital in the context of developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 311-327
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1380793
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380793
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:311-327




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Haug
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Haug
Title: Global Development and Colonial Power: German Development Policy at Home and Abroad
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 328-329
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1523121
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1523121
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:328-329




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Lyon
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyon
Title: Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice: The Capability Approach Re-Examined
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 330-331
Issue: 2
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1523122
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1523122
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:2:p:330-331




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial board
Journal: 
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422424
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:ebi-ebi




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shulin Gu
Author-X-Name-First: Shulin
Author-X-Name-Last: Gu
Title: The emergence of new technology enterprises in China: A study of endogenous capability building via restructuring
Abstract: 
 This article examines the emergence of a vital non‐state sector, consisting of New Technology Enterprises (NTEs) spun off from existing R&amp;D institutions during the economic reforms in China. Most NTEs are engaged in computer and information technology. Based on an outline of the development of the NTEs, this article focuses on an analysis of a few critical aspects of the restructuring process through which the NTEs gained entry to a sphere of innovative economic activity. The analysis shows that, while the newly emerged NTEs have to have international levels of competitiveness, the restructuring process has been highly specific to the local society. The article concludes by stressing the critical importance of the organisational innovation of the economic actors and the creation of institutions to support creative economic activities, if developing countries are to cope with the pressing trends of rapid technological progress and economic globalisation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 475-505
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422425
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422425
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:475-505




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alice Amsden
Author-X-Name-First: Alice
Author-X-Name-Last: Amsden
Author-Name: Rolph van der Hoeven
Author-X-Name-First: Rolph
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Hoeven
Title: Manufacturing output, employment and real wages in the 1980s: Labour's loss until the century's end
Abstract: 
 During the 1980s most developing countries experienced sharp declines in manufacturing output and real wages, whilst their manufacturing sectors were supposedly ‘restructured’ or made more competitive by having to confront market forces. This article examines the extent to which macroeconomic adjustment and industrial restructuring policies succeeded in achieving their objectives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 506-530
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422426
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422426
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:506-530




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Adam
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Adam
Author-Name: Benno Ndulu
Author-X-Name-First: Benno
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndulu
Author-Name: Nii Sowa
Author-X-Name-First: Nii
Author-X-Name-Last: Sowa
Title: Liberalisation and Seigniorage revenue in Kenya, Ghana and Tanzania
Abstract: 
 This article examines the implications for seigniorage revenue of exchange rate and asset market liberalisation. It is argued that liberalisation lowers the average and marginal seigniorage capacity of governments by increasing the elasticity of substitution between base money and other financial assets. Moreover, to the extent that exchange rate liberalisation eliminates goods market rationing, it simultaneously reduces the return to holding precautionary and speculative money balances. The implication is that countries that have relied on seigniorage revenue need to undertake deeper‐than‐anticipated fiscal adjustment in order to maintain macroeconomic balance following liberalisation programmes. The article uses error‐correction estimates of the demand for base money to derive the long‐run revenue maximising rate of inflation for the three economies and to assess the revenue implications of the sluggish adjustment of money demand in response to short‐term monetary shocks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 531-553
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422427
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422427
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:531-553




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Handa
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu
Author-X-Name-Last: Handa
Title: The determinants of teenage schooling in Jamaica: Rich vs. poor, females vs. males
Abstract: 
 The belief that schooling is an important way to reduce poverty and increase social mobility has lead to large government‐sponsored investment in education in developing countries. Jamaica has an impressive literacy and primary enrolment rate, yet the ability of its secondary school system to enhance social mobility and reduce inequality is limited. Regression results from a nationally representative household survey show that family background variables (parental education and income) are important determinants of secondary school enrolment, and income is the single most important determinant of enrolment in an ‘elite’ high school, with the impact being twice as large for females. Part of the income effect is shown to represent unobserved community heterogeneity. One conclusion is that the recent ‘cost‐sharing’ education policy of the Jamaican government, if applied selectively to the elite academic high schools, will fall disproportionately upon rich households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 554-580
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422428
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422428
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:554-580




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elio Londero
Author-X-Name-First: Elio
Author-X-Name-Last: Londero
Author-Name: Simón Teitel
Author-X-Name-First: Simón
Author-X-Name-Last: Teitel
Title: Industrialisation and the factor content of Latin American exports of manufactures
Abstract: 
 This article shows that Latin American exports of manufactures that grow consistently over time arise from both traditional as well as policy induced sources of comparative advantage. Case studies for Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela show that manufactures originally developed for the domestic market were exported with consistent growth rates and came to represent an important proportion of total manufacturing exports. The study also shows that inter‐country differences in the factor content of these exports reflect both differences in original resource endowments as well as the effects of industrialisation policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 581-601
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422429
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:581-601




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ari Kokko
Author-X-Name-First: Ari
Author-X-Name-Last: Kokko
Author-Name: Ruben Tansini
Author-X-Name-First: Ruben
Author-X-Name-Last: Tansini
Author-Name: Mario Zejan
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Zejan
Title: Local technological capability and productivity spillovers from FDI in the Uruguayan manufacturing sector
Abstract: 
 This article examines intra‐industry spillovers from FDI in Uruguayan manufacturing plants in 1988, to determine whether differences in the technology gap between locally‐owned plants and foreign affiliates have any impact on the relation between local productivity and foreign presence. We find a positive and statistically significant spillover effect only in a sub‐sample of locally‐owned plants with moderate technology gaps vis‐à‐vis foreign firms. Our interpretation is that there are firm‐specific differences in the ability to absorb spillovers, and that these may explain some of the contradictory findings of earlier spillover studies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 602-611
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422430
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422430
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:602-611




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Najma Sharif
Author-X-Name-First: Najma
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharif
Author-Name: Atul Dar
Author-X-Name-First: Atul
Author-X-Name-Last: Dar
Title: An empirical study of the patterns and sources of technical inefficiency in traditional and HYV rice cultivation in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 Production frontiers are estimated from survey data from a village in Bangladesh to examine the technical efficiency of farmers in the cultivation of traditional and high‐yielding‐variety (HYV) rice. In spite of much higher yields, HYV cultivation displays lower technical efficiency and much greater variability in efficiency. Also, efficiency is not independent of household endowments in that small farmers, and/or those with the least education and growing experience, are least efficient. Policies that promoted education and provided smaller farmers with greater access to public services would promote efficiency and equity, and help reduce HYV yield variability.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 612-629
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422431
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422431
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:612-629




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Buddhadasa Hewavitharana
Author-X-Name-First: Buddhadasa
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewavitharana
Author-Name: Tony Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Tony
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Author-Name: Mick Moore
Author-X-Name-First: Mick
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Author-Name: Matthias Lutz
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Lutz
Author-Name: Caroline Wright
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: 
 Money‐Go‐Rounds: The Importance of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations for Women. Edited by Shirley Ardener and Sandra Burman. Berg Publishers, Oxford. 1995.Geertz, C. 1962, ‘Rotating Credit Association, a “Middle Rung” in Development’, Economic Development and Cultural Change Vol.1, No.3.Rural Poverty in Asia: Priority Issues and Policy Options. Edited by M.G. Quibria. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1993. Pp.443. £11.95 (paperback). ISBN 0 19 586004 7Rural Poverty in Developing Asia. Volume 1: Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Edited by M.G. Quibria. Manila: Asian Development Bank, 1994. Pp.556. NP. ISBN 971 561 046 3Caste and Capitalism in Colonial India: The Nattukottai Chettiars. By David West Rudner. Berkeley, CA and London: University of California Press, 1995. Pp.341. $50 and $18. ISBN 0 520 07236 7 and 08350 4Boom, Crisis, and Adjustment: The Macreconomic Experience of Developing Countries. By I.M.D. Little, Richard N. Cooper, W. Max Corden and Sarath Rajapatirana. New York: Oxford University Press for The World Bank, 1993. Pp.ix + 455. £32.50/$42.95. ISBN 0 19 520891 9Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought. By Naila Kabeer. London and New York: Verso, 1994. Pp.xix + 346. £49.95 and £14.95.0 86091 384 8 and 0 86091 584 0
Journal: 
Pages: 630-639
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422432
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:4:p:630-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johannes G. Hoogeveen
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogeveen
Author-Name: Mariacristina Rossi
Author-X-Name-First: Mariacristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi
Author-Name: Dario Sansone
Author-X-Name-First: Dario
Author-X-Name-Last: Sansone
Title: Leaving, Staying or Coming Back? Migration Decisions During the Northern Mali Conflict
Abstract: 
 This paper uses a unique dataset to analyse the migration dynamics of refugees, returnees and, internally displaced people from the Northern Mali conflict. Individuals were interviewed monthly using mobile phones. Our results cast light on the characteristics of these three groups before and after displacement. In addition, we test how employment and security were related to migration status, as well as the willingness to go back home. Individuals who were employed while displaced were less willing to go back to the North, while those who owned a gun were more likely to plan to go back. Additional indicators of personal safety played a lesser role.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2089-2105
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1510119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1510119
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2089-2105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aiko Kikkawa
Author-X-Name-First: Aiko
Author-X-Name-Last: Kikkawa
Author-Name: Tomoya Matsumoto
Author-X-Name-First: Tomoya
Author-X-Name-Last: Matsumoto
Author-Name: Keijiro Otsuka
Author-X-Name-First: Keijiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka
Title: An Inquiry into the Heterogeneous Outcomes of International Migration: Evidence from Rural Households in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 There are considerable differences in the duration, intensity, and history of migration experiences among migrant households. The variation can have a significant effect on their investment behaviour. We classify our sample households in Bangladesh into four groups depending on the history and stage of migration and estimate its differential effect on physical and human capital investment. The results show that the patterns of investment are distinct between the groups and even of opposite directions in some cases. These heterogeneous effects often cancel each other out, leading to insignificant effects of migration when the average effect on all migrant households is estimated.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2106-2128
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1539476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1539476
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2106-2128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Aled Williams
Author-X-Name-First: David Aled
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Author-Name: Kendra E. Dupuy
Author-X-Name-First: Kendra E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dupuy
Title: Will REDD+ Safeguards Mitigate Corruption? Qualitative Evidence from Southeast Asia
Abstract: 
 High levels of faith and finance are being invested in REDD+ as a promising global climate change mitigation policy. Since its inception in 2007, corruption has been viewed as a potential impediment to the achievement of REDD+ goals, partly motivating ‘safeguards’ rolled out as part of national REDD+ readiness activities. We compare corruption mitigation measures adopted as part of REDD+ safeguards, drawing on qualitative case evidence from three Southeast Asian countries that have recently piloted the scheme: Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. We find that while REDD+ safeguards adopt a conventional principal-agent approach to tackling corruption in the schemes, our case evidence confirms our theoretical expectation that REDD+ corruption risks are perceived to arise not only from principal-agent type problems: they are also linked to embedded pro-corruption social norms. This implies that REDD+ safeguards are likely to be at best partially effective against corruption, and at worst will not mitigate corruption at all.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2129-2144
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1510118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1510118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2129-2144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Author-Name: Samuel Spiegel
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiegel
Title: Artisanal Gold Mining and Farming: Livelihood Linkages and Labour Dynamics after Land Reforms in Zimbabwe
Abstract: 
 While the rural development consequences of Zimbabwe’s Fast Track Land Reform Programme have been heavily debated, there is a dearth of literature focusing on the post-land reform inter-relations between artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and farming. This article discusses the growing ASGM sector, encapsulated by the phrase ‘mari yaputika’/‘gold has detonated’, examining the impacts of ‘liberating’ mineral resources in farming areas previously inaccessible to the rural poor. Drawing on research in Mhondoro Ngezi District, we argue for more subtle understandings of smallholder farming/ASGM linkages in relation to changing labour and class dynamics, challenging accounts that under-recognise the multifaceted interconnectedness of artisanal mining and farming.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2145-2161
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1516867
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1516867
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2145-2161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terence Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Terence
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: Can Information Change Public Support for Aid?
Abstract: 
 Donor country publics typically know little about how much aid their governments give. This paper reports on three experiments conducted in Australia designed to study whether providing accurate information on government giving changes people’s views about aid. Treating participants by showing them how little Australia gives or by showing declining generosity has little effect. However, contrasting Australian aid cuts with increases in the United Kingdom raises support for aid substantially. Motivated reasoning likely explains the broad absence of findings in the first two treatments. Concern with international norms and perceptions likely explains the efficacy of the third treatment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2162-2176
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1493194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1493194
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2162-2176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrienne M. Lucas
Author-X-Name-First: Adrienne M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucas
Author-Name: Nicholas L. Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: Schooling, Wealth, Risky Sexual Behaviour, and HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Economic growth and development have improved human health in many regions, while sub-Saharan Africa continues to lag behind. Economic theory and the existing empirical evidence suggest that development may not generate large reductions in the leading cause of adult mortality in the region, HIV/AIDS, and may increase risky sexual behaviour. We examine the association between schooling/material standard of living and HIV risk using data from more than 500,000 respondents in 32 sub-Saharan African countries. The results of our descriptive analysis suggest that the rapid increase in primary school completion without improvements in living standards or secondary school completion might not mitigate HIV transmission.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2177-2192
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1493195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1493195
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2177-2192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammed A. Usman
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammed A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Usman
Author-Name: Nicolas Gerber
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerber
Author-Name: Joachim von Braun
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim
Author-X-Name-Last: von Braun
Title: The Impact of Drinking Water Quality and Sanitation on Child Health: Evidence from Rural Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the association between stored drinking water quality and sanitation on diarrhoea incidence among under-five children in Ethiopia. Using primary household survey data and microbiological water quality testing for Escherichia coli, our results show that uncontaminated stored drinking water and safe child stool disposal are associated with decreased child diarrhoea incidences of 18 and 20 percentage points, respectively. In contrast, neighbourhood concentration of pit latrine shows an increased incidence of child diarrhoea of 16 percentage points. To protect rural children from the risk of contracting diarrhoea, improving household drinking water quality and changing people’s behaviour towards safe sanitation practices is needed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2193-2211
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1493193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1493193
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lynda Pickbourn
Author-X-Name-First: Lynda
Author-X-Name-Last: Pickbourn
Author-Name: Léonce Ndikumana
Author-X-Name-First: Léonce
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndikumana
Title: Does Health Aid Reduce Infant and Child Mortality from Diarrhoea in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Abstract: 
 Achieving sustained improvements in health outcomes remains a challenge for sub-Saharan Africa, where diarrhoea remains a leading cause of death in children under the age of five. This paper examines the impact of foreign aid to the health sector on diarrhoea mortality in children under five in 47 sub-Saharan African countries, using panel data on the sectoral allocation of official development assistance in conjunction with country-level data on health outcomes. After controlling for fixed effects and the potential endogeneity of health aid, we find that increased health aid and increased public health expenditure are associated with lower diarrhoea mortality in children under five. In addition, health aid increases government spending on health, suggesting that the overall impact of health aid on diarrheal death rates could exceed the direct effect. Furthermore, increased access to improved sources of water and sanitation are important in reducing child mortality from diarrhoea.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2212-2231
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1536264
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1536264
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2212-2231




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasuyuki Sawada
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawada
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Nakata
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakata
Author-Name: Mari Tanaka
Author-X-Name-First: Mari
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanaka
Title: Short and Long Recall Errors in Retrospective Household Surveys: Evidence from a Developing Country
Abstract: 
 While recall errors in retrospective data from household surveys may generate estimation biases, the nature and the relative magnitude of the errors are still largely unknown, especially in the context of developing countries. To bridge this gap in the existing studies, we conduct a resurvey of respondents of the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey (VHLS) 2006. The combined data set allows us to investigate a variety of short-term and long-term errors associated with recall surveys. First, our empirical results suggest that when we ask total expenditure rather than categorised expenditures, long recall errors are no worse than short recall errors. Second, we found mean-reversion only for long recall errors in the sum of categorised expenditures but not necessarily for total expenditure. Finally, the inclusion of household size, asset, income, and geographical dummy variables in regression analyses may mitigate the biases arising from measurement errors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2232-2253
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1539478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1539478
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:10:p:2232-2253




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cuong Viet Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Cuong Viet
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Nga Thu Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Nga Thu
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Tung Duc Phung
Author-X-Name-First: Tung Duc
Author-X-Name-Last: Phung
Title: Do Survey Spot-Check and Threat Improve Data Quality? Evidence from a Field Experiment
Abstract: 
 In this study, we examine the effect of interview observation on data quality of a large-scale individual survey in Vietnam. External spot-check teams were sent to randomly selected enumeration areas to attend and observe survey training courses and field interviews of interviewers. We find that interviewers have a lower number of item non-responses in collected data when being observed by the spot-check teams. The effect of a spot-check of field interviews appears to be higher than the effect of a spot-check of training courses. However, we do not find a significant effect of a spot-check threat: informing interviewers of a possible spot-check without actually visiting does not reduce item non-responses.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2254-2272
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1539474
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1539474
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anjana Dube
Author-X-Name-First: Anjana
Author-X-Name-Last: Dube
Author-Name: Rajalaxmi Kamath
Author-X-Name-First: Rajalaxmi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamath
Title: Microfinance Group Processes and Crises: Responses to Economic and Psychological Threats
Abstract: 
 We examine micro-finance institutions (MFI) group processes simulating potential default by members, often the tipping point of crises. Using structural equation methods to develop measurement models and experimental methodology to test causal effects of economic and psychological threats we effectively capture the risks perceived by individual borrowers. We defined these threats in terms of a given financial loss and reputation loss. The results show that members make the subtle distinction between different types of peer pressure and joint liability. We also show that psychological threats perceived by borrowers are key to understanding MFI group processes, especially as triggers to a repayment crisis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2273-2285
Issue: 10
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1539475
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1539475
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magnus Hatlebakk
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Hatlebakk
Title: Triadic Power Relations in Rural Nepal
Abstract: We generalise Basu's model of triadic power. For one landlord and multiple merchants the landlord's threat towards a labourer becomes credible in the original stage game. For multiple landlords and merchants we generalise more recent solutions. We estimate a reduced form of the model, where equilibrium rural wages are a function of the number of landlords, distance to merchants, characteristics of the labourers and the distance to external markets. We apply Living Standards Measurement Study data from Nepal, and find support for the triadic model. In particular, the influence via the merchants depends on the number of landlords.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1739-1756
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.509787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.509787
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farzana Afridi
Author-X-Name-First: Farzana
Author-X-Name-Last: Afridi
Title: The Impact of School Meals on School Participation: Evidence from Rural India
Abstract: This article assesses the effect of transition from monthly distribution of free food grains to the daily provision of free cooked meals to school children on enrolments and attendance in a rural area of India. School panel data allow a difference-in-differences estimation strategy to address possible endogeneity of programme placement. The results suggest that programme transition had a significant impact on improving the daily participation rates of children in lower grades. The average monthly attendance rate of girls in grade one was more than 12 percentage points higher while there was a positive but insignificant effect on grade one boys' attendance rate. The impact on enrolment levels was insignificant.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1636-1656
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.514330
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Shaffer
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaffer
Title: Against Excessive Rhetoric in Impact Assessment: Overstating the Case for Randomised Controlled Experiments
Abstract: The recent attention afforded to randomisation, or Randomised Control Trials (RCTs), in impact assessment is a welcome development. The case for RCTs in international development, however, has been quite overstated. This article critically examines the seminal model underlying RCTs, the Holland-Rubin Framework, with a view to make four claims about RCTs: (i) they have limitations as conceptions of causation; (ii) their ‘idealised’ model of causal inference is undermined by implementation issues; (iii) they are not necessary to make internally valid statements about impact; and (iv) in general, they do not provide sufficient information for many purposes of impact assessment. The key argument is that ultimately, the choice of approach to impact assessment should be driven by the research question at hand and not by the alleged superiority of method.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1619-1635
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.514331
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajantha Kumara
Author-X-Name-First: Ajantha
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumara
Author-Name: Wade Pfau
Author-X-Name-First: Wade
Author-X-Name-Last: Pfau
Title: Impact of Cash Transfer Programmes on School Attendance and Child Poverty: An Ex Ante Simulation for Sri Lanka
Abstract: For countries assessing whether to implement a cash transfer programme, an ex-ante evaluation is vital to assess its potential impacts. This study simulates the impact of alternative cash transfer programmes on school attendance and poverty among Sri Lankan children. We find that cash transfer programmes targeting poor children would be the most cost-effective way to reduce child poverty and encourage school attendance. If means-testing is not feasible, then programmes targeting the children in households with at least three school-age children would provide a suitable second-best solution. Our findings suggest that even a limited programme budget can provide significant impacts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1699-1720
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2010.536223
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2010.536223
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zlatko Nikoloski
Author-X-Name-First: Zlatko
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikoloski
Title: Impact of Financial Crises on Poverty in the Developing World: An Empirical Approach
Abstract: This article adopts a cross-country perspective to analyse the short term effects of currency, banking and debt crises on the poverty headcount ratio and the poverty gap (as measured by the World Bank), employing multivariate fixed-effects panel data analysis. The findings suggest that currency crises most significantly exacerbate both the incidence and depth of poverty in the short run. Banking crises are associated with an increase in the depth of poverty but not the incidence while there is no direct effect of sovereign debt crises. Given the low level of significance, the results are far from conclusive and offer only partial indications of the crises-poverty nexus.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1757-1779
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561329
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Markussen
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Markussen
Title: Inequality and Political Clientelism: Evidence from South India
Abstract: Political parties can be vehicles for economic and social development in poor countries. They can also serve as rent seeking instruments. Uncovering how parties function is therefore key to establishing the preconditions for good governance. The article discusses when and why clientelism on the basis of party affiliation may arise. Operationally, party-based clientelism is defined as a bias of public policy in favour of members of the governing political party. In a sample of local governments in India, party-based clientelism is shown to exist in two out of four states and to be strongly affected by economic inequality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1721-1738
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561330
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shao-Hsun Keng
Author-X-Name-First: Shao-Hsun
Author-X-Name-Last: Keng
Author-Name: Sheng-Jang Sheu
Author-X-Name-First: Sheng-Jang
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheu
Title: Can Education Subsidy Reverse Falling Fertility? The Case of Taiwan
Abstract: The education subsidy in Taiwan is available for government employees only. In 1996, the government ceased to index the education subsidy for inflation, which created a natural experiment ideal for studying the effect of the education subsidy on fertility. Using the difference-in-differences approach, we find that the reform reduced the fertility probability for public-sector households by 17 per cent and this negative response appears to be permanent. The estimated probability elasticity of fertility is 0.05, which is smaller than that of personal tax exemption (0.8). The results also suggest that the education subsidy has a heterogeneous effect on fertility across income groups.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1677-1698
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.609585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.609585
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aradhna Aggarwal
Author-X-Name-First: Aradhna
Author-X-Name-Last: Aggarwal
Title: Achieving Equity in Health through Community-based Health Insurance: India's Experience with a Large CBHI Programme
Abstract: This article analyses equity in enrolment, renewal of enrolment, and utilisation of community-based health insurance with special reference to the Yeshasvini health care programme. The analysis employs a primary survey conducted in rural Karnataka using a random sample of 4109 households. The study identifies quantifiable variables covering various dimensions of vulnerability and assesses their relationship with enrolment, renewal of enrolment, and utilisation using logistic regression techniques. The results demonstrate that inequities do exist even though they are less pronounced in utilisation than in enrolments and renewals. While community-based health insurance (CBHI) may be used as a mechanism to reach the disadvantaged population, they can not be considered as substitute for government-created health infrastructure.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1657-1676
Issue: 11
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.609586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.609586
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristine Campos de Xavier Pinto
Author-X-Name-First: Cristine Campos de Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto
Author-Name: Daniel Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Author-Name: Clarissa Guimarães
Author-X-Name-First: Clarissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Guimarães
Title: The Impact of Daycare Attendance on Math Test Scores for a Cohort of Fourth Graders in Brazil
Abstract: 
 We estimate the impact of having attended centre-based daycare institutions during early childhood on math test scores at the fourth grade level of elementary school. We find evidence that daycare attendance has a net impact on math proficiency, and that the effects are heterogeneous. The effect of daycare and kindergarten attendance on proficiency varies according to mother’s education. The effects of the impact of daycare vary from −0.28 standard deviation for mothers with no education to 0.42 standard deviation for mother’s with college or more.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1335-1357
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1224849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1224849
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rasyad A. Parinduri
Author-X-Name-First: Rasyad A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Parinduri
Title: Does Education Improve Health? Evidence from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 I examine the effects of education on health in Indonesia using an exogenous variation in education induced by an extension of Indonesia’s school term length in 1978–1979, a natural experiment that fits a regression discontinuity design. I find the longer school year increases educational attainment and wages, but I do not find evidence that education improves health. I explore some mechanisms through which education may affect health, but education does not seem to promote healthy lifestyles, increase the use of modern healthcare services, or improve access to health insurance; if anything, education improves only cognitive capacity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1358-1375
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1228880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1228880
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renate Strobl
Author-X-Name-First: Renate
Author-X-Name-Last: Strobl
Title: Does Health Insurance Reduce Child Labour and Education Gaps? Evidence from Rwanda
Abstract: 
 A common practice of poor households to informally deal with risk is to allocate children’s time away from school towards income-generating activities or household production. Focussing on Rwanda, this study investigates whether the provision of formal health insurance helps to prevent this undesired risk coping strategy. We find that children of households enrolled in health insurance work significantly less compared to those of not enrolled families, and also have better educational achievements. The results suggest that policy interventions which reduce household risk exposure may have additional benefits in terms of lower child labour supply and higher schooling levels.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1376-1395
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1224854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1224854
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayça Akarçay-Gürbüz
Author-X-Name-First: Ayça
Author-X-Name-Last: Akarçay-Gürbüz
Author-Name: Sezgin Polat
Author-X-Name-First: Sezgin
Author-X-Name-Last: Polat
Title: Schooling Opportunities and Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Turkey: An IV Estimation Using Census Data
Abstract: 
 We estimate the intergenerational transmission of education in Turkey using micro-data from the 1990 and 2000 censuses and an instrumental variable (IV) approach. We construct a historical series of provincial enrolment rates by gender to isolate the environmental effect on parental education. The results reveal that intergenerational educational mobility increases over time through a stronger decrease in the transmission of paternal education. The improvement is larger for boys, and the transmission is higher for mother-daughter pairs and in the case of poorer educated parents.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1396-1413
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1234038
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1234038
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:9:p:1396-1413




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kibrewossen Abay
Author-X-Name-First: Kibrewossen
Author-X-Name-Last: Abay
Author-Name: Kalle Hirvonen
Author-X-Name-First: Kalle
Author-X-Name-Last: Hirvonen
Title: Does Market Access Mitigate the Impact of Seasonality on Child Growth? Panel Data Evidence from Northern Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 Seasonality in agricultural production continues to shape intra-annual food availability in low-income countries. Using high-frequency panel data from northern Ethiopia, this study attempts to quantify seasonal fluctuations in children’s weights. Consistent with earlier studies, we document considerable seasonality in children’s age and height adjusted weights. While children located closer to local food markets are better nourished compared to their counterparts residing farther away, their weights are also subject to considerable seasonality. Further analysis shows that children located closer to food markets consume more diverse diets than those located farther away but the content of the diet varies across seasons. This leads us to conclude that households located near these food markets are not able to insulate their children from seasonal weight fluctuations. We discuss some policy options with potential to address this threat to child wellbeing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1414-1429
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1251586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1251586
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Udaya R. Wagle
Author-X-Name-First: Udaya R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wagle
Title: The Caste/Ethnic Bases of Poverty Dynamics: A Longitudinal Analysis of Chronic and Structural Poverty in Nepal
Abstract: 
 This paper examines poverty dynamics and their socioeconomic determinants between 1996 and 2011 in Nepal. With chronic and structural poverty headcount ratios of around 17 per cent, poverty is mostly transient and stochastic affecting up to four-fifths of the population. Descriptively, indigenous Janajatis and lower caste Hindus exhibit the highest rates of chronic and structural poverty. Panel data models suggest significant roles of human capital and household assets in determining poverty, however, with the evidence of caste/ethnic penalty limited mostly to Janajatis. Findings provide important insights into the structure and determinants of poverty dynamics, helping to rethink policies to address them.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1430-1451
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1224850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1224850
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Galina An
Author-X-Name-First: Galina
Author-X-Name-Last: An
Author-Name: Charles M. Becker
Author-X-Name-First: Charles M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Becker
Author-Name: Enoch Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Enoch
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Title: Economic Crisis, Income Gaps, Uncertainty, and Inter-regional Migration Responses: Kazakhstan 2000–2014
Abstract: 
 There is ample empirical evidence that internal migration occurs in response to wage differentials; recently, evidence has emerged that international migration is deterred by rising destination uncertainty. However, to our knowledge, there has been no analysis of how internal migration responds to differing incentives during good times and bad. This paper provides insight into this issue using detailed regional economic and migration data for Kazakhstan during boom (2000–2007) and crisis (2008–2014) periods. While conventional forces are affirmed, we find that the crisis deters migration and weakens the effect of wage differentials – while also reducing the deterrent effect of relative uncertainty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1452-1470
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1257118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1257118
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yueping Song
Author-X-Name-First: Yueping
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Xiao-Yuan Dong
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao-Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong
Title: Domestic Violence and Women’s Land Rights in Rural China: Findings from a National Survey in 2010
Abstract: 
 In recent decades, China undertook a series of agricultural land tenure reforms to increase the security of land use rights for rural households. While these reforms boosted agricultural production, they also increased landlessness among women due to patrilocal and patrilineal customs. Utilising data from China’s Women Social Status Survey conducted in 2010, this paper examines the impact of women’s land rights on the incidence of domestic violence in rural China. The results show that women who have lost claims to contract land or have no residential land face significantly higher risks of being physically or psychologically abused by their husbands.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1471-1485
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1257119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1257119
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Breen
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Breen
Author-Name: Robert Gillanders
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillanders
Author-Name: Gemma Mcnulty
Author-X-Name-First: Gemma
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcnulty
Author-Name: Akisato Suzuki
Author-X-Name-First: Akisato
Author-X-Name-Last: Suzuki
Title: Gender and Corruption in Business
Abstract: 
 Are firms with female owners or managers less corrupt than other firms? We test this question using firm-level data on corruption, ownership, and management. We find that women in positions of influence are associated with less corruption: female owners are associated with a lower incidence of bribery and report smaller levels of bribery. Moreover, corruption is seen as less of an obstacle in companies where women are represented in top management. By providing evidence that women are associated with lower levels of corruption in business our research contributes to the literature on development, gender equality, and corruption.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1486-1501
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1234036
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1234036
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khondoker A. Mottaleb
Author-X-Name-First: Khondoker A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mottaleb
Author-Name: Dil Bahadur Rahut
Author-X-Name-First: Dil Bahadur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahut
Author-Name: Akhter Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Akhter
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: Bruno Gérard
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Gérard
Author-Name: Olaf Erenstein
Author-X-Name-First: Olaf
Author-X-Name-Last: Erenstein
Title: Enhancing Smallholder Access to Agricultural Machinery Services: Lessons from Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 Resource poor smallholders in developing countries often lack access to capital goods such as farm machinery. Enabling adequate access through machinery services can thereby significantly contribute to food security and farm incomes. At the core of the service provision model is the lead farmer, who makes the initial investment in agricultural machinery, and provides services to others on a fee-for-service basis. Profiling the lead farmers can thereby provide important lessons and scaling implications. The present paper provides a case study of Bangladesh, using primary data to characterise the lead farmers. General education, credit availability and risk taking attitude play significant roles in whether or not a farm household will be a lead farmer in Bangladesh.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1502-1517
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1257116
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1257116
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Martuscelli
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Martuscelli
Title: Analysing the Impact of Price Shocks in Rural Economies: Do Household Responses Matter?
Abstract: 
 We analyse the impact of higher food prices on rural households in Tanzania focusing on the often neglected role of households’ behavioural responses. We introduce a new framework which considers the production response jointly with substitution effects in consumption and takes into account households’ market participation choices. Taking into account behavioural responses on consumption and production can significantly alter the sign and magnitude of the welfare impact in the long run.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1518-1534
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1257117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1257117
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brock Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Brock
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: , By Lori Leonard
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1535-1536
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1280963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1280963
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadim Mirshak
Author-X-Name-First: Nadim
Author-X-Name-Last: Mirshak
Title: Young Generation Awakening: Economics, Society, and Policy on the Eve of the Arab Spring 
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1536-1537
Issue: 9
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1280964
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1280964
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:9:p:1536-1537




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Supriya Garikipati
Author-X-Name-First: Supriya
Author-X-Name-Last: Garikipati
Author-Name: Susan Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Author-Name: Isabelle Guérin
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Guérin
Author-Name: Ariane Szafarz
Author-X-Name-First: Ariane
Author-X-Name-Last: Szafarz
Title: Microfinance and Gender: Issues, Challenges and The Road Ahead
Abstract: 
 This special collection examines the claim that microfinance promotes gender equality. The focus is on three areas of the debate: first, the question of how successful microfinance has been in empowering women; second, whether and how negative gender discrimination operates within the sector; third, how power relations within and beyond the household shape the context and outcomes of microfinance initiatives. The papers in this collection demonstrate the divergence of circumstances and emphasise the need to go beyond the past searches for a simple narrative regarding the impact of microfinance. Rather, as the sector evolves and is incorporated into the mainstream financial system, the challenge ahead for researchers is to marshal the evidence on gendered dynamics to ensure that the gains made are built on through deeper understanding of why impact outcomes and processes differ and use this to inform new initiatives to further gender equality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 641-648
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205736
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:641-648




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naila Kabeer
Author-X-Name-First: Naila
Author-X-Name-Last: Kabeer
Title: Economic Pathways to Women’s Empowerment and Active Citizenship: What Does The Evidence From Bangladesh Tell Us?
Abstract: 
 This paper sets out to explore economic pathways to women’s empowerment and active citizenship in Bangladesh, a country where the denial of economic resources to women, and their resulting status as lifelong dependents on men, has long been seen as foundational to their subordinate status. While empowerment entails change in the lives of individual women and their interpersonal relations, the concept of active citizenship draws attention to women’s capacity to participate in the public life of their community. The paper draws on the existing literature on women’s access to various forms of paid work both to assess their impact in terms of empowerment and citizenship and to understand better the processes by which these changes might occur.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 649-663
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205730
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205730
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:649-663




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maren Duvendack
Author-X-Name-First: Maren
Author-X-Name-Last: Duvendack
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones
Title: Micro-Finance, Women’s Empowerment and Fertility Decline in Bangladesh: How Important Was Women’s Agency?
Abstract: 
 As Nobel Prize winner Amartya Sen has argued “[Bangladesh’s development achievements have] important lessons for other countries across the globe, [in particular a focus on] reducing gender inequality”. A major avenue through which this emphasis has been manifest lies, according to this narrative, in enhancements to women’s agency for instrumental and intrinsic reasons particularly through innovations in family planning and microfinance. The “Bangladesh paradox” of improved wellbeing despite low economic growth over the last four decades is claimed as a paradigmatic case of the spread of both modern family planning programmes and microfinance leading to women’s empowerment and fertility reduction. In this paper we show that the links between microfinance, empowerment and fertility reduction, are fraught with problems, and far from robust; hence the claimed causal links between microfinance and family planning via women’s empowerment needs to be further reconsidered.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 664-683
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205731
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205731
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:664-683




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranjula Bali Swain
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjula
Author-X-Name-Last: Bali Swain
Author-Name: Fan Yang Wallentin
Author-X-Name-First: Fan Yang
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallentin
Title: The Impact of Microfinance on Factors Empowering Women: Differences in Regional and Delivery Mechanisms in India’s SHG Programme
Abstract: 
 We examine how the impact on women’s empowerment varies with respect to the location and type of group linkage of the respondent. Using household survey data from five states in India, we correct for selection bias to estimate a structural equation model. Our results reveal that in the southern states of India empowerment of women takes place through economic factors. For the other states, we find a significant correlation between women’s empowerment and autonomy in women’s decision-making and network, communication and political participation respectively. We do not, however, find any differential causal impact of different delivery methods (linkage models).
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 684-699
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205732
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205732
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:684-699




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Supriya Garikipati
Author-X-Name-First: Supriya
Author-X-Name-Last: Garikipati
Author-Name: Isabelle Agier
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Agier
Author-Name: Isabelle Guérin
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Guérin
Author-Name: Ariane Szafarz
Author-X-Name-First: Ariane
Author-X-Name-Last: Szafarz
Title: The Cost of Empowerment: Multiple Sources of Women’s Debt in Rural India
Abstract: 
 Poor women borrow from multiple sources. This study examines whether the source of debt matters for women’s role in household financial decisions. Drawing on a household survey from rural Tamil Nadu, we categorise women’s loans along the lines of accessibility and formality into ‘planned loans’ and ‘instant loans’. We find that ‘instant loans’ support women’s bargaining power in various types of household financial decisions, whereas ‘planned loans’ have no impact. This surprising result is better understood when the nature of ‘instant loans’ is examined – these are frequently usurious, involve coercive enforcement methods and are considered socially debasing. Hence women who use them perform a convenient role for their households and in return gain some negotiating power.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 700-722
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205734
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205734
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:700-722




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcella Corsi
Author-X-Name-First: Marcella
Author-X-Name-Last: Corsi
Author-Name: Marina De Angelis
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: De Angelis
Title: Gender Discrimination in Microfinance? Some Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 Microfinance literature has proved the existence of gender discriminatory practices against women in some specific contexts. Discrimination is often explored from the access side (loans approved or denied). Following Agier and Szafarz (2013), we deviate from this practice and use the variable loan size, considering up to four loans for each client. Drawing on data from a microfinance programme in Uganda, we find no evidence of gender discrimination against women clients, even though our results show that the loan size is influenced by personal characteristics and that women, in contrast to men, are rewarded according to their credit history.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 723-740
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205733
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:723-740




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabelle Guérin
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Guérin
Author-Name: Santosh Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Santosh
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Title: Market, Freedom and the Illusions of Microcredit. Patronage, Caste, Class and Patriarchy in Rural South India
Abstract: 
 As a market tool, microcredit is expected to promote individual freedom, for women in particular. By drawing on a southern Indian case, this paper argues that microcredit is in fact shaped by the power structures it is supposed to eradicate. Even if they are partly reshaped, local structures of power remain unavoidable to protect populations (something that microcredit fails to do) but also to build the microcredit market and ensure its legitimacy, for donors, local political arenas and local populations. Far beyond microcredit, our findings question the uneasy relationships between markets and individual freedoms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 741-754
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205735
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205735
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:741-754




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Title: We Don’t Have This Is Mine and This Is His’: Managing Money and The Character of Conjugality in Kenya
Abstract: 
 In the context of calls for more nuanced understanding of marriage as a dynamic institution, this paper addresses a gap in the literature on intra-household financial management. It examines financial management systems and levels of cooperation among 51 married couples in Kenya. It first presents a typology of intra-household financial management arrangements and then examines how this relates to the nature of cooperation between couples. It reveals a wide spectrum of cooperation which highlights the neglected case of strong cooperation, which is found to be more frequent among younger couples. There is some evidence that this is the result of changing ideologies towards companionate marriage but there is also evidence of life-cycle influences which result in declining cooperation over time.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 755-768
Issue: 5
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1205729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1205729
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:755-768




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brittany Gilmer
Author-X-Name-First: Brittany
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilmer
Title: Awareness Campaigns as a Response to Piracy off the Coast of Somalia
Abstract: 
 In 2012 the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) began implementing an awareness campaign to influence public opinion in Somalia against piracy. The campaign aimed to deter individuals from joining piracy by highlighting the dangers and problems associated with piracy. Despite the hype surrounding its commencement, the UNODC campaign was met with various challenges that resulted in minimal implementation and left a trail of angry donors, staff members and Somali government officials. This article examines awareness campaigns as a response to piracy. It provides a first-hand account of the actors and politics involved in shaping the design and implementation of the UNODC anti-piracy awareness campaign. It explores the implied and developed knowledges embedded within campaign messages and analyses how objects of intervention were produced and reproduced throughout the campaign.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 765-779
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1107047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1107047
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:765-779




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Muchapondwa
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Muchapondwa
Author-Name: Daniel Nielson
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielson
Author-Name: Bradley Parks
Author-X-Name-First: Bradley
Author-X-Name-Last: Parks
Author-Name: Austin M. Strange
Author-X-Name-First: Austin M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Strange
Author-Name: Michael J. Tierney
Author-X-Name-First: Michael J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tierney
Title: ‘Ground-Truthing’ Chinese Development Finance in Africa: Field Evidence from South Africa and Uganda
Abstract: 
 A new methodology, Tracking Underreported Financial Flows (TUFF), leverages open-source information on development finance by non-transparent, non-Western donors. If such open-source methods prove to be valid and reliable, they can enhance our understanding of the causes and consequences of development finance from non-transparent donors including, but not limited to, China. But open-source methods face charges of inaccuracy. In this study we create and field-test a replicable ‘ground-truthing’ methodology to verify, update, and improve open-source data with in-person interviews and site visits in Uganda and South Africa. Ground-truthing generally reveals close agreement between open-source data and answers to protocol questions from informants with official roles in the Chinese-funded projects. Our findings suggest that open-source data collection, while limited in knowable ways, can provide a stronger empirical foundation for research on development finance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 780-796
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1087510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1087510
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:780-796




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hloniphile Simelane
Author-X-Name-First: Hloniphile
Author-X-Name-Last: Simelane
Title: Urban Land Management and its Discontents: A Case Study of the Swaziland Urban Development Project (SUDP)
Abstract: 
 Whilst much has been written about land contests in rural settings in sub-Saharan Africa, less attention has been paid to land disputes between traditional and formal authorities in urban areas. Using the Swaziland Urban Development Project as a case study, this article examines jurisdictional conflicts over land that occur between traditional leaders and formal structures such as Swaziland’s Ministry of Housing and Urban Development and city councils. The focus is on local residents, who are caught in the middle of the land contests and use various strategies to hold onto their land. Employing qualitative methodology and the conceptual lens of institutional multiplicity, the article concludes that rival jurisdictional claims negatively affect residents and impede development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 797-812
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1098632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1098632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:797-812




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gianmarco Daniele
Author-X-Name-First: Gianmarco
Author-X-Name-Last: Daniele
Author-Name: Benny Geys
Author-X-Name-First: Benny
Author-X-Name-Last: Geys
Title: Family Ties and Socio-Economic Outcomes in High vs Low Income Countries
Abstract: 
 Alesina and Giuliano illustrate that strong family ties lead to lower geographical mobility and reduced labour force participation of young and female individuals. We extend their analysis by arguing that the effect of strong family ties on economic outcomes depends on a country’s level of economic and institutional development. This cross-country heterogeneity arises because strong family ties not only foster traditional family values (which have disruptive effects on economic outcomes), but also provide economically valuable social networks – especially in societies characterised by weak institutions and limited market access. Empirical evidence using the European and World Value Surveys (EVS/WVS) are supportive of our theoretical argument.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 813-823
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1098630
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1098630
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:813-823




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Florence Arestoff
Author-X-Name-First: Florence
Author-X-Name-Last: Arestoff
Author-Name: Melanie Kuhn-Le Braz
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuhn-Le Braz
Author-Name: El Mouhoub Mouhoud
Author-X-Name-First: El Mouhoub
Author-X-Name-Last: Mouhoud
Title: Remittance Behaviour of Forced Migrants in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Abstract: 
 This paper looks at the determinants of South-South remittances. An original dataset of African migrants living in Johannesburg is used. As South Africa attracts both economic and forced migrants, we focus on the impact of the reason of emigration (violence versus economic concerns) on migrants’ remittance behaviour. On the extensive margin, the results show that leaving a home country for reasons of violence decreases the probability of remitting to the home country. On the intensive margin, transferred amounts do not differ according to whether the migrant was forced to migrate or not. When the migrant has decided to remit, it is more his/her current conditions in the host country and traditional factors (income, education, sex, etc.) that determine the amounts transferred. Our results are robust when restricting the definition of forced migration.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 824-837
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1098628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1098628
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:824-837




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Apsara Karki Nepal
Author-X-Name-First: Apsara
Author-X-Name-Last: Karki Nepal
Title: The Impact of International Remittances on Child Outcomes and Household Expenditures in Nepal
Abstract: 
 Nepal has one of the highest ratios of international remittances to gross domestic product in the world. We examine whether the massive inflow of international remittances affects child schooling, child labour and household expenses. Controlling extensively for a host of observed characteristics of households and migrants, and using an instrumental variable approach, this research finds no effect of international remittances on child education or child labour in Nepal. However, it does find a significant increase in non-food expenditures, including education spending, due to international remittances. Despite increased expenditure on child education, educational outcomes are not improving because of international remittances.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 838-853
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1107045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1107045
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:838-853




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marjorie Pajaron
Author-X-Name-First: Marjorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Pajaron
Title: Heterogeneity in the Intrahousehold Allocation of International Remittances: Evidence from Philippine Households
Abstract: 
 This article shows that heterogeneity in the intrahousehold allocation of remittances sent by temporary international migrant workers exists among households in the Philippines, and may be attributable to the absence of the spouse, suggesting moral hazard, and to the gender and educational attainment of the household head, indicating differences in preferences. GLM estimates and post-estimation tests reveal that male heads spend more on alcohol and tobacco, that the presence of a female decision-maker in a household increases allocations to goods that improve the welfare of the children, and that household heads with less formal education allocate more to education.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 854-875
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1113261
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1113261
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:854-875




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sachiko Miyata
Author-X-Name-First: Sachiko
Author-X-Name-Last: Miyata
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Title: Do Female Gender Role Attitudes Affect Labour Market Participation in Egypt?
Abstract: 
 We analyse the inter-generational relationship of attitudes towards gender roles and their impact on individuals’ labour market participations in Egypt. We find a strong correlation between mothers’ and daughters’ perceptions of gender roles. Unlike the existing literature, perceptions are not associated with the labour market status even if we control for endogeneity issues using an instrumental variable regression. Furthermore, higher-educated females are more likely to be unemployed in Egypt. These results imply that perceptions among females are not translated into their labour market behaviour and the supply-side policies alone may not be sufficient for improving young women’s employment opportunities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 876-894
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1113262
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1113262
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:876-894




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Elisa Orso
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Orso
Author-Name: Enrico Fabrizi
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Fabrizi
Title: The Determinants of Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh: The Role of Partner’s Attitudes and Participation in Microcredit Programmes
Abstract: 
 This paper employs data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (2004) to explore how women’s empowerment is related to partner’s attitudes, participation in microcredit programmes and a set of other socio-economic factors. We use a structural equation model with categorical observed variables. We get that participation in microcredit programmes has a positive impact on both the empowerment’s dimensions considered, while partner’s attitudes effect is weaker, proving that gender community norms are likely to be rooted in women’s minds regardless of the partners’ perceptions of women’s status.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 895-912
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1107046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1107046
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:895-912




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Matthews
Author-X-Name-First: Sally
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews
Title: Development Discourse and Global History: From Colonialism to the Sustainable Development Goals
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 913-914
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153185
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1153185
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:913-914




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 915-915
Issue: 6
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1174428
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1174428
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:6:p:915-915




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel M. Gisselquist
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gisselquist
Title: Legal Empowerment and Group-Based Inequality
Abstract: 
 Legal empowerment has become widely accepted in development policy circles as an approach to addressing poverty and exclusion. At the same time, it has received relatively little attention from political scientists and sociologists working on overlapping and closely related topics &#x2013; the rule of law, the functioning of judicial systems, property rights, labour politics, and business and governance, among others. Research on legal empowerment has been largely applied, with clearest grounding in the fields of law and economics. This special issue speaks to this gap with contributions on six core areas of legal empowerment. This article frames the collection. It provides a brief introduction to legal empowerment and advances two broad arguments. First, an ethnic group-focused approach is a useful starting point in considering the impact of legal empowerment and other development interventions. Second, the state via the law contributes to ethnic inequalities in four broad ways &#x2013; via its written laws, their implementation and actual practice, historical legacies of law and practice, and ethnic hegemony embedded in&#xA0;the system. Thinking about legal empowerment initiatives within this framework provides understanding both of their potential and their limitations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 333-347
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451636
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451636
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:3:p:333-347




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel M. Brinks
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brinks
Title: Access to What? Legal Agency and Access to Justice for Indigenous Peoples in Latin America
Abstract: 
 In this paper I issue a call for a primary focus on expanding and strengthening alternative, community-based justice systems, as a strategy for securing the full benefits of legal agency to indigenous and other culturally distinct groups. I do so because what lies within the formal justice system &#x2013; the very system to which so many well-meaning programmes promise access &#x2013; is, for these groups and their members, often partial justice at best. Efforts to increase the space governed by autochthonous justice are more likely to produce true legal agency for both the communities and their members, although they raise important issues for included subgroups, such as women or culturally nonconforming groups. Somewhat paradoxically, indigenous groups&#x2019; engagement with the very apex of formal systems, through constitutional litigation, has been one avenue for increasing that space, thus reflecting the exercise of collective legal agency in the pursuit of collective and individual legal agency.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 348-365
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451632
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wendy Hunter
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter
Title: Identity Documents, Welfare Enhancement, and Group Empowerment in the Global South
Abstract: 
 Having a birth certificate is a stepping stone to acquiring an array of rights and benefits, including other documents necessary to navigate in and outside of one&#x2019;s home country. Despite a birth certificate&#x2019;s importance, many children in the developing world never obtain one. Whether a person does so or not often depends on ethnicity, race, gender, and age. With the rights of individuals as well as groups in mind, this article examines some of the crucial causes and consequences of not acquiring this key document. It concludes that legal empowerment matters. It also underscores what governments can do, if political will exists, to facilitate the process of birth registration and certification among citizens.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 366-383
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451637
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451637
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:3:p:366-383




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Boone
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Boone
Title: Legal Empowerment of the Poor through Property Rights Reform: Tensions and Trade-offs of Land Registration and Titling in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Land registration and titling in Africa is often advocated as a pro-poor legal empowerment strategy. Advocates have put forth different visions of the substantive goals this is to achieve. Some see registration and titling as a way to protect smallholders&#x2019; rights of access to land. Others frame land registration as part of community-protection or ethno-justice agendas. Still others see legal empowerment in the market-enhancing commodification of property rights. This paper contrasts these different visions, showing that each entails tensions and trade-offs. The analysis helps explain why land law reforms aiming at legal empowerment may be controversial or divisive in African countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 384-400
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451633
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:3:p:384-400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rina Agarwala
Author-X-Name-First: Rina
Author-X-Name-Last: Agarwala
Title: Using Legal Empowerment for Labour Rights in India
Abstract: 
 This paper brings labour back into the literature on legal empowerment against poverty. Employing a historical lens, I outline three waves of legal movements. Each wave is distinguished by its timing, the state-level target, and the actors involved. In all three waves, legal empowerment was won, not bestowed. Labour played a significant role, fighting in each subsequent wave for an expanded identity to address exclusions. Drawing from the Indian case, this paper&#x2019;s findings highlight the evolving strategies of legal empowerment movements vis &#xE0; vis uneven welfare states. They underline the significance of symbolic power of legal recognition, even in the absence of perfect implementation. Finally, they highlight contemporary workers as an overlooked, identity-based group that addresses the intersectionalities between class and ascriptive characteristics.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 401-419
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451631
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:3:p:401-419




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Scott D. Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Scott D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Can Business Rights Alleviate Group-Based Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa? Understanding the Limits to Reform
Abstract: 
 Africa&#x2019;s indigenous minorities face unique constraints, particularly in terms of engaging in even the most basic business activities. They typically lack business rights, but, even where such rights have been extended, they have had scant impact on group poverty. This paper argues that the failure of business rights to meaningfully transform the livelihoods of marginalised minority groups stems from elite capture of resources, dependency on external validation, and a contradiction between a collective problem (group poverty) and an individualist solution (business rights). African states could alter conditions through active pursuit of affirmative action policies, but lack socio-economic and political incentives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 420-436
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451634
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Waldorf
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Waldorf
Title: Legal Empowerment and Horizontal Inequalities after Conflict
Abstract: 
 This article explores whether legal empowerment can address horizontal inequalities in post-conflict settings, and, if so, how. It argues that legal empowerment has modest potential to reduce these inequalities. Nevertheless, there are risks that legal empowerment might contribute to a strengthening of group identities, reduction of social cohesion, and, in the worst case, triggering of conflict. It looks at how two legal empowerment programmes in Liberia navigated the tensions between equity and peace.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 437-455
Issue: 3
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1451635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1451635
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pooja Reddy Nakamura
Author-X-Name-First: Pooja Reddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura
Author-Name: Thomas de Hoop
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: de Hoop
Author-Name: Chinmaya Udayakumar Holla
Author-X-Name-First: Chinmaya Udayakumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Holla
Title: Language and the Learning Crisis: Evidence of Transfer Threshold Mechanisms in Multilingual Reading in South India
Abstract: 
 This paper provides evidence for a non-linear relationship between local language and English reading scores in multilingual South India. The mechanism suggests that being taught English prematurely may lead to struggles in English literacy acquisition; whereas being taught English after achieving a threshold reading level in the local language may lead to success in transitioning to English literacy acquisition. We base our findings on non-parametric and parametric regression analysis of data from assessments that were uniquely designed for South and Southeast Asian languages, and for multilingual children. Our findings help explain the global trend of increased school enrolment, with learning achievements lagging.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2287-2305
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1493192
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1493192
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:11:p:2287-2305




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huanxiu Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Huanxiu
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Sébastien Marchand
Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchand
Title: Social Interactions and Spillover Effects in Chinese Family Farming
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to test the effects of social interaction and input spillovers on the agricultural performance of family farms in mixed paddy rice production (organic and conventional farming). Using survey panel data from a Chinese village, we adopt a Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) derived from spatial econometrics to disentangle the social interaction effect from spillover effects and to control for technological heterogeneities. Our analysis reveals a negative social interaction effect indicating that an increase in the yield of neighbouring plots leads to a decrease in the yield of the plot itself. We also find input spillovers. Labour, capital costs, water and organic pesticides have positive spillovers while external nutrients (nitrogen and phosphate) have negative spillover effects. Our study thus calls for a better understanding of social interactions and spillover effects among farmers in the promotion of sustainable family farming.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2306-2328
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1443206
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1443206
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuya KUDO
Author-X-Name-First: Yuya
Author-X-Name-Last: KUDO
Author-Name: Abu S. Shonchoy
Author-X-Name-First: Abu S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shonchoy
Author-Name: Kazushi Takahashi
Author-X-Name-First: Kazushi
Author-X-Name-Last: Takahashi
Title: Short-Term Impacts of Solar Lanterns on Child Health: Experimental Evidence from Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 We implemented a 16-month randomised field experiment in unelectrified areas of Bangladesh to identify health impacts of solar lanterns among school-aged children. Our analysis of various health-related indicators – self-reporting, spirometers, and professional medical checkups – showed modest improvements in eye redness and irritation but no noticeable improvement in respiratory symptoms among treated students. Varying the number of solar products received within treatment households did not alter these results. This limited health benefit was not caused by nonutilisation of the products by treated children, spillover effects from treated to control students, or contamination resulting from unfavourable family cooking environments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2329-2346
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1443207
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1443207
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:11:p:2329-2346




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason E. Murasko
Author-X-Name-First: Jason E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Murasko
Title: Sorting by Height: Education and Economic Outcomes of Women in Less-Developed Countries
Abstract: 
 Taller height is commonly found to correlate with educational and economic outcomes. Most studies focus on a relationship to earnings, and consider samples from individual countries. This paper takes a broader view by evaluating the associations between height, education, and economic outcomes in a pooled sample of women from 63 less-developed countries. Height is shown to have a generalised association to school participation, years of schooling, type of occupation, and relative household wealth. Women in countries with shorter average heights, greater urbanisation, and higher GDP per capita exhibit stronger height associations to education and wealth. These characteristics are generally reflective of Latin American and South/Southeast Asian countries relative to sub-Saharan Africa. The results are discussed in the context of early-childhood circumstances that affect both physical and cognitive development, which have lasting influences on adult outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2347-2364
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1510120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1510120
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Cunningham
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham
Author-Name: Solveig A. Cunningham
Author-X-Name-First: Solveig A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham
Author-Name: Nafisa Halim
Author-X-Name-First: Nafisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Halim
Author-Name: Kathryn M. Yount
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Yount
Title: Public Investments in Education and Children’s Academic Achievements
Abstract: 
 While the benefits of additional schooling in the developing world are widely recognised, the best use of scarce resources to improve academic achievement remains unclear. We compare public investments in school infrastructure, school improvement grants, teacher qualifications, and attendance incentives on independently-gathered measures of academic skills as well as grade progression for 8–11 year olds in India. We match a rich household survey containing a skills-assessment module, the India Human Development Survey (IHDS), with detailed measures of each district’s education resources from the District Information Survey on Education (DISE). We also include border-pair fixed effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity. We find that incentives for children to attend school were associated with arithmetic, reading and writing skills, and grade progression. Investment in teachers were associated with greater probability a child could write and do more advanced math. Small improvement grants to schools were associated with better reading skills and writing ability. Investments in school infrastructure were only associated with improved writing ability.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2365-2381
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1516869
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1516869
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:11:p:2365-2381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Palmer
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer
Author-Name: Jenny Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Jenny
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Author-Name: Barbara McPake
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: McPake
Title: Standard of Living and Disability in Cambodia
Abstract: 
 Little is known about the extra costs faced by households with disabled members in low resource settings and the impact of these costs on living standards. In this paper we estimate the direct cost associated with disability for households in Cambodia. Using the Standard of Living approach, the direct cost associated with having a member with disabilities is estimated to be 19 per cent of monthly household consumption expenditure. Accounting for the direct cost of disability doubles the poverty rate amongst households with disabled members from 18 per cent to 37 per cent, and increases the poverty gap from 3 to 8 per cent. A comparison of the direct cost associated with disability and income support received from government and family sources reveals that only 7 per cent of the costs of disability are met. Our findings suggest that, in the absence of increased coverage of public income support, households with disabled members will continue to experience a lower standard of living compared to households without disability in Cambodia.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2382-2402
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1528349
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1528349
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:11:p:2382-2402




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Najeeb Shafiq
Author-X-Name-First: M. Najeeb
Author-X-Name-Last: Shafiq
Author-Name: Robert K. Toutkoushian
Author-X-Name-First: Robert K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Toutkoushian
Author-Name: Alexandria Valerio
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandria
Author-X-Name-Last: Valerio
Title: Who Benefits from Higher Education in Low- and Middle-Income Countries?
Abstract: 
 In this article, we investigate how higher education contributes to the employment and earnings of individuals in labour markets, and whether social origins play a role in the financial benefits from higher education. We focus on these questions in nine low- and middle-income countries: Armenia, Bolivia, Colombia, Georgia, Ghana, Kenya, Laos, Macedonia, and Vietnam. We use the recent Skills Towards Employability and Productivity (STEP) surveys of urban labour force participants to examine individuals’ educational attainment, labour market participation, and earnings. Using logistic regressions, we find that individuals from disadvantaged origins are less likely to obtain a higher education degree. We find that in most of these countries, individuals who have earned a higher education degree are significantly more likely to be in the labour force and find employment, and enjoy sizable earnings premia. The findings are fairly robust with regard to the samples of individuals examined, and the methods used to measure earnings premia. Finally, we find little evidence that the earnings premia from higher education vary by social origins or the likelihood of an individual completing a degree. These results suggest that the benefits from higher education are comparable for individuals from disadvantaged and advantaged social origins.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2403-2423
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1528351
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1528351
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nitya Mittal
Author-X-Name-First: Nitya
Author-X-Name-Last: Mittal
Author-Name: J. V. Meenakshi
Author-X-Name-First: J. V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meenakshi
Title: Does the ICDS Improve Children’s Diets? Some Evidence from Rural Bihar
Abstract: 
 Although there are several studies documenting the impact of the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) – the largest preschool intervention – in India, few have documented to what extent it improves the quantity and quality of food consumed by young children. This paper attempts to provide causal estimates of the impact of the ICDS on calories, protein, iron, and Vitamin A intakes of children. Using matching techniques to define an appropriate counterfactual, and a primary survey in four villages in rural Bihar, our results suggest that: (a) for older children three to six years who benefit from cooked meals, the ICDS did result in higher intakes of calories, protein, and iron, and no substantive evidence that as a consequence there was substitution away from food at home. However, there was no impact on vitamin A intake; (b) for younger children whose mothers are given take-home rations, there is no evidence the ICDS improved intakes of calories or any other nutrients. Thus, even though the monetary value of the transfer was the same across both age groups, there is evidence to suggest the mode of transfer does seem to matter to ICDS effectiveness, consistent with other literature.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2424-2439
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1487054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1487054
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Md Zakaria Siddiqui
Author-X-Name-First: Md Zakaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Siddiqui
Author-Name: Ronald Donato
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald
Author-X-Name-Last: Donato
Author-Name: Jaya Jumrani
Author-X-Name-First: Jaya
Author-X-Name-Last: Jumrani
Title: Looking Past the Indian Calorie Debate: What is Happening to Nutrition Transition in India
Abstract: 
 We utilise large national household datasets for 1993–1994, 2004–2005 and 2011–2012 to analyse factors influencing changing patterns in per capita calorie consumption in India. Our study findings demonstrate the significance of the disease environment in which people live, with those living in healthy areas having lower calorie consumption than those living in less healthy ones. Calorie intake has been falling in India, but the study findings reveal that fat calorie intake has been rising successively over time among the rural and poorer urban sub-populations raising concerns for policy-makers that non-communicable diseases are expected to rise for these vulnerable population groups.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2440-2459
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1408798
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408798
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wouter Bam
Author-X-Name-First: Wouter
Author-X-Name-Last: Bam
Author-Name: Karolien De Bruyne
Author-X-Name-First: Karolien
Author-X-Name-Last: De Bruyne
Title: Improving Industrial Policy Intervention: The Case of Steel in South Africa
Abstract: 
 We contribute to the lack of tools to support efficient industrial policy-making, especially in the mineral beneficiation policy literature. To address this vacuum, we adapt the product space analysis approach to incorporate an input-output value chain lens. This framework is applied to the case of steel in South Africa to derive novel insights regarding the (in)efficiency of implementing a downstream linkage-based beneficiation policy. Our dynamic analysis approach allows for interactions with the rest of the product space. We find that a ‘leap-frogging’ approach to development within the value chain may be more optimal than a strict beneficiation based industrial policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2460-2475
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1528354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1528354
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Ehebrecht
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehebrecht
Author-Name: Alina Oswald
Author-X-Name-First: Alina
Author-X-Name-Last: Oswald
Title: Taken for a Ride: Grounding Neoliberalism, Precarious Labour, and Public Transport in an African Metropolis
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2476-2477
Issue: 11
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1641278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1641278
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial board
Journal: 
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422433
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422433
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:ebi-ebi




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oskar Kurer
Author-X-Name-First: Oskar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurer
Title: The Political foundations of economic development policies
Abstract: 
 The article argues that the adoption and persistence of many failed inward‐looking development strategies can be attributed to political clientelism. A political system consisting of aggregations of patron‐client networks bound together by the exchange of material benefits for political support is liable to be dominated by factionalism, politicisation, a high level of administrative corruption and a low degree of legitimacy and autonomy. In such an environment, welfare‐reducing inward‐looking development strategies result from the attempt to satisfy the demands of political supporters. The analysis suggests that political changes can be a prerequisite to a permanent transition to superior development strategies, and thus to the success of structural reform programmes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 645-668
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422434
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:645-668




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raghav Gaiha
Author-X-Name-First: Raghav
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaiha
Title: How dependent are the rural poor on the employment guarantee scheme in India?
Abstract: 
 An analysis of the ICRISAT data for two villages in the Indian state of Maharashtra points to mistargeting of the Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS). There was a marked deterioration in it over the period 1979–89, reflected in not just a larger concentration of the more affluent among the EGS participants but also their much larger gains from participating in this scheme. Nevertheless, a large subset of the chronically poor depended heavily on EGS as an additional source of income, with significant welfare gains, during 1979–84. But a large subset — especially of relatively low income participants ‐ also withdrew from EGS when overall economic conditions improved. Besides, EGS earnings varied consistently with economic conditions. Although the present analysis raises some concerns about the mistargeting of EGS and, in this context, about the design and implementation of this scheme, the presumption that such public support makes the poor perpetually dependent on it seems somewhat exaggerated, if not mistaken.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 669-694
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422435
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:669-694




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kwabena Gyimah‐Brempong
Author-X-Name-First: Kwabena
Author-X-Name-Last: Gyimah‐Brempong
Author-Name: Thomas Traynor
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Traynor
Title: Political instability and savings in less developed countries: Evidence from Sub‐Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 A four‐equation model is used to investigate the effects of political instability (PI) on the savings rate in Sub‐Saharan Africa. Utilising a comprehensive measure of PI, we find that political instability has a deleterious effect on the savings rate both directly and indirectly through a reduction in investment and economic growth. The negative effects of PI on savings rate occurs contemporaneously as well as with a lag. We also find that economic growth has a stabilising effect on the political system and that not accounting for these effects through a simultaneous equations model results in biased coefficient estimates. These relationships are robust with respect to model specification. The implication of our results is that ‘economic factors’ alone cannot explain the development process in Less Developed Countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 695-714
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422436
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:695-714




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hildegunn Nordås
Author-X-Name-First: Hildegunn
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordås
Title: South African manufacturing industries catching up or falling behind?
Abstract: 
 This article argues that intra‐industry trade with developed countries is an important source of technology transfer. South Africa has an industrial structure that is suited to such trade, but high costs and weak social capacity to assimilate new technology. Therefore, reintegration into the world economy is likely to reinforce dependence on resource‐intensive industries. In the short run this need not adversely affect economic growth, but unless the quality and quantity of education and training are improved, the prospects for rebuilding the technological capacity and catch up with OECD countries are bleak.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 715-733
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422437
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422437
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:715-733




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Islam
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: M.A. Taslim
Author-X-Name-First: M.A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Taslim
Title: Demographic pressure, technological innovation and welfare: The case of the agriculture of Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 In the early years of its introduction, the HYV technology was widely regarded as a technical breakthrough that would bring about rapid agrarian progress and a revolutionary improvement in the standard of living of the farm population. Three decades later the promise of the new technology remains unfulfilled. This article argues that the adoption of the HYV technology in the agriculture of Bangladesh was determined mainly by an acute demographic pressure. Since the non‐agricultural sectors did not expand sufficiently rapidly, there was a tremendous pressure on agriculture to accommodate the additional workforce. The imperative to employ a larger workforce and feed a rising population forced the farmers to adopt the labour‐intensive, land‐augmenting HYV technology. The welfare of the farmers did not show any secular increase with the switch to the new technology.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 734-770
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422438
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422438
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:734-770




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maqbool Sial
Author-X-Name-First: Maqbool
Author-X-Name-Last: Sial
Author-Name: Michael Carter
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter
Title: Financial market efficiency in an Agrarian economy: Microeconometric analysis of the Pakistani Punjab
Abstract: 
 The shadow price of capital in production is a useful indicator of the efficacy of the rural financial system. Using data on participants and non‐participants in a small farm credit programme from the Pakistani Punjab, this article estimates the shadow price of capital. Endogenous switching regressions techniques are employed to control for the likely heterogeneity of borrowers versus non‐borrowers. Results indicate that an individual selected at random from the population of small farmers would experience a 200 per cent rate of return on the first rupee borrowed from the small farm credit programme, indicating a high shadow price of capital and a prima facie case for small farm credit programmes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 771-798
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422439
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422439
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:5:p:771-798




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Chiputwa
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiputwa
Author-Name: Matin Qaim
Author-X-Name-First: Matin
Author-X-Name-Last: Qaim
Title: Sustainability Standards, Gender, and Nutrition among Smallholder Farmers in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Sustainability standards are gaining in importance in global markets for high-value foods. While previous research has shown that participating farmers in developing countries may benefit through income gains, nutrition impacts have hardly been analysed. We use survey data from smallholder coffee farmers in Uganda – certified under Fairtrade, Organic, and UTZ – to analyse impacts on food security and dietary quality. Estimates of instrumental variable models and simultaneous equation systems show that certification increases calorie and micronutrient consumption, mainly through higher incomes and improved gender equity. In certified households, women have greater control of coffee production and monetary revenues from sales.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1241-1257
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1156090
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1156090
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Montaud
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Montaud
Author-Name: Mahamadou Tankari
Author-X-Name-First: Mahamadou
Author-X-Name-Last: Tankari
Title: When Social and Economic Goals Meet: The Double Dividend of Improving Farmers’ Health Capital in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Focusing on the relationship between farmers’ health and agricultural productivity, we explore the potential effects of improving the current health care fee policy in Uganda. Using a microsimulated general equilibrium model, we show that alternative health fee reduction strategies might increase the chances of achieving simultaneous growth, poverty reduction and improved access to health for households while maximising the public spending effectiveness. However, these results seem very sensitive to the potential disruptive effects on public facilities that such a policy might generate so they must be contextualised within a broader perspective on the health system’s efficiency.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1258-1272
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139694
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anni Heikkilä
Author-X-Name-First: Anni
Author-X-Name-Last: Heikkilä
Author-Name: Panu Kalmi
Author-X-Name-First: Panu
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalmi
Author-Name: Olli-Pekka Ruuskanen
Author-X-Name-First: Olli-Pekka
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruuskanen
Title: Social Capital and Access to Credit: Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 We use a nationally representative survey in Uganda to study the links between social capital and financial access. Our results indicate a positive association between individual social capital and access to institutional credit, but no significant relationship between generalised trust and credit access. The effect of individual social capital is more pronounced for poorer people, in rural areas, and in areas where generalised trust is low. Individual social capital seems to promote access especially to semiformal and informal financial institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1273-1288
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139695
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juliana Siwale
Author-X-Name-First: Juliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Siwale
Title: Microfinance and Loan Officers’ Work Experiences: Perspectives from Zambia
Abstract: 
 This article studies the challenges faced by microfinance institutions in Zambia, whose remit it is to provide financial services to the poor. It focuses on loan officers – the agents of delivery on the ground. With reference to loan officers’ experiences and words, the paper examines how gender and education shape and structure their day-to-day encounters. The study finds that different social spaces – ’the office’ and ‘the field’ – and wider context explains the gendered, culturally complex and multidimensional nature of developmental work at grassroots level. Social expectations emerge as major pressure points more for female loan officers than their male counterparts, making them less suitable for microfinance work, which has traditionally targeted poor women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1289-1305
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139692
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139692
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:9:p:1289-1305




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Stein
Author-X-Name-First: Howard
Author-X-Name-Last: Stein
Author-Name: Faustin P. Maganga
Author-X-Name-First: Faustin P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Maganga
Author-Name: Rie Odgaard
Author-X-Name-First: Rie
Author-X-Name-Last: Odgaard
Author-Name: Kelly Askew
Author-X-Name-First: Kelly
Author-X-Name-Last: Askew
Author-Name: Sam Cunningham
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham
Title: The Formal Divide: Customary Rights and the Allocation of Credit to Agriculture in Tanzania
Abstract: 
 It is generally held that one mechanism to enable inclusive growth in Tanzania is enabling farmers to access credit to raise productivity and incomes. The formalisation of property rights in Tanzania is being undertaken by a multiplicity of actors at great expense to donors, individuals and the government. While there have been a variety of different justifications for allocating Certificates of Customary Rights of Occupancy (CCROs) to farmers in Tanzania, perhaps the most prominent argument is that it will enable farmers to finally overcome the divide between ‘informal’ customary rights and the formal banking sector. CCROs would provide the collateral that would induce banks to lend money to small-scale farmers. As part of a six-year investigation in Manyara, Mbeya and Dodoma regions, our research team evaluated the impact of formalisation on farmers’ access to credit. The paper will present the results while pointing to the continuing institutional and market imperfections that perpetuate the formal divide.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1306-1319
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1146701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1146701
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah L. Smiley
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Smiley
Title: Water Availability and Reliability in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania’s water landscape is unjust, inequitable, and uneven. Water rationing and electricity outages affect water availability alongside an overall shortfall in water supply. Using household surveys and interviews, this paper shows that a majority of respondents lack a consistently reliable source of water. To cope with poor access, households alter their daily routines, consume less water, and identify and use back-up sources of water. It is crucial to understand the problems of water availability in the city in order to make more informed policy decisions and more justly provide water access.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1320-1334
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1146699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1146699
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Stifel
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Stifel
Author-Name: Bart Minten
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten
Author-Name: Bethlehem Koru
Author-X-Name-First: Bethlehem
Author-X-Name-Last: Koru
Title: Economic Benefits of Rural Feeder Roads: Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We estimate households’ willingness-to-pay for rural feeder roads in Ethiopia. Using purposefully collected data, we compare the economic behaviour of households by remoteness to estimate the benefits of access to feeder roads. Although we cannot definitively assert a causal relationship, we cautiously estimate that gravel roads have internal rates of return of 12–35 per cent. These results suggest that rural feeder roads may have relatively high rates of return even in unfavourable settings where (a) small-scale farmers have low levels of marketed agricultural surplus, (b) non-farm earning opportunities are negligible, and (c) motorised transport services are not guaranteed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1335-1356
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1175555
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1175555
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:9:p:1335-1356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kirsten Mulcahy
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulcahy
Author-Name: Umakrishnan Kollamparambil
Author-X-Name-First: Umakrishnan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kollamparambil
Title: The Impact of Rural-Urban Migration on Subjective Well-Being in South Africa
Abstract: 
 This paper quantifies the short to medium term impact of rural-urban migration on an individual’s subjective well-being in South Africa between 2008 and 2012. We work through different econometric specifications; using instrumental variables to control for endogeneity caused by shock-induced self-selection, and Propensity Score Matching to control for migration self-selection bias. We find that rural-urban migration leads to a decrease in subjective well-being by 8.3 per cent. We suspect that the decreased well-being is a result of false expectations and changing relative groups used to peg aspirations, as well as the emotional cost of being away from family and a home environment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1357-1371
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171844
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171844
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:9:p:1357-1371




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Desiere
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Desiere
Author-Name: Lotte Staelens
Author-X-Name-First: Lotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Staelens
Author-Name: Marijke D’Haese
Author-X-Name-First: Marijke
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Haese
Title: When the Data Source Writes the Conclusion: Evaluating Agricultural Policies
Abstract: 
 Statistics describe realities, but they also shape them, since they are used to design or support policies. As such accurate statistics are important. Using the agricultural sector in Rwanda as a case study, we demonstrate that dubious statistics can spread quickly. According to data from the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), yields have increased by 60 per cent since the implementation of large scale agricultural reforms, while other datasets point towards more modest gains. Yet, estimates in line with those of the FAO dominate the official discourse. We suggest that the discrepancies between datasets may be explained by the difficulties of collecting accurate agricultural statistics combined with an incentive to overestimate yields to show that the reforms have worked.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1372-1387
Issue: 9
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1146703
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1146703
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:9:p:1372-1387




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janneke Pieters
Author-X-Name-First: Janneke
Author-X-Name-Last: Pieters
Title: Education and Household Inequality Change: A Decomposition Analysis for India
Abstract: Rising returns to education have increased wage inequality in many developing countries, but their impact on inequality between households is less clear. This study asks how education contributed to household inequality in India during the period 1993–2004, using a regression based decomposition method. We find that rising returns to education of employees did not increase household inequality, because many household heads are self-employed. Instead, rising inequality in education contributed to higher inequality, partly because fertility declined more slowly among illiterates. These new insights into the education-inequality relationship in India underline the importance of household-level analysis to complement earnings inequality research.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1909-1924
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561323
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:12:p:1909-1924




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krisztina Kis-Katos
Author-X-Name-First: Krisztina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kis-Katos
Author-Name: Günther Schulze
Author-X-Name-First: Günther
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulze
Title: Child Labour in Indonesian Small Industries
Abstract: We analyse the geographic incidence of child labour in small manufacturing firms in Indonesia at the village level. Our unique data set covers virtually all Indonesian villages and urban neighbourhoods; it allows us to distinguish between demand and supply side determinants of child labour. We show by correcting for sample selection that a number of counterintuitive results – child labour being unaffected by credit access and school proximity – are the result of an interplay between supply and demand side determinants. Credit access and school proximity reduce child labour supply, but simultaneously constitute positive location factors for firms thereby increasing the demand for child labourers. To effectively reduce child labour, growth oriented policies, such as enhancing school and credit facilities, should be complemented by policies specifically geared towards increasing school attendance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1887-1908
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.561327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.561327
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:12:p:1887-1908




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Constantine Boussalis
Author-X-Name-First: Constantine
Author-X-Name-Last: Boussalis
Author-Name: Caryn Peiffer
Author-X-Name-First: Caryn
Author-X-Name-Last: Peiffer
Title: Health, Need and Politics: The Determinants of Bilateral HIV/AIDS Assistance
Abstract: Over the last 10 years foreign aid for HIV/AIDS control has grown from ‘millions to billions’. This study investigates donor motivations in the targeting of bilateral HIV/AIDS assistance. Are donors selecting recipients primarily based on level of need or are political and merit-based considerations at play as well? The results of our two-stage statistical analysis of bilateral HIV/AIDS assistance flows over the period 2002–2007 suggests that recipient need is an important determinant of aid flows. We also find limited evidence of dyadic political relationships having an effect on assistance targeting, while the quality of recipient policy environments seems to have a minimal impact on donor allocation decisions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1798-1825
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579109
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579109
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:12:p:1798-1825




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alvaro Reyes
Author-X-Name-First: Alvaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Reyes
Author-Name: Robert Lensink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink
Title: The Credit Constraints of Market-Oriented Farmers in Chile
Abstract: Using data from two surveys conducted in 2006 and 2008 with 177 farmers, this article determines whether market-oriented farmers in central Chile are credit constrained, and it identifies the main factors that influence formal credit provision. In so doing, this study explicitly tests whether social capital variables play a role in determining credit constraints. That is, the authors explore the determinants of classifications into four categories of credit provision and rationing, using a panel multinomial logit model. The results suggest that most market-oriented farmers are unconstrained. Empirical evidence supports the importance of relationship variables for improving access to financial capital.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1851-1868
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579111
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:12:p:1851-1868




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaobo Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Lisa Moorman
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Moorman
Author-Name: Gezahegn Ayele
Author-X-Name-First: Gezahegn
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayele
Title: Infrastructure and Cluster Development: A Case Study of Handloom Weavers in Rural Ethiopia
Abstract: Clustering is an important structure of production in the rural nonfarm sector. Based on a primary survey of rural handloom clusters in Ethiopia, this article examines the mechanism and performance of clustering. Given weak financial institutions, clustered producers and traders use trade credits to ease working capital constraints. Moreover, geographical clustering enables entrepreneurs with limited capital to enter the business through shared workspaces and fine division of labour. An improvement in infrastructure can further enhance firm performance in a cluster. In towns with electricity access, producers work longer hours by sharing lit workspaces at lower rental cost.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1869-1886
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579112
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerie Mueller
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing
Title: How Resilient are Labour Markets to Natural Disasters? The Case of the 1998 Bangladesh Flood
Abstract: Natural disasters devastate economies as they impede capital accumulation. The resilience of labour markets is crucial for the poor who rely on labour to reduce risk. We evaluate how the 1998 ‘flood of the century’ affected wages in Bangladesh. We find short-term declines in agricultural and non-agricultural wages. Agricultural workers who moved towards non-agricultural employment to cope benefitted through a lower percentage reduction in short-term wages. Endowed with human capital, salaried workers were unable to mitigate income risk. Extending the eligibility of credit access or relief programmes may preserve local businesses and their employees in the years following a flood.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1954-1971
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579113
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579113
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:12:p:1954-1971




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Title: Aid Absorption and Spending in Africa: A Panel Cointegration Approach
Abstract: This article focuses on the macroeconomic management of large inflows of foreign aid. It investigates the extent to which African countries have coordinated fiscal and macroeconomic responses to aid surges. In practice, we construct a panel dataset to assess the level of aid ‘absorption’ and ‘spending’. This article departs from the recent empirical literature by utilising better measures for aid inflows and by employing cointegration analysis. The empirical short-run results indicate that, on average, Africa's low-income countries have absorbed two-thirds of (grant) aid receipts. This suggests that most of the foreign exchange provided by the aid inflows has been used to finance imports. The other third has been used to build up international reserves, perhaps to protect economies from future external shocks. In the long run, absorption increases but remains below its maximum. Moreover, we also show that aid resources have been fully spent, especially in support of public investment. There is only weak evidence that a share of aid flows have been ‘saved’. Overall, these findings suggest that the macroeconomic management of aid inflows in Africa has been significantly better than often portrayed in comparable exercises. The implication is that African countries will be able to efficiently manage a gradual scaling up in aid resources.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1925-1953
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579115
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:47:y:2011:i:12:p:1925-1953




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Boone
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Boone
Author-Name: Peter Glick
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Glick
Author-Name: David Sahn
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Sahn
Title: Household Water Supply Choice and Time Allocated to Water Collection: Evidence from Madagascar
Abstract: This article uses household survey data from Madagascar to examine water supply choice and time spent in water collection. We find that the choice of water source is strongly influenced by a number of household characteristics, as well as distance to sources. There are also strong substitution effects across sources. For example, increasing the distance to a public tap by 1 km increases the probability of using a well by 43 per cent in urban areas. With regards to time spent gathering water, we focus on the effects of gender, age, and distance to water. Women and girls spend the most time gathering water. The response to reducing distance to water sources differs in rural and urban areas, as well as by gender and age of household members. Investments to reduce to the distance to water sources will have larger impacts on adults than children, and on men than women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1826-1850
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.579394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.579394
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maarten Allers
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: Allers
Author-Name: Lewis Ishemoi
Author-X-Name-First: Lewis
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishemoi
Title: Do Formulas Reduce Political Influence on Intergovernmental Grants? Evidence from Tanzania
Abstract: Sub-national governments usually depend on the central government for a large share of their revenues. Therefore, a fair allocation of intergovernmental grants is essential for financing vital local services like education and healthcare. In Tanzania, and many other countries, regions that are better represented in the national parliament receive significantly more funds than others. Recently, Tanzania replaced the previously existing discretionary method of grant allocation by allocation formulas. We study whether this has reduced the effect of malapportionment on grant allocation. Surprisingly, we find that formula allocation does not significantly change this effect. This has important policy implications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1781-1797
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.598512
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.598512
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 12
Volume: 47
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2011.640047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2011.640047
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wendy Hunter
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter
Author-Name: Natasha Borges Sugiyama
Author-X-Name-First: Natasha Borges
Author-X-Name-Last: Sugiyama
Title: Making the Newest Citizens: Achieving Universal Birth Registration in Contemporary Brazil
Abstract: 
 Identity documentation is essential to secure the rights, benefits, and services that modern states provide. Historically, significant numbers of poor Brazilians lacked core documents, beginning with a birth certificate. In recent years the government has conducted a campaign to rectify this situation. We explore why the state left so many Brazilians without a birth certificate previously and why it became intent on registering all births, as reflected in recent efforts to facilitate the process. Key in this regard is the movement from a social policy orientation that excluded poor Brazilians in the informal sector to one aimed at including them.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 397-412
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1316378
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1316378
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Suhardiman
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Suhardiman
Title: Linking Irrigation Development with the Wider Agrarian Context: Everyday Class Politics in Water Distribution Practices in Rural Java
Abstract: 
 Poor performance of government managed irrigation systems persists globally despite numerous policies over the last four decades to address the problem. I argue that policy efforts to improve irrigation performance in developing countries fail in part because they are often formulated in isolation from the existing agrarian reality. This article uses the example of Indonesia to show the link between irrigation outcomes and the wider agrarian context and highlights how the interface between farmers and irrigation bureaucracies is shaped by the existing agrarian structure.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 413-425
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1228878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1228878
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:3:p:413-425




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tekalign Gutu Sakketa
Author-X-Name-First: Tekalign Gutu
Author-X-Name-Last: Sakketa
Author-Name: Martin Prowse
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Prowse
Title: Women, Wealth and Waterborne Disease: Smallholders&#x2019; Willingness to Pay for a Multiple-Use Water Scheme in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This article identifies factors which contribute to households&#x2019; willingness to pay for improving and protecting a multiple-use water scheme in Ethiopia. It does so through descriptive statistics, a probit model and contingent valuation methods complemented with qualitative data. Estimates suggest farmers&#x2019; willingness to pay is based on gender, the prevalence of waterborne disease, the time to collect water, contact with extension services, access to credit, level of income and location. Respondents would pay 3.43 per cent of average income to participate. Consideration of how gendered norms influence women&#x2019;s access to extension, credit and local markets could extend the benefits of such schemes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 426-440
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1265945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1265945
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:3:p:426-440




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Partha Gangopadhyay
Author-X-Name-First: Partha
Author-X-Name-Last: Gangopadhyay
Author-Name: Rahul Nilakantan
Author-X-Name-First: Rahul
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilakantan
Title: Estimating the Effects of Climate Shocks on Collective Violence: ARDL Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the causal relationship between climate shocks and collective violence in India using annual data over the period 1954&#x2013;2006. We use the ARDL bounds testing approach to deal with problems of autocorrelation and non-stationarity of key variables. Rather than rainfall, we find that it is maximum temperature that has long and short run effects on collective violence, with unidirectional causality from temperature shocks to riots. A one standard deviation increase in maximum temperature over the long run average increases the number of riots by 55 per cent. Return to long run equilibrium after a temperature shock takes approximately 15&#xA0;years. The insignificance of rainfall holds whether we consider rainfall levels or rainfall growth. Given the absence of long run relationships between income levels /growth and riots, it is unlikely that the income channel is the one through which climate affects riots in India. Instead, the evidence suggests a psychological channel through which temperature affects riots in India, with hotter temperatures being associated with increased levels of aggression.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 441-456
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1269890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1269890
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aslihan Arslan
Author-X-Name-First: Aslihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslan
Author-Name: Romina Cavatassi
Author-X-Name-First: Romina
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavatassi
Author-Name: Federica Alfani
Author-X-Name-First: Federica
Author-X-Name-Last: Alfani
Author-Name: Nancy Mccarthy
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: Mccarthy
Author-Name: Leslie Lipper
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipper
Author-Name: Misael Kokwe
Author-X-Name-First: Misael
Author-X-Name-Last: Kokwe
Title: Diversification Under Climate Variability as Part of a CSA Strategy in Rural Zambia
Abstract: 
 Climate change is posing an increasingly severe challenge to agricultural livelihoods due to increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Livelihood diversification can play an important role in decreasing food insecurity and vulnerability under these challenges. This paper contributes to the literature on livelihood diversification and vulnerability under climate change to assess the role of diversification as part of a Climate-Smart Agriculture strategy by analysing the determinants of diversification, income and poverty in Zambia using panel data. We specifically focus on the roles of climate shocks and institutions in shaping these linkages to highlight policy insights to improve resilience.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 457-480
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1293813
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1293813
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giulia Bettin
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Bettin
Author-Name: Alberto Zazzaro
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Zazzaro
Title: The Impact of Natural Disasters on Remittances to Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we offer novel empirical evidence on the impact of natural disasters on remittance flows towards low- and middle-income countries. We consider a panel of 98 countries over the period 1990&#x2013;2010. Our findings show that remittances increase after a disaster, thus contributing ex post to the reconstruction process. At the same time, we find that remittances play a key role in terms of ex ante risk preparedness for those countries that experienced more disruptive events in the past. Finally, when taking into account the interaction with the level of development of the local financial sector, remittances seem to substitute for less efficient financial systems both in terms of ex post response to disasters and in terms of ex ante risk management strategy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 481-500
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303672
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303672
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yoshito Takasaki
Author-X-Name-First: Yoshito
Author-X-Name-Last: Takasaki
Title: Risky Coping
Abstract: 
 This paper examines whether, in an effort to cope with adverse shocks, poor people with limited coping capacity take large risks (risky coping). About two years after a tropical cyclone in Fiji, many people decided to apply for dangerous international jobs involving casualty risk through a recruitment agency that later turned out to be a fraudster. The analysis reveals that victims with damaged housing are more likely to undertake this risky investment strategy than non-victims. I show evidence that disaster victims use this strategy for risk coping, but not because they have become less risk averse.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 501-522
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1293814
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1293814
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dean Jolliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Dean
Author-X-Name-Last: Jolliffe
Author-Name: Umar Serajuddin
Author-X-Name-First: Umar
Author-X-Name-Last: Serajuddin
Title: Noncomparable Poverty Comparisons
Abstract: 
 Poverty estimates based on enumeration from a single point in time form the basis for most country-level analysis of poverty. Cross-country comparisons of poverty, and global counts of the poor, implicitly assume that country-level poverty headcounts are comparable. This paper illustrates that the assumption of comparability is potentially invalid when households are interviewed multiple times throughout the year, as opposed to a single-visit interview. An example from Jordan illustrates how the internationally comparable approach of handling data from repeat visits yields a poverty rate that is 26 per cent greater than the rate that is currently reported as the official estimate.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 523-536
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1274394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1274394
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Agyire-Tettey
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Agyire-Tettey
Author-Name: Charles Godfred Ackah
Author-X-Name-First: Charles Godfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Ackah
Author-Name: Derek Asuman
Author-X-Name-First: Derek
Author-X-Name-Last: Asuman
Title: An Unconditional Quantile Regression Based Decomposition of Spatial Welfare Inequalities in Ghana
Abstract: 
 Ghana has witnessed tremendous economic growth since the 1990s and attained the Millennium Development Goals target of halving poverty. This notwithstanding, inequality in Ghana increased over the same period, suggesting growth benefits were not equitably distributed. This study provides evidence on the determinants of household consumption expenditure and factors that explain rural-urban welfare gaps between 1998 and 2013. The study employs an unconditional quantile regression and recently proposed decomposition technique based on re-centred influence functions. We find significant spatial differences in consumption expenditure across selected quantiles, with rural-urban inequalities driven largely by differences in returns to households&#x2019; endowments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 537-556
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1296571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1296571
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niels-Hugo Blunch
Author-X-Name-First: Niels-Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Blunch
Title: A Teenager in Love: Multidimensional Human Capital and Teenage Pregnancy in Ghana
Abstract: 
 I examine teenage pregnancy in Ghana, focusing on the role and interplay of Ghanaian and English reading skills, formal educational attainment, and adult literacy programme participation. Pursuing several alternative identification strategies three main results are established. First, I confirm the finding from previous studies that educational attainment is negatively related to teenage pregnancy. Second, however, once Ghanaian and English reading skills are introduced, the association between educational attainment and teenage pregnancy decreases or disappears altogether. Third, for the girls who have not completed primary school, adult literacy programme participation is associated with a much lower probability of experiencing a teenage pregnancy.A bright future is the best contraceptive.&#x2013;Marian Wright Edelman
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 557-573
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1308486
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1308486
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brendan Halloran
Author-X-Name-First: Brendan
Author-X-Name-Last: Halloran
Title: , edited by S. Hickey, K. Sen and B. Bukenya, , , 2014, 396 pp., &#xA3;60 (hardback), ISBN 9780198722564
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 574-575
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1289936
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1289936
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:3:p:574-575




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: X-X
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2014.992103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2014.992103
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: XI-XI
Issue: 3
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1236873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1236873
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joël Cariolle
Author-X-Name-First: Joël
Author-X-Name-Last: Cariolle
Author-Name: Michaël Goujon
Author-X-Name-First: Michaël
Author-X-Name-Last: Goujon
Author-Name: Patrick Guillaumont
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillaumont
Title: Has Structural Economic Vulnerability Decreased in Least Developed Countries? Lessons Drawn from Retrospective Indices
Abstract: 
 The Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI) is a well-recognised measure of the structural vulnerability of developing countries and is regularly used and published by the United Nations for cross-country comparison purposes, primarily to review the list of Least Developed Countries (LDCs). However, due to the revisions in methodology occurring over time, the official EVI cannot be used to assess the changes in vulnerability. In this paper, we use two retrospective series of the EVI, based on constant definitions. The real change in vulnerability is thus isolated from the impact of revisions in the design of the index, allowing comparison of the evolution of LDCs and non-LDCs. The implications of the revisions in the EVI design are then discussed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 591-606
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1098631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1098631
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis Rubalcaba
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubalcaba
Author-Name: Diego Aboal
Author-X-Name-First: Diego
Author-X-Name-Last: Aboal
Author-Name: Paula Garda
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Garda
Title: Service Innovation in Developing Economies: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean
Abstract: 
 This paper proposes a framework for understanding key aspects of service innovation in developing economies, based on four dimensions: first, the integration of services in national innovation systems; second, competences and preferences; third, networking and cooperation; and, fourth, outcomes in terms of socio-economic impacts. This conceptual framework is matched with new evidence from case studies performed in six different Latin America and the Caribbean countries (Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Uruguay, Costa Rica and Jamaica) and nine sectors (tourism, software-ICT, outsourcing, mining, logistics, retail, creative services, sport services and biotech services). The results reveal the importance of specificities in service innovation and suggest policy and managerial implications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 607-626
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1093118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1093118
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart Minten
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten
Author-Name: Seneshaw Tamru
Author-X-Name-First: Seneshaw
Author-X-Name-Last: Tamru
Author-Name: Ermias Engida
Author-X-Name-First: Ermias
Author-X-Name-Last: Engida
Author-Name: Tadesse Kuma
Author-X-Name-First: Tadesse
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuma
Title: Transforming Staple Food Value Chains in Africa: The Case of Teff in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We study changes in the last decade in the teff value chain, Ethiopia’s most important staple food crop by area and value. Upstream, there is increasing adoption of modern inputs and new varieties – especially by those farmers living close to cities – leading to higher land productivity. Mid- and downstream, we find improved processing costs and increasing willingness-to-pay for convenience and quality, as illustrated by the emergence of one-stop retail shops and the rise of more expensive teff varieties. Because of the large numbers of teff producers and consumers, this transformation has important implications on the country’s food security.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 627-645
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1087509
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1087509
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masao Kikuchi
Author-X-Name-First: Masao
Author-X-Name-Last: Kikuchi
Author-Name: Yusuke Haneishi
Author-X-Name-First: Yusuke
Author-X-Name-Last: Haneishi
Author-Name: Kunihiro Tokida
Author-X-Name-First: Kunihiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Tokida
Author-Name: Atsushi Maruyama
Author-X-Name-First: Atsushi
Author-X-Name-Last: Maruyama
Author-Name: Godfrey Asea
Author-X-Name-First: Godfrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Asea
Author-Name: Tatsushi Tsuboi
Author-X-Name-First: Tatsushi
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsuboi
Title: The Structure of Indigenous Food Crop Markets in sub-Saharan Africa: The Rice Market in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Using data obtained from a series of nation-wide market surveys in Uganda, this article attempts to document and assess the domestic rice market at all stages in the post-harvest marketing chain from the farm gate to metropolitan area retail outlets. The criteria used are quantities marketed, prices, marketing margins, marketing costs and net returns to traders. The results show that the regional rice markets are integrated into the national market and that on average little surplus is left for rice traders at all market stages if marketing costs are accounted for. The spontaneously developed indigenous crop market works reasonably well.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 646-664
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1098629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1098629
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zaneta Kubik
Author-X-Name-First: Zaneta
Author-X-Name-Last: Kubik
Author-Name: Mathilde Maurel
Author-X-Name-First: Mathilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurel
Title: Weather Shocks, Agricultural Production and Migration: Evidence from Tanzania
Abstract: 
 We analyse whether Tanzanian rural households engage in internal migration as a response to weather-related shocks. We hypothesise that, when exposed to such shocks and a consecutive crop yield reduction, rural households use migration as a risk management strategy. Our findings confirm that for an average household, a 1 per cent reduction in agricultural income induced by weather shock increases the probability of migration by 13 percentage points on average within the following year. However, this effect is significant only for households in the middle of wealth distribution, suggesting that the choice of migration as an adaptation strategy depends on initial endowment. What is more, the proposed mechanism applies to households whose income is highly dependent on agriculture, but is not important for diversified livelihoods.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 665-680
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1107049
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1107049
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eko Ruddy Cahyadi
Author-X-Name-First: Eko Ruddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Cahyadi
Author-Name: Hermann Waibel
Author-X-Name-First: Hermann
Author-X-Name-Last: Waibel
Title: Contract Farming and Vulnerability to Poverty among Oil Palm Smallholders in Indonesia
Abstract: 
 This article addresses smallholder oil palm farming in Indonesia and the risk of falling into poverty by comparing contract and non-contract smallholders. We use an asset-based approach to define vulnerability and apply propensity score matching analysis to assess the impact of contract farming. Data were collected from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2010 of 245 oil palm smallholder households, 126 of which were contract smallholders. The study finds that approximately 40 per cent of oil palm smallholders can be classified as stochastic-transient poor. We also show that while contract participation reduces the negative impact of oil palm price shocks, this is not the case for production shocks. The study concludes that despite positive income effects, contract smallholders also remain vulnerable to poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 681-695
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1098627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1098627
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:5:p:681-695




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David J. Spielman
Author-X-Name-First: David J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Spielman
Author-Name: Xingliang Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Xingliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Title: Private Sector Incentives and the Diffusion of Agricultural Technology: Evidence from Developing Countries
Abstract: 
 The role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) has been extensively debated in the literature on technology transfers and agricultural productivity growth in developing countries. However, few studies offer cross-country evidence on how IPRs affect yield growth by incentivising private sector investment in cultivar improvement. We address this knowledge gap by testing technology diffusion patterns for six major crops using a unique dataset for the period 1961–2010 and an Arellano–Bond linear dynamic panel-data estimation approach. Findings indicate that biological and legal forms of IPRs promote yield gap convergence between developed and developing countries, although effects vary by crop.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 696-717
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1081171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1081171
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:5:p:696-717




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaohui Hou
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaohui
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou
Author-Name: Seo Yeon Hong
Author-X-Name-First: Seo Yeon
Author-X-Name-Last: Hong
Author-Name: Kinnon Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Kinnon
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: The Heterogeneous Effects of a Food Price Crisis on Child School Enrolment and Labour: Evidence from Pakistan
Abstract: 
 Using a panel survey, this paper investigates how food price increases in Pakistan in 2008–2010 affect children’s school enrolment and labour. The causal identification relies on the geographical variations in food (wheat) price. The results show that the negative impacts of food price increase on school enrolment differ by gender, economic status and the presence of siblings. The negative effects on school do not directly correspond to the increase in child labour because the transition from being idle to labour activity or from school to being idle is significant, particularly among poor girls. The results also show that children in households with access to agricultural lands are not affected by higher food prices. The analyses reveal a more dynamic picture of the impact of food price increase on child status and contribute to broader policy discussion to mitigate the impact of crises on child education.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 718-734
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1093116
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1093116
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathilde Maurel
Author-X-Name-First: Mathilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurel
Author-Name: Michele Tuccio
Author-X-Name-First: Michele
Author-X-Name-Last: Tuccio
Title: Climate Instability, Urbanisation and International Migration
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on climate-induced migration. We construct a simple theoretical model where, in a first step, climate shocks accelerate the transition from the traditional to the modern sector, leading rural workers to move to urban centres within national borders, while in a second step, downward pressures on wages due to the greater labour supply in cities push people to engage in international migration. To test this hypothesis, we exploit a rich panel dataset, displaying a representative picture of bilateral migration flows and climatic data across 222 countries for the period 1960–2000. Findings suggest that in the next few years the climate-induced growth rate of migrant stocks might be in a range between 8.6 per cent and 12.8 per cent, especially from developing countries, where the level of rural employment is more likely to be affected by climatic shocks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 735-752
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1121240
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1121240
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Róisín Read
Author-X-Name-First: Róisín
Author-X-Name-Last: Read
Title: Aid in Danger: The Perils and Promise of HumanitarianismPeaceland: Conflict Resolution and the Everyday Politics of International Intervention
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 753-755
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1058564
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1058564
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah C. White
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah C.
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: Give a Man a Fish. Reflections on the New Politics of Distribution
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 755-756
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1144331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1144331
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Referees from January to December 2014 (inclusive)
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 757-764
Issue: 5
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1042331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1042331
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solomon Zena Walelign
Author-X-Name-First: Solomon Zena
Author-X-Name-Last: Walelign
Author-Name: Mariève Pouliot
Author-X-Name-First: Mariève
Author-X-Name-Last: Pouliot
Author-Name: Helle Overgaard Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Helle Overgaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Author-Name: Carsten Smith-Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith-Hall
Title: Combining Household Income and Asset Data to Identify Livelihood Strategies and Their Dynamics
Abstract: 
 Current approaches to identifying and describing rural livelihood strategies, and household movements between strategies over time, in developing countries are imprecise. Here we: (i) present a new statistical quantitative approach combining income and asset data to identify household activity choice variables, characterise livelihood strategy clusters, and analyse movements between strategies, and (ii) apply the approach using an environmentally-augmented three-wave household (n = 427) level panel dataset from Nepal. Combining income and asset data provides a better understanding of livelihood strategies and household movements between strategies over time than using only income or asset data. Most households changed livelihood strategy at least once over the two three-year periods. A common pathway out of poverty included an intermediate step during which households accumulate assets through farming, petty trading, and migratory work.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 769-787
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199856
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sung Soo Lim
Author-X-Name-First: Sung Soo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lim
Title: In Times of Sickness: Intra-household Labour Substitution in Rural Indonesian Households
Abstract: 
 In many developing countries, households with ill adults suffer not only from diminished labour supply but also from an inability to borrow against future labour income. Intra-household labour substitution may be an important coping strategy for these households. Using information about individual health status provided by Indonesia Family Life Survey, this study finds some evidence that Indonesian farm households cope with chronic illnesses of male adults through intra-household labour substitution. Yet, the results show that this strategy is not effective in the case of severe health shocks and that these households are unable to keep their family farm profits stable.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 788-804
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199860
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Campaña
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Campaña
Author-Name: J. Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal
Author-X-Name-First: J. Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gimenez-Nadal
Author-Name: Jose Alberto Molina
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina
Title: Increasing the Human Capital of Children in Latin American Countries: The Role of Parents’ Time in Childcare
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we focus on the relationship between parents’ education and activities aimed at increasing the human capital of children (for example, educational childcare). Using time use surveys from Mexico, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia we find that in Mexico, Peru, and Colombia the level of education of both father and mother has a positive association with the time devoted to educational childcare, while in Ecuador only fathers’ level of education has a positive association with father’s time devoted to educational childcare. Furthermore, we find that the time devoted to educational childcare by parents is positively related in all four countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 805-825
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208179
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208179
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Fielding
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding
Author-Name: Aurélia Lepine
Author-X-Name-First: Aurélia
Author-X-Name-Last: Lepine
Title: Women’s Empowerment and Wellbeing: Evidence from Africa
Abstract: 
 We use household survey data from Senegal to model the effects of empowerment within the home on married women’s wellbeing. The estimated effects of empowerment are at least as large as more conventional development indicators, such as household income. The size of the empowerment effect is robust to alternative estimation techniques, including an Instrumental Variables estimator.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 826-840
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1219345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1219345
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Cramer
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Cramer
Author-Name: Deborah Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Author-Name: Bernd Mueller
Author-X-Name-First: Bernd
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller
Author-Name: Carlos Oya
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Oya
Author-Name: John Sender
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Sender
Title: Fairtrade and Labour Markets in Ethiopia and Uganda
Abstract: 
 Drawing on four years of fieldwork in Ethiopia and Uganda, this paper addresses gaps in knowledge about the mechanisms linking agricultural exports with poverty reduction, the functioning of rural labour markets, and the relevance to the lives of the poorest people of Fairtrade. Statistical analysis of survey evidence, complemented by qualitative research, highlights the relatively poor payment and non-pay working conditions of those employed in research sites dominated by Fairtrade producer organisations. We conclude that Fairtrade is not an effective way to improve the welfare of the poorest rural people.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 841-856
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208175
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208175
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:6:p:841-856




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rebecca Neaera Abers
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Neaera
Author-X-Name-Last: Abers
Author-Name: Marília Silva de Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Marília Silva de
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Author-Name: Ana Karine Pereira
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Karine
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira
Title: Inclusive Development and the Asymmetric State: Big Projects and Local Communities in the Brazilian Amazon
Abstract: 
 In 2003, the Workers’ Party took federal office in Brazil on an agenda of social inclusion and popular participation. This paper explores attempts to implement that agenda in big infrastructure projects in the Amazon: the BR-163 road and the Belo Monte dam. We argue that overlapping inequalities (between social groups, within the bureaucracy and between territorial centre and periphery) result in uneven state capacities for implementing projects in the Amazon. This framework helps explain why the government has moved much faster in building infrastructure than in implementing participatory social and environmental programmes that would benefit affected local communities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 857-872
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208177
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:6:p:857-872




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Bargain
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Bargain
Author-Name: Jinan Zeidan
Author-X-Name-First: Jinan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeidan
Title: Stature, Skills and Adult Life Outcomes: Evidence from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 We investigate the effect of height on earnings, occupational choices and a subjective measure of wellbeing among Indonesian men. We explore the extent to which height captures the effects of endowments set before entry in the labour market. Physical and cognitive skills, co-determined with stature early in life, do not explain much of the height earnings premium directly. Yet, human capital more broadly, including cognition, educational attainment and other factors related to childhood conditions, explains around half of the height premium and does so through occupational sorting. Indeed, taller workers tend to have more education, and educated workers tend to work in more lucrative occupations that require brain and social skills, not brawn. The unexplained share of the height earnings premium may reflect a specific role of stature on social interaction, labour market advantages or self-assurance. We also find a height premium in happiness, half of which simply accounts for the educational and earnings advantages of taller workers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 873-890
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208173
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208173
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:6:p:873-890




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linguère Mously Mbaye
Author-X-Name-First: Linguère Mously
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbaye
Author-Name: Natascha Wagner
Author-X-Name-First: Natascha
Author-X-Name-Last: Wagner
Title: Bride Price and Fertility Decisions: Evidence from Rural Senegal
Abstract: 
 This paper provides evidence about the relationship between bride price payments and fertility decisions in Senegal. Higher bride price payments reduce the fertility pressure for women with results being robust to confounding socio-economic and contextual factors. The fertility-reducing impact is greater for women who are economically dependent on their husbands. In polygamous households and for arranged marriages, a lower bride price increases fertility pressure while in monogamous households and for non-arranged marriages, the bride price does not affect fertility. As bride price payments have less power over (economically) independent women, empowerment will give leeway to girls in traditional societies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 891-910
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208178
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:6:p:891-910




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prakarsh Singh
Author-X-Name-First: Prakarsh
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: Learning and Behavioural Spillovers of Nutritional Information
Abstract: 
 This paper provides evidence for informational spillovers within urban slums in Chandigarh, India. I identify three groups, a treatment group, a neighbouring spillover group, and a non-adjacent pure control group. Mothers of children (aged three to six years) enrolled in government day-care centres are given recipe books in the treatment group to reduce malnutrition in their children. Spillovers to neighbouring (untreated) mothers can be through social learning or imitation. Results from a difference-in-differences analysis show that nutritional knowledge measured through a quiz increases among neighbouring untreated mothers relative to a control group. Neighbouring mothers exhibit learning spillovers, changes in dietary behaviour and a reduction in food expenditure regardless of their level of literacy. Spillovers not only raise the cost effectiveness of health information programmes but are important to consider when designing an experiment as causal effects of treatments can be attenuated if the spillover group is used as a control group.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 911-931
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1208176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1208176
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth R. Bageant
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bageant
Author-Name: Christopher B. Barrett
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett
Title: Are There Gender Differences in Demand for Index-Based Livestock Insurance?
Abstract: 
 Risk management plays a role in avoiding and escaping chronic poverty throughout the world, particularly for women, who are disproportionately negatively affected by shocks. Using three years of household survey data, administrative records and qualitative interviews, this paper examines the relationship between gender and demand for index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) among pastoralists in southern Ethiopia. IBLI appears to be equitably accessed by men and women alike and we find limited evidence of gender-differentiated demand for IBLI. We also find only modest differences associated with age and share of income from livestock.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 932-952
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214717
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214717
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:6:p:932-952




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Precious Akampumuza
Author-X-Name-First: Precious
Author-X-Name-Last: Akampumuza
Author-Name: Hirotaka Matsuda
Author-X-Name-First: Hirotaka
Author-X-Name-Last: Matsuda
Title: Weather Shocks and Urban Livelihood Strategies: The Gender Dimension of Household Vulnerability in the Kumi District Of Uganda
Abstract: 
 The Teso sub-region of Uganda suffered numerous weather shocks in the past, with devastating food security consequences. Using household fixed effects and propensity score matching methods, we analyse the impact of exposure to drought, flood and severe incidence of pests and diseases on household consumption expenditure per adult equivalent for a random sample of households from Kumi Town Council. We find that weather shocks reduce consumption by 17 per cent and that the consumption decline is significantly larger among female-headed households. We also find a higher likelihood of non-farm employment, borrowing and receiving remittances in order to cope with the shocks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 953-970
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214723
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214723
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:6:p:953-970




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Mburu
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Mburu
Author-Name: Steffen Otterbach
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen
Author-X-Name-Last: Otterbach
Author-Name: Alfonso Sousa-Poza
Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso
Author-X-Name-Last: Sousa-Poza
Author-Name: Andrew Mude
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Mude
Title: Income and Asset Poverty among Pastoralists in Northern Kenya
Abstract: 
 In this study we use household panel data collected in Marsabit district of Northern Kenya, to analyse the patterns of livelihood sources and poverty among pastoralists in that area. We estimate income poverty using imputed household income relative to the adjusted poverty line and asset poverty using a regression-based asset index and tropical livestock units (TLU) per capita. Our results indicate that keeping livestock is still the pastoralists’ main source of livelihood, although there is a notable trend of increasing livelihood diversification, especially among livestock-poor households. The majority of households (over 70%) are both income and livestock-poor with few having escaped poverty within the five-year study period. Disaggregating income and asset poverty also reveals an increasing trend of both structurally poor and stochastically nonpoor households. The findings show that the TLU-based asset poverty is a more appropriate measure of asset poverty in a pastoral setting.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 971-986
Issue: 6
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1219346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1219346
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Board Editors
Journal: 
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422440
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422440
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:ebi-ebi




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G.J.M. van den Boom
Author-X-Name-First: G.J.M.
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Boom
Author-Name: M. Nubé
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nubé
Author-Name: W.K. Asenso‐Okyere
Author-X-Name-First: W.K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Asenso‐Okyere
Title: Nutrition, labour productivity and labour supply of men and women in Ghana
Abstract: 
 An efficiency‐wage relation and a nutritional status production function are estimated in conjunction with Hausman‐type preferences for food and leisure time. A non‐linear FIML estimator is used to account for simultaneity. The estimates reveal that hourly earnings of men and women in Ghana are similar and respond positively to food consumption and, to a lesser extent, to nutritional status and negatively to additional hours worked. The last effect is strongest for women, who work fewer hours but have higher workloads during hours not allocated to income earning. The effects of nutrition are strongest for men, reflecting a higher workload during working hours. The propensity to reduce workload is high for both, witness backward bending labour supply curves. It is further indicated that women's labour productivity would rise by some 20 per cent, if female family workers moved to market employment; while similar productivity gains may be expected from middle school enrolment. With average increases of 14 per cent from labour market participation and six per cent from middle school enrolment, such gains are much less pronounced for men.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 801-829
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422441
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:801-829




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Barrett
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett
Title: Urban bias in price risk: The geography of food price distributions in low‐income economies
Abstract: 
 The geography of agricultural marketing has important implications for the stochastic distribution of agricultural commodity prices. This article proposes that objective food price risk differs between rural and urban areas of infrastructure‐poor economies characterised by spatially concentrated patterns of foodgrains storage. This difference implies an urban bias having adverse welfare effects for peasants who seasonally switch between net food seller and net food buyer positions. Empirical analysis of rice price data from Madagascar suggests that price variability and skewness indeed differ between rural and urban areas in ways that adversely influence the relative welfare of rural peasants.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 830-849
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422442
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422442
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:830-849




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon
Author-Name: Pramila Krishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Pramila
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan
Title: Income portfolios in rural Ethiopia and Tanzania: Choices and constraints
Abstract: 
 The article analyses the different income portfolios of households using survey data from rural Ethiopia and rural Tanzania. It suggests that the different portfolios held by households cannot be explained by their behaviour towards risk as is usually suggested. It is better explained by differences in ability, location, and in access to credit. A logit analysis of households with different income portfolios, controlling for the effects of location, suggests that entry into high‐return activities is determined by investment in particular skills or by access to capital.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 850-875
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422443
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:850-875




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Author-Name: Luc Vallée
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallée
Title: Labour market segmentation in Cameroonian manufacturing
Abstract: 
 The economic crisis in Cameroon has provided a test for distinct causes of labour market segmentation. Many firms that previously followed rigid legislation have ceased to do so, while a traditional informal sector has continued outside almost all regulation. We categorise workers as informal, formal, or regulated, by firm characteristics, and test for labour market segmentation between these sectors. Direct legislation is the most significant cause of segmentation. We find limited evidence that the costs of becoming formal create rationing in formal‐sector jobs. While addressing both sets of rigidities would have maximum impact on unemployment in Cameroon, reforming direct labour legislation is likely to have the most beneficial short‐term impact.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 876-898
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422444
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:876-898




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Author-Name: T.J. Wyatt
Author-X-Name-First: T.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wyatt
Title: The shadow value of migrant remittances, income and inequality in a household‐farm economy
Abstract: 
 This article offers econometric evidence that income remittances sent home by family migrants stimulate household‐farm incomes indirectly by relieving credit and risk constraints on household‐farm production. A high but unequally distributed shadow value of migrant remittances appears to reinforce an equalising direct effect of remittances on the income distribution across a sample of household‐farms in rural Mexico.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 899-912
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422445
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:899-912




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen
Title: Nutrition, health and mortality in sub‐Saharan Africa: Is there a gender bias?
Abstract: 
 Anthropometric, mortality, and population data presented by Svedberg [1990] in this journal suggested a slight anti‐male bias in undernutrition in sub‐Saharan Africa. This article re‐analyses some of the same anthropometric, mortality, and population data and supplements them with more recent findings. In contrast to Svedberg's results, it finds evidence of a slight and rising anti‐female bias in sub‐Saharan Africa, which is particularly apparent in mortality and population indicators.
Journal: 
Pages: 913-932
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422446
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Svedberg
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Svedberg
Title: Gender biases in sub‐Saharan Africa: Reply and further evidence
Journal: 
Pages: 933-943
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422447
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422447
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:6:p:933-943




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen
Title: Rejoinder
Journal: 
Pages: 944-948
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422448
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422448
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maxwell Fry
Author-X-Name-First: Maxwell
Author-X-Name-Last: Fry
Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart
Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge
Author-Name: Howard White
Author-X-Name-First: Howard
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Author-Name: Donald Richards
Author-X-Name-First: Donald
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards
Author-Name: Montague Lord
Author-X-Name-First: Montague
Author-X-Name-Last: Lord
Author-Name: Ray Kiely
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiely
Author-Name: Rhys Jenkins
Author-X-Name-First: Rhys
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenkins
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: 
 Monetary and Financial Policies in Developing Countries: Growth and Stabilisation. By Akhtar Hossain and Anis Chowdhury. London: Routledge, 1996. Pp.x + 230. £40. ISBN 0 415 10870 5Globalization in Question: The International Economy and the Possibilities of Governance. By Paul Hirst and Grahame Thompson. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996. Pp.vi + 227. £45 and £12.95. ISBN 0 7456 1244 X and 1245 8Aid and Political Conditionality. Edited by Olav Stokke (EADI Book Series 16). London: Frank Cass, 1995. Pp.xviii + 417.£35 and £19.50. ISBN 0 7146 4640 7 and 4162 6Coping with Austerity: Poverty and Inequality in Latin America. Edited by Nora Lustig. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1995. Pp.xviii + 460. $39.95 and $18.50 ISBN 0 8157 5318 7 and 5317 9Unshackling the Private Sector: A Latin American Story. By Paul Holden and Sarath Rajapatirana. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1995. $10.95. ISBN 0 8213 3336 4Debating Development Discourse. Edited by David Moore and Gerald Schmitz (Foreword by Colin Leys). London: Macmillan, 1995. £40. ISBN 0 312 12886 XLessons in Economic Policy for Eastern Europe from Latin America. Edited by Gary McMahon. London: Macmillan, 1996. Pp.xxii + 256. £40. ISBN 0 333 64270 8
Journal: 
Pages: 949-962
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422449
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422449
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yanan Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yanan
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Ravi Kanbur
Author-X-Name-First: Ravi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanbur
Author-Name: Carl Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Title: Minimum Wage Competition between Local Governments in China
Abstract: 
 The theory of fiscal and regulatory competition between jurisdictions is more advanced than its empirical testing. This is particularly true of labour regulation in general, and minimum wage regulation in particular, and especially so for developing countries. This paper utilises the spatial lag methodology to study city-level strategic interactions in setting and enforcing minimum wage standards during 2004–2012 in China. We manually collect a panel data set of city-level minimum wage standards from China’s government websites. This analysis finds strong evidence of spatial interdependence in minimum wage standards and enforcement among main cities in China. If other cities decrease minimum wage standards by 1 RMB, the host city will decrease its standard by about 0.7–3.2 RMB. If the violation rate in other cities increases by 1 per cent, the host city will respond by an increase of roughly 0.4–1.0 percentage points. The results are robust to using three estimation methods, Maximum Likelihood, IV/GMM, and a dynamic panel data model. Our findings of strategic interactions suggest the need for policy coordination in labour regulation in China.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2479-2494
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1536263
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1536263
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thorsten Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Thorsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Author-Name: Mikael Homanen
Author-X-Name-First: Mikael
Author-X-Name-Last: Homanen
Author-Name: Burak R. Uras
Author-X-Name-First: Burak R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Uras
Title: Finance and Demand for Skill: Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 We explore the empirical interaction between firm growth, financing constraints, and job creation. Using a novel small-business survey from Uganda, we find that the extent to which small businesses expand skilled employment as their sales and profits increase is significantly related to access to external funding, while the hiring of casual and family workers is not. The results are robust to the inclusion of various firm level controls, region and sector fixed effects. We support our findings by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between planned hiring and firms’ access to finance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2495-2512
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1539477
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1539477
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Mawejje
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Mawejje
Author-Name: Rachel K. Sebudde
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sebudde
Title: Constraints or Complaints? Business Climate and Firm Performance Perceptions in Uganda
Abstract: 
 This paper identifies the business constraints that are most binding for firm performance. Using panel methods on novel quarterly Ugandan business climate data, we exploit perceived changes in business climate constraints to account for changes in firm performance. Not all identified constraints are binding for firm performance. Macroeconomic instability, demand stability, access to finance, corruption/bribery, and weather variability are found to be binding constraints. Firms’ expectations about future performance outcomes are associated with current perceptions about these constraints, alleviating endogeneity concerns to some extent. While taxation constraints are usually highly ranked, we do not find evidence linking them to firm performance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2513-2525
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1502878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1502878
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rashid Javed
Author-X-Name-First: Rashid
Author-X-Name-Last: Javed
Author-Name: Mazhar Mughal
Author-X-Name-First: Mazhar
Author-X-Name-Last: Mughal
Title: Have a Son, Gain a Voice: Son Preference and Female Participation in Household Decision Making
Abstract: 
 This study analyses the effects of observed preference for boys on Pakistani women’s participation in household decision-making. We find a significant association between female participation in various household decisions and their preference for boys. Bearing at least one son is associated with 5 per cent, 7 per cent, and 5 per cent higher say in decisions involving healthcare, social, and consumption matters, respectively. Women’s role in financial affairs, however, does not change significantly. Female participation in decision-making grows with the number of sons but only up to third parity. The improvement in female participation remains limited and decision- or context-specific.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2526-2548
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1516871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1516871
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger
Author-Name: Songqing Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Songqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Hari K. Nagarajan
Author-X-Name-First: Hari K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nagarajan
Author-Name: Fang Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Fang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Title: Inheritance Law Reform, Empowerment, and Human Capital Accumulation: Second-Generation Effects from India
Abstract: 
 Although many studies point towards significant positive impacts of Hindu Succession Act (HSA) reforms on females’ empowerment and access to human and physical capital, the fact that this reform also led to increased female mortality raises questions about long-term sustainability of reform effects. We use evidence from three states, one of which amended the HSA in 1994, to assess first- and second-generation effects of this reform using a triple-difference strategy. First-generation effects include greater likelihood of completing primary education, more assets brought into marriage, improved access to bank accounts, a lower share of female births, and higher female survival rates. Second-generation effects on education, time use, and health are robust and point estimates of education are larger than first-generation ones even after mothers’ endowments are controlled for, pointing to a sizeable and sustained empowerment effect.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2549-2571
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1520218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1520218
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diva Dhar
Author-X-Name-First: Diva
Author-X-Name-Last: Dhar
Author-Name: Tarun Jain
Author-X-Name-First: Tarun
Author-X-Name-Last: Jain
Author-Name: Seema Jayachandran
Author-X-Name-First: Seema
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayachandran
Title: Intergenerational Transmission of Gender Attitudes: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the intergenerational transmission of gender attitudes in India, a setting with severe discrimination against women and girls. We use survey data on gender attitudes (specifically, about the appropriate roles and rights of women and girls) collected from nearly 5500 adolescents attending 314 schools in the state of Haryana, and their parents. We find that when a parent holds a more discriminatory attitude, his or her child is about 11 percentage points more likely to hold the view. We find that parents hold greater sway over students’ gender attitudes than their peers do, and that mothers influence children’s gender attitudes more than fathers. Parental attitudes influence child attitudes more in Scheduled Caste communities and student gender attitudes are positively correlated with behaviours such as interacting with children of the opposite gender.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2572-2592
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1520214
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1520214
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magda Tsaneva
Author-X-Name-First: Magda
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsaneva
Author-Name: Uttara Balakrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Uttara
Author-X-Name-Last: Balakrishnan
Title: The Effect of a Workfare Programme on Psychological Wellbeing in India
Abstract: 
 Little is known about the effect of poverty alleviation programmes on mental health. In this paper we use variation in district implementation dates and location of residence to examine the short-run effect of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in India on psychological wellbeing. We find that in the first year of the programme, women in recipient districts were less likely to experience depression symptoms. The effects of the programme on men’s mental health, on the other hand, are generally not statistically significant and are not robust to different specifications. We provide suggestive evidence that one mechanism through which the programme could have affected women, at least in the short-run, was providing them with greater economic security and independence.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2593-2609
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1502879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1502879
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:12:p:2593-2609




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thanh P. Bui
Author-X-Name-First: Thanh P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bui
Author-Name: Katsushi S. Imai
Author-X-Name-First: Katsushi S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Imai
Title: Determinants of Rural-Urban Inequality in Vietnam: Detailed Decomposition Analyses Based on Unconditional Quantile Regressions
Abstract: 
 This study examines determinants of the rural-urban gap of household welfare in Vietnam during 2008–2012 using national household data. We have used unconditional quantile regressions (UQR) to carry out quantile decomposition analyses to identify underlying causes for the rural-urban disparity across the entire distribution. Our analyses have overcome the limitations of Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, namely, (i) decomposition is made only at mean and (ii) a dependent variable has a linear and parametric relationship with covariates. For these purposes, we have carried out detailed decomposition analyses and the UQR decomposition (N) combined with the reweighting technique. Our results show that basic education is beneficial to the rural poor and ethnic minorities in improving their living standards. Remittances generally improve rural welfare, but do not reduce within or between-inequality. Public policy should ensure easier access to education for the rural poor and support the self-employed to raise and stabilise income.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2610-2625
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1536265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1536265
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanna Ojanperä
Author-X-Name-First: Sanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojanperä
Author-Name: Mark Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Author-Name: Matthew Zook
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Zook
Title: The Digital Knowledge Economy Index: Mapping Content Production
Abstract: 
 We propose the construction of a Digital Knowledge Economy Index, quantified by way of measuring content creation and participation through digital platforms, namely the code sharing platform GitHub, the crowdsourced encyclopaedia Wikipedia, and Internet domain registrations and estimating a fifth sub-index for the World Bank Knowledge Economy Index for year 2012. This approach complements conventional data sources such as national statistics and expert surveys and helps reflect the underlying digital content creation, capacities, and skills of the population. An index that combines traditional and novel data sources can provide a more revealing view of the status of the world’s digital knowledge economy and highlight where the (un)availability of digital resources may actually reinforce inequalities in the age of data.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2626-2643
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1554208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1554208
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Verónica Escudero
Author-X-Name-First: Verónica
Author-X-Name-Last: Escudero
Author-Name: Jochen Kluve
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen
Author-X-Name-Last: Kluve
Author-Name: Elva López Mourelo
Author-X-Name-First: Elva
Author-X-Name-Last: López Mourelo
Author-Name: Clemente Pignatti
Author-X-Name-First: Clemente
Author-X-Name-Last: Pignatti
Title: Active Labour Market Programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis
Abstract: 
 We present a systematic review and meta-analysis of impact evaluations of active labour market programmes (ALMPs) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). We extract 296 impact estimates from 51 programme evaluations to analyse the effects of participation on employment, earnings, hours worked, and formality. Our analysis finds that the probabilities of being employed and in formal employment are the labour market indicators most likely to be positively affected by ALMPs in LAC. Moreover, ALMPs are more successful among women and youth and when they are implemented during periods of economic expansion. Training programmes increase both formal employment and earnings; training is particularly effective when it is more intensive and when explicitly targeting poor individuals.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2644-2661
Issue: 12
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1546843
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1546843
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:12:p:2644-2661




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maxine Molyneux
Author-X-Name-First: Maxine
Author-X-Name-Last: Molyneux
Author-Name: With Nicola Jones
Author-X-Name-First: With Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Fiona Samuels
Author-X-Name-First: Fiona
Author-X-Name-Last: Samuels
Title: Can Cash Transfer Programmes Have ‘Transformative’ Effects?
Abstract: 
 Cash transfers (CTs), for all their evident success in relieving poverty, have been criticised for failing to incorporate transformative elements into their programme design. In recent years changes have been introduced into the design of CT programmes that go some way towards addressing this concern. This article critically engages the meaning of transformative social protection and introduces a collection of papers that examine whether and under what conditions cash transfers can be ‘transformative’. Among the issues addressed are whether CTs can be catalysts leading to positive changes, material, subjective and relational in the lives of poor people; what are the social effects of CTs for beneficiaries, their households and communities; and can they foster horizontal relationships within communities and vertical relationship with the state through developing forms of social accountability and citizenship engagement?
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1087-1098
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134781
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134781
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:8:p:1087-1098




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fiona Samuels
Author-X-Name-First: Fiona
Author-X-Name-Last: Samuels
Author-Name: Maria Stavropoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Stavropoulou
Title: ‘Being Able to Breathe Again’: The Effects of Cash Transfer Programmes on Psychosocial Wellbeing
Abstract: 
 The multidimensional nature of poverty and vulnerability and the role of psychosocial dimensions in achieving wellbeing are increasingly being recognised, yet development programme assessments still tend to focus on material outcomes. We situate this article within a wellbeing framework and after reviewing evidence on the psychosocial effects of cash transfer programmes, we explore findings from a qualitative and participatory study on beneficiary experiences of unconditional cash transfers in the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa. Narratives reveal how cash transfers can improve psychosocial wellbeing at individual level and in relation to others suggesting that psychosocial dimensions need to be considered when planning, implementing and evaluating cash transfer programmes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1099-1114
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134773
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134773
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramlatu Attah
Author-X-Name-First: Ramlatu
Author-X-Name-Last: Attah
Author-Name: Valentina Barca
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Barca
Author-Name: Andrew Kardan
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Kardan
Author-Name: Ian MacAuslan
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: MacAuslan
Author-Name: Fred Merttens
Author-X-Name-First: Fred
Author-X-Name-Last: Merttens
Author-Name: Luca Pellerano
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Pellerano
Title: Can Social Protection Affect Psychosocial Wellbeing and Why Does This Matter? Lessons from Cash Transfers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Social protection interventions have been demonstrated to improve traditional measures of poverty by protecting people from risk. Less research has been conducted on their impacts on psychosocial dimensions of wellbeing – self-acceptance, autonomy and purpose in life among others –, that are both intrinsically and instrumentally important. This paper provides evidence from a mixed method evaluation of a cash transfer in Kenya, and from systematic cross-country qualitative research from Ghana, Zimbabwe and Lesotho. It shows that cash transfers can have positive impacts on psychosocial wellbeing leading to further positive impacts on educational performance, participation in social life and empowerment for decision-making.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1115-1131
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134777
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134777
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Adato
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Adato
Author-Name: Stephen Devereux
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Devereux
Author-Name: Rachel Sabates-Wheeler
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabates-Wheeler
Title: Accessing the ‘Right’ Kinds of Material and Symbolic Capital: the Role of Cash Transfers in Reducing Adolescent School Absence and Risky Behaviour in South Africa
Abstract: 
 This article investigates how well South Africa’s Child Support Grant (CSG) responds to the material and psychosocial needs of adolescents, and the resultant effects on schooling and risky behaviour. One driver of schooling decisions is shame related to poverty and the ‘social cost’ of school, where a premium must often be paid for fashionable clothes or accessories. The other driver relates to symbolic and consumptive capital gained through engaging in sexual exchange relationships. The anticipated impacts from the CSG are partial because of these non-material drivers of adolescent choices. Non-material transmission mechanisms must be better understood and addressed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1132-1146
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134776
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134776
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Pavanello
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Pavanello
Author-Name: Carol Watson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Watson
Author-Name: W. Onyango-Ouma
Author-X-Name-First: W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Onyango-Ouma
Author-Name: Paul Bukuluki
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Bukuluki
Title: Effects of Cash Transfers on Community Interactions: Emerging Evidence
Abstract: 
 This article examines evidence of the effects of national cash transfer programmes on community interactions and discusses the transformative potential of such programmes. The findings indicate positive effects of social transfers on strengthening ‘bonding’ social capital and on breaking patterns of exclusion, but also point to negative effects, particularly in fuelling intra-community tensions and generating feelings of unfairness resulting – for the most part – from targeting-related issues. Evidence remains limited on the formation of ‘bridging’ and ‘linking’ social capital and on the development of mobilisation processes to drive broader processes of social transformation and changes in the status quo.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1147-1161
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134774
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134774
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Badru Bukenya
Author-X-Name-First: Badru
Author-X-Name-Last: Bukenya
Title: From Social Accountability to a New Social Contract? The Role of NGOs in Protecting and Empowering PLHIV in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Social protection and social accountability initiatives are increasingly promoted as mechanisms for securing a new social contract between states and citizens in developing countries. Evidence from Uganda suggests that social protection programmes with built-in accountability arrangements led by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) can enable states and citizens, in this case people living with HIV and AIDS, to ‘see’ each other in different and more positive ways, and as such can provide clues as to how such interventions can help build a social contract at the local level. This finding helps counter critical concerns that NGOs tend to depoliticise state–society relations and undermine accountability.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1162-1176
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134775
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Adato
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Adato
Author-Name: Oscar Morales Barahona
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar
Author-X-Name-Last: Morales Barahona
Author-Name: Terence Roopnaraine
Author-X-Name-First: Terence
Author-X-Name-Last: Roopnaraine
Title: Programming for Citizenship: The Conditional Cash Transfer Programme in El Salvador
Abstract: 
 State-sponsored social protection, while addressing social and economic rights in the concept of citizenship, has rarely engaged systematically with its promotion as a social good. This paper reviews El Salvador’s experience with ‘programming for citizenship’ in its Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Programme. Citizenship was promoted through local representative structures, and non-formal education. Outcomes are explained by local political histories, divergent objectives, limited bandwidth in the context of complex programme management, and the structural confines of CCT programme design. Impacts on women’s personal empowerment were strongest. El Salvador’s experience provides lessons for CCT programmes aiming for transformational outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1177-1191
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134780
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134780
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natasha Borges Sugiyama
Author-X-Name-First: Natasha Borges
Author-X-Name-Last: Sugiyama
Title: Pathways to Citizen Accountability: Brazil’s Bolsa Família
Abstract: 
 This article examines the pathways – citizen-driven, bottom-up oversight or state-centred administrative controls – that have played the largest role in promoting the accountability of the Bolsa Família programme. The exploratory analysis draws on interviews with local and federal officials as well as beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família in order to identify the ways monitoring and accountability have evolved in practise and on the ground. Field research highlights that citizen- and community-driven participatory mechanisms for ongoing monitoring and accountability are relatively weak. Top-down administrative regulations, such as programmatic transparency and random audits, have largely worked to protect the integrity of the programme. The article concludes by discussing the opportunities for greater community-driven participatory oversight in the future.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1192-1206
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134779
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Bassam Abu-Hamad
Author-X-Name-First: Bassam
Author-X-Name-Last: Abu-Hamad
Author-Name: Paola Pereznieto
Author-X-Name-First: Paola
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereznieto
Author-Name: Kerry Sylvester
Author-X-Name-First: Kerry
Author-X-Name-Last: Sylvester
Title: Transforming Cash Transfers: Citizens’ Perspectives on the Politics of Programme Implementation
Abstract: 
 After two decades of cash transfer programming, interest in programme governance and social accountability is growing. Analysts are increasingly realising the importance of issues of politics, power and citizen engagement in shaping programme effectiveness and sustainability. To contribute to a still nascent literature on the politics of programme implementation, this article explores the political economy factors shaping governance and social accountability processes in three established and relatively large-scale unconditional cash transfer programmes in conflict-affected contexts – Mozambique, Palestine and Yemen – drawing on beneficiary and citizen perception data from 2012. We conclude by emphasising the importance of context-specific understandings of demand-side factors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1207-1224
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134772
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Hickey
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey
Author-Name: Sophie King
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: King
Title: Understanding Social Accountability: Politics, Power and Building New Social Contracts
Abstract: 
 Calls to deepen levels of social accountability within social protection interventions need to be informed by the now extensive experience of promoting social accountability in developing countries. Drawing on a systematic review of over 90 social accountability interventions, including some involving social protection, this paper shows that politics and context are critical to shaping their success. We argue that the politics of social protection and of social accountability resonate strongly with the broader project of transforming state-society relations in developing countries. This requires a reconceptualisation of social accountability and social protection in terms of the broader development of ‘social contracts’, and that the current emphasis on promoting bottom-up forms of accountability needs to be balanced by efforts to strengthen and legitimise public authority in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1225-1240
Issue: 8
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1134778
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1134778
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haining Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Haining
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zhiming Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiming
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Russell Smyth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth
Title: Consumption and Happiness
Abstract: 
 We examine the relationship between (relative) consumption and happiness using panel data for China, an important developing country. We find that consumption has a positive effect on happiness. An increase in the average consumption of those of the same age, education and gender at the community level has a positive effect on happiness, consistent with a signalling effect, while an increase in the consumption of the highest spenders in this group engenders a jealousy effect. There is mixed evidence that conspicuous consumption and consumption that increases social connectedness increases happiness, while relative deprivation in visible consumption has strong negative effects on happiness. Our findings add to the literature on the effect of relativities in influencing individual happiness.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 120-136
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1371294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1371294
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jing You
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: You
Author-Name: Andreas Kontoleon
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Kontoleon
Author-Name: Sangui Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Sangui
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Identifying a Sustained Pathway to Multidimensional Poverty Reduction: Evidence from Two Chinese Provinces
Abstract: 
 Poor rural households in developing countries often endure many-faceted burdens including monetary poverty, nutrition deficiency and energy shortage due to reliance on limited local natural resources with low utilisation efficiency. We investigate a sustained pathway in rural China to escape the vicious circle between three important dimensions of poverty – deficiency of income, malnutrition and a low energy consumption profile in terms of reliance on firewood. By exploiting household panel data and a dynamic and recursive multi-equation mixed mode, we identify inter-locking deprivations in income, nutrition and energy consumption. Firewood plantations only offer short-term solutions to break them through income effects, while the sustained pathways in the long-term are increasing agricultural labour productivity and provision of agricultural loans.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 137-158
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1371295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1371295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:1:p:137-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Els Lecoutere
Author-X-Name-First: Els
Author-X-Name-Last: Lecoutere
Author-Name: Laurence Jassogne
Author-X-Name-First: Laurence
Author-X-Name-Last: Jassogne
Title: Fairness and Efficiency in Smallholder Farming: The Relation with Intrahousehold Decision-Making
Abstract: 
 Agricultural households face collective action dilemmas when making decisions about investments in their common household farm and the allocation of resources and benefits derived from it. We relate intrahousehold decisions, as measured in a lab-in-the-field experiment conducted with spouses in agricultural households in western Uganda, with actual investments and intrahousehold resource allocation. Intrahousehold decision-making that supports cooperation and equitable sharing is associated with greater investment in the intensification of cash and food crop production, and more equitable access and control over income. Freeriding behaviour by husbands is associated with the intensification of cash crop production, but not with equitable sharing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 57-82
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1400014
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1400014
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:1:p:57-82




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solee I. Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Solee I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Title: Transforming into Fashion Firms or Multi-Country Suppliers? Accounting for Varied Firm Trajectories in the Deindustrialising Korean Apparel Industry
Abstract: 
 This paper compares across two groups of Korean garment firms’ varied development and patterns of integration into the global economy in the deindustrialising Korean apparel industry. Although each group, both with histories as export suppliers, developed into fashion lead-firms or multi-country suppliers, current literature on firm upgrading provides little help in explaining the varied post-industrial trajectories of these firms. This paper bridges global value chains/global production networks (GVC/GPN) literature with institutionalist literature to highlight the importance of differential market embeddedness and organising logics in patterning how firms respond to changing global conditions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-18
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1404032
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404032
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Stevano
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevano
Title: The Limits of Instrumentalism: Informal Work and Gendered Cycles of Food Insecurity in Mozambique
Abstract: 
 The instrumentalist literature suggests that women can help achieve household food security if they have access to productive resources but do not become overburdened as a result. This paper seeks to assess the relevance of this literature by exploring the gendered cycles of food insecurity in the context of women’s informal labour in northern Mozambique. It considers the relation between women and food security as embedded in the broader socio-economic setting, and finds that the interaction of different forms of deprivation, such as lack of secure employment and conflicting labour demands, generates food insecurity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 83-98
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1408793
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408793
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:1:p:83-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Truong Lam Do
Author-X-Name-First: Truong Lam
Author-X-Name-Last: Do
Author-Name: Trung Thanh Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Trung Thanh
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Ulrike Grote
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrike
Author-X-Name-Last: Grote
Title: Livestock Production, Rural Poverty, and Perceived Shocks: Evidence from Panel Data for Vietnam
Abstract: 
 This paper assesses the contribution of livestock to reducing rural poverty and examines the determinants of livestock assets with panel data from Vietnam. The findings show that livestock production contributes to reducing poverty and livestock assets are influenced by the number of shocks that households faced during the last three years, access to credits, farmland size, education of household head, irrigation system, and access to the national electricity. We suggest that empowering rural households to better cope with shocks contributes to developing livestock and consequently to reducing rural poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 99-119
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1408795
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408795
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcos Chamon
Author-X-Name-First: Marcos
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamon
Author-Name: Sergio Firpo
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Firpo
Author-Name: João M. P. de Mello
Author-X-Name-First: João M. P. de
Author-X-Name-Last: Mello
Author-Name: Renan Pieri
Author-X-Name-First: Renan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pieri
Title: Electoral Rules, Political Competition and Fiscal Expenditures: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from Brazilian Municipalities
Abstract: 
 We exploit a discontinuity in the rules of Brazilian mayoral elections to investigate whether political competition has a causal impact on fiscal policy choices. In municipalities with fewer than 200,000 voters, mayors are elected under a plurality voting system. In all other municipalities, a runoff election takes place between the top two candidates if neither achieves the majority of votes. Our results suggest that political competition induces more investment and less current expenditures, particularly personnel expenditures. The impact is larger when incumbents can run for re-election, suggesting incentives matter insofar as incumbents can themselves remain in office.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 19-38
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414184
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414184
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Niaz Asadullah
Author-X-Name-First: M. Niaz
Author-X-Name-Last: Asadullah
Author-Name: Sajeda Amin
Author-X-Name-First: Sajeda
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin
Author-Name: Nazmul Chaudhury
Author-X-Name-First: Nazmul
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhury
Title: Support for Gender Stereotypes: Does Madrasah Education Matter?
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the influence of the institutional nature of schools on gender stereotyping by exploring contrasts between non-religious and Islamic faith (that is madrasah) schools among secondary school-going adolescents in rural Bangladesh. In particular, differences in gender attitudes across school types are explored to elucidate what about schools matters. Using a uniquely designed survey to assess the influence of school type on student characteristics, we find large differences in stereotypical gender attitudes by school type and student gender. Madrasah students in general, and unrecognised madrasah students in particular, show unfavourable attitudes about women and their abilities compared to their peers in non-religious schools. However, these differences are diminished considerably in ordered probit models suggesting that school-level differences are explained by teacher characteristics such as the nature of teacher training and average family size of teachers. These estimated effects are robust to conditioning on a rich set of family characteristics.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 39-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414190
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandra Cosima Budabin
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Cosima
Author-X-Name-Last: Budabin
Title: Visual Global Politics
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 159-160
Issue: 1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1515148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1515148
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sasha Jesperson
Author-X-Name-First: Sasha
Author-X-Name-Last: Jesperson
Title: Book Review
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 394-395
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1280965
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1280965
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:2:p:394-395




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thi Bich Tran
Author-X-Name-First: Thi Bich
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran
Author-Name: Hai Anh La
Author-X-Name-First: Hai Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: La
Title: Agglomeration Effects: Productivity of the Informal Sector in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates agglomeration externalities on the productivity of informal household businesses in Vietnam. Although the paper finds heterogeneous impacts of agglomeration on the productivity of informal firms between urban and rural settings and across industries, it is found that technology transfers are not an agglomerative force for the informal sector of Vietnam. The disaggregation of local scale externalities into city types reveals that the highest developed cities in Vietnam may either be low-quality agglomeration or go beyond their optimal scale for the informal sector in some industries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 292-311
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1283013
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1283013
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natalia Radchenko
Author-X-Name-First: Natalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Radchenko
Author-Name: Paul Corral
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Corral
Title: Agricultural Commercialisation and Food Security in Rural Economies: Malawian Experience
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the debate on the nutrition-related outcomes of cash crop adoption by using a model with essential heterogeneity and a semi-parametric estimation technique. The model explicitly frames non-separability between production and consumption decisions of farming households providing an original test of separability. The empirical application is run using Malawian data. The results imply rational anticipations and decision process of agrarian households relative to the crop portfolio choice, disparate strength of market barriers faced by the farmers, non-separability between production and consumption decisions and a weak transmission from agricultural incomes to higher food expenditures and better diet.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 256-270
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1283014
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1283014
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solomon Asfaw
Author-X-Name-First: Solomon
Author-X-Name-Last: Asfaw
Author-Name: Giuseppe Maggio
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Maggio
Title: Gender, Weather Shocks and Welfare: Evidence from Malawi
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the gender-differentiated effects of weather shocks on households’ welfare in Malawi using panel data aligned with climatic records. Results show that temperature shocks severely affect household welfare, reducing consumption, food consumption and daily caloric intake. The negative welfare effects are more severe for households where land is solely managed by women, a finding that sheds light on the gender-unequal impact of temperature shocks. Our evidence also suggests that women’s vulnerability to temperature shocks is linked to women’s land tenure security, as temperature shocks significantly impact women’s welfare only in patrilineal districts, where statistics show that investment in agricultural technologies is lower.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 271-291
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1283016
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1283016
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farai Jena
Author-X-Name-First: Farai
Author-X-Name-Last: Jena
Title: Migrant Remittances and Physical Investment Purchases: Evidence from Kenyan Households
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the impact of remittances on household decisions to purchase physical investments in Kenya using household survey data. An instrumental variables approach is employed using rainfall variation and mobile network coverage as instruments to control for the endogeneity of remittances. The empirical evidence obtained is suggestive of remittances having a positive and significant effect on the decisions by households to purchase physical investments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 312-326
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1288219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1288219
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Conrad Murendo
Author-X-Name-First: Conrad
Author-X-Name-Last: Murendo
Author-Name: Meike Wollni
Author-X-Name-First: Meike
Author-X-Name-Last: Wollni
Author-Name: Alan De Brauw
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: De Brauw
Author-Name: Nicholas Mugabi
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Mugabi
Title: Social Network Effects on Mobile Money Adoption in Uganda
Abstract: 
 This study analyses social network effects on the adoption of mobile money among rural households in Uganda. We estimate conditional logistic regressions controlling for correlated effects and other information sources. Results show that mobile money adoption is positively influenced by the size of the social network with which information is exchanged. We further find that this effect is particularly pronounced for non-poor households. Thus, while social networks represent an important target for policy-makers aiming to promote mobile money technology, the poorest households are likely to be excluded and require more tailored policy programmes and assistance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 327-342
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1296569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1296569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:2:p:327-342




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erin Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Erin
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Author-Name: Michael Aguilera
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Aguilera
Author-Name: James Schintz
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Schintz
Title: Who Benefits? The Interactional Determinants of Microfinance’s Varied Effects
Abstract: 
 Since its emergence as a development tool, scholars and practitioners have questioned microfinance’s short- and long-term impacts but have had insufficient empirical evidence to assess them. To address this gap, this paper draws on mixed method research to assess the effects of microfinance loan and educational services over time. It explores why, even within the same microfinance institution (MFI), some borrowers benefit from microfinance services more than others in the short-term, and examines how this translates into long-term impacts. The article identifies understudied sources of intra-group variation: the diversity and choices of borrowers and MFI employees interacting with each other and their broader contexts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 235-255
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1296570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1296570
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark P. Hampton
Author-X-Name-First: Mark P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hampton
Author-Name: Julia Jeyacheya
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeyacheya
Author-Name: Pham Hong Long
Author-X-Name-First: Pham Hong
Author-X-Name-Last: Long
Title: Can Tourism Promote Inclusive Growth? Supply Chains, Ownership and Employment in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Inclusive growth is contested yet adopted by the World Bank to reduce poverty and inequality through rapid economic growth. Research has tested inclusive growth in sectors including agriculture, but few studies apply it to tourism which is significant for many developing countries. The paper interrogates tourism-led inclusive growth: supply chains, economic linkages/leakage, ownership, employment and expenditure. It draws from fieldwork in Vietnam where tourism has rapidly developed with partial economic benefits for local communities, but does not appear to fall within the inclusive growth paradigm. It is unclear if tourism-led growth will become any more inclusive in the short-to-medium term.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 359-376
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1296572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1296572
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolina Laureti
Author-X-Name-First: Carolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Laureti
Title: Why Do Poor People Co-Hold Debt and Liquid Savings?
Abstract: 
 I examine the use of flexible savings-and-loan accounts offered by SafeSave, a microfinance institution serving poor slum dwellers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. I find that 59 per cent of the clients co-hold, meaning that they borrow at high interest rates and simultaneously hold low-yield liquid savings. Co-holders could immediately pay down, on average, 32 per cent of their debt using liquid savings and thus avoid significant interest payments. The results show that co-holders are more likely to be regular workers subject to little income uncertainty, suggesting that co-holding is not a consequence of liquidity needs. The paper discusses alternative explanations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 213-234
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1299137
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1299137
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steffen Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksen
Author-Name: Clemens Lutz
Author-X-Name-First: Clemens
Author-X-Name-Last: Lutz
Author-Name: Getaw Tadesse
Author-X-Name-First: Getaw
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadesse
Title: Social Desirability, Opportunism and Actual Support for Farmers’ Market Organisations in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 One of the striking issues in the literature on farmers’ market organisations (FMOs) is that farmers generally report quite positive opinions regarding the services of their FMO, while, at the same time, actual sales reveal a much more reserved attitude. We argue that farmers may feel social and/or opportunistic pressure to express positive opinions concerning the FMO, to donors and policy-makers, which are not necessarily in line with their actions. This article proposes a list experiment method to control for this bias. The method shows that especially farmers who express strong support for the FMO seriously hesitate to speak freely.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 343-358
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1299138
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1299138
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:2:p:343-358




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meg Elkins
Author-X-Name-First: Meg
Author-X-Name-Last: Elkins
Author-Name: Simon Feeny
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Feeny
Author-Name: David Prentice
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Prentice
Title: Are Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers Associated with Reductions in Poverty and Improvements in Well-being?
Abstract: 
 Should Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) be the tool for implementing the new Sustainable Development Goals, as they were for the Millennium Development Goals? Surprisingly, despite the controversies around them, there has never been a quantitative evaluation of PRSPs. This paper estimates the impact of having a PRSP on various targets of the Millennium Development Goals. Results suggest that countries under PRSP treatment achieve much greater reductions than control countries, in head count poverty and infant mortality, while also achieving greater improvements in primary school enrolments and gender parity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 377-393
Issue: 2
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1299140
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1299140
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:2:p:377-393




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Addison
Author-X-Name-First: Tony
Author-X-Name-Last: Addison
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey
Author-Name: Finn Tarp
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp
Title: The Macroeconomics of Aid: Overview
Abstract: 
 This Special Issue explores macroeconomic effects of aid from various perspectives through a blend of studies, both conceptual and empirical in nature. The overall aim is to enhance the understanding of the macroeconomic dimensions of aid in the policy and research communities, and to inspire further innovative work in this important area. This opening article provides a scene setting summary of five generations of aid research, with a particular focus on how the JDS has contributed to this literature, and ends with an overview of the papers included in this Issue.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 987-997
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303669
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303669
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:7:p:987-997




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl-Johan Dalgaard
Author-X-Name-First: Carl-Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dalgaard
Author-Name: Henrik Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Title: The Return to Foreign Aid
Abstract: 
 We estimate the average rate of return on investments financed by aid and by domestic resource mobilisation, using aggregate data. Both returns are expected to vary across countries and time. Consequently we develop a correlated random coefficients model to estimate the average returns. Across different estimators and two different data sources for GDP and investment our findings are remarkably robust; the average gross return on ‘aid investments’ is about 20 per cent. This is in accord with micro estimates of the economic rate of return on aid projects and with aggregate estimates of the rate of return on public capital.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 998-1018
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303674
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303674
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:7:p:998-1018




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Bwire
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Bwire
Author-Name: Tim Lloyd
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey
Title: Fiscal Reforms and the Fiscal Effects of Aid in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Uganda implemented public expenditure and revenue management reforms from the early 1990s with specific aims of improving budget planning and aligning aid with fiscal priorities. The dynamic relationship between aid and domestic fiscal aggregates is analysed using a Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive model with annual data for 1972–2008 and quarterly data for 1997–2014. Aid has been a significant element of long-run fiscal equilibrium, associated with increased tax effort and public spending and reduced domestic borrowing. Fiscal reforms have improved aid and expenditure management, contributing to improved fiscal performance in Uganda, with lessons for other African countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1019-1036
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303677
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giulia Mascagni
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mascagni
Author-Name: Emilija Timmis
Author-X-Name-First: Emilija
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmis
Title: The Fiscal Effects of Aid in Ethiopia: Evidence from CVAR Applications
Abstract: 
 This article explores the fiscal effects of aid in Ethiopia using the  Cointegrated Vector Auto-Regressive (CVAR)    methodology to model complex long-run and short-run dynamics. We use national data for 1961–2010, including a measure of aid capturing flows through the budget as measured by the recipient. The data suggests three main conclusions on the long-run equilibrium. First, government long-term spending plans are based on domestic sources, treating aid as an additional source of revenue. Second, both grants and loans are positively related to tax revenue. Third, aid is positively associated with spending, with a particularly strong relation between capital expenditure and grants. Overall, our results show that aid in Ethiopia had beneficial fiscal effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1037-1056
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303676
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303676
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ernesto Crivelli
Author-X-Name-First: Ernesto
Author-X-Name-Last: Crivelli
Author-Name: Sanjeev Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjeev
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Title: Does Conditionality Mitigate the Potential Negative Effect of Aid on Revenues?
Abstract: 
 This paper assesses whether conditionality in IMF-supported programmes has helped offset the potential negative effect of foreign aid on tax revenues. The analysis – carried out on panel data covering 1993-2012 for 111 low- and middle-income countries – shows that growing use of revenue conditionality by low-income countries partially offsets the depressing effect of foreign grants on tax revenue, particularly on taxes on goods and services. The impact of conditionality is strong in countries where aid dependence is high and where institutions are strong, suggesting that revenue conditionality cannot substitute for weak institutions in mitigating any negative effect of aid on tax revenue collection.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1057-1074
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303678
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303678
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katarina Juselius
Author-X-Name-First: Katarina
Author-X-Name-Last: Juselius
Author-Name: Abdulaziz Reshid
Author-X-Name-First: Abdulaziz
Author-X-Name-Last: Reshid
Author-Name: Finn Tarp
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp
Title: The Real Exchange Rate, Foreign Aid and Macroeconomic Transmission Mechanisms in Tanzania and Ghana
Abstract: 
 A recent study of 36 sub-Saharan African countries found a positive impact of aid in the majority of these countries. However, for Tanzania and Ghana, two major aid recipients, aid did not seem to have been equally beneficial. This study singles out these two countries for a more detailed empirical investigation. The focus is on the effect of aid when allowing external and nominal factors to play a role in the macroeconomic transmission mechanism. We conclude that when monetary and external factors are properly accounted for, then aid has been pivotal to growth in both real GDP and investment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1075-1103
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1305106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1305106
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Addison
Author-X-Name-First: Tony
Author-X-Name-Last: Addison
Author-Name: Mina Baliamoune-Lutz
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Baliamoune-Lutz
Title: Aid, the Real Exchange Rate and Why Policy Matters: The Cases of Morocco and Tunisia
Abstract: 
 Every form of foreign-exchange inflow, including aid, can potentially cause real-exchange rate appreciation, with adverse consequences for the production of tradables (‘Dutch Disease’). Whether it does so depends on the policy response to the inflow. This paper investigates the issue for Morocco and Tunisia, over 1980–2009. We find that aid led to a real appreciation in Morocco, but had no effect on Tunisia’s real exchange rate. This confirms the importance of the macroeconomic framework in which aid is provided, and the key role for infrastructure and other supply-side improvements in determining the final real-economy impact of aid and other inflows.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1104-1121
Issue: 7
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303673
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Meagher
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Meagher
Author-Name: Laura Mann
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Mann
Author-Name: Maxim Bolt
Author-X-Name-First: Maxim
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolt
Title: Introduction: Global Economic Inclusion and African Workers
Abstract: 
 This introductory article explores the transformative potential of global connections for African workers. It challenges recent claims that African workers have become functionally irrelevant to the global economy by examining the shift of global demand for African workers from formal to increasingly informalised labour arrangements, mediated by social enterprises, labour brokers and graduate entrepreneurs. Focusing on global employment connections initiated from above and from below, we consider why global labour linkages have tended to increase rather than reduce problems of vulnerable and unstable working conditions within African countries, and consider the economic and political conditions needed for African workers to capture the gains of inclusion in the global economy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 471-482
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126256
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126256
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Meagher
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Meagher
Title: The Scramble for Africans: Demography, Globalisation and Africa’s Informal Labour Markets
Abstract: 
 Images of an 'African Boom' have presented us with labour markets full of dynamic potential: a declining dependency ratio; low levels of unemployment; and a vibrant middle class. This buoyant view of African labour markets conceals a less encouraging reality of catastrophic youth unemployment and expanding informality. How has the continent known for the world's highest share of informal labour become a beacon of prosperity? This article will explore the reality beneath the outbreak of informal economic optimism, and consider why African labour markets are being painted in such rosy colours.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 483-497
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126253
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126253
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:4:p:483-497




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Pezzano
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Pezzano
Title: ‘Integration’ or ‘Selective Incorporation’? The Modes of Governance in Informal Trading Policy in the Inner City of Johannesburg
Abstract: 
 This article explores the modes of governance in informal trading policy in the inner city of Johannesburg. It highlights the different and contradictory empirical models of informal trading management which result from the interaction of multiple and plural local actors on the ground and the different strategies employed by informal traders in engaging the state. The article argues that Johannesburg municipal authorities exert a contradictory double agenda instead of governing the complexity of informality. The result is asymmetric governance functional to a neoliberalisation of the urban policies which produces a selective incorporation of informal traders from above and from below.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 498-513
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126254
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:4:p:498-513




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Dolan
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolan
Author-Name: Dinah Rajak
Author-X-Name-First: Dinah
Author-X-Name-Last: Rajak
Title: Remaking Africa’s Informal Economies: Youth, Entrepreneurship and the Promise of Inclusion at the Bottom of the Pyramid
Abstract: 
 In recent years, the quest for ‘inclusive markets’ that incorporate Africa’s youth has become a key focus of national and international development efforts, with so-called bottom of the pyramid (BoP) initiatives increasingly seen as a way to draw the continent’s poor into new networks of global capitalism. SSA has become a fertile frontier for such systems, as capital sets its sights on the continents’ vast ‘under-served’ informal economies, harnessing the entrepreneurial mettle of youth to create new markets for a range of products, from solar lanterns and shampoo to cook stoves and sanitary pads. Drawing on ethnographic research with youth entrepreneurs, we trace the processes of individual and collective ‘transformation’ that the mission of (self-) empowerment through entrepreneurship seeks to bring about. We argue that, while such systems are meant to bring those below the poverty line above it, the ‘line’ is reified and reinforced through a range of discursive and strategic practices that actively construct and embed distinctions between the past and the future, valuable and valueless, and the idle and productive in Africa’s informal economies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 514-529
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126249
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:4:p:514-529




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Mann
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Mann
Author-Name: Mark Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: The Domestic Turn: Business Process Outsourcing and the Growing Automation of Kenyan Organisations
Abstract: 
 After observing the growth of the Indian and Filipino Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) sectors, Kenyan policy-makers and managers made substantial investments in international internet infrastructure and BPO marketing campaigns. While observers continue to discuss the sector in terms of its international work opportunities, in recent years the sector has increasingly focused on contracts sourced from Kenyan and other East African clients. The government has also refocused efforts on attracting international BPO companies. This domestic turn signals both the difficulties of gaining access to overseas work due to the power of incumbents and the increasing use of the internet and ICT-enabled automation within Kenyan organisations. In effect, better connectivity has enabled a two-way globalisation of services: Kenyan BPO companies can access international work opportunities but connectivity has also contributed to the inflow of international business practices into Kenya. The conclusion examines what these shifts might entail for the sector and its workers in future.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 530-548
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126251
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Boatemaa Setrana
Author-X-Name-First: Mary Boatemaa
Author-X-Name-Last: Setrana
Author-Name: Steve Tonah
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Tonah
Title: Do Transnational Links Matter after Return? Labour Market Participation among Ghanaian Return Migrants
Abstract: 
 Do transnational links matter after return? The study presents the conditions under which migrants participate in the labour market of their home countries. Though transnationalism describes return migration as a circular movement, there is still evidence of permanent return prompting the question of how returnees utilise their transnational links after return. This paper presents an analysis of pre- and post-return experiences of Ghanaian international migrants, focusing on their strategies, assets and labour market participation. The study finds that return migrants keep ties with host countries for the sake of businesses and other benefits which may not be readily available in the home country. The paper suggests that in order to promote national development and enhance national competitiveness in a globalising world, Ghana needs to encourage collaboration amongst its residents abroad and encourage opportunities for the sharing of knowledge and expertise.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 549-560
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126255
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126255
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:4:p:549-560




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maxim Bolt
Author-X-Name-First: Maxim
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolt
Title: Accidental Neoliberalism and the Performance of Management: Hierarchies in Export Agriculture on the Zimbabwean-South African Border
Abstract: 
 South Africa’s export farms have shifted from racialised paternalism to corporate managerialism. But how have workforce dynamics changed? This article offers an ethnographic perspective on agriculture on the transient Zimbabwean border. An ‘actor-centred’ approach examines the causes and extent of transformation. Who furthers managerial logics? Why? With what effects? White farmers emphasise impersonal, rationalised business for diverse reasons. What looks like part of a single global process of neoliberalisation is an accidental result. At the same time, foreign supermarket-funded development projects become subjected to logics of workforce paternalism. Managerialism itself has limited effect on labour arrangements. Workers’ hierarchies and cross-border networks are built on different principles from global supply chains. From within each network, it is as if the other were invisible.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 561-575
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126252
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vito Laterza
Author-X-Name-First: Vito
Author-X-Name-Last: Laterza
Title: Resilient Labour: Workplace Regimes, Globalisation and Enclave Development in Swaziland
Abstract: 
 Are new forms of foreign investment in Africa having a major impact on local workers? Are they significantly altering labour practices and conditions? I explore these questions with reference to Swaziland and the ethnography of labour relations in a Christian company town. A comparative perspective looking at the South African regional economy shows that the legacy of apartheid enclave development casts a shadow over workers’ futures. Economic dualism, characterised by cheap labour drawn from an ever expanding informal sector and reinforced by social, political and institutional factors, tends to neutralise the possibility of inclusive economic growth driven by foreign capital.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 576-590
Issue: 4
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1126250
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1126250
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandra Gartrell
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Gartrell
Author-Name: Megan G. Jennaway
Author-X-Name-First: Megan G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jennaway
Author-Name: Lenore Manderson
Author-X-Name-First: Lenore
Author-X-Name-Last: Manderson
Author-Name: Naomi Godden
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi
Author-X-Name-Last: Godden
Title: Making the Invisible Visible: Disability Inclusive Development in Solomon Islands
Abstract: 
 International and national level disability inclusive discourse, policy and strategy typically render invisible the institutional structures, political economies and socio-cultural power relations that constitute the lived experience of disability. The lack of robust information on disability extends these theoretical blind spots to the absence of disability in official statistics, political dialogue and social policy. Empirically grounded, inclusive research that recognises disability as embedded in globalised political economies and culturally specific power relations is required to address the theoretical, statistical and programmatic invisibility of disability. Such research will provide a solid knowledge base on which to build effective inclusive interventions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1389-1400
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1121238
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1121238
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:10:p:1389-1400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Olivera
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivera
Title: Welfare, Inequality and Financial Effects of a Multi-Pillar Pension Reform: The Case of Peru
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the potential effects of a multi-pillar pension system on pension inequality, actuarial liability and welfare in Peru, by means of simulations of future distributions of pensions with social security administrative records. The results show that actual pension inequality and actuarial liability can be substantially reduced with welfare preserving policies. The simulations illustrate that when welfare is considered, it is important to define the implied value judgments, which are not universally agreed upon. Therefore, this paper highlights the trade-offs of a pension policy reform and contributes to assess the second generation of pension reforms in Latin America.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1401-1414
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1121243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1121243
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandra Lancheros
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Lancheros
Title: Exports, Outward FDI and Technology Upgrading: Firm Level Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper evaluates the individual and combined effects of exporting and outward foreign direct investments (OFDI) on firms’ technology investments at home using firm-level data from the pharmaceutical industry in India. The analysis accounts for unobserved firm heterogeneity and the endogeneity of the choice of foreign market participation, and shows that exporting has been an important channel through which Indian multinational expansion has encouraged greater domestic technological activity. However, all else constant, higher levels of OFDI have rather acted as substitutes for such technological efforts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1415-1430
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139697
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139697
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:10:p:1415-1430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tran Toan Thang
Author-X-Name-First: Tran Toan
Author-X-Name-Last: Thang
Author-Name: Thi Song Hanh Pham
Author-X-Name-First: Thi Song Hanh
Author-X-Name-Last: Pham
Author-Name: Bradley R. Barnes
Author-X-Name-First: Bradley R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes
Title: Spatial Spillover Effects from Foreign Direct Investment in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the role of inter-firm interaction and geographical proximity in the determination of productivity spillover effects from foreign to domestic firms. We developed an estimation approach using the Spatial Durbin model and applied this to a firm-level dataset from Vietnam from 2000–2005. We found that productivity spillovers diminished when the distance between foreign and domestic firms increases and that interactions among local firms amplify the spillovers. Within short distances, the presence of foreign firms creates positive backward, negative forward and horizontal spillovers. Based on the findings, several implications are extracted regarding promotion policy for foreign direct investment in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1431-1445
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166205
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166205
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:10:p:1431-1445




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fleur Mercelis
Author-X-Name-First: Fleur
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercelis
Author-Name: Lore Wellens
Author-X-Name-First: Lore
Author-X-Name-Last: Wellens
Author-Name: Marc Jegers
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Jegers
Title: Beneficiary Participation in Non-Governmental Development Organisations: A Case Study in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Beneficiary participation in development projects has been an important topic of debate during the last decades. In the empirical research on the matter beneficiaries themselves are seldom, if ever, asked about their perceptions of participatory mechanisms in place. We present such a (case) study on the Vietnamese local office of a European non-governmental development organisation, also probing into other stakeholders’ perceptions (46 interviews in total). Our observations allow us to refine some aspects of the extant theoretical insights on beneficiary participation and representation, as well as to formulate some recommendations for organisations aiming at increasing beneficiary participation in their decision-making.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1446-1462
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166209
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:10:p:1446-1462




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mulubrhan Amare
Author-X-Name-First: Mulubrhan
Author-X-Name-Last: Amare
Author-Name: Lena Hohfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Lena
Author-X-Name-Last: Hohfeld
Title: Poverty Transition in Rural Vietnam: The Role of Migration and Remittances
Abstract: 
 This study combines insights of the New Economics of Labour Migration with the asset-based approach to welfare dynamics using panel household data from Vietnam. This method allows us to determine whether poverty transitions induced by remittances are actually structural, that is, based on asset growth and therefore long term, or stochastic, that is, based only on short-term increases in income, which implies a risk of falling back into poverty. To control for endogeneity of remittances, we use household fixed effects and instrumental variables estimation. The paper shows that remittances have a positive impact on asset growth and that the impact differs with welfare status and ethnicity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1463-1478
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1139696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1139696
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Midori Matsushima
Author-X-Name-First: Midori
Author-X-Name-Last: Matsushima
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Title: Impacts of Bribery in Healthcare in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 This study explores how bribery in the health sector is associated with people’s well-being and with universal health coverage. By using the data of Vietnam from 2011 and 2012, this study reveals a negative correlation between the prevalence of bribery and health outcomes and the health insurance coverage. Additionally, the results indicate that bribers feel neither cured of injury/disease nor satisfied with healthcare service quality. Furthermore, there is a significantly negative correlation between the belief of the necessity to give a bribe and the health insurance enrolment decision.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1479-1498
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1121241
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1121241
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:10:p:1479-1498




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asadul Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Asadul
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: Wang-Sheng Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Wang-Sheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Bureaucratic Corruption and Income: Evidence from the Land Sector in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 We examine, for the first time, the effects of corruption on income using household survey data from a developing country. Estimating the effects of corruption on income is challenging because of the simultaneous relationship between the two variables. We use a two-step instrumental variable approach to identify the effects of corruption on income. We find that after adjusting for simultaneity bias the act of bribery reduces income and that higher bribes have a negative effect on income. Taken together, our results provide a possible explanation why a vicious cycle between corruption and income inequality does not exist in the land sector in Bangladesh.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1499-1516
Issue: 10
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1146702
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1146702
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:10:p:1499-1516




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Salamat Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Salamat
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Title: Export Response to Technical Barriers to Trade: Firm-Level Evidence from Pakistan
Abstract: 
 This study empirically examines the responses of trade margins to a battery of technical barriers to trade (TBT) and explores the mechanism, drivers and speed of adjustment. It uses a highly-disaggregated transaction-level dataset of mango-exporting firms from Pakistan and exploits a quasi-natural experiment in the identification strategy. It finds that, following the application of TBT measures, exports increased along the intensive margins. The process of adjustment took around four years, and larger quantities as well as higher prices drive this effect. Moreover, firms shrink their client base in destination markets but ship large quantities to a few big retailers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 527-547
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385769
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Larochelle
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Larochelle
Author-Name: Jeffrey Alwang
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Alwang
Author-Name: Elli Travis
Author-X-Name-First: Elli
Author-X-Name-Last: Travis
Author-Name: Victor Hugo Barrera
Author-X-Name-First: Victor Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrera
Author-Name: Juan Manuel Dominguez Andrade
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Dominguez Andrade
Title: Did You Really Get the Message? Using Text Reminders to Stimulate Adoption of Agricultural Technologies
Abstract: 
 This article provides evidence from a randomised control trial conducted among potato farmers in Ecuador about the impact of mobile phone text messages on farmer knowledge about and adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Using psychological constructs, we examine competing explanations for non-standard decision-making leading to low adoption of beneficial agricultural technologies. Farmers who received text messages have significantly higher knowledge and are more likely to adopt most IPM practices than those in the control group. Findings provide evidence that text messages lead to behavioural changes by reducing inattention and sub-optimal heuristics in the face of complex decisions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 548-564
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1393522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1393522
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Donaubauer
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Donaubauer
Author-Name: Dierk Herzer
Author-X-Name-First: Dierk
Author-X-Name-Last: Herzer
Author-Name: Peter Nunnenkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunnenkamp
Title: The Effectiveness of Aid under Post-Conflict Conditions: A Sector-Specific Analysis
Abstract: 
 It is widely believed that foreign aid may help conflict-affected countries to recover after the termination of conflicts. However, the available empirical evidence supporting this view largely neglects the heterogeneous nature of aid. Drawing on the conflict database of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, we address the hypothesis that the effectiveness of post-conflict aid differs between specific sectors. Our focus is on social and economic infrastructure which is most likely to suffer during conflict episodes so that the need for aid is particularly pressing in this area. We find fairly robust evidence that post-conflict aid is effective in improving social infrastructure. In contrast, aid appears to be ineffective in improving economic infrastructure.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 720-736
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1400013
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1400013
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaisa Alavuotunki
Author-X-Name-First: Kaisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Alavuotunki
Author-Name: Mika Haapanen
Author-X-Name-First: Mika
Author-X-Name-Last: Haapanen
Author-Name: Jukka Pirttilä
Author-X-Name-First: Jukka
Author-X-Name-Last: Pirttilä
Title: The Effects of the Value-Added Tax on Revenue and Inequality
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of the introduction of the value-added tax on inequality and government revenues using newly released macro data. We present both conventional country fixed effect regressions and instrumental variable analyses, where VAT adoption is instrumented using the previous values of neighbouring countries’ VAT systems as an instrument. The results reveal – in contrast to earlier work – that the revenue consequences of the VAT have not been positive. The results indicate that income-based inequality has increased due to the VAT adoption, whereas consumption inequality has remained unaffected.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 490-508
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1400015
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1400015
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:490-508




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayako Ebata
Author-X-Name-First: Ayako
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebata
Author-Name: Silke Huettel
Author-X-Name-First: Silke
Author-X-Name-Last: Huettel
Title: The Effect of Value Chain Interventions for Staple Crops: Evidence from Small-Scale Farmers in Nicaragua
Abstract: 
 This paper quantitatively assesses the effect of value chain development projects on market linkages of small-scale farmers of a staple crop and agricultural income. We focus on Nicaraguan bean producers participating in a value chain development project. Using a panel data set, we apply difference-in-differences and instrumental variables estimators to identify causal effects of programme participation. We first quantify the positive direct effect of training on bean sales in terms of quantity and percentage of beans sold in linked markets. Second, we show that intensified commercialisation contributes to total agricultural income, suggesting a positive indirect effect of the intervention. Our results indicate that market linkage of smallholder farmers requires different sets of intervention tools than farm technical assistance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 581-596
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1408794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:581-596




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fleur Wouterse
Author-X-Name-First: Fleur
Author-X-Name-Last: Wouterse
Title: The Role of Empowerment in Agricultural Production: Evidence from Rural Households in Niger
Abstract: 
 We use new household and individual level WEAI data from the Tahoua region of Niger and estimate a variable coefficient Cobb-Douglas production function in which traditional inputs interact with two human capital variables – empowerment and formal education. Our estimation results reveal that human capital matters for productivity. So much so that it can be considered as technology-changing, significantly affecting a household’s production technology by enhancing returns to equipment. In fact, differentiating households by their status as dual or primary with only an adult female or male reveals that the productivity elasticity of empowerment is large for dual households in which women are the least empowered. Enhancing the empowerment of women in this group of households, by increasing their leadership skills or tenure security, would yield important productivity gains.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 565-580
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1408797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408797
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:565-580




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johannes Hoogeveen
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogeveen
Author-Name: Nga Thi Viet Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Nga Thi Viet
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Title: Statistics Reform in Africa: Aligning Incentives with Results
Abstract: 
 While there is a strong association between limited capacity and unavailability or production of low quality statistics in Africa, poor incentives are argued to be behind Africa’s statistical tragedy. The paper explores whether incentives of leaders and donors are aligned with the production of quality statistics and proposes six concrete ways to improve the current situation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 702-719
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1417583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1417583
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:702-719




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominik Balthasar
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Balthasar
Title: On the (In)Compatibility of Peace-Building and State-Making: Evidence from Somaliland
Abstract: 
 Although peace-building and state-building are increasingly used interchangeably – particularly in policy circles – historical and theoretical considerations call their presumed compatibility into question. Applying the analytical prism of ‘rule standardisation’, this article shows that the two processes exhibit fundamental differences in terms of accepting or abrogating institutional and identity plurality, which lies at the heart of peace-building and state-making respectively. With reference to the case of Somaliland, which is frequently lauded for its allegedly joint peace-building and state-making success, this study purports that the polity’s peacebuilding-statemaking nexus has been less marked by coexistence, cooperation, and certitude than by alterations, antagonisms, and ambiguities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 457-472
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1417586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1417586
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:457-472




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kai Barron
Author-X-Name-First: Kai
Author-X-Name-Last: Barron
Author-Name: Luis F. Gamboa
Author-X-Name-First: Luis F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gamboa
Author-Name: Paul Rodríguez-Lesmes
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Lesmes
Title: Behavioural Response to a Sudden Health Risk: Dengue and Educational Outcomes in Colombia
Abstract: 
 Epidemics tend to have a debilitating influence on the lives of directly afflicted families. However, the presence of an epidemic can also change the behaviour and outcomes of those not directly affected. This paper makes use of a short, sharp, unexpected epidemic to examine the behavioural response of the public to a sudden shift in the perceived risk to one’s health and mortality. Our analysis finds that unafflicted school students change their behaviour substantially, affecting important life outcomes. In particular, we find that between 1.9 and 4.7 fewer students, out of a typical cohort of 47 pupils, sit their school leaving examination for every additional 10 cases of severe Dengue per 10 000 inhabitants in a municipality. We rule out several possible mechanisms, leaving an increase in the salience of the disease’s risks as a plausible explanation for our findings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 620-644
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1425392
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1425392
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:620-644




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gimenez-Nadal
Author-Name: José Alberto Molina
Author-X-Name-First: José Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina
Author-Name: Edgar Silva-Quintero
Author-X-Name-First: Edgar
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva-Quintero
Title: On the Relationship between Violent Conflict and Wages in Colombia
Abstract: 
 We analyse how forced displacements caused by violent conflict are related to the wages of workers in Colombia. Using data from the Quality of Life Survey (2011–2014), we analyse the differences in wages between those forced by violence to move to other regions, and those who moved for other reasons. We apply Propensity Score Matching techniques to compare workers from the two groups, finding that forced displacement is related to decreases of between 10 and 29 per cent in the wages of males, and between 18 and 37 per cent in the wages of females, relative to their counterparts. Thus, forced displacements are related to poorer labour market outcomes in terms of wages.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 473-489
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1425393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1425393
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:473-489




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger
Author-Name: Fang Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Fang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Author-Name: Stein Holden
Author-X-Name-First: Stein
Author-X-Name-Last: Holden
Title: Gendered Incidence and Impacts of Tenure Insecurity on Agricultural Performance in Malawi’s Customary Tenure System
Abstract: 
 Malawi’s recent passage of Land Acts provide an opportunity to clarify different aspects of the country’s land tenure in an integrated way. To assess whether doing so might be economically justified, we explore incidence and impact of tenure insecurity among smallholders. Insecurity is not only widespread, with 22 per cent of land users being concerned about losing their land, but is also associated with a productivity loss of 9 per cent for female operators, equivalent to US$ 11 million per year at the national level, enough to pay for a nation-wide tenureregularisation programme in two to three years.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 597-619
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1425395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1425395
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:597-619




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wim Marivoet
Author-X-Name-First: Wim
Author-X-Name-Last: Marivoet
Author-Name: Tom De Herdt
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: De Herdt
Title: What Happens with Household Assets during Economic Collapse? The Case of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1975–2010)
Abstract: 
 Many Congolese seem to have withstood their country’s protracted economic crisis relatively well, despite its length and severity. This study analyses whether and to what extent this livelihood paradox can be explained by a strategy of asset depletion. In general, this strategy seems not to have played an important role. Marked reductions in household asset stock were limited to some secondary urban centres. Explanations for this strategy’s limited reach point to a much richer set of asset coping mechanisms which households may have developed regarding assets in times of hardship, and to a concomitant shortage of research strategies to take due account of these.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 680-701
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1448065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1448065
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivar Kolstad
Author-X-Name-First: Ivar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolstad
Author-Name: Arne Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Title: How Does Information About Elite Tax Evasion Affect Political Participation: Experimental Evidence from Tanzania
Abstract: 
 We present results of a randomised field experiment where voters in Tanzania were given information about elite use of tax havens. Information provided in a neutral form had no effect, while information phrased in more morally charged terms led to a reduction in voting intentions. Rather than increase the perceived importance of voting, charged information tends to undermine confidence in political institutions and the social contract. The effects are particularly pronounced among the less well off, indicating that increased transparency in the absence of perceived agency may not improve political participation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 509-526
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1448067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1448067
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timothy P. Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: The Things They Learned: Aspiration, Uncertainty, and Schooling in Rwanda’s Developmental State
Abstract: 
 The role of formal education in the reproduction of inequalities is well documented. Less clear is how this lens can be applied to a study of post-conflict state-building. The present study pairs policy analysis with student-centred ethnographic fieldwork to examine education policy in Rwanda. Since the end of the genocide, the government has staked its claim to legitimacy in delivering inclusive development. Its basic education policy is an entitlement programme with broad public support and designed to allow all children to attend primary and secondary school. Students found themselves caught up in a web of contradictions with important symbolic and material dimensions. They went to schools designed to improve access for the poor. But they were also poor schools, lacking in quality and associated with failure. The country’s switch from French to English was bound up in alliances of domestic power that further undermined effective teaching and learning. The basic education policy intended to highlight the government’s commitment to deliver development to all. But in absence of a sustained and effective strategy to improve quality, young people felt excluded from meaningful engagement in the education system. Whether the basic education policy constitutes inclusive development is therefore debatable.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 645-660
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1453602
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1453602
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:645-660




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jieun Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Jieun
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Dong-Eun Rhee
Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Eun
Author-X-Name-Last: Rhee
Author-Name: Robert Rudolf
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Rudolf
Title: Teacher Gender, Student Gender, and Primary School Achievement: Evidence from Ten Francophone African Countries
Abstract: 
 Using an exceptionally rich, standardised education assessment dataset comprising over 1800 primary schools and 31,000 grade six students from 10 francophone Western and Central African countries, this study analyses the relationship between teacher gender, student gender, and student achievement. Findings indicate that, for girls, being taught by a female teacher increases math and reading performance. For boys, however, teacher gender has no effect. Similar, but less strong effects are also found for subject appreciation. Moreover, traditional academic gender stereotypes remain prevalent among both male and female teachers. Our findings suggest that hiring more female teachers in the region can reduce educational gender gaps without hurting boys.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 661-679
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1453604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1453604
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:4:p:661-679




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna
Author-Name: Sarah Nolan
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Nolan
Title: Synthetic Fathers and Real Consequences: Social Mobility Research in Transition
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 737-742
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1549787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1549787
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Cassani
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassani
Title: Organizing Democracy: How International Organizations Assist New Democracies
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 743-744
Issue: 4
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1553126
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1553126
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanne Blauw
Author-X-Name-First: Sanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Blauw
Author-Name: Philip Hans Franses
Author-X-Name-First: Philip Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Franses
Title: Off the Hook: Measuring the Impact of Mobile Telephone Use on Economic Development of Households in Uganda using Copulas
Abstract: 
 It is now widely understood that mobile phone use has beneficial effects on development in developing countries, but little is known about the effects at the household level. We examine the impact of mobile telephone use on household income using a unique cross-sectional data set from Uganda. We use a novel econometric technique to handle endogeneity, which models the correlation between the endogenous regressor and the error term with copulas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the copula method has been applied in the economic development literature. We find a positive impact of mobile phone use on income.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 315-330
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1056783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1056783
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Néstor Gandelman
Author-X-Name-First: Néstor
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandelman
Title: Inter-Generational Effects of Titling Programmes: Physical vs. Human Capital
Abstract: 
 Programmes aimed at giving legal ownership titles to the occupants of land (‘titling programmes’) are associated with an income (or wealth) effect that induce higher expenditure on normal goods like education and health services. There is also a substitution effect: the elimination of expropriation risk makes home investment more attractive and increases the ‘opportunity cost’ of other forms of spending. The net effect on human capital is ambiguous. Using data from a natural experiment in Uruguay we find that titling favours home investment to the detriment of some dimensions of human capital investment for children of 16 and under.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 331-342
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1075977
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1075977
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Handschuch
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Handschuch
Author-Name: Meike Wollni
Author-X-Name-First: Meike
Author-X-Name-Last: Wollni
Title: Traditional Food Crop Marketing in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does Gender Matter?
Abstract: 
 The present study aims to contribute to the scarce literature on traditional food crop marketing by analysing the factors influencing (a) the household’s decision to participate in the market and (b) the selling prices obtained by the household. Using an econometric approach, we analyse household data from 270 finger millet producers in western Kenya. A main focus of the study lies on the role of gender and farmer group participation. Results show that group membership increases the probability of market participation and is of particular importance for female farmers, who obtain higher selling prices when participating in a group.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 343-359
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1068289
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1068289
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mintewab Bezabih
Author-X-Name-First: Mintewab
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezabih
Author-Name: Stein Holden
Author-X-Name-First: Stein
Author-X-Name-Last: Holden
Author-Name: Andrea Mannberg
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Mannberg
Title: The Role of Land Certification in Reducing Gaps in Productivity between Male- and Female-Owned Farms in Rural Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the impact of a low-cost land certification programme on the productivity of female-headed households. The hypotheses tested in the paper emphasise on the interaction between the constraints that female-headed households face in terms of insecure land tenure, lack of productive resources and suboptimal land market participation, on the one hand, and the tenure security benefits of certification on the other. Our findings show that land certification has a positive effect on land market participation and productivity. Our analysis also suggests higher marginal effects of certification on female-headed households’ productivity, compared to the male ones.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 360-376
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1081175
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1081175
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muntaha Rakib
Author-X-Name-First: Muntaha
Author-X-Name-Last: Rakib
Author-Name: Julia Anna Matz
Author-X-Name-First: Julia Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Matz
Title: The Impact of Shocks on Gender-differentiated Asset Dynamics in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 This study investigates changes in assets owned by the household head, his spouse, or jointly in response to shocks in rural agricultural households in Bangladesh with household survey panel data. Looking at changes within households over time, we find that weather shocks adversely affect the asset holdings of household heads relatively strongly, while predicted negative shocks more strongly lead to assets of both spouses being drawn down. The results, furthermore, suggest that jointly owned assets are not easily sold in response to shocks, and that women’s asset holdings and coping strategies are shaped by their lower involvement in agriculture.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 377-395
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1093117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1093117
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:3:p:377-395




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin Kagin
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kagin
Author-Name: J. Edward Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: J. Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Author-Name: Antonio Yúnez-Naude
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Yúnez-Naude
Title: Inverse Productivity or Inverse Efficiency? Evidence from Mexico
Abstract: 
 Using a unique panel data set from rural Mexico, we find strong evidence of a negative relationship between farm size and both productivity and technical efficiency: large farms not only have a lower value of output per hectare than small farms, they also produce further from the efficiency frontier. Our findings suggest that, in spite of the ongoing transformation of agricultural supply chains and economists’ recommendations for small farmers to exit crop production, there may be sustained advantages for smallholder farms. Our analysis offers new insights into inverse-farm size relationship, the productivity–efficiency relationship, and the use of stochastic frontier techniques.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 396-411
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1041515
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1041515
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:3:p:396-411




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Denis Medvedev
Author-X-Name-First: Denis
Author-X-Name-Last: Medvedev
Author-Name: Ana María Oviedo
Author-X-Name-First: Ana María
Author-X-Name-Last: Oviedo
Title: Informality and Profitability: Evidence from a New Firm Survey in Ecuador
Abstract: 
 This article estimates the impact of informality on profits using a new survey administered to 1,200 firms with less than 50 employees in four cities in Ecuador. The article proposes a novel definition of informality which explicitly recognises that most firms comply with some regulations but not others. Accounting for firm selection and controlling for a large set of firm, owner and location characteristics, the article finds that more formal firms tend to be more profitable and have higher output per worker. This impact operates, inter alia, through improved access to credit and higher sales through issuance of tax receipts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 412-427
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1046442
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1046442
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quentin Stoeffler
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoeffler
Author-Name: Jeffrey Alwang
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Alwang
Author-Name: Bradford Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Bradford
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Author-Name: Nelson Taruvinga
Author-X-Name-First: Nelson
Author-X-Name-Last: Taruvinga
Title: Multidimensional Poverty in Crisis: Lessons from Zimbabwe
Abstract: 
 Zimbabwe experienced an acute social, political, and economic crisis from 2001 to 2008 and is now on a recovery path. This paper explores changes in poverty between 2001, 2007, and 2011–2012 using an Alkire–Foster multidimensional poverty index. Results indicate a large increase in poverty across multiple dimensions of household wellbeing between 2001 and 2007 (the start of the crisis peak), followed by a decrease in poverty between 2007 and 2011–2012, during the recovery period. Decomposition of the index shows significantly different trends in poverty dimensions over time with implications for short- and long-term social assistance policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 428-446
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1087511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1087511
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Feeny
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Feeny
Author-Name: Lachlan McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: Lachlan
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: Vulnerability to Multidimensional Poverty: Findings from Households in Melanesia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines vulnerability in two Melanesian small island developing states: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. With large proportions of the population living semi-subsistence lifestyles in rural areas, consumption poverty is notoriously difficult to measure. The paper therefore departs from the standard approach and assesses household vulnerability to multidimensional poverty. The paper employs cross-sectional data from a household survey. Results indicate that vulnerability is more widespread than poverty and that vulnerability stems more from excess volatility in expected wellbeing than a particularly low expected level of wellbeing, per se. Results point to a pressing need for formal social protection policies to be implemented.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 447-464
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1075974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1075974
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melanie Stroebel
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Stroebel
Title: Tourism in Africa: Harnessing Tourism for Growth and Improved Livelihoods, By I. Christie, E. Fernandes, H. Messerli and L. Twining-Ward
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 465-466
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1108721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1108721
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew W. MacDonald
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew W.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacDonald
Title: Inclusive Growth, Development and Welfare Policy: A Critical Assessment, Edited by Reza Hasmath
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 466-467
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1122900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1122900
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luigi Manzetti
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Manzetti
Title: Foreign and Domestic Investment in Argentina: The Politics of Privatized Infrastructure, By Alison E. Post
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 468-469
Issue: 3
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1122904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1122904
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:3:p:468-469




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaoke Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoke
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: State Structure, Societal Organisation, and Technology Policy: A Comparison of Three Asian Countries
Abstract: 
 While Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand have faced comparable innovation challenges over the past decades, they have responded to these challenges with divergent policy choices. More specifically, they have varied in the extent to which core technology policy instruments are integrated and state efforts to tackle innovation challenges are coupled with other socio-economic reforms and development strategies. To explain the variation, this article explores the ways in which socio-political institutions have interacted differently to shape the resolution of governance problems inherent in the making of innovation strategies and generate divergent technology policy processes and outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-25
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1563684
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1563684
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammad Nasir
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Nasir
Author-Name: Marc Rockmore
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Rockmore
Author-Name: Chih Ming Tan
Author-X-Name-First: Chih Ming
Author-X-Name-Last: Tan
Title: Do the Lessons From Micro-Conflict Literature Transfer to High Crime Areas?: Examining Mexico’s War on Drugs
Abstract: 
 Exposure to political violence has been found to affect behavioural parameters. The effects of high levels of criminal violence, however, are largely unknown. We examine the effects of Mexico’s war on drugs on risk aversion, mental health and pro-social behaviour. Using a nonlinear difference-in-differences (DiD) model, we find that the post 2006 surge in violence significantly increased risk aversion and reduced trust in civic institutions without any simultaneous strengthening of kinship relationships. Although the deterioration of mental health due to violence exposure has been hypothesised to explain changes in risk aversion, we find no such effect.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 26-44
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1400016
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1400016
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Bell
Author-X-Name-First: Clive
Author-X-Name-Last: Bell
Author-Name: Susanne van Dillen
Author-X-Name-First: Susanne
Author-X-Name-Last: van Dillen
Title: Kinship, Caste, and Health: Illness and Treatment in Upland Orissa
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates whether an individual’s relationship to the head of household and caste are associated with the level of his or her morbidity and, in the event of illness, the treatment received. Surveys of 279 households drawn from 30 villages in a region of upland Orissa were conducted in 2010 and 2013, yielding an unbalanced panel of 1578 individuals, 1077 of whom were present in both years. Whether judged by morbidity as the final outcome or two measures of treatment in the event of sickness, there is no evidence that female kin fared worse than their male counterparts – except in the inherent difference arising from pregnancy. The upcoming generations of children and grandchildren enjoyed better outcomes, regardless of their sex and controlling for age. Members of the Other Backward Caste group enjoyed both better chances of getting treated in a hospital and lower morbidity than their Scheduled Tribe and Scheduled Caste counterparts. Viewed overall, the treatment an individual received depended rather on the characteristics of the family’s village – its topography and its place within the network of health facilities and all-weather roads.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 45-62
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1546846
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1546846
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kazuya Masuda
Author-X-Name-First: Kazuya
Author-X-Name-Last: Masuda
Author-Name: Chikako Yamauchi
Author-X-Name-First: Chikako
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamauchi
Title: How Does Female Education Reduce Adolescent Pregnancy and Improve Child Health?: Evidence from Uganda’s Universal Primary Education for Fully Treated Cohorts
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of female education on adolescent fertility, the health status of their children, and the mechanism through which education affects these outcomes. To address the endogeneity of educational attainment, we utilise Universal Primary Education policy (UPE) in Uganda. Education is instrumented by the interaction between across-cohorts differences in exposure to UPE and the differences in its effective benefits across districts with varying pre-programme rates of completing primary education. We particularly focus on the fully treated cohorts whose fees were abolished before they entered school. Results show that attending an additional year of schooling reduces the probability of marriage and that of giving birth before age 18 by 7.0–7.2 percentage points. Among those who become mothers, educated women use maternal care and infant immunisation more often, and had lower probability that their child dies before 18 months after birth. These effects are likely to arise because educated women tend to be literate and prefer to have fewer children. They exhibit better knowledge about reproductive issues. Weak evidence is found for an increase in the probability of working in the non-agricultural sector. No evidence is, however, found for assortative mating, and evidence for improved bargaining power is mixed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 63-86
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1546844
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1546844
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katalin Buzasi
Author-X-Name-First: Katalin
Author-X-Name-Last: Buzasi
Author-Name: Thu Hien Vu
Author-X-Name-First: Thu Hien
Author-X-Name-Last: Vu
Title: Are Recent Improvements in Healthcare Utilisation and Under-Five Mortality Inclusive in Kenya? Evidence Based on Selected Indicators from the Demographic and Health Surveys
Abstract: 
 The aim of this study is to investigate how the poor, relative to the wealthier, benefitted from recent improvements in health insurance coverage, maternity care utilisation (modern contraceptive use, antenatal care visits, facility delivery, and skilled birth attendants), and under-five mortality in Kenya. The analysis relies on the latest two waves of the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey and a theoretical framework with three different inclusiveness (pro-poorness) concepts. Our results are quite robust to pro-poorness concepts and poverty definitions. The main result is that the poor experienced larger improvements in all investigated health aspects compared to the rich (irrespective of the poverty concept) when changes are measured in relative terms. When we investigate changes in absolute terms, we find a similar pattern, except in the case of health insurance coverage and the presence of a skilled birth attendant during delivery. Our analysis is expected to inform policy-making aiming to achieve universal health coverage.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 87-111
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1554209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1554209
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neha Hui
Author-X-Name-First: Neha
Author-X-Name-Last: Hui
Author-Name: Uma S. Kambhampati
Author-X-Name-First: Uma S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kambhampati
Title: Stigma and Labour Market Outcomes: Sex Work and Domestic Work in India
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we examine whether the earnings of sex workers in India are significantly different from those in domestic work, a trade that is also gendered in nature and can be done with similarly low levels of training and education. We analyse this using data collected during fieldwork in the cities of Kolkata and Delhi in India. Our results confirm that there is a significant difference in wages between the two groups of workers. We consider the extent to which the stigma attached to sex work contributes to the higher wages in this occupation relative to domestic work. To do this, we control for endogeneity caused by selection on unobservables. We find that stigma is a significant contributory factor to the wage differential. We also preliminarily consider an alternate explanation – that of violence in the trade. We find that the experience of violence in the trade does not affect the take home earnings of the individuals.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 112-128
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1564906
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1564906
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elie Murard
Author-X-Name-First: Elie
Author-X-Name-Last: Murard
Title: On the Joint Consumption and Labour Supply Effects of Migration on those Left Behind
Abstract: 
 Previous literature has investigated the effect of migration on remaining household members’ consumption or labour supply, but has rarely examined them jointly. When migration increases consumption but reduces leisure time, one needs a specific framework to draw a conclusion about the overall impact on welfare. I propose such a new approach and test its theoretical implications using household panel data from rural Mexico. The results reveal that adjusting for leisure costs reduces the net welfare gain of migration by one fourth relative to what the consumption gain would suggest.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 129-150
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1573316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1573316
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:1:p:129-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Serena Masino
Author-X-Name-First: Serena
Author-X-Name-Last: Masino
Author-Name: Miguel Niño-Zarazúa
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Niño-Zarazúa
Title: Improving Financial Inclusion through the Delivery of Cash Transfer Programmes: The Case of Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera Programme
Abstract: 
 This paper follows a quasi-experimental research design to assess the impact of the electronic payment system of Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera (POP) programme. The switch from cash payments to electronic payments delivered via savings accounts is found to have medium-term effects on savings decisions, transaction costs, and coping strategies. Overall, the study finds that, following the intervention, a substitution effect emerged between saving portfolio choices, with the poor favouring bank accounts over informal saving arrangements. It also found that the Oportunidades savings account led to an increase in remittance reception, which in turn had important implications for household consumption smoothing and risk management decisions. The study also reveals impact heterogeneity depending on household composition and the rural-urban divide, with important implications for replicability of similar policy innovations in other countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 151-168
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1546845
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1546845
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:1:p:151-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita K. Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: Rita K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida
Author-Name: Ana M. Fernandes
Author-X-Name-First: Ana M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes
Author-Name: Mariana Viollaz
Author-X-Name-First: Mariana
Author-X-Name-Last: Viollaz
Title: Software Adoption, Employment Composition, and the Skill Content of Occupations in Chilean Firms
Abstract: 
 We contribute to the technology, skills, and jobs debate by exploiting a novel dataset for Chilean firms between 2007 and 2013, with information on the firms’ adoption of complex software used in client management, production, or administration and business software packages. Instrumental variables estimates show that, in the medium-run, adoption of this complex software reallocates employment away from professional and technical workers, toward administrative and unskilled workers (production and services). Adoption also increases the use of routine and manual tasks and reduces that of abstract tasks within firms. The contrast between ours and previous findings shows that labour market impacts of technology adoption hinge on the type of technology and its complementarity with the skills content of occupations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 169-185
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1546847
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1546847
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Manda
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Manda
Author-Name: A. Tallontire
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tallontire
Author-Name: A. J. Dougill
Author-X-Name-First: A. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dougill
Title: Business ‘Power of Presence’: Foreign Capital, Industry Practices, and Politics of Sustainable Development in Zambian Agriculture
Abstract: 
 Sustainable Development Goals have brought optimism around ‘agriculture for development’ but also questioned agribusinesses in sustainable development. This paper assesses how an agribusiness’ power exploits domains to exert control over industry governance. Using interviews and group discussions from three smallholder outgrower schemes under Illovo Sugar Plc in Zambia, the paper demonstrates that corporations can deploy the ‘power of presence’ to influence national policy development, and sustainability in regional and local practices. Investment and trade policies currently foster agribusinesses but overlook environmental assessments that expose social and ecological contradictions such as on competing water uses. State-donor relations enable smallholder integration in sugarcane as poverty reduction whilst agribusinesses are limiting their participation through controls on resources and production systems. By analysing power expressions, we show how possibilities of sustainable agriculture and rural development are undermined by agribusiness practices. We suggest that current policy efforts around ‘agriculture for development’ in Zambia are about entrenching power and interests of an agribusiness, neglecting industry expansion and sustainability. The paper highlights the limits and importance of domestic institutions in framing large-scale agricultural investments as well as mediating corporate practices that will be required to provide a greater focus on national planning processes for sustainable agriculture and rural development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 186-204
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1554212
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1554212
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:1:p:186-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeroen Klomp
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Klomp
Title: Election or Disaster Support?
Abstract: 
 In this study, I explore whether the public spending provided in response to a natural disaster is affected by upcoming elections. The theory on retrospective voting argues that politicians are kept responsible by the electorate for the damage caused by a natural catastrophe. At the same time, voters reward government officials when they react promptly by taking actions that limit the negative consequences. Thus, disaster support in the aftermath might not always only be provided to improve the economic situation after a disaster, but also for political purposes. My estimates seem to confirm this idea since roughly 10 per cent of the disaster related public spending provided in an election year is attributed to rent seeking rather than need. It turns out that the existence of these election cycles can partly be explained by cross-country differences. For instance, elections have a stronger effect in countries that are characterised by fewer checks and balances, presidential system and majority elections. One interesting result is that the role of media in electoral manipulation changes when a disaster has happened in the year before.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 205-220
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1585811
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1585811
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:1:p:205-220




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lipton
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton
Title: How Lives Change: Palanpur, India, and Development Economics
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 221-222
Issue: 1
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1666460
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1666460
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xinshen Diao
Author-X-Name-First: Xinshen
Author-X-Name-Last: Diao
Author-Name: Eduardo Magalhaes
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Magalhaes
Author-Name: Margaret Mcmillan
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcmillan
Title: Understanding the Role of Rural Non-Farm Enterprises in Africa’s Economic Transformation: Evidence from Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Tanzania’s recent growth boom has been accompanied by a threefold increase in the share of the rural labour force working in nonfarm employment. Although households with nonfarm enterprises are less likely to be poor, a substantial fraction of these households fall below the poverty line. Heterogeneity in the labour productivity of rural nonfarm businesses calls for a two-pronged strategy for rural transformation. Relatively unproductive enterprises may be part of a poverty reduction strategy but should not be expected to contribute to employment and labour productivity growth. Failure to account for this heterogeneity is likely to lead to disappointing outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 833-855
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430766
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:833-855




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Kwame Yeboah
Author-X-Name-First: Felix Kwame
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeboah
Author-Name: Thomas S. Jayne
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayne
Title: Africa’s Evolving Employment Trends
Abstract: 
 Using nationally representative data from nine countries, we document demographic and employment trends in Africa’s workforce based on full-time labour equivalents (FTE). The FTE approach takes account of individuals’ multiple jobs throughout the year and is therefore likely to give more accurate estimates of the pace of structural transformation. Since 2000, Africa has experienced a sharp decline in the share of its labour force in farming. Because of the seasonal nature of farming, the share of the labour force remaining in farming is substantially lower using the FTE approach than when examined in terms of individuals’ primary sources of employment or total numbers of jobs. Using the FTE approach, the share of the labour force in farming ranges across the nine countries from 35 per cent in Ghana to 54 per cent in Rwanda. Employment in off-farm segments of agri-food systems is expanding rapidly in percentage terms, but in terms of absolute numbers, non-farm activities are by far the major source of employment outside of farming. Contrary to widespread perceptions, the mean age of adults engaged primarily in farming is not rising – in fact it is falling slightly in some countries and remains stable in most others. The pace at which the labour force is shifting out of agriculture is strongly and positively tied to the rate of lagged farm productivity growth. Given the unprecedented growth in the number of young Africans entering the labour market, an effective youth employment strategy in most African countries will rely on massive job expansion, which in turn will rely on the multiplier effects of agricultural productivity growth. Strategies that raise the returns to labour in farming therefore remain crucial for achieving rapid economic transformation and may constitute the core of effective youth employment strategies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 803-832
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430767
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430767
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:803-832




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William A. Masters
Author-X-Name-First: William A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Masters
Author-Name: Nathaniel Z. Rosenblum
Author-X-Name-First: Nathaniel Z.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenblum
Author-Name: Robel G. Alemu
Author-X-Name-First: Robel G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Alemu
Title: Agricultural Transformation, Nutrition Transition and Food Policy in Africa: Preston Curves Reveal New Stylised Facts
Abstract: 
 This paper uses a Preston Curve approach to test for changes over time in agriculture, nutrition and food policy, comparing national averages in Africa and elsewhere at each level of national income per capita from the 1990s to the 2010s. Our statistical tests and data visualisations reveal that, at each level of income, African countries have faster rural population growth, a larger share of workers in agriculture and lower agricultural labour productivity than countries elsewhere, with no significant shift in these patterns from the 1990s to the 2010s. In contrast, there have been structural shifts towards less child stunting everywhere, and towards more adult obesity in high-income countries. The overall pattern of African governments’ food policies and government expenditures have not shifted, however, as they continue price interventions and low investment levels characteristic of low-income countries around the world.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 788-802
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430768
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abena D. Oduro
Author-X-Name-First: Abena D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Oduro
Author-Name: Cheryl R. Doss
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Doss
Title: Changing Patterns of Wealth Distribution: Evidence from Ghana
Abstract: 
 A largely unexplored feature of structural transformation is the change in the composition of an economy’s asset holdings. In most poor economies, assets are concentrated in land. In rich economies, physical and human capital are more important. This paper focuses on the changes in the composition of household wealth and the share of assets owned by women in Ghana over two decades of relatively rapid growth and significant structural changes. We find that land’s share of household portfolios decreased and the share of financial assets increased. Women’s share of land, savings and business assets rose over the period.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 933-948
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430769
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:933-948




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerie Mueller
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller
Author-Name: Cheryl Doss
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl
Author-X-Name-Last: Doss
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing
Title: Youth Migration and Labour Constraints in African Agrarian Households
Abstract: 
 Using panel data from Ethiopia and Malawi, we investigate how youth migration affects household labour, hired labour demand, and income, and whether these effects vary by migrant sex and destination. Labour shortages arise from the migration of a head’s child. However, the migration of the head’s sons produces a greater burden, particularly on female heads/spouses (in Ethiopia) and brothers (in Malawi). Gains from migration in the form of increased total net income justify the increased labour efforts in Ethiopia. Weaker evidence suggests households in Malawi substitute hired for migrant family labour at the expense of total household net income.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 875-894
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430770
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430770
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:875-894




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francis Addeah Darko
Author-X-Name-First: Francis Addeah
Author-X-Name-Last: Darko
Author-Name: Amparo Palacios-Lopez
Author-X-Name-First: Amparo
Author-X-Name-Last: Palacios-Lopez
Author-Name: Talip Kilic
Author-X-Name-First: Talip
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilic
Author-Name: Jacob Ricker-Gilbert
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Ricker-Gilbert
Title: Micro-Level Welfare Impacts of Agricultural Productivity: Evidence from Rural Malawi
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the micro-level welfare impacts of agricultural productivity using a two-wave nationally representative, panel data from rural Malawi. Welfare is measured by various dimensions of poverty and food insecurity; and agricultural productivity is measured by maize yield and value of crop output per hectare. The poverty measures included per capita consumption expenditure, relative deprivation in terms of per capita consumption expenditure, poverty gap and severity of poverty; and the measures of food insecurity included caloric intake and relative deprivation in terms of caloric intake. Depending on the measure of welfare, the impact of agricultural productivity was estimated with a household fixed effects estimator, a two-part estimator or a correlated-random effect ordered probit estimator. The results indicate that growth in agricultural productivity has the expected welfare-improving effect. In terms of economic magnitude, however, both the direct effect and economy-wide spillover effect (in the non-farm sector) of a percentage increase in agricultural productivity on the poverty and food security measures are small. Efforts to effectively improve the welfare of rural agricultural households should therefore go beyond merely increasing agricultural (land) productivity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 915-932
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430771
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430771
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:915-932




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudia N. Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg
Author-Name: Brian Blankespoor
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Blankespoor
Author-Name: Harris Selod
Author-X-Name-First: Harris
Author-X-Name-Last: Selod
Title: Roads and Rural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 This paper assesses the relationship between access to markets and land cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa. Using a geo-referenced panel over four decades (1970–2010) during which the road network was significantly improved, we find a modest impact of improved market accessibility on local cropland expansion – especially in places that are exposed to better agricultural production conditions – as well as suggestive evidence of an increase in the local intensity of cultivation. Suggestive evidence of a positive association between improved market accessibility and local GDP growth beyond the impact of cropland expansion could reflect the stimulation of non-agricultural activities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 856-874
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430772
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:856-874




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas J. SITKO
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas J.
Author-X-Name-Last: SITKO
Author-Name: William J. BURKE
Author-X-Name-First: William J.
Author-X-Name-Last: BURKE
Author-Name: T. S. Jayne
Author-X-Name-First: T. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayne
Title: The Quiet Rise of Large-Scale Trading Firms in East and Southern Africa
Abstract: 
 The share of smallholder-produced maize sold to large-scale traders (LSTs) has increased from virtually nil 10 years ago to 12 per cent and 37 per cent in Zambia and Kenya, respectively. We examine the causes and consequences of this transformation. LST investment has responded to growing market demand as well as to changes in farm structure and has been especially prominent in areas where medium-scale farms are concentrated. After controlling for distances travelled and other factors, farmers selling to LSTs receive prices that are 4.9 per cent and 3.6 per cent higher than those offered by small-scale traders, and are more likely to access input credit, private extension services, and price information.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 895-914
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430773
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430773
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:5:p:895-914




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. S. Jayne
Author-X-Name-First: T. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayne
Author-Name: Jordan Chamberlin
Author-X-Name-First: Jordan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamberlin
Author-Name: Rui Benfica
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Benfica
Title: Africa’s Unfolding Economic Transformation
Abstract: 
 Despite the continued deep challenges that the region is facing, mounting evidence points to profound economic transformation in sub-Saharan Africa since the early 2000s. The contributions in this special issue highlight three aspects of Africa’s unfolding economic transformation since 2000: remarkable progress for the region as a whole, highly uneven progress across countries, and unresolved questions about the sustainability of the transformations. The drivers of the region’s economic transformations are diverse, and include improved governance, strong agricultural growth in some countries, employment expansion in informal rural off-farm activities, strong local and foreign investment, a period of high global commodity prices, and policy reforms undertaken in earlier decades. Agricultural growth, by expanding job opportunities in the non-farm sectors through multiplier effects, is likely to remain an important driver of continued transformation, though it will increasingly need to rely on productivity growth rather than area expansion.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 777-787
Issue: 5
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1430774
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430774
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kimty Seng
Author-X-Name-First: Kimty
Author-X-Name-Last: Seng
Title: Rethinking the Effects of Microcredit on Household Welfare in Cambodia
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the effects of microcredit on household welfare in terms of household expenditure per capita in Cambodia, with data from the Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey carried out in 2014. The analysis describes the effects via formal and informal lending sectors, accounting for endogenous selection bias arising from unobserved factors and for structural differences between borrowers and non-borrowers in terms of expenditure functions. The findings suggest that microcredit in both sectors reduces household expenditure.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1496-1512
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1299139
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1299139
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:9:p:1496-1512




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Faiz Ur Rehman
Author-X-Name-First: Faiz Ur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehman
Title: Does Military Intervention Reduce Violence? Evidence from Federally Administered Tribal Area of Pakistan (2001–2011)
Abstract: 
 After the incident of 11 September 2001, military intervention in the Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA) of Pakistan provides an exogenous shock to different types of violence. To evaluate the deterrence effect of the intervention on monthly tribal violence, I apply a difference-in-differences identification strategy which exploits within-districts variation in the outcome variable (violence) over time. The regression results show that military presence significantly deters tribal violence, that is, it decreases violent incidents by one to five per month. The deterrence effect varies within the given range due to different number of control districts and periods of analysis. These findings are statistically consistent with robustness and falsification tests.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1572-1592
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327659
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1327659
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:9:p:1572-1592




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Bauchet
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bauchet
Author-Name: Vance Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Vance
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Title: ROSCA Composition and Repayment: Evidence from Taiwanese Bidding ROSCAs
Abstract: 
 Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs) are widespread and remain a key financial management tool for poor individuals. We analyse data from Taiwanese bidding ROSCAs and focus on how social relationships within the group influence contribution behaviour and ROSCA failure. We find that less socially-connected participants were more likely to receive the pot early in the cycle, which increases their incentive to default, yet contrary to accepted wisdom groups including more outsiders were not more likely to experience repayment problems. Our results highlights how bidding ROSCAs can be a versatile device that provide profitable savings while allowing for emergency credit.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1483-1495
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1333107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1333107
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jérôme Valette
Author-X-Name-First: Jérôme
Author-X-Name-Last: Valette
Title: Do Migrants Transfer Productive Knowledge Back to Their Origin Countries?
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses whether international migrants contribute to increasing technological advances in developing countries by inducing a transfer of productive knowledge from developed countries back to migrants’ home countries. Using the Economic Complexity Index as a proxy for the amount of productive knowledge embedded in each countries and bilateral migrant stocks of 20 OECD destination countries, we show that international migration is a strong channel of technological transmission. Diasporas foster the local adoption of new technologies by connecting high technology countries with low ones, reducing the uncertainty surrounding their profitability. Our empirical results support the hypothesis that technological transfers are more likely to occur out of more technologically advanced destinations and when emigration rates are particularly high.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1637-1656
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1333109
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1333109
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajay Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Ajay
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Author-Name: Mousumi Das
Author-X-Name-First: Mousumi
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Title: Migrant Networks in the Urban Labour Market: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the informal channels of the job search process through migrant networks in the urban labour markets in developing countries. Using a novel approach and nationwide sample survey, we measure various aspects of migrant networks such as size, diversity, efficiency and experience content and estimate their effect on probability of employment. Our findings suggest that migrant stock (having experience content) has an inverted-U relationship with the probability of finding a job for a migrant. The share of employed workers in a migrant network (efficiency) and different origin identity (diversity) positively affect the employment outcome through weak ties. Further, the migrant network effect is more active in larger cities as compared to smaller urban areas. The implications of this study indicate towards the importance of non-market informal channels in job searches and the need for integrating labour markets to harness the benefits of larger positive network externalities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1593-1611
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1342815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1342815
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammad Masood Azeem
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Masood
Author-X-Name-Last: Azeem
Author-Name: Amin W. Mugera
Author-X-Name-First: Amin W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mugera
Author-Name: Steven Schilizzi
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Schilizzi
Title: Vulnerability to Multi-Dimensional Poverty: An Empirical Comparison of Alternative Measurement Approaches
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates whether different measures of ex-post poverty and ex-ante vulnerability to poverty provide consistent estimates of poverty and vulnerability to poverty across households. Moreover, if there is some heterogeneity in the identification of households as poor and vulnerable, it investigates the degree of mismatch between measures? The ex-post monetary poverty (MP) and multidimensional poverty (MDP) measures are used to identify poor households. Likewise, the ex-ante vulnerability to monetary poverty (VMP) and vulnerability to multidimensional poverty (VMDP) measures are used to identify vulnerable households. Using a large household survey data-set of about 90,000 households from the Punjab province of Pakistan, we find that most of the vulnerable households are accurately identified by the ex-ante measures of vulnerability to poverty. However, the ex-post measures of poverty identify different households as poor. Our results show that 18 percent households experiencing MDP are not captured by the one-dimensional measure of MP. The important implication of this study is that the choice of measures does matter in ex-post poverty identification, but not as much in the identification of ex-ante vulnerability to poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1612-1636
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1344646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1344646
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gitanjali Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Gitanjali
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Author-Name: Sankar De
Author-X-Name-First: Sankar
Author-X-Name-Last: De
Title: How Much Does Having a Bank Account Help the Poor?
Abstract: 
 Having a bank account is widely regarded as the first step toward financial inclusion of the poor. Funds deposited in a bank account are also observed to lead to higher savings. Exploiting special features of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) of India, our estimates indicate that households that receive NREGS wages through a bank do not appear to spend more on education than other comparable households that receive cash payment. The district level intention to treat specification produces similar results. The findings suggest that the rural poor face constraints in accessing their bank accounts due to financial illiteracy and other problems.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1551-1571
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1355455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1355455
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frédéric Docquier
Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric
Author-X-Name-Last: Docquier
Author-Name: Ilse Ruyssen
Author-X-Name-First: Ilse
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruyssen
Author-Name: Maurice Willy Schiff
Author-X-Name-First: Maurice Willy
Author-X-Name-Last: Schiff
Title: International Migration: Pacifier or Trigger for Military Conflicts?
Abstract: 
 Whereas the impact of trade relations on conflict has been studied extensively, this is not the case for the impact of international migration. The latter might influence the size of expected costs and benefits, and hence the likelihood of military conflict between countries. In this paper, we discuss the channels through which bilateral migration can affect the prevalence of interstate military conflict. We then estimate migration’s impact on conflict using bilateral panel data between 1960–2000. We find evidence of a positive and robust impact of South-North and South-South migration on the occurrence of conflict. These effects are even larger when we control for potential endogeneity using a GMM approach.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1657-1679
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1355456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1355456
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralitza Dimova
Author-X-Name-First: Ralitza
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova
Author-Name: Olabimtan Adebowale
Author-X-Name-First: Olabimtan
Author-X-Name-Last: Adebowale
Title: Does Access to Formal Finance Matter for Welfare and Inequality? Micro Level Evidence from Nigeria
Abstract: 
 Using a treatment effects model, decomposition techniques and representative household data from Nigeria, we study the welfare and inequality implications of access to formal finance. While improving household welfare, formal access to finance increases inter-household inequalities, despite ameliorating the inequality enhancing effect of urban residence and enhancing the inequality ameliorating effect of greater educational attainment. The positive effect of access to formal finance on inequality is smaller than the effect of unobserved household characteristics, indicating that welfare and equality enhancing strategies should follow a holistic approach as opposed to one focusing on one isolated policy variable at a time.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1534-1550
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1371293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1371293
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen B. DeLoach
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen B.
Author-X-Name-Last: DeLoach
Author-Name: Marquessa Smith-Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Marquessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith-Lin
Title: The Role of Savings and Credit in Coping with Idiosyncratic Household Shocks
Abstract: 
 This study examines the effect of access to formal banking services on households’ ability to smooth consumption in response to illness of adult workers. The institutional peculiarities of Indonesia’s largest commercial bank are exploited to separately estimate the effects of access to formal credit from savings. The means by which households smooth consumption differs depending on their access to formal services. Those with access to formal credit increase borrowing from banks, while those with access only to formal savings, but not credit, draw down on savings. Households without access to formal banking services end up liquidating productive assets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1513-1533
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1380795
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380795
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuan Anh Nguyen-Viet
Author-X-Name-First: Tuan Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen-Viet
Author-Name: Masami Imai
Author-X-Name-First: Masami
Author-X-Name-Last: Imai
Title: The Effects of Ethnic Chinese Minority on Vietnam’s Regional Economic Development in the Post-Vietnam War Period
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of the Hoa, an ethnically Chinese, economically dominant minority, on regional economic development in Vietnam. To address the endogeneity of the geographical distribution of the Hoa, we use an important historical episode: the rapid deterioration in Sino-Vietnamese diplomatic relationship that led many ethnic Chinese to flee abroad, particularly to the refugee camps in the Guangxi province of China, in 1979. We find that the effects of proximity to the refugee camps on the share of ethnic Chinese in 1989 were more pronounced for provinces that had a larger presence of the ethnic Chinese population in 1979. We also find strong correlations between the 1989 share of ethnic Chinese (instrumented) and contemporary indicators of economic performance. The results suggest that the ethnic Chinese minority had positive economic impacts on Vietnam’s regional economies and that the post-Vietnam War exodus of ethnic Chinese was likely to have had long-term negative economic impacts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1680-1697
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1393523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1393523
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Averi Chakrabarti
Author-X-Name-First: Averi
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakrabarti
Title: Female Land Ownership and Fertility in Nepal
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the association between female land ownership and fertility in Nepal using propensity score methods. A female land owner is found to have an average of 0.26–0.47 fewer children than her non-owner counterpart. Such negative female land-fertility trends are observed for women in different age groups. Evidence indicates that female land ownership promotes women’s wealth and decision-making authority, which could be the pathways through which their fertility is influenced. These findings imply that female land ownership could have substantial welfare benefits for women and population implications for countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1698-1715
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1400017
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1400017
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ela Drążkiewicz
Author-X-Name-First: Ela
Author-X-Name-Last: Drążkiewicz
Title: Legacies of Socialist Solidarity: East Germany in Mozambique by Tanja R. Müller Lanham, Lexington Books, 2014, 232 pp., $95.00, ISBN 978-0-7391-7942-0
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1716-1717
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1452134
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1452134
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krisztina Pusok
Author-X-Name-First: Krisztina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pusok
Title: Water and Politics: Clientelism and Reform in Urban Mexico by Veronica Herrera Michigan, University of Michigan Press, 2017, 280 pp., $59.95, ISBN 978-0-472-12272-1
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1717-1718
Issue: 9
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1452135
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1452135
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Poppe
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Poppe
Author-Name: Markus Frölich
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Frölich
Author-Name: Getinet Haile
Author-X-Name-First: Getinet
Author-X-Name-Last: Haile
Title: School Meals and Educational Outcomes in Rural Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We investigate the relationship between providing school meals programmes and educational outcomes in Ethiopia. Using data from school catchment areas across rural Ethiopia, the paper examines the role played by programme modalities and their implementation. The results indicate that supplementing on-site school meals with take-home rations can be beneficial for concentration, reading, writing and arithmetic skills. The timing of the distribution of school meals is also found to play an important role.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1741-1756
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1311405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1311405
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sunil Mitra Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Mitra
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Author-Name: Ragupathy Venkatachalam
Author-X-Name-First: Ragupathy
Author-X-Name-Last: Venkatachalam
Title: Caste and Credit: A Woeful Tale?
Abstract: 
 This paper examines caste-based differences in farmers’ access to bank loans in rural India. We investigate whether banks practice taste-based discrimination on the basis of caste. In order to identify potential discrimination, we consider loan applications and approval decisions separately. We find significant inter-caste differences in application rates, and evidence of discrimination against Scheduled Tribe borrowers at the approval stage. To rule out the role of statistical discrimination, we simulate unobserved credit histories with various distributions. Evidence for taste-based discrimination persists despite accounting for unobservables. However, we find that this discrimination does not affect small farmers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1816-1833
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1425397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1425397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammad Masood Azeem
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Masood
Author-X-Name-Last: Azeem
Author-Name: Amin W. Mugera
Author-X-Name-First: Amin W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mugera
Author-Name: Steven Schilizzi
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Schilizzi
Title: Do Social Protection Transfers Reduce Poverty and Vulnerability to Poverty in Pakistan? Household Level Evidence from Punjab
Abstract: 
 Empirical studies in different developing countries have investigated the impact of social protection (SP) on ex-post poverty; however, few studies analysed the impact of SP on ex-ante vulnerability to poverty (VtP). This paper contributes to the literature by evaluating the impact of SP on vulnerability to poverty (VtP) and poverty rates among households in the Punjab province of Pakistan. A hierarchical modelling approach is used to analyse the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-2011) data of about 90,000 households. Matching methods and simultaneous endogenous switching regression are used to control for potential selection bias and estimate average treatment effects. Our results show that SP has a positive impact in reducing household poverty and VtP, but this impact is mainly driven by a short-term flood relief cash transfer programme, pension of government employees and households’ regular purchase from utility store network.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1757-1783
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1448068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1448068
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lu Gram
Author-X-Name-First: Lu
Author-X-Name-Last: Gram
Author-Name: Joanna Morrison
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison
Author-Name: Naomi Saville
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi
Author-X-Name-Last: Saville
Author-Name: Shyam Sundar Yadav
Author-X-Name-First: Shyam Sundar
Author-X-Name-Last: Yadav
Author-Name: Bhim Shrestha
Author-X-Name-First: Bhim
Author-X-Name-Last: Shrestha
Author-Name: Dharma Manandhar
Author-X-Name-First: Dharma
Author-X-Name-Last: Manandhar
Author-Name: Anthony Costello
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Costello
Author-Name: Jolene Skordis-Worrall
Author-X-Name-First: Jolene
Author-X-Name-Last: Skordis-Worrall
Title: Do Participatory Learning and Action Women’s Groups Alone or Combined with Cash or Food Transfers Expand Women’s Agency in Rural Nepal?
Abstract: 
 Participatory learning and action women’s groups (PLA) have proven effective in reducing neonatal mortality in rural, high-mortality settings, but their impacts on women’s agency in the household remain unknown. Cash transfer programmes have also long targeted female beneficiaries in the belief that this empowers women. Drawing on data from 1309 pregnant women in a four-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial in Nepal, we found little evidence for an impact of PLA alone or combined with unconditional food or cash transfers on women’s agency in the household. Caution is advised before assuming PLA women’s groups alone or with resource transfers necessarily empower women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1670-1686
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1448069
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1448069
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco J. Haenssgen
Author-X-Name-First: Marco J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Haenssgen
Title: Manifestations, Drivers, and Frictions of Mobile Phone Use in Low- and Middle-Income Settings: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Rural India and China
Abstract: 
 Against the backdrop of alleged mobile phone ubiquity and the enthusiasm about the developmental value of mobile technology, this paper examines the manifestations, drivers, and frictions of mobile phone use in two low- and middle-income settings where mobile technology has diffused rapidly. Qualitative data from 231 participants and survey data from 800 adults in rural Rajasthan and Gansu provide consistent and strong support for the claim that the notion of ‘ubiquity’ can mislead development practice because it obscures persistent non-use, under-utilisation, and heterogeneous engagement with mobile technology despite its apparently wide accessibility in rural field sites. The paper suggests avenues for further work on the indicators of technology adoption, and it cautions that phone-based development interventions (and their benefits) may diffuse unevenly if the assumption of ubiquitous technology use is violated.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1834-1858
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1453605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1453605
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Smriti Tiwari
Author-X-Name-First: Smriti
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiwari
Title: Long-Term Effects of Temporary Income Shocks on Food Consumption and Subjective Well-Being
Abstract: 
 A national level unconditional cash transfer programme, Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT), in Indonesia allows an empirical assessment on whether there are long-term benefits in terms of food consumption and overall well-being. The results show that a positive albeit temporary income shock increases the quantity of food consumed by the poorest households and the overall subjective well-being among the poorest recipients. It is also found that poor households are more likely to invest in farm and non-farm businesses, which in turn helps them sustain a higher level of food consumption and overall satisfaction months after the end of the programme.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1687-1707
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1464144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464144
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:8:p:1687-1707




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luminita Postelnicu
Author-X-Name-First: Luminita
Author-X-Name-Last: Postelnicu
Author-Name: Niels Hermes
Author-X-Name-First: Niels
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermes
Author-Name: Roselia Servin
Author-X-Name-First: Roselia
Author-X-Name-Last: Servin
Title: External Social Ties and Loan Repayment of Group Lending Members: A Case Study of Pro Mujer Mexico
Abstract: 
 We investigate how external social ties, that is, social ties with individuals outside the borrowing group, determine loan repayments of individual borrowers in joint liability group lending. We measure the resources in external ties in terms of the informal risk insurance arrangement they embed. The ties borrowers have with individuals outside the group and the informal risk insurance arrangement they represent, help to survive in general, and repay their loans in particular. The risk of losing these ties increases the willingness to repay loans, that is, these ties can be regarded as a form of collateral to stimulate loan repayment. The extent to which these external ties are effectively pledged as collateral depends on the extent to which social networks of group members are overlapping: the more borrowers’ networks of external ties overlap (referred to as information channels), the higher the risk of losing the informal risk insurance arrangement in case of non-repayment. We use data from 802 mapped social networks of borrowers’ internal and external ties from a microfinance institution in Mexico. We find that group borrowers with external ties, representing a strong informal risk insurance arrangement while at the same time being information channels, have lower repayment problems
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1784-1798
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1464148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464148
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Rubin
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubin
Title: The Precarious State of Famine Research
Abstract: 
 In 2017 famine struck yet again. While famine continues to haunt many fragile countries, the paper reveals a faltering scholarly interest in famine research, particularly within the research tradition of development studies. Today, the research field is rather dominated by the research traditions of history and economics. Interestingly, the steepest decline in scholarly attention to famine coincided with Amartya Sen being awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998 in part for his work on famine. The paper points to three characteristics of famine research that might account for this rather puzzling development: (i) the field of contemporary famine research exhibits limited interest in theory-building; (ii) the field is impeded by inaccessibility to key research sites; and (iii) the field is weakened by a small and dispersed research community. The paper suggests remedies that might address these obstacles to contemporary famine research in development studies. To facilitate more theoretical development, scholars could engage with the recent call for a criminalisation of famine, and the broader field of disaster research could be used as an institutional catalyst for scholars of famine.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1633-1653
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1493196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1493196
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert B. South
Author-X-Name-First: Robert B.
Author-X-Name-Last: South
Author-Name: Changjoo Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Changjoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: Maquiladora Mortality: Manufacturing Plant Closure in Mexico
Abstract: 
 Manufacturing plant closure has been the subject of much national concern, and an extensive literature principally focused on the developed world. This study extends the findings on plant closure with an analysis of export-oriented manufacturers (maquiladoras) in Mexico, 1996–2006. The foci of this research are hypothesised variables of maquiladora closure: product manufactured (value-added), size of plant, plant location, and size of urban place. The results of a logistical regression model indicate that plant size and value-added are highly probable determinants of plant closure; large, high value-added product maquiladoras have low rates of plant closure. Maquiladoras manufacturing low value-added products have high rates of closure; however, these manufacturers also have significant numbers of surviving plants. This suggests that multiple manufacturing platforms are viable among Mexico’s export-oriented industry. The findings also suggest that much plant closure is a result of exogenous factors,exiting plants in a global search for cheap labour. Mexico, however, has a geographic comparative advantage that, for many maquiladoras, trumps wages in more distant locations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1654-1669
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1498970
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1498970
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javiera Cartagena FarÍas
Author-X-Name-First: Javiera
Author-X-Name-Last: Cartagena FarÍas
Author-Name: Steven McIntosh
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: McIntosh
Title: Does the Increase in Competition between Schools Improve the Quality of the Service? The Role of Educational Reform in Chile
Abstract: 
 We analyse the effect of geographic competition between schools on academic performance in Chile. The analysis controls for prior pupil performance, and a range of school and municipality characteristics. We allow for the endogeneity of voucher school location, using the number of local Catholic churches as an instrument. We find that a larger number of public schools positively affects the quality of education of other schools located in the same area, particularly amongst middle-class families and in middle-ranking schools. However, the number of voucher schools is associated with lower performance in neighbouring schools, which we attribute to pupil sorting.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1799-1815
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1502877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1502877
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Elleby
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Elleby
Author-Name: Frank Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Title: Food Price Transmission and Economic Development
Abstract: 
 In this paper we challenge the conventional wisdom that the world’s poorest countries are also the most vulnerable to spikes in international food prices. We derive an inverted U-shaped relationship between food price transmission and the development level of a country from a theoretical model. This prediction is subsequently tested in two sets of regressions where economic development is approximated by per capita income and where we control for a number of other potential determinants of food price transmission. The first set of regressions is based on estimated transmission elasticities and the second on actual domestic food price changes during spikes in international food prices. In both sets of regressions we find strong evidence of the existence of an inverted U-shaped relation between food price transmission and income. Thus, food prices in middle income (rather than in low income) countries respond the strongest to changes in international food prices, implying that the poor in these countries are the most exposed to spikes in food prices. We also show that the factors explaining the variation in the estimated transmission elasticities can explain the variation in domestic food price changes during spikes in international food prices equally well.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1708-1725
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1520216
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1520216
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:8:p:1708-1725




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pia Nilsson
Author-X-Name-First: Pia
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilsson
Title: The Role of Land Use Consolidation in Improving Crop Yields among Farm Households in Rwanda
Abstract: 
 Relative to other developing regions, the role of land consolidation in increasing crop yields is poorly understood in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper examines the role of land use consolidation on agricultural productivity among smallholder farmers in Rwanda. Household-level data are used to estimate a fixed-effects model with matched control groups to mitigate selection bias. The study finds a positive association between land use consolidation and crop yields, but only among farm households with landholdings greater than one hectare, which is well above the average farm size in Rwanda. Findings also point to the importance of non-organic fertilisers and irrigation as there appear to be significant benefits associated with further increases in their use among the consolidated farms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1726-1740
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1520217
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1520217
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Devika
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Devika
Title: Development and Gender Capital in India: Change, Continuity, and Conflict in Kerala
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1859-1860
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1556440
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1556440
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1861-1865
Issue: 8
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1617828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1617828
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giovanni Carbone
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Carbone
Author-Name: Alessandro Pellegata
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Pellegata
Title: To Elect or Not to Elect: Leaders, Alternation in Power and Social Welfare in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates whether and how multiparty elections, introduced in many African countries since the early 1990s, affect a government’s commitment to welfare policies. We hypothesise that contested multiparty elections and turnovers between different leaders and political forces in government – even when democratic standards are not met – positively impact the promotion of social welfare. We test these hypotheses through a cross-sectional and time-series research design, making use of our new, comprehensive ‘Africa Leadership Change’ (ALC) dataset. Empirical results confirm that leaders elected through multiparty elections and countries that experience political alternations in government are associated with higher levels of social welfare.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1965-1987
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1279733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1279733
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:12:p:1965-1987




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J.F. McCARTHY
Author-X-Name-First: J.F.
Author-X-Name-Last: McCARTHY
Author-Name: D.J. Steenbergen
Author-X-Name-First: D.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Steenbergen
Author-Name: C. Warren
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Warren
Author-Name: G. Acciaioli
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Acciaioli
Author-Name: G. Baker
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Author-Name: A. Lucas
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucas
Author-Name: V. Rambe
Author-X-Name-First: V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rambe
Title: Community Driven Development and Structural Disadvantage: Interrogating the Social Turn in Development Programming in Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Community-driven development (CDD) programmes have emerged on a large scale in the Global South following research and policy work regarding social capital, capabilities and empowerment. This paper analyses one of the largest international examples of the ‘social’ turn, examining the effects of the CDD approach in governmental, structural and relational terms. While the CDD approach successfully generated new political rationalities and governmental technologies, the ability of development programming driven by social capital concepts to empower marginalised sections of society remains in question. The ambiguities associated with CDD outcomes indicate the contradictions at the heart of social capital debate.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1988-2004
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1262024
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1262024
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kellee S. Tsai
Author-X-Name-First: Kellee S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai
Title: When Shadow Banking Can Be Productive: Financing Small and Medium Enterprises in China
Abstract: 
 Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) represent the backbone of China’s economy, yet they face challenges in accessing bank credit. SMEs thus rely on a wide range of alternative sources, including informal finance, online peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms, registered non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs), and underground financiers. This article distinguishes among different types of ‘shadow banking’ to clarify popular misconceptions about the nature of risks associated with informal financial intermediation in China. Given their familiarity with local business conditions and needs, regulated and well-managed NBFIs could provide an enduring foundation for commercialised financial intermediation serving SMEs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2005-2028
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1228877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1228877
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Schrank
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Schrank
Title: The Political Economy of Performance Standards: Automotive Industrial Policy in Comparative Historical Perspective
Abstract: 
 A substantial body of literature holds that industrial policies work best when their beneficiaries are subject to demanding performance standards. By conditioning access to their low-cost loans and lucrative markets on foreign sales and local content, for example, East Asian officials forced their manufacturers to improve quality, cut costs, and develop linkages to allied industries – that generated jobs and foreign exchange revenues of their own – in the so-called miracle years. But the politics of performance standards are themselves unclear. Why are they more common in some countries than others? Are they more likely to be imposed by autocratic than democratic regimes? And, if so, why? I address these questions by examining cross-national data on export and local content requirements in the auto industry in 1980; find that they all but presupposed autocracy in labour-surplus – but not labour-scarce – countries; explore the interactions of political regimes, productive assets, and performance standards in South Korea in particular; and discuss their theoretical and methodological implications. The results not only imply that efforts to build new comparative advantages over the long run by means of performance standards that put existing comparative advantages at risk in the short run are unlikely to succeed in labour-surplus democracies but, in so doing, speak to the merits of ‘middle-N’ methods and typologies that try to reconcile the at times competing goals of generality and historical detail in cross-national research.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2029-2049
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1228879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1228879
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:12:p:2029-2049




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rosemary E. Isoto
Author-X-Name-First: Rosemary E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Isoto
Author-Name: Abdoul G. Sam
Author-X-Name-First: Abdoul G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sam
Author-Name: David S. Kraybill
Author-X-Name-First: David S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kraybill
Title: Uninsured Health Shocks and Agricultural Productivity among Rural Households: The Mitigating Role of Micro-credit
Abstract: 
 This article investigates how health shocks affect farm productivity in the presence of microcredit. It is expected that microcredit increases agricultural productivity by enhancing allocative and technical efficiency and by overcoming financial constraints that reduce purchase of inputs. However, microcredit will have competing uses in the event of uninsured health shocks to the household. Using an endogenous switching regression model and after accounting for self-selection, the results reveal that microcredit has a significant mitigating effect on farm productivity losses. Thus, microcredit generates a double dividend among smallholders serving as insurance against health shocks in rural areas and improving agricultural productivity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2050-2066
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1262027
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1262027
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:12:p:2050-2066




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christoph Bader
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Bader
Author-Name: Sabin Bieri
Author-X-Name-First: Sabin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bieri
Author-Name: Urs Wiesmann
Author-X-Name-First: Urs
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiesmann
Author-Name: Andreas Heinimann
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinimann
Title: Is Economic Growth Increasing Disparities? A Multidimensional Analysis of Poverty in the Lao PDR between 2003 and 2013
Abstract: 
 The Asian story of miraculous growth and poverty reduction has reinforced mainstream views of development that equate high and sustained economic growth with progress in human wellbeing. But understanding development only in terms of economic growth is not sufficient. This paper offers a different perspective on possible effects of Laos’s transition from a subsistence-oriented economy to a market-oriented economy. We used a multidimensional poverty approach with panel data for the years between 2003 and 2013. Findings suggest that benefits were not equally distributed: 50 per cent of people moved in and out of poverty, and the other half was either non-poor (37%) or always poor (13%).
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2067-2085
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1251587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1251587
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Gerring
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerring
Author-Name: Strom C. Thacker
Author-X-Name-First: Strom C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thacker
Author-Name: Yuan Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Erzen Oncel
Author-X-Name-First: Erzen
Author-X-Name-Last: Oncel
Title: When are Minorities Worse Off? A Systematic Investigation of Size and Status
Abstract: 
 Are smaller ethnic groups less advantaged than large groups? This question has not been systematically studied. Using two new datasets, we find that when group size and status are analyzed at national levels smaller groups are generally worse off than larger groups. By contrast, when group size and status are analyzed at subnational (regional or district) levels, smaller groups are better off than larger groups. “National” minorities are disadvantaged while “local” minorities are advantaged.We theorize that two factors are at work in generating this surprisingly consistent relationship. First, a synergy exists at national levels among three features of ethnic groups: size, power, and status. The second factor is based on social dynamics. Specifically, insofar as internal migration is characterized by positive selection, then migrants and their descendants should form the basis of small, privileged groups within the region that they migrate to. Insofar as distance enhances positive selection, this explains why smaller migrations are associated with more privileged groups and larger migrations with somewhat less privileged groups.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2086-2101
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1277018
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1277018
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cuong Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Cuong
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Anh Tran
Author-X-Name-First: Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran
Title: The Effect of Having Children on Women’s Marital Status: Evidence From Vietnam
Abstract: 
 In developing societies, women living without a husband face significant social-economic hardship. Previous evidence suggests that teenagers in Kenya are willing to get pregnant in hopes of marrying the father of their children. In this paper, we study the relationship between having children and women’s marriage outcomes more generally. Using the 2009 Vietnam Census data and twins as an instrument, we find that having more children reduces the probability of staying unmarried and divorced. Intriguingly, those with more children are also less likely to report widow status, perhaps suggesting that among widows, children increase the likelihood of getting remarried.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2102-2117
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1269887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1269887
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian D. Mina
Author-X-Name-First: Christian D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mina
Author-Name: Katsushi S. Imai
Author-X-Name-First: Katsushi S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Imai
Title: Estimation of Vulnerability to Poverty Using a Multilevel Longitudinal Model: Evidence from the Philippines
Abstract: 
 Using the panel data for the Philippines in 2003–2009, we estimate a three-level random coefficient model to measure household vulnerability and to decompose it into idiosyncratic and covariate components. We correct heterogeneity bias using Bell and Jones’s ‘within-between’ formulation. A majority of the poor and 18 per cent of the non-poor are found to be vulnerable to unobservable shocks, while both groups of households are more susceptible to idiosyncratic shocks than to covariate shocks. Adequate safety nets should be provided for vulnerable households that lack access to infrastructure, or are larger in size with more dependents and less-educated heads.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2118-2144
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1265942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1265942
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Umakrishnan Kollamparambil
Author-X-Name-First: Umakrishnan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kollamparambil
Title: Impact of Internal In-Migration on Income Inequality in Receiving Areas: A District Level Study of South Africa
Abstract: 
 The impact of internal migration on regional income inequality of the receiving areas has hitherto gone largely unstudied. This dearth of literature is especially surprising because income inequality and in-migration into urban centres of growth are two issues that many developing economies are faced with and tackling these issues effectively involves understanding the interactions between these two related phenomena. This study is therefore a first attempt to analyse the impact of internal in-migration on receiving areas and is placed in the context of South Africa. Based on a conceptual analysis, the study argues that in-migration into the formal sector of the receiving areas will in general reduce inequality while in-migration into the informal or unemployed sector increases inequality. Using individual panel data the study further tests empirically at the district level the impact of in-migration and finds that rising urban inequality in urban areas can be attributed at least in part to rural-urban migration. This works through both the wage as well as employment channel. The employment channel can be said to have a stronger impact than the wage channel as indicated by the coefficients estimated through our system GMM regression analysis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2145-2163
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1277019
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1277019
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Moore
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Author-Name: M. F. Webb
Author-X-Name-First: M. F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Webb
Author-Name: A. Chary
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chary
Author-Name: A. Kraemer Díaz
Author-X-Name-First: A. Kraemer
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz
Author-Name: Peter Rohloff
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Rohloff
Title: Aid and Gendered Subjectivity in Rural Guatemala
Abstract: 
 Development discourse has focused on gendered dimensions of poverty, demonstrating how parastatal poverty alleviation programmes target women as aid recipients while devaluing their productive and reproductive work. However, seldom analysed is how privatisation of social services and proliferation of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have impacted women. We explore this in a Guatemalan community where we find that although NGOs discursively commit to ‘alternative’ development approaches, on the ground they reproduce elements of a neoliberal subjectivity akin to parastatal programmes. NGOs additionally configure aid disbursement as gift giving, requiring beneficiaries to assume affective postures of gratitude, and facilitating intrusion into women’s lives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2164-2178
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1274397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1274397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Bird
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Bird
Author-Name: Dane Rowlands
Author-X-Name-First: Dane
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlands
Title: The Effect of IMF Programmes on Economic Growth in Low Income Countries: An Empirical Analysis
Abstract: 
 Using an LIC-specific participation model, we adopt a propensity score matching (PSM) methodology to compare economic growth performance in countries with and without IMF programmes over the period 1989–2008. Concessional programmes are found to have had a generally positive effect on economic growth for up to two years after agreements were signed. The effects are contingent on other factors including overall initial economic conditions, recent prior growth performance, aid dependency, debt, IMF resources, recent history of IMF engagement and time period. We examine the implications of the results as the IMF considers how best to support the Sustainable Development Goals.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2179-2196
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1279734
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1279734
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:12:p:2179-2196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Youssouf Kiendrebeogo
Author-X-Name-First: Youssouf
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiendrebeogo
Author-Name: Alexandru Minea
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandru
Author-X-Name-Last: Minea
Title: Financial Factors and Manufacturing Exports: Firm-Level Evidence From Egypt
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on the effects of financial factors on manufacturing firms’ export participation in a panel of Egyptian manufacturing firms over the 2003–2008 period. Our main results show that financial constraints reduce export participation of Egyptian firms, while financial liquidity improves it. Moreover, financial constraints have a negative impact on alternative measures of export activity, namely, export intensity and the time the firm takes before starting to export. Consequently, adding to the scarce literature on developing countries, our results support an important impact of financial factors on Egyptian firms’ participation in international trade.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2197-2213
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1251583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1251583
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 12
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1401305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1401305
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralitza Dimova
Author-X-Name-First: Ralitza
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova
Author-Name: Antonio Savoia
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Savoia
Title: Institutions: Evolution, Path Dependency, Anachronisms and Impact
Abstract: 
 This Special Section builds on cutting edge developments in the literature on institutional change and its link to economic development. It throws fresh light on this link from both a microeconomic (firm and household level) and a macroeconomic (country and cross country level) perspective. The main message is that understanding the dynamics of institutional change is key to understanding the process of economic development, while understanding evolving institutions and their links to economic development requires an understanding of the state of flux and the heterogeneous characteristics of individual settings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 161-165
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1060319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1060319
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:161-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Savoia
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Savoia
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Do We See Convergence in Institutions? A Cross-Country Analysis
Abstract: 
 Differences in the quality of institutions may explain differences in per capita income. Yet, we know relatively little on how institutions evolve. This paper contributes to such knowledge by testing for convergence in legal, bureaucratic and administrative institutional quality. Using cross-section and panel methods on a large sample of countries from the 1970s to 2010, we find that countries with initially poor institutions tended to slowly catch up, both when they shared the same initial conditions and when they did not. However, the convergence process seems to be a temporary effect following the end of the Cold War.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 166-185
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1060315
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1060315
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:166-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Swinnen
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Swinnen
Author-Name: Kristine Van Herck
Author-X-Name-First: Kristine
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Herck
Author-Name: Liesbet Vranken
Author-X-Name-First: Liesbet
Author-X-Name-Last: Vranken
Title: The Diversity of Land Markets and Regulations in Europe, and (some of) its Causes
Abstract: 
 The creation of optimal land institutions attracted renewed attention in the 1990s because of its central role in the transition process in former Communist countries in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and more recently because of large-scale land investments in developing countries. This article documents the existence of large variations in land institutions (markets and regulation) using current and historical data from Western and Eastern Europe. It then offers explanations for these differences and draws implications for the role and optimality of land institutions in development (with special reference to the current debate on large scale land acquisitions).
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 186-205
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1060318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1060318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:186-205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nauro F. Campos
Author-X-Name-First: Nauro F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Campos
Author-Name: Menelaos G. Karanasos
Author-X-Name-First: Menelaos G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karanasos
Author-Name: Bin Tan
Author-X-Name-First: Bin
Author-X-Name-Last: Tan
Title: From Riches to Rags, and Back? Institutional Change, Financial Development and Economic Growth in Argentina since 1890
Abstract: 
 Argentina is the only country in the world that in 1900 was ‘developed’ and in 2000 was ‘developing’. Although economic historians have identified and explored various possible explanations (chiefly institutions, political instability, financial development, inflation, trade openness and international financial integration), no study so far has attempted a comprehensive quantitative assessment of their relative importance. This article tries to fill this gap using the power-ARCH framework and annual data since 1896 to study the effects of these factors in terms of both growth and growth volatility. The results highlight two main factors to understand the remarkable growth trajectory of Argentina over the very long run, financial development and institutions (formal and informal political instability) and stress the importance of differences in their short vis-à-vis long-run behaviour.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 206-223
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1060317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1060317
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:206-223




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zara Liaqat
Author-X-Name-First: Zara
Author-X-Name-Last: Liaqat
Author-Name: Jeffrey B. Nugent
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nugent
Title: When Do Firms Choose to Train? The Roles of Labour Regulations, Their Enforcement, and Firm and Industry Characteristics
Abstract: 
 This article estimates the effects of rigid labour regulations, their enforcement and other conditions facing individual firms on the likelihood that a firm offers training to its workers. The estimates are based on firm-level data from the Enterprise Surveys. The findings show that the effects of labour regulations vary considerably across firms in ways that reflect interaction between labour regulations on the one hand and enforcement, institutional conditions and firm and industry characteristics on the other. The effects also vary considerably from one type of labour regulation to another and according to the perceived importance of alternative constraints on its business.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 224-241
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1060316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1060316
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:224-241




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sumon Kumar Bhaumik
Author-X-Name-First: Sumon Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhaumik
Author-Name: Ralitza Dimova
Author-X-Name-First: Ralitza
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova
Author-Name: Ira N. Gang
Author-X-Name-First: Ira N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gang
Title: Is Women’s Ownership of Land a Panacea in Developing Countries? Evidence from Land-Owning Farm Households in Malawi
Abstract: 
 Our analysis of a rich representative household survey for Malawi, where patrilineal and matrilineal institutions coexist, suggests that: in matrilineal societies the likelihood of high-value crop cultivation by a household increases with the extent of land owned by males, while the income generated from high-value crop production decreases with the amount of land owned by females; and the cultivation of high-value crops increases household welfare. The policy implication is that facilitating female ownership of assets through informal and formal institutions does not, on its own, increase welfare when appropriate complementary resources and institutions are absent.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 242-253
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1060314
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1060314
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nora Stel
Author-X-Name-First: Nora
Author-X-Name-Last: Stel
Author-Name: Wim Naudé
Author-X-Name-First: Wim
Author-X-Name-Last: Naudé
Title: ‘Public–Private Entanglement’: Entrepreneurship in Lebanon’s Hybrid Political Order
Abstract: 
 While the literature is clear that political influence and clientelism characterises the investment decisions of entrepreneurs and the performance of their firms when governance is weak, it is less understood how governance systems and entrepreneurs interact, particularly when governance is of a hybrid nature. We address this issue in this paper by studying how entrepreneurs obtain access to electricity in Lebanon, showing that the hybrid political order imposes a high cost on electricity. We furthermore find that a hybrid political order channels entrepreneurial talent into lobbying and bribery. The key constraint that emerges from the hybrid political order in this case is the corrupt organisation of governance of the electricity sector. This results in higher prices (because bribes for contracts have to be earned back) in entrenchment of oligopolies, because contracts often come with political protection.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 254-268
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1081173
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1081173
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:254-268




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Kimmich
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Kimmich
Title: Can Analytic Narrative Inform Policy Change? The Political Economy of the Indian Electricity–Irrigation Nexus
Abstract: 
 Agricultural electricity subsidisation has led to high electricity demand, groundwater depletion and public financial burdens. The policy persists, although paralleled by fundamental changes in electricity governance. How can lock-in and policy trajectories be explained? Theories of institutional public choice and regulation are reviewed. Two game models are built to analyse narratives based on interviews and secondary historical data. The findings reveal path dependencies inherent in the existing action situations. Resolving the current equilibrium requires changes outside the political or regulatory process, such as the electricity distribution level, where coordination failure impedes infrastructure improvements, contributing to resistance among the agricultural electorate.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 269-285
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1093119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1093119
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:2:p:269-285




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Kumah
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumah
Author-Name: Samuel Brazys
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Brazys
Title: Democracy or Accountability? Governance and Social Spending in Africa
Abstract: 
 In recent years, democracy has often served as shorthand for good governance when considering what facilitates development-friendly public expenditure. While recognising the sufficiency of democracy, we argue that it is accountability, achievable outside full democracy, that is the necessary component of governance. However, vague conceptualisations of accountability as ‘responsiveness’ or ‘answerability’ have prevented empirical work from exploring the relationship between accountability and public spending. In this paper we develop an understanding of accountability as the interaction between opposition, transparency, and enforcement and test its impact on social spending in Africa in both the presence and absence of electoral institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 286-299
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1087513
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1087513
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Blane D. Lewis
Author-X-Name-First: Blane D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis
Title: Is Central Government Intervention Bad for Local Outcomes? Mixed Messages from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Central government line agencies in Indonesia spend a significant amount of their budgets directly in the regions, much of it on functions that have already been decentralised to local governments. Such deconcentrated spending contravenes both international best practices and Indonesian decentralisation legislation. Empirical evidence on the question of actual impact of such spending in Indonesia is mixed. The share of central deconcentrated spending that is co-administered directly with local governments appears to have beneficial service delivery effects; but the portion organised through provinces – without significant input from districts – has a negative impact on service outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 300-313
Issue: 2
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1068293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1068293
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emma Gilberthorpe
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilberthorpe
Author-Name: Dorice Agol
Author-X-Name-First: Dorice
Author-X-Name-Last: Agol
Author-Name: Thomas Gegg
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Gegg
Title: ‘Sustainable Mining’? Corporate Social Responsibility, Migration and Livelihood Choices in Zambia
Abstract: 
 Whilst corporate social responsibility is now part and parcel of many multinational mining operations, and a ‘sustainable mining’ narrative a fundamental part of their public persona, companies still struggle to provide secure, long-term livelihoods for either locals or the swathe of migrants mining attracts. Minimal opportunities in the formal sector leave migrants in particular engaging in informal and illegal activities that offer poor livelihood security. In this paper we examine these activities in northern Zambia’s emerald mines to highlight some of the issues and barriers to sustainable development that exist across mining zones. We conclude that livelihood choices are not augmented by a so-called ‘sustainable mining’ approach that fails to engage all sectors of the population. We show the numerous challenges faced by migrants in this part of Zambia to accentuate the factors that need to be addressed before favourable environments for fostering sustainable mining might be achieved.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1517-1532
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1189534
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1189534
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abdelaziz Benkhalifa
Author-X-Name-First: Abdelaziz
Author-X-Name-Last: Benkhalifa
Author-Name: Paul Lanoie
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanoie
Author-Name: Mohamed Ayadi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayadi
Title: Workers’ Compensation and Moral Hazard in Tunisia
Abstract: 
 Moral hazard is a problem of asymmetric information that plays a central role in numerous contractual relationships and may lead to suboptimal resource allocation. Both ex ante and ex post moral hazard problems in workers’ compensation (WC) have been extensively analysed in developed countries. The main objective of this paper is to test the presence of ex post moral hazard in the Tunisian context. To our knowledge, this is the first analysis on this topic in a developing country, Tunisia. It is particularly important to study moral hazard problems in developing countries, since the negative impacts of such problems could be exacerbated in the developing world. Dionne and St-Michel (1991) have developed a methodology for testing for the presence of ex post moral hazard in the context of a more generous WC regime in Quebec. The Tunisian institutional context that we study is similar to that prevailing in Quebec; that is, in 1995, there was a significant increase in the generosity of the WC regime. Applying a more general econometric technique than that used by Dionne and St-Michel, we find that this increase in the generosity of WC led to longer periods out of work for recovery. This increase is more pronounced in the case of difficult-to-diagnose injuries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1533-1544
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178384
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kitae Sohn
Author-X-Name-First: Kitae
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn
Title: Risk Incomprehension and Its Economic Consequences
Abstract: 
 Almost all theoretical and empirical studies implicitly assume that every economic agent understands the concept of risk. We exploited a unique feature of the Indonesian Family Life Survey and argued that this assumption may not apply to the developing world. A third of working men failed to understand the concept of risk, and this incomprehension did not result from a mistake or a preference for simple answers. Moreover, after applying OLS, we found that relative to risk comprehensive men, risk incomprehensive men earned 11.9 per cent less and possessed household assets worth 9.8 per cent less.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1545-1560
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166208
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaolan Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaolan
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Shaheen Akter
Author-X-Name-First: Shaheen
Author-X-Name-Last: Akter
Title: The Impact of Mobile Phone Technology on Agricultural Extension Services Delivery: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This study examines the impact of mobile phone enhanced intervention in agricultural extension service delivery in India. Findings show that the amount, quality and speed of service delivery have improved significantly because of the intervention. There are also benefits in terms of greater knowledge and awareness of new agricultural practices, farmers’ aspiration to try new technology in the future and access to credit. The system does not discriminate against farmers from disadvantaged and low education backgrounds. Thus, a system of well-used technology, which is assisted by trained village youths, can serve as a tool for inclusive development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1561-1576
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1146700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1146700
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tirtha Chatterjee
Author-X-Name-First: Tirtha
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterjee
Author-Name: A. Ganesh-Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganesh-Kumar
Title: Geographic Neighbourhood and Cluster Formation: Evidence from Indian Agriculture
Abstract: 
 We study an empirical occurrence largely overlooked in studies on income clusters: (i) most clusters include geographic neighbours and non-neighbours; and (ii) not all geographic neighbours are cluster-co-members. Using agricultural income across Indian states, we find a similar pattern in income-clusters over the last 45 years. Logistic regressions that consider state-pairs as the unit of analysis show that cluster membership is not driven by geographic variables but rather by non-geographic factors like weather shock, resource constraints, technology/input usage, extent of crop diversification, infrastructure, policy and institutions
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1577-1592
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166211
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajay Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Ajay
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Title: Urban Proximity and Spatial Pattern of Land Use and Development in Rural India
Abstract: 
 Using non-parametric methods and India Human Development Survey 2004–2005, this study analyses the effect of urban proximity in terms of distance and connectivity on spatial pattern of land-use and development in the context of rural India. We find that, in urban surroundings, rural areas have diversified economic activities, intensive agriculture with higher spending on various inputs, higher economic wellbeing in terms of wages, income and consumption expenditure. We also document that transport and tele-connectivity are important for improved rural-urban linkages and changing rural landscape. These findings suggest that urban settlements are keys to development and inclusive growth in rural areas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1593-1611
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166207
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166207
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Prasad
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Prasad
Author-Name: Andre Nickow
Author-X-Name-First: Andre
Author-X-Name-Last: Nickow
Title: Mechanisms of the ‘Aid Curse’: Lessons from South Korea and Pakistan
Abstract: 
 Recently scholars have argued that, far from contributing to development, foreign aid hinders development. But in the 1960s the East Asian countries developed rapidly despite receiving large amounts of aid. To examine why aid seems to undermine development in some cases but not in others, we conduct a detailed comparison of the mechanisms of the ‘aid curse’ in South Korea and Pakistan. We show that South Korea saw astonishing levels of corruption, but this did not hinder its development; and Pakistan had a strong bureaucracy, which did not help it to grow. The key difference between the two countries was in the strength of their tax systems: foreign aid in the context of underdeveloped tax administration leads to increasing cycles of debt that undermine development. When foreign aid arrives in the context of commitment to strong taxation, a country can avoid the ‘aid curse.’
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1612-1627
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178382
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Gamero Burón
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Gamero Burón
Author-Name: Gérard Lassibille
Author-X-Name-First: Gérard
Author-X-Name-Last: Lassibille
Title: Job Satisfaction among Primary School Personnel in Madagascar
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the job satisfaction of primary school teachers in Madagascar. Based on the estimation of multilevel models, low wages and problems getting paid, job insecurity, lack of in-service training, high pupil-teacher ratios, and lack of basic infrastructure and teaching materials are identified as the main reasons for dissatisfaction. Principals’ control of teachers’ activities also adversely affects satisfaction, suggesting that, in Malagasy schools, neither school directors nor teachers have succeeded in adopting organisational cultures based on cooperation among their members. These results are likely to stimulate debates on educational policy, both in Madagascar and in many other developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1628-1646
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1187726
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1187726
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Carnes
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Carnes
Author-Name: Isabela Mares
Author-X-Name-First: Isabela
Author-X-Name-Last: Mares
Title: Redefining Who’s ‘In’ and Who’s ‘Out’: Explaining Preferences for Redistribution in Bolivia
Abstract: 
 How does welfare state expansion reconfigure political coalitions? This paper challenges traditional accounts that pit social policy ‘insiders’, who univocally oppose policy expansion, against ‘outsiders’ who favour it. It argues that labour market vulnerability and partisan cues can play a critical role in shaping the preferences of both insiders and outsiders, and thus produce new pro-expansion coalitions. To test this claim, it employs historical analysis of key social insurance configurations in Bolivia over the last 30 years, as well as an original survey carried out in Bolivia following that nation’s 2007 extension of a noncontributory national minimum pension.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1647-1664
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1156091
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1156091
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:11:p:1647-1664




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manabu Nose
Author-X-Name-First: Manabu
Author-X-Name-Last: Nose
Author-Name: Futoshi Yamauchi
Author-X-Name-First: Futoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamauchi
Title: Long-term Impacts of Global Food Crisis on Production Decisions: Evidence from Farm Investments in Indonesia
Abstract: 
 This paper estimates farmers’ investment response to food price spikes using household panel data collected before and after the 2007/08 food price crisis in Indonesia. We found that an increase in farmers’ terms-of-trade allowed relatively large crop-producing farmers to increase their investments at both extensive and intensive margins. Food price spikes had a significant income effect among farmers whose production surplus is large for market sales. During the food price crisis, large farmers particularly increased machine investments, which saved some labour inputs, pointing to the importance of complementarities between land and machine investments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1665-1683
Issue: 11
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171846
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171846
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Anne Pitcher
Author-X-Name-First: M. Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitcher
Title: Party System Competition and Private Sector Development in Africa
Abstract: 
 Democratic transitions by many African countries have generated much analysis of the organisational features of political parties or their role in voter mobilisation during elections. Yet, scholars have largely overlooked how parties negotiate economic policymaking or interact with the private sector in countries that are incipient democracies and emerging markets. This article argues that the stability or fragmentation of the party system affects patterns of private sector development and shapes linkages between the state, business and labour. It compares Mozambique and Zambia to demonstrate how variations in party system characteristics influence the relationship between economic and political interests.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-17
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171848
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171848
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Chong
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Chong
Author-Name: Mónica Yañez-Pagans
Author-X-Name-First: Mónica
Author-X-Name-Last: Yañez-Pagans
Title: Impact of Long Run Exposure to Television on Homicides: Some Evidence from Brazil
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on the link between television coverage and violent crime, in particular, homicides in Brazil, a country where crime has grown dramatically in recent decades. Using Census data for the period 1980–2000, the paper finds that people living in areas covered by television signal have significantly lower rates of homicides. The effect is strongest for men of lower socioeconomic status.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 18-31
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171843
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171843
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kiyoyasu Tanaka
Author-X-Name-First: Kiyoyasu
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanaka
Author-Name: Souknilanh Keola
Author-X-Name-First: Souknilanh
Author-X-Name-Last: Keola
Title: Shedding Light on the Shadow Economy: A Nighttime Light Approach
Abstract: 
 Measuring the shadow economy is inherently difficult, but critical for understanding economic development. Using census data on formal and informal sectors in Cambodia, we document that 96.6 per cent of non-farm establishments do not formally register with the government, and their sales accounted for 76.6 per cent of total sales in 2011. Estimating their past sales from changes in nighttime light for 1993–2010, we find that both formal and informal firms increased their estimated sales. The share of informal sales increased from 68.8 per cent in 1993 to 76.6 per cent in 2011, suggesting that the informal sector increased quantitatively in both absolute and relative terms over time.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 32-48
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171845
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171845
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayako Wakano
Author-X-Name-First: Ayako
Author-X-Name-Last: Wakano
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Author-Name: Daichi Shimamoto
Author-X-Name-First: Daichi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimamoto
Title: Does the Heterogeneity of Project Implementers Affect the Programme Participation of Beneficiaries?: Evidence from Rural Cambodia
Abstract: 
 This study employs the dataset collected for the assessment of a post-harvest technology project in rural Cambodia and focuses on the heterogeneous preferences of project implementers, frequently overlooked in the literature on programme evaluation studies. We focus on the ‘implementer effect’ on the programme participation of the treated farmers. We demonstrate that the heterogeneous programme participation of ordinary farmers could be induced due to heterogeneity in the characteristics of the project staff. In particular, we indicate that the baseline altruism of the project staff, measured by the dictator game, consistently increases the participation rate and the number of participations in the training sessions of beneficiaries. This type of heterogeneity in project staffs’ preferences across treatment sites could be a source of treatment heterogeneity for programmes conducted at a certain cluster level. While few studies have focused on the heterogeneity of programme implementers, our empirical results indicate that the preference of implementers could be a source of treatment heterogeneity and imply the importance of implementation of an actual project.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 49-67
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1171847
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1171847
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abbi Kedir
Author-X-Name-First: Abbi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kedir
Author-Name: Andrea Oterová
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Oterová
Title: The Complexity of Marriage in Rural Ethiopia: Parental Transfers and Post-marital Residence Choices
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the relationship between parental transfers and post-marital residence of children in rural Ethiopia. We investigate whether asset transfers to children are an avenue which parents use to secure old age. We model post-marital residence and transfers simultaneously in a two-stage probit least squares estimation framework. We find a positive relationship between transfers and post-marital residence, a proxy for old age support. Children who receive more assets are more likely to stay at birth place after marriage and vice versa. In conditions of scarce or lacking social security mechanisms, parents make strategic transfers to ensure better old age.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 68-81
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178381
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger
Author-Name: Daniel Monchuk
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Monchuk
Author-Name: Hari K Nagarajan
Author-X-Name-First: Hari K
Author-X-Name-Last: Nagarajan
Author-Name: Sudhir K Singh
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhir K
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: Does Land Fragmentation Increase the Cost of Cultivation? Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 To appreciate overall impacts of fragmentation, underlying channels, and potential heterogeneity by holding size, we distinguish average fragment size and mean inter-fragment distance as two aspects of this phenomenon. Estimating a cost function with associated input demand equations on a large nationally representative Indian survey, robust to endogeneity, suggests that fragmentation’s main impact is to reduce mean plot size below the threshold for mechanisation. Higher inter-fragment distances increase costs for larger holdings, but by a much smaller magnitude. Implications as to when programmes to consolidate holdings may make sense and ways to ensure their sustainability are discussed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 82-98
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166210
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166210
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:1:p:82-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Djalita Fialho
Author-X-Name-First: Djalita
Author-X-Name-Last: Fialho
Author-Name: Peter A. G. Van Bergeijk
Author-X-Name-First: Peter A. G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Bergeijk
Title: The Proliferation of Developing Country Classifications
Abstract: 
 We study the external and internal proliferation of country classifications in development policy. The number of classifications increased from four (1985) to 17 (2013) when the average in our sample of 111 developing countries exceeded three classifications per country. Based on historical overview and comparative case study for land-locked development countries and small-island development states (geographically defined classifications without overlap) we find that internal proliferation is associated with lacking a clear rationale, no definition of country characteristics, and possibly the direct involvement of developing countries in designing the category. External proliferation may reflect antinomic delegation, geopolitical and bureaucratic motives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 99-115
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178383
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:1:p:99-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krishna Chaitanya Vadlamannati
Author-X-Name-First: Krishna Chaitanya
Author-X-Name-Last: Vadlamannati
Author-Name: Arusha Cooray
Author-X-Name-First: Arusha
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooray
Title: Transparency Pays? Evaluating the Effects of the Freedom of Information Laws on Perceived Government Corruption
Abstract: 
 About 90 countries have adopted Freedom of Information (FOI) laws with the objective of facilitating citizens’ right to access information on government activities expeditiously. It is argued that FOI laws increase transparency and fix accountability of the government. We provide quantitative evidence on the impact of FOI laws on perceived government corruption. Using panel data for 132 countries over the 1990–2011 period, we find that adopting FOI laws after controlling for self-section bias, is associated with an increase in perceived government corruption driven by an increase in detection of corrupt acts. In fact, FOI laws appear to increase the perception of government corruption if combined with a higher degree of media freedom, presence of NGO activism and political competition. However, the perception of government corruption tends to decline with the duration of FOI law adoption. These findings are robust to controlling for endogeneity using instrumental variables, alternative samples and estimation methods.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 116-137
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:1:p:116-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iddisah Sulemana
Author-X-Name-First: Iddisah
Author-X-Name-Last: Sulemana
Author-Name: Abdul Malik Iddrisu
Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Malik
Author-X-Name-Last: Iddrisu
Author-Name: Jude E. Kyoore
Author-X-Name-First: Jude E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyoore
Title: A Micro-Level Study of the Relationship Between Experienced Corruption and Subjective Wellbeing in Africa
Abstract: 
 The economic consequences of corruption have been widely studied. A growing number of studies exists on the relationship between corruption and subjective wellbeing. However, very few studies have examined how individual experiences of corruption are correlated with subjective wellbeing. In this paper, we explore whether, and to what extent, paying a bribe, giving a gift, or doing a favour for a government official to obtain a document or service influences wellbeing. In addition, we test whether being at the receiving end of corrupt practices affects the individual’s wellbeing. We find that experienced corruption undermines individual wellbeing for both bribe victims and recipients.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 138-155
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1187721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1187721
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quang Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Quang
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Title: Do Natural Disasters Open a Window of Opportunity for Corruption?
Abstract: 
 This study explores the link between natural disasters and corruption at the local government level. We examine whether a natural disaster affects official households more favourably than non-official households. We find that natural disasters decrease nonofficial household expenditures significantly, however, they have negligible effect on official household expenditures. Meanwhile, both kinds of households experience similar reduction in incomes, and have much the same disaster coping strategies. Together, the results imply that local officials may receive unobserved monetary compensation – we define as corruption – in the aftermath of natural disasters.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 156-172
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1187724
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1187724
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:1:p:156-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 173-173
Issue: 1
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1199131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1199131
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:1:p:173-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1260244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1260244
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:1a-1a




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Priebe
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Priebe
Title: Disability and Its Correlates in a Developing Country Context: Evidence from Multiple Datasets and Measures
Abstract: 
 Disability profiles showing how the magnitude of disability differs across subgroups of a population are important tools in designing effective policies. Yet little is known about the sensitivity of the correlates of disability to the way disability is measured. This study uses an unprecedentedly large amount of nationally representative survey data from Indonesia. Based on 13 different datasets that were collected between 2000 and 2014, and which together contain disability information on more than 1 billion individuals, we assess how robust disability profiles are to measurement issues. Our findings suggest that irrespective of the dataset and measure used, disability is disproportionally more common among the poor, the elderly and rural areas in the country. Hence, Indonesian policies on poverty reduction, population ageing, and rural development should pay particular attention to how they reach and affect persons with disabilities. Our research further reveals that the gender gap in disability is highly sensitive to measurement issues with different datasets and measures reaching different conclusions about the size and direction of the gap.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 657-681
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1299136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1299136
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:657-681




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chi Huu Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Chi Huu
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Christophe J. Nordman
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordman
Title: Household Entrepreneurship and Social Networks: Panel Data Evidence from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Using a unique panel of household businesses for Vietnam, this paper sheds light on the links between households’ and entrepreneurs’ social networks and business performance. We address two related questions. The first question asks if we can find evidence of a differentiated effect of employment of members of the family versus hired workers on the business performance. A second question tackles the respective effects of various dimensions of social networks on business technical efficiency. The hypothesis is that, beyond the channel of labour productivity, entrepreneurs that are confronted with an unfavourable social environment may produce less efficiently and realise a lower output than what could be possible with the same amount of resources. We find evidence of a marginal productivity differential between family and hired labour and highlight results consistent with the presence of adverse social network effects faced by households running a business, in particular ethnic minorities. We also stress the importance of professional networks for successful entrepreneurship.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 594-618
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303668
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303668
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:594-618




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rohan Sweeney
Author-X-Name-First: Rohan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sweeney
Author-Name: Marc Suhrcke
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Suhrcke
Author-Name: Yun Joo Jeon
Author-X-Name-First: Yun Joo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeon
Author-Name: Duncan Mortimer
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: Mortimer
Title: The Impact of SWAps on Health Aid Displacement of Domestic Health Expenditure
Abstract: 
 Recent research suggests that an additional $1 of health aid would displace – or crowd out – nearly the same amount in a recipient government’s own health expenditure. Implementing a Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) may exacerbate crowding out because recipient governments should face fewer constraints when allocating health aid. This paper uses rigorous panel data methods to investigate this hypothesised effect of SWAps. We find that SWAps provide not an exacerbating but a potentially protective effect, reducing displacement of government health expenditure. This suggests some aid dollars are more fungible than others, and the mechanism for aid delivery makes a difference.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 719-737
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303670
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303670
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:719-737




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Bayliss
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Bayliss
Author-Name: Elisa Van Waeyenberge
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Waeyenberge
Title: Unpacking the Public Private Partnership Revival
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the recent resurgence of interest in public-private partnerships (PPPs) to provide infrastructure in developing countries. First, the paper demonstrates that there has been a revival of support for private sector participation in infrastructure. Second, the paper argues that this revival differs from earlier attempts to increase the involvement of the private sector in public service provision in a number of respects. In particular, the current support for PPPs is related to an increased availability of global financial capital. Third, the paper considers the implications of this distinct feature of the revival for development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 577-593
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303671
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:577-593




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jakob B. Madsen
Author-X-Name-First: Jakob B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Madsen
Author-Name: Solmaz MOSLEHI
Author-X-Name-First: Solmaz
Author-X-Name-Last: MOSLEHI
Author-Name: Cong WANG
Author-X-Name-First: Cong
Author-X-Name-Last: WANG
Title: What Has Driven the Great Fertility Decline in Developing Countries since 1960?
Abstract: 
 Several developing countries are currently experiencing a significant fertility decline, however, academic economists have paid little attention to this transition. This paper seeks to explain the fertility transition by infant mortality, urbanisation, income, culture and educational attainment of females and males using annual data for 92 developing countries over the period 1960–2014. External instruments are used to deal with endogeneity. The results suggest that increasing per capita income, improved female education and increasing secularisation have been important determinants for declining fertility in the developing world.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 738-757
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1303675
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1303675
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:738-757




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcia M. Croft
Author-X-Name-First: Marcia M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Croft
Author-Name: Maria I. Marshall
Author-X-Name-First: Maria I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall
Author-Name: Martins Odendo
Author-X-Name-First: Martins
Author-X-Name-Last: Odendo
Author-Name: Christine Ndinya
Author-X-Name-First: Christine
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndinya
Author-Name: Naman N. Ondego
Author-X-Name-First: Naman N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ondego
Author-Name: Pamela Obura
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela
Author-X-Name-Last: Obura
Author-Name: Steven G. Hallett
Author-X-Name-First: Steven G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hallett
Title: Formal and Informal Seed Systems in Kenya: Supporting Indigenous Vegetable Seed Quality
Abstract: 
 Indigenous vegetables play an important role in Kenyan food security, but production is limited by poor seed quality. Traditionally, seeds have been traded through informal networks, but a new formal seed sector is emerging. This study assessed the relative potential for formal or informal seed systems to meet the need for high-quality indigenous vegetable seed. By evaluating determinants of farmers’ seed purchasing behaviour, we conclude that informal seed systems have greater potential to meet this need and should be strengthened. This study suggests that policy-makers should use context-specific data to guide decisions on seed policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 758-775
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1308487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1308487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:758-775




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lloyd-Sherlock
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Sherlock
Author-Name: Rosie Mayston
Author-X-Name-First: Rosie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayston
Author-Name: Alberto Acosta
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta
Author-Name: Sara Gallardo
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallardo
Author-Name: Mariella Guerra
Author-X-Name-First: Mariella
Author-X-Name-Last: Guerra
Author-Name: Ana Luisa Sosa
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Luisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Sosa
Author-Name: Veronica Montes de Oca
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica
Author-X-Name-Last: Montes de Oca
Author-Name: Martin Prince
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Prince
Title: Allocating Family Responsibilities for Dependent Older People in Mexico and Peru
Abstract: 
 This paper applies different analytical frameworks to explore processes of family bargaining about providing care for dependent older people in Mexico and Peru. These frameworks include cultural norms, life course effects and material exchange. The paper is based on 19 in-depth qualitative family case studies, which are linked to a wider set of quantitative survey data. Care arrangements and bargaining processes are revealed to be highly gendered, and largely conform to prevailing cultural norms. Rather than neutral and objective, the self-identified role as main carer is found to be subjective and potentially ambiguous. The few men who self-identify as main carers are more likely to play an indirect, organisational role than engage directly in daily care. As such, bargaining mainly relates to which woman performs the main care role, and large family networks mean that there is usually more than one candidate carer. Bargaining can occur inter-generationally and conjugally, but bargaining between siblings is of particular importance. Bargaining is framed by the uncertain trajectory of older people’s care needs, and arrangements are sometimes reconfigured in response to changing care needs or family circumstances. Taking the narratives at face value, the influence of life course effects on bargaining and care arrangements is more obvious than material exchange. There are, however, indications that economic considerations, particularly inheritance, still play an important behind the scenes role.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 682-701
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1308489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1308489
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:682-701




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Ralston
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: Ralston
Author-Name: Enid Schatz
Author-X-Name-First: Enid
Author-X-Name-Last: Schatz
Author-Name: Nirmala Naidoo
Author-X-Name-First: Nirmala
Author-X-Name-Last: Naidoo
Author-Name: Paul Kowal
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Kowal
Title: Including Older Adults in Development Goals: Is Subjective Wellbeing the Answer? A Case Study of Older South Africans
Abstract: 
 Measures of subjective wellbeing are gaining importance as indicators of overall societal progress, yet the majority of studies come from higher income countries. This paper explores the relationship between human development indicators and measures of subjective wellbeing among persons aged 50-plus in South Africa. Using the first nationally representative population-based study of older South Africans, WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO SAGE), this paper adds to a small but growing literature on subjective wellbeing in lower-income countries. Results indicate that education, socio-economic status and health are, in fact, correlated with measures of subjective wellbeing, but the relationships and strength of the relationships differ depending on the measure used to assess wellbeing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 702-718
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1311406
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1311406
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:702-718




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1321875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1321875
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:1b-1b




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amadou Boly
Author-X-Name-First: Amadou
Author-X-Name-Last: Boly
Title: On the Short- and Medium-Term Effects of Formalisation: Panel Evidence from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the consequences of formalisation on the performance of informal firms, using a panel dataset from Vietnam. We find that switching firms (before switching) have higher profit and value added compared to non-switching firms; suggesting heterogeneity. Becoming formal leads to an additional increase in switching firms’ profit and value added. The benefits of formalisation materialise in the short-term (one year) and persist in the longer-term (three or more years). These benefits run through various channels such as better access to powered equipment or higher business association membership; but not better access to credit.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 641-656
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1342817
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1342817
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:641-656




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Viet T. Tran
Author-X-Name-First: Viet T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran
Author-Name: Yabibal M. Walle
Author-X-Name-First: Yabibal M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Walle
Author-Name: Helmut Herwartz
Author-X-Name-First: Helmut
Author-X-Name-Last: Herwartz
Title: Local Financial Development and Household Welfare in Vietnam: Evidence from a Panel Survey
Abstract: 
 We examine the impact of local financial development on household welfare in Vietnam. We employ household-level panel data for the periods 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2013 covering three provinces and measure local financial development at the district, sub-district and village levels. To account for potential endogeneity that could emanate from the fact that local economic development could spur local financial development, we employ a recently suggested method of identification through heteroscedasticity. Our results show that local financial development has a significantly positive effect on household annual income, consumption and consumption smoothing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 619-640
Issue: 4
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385772
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:4:p:619-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Russ
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Russ
Author-Name: Claudia Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg
Author-Name: Richard Damania
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Damania
Author-Name: A. Federico Barra
Author-X-Name-First: A. Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Barra
Author-Name: Rubaba Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Rubaba
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: John Nash
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Nash
Title: Evaluating Transport Infrastructure Projects in Low Data Environments: An Application to Nigeria
Abstract: 
 Transport infrastructure consumes a large fraction of the development assistance envelope. Yet procedures for evaluating transport infrastructure projects are typically ad-hoc. This paper proposes an approach to assess the differential impacts of alternative investment proposals in data constrained environments where conducting reliable impact analyses is difficult. We first demonstrate a technique for estimating the cost of transporting products to markets. We then estimate the impact of improving the road network on economic activity. Finally, we perform simulations to demonstrate a methodology for prioritising alternative investments. The analysis demonstrates a pragmatic, though rigorous, approach for assessing transport infrastructure benefits.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1406-1425
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1308488
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1308488
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1406-1425




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bia Carneiro
Author-X-Name-First: Bia
Author-X-Name-Last: Carneiro
Author-Name: Alessandra Garbero
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Garbero
Title: Supporting Impact with Evidence: A Content Analysis of Project Completion Reports
Abstract: 
 Project Completion Reports (PCRs) are used by development institutions to tell a project’s story – achievements, failures, and learning. As such, they should provide evidence of effectiveness in bringing about development. But is this the case? Descriptive content analysis was applied to assess the extent of evidentiary support presented in the International Fund for Agricultural Development's end of project documentation, employing a custom conceptual framework to classify claims about project results found in PCRs based on results level, tone, evidence sources, and themes. Findings show the majority of claims relate to output or outcome level results and are positive, though not explicitly supported by evidence. The lack of evidence-based reporting carries implications to the objective measurement of development effectiveness.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1426-1449
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1324148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1324148
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth A. Holcombe
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Holcombe
Author-Name: Erlend Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Erlend
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg
Author-Name: Sarah Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Malcolm G. Anderson
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson
Author-Name: Niels Holm-Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Niels
Author-X-Name-Last: Holm-Nielsen
Title: Does Participation Lead to Ongoing Infrastructure Maintenance? Evidence from Caribbean Landslide Mitigation Projects
Abstract: 
 Donor-funded infrastructure projects may focus on construction and neglect longer-term sustainability. Engaging local communities has been proposed as way of inducing ongoing maintenance by facilitating coordination and a sense of ownership, but there is little evidence on its effectiveness in practice. We analyse data from inspections of 103 landslide hazard mitigation drains in Saint Lucia several years after construction. We conclude that community participation at the beginning of the project, by accessing local knowledge, is associated with improved construction quality, but appears to have no impact on subsequent maintenance, suggesting that contractual provision for maintenance may be required.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1374-1391
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1327658
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1374-1391




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siddharth Sareen
Author-X-Name-First: Siddharth
Author-X-Name-Last: Sareen
Author-Name: Iben Nathan
Author-X-Name-First: Iben
Author-X-Name-Last: Nathan
Title: Under What Conditions Can Local Government Nurture Indigenous People’s Democratic Practice? A Case Study of Two Ho Village Assemblies in Jharkhand
Abstract: 
 This paper asks whether and under what conditions participatory local government can best nurture indigenous peoples’ democratic practice. Based on fieldwork in two similar Ho communities in the Indian state Jharkhand, we show that their village assemblies function differently with regard to meetings, wood access regulation, development projects, and participation. Neither prevents exclusion and co- option. This supports the argument that while local governments can hardly challenge existing power structures, they can under certain conditions nurture democratic practice and democratisation. Our study indicates that high literacy, social cohesion, active state support, and proactive leadership are conditions under which this best happens.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1354-1373
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1329523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1329523
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1354-1373




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melissa Quetulio Navarra
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Quetulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Navarra
Author-Name: Anke Niehof
Author-X-Name-First: Anke
Author-X-Name-Last: Niehof
Author-Name: Wander van der Vaart
Author-X-Name-First: Wander van der
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaart
Author-Name: Hilje van der Horst
Author-X-Name-First: Hilje
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Horst
Author-Name: Hester Moerbeek
Author-X-Name-First: Hester
Author-X-Name-Last: Moerbeek
Title: History and Institutions in the Rebuilding of Social Capital after Forced Resettlement in the Philippines and Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Resettlement results in the loss of social capital from which poor households can draw resources for sustenance, survival and wellbeing. While Putnam deems social capital formation as pre-determined by a community’s history of civic engagement, the institutional view argues that social capital is generated through the institutions’ interventions. Utilising a comparative approach involving two resettlement sites, one in the Philippines and one in Indonesia, this article presents findings on the explanatory power of these two perspectives. The Philippine case is greatly influenced by the institutional interventions while the Indonesian case testifies to the validity of the theoretical perspective of Putnam.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1392-1405
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1336540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1336540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1392-1405




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Awa Sanou
Author-X-Name-First: Awa
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanou
Author-Name: Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie
Author-X-Name-First: Lenis Saweda O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Liverpool-Tasie
Author-Name: Robert Shupp
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Shupp
Title: Eliciting Risk Attitudes in the Field: Surveys or Experimental Methods? An Empirical Comparison in Rural Niger
Abstract: 
 We compare several risk preference elicitation methods – including incentivised, non-incentivised, and framed methods as well as a traditional Likert survey question – in a developing country and empirically test how well consequent measures of risk attitudes predict risk taking behaviour. We find that Likert scale and non-incentivised framed survey questions are not sufficient substitutes for costlier incentivised methods in rural Niger. Instead, the incentivised framed question works best while a simplified incentivised lottery question works almost as well. More risk and ambiguity averse farmers are less likely to adopt fertiliser microdosing indicating the importance of insurance and strategies to promote learning.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1450-1470
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1404034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1450-1470




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Okan Yilmaz
Author-X-Name-First: Okan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yilmaz
Title: Female Autonomy, Social Norms and Intimate Partner Violence against Women in Turkey
Abstract: 
 The theoretical literature asserts that intimate partner violence against women stems from inequalities within the relationship, and it strengthens both male power and control, and female subordination. Using Structural Equation Modelling, this paper addresses the two-way relationship between intimate partner violence and female autonomy in Turkey. Consistent with the theory, we find that (1) violence has a significant and negative effect on female autonomy; and (2) the incidence of violence decreases with the level of female autonomy. We also find that intimate partner violence is an increasing function of the strength of men’s commitment to social norms upholding traditional gender roles.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1321-1337
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414185
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414185
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1321-1337




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kausik Chaudhuri
Author-X-Name-First: Kausik
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhuri
Author-Name: Gaston Yalonetzky
Author-X-Name-First: Gaston
Author-X-Name-Last: Yalonetzky
Title: The State of Female Autonomy in India: A Stochastic Dominance Approach
Abstract: 
 The promotion of female autonomy is both intrinsically and instrumentally desirable. We document differences in the distribution of female autonomy in India (using the National Family Health Survey 2005–2006) addressing two methodological challenges: the multidimensional nature of the concept and its frequent measurement with ordinal variables (which are not amenable to direct comparisons of social averages). We tackle these challenges with three methods based on stochastic dominance techniques suited for ordinal and dichotomous variables. Whenever these dominance conditions hold for a pairwise comparison, we can conclude that the multidimensional autonomy distribution in one state is more desirable than in another one across a broad range of criteria for the individual and social welfare evaluation of autonomy. Consistently across the three methods, we find that most of the states with better autonomy distributions (in pairwise comparisons) come from the north east and the south, whereas most of the states with worse autonomy distributions come from the north.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1338-1353
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414186
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414186
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1338-1353




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elise Klein
Author-X-Name-First: Elise
Author-X-Name-Last: Klein
Author-Name: Paola Ballon
Author-X-Name-First: Paola
Author-X-Name-Last: Ballon
Title: Rethinking Measures of Psychological Agency: A Study on the Urban Fringe of Bamako
Abstract: 
 Attempts to measure psychological agency have drawn on social psychology scholarship. Nonetheless, it is well documented that the Euro/American psychology paradigm is challenged by its tendency to universalise its theories. This raises a challenge for development scholars trying to measure the psychological domain; especially regarding understanding what the psychological domain may mean to people outside the Western liberal tradition. We examine the use of theoretical measures of psychological agency against local concepts of psychological agency from a neighbourhood on the urban fringe of Bamako. We conclude that there is no clear association between local and theoretical measures of psychological agency and therefore there is a need to include local and theoretical measures in the study of agency.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1284-1302
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414187
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414187
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1284-1302




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paola Ballon
Author-X-Name-First: Paola
Author-X-Name-Last: Ballon
Title: A Structural Equation Model of Female Empowerment
Abstract: 
 This paper proposes a structural equation model to measure and explain female empowerment in Cambodia. Empowerment is defined as the decision-making ability of a woman regarding her strategic and non-strategic life choices. Grounded in the Capability Approach and in the gender economics literature this conceptualisation accounts for three key elements: resources, values/traditions, and decision-outcomes. These elements interact into a system of structural equations where a latent variable is specified to measure empowerment; decision-outcomes enter as partial metrics of empowerment; and resources, and values/traditions are modelled as exogenous factors. Stochastic dominance analysis is used to compare the empowerment status of women across life choices.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1303-1320
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414189
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414189
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1303-1320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paola Ballon
Author-X-Name-First: Paola
Author-X-Name-Last: Ballon
Author-Name: Gaston Yalonetzky
Author-X-Name-First: Gaston
Author-X-Name-Last: Yalonetzky
Title: Introduction to Special Section: Quantitative Approaches to the Measurement and Analysis of Female Empowerment and Agency
Abstract: 
 This special issue presents four novel applications of quantitative methods to address measurement and analytical issues in the appraisal of female empowerment and agency. The methods presented comprise mixed methods, dominance analysis and structural equation models. The use of these methods is illustrated with empirical applications in Cambodia, India, Mali, and Turkey.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1279-1283
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414191
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414191
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1279-1283




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Scheba
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Scheba
Title: The Delusion of Knowledge Transfer: The Impact of Foreign Aid Experts on Policy-Making in South Africa and Tanzania
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1471-1472
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1439267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1439267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1471-1472




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aurelie Charles
Author-X-Name-First: Aurelie
Author-X-Name-Last: Charles
Title: Economics of the Anthropocene Age by Adolfo Figueroa New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017, 272 pp., £70.00, ISBN 978-3-319-62584-3
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1472-1473
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1452133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1452133
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1472-1473




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1474-1482
Issue: 8
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1463635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1463635
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:8:p:1474-1482




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marin Ferry
Author-X-Name-First: Marin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferry
Author-Name: Marc Raffinot
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Raffinot
Title: Curse or Blessing? Has the Impact of Debt Relief Lived up to Expectations? A Review of the Effects of the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiatives for Low-Income Countries
Abstract: 
 As the multilateral debt relief initiatives draw to a close, this article reviews the impacts of debt relief to low-income countries (LICs) building on both the theoretical and empirical literature of past decades. We show that, while the pioneering studies of the early 2000s are inconclusive, the most recent analyses overcome certain methodological impediments to highlight significant multilateral debt relief initiative effects. These analyses hence suggest that these large-scale programmes may well have met expectations, at least in part.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1867-1891
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1499895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1499895
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:1867-1891




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yonatan Dinku
Author-X-Name-First: Yonatan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dinku
Author-Name: David Fielding
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding
Author-Name: Murat Genç
Author-X-Name-First: Murat
Author-X-Name-Last: Genç
Title: Neighbourhood Ethnic Diversity, Child Health Outcomes and Women’s Empowerment
Abstract: 
 Much of the existing literature suggests that ethnic diversity undermines economic development. However, there are also ways in which local ethnic diversity might be beneficial, and we show that in the case of Ethiopian child health, the benefits of diversity can outweigh the costs. We find that children in relatively diverse communities are better nourished and more likely to receive a full set of vaccinations. There is some evidence that one explanation for this effect is that women in relatively diverse communities are better informed about health issues and more empowered in making healthcare decisions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1909-1927
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1502876
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1502876
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:1909-1927




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincenzo Memoli
Author-X-Name-First: Vincenzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Memoli
Author-Name: Mario Quaranta
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Quaranta
Title: Economic Evaluations, Economic Freedom, and Democratic Satisfaction in Africa
Abstract: 
 This article assesses the relationship between democratic satisfaction and micro and macroeconomic factors in Africa. Studies have shown that economic factors represent a cornerstone of the democratic process. However, research has rarely accounted for the effect of economic freedom on satisfaction with democracy, and its conditional role on the effect of citizens’ economic evaluations, particularly in the context of Africa where democracy is still developing. Using various rounds of the Afrobarometer, the article analyses the link between citizens’ evaluations of the economy and economic freedom with their satisfaction with democracy in 32 African countries between 2002 and 2013. First, the findings show that the openness of the economic context and positive economic evaluations are associated with an increase in democratic satisfaction. Second, economic freedom and economic evaluations appear to have a conditional association with democratic satisfaction. In fact, positive economic evaluations are a less important factor for democratic satisfaction in contexts that have a freer economy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1928-1946
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1502880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1502880
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:1928-1946




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tagel Gebrehiwot
Author-X-Name-First: Tagel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebrehiwot
Author-Name: Carolina Castilla
Author-X-Name-First: Carolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Castilla
Title: Do Safety Net Transfers Improve Diets and Reduce Undernutrition? Evidence from Rural Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 In this paper we examine the impact of the Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on household dietary diversity and child nutrition using both waves of the Ethiopian Socioeconomic Survey. For identification, we use various methodologies. Results indicate consistently that PSNP has not had the desired effect on household dietary diversity or child nutrition regardless of model specification or methodology, suggesting that perhaps the transfers need to be paired with additional interventions such as information about nutrition.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1947-1966
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1502881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1502881
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:1947-1966




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kashi Kafle
Author-X-Name-First: Kashi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kafle
Author-Name: Hope Michelson
Author-X-Name-First: Hope
Author-X-Name-Last: Michelson
Author-Name: Alex Winter-Nelson
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Winter-Nelson
Title: His, Hers, or Ours: Impacts of a Training and Asset Transfer Programme on Intra-Household Decision-Making in Zambia
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the effects of a multifaceted asset transfer programme on the decision-making dynamics of smallholder households. Constructing separate indexes of participation in household decision-making for adult females and males, and using difference-in-differences to assess the impact of livestock transfer and training, we find evidence that these interventions increased the share of decisions in which individuals participated, regardless of gender. Increases in decision-making participation by both men and women are driven by an increase in joint decision-making within the household on the extensive margin. Decisions made jointly by men and women increased by 16 per cent across all household activities, with statistically significant declines in independent decision-making by men and women. Findings are encouraging given the evidence of welfare gains associated both with increases in participation in decision-making by women as well as increased cooperation within households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2046-2064
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1516868
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1516868
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:2046-2064




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Cuesta
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuesta
Author-Name: Laura Maratou-Kolias
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Maratou-Kolias
Title: WASH and Nutrition Synergies: The Case of Tunisia
Abstract: 
 This paper develops a simple econometric strategy to operationalise the United Nations Children’s Fund’s (UNICEF’s) conceptual framework for nutrition. It estimates the extent to which child stunting correlates with investments in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) across population groups (poor and nonpoor) and residence (urban and rural). Moving away from estimating single intervention marginal returns, the empirical framework of intervention packages is tested in Tunisia, a country with notable but uneven progress in reducing stunting. A successful nutritional strategy will thereby require mapping the distinctive intervention packages by residence and socio-economic status, away from universal policies, that more strongly correlate with reduction in stunting.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2024-2045
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1516870
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1516870
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:2024-2045




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asif Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Asif
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: Amparo Palacios Lopez
Author-X-Name-First: Amparo
Author-X-Name-Last: Palacios Lopez
Author-Name: Mohammad Amin
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin
Title: Decomposing the Labour Productivity Gap between Migrant-Owned and Native-Owned Firms in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Migration studies have been primarily based on the movement of individuals from developing to developed economies, with a focus on the impact of migrants on host country wages. In this study we take a different angle by exploring the labour productivity of migrant-owned firms versus native-owned firms in 20 African economies using firm-level data. We find that labour productivity is 78 per cent higher in migrant-owned firms than native-owned firms. Using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method we find that structural effects account for 80 per cent of the labour productivity gap. Returns to manager education largely explain the productivity advantage of migrant-owned firms over native-owned firms. Interactions with the government, access to finance, informality, and power outages are also considerable contributors to the labour productivity gap.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2065-2082
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1520215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1520215
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:2065-2082




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giang Thi Hoang Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Giang Thi Hoang
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Ben White
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Author-Name: Chunbo Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Chunbo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Title: When Faced with Income and Asset Shocks, Do Poor Rural Households in Vietnam Smooth Food Consumption or Assets?
Abstract: 
 Vietnamese rural households are exposed to severe covariate and idiosyncratic shocks. However, these households are remarkably resilient and have steadily increased real income and consumption over the survey period 2006 to 2012. To explain household strategies to cope with shocks we test three theoretical models: the Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH), Complete Market Hypothesis (CMH), and Asset Smoothing Theory (AST). There is support for AST as households smooth productive assets rather than consumption; and for CMH as households smooth consumption against idiosyncratic, but not covariate shocks. There is no support for PIH.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2008-2023
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1528350
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1528350
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:2008-2023




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: César Salazar
Author-X-Name-First: César
Author-X-Name-Last: Salazar
Author-Name: Hailemariam Ayalew
Author-X-Name-First: Hailemariam
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayalew
Author-Name: Peter Fisker
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Fisker
Title: Weather Shocks and Spatial Market Efficiency: Evidence from Mozambique
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper is to study the association between weather shocks (droughts and floods) and agricultural market performance in Mozambique. To do so, we employ a dyadic regression analysis on monthly maize prices, transport costs, and spatial identification of markets as well as droughts and flooded areas. Our estimates show that, while a drought reduces price differences between markets, price dispersion increases during flood periods, an effect that is mainly driven by increases in transport costs. Finally, floods are found to affect price differences more if markets are closer to each other and if the road infrastructure quality is poor. An important implication of our results is that markets show some degree of efficiency during supply shock periods in Mozambique. However, spatial market integration continues to be insufficient, probably due to high transfer costs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1967-1982
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1528352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1528352
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:9:p:1967-1982




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nazaire Houssou
Author-X-Name-First: Nazaire
Author-X-Name-Last: Houssou
Author-Name: Collins Asante-Addo
Author-X-Name-First: Collins
Author-X-Name-Last: Asante-Addo
Author-Name: Kwaw S. Andam
Author-X-Name-First: Kwaw S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andam
Author-Name: Catherine Ragasa
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Ragasa
Title: How Can African Governments Reach Poor Farmers with Fertiliser Subsidies? Exploring a Targeting Approach in Ghana
Abstract: 
 African governments have been pursuing reforms to improve the targeting of fertiliser subsidy programmes, but recent experience suggests that these reforms have not ensured that subsidies reach intended beneficiaries. Using a targeting approach based on proxy means tests with carefully selected indicators, this paper suggests that Ghana’s fertiliser subsidy programmes can be targeted to the country’s poor and smallholder farmers more efficiently and more cost-effectively. While a universal subsidy in 2012 is estimated to have reached 11 per cent of poor farmers, the proposed targeting approach would have reached 70 per cent of the poor farmers in northern Ghana and 50 per cent of poor farmers in southern Ghana. Targeting reduces the costs of leakages by about 72 per cent, thus justifying the costs of administering targeted programmes using the poverty proxies. Furthermore, we show that once the initial models are constructed, the targeting approach can be used for nearly 20 years without any significant losses in accuracy. We propose that policy-makers should consider implementing this targeting approach on a pilot scale involving a few communities and, if found successful in practice, in a larger-scale programme.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1983-2007
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1528353
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1528353
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helen E. S. Nesadurai
Author-X-Name-First: Helen E. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nesadurai
Title: Transnational Private Governance as a Developmental Driver in Southeast Asia: The Case of Sustainable Palm Oil Standards in Indonesia and Malaysia
Abstract: 
 This paper explores why and how voluntary private sustainability governance initiated by corporations and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) extends its regulatory purview to incorporate developmental strategies aimed at upgrading smallholder practices. Using the case of palm oil in Indonesia and Malaysia and by extending insights from club theory, global production networks, and developmental states, the paper identifies the conditions under which private regulatory standards catalyse private developmental interventions that are nevertheless analogous to the industrial policies, financial incentives, and institutions of the classic developmental states. It was when the credibility of private sustainability standards was challenged by the low-yielding and environmentally-unsustainable cultivation practices of smallholder growers of palm oil that private governors and globally-oriented palm oil corporations who depend on smallholder suppliers worked with NGOs to support smallholder agricultural upgrading, in turn enhancing productivity, sustainable cultivation practices, and livelihoods. Such private developmental interventions involve supply chain mapping, knowledge service partnerships, and brokered overarching meta-partnerships that may be regarded as functional analogues of classic developmental state practices and institutions, namely performance monitoring, technological support, and coordination of multiple actors to form wider innovation networks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1892-1908
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1536262
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Chemouni
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chemouni
Title: Western Dominance in International Relations? The Internationalisation of IR in Brazil and India
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2083-2084
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1558506
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2085-2088
Issue: 9
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1617022
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1617022
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial board
Journal: 
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422398
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Fox
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Fox
Title: Governance and rural development in Mexico: State intervention and public accountability
Abstract: 
 Pro‐market economic reforms are usually associated with the regulatory withdrawal of the state. In some policy areas, however, successful implementation of pro‐market reforms poses powerful challenges to the institutional capacity of the state. In the case of Mexico's ambitious rural development reforms, the withdrawal of past patterns of heavy‐handed state economic intervention has been accompanied by the construction of new regulatory institutions that maintain significant central state involvement in rural life. This article analyses the restructuring of state intervention in four policy areas: rural economic development, decentralisation to rural municipalities, efforts to improve the administration of justice, and the electoral process in rural areas. The first two sets of reforms are influenced by the second two: economic development and decentralisation are influenced by the administration of justice and democratisation. The governance challenges posed by the complexity of the rural economic policy reforms are compounded by the persistent political constraints on the construction of more accountable public institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-30
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422399
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422399
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael McPherson
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: McPherson
Title: The hazards of small firms in Southern Africa
Abstract: 
 Small enterprises are a ubiquitous feature of the economies of many developing countries. This study is the first to examine the duration of their survival using economic theory and modern econometric techniques. Using data sets from surveys conducted in four southern African countries, I estimate a proportional hazards model describing the closure rates of a sample of approximately 21,000 firms. There is an inverse relationship between enterprise growth rates and the closure hazard. The sector where it operates influences the hazard, as does its location. In some countries female‐headed firms are at a survival disadvantage compared to their male counterparts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 31-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422400
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422400
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gina Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Gina
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Author-Name: Kevin Phillips‐Howard
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips‐Howard
Title: Farmers, labourers and the company: Exploring relationships on a Transkei contract farming scheme
Abstract: 
 This article explores relationships and tensions on a sugar contract farming scheme in the former homeland of Transkei, just after the elections which returned Transkei constitutionally to South Africa. Company, outgrower and labour perceptions of current issues are presented. The relevance of the findings for the debates about contract farming in Africa and about land in South Africa is considered. The study firstly emphasises the complexity of the land issue even in the former homelands of South Africa and, secondly, shows the importance of examining contract schemes in their totality; to base evaluation on the outgrower component alone is insufficient.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 55-73
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422401
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pradeep Chhibber
Author-X-Name-First: Pradeep
Author-X-Name-Last: Chhibber
Title: Political parties, electoral competition, government expenditures and economic reform in India
Abstract: 
 Political analysis of economic policy‐making in India has tended to downplay the role of political parties while stressing the influence of classes and the state. This article reports the results of an attempt to understand policy‐making in India in terms of political parties and their electoral concerns. The analysis will illustrate the extent to which changing patterns of government expenditures can be understood as a result of the emergence of electoral competition to the Congress party. This focus on political parties will also offer an additional perspective on the ability of the ruling party in India to undertake the economic reform necessary for sustained economic growth.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 74-96
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422402
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422402
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mokhlis Zaki
Author-X-Name-First: Mokhlis
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaki
Title: Forecasting the money multiplier and the control of money supply in Egypt
Abstract: 
 This article investigates whether money supply control through the multiplier‐monetary base framework is possible in Egypt. It was found that such a procedure would not have been possible between 1952 and 1990 when the financial needs of the Egyptian government dictated changes in high‐powered money. It was found that the ‘aggregate’ forecasting approach of the money multiplier provided satisfactory results, while the ‘component’ method did not. It is argued that changes in policy since 1991 would provide for better control over the monetary base and greater predictability of the money multiplier.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 97-111
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422403
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422403
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon
Title: On market integration and liberalisation: Method and application to Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 The article suggests further improvements in the methodology to analyse market integration. It provides corrections to and methodological extensions of recent work in this journal. It also presents a way of applying market integration techniques to the analysis of shocks such as market liberalisation and war. The method is applied to the effects of liberalisation and the end of the civil war on food markets in Ethiopia. The conclusion is that liberalisation had important effects on the long‐run and short‐run integration of food markets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 112-143
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422404
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422404
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Author-Name: John Wyeth
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Wyeth
Title: Causality testing in models of spatial market integration: A comment on an article by Stefan Dercon
Journal: 
Pages: 144-146
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422405
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Booth
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth
Author-Name: Hae‐Du Hwang
Author-X-Name-First: Hae‐Du
Author-X-Name-Last: Hwang
Author-Name: James Sidaway
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Sidaway
Author-Name: Mogens Holm
Author-X-Name-First: Mogens
Author-X-Name-Last: Holm
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: 
 The Philippines: The Political Economy of Growth and Impoverishment in the Marcos Era. By James K. Boyce. Basingstoke: Macmillan in association with the OECD Development Centre, 1993. Pp.xv + 405. £40 and £19.50. ISBN 0333 558545 and 558553Structural Adjustment in a Newly Industrialised Country: The Korean Experience. Edited by V. Corbo and S. Suh. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press for the World Bank, 1992. Pp.376. £24.97 (US$39.50). ISBN 0 8018 4328 6United States Foreign Policy towards Africa: Incrementalism, Crisis and Change. By Peter J. Schraeder. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp.xiii + 347. £40 and £9.95. ISBN 0 521 44439 X and 46677 6Tropical Africa. By Tony Binns. London and New York: Routledge, 1994 (Routledge Introductions to Development). Pp.xii + 366. £14.99 (paperback). ISBN 0 582 30147 5
Journal: 
Pages: 147-154
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422406
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Collard
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Collard
Title: Book note
Abstract: 
 The Quality of Life. By Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Pp.xi + 453. £45. ISBN 0 19 828395 4
Journal: 
Pages: 155-155
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422407
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siân Butcher
Author-X-Name-First: Siân
Author-X-Name-Last: Butcher
Title: Making and Governing Unstable Territory: Corporate, State and Public Encounters in Johannesburg’s Mining Land, 1909–2013
Abstract: 
 Johannesburg’s mining land has defined the city’s geography, yet remains unevenly developed and liminal in urban policy. Rather than a planning failure, I argue this is a product of state-sanctioned corporate hegemony over mining land. Through the case of Johannesburg’s biggest mining-turned-property company, the paper problematises binaries of ‘state’ and ‘market’ by drawing out the deeply historical, spatialised, political and always-more-than-human vicissitudes of this mining-urban regime. These include the mapping and unmapping that render mining land terra incognita to the state while shoring up corporate power; the multiple visions and contestations over what is to be done with the land, and finally, how different and contingent temporalities shape and limit those visions in practise.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2186-2209
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460464
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460464
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Charlton
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Charlton
Title: Confounded but Complacent: Accounting for How the State Sees Responses to Its Housing Intervention in Johannesburg
Abstract: 
 The South African state’s ‘will to improve’ poor people’s lives through free home-ownership is unsettled by subsequent unauthorised housing usage and adaptions. Despite insight into and empathy for these non-compliant activities amongst some state housing practitioners, the dominant state position is to denounce them without analysing their drivers and significance. This position is enabled by the state’s selective use of knowledge, confidence in the housing project as is, and avoidance of discomforting signals. The ‘will to improve’ is not matched by a deep ‘will to know’, in part because the capacity to act under difficult circumstances is argued to depend on a form of ‘not knowing’.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2168-2185
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460465
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margot Rubin
Author-X-Name-First: Margot
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubin
Title: At the Borderlands of Informal Practices of the State: Negotiability, Porosity and Exceptionality
Abstract: 
 Using local land registration practices in four ‘gray’ settlements in South Africa, I demonstrate a host of local state practices. These can be seen as falling into one of three typologies – negotiability, porosity, and exceptionality – and demonstrate the highly negotiable nature of engagements between the local government and informal communities. Furthermore, the cases speak back to the idea of informal practices of the state, showing its utility and limits at the micro-scale and offering insight into the motivations of the state for engaging in such practices and their potential for offering more progressive forms of engagement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2227-2242
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460466
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:12:p:2227-2242




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chloé Buire
Author-X-Name-First: Chloé
Author-X-Name-Last: Buire
Title: Intimate Encounters with the State in Post-War Luanda, Angola
Abstract: 
 Since the end of the war in 2002, Luanda has become an iconic site of urban transformation in the context of a particularly entrenched oligarchic regime. In practice however, urban dwellers are often confronted with a ‘deregulated system’ that fails to advance a coherent developmental agenda. The paper narrates the trajectory of a family forcibly removed from the old city to the periphery. It shows how city-dwellers experience the control of the party-state through a series of encounters with authority across the city. Questioning the intentionality of a state that appears at the same time omnipotent and elusive, openly violent and subtly hegemonic, the paper reveals the fine mechanisms through which consent is fabricated in the intimacy of the family.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2210-2226
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460467
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Bénit-Gbaffou
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Bénit-Gbaffou
Title: Beyond the Policy-Implementation Gap: How the City of Johannesburg Manufactured the Ungovernability of Street Trading
Abstract: 
 Contemporary cities are said to have become ‘ungovernable’, especially in the Global South. They are certainly more difficult to govern due to the complexification of states’ apparatus (under the double dynamics of neoliberalisation and decentralisation), cities’ larger size, massive poverty, and informality. Yet, the ungovernability thesis arguably stems from a theoretical shift, from local government to urban governance, that has rendered the questions of steering, political choices, and accountability almost impossible to conceptualise. Unpacking the policy instruments used to govern street trading in Johannesburg, the paper shows that its so-called ‘ungovernability’ was largely manufactured by municipal choices.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2149-2167
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460468
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460468
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Bénit-Gbaffou
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Bénit-Gbaffou
Title: Unpacking State Practices in City-Making,in Conversations with Ananya Roy
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2139-2148
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460469
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ananya Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Ananya
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: The Potency of the State: Logics of Informality and Subalternity
Abstract: 
 This article serves as an epilogue to the special issue curated by Claire Bénit-Gbaffou and Sarah Charlton with a focus on state power and the concept of informality. In my reflection, I examine the specificity of statecraft in the context of postcolonial government. In particular, I analyse political potency as a relationship between the state and subaltern subjects. Also at stake in this paper is the question of comparative and transnational analysis. In what ways can concepts generated through the study of processes of urban informality in India speak to the production of illegality and the reproduction of rule in South Africa?
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2243-2246
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1460470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1460470
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Roche
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Roche
Title: Why We Lie about Aid: Development and the Messy Politics of Change
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2247-2248
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1483223
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1483223
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Telleria
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Telleria
Title: Multipolar Globalization: Emerging Economies and Development
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2248-2249
Issue: 12
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1490511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1490511
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol Newman
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Newman
Author-Name: John Page
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Page
Author-Name: John Rand
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Rand
Author-Name: Abebe Shimeles
Author-X-Name-First: Abebe
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimeles
Author-Name: Måns Söderbom
Author-X-Name-First: Måns
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderbom
Author-Name: Finn Tarp
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp
Title: Linked-in by FDI: The Role of Firm-Level Relationships for Knowledge Transfers in Africa and Asia
Abstract: 
 This study combines evidence from interviews in seven countries with (i) government institutions responsible for attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), (ii) 102 multinationals (MNEs), and (iii) 226 domestic firms linked to these foreign affiliates as suppliers, customers, or competitors, to identify whether relations between MNEs and domestic firms lead to direct transfers of knowledge/technology. We first document that there are relatively few linkages between MNEs and domestic firms in sub-Saharan Africa compared with Asia. However, when linkages are present in sub-Saharan Africa they raise the likelihood of direct knowledge/technology transfers from MNEs to domestic firms as compared to linked-in firms in Asia. Finally, we do not find that direct knowledge/technology transfers are more likely to occur through FDI than through trade. As such our results are not consistent with the view that tacit knowledge transfers are more likely to occur through localised linkages.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 451-468
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1585813
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1585813
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Castillo
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Castillo
Author-Name: Lucas Figal Garone
Author-X-Name-First: Lucas
Author-X-Name-Last: Figal Garone
Author-Name: Alessandro Maffioli
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Maffioli
Author-Name: Sofia Rojo
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Rojo
Author-Name: Rodolfo Stucchi
Author-X-Name-First: Rodolfo
Author-X-Name-Last: Stucchi
Title: Knowledge Spillovers through Labour Mobility: An Employer–Employee Analysis
Abstract: 
 Using a 16-year employer–employee panel dataset that contains the entire population of firms and workers in Argentina, this paper provides evidence of the benefits of public support for firm-level innovation for the firms that received support, the workers who were employed by them, and the firms that hired beneficiary workers. The results confirm that participant firms improve their performance and generate valuable productive knowledge, which spills over to workers who directly participated in the program and is diffused through labour mobility to other firms. The worker-level results show that workers exposed to innovation projects receive higher wages. High-skilled workers receive most of the benefits from exposure to innovation, and the wage premium is higher for workers who moved to other firms. At the firm level, the paper provides evidence that hiring workers previously exposed to innovation projects is associated with an increase in firm performance. The findings suggest that labour mobility is an important mechanism for transmitting knowledge between firms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 469-488
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1605057
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1605057
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sankar Mukhopadhyay
Author-X-Name-First: Sankar
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhopadhyay
Author-Name: Miaomiao Zou
Author-X-Name-First: Miaomiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zou
Title: Will Skill-Based Immigration Policies Lead to Lower Remittances? An Analysis of the Relations between Education, Sponsorship, and Remittances
Abstract: 
 As more and more developed countries adopt policies that favour highly educated immigrants, the impact of such policies on developing countries remains unclear. Some researchers have argued that migrants who are more educated tend to bring their immediate family members to host countries, and thus, send less money to source countries in remittances. While a number of papers have documented the relationship between education and remittance, whether that is related to sponsorship decisions remains under-explored. Using individual-level panel data from the New Immigrant Survey, we show that sponsoring family members leads to lower remittances. Furthermore, we show that college educated immigrants from high-income families are less likely to sponsor relatives, presumably because of the relatively higher opportunity cost of migration of their relatives. Together, these two results suggest a positive association between education and remittances, which is, indeed, what we find in the data. Our extended analysis shows that alternative explanations (such as higher income of more educated immigrants, or repaying implicit educational loans) cannot completely explain the positive association between education and remittances. Our results suggest that skill-based immigration policies are likely to result in more remittances.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 489-508
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1585812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1585812
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Enzo Nussio
Author-X-Name-First: Enzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Nussio
Author-Name: Miguel García-Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Sánchez
Author-Name: Ben Oppenheim
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Oppenheim
Author-Name: Sebastián Pantoja-Barrios
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastián
Author-X-Name-Last: Pantoja-Barrios
Title: Testing Statebuilding’s ‘Missing Link’: Effects of Government Communications in Colombia
Abstract: 
 Research from developed countries indicates that improving how government communicates with the public can increase trust in government and satisfaction with public services. In countries affected by violent conflict, communication has even been described as the ‘missing link’ necessary to rebuild a positive relationship between citizen and state. Does this approach work? This paper presents a field experiment implemented in partnership with a Colombian government agency, to test two communication interventions in statebuilding areas. The results suggest limits to these programmes. One treatment – provision of information on service delivery via text messages – led to a reduction in satisfaction with services. For the second treatment – an invitation for citizens to vote on service provision priorities – we can detect no effect. We find evidence that people’s prior beliefs are strong drivers of these results: both treatments had negative effects among people with low political interest and knowledge, suggesting that informational interventions may backfire among precisely the sub-populations that statebuilders seek to engage. Instead of improving perceptions of service delivery, they may have raised expectations among this otherwise apathetic population.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 509-526
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1585815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1585815
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cesar Zucco
Author-X-Name-First: Cesar
Author-X-Name-Last: Zucco
Author-Name: Juan Pablo Luna
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Luna
Author-Name: O. Gokce Baykal
Author-X-Name-First: O. Gokce
Author-X-Name-Last: Baykal
Title: Do Conditionalities Increase Support for Government Transfers?
Abstract: 
 Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) have spread through the developing world in the past two decades. It is often assumed that CCTs enjoy political support in the population precisely because they impose conditions on beneficiaries. This article employs survey experiments in Brazil and Turkey to determine whether, and in what contexts, making government transfers conditional on behaviour of beneficiaries increases political support for the programmes. Results show that conditional transfers are only marginally more popular than similar unconditional transfers in nationally representative samples, but that this difference is substantially larger among the better-off and among those primed to think of themselves as different from beneficiaries. These findings imply that conditionalities per se are not as strong a determinant of support for transfers as the literature suggests, but that they can still be helpful in building support for transfers among subsets of the population that are least likely to support them.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 527-544
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1577388
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577388
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaodong Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaodong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Xiangming Fang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangming
Author-X-Name-Last: Fang
Author-Name: Derek S. Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Derek S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Social Pensions and Child Health in Rural China
Abstract: 
 Social pensions are important cash transfers to the elderly and their families. The pensions may not only affect the wellbeing of the direct recipients, but also have household and intergenerational spillover effects. Using the 2012 and 2014 waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, this paper examines the effect of the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) and its mechanisms on child health in rural China. Our study shows a significant association between the NRPS and the health status of children up to 15 years of age. Moreover, the association of the NRPS with health is larger for children who are boys, ‘left behind’, six to 10 years of age, and in poor health. In addition, we investigate possible mechanisms of the effect, including health consciousness of the caregiver, household sanitation conditions, and high-protein food consumption, and find the increase of child nutrition intake is the main channel through which the NRPS affects child health.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 545-559
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1577387
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577387
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sènakpon F. A. Dedehouanou
Author-X-Name-First: Sènakpon F. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dedehouanou
Author-Name: John McPeak
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: McPeak
Title: Diversify More or Less? Household Income Generation Strategies and Food Security in Rural Nigeria
Abstract: 
 We provide new findings on rural livelihood diversification in Nigeria, using panel data from the Living Standards Measurement Study – Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA). To a large extent, the patterns and the implications of livelihood diversification have been analysed using cross sectional data and a narrow definition of food security in previous studies. In some cases, analysis has been conducted in the absence of shock experiences. We find that some results about the determinants of income diversification in cross sectional analysis also hold true in the panel data setting, while others are only revealed due to the panel nature of the data set. We find that the relationship between wealth and income diversification in rural Nigeria is best categorised as upward sloping with diminishing marginal effects rather than a U shape or an inverted U shape as found in previous studies. We also find that income diversification favours food accessibility, food availability, and food utilisation, and therefore resilience capacities overall. We do not find any evidence that income diversification mitigates or aggravates the impact of shocks, as shock experiences appear to negatively affect food security in spite of income diversification.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 560-577
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1585814
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1585814
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qiran Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Qiran
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Xiaohua Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaohua
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Title: Parental Nutrition Knowledge, Iron Deficiency, and Child Anaemia in Rural China
Abstract: 
 Anaemia is a factor that could affect health and school performance of students and shed a shadow on poverty in the long-run, particularly in rural China. In response, the current literature mainly pays attention to the effect of direct payments such as money and food. Although some literature indicates that a key to children’s nutritional improvement is to increase their parents’ nutrition knowledge, it has not been well studied. The main purpose of this paper is to test whether nutrition knowledge training for parents can significantly decrease anaemia in their children. This article uses a randomised control trial of information intervention for parents of more than 2000 fourth and fifth grade students in 42 randomly selected rural primary schools in northwest China and confirms that parental nutrition knowledge training has a positive effect on students’ haemoglobin level, through the channel of knowledge improvement and dietary change. Specifically, the programme could reduce children’s anaemia by 6.1 per cent in probability, and increase haemoglobin values by 2.8 on average.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 578-595
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1573315
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1573315
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Delelegne A. Tefera
Author-X-Name-First: Delelegne A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tefera
Author-Name: Jos Bijman
Author-X-Name-First: Jos
Author-X-Name-Last: Bijman
Author-Name: Maja A. Slingerland
Author-X-Name-First: Maja A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Slingerland
Title: Multinationals and Modernisation of Domestic Value Chains in Africa: Case Studies from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 Multinationals can facilitate modernisation in food value chains in developing countries. While most studies focus on export chains, insight on domestic food chains is scant. Our study aims to provide detailed insights into the process of upgrading domestic value chains. A rapidly growing beer market has attracted foreign brewery companies to invest in Ethiopia. These foreign brewers have introduced new sourcing structures in order to increase the supply of high quality raw material. We have used a case study design to explore upgrading processes in malt barley chains, where malt barley is both a food and a cash crop. By introducing strong vertical coordination between farmers and buyers, facilitated by producer organisations and NGOs, foreign brewers have been able to upgrade malt barley chains. We found that both farmers and brewers have benefitted from this upgrading process.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 596-612
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1590551
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1590551
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Barazzetta
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Barazzetta
Author-Name: Simon Appleton
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Appleton
Author-Name: Trudy Owens
Author-X-Name-First: Trudy
Author-X-Name-Last: Owens
Title: Hedonic Adaptation to Treatment: Evidence from a Medical Intervention
Abstract: 
 We investigate whether changes in life circumstances lead to long-lasting changes in subjective well-being using a medical intervention that provided orthotic equipment to Ugandan adults with lower limb disabilities. The intervention had a positive effect on mobility and physical health, and treated patients reported a significant improvement in life satisfaction in the first few months after the treatment. However, the effect on subjective well-being was not prolonged. After one year, life satisfaction returned to the pre-treatment levels. The evidence of adaptation is also supported by evidence of changes in patients’ reference levels, in the form of aspirations measured as both the level of income considered sufficient to live well, and the minimum income to make ends meet.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 613-629
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1618450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1618450
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Claire Robitaille
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Robitaille
Title: Conspicuous Daughters: Exogamy, Marriage Expenditures, and Son Preference in India
Abstract: 
 The literature on son preference postulates a strong link between marriage expenditures, dowry practices, and son preference, leading to the elimination of female foetuses and important discriminatory practices against girls. This statement, however, has not, as far as I know, been tested empirically using a representative sample of the Indian population. Using data from the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) conducted in 2005, this paper shows that marriage expenditures by the bride’s family and dowry payments reduce stated son preference, ceteris paribus, supporting the idea that the bride’s family’s marriage expenditures and dowries are Veblen goods. The results, therefore, support the sankritisation theory, as expensive marriage practices are used to enhance social status. This result is robust to a series of robustness check, including the use of revealed son preference. The main drivers behind son preference appear to be exogamy and the need for old age support. Other important factors are religious beliefs and access to modern information (education and media). Finally, this article also shows that lavish marriage expenditures, for both groom’s and bride’s family, reduce fertility.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 630-647
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1618452
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1618452
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keisha Maloney
Author-X-Name-First: Keisha
Author-X-Name-Last: Maloney
Title: The Democracy Development Machine: Neoliberalism, Radical Pessimism and Authoritarian Populism in Mayan Guatemala
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 648-649
Issue: 3
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1697576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1697576
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1228152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1228152
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: XI-XI
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1286101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1286101
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lixing Li
Author-X-Name-First: Lixing
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Xiaoyu Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Number of Siblings, Credit Constraints, and Entrepreneurship in China
Abstract: 
 With an under-developed financial market, borrowing from relatives becomes an important funding source in starting one’s own business in China. This paper examines the positive effect of number of siblings on entrepreneurship, using the policy shock of China’s One-Child Policy as the source of identification. We further show that a person tends to borrow more and save less if he/she has more siblings. We also find that siblings serve as a substitute to formal financial institutions, and that parents do not replace siblings as credit providers after the decline of number of siblings. This additional evidence supports our argument on the credit constraints channel.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1253-1273
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1324147
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1324147
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tigabu D. Getahun
Author-X-Name-First: Tigabu D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Getahun
Author-Name: Espen Villanger
Author-X-Name-First: Espen
Author-X-Name-Last: Villanger
Title: Labour-Intensive Jobs for Women and Development: Intra-household Welfare Effects and Its Transmission Channels
Abstract: 
 We examine the welfare impacts of poor women getting low-skilled jobs and find large positive income, consumption and poverty effects at household and individual levels. However, the women workers, their husbands and oldest daughters reduced their leisure, but the women to a much larger extent. Investigating the transmission mechanisms suggests that the impacts did not only go through income effects, but also through a bargaining effect. Getting the job improved the bargaining power of the wife through several mechanisms, which in turn added substantially to the positive impact on household consumption.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1232-1252
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327661
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1327661
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Krafft
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Krafft
Title: Is School the Best Route to Skills? Returns to Vocational School and Vocational Skills in Egypt
Abstract: 
 This paper tests the assumption that formal education is the best route to job skills. The returns to formal vocational secondary schooling are compared to the returns to acquiring skills outside the education system, such as undertaking an apprenticeship, for male wage workers in Egypt. A unique longitudinal dataset with information on schooling and skills allows for causal inference about returns by comparing siblings. For recent cohorts, the estimated returns to formal vocational secondary education are the same as attaining no formal education. However, the returns to skills obtained outside of formal education are substantial.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1100-1120
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1329524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1329524
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yu Bai
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Bai
Author-Name: Linxiu Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Linxiu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Chengfang Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Chengfang
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Yaojiang Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Yaojiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Di Mo
Author-X-Name-First: Di
Author-X-Name-Last: Mo
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle
Title: Effect of Parental Migration on the Academic Performance of Left Behind Children in North Western China
Abstract: 
 China’s rapid urbanisation has induced large numbers of rural residents to migrate from their homes in the countryside to urban areas in search of higher wages. As a consequence, it is estimated that more than 60 million children in rural China are left behind and live with relatives, typically their paternal grandparents. These children are called Left Behind Children (LBCs). There are concerns about the potential negative effects of parental migration on the academic performance of the LBCs that could be due to the absence of parental care. However, it might also be that when a child’s parents work away from home, their remittances can increase the household’s income and provide more resources and that this can lead to better academic performance. Hence, the net impact of out-migration on the academic performance of LBCs is unclear. This paper examines changes in academic performance before and after the parents of students out-migrate. We draw on a panel dataset collected by the authors of more than 13,000 students at 130 rural primary schools in ethnic minority areas of rural China. Using difference-in-differences and propensity score matching approaches, our results indicate that parental migration has significant, positive impacts on the academic performance of LBCs (which we measure using standardised English test scores). Heterogeneous analysis using our data demonstrates that the positive impact on LBCs is greater for poorer performing students.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1154-1170
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1333108
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1333108
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shatanjaya Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Shatanjaya
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Author-Name: Erin K. Fletcher
Author-X-Name-First: Erin K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletcher
Title: Paying for Violence? Spousal Abuse and Son Preference in India
Abstract: 
 We find a puzzling correlation in the data on domestic violence and children’s outcomes in India. Using the 2005–2006 National Family and Health Survey, we see that girls in families experiencing spousal violence are less worse off than boys when only fathers report a son preference while the gender bias reverses when only mothers report having a son preference. To shed light on the puzzle in the data, we present a non-cooperative theoretical framework based in economic theories of domestic violence, whereby differing parental son preference and bargaining over investments in girl and boy children potentially explains the observed relationship.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1217-1231
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1366450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1366450
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dong Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Dong
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Title: Labour Market Impacts of School Expenditure and Class Size: Evidence from China
Abstract: 
 This study is a first attempt to estimate the impact of school resources on students’ subsequent labour market earnings in China. Combining unprecedented school data from the early 1950s to the 1990s with household survey data in the 2000s, this paper documents that expenditure-per-pupil, a proxy measure of school resources (or quality) has a significant impact on the level of subsequent earnings through its influence on education returns. The positive effect calls for policy intervention aimed at improving education, to be based on the perceived economic return to the quantity as well as the quality components of education.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1137-1153
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1366451
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1366451
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maja Schling
Author-X-Name-First: Maja
Author-X-Name-Last: Schling
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Computer-Assisted Instruction for Child Development: Evidence from an Educational Programme in Rural Zambia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines whether computer-assisted instruction has a positive impact on the literacy and numeracy skills of early grade students. An educational intervention implemented in Zambia integrated technology into classroom activity in order to mitigate weaknesses in teaching skills and address specific unmet student needs. Using a difference-in-difference combined with inverse propensity weights, results show that students’ numeracy and literacy skills are not significantly different from untreated community or government school students. At a third of the cost, the programme is the most cost-effective means of educating children in this poor region of Zambia.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1121-1136
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1366454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1366454
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marshall Makate
Author-X-Name-First: Marshall
Author-X-Name-Last: Makate
Author-Name: Clifton Makate
Author-X-Name-First: Clifton
Author-X-Name-Last: Makate
Title: Educated Mothers, Well-Fed and Healthy Children? Assessing the Impact of the 1980 School Reform on Dietary Diversity and Nutrition Outcomes of Zimbabwean Children
Abstract: 
 We scrutinise the causal influence of schooling on child dietary diversity and nutrition in Zimbabwe using the exogenous variability in schooling prompted by the 1980 education policy, a natural trial fitting a fuzzy regression discontinuity design. We established that a one-year of learning promotes dietary diversity and nutrition even after accounting for plausible mediating factors. Also, education is more liable to impact dietary practices and nutrition through improvements in health knowledge, literacy, wealth and prenatal care utilisation. These findings suggest that promoting schooling access to girls in resource-poor nations might have far-reaching implications on feeding practices and consequently child nutrition.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1196-1216
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1380796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380796
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hai-Anh H. Dang
Author-X-Name-First: Hai-Anh H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dang
Author-Name: Paul W. Glewwe
Author-X-Name-First: Paul W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Glewwe
Title: Well Begun, but Aiming Higher: A Review of Vietnam’s Education Trends in the past 20 Years and Emerging Challenges
Abstract: 
 Given its modest position as a lower-middle-income country, Vietnam stands out from the rest of the world with its remarkable performance on standardised test scores, school enrolment, and completed years of schooling. We provide an overview of the factors behind this exemplary performance both from an institutional viewpoint and by analysing several different data sources, some of which have rarely been used. Some of the highlights are universal primary school enrolment, higher girls’ net enrolment rates, and the role of within-commune individual factors. We further discuss a host of challenges for the country – most of which have received insufficient attention to date.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1171-1195
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1380797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380797
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Abbott
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbott
Title: The Orderly Entrepreneur: Youth, Education and Governance in Rwanda by Catherine A. Honeyman Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2016, 320 pp., £66 (hardback), ISBN: 0804797978
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1274-1275
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1389065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1389065
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Gowing
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Gowing
Title: Drip Irrigation For Agriculture: Untold Stories of Efficiency, Innovation And Development, edited by Venot, Kuper &amp; Zwarteveen, Routledge, Abingdon, UK &amp; New York, USA, 2017, 358 pp., £110, ISBN: 9781138687073
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1275-1276
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1397378
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1397378
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Danielle Kushner
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Kushner
Title: Allies or adversaries: NGOs and the state in Africa, edited by Jennifer N. Brass, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2016, 292 pp., £64.99 (hardback), ISBN 9781316678527
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1276-1277
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1404234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404234
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey
Title: In Recognition of Chris Colclough
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1099-1099
Issue: 7
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1455948
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1455948
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomás Bril-Mascarenhas
Author-X-Name-First: Tomás
Author-X-Name-Last: Bril-Mascarenhas
Author-Name: Aldo Madariaga
Author-X-Name-First: Aldo
Author-X-Name-Last: Madariaga
Title: Business Power and the Minimal State: The Defeat of Industrial Policy in Chile
Abstract: 
 Chile has maintained a limited industrial policy for nearly three decades. Policy resilience during the 2000s and 2010s is especially puzzling given the political and economic context: three Socialist-led administrations; the retreat of the Washington Consensus; resource abundance from the commodity boom; and the decline of the so-called economic ‘miracle’. We present the first comprehensive analysis of industrial policy in post-authoritarian Chile (1990–present) and show the significant political influence of business actors with a preference for limited state intervention in the economy as a mechanism of policy reproduction.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1047-1066
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1417587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1417587
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction to: Business Power and the Minimal State: The Defeat of Industrial Policy in Chile
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: x-x
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1423791
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1423791
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tadesse Kuma
Author-X-Name-First: Tadesse
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuma
Author-Name: Mekdim Dereje
Author-X-Name-First: Mekdim
Author-X-Name-Last: Dereje
Author-Name: Kalle Hirvonen
Author-X-Name-First: Kalle
Author-X-Name-Last: Hirvonen
Author-Name: Bart Minten
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Minten
Title: Cash Crops and Food Security: Evidence from Ethiopian Smallholder Coffee Producers
Abstract: 
 One of the central questions in food policy debates has been the role of cash cropping for achieving food security in low-income countries. We revisit this question in the context of smallholder coffee production in Ethiopia. Using data collected by the authors on about 1600 coffee farmers in the country, we find that coffee income is associated with improved food security, even after controlling for total income and other factors. Further analysis suggests that one possible pathway is linked to being better able to smooth consumption across agricultural seasons.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1267-1284
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1425396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1425396
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1267-1284




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Lavallée
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Lavallée
Author-Name: François Roubaud
Author-X-Name-First: François
Author-X-Name-Last: Roubaud
Title: Corruption in the Informal Sector: Evidence from West Africa
Abstract: 
 Using a unique dataset, this paper analyses the causes and impacts of bribery in the informal sector in West Africa. It investigates the determinants of the incidence of bribery and the magnitude of the bribes actually paid. Our results show that the mechanisms at play are no different than those found for the formal sector by other authors. With respect to the impacts of corruption on a firm’s performance, our findings show that experience of corruption increases business performance, but that this effect is driven by just one category of informal firm: constrained gazelles.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1067-1080
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1438597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1438597
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda Engström
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Engström
Author-Name: Flora Hajdu
Author-X-Name-First: Flora
Author-X-Name-Last: Hajdu
Title: Conjuring ‘Win-World’ – Resilient Development Narratives in a Large-Scale Agro-Investment in Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Through a case study of a public-private partnership (PPP) for development in which the Swedish development agency Sida supported a Swedish company trying to implement a large-scale agro-investment in sugarcane in Tanzania, we unpack the underpinnings of what we call ‘win-world’, a resilient development narrative maintained by actors promoting the investment. Rich empirical descriptions show that this narrative was highly resilient to accumulated academic knowledge and current real-world problems. We found that the privatisation of development increased the resilience of the narrative to evidence of its own shortcomings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1201-1220
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1438599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1438599
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tushar Agrawal
Author-X-Name-First: Tushar
Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal
Author-Name: Ankush Agrawal
Author-X-Name-First: Ankush
Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal
Title: Who Gains More from Education? A Comparative Analysis of Business, Farm and Wage Workers in India
Abstract: 
 The economics literature on returns to education has focused largely on wage workers, thereby ignoring a sizable section of the workforce which is self-employed. This paper presents the estimates of private returns to education for business, farm and wage workers in India using a nationally representative household survey. The paper addresses the sample-selectivity issue arising due to endogenous sector allocation in the earnings equation using the multinomial-selection approach. Our results show that the average rate of return to education is higher for wage workers followed by business and farm workers. Focusing only on wage workers would provide an overestimate of returns by 30 per cent for business workers and by 40–50 per cent for farm workers. Further, the profile of returns across the education ladder varies perceptibly for the three type of workers with higher education being more rewarding for wage workers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1081-1098
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1443209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1443209
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1081-1098




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leigh Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Leigh
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Author-Name: Brenda Wandera
Author-X-Name-First: Brenda
Author-X-Name-Last: Wandera
Author-Name: Nathan Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Nathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Author-Name: Rupsha Banerjee
Author-X-Name-First: Rupsha
Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee
Title: Competing Expectations in an Index-Based Livestock Insurance Project
Abstract: 
 Despite donor enthusiasm for index-based microinsurance, globally, pilots have struggled to realise its promises. This paper considers the Kenyan Index-Based Livestock Insurance pilot, investigating the competing expectations held by actors including (re)insurers, researchers, donors, NGOs, and pastoralists. We explore expectations’ impacts on partner involvement, project outcomes, sales, and the future outlook for Kenyan livestock insurance. Quantitative analysis suggests early demand and subsequent backlash were not results of systematic mis-selling, but rather stemmed from clients’ unfulfilled expectations of patron-like relationships with insurance partners. We caution against exaggerated expectations of profitability and call for reflection and transparency amidst the embrace of insurance tools.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1221-1239
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1453603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1453603
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1221-1239




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haki Pamuk
Author-X-Name-First: Haki
Author-X-Name-Last: Pamuk
Author-Name: Fedes Van Rijn
Author-X-Name-First: Fedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Rijn
Title: The Impact of Innovation Platform Diversity in Agricultural Network Formation and Technology Adoption: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 This study investigates the diversity in impact of innovation platforms (IPs) on agricultural networks and technology adoption among 1200 households in nine sub-Saharan Africa countries. We explore the extent to which the 32 IPs implemented adopted the Integrated Agricultural Research for Development Approach (IAR4D). We find that IPs implemented according to the IAR4Dness principles are better at promoting networks of households with other farmers within villages. We find that IPs with more active members were more successful in promoting agricultural technologies, while IPs with many different stakeholders were less successful in promoting agricultural technologies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1240-1252
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1453606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1453606
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1240-1252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mihai Varga
Author-X-Name-First: Mihai
Author-X-Name-Last: Varga
Title: ‘Subsistence’ Readings: World Bank and State Approaches to Commercialising Agriculture in Post-Communist Eurasia
Abstract: 
 This article explores the World Bank’s project of ‘returning agriculture to the market’ through land titling reforms. It describes how World Bank and national government strategy papers distinguish between a ‘commercial’ or ‘entrepreneurial’ sector of farming and a ‘subsistence’ agricultural sector in post-communist Eurasia. The extension and growth of the former represents the desired goal of policies since the 1990s, while the latter’s numerical prominence in many countries constitutes a source of concern for authorities. The article argues that ‘subsistence’ represents a misreading of the rural population that confounds self-sufficiency with the size of farms, and casts millions of smallholders as non-economic and alien to markets. It focuses on two post-communist countries (Romania and Ukraine, extremes in terms of the introduction of property rights over agricultural land) to argue that efforts to reduce ‘subsistence’ translate into measures that increase the households’ monetary needs and are therefore going to be resisted. The article relies on analyses of World Bank and national government’s strategy papers as well as ethnographic data collected in 2013–2017 in the Ukrainian-Romanian border region.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1253-1266
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1453607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1453607
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1253-1266




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maha Ashour
Author-X-Name-First: Maha
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashour
Author-Name: Daniel Orth Gilligan
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Orth
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilligan
Author-Name: Jessica Blumer Hoel
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Blumer
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoel
Author-Name: Naureen Iqbal Karachiwalla
Author-X-Name-First: Naureen Iqbal
Author-X-Name-Last: Karachiwalla
Title: Do Beliefs About Herbicide Quality Correspond with Actual Quality in Local Markets? Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 Adoption of modern agricultural inputs in Africa remains low, restraining agricultural productivity and poverty reduction. Low quality agricultural inputs may in part explain low adoption rates, but only if farmers are aware that some inputs are low quality. We report the results of laboratory tests of the quality of glyphosate herbicide in Uganda and investigate whether farmers’ beliefs about the prevalence of counterfeiting and adulteration are consistent with the prevalence of low quality in their local market. We find that the average bottle in our sample is missing 15 per cent of the active ingredient and 31 per cent of samples contain less than 75 per cent of the ingredient advertised. Farmers believe 41 per cent of herbicide is counterfeit or adulterated. Beliefs are significantly correlated with quality at the local market level, but beliefs remain inaccurate, adjusting for only a fraction of actual differences in quality. Price is also significantly correlated with quality in local markets, but prices also adjust for only a fraction of quality differences. Although, like fertiliser and hybrid maize seed, herbicide in Uganda is low quality, herbicide use is substantially higher.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1285-1306
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1464143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464143
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1285-1306




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Boniface Ajefu
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Boniface
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajefu
Author-Name: Olukorede Abiona
Author-X-Name-First: Olukorede
Author-X-Name-Last: Abiona
Title: Impact of Shocks on Labour and Schooling Outcomes and the Role of Public Work Programmes in Rural India
Abstract: 
 The effectiveness of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) on rural labour market dynamics in India has been widely debated in the literature. However, the impact of the NREGS on non-agricultural labour market and children schooling outcomes in reference to exogenous rainfall shock is unclear from the existing literature. This paper exploits the Indian National Sample Survey and rainfall measures from the precipitation archive of the University of Delaware to investigate the role of the NREGS in the labour market and schooling outcomes of children during shocks. Using a difference-in-differences methodology, we focus on disaggregated shock specification and find a shock-cushioning pattern for the NREGS during negative shocks. However, there is an excess demand for labour during positive shock periods resulting from exposure to the NREGS. The implication is that the excess informal labour market opportunity translates to a reduction in school engagement for children. These findings summarily distinguish the role of the NREGS during positive and negative shocks respectively.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1140-1157
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1464146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464146
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1140-1157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John G. Mcpeak
Author-X-Name-First: John G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcpeak
Author-Name: Peter D. Little
Author-X-Name-First: Peter D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Little
Title: Land Use and Tenure Insecurity in the Drylands of Southern Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines changing patterns of land rights and use in Borana and Guji zones, southern Ethiopia. It seeks to understand how heterogeneous groups of pastoralists and agropastoralists gain access to land under varied institutional configurations. We find different means of exclusion are pursued, including private enclosures that rely on customary institutions, government administration, and/or hybrid combinations to enforce claims. We also find that some herders may be making claims to farm plots with the goal of securing access to land rather than planting crops. By assessing how different situations and socio-economic factors affect land claims, the paper deepens understanding of motivations for plot acquisition by pastoralists and challenges the common dichotomy between customary and formal administrative rules and institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1307-1324
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1469745
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1469745
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1307-1324




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathieu Sanch-Maritan
Author-X-Name-First: Mathieu
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanch-Maritan
Author-Name: Lionel Vedrine
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Vedrine
Title: Forced Displacement and Technology Adoption: An Empirical Analysis Based on Agricultural Households in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Abstract: 
 We use the Bosnian Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) survey to show that conflict-induced displacement of agricultural households dramatically affects the adoption of new technologies in agriculture. We exploit the heterogeneity in the level of violence in the pre-war location to account for selection bias. This natural experiment seems to be a source of exogenous variation in our case because violence aims at ethnic cleansing, without economic consideration. We find that the displaced are less likely than stayers to adopt fertiliser and pesticide.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1325-1343
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1475645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1475645
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1325-1343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas Didisse
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Didisse
Author-Name: Thanh Tam Nguyen-Huu
Author-X-Name-First: Thanh Tam
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen-Huu
Author-Name: Thi Anh-Dao Tran
Author-X-Name-First: Thi Anh-Dao
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran
Title: The Long Walk to Knowledge: On the Determinants of Higher Education Mobility to Europe
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the determinants of demand for higher education mobility from students in developing countries to Europe. Used together with various linguistic relations, we emphasise the relevance of informal and formal networks in explaining resistance to student migration. The former are made up of friends or previous students while the latter are formal partnerships that have been established among higher education institutions. Overall, our results show that, apart from the usual economic considerations, student mobility is strongly correlated with non-monetary factors specific to origin and destination, such as socio-demographic characteristics, individual beliefs, and institutional profiles.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1099-1120
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1475647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1475647
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1099-1120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keetie Roelen
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie
Author-X-Name-Last: Roelen
Author-Name: Stephen Devereux
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Devereux
Title: Money and the Message: The Role of Training and Coaching in Graduation Programming
Abstract: 
 Graduation programmes are innovative because they combine regular cash transfers with livelihood promotion and – most innovatively – a combination of training and tailored coaching. The latter is sometimes considered the ‘X-factor’ in the graduation model, but little evidence exists regarding its role in affecting change. This paper presents findings from a mixed methods evaluation of a graduation programme in Burundi. We find that (i) training and coaching are important complements to cash and material support in achieving positive change, (ii) positive effects extend to the wider community, and (iii) continuous, tailored, and positively engaging modes of messaging are imperative for achieving change.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1121-1139
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1475648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1475648
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1121-1139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaurav Datt
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav
Author-X-Name-Last: Datt
Author-Name: Leah Uhe
Author-X-Name-First: Leah
Author-X-Name-Last: Uhe
Title: A Little Help May Be No Help at All: Size of Scholarships and Child Labour in Nepal
Abstract: 
 In the empirical literature on child labour and income transfer programmes, evidence has been lacking on whether (and how) the size of transfer influences the impact on child labour. This paper finds significant size effects in the impact of scholarship-based transfers on child labour in Nepal. High-value scholarships decrease 8–16 year-old girls’ total work hours by one-third, largely reducing their hours in paid and unpaid economic activities with little impact on domestic chores. Low-value scholarships have no impact at all. The findings elucidate the scope for calibrating transfer size to achieve greater child labour impacts in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1158-1181
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1487052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1487052
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1158-1181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Korstiaan Wapenaar
Author-X-Name-First: Korstiaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wapenaar
Author-Name: Umakrishnan Kollamparambil
Author-X-Name-First: Umakrishnan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kollamparambil
Title: Piped Water Access, Child Health and the Complementary Role of Education: Panel Data Evidence from South Africa
Abstract: 
 This study establishes the causal impact of piped water access on child health in rural South Africa (2008–2015) through the use of a panel dataset and a quasi-experimental sample space. By employing an ordinal measure of child health as the dependent variable within linear fixed effects, logit, ordinal probit, and propensity-score matched linear as well as non-linear Difference-in-Difference, it is demonstrated that positive health benefits for children with access to piped water are observed if and only if the minimum level of educational attainment of the primary-caregiver is equal to or greater than seven years. This finding of complementarity is demonstrated to be a function of an individual’s (in)capacity to evaluate water quality: people below this threshold suffer from a piped water bias, place insufficient weight on the observable characteristics of water when determining water quality, and are subsequently less likely to treat piped water preceding consumption.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1182-1200
Issue: 6
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1487056
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1487056
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:6:p:1182-1200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elissaios Papyrakis
Author-X-Name-First: Elissaios
Author-X-Name-Last: Papyrakis
Title: The Resource Curse - What Have We Learned from Two Decades of Intensive Research: Introduction to the Special Issue
Abstract: 
 There has been increasing interest in the so-called ‘resource curse’, that is the tendency of resource-rich countries to underperform in several development outcomes. This has generated a mountain of (often contradictory) evidence leaving many floundering in the flood of information. This special issue compiles eight papers from some of the most prominent contributors to this literature, combining original research with critical reflection on the current stock of knowledge. The studies collectively emphasise the complexities and conditionalities of the ‘curse’ – its presence/intensity is largely context-specific, depending on the type of resources, socio-political institutions and linkages with the rest of the economy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 175-185
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160070
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160070
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:175-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emma Gilberthorpe
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilberthorpe
Author-Name: Dinah Rajak
Author-X-Name-First: Dinah
Author-X-Name-Last: Rajak
Title: The Anthropology of Extraction: Critical Perspectives on the Resource Curse
Abstract: 
 Attempts to address the resource curse remain focussed on revenue management, seeking technical solutions to political problems over examinations of relations of power. In this paper, we provide a review of the contribution anthropological research has made over the past decade to understanding the dynamic interplay of social relations, economic interests and struggles over power at stake in the political economy of extraction. In doing so, we show how the constellation of subaltern and elite agency at work within processes of resource extraction is vital in order to confront the complexities, incompatibilities, and inequities in the exploitation of mineral resources.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 186-204
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160064
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160064
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:186-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederick Van Der Ploeg
Author-X-Name-First: Frederick
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Ploeg
Author-Name: Steven Poelhekke
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Poelhekke
Title: The Impact of Natural Resources: Survey of Recent Quantitative Evidence
Abstract: 
 The cross-country empirical evidence for the natural resource curse is ample, but unfortunately fraught with econometric difficulties. A recent wave of studies on measuring the impact of natural resource windfalls on the economy exploits novel datasets such as giant oil discoveries to identify effects of windfalls, uses natural experiments and within-country econometric analysis, and estimates local impacts. These studies offer more hope in the search of quantitative evidence.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 205-216
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160069
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160069
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:205-216




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Collier
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Collier
Title: The Institutional and Psychological Foundations of Natural Resource Policies
Abstract: 
 The pressures of political interests which drive the resource curse are well-understood. But ordinary citizens are usually cast both as the innocent victims of this process, and as the potential solution if only governments could be made more accountable to them. This paper draws upon recent developments in social psychology to discuss the formation of mass opinions on two aspects of resource ownership. One is the spatial assignment of ownership between local and national claims, which has been a significant cause of conflict. The other is the assignment of revenues between current consumption and future investment, which has usually been excessively biased towards the former. I suggest why, in the absence of an active government communications policy to offset them, known psychological biases may interact with resource discoveries to generate mass opinions which contribute to these problems.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 217-228
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160067
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:217-228




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Hilson
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilson
Author-Name: Tim Laing
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Laing
Title: Guyana Gold: A Unique Resource Curse?
Abstract: 
 This article offers explanations for the underwhelming economic performance of Guyana, a country heavily dependent on the revenue generated from gold mining. Here, government intervention has spawned a gold mining sector which today is comprised exclusively of local small and medium-scale operators. But whilst this rather unique model appears to be the ideal blueprint for facilitating local development, the country seems to be experiencing many of the same setbacks that have beset scores of other resource-rich developing world economies. Unless these problems are anticipated, properly diagnosed and appropriately tackled, a resource curse-type outcome is inevitable, irrespective of the context.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 229-248
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160066
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:229-248




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Doug Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Doug
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Author-Name: Michael Watts
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Watts
Title: Righting the Resource Curse: Institutional Politics and State Capabilities in Edo State, Nigeria
Abstract: 
 The poor record of liberal reforms sponsored by the international community in postcolonial settings underscores the real politik of institutional change. What we call a ‘new normal’ in development policy and practice foregrounds the role of agency – leadership, networks of connectors and convenors, entrepreneurs and activists – but it has less to say about the political and economic conditions of possibility in which agents operate. The putative powers of agency seem most challenged in contexts of extreme resource dependency and the resource curse. The particular case of Edo, a state in the oil rich Niger delta region of Nigeria, illustrates the intersection of agency and structural conditions to show how ‘asymmetric capabilities’ can emerge to create, constrain and make possible particular reform options.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 249-263
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160062
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:249-263




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. M. Auty
Author-X-Name-First: R. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Auty
Title: Natural Resources and Small Island Economies: Mauritius and Trinidad and Tobago
Abstract: 
 Historically, small economies, especially resource-rich ones, underperformed on average relative to their larger counterparts. Small island economies appear still more disadvantaged due to remoteness from both markets and agglomeration economies. Yet a comparison of two small island economies with similar initial conditions other than their mineral endowment suggests that policy outweighs size, isolation and resource endowment in determining economic performance. Resource-poor Mauritius adopted an unfashionable policy of export manufacturing that systematically eliminated surplus labour, which drove economic diversification that sustained rapid GDP growth and political maturation. Like most resource-rich economies, Trinidad and Tobago pursued policies that absorbed rent too rapidly, which impeded diversification and created an illusory prosperity vulnerable to collapse.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 264-277
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160063
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160063
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:264-277




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maarten Voors
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: Voors
Author-Name: Peter Van Der Windt
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Windt
Author-Name: Kostadis J. Papaioannou
Author-X-Name-First: Kostadis J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Papaioannou
Author-Name: Erwin Bulte
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulte
Title: Resources and Governance in Sierra Leone’s Civil War
Abstract: 
 We empirically investigate the role of natural resources, and governance in explaining variation in the intensity of conflict during the 1991–2002 civil war in Sierra Leone. As a proxy for governance quality we exploit exogenous variation in political competition at the level of the chieftaincy. As a proxy for resources we use data on the location of pre-war mining sites. Our main result is that neither governance nor resources robustly explains the onset or duration of violence during the civil war in Sierra Leone.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 278-294
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160068
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:278-294




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elissaios Papyrakis
Author-X-Name-First: Elissaios
Author-X-Name-Last: Papyrakis
Author-Name: Matthias Rieger
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Rieger
Author-Name: Emma Gilberthorpe
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilberthorpe
Title: Corruption and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative
Abstract: 
 The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) has received much attention as a scheme that can help reduce corruption in mineral-rich developing economies. To our knowledge, this paper provides the first empirical attempt (using panel data) to explore how EITI membership links to changes in corruption levels. We also examine whether the different stages in EITI implementation (initial commitment, candidature, full compliance) influence the pace of changes in corruption. We find that EITI membership offers, on the whole, a shielding mechanism against the general tendency of mineral-rich countries to experience increases in corruption over time.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 295-309
Issue: 2
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1160065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1160065
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:2:p:295-309




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian von Haldenwang
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: von Haldenwang
Author-Name: Armin von Schiller
Author-X-Name-First: Armin
Author-X-Name-Last: von Schiller
Title: The Politics of Taxation: Introduction to the Special Section
Abstract: 
 Domestic revenue mobilisation has received growing attention in recent years. International players such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Bank and the G20 are calling for more determined action to combat tax evasion and avoidance. Developing countries are urged to increase their own tax collection. However, implementing and sustaining tax reforms has proven to be a challenging task for many governments. This special section provides new evidence on the political factors determining taxation in developing countries. The articles gathered here address two distinct yet related questions: first, which factors shape long-term taxation patterns and why are these patterns so difficult to change even when they prove to be dysfunctional in many ways? Second, which factors determine the fate of specific tax reforms? Evidence from case studies covering six countries is complemented by a statistical analysis of factors influencing revenue vulnerability in the face of external shocks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1685-1688
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153075
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1685-1688




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey
Author-Name: Christian Von Haldenwang
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Von Haldenwang
Author-Name: Armin Von Schiller
Author-X-Name-First: Armin
Author-X-Name-Last: Von Schiller
Author-Name: Maksym Ivanyna
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Ivanyna
Author-Name: Ingo Bordon
Author-X-Name-First: Ingo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bordon
Title: Tax Revenue Performance and Vulnerability in Developing Countries
Abstract: 
 This paper addresses vulnerability of revenue to external shocks using export composition to capture economic structure and differentiating countries according to income levels, resource endowments and political regimes. This gives a richer characterisation than previous studies. Lower income countries are vulnerable to shocks, especially in terms of trade (associated with the greatest revenue loss): democratic regimes seem to be less vulnerable to revenue losses due to shocks than non-democracies whereas revenue in resource rich countries is more vulnerable to shocks (except natural disasters) than non-resource rich countries. We find a negative relationship between manufacturing exports and revenue in lower income countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1689-1703
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153071
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1689-1703




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mirza Hassan
Author-X-Name-First: Mirza
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassan
Author-Name: Wilson Prichard
Author-X-Name-First: Wilson
Author-X-Name-Last: Prichard
Title: The Political Economy of Domestic Tax Reform in Bangladesh: Political Settlements, Informal Institutions and the Negotiation of Reform
Abstract: 
 This paper explains the persistence of a tax system characterised by low revenue collection and extensive informality in Bangladesh. It combines analysis of long-term formal and informal institutions and of micro-level incentives shaping negotiation of short-term reform. The system is unusually informal, discretionary, and corrupt, but remains resistant to change because it delivers low and predictable tax rates to business, extensive opportunities for corruption to the tax administration, and an important vehicle for fundraising by political leaders and rent distribution to their elite supporters. We then explore the dynamics of micro-level reform and external pressure within the constraints of this overarching political bargain.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1704-1721
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153072
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1153072
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armin von Schiller
Author-X-Name-First: Armin
Author-X-Name-Last: von Schiller
Title: Business Organisations, Party Systems and Tax Composition in Developing Countries: A Comparison between Colombia and Peru
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the relationship between socio-political institutions and tax composition in developing countries. It argues that strong business organisations and stable political party systems reduce the uncertainty of fiscal contracts for economic elites. The decrease in uncertainty leads elites to accept a larger share of the tax burden, which governments then collect using progressive tax types more intensively. To illustrate this claim, I provide evidence from a comparative analysis of the Peruvian and the Colombian tax history between 1970 and 2010.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1722-1743
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1153074
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1722-1743




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giulia Mascagni
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mascagni
Title: Aid and Taxation in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 The relation between aid and taxation is largely contested in the literature. On the one hand, aid may act as a substitute for tax revenue and thus have a crowding-out effect. It can also have a detrimental effect on domestic tax institutions. On the other hand, it can promote and support tax mobilisation through policy advice, technical assistance, and conditionality, in addition to more indirect channels. The case of Ethiopia supports the existence of a positive relation between aid and tax, which occurs mainly through policy advice and technical assistance rather than conditionality. This finding is grounded in both quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1744-1758
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153070
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1153070
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1744-1758




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Jibao
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Jibao
Author-Name: Wilson Prichard
Author-X-Name-First: Wilson
Author-X-Name-Last: Prichard
Title: Rebuilding Local Government Finances After Conflict: Lessons from a Property Tax Reform Programme in Post-Conflict Sierra Leone
Abstract: 
 This research interrogates the factors underpinning the relative success of a property tax reform programme in Sierra Leone. Recognising the importance of politics in shaping reform outcomes, it highlights reform strategies that have contributed to overcoming both technical and political barriers to reform. It highlights three interconnected arguments. First, there is a need for long-term, hands-on, local partnerships that support local capacity, help to confront political resistance and build a constituency for reform. Second, there should be expanded focus on politically contentious efforts to strengthen transparency, public outreach, and enforcement among elites, as they are critical to programme success and sustainability. Third, a focus on the same politically contentious elements of reform can help external actors better assess the extent of local political commitment to reform early-on, and thus target reform funding and efforts more effectively.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1759-1775
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153073
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1153073
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1759-1775




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mujtaba Piracha
Author-X-Name-First: Mujtaba
Author-X-Name-Last: Piracha
Author-Name: Mick Moore
Author-X-Name-First: Mick
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: Revenue-Maximising or Revenue-Sacrificing Government? Property Tax in Pakistan
Abstract: 
 The idea that states seek to maximise their revenue collection has occupied a significant place in contemporary political economy analysis of taxation, and has helped us understand the history of state formation. It is, however, very much at variance with the daily experience of tax policy and practice. Governments are frequently revenue-sacrificers: they fail to use the functioning, legitimate tax collection systems they have available to actually collect much revenue. This paper details the case of property tax collection in Pakistan, and concludes that governments tend to maximise rule before they maximise revenue.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1776-1790
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1153076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1153076
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1776-1790




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xinzheng Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Xinzheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Title: The Impact of Educational Fee Reduction Reform on School Enrolment in Rural China
Abstract: 
 We investigate the impact of educational fee reduction reform on children’s school enrolment in rural China. Using data from Gansu Survey of Children and Families, we find that the reform did not have significant impacts on school enrolment of 9–12 year old children, while the reform had significant impacts on school enrolment of 13–16 year old children. We also find that for children enrolled in 2004, the higher are the fee reductions, the higher is the probability for them to stay in school in 2007. Heterogeneous effects in terms of different characteristics are also found in this paper.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1791-1809
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1156094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1156094
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1791-1809




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evans Jadotte
Author-X-Name-First: Evans
Author-X-Name-Last: Jadotte
Author-Name: Xavier Ramos
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramos
Title: The Effect of Remittances on Labour Supply in the Republic of Haiti
Abstract: 
 We examine the labour supply effect of remittances in the Republic of Haiti, the prime international remittances recipient country in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region relative to its GDP. Unlike previous empirical literature we address three econometric issues that may bias the estimates. We account for endogeneity of the remittances with respect to labour supply, for the zero-inflated nature of our dependent variable, hours of work, and for the self-selection of the migrant sample. Our results are in line with previous literature, and point to a decline of labour supply in the presence of remittances. However, contrary to previous findings, the labour market response to remittances of female household heads is not as sensitive as male’s.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1810-1825
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1156089
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1156089
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1810-1825




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elize Massard da Fonseca
Author-X-Name-First: Elize Massard
Author-X-Name-Last: da Fonseca
Title: Pharmaceutical Autonomy and Public Health in Latin America: State, Society, and Industry in Brazil’s AIDS Program, By M. Flynn
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1826-1827
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1196523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1196523
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin McFarlane
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: McFarlane
Title: Urban Poverty in the Global South: Scale and Nature, By Diana Mitlin and David Satterhwaite Reducing Urban Poverty in the Global South, By David Satterthwaite and Diana Mitlin
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1827-1829
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1202886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1202886
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Indraneel Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Indraneel
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Title: Government as Practice: Democratic Left in a Transforming India, By Dwaipayan Bhattacharya
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1830-1831
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1207295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1207295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1830-1831




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armando Barrientos
Author-X-Name-First: Armando
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrientos
Title: From Evidence to Action: The Story of Cash Transfers and Impact Evaluation in Sub-Saharan Africa, Edited by Benjamin Davis, Sudhanshu Handa, Nicola Hypher, Nicola Winder, Paul C. Winters, and Jennifer Yablonski
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1831-1832
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1222679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1222679
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:52:y:2016:i:12:p:1831-1832




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 12
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1250400
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1250400
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Lipton
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipton
Title: The Great Escape. Angus Deaton
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-4
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1056788
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1056788
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Akhlaq Ahmad
Author-X-Name-First: Akhlaq
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad
Title: The Ties that Bind and Blind: Embeddedness and Radicalisation of Youth in One Islamist Organisation in Pakistan
Abstract: 
 This article explains the factors that contributed to the socialisation of youth into a radical ideology in one nationally powerful Islamist organisation in Pakistan. It argues that young individuals who join Islamist organisations do not necessarily hold pre-existing extremist views that dispose them towards such organisations. Instead, the radicalisation of personal beliefs and worldview may in fact also occur after joining such an organisation. Findings indicate that young members’ gradual orientation to an Islamist ideology resulted from the interplay of a number of factors. First, their close and significant friendships increasingly became concentrated inside the organisation. Second, participation in various organisational meetings brought a personally meaningful improvement in their skills and self-esteem. Third, the organisation bestowed power and influence on its members, both in psychological and actual terms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 5-21
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1075976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1075976
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trudy Owens
Author-X-Name-First: Trudy
Author-X-Name-Last: Owens
Author-Name: Samantha Torrance
Author-X-Name-First: Samantha
Author-X-Name-Last: Torrance
Title: ‘I Know My Rights, but Am I Better Off?’: Institutions and Disability in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Uganda is internationally recognised for both its legal and constitutional provisions for people with disabilities, and the presence of disabled persons’ organisations that provide informal advocacy and support. Using a unique dataset of 579 Ugandans with physical disabilities, we develop a conceptual framework on social capital to investigate the factors correlated with knowledge of formal institutions that target disability. In examining whether this knowledge results in higher incomes we find that gender matters. A woman’s education and membership of external networks are correlates of knowledge; higher levels of this knowledge are associated with substantially higher levels of income.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 22-35
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1081174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1081174
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurie Parsons
Author-X-Name-First: Laurie
Author-X-Name-Last: Parsons
Author-Name: Sabina Lawreniuk
Author-X-Name-First: Sabina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawreniuk
Title: The Village of the Damned? Myths and Realities of Structured Begging Behaviour in and Around Phnom Penh
Abstract: 
 This paper concerns the nature of structured begging migration in Phnom Penh, as well as its impact and meaning in sender communities. It interrogates a popular myth known throughout Cambodia concerning the supernatural motivation of ‘rich’ beggars, arguing that its prevalence reflects the growing incidence of structured, circular migration based around alms seeking in the capital. In doing so, it seeks to bridge the lacuna between the literature on begging and that on migration by showing that the distinction between the two is both blurred and straddled by migrants in many cases.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 36-52
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1056787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1056787
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhiming Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiming
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Russell Smyth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth
Title: Why Give it Away When You Need it Yourself? Understanding Public Support for Foreign Aid in China
Abstract: 
 In this study we examine the determinants of public support for foreign aid in China. We find that while political ideology and sense of national identity are the most important determinants of support for foreign aid, several demographic characteristics, such as age, gender and income, are also important. We also find that those living in the lower income western provinces and in provinces with higher poverty rates express less support for giving foreign aid. We draw policy implications from the findings for better targeting engagement strategies designed to garner support for foreign aid.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 53-71
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1068294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1068294
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lodewijk Smets
Author-X-Name-First: Lodewijk
Author-X-Name-Last: Smets
Author-Name: Stephen Knack
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Knack
Title: World Bank Lending and the Quality of Economic Policy
Abstract: 
 This study investigates the impact of World Bank development policy lending on the quality of economic policy. It finds that the quality of policy increases, but at a diminishing rate, with the cumulative number of policy loans. Similar results hold for the cumulative number of conditions attached to policy loans, although quadratic specifications indicate that additional conditions may even reduce the quality of policy beyond some point. The paper measures the quality of economic policy using the World Bank’s Country Policy and Institutional Assessments of macro, debt, fiscal, and structural policies, and considers only policy loans targeted at improvements in those areas. Previous studies finding weaker effects of policy lending on macro stability have failed to distinguish loans primarily intended to improve economic policy from other loans targeted at improvements in sector policies or in public management. The paper also shows that investing in economic policy does not ‘crowd out’ policy improvements in other areas, such as public sector governance or human development. The results are robust to using alternative indicators of policy quality and correcting for endogeneity with system generalized methods of moments and cross-sectional two-stage least squares. The more positive results in the study relative to some previous studies are consistent with claims by the World Bank that it has learned from its mistakes with traditional adjustment lending.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 72-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1068290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1068290
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Humphrey
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Humphrey
Title: The Invisible Hand: Financial Pressures and Organisational Convergence in Multilateral Development Banks
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates how the unique financial model of multilateral development banks – dependent largely on issuing bonds in private capital markets to raise lending resources – came about in the early history of three different MDBs, and how this in turn shaped their operational characteristics. Historical research demonstrates that the World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) and Andean Development Corporation (CAF) converged on organisational and operational arrangements very different to what their founders had intended, and much closer to one another, as a direct result of the need to secure sufficient resources to function as viable development lenders. The findings indicate that in the absence of governments willing or able to provide significant financing out of their budgets, MDBs tend to converge towards a single organisational model in order to maintain access to international capital markets. All three MDBs examined here modified their lending and financial policies in unexpected ways and, in the case of the IADB and CAF, even restructured their original membership, specifically for the purpose of securing adequate financial resources.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 92-112
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1075978
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1075978
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oscar A. Gomez
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gomez
Author-Name: Des Gasper
Author-X-Name-First: Des
Author-X-Name-Last: Gasper
Author-Name: Yoichi Mine
Author-X-Name-First: Yoichi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mine
Title: Moving Development and Security Narratives a Step Further: Human Security in the Human Development Reports
Abstract: 
 During the last 20 years, the idea of human security has been spreading globally and locally, albeit unevenly. One factor in this growth has been the role of Human Development Reports as sources of alternative narratives to understand social problems and progress. This paper describes how National and Regional Human Development Reports have generated a rich and analytically fruitful set of approaches to examining and responding to contextual threats, following human security principles – for people-centred, comprehensive, context-specific and prevention-oriented analysis and exploring basic security questions. However, this richness has not fed back yet into the global apex of Human Development Reports and related work, reflecting a disconnection between levels of analysis that hinders the transformation of development and security narratives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 113-129
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1081176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1081176
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Biniam E. Bedasso
Author-X-Name-First: Biniam E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedasso
Author-Name: Nonso Obikili
Author-X-Name-First: Nonso
Author-X-Name-Last: Obikili
Title: A Dream Deferred: The Microfoundations of Direct Political Action in Pre- and Post-democratisation South Africa
Abstract: 
 The stability of young democracies may be threatened by persistent protest as the economic legacies of the old autocratic regimes tend to outlive the defunct political structures. This paper seeks to explore the micro-level predictors of protest potential in South Africa before and after the end of apartheid. The results of the cohort analysis reveal that the political consciousness of the anti-apartheid struggle has a lasting effect. The gap between actual income and expected returns to education explains protest potential better than comparison of one's income with that of a reference group. The effect of race on protest potential has diminished over time.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 130-146
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1036041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1036041
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Becky Hsu
Author-X-Name-First: Becky
Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu
Title: The ‘Impossible’ Default: Qualitative Data on Borrower Responses to Two Types of Social-Collateral Microfinance Structures in Rural China
Abstract: 
 Qualitative data reveal how the social context underlying the ties linking borrowers in microfinance programmes influences their decisions. Focusing directly on social context makes it possible to distinguish between two social-collateral structures and explain why one facilitated repayment while the other did not. Fieldwork in rural China shows that the basis of the social ties in the social-collateral structure is central to explaining whether and why individuals decided to sanction defaulters and repay loans. The article closes with reflections on generalisations of these findings to future microfinance research.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 147-159
Issue: 1
Volume: 52
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2015.1093115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2015.1093115
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. A. Brett
Author-X-Name-First: E. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brett
Title: Representation and Exclusion in Partial Democracies: The Role of Civil Society Organisations
Abstract: 
 The ‘third democratic wave’ that rose in the 1990s has receded in many countries, as incumbent regimes have manipulated electoral processes and regressive political movements have exploited class, ethnic and sectarian antagonisms to undermine political order. Such events have led many to question the importance of democratic processes. The papers in this special section challenge both the uncritical advocates and over-critical naysayers of the third wave by treating democratisation as a long-term and contested transition from closed to open access societies, where elections represent a necessary but not sufficient mechanism to guarantee representation for excluded groups. The three papers focus on the critical role of civil society organisations (CSOs) in securing representation for marginal actors, drawing on the cases of Bangladesh and Uganda. In doing so the contributions illustrate the challenges that CSOs confront in situations marked by the problems of clientelism, capture and exclusion.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1539-1544
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1344647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1344647
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Lewis
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis
Title: Organising and Representing the Poor in a Clientelistic Democracy: the Decline of Radical NGOs in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the political role of radical development NGOs that emerged in Bangladesh to challenge the marginalisation of subordinate groups and strengthen democratic processes. After briefly introducing the political context of Bangladesh and its NGOs, the paper identifies and defines a radical NGO sub-sector. It then reviews the activities of these organisations during the pre-1990 military government era and during the subsequent period of electoral democracy. Some important achievements are identified, but also many failures that have led to decline, leaving behind an NGO sector dominated by credit and service delivery organisations. The paper then explains this decline by focusing on three inter-related factors: (i) an institutional setting dominated by clientelistic structures that have undermined efforts to build horizontal alliances among excluded groups in civil society, or links between NGOs and political parties; (ii) a shift in donor support from mobilisation to market-based service delivery agencies; and (iii) internal structures that have generated legitimacy and accountability problems by encouraging elite capture, co-option and personalised leadership in the radical sub-sector. It concludes with some brief reflections on the main implications of these failures.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1545-1567
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1279732
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1279732
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Goodfellow
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodfellow
Title: ‘Double Capture’ and De-Democratisation: Interest Group Politics and Uganda’s ‘Transport Mafia’
Abstract: 
 This article analyses problems of interest representation and democratic consolidation, using a case study of the Uganda Taxi Operators and Drivers Association (UTODA). It shows how apparently representative organisational forms can exploit the majority of their members, bolstering the power of political-economic elites who straddle the state-society divide, as well as how such organisations can undermine the foundations for democratic consolidation more broadly. Challenging conventional understandings of ‘state capture’, the paper argues that UTODA’s organisational power instead evolved through processes conceptualised as ‘double capture’: first, the government infiltrated the informal transport sector, but subsequently the transport organisation came to wield disproportionate influence over the state itself, with detrimental effects on both urban services and popular representation. The long-term domination by this authoritarian organisation meant that even after its downfall in 2011 there was little organisational capacity to build on in the sector, facilitating the reassertion of top-down governmental control.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1568-1583
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214722
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie King
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: King
Author-Name: Sam Hickey
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey
Title: Building Democracy from Below: Lessons from Western Uganda
Abstract: 
 How to achieve democratisation in the neo-patrimonial and agrarian environments that predominate in sub-Saharan Africa continues to present a challenge for both development theory and practice. Drawing on intensive fieldwork in Western Uganda, this paper argues that Charles Tilly’s ‘democratisation as process’ provides us with the framework required to explain the ways in which particular kinds of association can advance democratisation from below. Moving beyond the current focus on how elite-bargaining and certain associational forms may contribute to liberal forms of democracy, this approach helps identify the intermediate mechanisms involved in building democracy from below, including the significance of challenging categorical inequalities, notably through the role of producer groups, and of building trust networks, cross-class alliances and synergistic relations between civil and political society. The evidence and mode of analysis deployed here help suggest alternative routes for supporting local efforts to build democracy from below in sub-Saharan Africa.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1584-1599
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214719
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Dodsworth
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dodsworth
Title: How Does the Objective of Aid Affect Its Impact on Accountability? Evidence from Two Aid Programmes in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Recent research indicates that the political impact of aid, including its impact on accountability institutions, is contingent on its objective. This article explains how this occurs. It relies on evidence from two aid programmes in Uganda, one targeted at poverty reduction and one at democratic governance. I argue that the stated objective of aid programmes masks a deeper cause; individual aid managers’ views of what development entails and how it should be pursued. The evidence suggests that the ‘almost revolution’ in which development has purportedly confronted politics is far more partial, contested, and uneven than many admit.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1600-1614
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1234039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1234039
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Fafchamps
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Fafchamps
Author-Name: Simon Quinn
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn
Title: Aspire
Abstract: 
 We gave US$1000 cash prizes to winners of a business plan competition in Africa. Participants were ranked by committees of established entrepreneurs. Each committee selected one winner among 12 candidates. Six months after the competition, we compare winners with the two runners-up in each committee: winners are about 33 percentage points more likely to be self-employed and, on average, have two more permanent employees than close runners-up. Our findings imply that access to start-up capital constitutes a sizeable barrier to entry into entrepreneurship.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1615-1633
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1251584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1251584
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pete W. Moore
Author-X-Name-First: Pete W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: The Fiscal Politics of Rebellious Grievance in the Arab World: Egypt and Jordan in Comparative Perspective
Abstract: 
 In the aftermath of the 2011 protests, narrow economic arguments for revolt have proliferated. This essay broadens the debate by arguing that states’ latent fiscal weakness is an important source of enduring rebellious grievance in the Arab World. The essay makes this claim through a comparison of fiscal decline and policy response in Jordan and Egypt. Both states have endured fiscal crises and periodic revolt starting in the late 1970s. Both regimes attempted to manage deepening fiscal weakness through similar coping policies, searching for new sources of revenue and revising public spending. These measures failed to reverse the decline. Instead, new sources of revenue and shifts in spending deepened inequality in new ways, lowered capacities to curtail public-private corruption, and entrenched labour insecurity. In other words, it is the politics of fiscal weakness which explain the prominence of socio-economic grievance voiced before, during, and after 2011.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1634-1649
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1269889
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1269889
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcela Ibanez
Author-X-Name-First: Marcela
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibanez
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen
Title: Is the War on Drugs Working? Examining the Colombian Case Using Micro Data
Abstract: 
 The intense debate on the effectiveness of the war on drugs contrasts with the scarce quantitative evidence on its impacts on drug cultivation decisions by individual producers. Using panel data from an original survey of farmers living in coca-growing areas in Colombia, we evaluate the effectiveness of forced eradication policies implemented between 2000 and 2005. We find that one additional hectare eradicated decreases coca supply by 0.44 hectares, indicating that coca can only be eradicated at a very high cost. This suggests that alternative approaches are needed to reduce coca production.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1650-1662
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1241386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1241386
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Green
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Title: Contracts Do Matter: Robust Evidence of an Optimal Level of Legal Formalism in Developing Countries
Abstract: 
 This paper asks: ‘how do institutions impact household wealth?’ This question is the micro level analogue to the macro question: ‘how do institutions impact economic growth?’ Institutions are exogenous to household decisions, allowing for quasi-experimental analysis of this micro question. Results shed light on a continuing puzzle: contracting institutions have typically been found to be insignificant empirically. Estimates show a strong quadratic effect of legal formalism on household wealth. Household analysis also shows smaller impacts of property rights than found in the literature. Results are robust to inclusion of controls for other institutions, geography, economic indicators, historical factors and democracy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1663-1678
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1251585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1251585
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mônica A. Haddad
Author-X-Name-First: Mônica A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Haddad
Author-Name: Ricardo Freguglia
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Freguglia
Author-Name: Cláudia Gomes
Author-X-Name-First: Cláudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Gomes
Title: Public Spending and Quality of Education in Brazil
Abstract: 
 We examined whether Brazil’s educational spending on public primary schools resulted in better quality of education, 2003–2009. Our hypothesis was municipalities that received higher government spending on primary education had higher student tests scores. We used a panel analysis with fixed effects, including a simulated instrumental variable to control for endogeneity. Even though the magnitude of all significant estimated coefficients increased, when controlling for endogeneity, they were still very small. Findings proved that the relationship between quality of education and educational spending was not optimal, weakly contributing to the increase in test scores.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1679-1696
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1241387
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1241387
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:10:p:1679-1696




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marine de Talancé
Author-X-Name-First: Marine
Author-X-Name-Last: de Talancé
Title: Better Teachers, Better Results? Evidence from Rural Pakistan
Abstract: 
 Most of the existing literature examining the determinants of school quality in developing countries has failed to take into account the crucial role of teachers. This study assesses how teachers contribute to knowledge acquisition in Punjab, Pakistan. The baseline specification used is a gain model with three different levels of fixed effects. We find that teacher quality is strongly correlated with student achievement. Increasing teachers’ wages could improve schooling quality, as could the recruitment of local and contract teachers. Our analysis also underlines the importance of reforming training programmes and re-thinking wage policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1697-1713
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1265944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1265944
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Soham Sahoo
Author-X-Name-First: Soham
Author-X-Name-Last: Sahoo
Title: Intra-Household Gender Disparity in School Choice: Evidence from Private Schooling in India
Abstract: 
 This paper explores gender inequality within households in the decision of private versus government school choice in India. Using a three-period longitudinal dataset on rural households from Uttar Pradesh, a northern state of India, this paper estimates a household fixed effects model and finds that there is an intra-household gender bias of 6 percentage points in private school enrolment among children aged 6–16 years. Contrary to the trend in overall enrolment, the gender gap in private school choice is rising over time, and is more pronounced in villages with a larger cost difference between private and government schooling. This finding remains robust even after controlling for average school quality and considering potential endogeneity of the cost variables.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1714-1730
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1265943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1265943
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yi Long
Author-X-Name-First: Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Long
Author-Name: Christopher Nyland
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyland
Author-Name: Russell Smyth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth
Title: Fiscal Decentralisation, the Knowledge Economy and School Teachers’ Wages in Urban China
Abstract: 
 We examine how fiscal decentralisation and progress towards the development of a knowledge-intensive economy has affected teachers’ wages in China, utilising panel data from 2001 to 2013. We find that fiscal decentralisation has a negative impact on teachers’ wages and that this effect is magnified through a deepening of the knowledge economy, while the knowledge economy itself has no effect on teachers’ wages. The findings suggest that incentives being offered to local administrators need to be revisited if China is convinced of the need to increase teacher quality in ways suited to the knowledge economy which it wishes to construct.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1731-1747
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1269891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1269891
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dante Contreras
Author-X-Name-First: Dante
Author-X-Name-Last: Contreras
Author-Name: Esteban Puentes
Author-X-Name-First: Esteban
Author-X-Name-Last: Puentes
Title: Inequality of Opportunities at Early Ages: Evidence from Chile
Abstract: 
 This paper examines inequality of opportunity for Chilean children starting from an early age. It uses a psychometric test designed to assess children’s receptive vocabulary (PPVT), height, and weight as opportunity measures. We consider traditional circumstances such as parental income and educational level, but improve on the previous literature including mother’s cognitive skills in our assessment. Our results indicate that Chilean children do not exhibit significant differences in height or weight either as newborns or at two to four years old. Nevertheless, there is evidence of inequality of opportunities for vocabulary skills. Maternal cognitive ability is the greatest contributor. Finally, the evidence also suggests that inequality of opportunity on vocabulary skills increases with age.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1748-1764
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1262025
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1262025
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew J. Barenberg
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barenberg
Author-Name: Deepankar Basu
Author-X-Name-First: Deepankar
Author-X-Name-Last: Basu
Author-Name: Ceren Soylu
Author-X-Name-First: Ceren
Author-X-Name-Last: Soylu
Title: The Effect of Public Health Expenditure on Infant Mortality: Evidence from a Panel of Indian States, 1983–1984 to 2011–2012
Abstract: 
 Using a panel data set of Indian states between 1983–1984 and 2011–2012, this paper studies the impact of public health expenditure on the infant mortality rate (IMR), after controlling for other relevant covariates like political competition, per capita income, female literacy, and urbanisation. We find that public expenditure on health care reduces the IMR. Our baseline specification shows that an increase in public health expenditure by 1 per cent of state-level net domestic product is associated with a reduction in the IMR by about nine infant deaths per 1000 live births. We also find that political competition, female literacy and urbanisation reduce the IMR.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1765-1784
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1241384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1241384
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Stevenson
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevenson
Title: , By Sara E. Davies, Adam Kamradt-Scott, &amp; Simon Rushton
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1785-1786
Issue: 10
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1326209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1326209
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tilman Brück
Author-X-Name-First: Tilman
Author-X-Name-Last: Brück
Author-Name: Jose Cuesta
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuesta
Author-Name: Jacobus De Hoop
Author-X-Name-First: Jacobus
Author-X-Name-Last: De Hoop
Author-Name: Ugo Gentilini
Author-X-Name-First: Ugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gentilini
Author-Name: Amber Peterman
Author-X-Name-First: Amber
Author-X-Name-Last: Peterman
Title: Social Protection in Contexts of Fragility and Forced Displacement: Introduction to a Special Issue
Abstract: 
 Effective social protection is increasingly as essential to supporting affected populations in situations of protracted instability and displacement. Despite the growing use of social protection in these settings, there is comparatively little rigorous research on what works, for whom, and why. This special issue contributes by adding seven high-quality studies that raise substantially our understanding of the role of social protection in fragile contexts and in settings of forced displacement and migration. Together, these studies fill knowledge gaps, help support informed decision-making by policy-makers and practitioners, and demonstrate that impact evaluation and the analysis of social protection in challenging humanitarian settings are possible. The studies provide evidence that design choices in implementation, such as which population to target, choice of transfer modality or which messages are delivered with programmes, can make a substantial difference in the realisation of positive benefits among vulnerable populations. Furthermore, the findings of the studies underline the relevance of tailoring programme components to populations, which may benefit more or less from traditional programme implementation models.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-6
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687882
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687882
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabetta Aurino
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabetta
Author-X-Name-Last: Aurino
Author-Name: Jean-Pierre Tranchant
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Tranchant
Author-Name: Amadou Sekou Diallo
Author-X-Name-First: Amadou
Author-X-Name-Last: Sekou Diallo
Author-Name: Aulo Gelli
Author-X-Name-First: Aulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gelli
Title: School Feeding or General Food Distribution? Quasi-Experimental Evidence on the Educational Impacts of Emergency Food Assistance during Conflict in Mali
Abstract: 
 This study relies on a unique precrisis baseline and five-year follow-up to investigate the effects of emergency school feeding and generalised food distribution (GFD) on children’s schooling during conflict in Mali. It estimates programme impact on child enrolment, absenteeism, and attainment by using a difference in differences weighted estimator. School feeding led to increases in enrolment by 10 percentage points and to around an additional half-year of completed schooling. Attendance among boys in households receiving GFD, however, declined by about 20 per cent relative to the comparison group. Disaggregating by conflict intensity showed that receipt of any food assistance led to a rise in enrolment mostly in high-intensity conflict areas and that the negative effects of GFD on attendance were also concentrated in the most affected areas. School feeding mostly raised attainment among children in areas not in the immediate vicinity of conflict. Programme receipt triggered adjustments in child labour. School feeding led to lower participation and time spent in work among girls, while GFD raised children’s labour, particularly among boys. The educational implications of food assistance should be considered in planning humanitarian responses to bridge the gap between emergency assistance and development by promoting children’s education.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 7-28
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687874
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687874
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Schwab
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwab
Title: Comparing the Productive Effects of Cash and Food Transfers in a Crisis Setting: Evidence from a Randomised Experiment in Yemen
Abstract: 
 The productive impacts of transfer programmes have been receiving increased attention. However, little is known about such effects in emergency and crisis settings. Even less is known about whether transfer type – a food basket or a cash grant – influences the productive potential of such transfers. Theory suggests that cash transfers can relieve liquidity constraints associated with investments, but subsidised food provision, by acting as a form of insurance, may prevent households from retreating to conservative income-generating strategies during volatile periods. This report contrasts the effects of transfer modality during a randomised field experiment in Yemen. The results demonstrate a modest productive impact of both modalities and suggest a role for liquidity and price risk channels. Cash transfer recipients invested relatively more in activities with higher liquidity requirements (livestock), while food recipients incorporated higher-return crops into their agricultural portfolios.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 29-54
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687880
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tilman Brück
Author-X-Name-First: Tilman
Author-X-Name-Last: Brück
Author-Name: Oscar Mauricio Díaz Botía
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar Mauricio
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz Botía
Author-Name: Neil T. N. Ferguson
Author-X-Name-First: Neil T. N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferguson
Author-Name: Jérôme Ouédraogo
Author-X-Name-First: Jérôme
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouédraogo
Author-Name: Zacharias Ziegelhöfer
Author-X-Name-First: Zacharias
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziegelhöfer
Title: Assets for Alimentation? The Nutritional Impact of Assets-based Programming in Niger
Abstract: 
 A recent strand of aid programming aims to develop household assets by removing the stresses associated with meeting basic nutritional needs. In this study, the authors posit that such nutrition-sensitive programmes can reduce malnourishment by encouraging further investment in diet. To test this hypothesis, they analyse the World Food Programme’s (WFP) Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation (PRRO), in Niger, a conflict-affected, low-income country with entrenched food insecurity. Under the PRRO, a household falls into one of three groups at end line: receiving no assistance, receiving nutrition-specific assistance, or receiving nutrition-specific assistance and nutrition-sensitive food for assets-based programming. If provided alone, food aid has no nutritional impact relative to receiving no assistance. However, the study observes pronounced positive effects if food aid is paired with assets-based programming. The authors conclude, first, that certain forms of food aid function well in complex, insecure environments; second, that assets-based programmes deliver positive nutritional spillovers; and, third, that there are theoretical grounds to believe that assets-based nutrition-sensitive programmes interact positively with nutrition-specific programming.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 55-74
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687876
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687876
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pascale Schnitzer
Author-X-Name-First: Pascale
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnitzer
Title: How to Target Households in Adaptive Social Protection Systems? Evidence from Humanitarian and Development Approaches in Niger
Abstract: 
 The methods used to identify the beneficiaries of programmes aiming to address persistent poverty and shocks are subject to frequent policy debates. Relying on panel data from Niger, this report simulates the performance of various targeting methods that are widely used by development and humanitarian actors. The methods include proxy-means testing (PMT), household economy analysis (HEA), geographical targeting, and combined methods. Results show that PMT performs more effectively in identifying persistently poor households, while HEA shows superior performance in identifying transiently food insecure households. Geographical targeting is particularly efficient in responding to food crises, which tend to be largely covariate. Combinations of geographical, PMT, and HEA approaches may be used as part of an efficient and scalable adaptive social protection system. Results motivate the consolidation of data across programmes, which can support the application of alternative targeting methods tailored to programme-specific objectives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 75-90
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687877
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nandini Krishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Nandini
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan
Author-Name: Sergio Olivieri
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivieri
Author-Name: Racha Ramadan
Author-X-Name-First: Racha
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramadan
Title: Estimating the Welfare Costs of Reforming the Iraq Public Distribution System: A Mixed Demand Approach
Abstract: 
 Through three decades of conflict, food rations delivered through the public distribution system (PDS) have remained the largest safety net among Iraq’s population. Reforming the PDS continues to be politically challenging, notwithstanding the system’s import dependence, economic distortions, and unsustainable fiscal burden. The oil price decline of mid-2014 and recent efforts to rebuild and recover have put PDS reform back on the agenda. The government needs to find an effective way to deliver broad benefits from a narrow economic base reliant on oil. The study described here adopts a mixed demand approach to analysing household consumption patterns for the purpose of assessing plausible reform scenarios and estimating the direction and scale of the associated welfare costs and transfers. It finds that household consumption of PDS items is relatively inelastic to changes in price, particularly among the poor. The results suggest that any one-shot reform will have sizeable adverse welfare impacts and will need to be preceded by a well-targeted compensation mechanism. To keep welfare constant, subsidy removal in urban areas, for example, would require the poorest and richest households to be compensated for, respectively, 74 per cent and nearly 40 per cent of their PDS expenditures.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 91-106
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687878
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JACOBUS de HOOP
Author-X-Name-First: JACOBUS
Author-X-Name-Last: de HOOP
Author-Name: Mitchell Morey
Author-X-Name-First: Mitchell
Author-X-Name-Last: Morey
Author-Name: David Seidenfeld
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seidenfeld
Title: No Lost Generation: Supporting the School Participation of Displaced Syrian Children in Lebanon
Abstract: 
 This study documents the impact of a cash transfer programme – known as the No Lost Generation Programme (NLG) and locally as Min Ila (‘from to’) – on the school participation of displaced Syrian children in Lebanon. An initiative of the government of Lebanon, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and the World Food Programme (WFP), the programme provided cash for the benefit of children enrolled in afternoon shifts at public primary schools. It was designed to cover the cost of commuting to school and to compensate households for income forgone because children were attending school instead of working. Commuting costs and forgone income are two critical barriers to child school participation. The analysis relies on a geographical regression discontinuity design to identify the impact halfway through the first year of programme operation, the 2016/2017 school year. The analysis finds substantive impacts on school attendance among enrolled children, which increased by 0.5 days to 0.7 days per week, an improvement of about 20 per cent relative to the control group. School enrolment among Syrian children rose rapidly across all Lebanon’s governorates during the period of the evaluation, resulting in supply-side capacity constraints that appear to have dampened positive enrolment impacts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 107-127
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687875
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elsa Valli
Author-X-Name-First: Elsa
Author-X-Name-Last: Valli
Author-Name: Amber Peterman
Author-X-Name-First: Amber
Author-X-Name-Last: Peterman
Author-Name: Melissa Hidrobo
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Hidrobo
Title: Economic Transfers and Social Cohesion in a Refugee-Hosting Setting
Abstract: 
 There is increasing interest in understanding if social protection can foster social cohesion, particularly between refugees and host communities. Using a cluster randomised control trial, this study examines if a short-term transfer programme targeted to Colombian refugees and poor Ecuadorians in urban and peri-urban areas of northern Ecuador led to changes in social cohesion measures. The overall results suggest that the programme contributed to reported improvements in social cohesion among Colombian refugees in the hosting community through enhanced personal agency, attitudes accepting diversity, confidence in institutions, and social participation. However, the programme had no impact on social cohesion among Ecuadorians. The programme had no negative impacts on the indicators or domains analysed. Although it was not possible to identify specific mechanisms, impacts are hypothesised to be driven by the joint targeting of Colombians and Ecuadorians, the interaction between nationalities at monthly nutrition sessions, and the messaging around social inclusion by programme implementers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 128-146
Issue: S1
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1687879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1687879
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Kahan
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Kahan
Author-Name: Roger Bymolt
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Bymolt
Author-Name: Fred Zaal
Author-X-Name-First: Fred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaal
Title: Thinking Outside the Plot: Insights on Small-Scale Mechanisation from Case Studies in East Africa
Abstract: 
 The changing agricultural sector and the challenges faced by smallholders call for the need for farm mechanisation suited to smallholder farming. Conventional four-wheeled tractors (4WTs) are not feasible for many smallholders owing to their high capital costs, unsuitability for fragmented holdings as well as topography and slope. More appropriate technologies are needed such as two-wheeled tractors (2WTs) and their requisite accessories. Our findings show that opportunities exist for the introduction of 2WTs in maize based systems through service provider models combining a number of operations that can be offered throughout the year and targeted to niche areas where 4WT access is unlikely. The paper also suggests that attention needs to be given concurrently to development of the 2WT supply chain to ensure that its profitability is sustainable.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1939-1954
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1329525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1329525
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pan He
Author-X-Name-First: Pan
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Marcella Veronesi
Author-X-Name-First: Marcella
Author-X-Name-Last: Veronesi
Author-Name: Stefanie Engel
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Engel
Title: Consistency of Risk Preference Measures: An Artefactual Field Experiment from Rural China
Abstract: 
 A variety of measures have been developed to elicit individual risk preferences. How these measures perform in the field, in particular in developing countries with non-student subjects, is still an open question. We implement an artefactual field experiment in rural China to investigate (i) consistency across incentivised experimental risk measures, (ii) consistency in risk preferences elicitation between non-incentivised survey measures and incentivised experiments, and (iii) possible explanations for risk preference inconsistency across measures. We find that inconsistent risk preferences across survey and experimental measures may be explained by ambiguity preferences. In the survey, subjects may mix risk and ambiguity preferences.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1955-1973
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1336542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1336542
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Priscilla Wainaina
Author-X-Name-First: Priscilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Wainaina
Author-Name: Songporne Tongruksawattana
Author-X-Name-First: Songporne
Author-X-Name-Last: Tongruksawattana
Author-Name: Matin Qaim
Author-X-Name-First: Matin
Author-X-Name-Last: Qaim
Title: Synergies between Different Types of Agricultural Technologies in the Kenyan Small Farm Sector
Abstract: 
 Sustainable intensification of agriculture will have to build on various innovations, but synergies between different types of technologies are not yet sufficiently understood. We use representative data from small farms in Kenya and propensity score matching to compare effects of input-intensive technologies and natural resource management practices on household income. When adopted in combination, positive income effects tend to be larger than when individual technologies are adopted alone. The largest gains occur when improved seeds are adopted together with organic manure and zero tillage. These results point at important synergies between plant breeding technologies and natural resource management practices.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1974-1990
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1342818
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1342818
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tristan Le Cotty
Author-X-Name-First: Tristan
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Cotty
Author-Name: Elodie Maître d’Hôtel
Author-X-Name-First: Elodie
Author-X-Name-Last: Maître d’Hôtel
Author-Name: Raphael Soubeyran
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael
Author-X-Name-Last: Soubeyran
Author-Name: Julie Subervie
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Subervie
Title: Linking Risk Aversion, Time Preference and Fertiliser Use in Burkina Faso
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates whether Burkinabe maize farmers’ fertiliser-use decisions are correlated with their risk and time preferences. We conducted a survey and a series of hypothetical experiments on a sample of 1500 farmers. We find that more patient farmers do use more fertiliser, but it is only because they plant more maize (a fertiliser-intensive crop) rather than because they use more fertiliser per hectare of maize planted. Conversely, we find no statistically significant link between risk aversion and fertiliser use. We use a simple two-period model, which suggests that risk aversion may indeed have an ambiguous effect on fertiliser use.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1991-2006
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1344645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1344645
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacopo Bonan
Author-X-Name-First: Jacopo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonan
Author-Name: Laura Pagani
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Pagani
Title: Junior Farmer Field Schools, Agricultural Knowledge and Spillover Effects: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Northern Uganda
Abstract: 
 We analyse the impact of a junior farmer field school project in Northern Uganda on students’ agricultural knowledge and practices. We also test for the presence of intergenerational learning spillover within households. We use differences-in-differences estimators with ex-ante matching and find evidence that the programme had positive effects on students’ agricultural knowledge and adoption of good practices. The project also produced spillover effects in terms of improvements of household agricultural knowledge and food security. Overall, our results point to the importance of adapting the basic principles of farmer field schools to children.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2007-2022
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1355457
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1355457
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:11:p:2007-2022




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Noemi Pace
Author-X-Name-First: Noemi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pace
Author-Name: Silvio Daidone
Author-X-Name-First: Silvio
Author-X-Name-Last: Daidone
Author-Name: Benjamin Davis
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Handa
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu
Author-X-Name-Last: Handa
Author-Name: Marco Knowles
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles
Author-Name: Robert Pickmans
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Pickmans
Title: One Plus One can be Greater than Two: Evaluating Synergies of Development Programmes in Malawi
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the interplay between the Social Cash Transfer Programme (SCTP) and the Farm Input Subsidy Programme (FISP) in Malawi. We take advantage of data collected from a 17-month evaluation of a sample of households eligible to receive SCTP, which also provided information about inclusion into FISP. We estimate two types of synergies: i) the complementarity between SCTP and FISP, that is whether the impact of both interventions run together is larger than the sum of the impacts of these interventions when run separately, and ii) the incremental impact of receiving FISP when a household already receives SCTP, as well as the incremental impact of receiving SCTP when a household already receives FISP. The analysis shows that there are synergies between the two policy interventions, mainly in terms of incremental impacts of each programme over the other, in increasing expenditure, agricultural production and livestock.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2023-2060
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1380794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380794
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeffrey R. Bloem
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bloem
Author-Name: Duncan Boughton
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: Boughton
Author-Name: Kyan Htoo
Author-X-Name-First: Kyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Htoo
Author-Name: Aung Hein
Author-X-Name-First: Aung
Author-X-Name-Last: Hein
Author-Name: Ellen Payongayong
Author-X-Name-First: Ellen
Author-X-Name-Last: Payongayong
Title: Measuring Hope: A Quantitative Approach with Validation in Rural Myanmar
Abstract: 
 Development economists are increasingly considering the role of hope in behaviours relating to investment, production, and consumption decisions of the poor. Although several studies have examined how the concepts of hope and aspirations may fit into economic theories, empirical studies have yet to validate a reliable measurement of hope. We adapt a quantitative approach to measure hope in the context of rural Myanmar. We present three tests of measurement validity. This study finds that hope measurements are correlated with covariates in a way supported by theory, are distinct from other psychological concepts, and are positively correlated with welfare perceptions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2078-2094
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385764
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385764
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ghulam Dastgir
Author-X-Name-First: Ghulam
Author-X-Name-Last: Dastgir
Author-Name: Keisuke Kawata
Author-X-Name-First: Keisuke
Author-X-Name-Last: Kawata
Author-Name: Yuichiro Yoshida
Author-X-Name-First: Yuichiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Yoshida
Title: Effect of Forced Relocation on Household Income and Consumption Patterns: Evidence from the Aynak Copper Mine Project in Afghanistan
Abstract: 
 In 2011, the government of Afghanistan and a Chinese mining company relocated an entire village near the Aynak copper mine, where they developed a mining site. This paper investigates the impact of this displacement on affected households’ income and consumption patterns using a difference-in-differences approach and primary household-level data from the villages around the mine in two periods: one just before relocation in 2011 and another in 2015. In 2011, all households of the Wali Kali village, one of the seven project-affected villages, were involuntarily relocated. Project-affected families (PAFs) claim that their traditional earning sources have been inadequately replaced by mine-related earnings and that, being separated geographically, they now face difficulty maintaining social networks that are necessary for their survival. Once lost, rebuilding social networks is not easy in war-trampled Afghanistan. This paper clarifies these shadowy effects of forced relocation and demonstrates that traditional daily labour income was reduced significantly and only partially replaced by income from mine-related activities among those who were relocated and that relocation significantly discouraged the participation in community life, reflecting the losses of social capital among the PAFs due to separation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2061-2077
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385767
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385767
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucio Esposito
Author-X-Name-First: Lucio
Author-X-Name-Last: Esposito
Author-Name: Adrián Villaseñor
Author-X-Name-First: Adrián
Author-X-Name-Last: Villaseñor
Title: Wealth Inequality, Educational Environment and School Enrolment: Evidence from Mexico
Abstract: 
 Using data from the extended section of the 2010 Mexican census (2.9 million households), we study how school enrolment is associated with wealth inequality and with the educational environment the child is exposed to at the household and municipal levels. We provide robust evidence of wealth inequality as a negative predictor of school enrolment for children in primary, secondary and high school age ranges while a positive role is played by the educational environment. Through the introduction of interaction terms, we account for how economic and educational variables are intertwined at both the household and the municipal level, and we are able to illustrate the considerable heterogeneity in the role of adult education for households at different standards of living.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2095-2118
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1385768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1385768
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-I
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1424605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1424605
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana T. Kudaibergenova
Author-X-Name-First: Diana T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kudaibergenova
Title: Economies of Favour after Socialism, Edited by David Henig &amp; Nicolette Makovicky Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017, 256 pp., £55.00, ISBN 9780199687411
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2136-2137
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1467789
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1467789
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sangita Vyas
Author-X-Name-First: Sangita
Author-X-Name-Last: Vyas
Author-Name: Dean Spears
Author-X-Name-First: Dean
Author-X-Name-Last: Spears
Title: Sanitation and Religion in South Asia: What Accounts for Differences across Countries?
Abstract: 
 Exposure to open defecation has serious consequences for child mortality, health, and human capital development. South Asia has the highest rates of open defecation worldwide, and although the incidence declines as household income rises, differences across South Asian countries are not explained by differences in per capita income. The rate of open defecation in sub-national regions of Bangladesh, India and Nepal is highly correlated with the fraction of the population that identifies as Hindu, in part because certain rituals of purity and pollution discourage having latrines in close proximity to one’s home. Almost all open defecation occurs in rural areas, and this paper estimates how much the rate could be reduced if rural households in regions that have a higher fraction of Hindus, where open defecation is still common, altered their behaviour to reflect that of non-Hindu households in regions that are predominantly non-Hindu, where the rate of open defecation is much lower. Using nonparametric reweighting methods, this paper projects that rural open defecation in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal could be reduced to rates of between 6 and 8 per cent, compared to the prevailing level of 65 per cent.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2119-2135
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1469742
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1469742
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masooda Bano
Author-X-Name-First: Masooda
Author-X-Name-Last: Bano
Title: Rulers, Religion, and Riches: Why the West Got Rich and the Middle East Did Not by Jared Rubin New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, 273 pp., £79.99, ISBN 9781107036819
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2137-2138
Issue: 11
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1481554
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1481554
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial board
Journal: 
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422408
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422408
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arthur Goldsmith
Author-X-Name-First: Arthur
Author-X-Name-Last: Goldsmith
Title: Democracy, property rights and economic growth
Abstract: 
 What does the global surge in democracy and capitalism portend for economic growth? The shift toward popular government is predicted by some to accelerate growth, by others to retard it. Often left out of the equation is property rights as a factor distinct from democratic rule. Using recent data on 59 less developed and transitional countries, this article explores the relationship among institutional factors and growth in the 1980s and early 1990s. Democratic freedoms and property rights are associated with the dependent variable, suggesting that national income in poor countries stands to gain from recent efforts to implant these institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 157-174
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422409
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1995:i:2:p:157-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Bleaney
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Bleaney
Author-Name: David Fielding
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding
Title: Investment, trade liberalisation and structural adjustment
Abstract: 
 The disappointing investment response in developing countries to World Bank Structural Adjustment Lending (SALs) is considered in the light of a theoretical model of the impact of trade liberalisation and tightening balance‐of‐payments constraints on investment. The policy reforms under SALs are not as conducive to increased investment as they may appear to be at first sight. The tendency of countries to apply for SALs when confronted with serious balance‐of‐payments disequilibrium is also an important factor. However, there is no evidence that SALs are associated with a downward shift in the investment function.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 175-194
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422410
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422410
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1995:i:2:p:175-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Bennell
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennell
Title: British manufacturing investment in sub‐Saharan Africa: Corporate responses during structural adjustment
Abstract: 
 A recently completed survey of British manufacturing investment in 14 anglophone African countries indicates that there has been major disinvestment during the last five years. This process of corporate disengagement is occuring despite concerted attempts by African governments to improve the overall investment climate for both national and foreign investors. The article analyses the pattern of disinvestment by country and industrial sector and considers some of the key causal factors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 195-217
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422411
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donna MacIsaac
Author-X-Name-First: Donna
Author-X-Name-Last: MacIsaac
Author-Name: Harry Patrinos
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Patrinos
Title: Labour market discrimination against indigenous people in Peru
Abstract: 
 In this article, the component of the gross wage differential that can be explained by productivity‐enhancing attributes and that which is due to unexplained factors and labour market discrimination are empirically determined. Individual data from the 1991 Living Standards Measurements Survey of Peru are used to analyse labour market earnings and to decompose the gross earnings differential. A large portion of the indigenous/non‐indigenous wage gap is unexplained by human capital and other observable differences.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 218-233
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422412
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422412
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1995:i:2:p:218-233




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Binswanger
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Binswanger
Author-Name: Shahidur Khandker
Author-X-Name-First: Shahidur
Author-X-Name-Last: Khandker
Title: The impact of formal finance on the rural economy of India
Abstract: 
 India's supply‐led approach to agricultural credit paid off in non‐farm growth, employment and rural wages. The impact of expanded credit on agricultural output has been modest, and the benefits of agricultural income exceed the costs of the programme only if optimistic assumptions are made about repayment rates on farm credit.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 234-262
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422413
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422413
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Wenner
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wenner
Title: Group credit: A means to improve information transfer and loan repayment performance
Abstract: 
 Information asymmetries plague credit markets in developing countries, leading to selective rationing and market segmentation with adverse income distributional consequences for small borrowers. Data collected from the FINCA group credit programme in Costa Rica were used to study the viability and cost effectiveness of group credit as a means to transmit information on borrower creditworthiness. Groups that screened members and used local information had lower delinquency rates than those that did not. However, less than half the groups had positive rates of economic return, suggesting that group lending may improve information flow but is a cost‐sensitive institutional design.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 263-281
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422414
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422414
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1995:i:2:p:263-281




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Van Donge
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Donge
Title: Development theory, the problem of order and a history of the ‘Longue Durée
Abstract: 
 A History of Mozambique. By Malyn Newitt. London: Hurst, 1995. Pp.xxii + 679. £16.50. ISBN 1 85065 172 8
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 282-288
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422415
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mogens Holm
Author-X-Name-First: Mogens
Author-X-Name-Last: Holm
Author-Name: Anthony McFarlane
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: McFarlane
Author-Name: Klaus Dodds
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Dodds
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: 
 Tanzania: The Limits to Development from Above. By J. Kjell Havnevik. Uppsala: The Scandinavian Institute for African Studies, 1993. Pp.343. £14.95. ISBN 91 7106 335 8The Making of Modern Colombia: A Nation in Spite of Itself. By David Bushnell. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1993, Pp.x + 334. $42. ISBN 0 520 08289 3Utopia Unarmed ‐ The Latin American Left After The Cold War. By Jorge G. Castaneda. New York: Vintage, 1995. Pp.vii + 498. £12.99 (paperback). ISBN 0 934 58259 4
Journal: 
Pages: 289-294
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 1995
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389508422416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389508422416
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: X-X
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1210248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1210248
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: XI-XI
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1279382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1279382
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Clark
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark
Author-Name: Arlene Garces-Ozanne
Author-X-Name-First: Arlene
Author-X-Name-Last: Garces-Ozanne
Author-Name: Stephen Knowles
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles
Title: Emphasising the Problem or the Solution in Charitable Fundraising for International Development
Abstract: 
 We conduct a laboratory experiment to test the effect on charitable donations to international development NGOs (INGOs) of emphasising current deprivation in a developing country, versus emphasising the potential good a donation can achieve. Using a double-blind dictator experiment with earned endowments, we find that varying the information/emphasis has no significant effect on total donations, nor on the probability of donating. We find suggestive evidence that an emphasis on current deprivation may raise the variance of donations, and thus the size of donations conditional on donating, but the effect is not significant in hurdle models that explicitly recognise this.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1082-1094
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1308490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1308490
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Verwimp
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Verwimp
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Muñoz-Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz-Mora
Title: Returning Home after Civil War: Food Security and Nutrition among Burundian Households
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the food security and nutritional status of formerly displaced households (HHs). Using the 2006 Core Welfare Indicator Survey for Burundi we compare their food intake and their level of expenses with that of their non-displaced neighbours. We test whether it is the duration of displacement that matters for current food security and nutritional status or the time lapsed since returning home. We use log-linear as well as propensity score matching and an instrumental variable-approach to control for self-selection bias. We find that the individuals and HHs who returned home just before the time of the survey are worse off compared to those who returned several years earlier. On average, the formerly displaced have 5 per cent lower food expenses and 6 per cent lower calorie intake. Moreover, we find evidence in favour of duration of displacement as the main mechanisms through which displacement affects HH welfare. Results are robust after controlling for self-selection bias. Despite international, government and NGO assistance, the welfare of recent returnees is lagging seriously behind in comparison with the local non-displaced populations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1019-1040
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1311407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1311407
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moises Arce
Author-X-Name-First: Moises
Author-X-Name-Last: Arce
Author-Name: Rebecca E. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Christopher F. Patane
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Patane
Author-Name: Marc S. Polizzi
Author-X-Name-First: Marc S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Polizzi
Title: Resource Wealth, Democracy and Mobilisation
Abstract: 
 The impact of resource wealth on society remains highly contested in the literature. Some perspectives suggest that resource wealth is associated with political apathy, while others indicate that resource wealth fosters violent civil conflicts. We leverage these seemingly contradictory impacts of natural resources on society by expanding the scope of inquiry to explore different types of resource wealth (oil and minerals) as well as other dimensions of political life (protest). Utilising a global dataset for the period 1950–2006, we test the impact of resource wealth on mobilisation. We find that while oil wealth demobilises citizens in all regime types, mineral wealth strongly correlates with higher levels of mobilisation in democracies, though not in autocracies. In addition, using survey data, we examine individual-level attitudes toward protest participation in two resource-rich states, Peru and Ecuador. The results indicate that an individual living in a mineral-rich country like Peru is more likely to participate in a protest compared to an individual living in an oil-rich country like Ecuador. Our findings highlight the contributions of the resource activism framework for understanding the connection between natural resources and mobilisation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 949-967
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1311408
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1311408
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanja R. Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Title: Post-Liberation Politics and Political Space in Eritrea: Interrogating Aspirations among Educated Youth
Abstract: 
 This article discusses post-liberation politics in Eritrea through the lens of political space, making use of empirical data collected between 1996 and 2006 among youth in higher education. Political space is defined as a relational space whose boundaries are being created in constant balancing acts between enforced citizenship obligations and personal aspirations. This definition allows for an analysis of the contradictions between national development objectives and personal aspirations in the lives of research-protagonists, and through this provides important insights into the nature of the Eritrean state. Main findings demonstrate how closures of political space ultimately undermine important state objectives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 968-982
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1311409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1311409
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Yanguas
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yanguas
Title: Land′s End: Capitalist Relations on an Indigenous Frontier
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1095-1096
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1314855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1314855
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandana Maitra
Author-X-Name-First: Chandana
Author-X-Name-Last: Maitra
Author-Name: D.S. Prasada Rao
Author-X-Name-First: D.S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Prasada Rao
Title: An Empirical Investigation into Measurement and Determinants of Food Security
Abstract: 
 We examine the association between calorie-based indicators and experiential indicators of food security using data from slum households of Kolkata surveyed in 2010–2011. Experiential indicator is constructed following the United States Household Food Security Survey Module. Calorie based indicator is constructed using household-specific calorie norms. Modelling techniques take account of potential endogeneity in the relationship. The two indicators are aligned in the same direction implying more accurate targeting. However, there is a lack of one-to-one correspondence between the two measures and the drivers of calorie deprivation and food insecurity also differ, suggesting a one-size-fits-all policy cannot address both concerns simultaneously.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1060-1081
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1324144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1324144
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:6:p:1060-1081




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhen Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Jing Lan
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: Lan
Title: The Effect of the Sloping Land Conversion Programme on Farm Household Productivity in Rural China
Abstract: 
 The objective of this paper is to examine the treatment effect on farm household productivity induced by the Sloping Land Conversion Program. Using large balanced household level data from five provinces during 1996–2010, this study shows that the SLCP significantly improved the productivity of participants during the first round of funding of the programme until 2008, while the effects decreased gradually in the second round with most years not showing significant differences. Moreover, it is found that there are heterogeneous effects on farm household productivity between the south and north, as well as between poor and rich regions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1041-1059
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1324145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1324145
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giacomo De Giorgi
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo
Author-X-Name-Last: De Giorgi
Author-Name: Matthew Ploenzke
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Ploenzke
Author-Name: Aminur Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Aminur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Title: Small Firms’ Formalisation: The Stick Treatment
Abstract: 
 Firm informality is pervasive throughout the developing world, Bangladesh being no exception. The informal status of many firms substantially reduces the tax basis and therefore impacts the provision of public goods. The literature on encouraging formalisation has predominantly focused on reducing the direct costs of formalisation and has found negligible impacts of such policies. In this paper, we focus on a stick intervention, which to the best of our knowledge is the first one in a developing country setting that deals with the most direct and dominant form of informality, that is registration with the tax authority with a direct link to the country’s potential revenue base and thus public goods provision. We implement an experiment in which randomly selected firms are visited by tax representatives who deliver an official letter from the Bangladesh National Tax Authority stating that the firm is not registered and the consequential punishment if the firm fails to register. We find that the intervention increases the rate of registration among treated firms, while firms located in the same market but not treated do not seem to respond significantly. We also find that only larger revenue firms at baseline respond to the threat and register. Our findings have at least two important policy implications: i) the enforcement angle, which could be an important tool to encourage formalisation; and ii) targeting of government resources for formalisation to high-end informal firms. The effects are generally small in levels and this leaves open the question of why many firms still do not register.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 983-1001
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327660
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1327660
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:6:p:983-1001




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: How Solidarity Works for Welfare by Prerna Singh, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2016, xix+304 pp., £64.99, ISBN 978-1-107-07005-9
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1096-1097
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1356582
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1356582
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:6:p:1096-1097




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Frölich
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Frölich
Author-Name: Andreas Landmann
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Landmann
Title: Effects of Insurance on Child Labour: Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Behavioural Changes
Abstract: 
 In this paper we analyse possible effects of insurance on child labour. First, we develop a theoretical model that separates effects of insurance with and without a shock taking place. We then empirically test the hypotheses derived from the model by analysing the extension of a health insurance product in urban Hyderabad in Pakistan. Consistent with the theoretical model we develop in this paper, the reduction in child labour caused by the extension is largely due to an ex-ante feeling of protection as opposed to an ex-post shock-mitigation effect.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1002-1018
Issue: 6
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1366452
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1366452
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:6:p:1002-1018




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Banks
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Banks
Author-Name: Melanie Lombard
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Lombard
Author-Name: Diana Mitlin
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitlin
Title: Urban Informality as a Site of Critical Analysis
Abstract: 
 Across the Global South, the realities of urban informality are changing, with implications for how we understand this phenomenon across economic, spatial, and political domains. Recent accounts have attempted to recognise the diversity of informality across contexts and dimensions, as well as its everyday lived realities. Reviewing key debates in the sector, and drawing upon the new empirical studies in the papers presented here, we argue for a shift away from seeing urban informality narrowly as a setting, sector, or outcome. We suggest that reconsidering informality as a site of critical analysis offers a new perspective that draws on and extends political economy approaches, and helps us to understand processes of stratification and disadvantage. We seek to highlight the significance of the informal-formal continuum at the same time as challenging this dichotomy, and to explore emerging theoretical and empirical developments, including changing attitudes to informality; the increasing salience of agency; and informality as strategy both for elite and subaltern groups.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 223-238
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1577384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577384
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:223-238




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Harriss-White
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriss-White
Title: Waste, Social Order, and Physical Disorder in Small-Town India
Abstract: 
 India’s waste is growing fast; so is its research, and so is the informal economy in which it is embedded. Here research on a small-town waste economy (WE) is situated in the literature on urban informal waste, making three contributions. First, an analytical grid is placed over this small-town formal-informal waste economy in terms of its circuits of capital in the generation of waste. These comprise factory production, physical and economic distribution, consumption, the production of labour and the reproduction of society. Second, field evidence for this waste economy is used to interrogate the three prevailing approaches to theorising informality, revealing how social and economic segmentation can simultaneously drive all three theorised relationships in a complementary fashion. Third, the municipal government’s fragmented architecture and informal bureaucratic behaviour reveal not only severely compromised management capacities but also the local state’s paradoxical dependence on, and distance from, the informal waste economy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 239-258
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1577386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577386
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:239-258




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Mitlin
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitlin
Author-Name: Anna Walnycki
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Walnycki
Title: Informality as Experimentation: Water Utilities’ Strategies for Cost Recovery and their Consequences for Universal Access
Abstract: 
 This paper considers the modalities by which utilities in four sub-Saharan African cities have extended water services into low-income settlements and examines their consequences for household access to water. We argue that water utilities and other public agencies supplying water are experimenting, drawing on the approaches of informal suppliers, to find ways to extend their coverage into low-income and/or informal neighbourhoods despite their legal status. While this experimentation appears to be extending access, prices prevent low-income households from being able to purchase sufficient quantities of water from public suppliers. Prices remain high in a context in which cost-recovery is a priority for utilities. Using a critical political economy approach, we argue that water pricing strategies applied in informal settlements present a form of accumulation enacted through the ‘market integration’ of low-income, primarily informal households that appears to undermine attempts to build the universal access to water services promised by Sustainable Development Goal 6.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 259-277
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1577383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577383
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:259-277




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Goodfellow
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodfellow
Title: Political Informality: Deals, Trust Networks, and the Negotiation of Value in the Urban Realm
Abstract: 
 This article develops a conceptual framework for analysing political informality, before going on to explore it through a discussion of urban politics in Kampala, Uganda. It builds on recent theoretical developments concerning the relationship between ‘deals’ and ‘rules’, the role of informal trust networks in politics, and different conceptualisations of patron-client relations, to consider varying forms of informal political negotiation and bargaining. Informal politics is ubiquitous, but varies significantly in terms of its interface with formal institutions and the degree to which it is shaped by shared norms and expectations. The article draws out some of these variations through a typology setting out four partially-overlapping categories that aim to capture the diverse and dynamic nature of informal political interaction: pro-formal, anti-formal, para-formal, and a-formal. It then turns to the application of these in an urban context through an analytical discussion of marketplace politics in Kampala. The article argues that conceptualising political informality in this way can facilitate granular and comparative analyses of urban political processes often just described as ‘messy’, ‘chaotic’, or ‘fluid’.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 278-294
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1577385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:278-294




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Robertson
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson
Author-Name: Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Author-X-Name-First: Gladys
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez-Acevedo
Author-Name: Yevgeniya Savchenko
Author-X-Name-First: Yevgeniya
Author-X-Name-Last: Savchenko
Title: Globalisation and the Gender Earnings Gap: Evidence from Sri Lanka and Cambodia
Abstract: 
 Using household and labour force surveys from Cambodia and Sri Lanka, we find large positive wage premiums and a closing of the male-female wage gap during the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA) period, but smaller premiums and a widening wage gap after the end of the MFA. Our results suggest that apparel exports continued to benefit women in developing countries post-MFA but women – both in and out of the apparel industry – are susceptible to changes in global apparel prices.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 295-313
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1573986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1573986
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:295-313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Cabrera-Hernández
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabrera-Hernández
Title: Does Lengthening the School Day Increase School Value-Added? Evidence from a Mid-Income Country
Abstract: 
 Many mid-income countries face a significant and challenging problem of low educational achievement. This research looks at a Full-Time Primary Schools Programme implemented in Mexico, to work out if extending the time pupils spend at school can enhance skills in language and mathematics. The results of matching plus difference-in-differences point to a positive impact on schools value-added. The effects are concentrated among poorer schools, with gains after policy adoption of 0.11 standard deviations (SD) in both subjects. However, quantile regressions show that the lowest-performance schools are not benefiting from longer school days, posing questions on programme effectiveness to improve the achievement of those who are more in need. Analysis of causal channels suggests that gains reported by the programme do not come from changes in the composition of teachers and pupils in treated schools, and that richer schools are more prone to devote the extra-time of instruction to non-core subjects, notably sports and arts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 314-335
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1563680
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1563680
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:314-335




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rakesh Basant
Author-X-Name-First: Rakesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Basant
Author-Name: Gitanjali Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Gitanjali
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Quota-Based Affirmative Action in Higher Education: Impact on Other Backward Classes in India
Abstract: 
 While quota-based and other affirmative actions remain on the policy radar of nations faced with social inequalities, there is limited evidence informing policy choices at the national level. This paper estimates the mid-term impact of quota-based affirmative action in higher education (HE) in India implemented from 2008, which mandates that 27 per cent of seats are to be reserved for the Other Backward Classes (OBC) in public funded institutions of HE. Exploiting the differences in participation across social groups, age cohort,s and geographies with varied histories of affirmative action, our triple difference method estimates the impact of the Act by the year 2011–2012. Our results indicate that southern and northcentral states that already had quotas in place for a fairly long period of time, do not contribute much in further expansion of enrolment of OBCs; instead, the eastern region, where such a policy did not exist for long has about 0.12 points improvement in enrolment. Our estimates are robust to different specifications and the impact seems to be non-existent amongst the richest. It suggests that future policy initiatives need to be more nuanced considering regional differences in policy histories, supply of institutions, and extant rates of HE participation of the disadvantaged sections.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 336-360
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1573987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1573987
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:336-360




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathryn Vasilaky
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasilaky
Author-Name: Rahel Diro
Author-X-Name-First: Rahel
Author-X-Name-Last: Diro
Author-Name: Michael Norton
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Norton
Author-Name: Geoff McCarney
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarney
Author-Name: Daniel Osgood
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Osgood
Title: Can Education Unlock Scale? The Demand Impact of Educational Games on a Large-Scale Unsubsidised Index Insurance Programme in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 There is increasing concern that voluntary index insurance may fail to produce sustainable impacts at scale. Despite this concern, most research is focused on experimental or highly subsidised projects – little is known about farmer demand for market priced, commercially focused index insurance. We estimate the impact of attending a randomly administered education game for index insurance on the likelihood of purchase in the context of an unsubsidised, non-loan-linked commercial insurance programme in Ethiopia. This programme has already scaled to the tens of thousands via labour-based liquidity programmes and cash only sales. We find that the likelihood of purchasing unsubsidised insurance in commercial sales rose by an average of 10 per cent across villages, and that the average amount of insurance purchased increased by 33 per cent. These results demonstrate a possibility for financial education to increase demand, particularly among the subset of farmers who are not eligible for liquidity programmes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 361-383
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1554207
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1554207
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammad Badiuzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Badiuzzaman
Author-Name: Syed Mansoob Murshed
Author-X-Name-First: Syed Mansoob
Author-X-Name-Last: Murshed
Author-Name: Matthias Rieger
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Rieger
Title: Improving Maternal Health Care in a Post Conflict Setting: Evidence from Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 We evaluate a development programme with an important maternal health care component in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. The region and its mostly indigenous people experienced violent conflict in the past and face a constant risk of recurring conflict. Given this fragile setting, our work differs from conventional impact evaluations by incorporating two conflict indicators: the household’s actual experience of violence and fears of future violence. We find that the intervention undertaken by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) succeeded in boosting maternal health care utilisation: antenatal care (ANC) check-ups rose by 18 percentage points, while deliveries at health facilities increased by 23 percentage points. However, household experiences of violent conflict and perceptions of insecurity dampen maternal health care utilisation. Impacts on ANC check-ups are concentrated among households without experience of conflict (19 percentage points compared to 4 percentage points among households with such experience). And households without fears of violence see relatively larger impacts on deliveries at a health facility (37 percentage points compared to 11 percentage points). The programme is successful in raising maternal health care utilisation but its effectiveness has been constrained by the violence experienced and perceived by households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 384-400
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1554211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1554211
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:384-400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Harttgen
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Harttgen
Author-Name: Stefan Lang
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lang
Author-Name: Judith Santer
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Santer
Author-Name: Johannes Seiler
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Seiler
Title: Modelling Under-Five Mortality through Multilevel Structured Additive Regression with Varying Coefficients for Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Despite improvements in global child health during the last three decades, under-five mortality rates remain significantly high in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Both regions did not achieve the MDG target of reducing under-five mortality rates by two thirds by 2015. The underlying causes of under-five mortality differ significantly between countries and between regions, which highlights the need to expand our understanding of the determinants of child health in developing countries. By comparing the two geographic regions of the world with the highest under-five mortality rates, we aim to identify differences between the determinants of under-five mortality in these regions. We analyse a large sample of DHS data sets consisting of 35 sub-Saharan African countries and 13 Asian countries from 1992 to 2016. Using a discrete-time survival model that takes advantage of a recently developed multilevel framework in a Bayesian setting, allowing for important non-linear effects and cluster specific heterogeneity. We find strong non-linear effects for the baseline hazard, the household size, the year of birth, and the mother’s BMI. We find considerable differences in determinants between Asian and sub-Saharan African countries. This highlights the necessity to expand our current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms, and helps to formulate policy advices.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 401-430
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1563681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1563681
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:401-430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zemzem Shigute
Author-X-Name-First: Zemzem
Author-X-Name-Last: Shigute
Author-Name: Christoph Strupat
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Strupat
Author-Name: Francesco Burchi
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Burchi
Author-Name: Getnet Alemu
Author-X-Name-First: Getnet
Author-X-Name-Last: Alemu
Author-Name: Arjun S. Bedi
Author-X-Name-First: Arjun S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedi
Title: Linking Social Protection Schemes: The Joint Effects of a Public Works and a Health Insurance Programme in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 In developing countries and in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, social protection schemes tend to operate in silos. However, schemes targeting the same geographical areas may have synergies that have not yet been examined, and which are worth scrutinising. This paper contributes to this knowledge gap by examining the joint impacts of two social protection programmes in Ethiopia, that is, the Productive Safety Net Programme and a Community Based Health Insurance Scheme. Based on three rounds of individual level panel data and several rounds of qualitative interviews, we find that individuals covered by both programmes, as opposed to neither or only one of the two programmes, provide greater labour supply, have larger livestock holdings, and have a lower amount of outstanding loans. Furthermore, joint participation is associated with greater use of modern health care facilities as compared to participating only in the safety net programme. These results show that bundling of interventions enhances protection against multiple risks and that linking social protection schemes yields more than the sum of their individual effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 431-448
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1563682
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1563682
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:431-448




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maryna Rabinovych
Author-X-Name-First: Maryna
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabinovych
Title: Aid Power and Politics
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 449-450
Issue: 2
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1692819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1692819
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:2:p:449-450




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bj&#xF6;rn Nilsson
Author-X-Name-First: Bj&#xF6;rn
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilsson
Title: The School-to-Work Transition in Developing Countries
Abstract: 
 Youth bulges in developing countries may carry both a potential for growth via demographic dividends, and ticking political time bombs, depending on the success of authorities in providing youth with adequate opportunities as they transit into the labour markets of the twenty-first century. In this article I examine the theoretical and empirical research on school-to-work transitions (SWT) in developing countries. After a discussion of the attempts at operationalising the concept of school-to-work transitions from a statistical point of view, I review the theoretical settings suitable for analysing the SWT. Despite an extensive search and matching literature, few models seem adapted to developing countries&#x2019; labour markets, and even fewer are empirically tested. I then examine the determinants of transition lengths at the individual and macro level. Findings indicate that education is not always associated with shorter durations to first employment, and that the reasons may be higher expectations, reservation wages, or queuing. Women generally experience longer transitions in the labour market, and evidence from labour market interventions is mixed. Many factors likely to influence the school-to-work transition have not been studied from the point of view of school-to-work transitions, however, and potential directions for future research are presented.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 745-764
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1475649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1475649
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:5:p:745-764




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarmistha Pal
Author-X-Name-First: Sarmistha
Author-X-Name-Last: Pal
Author-Name: Bibhas Saha
Author-X-Name-First: Bibhas
Author-X-Name-Last: Saha
Title: Enhancing Excellence: Socially Motivated Private Schools of Nepal
Abstract: 
 Social motivation can promote efficiency of public service delivery though its role in providing schooling is little understood. We provide both theoretical and empirical insights as to why not-for-profit private schools could enhance excellence in schooling, using Nepal as a case study. Results suggest that socially motivated trust schools outperform all other types of schools irrespective of whether we consider standardised test scores, absolute or relative to school expenditure per student. Results are robust and highlight that trust school&#x2019;s social objective, coupled with private financing, ownership, and management that minimises its agency costs, is key to their value for money.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 765-785
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1464142
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464142
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tam Ngo Minh Tran
Author-X-Name-First: Tam Ngo Minh
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran
Author-Name: Laure Pasquier-Doumer
Author-X-Name-First: Laure
Author-X-Name-Last: Pasquier-Doumer
Title: Full-day Schooling and Educational Inequality in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Full-day schooling was introduced in Vietnam to deal with the lack of instructional time in primary education compared to international standards. Yet full-day schooling could impact educational inequality by filling the gap in instructional time between children from different family backgrounds, given that well-off families tend to offset the lack of instructional time with private tutoring. This paper draws on data from the 2011&#x2013;2012 Young Lives School Survey to investigate whether the massive rollout of full-day schooling in recent years could improve equality of opportunity in Vietnam. First, it examines the variation in instructional time and school resources between pupils with and without full-day schooling from different social backgrounds. It then investigates the learning progress associated with full-day schooling across social backgrounds. The paper suggests that full-day schooling has not narrowed the inequality of opportunity in learning achievement at this stage of its implementation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 786-804
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1469744
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1469744
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian McCaig
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: McCaig
Author-Name: Jordan Nanowski
Author-X-Name-First: Jordan
Author-X-Name-Last: Nanowski
Title: Business Formalisation in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 We estimate the impact of business formalisation using nationally representative panel data on businesses in Vietnam. Our data allows us to observe businesses for two surveys prior to obtaining a licence and hence to control for differential trends before formalisation. We find that obtaining a licence is not associated with an increase in profits or other business outcomes such as revenue, expenses, and employment once we control for differential trends. Controlling for trends is crucial, as estimates that ignore trends consistently find a larger positive association between becoming licensed and business performance. Our results suggest that inducing more businesses to register is unlikely to bring about large-scale changes for these businesses.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 805-821
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1475646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1475646
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asif Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Asif
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: Silvia Muzi
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Muzi
Author-Name: Mohammad Amin
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin
Title: Unequal Laws and the Disempowerment of Women in the Labour Market: Evidence from Firm-Level Data
Abstract: 
 Institutions are defined as the set of rules that govern human interactions. When these rules are discriminatory, they may disempower segments of a population in the economic spheres of activity. In this study, we explore whether laws that discriminate against women influence their engagement in the economy. We adopt a holistic approach where we explore an overall measure of unequal laws also known as legal gender disparities and relate it to several labour market outcomes for women. Using data for over 59,000 firms across 94 economies, we find that unequal laws not only discourage women&#x2019;s participation in the private sector workforce, but also their likelihood to become top managers and owners of firms. Suggestive evidence indicates that access to finance, property ownership, business registration, and labour market constraints are pathways by which legal gender disparities disempower women in the private sector.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 822-844
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1487055
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1487055
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fatma Romeh M. Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Fatma Romeh M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Title: In the Same Boat, but not Equals: The Heterogeneous Effects of Parental Income on Child Labour
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of parental income on child labour. The empirical literature has found conflicting results regarding whether poverty leads parents to send their children to work. Most of this literature, however, treats child labourers as a single homogeneous group, ignoring differences among working children in work intensity, hazard exposure, and type of employer. This paper argues that accounting for the heterogeneity in child&#x2019;s working conditions may explain the conflicting results in the literature. Specifically, the existence of this heterogeneity may reflect heterogeneity in parents&#x2019; perceptions about the returns to child&#x2019;s work, and hence in parental reasons to send their children to work. To test this hypothesis, I estimate the effects of parental income on child labour for various working conditions, using data from the 2010 Egypt National Child Labour Survey. This dataset provides rich information on the working conditions of child labourers. The findings show that the effect of parental income on child labour is minimal among children who work in non-hazardous jobs, jobs that are not highly physical, or in family businesses. In contrast, higher parental income does decrease the likelihood of child labour in market work, jobs that are physical and hazardous jobs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 845-858
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1438595
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1438595
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Chauvet
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Chauvet
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Lavall&#xE9;e
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Lavall&#xE9;e
Author-Name: Sandrine Mespl&#xE9;-Somps
Author-X-Name-First: Sandrine
Author-X-Name-Last: Mespl&#xE9;-Somps
Author-Name: Camille Saint-Macary
Author-X-Name-First: Camille
Author-X-Name-Last: Saint-Macary
Title: Third DIAL Conference on Barriers to Development
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 859-860
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1499896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1499896
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecilia Poggi
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia
Author-X-Name-Last: Poggi
Title: Credit Availability and Internal Migration: Evidence from Thailand
Abstract: 
 This study investigates the relationship between borrowing and internal migration. Exploiting the micro-finance scheme Village Fund in Thailand, it investigates the short- and medium-term effects of borrowing since the policy&#x2019;s introduction. Employing an instrumental variables approach, borrowing is instrumented using the inverse number of households per village at the beginning of the policy to capture potential credit availability. The findings suggest that internal migration in Thailand is not credit constrained and its interaction with credit is time-related. Borrowing reduces internal migration in the medium-term, but is found not to affect migration when the policy is first introduced.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 861-875
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1498969
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1498969
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liyousew Gebremedhin Borga
Author-X-Name-First: Liyousew Gebremedhin
Author-X-Name-Last: Borga
Title: Children&#x2019;s Own Time Use and its Effect on Skill Formation
Abstract: 
 Using time use data from a longitudinal survey (covering Ethiopia, India, and Vietnam), the present study examines how the amount of time children spend on different activities impacts their acquisition of cognitive and noncognitive skills. Modelling the skill formation production function of children and extending the set of inputs to include the child&#x2019;s own time inputs, the study finds that child involvement in work activities (paid or nonpaid) are associated with a reduction in both cognitive and noncognitive achievements. The results imply an indirect adverse effect of child work on skill development through the reduction of hours of study.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 876-893
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1499893
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1499893
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ga&#xEB;lle Balineau
Author-X-Name-First: Ga&#xEB;lle
Author-X-Name-Last: Balineau
Title: Engel Curves for Fair Trade Consumption and Development Perspectives for Producers: Evidence from Data on Real Fairtrade Purchases
Abstract: 
 While Fairtrade sales have exhibited two-digit growth rates over recent decades, their capacity to become large enough to generate substantial gains for producers is still uncertain. Estimating Fairtrade Engel curves based on real purchases, this article describes how Fairtrade consumption varies with consumer characteristics and total income. Results show high expenditure elasticities for Fairtrade demand, and suggest that market expansion lies in the growth of income per capita in import countries and in an increase in the diversity, availability, and quality of products. Implications for producers are drawn from the results.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 894-916
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1499894
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1499894
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annette N. Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Annette N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Author-Name: Benjamin D. K. Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin D. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: Replication Studies of Development Impact Evaluations
Abstract: 
 Six years ago, the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) launched a programme to promote and fund replication studies of impact evaluations in international development. We designed the programme with the objective of improving the quality of evidence for development policy-making, using replication research to both validate the results of published impact evaluations and build the incentives for more transparent and high quality research going forward. The programme&#x2019;s focus is internal replication, which uses the original data from a study to address the same question as that study. This Journal of Development Studies special issue compiles the majority of completed 3ie-funded replication studies initiated in the first years of the programme. In all cases the pure replication components of these studies are generally able to reproduce the results published in the original article. Most of the measurement and estimation analyses confirm the robustness of the original articles or call into question just a subset of the original findings. These replication studies mostly focus on providing additional information about the impacts of the interventions &#x2013; especially additional information that can be important for interpreting the articles for the purpose of policy-making.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 917-925
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506582
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506582
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin D. K. Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin D. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Author-Name: Michell Dong
Author-X-Name-First: Michell
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong
Title: Recalling Extra Data: A Replication Study of Finding Missing Markets
Abstract: 
 We re-examine some of the strongest evidence supporting agricultural commercialisation, a highly touted yet under-researched development intervention. Our replication study re-examines Ashraf, Gin&#xE9;, and Karlan&#x2019;s &#x2018;Finding Missing Markets&#x2019; paper. Using the previous paper&#x2019;s raw data, our research generally reproduces the original findings. We explore the evaluation&#x2019;s theory of change, focusing on the result that first time export crop adopters benefit more from agricultural commercialisation than previous adopters. We also examine recall bias questions and provide sample size guidance for future researchers. Similar to the original paper, we find that the intervention mostly benefits households just entering the agricultural production value-chain.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 926-945
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506574
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506574
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vegard Iversen
Author-X-Name-First: Vegard
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen
Author-Name: Richard Palmer-Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer-Jones
Title: All You Need is Cable TV?
Abstract: 
 Robert Jensen and Emily Oster find that arrival of cable TV in rural India reduces women's tolerance of spousal violence, son preference and fertility, and increases women's autonomy, and school enrolment. These results are mostly replicated using their data and code. However, cable TV does not affect uneducated women. Theoretically informed index construction reduces the tolerance of violence effect, and weakens that on autonomy. We have statistical power concerns, and find errors and questionable assumptions in school enrolment constructions. Using our data constructions, effects sizes and significance are weakened. These results suggest that pure, statistical and scientific replication have merit.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 946-966
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506581
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506581
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katherine Donato
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Donato
Author-Name: Adrian Garcia Mosqueira
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia Mosqueira
Title: Information Improves Provider Behaviour: A Replication Study of a Community-Based Monitoring Programme in Uganda
Abstract: 
 In &#x2018;Power to the People: Evidence from a Randomised Field Experiment on Community-Based Monitoring in Uganda&#x2019; (2009), Bj&#xF6;rkman and Svensson show that a relatively simple intervention &#x2013; providing community-level health service delivery information and guidance on community-based monitoring &#x2013; improved provider behaviour, health care utilisation, and health outcomes. In this paper we conduct a pure replication of the original study and extend the original analysis. Overall, we find that the intervention modified healthcare provider behaviours and utilisation, but that the results surrounding the programme&#x2019;s impact on health outcomes appear less robust.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 967-988
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506577
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506577
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:5:p:967-988




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natalie Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: Natalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Author-Name: Slawa Rokicki
Author-X-Name-First: Slawa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rokicki
Title: The Impact of India&#x2019;s Janani Suraksha Yojana Conditional Cash Transfer Programme: A Replication Study
Abstract: 
 In 2005 the government of India established Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), a conditional cash transfer programme to increase deliveries in health facilities. We re-examine an influential study published in 2010 on the effect of JSY on reproductive health coverage indicators and perinatal and neonatal mortality. We find the original authors&#x2019; results to be replicable and robust to various changes in model specifications and analysis. Through the use of multilevel models, we find meaningful heterogeneity across states and districts in the effects of JSY on the probabilities of in-facility delivery and skilled birth attendance, and neonatal mortality rates.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 989-1006
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506578
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506578
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:5:p:989-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Kuecken
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuecken
Author-Name: Marie-Anne Valfort
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Valfort
Title: Information Reduces Corruption and Improves Enrolment (But Not Schooling): A Replication Study of a Newspaper Campaign in Uganda
Abstract: 
 In the mid-1990s, Ugandan primary schools received only one-fifth of intended government capitation grants. A seminal study shows that a grassroots newspaper campaign substantially reduced grant capture and improved educational outcomes. We replicate these results, confirming that the campaign reduced corruption and increased enrolment. The latter outcome is only robust with an improved enrolment measure introduced in later work by the authors of the original study. We cannot, however, support the authors&#x2019; conclusion that lower capture enhanced learning. Finally, we show that the newspaper campaign allowed for a fairer allocation of teachers across schools, a result absent in the original papers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1007-1029
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506575
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward M. Whitney
Author-X-Name-First: Edward M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitney
Author-Name: Drew B. Cameron
Author-X-Name-First: Drew B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cameron
Author-Name: Paul C. Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Heterogeneous Effects of Urban Land Titling: A Replication of &#x2018;Property Rights for the Poor&#x2019;
Abstract: 
 We replicate the analysis of Sebastian Galiani and Ernesto Shargrodsky&#x2019;s (GS) influential 2010 article &#x2018;Property rights for the poor: effects of land titling&#x2019;. GS use a natural experiment in a poor urban area of Buenos Aires to find that land titling increases housing investment, reduces household size, and increases child education, but does not do so through increased use of credit. The original questionnaires and raw data are not available and the existing variables provided by GS allow only a limited replication analysis. Despite these limitations, we successfully reproduce the original findings published by GS, and find these results are robust to alternative specifications. We also find heterogeneous effects regarding gender and education level of the original squatter.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1030-1033
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506576
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeffrey E. Korte
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Korte
Author-Name: Eric W. Djimeu
Author-X-Name-First: Eric W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Djimeu
Author-Name: Flor A. Calvo
Author-X-Name-First: Flor A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Calvo
Title: Evidence of Behavioural Compensation in Internal Replication Study of Male Circumcision Trial to Reduce HIV Acquisition in Kisumu, Kenya
Abstract: 
 We replicated the study &#x2018;Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial&#x2019; using an epidemiological approach as well as an econometric approach. Both approaches confirmed the 60 per cent protective effect of circumcision reported in the original paper. Similar to the original paper, we found no evidence of heterogeneous treatment effects by age. Contrary to the original study, we found evidence of risk compensation, with circumcised men less likely to stay abstinent (odds ratio 0.79 [95% CI: 0.64, 0.99]) and more likely to have had unprotected intercourse (OR 1.2 [1.1, 1.4]). These findings reinforce the impact of circumcision but highlight behavioural risk.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1034-1041
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506580
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506580
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria P&#xED;a Basurto
Author-X-Name-First: Maria P&#xED;a
Author-X-Name-Last: Basurto
Author-Name: Ramiro Burga
Author-X-Name-First: Ramiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Burga
Author-Name: Jos&#xE9; Luis Flor Toro
Author-X-Name-First: Jos&#xE9; Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Flor Toro
Author-Name: C&#xE9;sar Huaroto
Author-X-Name-First: C&#xE9;sar
Author-X-Name-Last: Huaroto
Title: Note &#x2013; Walking on Solid Ground: A Replication Study of &#x2018;Housing Health and Happiness&#x2019;
Abstract: 
 This note summarises our replication study &#x2018;Housing, Health, and Happiness&#x2019;, henceforth HHH2009, which constitutes an important paper in the literature of housing and slum upgrading. The original authors conduct a quasi-experimental impact evaluation of &#x2018;Piso Firme&#x2019;, an intervention that replaced in-house dirt floors with cement in Mexico. We conduct a Pure Replication (PR), a Measurement and Estimation Analysis (MEA), and a Theory of Change Analysis (TCA). In our PR, we did not find any major discrepancy with the original study. In the MEA, we generally find the results to be strongly robust to different types of alternative analysis. Finally, in TCA we explore a dimension that was not reported on the published version of the study and found that households with high initial levels of cement-floor coverage benefitted significantly less from Piso Firme&#x2019;s intervention. These findings are discussed in greater detail on International Initiative for Impact Evaluation&#x2019;s (3ie) working paper version.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1042-1046
Issue: 5
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1506579
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1506579
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:5:p:1042-1046




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anette Fagertun
Author-X-Name-First: Anette
Author-X-Name-Last: Fagertun
Title: Localising Globalisation: Gendered Transformations of Work in Emergent Economies
Abstract: 
 This introduction identifies central traits of the contemporary labour situation in emergent economies of the global South, and situates the articles for the special section within this broader context. The focus is on the ways changes in labour produce reconfigurations of gender and power relations, and on how local models of gender shape new forms of labour and emerging labour markets. The object of study is thus the complexities different forms of capitalist integration pose in specific socio-historical localities and moments where people’s ‘work membership’ in society is becoming actualised in new ways.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 311-315
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1184252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1184252
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:311-315




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Beth Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Mary Beth
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Title: Gendered Morality Tales: Discourses of Gender, Labour, and Value in Globalising Asia
Abstract: 
 Across Asia, the pursuit of national and global capital accumulation has relied on flexible, feminised work forces and patriarchal models of social reproduction. These gendered patterns of production and reproduction, while central to Asia’s neoliberal ‘miracle’ economies, have also generated powerful discourses that devalue women and their work. Drawing on case studies from across the region, this paper examines the links between these globalising dynamics and provocative local depictions of Asian women as active, desiring, and immoral. These ‘gendered morality tales’ reveal the complex cultural and ideological work that sustains neoliberal models of national economic development. At the same time, these moralising narratives offer insight into the localised negotiations through which marginalised and gendered citizens confront their subordination within the region’s hierarchically ordered political economies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 316-330
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1184251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1184251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:316-330




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anette Fagertun
Author-X-Name-First: Anette
Author-X-Name-Last: Fagertun
Title: Labour in Paradise: Gender, Class and Social Mobility in the Informal Tourism Economy of Urban Bali, Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Bali’s recent socio-economic transformation is mainly a result of rapid growth in mass-tourism, which, as a capitalist labour-intensive industry, represents a new regime of labour that reorganises, dislocates, and multiplies wage labour opportunities. ‘Localising globalisation’ through labour in tourism alters conditions for gaining a living wage; yet, it also produces new contestations of gender, caste and class. This article argues that the labour regime shift has produced a large informal economy that provides new paths for social mobility for low caste Bali-Hindus, whilst at the same time class, gender and caste inequalities interlock in the shaping of different labour trajectories.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 331-345
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1184248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1184248
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecilie Vindal Ødegaard
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilie Vindal
Author-X-Name-Last: Ødegaard
Title: ‘Made in China’. Contraband, Labour and the Gendered Effects of ‘Free-Trade’, China-Peru
Abstract: 
 In Peru, textiles have increasingly become contested as commodities and objects of consumption, especially following the free trade agreement between Peru and China, signed in 2009, which accommodates increased importation of Chinese textiles. This article discusses how local intermediaries, often women who have found a livelihood working with the importation and vending of textiles, are affected by increased border regulations and competition from over-seas, more formalised forms of importation. Reflecting on enactments of femininities and the social and spatial embeddedness of trade in the border areas, the article discusses the multifaceted and gendered implications of a de-localisation of commodity flows.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 346-360
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1184249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1184249
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:346-360




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ragnhild Overå
Author-X-Name-First: Ragnhild
Author-X-Name-Last: Overå
Title: Local Navigations in a Global Industry: The Gendered Nature of Entrepreneurship in Ghana’s Oil and Gas Service Sector
Abstract: 
 Oil and gas discoveries spurred expectations of economic growth and employment in Ghana. The demand for labour is however limited within offshore petroleum extraction. Employment generation therefore depends on the development of an onshore oil and gas service sector. This study examines the strategies adopted by local entrepreneurs in the ‘oil city’ of Takoradi, focusing on the gendered nature of their activities, skills, networks and capital sources. I argue that the petroleum industry’s male dominance and international standards requirements, coupled with gender constraints regarding work and access to relevant resources, limit female entrepreneurs’ creation of employment in this emerging sector.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 361-374
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1184250
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1184250
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Moncarz
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Moncarz
Author-Name: Sergio Barone
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Barone
Author-Name: Germán Calfat
Author-X-Name-First: Germán
Author-X-Name-Last: Calfat
Author-Name: Ricardo Descalzi
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Descalzi
Title: Poverty Impacts of Changes in the International Prices of Agricultural Commodities: Recent Evidence for Argentina (An Ex-Ante Analysis)
Abstract: 
 Argentina has benefited greatly from the increase in prices of agricultural commodities. With a large share of its population with low and medium-low incomes; however, a sizable part of households is likely to be adversely affected by the accompanying rise in the price of the consumption basket. An ex-ante analysis suggests that this is the case. Changes through a less obvious channel (that is, in factor incomes) are likely to be more beneficial to middle-income households. In general, all households experience losses, with poorer households being the most affected. When accounting for transfers financed through the collection of export taxes, poorer households benefit. In the absence of compensatory measures, increases in the prices of agricultural commodities could potentially have an important impact in terms of indigence and poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 375-395
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1166206
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1166206
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:375-395




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ram Mainali
Author-X-Name-First: Ram
Author-X-Name-Last: Mainali
Author-Name: Saqib Jafarey
Author-X-Name-First: Saqib
Author-X-Name-Last: Jafarey
Author-Name: Gabriel Montes-Rojas
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Montes-Rojas
Title: Earnings and Caste: An Evaluation of Caste Wage Differentials in the Nepalese Labour Market
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the sources of wage differentials among castes in Nepal, a country which had, until 1963, an age-old caste-based social division of labour. We use an extended Oaxaca decomposition model with occupation and firm size augmenting the conventionally used measures of human capital endowments. Our results indicate that caste wage differentials in Nepal are large and that human capital endowments and lack of access to better paying occupations and larger firms have a significant impact. Furthermore, we find mixed evidence that the government policy of affirmative action has narrowed down the caste wage differential.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 396-421
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1189535
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1189535
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:396-421




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Abdul Munim Joarder
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Abdul Munim
Author-X-Name-Last: Joarder
Author-Name: Mark Harris
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Author-Name: Alfred M. Dockery
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dockery
Title: Remittances and Happiness of Migrants and Their Home Households: Evidence Using Matched Samples
Abstract: 
 This paper explores how remittances influence happiness among migrants and their households of origin. It is based on a novel data set of matched samples of Bangladeshi migrant households (living in the UK and Malaysia) and their origin families in Bangladesh. Empirical findings suggest that remittances play a significant role in stimulating migrants’ happiness. We also find that the households of origin’s life satisfaction not only depends on receiving remittances from the emigrants, but also other factors such as number of migrants from the household living abroad and the migrants’ country of destination.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 422-443
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1178380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1178380
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:422-443




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victor Cebotari
Author-X-Name-First: Victor
Author-X-Name-Last: Cebotari
Author-Name: Valentina Mazzucato
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzucato
Author-Name: Melissa Siegel
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Siegel
Title: Child Development and Migrant Transnationalism: The Health of Children Who Stay Behind in Ghana and Nigeria
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the relation between parental migration and children’s health in Ghana (N = 2760) and Nigeria (N = 2168) and considers four dimensions of parental migration: the type of separation, parental migration and the caregiver, stability of care arrangements, and the availability of remittances. By employing an ordered scale of children’s self-rated health, we found that children with international migrant parents who are divorced/separated are less likely than children in non-migrant families to have good health. The magnitude of the effects are higher in Nigeria, attesting for a greater vulnerability of Nigerian children in divorced migrant families. Among children with parents living abroad who are stably married, specific dimensions of children’s transnational life are associated with negative health, while others are not. This study highlights the sensitivity of results to the context of parent-child separation and to the transnational dimension being measured.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 444-459
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1187723
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1187723
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:444-459




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jörg Peters
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Peters
Title: , by A. Estache and Q. Wodon
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 460-462
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1233652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1233652
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:460-462




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diane Warburton
Author-X-Name-First: Diane
Author-X-Name-Last: Warburton
Title: , by Mario Biggeri and Andrea Ferrannini
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 462-463
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1233653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1233653
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:462-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Youde
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Youde
Title: , by M. Haacker
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 463-464
Issue: 3
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1245810
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1245810
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:53:y:2017:i:3:p:463-464




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajay Verghese
Author-X-Name-First: Ajay
Author-X-Name-Last: Verghese
Title: Colonialism, Landlords, and Public Goods Provision in India: A Controlled Comparative Analysis
Abstract: 
 What is the impact of colonialism on public goods provision? This article examines India, once the world’s largest colony. While recent studies of the Indian case are divided, they overwhelmingly rely on econometric approaches. This article uses qualitative evidence to provide an important complementary perspective. Using controlled comparisons of the princely state of Travancore with the neighbouring provinces of Malabar and Tirunelveli, I find that colonialism generated less social welfare because British officials empowered landlords. Notably, this occurred despite Malabar and Tirunelveli instituting ryotwari (cultivator-based) land tenure. British rule in India may have promoted landlordism irrespective of land tenure policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1345-1363
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1487057
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1487057
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1345-1363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Justino
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Justino
Title: Governance Interventions in Conflict-Affected Countries
Abstract: 
 This paper reviews an emerging body of literature on governance interventions in countries with ongoing violent conflict, recovering from conflict or at risk of conflict. The review focusses on three broad intervention areas. The first includes interventions that support local governance and the improvement of local capacity for collective action. The second area comprises interventions that strengthen the accountability, legitimacy, and reach of state institutions, including the improvement of information and the provision of public goods. The third centres on interventions aimed at changing social norms that shape systems of governance. Ways forward for future research and policy are proposed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1364-1378
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1487053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1487053
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1364-1378




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bharti Nandwani
Author-X-Name-First: Bharti
Author-X-Name-Last: Nandwani
Title: Decentralisation, Economic Inequality and Insurgency
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates if devolution of political power in conflict-affected areas can reduce violence. Political decentralisation has been widely recognised to improve access to local public services. By providing institutional means to address local grievances, its role in diffusing social tensions has also been suggested. However, there is lack of systematic evidence on the role of local self-government in mitigating social-unrest arising due to local socio-economic issues. Our paper addresses this gap in the literature by assessing the impact of a local government institution, introduced in the Adivasi districts in 1996, on Maoist insurgency in India. The local councils aimed at addressing Adivasi grievances by recognising their traditional lifestyle and land, forests, and water rights, thereby reducing their incentive to participate in insurgency. However, empirical analysis performed using difference-in-difference methodology suggests that Maoist insurgency, as reported in Global Terrorism Database, increased post-decentralisation. We make sure this result is robust to various alternative explanations including state-level policy changes and political environment. Drawing on extensive empirical tests as well as existing qualitative studies, we show that an unequal local power structure and weak state-capacity in implementing the decentralisation programme resulted in local elites appropriating its benefits. This increased Adivasis grievances and consequently insurgency.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1379-1397
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1475650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1475650
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1379-1397




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Menghan Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Menghan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Title: The Intergenerational Effects of Political Influence: Evidence from China
Abstract: 
 This paper considers the effects of fathers’ political influence on their offspring’s labour market outcomes in China. Political influence refers to the ability to convert political power into economic benefits. This study identifies the dissolution of political influence by exploiting an age-based mandatory retirement rule in urban China. It exploits the variation of political influence in three dimensions: bureaucrat status, retirement status, and offspring gender. A difference-in-differences approach shows that the retirement of a bureaucrat translates into a 13 per cent decrease in offspring’s income. A triple-differences approach suggests retirement of a bureaucrat father translates into a 27 per cent decrease in earnings among sons. Retirement of a bureaucrat father is associated with larger income losses for offspring working in the same industry sector as their father and in industries that have a high concentration of assets or that are controlled by the state. This paper adds evidence to the growing literature estimating the economic benefits of political connections.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1398-1417
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1464147
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464147
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1398-1417




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Dom
Author-X-Name-First: Roel
Author-X-Name-Last: Dom
Title: Semi-Autonomous Revenue Authorities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Silver Bullet or White Elephant
Abstract: 
 A major component of tax administration reform in sub-Saharan Africa for the last 30 years has been the creation of semi-autonomous revenue authorities (SARAs). The effects of their creation on revenue performance have been much debated, although there are only a few quantitative studies. The core argument of this paper is that existing research suggesting diverse and contradictory outcomes has not taken account of trends in revenue performance in the years before the establishment of SARAs. Allowing for this revenue history our analysis, based on 46 countries over the period 1980–2015, provides no robust evidence that SARAs induce an increase in revenue performance. This does not imply that SARAs may not provide benefits for tax collection, but they do not demonstrably increase (or decrease) revenue collected.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1418-1435
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1469743
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1469743
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1418-1435




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grant Burrier
Author-X-Name-First: Grant
Author-X-Name-Last: Burrier
Title: Politics or Technical Criteria? The Determinants of Infrastructure Investments in Brazil
Abstract: 
 To what extent do public infrastructure projects respond to political pressures or developmental imperatives? Do these projects reflect a technical strategy aimed at upgrading economic productivity or the political distribution of public goods that rewards certain voters or political actors? This paper analyses the Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC), an $817 billion-dollar Brazilian infrastructure programme with a multi-method research design pairing in-country interviews and analysis of an original, municipal-level dataset. I conclude that my case study reflects a mixture of political and technical factors, which mirrors the competing influence of technocratic bureaucrats and politically-driven politicians during the project selection process. Despite explicitly targeting larger municipalities with infrastructure deficiencies, the programme still rewarded core-voting districts supporting the winning PT (Workers Party/Partido dos Trabalhadores) presidential candidates. A secondary result finds older municipalities with greater bureaucratic capacity were better positioned to successfully submit projects for federal funding.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1436-1454
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1438596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1438596
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1436-1454




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julia Bredtmann
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Bredtmann
Author-Name: Fernanda Martínez Flores
Author-X-Name-First: Fernanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez Flores
Author-Name: Sebastian Otten
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Otten
Title: Remittances and the Brain Drain: Evidence from Microdata for Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Based on unique microdata from five Sub-Saharan African countries that contain comprehensive information on both migrants and their households at the origin country, we investigate the effect of migrants’ education on their remittance behaviour. Our results reveal that migrants’ education has no impact on the likelihood of sending remittances, but a positive effect on the amount of money sent, conditional on remitting. The latter effect holds for internal migrants and migrants in non-OECD countries, while it vanishes for migrants in OECD destination countries once characteristics of the origin household are controlled for.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1455-1476
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1443208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1443208
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1455-1476




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen O. Abrokwah
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrokwah
Author-Name: Kevin Callison
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Callison
Author-Name: Donald J. Meyer
Author-X-Name-First: Donald J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer
Title: Social Health Insurance and the Use of Formal and Informal Care in Developing Countries: Evidence from Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the relationship between the use of formal and informal health care in a developing country setting by examining the introduction of a social health insurance scheme in Ghana. We estimate the effects of gaining coverage on changes in care seeking behaviour and show how these effects differ by age and wealth status. District-level differences in the implementation of the insurance scheme provide exogenous variation in access to insurance and allow us to address issues with selection into coverage. Results indicate that insurance access strongly increased use of formal care and reduced out-of-pocket expenditures on health services.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1477-1491
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414192
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414192
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1477-1491




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Boadi Frempong
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond Boadi
Author-X-Name-Last: Frempong
Author-Name: David Stadelmann
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Stadelmann
Title: The Effect of Food Price Changes on Child Labour: Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 Most people in developing countries spend up to 60 per cent of their income on food, even though the majority of them are farmers. Hence, a change in food prices affects both their revenue as well as expenditure, and it may thereby affect their labour market decisions. Using the Uganda National Panel Survey and monthly regional food prices, this paper examines the effect of changes in food prices on child labour. The empirical evidence shows that an increase in food prices is linked to an increase in the probability and the intensity of child labour. We find the effect of food price increases to be smaller among landowning households, which is consistent with the view that landowning households can better compensate for price shocks. The empirical results suggest that periodic shocks in food prices may have longer lasting effects on economic development in developing countries through the channel of child labour.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1492-1507
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1448066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1448066
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1492-1507




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solomon Zena Walelign
Author-X-Name-First: Solomon Zena
Author-X-Name-Last: Walelign
Author-Name: Martin Reinhardt Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Reinhardt
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: Helle Overgaard Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Helle Overgaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Title: Environmental Income as a Pathway Out of Poverty? Empirical Evidence on Asset Accumulation in Nepal
Abstract: 
 Using unique, environmentally augmented household panel data reflecting households’ annual cash and subsistence income portfolios, we model change over time in the value of four assets – livestock, implements, savings, and jewellery. A seemingly unrelated regression model reveals that although environmental resources on average contribute 16 per cent of the total household income, the contribution to asset accumulation is limited. Hence, environmental income does not constitute a pathway out of poverty in Nepal under the current set of regulations and tenure regimes. Asset accumulation was instead associated (both negatively and positively) with agricultural income (particularly as subsistence income), wage and business income. Most environmental income was obtained as subsistence income indicating that the environmental resources that households have access to present little opportunity for cash generation. Securing access of the poor to environmental resources may increase its role in poverty alleviation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1508-1526
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1408796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408796
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hai-Anh H. Dang
Author-X-Name-First: Hai-Anh H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dang
Author-Name: Andrew L. Dabalen
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabalen
Title: Is Poverty in Africa Mostly Chronic or Transient? Evidence from Synthetic Panel Data
Abstract: 
 Absent actual panel household survey data, we construct for the first time synthetic panel data for more than 20 countries accounting for two-thirds of the population in sub-Saharan Africa. We employ in this process repeated cross sections that span, on average, a six-year period for each country. Our analysis suggests that all these countries as a whole have had pro-poor growth. In particular, one third of the poor population escaped poverty during the studied period, which is larger than the proportion of the population that fell into poverty in the same period. The region also saw a 28 per cent increase in the size of the middle class. Chronic poverty, however, remains high and a considerable proportion of the population is vulnerable to falling into poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1527-1547
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1417585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1417585
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1527-1547




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tigabu Degu Getahun
Author-X-Name-First: Tigabu Degu
Author-X-Name-Last: Getahun
Author-Name: Espen Villanger
Author-X-Name-First: Espen
Author-X-Name-Last: Villanger
Title: Active Private Sector Development Policies Revisited: Impacts of the Ethiopian Industrial Cluster Policy
Abstract: 
 We analyse impacts of a cluster policy aiming to increase firm growth through maximising agglomeration benefits and improving production facilities. Firms located in a natural cluster were incentivised to move to a new government-created cluster. A limited number of firms were allowed to move, and many similar firms, also eager to move but could not, formed our comparison group. Controlling for selection, and employing difference in-difference estimation, we find large negative effects on job-creation and firm performance. The policy hampered the firms’ business and knowledge networks, reduced trust among firms, increased transaction costs and curbed market information.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1548-1564
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1443211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1443211
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:55:y:2019:i:7:p:1548-1564




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: What Explains the Job Creating Potential of Industrialisation in the Developing World?
Abstract: 
 This paper examines why job creation in the manufacturing sector has differed widely across developing countries, using a modified Lewis model that captures the scale, composition and labour intensity effects of industrialisation on job creation. We show that while the scale effect has been mostly positive, labour intensity and composition effects have been mostly negative. Trade integration has a positive impact on manufacturing employment via the scale and composition effects, but a negative impact via the labour intensity effect. Human capital has a positive effect via the labour intensity effect. Labour regulations have no impact through any of the effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1565-1583
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1404033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404033
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vittorio Daniele
Author-X-Name-First: Vittorio
Author-X-Name-Last: Daniele
Author-Name: Antonio Di Ruggiero
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Ruggiero
Title: The Roots of Global Inequality: The Role of Biogeography and Genetic Diversity
Abstract: 
 This paper adds further evidence supporting Jared Diamond’s hypothesis that global technological differences in the pre-modern era were fundamentally due to bio-geographic factors: the time elapsed since the onset of agriculture and husbandry, the size of the population relative to the territories, the shape of continents. An alternative hypothesis, that genetic diversity within populations is the ultimate cause of global inequalities, is also examined. Results show how there is no robust evidence supporting a possible effect of genetic diversity on international differences in population density and technology in the pre-modern era.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1584-1602
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1414193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1414193
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chang Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Chang
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Guangrong Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Guangrong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Title: Are Place-Based Policies Always a Blessing? Evidence from China’s National Poor County Programme
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we evaluate the effects of a large-scale and continuing place-based policy in China. In 1994, the Chinese central government designated 592 counties as National Poor Counties (NPC), which have been receiving preferential treatment in several aspects. Our identification strategy exploits a discontinuous criterion for determining a county’s eligibility of the programme. We find that the NPC programme failed to foster local economic growth. Further investigation suggests that local capture is partly responsible for this failure. Our findings yield important policy implications that, in countries with limited local accountability, place-based policies characterised by decentralised implementation are not always a blessing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1603-1615
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1438598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1438598
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quanda Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Quanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Alberto Posso
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Posso
Title: Thinking Inside the Box: A Closer Look at Financial Inclusion and Household Income
Abstract: 
 Using national representative household finance survey data covering more than 6200 Chinese households, we first construct a new multidimensional indicator for financial inclusion. Then we examine the effect of financial inclusion on household income. Our results elicit several findings. First, financial inclusion has a strong positive effect on household income. This effect can be found across all households with different levels of income. Second, low-income households are found to benefit more from financial inclusion than high and mid-level income ones. We argue that, in this sense, financial inclusion helps reduce income inequality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1616-1631
Issue: 7
Volume: 55
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1380798
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380798
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vathana Roth
Author-X-Name-First: Vathana
Author-X-Name-Last: Roth
Author-Name: Luca Tiberti
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiberti
Title: Economic Effects of Migration on the Left-Behind in Cambodia
Abstract: 
 Using propensity score matching, this study examines the effects of migration on various indicators of household wellbeing in Cambodia. The results indicate that migration would reduce poverty headcount rate by 3–7 percentage points and decrease the depth of poverty. Migration is also found to reduce by 5–10 per cent the hours worked by members left-behind. The impact of migration on labour participation may be, however, vulnerable to unobservable factors. Nevertheless, the study suggests that important heterogeneous effects which differ from the average impact exist. The analysis is conducted separately by internal and international migration.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1787-1805
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1214718
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1214718
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabelle Chort
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Chort
Title: Migrant Network and Immigrants’ Occupational Mismatch
Abstract: 
 This article defines new measures of horizontal and vertical occupational mismatch based on the difference between the skill content of occupations in which individuals have a self-assessed productive advantage, and that of their actual job. It then investigates the impact of network use to find a job on occupational mismatch in the case of immigrants, using original survey data collected among Senegalese immigrants in four host countries. Estimation results show that migrants who obtained their job through the migrant network have a lower probability of negative vertical mismatch. By contrast, network use is not found to significantly affect horizontal mismatch.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1806-1821
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1219344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1219344
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Bertoli
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertoli
Author-Name: Jesús Fernández-Huertas Moraga
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Huertas Moraga
Author-Name: Sekou Keita
Author-X-Name-First: Sekou
Author-X-Name-Last: Keita
Title: The Elasticity of the Migrant Labour Supply: Evidence from Temporary Filipino Migrants
Abstract: 
 The effect of immigration on host and origin countries is mediated by the way migrants take their labour supply decisions. We propose a simple way of integrating the traditional random utility maximisation model used to analyse location decisions with a classical labour demand function at destination. Our setup allows us to estimate a general upper bound on the elasticity of the migrant labour supply that we take to the data using the evolution of the numbers and wages of temporary overseas Filipino workers between 1992 and 2009 to different destinations. We find that the migrant labour supply elasticity can be very large. Temporary migrants are very reactive to economic conditions in their potential destinations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1822-1834
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1219347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1219347
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Vargas-Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Vargas-Silva
Title: Remittances Sent To and From the Forcibly Displaced
Abstract: 
 This paper reviews the literature on remittances in the context of forced displacement. The evidence suggests that remittances are often affected, and affected more strongly, by factors in the displacement context that are different from factors in other contexts, such as ‘economic’ migration. These factors include the possibility of continuing or new conflicts in the region of origin, the possibility of sudden mass repatriations, the relationship of diaspora groups with the authorities of the country of origin and opposition groups, the higher risk of sudden closure of remittances channels, and the complex movement trajectories of the displaced, among others.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1835-1848
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1234040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1234040
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Davis
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Author-Name: Samuel Sellers
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Sellers
Author-Name: Clark Gray
Author-X-Name-First: Clark
Author-X-Name-Last: Gray
Author-Name: Richard Bilsborrow
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilsborrow
Title: Indigenous Migration Dynamics in the Ecuadorian Amazon: A Longitudinal and Hierarchical Analysis
Abstract: 
 Amazonian indigenous populations are approaching a critical stage in their history in which increasing education and market integration, rapid population growth and degradation of natural resources threaten the survival of their traditions and livelihoods. A topic that has hardly been touched upon in this context is migration and population mobility. We address this by analysing a unique longitudinal dataset from the Ecuadorian Amazon on the spatial mobility of five indigenous groups and mestizo co-residents. Analyses reveal traditional and new forms of population mobility and migrant selectivity, including gendered forms of marriage migration and rural-urban moves driven by education. These results illustrate a dynamic present and an uncertain future for indigenous populations in which rural, natural-resource-based lifeways may well be sustained but with increasing links to urban areas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1849-1864
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1262028
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1262028
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaobing Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Renfu Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Renfu
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Linxiu Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Linxiu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle
Title: The Education Gap of China’s Migrant Children and Rural Counterparts
Abstract: 
 Rural residents in China today face at least two key decisions: a) where to live and work; and b) where to send their children to school. In this paper we study the second decision: should a rural parent send their child to a public rural school or have him or her attend a private migrant school in the city. While there is an existing literature on the impact of this decision on student academic performance, one of the main shortcomings of current studies is that the data that are used to analyse this issue are not fully comparable. To fill the gap, we collected data on the educational performance of both migrant students who were born in and come from specific source communities (prefecture) in rural China and students who are in rural public schools in the same source communities. Specifically, the dataset facilitates our effort to measure and identity the academic gap between the students in private migrant schools in Shanghai and Suzhou and those in the public rural schools in Anhui. We also seek to identify different sources of the gap, including selection effects and observable school quality effects. According to the results of the analysis, there is a large gap. Students in public rural schools outperform students in private migrant schools by more than one standard deviation (SD). We found that selection effects only account for a small part of this gap. Both school facility effects and teacher effects explain the achievement gap of the students from the two types of schools, although these effects occur in opposite directions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1865-1881
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1274395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1274395
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lutfunnahar Begum
Author-X-Name-First: Lutfunnahar
Author-X-Name-Last: Begum
Author-Name: Asad Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Asad
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: Russell Smyth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth
Title: Girl Power: Stipend Programs and the Education of Younger Siblings
Abstract: 
 We examine the effects of the schooling of girls on the education of their younger siblings. To examine the causal effect of the education of older children on their younger siblings, we use the introduction of a gender-targeted conditional cash transfer program – the Female Secondary School Stipend Program (FSSSP) in Bangladesh. We find that an additional year of schooling of older siblings increases schooling of their younger siblings by 0.13 years. The stipend program accounts for about a 10 per cent increase in the schooling of younger siblings. The results suggest that stipend programs can bring both short- and long-term gains, not only via direct benefits to affected children, but also via indirect benefits to their siblings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1882-1898
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1277020
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1277020
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shyama V. Ramani
Author-X-Name-First: Shyama V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramani
Author-Name: Timothée Frühauf
Author-X-Name-First: Timothée
Author-X-Name-Last: Frühauf
Author-Name: Arijita Dutta
Author-X-Name-First: Arijita
Author-X-Name-Last: Dutta
Title: On Diarrhoea in Adolescents and School Toilets:Insights from an Indian Village School Study
Abstract: 
 The economics literature on the determinants of diarrhoea focuses on infants; but what about school going adolescents? Our survey in an Indian village school affirms that sanitation, defecation practices at home and school, and the degree of crowding of living space at home are all significant determinants of diarrhoeal incidence for adolescents. Usage of toilets at school varies as a function of gender and existence of a toilet in student’s home. Access to toilets is not sufficient to guarantee their usage. To eliminate open defecation: toilets installation, behavioural change, and sustainable mechanisms to maintain school toilets seem necessary.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1899-1914
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1277017
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1277017
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathleen O’Reilly
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Reilly
Author-Name: Richa Dhanju
Author-X-Name-First: Richa
Author-X-Name-Last: Dhanju
Author-Name: Elizabeth Louis
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Louis
Title: Subjected to Sanitation: Caste Relations and Sanitation Adoption in Rural Tamil Nadu
Abstract: 
 If solving the global sanitation crisis lies within Indian borders, then it is important to understand the influence of caste relations on sanitation building and usage. Our ethnography investigated three villages in rural Tamil Nadu where seven separate sanitation interventions had failed. The analysis indicates caste relations played a key role in the failed interventions by creating and reinforcing the means by which caste groups distinguished themselves from each other at the village scale. Issues of cleaning, access to subsidies, latrine design, and purity served to facilitate and limit the processes that enable the everyday, unequal relationships of caste.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1915-1928
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1241385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1241385
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leif Atle Beisland
Author-X-Name-First: Leif Atle
Author-X-Name-Last: Beisland
Author-Name: Roy Mersland
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Mersland
Title: Exploring Microfinance Clients with Disabilities: A Case Study of an Ecuadorian Microbank
Abstract: 
 Using a unique sample from an Ecuadorian microfinance institution that has focused on increasing its outreach to disabled clients, we present a comparative analysis of the characteristics of disabled versus non-disabled clients. The study shows that disabled clients are more often male, are less likely to be living with a partner, have fewer children, and are older compared to their non-disabled counterparts. Moreover, we observe differences in repayment statistics between clients with and without disabilities, as well as differences within the disability sample. Our findings illustrate the importance of adapting microloans to the special needs of persons with disabilities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1929-1943
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1265946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1265946
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hiroshi Nakamura
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura
Author-Name: Rinchindorj Dorjjadamba
Author-X-Name-First: Rinchindorj
Author-X-Name-Last: Dorjjadamba
Author-Name: Delgerjargal Sodnomdarjaa
Author-X-Name-First: Delgerjargal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sodnomdarjaa
Title: The Impact of a Disaster on Asset Dynamics in the Gobi Region of Mongolia: An Analysis of Livestock Changes
Abstract: 
 Measuring wealth levels dynamically through productive assets, the ‘asset-based approach’, allows persistent or dynamic differentiation of the transitions in household living standards and predictions concerning the people who may continue to experience low standards of living in the future. Studies using the asset-based approach have been conducted mainly in Africa. For a comparison, we conducted a similar study of herders in Mongolia. There were differences in our results compared to the studies on Africa. First, some herders transitioned chronically. Second, the recovery rate was different among herder types. Third, a hierarchical reversal among different herder types occurred after the disaster.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1944-1961
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2016.1274396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2016.1274396
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Ebola: How a People’s Science Helped End an Epidemic
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1962-1963
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1345406
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1345406
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Danielle Kushner
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Kushner
Title: Allies or Adversaries: NGOs and the State in Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1963-1964
Issue: 11
Volume: 53
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1361136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1361136
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial board
Journal: 
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422417
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:ebi-ebi




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Mearns
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mearns
Title: Community, collective action and common grazing: The case of post‐socialist Mongolia
Abstract: 
 This article applies collective‐action and transaction‐cost theory to the theoretical debate around the management of common property regimes (CPRs), with supporting evidence from recent empirical research in Mongolian pastoralism. Rather than treating CPR management as an activity in isolation, as much of the existing literature tends to do, this study examines the use of common grazing in the context of other aspects of pastoral livelihoods. The more a given group of herders find reason to co‐operate with each other across a range of activities, it is argued, the more likely it is that they will also overcome the transaction costs involved in controlling the use of the commons. The empirical analysis finds that incentives for cooperation were weakened under agricultural collectivisation (1950s‐1980s), with possible adverse consequences for the commons. Decollectivisation from the early 1990s has seen the re‐emergence of autonomous co‐operation among herders, accompanied by changes in intra‐community dynamics, which together suggest contradictory trends for the future management of common grazing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 297-339
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:297-339




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H.H. Aswicahyono
Author-X-Name-First: H.H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Aswicahyono
Author-Name: Kelly Bird
Author-X-Name-First: Kelly
Author-X-Name-Last: Bird
Author-Name: Hal Hill
Author-X-Name-First: Hal
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill
Title: What happens to industrial structure when countries liberalise? Indonesia since the mid‐1980s
Abstract: 
 In the large literature on the consequences of economic liberalisation, few studies have examined the impact on industrial structure. Indonesia provides a suitable case study: its policy reforms from the mid‐1980s were decisive, and its industrial data base is relatively sophisticated. This article briefly develops a framework with which such issues may be examined, and then assesses the impact of policy reforms on seller concentration, ownership, size distribution, spatial composition, and total factor productivity growth over the pre‐ and post‐reform periods. The main conclusion is that, unlike the liberalisation‐efficiency nexus, the effects of the policy changes on industrial structure appear to be limited. Our conclusions are necessarily tentative, given the short period of time under examination, and given the difficulties — both empirical and theoretical ‐ of establishing the direction of causality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 340-363
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:340-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandwip Das
Author-X-Name-First: Sandwip
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Author-Name: Alokesh Barua
Author-X-Name-First: Alokesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Barua
Title: Regional inequalities, economic growth and liberalisation: A study of the Indian economy
Abstract: 
 In this article we examine the pattern of regional inequalities in India during 1970–92. Trend analysis shows that inter‐state inequality is rising in India in almost every sphere of economic activity, particularly in the unorganised industry.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 364-390
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:364-390




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roland Clarke
Author-X-Name-First: Roland
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke
Title: Equilibrium interest rates and financial liberalisation in developing countries
Abstract: 
 It is a central argument of the financial repression literature that interest rates should be determined by the market to reflect the true cost of capital. This article suggests that the notion of an ‘equilibrium interest rate’ may be undefined since the rate required to balance financial markets differs from that required to equilibrate savings and investment. Thus liberalisation introduces an intrinsic instability into the financial system as a result of portfolio adjustment. The article examines the Chilean and Korean experiences and concludes that a sustainable reform requires positive but low real interest rates and broad regulation of the financial system to ensure macroeconomic stability.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 391-413
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422421
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422421
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:391-413




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F.C. Perkins
Author-X-Name-First: F.C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins
Title: Productivity performance and priorities for the reform of China's state‐owned enterprises
Abstract: 
 This study reports on the results of a survey of 300 state‐owned, collective and foreign‐funded industrial enterprises conducted in three of China's coastal provinces; Guangdong, Fujian and Shanghai‐shi in 1993.’ Its major focus and policy relevance is to identify which of China's recent enterprise, market and ownership reforms have been most effective in improving the productivity performance of China's state owned enterprises. The study concludes that productivity growth (measured by total factor productivity) has been significantly higher for non‐state‐owned than for state‐owned enterprises and for firms located in the special economic zones of Shenzhen and Xiamen and the open city of Guangzhou than for firms in the more centrally planned Shanghai. Export‐orientated enterprises also had higher total factor productivity growth than non‐export‐orientated ones. At a lower level of significance, enterprises that controlled their own decision‐making produced a lower proportion of output for the plan, procured a higher proportion of their investment finance from loans (rather than budgetary allocations) and achieved higher total factor productivity growth. Finally, labour‐intensive industries in general had higher total factor productivity growth than did capital‐intensive ones. A number of policy conclusions may be drawn from these results.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 414-444
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422422
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422422
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:414-444




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yih‐Chyi Chuang
Author-X-Name-First: Yih‐Chyi
Author-X-Name-Last: Chuang
Title: Identifying the sources of growth in Taiwan's manufacturing industry
Abstract: 
 Using aggregate and two‐digit manufacturing industry data from Taiwan this article reconfirms the existence of strong external economies among industries, and shows that these external economies can be largely attributed to the economy‐wide trade‐induced learning generated from opening trade with developed countries. The trade‐induced learning accounts for about half to three‐quarters of the measured external effects in Taiwan's two‐digit industries. We also find that imports and exports of machinery from and to developed countries (mainly the USA and Japan) bear the greatest trade‐induced learning for Taiwan's manufacturing industries. As trade has both factor accumulation and productive efficiency effects and both effects are likely mutually reinforced, we find that over 40 per cent of output growth of Taiwan's manufacturing during 1975–90 is due to trade‐induced learning which is not explained by the total factor inputs, denoting changes in technology or total factor productivity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 445-463
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 1996
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220389608422423
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220389608422423
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:32:y:1996:i:3:p:445-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Hearson
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hearson
Title: The Challenges for Developing Countries in International Tax Justice
Abstract: 
 Developing countries face three main challenges in international tax cooperation. The most widely known are the twin problems of tax avoidance by foreign investors and tax evasion by domestic actors, which have become a major focus of debate in international organisations and of civil society activism in recent years. The second problem, tax competition, incorporates a range of issues from the ‘prisoners’ dilemma’ facing countries competing for inward direct investment through to the harmful tax rules used by tax havens that enable tax avoidance and evasion. This article reviews four recent monographs that analyse these problems at an international level. While they contain much useful discussion of the problems and potential technical solutions, there remains a need for political economy research to understand why certain technical solutions have not been adopted by governments. A third challenge faced by developing countries, barely considered in the tax and development literature up to now, leads to a note of caution: international tax institutions tend to be designed in ways that place disproportionate restrictions on capital-importing countries’ ability to tax foreign investors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1932-1938
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1309040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1309040
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1932-1938




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zekarias Shumeta
Author-X-Name-First: Zekarias
Author-X-Name-Last: Shumeta
Author-Name: Marijke D’Haese
Author-X-Name-First: Marijke
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Haese
Author-Name: Wim Verbeke
Author-X-Name-First: Wim
Author-X-Name-Last: Verbeke
Title: A Two-Step Econometric Estimation of Covariates of Side Selling: The Case of Coffee Cooperatives in Southwest Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 Despite their apparent economic benefit to smallholder farmers, cooperatives are vulnerable to the problem of side selling. Using cross-sectional household data and Cragg’s regression model, we identified the determinants of side selling by coffee cooperative farmers in southwest Ethiopia. The bootstrapping technique was applied to extract average partial effects from the model coefficients. Certified, elder and educated farmers who have off-farm income and trust in the cooperative leadership have been found to side-sell significantly less. Nonetheless, cooperative group size and late payment favoured more side selling. Based on these findings, possible interventions are highlighted for improving cooperative members’ commitment and the performance of coffee cooperatives in the region.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1775-1791
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1324146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1324146
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1775-1791




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mequanint B. Melesse
Author-X-Name-First: Mequanint B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Melesse
Author-Name: Adane Dabissa
Author-X-Name-First: Adane
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabissa
Author-Name: Erwin Bulte
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulte
Title: Joint Land Certification Programmes and Women’s Empowerment: Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper connects two important development policy issues: women’s empowerment and land certification. We use propensity score matching to study the impact of the Ethiopian joint land registration and certification programme on women’s empowerment. Data are collected using surveys and a field experiment, enabling construction of complementary indices for empowerment. Our main result is that joint land certification has significant effects on women’s empowerment, particularly on dimensions that indicate female participation and roles outside the home. This result is robust to various sensitivity checks and alternative model specifications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1756-1774
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327662
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1327662
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1756-1774




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Teopista Akoyi
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Teopista
Author-X-Name-Last: Akoyi
Author-Name: Miet Maertens
Author-X-Name-First: Miet
Author-X-Name-Last: Maertens
Title: Walk the Talk: Private Sustainability Standards in the Ugandan Coffee Sector
Abstract: 
 We investigate the welfare and productivity implications of private sustainability standards in the coffee sector in Uganda. We use cross-sectional household survey data and an instrumental variable method with instruments that pass weak identification and over-identification restrictions. We find that triple Utz-Rainforest Alliance-4C certification increases income, and land and labour productivity, and reduces poverty. Double Fairtrade-Organic certification is found to be associated with higher producer prices but results in lower land and labour productivity, and thereby fails to increase producer income and contribute to poverty reduction. We conclude that private sustainability standards do not always live up the expectations they create towards consumers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1792-1818
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327663
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1327663
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shareen Joshi
Author-X-Name-First: Shareen
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi
Author-Name: Vijayendra Rao
Author-X-Name-First: Vijayendra
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao
Title: Who Should Be at the Top of Bottom-Up Development? A Case-Study of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission in Rajasthan, India
Abstract: 
 It is widely acknowledged that top-down support is essential for bottom-up participatory projects to be effectively implemented at scale. However, which level of government, national or sub-national, should be given the responsibility to implement such projects is an open question, with wide variations in practice. This paper analyses qualitative and quantitative data from a natural experiment of a large participatory project in the state of Rajasthan in India comparing central management and state-level management. We find that locally managed facilitators formed groups that were more likely to engage in collective action and be politically active, with higher savings and greater access to subsidised loans.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1858-1877
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1329526
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1329526
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daichi Shimamoto
Author-X-Name-First: Daichi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimamoto
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Author-Name: Ayako Wakano
Author-X-Name-First: Ayako
Author-X-Name-Last: Wakano
Title: The Effects of Risk Preferences on the Adoption of Post-Harvest Technology: Evidence from Rural Cambodia
Abstract: 
 We investigate how rice farmers’ risk preferences affect the adoption of post-harvest technology in Cambodia, focusing on moisture meters. We find that risk-averse farmers are more likely to adopt moisture meters, although the degree of farmers’ loss aversion or the extent to which they tended to overweight small probabilities do not affect the adoption. In the setting of our study, the effects of farmers’ risk preferences on agricultural technology adoption can be described by using expected utility theory. However, controlling for loss aversion and probability weighting improves the precision of examining the effects of farmers’ risk preferences on adoption.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1819-1837
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1329527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1329527
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1819-1837




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Poornima Varma
Author-X-Name-First: Poornima
Author-X-Name-Last: Varma
Title: Adoption of System of Rice Intensification under Information Constraints: An Analysis for India
Abstract: 
 This study examines the role of information constraints in the adoption of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in India by explicitly incorporating information in the adoption model. The results showed that effective information along with other factors such as membership in a farmer organisation, availability of labourers, irrigation facility and so forth were important in determining the SRI adoption. The results also revealed that the Government of India’s National Food Security Mission programme did not have significant impact in promoting greater dissemination and adoption of SRI.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1838-1857
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1336541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1336541
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1838-1857




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lina Maria Sanchez-Cespedes
Author-X-Name-First: Lina Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez-Cespedes
Title: Armed Conflict and Adolescents’ Early Transition to Childbearing
Abstract: 
 We estimate the effect of armed conflict on adolescents’ childbearing transition. Three types of models are estimated: models in origin, which determine the current effect of violence; context change models, which estimate the effect of decreased violence levels; and violence aftermath models, which indicate the groups that do not completely adapt to a peaceful context. Through multilevel logistic models, we find that the coefficient of violence depends on the municipality in where adolescents reside or resided. We conclude that violence promotes the transition to childbearing particularly among rural females. However, a reduction in violence levels reduces the probabilities of childbearing.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1719-1736
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1342816
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1342816
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1719-1736




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Leigh Anderson
Author-X-Name-First: C. Leigh
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson
Author-Name: Travis Reynolds
Author-X-Name-First: Travis
Author-X-Name-Last: Reynolds
Author-Name: Joshua D. Merfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Merfeld
Author-Name: Pierre Biscaye
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Biscaye
Title: Relating Seasonal Hunger and Prevention and Coping Strategies: A Panel Analysis of Malawian Farm Households
Abstract: 
 Relative to chronic hunger, seasonal hunger in rural and urban areas of Africa is poorly understood. This paper examines the extent and potential correlates of seasonal hunger in Malawi using panel data from 2011–2013. We find that both urban and rural households report seasonal hunger in the pre-harvest months. Certain strategies to smooth consumption, including crop storage and livestock ownership, are associated with fewer months of hunger. In addition, we find that Malawian households that experience seasonal hunger harvest their crops earlier than average – a short-term coping mechanism that can reduce the crop’s yield and nutritional value, possibly perpetuating hunger.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1737-1755
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1371296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1371296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1737-1755




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Papar Kananurak
Author-X-Name-First: Papar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kananurak
Author-Name: Aeggarchat Sirisankanan
Author-X-Name-First: Aeggarchat
Author-X-Name-Last: Sirisankanan
Title: As an Economy Becomes More Developed, Do People Become Less Altruistic?
Abstract: 
 Inter-household private transfers are one of the main informal insurance mechanisms that prevalently implemented in developing countries. Unfortunately, most of the literatures investigates the private transfer motives at static perspectives. Therefore, this paper took advantage to investigate the private transfers motives in Thailand over the past three decades in order to examine any changing patterns of transfer motives. The empirical results from econometric methods indicated that as the economy in Thailand continues to develop, altruism remains dominant for private inter-household motives in Thailand and persists over time, not only in rural but also urban areas of the country.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1878-1890
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1371297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1371297
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1878-1890




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masahiro Shoji
Author-X-Name-First: Masahiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Shoji
Title: Religious Fractionalisation and Crimes in Disaster-Affected Communities: Survey Evidence from Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 This study employs unique household data collected in cyclone-affected communities in Bangladesh to investigate whether religious fractionalisation is associated with crime victimisation after disasters. The identification strategy relies on two characteristics of the study area: 1) its religious composition is stable; and 2) its households’ pre-disaster socio-economic status is uncorrelated with religious fractionalisation and disaster damage after controlling for the observed characteristics. The findings suggest that households in disaster-affected and religiously fractionalised communities are more likely to be victims after a natural disaster than are households in non-fractionalised communities. This study also finds empirical support for the idea that the result is driven by the misallocation of disaster relief in fractionalised communities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1891-1911
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1393521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1393521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1891-1911




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierluigi Conzo
Author-X-Name-First: Pierluigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Conzo
Title: Natural Disasters and Social Preferences: The Effect of Tsunami-Memories on Cheating in Sri Lanka
Abstract: 
 This study analyses how past tsunami-memories affect cheating in Sri Lanka. Subjects are assigned to a treatment (control) group in which they watch a video about the calamity before (after) participating in a trust game. Cheating is elicited by asking trustors how much they need to receive not to feel cheated and trustees how much they need to return not to make the trustor feel cheated. Finally, participants report whether the video mostly reminded them about solidarity, looting or the calamity. Trustors show lower cheating standards and trustees more often satisfy the trustors’ cheating notion if they mostly recall solidarity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1912-1931
Issue: 10
Volume: 54
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1404035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404035
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:54:y:2018:i:10:p:1912-1931




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nahee Kang
Author-X-Name-First: Nahee
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Author-Name: Eva Paus
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Paus
Title: The Political Economy of the Middle Income Trap: The Challenges of Advancing Innovation Capabilities in Latin America, Asia and Beyond
Abstract: 
 Building on the middle-income trap literature where contexts of time and location matter, the articles in this special section adopt a ‘political economy of development’ approach to the problem of the middle-income trap. The papers employ different analytical approaches and have different entry points into unpacking the complex economic, social, and technical processes that advance productive capabilities. But they share a common set of assumptions undergirding a political economy approach and come to a common understanding that advances the middle-income trap discussion: (1) the development of domestic productive capabilities is critical for upgrading and developing broad-based innovation that may translate into higher productivity growth; (2) the interaction of international with domestic factors changes over time and may exacerbate domestic innovation challenges; and (3) the nature of the inter-workings between the government and actors in the private sector is crucial for understanding the advancement of innovation capabilities or lack thereof. All the papers point to the importance of a systemic and long-term approach to building productive capabilities and the need for strong state action to advance these capabilities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 651-656
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1595601
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1595601
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:4:p:651-656




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Paus
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Paus
Title: Innovation Strategies Matter: Latin America’s Middle-Income Trap Meets China and Globalisation
Abstract: 
 Productive transformation from commodity production to higher value added activities is at the heart of the transition from a middle-income to a high income economy. The key is the development of domestic innovation capabilities to move up the value chain on a broad enough basis to generate sustained productivity growth. Since WW II few countries have achieved this transition. Under the market-led strategies of the past 30–40 years, Latin American countries have become trapped at the middle-income level. Informed by a structural-evolutionary approach, I investigate the reasons for the poor productivity performance in the region. I analyse the ‘within’ and ‘across’ sector sources of productivity growth in nine Latin American countries over the period 1950–2011, compare it with China’s, and link the outcomes to public policy, both with respect to state-led and market-led strategies, and to specific policies aimed at advancing innovation. I argue that the current globalisation process, particularly the rise of China, have shifted the goal posts for middle-income countries and increased the urgency to develop domestic innovation capabilities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 657-679
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1595600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1595600
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:4:p:657-679




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Doner
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Doner
Author-Name: Ben Ross Schneider
Author-X-Name-First: Ben Ross
Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider
Title: Technical Education in the Middle Income Trap: Building Coalitions for Skill Formation
Abstract: 
 This article analyses variations in the provision (breadth and depth) of skill formation through technical and vocational education (TVE) in secondary education in middle-income countries. A growing consensus blames productivity stagnation for the middle-income trap and advocates more human capital to boost productivity. Building on the extensive political economy literature of skill formation in developed economies, the article emphasises the importance of a more demand-side analysis of skill formation. Fragmentation of social groups in middle-income countries discourages the sorts of coalitions that pushed strong public investment in TVE in earlier developers. Brief analyses of exceptional TVE expansion in Chile, Turkey, and Malaysia suggest the importance of a more top-down dynamic led by strong parties and stable governments that compensated for weaker coalitions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 680-697
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1595597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1595597
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:4:p:680-697




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gale Raj-Reichert
Author-X-Name-First: Gale
Author-X-Name-Last: Raj-Reichert
Title: Global Value Chains, Contract Manufacturers, and the Middle-Income Trap: The Electronics Industry in Malaysia
Abstract: 
 The electronics industry has been a cornerstone to the successful industrialisation process in Malaysia since the 1970s. However, since the 2000s the industry, which is deeply integrated in global value chains, has failed to upgrade. Its stagnation is indicative of the general economic situation in Malaysia which has contributed to its middle-income trap. This paper argues two key factors combined have led to the electronics industry’s inability to upgrade within the global value chain. First is Malaysia’s excessive reliance on foreign investment which has contributed to a prolonged dominance of foreign firms, particularly large transnational contract manufacturers, which have maintained low-value-added production in the country. Second is the influx of low-skilled and low-waged foreign workers, which has contributed to trapping the industry in labour-intensive lower rungs of the value chain.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 698-716
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1595599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1595599
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:4:p:698-716




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robyn Klingler-Vidra
Author-X-Name-First: Robyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Klingler-Vidra
Author-Name: Robert Wade
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Wade
Title: Science and Technology Policies and the Middle-Income Trap: Lessons from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 As Vietnam crossed the World Bank’s threshold from ‘low income’ to ‘lower middle-income’ in 2010 the government and aid donors started to speak about ‘the middle-income trap’ as a central problem; and to frame ‘science and technology (S&T) policy’ as a means of sustaining economic growth and thereby avoiding the trap. They identified China and its S&T policy as a model, and pointed to Intel’s $1 billion facility as evidence of a burgeoning technology hub. Yet in the years that followed, Vietnam’s S&T policy has limped along, with efforts simply to boost the number of Silicon Valley-styled start-ups rather than to pursue a ‘Made in China 2025’-like programme. This paper reveals two main reasons. First, the Ministry of Science and Technology is a weak ministry with little budget, unable to persuade other ministries to cooperate in more ambitious and capital-intensive strategies. Second, excitement around S&T policies was fuelled by an influx of high-tech Vietnamese returning home after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, lending support for building start-up ecosystems. These mechanisms are reinforced by Western aid agencies’ support for this narrow S&T policy conception. Findings are based on policy documents and interviews conducted with S&T policy-makers, aid donor staff, and start-up investors between 2012 and 2018.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 717-731
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1595598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1595598
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:4:p:717-731




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Didem Özkiziltan
Author-X-Name-First: Didem
Author-X-Name-Last: Özkiziltan
Title: Protection of Capitalism as a Regime of Rationality: A Historical Institutionalist Rereading of Modern Turkey’s Industrial Relations
Abstract: 
 Turkey’s current collective labour legislation places heavy restrictions on trade union, strike, and collective bargaining rights. Regarding which, conventional wisdom cites the country’s ongoing neoliberal transformation since the early 1980s. This article explains the post-1980 institutional transformation by placing the institutional history of Turkey’s industrial relations under the optic of historical institutionalism by laying special emphasis on the dominant interests steering industrial relations and the legal and practical causal mechanisms put at work in materialisation of these interests. It is concluded that curtailment of work-related collective rights and freedoms for the protection of capitalist development has displayed a remarkable historical continuity as a regime of rationality in Turkey. Such restriction created long-term institutional path-dependencies in the policies governing Turkey’s industrial relations, thereby exerting a significant impact on industrial relations policy and practices in the post-1980 period.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 732-747
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1590552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1590552
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jamie M. Sommer
Author-X-Name-First: Jamie M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sommer
Author-Name: Michael Restivo
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Restivo
Author-Name: John M. Shandra
Author-X-Name-First: John M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shandra
Title: The United States, Bilateral Debt-for-Nature Swaps, and Forest Loss: A Cross-National Analysis
Abstract: 
 We engage with the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of debt-for-nature swaps in promoting environmental protection. We present cross-national evidence that US bilateral debt-for-nature swaps are associated with less forest loss. Using a two-stage instrumental variable regression model to analyse a sample of 85 low- and middle-income countries from 2001 to 2014, we find that higher amounts of debt reduction and higher amounts of conservation funds generated as a result of such swaps are associated with lower rates of forest loss.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 748-764
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1563683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1563683
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo R. Corral
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Corral
Author-Name: Nancy McCarthy
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy
Title: Organisational Efficiency or Bureaucratic Quagmire: Do Quality-At-Entry Assessments Improve Project Performance?
Abstract: 
 Do quality-at-entry assessments enhance the delivery of development projects? In this paper we take advantage of approval and execution systems in place at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to examine whether projects that have higher quality-at-entry – captured through grading scores provided by a checklist – perform better in terms of project implementation performance indicators. Implementation indicators include measures based on actual versus planned schedule of activities and cost outlays, as well as per cent of loan disbursed. The analysis suggests higher scores on project logic and economic analyses at entry have had a positive impact on project performance. However, monitoring and impact assessment scores had limited impacts on performance. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the use of a checklist can be an effective framework for assessing quality-at-entry for IDB projects, though there is scope to improve the checklist for certain indicators.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 765-781
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1554210
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2018.1554210
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredrick Ajwang
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajwang
Title: Relational Contracts and Smallholder Farmers’ Entry, Stay and Exit, in Kenyan Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Export Value Chain
Abstract: 
 Buyer-driven governance systems and the related value chain entry and stay barriers are known to have led to smallholder farmers exiting the Kenyan fresh fruits and vegetables export value chain. This paper addresses two gaps in this literature. First, the paper addresses the question of how the fresh fruits and vegetable export smallholder farmers have managed to secure their stay in this value chain known for its high entry barriers. Second, the paper addresses the question of what happens to the smallholders known to have exited the value chain. To explore the two gaps, transaction costs theory was applied. The results show that smallholders entry and stay in the value chain was underpinned by relational contract enforcement mechanism of supply reliability. Second, smallholders were found to occasionally exit and re-enter the value chain, depending on the prevailing risks. In conclusion, the paper argues that contemporary African value chain scholarship should consider the analysis of relational contracts and their enforcement mechanism as well as the totality of smallholders’ farming, in order to understand the motives behind smallholder value chain entry and stay decisions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 782-797
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1618451
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1618451
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wenbo Zou
Author-X-Name-First: Wenbo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zou
Author-Name: Travis Lybbert
Author-X-Name-First: Travis
Author-X-Name-Last: Lybbert
Author-Name: Stephen Vosti
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Vosti
Author-Name: Souheila Abbeddou
Author-X-Name-First: Souheila
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbeddou
Title: Early Childhood Nutrition, Parental Growth Perceptions and Educational Aspirations in Rural Burkina Faso
Abstract: 
 Early childhood nutrition can have long-term impacts on human capital outcomes. Besides direct biological effects, parents’ perceptions of exogenous nutrition shocksimpacts and their adjustments in subsequent investments, can amplify these direct effects on long-run outcomes. Understanding and anticipating parental perceptions and responses can improve the design of policies aimed at improving child nutrition. Using a randomised trial providing nutrition supplementation to children from 9 to 18 months old in Burkina Faso, we investigate how parental growth perceptions and educational aspirations respond to this positive shock when these children grow to 3–5 years old. We find that the intervention significantly increases parents rating their child’s physical and cognitive development as ‘Very good’. We find no significant impact on educational aspirations on average, but the intervention increases the probability that parents report that they would allow a girl to pursue post-secondary education by 13.4 percentage points (22.2%); if the household belongs to the poorest quantile in the sample, then this probability increases by 16.3 percentage points (37.2%). These heterogeneous effects suggest that early childhood nutrition interventions may stimulate complementary investments in human capital by parents that could amplify the direct effects and further enable disadvantaged children to catch up.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 798-816
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1605056
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1605056
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ming He
Author-X-Name-First: Ming
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Barnabé Walheer
Author-X-Name-First: Barnabé
Author-X-Name-Last: Walheer
Title: Spillovers and Path Dependences in the Chinese Manufacturing Industry: A Firm-Level Analysis
Abstract: 
 In China, numerous policy interventions have been undertaken to promote exports of the manufacturing industry. In this paper, we study how the burgeoning export sector has affected the performance of the manufacturing industry. In particular, we focus our attention on two dimensions: efficiency and technological advancement, and the presence of spillovers and path dependences. The main feature of our empirical study is to distinguish between different types of firms according to their output orientation, ownership, and technology intensity. We also recognize that outputs for domestic use and exports may be produced using different technologies. Our results demonstrate the superiority of multi-output firms in both efficiency and technological advancement. Further, these firms generate strong outgoing spillovers to the industry. In contrast, export-only firms are found to be the most inefficient and technologically underdeveloped, while barely generating outgoing spillovers. In terms of efficiency and technological advancement, we also find that foreign- and privately-owned firms and high-tech firms are the best performers. Finally, we find evidence of strong path dependence and weak absorptive capacities for incoming spillovers in the manufacturing industry. We give targeted policy recommendations based on these findings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 817-839
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1605058
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1605058
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haiyang Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Haiyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Ivan T. Kandilov
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kandilov
Author-Name: Rong Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Rong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Title: The Impact of Internal Migration on the Health of Rural Migrants: Evidence from Longitudinal Data in China
Abstract: 
 Previous studies investigating the health consequences of migration often face difficulties choosing a proper comparison group and tackling the problems of potential endogeneity and self-selection bias. Using propensity score matching difference-in-differences and an instrumental variable approach, this paper examines the impact of internal migration on the health of rural migrants in China. We find robust evidence of a significant negative effect of internal migration on rural migrants’ health. We also find significant heterogeneity in the impact across different age groups. Younger migrants aged between 16 and 35 are most likely to experience health decline following migration. In addition, we find that the key mechanisms through which internal migration affects the health of rural migrants are the changes in emotional state and social trust.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 840-855
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1590553
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1590553
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurie A. Buonanno
Author-X-Name-First: Laurie A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Buonanno
Title: The Unsettling of Europe: How Migration Reshaped a Continent
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 856-857
Issue: 4
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1710377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1710377
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katharina Werner
Author-X-Name-First: Katharina
Author-X-Name-Last: Werner
Author-Name: Johann Graf Lambsdorff
Author-X-Name-First: Johann Graf
Author-X-Name-Last: Lambsdorff
Title: Emotional Numbing and Lessons Learned after a Violent Conflict – Experimental Evidence from Ambon, Indonesia
Abstract: 
 The consequences of violent conflict remain puzzling, with some studies suggesting discrimination, others discovering increased prosociality, and others finding evidence for reduced prosociality. We solve this puzzle with results from dictator, ultimatum, and trust games run with Muslim and Christian students in post-conflict Ambon, Indonesia. We find that discrimination is only moderate and that the reaction of prosociality is context-specific. Prosociality is low if we reveal the counterpart’s religious or ethnic identity and is high if it is not revealed. Our effects are particularly strong if subjects had been victimised during the conflict. We argue that revealing the identity inhibits the lessons learned from the conflict and brings about emotional numbing because revealed identities remind subjects of the conflict. Such religious and ethnic cues can thus make conflict salient. We infer that avoiding such cues is important for peace reconciliation as well as economic and social development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 859-873
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1590550
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1590550
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chan Hang Saing
Author-X-Name-First: Chan Hang
Author-X-Name-Last: Saing
Author-Name: Harounan Kazianga
Author-X-Name-First: Harounan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kazianga
Title: The Long-Term Impacts of Violent Conflicts on Human Capital: US Bombing and, Education, Earnings, Health, Fertility and Marriage in Cambodia
Abstract: 
 We combine household surveys and the intensity of bombing to investigate the long-term impact of US bombing during the 1969–1973 period on education, earnings, health, fertility and marriage in Cambodia. The novelty of this paper consists of the use of the quantity of bombs dropped in each geographic district, which allows the estimation of the effects of the intensity of bombing. Taking into account this intensive margin adds significant insights to using a binary exposure to bombing that has been reported in previous research. We find that one standard deviation increase in the intensity of bombing during 1969–1973 reduced years of schooling by about 0.11–0.23. The effects for men are larger than those for women. Fertility (total births) increased by 0.20 and age at first marriage for girls declined by 0.32 year. The reduction in years of education completed does not seem to have affected earnings, however. Similarly, we did not detect any significant effect on health.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 874-889
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1618449
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1618449
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Akter
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Akter
Author-Name: Namrata Chindarkar
Author-X-Name-First: Namrata
Author-X-Name-Last: Chindarkar
Title: An Empirical Examination of Sustainability of Women’s Empowerment Using Panel Data from India
Abstract: 
 ABSTRACT In this article, we empirically test the sustainability of women’s empowerment using representative and rich individual-level panel data from India for the years 2004−5 and 2011−12. Sustainability is defined in terms of durability (whether empowerment is carried forward or continues in the long run) and diffusion (whether empowerment has positive spillover effects). A domain-based framework is used to capture the multidimensional nature of empowerment. In terms of durability, we find that the majority of the women remained empowered over time. The baseline characteristics that determine empowerment durability are (1) individual capabilities such as age, education, and wage work, (2) asset endowment, and (3) opportunity structure such as access to water, electricity, and owning a toilet. Additionally, we find that a change in collective assets over time is positively and significantly correlated with empowerment durability. Finally, we observe that empowerment has a significant diffusion effect from empowered women to other women in the same household as well as to women who do not co-reside but share family ties. These findings imply that empowerment is dynamic and the social benefit of empowering women appears considerably higher than what has been previously estimated when its long-term effects are considered.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 890-906
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1605054
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Das Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Das Gupta
Author-Name: Rajib Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Rajib
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Author-Name: P. Kugananthan
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kugananthan
Author-Name: Vijayendra Rao
Author-X-Name-First: Vijayendra
Author-X-Name-Last: Rao
Author-Name: T. V. Somanathan
Author-X-Name-First: T. V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Somanathan
Author-Name: K. N. Tewari
Author-X-Name-First: K. N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tewari
Title: Flies without Borders: Lessons from Chennai on Improving India’s Municipal Public Health Services
Abstract: 
 India’s cities face key challenges to improving public health outcomes. First, unequally distributed public resources create insanitary conditions, especially in slums – threatening everyone’s health, as suggested by poor child growth even amongst the wealthiest. Second, devolving services to elected bodies works poorly for highly technical services like public health. Third, services are highly fragmented. This paper examines the differences in the organisation and management of municipal services in Chennai and Delhi, two cities with sharply contrasting health indicators. Chennai mitigates these challenges by retaining professional management of service delivery and actively serving vulnerable populations − while services in Delhi are quite constrained. Management and institutional issues have received inadequate attention in the public health literature on developing countries, and the policy lessons from Chennai have wide relevance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 907-928
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1605053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1605053
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Subha Mani
Author-X-Name-First: Subha
Author-X-Name-Last: Mani
Author-Name: Jere R. Behrman
Author-X-Name-First: Jere R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Behrman
Author-Name: Sheikh Galab
Author-X-Name-First: Sheikh
Author-X-Name-Last: Galab
Author-Name: Prudhvikar Reddy
Author-X-Name-First: Prudhvikar
Author-X-Name-Last: Reddy
Author-Name:  
Author-X-Name-First: 
Author-X-Name-Last: 
Title: Impact of the NREGS on Children’s Intellectual Human Capital
Abstract: 
 This paper uses panel data from the Young Lives Survey to examine the effect of the world’s largest public works program and India’s flagship social protection program, the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS), on children’s learning outcomes such as grade progression, reading comprehension test scores, writing test scores, math test scores, and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) scores. We find that the program has strong positive effects on these outcomes in both the short-and-medium run. Finally, the impact estimates reported here are robust to a number of econometric concerns such as – program placement, selective attrition, and type I error.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 929-945
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1605055
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1605055
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mateusz Filipski
Author-X-Name-First: Mateusz
Author-X-Name-Last: Filipski
Author-Name: Hak Lim Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Hak Lim
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Aung Hein
Author-X-Name-First: Aung
Author-X-Name-Last: Hein
Author-Name: Ulrike Nischan
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrike
Author-X-Name-Last: Nischan
Title: Emigration and Rising Wages in Myanmar: Evidence from Mon State
Abstract: 
 Whether and how immigration affects labour markets is a hotly-debated and widely-studied topic. By contrast, the converse question of how emigration impacts labour markets in the source economy has remained largely understudied. In particular, whether outflows of labourers lead to higher wages in their home countries has only been addressed in a handful of studies. This paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap using data from Myanmar. We collected primary household data from rural Mon State, a southern state neighbouring Thailand. Analysis shows that over a quarter of the labour force is currently migrating for work. Relying on variation in local wages at the village level, regression estimates reveal a significant relationship between migration and wages of unskilled agricultural workers. We use measures of past migration as instrumental variables to further show that this relationship is likely causal. Rapidly rising wages in Myanmar carry deep consequences for the development trajectory of the country.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 946-963
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1626834
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1626834
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fiona Carmichael
Author-X-Name-First: Fiona
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmichael
Author-Name: Christian K. Darko
Author-X-Name-First: Christian K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Darko
Author-Name: Nicholas Vasilakos
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasilakos
Title: Health and Well-being of Young People in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam: Life Course Impacts
Abstract: 
 Using data from four waves of the Young Lives longitudinal survey, we follow the lives of 3,064 eight-year-old children over 12 years in four developing countries (Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam) to explore the links between children’s lives and their health and wellbeing in early adulthood. We apply a novel combination of sequence analysis with clustering and difference-in-differences estimation techniques to identify links between health and wellbeing outcomes in early adulthood and six distinct clusters grouping similar life course pathways. The latter are characterised by family living conditions, economic status and experience of critical life events (including economic shocks). Our results indicate that there were significant differences in health and wellbeing between children in the most advantaged and less advantaged clusters. These wellbeing gaps all narrowed over time but only completely closed for one cluster. In contrast, only some of the initial health gaps narrowed. These results suggest that policy aimed at improving health and wellbeing outcomes in early adulthood needs to focus on supporting disadvantaged young children.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 964-983
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1626835
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1626835
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kris A. Francisco
Author-X-Name-First: Kris A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Francisco
Author-Name: Makoto Tanaka
Author-X-Name-First: Makoto
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanaka
Title: The Philippines’ Roll-on/Roll-off Policy and its Impact on Household Income
Abstract: 
 Our paper captures the immediate impact of the Roll-on/Roll-off policy that offered an alternative system of inter-island transfer within the Philippines. It provides evidence on the effect of the policy on the income of households, by exploiting the timing of the operations of the Ro-Ro ports included in the nautical highways. Using nationally-representative data, we compare the incomes of households that are located near the Ro-Ro ports against the income of households that are located near the non-Ro-Ro ports, before and after the policy implementation. Our results generally suggest that households located near the Ro-Ro ports benefitted from higher income after policy implementation. We distinguished between agricultural households and non-agricultural households, and find that the increase in income for agricultural households located near the Ro-Ro ports was driven by the improved net share from agricultural assets, and higher receipts from domestic sources; while the increase in income for nonagricultural households located near the Ro-Ro ports was driven by the higher net share of agricultural produce, higher receipts from abroad, and higher income from rental of properties. The Ro-Ro policy was favorable for households located near the Ro-Ro ports as it induced numerous income opportunities that resulted to income diversification.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 984-998
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1626833
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1626833
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gina Crivello
Author-X-Name-First: Gina
Author-X-Name-Last: Crivello
Author-Name: Virginia Morrow
Author-X-Name-First: Virginia
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrow
Title: Against the Odds: Why Some Children Fare Well in the Face of Adversity
Abstract: 
 This article asks why some children growing up in poverty seem to fare well, despite the odds being stacked against them early in life. The data come from Young Lives, a 15-year mixed methods study of childhood poverty tracing the trajectories of a cohort of boys and girls (n = 4,000) born in 1994 in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. We use survey data to identify children in the poorest households who, by age 22, were faring well. The article addresses three main questions: (a) What are the key determining moments in children’s lives? (b) What makes a difference for children during these turning points? And (c) what made a difference in the lives of those children who have fared well despite facing adversity? The findings demonstrate the crucial role of children’s social relationships and support networks, migration, institutional barriers, the importance of hope and ‘second chances’. However, a longitudinal approach illuminates the ongoing nature of human vulnerability and the fragility of young people’s life trajectories in contexts of poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 999-1016
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1626837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1626837
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reidar Staupe-Delgado
Author-X-Name-First: Reidar
Author-X-Name-Last: Staupe-Delgado
Title: Can Community Resettlement be Considered a Resilient Move? Insights from a Slow-Onset Disaster in the Colombian Andes
Abstract: 
 The degree to which communities can best withstand various forms of external stress, as well as what constitutes community resilience has been a matter of debate in discussions of development, resilience building, adaptation and transformation. Drawing on insights from a field expedition to the indigenous reserve of Aponte in the Colombian Andes, this paper engages with the concept of transformational- and community resilience and problematizes the concept focusing particularly on its tendency to assume that disasters are one-off, sudden events that allow for sustainable recovery in their aftermath. Aponte faces complete ruination by a slow-onset geological hazard which has prompted discussions of relocation among other solutions – raising questions of whether and how resilience can be understood in the context of perpetually worsening conditions of environmental change.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1017-1029
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1626836
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1626836
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:5:p:1017-1029




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Acosta
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta
Title: Intra-Household Labour Allocation, Migration, and Remittances in Rural El Salvador
Abstract: 
 Migration can affect labour participation decisions back home, either by stimulating work to replace foregone labour, or reducing it through the role of remittances. Using evidence from a rural panel for El Salvador with a comprehensive module on agricultural income shocks, this study finds that migration and remittances generate only minor labour reallocation effects within households. Contradicting previous evidence based on cross section data, no impact is registered for off-farm labour supply. However, remittances and migration tend to increase female participation and hours worked in agricultural activities, and reduce time dedicated to off-farm and domestic activities. No major effects are found on self-employment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1030-1047
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1626832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1626832
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Berber Kramer
Author-X-Name-First: Berber
Author-X-Name-Last: Kramer
Author-Name: David Kunst
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunst
Title: Intertemporal Choice and Income Regularity: Non-Fungibility in the Timing of Income among Kenyan Farmers
Abstract: 
 The optimal design of informal contracts in agricultural value chains depends on when farmers prefer to be paid for their output. While the evidence from time preference experiments suggests a preference for early payments, field studies often indicate that farmers will defer regular payments if given the opportunity. In this study, we explicitly test whether farmers are more patient regarding regular, earned income than regarding experimental windfall payments. We asked farmers in a dairy cooperative in Kenya to allocate both their milk income and a one-time gift between an early and a deferred payment date. We find that a large majority of participants deferred their milk payments, while rarely choosing to defer the gift. Participants’ survey responses suggest that we observe this difference because of mental accounting: participants earmarked their regular milk payments, but not the gift, to save for bulky expenditures. We conclude that deferred payments can provide value to producers by functioning as a savings device, even when decisions over windfall income suggest a preference for early payments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1048-1064
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1632436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1632436
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Per F. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Per F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Title: Taxing Africa: Coercion, Reform, and Development
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1065-1066
Issue: 5
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1732089
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1732089
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca J. Uberti
Author-X-Name-First: Luca J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Uberti
Author-Name: David Jackson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson
Title: Does Aid Promote Electoral Integrity?
Abstract: 
 Since the late 1990s, aid spending for elections has witnessed a dramatic increase. Yet, we lack a comprehensive evaluation of aid effectiveness in this particular programme area. Here, we investigate the impact of aid on electoral integrity using panel data on purpose-disaggregated aid disbursements and a multi-dimensional index of electoral quality from the Varieties of Democracy project. Based on 502 elections in 126 aid-receiving countries during 2002–2015, we estimate a statistically significant effect of election-support ODA on the integrity of elections. The estimated effect is, however, economically small and not very persistent. In the long run, a permanent increase in aid spending by one million US$ leads to an improvement in electoral quality of 1.4 per cent of a standard deviation on the integrity index. We also find that different dimensions of electoral integrity are variably responsive to donor interventions. Additionally, aid spending for elections is subject to diminishing marginal returns, and is less effective at higher levels of development. These findings underline the difficulty of promoting democratic change in countries with adverse structural conditions. Still, donors may improve the cost-effectiveness of electoral assistance programmes by targeting specific countries and prioritising certain types of intervention.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1067-1094
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1657572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1657572
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Genevieve LeBaron
Author-X-Name-First: Genevieve
Author-X-Name-Last: LeBaron
Author-Name: Ellie Gore
Author-X-Name-First: Ellie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gore
Title: Gender and Forced Labour: Understanding the Links in Global Cocoa Supply Chains
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the gendered patterns and dynamics of labour exploitation and forced labour in the cocoa supply chain. The empirical basis of our analysis is an original primary dataset produced through the Global Business of Forced Labour project, which includes data gathered in Ghana in 2016–2017, comprising 60 in-depth interviews and a survey of 497 cocoa workers across 74 cocoa communities from Ghana’s two largest cocoa-producing regions, the Western and Ashanti Regions. Drawing on this dataset, we show that prevailing business models within the Ghanaian cocoa industry rely on and reinforce labour exploitation and unequal gender power relations. Given that the links between forced labour and gender remain poorly understood, we analyse the factors that render women workers disproportionately vulnerable to severe labour exploitation, underscoring the role of unequal family relations, responsibility for reproductive labour, and social property relations in creating vulnerability to exploitation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1095-1117
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1657570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1657570
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eleonora Dávalos
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora
Author-X-Name-Last: Dávalos
Author-Name: Liliana M. Dávalos
Author-X-Name-First: Liliana M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dávalos
Title: Social Investment and Smallholder Coca Cultivation in Colombia
Abstract: 
 Colombia is the largest supplier of coca leaf in the world, and fields smaller than one-hectare account for more than 60 per cent of cultivation. Despite the obvious relevance of smallholding growers to the strategies to control illicit crops, there are few insights into what motivates these smallholders to cultivate coca. We analyse the motivations of coca growers by estimating a discrete choice model including head of household characteristics, household variables, and agricultural unit attributes. We found that extremely poor farmers are more likely to grow coca than non-poor farmers in the same area, while households connected to the energy grid, with access to credit, and receiving cash payments for their licit crops, are less likely to grow coca crops. Our results suggest that strategies aiming to discourage farmers from growing coca should: 1) target specifically the poorest households in the region and not just seek to improve general living conditions, 2) expand rural electrification, and 3) enhance legal productivity by providing access to credit, technical support, and/or contracts on harvests before planting.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1118-1140
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1650167
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1650167
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Dietz
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Dietz
Author-Name: Andrea Estrella Chong
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Estrella Chong
Author-Name: Janina Grabs
Author-X-Name-First: Janina
Author-X-Name-Last: Grabs
Author-Name: Bernard Kilian
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilian
Title: How Effective is Multiple Certification in Improving the Economic Conditions of Smallholder Farmers? Evidence from an Impact Evaluation in Colombia’s Coffee Belt
Abstract: 
 Voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) in the coffee sector have become a popular tool to improve the livelihoods of smallholder coffee farmers. As third-party and company-led VSS have proliferated, an increasing number of producer groups are turning toward multiple certification to diversify their export channels. Yet, each certification requires added efforts and expenses, both at the farm and the organisational level. Hence, it is important to evaluate the additionality of multiple certification in bringing benefits to smallholders’ farm economy. This study addresses this research gap using a sample of over 600 coffee farmers from two Fairtrade-certified cooperatives in Colombia’s coffee belt to assess the additional economic impact of Starbucks C.A.F.E. Practices, Nespresso AAA, 4C, and the combination of Rainforest Alliance/Nespresso AAA certification. In examining coffee gross profit and household income, we find limited gains from the addition of industry and company-led standards to the Fairtrade certification. Evaluating pathways to improved economic performance, gross profit improvements appear most likely if higher average prices are combined with lower production costs. Finally, we show that the majority of farmers are unable to break even, irrespective of their certification status. This alarming result illustrates the need for further intervention in the coffee value chain.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1141-1160
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1632433
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1632433
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mahreen Mahmud
Author-X-Name-First: Mahreen
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahmud
Title: Repaying Microcredit Loans: A Natural Experiment on Liability Structure
Abstract: 
 This paper utilises a natural experiment – the shift from individual to joint lending by a microfinance organisation in Pakistan – to show significant improvement in borrower discipline under joint liability loans. I find that a possible mechanism for this impact is the degree of pre-existing social connection between the group members. For the mechanism analysis, I use the exogenous variation in the number of months borrowers had till the expiry of their individual liability loans at the time of the announcement of the shift to joint leading as an instrument for the degree of social connection of the group.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1161-1176
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1632432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1632432
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:6:p:1161-1176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Stevano
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevano
Author-Name: Deborah Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Author-Name: Emmanuel Codjoe
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Codjoe
Title: The Urban Food Question in the Context of Inequality and Dietary Change: A Study of Schoolchildren in Accra
Abstract: 
 Diets are changing globally, as agricultural and food systems have become globalised. Understanding how patterns of globalisation affect welfare is a key development question, but we know little about the way that the globalisation of food systems impacts different groups. This study explores food security and consumption among schoolchildren in Accra. We use a novel approach based on triangulation of primary data on food consumption and a synthesis of secondary literature on food trade, policy and urban food environment. Thus, we bridge a divide between micro-level analyses of food consumption and macro-level studies of food systems. We find that socio-economic status is a critical dimension, with poorer children more vulnerable to food insecurity and narrow dietary diversity. However, the consumption of packaged and processed foods, often sugar-rich and nutrient-poor, cuts across wealth groups. We argue that the urban food question today is defined by two intersecting phenomena: inequality and dietary change. The urban poor continue to face the fundamental challenge of adequate food access amidst a food environment that provides consumers with unhealthy and cheap food options. Therefore, food policy needs to regulate imports of cheap, unhealthy and enticing food.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1177-1189
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1632434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1632434
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andaleeb Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Andaleeb
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Author-Name: Sumit Mishra
Author-X-Name-First: Sumit
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra
Title: Does Non-farm Income Affect Food Security? Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 Livelihood diversification through greater non-farm activities has been considered as an important mechanism to propel growth, lower rural poverty and augment farm income across developing countries. Little, however, is known about its implications for nutritional outcomes such as dietary diversity. Using a nationally representative panel survey of rural households in India, and night-time light intensity as an instrumental variable (IV) for non-farm income, we show that engaging in non-agricultural livelihood has a positive effect on overall food expenditure, especially on non-cereal items, enabling greater dietary diversity. These findings have crucial policy implications for nutrition transition in India where agricultural incomes have been stagnant during the last decade. Our findings further contribute to the existing knowledge of agriculture-nutrition pathways.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1190-1209
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1640871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1640871
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariola Acosta
Author-X-Name-First: Mariola
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta
Author-Name: Margit van Wessel
Author-X-Name-First: Margit
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wessel
Author-Name: Severine van Bommel
Author-X-Name-First: Severine
Author-X-Name-Last: van Bommel
Author-Name: Edidah L. Ampaire
Author-X-Name-First: Edidah L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ampaire
Author-Name: Jennifer Twyman
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Twyman
Author-Name: Laurence Jassogne
Author-X-Name-First: Laurence
Author-X-Name-Last: Jassogne
Author-Name: Peter H. Feindt
Author-X-Name-First: Peter H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Feindt
Title: What does it Mean to Make a ‘Joint’ Decision? Unpacking Intra-household Decision Making in Agriculture: Implications for Policy and Practice
Abstract: 
 Strategies to empower women in development contexts frequently address their authority to take decisions within their household, including decisions that are taken jointly by couples. Assessing empowerment in joint decision-making has traditionally followed a dichotomous approach: decisions are either joint or not, with the former associated with women’s empowerment. This paper contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the empowerment effects of joint decision-making, based on case study data from Uganda. We present survey data revealing significant gender differences in perception of decision-making over the adoption of agricultural practices and consumption expenses. Women reported joint decision-making more often than men, who presented themselves more as sole decision makers. We supplement the survey data with an in-depth study in Lodi village, where we reconstruct meanings attached to joint decision-making using focus group discussions, a decision-making game and participant observation. Reported joint decision-making included a range of practices from no conversation among partners to conversations where female spouse’s ideas are considered but the man has the final say. The findings suggest that local interpretations of joint decision-making, in at least this case of a dominantly patriarchal context, can limit its potential for assessing women’s empowerment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1210-1229
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1650169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1650169
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Granlund
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Granlund
Author-Name: Tessa Hochfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Tessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Hochfeld
Title: ‘That Child Support Grant Gives Me Powers’ – Exploring Social and Relational Aspects of Cash Transfers in South Africa in Times of Livelihood Change
Abstract: 
 This article builds on existing literature on the material effects of cash transfers. It explores people’s own perceptions of the role of unconditional cash transfers in building, maintaining, and transforming social relations in a small village in rural South Africa. Much of the literature studying the impacts of cash transfers in the global South relies on quantitative measures. Thus, there is a paucity of micro-level qualitative research on beneficiaries’ own perspectives on the social impacts of cash transfers. To this end, we explored whether the Child Support Grant, a small cash transfer given to impoverished caregivers of children, changed individual and intra-household relationships, as well as community solidarity in this village. We argue that South Africa’s cash transfers have largely had positive social transformative effects on individuals, in relation to a sense of dignity, autonomy and increased decision-making powers for primary caregivers, usually mothers or grandmothers. Positive effects were also perceived in relation to these households and communities, although some contested effects and limitations were also found. These findings are of interest in the ongoing broader debates around the effects of cash transfers globally as well as regionally in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1230-1244
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1650170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1650170
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Telleria
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Telleria
Title: The Creation of the Human Development Approach
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1245-1246
Issue: 6
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1750783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1750783
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:6:p:1245-1246




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Foster
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster
Author-Name: Shamel Azmeh
Author-X-Name-First: Shamel
Author-X-Name-Last: Azmeh
Title: Latecomer Economies and National Digital Policy: An Industrial Policy Perspective
Abstract: 
 The global economy is experiencing digital transformation with impacts felt in developing countries. Digital firms and capabilities, however, remain concentrated in advanced economies. These processes indicate an emerging source of global economic inequality and a widening of the technological gap. Recently, there has been a growth in interventionist digital policy in developing and emerging economies but research has so far made a limited analysis of how this might fulfil economic objectives and support technological catch-up. In this paper, we examine this growth of national digital policies and highlight how industrial policy objectives are important drivers of digital strategies. Examining a number of cases based on an extensive analysis of national digital policies, with a focus on China, we illustrate that these policies often aim at facilitating global integration and linkages. However, our analysis shows that, under certain conditions, more interventionist approaches can be vital in countering structural challenges. Challenges include the power of digital platforms, limitations of domestic digital firms, and limited ability to leverage digitalisation for broad-based national development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1247-1262
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1677886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1677886
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milenko Fadic
Author-X-Name-First: Milenko
Author-X-Name-Last: Fadic
Title: Letting Luck Decide: Government Procurement and the Growth of Small Firms
Abstract: 
 Iestimate the causal effects of demand shocks, stemming from government procurement, on the growth of small firms in Ecuador. I assemble a unique dataset using several new administrative sources and, as identification strategy, exploit a governmental procurement process that allocates public contracts through a randomised contest. I find a positive and significant effect of demand shocks on firm growth. On average, an increase in demand of 10 per cent will increase wage expenses and fixed assets by approximately 5 per cent during the year of the shock. I also find no evidence of spillover effects from demand shocks on sales to the public or private sector. Finally, as in other studies, I show that demand positively impacts firm growth but, contrary to other findings, this effect is temporary and only observed during the year of the shock.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1263-1276
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1666979
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1666979
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leyla Karimli
Author-X-Name-First: Leyla
Author-X-Name-Last: Karimli
Author-Name: Bijetri Bose
Author-X-Name-First: Bijetri
Author-X-Name-Last: Bose
Author-Name: Njeri Kagotho
Author-X-Name-First: Njeri
Author-X-Name-Last: Kagotho
Title: Integrated Graduation Program and its Effect on Women and Household Economic Well-being: Findings from a Randomised Controlled Trial in Burkina Faso
Abstract: 
 Throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, poverty alleviation programmes have struggled to reach the ultra-poor. To address this challenge, a growing number of agencies are adopting a ‘graduation approach’ to moving out of extreme poverty into food security and sustainable livelihoods. This study examines the effects of an integrated graduation programme (combining the economic strengthening component with the child well-being sensitisation component) on the economic well-being of women and households in the Nord region of Burkina Faso. Repeated-measures data were collected at three time points from 360 female adult caregivers in a three-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial conducted among the poorest households in the region. Results of multilevel random-intercept mixed-effectsmodels suggest significant effect of the two intervention arms on increased return from market activities and greater assets owned by the women. Results also show an increase in expenditure on children, although not at the same rate as the increases in womens’ income and profits. Findings provide strong support for the expansion of the graduation approach to help the ultra-poor in different settings. Findings also point to the importance of taking into account existing social relationships within households and suggest the added value of addressing these intra-household dynamics through appropriate programme strategies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1277-1294
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1677887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1677887
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liba Brent
Author-X-Name-First: Liba
Author-X-Name-Last: Brent
Title: Participation and Compliance in Tension: Developing Women-led Yarn Spinning Businesses in Tajikistan
Abstract: 
 This paper presents a case study on two consecutive 4-year projects funded by IFAD that used participatory action research (PAR) to develop women-led yarn spinning businesses in rural Tajikistan. The case study explains how the PAR approach contributed to the project success and how it was affected by different compliance environments. The first project, managed by ICARDA, operated in an enabling compliance environment that supported field-level action based on a PAR-driven learning. The second project, managed by AKF, faced a high-burden compliance environment that affected field-level decision-making and created unforeseen costs for the project. The paper argues that cooperative learning and decision-making by the field staff and the stakeholders, facilitated by low burden compliance, is a cornerstone of effective, sustainable development. High-burden compliance systems can jeopardise project effectiveness and sustainability by prioritising procedural conformity over participatory, knowledge-based action.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1295-1308
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1657569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1657569
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos F. Gould
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gould
Author-Name: Johannes Urpelainen
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Urpelainen
Title: The Gendered Nature of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Stove Adoption and Use in Rural India
Abstract: 
 Clean cooking fuels promise substantial health benefits for rural households, but almost three billion people continue to rely on traditional biomass for their cooking needs. We explore the role of gender in the adoption of LPG, a clean cooking fuel, in rural India. Given that women are responsible for most households’ cooking needs, we propose that gender inequality is an obstacle to LPG adoption because men may fail to appreciate the full benefits of clean cooking fuels. Using data for 8,563 households from the ACCESS survey, we demonstrate that households where women participate in decison-making are more likely to adopt LPG for cooking than households in which a man is the sole decision-maker. We extend our analytic framework to evaluate the relationship between household characteristics and LPG and firewood use. Access and cylinder costs were both negatively associated with LPG use and while LPG adoption reduced firewood use, fuel stacking remains the norm in study households. This study has implications for future policy designs to increase LPG adoption and use to obtain the multiple benefits of cleaner cooking.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1309-1329
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1657571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1657571
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:7:p:1309-1329




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Ayalew Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Ayalew
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: Derick Bowen
Author-X-Name-First: Derick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowen
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger
Title: Personality Traits, Technology Adoption, and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Smallholder Rice Farms in Ghana
Abstract: 
 Although a large literature highlights the impact of personality traits on key labour market outcomes, evidence of their impact on agricultural production decisions remains limited. Data from 1,200 Ghanaian rice farmers suggest that noncognitive skills (polychronicity, work centrality, and optimism) significantly affect simple adoption decisions, returns from adoption, and technical efficiency in rice production, and that the size of the estimated impacts exceeds that of traditional human capital measures. Greater focus on personality traits relative to cognitive skills may help accelerate innovation diffusion in the short term, and help farmers to respond flexibly to new opportunities and risks in the longer term.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1330-1348
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1666978
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1666978
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M.T. Safdar
Author-X-Name-First: M.T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Safdar
Author-Name: Terry van Gevelt
Author-X-Name-First: Terry van
Author-X-Name-Last: Gevelt
Title: Catching Up with the ‘Core’: The Nature of the Agricultural Machinery Sector and Challenges for Chinese Manufacturers
Abstract: 
 The current era of globalisation has been accompanied by China’s rise as a major economic actor. Chinese firms are expanding their presence globally and are seeking to ‘catch-up’ with firms in developed countries across different sectors. This paper uses China’s agricultural machinery sector as a vehicle to examine the challenges faced by firms from developing countries in their effort to catch-up with ‘core firms’. Chinese firms operating in the sector struggle to compete with a small number of dominant core firms based in developed countries. These core firms are sectoral leaders with a global presence. They are continuously strengthening their competitive advantage using diverse strategies, including: investing in R&D, focused acquisitions and developing relationships with actors internal and external to agriculture. The challenge of catching-up for Chinese firms in the sector has further increased as developed countries seek to protect firms in strategic sectors like agriculture. By examining the changing nature of the agricultural machinery sector, and the role of core firms, the paper highlights the substantial barriers facing Chinese firms in their efforts to catch-up. This paper has important implications, as it shows that even if firms from developing countries enjoy state-support, they will increasingly struggle to catch-up.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1349-1366
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1632435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1632435
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arif Anindita
Author-X-Name-First: Arif
Author-X-Name-Last: Anindita
Author-Name: Gumilang Aryo Sahadewo
Author-X-Name-First: Gumilang Aryo
Author-X-Name-Last: Sahadewo
Title: Lighten the Burden: Assessing the Impact of a for-Poor-Students Cash Transfer Program on Spending Behaviour
Abstract: 
 The Indonesian Government launched a for-poor students cash transfer program (Bantuan Siswa Miskin, BSM) to aid poor students in attaining goods and services that would improve school attendance. Recipients should spend the cash to support school attendance, however, the government does not have any control on how households spend the transfer. Using the Indonesian Family Life Survey, we evaluate whether the BSM program affects education spending. To deal with the issues of endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity, we use the BSM eligibility criteria set by the government as instrumental variables and the first-difference estimation strategy. We find that BSM has a significant and positive effect on education spending. This study provides evidence that households use the transfer according to the intended purpose even though there is no formal mechanism to ensure households’ compliance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1367-1383
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1677888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1677888
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hanbyul Ryu
Author-X-Name-First: Hanbyul
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryu
Title: The Effect of Compulsory Preschool Education on Maternal Labour Supply
Abstract: 
 The Brazilian government implemented the school reform that mandated preschool education compulsory in 2009. I exploit discontinuities in the preschool eligibility rules to examine the effects of preschool enrolment on mothers’ labour market outcomes. I found that preschool enrolment significantly increased the time spent working rather than performing household chores among mothers living without additional younger children and other relatives. Moreover, these mothers were more likely to take the jobs that guaranteed employee rights and benefits. However, I found no effects among the mothers who have an additional younger child and/or live with other relatives. Taken together, the findings reveal a potential benefit of lowering school entry age in a context where limited availability of early childhood education constrains mothers’ labour market activities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1384-1407
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1677890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1677890
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Schuster
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuster
Author-Name: Liesbet Vranken
Author-X-Name-First: Liesbet
Author-X-Name-Last: Vranken
Author-Name: Miet Maertens
Author-X-Name-First: Miet
Author-X-Name-Last: Maertens
Title: You Can(’t) Always Get the Job You Want: Employment Preferences in the Peruvian Horticultural Export Chain
Abstract: 
 Employment in high-value agro-export sectors has been recognised to entail the potential to contribute to poverty reduction in rural areas of developing countries. Concerns have yet been raised about the quality of the created employment and worker preferences have often been overlooked in the literature. We use a discrete choice experiment, in which we relate stated and revealed employment preference of agro-industry export workers in Peru. We explain employment (mis)matches as a function of personal and employer characteristics. Results suggest that employment preferences are heterogeneous, but that some groups of workers are systematically less likely to meet their ideal employment expectations. We formulate policy recommendations for both agro-industry employers to increase their workers’ job satisfaction, and for development agencies concerned with employment quality in high-value export sectors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1408-1429
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1666976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1666976
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elize Massard da Fonseca
Author-X-Name-First: Elize Massard
Author-X-Name-Last: da Fonseca
Title: State-Sponsored Activism: Bureaucrats and Social Movements in Democratic Brazil
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1430-1431
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1750160
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1750160
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees 2019
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1432-1436
Issue: 7
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1767432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1767432
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronica Herrera
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrera
Author-Name: Lindsay Mayka
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayka
Title: How Do Legal Strategies Advance Social Accountability? Evaluating Mechanisms in Colombia
Abstract: 
 While prior studies have suggested that legal strategies offer promising tools for social accountability, the existing literature has not yet identified the underlying mechanisms that link legal strategies to accountability improvements. In this theory-building paper, we argue that there are four mechanisms by which legal strategies can enhance accountability. First, the courts can help those affected by policy failures to overcome the collective action problem. Second, courts can provide civil society with access to information about rights violations, malfeasance, and poor policy performance. Third, legal strategies can set in motion court-backed reforms that redress immediate rights violations and strengthen state capacity for more accountable governance. Fourth, court recognition can increase the symbolic and discursive resources of claimants, making their demands for accountability more effective. We illustrate these mechanisms through a comparative analysis of two policy arenas in Colombia, environment and healthcare – two areas in which civil society engagement with the judiciary opened up new routes for social accountability. By bridging the previously disconnected literatures on legal mobilisation and social accountability, this paper creates an analytical framework to understand the menu of options that citizens face about where and how to seek accountability from the state.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1437-1454
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1690134
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol Newman
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Newman
Author-Name: John Rand
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Rand
Author-Name: Finn Tarp
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp
Author-Name: Neda Trifkovic
Author-X-Name-First: Neda
Author-X-Name-Last: Trifkovic
Title: Corporate Social Responsibility in a Competitive Business Environment
Abstract: 
 Using a representative sample of more than 5,000 Vietnamese enterprises, we explore the firm-level productivity effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The data enables us to create 12 quantitative CSR measures, which can be grouped into two broader categories related to management and community-based CSR initiatives. We find a positive relationship between adoption of CSR initiatives and firm efficiency, and reveal that the impact is stronger for firms in non-competitive industries. Moreover, we show that local community focused CSR initiatives drive the aggregate effect. This suggests that socially responsible actions by firms are likely to pay-off when stakeholder engagement has a localised focus. We provide evidence of reciprocity by showing that employees accept a lower share of additionally generated value-added (controlling for productivity differences) in exchange for working in a company that signals ‘good’ corporate values.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1455-1472
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1694144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1694144
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rajius Idzalika
Author-X-Name-First: Rajius
Author-X-Name-Last: Idzalika
Author-Name: Maria C. Lo Bue
Author-X-Name-First: Maria C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lo Bue
Title: Educational Opportunities in Indonesia: Are Factors Outside Individual Responsibility Persistent Over Time?
Abstract: 
 Not all sources of inequality in educational achievements are fair. But how strong and persistent is the burden of unequal opportunities that each person carries on in their life? In this paper, we define individual indices of the burden of circumstances, which measure the effect that the accumulation of factors outside individual control, has on individual educational achievements in the short and long run. As our findings suggest, the effect of these circumstances tends to persist over time. This effect has been particularly strong for the generation of students who experienced the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. Lastly, we do not find evidence of a sizeable effect of local non-routine education expenditure on the inequality of opportunity, causing us to question the effectiveness of educational policies in accurately targeting equity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1473-1488
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1690133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1690133
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linh Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Linh
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Title: Land Rights and Technology Adoption: Improved Rice Varieties in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Adopting improved seed varieties is a type of agricultural investment that has substantially ensured food security in developing countries and helped farmers transition out of poverty. This paper examines the impact of land rights on the adoption of high-yield rice varieties by farmers in Vietnam. Using panel data from representative surveys of Vietnamese households, I find that having land-use certificates has a positive influence on households’ adoption of improved rice varieties. Additionally, I explore the channels through which land rights affect improved seeds adoption. Within households, having a land title matters at the plot level, which suggests the significance of the tenure security channel. I also find evidences of the credit channel, in which holding land titles encourages a household to take loans for rice production.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1489-1507
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1677889
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1677889
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivar Kolstad
Author-X-Name-First: Ivar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolstad
Author-Name: Arne Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Author-Name: Odd-Helge Fjeldstad
Author-X-Name-First: Odd-Helge
Author-X-Name-Last: Fjeldstad
Title: Does an Economics Education Produce Technocratic Paternalists? Experimental Evidence from Tanzania
Abstract: 
 When confronted with information that ordinary citizens do not care that strongly about efficiency, do economists change their views of optimal public policy? In a randomised experiment on tax preferences conducted among business and economics students in Tanzania, we supplied the treatment group with information that ordinary citizens disagree with implications of efficiency-based optimal tax theory. Tax preferences were then measured using discrete choice experiments. The results show that the treated students modify their position in the direction of public opinion, an effect driven by students with longer exposure to economics. An economics education hence seems to produce professionals who are part democrats and part technocratic paternalists.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1508-1522
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1690135
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1690135
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yu Bai
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Bai
Author-Name: Michael Neubauer
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Neubauer
Author-Name: Tong Ru
Author-X-Name-First: Tong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ru
Author-Name: Yaojiang Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Yaojiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Kaleigh Kenny
Author-X-Name-First: Kaleigh
Author-X-Name-Last: Kenny
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle
Title: Impact of Second-Parent Migration on Student Academic Performance in Northwest China and its Implications
Abstract: 
 The migration of hundreds of millions of rural Chinese workers to the city has contributed substantially to China’s economic growth since the beginning of the country’s economic reform in 1978. However, this migration has also led to societal issues, including more than 60 million left-behind children. Empirical studies that seek to measure the impact of being left-behind on academic performance have led to inconsistent results, perhaps because the effects may be different for first-parent migration (migration during the first period of time in which one parent migrates) and second-parent migration (migration when the remaining parent leaves the home). Here we have examined how school performance changes before and after the second parent out-migrates. We use a panel dataset of over 5,000 students from 72 primary schools in rural China. Using a difference-in-difference approach, supported by a placebo test, we find that second-parent migration has statistically significant negative impacts on student performance. Importantly, our data provide convincing evidence that second-parent migration has a more negative impact on academic performance than first-parent migration. Our results have broad implications for China’s future economic growth and inequality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1523-1540
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1690136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1690136
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Carlson
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlson
Author-Name: Brigitte Seim
Author-X-Name-First: Brigitte
Author-X-Name-Last: Seim
Title: Honor among Chiefs: An Experiment on Monitoring and Diversion Among Traditional Leaders in Malawi
Abstract: 
 Traditional, hereditary chiefs are an integral part of the development infrastructure in many African countries. To capture chiefs’ behaviour as agents of development and understand the accountability mechanisms they face, we conduct a field experiment with 200 Malawian village chiefs, documenting how they distribute a valuable development good – iron roofing sheets – as we sequentially add monitoring by donors, subjects, and the state. We find evidence that even in the absence of formal accountability institutions, chiefs are responsive to monitoring by all principals. However, principals have competing demands: while most principals prefer allocations based on need as classified by the local community, a subset of the chief’s subjects – his relatives – prefer to receive sheets themselves, regardless of need. When subjects are informed about the availability of sheets, relatives are able to capture allocations, overriding other principals and causing discontent. Altogether, diversion is minimised when chiefs are monitored by the donor, and only the donor. When chiefs are monitored by all their principals simultaneously, diversion is not significantly lower (compared to control), but dissatisfaction among subjects is greater. This study adds to the literature on chieftaincy and highlights the role of common agency in the design and analysis of development interventions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1541-1557
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1703955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1703955
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miriam Bruhn
Author-X-Name-First: Miriam
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruhn
Title: Can Wage Subsidies Boost Employment in the Wake of an Economic Crisis? Evidence from Mexico
Abstract: 
 This paper measures the employment effect of a programme in Mexico that granted firms wage subsidies during the recent economic crisis. I use monthly administrative data at the industry level, along with Euclidean distance matching to construct groups of eligible and ineligible durable goods manufacturing industries that display statistically identical preprogramme trends in employment. Difference-in-difference results show a positive but not statistically significant effect of the wage subsidies on employment during the programme’s eight-month duration. The size of the effect increases to 18 per cent after the programme ended and the results indicate that employment after the programme recovered faster in eligible industries than in ineligible industries. Additional analysis suggests that the programme did not incentivise firms to retain workers with job-specific skills as originally intended. Instead, the payment of subsidy funds, which only happened towards the end of the programme, seems to have provided liquidity for hiring back workers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1558-1577
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1715941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1715941
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siri Aas Rustad
Author-X-Name-First: Siri Aas
Author-X-Name-Last: Rustad
Author-Name: Elisabeth Lio Rosvold
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth Lio
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosvold
Author-Name: Halvard Buhaug
Author-X-Name-First: Halvard
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhaug
Title: Development Aid, Drought, and Coping Capacity
Abstract: 
 Climate change is a major threat to sustained economic growth and wellbeing in the Global South. To what extent does official development assistance (ODA) strengthen recipient communities’ capacity to cope with climatic extremes? Here, we investigate whether inflow of development aid mitigates adverse health impacts of subsequent drought among children under 5 years of age, drawing on survey data of nearly 140,000 respondents across 16 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa in combination with georeferenced data on World Bank-sponsored ODA projects and historical weather statistics. A coarsened exact matching analysis reveals little benefit of development aid on child nutritional status under normal meteorological conditions. However, among children exposed to drought, prior aid allocation is associated with significantly reduced weight loss. While the merit of ODA in facilitating long-term growth remains debated, this study finds consistent indication that multilateral development aid improves recipient communities’ capacity to cope with future drought.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1578-1593
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1696958
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1696958
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ebelechukwu Maduekwe
Author-X-Name-First: Ebelechukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Maduekwe
Author-Name: Walter Timo de Vries
Author-X-Name-First: Walter
Author-X-Name-Last: Timo de Vries
Author-Name: Gertrud Buchenrieder
Author-X-Name-First: Gertrud
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchenrieder
Title: Identifying Human Recognition Deprived Women: Evidence from Malawi and Peru
Abstract: 
 Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys from Malawi and Peru, we identify human recognition deprived women and analyse social-demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing human recognition deprivation. We find educated spouses/partners are less likely to provide negative human recognition to women. We also observe women’s education has a small non-monotonic impact on the likelihood of human recognition deprivation. Women are also likely to be deprived if they were married more than once, have alcoholic partner/spouses and exert retaliatory behaviour. Additional heterogeneous outcomes exist for agricultural women in both countries. We argue that women’s human recognition can be improved overall with social policies/programs tackling alcohol use, violence and education in both countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1594-1614
Issue: 8
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1666977
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1666977
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geeta Gandhi Kingdon
Author-X-Name-First: Geeta Gandhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kingdon
Title: The Private Schooling Phenomenon in India: A Review
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the size, growth, salaries, fee levels and per-pupil-costs of private schools, and compares these with the government school sector. Official data show a steep growth of private schooling and a corresponding rapid shrinkage in the size of the government school sector in India, suggesting parental abandonment of government schools. Data show that a very large majority of private schools in most states are ‘low-fee’ when judged in relation to state per capita income, per-pupil expenditure in the government schools, and the officially stipulated rural minimum wage rate for daily-wage-labour. This suggests that affordability is an important factor behind the migration towards and growth of private schools. The main reason for the very low fee levels in private schools is their lower teacher salaries, which the data show to be a small fraction of the salaries paid in government schools; this is possible because private schools pay the market-clearing wage, which is depressed by a large supply of unemployed graduates in the country, whereas government schools pay bureaucratically determined minimum-wages. The paper shows how education policies can be harmful when formulated without seeking the evidence.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1795-1817
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1715943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1715943
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Hoddinott
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott
Author-Name: Tseday J. Mekasha
Author-X-Name-First: Tseday J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mekasha
Title: Social Protection, Household Size, and Its Determinants: Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 We provide new evidence on the impact of social protection interventions on household size and the factors that cause the household size to change: fertility, child fosterage, and in and out migration related to work and marriage. Using data from an intervention delivered at scale, Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP), we find that participation in the PSNP leads to an increase in household size of 0.3 members. We find no evidence that PSNP participation increases fertility and some evidence that fertility is reduced, specifically it reduces the likelihood that an adult female member gives birth by 8.1 percentage points. We reconcile this seemingly divergent findings by showing that the increase in household size arises from an increase in the number of girls aged 12 to 18 years. We present evidence that this occurs because the PSNP causes households to delay marrying out adolescent females.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1818-1837
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1736283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1736283
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shohei Nakamura
Author-X-Name-First: Shohei
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura
Author-Name: Tom Bundervoet
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Bundervoet
Author-Name: Mohammed Nuru
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed
Author-X-Name-Last: Nuru
Title: Rural Roads, Poverty, and Resilience: Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This study analyses the linkage between the recent rural road development and household welfare, resilience, and economic conditions in Ethiopia. The empirical approach relies on a difference-in-differences matching method, taking advantage of a nationally representative household survey and an original road database, both of which are panel data spanning the period 2012–2016. The results of the econometric analysis suggest that Ethiopia’s rural road development was associated with a significant increase in household welfare or significant smaller losses in household consumption during the severe droughts. In addition, rural roads in very remote areas were associated with farmers’ sales of a larger share of their harvests and higher chance of fertiliser use. Rural road development was also associated with a higher likelihood of earning income from wage employment, particularly for women and youth. Taken together, the results suggest that, by connecting remote communities to markets and the main road network, rural roads have substantially supported the welfare and resilience of rural households in shock-prone Ethiopia.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1838-1855
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1736282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1736282
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Rockmore
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Rockmore
Title: Conflict-Risk and Agricultural Portfolios: Evidence from Northern Uganda
Abstract: 
 Although the impact of insecurity on agricultural decisions is widely discussed, it remains largely unstudied empirically. This study estimates the effect of risk of violence on livestock and crop portfolios using spatially disaggregated risk measures and data from over 690,000 households, approximately 75 per cent of all rural households in Northern Uganda. As the risk of violence increases, households decrease their livestock holdings while shifting its composition towards smaller, less risky animals that can be kept within villages. The similarly strong shifts in the choice of crops, however, are not always consistent with a shift towards less risky crops. Since households remain reliant on agriculture, these ex ante behavioural responses to insecurity suggest important consequences for welfare.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1856-1876
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1703953
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1703953
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Tyce
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyce
Title: A ‘Private-sector Success Story’? Uncovering the Role of Politics and the State in Kenya’s Horticultural Export Sector
Abstract: 
 Kenya’s horticulture sector is often heralded as one of sub-Saharan Africa’s principal success stories. The country has become the region’s largest exporter of fresh fruits, vegetables and cut flowers to Europe and the sector is a major source of foreign exchange, employment and poverty reduction. Generally, the existing literature presents this as ‘a private-sector success story’, whereby a supposed limited role for the state allowed the private-sector to develop independently and innovatively react to shifting global market dynamics and sourcing strategies of European lead firms. This reflects the fact that research on Kenya’s horticultural sector has been dominated by scholars from a Global Value Chains/Global Production Networks (GVC/GPN) tradition, who tend to neglect the explanatory power of domestic political economy. This paper challenges these market-focused readings, arguing that the Kenyan state – and particularly the broader political context in which it is located – has played a more important role in Kenya’s horticultural success story than has generally been acknowledged. Using an historically-grounded form of political settlement analysis, this paper shows how domestic political economy and state-business dynamics have fused with the more transnational factors identified by GVC/GPN scholars to drive rapid and constant growth in Kenya’s horticultural exports since the 1970s.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1877-1893
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1715944
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francis H. Kemeze
Author-X-Name-First: Francis H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kemeze
Author-Name: Mario J. Miranda
Author-X-Name-First: Mario J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda
Author-Name: John K. M. Kuwornu
Author-X-Name-First: John K. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuwornu
Author-Name: Henry Anim-Somuah
Author-X-Name-First: Henry
Author-X-Name-Last: Anim-Somuah
Title: Smallholder Farmer Risk Preferences in Northern Ghana:Evidence from a Controlled Field Experiment
Abstract: 
 We conduct a controlled field experiment to elicit risk preferences among maize farmers in Northern Ghana. Farmers participating in the experiment were asked to choose from a menu of lotteries representing different hypothetical probability distributions over yields produced by ‘traditional’ and ‘high yield’ maize varieties. We estimate a Rank-Dependent Utility Model (RDU) with an Expo-Power utility function, allowing for systematic subjective underweighting or overweighting of outcome probabilities and non-constant relative risk aversion. Based on our estimates, we cannot reject the hypotheses that decisions made by farmers in our study can be uniformly characterised by conventional Von Neumann–Morgenstern expected utility theory (EUT), but reject the hypothesis that farmers exhibit constant relative risk aversion.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1894-1908
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1715945
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guigonan Serge Adjognon
Author-X-Name-First: Guigonan Serge
Author-X-Name-Last: Adjognon
Author-Name: Lenis Saweda Liverpool-Tasie
Author-X-Name-First: Lenis Saweda
Author-X-Name-Last: Liverpool-Tasie
Author-Name: Robert Shupp
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Shupp
Title: Productivity Shocks and Repayment Behavior in Rural Credit Markets: A Framed Field Experiment
Abstract: 
 Improving rural credit markets requires a good understanding of the root causes of market failures and taking necessary steps to address them. This paper investigates the role of productivity shocks in borrowers repayment choices. Using a framed field experiment that simulated a repeated interaction in an input credit market, the analysis finds strong evidence that adverse productivity shocks lead to higher default, even when they do not induce negative returns. This relationship is robust to the presence of an information exchange system enforcing dynamic incentives. The findings suggest that recurrent shocks such as those resulting from the harmful effects of climate change could exacerbate failures in rural credit markets, undermining hard-won progress toward rural financial inclusion.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1909-1926
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1640873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1640873
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asadul Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Asadul
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: Debayan Pakrashi
Author-X-Name-First: Debayan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pakrashi
Title: Labour Market Participation of Women in Rural Bangladesh: The Role of Microfinance
Abstract: 
 Using a large panel dataset on the labour supply behaviours of women and men within households in rural Bangladesh, we find robust evidence that the effects of microfinance on the labour supply are not symmetrical for women and men across different occupations. We also find that giving households access to microfinance helps to smooth out the seasonality in the labour supply via on-farm self-employment-based activities. Within households, the male members’ participation in off-farm activities increased significantly, while the women’s improved but still remained at a low level. Overall, the results suggest that microfinance improves labour market activities for men more than for women, even though the credit is targeted mainly at women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1927-1946
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1725482
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1725482
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chung Thanh Phan
Author-X-Name-First: Chung Thanh
Author-X-Name-Last: Phan
Author-Name: Sizhong Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Sizhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Zhang-Yue Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Zhang-Yue
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Rabiul Beg
Author-X-Name-First: Rabiul
Author-X-Name-Last: Beg
Title: Does Microcredit Improve Rural Households’ Social Network? Evidence from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Although microcredit targets both financial and, more importantly, social returns, it is unclear in existing literature that whether participating in microcredit programs fosters social network. Filling this gap, this study aims to quantitatively test whether microcredit improves the social network of rural households in Vietnam. Specifically, with microcredit borrowing to fund its family business, a representative household is engaged in a two-stage decision problem, namely to first choose a social network and then consumption to maximise its lifetime utility. Utility maximisation yields an optimal social network as a function of microcredit borrowing, which is estimated using the VARHS dataset from 2008 to 2016 in Vietnam. We find that microcredit improves both rural household’s social network quality and size.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1947-1963
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1725485
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: A Distributional Analysis of Artisanal and Industrial Wage Levels and Expenditure in the Congolese Mining Sector
Abstract: 
 Across low–income African countries, a process of foreign–controlled mining (re)industrialisation has been underway since the 1980s, gathering pace during the most recent decade. This paper aims to shed light on the long–term effects of this process on the strength and vibrancy of local mining economies. It does so through the analysis of original empirical data collected during 15 months of fieldwork at and around an industrial gold mine in South Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, centred on how the entry of industrial mining into pre-existing artisanal mining economies has affected the total volume of mining wages earned, consumed and invested locally. It is demonstrated that, despite generating a 25–fold increase in productivity, mining reindustrialisation in South Kivu has not resulted in significant wage growth for most industrial workers, compared to the wages earned in artisanal mining. In addition, as a result of the displacement of artisanal mining to more marginal deposits (and the inability of new industrial jobs or wages to compensate), seven years on, the local availability of mining employment has halved and the volume of locally consumed and invested mining wages has decreased by around 40 per cent. Drawing on the findings, the wisdom of current World Bank and African government mining policy is questioned.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1964-1979
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1725484
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haroon Bhorat
Author-X-Name-First: Haroon
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhorat
Title: Inclusive Dualism: Labour Intensive Development, Decent Work and Surplus Labour in Southern Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1980-1981
Issue: 10
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1786941
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evans Appiah Kissi
Author-X-Name-First: Evans Appiah
Author-X-Name-Last: Kissi
Author-Name: Christian Herzig
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Herzig
Title: Methodologies and Perspectives in Research on Labour Relations in Global Agricultural Production Networks: A Review
Abstract: 
 The integration of Global South actors into the global agricultural economy has attracted research on labour effects. This is because Global South actors are often integrated at the level of production of raw materials with little power and less capture of gain. To better understand the conceptual perspectives and methodologies underpinning existing empirical studies and provide evidence for the labour-related practice, this paper conducts a systematic review of the methodologies and perspectives applied in the Global Agricultural Production Networks literature. Based on an analysis of 87 articles published in English-speaking journals, we show that the assessment of labour regulatory frameworks’ impact on labour issues is more focused on private than public or social forms of governance and on vertical than horizontal frameworks. Wageworkers working on smallholder farms and agro-industries and women have received little consideration, in particular, if compared with wageworkers on plantations, as has the topic of occupational health and safety as a specific key labour issue. Overall, the existing body of empirical research can be characterised as being largely qualitative in nature, underexploiting the potential quantitative or mixed methods research designs. Our review generates methodological ideas and conceptual perspectives for future studies to consider.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1615-1637
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1696956
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Author-Name: Andy Sumner
Author-X-Name-First: Andy
Author-X-Name-Last: Sumner
Author-Name: Arief Yusuf
Author-X-Name-First: Arief
Author-X-Name-Last: Yusuf
Title: Double Dividends and Mixed Blessings: Structural Transformation, Income Inequality and Employment Dynamics
Abstract: 
 This paper provides an introduction to a special section on structural transformation, income inequality and employment dynamics. The set of papers in the special section in different ways revisit the seminal works of Lewis, Kuznets and Kaldor in a contemporary context.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1638-1642
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1702162
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cinar Baymul
Author-X-Name-First: Cinar
Author-X-Name-Last: Baymul
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Was Kuznets Right? New Evidence on the Relationship between Structural Transformation and Inequality
Abstract: 
 We examine the Kuznets postulate that structural transformation leads to higher inequality using comparable panel data for a large number of developing and developed countries for 1960–2012. Countries are in different stages of structural transformation, being either structurally underdeveloped, structurally developing or structurally developed. In contrast to the Kuznets hypothesis, we find that the movement of workers to manufacturing unambiguously decreases income inequality, irrespective of the stage of structural transformation that a particular country is in. We also find that the movement of workers into services has a positive impact on inequality across our set of countries at an early stage of structural transformation and a negative effect at a later stage, suggesting that the Kuznets postulate may apply more for services-driven structural transformation than manufacturing- driven structural transformation. Overall, our findings confirm the positive development effects that structural transformation relating to manufacturing may have in developing countries, not merely through higher growth but by reducing inequality as well. However, for many low-income countries, where the realistic possibility of structural transformation may be the movement of workers from agriculture to services, our findings suggest that inequality may increase with further structural transformation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1643-1662
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1702161
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1702161
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:9:p:1643-1662




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Castells-Quintana
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Castells-Quintana
Author-Name: Hugh Wenban-Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Hugh
Author-X-Name-Last: Wenban-Smith
Title: Population Dynamics, Urbanisation without Growth, and the Rise of Megacities
Abstract: 
 That urbanisation in many developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, is not delivering the kind of benefits that might be expected in the light of experience elsewhere in the world is now widely acknowledged. This urbanisation without growth has been the focus of recent research in both the development and urban economics literature. In this paper, we focus on demographic factors and develop a simple dynamic model to describe internal migrations, the evolution of the urban rate and total productivity, and how these are affected by population growth and investments in urban infrastructure. Our model can predict basic trends in the data, including urbanisation without growth and the rise of (poor) megacities. We complement the model with empirical evidence using (i) international cross-country panel data; and (ii) regional data from Tanzania.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1663-1682
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1702160
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1702160
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Pahl
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pahl
Author-Name: Marcel P. Timmer
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmer
Title: Do Global Value Chains Enhance Economic Upgrading? A Long View
Abstract: 
 Exporting through global value chains (GVCs) has recently been highlighted as a panacea for weak industrialisation trends in the South. We study the long-run effects of GVC participation for a large set of countries between 1970 and 2008. We find strong evidence for the positive effects on productivity growth in the formal manufacturing sector. This effect is stronger when the gap with the global productivity frontier is larger. However, we find no evidence for a positive effect on employment generation. These findings also hold in analyses of sub-sets of countries and industries and are robust to the inclusion of non-manufacturing employment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1683-1705
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1702159
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1702159
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Umakrishnan Kollamparambil
Author-X-Name-First: Umakrishnan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kollamparambil
Title: Educational Homogamy, Positive Assortative Mating and Income Inequality in South Africa: An Unconditional Quantile Regression Analysis
Abstract: 
 Apart from being the first attempt at investigating the impact of education-based homogamy and positive assortative mating on income inequality in a developing country context with very high levels of inequality and low education levels, this study pioneers in analysing the nonlinear relationship between mating patterns and income inequality. Further, the study contributes by the use of unconditional quantile regression and other distributional measures facilitated by the recentered influence function (RIF) method. The study finds convincing evidence of the existence of homogamy and positive assortative mating in South Africa. However, the strength of the relationship is seen to be weakening among younger cohorts as compared with older cohorts. The study further finds a non-linear U-shaped relationship between income inequality and the level of education-based homogamy, while a negative relationship is revealed between positive assortative mating and income inequality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1706-1724
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1696957
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1696957
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Kandulu
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Kandulu
Author-Name: Sarah Wheeler
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Wheeler
Author-Name: Alec Zuo
Author-X-Name-First: Alec
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuo
Author-Name: Nicholas Sim
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Sim
Title: The Impact of Microcredit Loans on School Enrolment in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 Human capital investment, especially in education, is a well-known precursor of economic growth in developing countries. In recent years, there has been a proliferation of microfinance programmes, yet evidence on whether microfinance leads to increased educational investment is tenuous at best. We utilise a large-scale cross-sectional household dataset from Bangladesh and geospatial data to study how microcredit participation and increasing microcredit incomes – that is, the extensive and intensive margins of microcredit – affects the probability of children’s school enrolment. The causal influence of microcredit participation on enrolments was estimated by utilising the propensity score matching (PSM) technique – a quasi-experimental treatment effects model. Whilst microcredit participation, the extensive margin, did not significantly influence the likelihood of school enrolment for boys, it increased girls’ enrolment. Further, microcredit income, the intensive margin, had a stronger influence on girls’ and younger siblings’ enrolment than on boys’ and older siblings’ enrolment. Omission of spatial influences can overstate microcredit influence on enrolment; while not utilising PSM can underestimate the influence of microcredit participation on enrolment. Results suggest policies that focus solely on increasing microcredit participation, without increasing the amount of microcredit incomes accessed by households, may be less effective at improving child education outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1725-1744
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1703954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1703954
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pelle Ahlerup
Author-X-Name-First: Pelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlerup
Author-Name: Thushyanthan Baskaran
Author-X-Name-First: Thushyanthan
Author-X-Name-Last: Baskaran
Author-Name: Arne Bigsten
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigsten
Title: Gold Mining and Education: A Long-run Resource Curse in Africa?
Abstract: 
 Combining Afrobarometer survey data with geocoded data on the discovery and shutdown dates of gold mines, we show that individuals who had gold mines within their district when they were in adolescence have significantly lower educational attainment as adults. Exploring mechanisms, we find that this effect is not driven by endogenous migration, nor a higher incidence of conflicts, nor by a lower provision of schools in mining districts. While data limitations prevent us from fully exploring other channels, prior work as well as suggestive evidence point towards a higher incidence of child labour in mining district as the main mechanism.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1745-1762
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1696959
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1696959
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Héctor E. Nájera Catalán
Author-X-Name-First: Héctor E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nájera Catalán
Author-Name: David Gordon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gordon
Title: The Importance of Reliability and Construct Validity in Multidimensional Poverty Measurement: An Illustration Using the Multidimensional Poverty Index for Latin America (MPI-LA)
Abstract: 
 The empirical properties of a multidimensional poverty index require robust assessment. However, poverty research is yet to systematically implement measurement theories and practices that have been proven to be successful in other fields. Measurement theory has been developed over more than 100 years to produce indexes that are scientific (falsifiable) in that researchers put under scrutiny whether their value judgements and assumptions result in scales that have high internal consistency (reliability) and capture the phenomenon they aim to measure (validity). The paper uses the Multidimensional Poverty Index for Latin America (MPI-LA) to illustrate the importance of adopting sound measurement practices. The MPI-LA aims to be an improvement over the widely applied Unsatisfied Basic Needs (UBN) approach. However, its empirical development was based on ad hoc non-standard methods and principles, making the conclusions of the developer’s analyses unfalsifiable and prone to confirmation bias. This analysis includes six countries and two time periods. The findings suggest that the MPI-LA is an unreliable measure of poverty and that the pre-specified dimensional structure is invalid. The paper illustrates how standard principles like reliability and validity can be used to inform the discussion about the statistical properties of a given poverty index.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1763-1783
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1663176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1663176
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Emma Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Author-Name: Pablo Villatoro
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Villatoro
Title: The Importance of Reliability in the Multidimensional Poverty Index for Latin America (MPI-LA)
Abstract: 
 We recently proposed a Multidimensional Poverty Index for the Latin America (MPI-LA) region implementing a broadly used methodology developed by Sabina Alkire and James Foster. The present note is a response to Hector Najera and David Gordon’s paper (published in this volume), in which they claim that the MPI-AL is an ‘unreliable measure of poverty’ because it does not pass some statistical tests that they consider applicable to multidimensional poverty measurement. In this note we address each of their critiques in turn and explain why Najera and Gordon’s claim is not correct.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1784-1789
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1663177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1663177
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Gordon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gordon
Author-Name: Héctor E. Nájera Catalán
Author-X-Name-First: Héctor E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nájera Catalán
Title: Reply to Santos and Colleagues ‘The Importance of Reliability in the Multidimensional Poverty Index for Latin America (MPI-LA)’
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1790-1794
Issue: 9
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1663178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1663178
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:9:p:1790-1794




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anirudh Krishna
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh
Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna
Author-Name: Emily Rains
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Rains
Author-Name: Erik Wibbels
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Wibbels
Title: Negotiating Informality– Ambiguity, Intermediation, and a Patchwork of Outcomes in Slums of Bengaluru
Abstract: 
 In developing countries, procedural ambiguity due to bureaucratic overlap and political discretion gives rise to divergence between law and practice. In this context of pervasive informality, it is important to consider how local negotiations produce disparate outcomes. We examine these local negotiations to explain how informal property rights are acquired and how markets operate in the slums of Bengaluru, India. Drawing on original interview and survey data, we describe how at least 18 types of property documents issued to urban slum residents can be ordered along a tenure continuum. Intermediaries are required to negotiate the opportunities that lie hidden within ambiguity. A first set of political intermediaries helps slum residents acquire property rights incrementally along this continuum. A second set of intermediaries helps facilitate informal housing transactions, keeping markets liquid across the tenure continuum. The mechanics of acquiring and transacting informal properties can differ across cities and countries, but, across contexts, intermediation helps negotiate informality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1983-1999
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1725483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1725483
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:1983-1999




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa Molina Millán
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa Molina
Author-X-Name-Last: Millán
Title: Regional Migration, Insurance and Economic Shocks: Evidence from Nicaragua
Abstract: 
 In developing countries most migrants are internal migrants, yet there is limited evidence to show whether internal migrants represent a source of insurance to the original household or vice versa. I test the insurance role of transfers sent and received by young migrants by estimating the causal impact of income shocks in the migrants’ locations of origin and destination on inter-household transfers. Rainfall shocks are found to lead to changes in income but not in consumption, indicating that households are able to smooth consumption. I find that young migrants provide insurance to their original households and that the level of insurance increases when migrants and households are exposed to low correlated rainfall shocks. This article shows evidence of bilateral insurance between rural migrants and their original households when the differences in the intensity of the shocks increase. These results provide new evidence of risk-sharing strategies among households geographically spread around a country.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2000-2029
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1703956
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1703956
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:2000-2029




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alin Kadfak
Author-X-Name-First: Alin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kadfak
Title: More than Just Fishing: The Formation of Livelihood Strategies in an Urban Fishing Community in Mangaluru, India
Abstract: 
 This article examines livelihood strategies of fishers and youth in an urban fishing community in India. Situated next to the busiest fishing harbour in Karnataka, I show how proximity to the city provides fishers and youth broader occupational choices to diversify their livelihoods by intensifying or taking on several fisheries-based activities, moving into the service sector, or getting urban jobs. Urban conditions have largely influenced how fishers and youth decide their livelihood strategy. The article shows how the fishers and youth have employed livelihood diversification via both accumulation and risk management strategies. Due to the lack of analysis drawing on urban fisheries case studies, the narratives of small-scale fisheries have largely been based on rural contexts, which often portrait small-scale fishers as either inefficient or vulnerable. This study, however, allows us to open up existing small-scale fisheries narratives to view fishers as active agents. Therefore, this study calls for more systematic emphasis on studying urban implications in small-scale fishing communities with important repercussions for urban fishers and their livelihood strategies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2030-2044
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1650168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1650168
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:2030-2044




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fangbin Qiao
Author-X-Name-First: Fangbin
Author-X-Name-Last: Qiao
Author-Name: Jikun Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Jikun
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Sustainability of the Economic Benefit of Bt Cotton in China: Results from Household Surveys
Abstract: 
 In recent years, the sustainability of the economic benefit of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops has been subject to substantial debate. Using seven rounds of household survey data, this study shows that the economic benefit continued for 15 years after the commercialisation of Bt cotton in China. Owing to Bt cotton adoption, farmers have saved 8.46 billion US dollars on pesticide use during 1997–2012. This number is more than double if the benefits of increased yield, decreased labour use, and increased seed cost are considered. More importantly, the total quantity of pesticides used has been reduced by 2.19 million tons nationally during 1997–2012.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2045-2060
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1640872
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2019.1640872
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederik Sagemüller
Author-X-Name-First: Frederik
Author-X-Name-Last: Sagemüller
Author-Name: Oliver Mußhoff
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Mußhoff
Title: Effects of Household Shocks on Risk Preferences and Loss Aversion: Evidence from Upland Smallholders of South East Asia
Abstract: 
 Avoiding risk in financial decisions is credited to be a key contributor to persistent poverty and poverty traps. In spite of this, the methods used to measure behaviour under risk rarely reflect an adequate representation of the lives of smallholders in low income economies. We estimate risk preferences and their determinants by including two key aspects: aversion to losses and exposure to long term risk and vulnerability. We examine risk preferences of 93 smallholders in Cambodia and 91 smallholders in Lao PDR with an incentivised lottery design under the framework of Expected Utility Theory (EUT), Rank Dependent Utility Theory (RDU) and Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT). We find that CPT best explains our data, but parameter values vary to those most commonly found in the literature. We report that the experience of household shocks have a significant effect on choice behaviour in the loss domain, even when we control for a large set of socio-economic and demographic variables.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2061-2078
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1736280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1736280
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:2061-2078




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuma Noritomo
Author-X-Name-First: Yuma
Author-X-Name-Last: Noritomo
Author-Name: Kazushi Takahashi
Author-X-Name-First: Kazushi
Author-X-Name-Last: Takahashi
Title: Can Insurance Payouts Prevent a Poverty Trap? Evidence from Randomised Experiments in Northern Kenya
Abstract: 
 Index-based insurance can have welfare-enhancing effects through two pathways: by inducing policyholders to change their investment and risk-management decisions or by mitigating weather-related shocks through payouts. Most studies fail to distinguish between these two; thus, we know little about which effects dominate and their long-term welfare implications. This study uses a random distribution of discount coupons and drought events that trigger payouts as exogenous variations in order to identify both the ex ante risk-management and ex post payout effects of index-based livestock insurance in a pastoral-dominant society of northern Kenya, where the literature has detected asset-based poverty traps, represented by bifurcated herd-size dynamics. We find that, first, both risk-management and payout effects help reduce the probability of distress sales of livestock. Second, payout effects also reduce the slaughter of livestock. Finally, while payout effects remain robust for the sub-sample of poorer households below the poverty-trap threshold, statistically significant risk-management effects on reduced livestock sales disappear for them. Overall, our results suggest that insurance payouts can help the poor escape poverty traps, while the impact of behavioural changes accompanied by insurance purchases is more subtle in our settings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2079-2096
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1736281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1736281
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:2079-2096




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana L Kassouf
Author-X-Name-First: Ana L
Author-X-Name-Last: Kassouf
Author-Name: Luca Tiberti
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiberti
Author-Name: Marcos Garcias
Author-X-Name-First: Marcos
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcias
Title: Evidence of the Impact of Children’s Household Chores and Market Labour on Learning from School Census Data in Brazil
Abstract: 
 This study analyzes the impact of children’s household chores and market labour on learning using Prova Brazil census data from 2007/2011, 2009/2013, 2011/2015 and 2013/2017. To do that, we created a large panel dataset with students in 5th and 9th Grades. A panel fixed effects model with an instrumental variable approach was applied to control for the endogeneity of child labour. Possible attrition bias was taken into account through inverse probability weights. The work performed by children either in the household, or in the labour market was detrimental to their academic performance. In the 2013/2017 panel, the largest impact was a reduction close to 12.3 per cent in Portuguese and more than 10 per cent in Mathematics test scores when children worked in both places labour market and household. Our results also indicate that household chores, which are often not counted in social statistics and not considered dangerous, should be included in policies designed to combat child labour.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2097-2112
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1736284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1736284
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:2097-2112




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jules Gazeaud
Author-X-Name-First: Jules
Author-X-Name-Last: Gazeaud
Title: Proxy Means Testing Vulnerability to Measurement Errors?
Abstract: 
 Proxy Means Testing (PMT) is a popular method to target the poor in developing countries. PMT usually relies on survey-based consumption data and assumes random measurement errors – an assumption that has been challenged by recent literature. Using a survey experiment conducted in Tanzania, this paper brings causal evidence on the impact of non-random errors on PMT performances. Results show that non-random errors bias the coefficients from PMT models, resulting in a 5 to 27 per cent reduction in PMT predictive performances. Moreover, non-random errors induce a 10 to 34 per cent increase in the incidence of targeting errors when poverty is defined in absolute terms. More reassuringly, impacts on the ranking of households are smaller and essentially non-significant. Taken together, these results indicate that PMT performances are quite vulnerable to non-random errors when the objective is to target absolutely poor households, but remain largely unaffected when the objective is to target a fixed share of the population.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2113-2133
Issue: 11
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1715942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1715942
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:11:p:2113-2133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Päivi Lujala
Author-X-Name-First: Päivi
Author-X-Name-Last: Lujala
Author-Name: Christa Brunnschweiler
Author-X-Name-First: Christa
Author-X-Name-Last: Brunnschweiler
Author-Name: Ishmael Edjekumhene
Author-X-Name-First: Ishmael
Author-X-Name-Last: Edjekumhene
Title: Transparent for Whom? Dissemination of Information on Ghana’s Petroleum and Mining Revenue Management
Abstract: 
 Greater transparency has been proposed as an antidote to mismanagement of natural resource revenues in resource-rich, developing countries. The dominant transparency narrative in policymaking attributes a key role to the public: once citizens gain information, they are predicted to use it to demand better resource governance. Whether the public receives the available information in the first place, however, has not been scrutinised in a large-N analysis. This article examines Ghanaians’ information sources and information-seeking behaviour using a unique survey with over 3500 respondents. Although Ghana has actively pursued transparency in its natural resource revenue management, most Ghanaians have poor access to understandable information as information is disseminated through channels that the intended receivers normally do not use. Non-elite citizens and those with limited English skills were least likely to have heard about natural resource revenue management, compared with elected duty bearers, traditional authorities, other opinion leaders, and those with an interest in the issue through working in mining or living near an extraction site. The results suggest that the conceptualisation of transparency may be too simplistic, and that the expectations linked to transparency in enhancing natural resource governance may not materialise through the mechanisms hypothesised in the literature.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2135-2153
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1746276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1746276
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2135-2153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris de Bont
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: de Bont
Author-Name: Gert Jan Veldwisch
Author-X-Name-First: Gert Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Veldwisch
Title: State Engagement with Farmer-led Irrigation Development: Symbolic Irrigation Modernisation and Disturbed Development Trajectories in Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Farmer-led irrigation development, a process in which farmers initiate the establishment of irrigation, is increasingly recognised as the driving force behind irrigation expansion, agricultural intensification, and commercialisation in sub-Saharan Africa. Governments and development agencies aim to build upon these practices to further stimulate agricultural production and expand the irrigated area. In what seems the recognition of farmers’ ability to take the lead, various African states have developed policies for ‘demand-driven irrigation development’. This article scrutinises the actual practices of such a policy through a case analysis of an intervention in Northern Tanzania. The analysis demonstrates how even demand-driven policies can disturb the development trajectory of farmer-led irrigation development by reinforcing modernisation ideals adhered to by both farmers and government employees. An emphasis on the aesthetics of modernity leads to symbolic modernisation, cementing the dominant role of the state and formal expertise and paralysing farmers’ irrigation development initiatives. This does not necessarily lead to agricultural intensification and commercialisation, which the formal policies seem to aim for and which is central to processes of farmer-led irrigation development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2154-2168
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1746278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1746278
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2154-2168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph B. Ajefu
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajefu
Author-Name: Olukorede Abiona
Author-X-Name-First: Olukorede
Author-X-Name-Last: Abiona
Title: The Mitigating Impact of Land Tenure Security on Drought-Induced Food Insecurity: Evidence from Rural Malawi
Abstract: 
 This paper explores household variation in land tenure security and drought shocks across villages to investigate the extent to which land tenure systems matter in households’ capacity to cope with adverse impacts of weather shocks for agricultural dependent households in rural Malawi. Our findings reveal that land tenure security cushions the effects of drought regimes on food security. Further, we establish access to credit facilities for farm investment purposes as the underlying channel that mediates the impact of drought shocks on food insecurity. The results of this study reinforce the growing consensus that property rights through land tenure security are associated with improved agricultural productivity and consequently household food security.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2169-2193
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1762862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1762862
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2169-2193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard A. Gallenstein
Author-X-Name-First: Richard A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallenstein
Author-Name: Jon Einar Flatnes
Author-X-Name-First: Jon Einar
Author-X-Name-Last: Flatnes
Author-Name: Abdoul G. Sam
Author-X-Name-First: Abdoul G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sam
Title: The Role of Social Capital in Risk-Taking Decisions under Joint Liability Lending
Abstract: 
 Joint liability group lending has come under scrutiny for failure to promote profitable risk-taking among smallholder borrowers in developing countries. One possible explanation for the absence of profitable risk-taking is the collateral-like effect of social capital, which borrowers fear losing if they default. In this paper, we use data from a framed field experiment and a survey administered in Tanzania to empirically investigate the relationship between social capital and risk-taking. We find that borrowers with more close relationships (family and friends) in their borrowing group increase risk-taking yet borrowers with more relationships that induce negative moral emotions (shame and guilt) reduce risk-taking.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2194-2211
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1755654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1755654
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2194-2211




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco d’Errico
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: d’Errico
Author-Name: Alessandra Garbero
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Garbero
Author-Name: Marco Letta
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Letta
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Evaluating Program Impact on Resilience: Evidence from Lesotho’s Child Grants Programme
Abstract: 
 Social protection programmes can play a crucial role in enhancing household resilience. Although there is vast evidence on the impact of cash transfer projects on many welfare outcomes, no study examines the impact of cash transfers on a composite measure of resilience. This paper fills this important gap by employing a difference-in-difference estimator in the context of a randomised control trial in Lesotho to explore the causal effect of a Child Grant Programme on resilience capacity. Results show a positive and significant short-term impact, largely driven by the beneficial effects for less resilient households. The main transmission channels are increases in household expenditure and food security. Strong stimulus of the Programme on expenditure in education, a key resilience determinant, anticipates longer-run virtuous intergenerational dynamics in resilience building. The policy implication of this work is that social protection interventions should be embedded within the larger framework of resilience-enhancing programmes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2212-2234
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1746279
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1746279
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2212-2234




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Burrone
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Burrone
Author-Name: Gianna Claudia Giannelli
Author-X-Name-First: Gianna Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Giannelli
Title: Child Labour, Gender and Vulnerable Employment in Adulthood. Evidence for Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Using the panel survey for the Kagera region of Tanzania, we select children who were seven to 15 years old in the 1990s and follow up with them in the first decade of the 2000s to study the consequences of child labour on their status in employment in adulthood. We estimate fixed effects linear probability models. We find that child labour is associated with vulnerable employment and that this result is driven by girls. Age plays a crucial role in the determination of the sign of the child labour effect. On average, for children younger than 10 child labour has only negative effects. The negative effects of domestic chores are quite large: the probability of vulnerable employment increases considerably for girls under 13, up to 20 percentage points for 10-year-olds. Child labour on the household farm has even more adverse effects. Overall, these findings highlight the important role of child labour in the determination of the gender gap in employment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2235-2250
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1755655
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1755655
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2235-2250




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trong-Anh Trinh
Author-X-Name-First: Trong-Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: Trinh
Title: Mental Health Impacts of Child Labour: Evidence from Vietnam and India
Abstract: 
 A number of recent studies have investigated the relationship between child labour and physical health. However, there has been little empirical evidence that child labour affects children’s emotional and behavioural development. This study departs from existing literature by examining the mental health impacts of child labour in Vietnam and India, as measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The potential endogeneity of child labour is addressed by using rainfall as the instrument. The findings show that children engaged in child labour suffer from mental health issues as measured by peer problems and reduced prosocial behaviour in both countries. There is a significant gender difference in the impact of child labour in India. Finally, doing household chores, an accepted social and cultural work in developing countries is found to be associated with the better mental health of children in Vietnam.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2251-2265
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1746280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1746280
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Saadi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Saadi
Title: Remittance Inflows and Export Complexity: New Evidence from Developing and Emerging Countries
Abstract: 
 Recent research highlights the importance of both migrant remittances and export complexity for understanding how economic development differs across developing countries. We integrate theories from both research streams to propose that remittances enhance export complexity in developing and emerging countries by encouraging business investment and entrepreneurship. We, then, document broad sample statistical evidence related to that proposal in regression analyses of remittance effects on export complexity in a sample of developing countries observed from 2002–2014. Our empirical results indicate that remittances generally and remittances used for investment purposes are positively associated with export complexity across a range of model specifications and estimation strategies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2266-2292
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1755653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1755653
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2266-2292




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xuehui Han
Author-X-Name-First: Xuehui
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Author-Name: John Dagsvik
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Dagsvik
Author-Name: Yuan Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Title: Disability and Job Constraint in Post Civil War Cambodia
Abstract: 
 Using an augmented random utility model, we incorporate capability-associated constraints on the set of job choices to identify and estimate the reduced number of jobs due to disabilities – to show that capability disadvantages can be converted to a form of income through the compensation variation denoted as capability-equivalent income. We deliberately chose Cambodia for the empirical analysis, because the civil war and genocide that occurred in the 1970s in the country can be considered a ‘natural shock’. Based on the utility function and the estimated parameters, we simulate the amount of capability-equivalent income of individuals after being compensated for their capability disadvantage by taxing the top earners. We show that after the transfer, the inequality in terms of both income and welfare decreases, and the overall welfare increases.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2293-2307
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1769073
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1769073
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2293-2307




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alisher Aldashev
Author-X-Name-First: Alisher
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldashev
Author-Name: Alexander M. Danzer
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Danzer
Title: Linguistic Fragmentation at the Micro-Level: Economic Returns to Speaking the Right Language(s) in a Multilinguistic Society
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the economic returns to language skills and bilingualism in Kazakhstan, a multi-ethnic country that started switching its official state language from Russian to Kazakh in 1997. Using newly assembled data for four major cities in 1996 and 2010, we find heterogenous wage premia and penalties for speaking Kazakh across cities and over time. We relate the wage patterns to (i) changing demographic environments, (ii) changing gaps in school resources between schools with Russian vs. Kazakh language of instruction, and (iii) changing labour market segmentation. While wage differences narrowed in line with a balancing language policy in some cities, others experienced a rise in labour market segmentation. Regionally emerging wage penalties for Kazakh fluency might impede the formation of a bilingual society, as politically desired.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2308-2326
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1779927
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1779927
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2308-2326




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janina I. Steinert
Author-X-Name-First: Janina I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinert
Author-Name: Lucie D. Cluver
Author-X-Name-First: Lucie D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cluver
Author-Name: Franziska Meinck
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Meinck
Author-Name: Divane Nzima
Author-X-Name-First: Divane
Author-X-Name-Last: Nzima
Author-Name: Jenny Doubt
Author-X-Name-First: Jenny
Author-X-Name-Last: Doubt
Title: Opening the Black Box: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Social and Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Changes in Financial Behaviour
Abstract: 
 We use a mixed-methods approach to open the ‘black box’ of a combined financial literacy and parenting intervention (‘Parenting for Lifelong Health’) to elucidate the key mechanisms through which changes in financial behaviour are realised. Drawing on qualitative data from 16 focus groups and 42 in-depth interviews, we find evidence for three pathways of change. Higher financial skills and, linked to this, higher financial confidence, a more optimistic future outlook and emotional support provided by peers and family members are described as key facilitators of improved financial behaviour. These mechanisms are cross validated in subsequent quantitative analyses based on standardised interviews from a randomised controlled trial with 552 households. A mediation analysis indicates that the programme’s effect on financial behaviour is significantly mediated by financial skills and self-efficacy (24% of total effect) and optimism (22% of total effect). We further show that the psychological factors are significantly reinforced by increased levels of social support in the family and wider community. Mediating variables remain robust in sensitivity analyses and are confirmed as significant paths when entered simultaneously into a structural equation path model. Our findings highlight possible target points for financial literacy interventions and motivate the inclusion of psychosocial programme components.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2327-2348
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1715946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1715946
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Booth
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth
Title: The Political Economy of Collective Action, Inequality, and Development
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2349-2350
Issue: 12
Volume: 56
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1820182
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1820182
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:56:y:2020:i:12:p:2349-2350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Baranov
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Baranov
Author-Name: Lisa Cameron
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Cameron
Author-Name: Diana Contreras Suarez
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Contreras Suarez
Author-Name: Claire Thibout
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Thibout
Title: Theoretical Underpinnings and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Cash Transfers on Intimate Partner Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Abstract: 
 The number of studies examining the effects of cash transfer (CT) programs on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has rapidly grown over the last decade. Depending on how violence is modelled, CTs could either increase, decrease or have an ambiguous effect on violence. This paper provides a survey of the theoretical and quantitative empirical literature on the effects of CTs on IPV. We place the existing theories in the context of an overarching model of household bargaining. We then review the empirical evidence for low- and middle-income countries. The bulk of the empirical evidence suggests that CTs either are associated with a decrease in IPV or no effect on average. Some studies however report increases in IPV for some subgroups, for example, for women with low levels of education whose husbands have even lower levels of education. A meta-analysis finds significant negative impacts on physical and emotional violence and controlling behaviours – consistent with household resource and stress theory, possibly in conjunction with, but dominating, theories of status inconsistency and instrumental violence.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-25
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1762859
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1762859
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allison Schnable
Author-X-Name-First: Allison
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnable
Author-Name: Anthony DeMattee
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: DeMattee
Author-Name: Rachel Sullivan Robinson
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Sullivan Robinson
Author-Name: Jennifer N. Brass
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brass
Title: International Development Buzzwords: Understanding Their Use Among Donors, NGOs, and Academics
Abstract: 
 AbstractScholars and practitioners of international development often note the use of ‘development buzzwords’: terms that represent hot topics in the field. Buzzwords characterise a development issue and imply elements of possible solutions. This article analyses the prevalence of these words in development discourse, asking who among donors, major nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), or academics adopts buzzwords earliest and uses them the most. We also analyse how these actors use buzzwords–whether buzzwords represent new ideas or essentially repackage old concepts. The article compares the prevalence of buzzwords among three bodies of text published since 1990: social science journal articles on NGOs; World Bank annual reports; and the annual reports of BRAC, Save the Children, and World Vision. Using topic modelling and keyword searches, we trace how the terms ‘reproductive health,’ ‘gender,’ ‘participatory development,’ and ‘accountability’ ebbed and flowed over these literatures. We find suggestive evidence against ‘donor-driven development’: buzzwords appear first in academic literature and the annual reports of NGOs, followed by the World Bank. We also find evidence that international conferences and emergent health crises influence buzzword use. We conclude that buzzwords’ function and fates vary, with some losing priority, others losing substance, and yet others persisting as multivalent concepts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 26-44
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1790532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1790532
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andre Nickow
Author-X-Name-First: Andre
Author-X-Name-Last: Nickow
Author-Name: Sanjay Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjay
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Title: Mobilizing for Entitlement: A Randomised Evaluation of a Homestead Land Rights Initiative in Bihar, India
Abstract: 
 Across much of India, potentially transformative development programs are hampered by barriers to implementation. A case in point is Bihar, a province of over 100 million inhabitants, where state law guarantees each otherwise landless rural household the right to hold title over a plot of homestead land. Yet most eligible Scheduled Caste (SC) households remain untitled. This article studies a social accountability program that established, trained, and mobilised village-level community-based organisations to assist SC households in obtaining homestead title. The study employs a mixed methods design in which a survey-based field experiment estimates program impact while analysis of data from qualitative fieldwork documents ground-level processes. Results indicate that the program strongly increased land security and access to government entitlements, moderately increased asset ownership and homestead satisfaction, and had a weak positive effect on food security. However, the main impact estimates do not show statistically significant treatment effects on investment in dwellings or homestead -based livelihood activities. The qualitative analysis suggests that a key mechanism by which the program improved entitlement access was enabling target households to circumvent rent-seeking intermediaries. Results contribute to development studies research on social accountability, government service delivery, and land rights.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 45-69
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1762864
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1762864
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wei Jia
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Jia
Author-Name: Ricardo A. López
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo A.
Author-X-Name-Last: López
Title: Foreign Direct Investment, Product Sophistication, and the Demand for Skilled and Unskilled Labor in Chilean Manufacturing
Abstract: 
 This paper uses plant-level data from the manufacturing sector of Chile for the period 1995–2007 to analyse the existence of spillover effects from foreign direct investment (FDI) and the role of product sophistication on the demand for skilled and unskilled labour. We find that the presence of multinational corporations increases the demand for highly skilled labour while it decreases the demand for unskilled labour on firms located in the same industry and region, and also on firms located in the same region but operating in different industries. Those effects are more substantial for firms producing less sophisticated products suggesting that, at least for the case of Chile, lower levels of sophistication can make it easier for local firms to learn from multinational corporations. We also find that the spillover effects are more important for plants that are small in size and for those that do not participate in international markets as either exporters or importers. This paper contributes to the literature by showing that product sophistication can have a significant effect on the magnitude of FDI spillovers on the demand for both skilled and unskilled labour.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 70-87
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1797687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1797687
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sahawal Alidou
Author-X-Name-First: Sahawal
Author-X-Name-Last: Alidou
Title: Beliefs and Investment in Child Human Capital: Case Study from Benin
Abstract: 
 Because of its far-reaching consequences on income, inequality, and welfare, a large economic literature has attempted to uncover the determinants of parental investment in children. So far, most studies in this literature have focused on child characteristics to explain inequalities in parental investment among siblings. As a complement, I investigate whether existing beliefs about child value affect how parents allocate resources among siblings. To test this hypothesis, I use the case of twins which are venerated and worshipped as deities in several parts of Africa. Based on Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Benin, I find a twins preferential treatment in parental investment in child health. As this result survives various robustness checks and competing explanations, I explore its underlying mechanisms and discuss whether it should be interpreted as a behavioural anomaly or as the outcome of a rational cost-benefit calculus. Furthermore, a policy implication of my findings is that sustainable improvement of uptake of preventive health care in sub-Saharan Africa requires an increased attention to belief systems affecting parental investment in child health.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 88-105
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1762860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1762860
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaurav Dhamija
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav
Author-X-Name-Last: Dhamija
Author-Name: Gitanjali Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Gitanjali
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Lasting Impact of Early Life Interventions: Evidence from India’s Integrated Child Development Services
Abstract: 
 In the year 1975, the Indian government initiated the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), the largest national programme in the world targeting long-term nutrition and holistic development of children, to be implemented through the Anganwadi Centres (AWC). Combining differences across villages in the year of AWC construction with birth-year of children, we capture the variation in ‘exposure’ to the programme, to estimate the impact of the ICDS exposure through access to AWCs on later life health outcomes of children. Our findings suggest that a 10–13 year old cohort fully exposed to the scheme during first three years of life has higher height (by 2.3 cm) and weight (by 1 kg) as compared to the same cohort, not exposed to the services in initial three years. The Z score of height-for-age (ZHFA) and Z score of weight-for-age ZWFA, although not statistically significant, seem to increase as well. The average impacts seem to be as high as 0.74 cm and 0.33 kg for an extra year of exposure, for measures of height and weight, respectively. Our findings are robust to changing age cohorts and several specifications. The effects seem to be larger among girls and in poor households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 106-138
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1762861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1762861
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jerg Gutmann
Author-X-Name-First: Jerg
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutmann
Author-Name: Matthias Neuenkirch
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuenkirch
Author-Name: Florian Neumeier
Author-X-Name-First: Florian
Author-X-Name-Last: Neumeier
Title: Sanctioned to Death? The Impact of Economic Sanctions on Life Expectancy and its Gender Gap
Abstract: 
 We empirically analyse the effect of UN and US economic sanctions on life expectancy and its gender gap in target countries. Our sample covers 98 less developed and newly industrialised countries over the period 1977–2012. We employ a matching approach to account for the endogeneity of sanctions. Our results indicate that an average episode of UN sanctions reduces life expectancy by about 1.2–1.4 years. The corresponding decrease of 0.4–0.5 years under US sanctions is significantly smaller. In addition, we find evidence that women are affected more severely by the imposition of sanctions. Sanctions not being ‘gender-blind’ indicates that they disproportionately affect (the life expectancy of) the more vulnerable members of society. We also detect effect heterogeneity, as the reduction in life expectancy accumulates over time and countries with a better political environment are less severely affected by economic sanctions. Finally, we provide some evidence that an increase in child mortality and Cholera deaths as well as a decrease in public spending on health care are transmission channels through which UN sanctions adversely affect life expectancy in the targeted countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 139-162
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1746277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1746277
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pieter Serneels
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Serneels
Author-Name: Stefan Dercon
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dercon
Title: Aspirations, Poverty, and Education. Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates whether aspirations matter for education, which offers a common route out of poverty. We find that mother aspirations are strongly related to the child’s grade achieved at age 18. The relation is nonlinear, suggesting there is a threshold, and depends on caste, household income and the village setting. The coefficients remain large and significant when applying control function estimation, using first born son as instrument. A similar strong relation is observed with learning outcomes, including local language, English and maths test results, and with attending school, but not with attending private education. These results are confirmed for outcomes at age 15. The findings provide direct evidence on the contribution of mother aspirations to children’s education outcomes and point to aspirations as a channel of intergenerational mobility. They suggest that education outcomes can be improved more rapidly by taking aspirations into account when targeting education programmes, and through interventions that shape aspirations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 163-183
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1806242
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1806242
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Machiko Nissanke
Author-X-Name-First: Machiko
Author-X-Name-Last: Nissanke
Author-Name: V N Balasubramanyam
Author-X-Name-First: V N
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam
Title: 50 Years of Asian Development
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 184-191
Issue: 1
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1821949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1821949
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Leigh Anderson
Author-X-Name-First: C. Leigh
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson
Author-Name: Travis W. Reynolds
Author-X-Name-First: Travis W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Reynolds
Author-Name: Pierre Biscaye
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Biscaye
Author-Name: Vedavati Patwardhan
Author-X-Name-First: Vedavati
Author-X-Name-Last: Patwardhan
Author-Name: Carly Schmidt
Author-X-Name-First: Carly
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt
Title: Economic Benefits of Empowering Women in Agriculture: Assumptions and Evidence
Abstract: 
 Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally focus on intervention impacts or outcomes. Less common, however, are reviews of the assumptions and theory underlying the pathways between intervention and outcome. We consider the hypothetical case for interventions to empower female farmers, either by prioritising women for new investments or re-allocating existing resources. Empowerment is defined as increased women’s decision-making authority related to agricultural resources, management and production, and income. We hypothesise two avenues through which productivity or health benefits might arise: (i) eliminating female-male differences in, e.g. input access; or (ii) leveraging gendered risk, time, and social preferences leading women to differentially allocate resources. A review of evidence highlights the extent of support for the baseline, behaviour change, and economic benefit assumptions behind these hypothesised avenues. Findings suggest returns to investing in female farmers could be significant in various contexts but estimates of economic returns to empowering women in agriculture remain limited.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 193-208
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1769071
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1769071
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moritz Schmoll
Author-X-Name-First: Moritz
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmoll
Title: Weak Street-level Enforcement of Tax Laws: The Role of Tax Collectors’ Persistent but Broken Public Service Expectations
Abstract: 
 What drives ineffective tax collection in developing countries? This widespread phenomenon has been explained by weak ‘state capacity’, rent-seeking bureaucrats, or the influence of political elites. More recently, scholars have also emphasised the role of ‘moral economies’, shared notions of what constitutes fair and legitimate taxation that prevent tax collectors from strictly enforcing the law. However, the literature has thus far missed the ways in which shared notions of what constitutes fair work and employment in the tax administration affect collection. Drawing on two years of fieldwork in Egypt, including ethnographic research among street-level tax collectors, the article finds that the simultaneous persistence and disappointment of historical expectations and feelings of entitlement to a white-collar, middle-class job renders tax collectors unwilling to carry out vital enforcement tasks, and further impedes the building of administrative capacity. Furthermore, the administrative leadership’s buying-into such narratives hollows out its capability to incentivise tax collectors to change their ways. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the micro-foundations of governance and state capacity, underscoring the role of normative-ideational factors not only in shaping the willingness of taxpayers to pay taxes, but also of tax collectors to collect them.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 209-225
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1779928
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1779928
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: NEIL McCulloch
Author-X-Name-First: NEIL
Author-X-Name-Last: McCulloch
Author-Name: Tom Moerenhout
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Moerenhout
Author-Name: Joonseok Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Joonseok
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Building a Social Contract? Understanding Tax Morale in Nigeria
Abstract: 
 An important part of every country’s development process is the building of a social contract in which citizens pay tax and, in turn, receive public goods and services. Evidence suggests that this is associated with the establishment of a norm of tax payment and a belief that non-payment is wrong. We exploit a new, nationally representative, dataset to explore which factors are associated with higher tax morale in Nigeria. We find that a perception of higher penalties and greater difficulty avoiding taxes are both associated with higher tax morale. Tax morale is also higher the more people believe that other Nigerians pay taxes, the less frequently they have to pay bribes and the greater the trust they have in tax officials. However, we also find that Nigerians who believe that tax officials discriminate in their treatment of different ethnic, religious and gender groups have higher, not lower, tax morale. And we find no relationship between service delivery and measures of tax morale based on the respondent’s own behaviour, in contrast to the positive association found in the literature using broader measures of tax morale. This suggests that building a social contract based on taxation may be harder than previously thought.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 226-243
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1797688
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1797688
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T.I. Bouwman
Author-X-Name-First: T.I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouwman
Author-Name: J.A. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: J.A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: K.E. Giller
Author-X-Name-First: K.E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Giller
Title: Herbicide Induced Hunger? Conservation Agriculture, Ganyu Labour and Rural Poverty in Central Malawi
Abstract: 
 Herbicide use is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. While herbicides promise improved weed-control, labour savings and even reduced land degradation – they are promoted to enable Conservation Agriculture (CA) adoption – there are concerns about their health and environmental risks. Yet, their socio-economic implications have been largely ignored. We investigated the effects of herbicide use on casual labour relations (ganyu) in Central Malawi using a survey of 275 households. In rural Malawi doing ganyu is the main coping strategy during the hunger season/growing season. We find that where CA promotion incentivised herbicide use, herbicides became common and substituted much in-season ganyu hiring. Consequently, many households were unable to find work and ended up hungry. While herbicides mainly benefited the better-off who could afford them, these benefits occurred at the expense of the poor and food insecure. Agricultural development initiatives should be aware that herbicides are likely to reduce agricultural labour opportunities and rural wages. Where alternative labour opportunities are limited, this may contribute to social differentiation, hunger and the individualisation of poverty. Our study demonstrates the potential hazards of neglecting the social equity implications of technology promotion – a lesson pertinent to the sustainable intensification agenda, including the promotion of CA.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 244-263
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1786062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1786062
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuseppe Maggio
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Maggio
Author-Name: Nicholas J. Sitko
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sitko
Title: Diversification is in the Detail: Accounting for Crop System Heterogeneity to Inform Diversification Policies in Malawi and Zambia
Abstract: 
 Crop diversification is a common agricultural policy objective. However, the determinants and impacts of crop diversification are heterogeneous and depend on a range of crop-specific characteristics. Index-based measurements of crop diversification, common in the agriculture economics literature, are unable to account for this heterogeneity. Using two national panel surveys from Malawi and Zambia, we develop a multinomial treatment effects model to examine the determinants of adopting seven discreet cropping systems and their impacts on maize productivity and crop income stability. The results of this approach are compared to those obtained when using a Gini–Simpsons index. Differences between the two empirical approaches highlight the importance of accounting for cropping system heterogeneity when conducting analyses of crop diversification to inform policy. For example, in Zambia, we show that levels of output market competition have no significant effect on diversification when diversification is measured as an index. However, at a cropping system level increased private trader activity is associated with a reduced probability of adopting subsistence-oriented cropping systems and an increased probability of adopting more productive and commercialised systems.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 264-288
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1769072
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1769072
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthieu Clement
Author-X-Name-First: Matthieu
Author-X-Name-Last: Clement
Author-Name: Lucie Piaser
Author-X-Name-First: Lucie
Author-X-Name-Last: Piaser
Title: Ethnic Diversity, Local Redistribution and Income Inequality: An Empirical Analysis Applied to Mexican Municipalities
Abstract: 
 This article examines the relationship between ethnic diversity, redistributive policies and income inequality in the context of Mexican municipalities. Although we primarily focus on income inequality within municipalities, we are also interested in how ethnic diversity and redistribution affect income disparities between municipalities. This study uses multiple data sets to construct original measures of mean household income, income inequality, ethnolinguistic diversity and redistributive policies at the municipality level. Based on these variables, we carry out several econometric analyses accounting for endogeneity and spatial autocorrelation issues. First, while there is a clear negative impact of ethnic diversity on municipal mean income, the relevance of the redistribution channel in the mediation of this relationship seems to be partially relevant among Mexican municipalities. Second, our empirical investigations emphasise that the impact of ethnic diversity on intra-municipal income inequality depends on the extent of redistributive policies. More precisely, we show that ethnic diversity has a negative effect on inequality among municipalities with low levels of redistribution and that this inequality-reducing effect weakens along with increasing levels of redistribution until reaching a turning point. Our findings call for further research about the main channels through which ethnic diversity may affect redistribution and income inequality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 289-309
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1786060
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1786060
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:2:p:289-309




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lone Badstue
Author-X-Name-First: Lone
Author-X-Name-Last: Badstue
Author-Name: Cathy Rozel Farnworth
Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Rozel
Author-X-Name-Last: Farnworth
Author-Name: Anya Umantseva
Author-X-Name-First: Anya
Author-X-Name-Last: Umantseva
Author-Name: Adelbertus Kamanzi
Author-X-Name-First: Adelbertus
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamanzi
Author-Name: Lara Roeven
Author-X-Name-First: Lara
Author-X-Name-Last: Roeven
Title: Continuity and Change: Performing Gender in Rural Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Tanzanian legislation for women’s rights is a product of decades of indigenous women’s struggles and considered amongst the most progressive in Africa. However, implementation has been problematic and some elements in the current discourse appear to push back against gender equality with an essentialist framing of women and men as naturally different. This paper draws on the perspectives of 144 women and 144 men, in four rural communities in different regions of Tanzania, to build an understanding of how they perceive gender equality, and how their perceptions relate to decision-making, women earning incomes, women as homemakers, and control over assets. Understanding gender as a performance we contextualise our analysis through a historical overview of women’s struggles to secure rights from colonial times to the present day. We find that while local discourse appears to embrace the idea of gender equality, practice remains quite different with the threat of sanctions restricting the scope for re-negotiation of gender. The paper demonstrates how the continuous performance, reproduction and renegotiation of gender takes place as part of everyday life, as women and men seek to secure their personal well-being in a context of limited cultural and economic options.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 310-325
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1790534
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1790534
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melissa Hidrobo
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Hidrobo
Author-Name: Jessica B. Hoel
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoel
Author-Name: Katie Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Katie
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: Efficiency and Status in Polygynous Pastoralist Households
Abstract: 
 Decision-making structures may be different across polygynous and monogamous households, leading to different economic outcomes and requiring different targeting of anti-poverty programmes. We study efficiency in semi-nomadic pastoralist households in Northern Senegal with lab-in-the-field games. We find that monogamous and polygynous families are equally productively inefficient overall. However, average contributions at the household level mask differences across dyads. Junior wives receive less but give more to their husbands than senior wives, leaving junior wives worse off than other household members.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 326-342
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1762863
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1762863
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:2:p:326-342




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chei Bukari
Author-X-Name-First: Chei
Author-X-Name-Last: Bukari
Author-Name: James Atta Peprah
Author-X-Name-First: James Atta
Author-X-Name-Last: Peprah
Author-Name: Rebecca Nana Yaa Ayifah
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Nana Yaa
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayifah
Author-Name: Samuel Kobina Annim
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel Kobina
Author-X-Name-Last: Annim
Title: Effects of Credit ‘Plus’ on Poverty Reduction in Ghana
Abstract: 
 This study examined the relative and joint effects of credit, savings, remittances and micro-insurance on household poverty. Data on 30,527 households obtained from the Ghana Living Standards Survey rounds six (GLSS6) and seven (GLSS 7) were used. Analytical approaches employed were the ordinary least squares, two-stage least squares (2SLS), probit, ordered probit, simultaneous quantile regression (SQR) and the dominance analysis. Results show that, while in general financial products independently contribute to reduction in household poverty, their complementarities (credit, micro-insurance and savings (CIS) have the greatest effects. Remarkably, the SQR and ordered probit estimates show that, while the effect of credit is strongest among those in middle-income households, savings have the greatest poverty reduction effect among those in the lowest quantile and the very poor. This finding is further corroborated by the dominance analysis estimates. Policy wise, if the key objective for policy makers is to reduce poverty, then the greatest impact is through innovative practices such as offering financial products in bundles/packages, while identifying lagging households and promoting financial outreach to these households should be an integral part of Ghana’s anti-poverty programmes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 343-360
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1797689
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1797689
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:2:p:343-360




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hilary Matfess
Author-X-Name-First: Hilary
Author-X-Name-Last: Matfess
Title: East Africa After Liberation Conflict, Security and the State Since the 1980s
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 361-362
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1850021
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1850021
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:2:p:361-362




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Musa Nxele
Author-X-Name-First: Musa
Author-X-Name-Last: Nxele
Title: Deals and Development: The Political Dynamics of Growth Episodes
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 362-363
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1840712
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1840712
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:2:p:362-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Tyce
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyce
Title: Regime Threats and State Solutions: Bureaucratic Loyalty and Embeddedness in Kenya
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 363-364
Issue: 2
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1840713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1840713
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Grover
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Grover
Author-Name: Claudio R. Lucinda
Author-X-Name-First: Claudio R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucinda
Title: An Evaluation of the Policy Response to Drought in the City of São Paulo, Brazil: An Election Cycle Interpretation of Effectiveness
Abstract: 
 Drought can have large, negative impacts on livelihoods and development outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. This highlights the need for drought response policies that can mitigate these impacts. We evaluate the policy response to the 2014–15 drought in Brazil that reduced the supply of water to the largest city in South America, São Paulo, by approximately one-third. Using microdata on household water consumption and a difference-in-difference design, we find that a penalty-based instrument induced household conservation behaviour but that a reward-based instrument did not. We examine why the reward-based instrument, which was both ineffective and expensive, was implemented at all. Our suggested explanation lies in political budget cycle theory. Exploratory tests imply that the reward-based instrument increased the share of votes to the incumbent governor. Penalty-based instruments are the technically effective drought response, but water sector decision makers in developing countries may need to contend with the distortionary effect of electoral cycles to implement them.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 365-382
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1786061
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1786061
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:365-382




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin D. Agbemor
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Agbemor
Author-Name: Sarah L. Smiley
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Smiley
Title: Tensions between Formal and Informal Water Providers: Receptivity toward Mechanised Boreholes in the Sunyani West District, Ghana
Abstract: 
 Sustainable Development Goal 6 seeks universal access to safe water. This is ambitious, especially for developing countries, and meeting it will require reliance on informal water suppliers alongside traditional formal suppliers. We adopt a case study approach to explore water production in Ghana’s Sunyani West District. We observe that privately managed mechanised boreholes have become a major source of water in the district, in terms of the number of people they serve and the fact that they are successful in serving them. However, water users and formal water providers have different perceptions of these boreholes. This tension between formal and informal providers needs to be resolved and one possible way is through formalisation of the informal services. We propose a hybrid model for water governance by the District Authority and argue that this governance arrangement will formalise the operations of the informal mechanised boreholes and reflect the intimate co-production of water between the formal suppliers and the emerging informal providers in the district.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 383-399
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1786059
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1786059
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:383-399




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Belal Fallah
Author-X-Name-First: Belal
Author-X-Name-Last: Fallah
Author-Name: Marcelo Bergolo
Author-X-Name-First: Marcelo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergolo
Author-Name: Iman Saadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Iman
Author-X-Name-Last: Saadeh
Author-Name: Arwa Abu Hashhash
Author-X-Name-First: Arwa
Author-X-Name-Last: Abu Hashhash
Author-Name: Mohamad Hattawy
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamad
Author-X-Name-Last: Hattawy
Title: The Effect of Labour-Demand Shocks on Women’s Participation in the Labor Force: Evidence from Palestine
Abstract: 
 Two interesting facts emerge from the Palestinian labour market. Educational attainment for women swiftly expanded during the 1999–2011 period, but the labour force participation rate for educated women stagnated––disproportionately so for young educated women. We investigate whether changes in labour demand has contributed to women’s sluggish labour force participation. Our empirical analysis used quarterly labour-force data published by Palestine Central Bureau of Statistics between 2005 and 2011. To explore the causal effect of labour demand shocks, we use Bartik instrumental variable approach. Our analysis provides evidence that changes in the labour demand for educated women, rather than improvement in overall demand, affect their labour force participation. This research has important policy implications regarding the economic empowerment of educated women in Palestine suggesting that improvement in overall demand may not benefit educated women and that boosting demand for this specific cohort is what matters.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 400-416
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1806246
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1806246
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephan Klasen
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Klasen
Author-Name: TU THI NGOC Le
Author-X-Name-First: TU THI NGOC
Author-X-Name-Last: Le
Author-Name: Janneke Pieters
Author-X-Name-First: Janneke
Author-X-Name-Last: Pieters
Author-Name: Manuel Santos Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Silva
Title: What Drives Female Labour Force Participation? Comparable Micro-level Evidence from Eight Developing and Emerging Economies
Abstract: 
 We investigate the micro-level determinants of labour force participation of urban married women in eight low- and middle-income economies: Bolivia, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Jordan, South Africa, Tanzania, and Vietnam. In order to understand what drives changes and differences in participation rates since the early 2000s, we build a unified empirical framework that allows for comparative analyses across time and space. We find that the returns to the characteristics of women and their families differ substantially across countries, and this explains most of the between-country differences in participation rates. Overall, the economic, social, and institutional constraints that shape women’s labour force participation remain largely country-specific. Nonetheless, rising education levels and declining fertility consistently increased participation rates, while rising household incomes contributed negatively in relatively poorer countries, suggesting that a substantial share of women work out of economic necessity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 417-442
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1790533
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1790533
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayala Wineman
Author-X-Name-First: Ayala
Author-X-Name-Last: Wineman
Author-Name: Thomas S. Jayne
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayne
Title: Factor Market Activity and the Inverse Farm Size-Productivity Relationship in Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Although the inverse farm size-productivity relationship (IR) is sometimes used to motivate arguments in favour of smallholder-led agricultural development, it remains unclear what drives this relationship. It may be attributed to market imperfections that compel small farms to use land more intensively than large farms. Using a three-wave longitudinal household survey from Tanzania, we examine whether the intensity of the IR is related to local factor market activity for land, labour, credit, and animal and machine traction. The IR holds in Tanzania when family labour is either not counted or valued at its shadow cost, though it disappears when family labour is valued at the prevailing local agricultural wage rate. Moreover, the IR is significantly weakened in regions with relatively active agricultural factor markets, such as for land and mechanization services. This suggests that the IR is at least partly driven by imperfections in rural factor markets. As household participation in agricultural factor markets continues to rise, the IR may be expected to weaken or even reverse.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 443-464
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1797686
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1797686
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:443-464




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Schotte
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Schotte
Title: The Anxious and the Climbers: Ambivalent Attitudes towards Democracy among South Africa’s Middle Class
Abstract: 
 Albeit middle-class citizens have generally been assumed to support democracy, studies investigating this class’s political attitudes using survey data have produced mixed results. This paper argues that one reason for these ambiguities is that the middle class may not be a homogenous group. Specifically, I explore how diverging perceptions of social mobility tend to condition political attitudes towards democracy within different social strata, particularly within the middle class. Drawing upon data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey, the article finds no strong evidence of any middle-class particularism in people’s opinions about democracy. Rather, the main difference in democratic attitudes and civic values is detected between those persistently locked in poverty and the rest of the population. Interestingly, the upwardly mobile ‘escapers’ and the ‘climbers’ show significantly higher levels of trust in public institutions and tend to display higher beliefs in voting as an effective tool to influence politics compared to both the persistently poor and the ‘anxious’ middle class, between whom no significant difference is found. These empirical findings demonstrate the limits to understanding people’s political attitudes in relation to their current standard of living alone.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 465-483
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1802007
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1802007
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dereje Regasa
Author-X-Name-First: Dereje
Author-X-Name-Last: Regasa
Author-Name: David Fielding
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Fielding
Author-Name: Helen Roberts
Author-X-Name-First: Helen
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts
Title: Contestable Credit Markets and Household Welfare: Panel Data Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the impact of credit constraints on household welfare in Ethiopia. We use a three-wave panel dataset for rural and small-town households to estimate the effects of household borrowing constraints on two alternative indicators of household welfare: consumption expenditure and asset ownership. The presence of a constraint is treated as an endogenous regressor, using an instrumental variable based on Baumol’s theory of contestable markets. We find that credit constraints have a significantly negative effect on both outcomes. These results are robust to several alternative specifications of the model.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 484-501
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826447
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1826447
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:484-501




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anaka Aiyar
Author-X-Name-First: Anaka
Author-X-Name-Last: Aiyar
Title: Unintended Spillovers of Targeted Health Insurance on Intra-household Resource Allocations
Abstract: 
 The last three decades have seen an increase in the number of targeted health insurance programmes being implemented in developing countries. However, little is known about their intra-household impacts on household members who are not the intended beneficiaries. Using variation introduced by a universal health insurance programme targeted to children below the age of six in Vietnam, I assess the programme’s impacts on expenditures and labour supply of ineligible children. I find that beneficiary households decrease spending on health and education and decrease leisure time for ineligible children relative to non-beneficiary households after the programme is introduced. These results provide new evidence to the intra-household literature on unintended impacts of targeted programmes on resource allocations for children who are not eligible. They also call to attention, the need for concurrent interventions for older children when implementing early life health interventions in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 502-518
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1806243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1806243
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:502-518




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tianyang Song
Author-X-Name-First: Tianyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Samuel Brazys
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Brazys
Author-Name: Krishna Chaitanya Vadlamannati
Author-X-Name-First: Krishna Chaitanya
Author-X-Name-Last: Vadlamannati
Title: Which Wheel Gets the Grease? Constituent Agency and Sub-national World Bank Aid Allocation
Abstract: 
 Questions of aid allocation have long focused on discerning the motivation of development donors. Less attention has been paid to the interests and agency of recipient state governments and even less to the interests and agency of constituencies within those states. An implicit assumption is often that the ‘poor’ either passively receive the patronage of their benefactors or they don’t. In this paper, we instead suggest that depending on the motivation of a donor, their sensitivity to needy subnational constituencies in aid allocation also depends on the political empowerment of those groups. In particular, we take advantage of the unique socio-cultural structure in India to examine if the political agency of scheduled castes and tribes (SC/STs) can explain patterns of district-level allocation of World Bank education aid. Using district-level data on a multi-year World Bank education program, district-level proportions of SC/ST population and of members of parliament we identify poor, but empowered, constituencies. We find that SC/ST districts receive more aid, even when controlling for baseline poverty and educational performance, but that these results are strongest when these districts are politically empowered. Our findings suggest that while donors may indeed respond to recipient needs, those recipients who also speak loudly for themselves fare better, highlighting the importance of constituent agency.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 519-533
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1806247
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1806247
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:519-533




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armando Barrientos
Author-X-Name-First: Armando
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrientos
Title: Uneven Social Policies: The Politics of Subnational Variation in Latin America
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 534-535
Issue: 3
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1857959
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1857959
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:3:p:534-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aslihan Arslan
Author-X-Name-First: Aslihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslan
Author-Name: David L. Tschirley
Author-X-Name-First: David L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tschirley
Author-Name: Constanza Di Nucci
Author-X-Name-First: Constanza
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Nucci
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Youth Inclusion in Rural Transformation
Abstract: 
 The increasing numbers of rural youth in developing countries and their perceived disenchantment with the society and economy have raised policy concerns across the developed and developing world. Youth (ages 15 to 24) make up one in five people in developing countries, and one in eight in the developed world. Of the 1.2 billion youth in the world, nearly 1 billion reside in developing countries, and their numbers are growing far more rapidly than in higher-income countries. Despite the increasing number of institutional publications on youth issues, rigorous research to put these numbers into perspective and to shed light into their challenges and opportunities in economic, political and civic participation to guide their inclusion in rural transformation is remarkably limited. This special section brings together five papers that make use of the most up to date and comprehensive data sets and analyses on rural youth to address these research gaps. They provide an overall understanding of the contexts (economic sectors, spatial distributions, welfare outcomes, gendered differences, and civic participation) in which rural youth live and work, and expand the nascent literature that can support the design and targeting of policies to ensure rural youth inclusion in rural transformation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 537-543
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808199
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1808199
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:4:p:537-543




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aslihan Arslan
Author-X-Name-First: Aslihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslan
Author-Name: David E. Tschirley
Author-X-Name-First: David E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tschirley
Author-Name: Eva-Maria Egger
Author-X-Name-First: Eva-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Egger
Title: Rural Youth Welfare along the Rural-urban Gradient: An Empirical Analysis across the Developing World
Abstract: 
 We use survey data on 170,000 households from Asia, Latin America and Africa, global geo-spatial data, and an economic geography framework to highlight five findings about rural youth in developing countries. First, the youth share in population is falling rapidly, and youth numbers are stable or falling slowly everywhere, except in Africa. In Africa, youth share is rising very slowly, but numbers are set to double in 40 years. Second, large majorities of rural youth live in spaces that are not inherently limiting: two-thirds live in zones with highest agricultural potential, and one-quarter combine this with highest commercialisation potential. The 4% that do live in inherently challenging spaces are concentrated in pockets of persistent poverty in middle-income countries. Third, rural spaces’ commercial potential has large impacts on welfare outcomes, but their agricultural potential has no detectable impact. Fourth, households with young members face income- and poverty ‘penalties’ in all regions and spaces within them, compared to households without young members. The poverty penalty declines sharply over space as commercial potential rises, but the income penalty shows ambiguous patterns. Fifth, households with young members earn lower relative returns to education, with varying patterns over space.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 544-570
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808197
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1808197
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Dolislager
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolislager
Author-Name: Thomas Reardon
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Reardon
Author-Name: Aslihan Arslan
Author-X-Name-First: Aslihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslan
Author-Name: Louise Fox
Author-X-Name-First: Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Fox
Author-Name: Saweda Liverpool-Tasie
Author-X-Name-First: Saweda
Author-X-Name-Last: Liverpool-Tasie
Author-Name: Christine Sauer
Author-X-Name-First: Christine
Author-X-Name-Last: Sauer
Author-Name: David L. Tschirley
Author-X-Name-First: David L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tschirley
Title: Youth and Adult Agrifood System Employment in Developing Regions: Rural (Peri-urban to Hinterland) vs. Urban
Abstract: 
 Using a unique dataset covering 178,794 households with 460,654 individuals spanning Africa, Asia, and Latin America, we explore employment of youths across rural zones (peri-urban, intermediate, hinterland) and urban areas. Using full-time equivalents (FTEs), we compare own-farming versus farm-wage labour, and nonfarm wage- and self-employment. Nonfarm includes: (a) agrifood system (AFS) jobs post-farmgate, in food processing, wholesale, logistics, retail, and food service; (b) non-AFS. Key findings are noted in order by Africa, Asia, and Latin America (whose youth employment rates are 61%, 39%, and 48%). (1) AFS shares in FTEs of employed rural youths are substantial (21%, 21%, and 23%). Wage employment share of AFS is lower in Africa (25%) versus Asia and Latin America (75%). (2) Own-farming in FTEs of employed rural youths are higher in Africa (51%, 19%, and 12%). The share for adults in Africa is 36%. Regressions show youths’ being in school does not reduce employment in own-farming (they are compatible), but reduces nonfarm labour. (3) Farm-wage employment shares in FTEs are small (4%, 13%, and 16%). (4) Regressions show that rural youths’ being in a peri-urban area sharply increases AFS and non-AFS employment compared with hinterland youths who depend more on own-farming.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 571-593
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1808198
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kibrom A. Abay
Author-X-Name-First: Kibrom A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abay
Author-Name: Woinishet Asnake
Author-X-Name-First: Woinishet
Author-X-Name-Last: Asnake
Author-Name: Hailemariam Ayalew
Author-X-Name-First: Hailemariam
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayalew
Author-Name: Jordan Chamberlin
Author-X-Name-First: Jordan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamberlin
Author-Name: James Sumberg
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Sumberg
Title: Landscapes of opportunity: patterns of young people’s engagement with the rural economy in sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 While much has been said in recent years about the importance of engaging rural youth in sub-Saharan Africa’s development, the factual data about how African youth currently engage in rural economies remain sparse. We use recent nationally representative household survey data from six countries to describe the patterns of such engagement. We find that young people participate in agriculture at similar rates to older people. However, participation in non-farm wage employment and business activity changes with age, peaking in the 30s. The likelihood of reporting no activity is greatest for people in their 20s. In more remote places, people leave school earlier and are less likely to engage in the non-farm sector, compared with people in more accessible places. We also find evidence that the non-farm economy is more diversified in relatively more accessible places, offering a larger set of options for economic engagement. We show that ‘landscapes of opportunity’ , defined by economic remoteness and agricultural potential, are an important way of assessing the choices available to young rural people. A key conclusion is that efforts to develop a ‘youth lens’ for rural development should not abandon the mainstays of rural investment strategies such as infrastructure, education, and agricultural R&D.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 594-613
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1808195
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Heckert
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Heckert
Author-Name: Audrey Pereira
Author-X-Name-First: Audrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira
Author-Name: Cheryl Doss
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl
Author-X-Name-Last: Doss
Author-Name: Emily C. Myers
Author-X-Name-First: Emily C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Myers
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing
Title: Structural Transformation and Gendered Transitions to Adulthood among Rural Youth: Cross-National Evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Abstract: 
 Using frameworks on gendered transitions to adulthood, we analyse nationally-representative, sex-disaggregated data from 36 countries to examine how structural transformation (share of GDP from non-agriculture) and rural transformation (agricultural value added per worker) are associated with landownership, labour force participation, and sector of employment for rural young women and men. Transformation has different implications for young men’s and women’s transition to adulthood. Higher levels of structural transformation are associated with a higher likelihood of landownership for young men, but not young women. Structural transformation is associated with lower employment of young rural men and women alike but is positively associated with on-farm employment of young women. Rural transformation is associated with a higher probability of employment for young rural men, but not women. Instead, rural transformation is negatively associated with young women’s on-farm work and positively associated with not being in education, employment, or training. Whereas domestic responsibilities affect young women’s livelihoods more than young men’s, recognising the importance of both productive and reproductive roles in young women’s and men’s lives is needed to support the transition to adulthood at different levels of structural and rural transformation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 614-634
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1808196
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolina Trivelli
Author-X-Name-First: Carolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Trivelli
Author-Name: Jorge Morel
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge
Author-X-Name-Last: Morel
Title: Rural Youth Inclusion, Empowerment, and Participation
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on participation in decision-making processes and how rural youth could benefit from its use in development projects and initiatives. General literature and relevant international experiences related to participation mechanisms aimed at youth show that participation boosts interventions linked to improvements of young people’s livelihoods and developmental opportunities. However, participation mechanisms are less explored (and used) in rural settings: we know little of the effectivity of rural participation, even less so for youth, in developing countries. Based on the review of 54 documented cases about participation of rural youth in developing countries, we conclude that participation mechanisms towards rural youth can produce substantial results to enhance the development and social inclusion opportunities through three channels. First, collecting rural youth´s opinions around issues relevant to them through platforms that are sensible to the challenges they face to participate. Second, capitalising rural youth and their organisations, improving their financial assets but also working in character skills and intergenerational partnerships that let them break the status quo. Third, articulating youth with new institutions, organisations, and territories through new links supported by diversification of the urban-rural continuum and new information technologies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 635-649
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1808194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1808194
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mercedes Campi
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Campi
Author-Name: Alessandro Nuvolari
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Nuvolari
Title: Intellectual Property Rights and Agricultural Development: Evidence from a Worldwide Index of IPRs in Agriculture (1961-2018)
Abstract: 
 This paper revises and updates the Campi-Nuvolari index of intellectual property protection for plant varieties. The new index provides yearly scores for the period 1961–2018 for 104 countries, which have legislation on plant variety protection in force. The new evidence highlights the ongoing shift towards more similar and stronger systems of intellectual property rights (IPRs) worldwide, regardless of individual characteristics of countries. The signing of the TRIPS and trade agreements with TRIPS-Plus provisions are major drivers of this process. In addition, certain characteristics of countries such as the regulatory environment, the level of human capital, the importance of agricultural production, and openness to trade, are also significant determinants of the evolution of IPRs systems. We conclude by discussing other possible applications of the data.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 650-668
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1817395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1817395
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda Steinhübel
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinhübel
Author-Name: Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: von Cramon-Taubadel
Title: Somewhere in between Towns, Markets and Jobs – Agricultural Intensification in the Rural–Urban Interface
Abstract: 
 We propose a flexible conceptual and methodological framework to model the dynamics of agricultural intensification in the rural–urban interfaces of large cities. We focus particularly on the effects of polycentric urbanisation patterns and trade-offs between agricultural intensification and off-farm employment. In our conceptual framework – modelling household decision-making based on utility maximisation – we show that agricultural intensification in the rural–urban interface is likely to exhibit non-linear and complex spatial patterns due to location-dependent variation in output prices and wage rates. This is confirmed by our empirical analysis of a primary data set of 638 smallholder farms in the rural–urban interface of Bangalore. Applying Structured Additive Regression (STAR) techniques, we model two-dimensional urbanisation effects using household and village coordinates. Results imply that proximity to secondary towns and road infrastructure is the primary channel of urbanisation effects on the uptake of modern agricultural inputs. Furthermore, proximity to the large urban centre of Bangalore appears to increase the opportunity costs of agricultural intensification through improved access to off-farm labour opportunities. Overall, we show that patterns of agricultural intensification around urban centres are not necessarily radially symmetric.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 669-694
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1806244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1806244
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naveen Bharathi
Author-X-Name-First: Naveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Bharathi
Author-Name: Deepak Malghan
Author-X-Name-First: Deepak
Author-X-Name-Last: Malghan
Author-Name: Sumit Mishra
Author-X-Name-First: Sumit
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra
Author-Name: Andaleeb Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Andaleeb
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Title: Diversity Deficit and Scale-Flip
Abstract: 
 We present a comprehensive multi-scale test of the diversity-deficit hypothesis that posits a negative association between diversity and development. We develop a ‘scale-flip hypothesis’ that formalises how the political salience of diversity is contingent on the level of analysis. We also contribute to the political economy of public goods literature using the largest dataset used to date – n ≈ 1.2 million village-year points from a two-period panel of all villages in the Indian national census data. We find evidence for ‘scale-flip’ so that there is a robust positive association between diversity and public goods at the local level.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 695-713
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1802011
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1802011
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ane Karoline Bak
Author-X-Name-First: Ane Karoline
Author-X-Name-Last: Bak
Author-Name: Matilde Jeppesen
Author-X-Name-First: Matilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeppesen
Author-Name: Anne Mette Kjær
Author-X-Name-First: Anne Mette
Author-X-Name-Last: Kjær
Author-Name: Marianne S. Ulriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulriksen
Title: Norms in the Wild: How to Diagnose, Measure, and Change Social Norms
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 714-715
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1859783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1859783
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:4:p:714-715




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georges Quist
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Quist
Title: The Future of National Development Banks
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 715-717
Issue: 4
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1860576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1860576
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:4:p:715-717




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Pincock
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Pincock
Author-Name: Alexander Betts
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Betts
Author-Name: Evan Easton-Calabria
Author-X-Name-First: Evan
Author-X-Name-Last: Easton-Calabria
Title: The Rhetoric and Reality of Localisation: Refugee-Led Organisations in Humanitarian Governance
Abstract: 
 When refugees flee war and persecution, protection and assistance are usually provided by United Nations organisations and their NGO implementing partners. In parallel is a largely neglected story: refugees themselves frequently mobilise to provide protection and assistance to other refugees. At a global level, there has been a shift in international policy rhetoric towards ‘localisation’ and inclusion of refugees, which potentially provides an opportunity to engage with refugee-led community organisations (RLOs). However, RLOs rarely receive access to international recognition or funding despite often being regarded by refugees as an important source of assistance.In this paper we draw upon ethnographic research on the interactions between international institutions and RLOs in Kampala, Uganda, to explore how ‘localisation’ unfolds in practice within humanitarian governance. In the absence of a clear policy framework for localisation at the global level, national level representatives have considerable discretion in whether and how they partner with RLOs, leading largely to their exclusion – and the development of alternative support strategies by RLOs. We suggest that an effective localisation agenda will require much more attention to the role of power and interests at the local level if RLOs are to be engaged as meaningful actors in humanitarian assistance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 719-734
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1802010
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1802010
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeffrey T. Bookwalter
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bookwalter
Author-Name: Douglas R. Dalenberg
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dalenberg
Author-Name: Benjamin Fitch-Fleischmann
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitch-Fleischmann
Title: Racially Inclusive Governance Makes (Almost) Everyone Happier: The End of Apartheid as Evidence for Procedural Utility
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of a large social regime change on well-being independently from the change’s direct impact on observable outcomes. While individuals get utility from outcomes, they may also get ‘procedural’ utility from the processes by which outcomes arise. We apply a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition to models of life satisfaction before and after the end of apartheid. The results suggest that the increase in life satisfaction seen in South Africa following apartheid’s end should not be attributed to improvements in socioeconomic outcomes, but to changes in the well-being derived from given levels of these outcomes. This suggests that processes and institutions have important impacts on life-satisfaction independently from their direct influence on outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 735-749
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1826444
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayush Agrawal
Author-X-Name-First: Ayush
Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal
Author-Name: Chitwan Lalji
Author-X-Name-First: Chitwan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lalji
Author-Name: Debayan Pakrashi
Author-X-Name-First: Debayan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pakrashi
Title: He Has Gone to a Better Place, but She Has Not: Health Status of Hindu Widows in India
Abstract: 
 Using detailed individual and household-level data from the first two rounds of the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) conducted in 2004–05 and 2011–12, this paper estimates the health gap that exists between married and widowed women from Hindu households. We use the most commonly used anthropometric indicators of nutritional status in adults – body mass index and incidence of underweight – to estimate and decompose the gap in health outcomes that exists between these two groups of women. The overall results presented in this paper suggest that widows from Hindu households have significantly lower body mass index and higher incidence of underweight compared to their married counterparts and also experience high levels of discrimination. Access to various government welfare schemes and increased autonomy, however, is found to offset the detrimental health effects of widowhood to a large extent.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 750-771
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1802008
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1802008
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masao Kikuchi
Author-X-Name-First: Masao
Author-X-Name-Last: Kikuchi
Author-Name: Yukichi Mano
Author-X-Name-First: Yukichi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mano
Author-Name: Timothy N. Njagi
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Njagi
Author-Name: Douglas Merrey
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrey
Author-Name: Keijiro Otsuka
Author-X-Name-First: Keijiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka
Title: Economic Viability of Large-scale Irrigation Construction in Sub-Saharan Africa: What if Mwea Irrigation Scheme Were Constructed as a Brand-new Scheme?
Abstract: 
 During the past decade, investments in large-scale irrigation development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have come back. Given past experiences, this revival is controversial. This paper examines whether large-scale irrigation construction in SSA is economically viable by estimating how much it would cost if the Mwea Irrigation Scheme in Kenya, one of the best performing irrigation schemes in SSA, were to be constructed today. The results show that constructing the Mwea Scheme today may be economically viable if the shadow price of rice is as high as the world price that prevailed during the mini-rice crisis in 2008–2013; however, the viability is marginal, not robust. There is certainly untapped physical potential in SSA for large-scale irrigation development, but the economically viable potential remains limited. International donor agencies and national governments wanting to construct large-scale irrigation projects are recommended to assess seriously whether their plan is economically profitable.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 772-789
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1826443
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masahiro Shoji
Author-X-Name-First: Masahiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Shoji
Author-Name: Akira Murata
Author-X-Name-First: Akira
Author-X-Name-Last: Murata
Title: Social Capital Encourages Disaster Evacuation: Evidence from a Cyclone in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 An essential responsibility of a government is to reduce disaster mortality of citizens by encouraging prompt evacuation. Previous studies document that social capital plays a multifaceted role in facilitating or aggravating evacuation decisions; however, rigorous empirical evidence from developing countries is scarce. Using unique survey data collected from cyclone-affected households in Bangladesh, we examine the association between social capital and the decision to evacuate. We find that those with higher bonding social capital are more likely to evacuate, and the effect is even larger among religious minorities. By conducting a sensitivity test, we confirm that it is implausible to explain these results by unobserved socio-economic status or cyclone damage. We also disentangle five potential mechanisms for the positive effect and demonstrate that it is mainly driven by a reduction in the perceived risk of theft during evacuation. This suggests that bonding social capital compensates for the lack of a well-functioning law enforcement system, contributing to our understanding of the interactive roles of communities and institutions during natural disaster.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 790-806
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1806245
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1806245
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:5:p:790-806




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lourenço S. Paz
Author-X-Name-First: Lourenço S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Paz
Author-Name: John Ssozi
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Ssozi
Title: The Effects of Chinese Imports on Female Workers in the Brazilian Manufacturing Sector
Abstract: 
 This study uses the Becker’s (1957) taste-based discrimination model to analyse the effects of import penetration from China and from the Rest of the World (ROW) on the share of female workers and on the male-female wage gap in the manufacturing sector of Brazil. Using 2000-2012 data from the Brazilian Censuses and Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, this paper finds no effect of the industry-level exports share on these outcomes. The Chinese import penetration increased the female share and narrowed the male-female wage gap except for college educated workers. The ROW import penetration raised the female share among workers with college degrees, but widened the wage gap except for those with college degrees. These effects were modified with the implementation of the Nova Matriz Econômica (NME) policy in 2008. During the post-NME regime, Chinese import penetration reduced the female share across all workers’ groups, while the negative effects of ROW increased on the female share of all groups and on the wage gap in the unskilled-labour intensive industries except for the workers with college degrees. Hence, the effects of the heightened trade-induced competition on workers’ discrimination depends on the type and source of imports, the education of workers, and the domestic policies, specifically on wages and sectoral subsidies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 807-823
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1817391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1817391
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jayanta Sarkar
Author-X-Name-First: Jayanta
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarkar
Title: Occupational Variation in Quantity–Quality Trade-off in a Brawn-Based Economy
Abstract: 
 The paper revisits the theory of the quantity–quality trade-off and demonstrates that the relationship between quantity and health of children is subject to occupational variation in physical energy requirements. It embeds, in a simple household optimisation model, a minimum consumption requirement that rises with physical work intensity of occupation. Occupational differences in minimum consumption requirement generates variation in child nutritional status – the shadow price of quantity, which in turn generates varying quantity–quality relationships. The model yields an equilibrium relationship between the number and nutritional status of children that is positive for households in strenuous occupations and ambiguous for other households. A numerical example using a calibrated model illustrates that these trade-offs are consistent with the phenomenon of intergenerational persistence of nutritional status. These new insights into the nature of the quantity-quality trade-off help reconcile some inconsistent empirical findings on such trade-offs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 824-841
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1817392
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1817392
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaobing Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zhouhang Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Zhouhang
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Author-Name: Shi Min
Author-X-Name-First: Shi
Author-X-Name-Last: Min
Author-Name: Scott Rozelle
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle
Title: School Quality and Peer Effects: Explaining Differences in Academic Performance between China’s Migrant and Rural Students
Abstract: 
 In China, parents have a choice to either send their children to private migrant schools in urban areas or to keep them in their own county. It is unclear whether the academic differences of students in rural schools and those in private migrant schools is due to the quality of schools, the quality of students/peers, or the ways that peer effects interact with the quality of the school. Using survey data from students with rural residency who attended either migrant schools or rural public schools, we measure how differences in the quality of the types of schools and how the effect of peers differs in high- versus low-quality schools. An instrumental variable approach is used to identify the causality of a student’s peers on his or her academic outcomes and within the context of each of the school venues. The gap in student academic performance is explained by the differences in each student’s peers as and in how peers interact in the schooling environments. The analysis also demonstrates that there is a significant interaction effect between one’s peers and the quality of a student’s school environment. We found that school quality has a complementary effect with peers on student academic performance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 842-858
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1769074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1769074
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juvaria Jafri
Author-X-Name-First: Juvaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Jafri
Title: The Political Economy of Bank Regulation in Developing Countries: Risk and Reputation
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 859-860
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1866246
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1866246
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miriam Driessen
Author-X-Name-First: Miriam
Author-X-Name-Last: Driessen
Title: Shaping the Future of Power: Knowledge Production and Network-Building in China-Africa Relations
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 860-861
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1889174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1889174
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: https//doiorg/1010800022038820201845028-https//doiorg/1010800022038820201845028
Issue: 5
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1845028
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1845028
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariane Santos Françoso
Author-X-Name-First: Mariane
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Françoso
Author-Name: Beni Trojbicz
Author-X-Name-First: Beni
Author-X-Name-Last: Trojbicz
Author-Name: Patrícia Alencar Silva Mello
Author-X-Name-First: Patrícia
Author-X-Name-Last: Alencar Silva Mello
Author-Name: Celio Hiratuka
Author-X-Name-First: Celio
Author-X-Name-Last: Hiratuka
Title: Incorporating Aspects of Institutionalist Theory into GPN Analysis: The Case of Brazilian Oil
Abstract: 
 The analytical tools provided by the global production network (GPN) approach may not be equal to the complexity of the strategic coupling process, as they fail to address the extra-GPN forces involved, such as temporary coalitions and geopolitics. With this in mind, the analytical framework proposed here incorporated variables from historical institutionalism (HI) into the GPN analysis, which was then applied (using documentary analysis and interviews) to the specific case of Brazil’s coupling to the oil GPN. That analysis revealed that incorporating elements from historical institutionalism into the GPN framework enriched the latter by expanding its ability to explain the strategic coupling process beyond the lead-firm-centred analysis. In the Brazilian case, it could be seen how extra-GPN forces, such as ideas and international position, played a key role in the strategic coupling process.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1001-1015
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1802009
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1802009
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees 2020
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1058-1061
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1928376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1928376
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Surinder S. Jodhka
Author-X-Name-First: Surinder S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jodhka
Title: The Caste of Merit: Engineering Education in India
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1056-1057
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1896347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1896347
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Indrajit Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Indrajit
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: Class Coalitions and Social Protection: The Labouring Classes and the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in Eastern India
Abstract: 
 Dramatic differences in the quality of human life are a prominent feature of today’s world. Poverty and inequality mutilate the life chances of millions around the globe, notwithstanding otherwise impressive economic achievements. To offset the challenges posed by the persistence and production of poverty and inequality, many governments and international development agencies have begun to formulate and implement agendas for social protection. Nevertheless, even as governments institute social protection programmes to ameliorate human misery, the outcomes of such initiatives remain vastly varied. Understanding the factors for such variations assumes urgent relevance. What explains such variations? In this paper, I contribute to the growing body of scholarship that seeks to reignite interest in class politics as shaping the implementation of social protections. I build on and develop a discussion of politics that takes seriously class politics, especially the ensemble of collaborations and competitions between classes. I nuance existing perspectives on class politics by emphasising the importance of both collaboration as well as conflict between social classes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 863-881
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1826446
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asif Reza Anik
Author-X-Name-First: Asif Reza
Author-X-Name-Last: Anik
Author-Name: Sanzidur Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Sanzidur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Title: Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture: Level, Inequality, Progress, and Impact on Productivity and Efficiency
Abstract: 
 This paper examines level, inequality, and change in women’s empowerment in agriculture and its impact on crop productivity and efficiency using a nationally representative Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) of 5,780 and 6,195 households from the same villages in Bangladesh in 2012 and 2015 conducted by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Results reveal that although women’s empowerment score increased significantly from 0.64 to 0.73 between 2012 to 2015, only the top 40 per cent of households have an adequate level of women’s empowerment in agriculture, that is, scored above the threshold level of 0.80. The gender-gap in empowerment also reduced significantly from 0.23 to 0.20 during the same period. Female labour input significantly increases productivity. Both women’s empowerment in agriculture and a reduction in the gender-gap in empowerment significantly increase production efficiency as expected. Efficiency is significantly lower in the Feed the Future Zone. However, female labour use and female education significantly reduce efficiency although the effects are relatively small. The findings argue for policies specifically targeting women to enhance women’s empowerment in agriculture and reduce the gender-gap in empowerment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 930-948
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1817393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1817393
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer Golan
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Golan
Author-Name: Jing You
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: You
Title: Raising Aspirations of Boys and Girls through Role Models: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Abstract: 
 We analyse gender differences in children’s aspirations and academic beliefs that affect their academic potential. We use administrative data on the test scores of a primary school in rural China and a novel survey instrument in the evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of a role-model intervention. Our intervention increases Chinese test scores by 0.116 standard deviations, which is driven by boys’ 0.33–0.35 standard-deviation performance boost that persists into 1 year after the treatment. Girls only experience a short-term increase in performance within a week after the treatment. The impact of the treatment is especially pronounced for children starting with low aspiration, self-efficacy, or cognitive ability. While there is no average impact on Mathematics test scores, we find that boys holding traditional gender attitudes and having a high self-efficacy, and girls of high self-efficacy and aspirations, perform better in response to the treatment. Aspirations, confidence, and gender attitudes account for parts of our findings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 949-979
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1826445
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Els Lecoutere
Author-X-Name-First: Els
Author-X-Name-Last: Lecoutere
Author-Name: Eva Wuyts
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuyts
Title: Confronting the Wall of Patriarchy: Does Participatory Intrahousehold Decision Making Empower Women in Agricultural Households?
Abstract: 
 This mixed methods study investigates the impact of introducing participatory intrahousehold decision making in Ugandan agricultural households on multiple dimensions of women’s empowerment, including more subjective aspects of sense of agency and achievements by examining how impact aligns with women’s perceptions of the process, meaning and value of their empowerment. Participatory intrahousehold decision making is expected to empower women through increasing their voice and decision-making power and reducing collective action problems within households, which compromise efficiency and equitable sharing of costs and benefits of household farming. Couple seminars raising awareness about participatory intrahousehold decision making promoted women’s involvement in strategic farm and household decisions, highly aspired and valued by women to actively contribute to their households’ welfare. This may facilitate the pathway to empowerment where women have some leeway to participate in strategic household affairs. Couple seminars made improvement in household welfare more likely. This is an achievement in itself with great meaning to women as it answers to their priorities and sense of agency. Introducing participatory intrahousehold decision making by an additional intensive coaching of couples contributed to women’s priority of enhanced access to household coffee income, only feasible in the pathway with room for participation in household affairs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 882-905
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1849620
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1849620
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lindsay Whitfield
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield
Author-Name: Cornelia Staritz
Author-X-Name-First: Cornelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Staritz
Title: The Learning Trap in Late Industrialisation: Local Firms and Capability Building in Ethiopia’s Apparel Export Industry
Abstract: 
 Local firms in new supplier countries face major challenges in entering manufacturing global value chains (GVCs) in the context of increased competition and requirements. To understand these challenges, we argue for the importance of looking more closely at local firm capability building, which is a costly and uncertain process and in the early stage of industrialisation was historically facilitated by industrial policy and leveraging foreign knowledge. This article examines the opportunities and constraints that Ethiopian-owned firms faced in building capabilities to enter apparel GVCs, using a survey designed to measure firms’ capabilities and firm histories to understand learning paths. We find that local export firms had a large capability gap between their existing capabilities and what is required to enter apparel GVCs, leading to high learning costs and risks, while the profit margins were very low, and there were limited learning channels. Industrial policy evolved taking into account these constraints, but faced challenges in providing learning channels for local firms in the context of a weak manufacturing class and hyper-competitive apparel GVCs. This resulted in a learning trap where local firms do not even try to enter manufacturing GVCs, or enter but fail to remain.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 980-1000
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1841169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1841169
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Akter
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Akter
Author-Name: Andrew Francis-Tan
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Francis-Tan
Title: Partners or Rivals? Exploring the Relationship between Men’s and Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 The aim of this study is to investigate the statistical relationship between husbands’ empowerment and wives’ empowerment. Using panel data from Bangladesh that include over 4,000 husband-wife pairs, we regress husband’s empowerment on wife’s empowerment and a set of covariates. We use a domain-based framework, similar to the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index, to capture the multidimensional nature of empowerment. The findings reveal that the interplay between spouses’ empowerment varies across domains. Husbands and wives act as partners with regard to community influence and daily workload adequacy. Yet, they act as rivals with regard to input in productive decisions and ownership of assets. Additionally, we identify variables that are consistently associated with husbands’ and wives’ empowerment. For wives, their income and employment are positive correlates of empowerment. For husbands, their wives’ employment is a negative correlate, whereas household wealth is a positive correlate. Notably, the results also suggest that the gender asset gap rises with household wealth.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 906-929
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826448
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1826448
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marion Ouma
Author-X-Name-First: Marion
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma
Title: The Politics of Social Protection in Eastern and Southern Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1053-1054
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1889810
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1889810
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mauricio Romero
Author-X-Name-First: Mauricio
Author-X-Name-Last: Romero
Author-Name: Santiago Saavedra
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Saavedra
Title: Communal Property Rights and Deforestation
Abstract: 
 Almost a third of the world’s forest area is communally managed. In principle, this arrangement could lead to a ‘tragedy of the commons’ and therefore more deforestation. But it may be easier to monitor outsiders’ deforestation of land owned by a community rather than an individual. We present a theoretical framework to examine these trade-offs and empirically study the effect of communal titling on deforestation in Colombia. Our empirical approach uses a differences-in-discontinuities strategy that compares areas just outside and inside a title, before and after titling. We find that deforestation decreased in communal areas after titling, especially in small communities, which is consistent with the model’s predictions. We also find evidence of positive spillovers: titling reduced deforestation in nearby areas outside the title (and thus our estimates are a lower bound of the total effects of communal titling on deforestation).
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1038-1052
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1817394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1817394
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuno Ornelas Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Ornelas
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Title: Wellbeing Economics: How and Why Economics Needs to Change
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1054-1056
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1892083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1892083
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis E. Arango
Author-X-Name-First: Luis E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Arango
Author-Name: Luz A. Flórez
Author-X-Name-First: Luz A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Flórez
Title: Regional Labour Informality in Colombia and a Proposal for a Differential Minimum Wage
Abstract: 
 The very high level of informal labour in Colombia is a symptom of the labour market is not functioning properly. Moreover, this undesirable outcome is highly heterogeneous across the country: the differences in the labour informality rate between cities can be higher than 20 percentage points. We provide evidence that the abnormal level of the minimum wage is a major factor behind such outcomes. By using a generalised method of moments (GMM) panel approach for data between 2007 and 2016, our results show that the high minimum wage (relative to the 70th percentile of the wage distribution) has a positive and significant effect on the labour informality rate, and that such an effect is disparate across regions. This is explained by the mismatch between local labour productivity of less–skilled workers and the level of the national minimum wage. These should be compelling reasons to introduce a regionally differentiated minimum wage instead of the current national one that Colombia has. We suggest how to introduce the regional minimum wage.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1016-1037
Issue: 6
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1841170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1841170
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wilfried A. K. Kouamé
Author-X-Name-First: Wilfried A. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouamé
Title: Trust to Pay? Tax Morale and Trust in Africa
Abstract: 
 Although low tax morale hits developing countries hardest, little is known about its determinants in those countries. This paper examines the impact of trust in public institutions and the neighbourhood on individual tax morale in four African countries. First, the paper provides theoretical foundations of such a relationship. Further, the paper uses the World Value Survey to estimate the effects of trust in public institutions and the neighbourhood on individual tax morale. The identification strategy employs the instrumental variables method and relies on historical data on the slave trade and the literature on the cultural heritage of trust. The paper finds that trust in public institutions and the neighbourhood are associated with tax morale in Algeria, Ghana, Morocco, and Nigeria. The findings are robust to an alternative identification strategy, additional controls, and a falsification test.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1086-1105
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1881491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1881491
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Stroup
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Stroup
Title: The Paradox of Scale: How NGOs Build, Maintain, and Lose Authority in Environmental Governance
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1241-1242s
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1898725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1898725
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sweta Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Sweta
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Christopher Ksoll
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Ksoll
Author-Name: Annemie Maertens
Author-X-Name-First: Annemie
Author-X-Name-Last: Maertens
Title: Intra-household Efficiency in Extended Family Households: Evidence from Rural India
Abstract: 
 The extended family household, in which multiple generations or married siblings of a family live together, is common in developing countries. We conducted a series of public goods experiments in such households in five villages in rural North India to shed light on decision-making efficiency within this household structure. In this experiment, we offered household members the choice to receive either a lower amount over which they have private control or a higher payout that becomes a common resource. We measure efficiency as the degree to which individuals are willing to forego personal rewards for larger, collective rewards. We find that relationships within extended households are not equally efficient, with the relationship between the daughter-in-law and mother-in-law particularly problematic. Supplementary survey and qualitative evidence points to the role of decision-making power, with young, married women lacking the power to assert their preferences in extended households and resorting to actions that reduce the overall efficiency of the household.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1172-1197
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1850696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1850696
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael D. Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Michael D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Maria S. Floro
Author-X-Name-First: Maria S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Floro
Title: The Effects of Domestic and International Remittances on Food Insecurity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Abstract: 
 Despite food insecurity being a key policy priority for aid organisations and governments around the world, the effects of remittances on food insecurity in low- and middle-income countries are largely unknown. Using data from the 2014–15 waves of the Gallup World Poll, and the first global experiential measure of food insecurity, we examine the impacts of receiving domestic, international, and both (domestic and international) remittances on individual-level food insecurity in 92 low- and middle-income countries. We estimate a series of endogenous multinomial treatment effects models, using both two-stage residual inclusion and maximum simulated likelihood methods. Results show domestic and international remittances have differential impacts on the probability of being food insecure. Controlling for endogeneity, we find that domestic, international, and combinations of both remittances decrease food insecurity. However, international remittances have a much greater impact than domestic remittances. Results also show heterogeneous effects of remittances across economic development rankings, where remittances provide greater protection against experiencing food insecurity in lower-income countries than in middle-income countries. These findings highlight the importance of migration and remittance flows as mechanisms for reducing food insecurity. This has potentially important policy implications for those seeking to reduce global hunger to achieve the SDG targets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1198-1220
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1849619
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1849619
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anette Ruml
Author-X-Name-First: Anette
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruml
Author-Name: Matin Qaim
Author-X-Name-First: Matin
Author-X-Name-Last: Qaim
Title: Smallholder Farmers’ Dissatisfaction with Contract Schemes in Spite of Economic Benefits: Issues of Mistrust and Lack of Transparency
Abstract: 
 Contract farming is typically seen as a useful mechanism to help smallholders in overcoming market access constraints. However, in spite of economic benefits, high smallholder dropout rates from contract schemes are commonplace. We use quantitative and qualitative data from Ghana to show that smallholder farmers benefit from a resource-providing contract in terms of higher yields and incomes, but that most of them still regret their decision to participate in the contract scheme and would prefer to exit if they could. The analysis underlines that research focusing on narrowly defined economic indicators alone cannot explain farmers’ satisfaction with contracts and their dropout behaviour. The main problem in the contract scheme is insufficient information provided by the company. Farmers do not understand all the contract details, which leads to substantial mistrust. Farmers believe that the company behaves opportunistically, for instance during the output weighing procedure, and these beliefs are significantly correlated with the farmers’ wish to exit. We conclude that issues of mistrust and lack of transparency can contribute to breakdowns of smallholder contract schemes and that such issues should receive more attention in future research on contract farming.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1106-1119
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1850699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1850699
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:7:p:1106-1119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Danielle Resnick
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Resnick
Title: Taxing Informality: Compliance and Policy Preferences in Urban Zambia
Abstract: 
 What drives tax compliance among informal workers, and how does compliance affect their policy preferences? Informal workers in developing countries encounter multiple taxes levied by government authorities and non-state actors. Using an original survey of approximately 800 informal workers in Lusaka, Zambia, this paper shows that compliance is tied to the governance setting where workers operate. In cooperative markets, compliance is higher where services are better and where trust in market leaders is stronger. Yet, in markets overseen by the city council, revenue collection capacity is more relevant. This suggests that the drivers of compliance can vary depending on the routes of accountability between tax payers, revenue collectors, and service providers. A vote choice experiment further reveals that regardless of market type, those who pay taxes are more likely to favour a politician interested in improving market services rather than one campaigning to improve the city’s schools and health clinics. The results suggest that even within the informal sector, the process of paying taxes affects policy preferences and shapes citizens’ preferences for elected leaders who espouse a platform most congruent with their own priorities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1063-1085
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1841171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1841171
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ceridwen Spark
Author-X-Name-First: Ceridwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Spark
Author-Name: Timothy L. M. Sharp
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy L. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp
Author-Name: Gina Koczberski
Author-X-Name-First: Gina
Author-X-Name-Last: Koczberski
Title: Relationality and Economic Empowerment: The Role of Men in Supporting and Undermining Women’s Pathways
Abstract: 
 Within development projects, empowerment is often construed in narrow terms, and increasingly in relation to economic empowerment. Feminist scholars have recently argued the need to bring back a more encompassing view of empowerment, which pays greater attention to relationality and changes in consciousness. In this article, we focus on one aspect of relationality – women’s relationships with men. Drawing on three case studies of women’s business success in Papua New Guinea, we argue men are pivotal in supporting and undermining women’s economic opportunities. Offering support to recent work on women’s empowerment which emphasizes both women’s relationships with men, and the specificity of contexts into account, our article contributes to current debates in gender and development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1138-1153
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1850697
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Greßer
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Greßer
Author-Name: David Stadelmann
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Stadelmann
Title: Evaluating Water- and Health-related Development Projects: A Cross-project and Micro-based Approach
Abstract: 
 We present a micro-based approach to evaluate the effect of water- and health-related development projects which complements established evaluation methods. We collect information from 1.8 million individuals from DHS clusters (Demographic and Health Surveys) in 38 developing economies between 1986 and 2017. We combine cluster information with over 14,000 sub-national projects from the World Bank. We then investigate the impact of the projects employing fixed effects estimation techniques. Our findings indicate that the time to gather water and child mortality tend to decrease when projects are realised. The quality of drinking water and sanitation facilities are also positively affected by projects. Our data allow us to account for cluster heterogeneity, which is an important extension to the cross-country literature. Various robustness checks support our findings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1221-1239
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1849621
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah E. Walker
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Walker
Author-Name: Brett L. Bruyere
Author-X-Name-First: Brett L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruyere
Author-Name: Apin Yasin
Author-X-Name-First: Apin
Author-X-Name-Last: Yasin
Author-Name: Elizabeth Lenaiyasa
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenaiyasa
Author-Name: Anna Lolemu
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Lolemu
Title: The Good Life in the Face of Climate Change: Understanding Complexities of a Well-being Framework through the Experience of Pastoral Women
Abstract: 
 Frameworks for understanding well-being play an important role in designing and evaluating climate change adaptation intervention and policy. To be effective, frameworks must capture the complexities of the social, ecological, and cultural contexts specific to vulnerable social groups. This study explores the concept of well-being from the perspective of pastoral women in Northern Kenya, a social group highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and a novel participatory group ranking activity. Analysis using the WeD Framework for well-being highlights key components from the perspective of Samburu women and underscores the importance of understanding the interaction between these components. We discuss the theoretical implications of these interactions for future use of the WeD framework and practical implications for the design and evaluation of climate change adaptation intervention and policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1120-1137
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1881493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1881493
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Abbey Ssebagala
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph Abbey
Author-X-Name-Last: Ssebagala
Title: Plugging the Welfare Gap: The Role of Kinship Transfers in South Africa
Abstract: 
 What are the empirical patterns and significance of private non-market transfers between family members living in separate households? Answers to such a question should aid policymakers in designing social and economic policies that allow for better distribution of public programmes, and illuminate the extent to which social objectives are being met privately. Compared to the extensive literature on the intra-household private transfers in general, the literature on inter-household transfer behaviours is limited, and hardly any, interrogate the topic at the individual-level. This paper attempts to fill this gap by analysing transfer patterns between familial-related individuals living in separate households. My evidence indicates that these transfers respond to income and vulnerability indicators, and constitute a sizeable portion of total incomes. Thus, these transfers are likely serving both consumption smoothing and income equalisation purposes. Ultimately, the magnitude of these transfers suggest that measurements of income distribution which do not include transfer receipts are likely to be biased.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1154-1171
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1850698
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Motolani Agbebi
Author-X-Name-First: Motolani
Author-X-Name-Last: Agbebi
Title: China–Africa and an Economic Transformation
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1240-1241
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1898081
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1898081
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rosie Bsheer
Author-X-Name-First: Rosie
Author-X-Name-Last: Bsheer
Title: Money, Markets, and Monarchies: The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Political Economy of the Contemporary Middle East
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1242-1244
Issue: 7
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1901837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1901837
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annamaria Milazzo
Author-X-Name-First: Annamaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Milazzo
Author-Name: Jose Cuesta
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuesta
Title: Long-term Well-being among Survivors of the Rwandan and Cambodian Genocides
Abstract: 
 This paper adds to the thin empirical literature estimating the long-term effects of exposure to conflict from in utero to adolescence on adult well-being. The effects through adolescence of the two worst genocides in recent history – those occurring in Rwanda (1994) and Cambodia (1975–79) – are examined. The Rwandan genocide is shown to have produced long-term health outcomes among women exposed to the conflict during adolescence. A further contribution is the analysis of gendered effects during adolescence, which is enabled by the availability of data on men’s height for Rwanda. The long-term effects are confirmed for men, however this appears to be the consequence of exposure during adolescence later than for women, a result that is consistent with the biological literature on the differential timing of the onset of puberty by gender. No significant effects are detected in the case of the Cambodian genocide and we discuss some issues that may influence this result. Although more research and better data are needed, our results are suggestive of adolescent-specific effects of the Rwandan genocide, which may be comparable or larger than those previously found for younger children.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1413-1427
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1919630
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shubin Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Shubin
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Sandra Lancheros
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Lancheros
Author-Name: Chris Milner
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Milner
Title: Technological Catch-up to the National and Regional Frontier: Firm-level Evidence for India
Abstract: 
 This paper studies productivity convergence to the regional and national frontiers among manufacturing firms in India, using panel data over the period 1999 to 2010. We find evidence that lagging firms converge to their national and regional frontiers, with faster speed of convergence to the national frontier than to their regional frontier. We extend our analysis to explore how firms’ participation in foreign markets (through exporting and investing abroad) affects the process of convergence. Our results suggest a ranking of firms’ speed of convergence based on their level of international engagement through exports, with non-exporters converging faster to their technological frontiers, followed by non-continuous exporters, and finally by continuous exporters. These results suggest that more established exporters are closer to the technological frontier and therefore have less scope to catch up than their less persistent counterparts and non-exporting firms. However, we did not find significant differences in the speed of convergence amongst exporting firms that have moved to the next stage of globalisation by investing abroad.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1303-1320
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1881492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1881492
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Lewis
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis
Author-Name: Dennis Rodgers
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodgers
Author-Name: Michael Woolcock
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Woolcock
Title: The Sounds of Development: Musical Representation as A(nother) Source of Development Knowledge
Abstract: 
 The experience of development, as well as understandings of and responses to it, are uniquely rendered through popular culture generally, and popular music in particular. Music has been a medium of choice through which marginalised populations all over the world convey their (frequently critical) views, while in the Global North music has also long played a prominent (if notorious) role in portraying the plight of the South’s ‘starving millions’ as an emotional pretext for soliciting funds for international aid. We discuss the relationship between music and development in five specific domains: the tradition of Western ‘protest’ music; musical resistance in the Global South; music-based development interventions; commodification and appropriation; and, finally, music as a globalised development vernacular. We present our analyses not as definitive or comprehensive but as invitations to broaden the range of potential contributions to development debates, and the communicative modalities in and through which these debates are conducted. Doing so may lead to enhancing the relevance and coherence of development debates for a greater range of key stakeholders of development by making them more open, authentic, and compelling.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1397-1412
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1862800
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1862800
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Décobert
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Décobert
Title: Partnerships for Universal Health Coverage in Myanmar: Power and Politics within ‘Immunisation Encounters’ in Kayah State and Kayin State
Abstract: 
 The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasise the importance of partnerships in achieving targets like Universal Health Coverage. But how can partnerships between non-state and state actors be established, and what development and political ramifications might they have, within protracted conflict situations? In Myanmar’s Kayah State and Kayin State, decades-long conflict resulted in parallel health systems operating under Ethnic Armed Organisations. In recent years, non-state and state health workers in both areas have forged partnerships to implement an Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI). These endeavours demonstrate that partnerships are permeated with power relations and development programmes can become the site of political struggles in contested states. Linking national development plans with the SDGs can enhance non-state actors’ positions in contexts where state and international actors have limited implementation capacity. Comparing Kayah State and Kayin State EPI activities demonstrates the importance of recognising political dynamics of partnerships in conflict situations. In Kayah State, when non-state actors were not recognised as leaders of development in their areas, EPI activities had negative impacts, fuelling local grievances. Conversely, in Kayin State, when state and international actors acknowledged political sensitivities and empowered non-state actors, EPI activities built a ‘working encounter’ with positive development and peacebuilding outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1267-1281
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1862797
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolás Valenzuela-Levi
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolás
Author-X-Name-Last: Valenzuela-Levi
Title: Waste
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1446-1447
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915945
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yohan Iddawela
Author-X-Name-First: Yohan
Author-X-Name-Last: Iddawela
Author-Name: Neil Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose
Title: Quality of Sub-national Government and Regional Development in Africa
Abstract: 
 Despite widespread interest in government quality and economic development, the role of sub-national government has been largely overlooked. This represents an omission in Africa, given ongoing processes of devolution in much of the continent. In this article, we consider the impact of sub-national government institutions on economic development in 339 regions across 22 African countries. We create a novel index of sub-national government quality based on large-scale survey data and assess its impact on regional economies using satellite data on night light luminosity. To address causality concerns, we instrument sub-national government quality with data from pre-colonial societies. Our results show a positive and significant relationship between sub-national government quality and regional economic development, even when controlling for the quality of national-level institutions. Better sub-national governments are a powerful but often overlooked determinant of development in Africa.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1282-1302
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873286
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eliana Chavarría
Author-X-Name-First: Eliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Chavarría
Author-Name: Farah Diba
Author-X-Name-First: Farah
Author-X-Name-Last: Diba
Author-Name: Maja E. Marcus
Author-X-Name-First: Maja E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcus
Author-Name:  Marthoenis
Author-X-Name-First: 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marthoenis
Author-Name: Anna Reuter
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Reuter
Author-Name: Lisa Rogge
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogge
Author-Name: Sebastian Vollmer
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Vollmer
Title: Knowing Versus Doing: Protective Health Behaviour Against COVID-19 in Aceh, Indonesia
Abstract: 
 The COVID-19 pandemic shapes the lives of people around the globe – at the same time, people themselves have the power to shape the pandemic. By employing protective health behaviour, the population can alleviate the severity of an outbreak. This may be of particular importance whenever health systems or populations are vulnerable to shocks, as is frequently the case in low- and middle-income settings. Therefore, understanding the underlying drivers of protective action against COVID-19 is urgently needed for policy responses. We investigate the individual-level determinants of disease knowledge and behaviour in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Aceh, Indonesia. We use data from a representative sample of 40–70-year-olds, mainly obtained from telephone interviews between March and May 2020. We employ linear probability models that account for a comprehensive set of factors that were previously found to influence knowledge and practice during pandemics. We find that both knowledge and uptake of protective health behaviour are relatively high. Knowledge is the largest explanatory driver of protective health behaviour, while socioeconomics and economic preferences are minor determinants. However, knowledge itself is strongly shaped by socioeconomic gradients. On this basis, we show that policies need to disseminate information in an equitable way.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1245-1266
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1898594
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederico Brandão
Author-X-Name-First: Frederico
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandão
Author-Name: George Schoneveld
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Schoneveld
Title: Oil Palm Contract Farming in Brazil: Labour Constraints and Inclusivity Challenges
Abstract: 
 The Government of Brazil established their Sustainable Palm Oil Production Programme (SPOPP) in 2010, which sought to enhance the sustainability and inclusiveness of oil palm development in the Amazon. This paper evaluates how well oil palm contract farming promoted by SPOPP has delivered on its inclusive development objectives. Drawing on cross-section data collected in Northeast Pará, it analyses two recurrent SPOPP themes, namely (1) equitable participation and (2) labour allocation to plantation management. Our analysis demonstrates that household availability of land and labour resources strongly shapes patterns of inclusion and exclusion. Moreover, findings reveal that labour time allocation is influenced by hiring of external labourers, which increases when households are labour and land poor. These results give reason to question the utility of labour-oriented contract farming eligibility criteria, revealing important inclusive business and value chain development dilemmas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1428-1442
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1919629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1919629
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Brass
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Brass
Title: The Truth about Modern Slavery
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1444-1445
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915944
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duc Anh Dang
Author-X-Name-First: Duc Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: Dang
Author-Name: HAI ANH La
Author-X-Name-First: HAI ANH
Author-X-Name-Last: La
Title: The Effects of the Temporary Protection on Firm Performances: Evidence from the Steel Industry in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Trade protection may have significant impacts on sectors other than those targeted by the protection policies, especially when the target sector produces goods that are essential inputs to downstream sectors. Using panel Vietnamese enterprise surveys from 2010 to 2017, this paper examines whether temporary trade protection has a significant impact on the steel sectors and downstream users of steel. We find that during the trade protection period to the steel sector, this policy increased sales of protected firms but hurt downstream firms. Particularly, trade protection has significant impacts on sales, profit, and productivity of downstream firms in the sectors that use steel intensively as their inputs. Additionally, these adverse effects of protection are more severe to small downstream firms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1336-1350
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1862799
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1862799
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:8:p:1336-1350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thang Bach
Author-X-Name-First: Thang
Author-X-Name-Last: Bach
Author-Name: Thanh Le
Author-X-Name-First: Thanh
Author-X-Name-Last: Le
Author-Name: Yen Bui
Author-X-Name-First: Yen
Author-X-Name-Last: Bui
Title: Informal Short-term Borrowings and Small and Medium Enterprises’ Performance in a Credit Crunch: Evidence from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 This study examines the access to informal short-term borrowings of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and their performance in a credit-rationing period. Using a unique data set on Vietnamese private manufacturing SMEs spanning before, at the onset of, and during the period of credit distress 2011–2014, we find that bank loans act as a substitute for informal borrowings prior to but a complement during the crisis. Meanwhile, trade credit always complements informal borrowings, even when the crisis endures. Informal borrowings help enhance SMEs’ sales and investment performance and outweigh trade credit in predicting firms’ investments. Obtained findings convey important policy implications on the macro-management of informal short-term finance in the credit distress.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1321-1335
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1862798
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1862798
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ankit Bhardwaj
Author-X-Name-First: Ankit
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhardwaj
Title: Climate Urbanism: Towards a Critical Research Agenda
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1443-1443
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915941
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Calza
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Calza
Author-Name: Micheline Goedhuys
Author-X-Name-First: Micheline
Author-X-Name-Last: Goedhuys
Title: Just a Piece of Paper? Domestic Standards Certification and Small Firm Growth in Viet Nam
Abstract: 
 Using two waves (2013, 2015) of the Micro, Small, and Medium sized Enterprises (MSMEs) survey of Vietnamese manufacturing firms, this paper first explores what drives firms’ decision to have a domestic standards certificate, taking into account a rich number of factors related to the cost and expected benefits of certification as well as institutional factors. It further explores the presence of a positive and significant effect of domestic certificates on firm growth, testing whether these serve as signalling devices for desirable attributes under information asymmetry. Evidence is indeed found for a signalling effect of domestic standards certification, being stronger for female-run businesses. Results hold even when controlling for international certifications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1351-1372
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873289
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873289
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:57:y:2021:i:8:p:1351-1372




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ishac Diwan
Author-X-Name-First: Ishac
Author-X-Name-Last: Diwan
Author-Name: Jamal Ibrahim Haidar
Author-X-Name-First: Jamal Ibrahim
Author-X-Name-Last: Haidar
Title: Political Connections Reduce Job Creation: Firm-level Evidence from Lebanon
Abstract: 
 Using firm-level data, we document that politically connected firms (PCFs) create more jobs than unconnected firms in Lebanon. We observe, however, that the presence of PCFs in a sector is correlated with lower job creation. Although causality is difficult to establish due to endogeneity issues, we find that PCFs expand, and non-PCFs retract, more around elections. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that unfair competition by PCFs hurts unconnected competitors so much that aggregate employment growth in the sector is affected negatively.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1373-1396
Issue: 8
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1849622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1849622
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Mines, Communities, and States: The Local Politics of Natural Resource Extraction in Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1571-1572
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1923190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1923190
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Cripps
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Cripps
Title: Population Ethics for an Imperfect World: Basic Justice, Reasonable Disagreement, and Unavoidable Value Judgements
Abstract: 
 Our collective impact on the environment results from a combination of population, affluence and technology. Human population, 2.6bn in 1950, is predicted to reach 10.9bn by 2100. So much we know. But beyond this starting point questions of population are presented in several ways in normative debate, often with problematic underlying moral assumptions. This paper clarifies and critiques four interconnected claims: (1) the Current Carrying Capacity Claim; (2) the Basic Justice Carrying Capacity Claim; (3) the Optimum Population Claim; and (4) the Population Variable Claim. A moral framework for population policy evaluation is then sketched which promises to avoid the most troubling of these moral critiques, whilst maintaining the valuable elements of (2) and (4). This prioritises the ‘morally basic’ at two levels: in terms of specific policy implications and the broader-level need to remain within the circumstances of global and intergenerational justice. However, it faces up to unavoidable trade-offs between other morally significant criteria. Three significant challenges to filling out the model are outlined, and the need acknowledged, however, problematically, for some global-level judgment call.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1470-1482
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915478
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christoph Deuster
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Deuster
Title: Climate Change and Educational Attainment: The Role of Human Mobility
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the potential links between climate change, human capital formation, and internal migration in Africa. In order to do so, a two-sector, world economy model that endogenises education and mobility decisions is developed. This stylised model predicts that negative climatic conditions increase the proportion of people moving internally from rural to urban areas. This in turn leads to a larger share of individuals investing in tertiary education, because the access and returns to education are higher in urban areas. These theoretical predictions are empirically validated by a panel data analysis at the country level and a cross-sectional data analysis at the province level. The empirical validation reveals indirect causality between climate change and education via the moderating variable of internal migration. The research leads to the conclusion that adverse weather changes may have the unexpected effect of increasing educational attainment in African economies. The findings suggest that greater internal mobility can explain this effect.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1527-1548
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1898592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1898592
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Budolfson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Budolfson
Author-Name: Dean Spears
Author-X-Name-First: Dean
Author-X-Name-Last: Spears
Title: Population Ethics and the Prospects for Fertility Policy as Climate Mitigation Policy
Abstract: 
 What are the prospects for using population policy as tool to reduce carbon emissions? In this paper, we review evidence from population science, in order to inform debates in population ethics that, so far, have largely taken place within the academic philosophy literature. In particular, we ask whether fertility policy is likely to have a large effect on carbon emissions, and therefore on temperature change. Our answer is no. Prospects for a policy of fertility-reduction-as-climate-mitigation are limited by population momentum, a demographic factor that limits possible variation in the size of the population, even if fertility rates change very quickly. In particular, a hypothetical policy that instantaneously changed fertility and mortality rates to replacement levels would nevertheless result in a population of over 9 billion people in 2060. We use a leading climate-economy model to project the consequence of such a hypothetical policy for climate change. As a standalone mitigation policy, such a hypothetical change in the size of the future population – much too large to be implementable by any foreseeable government programme – would reduce peak temperature change only to 6.4°C, relative to 7.1°C under the most likely population path. Therefore, fertility reduction is unlikely to be an adequate core approach to climate mitigation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1499-1510
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915481
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915481
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon J. Beard
Author-X-Name-First: Simon J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Beard
Author-Name: Partha Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Partha
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Author-Name: Natalie Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Natalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Introduction: Population and Ethics: Difficult Questions, Global Challenges
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1449-1453
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915482
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915482
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tirthankar Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Tirthankar
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: Capitalism, Inequality and Labour in India
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1572-1573
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1936714
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1936714
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yonatan N. Gez
Author-X-Name-First: Yonatan N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gez
Title: The Afterlives of International Development Interventions: A Site-Specific Ethnographic Approach
Abstract: 
 Recent years have seen a growing interest in the long-term implications, resonance, and reverberation of international development interventions. Going beyond projects’ official blueprints and stated objectives, scholars and development practitioners alike increasingly approach such interventions as living, complex, and non-linear processes that can have far-reaching and unexpected consequences. In this article, I offer a conceptual guide—reinforced by methodological suggestions—for studying the representational and material ‘afterlives’ of development interventions in the global South, which overflow projects’ official timelines and life cycles. Inspired by phenomenological ideas and by the ‘material turn’ in anthropology, as well as by work on temporality and spatiality, I recognize target populations as repositories of non-hegemonic knowledge, skill, and agency, who creatively re-appropriate development’s remains and legacies. While such local perspectives may have been kept under relative control throughout the project itself, they come to the fore upon the project’s termination, as formal scripts loosen their grip. The result is a cumulative, site-specific, and grassroots-based ethnographical approach aimed at studying post-intervention sites in their totality, with emphasis on the intertwinement of the palimpsest-like multilayers of interventions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1511-1526
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873288
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Kolk
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolk
Title: Government Transfers to Parents and Population Policy in a Global Perspective: An Economic Demographic Perspective
Abstract: 
 The world is rapidly converging towards lower fertility: in 2020, countries with a total fertility rate of less than 2.25 will encompass more than three-quarters of the world population. This implies that the determinants of childbearing will be increasingly similar in high-income and middle-income regions of the world. In this article, I discuss economic demography in relation to levels of childbearing. How do different societies distribute resources across the life course and between generations, and to what extent is this done through governmental transfers? The extent of such transfers varies considerably between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries, which I explored through data from the National Transfers Account project. I argue that in low-fertility societies, the extent to which the costs of childrearing are socialised is important for fertility. The extent to which childrearing is socialised will be an important determinant of future fertility levels and, if used as a population policy, offers a straightforward pathway to achieve a desirable population size. As the global fertility decline continues, such policies will be relevant to most societies and a tool for governments to affect fertility levels across many contexts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1483-1498
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915480
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915480
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernanda Pereira Sartori Falguera
Author-X-Name-First: Fernanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira Sartori Falguera
Author-Name: MANUELLA A. F. Lima
Author-X-Name-First: MANUELLA A. F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lima
Author-Name: Vanessa A. S. Ferrari
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa A. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrari
Author-Name: Gladys D. C. Barriga
Author-X-Name-First: Gladys D. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barriga
Author-Name: Enzo B. Mariano
Author-X-Name-First: Enzo B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariano
Title: Human Development by Gender and National Culture: A Comparative Analysis
Abstract: 
 The differences between female and male human development indicators are evidence that the general scenario (whole population) presents a blurred analytical viewpoint. Female schooling and life expectancy have advanced, but income is far from keeping pace. For women, legislation does not seem to be enough without the cultural legitimisation; for men, the cultural dependency on psychopathologies derived from the subjective expectations of masculinity is more evident. However, no study has apparently analysed the influence of national culture (NC) on human development (HD), by comparing the General, Female, and Male scenarios. This research sought to fill this gap by applying univariate and multivariate techniques to the data from 59 countries, using the Hofstede cultural dimensions as independent variables, HD indicators as dependent variables, and democracy, agricultural dependence, and urbanisation as controls. The influence of culture is a reality in all scenarios, but differs according to gender. For women, individualism appears to be a more powerful ally, and masculinity and uncertainty avoidance more harmful factors than for men; for men, power distance and indulgence have a greater impact than on women. Considering HD as a whole, an autonomous thinking society that rejects unjustifiable inequalities seems to be the most important cultural enabler.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1549-1570
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1919632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1919632
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Coole
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Coole
Title: The Toxification of Population Discourse. A Genealogical Study
Abstract: 
 During the 1960s and 70s, reducing human numbers was embraced as integral to radical social transformation. Subsequently such neoMalthusian prescriptions became so toxic, they disappeared from the political agenda. Only recently has the issue resurfaced. This article suggests it is worthwhile revisiting the population question but recognises that the reasons for its becoming taboo need first to be understood and reassessed. This is the aim of the critical analysis undertaken here. It identifies 1974–1994 as the crucial period when hostility to population policies developed. It asks why progressive thinkers turned against policies for reducing fertility rates and how a goal of stabilising human numbers became internationally reviled. Its approach is genealogical; that is, it focuses on changing ideological and geopolitical contexts and on shifting power relations that determined whose voices and interests were heard or silenced. Specifically, the analysis examines paradigm changes associated with the three intergovernmental population and development conferences: at Bucharest (1974), Mexico City (1984) and Cairo (1994), paying particular attention to the rise of neoliberalism, the influence of the cold war, postcolonial tensions and the impact of the Women’s Movement. The article ends by asking whether the prevailing `Cairo consensus’ established in 1994 remains fit for purpose.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1454-1469
Issue: 9
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1915479
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1915479
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Mader
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Mader
Title: Financializing Poverty: Labor and Risk in Indian Microfinance
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1791-1792
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1935496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1935496
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Munro
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Munro
Author-Name: Opportuna Kweka
Author-X-Name-First: Opportuna
Author-X-Name-Last: Kweka
Title: Trust in Providers of Domestic Water: A Comparison of the Public Utility and Informal Vendors in Dar Es Salaam
Abstract: 
 This article examines factors associated with trust in the public water utility and informal water vendors in the city of Dar es Salaam. We model trust in terms of citizens’ perceptions of what water providers deliver, how well the service fits with their lifestyle and values, the ease with which they can contact and influence the provider, and how well the government handles water issues. Our data come from a survey of the adult population of the four main residential districts of Dar es Salaam, conducted in March 2018. We find that trust in water providers is built on different foundations for the public utility and informal vendors. For the public utility, trust depends mainly on habituation to the service, knowledge of the vernacular and evaluations of government performance. For informal vendors, trust depends mainly on habituation to the service and capacity for engagement with social issues. Our study illustrates the how trust in service providers is an outcome of social accountability at the micro-level.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1710-1722
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1887479
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1887479
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nozomi Nakajima
Author-X-Name-First: Nozomi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakajima
Author-Name: Amer Hasan
Author-X-Name-First: Amer
Author-X-Name-Last: Hasan
Author-Name: Haeil Jung
Author-X-Name-First: Haeil
Author-X-Name-Last: Jung
Author-Name: Angela Kinnell
Author-X-Name-First: Angela
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinnell
Author-Name: Amelia Maika
Author-X-Name-First: Amelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Maika
Author-Name: Menno Pradhan
Author-X-Name-First: Menno
Author-X-Name-Last: Pradhan
Title: Built to Last: Sustainability of Early Childhood Education Services in Rural Indonesia
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the sustainability of preschools established under a large-scale project in rural Indonesia. We returned to project villages three years after the project closed to understand why some preschools were able to sustain operations while others closed. We present four key findings. First, 92 per cent of preschools from the project remained open three years after project funding ended. Second, preschools planned for sustainability by taking into account six factors: preschool quality, finance, supplementary services, market condition, household wealth, and parental involvement. Third, each of these factors predicts sustainability after project closure. Finally, interviews with former teachers show that the few preschools that closed were those that struggled to find both the financial and human resources needed to continue operating. We discuss actionable lessons for the design and sustainability of future early childhood education projects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1593-1612
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873283
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vidhya Unnikrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Vidhya
Author-X-Name-Last: Unnikrishnan
Title: Dimensions of Poverty Measurement, Epistemic Injustices, Activism
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1792-1794
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1947572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1947572
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sherry Tao Kong
Author-X-Name-First: Sherry Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Kong
Author-Name: Nicholas Loubere
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Loubere
Title: Digitally Down to the Countryside: Fintech and Rural Development in China
Abstract: 
 Digital finance has changed the landscape of financial service provision worldwide. China in particular, with a booming fintech sector and large numbers of users, is at the forefront of the expansion of digital financial services. As such, the country has become an important case for better understanding how fintech operates and what its expansion entails for socioeconomic development. This paper focuses on the provision of new models of digital finance in rural China by two Internet giants – JD and Alibaba. Against the backdrop of decades of generally unsuccessful attempts to expand financial coverage in rural areas by conventional bricks-and-mortar financial institutions, these two rural fintech models have the potential to expand digital financial service provision in new ways. This paper critically examines these fintech models, contextualises them within the broader trajectory of pushes to expand digital financial inclusion worldwide, considers the parallels with agricultural supplier contracting systems elsewhere, and explores the potential benefits and risks that they pose for rural development and rural livelihoods in China and elsewhere.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1739-1754
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1919631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1919631
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solomon Zena Walelign
Author-X-Name-First: Solomon Zena
Author-X-Name-Last: Walelign
Author-Name: Lindy Callen Charlery
Author-X-Name-First: Lindy Callen
Author-X-Name-Last: Charlery
Author-Name: Mariève Pouliot
Author-X-Name-First: Mariève
Author-X-Name-Last: Pouliot
Title: Poverty Trap or Means to Escape Poverty? Empirical Evidence on the Role of Environmental Income in Rural Nepal
Abstract: 
 Understanding how poverty persists and how this affects environmental reliance has policy implications for poverty reduction and environmental conservation. Employing a panel data-set from rural Nepal, we shed light on this issue, using a combination of parametric and nonparametric models. Results show that, as a population, households will converge at a single equilibrium point in the long-term, hence indicating the absence of a poverty trap. The exact asset level of this single equilibrium point, which indicates the absence of a poverty trap, varies between groups of households (for example, based on location, marital status). Based on the convergence point of the entire study population, two groups of households are identified: one situated above the convergence point and another situated below the point. Total environmental income, that is, all income from forest and non-forest environments, is very important to households below the convergence point. Although total environmental income is not a major contributor to asset accumulation, its non-forest component is a significant and positive contributor. We attribute the importance to their looser restriction to access, than for forest resources. Hence, securing greater access to forests without affecting the conservation priorities will help improve the contribution of forest resources to poverty reduction.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1613-1639
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873282
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernard Hoekman
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoekman
Author-Name: Anirudh Shingal
Author-X-Name-First: Anirudh
Author-X-Name-Last: Shingal
Title: Aid for Trade and Trade in Services
Abstract: 
 Existing research generally finds weak positive effects of aid for trade (AfT) on aggregate merchandise trade of recipients once endogeneity in the AfT-trade relationship is accounted for. In this paper, we confirm weak findings for both aggregate merchandise and services trade of recipients, using GMM and IV estimations. Moreover, estimates lose statistical significance if non-AfT explanatory variables are treated as endogenous in estimation suggesting identification issues may not have been adequately addressed in extant work. We then examine an alternative proposition: that effects of AfT and different categories of AfT may be observed along the conditional distributions of exports and imports. Our findings confirm this hypothesis. AfT allocated to economic infrastructure, productive capacity building in services and trade policies and regulation is more effective for smaller trading economies, especially in services. We also observe considerable heterogeneity in the trade effects of AfT allocated to individual services sectors, indicating the importance of country-specific diagnostics in targeting AfT allocation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1723-1738
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873287
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873287
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nandana Sengupta
Author-X-Name-First: Nandana
Author-X-Name-Last: Sengupta
Author-Name: Sarthak Gaurav
Author-X-Name-First: Sarthak
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaurav
Author-Name: James Evans
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans
Title: The Skills Space in Informal Work: Insights from Bangalore Slums
Abstract: 
 We develop a framework for mapping and analysing informal worker skills using microdata from nearly 1500 workers residing in the slums of Bangalore, India. Alongside econometric modelling, we employ machine learning techniques to explore relationships between skills crowdsourced from respondents. We find that informal workers rely on a host of task, language, personal and social skills. Further, we identify skill claims associated with both levels and stability of wage earnings. Our results include insights on gender disparities in skill claims, importance of English and computer literacy and the central role of personal and social skills in the Indian informal labour market.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1662-1689
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1898593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1898593
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés A. Acuña-Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Acuña-Duarte
Author-Name: César A. Salazar
Author-X-Name-First: César A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Salazar
Title: Conditioning Factors for Re-election and Incumbency Advantage after a Natural Disaster: Evidence from a Large-scale Earthquake
Abstract: 
 Since the public assessment of political leadership is more evident during crisis events, natural disasters have become a plausible explanation for electoral outcomes and public support. This imposes a prominent challenge for developing countries, which are less prepared to deal with catastrophes. This paper proposes a theoretical and an empirical approach to evaluate the unrestricted and conditional impact of natural disasters on the continuity of local authorities. Our theoretical framework treats natural disasters as an exogenous shock that is beyond the incumbent’s influence but provides valuable information to rational voters about high-quality candidates. The empirical approach uses county-level data to test this model by estimating the impact of the Chile earthquake occurred in 2010 on re-election probability and incumbent mayor’s vote share. Aggregate- and individual-level evidence shows that incumbents’ continuity is not unconditionally threatened due to the earthquake, but contingent on conditioning factors that exacerbate or mitigate its negative effect on incumbency advantage. That is, local governments with higher human capital endowments and a better post-disaster assessment are more likely to be re-elected in Chile.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1575-1592
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1887477
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1887477
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincent A. Floreani
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Floreani
Author-Name: Gladys López-Acevedo
Author-X-Name-First: Gladys
Author-X-Name-Last: López-Acevedo
Author-Name: Martín Rama
Author-X-Name-First: Martín
Author-X-Name-Last: Rama
Title: Conflict and Poverty in Afghanistan’s Transition
Abstract: 
 Despite record economic growth in the decade that followed the fall of the Taliban regime, poverty remained stubbornly high in Afghanistan, declining substantially only in regions that suffered more from conflict. This paper aims to explain this apparent puzzle by combining conflict-related indicators at the province level with household level observations. Estimates, which start in 2007 and stop in 2014 because of data availability constraints, show that large troop deployments reduced conflict intensity but also boosted local consumption, an effect reinforced by foreign aid flows being larger in conflict-affected areas. The robustness of these findings is assessed through an out-of-sample simulation of the impact of declining international troops and foreign aid after 2014. The simulation accurately predicts the sharp deterioration in living standards uncovered by a 2016 household survey.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1776-1790
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1945040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1945040
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph B. Ajefu
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajefu
Author-Name: Daniela Casale
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela
Author-X-Name-Last: Casale
Title: The Long-term Effects of Violent Conflict on Women’s Intra-Household Decision-Making Power
Abstract: 
 Does exposure to civil war during childhood affect women’s later-life intra-household decision-making power? This paper examines the long-term effects of early-life exposure to the Nigerian Civil War on women’s decision-making power within the household, using data from the 2008 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey. To identify the effects, we adopt a difference-in-differences approach which exploits variation in exposure to the civil war by year of birth and ethnicity. The results show that early-life exposure to the war decreases the likelihood of women’s decision-making power within the household in adulthood. Likely mechanisms include different fertility and marriage choices as well as poorer education, health, and employment outcomes as a result of exposure to the war, which would place women in a more precarious position in the household relative to their partners.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1690-1709
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873285
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Ivar Oppedal Berge
Author-X-Name-First: Lars Ivar Oppedal
Author-X-Name-Last: Berge
Author-Name: Armando José Garcia Pires
Author-X-Name-First: Armando José
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia Pires
Title: Measuring Spillover Effects from an Entrepreneurship Programme: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Tanzania
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we identify treatment spillovers between microfinance clients in Tanzania using data from a partial population experiment where only a subset of loan group members was offered treatment in the form of business training, a business grant, or both. Our results show large and significant spillover effects from indirect exposure to treatment through group peers. In particular, we find that male microfinance clients with peers receiving both business training and the business grant experience to have significantly higher sales than those not receiving any treatment. Moreover, microfinance clients with positive spillovers make higher investments and borrow more. In addition, the treatment impacts are higher for group members with smaller loans (which is consistent with higher marginal rates of return to capital), and for members in groups with a greater share of women. Our findings illustrate that loan groups may be an important arena for the sharing of entrepreneurial resources, and that standard treatment–control analyses of similar interventions may underestimate impacts in settings with close social interactions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1755-1775
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1945039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1945039
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mulubrhan Amare
Author-X-Name-First: Mulubrhan
Author-X-Name-Last: Amare
Author-Name: Channing Arndt
Author-X-Name-First: Channing
Author-X-Name-Last: Arndt
Author-Name: Kristi Mahrt
Author-X-Name-First: Kristi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahrt
Author-Name: George Mavrotas
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Mavrotas
Title: Polygynous Family Structure and Child Undernutrition in Nigeria
Abstract: 
 Interest is growing in the research literature in exploring how child nutrition is affected by sociocultural practices, such as polygyny. However, evaluation of the effect of polygyny on child nutrition is hindered by the complexity of the relationship. This paper investigates the effect of polygyny on anthropometric outcomes while recognising that unobservable household characteristics may simultaneously influence both the decision to form a polygynous union and the ability of the household to adequately nourish children. We apply an instrumental variable approach based on the occurrence of same-sex siblings in a woman’s first two births to generate exogenous variation in polygyny. Using data from the 2008 and 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys, we find a detrimental effect of polygyny on child undernutrition. Our results show that the effect of polygyny is substantially reduced when we control for household characteristics, suggesting that part of the link between polygyny and child undernutrition is mediated through these channels. Nevertheless, the estimated coefficients of polygyny remain sizeable and strongly statistically significant even after controlling for these characteristics. Polygynous families may have different behavioural childcare practices, and/or the reduced bargaining power of women associated with polygynous families could be associated with higher rates of child undernutrition.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1640-1661
Issue: 10
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1898591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1898591
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abu Hayat Md. Saiful Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Abu Hayat Md. Saiful
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Title: Dynamics and Determinants of Participation in Integrated Aquaculture–Agriculture Value Chain: Evidence from a Panel Data Analysis of Indigenous Smallholders in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 This study examines the dynamics of integrated aquaculture-agriculture (IAA) value chain participation and assess the determinants of participation (non-participators, continuing participators, and leavers) using three wave panel data obtained from small-scale indigenous farm households in Northern and North-eastern region of Bangladesh. We employ panel estimation strategies to control for omitted variables and endogenous regressors. The results confirm some previous findings that educated, larger family size with better access to extension, market information and community-based organisation (CBO) are more likely to participate and continue in IAA value chain activities. Importantly, farm size and farm income does not matters for IAA value chain continuous participation, suggesting that IAA value chain activities are appropriate for resource-poor households who are only able to afford low-input technology. The results also indicate that the factors influencing continued participation and dis-participation of the IAA value chain activities especially for up and downstream activities are different.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1871-1892
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1873284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873284
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Holly Jean Buck
Author-X-Name-First: Holly Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Buck
Title: The Truth about Nature: Environmentalism in the Era of Post-truth Politics and Platform Capitalism
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1973-1974
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956150
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanya Jakimow
Author-X-Name-First: Tanya
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakimow
Author-Name:  Pragati
Author-X-Name-First: 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pragati
Title: Life-course and Cohort Impacts in Women’s Pathways to Politics: Post-active Motherhood as a Time of Political Possibility in India
Abstract: 
 Women’s gendered responsibilities of caring for children and the home is persistently identified as a barrier to gender-equal representation in political office. Rather than solely seeking to help women overcome what are often insurmountable barriers, we argue that we also need to align our strategies with women’s culturally specific life-courses, and the socio-historical conditions of particular cohorts. Drawing upon the experiences of women political actors in Dehradun, North India, we identify post-active motherhood – the stage of life after children are independent but prior to old-age – as an under-recognised moment of political possibility. While women in middle-age have the motivation, time and experience to contest elections (supply-side dynamics), the political environment remains hostile to their political advancement (demand-side dynamics). Further, the socio-historical conditions of the next cohort of women political actors, now approaching post-active motherhood are indicative of limited opportunities for political apprenticeship compared to their seniors. We argue for a far-sighted approach to research and practice aimed at increasing women’s political leadership that analyses and works with culturally and historically specific life-courses for each incoming generation of women political actors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1795-1806
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1919633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1919633
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kerem Nisancioglu
Author-X-Name-First: Kerem
Author-X-Name-Last: Nisancioglu
Title: Worldmaking After Empire: The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1975-1977
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956154
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956154
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Babb
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Babb
Title: Imperialism and the Developing World: How Britain and the United States Shaped the Global Periphery
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1974-1975
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1962613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1962613
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Charlotte Buisson
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Charlotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Buisson
Author-Name: Soumya Balasubramanya
Author-X-Name-First: Soumya
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanya
Author-Name: David Stifel
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Stifel
Title: Electric Pumps, Groundwater, Agriculture and Water Buyers: Evidence from West Bengal
Abstract: 
 Irrigation with electric pumps is cheaper than with diesel pumps in West Bengal where electricity and diesel are unsubsidised, and where pump owners typically irrigate their winter rice crop and often sell water to farmers who do not own pumps. Using purposefully selected primary data, we examine whether electric-pump owners have greater water access and rice production during the monsoon and winter seasons compared to diesel-pump owners and water buyers. We also examine whether electric pump-owners provide greater access to irrigation services through water sales. We find that electric-pump ownership increased agricultural outputs both at the extensive and intensive margins in both seasons. The number of clients served by electric-pump owners was greater than those served by diesel-pump owners, but there was only a small difference in total irrigated areas, suggesting that electric-pump owners sell water to farmers with smaller land holdings. The evidence indicates that in an environment where inadequate irrigation has been one of the factors constraining agriculture, electric pumps have the potential to support agricultural growth and generate pro-poor side effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1893-1911
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1906862
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haiyuan Wan
Author-X-Name-First: Haiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wan
Author-Name: Fabio Clementi
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Clementi
Title: The Long-Term Evolution of Income Polarisation in China, 1995-2018
Abstract: 
 Based on data from the Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP) and the recently extended ‘relative distribution’ method, this paper analyses the long-term evolution of income polarisation in China from 1995 to 2018 and identifies some of the drivers of the observed changes in polarisation during these years. The results show that although income inequality in China continued to expand from 1995 to 2018, income polarisation experienced a historic reversal, as it decreased significantly between 2013 and 2018 due to decreases in polarisation in both the lower and upper tails of the distribution. Among the factors driving these changes, endowment factors such as urbanisation and increased educational attainment are identified as the sources of declining polarisation at the bottom of the distribution, whereas declining returns to education and employment are the main reasons for the reduced polarisation at the top. Additionally, the polarisation between urban and rural areas significantly decreased from 2013 to 2018, while the middle class also expanded apparently, thus contributing to the historic decline in overall polarisation during these years.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1945-1972
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1928638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1928638
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bina Agarwal
Author-X-Name-First: Bina
Author-X-Name-Last: Agarwal
Author-Name: Pervesh Anthwal
Author-X-Name-First: Pervesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Anthwal
Author-Name: Malvika Mahesh
Author-X-Name-First: Malvika
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahesh
Title: How Many and Which Women Own Land in India? Inter-gender and Intra-gender Gaps
Abstract: 
 Measuring gender inequality in land ownership is essential for assessing progress in women’s economic empowerment, tracing the impact of progressive laws on actual practice, and monitoring SDG 5 on gender equality. To effectively assess inter-gender (male-female) gaps in land ownership, however, requires multiple measures. We also need to know which women are more likely to own land by tracing intra-gender differences. To date, no study on India has provided a full range of measures on inter-gender inequality in land ownership or focused on intra-gender variations. This paper uses unique longitudinal data to measure inter-gender gaps in agricultural land ownership through multiple indicators, and changes over 2009–2014 across nine states. It also analyses intra-gender gaps, and identifies the factors–individual, household and regional–affecting a woman’s likelihood of owning land. Despite significant advancement towards equality in inheritance laws, women are found to constitute barely 14% of landowners owning 11% of agricultural land in rural landowning households, averaged across states. Moreover, women are significantly more likely to inherit land as widows than as daughters, highlighting the divergence between the legal strengthening of daughters’ rights and the social legitimacy that widows’ claims continue to enjoy over daughters’ claims.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1807-1829
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1887478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1887478
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richmond Atta-Ankomah
Author-X-Name-First: Richmond
Author-X-Name-Last: Atta-Ankomah
Author-Name: Robert Darko Osei
Author-X-Name-First: Robert Darko
Author-X-Name-Last: Osei
Title: Structural Change and Welfare: A Micro Panel Data Evidence from Ghana
Abstract: 
 Ghana is an example of a developing economy where both output and employment have shifted from agriculture to services and where structural change has not followed the standard pattern observed for many industrialised countries. However, there appears to be a limited understanding of what this changing structure means for poverty reduction and welfare for Ghana, with previous studies focusing mainly on the growth effect of structural change. This article interrogates the welfare effects of cross-sector labour movements in Ghana using the first two waves of the Ghana Socio-economic Panel Surveys. Our results show that labour movements from agriculture to services improve welfare while a move from services to agriculture decreases welfare. We also find that women and younger people are more likely to undertake the welfare-enhancing move, from agriculture to services, than men and older people respectively. On the other hand, we find that men, older people and individuals with relatively high-risk profile are more likely to move from services to agriculture. These findings support the view that structural change in Ghana have played a significant role in Ghana’s poverty reduction achievements in the last three decades.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1927-1944
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1939864
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1939864
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isaac Koomson
Author-X-Name-First: Isaac
Author-X-Name-Last: Koomson
Author-Name: Sefa Awaworyi Churchill
Author-X-Name-First: Sefa Awaworyi
Author-X-Name-Last: Churchill
Title: Ethnic Diversity and Food Insecurity: Evidence from Ghana
Abstract: 
 We examine the link between ethnic diversity and food insecurity. Using data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey, we measure food insecurity using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and measure ethnic diversity at the district level using information from the Ghana Population and Housing Census. After addressing endogeneity, we find that an increase in ethnic diversity is associated with an increase in food insecurity. This result is robust to different approaches to addressing endogeneity, different measures of ethnic diversity and alternative ways of conceptualising food insecurity. Our findings further show that trust, threat of criminal violence and threat of war/conflict are important channels through which ethnic diversity influences food insecurity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1912-1926
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1928641
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1928641
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neha Bailwal
Author-X-Name-First: Neha
Author-X-Name-Last: Bailwal
Author-Name: Sourabh Paul
Author-X-Name-First: Sourabh
Author-X-Name-Last: Paul
Title: Caste Discrimination in Provision of Public Schools in Rural India
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to understand discrimination in the provision of public schools in rural India and how it affects the educational outcome of social groups. Using census data, we find that villages with a higher share of marginalised castes viz. Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) have a lower probability of having public schools. The negative relationship is non-monotonic as the marginal probabilities get weaker beyond a threshold level of SC/ST share. Though the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (Education for All) programme, mainly intended to expand elementary education, has reduced the gaps in the provision of primary schools, the extent of discrimination has increased at the secondary level. A strong association between public schools and educational outcomes highlights the importance of public schools. Finally, we show that the caste-based provisioning of public schools partially explains the disparity in the educational outcomes across social groups.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1830-1851
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1862796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2020.1862796
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kuhelika De
Author-X-Name-First: Kuhelika
Author-X-Name-Last: De
Author-Name: Venoo Kakar
Author-X-Name-First: Venoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Kakar
Title: Effects of Monetary Policy on Food Inequality in India
Abstract: 
 Food insecurity and hunger are significant components of standard poverty measures and continue to be pressing issues in emerging market economies. However, these issues have received less attention in examining the indirect effects of monetary policy. In this paper, we study the impact of monetary policy on food inequality in India. Specifically, we examine the impact of monetary policy shocks on relative food prices and the distribution of food consumption, focusing on subsistence food consumption of poor households. Using the most recent household survey data, we estimate the dynamic effects of monetary policy shocks on relative food prices and the distribution of food consumption in rural and urban India using a dynamic common factor model. Our results show that expansionary monetary policy shocks increase the relative price of food, reduce the food consumption of poor households, and raise food consumption inequality across households. Increase in the relative price of food following a monetary expansion disproportionately hurts the poor relative to the non-poor. This is the first study to provide evidence of a ‘food price channel’ in monetary policy transmission to understand food inequality. This study holds important policy implications for Indian central bankers and policymakers as well as for those in similar emerging market economies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1852-1870
Issue: 11
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1906861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1906861
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deasy D. Pane
Author-X-Name-First: Deasy D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pane
Author-Name: Arianto A. Patunru
Author-X-Name-First: Arianto A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Patunru
Title: Does Export Experience Improve Firms’ Productivity? Evidence from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Once a firm enters a foreign market, its productivity should increase thanks to the exposure to new knowledge and experience abroad. We test this hypothesis of ‘learning-by-exporting’ by scrutinising export experience while controlling for self-selection effect. To measure learning, previous studies rely on productivity before- and after exporting, or on previous export participation, and so do not consider the evolving experience of exporting firms. In contrast, we use ‘export age’ – the number of years a firm is engaged in exporting activities. Based on Indonesian firm-level data from 2000 to 2012, we find that exporter’s productivity increases with export age, but the effect decreases once the firm becomes more experienced. Such effect is larger for relatively bigger firms and for those in certain industries in the footloose, capital-intensive sectors, such as motor vehicles and chemicals production. A policy implication of our study is that easier export procedure and access to information about foreign markets will be beneficial for firms, especially the new exporters.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2156-2176
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1965126
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1965126
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Darko
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Darko
Author-Name: Giovanni Occhiali
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Occhiali
Author-Name: Enrico Vanino
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanino
Title: The Chinese are Here: Import Penetration and Firm Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 This study presents the first micro-level analysis of the causal effect of Chinese import penetration on firm productivity in 24 sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. We make key contributions to the literature by examining the heterogeneous effects of Chinese imports on firm productivity using data on transport infrastructure, and by distinguishing between import competition and import of intermediate inputs. Two instrumental variables, one based on exogenous geographic characteristic of ports and transportation technology shock, and the other based on a supply-side shock, are constructed to address the endogeneity of import penetration. The results indicate that imports from China impact positively on firm productivity, mainly through imports of intermediate inputs, and there is significant heterogeneity of these effects in terms of firms’ proximity to ports and initial productivity level. Overall, our findings suggest that Chinese imports could be viewed as an opportunity for Sub-Sahara Africa firms to enhance their productivity. Furthermore, they highlight the need for developing countries to invest in transport infrastructure to effectively promote firms participation in international markets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2112-2135
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956468
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956468
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yundan Gong
Author-X-Name-First: Yundan
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong
Author-Name: Aoife Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Aoife
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: Exports and New Products in China – A Generalised Propensity Score Approach with Firm-to-Firm Spillovers
Abstract: 
 Underpinning China’s technological advancement are the twin-engines of exports and innovation. To better understand China’s meteoric economic transformation, we explore the extent to which new products are triggered by exports (direct effects) and by exposure to other exporters (indirect effects). Our methodology (generalised propensity score model) tackles two sources of selectivity bias – at the level of the firm and neighbourhood. Given that production is highly specialised and localised, it would be unusual if firms failed to learn from exposure to local exporters.Our findings reveal an overwhelmingly positive direct effect of exports on new product introductions. Also, a more modest spillover effect. Interestingly, firms with a reduced need to innovate (processing exporters) can also appropriate export spillovers. Our findings have implications for other developing countries seeking to maximise exporting in economic clusters, promoting innovation and ultimately growth.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2136-2155
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956470
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marion W. Dixon
Author-X-Name-First: Marion W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon
Title: Food Insecurity and Revolution in the Middle East and North Africa: Agrarian Questions in Egypt and Tunisia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2177-2178
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1964722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1964722
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DYLAN Fitz
Author-X-Name-First: DYLAN
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitz
Author-Name: Riley League
Author-X-Name-First: Riley
Author-X-Name-Last: League
Title: School, Shocks, and Safety Nets: Can Conditional Cash Transfers Protect Human Capital Investments during Rainfall Shocks?
Abstract: 
 Short-run income shocks can negatively impact school attendance when children are pulled out in order to work, either based on the need for greater income during negative shocks or the increased opportunity cost of child time during positive shocks. This paper proxies for income shocks using fluctuations in local rainfall and evaluates its impact on child schooling, labour force participation, and domestic work. We then investigate whether conditional cash transfers are able to protect school attendance during these temporary shocks. Using data on Brazil’s Bolsa Família programme along with municipal-level rainfall data, we find that positive rainfall shocks cause children to increase the likelihood of paid labour but Bolsa partially mitigates these effects, though less so among boys and older children. Furthermore, we find evidence that even when children do not drop out of school during these shocks, Bolsa may not fully maintain their intensity of school attendance and shocks may hinder academic progress. These results suggest that higher wages cause children to substitute time away from schooling, but that Bolsa acts as a partial safety net that stabilises human capital investments during short-run shocks and may help produce larger long-run benefits.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2002-2026
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1928640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1928640
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fleur Wouterse
Author-X-Name-First: Fleur
Author-X-Name-Last: Wouterse
Author-Name: Sunday Odjo
Author-X-Name-First: Sunday
Author-X-Name-Last: Odjo
Title: Weather Shocks and Planting Stage Investments: Evidence from Niger
Abstract: 
 The dependence of rainfed agriculture on weather shocks means that managing risk is an important preoccupation of smallholders in Niger. In the absence of objective probabilities that can be attached to rainfall conditions, farmers formulate their own beliefs about uncertain outcomes. The role that these beliefs play in household decision making, and thus the potential gains associated with more skilled forecasts, is not yet well understood. In the current paper, we aim to fill this gap in the literature. In what follows we lay out an inter-temporal model of farm household decision making and apply this to recent survey data of rural households in Niger to shed light on whether and to what extent household behavior regarding investments in risky inputs is affected by expected rainfall conditions. We find that a farmer’s belief that rainfall conditions are favorable is associated with more spending on risky inputs and that returns to input use are higher when we control for the bias induced by omitting household decision-making on input use from the production process. Our results suggest that there is potential for weather information to induce profit-maximizing behavior of risk-averse farmers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2027-2044
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1939865
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1939865
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Brenton
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Brenton
Author-Name: Mike Nyawo
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyawo
Title: Cereal Prices and Child Undernutrition in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper looks at how changing cereal prices affect child undernutrition in Ethiopia. It derives height for age (stunting) and weight for height (wasting) as indicators of child undernutrition from the two most recent years of the Living Standards Measurement Survey and utilises market prices for key cereals, teff, wheat, and maize in enumeration areas across all regions of the country. Using a panel data fixed effects model, the analysis finds that, contrary to previous studies, rising cereal prices are positively associated with improved child stunting rates for children between ages 6 months and 5 years. There is no evidence to suggest that cereal prices have a significantly greater impact on height for age for children that come from households who are net sellers of these crops. Cereal prices do not appear to be associated with wasting, which is a short-term negative health outcome.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2045-2062
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1939862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1939862
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Yan Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Yan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Chunbing Xing
Author-X-Name-First: Chunbing
Author-X-Name-Last: Xing
Title: Son Preference and Human Capital Investment among China’s Rural-urban Migrant Households
Abstract: 
 We use several datasets to study whether son preference prevails in the human capital investment among Chinese rural-urban migrant households. We find that son preference exists among the rural migrants’ households and that it caused lower probabilities relative to that of their boy counterparts that school-age girls will migrate with their parents – a difference that is absent for children of preschool age. We also find that (1) migrant households with multiple children tend to take their sons to migrate more than they take their daughters, and (2) parents of boy students spend more on their children’s education can be largely explained by the extra costs of schooling for migrant households. Our results suggest that son preference is detrimental to human capital investment for girls in contemporary China when institutional arrangements result in high costs of schooling for migrants.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2077-2094
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1961750
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher A. McHugh
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher A.
Author-X-Name-Last: McHugh
Title: Mobilising Private Funding of Development Finance
Abstract: 
 Successful delivery of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is dependent upon mobilising private sector finance. From a lending perspective, this requires banks to co-invest or otherwise divert more resources to development finance. To provide insights into the effectiveness of this important initiative, this paper reviews key literature across Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar using a defined set of keyword searches. Four main themes of future research are identified. First, the international political economy has an influence on the competitive conditions in development finance and these forces need to be explained. Second, the structure of development projects affects the extent to which private sector capital is willing to be mobilised. More insights are needed into how private sector banks can be influenced. Third, the manner in which development banks participate in development projects affects the availability of credit. A greater understanding of their role could unlock greater financing flows. Finally, it is shown that risk appetite and mitigation of development finance affects pricing and credit availability which is another critical component of delivering the SDGs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1979-2001
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1945042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1945042
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Mawia Mwema
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Mawia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mwema
Author-Name: Wibke Crewett
Author-X-Name-First: Wibke
Author-X-Name-Last: Crewett
Author-Name: Job Lagat
Author-X-Name-First: Job
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagat
Title: Smallholders’ Personal Networks in Access to Agricultural Markets: A Case of African Leafy Vegetables Commercialisation in Kenya
Abstract: 
 We innovatively applied a bifocal approach to network analysis – integrating qualitative and quantitative data – to assess smallholders’ personal networks in access to markets. Exploring a case of conventional and institutional markets for leafy vegetables, we found close networks of family members, friends and neighbors, as gatekeepers in access to institutional markets. Beyond farmer groups, non-farmer groups and religious networks are strategic networks facilitating bulk purchases and linking smallholders to markets. We recommend that policy and programs aimed at smallholders' market development should employ strategies targeted at both farmer groups and non-farm associations, among farming communities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2063-2076
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1971650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1971650
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandra Sotiriou
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotiriou
Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose
Title: Chinese vs. US Trade in an Emerging Country: The Impact of Trade Openness in Chile
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the effects of import competition on the manufacturing sector in Chile following the implementation of the country’s two largest Free Trade Agreements (FTA) (with the USA and China). Exploiting cross-industry variation in import exposure, we analyse the effects on manufacturing sales, employment and labour productivity at the finest level of industrial classification (4 digit ISIC level). We detect an overall negative effect of increased Chinese import penetration, owing to substitution effects from low and medium tech imports and a less pronounced effect from USA imports. By introducing interaction effects, we find that the levels of foreign ownership and the export intensity of the domestic industries reverse the negative effect due to the opportunities offered via participation in global value chains. An IV strategy is applied to address standard endogeneity concerns and confirm the robustness of our estimates.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2095-2111
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956469
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Teichman
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Teichman
Title: Neoliberal Resilience. Lessons in Democracy and Development from Latin America and Eastern Europe
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2178-2180
Issue: 12
Volume: 57
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1968602
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1968602
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saloni Khurana
Author-X-Name-First: Saloni
Author-X-Name-Last: Khurana
Author-Name: Kanika Mahajan
Author-X-Name-First: Kanika
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahajan
Title: Public Safety for Women: Is Regulation of Social Drinking Spaces Effective?
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of reduced availability of hard liquor in bars on sexual crimes against women outside their homes. We construct a district level panel dataset on reported crimes and use an identification strategy that exploits a natural experiment that led to a complete crackdown on bars selling hard liquor in a state of India. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, we show that placing restrictions on alcohol sale through closure of on-premise drinking outlets that serve hard liquor reduces reported incidence of sexual assault and harassment against women but has no effect on reported rapes. We conduct placebo tests and show that the result is not driven by existing pre-trends. The result is also robust to an alternative estimation strategy using a synthetic control construction and the most conservative estimate shows a reduction in sexual assaults by 10%. These results have policy implications for regulating social drinking spaces due to their impact on women’s public safety.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 164-182
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1961747
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1961747
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adriaan van Klinken
Author-X-Name-First: Adriaan
Author-X-Name-Last: van Klinken
Title: Out of Time: The Queer Politics of Postcoloniality
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 210-211
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1968604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1968604
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert H. Wade
Author-X-Name-First: Robert H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wade
Title: The Narrow Corridor: States, Societies, and the Fate of Liberty
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 204-209
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2005783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2005783
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anisha Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Anisha
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Title: The Long Run Impact of a Macroeconomic Crisis on Schooling Outcomes
Abstract: 
 The effect of an aggregate economic shock on human capital formation is theoretically ambiguous. When real wages fall during a recession, households face both a drop in their real incomes, as well as lower wages in available jobs. The impacts, particularly in the long run, on educational attainment and labour market outcomes is uncertain. I exploit the heterogeneous impact of an economic recession as measured by the variation in rice price increases to find that, for net consumers of rice, higher rice price increases are associated with small declines in school participation for younger children, who have limited labour market opportunities, and large declines in employment for older children, who face higher opportunity costs of schooling. The results are reversed for net producers of rice. The fall in wages protects older children from suffering adverse long-run consequences to their educational attainment. However, children who face higher wages during critical junctures in their schooling are more likely to start working and face reductions in human capital investments. These differences in investments have significant long-term effects on later-life income, employment status and sector of employment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 115-144
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1961751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1961751
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zografia Bika
Author-X-Name-First: Zografia
Author-X-Name-Last: Bika
Author-Name: Madina Subalova
Author-X-Name-First: Madina
Author-X-Name-Last: Subalova
Author-Name: Catherine Locke
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Locke
Title: Microfinance and Small Business Development in a Transitional Economy: Insights from Borrowers’ Relations with Microfinance Organisations in Kazakhstan
Abstract: 
 Microfinance is seen as an important vehicle for developing small businesses in developing and transitional economies despite the relative absence of supporting research. We use mixed methods to offer a nuanced empirical exploration of the relationship between microfinance and everyday entrepreneurial practice(s) in Kazakhstan. As in many transitional contexts, ‘unbankable’ borrowers here operate in a vibrant informal sector, face high degrees of uncertainty, and retain a strong distrust of a corrupt/predatory state. Our data-based methodology for analysing borrowers’ diverse relationships with microfinance organisations (MFOs) generates insights into their multiple pathways to business development. Both ‘outreac\h’ and ‘commercialised’ MFOs sustain micro-flows of resources that are critical for everyday entrepreneurs who need to finance ongoing consumption and contingencies whilst also (and by) building up their small businesses. Microfinance use did not promote formalisation or impersonalised banking relationships. Instead, MFOs focused primarily on repayment, clients’ businesses remained partially formalised or unregistered across all stages of growth and the lending relationships preferred by Private MFOs and borrowers were highly personalised. Consequently, we call for assumptions about how microfinance can (and should) drive small business development need to be rethought for transitional contexts.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 183-203
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956472
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-I
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1973727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1973727
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kashi Kafle
Author-X-Name-First: Kashi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kafle
Author-Name: Oluwatoba Omotilewa
Author-X-Name-First: Oluwatoba
Author-X-Name-Last: Omotilewa
Author-Name: Mansoor Leh
Author-X-Name-First: Mansoor
Author-X-Name-Last: Leh
Author-Name: Petra Schmitter
Author-X-Name-First: Petra
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitter
Title: Who is Likely to Benefit from Public and Private Sector Investments in Farmer-led Irrigation Development? Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 In recent years, farmer-led irrigation development has gained the interest of development partners and governments in the Global South following its success in enhancing agricultural production and livelihoods in South Asia. However, little is known about the socio-economic situation of farmers who receive public support for its expansion. Considering its rapid expansion in sub-Saharan Africa, we take the case of Ethiopia and explore the relationship between irrigation suitability and farmers’ socio-economic status. We find that high-value crop producers and wealthier farmers are most likely to make private investments and also benefit from public support in farmer-led irrigation expansion if investments are directed to land areas highly suitable for irrigation. Cultivation of high-value crops (fruit, vegetables) was common in areas more suitable for irrigation but staple crop cultivation (cereals, legumes) was negatively associated with irrigation suitability. Wealth status (consumption expenditure, asset index, and land size) was also positively correlated with irrigation suitability. A 10 per cent increase in groundwater irrigation suitability score was associated with a 2 per cent increase in per-capita consumption expenditure. Results imply that policies aiming to facilitate farmer-led irrigation development should combine biophysical information on land and water suitability for irrigation with household socio-economic characteristics and existing agricultural systems.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 55-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1939866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1939866
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Udayan Rathore
Author-X-Name-First: Udayan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rathore
Author-Name: Upasak Das
Author-X-Name-First: Upasak
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Title: Health Consequences of Patriarchal Kinship System for the Elderly: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 The patriarchal kinship system in India considers sons as harbingers of prosperity and daughters as liabilities who require significant outlay of resources through their lifetimes. This social system assigns a higher value to sons and perpetuates discrimination in various forms. In this paper, instead of focusing on inferior outcomes for daughters, we provide empirical evidence of disproportionate penalties placed on long-term health outcomes of their parents. Using nationally representative data on health expenditure and outcomes for 2014, we find that a higher number of daughters are associated with increased probabilities of chronic ailment and self-reported poor health among the elderly. The effects are significantly weaker for scheduled tribes, a social group with relatively egalitarian gender norms. Also, these effects are stronger for higher quintiles of standardised number of daughters. Our findings remain robust to a variety of internal validity tests. In particular, we use a recent method that accounts for omitted variable bias to arrive at consistent estimates of bias adjusted treatment effects. Improved access to education and employment for daughters, adequate social protection and milestone-based conditional cash transfers are some ways to ameliorate this bias.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 145-163
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1939863
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1939863
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: The Globotics Upheaval: Globalisation, Robotics and the Future of Work
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 211-212
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1969753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1969753
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sudha Narayanan
Author-X-Name-First: Sudha
Author-X-Name-Last: Narayanan
Author-Name: Erin Lentz
Author-X-Name-First: Erin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lentz
Author-Name: Marzia Fontana
Author-X-Name-First: Marzia
Author-X-Name-Last: Fontana
Author-Name: Bharati Kulkarni
Author-X-Name-First: Bharati
Author-X-Name-Last: Kulkarni
Title: Rural Women’s Empowerment in Nutrition: A Framework Linking Food, Health and Institutions
Abstract: 
 Undernutrition remains a wide spread problem, especially for women and their children. A wide body of research has identified women’s empowerment as a contributor to nutritional outcomes for children, and, to a lesser extent, for women themselves. Yet, evidence remains mixed, in part reflecting the difficulties of measuring empowerment, in general and as it relates to nutrition. In-depth interviews with women from rural South Asia reveal that women’s ability to achieve adequate nutritional outcomes often encompass factors overlooked in existing empowerment measures. Combining theories of empowerment and drivers of nutrition with rich case studies from Bangladesh and India, we formulate the concept of women’s nutritional empowerment. We then develop a framework, the Women’s Empowerment in Nutrition grid, to measure and operationalise nutritional empowerment. Our contribution addresses the lack of a systematic approach in the use of empowerment measures in the nutrition literature by formalising a nutrition-focused definition of empowerment. Our conceptualisation offers a basis for a range of tools to inform the design and implementation of effective policies aimed at improving nutrition, with a specific focus on rural women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-18
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1961746
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1961746
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Benoît Falisse
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Benoît
Author-X-Name-Last: Falisse
Author-Name: Nastassia Leszczynska
Author-X-Name-First: Nastassia
Author-X-Name-Last: Leszczynska
Title: Do Anti-Corruption Messages Improve Public Service Delivery? Insights from a Lab-in-the-Field Experiment in Burundi
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the effects of anti-corruption sensitisation messages on bribe-taking and public service delivery. In a novel lab-in-the-field experiment in Burundi, 527 public servants were asked to allocate rationed vouchers between anonymous citizens; some of these citizens attempted to bribe the public servants to obtain more vouchers than entitled. Two groups of public servants were randomly exposed to similar short messages that called to either the idea of good governance or professional values of integrity. Public servants exposed to the professional identity message behaved in a more equitable manner than those not exposed to any message. We hypothesise that reflecting upon professional values increases moral costs and prompts fairer service delivery. Bribe-taking was not impacted by the messages and bribe-taking and service delivery appear to be distinct dimensions, correlated to different variables. The experiment provides new insights into the design of public service improvement and anti-corruption strategies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 96-114
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1969010
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1969010
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:1:p:96-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ISAAC Bonuedi
Author-X-Name-First: ISAAC
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonuedi
Author-Name: Nicolas Gerber
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerber
Author-Name: Lukas Kornher
Author-X-Name-First: Lukas
Author-X-Name-Last: Kornher
Title: Intervening in Cash Crop Value Chains for Improved Nutrition: Evidence from Rural Sierra Leone
Abstract: 
 Despite their economic importance, some export-oriented cash crops inherently have low nutritional value for smallholder farmers in developing countries, where the prevalence of malnutrition and food insecurity remains alarming. This paper investigates the nutritional effects of a multi-faceted nutrition-sensitive agricultural programme, uniquely designed to address food and nutrition insecurity among smallholder cocoa, coffee and cashew farmers in Sierra Leone. Estimation of programme effects is done using the inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment, which addresses potential selection bias on observables and accommodates multiple programme exposure. We do not find a positive effect on household and individual dietary outcomes of the production-focused component, unless it is complemented with nutrition education. The analysis shows that combining both cash crop production and nutrition interventions significantly improves household, maternal and children’s dietary diversity and, more importantly, the intake of micronutrient-rich foods among smallholder cash cropping households. This result holds after controlling for unobserved heterogeneity using the correlated random effects model. We found improvements in nutrition knowledge, and women’s confidence to be the potential pathways linking the combined intervention to better dietary outcomes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 38-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1945043
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1945043
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarmiento Barletti
Author-Name: Anne M. Larson
Author-X-Name-First: Anne M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Larson
Author-Name: Nicole Heise Vigil
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole
Author-X-Name-Last: Heise Vigil
Title: Understanding Difference to Build Bridges among Stakeholders: Perceptions of Participation in Four Multi-stakeholder Forums in the Peruvian Amazon
Abstract: 
 As interest grows in supporting multi-stakeholder forums (MSFs) to address land-use and climate change, it is important to understand how these processes operate from the perspectives of their participants. The academic literature on their equity largely presents a dichotomy: participatory processes either allow for horizontal decision-making with more equitable and effective outcomes for local populations, or they mask technologies of governance that do not address – and may reinforce – structures of inequality. These two perspectives downplay the different, complex and sometimes nuanced perceptions and experiences of participation. In order to better understand these nuances, the authors applied Q-methodology to analyse and compare the perceptions of MSF participants and organisers in four forums in the Peruvian Amazon. The research finds that participants are often optimistic about the forums, but at the same time they are aware of risks; and that groups falling into both camps may be just as likely to fail to address inequality among participants but for different reasons. The results help identify points of convergence and divergence, and potential ways forward to help construct more equitable and effective MSFs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 19-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1945041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1945041
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Donaubauer
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Donaubauer
Author-Name: Peter Kannen
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Kannen
Author-Name: Frauke Steglich
Author-X-Name-First: Frauke
Author-X-Name-Last: Steglich
Title: Foreign Direct Investment & Petty Corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Empirical Analysis at the Local Level
Abstract: 
 Inspired by a recent and ongoing debate about whether foreign direct investment (FDI) represents a blessing for or an impediment to economic, social, and political development in FDI host countries this paper addresses two issues: Does the presence of foreign investors impact the occurrence of petty corruption? If so, what are the main underlying mechanisms? Geocoding an original firm-level dataset and combining it with georeferenced household survey data, this is a first attempt to analyse whether the presence of foreign investors is associated with changes in local corruption around foreign-owned production facilities in 19 Sub-Saharan African countries. Applying an estimation strategy that explores the spatial and temporal variation in the data, we find strong and consistent evidence that the presence of foreign firms increases bribery among people living nearby. When examining two potential channels, we find no clear support that FDI-induced economic activity leads to more corruption. In contrast, the results provide evidence that FDI affects corruption via norm transmission.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 76-95
Issue: 1
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1956471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1956471
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomaz M. F. Gemignani
Author-X-Name-First: Thomaz M. F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gemignani
Author-Name: Ricardo A. Madeira
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Madeira
Title: Social Learning and Policy Adoption: Evidence from an Education Reform in Brazil
Abstract: 
 We investigate the role of social learning among local government officials in fostering the diffusion of an education programme presented with a reasonable degree of technological and political uncertainty about its outcomes, the schooling decentralisation reform in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. We consider different natures of the exchange of information on the newly adopted tasks, and assess which aspects of the returns to programme participation were most valued by officials in their learning process. Specifically, we attempt to determine the extent to which adherence to the reform resulted from electoral motivations rather than from concerns regarding the quality of education. We present evidence that social learning constitutes a key factor to policy implementation, and we find that mayors that could run for re-election became more likely to support the programme upon receiving good news about its electoral returns. By contrast, information on experiences that were successful in improving the quality of education appears to have been valued and effectively put to use only by term-limited officials or when conveyed by copartisan neighbours.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 310-332
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1965128
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1965128
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naome Otiti
Author-X-Name-First: Naome
Author-X-Name-Last: Otiti
Author-Name: Cécile Godfroid
Author-X-Name-First: Cécile
Author-X-Name-Last: Godfroid
Author-Name: Roy Mersland
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Mersland
Author-Name: Bert D’Espallier
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Espallier
Title: Does it (Re)pay to be Female? Considering Gender in Microfinance Loan Officer-Client Pairs
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the effect of the gender combination of client-loan officer pairs on loan repayment in an Ecuadorian microfinance institution. We show that among the four possible client-loan officer gender pairs i.e. female client-female loan officer, female client-male loan officer, male client-male loan officer and male client-female loan officer, the most favourable pairs in terms of repayment are those with female loan officers whereas the least favourable are those with male loan officers. We also show that repayment is even further enhanced for all client-loan officer pairs when the client’s previous loan officer was a woman. Our findings point to relational differences between male and female loan officers when interacting with microfinance clients, which is also highlighted by our qualitative insights from the field.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 259-274
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983167
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983167
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vasudha Chhotray
Author-X-Name-First: Vasudha
Author-X-Name-Last: Chhotray
Author-Name: David Singh
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: The Making of Land and the Making of India
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 412-413
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1972917
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1972917
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:2:p:412-413




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Po Yin Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Po Yin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Title: Dynamics in the Returns to Capital: Natural Experimental Evidence from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 This paper uses the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami as a natural experiment to estimate returns to capital over time. With a sample of surviving fishermen who lost their boats and received aid boats, we find that more productive fishermen before the disaster retained their productive edge ex-post, controlling for boat quality and fishing conditions. Returns to innate ability, measured by ex-ante productivity, became more important over time; while returns to physical capital became less important. These findings highlight the importance of innate ability in explaining long-run productivity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 388-409
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2003334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2003334
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Martinez-Correa
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinez-Correa
Author-Name: Leonardo Peñaloza-Pacheco
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Peñaloza-Pacheco
Author-Name: Leonardo Gasparini
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gasparini
Title: Latin American Brotherhood? Immigration and Preferences for Redistribution
Abstract: 
 Preferences for redistribution are critical determinants of the size of the welfare state and, therefore, of the level of inequality in a country. In this paper, we explore the effect of immigration on preferences for redistribution in the context of migration in Latin America, where migrants tend to have characteristics more similar to those of natives. To this aim, we exploit provincial-level data from a large attitudinal survey and match it with immigration data from different sources. We follow three approaches: first, we exploit within-country variation in a cross-sectional analysis with census data; second, we estimate a fixed effects model with data from a large sample of harmonised national household surveys; and third, we exploit the massive influx of Venezuelan refugees into the border country of Colombia with an instrumental variables approach. Our results consistently suggest a significant, negative, non-monotonic relationship between the share of immigrants at the provincial level and support for redistributive policies. The effect is mainly explained by Latin American and low-skilled immigrants, and is stronger for high-income respondents.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 234-258
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1961748
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1961748
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco d’Errico
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: d’Errico
Author-Name: Rama Dasi Mariani
Author-X-Name-First: Rama Dasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariani
Author-Name: Rebecca Pietrelli
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrelli
Author-Name: Furio Camillo Rosati
Author-X-Name-First: Furio Camillo
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosati
Title: Refugee-Host Proximity and Market Creation in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Many refugees remain for long time in host countries and to assess their impact on the welfare of local communities is essential for policy design. We focus on Uganda, a country that hosts the largest number of refugees in SSA. We analyse whether and to what extent the proximity to refugees increases the welfare and the level of economic activity of hosting-community households by generating incentives for economic exchanges. To measure the potential of interaction we use the distance between hosting-community and refugee households and we test the robustness of our results by implementing different approaches. We conclude that, beyond the possible effects due to the benefits provided by the agencies caring for refugees, the direct interaction between them and the hosts generates an increase in both the level and the types of the economic activity carried out by the hosts. However, the market creation is limited to a radius of approximately 5 kilometres.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 213-233
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1961749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1961749
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quynh Hoang
Author-X-Name-First: Quynh
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoang
Author-Name: Laure Pasquier-Doumer
Author-X-Name-First: Laure
Author-X-Name-Last: Pasquier-Doumer
Author-Name: Camille Saint-Macary
Author-X-Name-First: Camille
Author-X-Name-Last: Saint-Macary
Title: Ethnicity And Risk Sharing Network Formation: Evidence From Rural Vietnam
Abstract: 
 The ethnic divide remains a persistent challenge for Vietnam. This paper explores one mechanism that could drive ethnic inequalities by analysing risk-sharing networks in rural communes. After finding substantial differences in size and composition between ethnic minority and Kinh household networks, we explore homophily patterns in link formation as drivers of these differences. In particular, we disentangle baseline homophily stemming from the different local distributions of ethnic groups from inbreeding homophily resulting from mechanisms such as ethnic-based preferences and/or biased matching processes and its effects on network structure. We find that ethnic segregation in social networks (inbreeding homophily) leads to ethnic minorities having smaller, less diversified networks than the Kinh majority. We show that inbreeding homophily is more frequent in Kinh networks than in other groups; and seems to be driven in part by segmentation of social interactions within rural communes. This pattern means that compared to other groups, Kinh could be more efficiently insured against covariant risks as they can rely on larger and more diversified risk-sharing network in terms of member occupation and location. Under this view, inequalities among ethnic groups in Vietnam appear to be partially rooted in the cultural and social distances between them.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 370-387
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1971652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1971652
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joyita Roy Chowdhury
Author-X-Name-First: Joyita
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy Chowdhury
Title: Elite Status, Market Linkages, and Contributions to Collective Goods: Evidence from a Survey and Public Goods Experiments
Abstract: 
 Cooperation is particularly important in the management of common resources where the user rights of individuals are collective. We used a one-shot public goods experiment to construct a measure of social capital, based on ‘multilateral’ cooperative behaviour, where each participant had free-riding incentives. This study was conducted in four rural villages of Odisha in India in the course of a project studying irrigation. Participants were male farmers from different social groups. Combining survey data with the artefactual field experiments, we examined how an individual’s willingness to contribute to the collective good was affected by social and economic characteristics, and political connections to the local administrative unit. The results suggest interesting differences in cooperation: in the less remote villages, farmers were less cooperative on average compared to farmers living in more remote villages. Furthermore, we found that wealthy and influential farmers invested less in the provision of a public good, reducing the likelihood of successful collective action. The findings are relevant both to the ‘collective action in the commons’ discourse and the literature on using experimental methods to deal with an individual’s true preferences for a public good.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 333-349
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1969011
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1969011
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:2:p:333-349




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehreen Mookerjee
Author-X-Name-First: Mehreen
Author-X-Name-Last: Mookerjee
Author-Name: Manini Ojha
Author-X-Name-First: Manini
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojha
Author-Name: Sanket Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Sanket
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: Who’s your Neighbour? Social Influences on Domestic Violence
Abstract: 
 We examine the impact of neighbourhood physical domestic violence on the likelihood of being exposed to physical abuse within a household using nationally representative data from the fourth wave of the National Family Health Survey of India. To address potential endogeneity issues in analysing neighbourhood influences, we utilise an instrumental variables approach that compares households in the same state but different neighbourhoods. Using exogenous variation in neighbouring women’s exposure to parental violence in her natal family as an instrument for average neighbourhood domestic violence, we find that a 1 standard deviation increase in neighbourhood domestic violence leads to a 0.2 standard deviation increase in the probability of domestic violence within a household. We establish that domestic violence is not only driven by intra-household factors but also observable changes at a neighbourhood level.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 350-369
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1969012
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1969012
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristian Skrede Gleditsch
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian Skrede
Author-X-Name-Last: Gleditsch
Author-Name: Mauricio Rivera
Author-X-Name-First: Mauricio
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivera
Author-Name: Bárbara Zárate-Tenorio
Author-X-Name-First: Bárbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Zárate-Tenorio
Title: Can Education Reduce Violent Crime? Evidence from Mexico before and after the Drug War Onset
Abstract: 
 Existing theories relate higher education to lower crime rates, yet we have limited evidence on the crime-reducing effect of education in developing countries. We contribute to this literature by examining the effect of education on homicide in Mexico, where homicide rates decreased by nearly 55 percent from 1992 to 2007, before the surge of drug-related violence. We argue that a large amount of this reduction followed a compulsory schooling law at the secondary level in 1993, when the government undertook key education reforms to promote development and economic integration. We employ different empirical strategies that combine regression analysis, placebo tests, and an instrumental variable approach, and find that attendance in secondary and tertiary schools has a negative effect on homicide rates before the onset of the Drug War, although the evidence for secondary enrolment is more robust. This effect vanishes after the drug war onset, indicating that school attendance has different effects on different types of criminal activity. These findings suggest that policy makers can reduce crime and traditional forms of interpersonal violence by strengthening the education system.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 292-309
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1971649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1971649
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adriana Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: Adriana
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia
Author-Name: Francesco Cecchi
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Cecchi
Author-Name: Steffen Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksen
Author-Name: Robert Lensink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Lensink
Title: The Plus in Credit-Plus-Technical Assistance: Evidence from a Rural Microcredit Programme in Bolivia
Abstract: 
 Microfinance institutions traditionally focus on the provision of credit and other financial services. In light of recent evidence on the scant transformative effects of ‘standard’ microcredit models, however, some lenders are increasing efforts to offer additional non-financial services – such as business trainings and technical assistance. While literature on the effects of business trainings is quite voluminous, far less attention has been paid to microcredit in combination with technical assistance, especially salient in rural contexts. This study investigates a programme launched by Sembrar Sartawi, a Bolivian MFI, which complemented dairy farming credit with the provision of agronomic and veterinarian expertise. We collect data of approximately 600 dairy farmers from the Bolivian plateau over two data-collection waves, and conduct a variety of cross-sectional and panel regression analyses. We find that technical assistance has positive, statistically significant, and economically salient impacts on monthly revenues and milk production. Our study strongly suggests that providing access to technical assistance can be a very effective ‘plus’ instrument for MFIs providing financial services to rural clients. We also point at the importance of conducting further research related to cost-effectiveness, to assess whether MFIs may expand technical assistance and at the same time achieve self-sustainability.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 275-291
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1928639
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1928639
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Herman Mark Schwartz
Author-X-Name-First: Herman Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz
Title: Sustainable Futures: An Agenda for Action
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 410-411
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1972916
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1972916
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:2:p:410-411




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jana M. Kleibert
Author-X-Name-First: Jana M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleibert
Title: Lives on the Line: How the Philippines became the World’s Call Centre Capital
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 414-415
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1974153
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1974153
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:2:p:414-415







Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vasudha Chhotray
Author-X-Name-First: Vasudha
Author-X-Name-Last: Chhotray
Author-Name: David Singh
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: The Making of Land and the Making of India
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 411-413
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1972917
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1972917
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:2:p:411-413



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jana M. Kleibert
Author-X-Name-First: Jana M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleibert
Title: Lives on the Line: How the Philippines became the World’s Call Centre Capital
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 413-415
Issue: 2
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1974153
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1974153
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:2:p:413-415

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Biruk Terrefe
Author-X-Name-First: Biruk
Author-X-Name-Last: Terrefe
Title: Ethiopia in Theory – Revolution and Knowledge Production, 1964–2016
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 633-634
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1980963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1980963
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:633-634



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Christian Lehmann
Author-X-Name-First: Michael Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehmann
Title: School Fees and Rebel Demobilization: Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 The government of Uganda eliminated primary school fees during the insurgency of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a rebel group notorious for abducting school aged boys and girls to turn them into rebels through indoctrination and intimidation. Previous research shows that the no-fee policy, commonly known as the Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme, increases access to education mainly for girls. I test the hypothesis that UPE increases incentives of abducted girls to desert the LRA. Difference-in-differences estimates, which compare the change in desertion of girls in primary school age (treatment group) to the change of older females (control group), support the hypothesis. Investigating possible mechanisms, I find little support for the ‘standard’ opportunity cost hypothesis that dominates the literature, where education increases earning opportunities in the regular economy and thus makes staying with the rebels less attractive. Instead, the evidence supports a ‘novel’ opportunity cost hypothesis that has received little attention thus far: Girls long for education, and the prospect of going to school – which UPE increases substantially – entices them to abandon the rebels.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 599-614
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2003335
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2003335
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:599-614



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Henderson
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Henderson
Title: Sinews of War and Trade: Shipping and Capitalism in the Arabian Peninsula
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 634-635
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1991578
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1991578
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:634-635



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Selina Bezzola
Author-X-Name-First: Selina
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezzola
Author-Name: Fritz Brugger
Author-X-Name-First: Fritz
Author-X-Name-Last: Brugger
Author-Name: Isabel Günther
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel
Author-X-Name-Last: Günther
Author-Name: Dawit Sebhatu
Author-X-Name-First: Dawit
Author-X-Name-Last: Sebhatu
Title: Do Social Investments by Mining Companies Harm Citizen-State Relations? Experimental Evidence from Burkina Faso
Abstract: 
 Do mining companies investing in public infrastructure in their host communities harm citizen-state relations? This study presents results from a survey-based field experiment conducted in two mining areas in Burkina Faso. We test whether informing respondents about investments undertaken by mining companies in domains considered classic government responsibilities affects citizens’ legitimating beliefs in their government and their likelihood of political participation. We randomly expose respondents to short audio stories about water infrastructure investments conducted by either a mining company or a municipal government in a fictitious but comparable village. Hearing about private as opposed to public investment leads to worse perceptions of the capacity and the legitimacy of the government in the fictitious village. Yet, the intervention does not affect respondents’ legitimating beliefs in their own local government. At the behavioural level, we find that hearing about either public or private investment as opposed to no information at all significantly increases participation in town hall meetings. Our experimental findings suggest that providing citizens in low-income settings information about investment in public infrastructure elsewhere can raise expectations in their own contexts and thereby stimulate citizen-state relations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 417-435
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983166
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983166
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manavi Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Manavi
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Avinash Kishore
Author-X-Name-First: Avinash
Author-X-Name-Last: Kishore
Title: Unemployment and Household Spending in Rural and Urban India: Evidence from Panel Data
Abstract: 
 India has seen high levels of unemployment in recent years. Understanding how an episode of job loss affects household consumption expenditure is important for designing effective safety net programs. We apply difference-in-difference and quantile regressions to a high-frequency panel data from a nationally representative survey of 1,75,000 households in 2019 to estimate the impact of a job loss on household consumption expenditure – for urban and rural households, and households across different expenditure levels. We find that the loss of employment of an earning member leads to a significant immediate decline in household consumption expenditure. The decline is larger for urban households and households in the lowest and the highest income deciles. Durable and discretionary expenses go down the most. Expenditure on health and education also goes down significantly, especially, in urban areas. Our findings highlight the high vulnerability of urban households to economic shocks and can inform the design and targeting of income support and other safety-net programmes in India and other developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 545-560
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983171
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:545-560



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jinhu Li
Author-X-Name-First: Jinhu
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Nidhiya Menon
Author-X-Name-First: Nidhiya
Author-X-Name-Last: Menon
Title: Echo Effects of Health Shocks: The Intergenerational Consequences of Prenatal and Early-Life Malnutrition during the Great Leap Forward Famine in China
Abstract: 
 Relatively few studies have examined the ‘echo effect’ of health shocks related to prenatal and early-life malnutrition, that is, whether the legacy of such shocks is transmitted to the next generation. This study addresses this gap by leveraging extreme malnutrition during the Great Leap Forward famine in China, and by examining its intergenerational consequences. Using a difference-in-differences framework, we estimate the effect of the famine on a wide range of outcomes of children of mothers who were exposed in-utero and in early-life including income, education, and employment, indicators that have not been considered in detail before. Using a refined measure of famine exposure at the prefecture level in rural areas, and by exploiting rich data on those directly affected and their children, we find that on average, the famine had negative echo effects on second-generation outcomes. These echo effects are primarily due to adverse impacts on daughters. Mechanisms include impacts of the famine on the human capital of mothers, and suggestive evidence of son preference. Our results withstand a battery of robustness, specification and falsification checks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 454-481
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1969009
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1969009
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:454-481



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esther Egele-Godswill
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: Egele-Godswill
Title: Political Violence and Oil in Africa: The Case of Nigeria
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 635-637
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1993610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1993610
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nishant Chadha
Author-X-Name-First: Nishant
Author-X-Name-Last: Chadha
Author-Name: Bharti Nandwani
Author-X-Name-First: Bharti
Author-X-Name-Last: Nandwani
Title: Local Community Composition and School Provision in India
Abstract: 
 We study provision of schools in the Indian setting and the challenges associated with a heterogeneous society when local communities play an active role in provision. Based on the political economy literature we expect more fragmented communities to have weaker collective action. We hypothesise that this weak tendency to act collectively impacts different schools differently depending on the extent of their reliance on local community action. Consistent with our expectation, we show that there are fewer schools financed by local community (private and local government schools) in fragmented districts. Presence of public schools, provided by state and central government, for which the community has little discretionary financing powers, is not impacted. However, since public schools rely on active community action for monitoring of schools, they are found to be of poor quality. Exhaustive empirical tests have been performed to support the mechanism and discount alternative explanations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 561-581
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1971651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1971651
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:561-581



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Cuesta
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuesta
Author-Name: Julieth Pico
Author-X-Name-First: Julieth
Author-X-Name-Last: Pico
Title: The Equity Effects of Cadasters in Colombia
Abstract: 
 Well-functioning cadasters help to secure property rights, make economies perform more efficiently and promote environmental conservation. However, their equity effects are less known. Our study addresses how and to what extent cadasters, and reforms to them, affect equity. We address this question through an ex-ante simulation methodology using static partial equilibrium fiscal incidence analysis. We apply it to a recent expansion of the cadaster in Colombia, designed as a deliberate equalisation strategy in one of the world’s most unequal countries. This expansion will increase the collection of property taxes paid by previously informal households by about US$ 22.1 million and their net worth by about US$ 4,993 million (or about 3.2 and 4.9 per cent of their baseline value). However, the expansion of the cadaster will also increase the incidence of poverty (by 0.25 per cent points), the poverty gap (by 0.20 per cent points) and inequality (by 0.12 per cent points of the Gini index), unless generous compensatory interventions are applied. We conclude that equity effects of cadasters are complex and multiple. Policy-wide, compensatory measures are needed to alleviate the immediate impacts on poverty and inequality after the increase in taxes that vulnerable and poor households will likely face following a cadaster reform.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 615-632
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2008365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2008365
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MARIANA Viollaz
Author-X-Name-First: MARIANA
Author-X-Name-Last: Viollaz
Author-Name: Hernan Winkler
Author-X-Name-First: Hernan
Author-X-Name-Last: Winkler
Title: Does the Internet Reduce Gender Gaps? The Case of Jordan
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the link between digital technologies and female labour outcomes in a country with one of the lowest female labour force participation (LFP) rates. It exploits the massive roll-out of mobile broadband technology in Jordan between 2010 and 2016 to identify the effect of internet adoption on LFP, internet job search, employment and unemployment. Using panel data at the individual level and an instrumental variable strategy, the article finds that internet adoption increases female LFP and that the effect is driven by women who were not married in 2010, who also experience declines in marriage and fertility rates in response to internet adoption. An increase in online job search explains some – but not all – of the total increase in female LFP. Only women who are older and have higher levels of education experience an increase in employment in response to gaining internet access. The internet reduces the prevalence of traditional social norms among married women, but this channel does not explain the increase in female LFP.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 436-453
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1965127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1965127
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:3:p:436-453



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Loan Vu
Author-X-Name-First: Loan
Author-X-Name-Last: Vu
Author-Name: Anu Rammohan
Author-X-Name-First: Anu
Author-X-Name-Last: Rammohan
Title: Agricultural Production Diversity and Child Nutritional Outcomes in Rural Myanmar
Abstract: 
 This paper empirically investigates the links between agricultural diversity and child nutritional status in rural Myanmar. The data for this analysis come from a two-round survey of households conducted in six rural townships in Myanmar between February 2016 and November 2017. Using the child anthropometric measures haz, whz, waz, stunting, and underweight, our results show that child nutritional status worsened between 2016 and 2017. Our empirical results show that greater agricultural production diversity was associated with poorer anthropometric outcomes among young children aged between 6 and 35 months. Home garden ownership is statistically significant and positively associated with younger children’s anthropometric outcomes, whilst migration is negatively associated with wasting and underweight probability of older children. Livelihood diversification through migration is an important channel to address child undernutrition in our study areas in rural Myanmar, particularly in the long term when children grow older.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 503-523
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983169
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Paul JR. Tabe Ojong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Paul JR.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tabe Ojong
Author-Name: Michael Hauser
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Hauser
Author-Name: Kai Mausch
Author-X-Name-First: Kai
Author-X-Name-Last: Mausch
Title: Does Agricultural Commercialisation Increase Asset and Livestock Accumulation on Smallholder Farms in Ethiopia?
Abstract: 
 The transition of farmers from subsistence to market-oriented agriculture is meant to reduce hunger, increase wellbeing and accelerate rural economic progress. While an impressive extant literature has analysed agricultural commercialisation effects on welfare from an income, expenditure and consumption perspective, authors place less attention on the implications on asset holdings, which is a more robust long-term measure of welfare. Using chickpea production in Ethiopia as a case, we assess the effects of chickpea commercialisation on household asset ownership and livestock holdings of smallholder farmers. We employ a household fixed-effects estimator to control for time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity and account for possible endogeneity using an instrumental variable approach. For comparison purposes, we also evaluate the income effects of chickpea and examine impact heterogeneity using quantile regressions. Our results indicate a positive impact of agricultural commercialisation on assets, livestock ownership and income. We found commercialisation to benefit all farmers in terms of impact heterogeneity, though with higher gains for asset-rich households. Despite this rising asset inequality, we conclude that increased agricultural commercialisation can contribute to economic development of households and reduce rural poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 524-544
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983170
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MAMOUDOU Ba
Author-X-Name-First: MAMOUDOU
Author-X-Name-Last: Ba
Author-Name: Mazhar Mughal
Author-X-Name-First: Mazhar
Author-X-Name-Last: Mughal
Title: Weather Shocks, Coping Strategies and Household Well-being: Evidence from Rural Mauritania
Abstract: 
 In this study, we analyse geo-coded climate data matched with two rounds of household surveys from Mauritania to compare the impact of the 2008 and 2014 droughts on rural households’ welfare and the adaptation strategies they employed. The 2008 and 2014 droughts differ sharply in intensity. The 2008 drought was localised with about 45% rural households reporting loss of livestock. In contrast, the 2014 drought was the worst in a decade and affected nearly all parts of the country. We find that households living in the districts where the 2014 drought was at least one standard deviation more intense relative to the district’s long-term precipitation average have an 11.9% lower per capita consumption and 8.9% higher likelihood of falling below the poverty line compared to households which faced less-intense drought. We observe no such welfare losses during the 2008 drought. Change in household asset portfolio sheds light on these findings: Household wealth fell during both periods of drought, implying that farm households attempted to maintain consumption by liquidating assets, especially livestock. However, ownership of small ruminants grew, suggesting a greater reliance on more drought-resistant livestock species.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 482-502
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983168
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolin Dieterle
Author-X-Name-First: Carolin
Author-X-Name-Last: Dieterle
Title: Global Governance Meets Local Land Tenure: International Codes of Conduct for Responsible Land Investments in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Throughout the last decade, the international donor community has developed a plethora of regulatory initiatives for responsible agricultural investments. It remains unclear how such guidelines are invoked in practice in investment cases, and whether their use can prevent conflict and protect local land rights, as promoted. Uncovering how international guidelines work necessitates an understanding of the formal-legal setting and underlying land tenure regimes that shape investment projects. In Uganda, these contexts vary from region to region and investments take place on land held under various tenure regimes, including private, state-owned, and customary land. Based on 8 months of fieldwork in Uganda, I compare three cases of large-scale land investments in different settings and argue that variation in the underlying land tenure systems determines the variation, uneven applicability and effectiveness of global governance mechanisms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 582-598
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1983165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1983165
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ousmanou Njikam
Author-X-Name-First: Ousmanou
Author-X-Name-Last: Njikam
Title: Mode of Globalization and Manufacturing Firm Closure in Cameroon
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the role of three modes of globalisation – exporting, importing intermediate inputs and foreign ownership – on firm closure. No work has been done examining the complementarity/substitutability of these three globalisation modes on firm closure in a least-developed country. We use firm-level data from Cameroon and find that exporting and importing are beneficial, exports are more important in affecting firm survival than imports and foreign-owned firms tend to have shorter lives. The results highlight the importance of taking complementarity/substitutability of globalisation modes into account when analysing firms’ exit probabilities, while exporting and importing are substitutes in their effects on firm failure.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 848-866
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017889
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017889
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph B. Ajefu
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajefu
Author-Name: Nadia Singh
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Author-Name: Shayequazeenat Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Shayequazeenat
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: Uchenna Efobi
Author-X-Name-First: Uchenna
Author-X-Name-Last: Efobi
Title: Women’s Inheritance Rights and Child Health Outcomes in India
Abstract: 
 Does a legal change in women’s inheritance rights have long-term effects on child health outcomes? This paper examines the effect of an improvement in women’s inheritance rights on child nutritional health outcomes in India using a difference-in-differences estimation approach. We use the staggered implementation of the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 to investigate the impact of the reform on anthropometric indictors of child health: being underweight, stunted, and wasted. The findings of this study reveal that an improvement in women’s inheritance rights has a positive impact on children’s health and reduces the probability of nutritional deficiency in the child. We identify mechanisms such as increased educational levels, better marital outcomes, and improved intrahousehold bargaining power of women as potential pathways through which inheritance rights affect child nutritional health outcomes. The results of the paper lend credence to growing evidence that legal recognition of women’s inheritance rights can have sustained and second-generation effects, in spite of poor enforcement mechanisms and persistence of deep-rooted societal bias against women holding property.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 752-767
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2003333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2003333
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-I
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2019338
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2019338
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:4:p:I-I



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Sigman
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Sigman
Author-Name: Adam S. Harris
Author-X-Name-First: Adam S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Author-Name: Jan-Hinrik Meyer-Sahling
Author-X-Name-First: Jan-Hinrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer-Sahling
Author-Name: Kim Sass Mikkelsen
Author-X-Name-First: Kim Sass
Author-X-Name-Last: Mikkelsen
Author-Name: Christian Schuster
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuster
Title: Do Bureaucrats Contribute to the Resource Curse? Evidence from a Survey Experiment in New Oil States
Abstract: 
 The resource curse literature argues that oil production reshapes the fiscal contract between citizens and the state: politicians become less responsive to citizen taxpayers and more likely to use public revenues for their own benefit. This paper examines whether and how bureaucrats influence this breakdown of the fiscal contract. Analysing results of a survey experiment conducted with government employees in Ghana and Uganda, we find that, when primed to think about oil revenue, bureaucrats do not generally express attitudes indicating that they contribute to the resource curse. Although oil revenue does lead some Ghanaian bureaucrats to become less interested in responding to taxpayers, this finding does not operate as predicted, i.e. by bureaucrats expressing greater partiality towards the ruling elite. Instead, we attribute this outcome to ‘disgruntled employees’ – political outsiders with low salaries – who, unlikely to benefit from oil revenue, become disaffected from citizen service. The results shed new light on processes through which resource extraction changes state institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 639-655
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2013468
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2013468
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:4:p:639-655



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Serena Merrino
Author-X-Name-First: Serena
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrino
Title: Africa’s Last Colonial Currency: The CFA Franc Story
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 867-869
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1994234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1994234
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jami Nelson-Nuñez
Author-X-Name-First: Jami
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson-Nuñez
Author-Name: Simón Mostafa
Author-X-Name-First: Simón
Author-X-Name-Last: Mostafa
Author-Name: Ryan B. Mahoney
Author-X-Name-First: Ryan B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahoney
Author-Name: Karl G. Linden
Author-X-Name-First: Karl G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Linden
Title: If you Build it, will they come? Use of Rural Drinking Water Systems in the Peruvian Amazon
Abstract: 
 While organisations across the world struggle to extend access to the 522 million living in rural areas without clean water, those who do have access do not necessarily use it. This paper explores why, within areas that have public taps with treated water, some individuals continue to use water from untreated sources. We focus on non-use of available rural water supply systems as well as inconsistent use, a phenomenon typically overlooked. Based on surveys in 12 rural communities with water systems in the Peruvian Amazon and qualitative interviews, this study finds community meeting attendance is important for consistent use as attendance increases social influence and reinforces information about the importance of clean water. Non-users are more likely to be those living furthest from the water source and with lower levels of education. Findings point to ways in which community approaches to heath interventions may be more likely to reach some – those with stronger ties to communities, who live closer and have higher levels of education – than others.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 656-670
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1988075
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1988075
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Sakyi-Nyarko
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Sakyi-Nyarko
Author-Name: Ahmad Hassan Ahmad
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmad Hassan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad
Author-Name: Christopher J. Green
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Title: The Gender-Differential Effect of Financial Inclusion on Household Financial Resilience
Abstract: 
 This paper applies the kernel propensity score matching difference-in-differences method to examine gender-differential effects of financial inclusion on household financial resilience, using repeated cross-sectional data from two successive large-scale surveys of Ghanaian households. Applying standardised indices for financial inclusion and financial resilience, we find that financial inclusion significantly improves household financial resilience. Results from gender and locality disaggregated analyses suggest that the effect of financial inclusion on household resilience does not significantly vary by gender or locality. Results from different measures of financial inclusion show that savings and formal account ownership yield more pronounced resilience effect, with mobile money (m-money) exerting the least impact. Remittances via m-money – sending and receiving (a proxy for social capital) – provide significant financial resilience effects, with generally stronger effects in rural than in urban areas, especially for females.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 692-712
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2013467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2013467
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sami Bensassi
Author-X-Name-First: Sami
Author-X-Name-Last: Bensassi
Author-Name: Liza Jabbour
Author-X-Name-First: Liza
Author-X-Name-Last: Jabbour
Title: Beyond Experience and Capital. Is there a Return to Return Migration?
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the effect of return migration on the performance of Egyptian household firms. A growing body of evidence suggests that return migrants are more likely to become and remain entrepreneurs. The length of the migration spell and the experience and capital accumulated overseas may influence the ability of return migrants to establish and successfully manage their firms. We expand this literature by examining the impact of return migrants on the net earnings of the business units they manage. Our findings suggest that migration alone is not sufficient to enhance the performance of entrepreneurial activities. However, industry-specific human capital accumulated abroad has a significant impact on net earnings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 730-751
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1988076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1988076
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherina Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Catherina
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: Hunting Game: Raiding politics in the Central African Republic
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 869-870
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1997087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1997087
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Elmer Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich Elmer
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: Ivan Nygaard
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan
Author-X-Name-Last: Nygaard
Author-Name: Mike Morris
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Morris
Author-Name: Glen Robbins
Author-X-Name-First: Glen
Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins
Title: Servicification of Manufacturing in Global Value Chains: Upgrading of Local Suppliers of Embedded Services in the South African Market for Wind Turbines
Abstract: 
 While services are an essential element in the global production, trade and consumption of manufactured goods, limited research has been conducted on the role of services in studies of global value chains (GVCs). Recently, however, an emerging literature on the ‘servicification’ of manufacturing in GVCs has evolved, most of which involves aggregate-level analyses of countries and sectors based on trade statistics. Previous studies have thus failed to explore whether and how local firms in developing countries may capture value and upgrade through their insertion into GVCs as service suppliers. In this paper, we contribute to the literature by analysing the development of an industry supplying wind-turbine services in South Africa. We draw on in-depth fieldwork, including fifty-two interviews and five case studies of firms operating as suppliers of various types of ‘embedded’ services to wind-power projects constructed in South Africa. We show the significant economic value in terms of the employment thereby created and the upgrading pathways of five local service-suppliers in knowledge-intensive and high value-added service activities. Our findings point to the benefit of devoting attention to the role of services in relation to upgrading in GVCs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 787-808
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017892
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017892
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio Olivieri
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivieri
Author-Name: Francesc Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: Francesc
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega
Author-Name: Ana Rivadeneira
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivadeneira
Author-Name: Eliana Carranza
Author-X-Name-First: Eliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Carranza
Title: The Labour Market Effects of Venezuelan Migration in Ecuador
Abstract: 
 As of 2019, more than 1.2 million Venezuelans passed through Ecuador and more than 400,000 settled (almost 3 percent of Ecuador’s population). This paper analyzes the location choices of Venezuelan migrants in Ecuador and the labour market consequences of these choices, using data from Ecuador’s labour force survey and mobile phone records on the geographic distribution of Venezuelan migrants. Around half of the migrants live in four cantons (of 221). Their location is primarily driven by local economic conditions, rather than point of entry. Overall, the regions with the largest inflows of Venezuelans have not seen any effects on labour market participation or employment, compared with regions with fewer inflows. However, our difference-in-difference estimates clearly indicate that young, low-educated Ecuadoran workers in high-inflow regions have been adversely affected. Specifically, the estimates show that these workers have experienced reductions in employment quality, a 5 percentage-point increase in the rate of informality, and a 13 percentage-point reduction in earnings, relative to workers with similar characteristics living in areas with very low or non-existent inflows of Venezuelans.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 713-729
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1988077
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1988077
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jana S. Hamdan
Author-X-Name-First: Jana S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamdan
Author-Name: Katharina Lehmann-Uschner
Author-X-Name-First: Katharina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehmann-Uschner
Author-Name: Lukas Menkhoff
Author-X-Name-First: Lukas
Author-X-Name-Last: Menkhoff
Title: Mobile Money, Financial Inclusion, and Unmet Opportunities: Evidence from Uganda
Abstract: 
 Mobile money is an important instrument to improve the degree of financial inclusion, especially in developing countries. However, having a mobile money account does not imply that this account is actually used. In our sample, 86% of microentrepreneurs own a mobile money account, but only 49% actively use it – the resulting gap indicates unmet opportunities. We estimate that mobile money reaches up to 40% of those without prior access to (semi-)formal financial services, still leaving a substantial group behind in which women and the most disadvantaged are overrepresented. A choice experiment shows that high fees hinder mobile money usage for a substantial number of microentrepreneurs. Moreover, insufficient physical infrastructure, i.e. a small number and unfavourable spatial distribution of mobile money agents, also limits access, while a lack of financial education seems to contribute to comparatively low price sensitivity. Based on these results, we suggest policy measures that reduce the remaining barriers limiting the contribution of mobile money to financial inclusion.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 671-691
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1988078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1988078
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franziska Gassmann
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Gassmann
Author-Name: Bruno Martorano
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Martorano
Author-Name: Jennifer Waidler
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Waidler
Title: How Social Assistance Affects Subjective Wellbeing: Lessons from Kyrgyzstan
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the effects of social assistance on subjective well-being looking at the case of Kyrgyzstan. For this purpose, we exploit recent changes in the design of social assistance and apply a difference in difference (DiD) method combined with an inverse probability weighting (IPW) technique. In contrast to the existing literature, we find that in the short-term, the receipt of social assistance benefits is associated with lower levels of subjective well-being. Our findings also reveal that participation in social assistance leads to some reduction in satisfaction regarding recipients’ own economic conditions. Moreover, we find that the negative effects on subjective well-being disappear for the oldest generations, which experienced the dissolution of the Soviet Union. By contrast, the effect is negative for the youth, who grew up in a new society where needing help is ultimately the responsibility of the individual citizen. For individuals with high trust in political institutions, the negative effect of state intervention does not hold, while it persists in case of low trust in political institutions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 827-847
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1988079
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1988079
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricardo Reboredo
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Reboredo
Title: In China’s Wake: How the Commodity Boom Transformed Development Strategies in the Global South
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 870-872
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2004656
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2004656
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:4:p:870-872



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hajer Kratou
Author-X-Name-First: Hajer
Author-X-Name-Last: Kratou
Author-Name: Liisa Laakso
Author-X-Name-First: Liisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Laakso
Title: The Impact of Academic Freedom on Democracy in Africa
Abstract: 
 Shared experiences but diversified developments make Africa an interesting region in which to investigate the impact of education on democracy, and the role of academic freedom in this impact. As building expertise takes time, we focus on the causality between past experience of academic freedom and electoral democracy. Our theory is that independent experts advocating free and fair elections are acclaimed, which makes rigging elections a costly strategy for rulers. Using the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) index of Academic Freedom, and the Generalized method of moments (GMM) technique to estimate a dynamic panel model, we find a positive impact of preceding academic freedom on the quality of elections after the Post-Cold war democratic transitions. The result is robust when we check reverse causality and country-specific effects such as the initial level of democracy or dependence on oil exportation. The analysis is robust to indicators measuring democracy by accountability of the executive and Polity2 and Freedom House Indices as alternatives to V-Dem measures of democracy. We discuss the observed heterogeneity of countries showing a counterintuitive relationship. The study highlights the significance of scholars as a channel through which education supports democracy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 809-826
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.1988080
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.1988080
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Toshiaki Aizawa
Author-X-Name-First: Toshiaki
Author-X-Name-Last: Aizawa
Title: Re-visiting the Conditional Cash Transfer in India through the Partial Identification Approach
Abstract: 
 This study re-estimates the causal impacts of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme in India, namely the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme, on maternal and child healthcare use. The main goal is to provide new evidence and to assess the validity of the identification assumptions employed in previous studies on JSY. We achieve this by implementing a conservative partial identification approach. We find that the average treatment effects estimated under the conditional independence assumption are below the lower bound of the treatment effect estimated under weaker but more credible assumptions for institutional delivery, skilled birth attendance and postnatal care use. For antenatal care use and intakes of iron and folic acid supplements, and uptakes of tetanus toxoid injections, the average treatment effects under the conditional independence assumption are above the upper bound. These findings suggest that selection bias could not have been fully controlled for by the observable characteristics.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 768-786
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2003336
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2003336
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giovanni Razzu
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Razzu
Author-Name: Ayago Wambile
Author-X-Name-First: Ayago
Author-X-Name-Last: Wambile
Title: Four Decades of Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Using nationally representative survey data from 34 countries, we assess the extent of intergenerational educational mobility for three-quarters of Africa’s population, over four decades and by gender. We employ both transition probability matrices and regression-based estimates of intergenerational elasticities and correlation coefficients. We find that the educational status of parents is a strong determinant of their children’s educational outcomes, but the strength of this link has diminished in Africa between 1960 and 1999, particularly since the 1980s. We also find that there are considerable differences between countries and by gender. Those in the Southern and Central African region and those with historical links to former British colonies experience relatively higher intergenerational mobility in education. Intergenerational educational mobility is less pronounced for daughters than for sons and mother’s education is generally more strongly associated with children’s educational attainment than fathers’ education.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 931-950
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2008366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2008366
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna M. Wilke
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilke
Author-Name: Donald P. Green
Author-X-Name-First: Donald P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Author-Name: Benjamin Tan
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Tan
Title: Encouraging Community Action Against Teacher Absenteeism: A Mass Media Experiment in Rural Uganda
Abstract: 
 Chronic teacher absenteeism is widespread in Uganda, with approximately one-third of public school teachers absent on any given day. Absenteeism and other problems that arise in Uganda’s public education system are often attributed to a lack of public oversight and parental involvement. In an effort to develop a scalable method of encouraging community engagement on this issue, the present study assesses the extent to which entertainment-education videos increase willingness among Ugandans to take action against absenteeism. Working in collaboration with Ugandan screenwriters and local actors, we developed video dramatisations that depicted the problem of absenteeism and how parents mobilised to address it. We assess the persuasive effects of these dramatisations both under lab-like conditions, to gauge immediate effects, and in the field, to gauge effects two months and eight months after a placebo-controlled media campaign attended by over 10,000 Ugandans in 112 villages. Although the persuasive effects are weaker in the field than the lab setting, the former remain substantial even after eight months. The demonstrated ability of entertainment-education to change public views on this issue sets the stage for policy experiments that test whether entertainment-education campaigns have downstream effects on absenteeism and public school performance more generally.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 915-930
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2008367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2008367
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Biggeri
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Biggeri
Author-Name: Jose Cuesta
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuesta
Author-Name: Lucia Ferrone
Author-X-Name-First: Lucia
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrone
Author-Name: Muhammad Hamza Abbas
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamza Abbas
Author-Name: Atif Khurshid
Author-X-Name-First: Atif
Author-X-Name-Last: Khurshid
Title: Children in the Context of War: Deprivation among Internally Displaced, Returnee, Host and Stayee Children in East Mosul
Abstract: 
 The double burden of material deprivation and the psychological consequences of violent conflict has long-lasting effects on children’s wellbeing. Assessing child needs is therefore crucial to inform policies and move from humanitarian assistance towards reconstruction and development. We provide an analysis of the situation of children in east Mosul, Iraq, using unique data from a rapid humanitarian assessment administered on the ground immediately following the city’s liberation from ISIL in 2017. We develop a counting measure of multidimensional deprivation using nine dimensions. This measure shows the similarities and dissimilarities in the incidence of each deprivation across children with different displacement statuses: Internally Displaced Person (IDP), IDP returnee, host, and stayee. IDP and returnee children are the two most deprived groups in multiple dimensions, and food security remains a pressing issue for IDP children in particular. We explore with econometric analysis the relationship between deprivation and vulnerability on the one hand and humanitarian aid on the other. While immediate assistance is correlated with fewer deprivations, many deprived children were still missed by assistance. Aid efforts during any humanitarian emergency should consider children’s distinct deprivations in a deliberate and targeted manner rather than treating them simply as members of vulnerable households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1032-1052
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2008363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2008363
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees 2021
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1058-1061
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2076032
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2076032
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Ayalew Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Ayalew
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger
Author-Name: Niels Kemper
Author-X-Name-First: Niels
Author-X-Name-Last: Kemper
Title: Pronatal Property Rights over Land and Fertility Outcomes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 An exogenous policy change that ended the ability of rural Ethiopian households to affect the size or security of their land holdings through fertility decisions provides a natural experiment to explore the impact of land tenure institutions on fertility. Use of a difference-in-differences approach that uses aggregated data from censuses before (1994) and after (2007) the reform found large fertility effects, with rural women estimated to have reduced life-time fertility by one child due to the reform. Estimated effects on urban women or employment outcomes are not significantly different from zero and robustness checks show no evidence of spillovers or policy endogeneity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 951-967
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2013465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2013465
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:5:p:951-967



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Byunghwan Son
Author-X-Name-First: Byunghwan
Author-X-Name-Last: Son
Author-Name: Nisha Bellinger
Author-X-Name-First: Nisha
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellinger
Title: The Health Cost of Autocratization
Abstract: 
 Are democratic crises also human crises? While the determinants of the erosion of democracy have been extensively scrutinised in the literature, their public policy consequences remain relatively unexplored. In a novel attempt to navigate this uncharted terrain, we analyse the effect of autocratization on health outcomes. We conceptualise autocratization as the relative decline of ‘vertical’ and ‘horizontal’ accountability. ‘Vertical accountability’ is threatened in the absence of regular free and fair elections as well as restricted political participation. A decline in vertical accountability lowers citizens’ capacity to ensure governmental responsiveness to public demands. ‘Horizontal accountability’ is reduced when the executive branch undermines the other branches of government. Limited electoral competition further strengthens the executive branch relative to other branches. We argue that such a movement away from democracy – autocratization – has a detrimental effect on public health outcomes. We present empirical evidence supporting this argument in within- and cross-country contexts using regression discontinuity designs as well as panel data analysis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 873-890
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017891
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guillaume Soullier
Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume
Author-X-Name-Last: Soullier
Author-Name: Paule Moustier
Author-X-Name-First: Paule
Author-X-Name-Last: Moustier
Title: Contract Farming as a Last-resort Option to Finance Rice Cultivation in Senegal
Abstract: 
 We investigate the role of contracts in farmers’ access to credit over time using the conceptual framework of livelihoods and the economics of rural organisations. We applied multi-component analysis to a dataset of 594 rice farms in the Senegal river valley, analysed changes in 72 producer organisations’ funding strategies over time, and conducted 85 semi-directed interviews. Results show that individual farmers’ participation in contract farming varies over time, mainly depending on the availability of their financing capital. While bank creditworthy farmers use tripartite marketing contracts to remain in the formal segment of the credit market, indebted farmers use production contracts as a last-resort credit option before they are excluded from the credit market. We discuss the positive contributions contracts make to farmers’ livelihoods as they correct failures on the credit market, but they can also trap farmers in less economically profitable relationships.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1014-1031
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2013466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2013466
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Title: Clothing Poverty: The Hidden World of Fast Fashion and Second-Hand Clothes
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1054-1055
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2005890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2005890
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeffrey S. Ahlman
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlman
Title: Boundaries, Communities and State-Making in West Africa: The Centrality of the Margins
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1053-1054
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2005295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2005295
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yanan Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yanan
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Naveen Sunder
Author-X-Name-First: Naveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Sunder
Title: Land Inequality and Workfare Policies
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the relatively scant literature on the impacts of inequality on the efficacy of public works programmes. We study this in the context of India. In particular, we examine the effect of land inequality on the implementation of the world’s largest workfare programme – the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). Our OLS estimates demonstrate that the concentration of land ownership reduces the efficacy of NREGA. An instrumental variable (IV) analysis, where we use the historical land tenure system as an IV for contemporaneous land inequality, further corroborates our findings. This negative relationship is consistent with the hypothesis that public work schemes raise agricultural wages in the private labour market, thereby incentivising big landlords to use their political power to oppose such programmes. We exclude the possibility that the higher provision of public jobs in more equal areas is driven by a higher demand for public jobs or by caste or religious differences. This study suggests that the concentration of land ownership, a proxy for power asymmetries, could hinder effective implementation of development policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 891-914
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2008362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2008362
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric S. Owusu
Author-X-Name-First: Eric S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Owusu
Author-Name: Boris E. Bravo-Ureta
Author-X-Name-First: Boris E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bravo-Ureta
Title: Gender and Productivity Differentials in Smallholder Groundnut Farming in Malawi: Accounting for Technology Differences
Abstract: 
 The gender gap in agricultural productivity has been of ongoing interest to development policy and we revisit the subject in the context of groundnut, an important food and cash legume in Sub Saharan Africa. We address production technology differences between male and female managers of groundnut plots and examine the implications for the male–female difference in productivity. Using cross-sectional data, two recent stochastic meta-frontier (SMF) techniques are coupled with statistical matching to examine gender-related technology, managerial, single and total factor productivity (TFP) gaps. The results reveal different production technologies in use by male and female producers, and technology (6–7 per cent points) and managerial (3–5 per cent points) differentials, which translate into significant male advantages in land productivity (6.2 per cent) and TFP (15.3 per cent). A heterogeneity analysis provides valuable insights: Technology, managerial and TFP gaps, which favour male managers, decrease with age, years of schooling, exposure to extension, and use of hired labour and improved seeds; but increase with total cultivated area. Closing the productivity gap will require expanding female production possibilities through use of improved inputs and practices and enhancing managerial skill and know-how through extension.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 989-1013
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2008364
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2008364
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ka Zeng
Author-X-Name-First: Ka
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeng
Title: China and the WTO: Why Multilateralism Matters
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1056-1057
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2007632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2007632
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Tasker
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasker
Author-Name: Ian Scoones
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Scoones
Title: High Reliability Knowledge Networks: Responding to Animal Diseases in a Pastoral Area of Northern Kenya
Abstract: 
 How can reliability be generated and sustained in the face of uncertainty? This question is explored by examining knowledge networks among pastoralists and others in northern Kenya, emerging in response to a highly variable animal disease setting. Using quantitative and qualitative social network analysis, intersecting locally-embedded, development project and political networks are identified. Drawing on high-reliability theory, as applied to critical infrastructures, the paper explores the key characteristics of the knowledge networks in relation to systems, knowledges, relationships, technologies, professionals and politics. Reliability – the ability to provide stable services and respond variability in real-time – is shown to be related to the networked capacity to mobilise knowledge to confront uncertainty and avoid ignorance, with certain high-reliability professionals central. The locally-embedded network in particular has important characteristics of a high reliability knowledge network, but key brokers link to the development project and political network. Development challenges often require addressing uncertainty and even ignorance and lessons from high-reliability approaches can be crucial.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 968-988
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2013469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2013469
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James D Sidaway
Author-X-Name-First: James D
Author-X-Name-Last: Sidaway
Title: The Climate of History in a Planetary Age
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1300-1301
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2010382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2010382
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaushal Joshi
Author-X-Name-First: Kaushal
Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi
Author-Name: Arturo M. Martinez
Author-X-Name-First: Arturo M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinez
Author-Name: Mildred Addawe
Author-X-Name-First: Mildred
Author-X-Name-Last: Addawe
Author-Name: Christian Flora Mae Soco
Author-X-Name-First: Christian Flora Mae
Author-X-Name-Last: Soco
Author-Name: Hema Swaminathan
Author-X-Name-First: Hema
Author-X-Name-Last: Swaminathan
Title: Contextualizing Individual-Level Asset Data Collection: Evidence from Household Surveys
Abstract: 
 We present asset ownership estimates for men and women from Georgia, Mongolia, and the Philippines using individual-level data collected through household surveys. The concept of asset ownership includes reported and documented ownership and alienation rights (right to sell and right to bequeath) over property. We find significant gender gaps in property ownership – land, dwelling, and other real estate – for reported and documented owners. Further, our results suggest a positive correlation between documented ownership and alienation rights. Women documented owners are more likely to have some alienation rights and less likely to report having no rights. Women, across countries, are also less likely to be exclusive owners of property than men. We find mixed evidence of divergence of ownership estimates for a sub-sample of households based on whether the information was collected by self-reporting or proxy-reporting. The results reinforce the usefulness of collecting high-quality individual-level asset data for a deeper understanding of economic inequality within the household and for adopting a multidimensional approach to understanding gendered property ownership. We also identify the need for deeper research on marital regimes and their impact on women’s property ownership.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1259-1279
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2029417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2029417
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1259-1279



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tin Hinane El Kadi
Author-X-Name-First: Tin Hinane
Author-X-Name-Last: El Kadi
Title: China, Africa, and the future of the Internet
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1302-1303
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2012989
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2012989
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaurav Dhamija
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav
Author-X-Name-Last: Dhamija
Author-Name: Manini Ojha
Author-X-Name-First: Manini
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojha
Author-Name: Punarjit Roychowdhury
Author-X-Name-First: Punarjit
Author-X-Name-Last: Roychowdhury
Title: Hunger and Health: Reexamining the Impact of Household Food Insecurity on Child Malnutrition in India
Abstract: 
 Child malnutrition is remarkably high in India. The problem of food insecurity is also extremely alarming in the country. From a policy perspective, a question of paramount importance in this context is: are these two problems inter-related? Answering this question based on existing literature is difficult. This is because literature examining specifically the effect of food insecurity on child / adolescent malnutrition in India is scarce. Besides, the small number of studies that do examine this question empirically find mixed evidence. In light of this, here we reexamine the effect of food insecurity on child malnutrition using data from the Young Lives survey. Employing several contemporary econometric approaches, we not only estimate the mean effect but also the distributional effects of food insecurity on child malnutrition. We find evidence of sizeable negative average effects of food insecurity on children’s anthropometric indices for nutrition surveillance including weight-for-age z score (WAZ) and height-for-age z-score (HAZ). Further, we document important heterogeneity in the effect of food insecurity on children’s WAZ and HAZ across the outcome-distributions. Our results suggest that expansion of policies that could effectively reduce household food insecurity is vital to address the problem of malnutrition among Indian children.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1181-1210
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2029419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2029419
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Achim D. Schmillen
Author-X-Name-First: Achim D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmillen
Title: Fringe Benefits, Self-Selection, and the Public/Private Compensation Differential
Abstract: 
 Across developing countries, many workers strive for public sector jobs. Is this because public sector workers receive higher compensation than comparable private sector workers? This study addresses this question looking at broad measures of compensation that encompass wages as well as non-wage fringe benefits such as paid leave and access to social insurances. Using detailed labour force data for Bhutan, it combines Oaxaca type decompositions of compensation differentials into characteristics and coefficients effects with multinomial logit models for self-selection into labour force participation and the public or private sector. The study finds that public/private wage differentials are sizeable but can entirely be accounted for by observable characteristics (in particular by differences in the average educational attainment and industrial structures). A sizeable public/private differential in fringe benefits related to leave can also be accounted for by differences in observable characteristics between public and private sector workers. However, this is not the case for the differential in non-leave-related fringe benefits. Instead, differentials in non-leave-related fringe benefits are largely due to coefficients effects, strongly suggesting that preferences for public sector jobs are at least in part the result of pronounced intersectoral differentials in such benefits.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1140-1159
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017893
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017893
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vidhya Unnikrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Vidhya
Author-X-Name-Last: Unnikrishnan
Title: The Welfare Effects of Social Assistance Programs for Women in India
Abstract: 
 Literature has established that the alarming female poverty rate is a crucial factor contributing to missing older women in India. Given this, the following research examines the role of an unconditional cash transfer programme (Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme) implemented in India on the household budget share incurred on cereals, pulses, vegetables; fruits and nuts, meat; eggs and fish, milk and milk products when the program recipient is an elderly woman. The paper uses the longitudinal household-level data (2004–05 and 2011–12) released by the India Human Development Survey and utilises a quasi-experimental framework of propensity score matching combined with fixed effects to estimate the effects of the pension on the disaggregated food budget share incurred by the pension recipient households. The findings in this paper suggest that women’s access to pension has a positive effect on budget share allocated on vegetables, fruits and nuts and meat, fish and eggs. The positive effects persist for continuous program recipients. Further, to address any concerns on endogeneity, an instrumental variable strategy has been used. This paper provides evidence that female pension recipient households in India do move towards nutrient-rich food items.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1211-1230
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043277
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Fuentes
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuentes
Author-Name: Seth Pipkin
Author-X-Name-First: Seth
Author-X-Name-Last: Pipkin
Title: Appetite for Reform: When do Exogenous Shocks Motivate Industrial Policy Change?
Abstract: 
 Although much industrial policy research addresses the “supply side’ task of discerning superior policies, it pays less attention to ‘demand side’ questions of when and to what extent countries adopt reforms. And while exogenous shocks serve as the impetus for new industrial policy adoption across a broad array of empirical case studies, less is known about when such shocks register as salient enough to elicit policy shifts. This paper considers the conditions under which exogenous shocks motivate varying degrees of industrial policy change. We examine divergent reforms in Mexico and Brazil’s petroleum industries after the 1973 Oil Shock, and automotive industries following the 1982 Debt Crisis. The evidence informs a ‘satisficing’ model, which suggests that the interaction between exogenous shocks and two main local factors – the ‘goals’ of a paradigm shared by industry decision-makers, and the aggregate levels of ‘slack’ resources available to quell dissent in times of uncertainty – shapes varying orders of policy response. This satisficing model proves useful in anticipating how responses to external crises might unfold at the industry level.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1081-1101
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017890
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dennis Essers
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis
Author-X-Name-Last: Essers
Title: Where Credit is Due: How Africa’s Debt Can Be a Benefit, Not a Burden
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1303-1305
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2016128
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2016128
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1303-1305



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wifag Adnan
Author-X-Name-First: Wifag
Author-X-Name-Last: Adnan
Title: From Economic Integration to Near Elimination: The Economic Consequences of Isolation
Abstract: 
 This paper captures the labor market consequences of the Gaza Blockade (2007–), a politically motivated and unanticipated event that provides a rare opportunity for a natural experiment. I am aided by the fact that the West Bank is a natural comparison group for examining the Gaza Blockade. Using a difference-in-difference framework, I find that, relative to domestic workers in the West Bank, those in Gaza experienced an additional 11% point increase in the unemployment rate and an additional 13–20% reduction in real wages. The long-term effect (3 years later), on real wages was at least 1.5 times larger. Rising wage inequality was another consequence of the Blockade, which manifested itself in an upsurge in industry wage differentials and to a lesser extent, the skill premium. This paper also discusses the impact of the crisis on the sectoral composition of the Gazan economy, particularly as a result of the severe contraction of non-service industries in the private sector. While the Gaza Blockade constitutes an extreme case of a massive economic shock and a radical departure from the close economic integration experienced in earlier decades, the results of this study can nevertheless serve to shed light on how other open economies are likely to respond to the increasingly common imposition of restrictions on trade and factor mobility such as economic sanctions, visa restrictions, and trade wars. The effects of such barriers to trade and labor mobility are particularly dire in the absence of labor reforms designed to mitigate their adverse effects.KEYWORDS: Middle East; conflict; economic development; labour; wages; trade
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1160-1180
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2029416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2029416
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1160-1180



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Solee Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Solee
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Author-Name: Lake Lui
Author-X-Name-First: Lake
Author-X-Name-Last: Lui
Title: Guanxi and Moral Articulation: Strategies of Corruption During China’s Anti-Corruption Drive
Abstract: 
 What explains failures of large-scale anti-corruption campaigns in reducing corruption? Theories on developing country corruption see corruption as either a problem of weak formal institutions that incentivize naturally opportunistic actors or as remnants of traditional behaviors that persist despite changing modern state boundaries and regulations. Neither helps explain how participants continuously strategize to reframe and articulate the morality of those questionable transactions. This paper, through multi-year fieldwork and 34 interviews with business elites in China’s Guangdong province, examines how officials and businesses reconfigured their strategies of corruption during a recent anti-corruption campaign. We find that key actors engaged in ‘moral articulation’ – devising moral repertoires and realigning common exchange practices to accepted meaning frames to safeguard interests and obfuscate their activities. In doing so, they challenged some aspects of state-initiated definitions of corruption while embracing others. Rather than eliciting conformity, the campaign prompted new ingenious action frames that helped internally justify corruption and allowed questionable exchange practices to continue on.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1124-1139
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2032670
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2032670
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Md. Azad Uddin
Author-X-Name-First: Md. Azad
Author-X-Name-Last: Uddin
Author-Name: Masaru Ichihashi
Author-X-Name-First: Masaru
Author-X-Name-Last: Ichihashi
Author-Name: Shubhasish Barua
Author-X-Name-First: Shubhasish
Author-X-Name-Last: Barua
Title: Financial Sector Development and the Preference for Informal Remittance Channels: Evidence from Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 The potential socioeconomic benefits of remittances remain untapped as a large portion of remittances is transferred through informal channels worldwide. In this paper, we explored the effect of the financial sector development in the home country on the preference for informal remittance channels using a nationally representative household dataset from Bangladesh along with subdistrict level data on bank branches. However, the identification of the effect of the banking network on the choice of remittance channel is challenging due to the unobserved heterogeneity problem. We circumvent this problem by using an instrumental variable (IV) approach. We found that greater accessibility to the banking network at the subdistrict level significantly reduces the use of the informal remittance transfer channels: a 10% increase in the availability of the total number of bank branches reduces the probability of using the informal channels, at least once, by 1.79% and hundi by 2.3% on average. The results are consistent and robust across different specifications and estimation methods. The main policy implication of this result is that the expansion of bank branches can enhance the inflows of remittances through formal channels and thereby can magnify the macroeconomic benefits of remittances globally.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1231-1258
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2029420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2029420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1231-1258



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Favara
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Favara
Author-Name: Richard Freund
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Author-Name: Catherine Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Author-Name: Alan Sanchez
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez
Author-Name: Douglas Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Young Lives, Interrupted: Short-Term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescents in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Abstract: 
 We examine the situation of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in four low- and middle-income countries using data from a large-scale phone survey conducted in 2020. The survey was part of Young Lives, a 20-year longitudinal study of two cohorts of young people born in 1994 and 2001 in Ethiopia, India (Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), Peru and Vietnam. We focus on the Younger (19-year-old) Cohort, describing their experiences along multiple dimensions, and assessing how their lives have changed since an earlier survey in 2016. We also compare these young people with an Older Cohort (surveyed at the same age in 2013), using a cross-cohort comparison in the spirit of a difference-in-differences approach. Compared to 2016, and compared with the Older Cohort, the increase in the probability of a loss of household livelihood (income or employment) is both large and significant in all countries. However, a 2020 downturn in self-reported well-being is significant in Ethiopia, India and Peru, but not in Vietnam, the country which experienced particular success in controlling the pandemic during 2020.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1063-1080
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2029421
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2029421
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1063-1080



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oluwaseun Kolade
Author-X-Name-First: Oluwaseun
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolade
Author-Name: Robert Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Demola Obembe
Author-X-Name-First: Demola
Author-X-Name-Last: Obembe
Author-Name: Abigail Taiwo
Author-X-Name-First: Abigail
Author-X-Name-Last: Taiwo
Author-Name: Joseph Eyong
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Eyong
Author-Name: Saliba James
Author-X-Name-First: Saliba
Author-X-Name-Last: James
Author-Name: Gaim Kibreab
Author-X-Name-First: Gaim
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibreab
Title: Picking Up the Pieces: Social Capital, Psycho-Social Support and Livelihood Recovery of Displaced Populations in Northeast Nigeria
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the role of social capital on livelihood outcomes of households forcibly displaced by the Boko Haram insurgency in Northeast Nigeria. Drawing from in-depth interviews of 21 respondents and a cross-sectional survey of 810 household heads across 12 locations in Northeast Nigeria, the study finds that social capital provides a channel of critical psycho-social support for households. Further, the results of the structural-equation modelling indicate that bridging-linking social capital has a strong positive impact on livelihood outcomes, while the impact of bonding social capital on livelihood outcomes is partially mediated by resilience. The study contributes to recent conversations on the imperative of a triple-nexus strategy by highlighting the unique roles that social capital can play in complementary humanitarian, developmental and peace-building programming, especially in protracted crises and contexts of forced displacement where short-term material and financial interventions may not be adequate. The paper also offers practical and policy recommendations and suggestions for future research on operationalisation of social capital in protracted crises.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1280-1299
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2032669
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2032669
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1280-1299



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David J. Bulman
Author-X-Name-First: David J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulman
Author-Name: Xun Yan
Author-X-Name-First: Xun
Author-X-Name-Last: Yan
Author-Name: Qiong Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Qiong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Picking Losers: How Career Incentives Undermine Industrial Policy in Chinese Cities
Abstract: 
 Rapid economic growth in China with considerable market intervention has led to renewed interest in the efficacy of industrial policy. Have industrial policies helped Chinese firms overcome market failures and boosted productivity, or have they distorted markets and undermined creative destruction? This paper explores these questions in the specific context of local implementation by studying the targeting of financial favors and the relationship of such targeting to local political incentives. Using unique and largely unexplored quasi-census firm-level data from annual tax surveys in China from 2007 to 2015, this paper demonstrates that financial favors disproportionately target loss-making, larger, older, and less productive firms. It then argues that short-term career incentives facing local officials explain this sub-optimal targeting, showing that promotion likelihood for city leaders increases with higher levels of ‘excess’ financial favors to firms, particularly when these favors are provided to loss-making firms. Finally, the paper estimates costs to the Chinese economy from misallocated financial support by showing that financial favors are associated with lower levels of firm entry and lower productivity growth. The paper contributes to the literature on industrial policy, political incentives, and misallocation, and has important implications for China’s future growth and transition.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1102-1123
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043280
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carla Canelas
Author-X-Name-First: Carla
Author-X-Name-Last: Canelas
Author-Name: Miguel Niño-Zarazúa
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Niño-Zarazúa
Title: Informality and Pension Reforms in Bolivia: The Case of Renta Dignidad
Abstract: 
 How social protection programmes affect work choices is a question that has been at the centre of labour economics research for decades. More recently, a scant literature has focused on the effects of social protection on work choices and informal employment in the context of low and middle-income countries. This paper contributes to this scant literature by examining the effect of Bolivia’s Renta Dignidad, a universal non-contributory old age pension that covers all Bolivians aged 60 years and older. We exploit the discontinuity introduced by the age eligibility criteria of the programme and the timing of the announcement of the programme, to implement a difference-in-differences approach. Overall, we find that Renta Dignidad has no detrimental effects on labour force participation and the intensity of labor of adult members of beneficiary households. Instead, we find that the pension reduces the intensity of work for girls aged 12–18 living with a pensioner, which indicates a positive effect on intra-household time allocation. In terms of work choices, Renta Dignidad reduces the probability of holding a salaried job in rural areas by about 8 percentage points, which denotes a shift from formal to informal employment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1436-1458
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061856
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emily Conover
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Conover
Author-Name: Melanie Khamis
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Khamis
Author-Name: Sarah Pearlman
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearlman
Title: Job Quality and Labour Market Transitions: Evidence from Mexican Informal and Formal Workers
Abstract: 
 We document job characteristics for young, male, urban workers in Mexico, a country with high informal employment and increasing education levels. The informal sector is composed of two distinct parts: salaried informal employment and self-employment. On almost every measure, including wages, informal salaried jobs are of lower quality than formal salaried or self-employed ones. We characterize short-term job type transitions among these workers and show that education plays a key role when transitioning into the formal sector, whereas age is more strongly associated with transitions into self-employment. Persistence in and transitions into formal jobs are more likely for more educated workers. These workers also benefit from higher wage gains when this transition is from informal salaried jobs. On average, wages are higher for workers transitioning into self-employment, but less-educated workers benefit more. For these workers, self-employment can represent an outlet for entrepreneurial talent for some, but like informal salaried work, for others, it can be the sector of last resort.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1332-1348
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061851
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061851
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:7:p:1332-1348



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajit Mishra
Author-X-Name-First: Ajit
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra
Title: What Sustains Informality? A Study of the Interactions between Formal and Informal Sector Firms
Abstract: 
 This paper considers two vertical links between informal and formal sector firms and studies their implications. First, we model a situation where final products produced by the formal and informal sector firms are differentiated in terms of quality and consumption demand for the informal sector firm is related to the distribution of income. Less well-off consumers generate demand for the low-priced, low quality good produced by the informal sector. Our paper studies the implications of this link for the size of the informal sector. Second, we analyse a situation where, instead of competing with the formal sector firm, the informal sector firm produces an intermediate good for the other firm.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1403-1415
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061853
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:7:p:1403-1415



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Duval-Hernández
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Duval-Hernández
Title: Choices and Constraints: The Nature of Informal Employment in Urban Mexico
Abstract: 
 Using a special module of the 2015 Mexican Labour Force Survey with information on workers’ preferences for jobs with social security coverage, it is found that 80 per cent of informal workers in large urban areas would prefer to work in a job that provides them with such coverage. The estimation of a discrete choice econometric model which distinguishes between wanting a formal job and the probability of getting one shows that schooling increases the chances of being hired in formal employment and of having higher earnings in it. Women with greater responsibilities at home are less likely to want formal employment, and they also face a lower probability of being hired in such jobs. The findings indicate the segmentation of Mexican labour markets and the rationing of formal jobs, together with the existence of workers who voluntarily participate in informal employment. However, the estimated fraction of involuntary informal workers is quite high.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1349-1362
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061854
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:7:p:1349-1362



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita K. Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: Rita K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida
Author-Name: Lourenço S. Paz
Author-X-Name-First: Lourenço S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Paz
Author-Name: Jennifer P. Poole
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Poole
Title: Precarization or Protection? The Role of Trade and Labour Policies on Informality
Abstract: 
 Several episodes of market-oriented reforms in developing countries have been accompanied by a significant rise in work outside of the formal economy. This paper investigates whether the impact of trade on formal employment is mediated by the strength of labour regulations. We rely on data from the Brazilian Census that provides information on workers' demographics and employment, including job formality status. Our estimation strategy exploits quasi-exogenous changes in industry-level real exchange rates to explore the likelihood of informality across employers exposed to varying degrees of de facto labour regulations. We further utilize two key features of Brazilian labour institutions – budgetary decisions about the availability of resources occur at the federal level, while decisions about where to inspect occur at the local level – to instrument for labour enforcement. Our results suggest that strict labour regulations may lead to a precarization of employment, rather than offering protection for workers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1416-1435
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061850
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ira N. Gang
Author-X-Name-First: Ira N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gang
Author-Name: Rajesh Raj Natarajan
Author-X-Name-First: Rajesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Raj Natarajan
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Finance, Gender, and Entrepreneurship: India’s Informal Sector Firms
Abstract: 
 How does informal economic activity respond to increased financial inclusion? Does it become more entrepreneurial? Does access to new financing options change the gender configuration of informal economic activity and, if so, in what ways and what directions? We take advantage of nationwide data collected in 2010/11 and 2015/16 by India’s National Sample Survey Office on unorganized (informal) enterprises. This period was one of rapid expansion of banking availability aimed particularly at the unbanked, under-banked, and women. We find strong empirical evidence supporting the crucial role of financial access in promoting entrepreneurship among informal sector firms in India. Our results are robust to alternative specifications and alternative measures of financial constraints using an approach combining propensity score matching and difference-in-differences. However, we do not find conclusive evidence that increased financial inclusion leads to a higher likelihood of women becoming entrepreneurs than men in the informal sector.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1383-1402
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061855
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sefa Awaworyi Churchill
Author-X-Name-First: Sefa
Author-X-Name-Last: Awaworyi Churchill
Author-Name: Michael Danquah
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Danquah
Title: Ethnic Diversity and Informal Work in Ghana
Abstract: 
 We present the first study that examines the effects of ethnic diversity on informal work. Using two waves of data from the Ghana Socioeconomic Panel Survey, we find that ethnic diversity is associated with a higher probability of engaging in informal work. Specifically, our instrumental variable estimates suggest that a unit increase in ethnic diversity is associated with up to a 16.7 percentage point increase in the probability of engaging in informal work. This result is robust to alternative estimation approaches and alternative ways of measuring ethnic diversity. Our results also show that trust, which is lower in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods, is an important channel through which ethnic diversity operates to increase the probability of engaging in informal work. Our results point to the need for policies that promote trust between diverse ethnic groups in heterogeneous societies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1312-1331
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061852
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061852
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kunal Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Kunal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Author-Name: Michael Danquah
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Danquah
Author-Name: Simone Schotte
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Schotte
Title: Introduction: What Sustains Informality?
Abstract: 
 This paper provides an introduction to a special issue on what sustains informality. The papers in the special issue contribute significantly to critical issues related to the nature of informal employment and its determinants, how informal firms can grow their business and productivity, and the effects of labor market regulations and social insurance policies on informality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1307-1311
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061857
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061857
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hanna Berkel
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Berkel
Author-Name: Finn Tarp
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp
Title: Informality and Firm Performance in Myanmar
Abstract: 
 Using a unique panel survey of enterprises, we examine the relationship between four categories of formalization and firm productivity. We carry out one- and two-step productivity estimations whose robustness we check with matching and doubly robust estimators. The only formalization category that appears to be significantly associated with productivity is tax formalization, i.e. a firm’s decision to pay taxes. This positive association only holds for firms that were already more productive and bigger before formalizing than other informal firms. The reason for the insignificance of the remaining three categories is likely to be the insignificant association between formalization and potential benefits of formalization, such as more access to credit, employees, and investments. High taxes and fees linked to formalization seem to outweigh the few to non-existent intermediate benefits of formalization.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1363-1382
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2061849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2061849
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:7:p:1363-1382

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# input file: catalog-resolver-8779895341472196863.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Daniel Chris Khomba
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Khomba
Author-Name: Alex Trew
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Trew
Title: Aid and Local Growth in Malawi
Abstract: 
 We study the local impact of foreign aid allocated to districts and constituencies in Malawi over the period 1999–2013 using a highly detailed new aid database that includes annual disbursements at each project location. First, we show using household panel surveys that growth in light density is a good proxy for growth in per capita consumption. Second, we introduce a new dataset that permits a novel instrumental variables strategy. We find a consistent and quantitatively significant relationship between aid and growth. Constituency-level regressions point to a larger effect than at district level, suggesting that aid is associated with some relocation of activity across space but not enough to make the net effect zero. The effect on growth is at its highest immediately after its disbursement, and falls to close to zero in subsequent years, implying that foreign aid has a level effect on incomes but does not stimulate sustained growth. Aid delivered as a grant is positively related with growth, while that given as a loan is not.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1478-1500
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2032668
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2032668
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: catalog-resolver3538704811415317764.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Joanna I. Lewis
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis
Title: Political Economies of Energy Transition: Wind and Solar Power in Brazil and South Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1627-1628
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017765
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017765
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# input file: catalog-resolver8167521617909751023.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-I
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2052404
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2052404
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: catalog-resolver-5594402258166828003.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Max Counter
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Counter
Title: Agrarian Capitalism, War and Peace in Colombia: Beyond Dispossession
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1628-1630
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2021.2017801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2021.2017801
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: catalog-resolver2068734960924029333.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Wendy S. Merritt
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Merritt
Author-Name: Serena H. Hamilton
Author-X-Name-First: Serena H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton
Author-Name: Niladri S. Bagchi
Author-X-Name-First: Niladri S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi
Author-Name: Nayana Baral
Author-X-Name-First: Nayana
Author-X-Name-Last: Baral
Author-Name: Lucy Carter
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter
Author-Name: Arnab Chakraborty
Author-X-Name-First: Arnab
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty
Author-Name: Subhankar Chakraborty
Author-X-Name-First: Subhankar
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty
Author-Name: Michaela Cosijn
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Cosijn
Author-Name: Mahanambrota Das
Author-X-Name-First: Mahanambrota
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Author-Name: Mohammad Ismail Hossain
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Ismail
Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain
Author-Name: Hasneen Jahan
Author-X-Name-First: Hasneen
Author-X-Name-Last: Jahan
Author-Name: Pulak Mishra
Author-X-Name-First: Pulak
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra
Author-Name: Bidur Paria
Author-X-Name-First: Bidur
Author-X-Name-Last: Paria
Author-Name: M. Wakilur Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: M. Wakilur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Author-Name: Christian H. Roth
Author-X-Name-First: Christian H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Roth
Author-Name: Chiranjeevi Tallapragada
Author-X-Name-First: Chiranjeevi
Author-X-Name-Last: Tallapragada
Author-Name: Liana J. Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Liana J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Reflecting on an Integrated Approach to Understanding Pathways for Socially Inclusive Agricultural Intensification
Abstract: 
 Large investments in Research-for-Development (R4D) have occurred around agricultural intensification to improve social and economic outcomes for poor small and marginal farmer households. Mixed evidence for sustained and socially just impacts from these investments reflects that projects aimed at achieving social change are inherently complex and the pathways from intervention to impact are deeply uncertain. R4D projects are increasingly drawing on integrative approaches to explore solution spaces for these complex social-agroecological problems; albeit integration science is not yet mainstream in R4D. We reflect on one approach (integrated assessment, IA) in a project on socially inclusive agricultural intensification, namely on how the project team embraced integration tools and research approaches, translated knowledge and learnings of the community and broader research team into systems frameworks, and ensured that social inclusion and justice concepts were central to the IA tools and process. IA was valued for its participatory focus and for lessening ‘silo thinking’ in the design of community interventions and research activities. We argue that complexity-aware integration approaches like IA are needed to support the design, monitoring and evaluation of R4D projects to enhance outcomes and achieve sustained impact.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1569-1587
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2029418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2029418
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# input file: catalog-resolver-574305997108834334.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Abdul-Rahim Abdulai
Author-X-Name-First: Abdul-Rahim
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdulai
Title: A New Green Revolution (GR) or Neoliberal Entrenchment in Agri-food Systems? Exploring Narratives Around Digital Agriculture (DA), Food Systems, and Development in Sub-Sahara Africa
Abstract: 
 This paper adopts a document analysis to describe the expected developmental effects of agricultural digitalization in Africa and the potential drivers to the narratives that echoe such effects. Narratives show that digitalization is expected to bridge information and knowledge gaps in agriculture; promote food security; increase climate change/environmental sustainability; provide employment and empower the youth; promote gender and women empowerment; and enhance livelihood resilience in rural areas. With these findings, I argue that, though partly justifiable, private-sector led digitalization, with it’s optimistic technocratic narratives, follows, entrenches, and extends the ‘transformational rhetoric’ of the existing international development-driven African Green Revolution efforts to improve smallholder and rural lives through technological diffusion. However, without critical considerations of political-economic issues affecting its proliferation, as well as their implications on power structures and class restructuring, these narratives mask potential neoliberal incursions. Thus, issues of connectivity and the digital divide issues, the slow pace of technological adoption, scaling of digital solutions, and the weak enabling environments must be addressed to potentially make benefits inclusive. The initial suggested political-economic discussions of the narratives inject much needed critical perspectives into the early conversations by showing the potential drivers and motives of digitalization, as well as the tendencies to [among others] further concentrate power and restructure the dynamics of social classes in Africa.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1588-1604
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2032673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2032673
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# input file: catalog-resolver540504394657496147.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Nelson Kasfir
Author-X-Name-First: Nelson
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasfir
Title: How Insurgency Begins: Rebel Group Formation in Uganda and Beyond
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1630-1631
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2026040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2026040
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# input file: catalog-resolver2032522772811022882.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Uchenna Efobi
Author-X-Name-First: Uchenna
Author-X-Name-Last: Efobi
Title: The Long-Term Labor Market Effect of Drought Exposure: Evidence from Nigeria
Abstract: 
 This study shows that women’s labour market outcomes in adulthood vary depending on the circumstance that prevails in the early stages of their lives. Exploiting the variation in drought incidences across Nigerian states with a nationally representative household survey for the periods 2008 and 2013, the result shows that women exposed to the drought at early periods of life see adverse labor market outcomes (including the probability of working and the standard of such work). Educational outcomes also declined with exposure to the drought, suggesting that poor human capital formation is a potential channel for these effects. Impacts on a related supplementary outcome, age at marriage entry, is also a consistent operative channel of impact. These findings further shed light on potential labor supply deficits for women from early life exposure to adverse climatic conditions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1531-1549
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2055464
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2055464
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# input file: catalog-resolver-5201902365788279822.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Krisztina SzabÓ
Author-X-Name-First: Krisztina
Author-X-Name-Last: SzabÓ
Title: Smoothing the Way or Stirring the Pot: The Impact of Foreign Aid Shocks on Conflict in Recipient Countries
Abstract: 
 For many developing countries, aid constitutes a large share of state revenue, a high proportion of which is vastly volatile and unpredictable. This paper focuses on the impact of shocks in foreign aid disbursement on the stability of poor countries, specially on two-sided conflict (internal armed conflict), one-sided conflict from the government (purges) and one-sided conflict from the opposition (assassination, riots and terrorism). The effect of erratic aid disbursement is conditional on how recipient governments react to these shocks and on their ability to make credible commitments. To estimate the effect of an aid shock on conflict and to test how state capacity mediates this relationship, an instrumental variable strategy is proposed based on donors’ Gross National Income (GNI). The main findings indicate that (1) negative (positive) aid shocks increase (decrease) one-sided conflict from the opposition, suggesting that negative aid shocks primarily trigger social unrest from the population; and (2) the effect of negative aid shocks on one-sided conflict from the opposition is especially large in countries with weak state capacity.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1501-1515
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2048651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2048651
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# input file: catalog-resolver7097834691141517664.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Jack Taggart
Author-X-Name-First: Jack
Author-X-Name-Last: Taggart
Title: A Decade Since Busan: Towards Legitimacy or a ‘New Tyranny’ of Global Development Partnership?
Abstract: 
 In 2011, the Busan Forum on Development Effectiveness announced the creation of the Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation (GPEDC). The GPEDC promised to replace the old donor–recipient dynamic in international development with ‘an equator-less landscape of multistakeholder global partnership’ (Eyben & Savage, 2013). Multistakeholder partnerships (MSPs) have since become the global governance modality of choice for the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Advocates maintain that MSPs provide more legitimate and effective governance than interstate multilateralism. But critics contend that MSPs co-opt subaltern voices and reinscribe power asymmetries: MSPs may, thus, constitute a ‘New Tyranny’ within global development governance (Cooke & Kothari, 2001). Drawing on extensive empirical research, this article examines the extent to which the GPEDC provides more legitimate governance or effects akin to a ‘New Tyranny’. Against dichotomous portrayals of MSPs as either inherently ‘legitimate’ or ‘tyrannical’, the article finds that MSPs such as the GPEDC constitute spaces wherein normative principles of world order are negotiated. Nevertheless, the article finds that we are no closer to a global development partnership than we were at Busan.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1459-1477
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2032672
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2032672
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# input file: catalog-resolver7562234539386184093.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Proscovia R. Ntakyo
Author-X-Name-First: Proscovia R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ntakyo
Author-Name: Marrit Van Den Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Marrit
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Den Berg
Title: The Unintended Side-Effects of a Major Development Strategy: Commercialization of Smallholder Production and Women Empowerment in Uganda
Abstract: 
 As many African countries promote commercial agricultural production, it is important to understand how this strategy influences the intra-household balance of power. Commercial crops are traditionally considered the domain of men, and women empowerment may suffer. We use a quasi-experimental design to address the relation between commercial production and women’s voice within the household in rural Uganda. We compare empowerment in households in an area targeted by a large program stimulating rice as a non-traditional cash crop with similar households elsewhere using double robust regression methods. We conclude that the commercialisation program had a significant negative effect on women empowerment in production and women’s control over income, while men’s empowerment in those domains increased. We find only weak effects for social empowerment. Based on these results, we recommend that policies and programs to stimulate commercial agricultural production among smallholder include a strong gender component.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1605-1626
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2032671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2032671
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:8:p:1605-1626



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# input file: catalog-resolver584497155188791027.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: David Jackman
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackman
Author-Name: Mathilde Maitrot
Author-X-Name-First: Mathilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Maitrot
Title: The Party-Police Nexus in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 The use of coercion to pursue dominance over rivals is often seen as a defining feature of more ‘authoritarian’ and ‘hybrid’ political systems. In many contexts however, it is also a routine part of democracy. The difference between these arrangements then lies not so much in the presence of violence and coercion per se, but in how precisely they are organised institutionally and deployed. This is examined here through the case of Bangladesh, where, despite decades of intense and violent political competition, the ruling Awami League has solidified control through three consecutive landslide victories in general elections. Central to how this has been achieved is the empowerment of domestic security agencies, which can be seen as existing in a ‘nexus’ with the party, configured at both the national and local levels. The police in particular have been prioritised, politicised, and directed against the opposition under cover of maintaining law and order. It is then the depth of these inter-dependencies which marks Bangladesh’s recent politics. This has intensified the political entrepreneurialism of the police, and raises questions concerning the balance of power within this nexus.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1516-1530
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2055463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2055463
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# input file: catalog-resolver4526133121812189370.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Francesca Di Matteo
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Matteo
Title: Imagining the Kenyan Commons: The Stakes of State Control Over Land in the Formulation of the Community Land Act (2011-2016)
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses power struggles in the legislation-making processes that produced the Kenyan Community Land Act (CLA), which was called for by Kenya’s 2010 Constitution and drafted between 2011 and 2016. It delves into policy debates and multi-actor negotiations that revolved around the redefinition of authority over customarily-held lands in Kenya. The CLA responded to tenure insecurity resulting from historical land dispossessions and on-going land grabbing with policy provisions intending to register (and thus secure) customarily-held lands as the private property of a community, which was officially recognized as a legal persona. Policy debates held during the reform process often drew on binary narratives about land reforms, presented as either market-promoting or community-protecting, thus obscuring institutional power struggles that actually featured legislation-making, which are dissected in this paper. Although the fast-changing empirical realities of Kenyan customary land regimes often defy the ‘market versus community’ binary, the ultimate policy compromise of the CLA of 2016 was based on the notion of community ownership of land, which hybridizes elements of both these narratives of land reform. The paper argues that studying the power struggles that produced the Act in historical perspective goes far in explaining its hybrid character.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1550-1568
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043279
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043279
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# input file: FJDS_A_2040118_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Diego Andreucci
Author-X-Name-First: Diego
Author-X-Name-Last: Andreucci
Title: Planetary Mine: Territories of Extraction under Late Capitalism
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1893-1895
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2040118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2040118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:58:y:2022:i:9:p:1893-1895



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# input file: FJDS_A_2043283_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Shaibu Mellon Bedi
Author-X-Name-First: Shaibu
Author-X-Name-Last: Mellon Bedi
Author-Name: Lukas Kornher
Author-X-Name-First: Lukas
Author-X-Name-Last: Kornher
Author-Name: Joachim von Braun
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim
Author-X-Name-Last: von Braun
Author-Name: Bekele Hundie Kotu
Author-X-Name-First: Bekele Hundie
Author-X-Name-Last: Kotu
Title: Stimulating Innovations for Sustainable Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Farmers: Persistence of Intervention Matters
Abstract: 
 As part of the dissemination of sustainable intensification (SI) of agricultural practices in northern Ghana, farmers were conditionally induced with inputs to adopt the SI practices. We study the effects of the conditional inducement on maize yield and net income of farmers under a quasi-randomised phase-out design. We examine the effects of the inducement by comparing continuous induced farmers with past induced and non-induced farmers. Our results indicate that the conditional inducement led to an increase in the maize yield and the net income of continuously induced farmers, on average. Estimates also suggest that the continuously induced farmers would have had their maize yields and net incomes decreased by about 64 per cent and 54 per cent, respectively if the inducement had been discontinued. Distributional analysis reveals that the inducement effects are heterogeneous and that past inducement impacted more on the maize yield and the net income of farmers at the lower quantiles. We conclude that appropriate conditional inducement can stimulate farmers’ adoption. Besides, the duration of intervention matters and must not be overlooked in interventions that necessitate gaining experience and learning.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1651-1667
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043283
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# input file: FJDS_A_2043282_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Akito Kamei
Author-X-Name-First: Akito
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamei
Author-Name: Shohei Nakamura
Author-X-Name-First: Shohei
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura
Title: Urban Agglomerations and Wage and Self-employment Jobs in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 Agglomeration effects on the workers’ and firms’ productivity in developed countries are widely confirmed by previous studies, while empirical evidence for developing countries is still limited. This paper sheds light on another urban productivity factor that is particularly important for developing countries: self-employment and wage jobs. The transition from the economy dominated by the former to the one by the latter is a key to economic development. This study examines how urban agglomerations are linked to the mix of self-employment and wage jobs by focusing on one of the least urbanized low-income countries: Ethiopia. Applying an instrumental variable approach to worker-level cross-sectional data, the analysis finds a negative link between town population size and the share of self-employment workers: a log increase in town population size lowers the probability of engaging in self-employment by 7.9 percentage points. Particularly female, young, and less-educated workers are more likely to work with wage jobs in larger towns. The findings suggest a crucial link between urban agglomerations and employment modes in the developing world.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1693-1710
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043282
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# input file: FJDS_A_2048654_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Bianca Capazario
Author-X-Name-First: Bianca
Author-X-Name-Last: Capazario
Author-Name: Umakrishnan Kollamparambil
Author-X-Name-First: Umakrishnan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kollamparambil
Title: Mental and Physical Health Effect of Rural-Urban Migration in South Africa: A Quasi-Experimental Impact Evaluation Study
Abstract: 
 Using the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) longitudinal dataset, this study undertakes a difference-in-differences (DiD) evaluation of the impact of rural-urban migration on mental and physical health in South Africa. The contribution of the study is in considering sample selection bias as well as the causal direction of the relationship through the use of propensity score matching techniques and restricted sample DiD estimation. This study finds that the rural-urban migrants, within the South African NIDS sample, experience a decline in reported physical and mental health outcomes. The study identifies social isolation and difficult living conditions as some of the factors behind the adverse health outcomes. The findings underscore the fact that while favourable economic outcomes will likely occur as a result of migration efforts (such as employment opportunities and increased income), it comes at a cost of both physical and mental health.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1732-1749
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2048654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2048654
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# input file: FJDS_A_2043281_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Andrea Jimenez
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Jimenez
Author-Name: Deborah Delgado
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Delgado
Author-Name: Roger Merino
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Merino
Author-Name: Alejandro Argumedo
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Argumedo
Title: A Decolonial Approach to Innovation? Building Paths Towards Buen Vivir
Abstract: 
 Innovation has been central to development. Yet most assumptions around innovation stem from values derived by capitalist economies such as growth, individualism, and competition which prove to only widen inequalities and promote unsustainable environmental models of extraction and consumption. This paper explores what values and assumptions would underlie innovation in development if based on an alternative ontological and epistemological stance linked to the Andean cosmovision of Buen Vivir. We focus on the case of an Indigenous-led initiative in the Andes of Peru to highlight the underpinnings of its innovation processes. In doing so, we aim to contribute to both development studies literature and innovation studies by exposing the limitations to the accepted Western approach to innovation and exploring what decolonising innovation in development would look like.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1633-1650
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043281
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# input file: FJDS_A_2069491_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Anders Kjelsrud
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Kjelsrud
Author-Name: Kristin Vikan Sjurgard
Author-X-Name-First: Kristin Vikan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjurgard
Title: Public Work and Private Violence
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we study the effect on intimate partner violence of a large public work programme in India that explicitly encourages female participation (MGNREGA). Based on detailed administrative data, we show that the work programme leads to more violence against women. We show that the effect is caused by female employment, and argue that it can be explained by a ‘male backlash’ mechanism, where husbands exercise violence to regain power within marriage.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1791-1806
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2069491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2069491
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# input file: FJDS_A_2040120_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Larry A. Swatuk
Author-X-Name-First: Larry A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Swatuk
Title: The Water Paradox: Overcoming the Global Crisis in Water Management
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1896-1898
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2040120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2040120
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# input file: FJDS_A_2075734_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Caroline Krafft
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Krafft
Author-Name: Maia Sieverding
Author-X-Name-First: Maia
Author-X-Name-Last: Sieverding
Author-Name: Nasma Berri
Author-X-Name-First: Nasma
Author-X-Name-Last: Berri
Author-Name: Caitlyn Keo
Author-X-Name-First: Caitlyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Keo
Author-Name: Mariam Sharpless
Author-X-Name-First: Mariam
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharpless
Title: Education Interrupted: Enrollment, Attainment, and Dropout of Syrian Refugees in Jordan
Abstract: 
 The children affected by the Syrian conflict, including the large population of Syrian refugee children hosted in neighboring countries, are at risk of becoming a ‘lost generation’ due to interruptions in their schooling. This paper examines how educational outcomes of Syrian refugees in Jordan have evolved from pre-conflict to during conflict and displacement. We rely on nationally representative survey data from Jordan in 2016 and in-depth interviews with Syrian refugee youth. We use discrete-time hazard models and compare dropout pre-conflict, during the conflict, and during displacement for different stages of schooling. Syrian refugees in Jordan faced disrupted schooling in Syria due to the conflict, followed by several multidimensional supply- and demand-side barriers to education in Jordan. Yet ultimately enrollment rates, at least through 2016, have recovered to pre-conflict levels for basic education among the group of Syrians in Jordan, with important lessons for other countries struggling to protect refugee children’s education. Host countries’ policy response to refugee education plays a critical role in whether and for how long refugee children resume schooling after displacement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1874-1892
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2075734
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2075734
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# input file: FJDS_A_2048650_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Yasuharu Shimamura
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuharu
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimamura
Author-Name: Satoshi Shimizutani
Author-X-Name-First: Satoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizutani
Author-Name: Shimpei Taguchi
Author-X-Name-First: Shimpei
Author-X-Name-Last: Taguchi
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Title: The Impact of Better Access to Improved Water Sources on Health, Schooling, and Water Collection of Girls and Boys in Rural Zambia
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the short-term impact of better access to improved water available at newly built boreholes on children’s health, schooling, and time allocation in rural Zambia. We employed a difference-in-differences estimation using a dataset collected under a quasi-experimental setting. We observed significant effects of better access to improved water sources on the reduced incidence of diarrhea for pre-school children but not for school-age children. We found no significant effect on school attendance. To understand the mechanism behind this pattern, we examined any changes in time use by children who had better access to improved water sources. For girls, particularly those who lived near the boreholes, we found a significant decrease in time spent on schooling and homework and a significant increase in time spent on water-related household chores including fetching water. We did not find any significant changes for boys. Alongside a significant decrease in time spent on water-related chores by female adults, better access to improved water supply shifts the burden of water-related household chores from female adults to girls while the net burden of water collection alone for girls was unchanged.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1750-1771
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2048650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2048650
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# input file: FJDS_A_2075732_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Plamen Nikolov
Author-X-Name-First: Plamen
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolov
Title: Risk Compensation and HIV Therapy: A Field Experiment in South Africa
Abstract: 
 Risk compensation—the phenomenon positing that people adjust their risky behaviours in response to changes in perceived risks—could have the adverse effect of worsening health outcomes. Consequently, understanding potential behavioural responses is critical for designing effective public policies. This study examines the relationship between improved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy and subsequent risky sexual behaviour. Using a field experiment in South Africa, I estimate the causal effects of improved HIV therapy adherence on subsequent risky sexual behaviour among HIV-positive patients. I find that access to HIV therapy induces a substantial increase in the demand for unsafe sex.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1711-1731
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2075732
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2075732
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# input file: FJDS_A_2055466_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Gaurav Datt
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav
Author-X-Name-Last: Datt
Author-Name: Cun Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Cun
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Russell Smyth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth
Title: Missing Women in China and India over Seven Decades: An Analysis of Birth and Mortality Data from 1950 to 2020
Abstract: 
 This paper constructs long-run estimates of total missing women (including missing girls at birth and excess female deaths) in China and India over seven decades from 1950 to 2020. We find that the number of missing women in India has been higher than in China throughout the seven decades. Over time, missing girls at birth grew faster in China than in India, but China has made more rapid progress in reducing excess female deaths after birth. While the share of missing girls at birth in total missing women has risen since the 1980s, there has also been a shift in excess female mortality from younger to older age groups. Our estimated trends are consistent with key economic, social, demographic and technological events and developments in the two countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1807-1830
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2055466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2055466
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# input file: FJDS_A_2048652_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Aine Seitz Mccarthy
Author-X-Name-First: Aine Seitz
Author-X-Name-Last: Mccarthy
Author-Name: Rachel Pearlman
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearlman
Title: Multiplying Siblings: Exploring the Trade-off Between Family Size and Child Education in Rural Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 The question of whether large families have a subsequent negative impact on child health, education, and welfare is of pressing concern for development and public health policy. We tackle this question by empirically exploring whether parents face a trade-off between increasing the size of their family and investing in their children. Using data from a rural sub-district in Bangladesh (the 1996 Matlab Health and Socioeconomic Survey), we estimate the effect of siblings on school attendance, literacy, and numeracy. We use an instrumental variables approach, instrumenting first for children’s sibship size their mothers’ menarche age, and also instrumenting for children’s sibship size with the household’s treatment status (in the Matlab family planning experiment). Although we find no effect of siblings on school attendance, we find that additional siblings increase the likelihood that children are literate and numerate. These effects are greater for girls and younger siblings, consistent with positive numeracy and literacy spillovers from older siblings to younger ones. The results provide counter-evidence to the quality-quantity trade-off theory and demonstrate that sibling education spillovers may dominate any reduced investment on the part of parents.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1831-1856
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2048652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2048652
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# input file: FJDS_A_2043278_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Klaus Deininger
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus
Author-X-Name-Last: Deininger
Author-Name: Songqing Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Songqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Hari K. Nagarajan
Author-X-Name-First: Hari K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nagarajan
Author-Name: Sudhir K. Singh
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhir K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: Addressing Declining Female Labor Force Participation in India: Does Political Empowerment Make a Difference?
Abstract: 
 Despite income growth, fertility decline, and educational expansion, female labour force participation in rural India dropped precipitously over the last decade. Nation-wide individual-level data allow us to explore if random reservation of village leadership for females affected women’s access to job opportunities, their demand for participation in the labour force, and income as well as intra-household bargaining in the short-and medium term. Gender reservation of local leadership affected female but not male participation in public works and regular labour markets, their income, and their influence on key household decisions with a lag, suggesting that such reservation affected social norms and stereotypes.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1772-1790
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2043278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2043278
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# input file: FJDS_A_2040119_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Stefan Andreasson
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Andreasson
Title: Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1895-1896
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2040119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2040119
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# input file: FJDS_A_2055465_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Thibaut Plassot
Author-X-Name-First: Thibaut
Author-X-Name-Last: Plassot
Author-Name: Isidro Soloaga
Author-X-Name-First: Isidro
Author-X-Name-Last: Soloaga
Author-Name: Pedro Torres
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres
Title: Inequality of Opportunity in Mexico and its Regions: A Data-Driven Approach
Abstract: 
 This research proposes a first approximation of Inequality of Opportunity (IOp) in Mexico based on a concept of ex-post compensation, fully consistent with Roemer’s approach. This framework considers the advantage reached by an individual to be determined by the circumstances and by the effort exerted. Following Brunori and Neidhöfer, we construct a data-driven procedure using regression trees to identify types based on circumstances. To identify effort, an algorithm estimates the distribution of outcome in each type based on coefficients of Bernstein polynomials. We present IOp indicators for both an ex-ante and an ex-post approach. Our results underline the differences, in terms of opportunities, faced by individuals, based on the territory in which they grew up, the household context, and personal characteristics. The education and the wealth of parents, and the area of residence at age of 14 are the principal circumstances that shape the trajectories, besides the skin tone or the region. Importantly, territorial variables are significant among the individuals in relative poor households at age of 14, but they hold less importance for the others. IOp is higher in rural areas, in the South and in the Center compared to other regions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1857-1873
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2055465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2055465
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# input file: FJDS_A_2048653_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Hundanol A. Kebede
Author-X-Name-First: Hundanol A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kebede
Title: Risk Aversion and Gender Gaps in Technology Adoption by Smallholder Farmers: Evidence from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 Adoption of chemical fertilizers is a high-risk and high-return investment option for smallholder agricultural households that heavily rely on rainfall. I document a persistent gap of above 10% in the adoption of chemical fertilizer between male- and female-headed smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. This gender gap remains after accounting for household characteristics, access to complimentary farm inputs, access to credit, soil quality, and crop selection. Using historical variability of rainfall at the district level as a measure of a district’s risk of crop failure, I find strong evidence that the gender gap in fertilizer adoption increases with the level of risk in the district. I explore the role of two competing hypotheses to explain this observation: gender difference in risk aversion and differential access to consumption smoothing/liquidity constraints by male- and female-headed households. I find strong evidence that gender differences in access to consumption smoothing/liquidity constraints play a minimal role, implying that gender difference in risk aversion plays the dominant role. This is consistent with a bulk of lab and field experimental studies that find evidence that women tend to be more risk-averse than men.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1668-1692
Issue: 9
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2048653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2048653
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# input file: FJDS_A_2052434_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Rachel Brulé
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Brulé
Title: Demanding Development: The Politics of Public Goods Provision in India's Urban Slums
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2175-2177
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2052434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2052434
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# input file: FJDS_A_2051834_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Dipali Mukhopadhyay
Author-X-Name-First: Dipali
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhopadhyay
Title: Imagining Afghanistan: The History and Politics of Imperial Knowledge
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2173-2175
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2051834
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2051834
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# input file: FJDS_A_2096440_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Adnan Naseemullah
Author-X-Name-First: Adnan
Author-X-Name-Last: Naseemullah
Title: The International Political Economy of the Middle-income Trap
Abstract: 
 Developing countries face uncertain trajectories for growth in the twenty-first century, with many finding themselves a ‘middle-income trap’. Extant theories in the politics of development that focus on domestic institutional strength and weakness represent necessary but not fully sufficient explanations for the trajectories of middle-income countries. In order to explain uncertain and uneven development outcomes in an era of heightened globalisation, this article seeks to explore the impact of international institutions, specifically the post-Cold War structures of trade and investment and global value chains, on the possibilities for growth for middle-income countries. The particular character of rules and norms defining trade and investment and the power dynamics behind their design suggest that international institutions as well as domestic factors explain disappointing and increasingly unequal development outcomes among middle-income countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2154-2171
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2096440
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2096440
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# input file: FJDS_A_2069494_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sebastian Heinen
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinen
Title: Rwanda’s Agricultural Transformation Revisited: Stagnating Food Production, Systematic Overestimation, and a Flawed Performance Contract System
Abstract: 
 The quantitative development of Rwanda’s agriculture in recent years has been widely regarded as a success story. However, a simple statistical analysis of publicly available data shows that food crop production volumes and yields actually stagnated over the last fifteen years. Moreover, agricultural output was significantly overestimated from 2008 to 2013 and then adjusted without explanation in Rwandan and international datasets. As a result, the country’s economic growth numbers are inflated as well. After presenting substantial evidence for these claims, this article discusses why massive food production overestimation occurred. It argues that it likely proliferated due to a flawed performance contract system that incentivized bureaucrats and farmers to tweak the numbers instead of compelling them to achieve actual results. Even more, this inflation prevented early detection of agricultural stagnation and the required policy adjustment. The article concludes that despite its failure to raise yields and the flaws in its governance system, the Rwandan government has achieved a fair amount of progress in state-building and socio-economic development, and that this may eventually lead to more effective policy implementation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2044-2064
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2069494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2069494
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# input file: FJDS_A_2096444_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Kirsten Sehnbruch
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Sehnbruch
Author-Name: Rafael Carranza Navarrete
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Carranza Navarrete
Author-Name: Dante Contreras Guajardo
Author-X-Name-First: Dante
Author-X-Name-Last: Contreras Guajardo
Title: Unemployment Insurance in Transition and Developing Countries: Moral Hazard vs. Liquidity Constraints in Chile
Abstract: 
 One of the most complex policy issues that developing countries will face as a result of the employment crisis caused by the Covid crisis is the question of how they can better protect the unemployed. However, the analysis of unemployment insurance (UI) in developing economies with large informal sectors is in its infancy, with few papers providing solid empirical evidence. This paper therefore makes several contributions: first, it applies Chetty’s 2008 landmark work on UI to a transition economy (Chile) and shows that the moral hazard effects expected by policy makers, who designed the system are minimal, while liquidity effects were entirely neglected. Second, it demonstrates that it is not enough merely to quantify effects such as moral hazard, but to understand their causes as unemployment generated by moral hazard or liquidity constraints has different welfare implications and should therefore result in different policies. By means of an RDD, this paper analyses the Chilean UI system using a large sample of administrative data, which allows for an extremely precise analysis of how the system works, thus providing invaluable empirical lessons for other countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2089-2109
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2096444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2096444
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# input file: FJDS_A_2081501_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Fang Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Fang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Title: Infant Mortality and Desired Fertility: The Case of the Free Health Care Initiative in Sierra Leone
Abstract: 
 Sierra Leone launched the Free Health Care Initiative, which abolished health user fees for pregnant and breastfeeding women and children under five years of age, in 2010. Combining data from the Demographic and Health Survey and a geocoded dataset for the distribution of public health facilities, I design a difference-in-differences study involving birth timing and transportation cost to investigate its impact on infant mortality and desired fertility. I find that the program does not achieve its goal of reducing infant mortality, with the lack of vaccination being a major problem. Notwithstanding the lack of reduction in infant mortality, the program leads to a significant decline in desired fertility, implying that parents may overestimate the program’s benefits and change their expectations of infant mortality accordingly. Heterogeneous effects by household wealth suggest that poor households are more adversely affected by the program than wealthy ones.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2001-2020
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2081501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2081501
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# input file: FJDS_A_2096443_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Rachel Sabates-Wheeler
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabates-Wheeler
Author-Name: Kalle Hirvonen
Author-X-Name-First: Kalle
Author-X-Name-Last: Hirvonen
Author-Name:  Jeremy Lind
Author-X-Name-First:  Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Lind
Author-Name: John Hoddinott
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoddinott
Title: Expanding Social Protection Coverage with Humanitarian Aid: Lessons on Targeting and Transfer Values from Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 While social protection programmes have multiplied over the last two decades across sub-Saharan Africa, these coexist alongside humanitarian assistance in many places, calling for better integration of assistance delivered through the two channels. Progress on this front is hampered by limited evidence of whether and how these historically siloed sectors can work together. Using quantitative and qualitative data from districts covered by Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) and where humanitarian food assistance (HFA) was delivered, we assess differences in targeting and transfer values. We find that the PSNP and HFA were targeted to households with different characteristics. PSNP transfers did, on average, reach those households that were chronically food insecure. HFA, while delivered through the PSNP systems, was targeted to households that were acutely vulnerable. These are promising findings as they suggest that social protection systems are able to effectively deliver a continuum of support in response to different types of vulnerability and risk. On transfer values, we find that the value of PSNP transfers is greater than those for HFA. One reason for this may be due to the social pressure on local officials to distribute support more widely across a drought-affected population when faced with acute needs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1981-2000
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2096443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2096443
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# input file: FJDS_A_2075733_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Frank Otchere
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Otchere
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Handa
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu
Author-X-Name-Last: Handa
Title: Building Resilience through Social Protection: Evidence from Malawi
Abstract: 
 We apply a well-known resilience index developed by the FAO to data from a cash transfer evaluation in Malawi to address two key questions: Is the FAO index a valid measure of resilience? Can an unconditional cash transfer significantly boost household resilience? Our answer to both these questions is affirmative. The resilience index positively predicts future positive coping behaviour among households (predictive validity) and is a stronger predictor of future coping than consumption or assets. We then find that the unconditional cash transfer increased the resilience index by 12 points, or 30 per cent over the baseline mean index value. Results imply that small, regular, predictable cash transfer payments to ultra-poor households not only protect current consumption but can also build resilience and protect against future shocks.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1958-1980
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2075733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2075733
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# input file: FJDS_A_2094253_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: M. Niaz Asadullah
Author-X-Name-First: M. Niaz
Author-X-Name-Last: Asadullah
Author-Name: Anindita Bhattacharjee
Author-X-Name-First: Anindita
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharjee
Title: Digital Divide or Digital Provide? Technology, Time Use, and Learning Loss during COVID-19
Abstract: 
 COVID-19 school closure has caused a worldwide shift towards technology-aided home schooling. Given widespread poverty in developing countries, this has raised concerns over new forms of learning inequalities. Using nationwide data on primary and secondary school children in slum and rural households in Bangladesh, we examine how learning time at home during the early months of school closure varies by access to technology at home. Data confirms a significant socio-economic and gender divide in access to TV, smartphone, computer, and internet among rural households. However, the analysis of daily time use data shows only a modest return to a technology in terms of boosting learning time at home. The learning-grade gradient is shallow and insensitive to TV, smartphone, and computer access at home. We also find no evidence that technology access per se helps learning by boosting time spent in online schooling and private supplementary coaching/tutoring. While technology access matters in households where parents act as home tutors, the magnitude of such a complementary effect are not large. The results imply a loss of out-of-school learning time during school closure even in households with technology access. We consider additional hypotheses relating to institutional and socio-economic barriers to home-based learning in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1934-1957
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2094253
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2094253
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# input file: FJDS_A_2094252_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Aalia Cassim
Author-X-Name-First: Aalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassim
Author-Name: Daniela Casale
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela
Author-X-Name-Last: Casale
Title: Identifying the Wage Differential in the Temporary Employment Services Sector: Evidence for South Africa using Administrative Tax Records
Abstract: 
 Although the temporary employment services (TES) or labour broker sector has been growing in recent decades, and there has been much heated public debate on whether the jobs offered constitute ‘decent work’, there has been little empirical research on this sector in developing countries. In this paper, we use a unique administrative panel dataset based on income tax records for the period 2011–2015 in South Africa, to explore the wage and benefits differentials between TES and non-TES workers. We find a substantial gross wage differential of around 88 per cent, which remains high at 34 per cent even after accounting for worker fixed effects and controlling for the individual and job characteristics available in the data. We also show that TES workers are much less likely to report benefit contributions than non-TES workers, and when they do, their contributions as a percentage of the gross wage are on average much lower than among non-TES workers. These results add substance to the arguments that TES workers are in a more precarious position than non-TES workers, and that this form of employment contributes to high levels of labour market inequality in South Africa.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2065-2088
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2094252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2094252
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# input file: FJDS_A_2069492_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Hai-Anh H. Dang
Author-X-Name-First: Hai-Anh H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dang
Author-Name: Trong-Anh Trinh
Author-X-Name-First: Trong-Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: Trinh
Title: The Beneficial Impacts of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Air Pollution: Evidence from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Little evidence currently exists on the effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on air quality in low-income countries, where most air pollution-linked deaths occur. We offer the first study on the lockdown impacts in Vietnam, a poorer country with the worsening air pollution that has had a successful fight against early waves of the pandemic. We compile a new, rich database from various sources including satellite air pollution data for the past year from January 2020 to January 2021 that covers both the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic lockdown periods. Employing the Regression Discontinuity Design method, we find NO2 concentration to decrease by 24 per cent to 32 per cent 2 weeks after the COVID-19 lockdown. While these positive effects on air quality are comparable to those found in previous studies on stricter gasoline regulations or transition to cleaner energy sources, they dissipate after 10 weeks. Our findings are robust to different measures of air quality and model specifications. We also find that mobility restrictions are a potential channel for improved air quality. Finally, our back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that 2 weeks after the lockdown, the economic gains from better air quality are at least 33.9 million US dollars.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1917-1933
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2069492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2069492
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# input file: FJDS_A_2055467_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Mikkel Funder
Author-X-Name-First: Mikkel
Author-X-Name-Last: Funder
Author-Name: Kendra Dupuy
Author-X-Name-First: Kendra
Author-X-Name-Last: Dupuy
Title: Climate Finance Coordination From the Global to the Local: Norm Localization and the Politics of Climate Finance Coordination in Zambia
Abstract: 
 The transfer of climate finance to developing countries is a key feature in global climate change agreements. This article examines how conflicting preferences between climate finance donors and domestic actors affect the diffusion of emerging international norms on climate finance coordination at national and subnational levels in Zambia. Informed by literature on norm localization we trace the diverging preferences and interactions among donors and domestic actors over a 12-year period as they shape climate finance coordination in Zambia with support from the global Climate Investment Funds. We find that this has been a highly conflictual and dynamic process with contestation centered on norm application rather than norm validity. While the World Bank have had a strong initial influence on the enactment of coordination norms, domestic actors have over time undermined and reconfigured coordination arrangements to align better with their own preferences. Our findings show (i) how emerging international norms on climate finance coordination may be localized and reshaped as they are enacted in developing countries; (ii) that preferences may differ significantly between and among donors and domestic actors in this regard, and (iii) that past relationships from development cooperation may be carried forward but also challenged in this process.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1899-1916
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2055467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2055467
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# input file: FJDS_A_2086045_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Wan Seok Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Wan Seok
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Title: The Effect of TV/Radio Media Family Planning Messages on Modern Contraceptive Use among Women: Empirical Evidence from the Philippines
Abstract: 
 The Republic of the Philippines has been trying since the 1960s to reduce high fertility rates to promote economic growth and eradicate poverty. This study employs propensity score matching to estimate the effect of TV/radio, TV, and radio family planning (FP) messages on the probability of women’s current and intended future use of modern contraception. I found that women exposed to TV/radio FP messages are 3 percentage points (p.p.) [95% CI: .008, .055] more likely to use modern contraception than women who were not exposed to these messages. Likewise, watching FP messages on TV increases the probability of using modern contraception by around 4 p.p. [95% CI: .011, .066]. FP messages on radio have no effect on modern contraceptive use, however. Sub-analyses reveal that exposure to TV/radio media FP messages has no effect on modern contraceptive use among women with lower educational attainment, or among women with lower levels of wealth.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2132-2153
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2086045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2086045
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# input file: FJDS_A_2096441_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Ben D’Exelle
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Exelle
Author-Name: Liz Ignowski
Author-X-Name-First: Liz
Author-X-Name-Last: Ignowski
Title: Intra-Household Resource Allocation in Rural Tanzania: Why Women Care about Disclosure
Abstract: 
 How resources from development or social programs are allocated within the household is important for household welfare. Intra-household resource allocation does not only depend on who receives and allocates the resources, but also on whether the resources are disclosed to other household members. In patrilineal societies in rural Tanzania, like the one we selected for this study, we expect disclosure of the available resources to have a stronger effect on women’s allocation decisions than on their husbands’. To test this, we use a choice experiment with 664 couples in rural Tanzania. Each spouse allocates a hypothetical sum of money between themselves, their spouse, and their children. We randomize whether they are told to assume that these resources are disclosed to their spouse. We find that women respond more strongly to disclosure than their husbands. Disclosure of the resources makes women increase the share allocated to their spouse and reduce the share kept to themselves but does not change the share allocated to their children. This disclosure effect is stronger among women with a controlling husband and women who receive transfers from their husband but gets weaker with higher spousal trust.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2021-2043
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2096441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2096441
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# input file: FJDS_A_2040121_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Mary Kaldor
Author-X-Name-First: Mary
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaldor
Title: How the United States Abandoned Peace and Reinvented War
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2172-2173
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2040121
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2040121
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# input file: FJDS_A_2096442_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Stefania Lovo
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Lovo
Author-Name: Gonzalo Varela
Author-X-Name-First: Gonzalo
Author-X-Name-Last: Varela
Title: Internationally Linked Firms and Productivity in Pakistan: A Look at the Top End of the Distribution
Abstract: 
 This paper examines productivity drivers for Pakistani publicly listed firms from 2012 to 2017, with a focus on policy and outcome measures of integration in upstream sectors. We find that increased import duties on intermediates, and reduced FDI in upstream services, are associated with a reduction in productivities downstream. Gains from lower input tariffs accrue to firms that cannot secure duty exemptions—domestic-oriented firms and smaller exporters. Gains from upstream services FDI accrue mostly to firms that are further from the productivity frontier. Our results suggest that productivity growth in Pakistan would benefit from increased exposure of upstream sectors to global markets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2110-2131
Issue: 10
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2096442
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2096442
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# input file: FJDS_A_2081500_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sefa Awaworyi Churchill
Author-X-Name-First: Sefa Awaworyi
Author-X-Name-Last: Churchill
Author-Name: Russell Smyth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth
Author-Name: Trong-Anh Trinh
Author-X-Name-First: Trong-Anh
Author-X-Name-Last: Trinh
Title: The Intergenerational Impacts of War: Bombings and Child Labour in Vietnam
Abstract: 
 While adverse consequences of war for the generation who lived through the conflict have been well documented in the literature, the intergenerational impacts of war have received far less attention. We provide causal evidence on the impact of bombings during the Vietnam War on the prevalence of child labour among second-generation Vietnamese, defined as those born after the Vietnam War. Our preferred results, which instrument for bombing intensity using distance to the 17th parallel north latitude, suggest that a 10% increase in the intensity of bombings generates a 1.9 percentage point increase in the probability that a child worked in the last 12 months. This result is robust to several checks. We examine several potential channels and find that this relationship is mediated through household poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2290-2306
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2081500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2081500
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# input file: FJDS_A_2086046_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jonathan Goodhand
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodhand
Author-Name: Oliver Walton
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton
Title: Fixes and Flux: Frontier Brokers, Political Settlements and Post-War Politics in Nepal and Sri Lanka
Abstract: 
 This article examines post-war politics in Nepal and Sri Lanka through the prism of centre-periphery relations, drawing upon and expanding political settlements analysis. We highlight two key features neglected in existing research on political settlements: first, the spatial dimensions of these settlements – particularly the salience of frontier regions in shaping post-war orders. These ‘sensitive spaces’ continue as sites of struggle in the post-war period and frontier battles over the reordering of space and the delineation of rights, authority and citizenship are central to the emergence of post-war political settlements. Second, within these post-war frontiers we highlight the role of ‘frontier brokers’ who mediate between national and local levels of the political system. Post-war frontiers provide an opening and a demand for brokers who act as both gatekeepers and go-betweens, balancing demands from communities at the margins with the need to forge alliances and extract resources from central actors. We argue that questions of space and agency need to be foregrounded in political settlement analysis, and studying the lives of frontier brokers provides a lens for understanding shifts in political settlements and the changing relationship between the national and subnational levels of the political system at war’s end.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2331-2348
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2086046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2086046
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# input file: FJDS_A_2057014_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Gowri Vijayakumar
Author-X-Name-First: Gowri
Author-X-Name-Last: Vijayakumar
Title: Enduring Cancer: Life, Death, and Diagnosis in Delhi
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2409-2410
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2057014
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2057014
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# input file: FJDS_A_2075736_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Giorgia Giovannetti
Author-X-Name-First: Giorgia
Author-X-Name-Last: Giovannetti
Author-Name: Marco Sanfilippo
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanfilippo
Author-Name: Arianna Vivoli
Author-X-Name-First: Arianna
Author-X-Name-Last: Vivoli
Title: Import Tariff Liberalization, Employment, and Gender in Ethiopia
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the impact of trade liberalization on local labour markets in Ethiopia, with a focus on the gender dimension of employment and on the process of structural transformation. By exploiting rich micro-level data on Ethiopian workers, we evaluate the effect of the Ethiopian trade reforms on the changes and composition of employment. We find that districts more exposed to trade liberalization experienced reductions in their employment levels, especially in female employment. We also show that reductions in tariffs trigger a process of sectoral reallocation from agriculture to services and that this process is particularly pronounced for women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2366-2392
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2075736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2075736
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# input file: FJDS_A_2069493_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Dadie Dago
Author-X-Name-First: Dadie
Author-X-Name-Last: Dago
Author-Name: Thierry Yogo
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry
Author-X-Name-Last: Yogo
Title: Do School Feeding Programmes Reduce Child Labour? Evidence from Liberia
Abstract: 
 Though there is comprehensive literature on the effectiveness of school feeding in increasing school enrollment and school attendance, little is known about its potential effect on child labor. This paper takes advantage of the 2007 Core Welfare Questionnaire Indicator survey conducted between August and September 2007 in Liberia to assess the causal impact of the School Feeding Programme (SFP) on child labour. Using the propensity score-matching technique, we find that the SFP leads to a statistically significant decrease in child labour estimated at between 14 and 17%. This result is robust to the use of different matching techniques and the choice of covariates used in the estimation of the propensity score. In addition, the analysis reveals that the SFP is mainly effective in reducing child labour for male children, children living in war-displaced households, and children living in households in which the head is literate. Overall, the study shows that the detrimental effect of conflict on child labor can be mitigated by school feeding interventions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2222-2236
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2069493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2069493
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# input file: FJDS_A_2086047_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Daniel Cheong
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheong
Title: Natural Disasters and Changing Risk Preferences: Long-Run Field Evidence from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Whilst studies have looked at the impact of one-off exogenous events on risk preferences, few have used longitudinal field data to assess the long-run effects of cumulative exposure to shocks. This paper studies how risk preferences are shaped by the cumulative experience of natural disasters, drawing on longitudinal field data representative of the Indonesian population from 1993 to 2014. Exploiting natural disasters as natural experiments in a difference-in-difference model, this paper provides causal evidence that past disaster experience leads to decreased risk aversion over time. Heterogeneity analysis finds evidence suggestive of a risk familiarisation process, where individuals adjust their risk preference with respect to the difference between ex ante-expected and ex post-experienced disasters.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2307-2330
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2086047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2086047
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# input file: FJDS_A_2057016_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Yan-ho Lai
Author-X-Name-First: Yan-ho
Author-X-Name-Last: Lai
Title: Sunflowers and Umbrellas: Social Movements, Expressive Practices, and Political Culture in Taiwan and Hong Kong: By Thomas Gold and Sebastian
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2410-2411
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2057016
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2057016
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# input file: FJDS_A_2086048_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Laine Munir
Author-X-Name-First: Laine
Author-X-Name-Last: Munir
Title: Do Cooperatives Improve Female Miners’ Outcomes? A Case Study of Rwanda
Abstract: 
 Many African countries have encouraged the creation of local cooperatives in their efforts to legalize artisanal and small-scale mining. This exploratory case study of Rwanda's largest mining cooperative examines how cooperative business models, rather than direct company employment, might mitigate women's vulnerabilities in extractive industries. Through feminist political ecology's intersectionality framework, this research asks how cooperatives might improve women's outcomes along three lines—financial gains, gender violence reduction, and legal awareness and empowerment. Qualitative inquiry directly draws from semi-structured interviews, focus-group discussions, and participant observations, and indirectly from mapmaking workshops, with women who are full-time employees, seasonal miners, and farmers near six extraction sites. Based on content analysis in NVivo, this study finds the selected cooperative does not improve women's financial outcomes or lower violence rates compared to private companies in Rwanda. A specific form of gender violence, coerced transactional employment sex, is higher in the cooperative. However, cooperative work may expand women's rights conceptions and legal consciousness. Cooperative members demonstrated a greater understanding of supply chains, government functions, and conflict resolution pathways. These results indicate that cooperatives are not a panacea for rural women’s marginalization but are a starting point for enhanced understandings of socio-economic and legal equities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2349-2365
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2086048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2086048
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# input file: FJDS_A_2075737_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Chris J. Barton
Author-X-Name-First: Chris J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barton
Author-Name: Gary M. Grossman
Author-X-Name-First: Gary M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grossman
Author-Name: Yagana Hafed
Author-X-Name-First: Yagana
Author-X-Name-Last: Hafed
Title: Innovation is the Answer! But is Development the Question? Assessing Innovation Against the Capabilities Approach to Development
Abstract: 
 Recently, development has embraced the discourse of innovation. This has caused shifts in thinking about the roles the state, development institutions, and the poor themselves play in development. Innovation discourse calls on the poor to provide value for the market in the absence of the state, and by doing so contribute to the economic and social development of their communities. The poor are understood to have access to (non-financial) resources which can be leveraged to this end. However, it is rarely considered whether they possess the capabilities necessary to turn these resources into innovations. This article explores the implications of development's ‘innovation turn’ by analysing innovation-based development projects in light of the capabilities approach to development. We identify the innovation-based approach to development, provide a framework for assessing development projects and models against the Capabilities Approach, and assess innovation within that framework. We conclude that innovation does not necessarily lead to development. In certain cases, innovation may be a means by which development is achieved, but it is important to not confuse the means with the ends. Innovation is a different goal than development and achieving the former only advances the later when certain conditions are met.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2180-2197
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2075737
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2075737
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# input file: FJDS_A_2094255_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Florian Léon
Author-X-Name-First: Florian
Author-X-Name-Last: Léon
Author-Name: Ibrahima Dosso
Author-X-Name-First: Ibrahima
Author-X-Name-Last: Dosso
Title: Civil Conflict and Firm Recovery: Evidence from Côte d’Ivoire
Abstract: 
 This paper examines how firms bounce back after a short, albeit severe, civil conflict. Thanks to a rich firm-level database, we follow surviving enterprises before, during and after the 2011 post-electoral crisis in Côte d'Ivoire. Main findings are summarized as follows. First, recovery was rapid in the first year but imperfect: 3 years after the shock, firms did not reach their pre-crisis level of productivity. Second, we show a wide heterogeneity in recovery across firms according to their initial characteristics (before the crisis). Young and local firms are more able to rebound after the crisis. In addition, credit-constrained firms are less resilient, highlighting the importance of access to credit in post-crisis periods. Finally, the recovery is quicker for labor-intensive firms; but firms relying more on skilled workers are less likely to rebound.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2263-2289
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2094255
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# input file: FJDS_A_2121062_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey
Title: In Memoriam: John Toye 1942–2021
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2179-2179
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2121062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2121062
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# input file: FJDS_A_2096445_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Francis Andrianarison
Author-X-Name-First: Francis
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrianarison
Title: Unravelling the Linkage between Food Security, Poverty Reduction, and Education for Sustainable Development
Abstract: 
 All members of the United Nations have pledged to achieve no poverty and zero hunger within the sustainable development goals (SDG) agenda by 2030. This study looks at the SDG objectives and linkages between poverty, food insecurity, and education. We constructed a composite food security index to capture the multidimensional concept of food security. The link between poverty and food security is then examined using the new food security index and the robustness of the link is compared with the conventional unidimensional food security measure. Using a recursive, simultaneous-equations model and data from a nationally representative household survey in Cameroon, we find a strong link at the national and in both urban and rural regions. The results show the important driver role of education, better education not only contributes to poverty reduction but also enhances food security. The absolute marginal effects of tertiary education are clearly stronger in rural areas. Compared to access to credit, the benefits of education are much more substantial. These findings are in favour of an integrated and targeted approach to address food security and emphasise the driver role of education in enabling sustainable development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2198-2221
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2096445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2096445
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# input file: FJDS_A_2075735_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Grace Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Grace
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Title: How is Adolescents’ Time Allocation Associated with their Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy? Evidence from Four Developing Countries
Abstract: 
 Adolescents’ time allocation is an important determinant of non-cognitive skills formation, but evidence from developing countries is limited. This study builds upon two previous studies using data from four developing countries. I estimate how adolescents’ time allocation determines their self-esteem and self-efficacy – two measures of non-cognitive skills – and I show how these estimates are sensitive to trade-offs across different types of activities. In every country, an additional hour of domestic work that reduces time for school or study reduces children’s self-efficacy, significant for all countries except Peru. Work is most harmful for girls in India and Vietnam, but not for boys in Ethiopia. However, domestic or economic work that shifts time away from leisure is no more or less determinative of adolescents’ self-efficacy or self-esteem in all countries analyzed. Attending school and studying outside school improve both self-efficacy and self-esteem for adolescents in Peru, but are statistically insignificant in the other three countries. Overall, these findings are mainly relevant for self-efficacy compared to self-esteem. The harmful effects of adolescents’ work are contextual, depending on the activity substituted, and the country studied.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2237-2262
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2075735
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# input file: FJDS_A_2094254_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Haiyun Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Haiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Xuefeng Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xuefeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Spillover Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on Export Sophistication: Evidence from Chinese Domestic Manufacturing Firms
Abstract: 
 The rapid growth of China’s export sophistication and the driving factors are a matter of discussion in the literature. This study constructs a new measurement for net sophistication by utilizing the world input-output database and excluding the technologies embodied in foreign inputs. We find that although China’s net sophistication has been increasing, it is much lower than that of developed countries. Based on new measurements, we explore the impact of FDI on domestic firms’ net sophistication in China using data from 2000 to 2010. The results suggest that FDI has competition effects on domestic firms. Net sophistication may increase in the short term as domestic firms adjust their production by reducing the use of foreign technology to reduce costs. However, this increase in net sophistication is not sustainable without technological upgrades. Under long-term competition from foreign firms, domestic firms’ net sophistication decreases. Our findings provide clear policy implications for labor-rich developing countries that seek to upgrade exports by attracting FDI.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2393-2408
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2094254
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# input file: FJDS_A_2058759_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Parker Shipton
Author-X-Name-First: Parker
Author-X-Name-Last: Shipton
Title: The Culture and Development Manifesto
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2411-2413
Issue: 11
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2058759
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# input file: FJDS_A_2065070_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Radha Upadhyaya
Author-X-Name-First: Radha
Author-X-Name-Last: Upadhyaya
Title: When Things Don’t Fall Apart
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2624-2625
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2065070
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# input file: FJDS_A_2120803_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Rafael Novella
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Novella
Author-Name: Horacio Valencia
Author-X-Name-First: Horacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Valencia
Title: Active Labor Market Policies in a Context of High Informality: The Effect of PAE in Bolivia
Abstract: 
 Information asymmetries and limited skills are two main factors affecting job seekers’ chances to access quality jobs in developing countries. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a program combining job intermediation and wage subsidy in Bolivia, a country with one of the highest levels of informality in Latin-America. Using administrative and survey data, we find that the program substantially increases employment and formality. These effects are heterogeneous across different subsamples of interest. Our results suggest that Active Labor Market Policies might be an effective solution for improving access to quality jobs in the context of high informality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2583-2603
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2120803
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# input file: FJDS_A_2102898_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Yoshito Takasaki
Author-X-Name-First: Yoshito
Author-X-Name-Last: Takasaki
Title: Chiefly Patronage and Schooling
Abstract: 
 In developing countries, indigenous chiefly systems can be a main driver of patronage, potentially hampering development. This paper explores how chiefly patronage shapes people’s incentives for schooling in Fiji. I develop a model to show how chiefly status can influence a household's child schooling decision, depending on whether the patronage operates in labor markets. I employ a triple-difference approach by combining the novel direct measures of chieftaincy from my original survey data with 1970 independence and 1987 coups as natural experiments, and gender. I show that indigenous chieftaincy interacted with British colonial rule to affect employment, and thus schooling, after independence for males but not females in chiefly networks. After this patronage weakened under post-coup reforms, males in the networks temporarily increased secondary schooling to compensate for their weakened advantage. The majority of male Fijians outside the networks were less encouraged to make schooling investments over time. As such, chiefly patronage persistently distorted male secondary schooling, thereby augmenting the outperformance of female education.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2503-2525
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2102898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2102898
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# input file: FJDS_A_2130053_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Shampa Bhattacharjee
Author-X-Name-First: Shampa
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharjee
Author-Name: Aparajita Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Aparajita
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Title: Disease Eradication, Infant Mortality, and Fertility Response: Evidence from Malaria Eradication in India
Abstract: 
 Using a massive malaria eradication program in India during the 1950s as a natural experiment, we examine the effects of disease environment on child health outcomes and fertility. We harmonise a rich dataset on malaria endemicity with fertility histories of women to exploit the cohort level variation in exposure to the program. We find that the program leads to a significant decline in infant and neonatal mortality and leads to a significant increase in the probability of birth during adolescent years in high malaria endemic regions. We confirm that a fall in the mother’s age at first birth in the post-eradication period drives the fertility response.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2444-2459
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2130053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2130053
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# input file: FJDS_A_2068233_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Antara Mandal
Author-X-Name-First: Antara
Author-X-Name-Last: Mandal
Author-Name: Supriya Garikipati
Author-X-Name-First: Supriya
Author-X-Name-Last: Garikipati
Title: The Rise and Decline of Patriarchal Systems: An Intersectional Political Economy
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2625-2627
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2068233
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2068233
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# input file: FJDS_A_2068827_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Christian C. Lentz
Author-X-Name-First: Christian C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lentz
Title: Empires of Vice: The Rise of Opium Prohibition across Southeast Asia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2627-2628
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2068827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2068827
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# input file: FJDS_A_2102897_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Christopher Hoy
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoy
Author-Name: Russell Toth
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Toth
Author-Name: Nurina Merdikawati
Author-X-Name-First: Nurina
Author-X-Name-Last: Merdikawati
Title: Can a Multipronged Strategy of “Soft” Interventions Surmount Structural Barriers for Financial Inclusion? Evidence From the Unbanked in Papua New Guinea
Abstract: 
 We study the impacts of a comprehensive financial inclusion program in a particularly remote, insecure and low-trust setting, lacking bridging institutions to facilitate sustained interventions. We evaluate this program in Wewak district in northwest Papua New Guinea, by randomly assigning treatment to 41 of 79 villages. The program involves a 2-day financial literacy training workshop, timely offers of no-fee bank accounts with reduced administrative hurdles, and savings ‘nudges’. We use both survey and bank account administrative data to measure its impact on financial literacy, budgeting and savings behavior, as well as on the ownership and use of bank accounts. Although 25 per cent of adults in treatment villages attended the training and 70 per cent of participants opened a bank account, we do not detect any significant downstream effects. Our results draw into question the benefit of initiatives aiming to ‘bank the unbanked’ in remote areas, revealing challenges in promoting financial inclusion among the next frontier of underserved and hard-to-reach populations.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2460-2482
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2102897
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2102897
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# input file: FJDS_A_2102901_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Lavagnon Ika
Author-X-Name-First: Lavagnon
Author-X-Name-Last: Ika
Author-Name: Simon Feeny
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Feeny
Title: Optimism Bias and World Bank Project Performance
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the correlates of optimism bias and its impact on World Bank project performance. We measure optimism bias in different ways using estimated Economic Rates of Return (ERR) of projects at approval and closure. We examine over 2,800 World Bank projects that were appraised between 1960 and 2019. We find that approximately 60% of projects in the sample were prone to optimism bias. Correlates of optimism bias include both project and country characteristics. Findings also indicate that the incidence of optimism bias reduces the chance of a satisfactory project performance rate at the time of evaluation by 17–20%. Recommendations include embracing complexity and uncertainty in considering projects for approval, providing organizational incentives for ensuring projects are successful rather than ERRs being accurate, shifting some resources from appraisal to implementation, and changing the nature of project supervision.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2604-2623
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2102901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2102901
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# input file: FJDS_A_2128774_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Atsushi Iimi
Author-X-Name-First: Atsushi
Author-X-Name-Last: Iimi
Title: Agriculture Production and Transport Connectivity: Evidence from Mozambique
Abstract: 
 Despite relative richness of the existing literature, it remains a challenge to consistently estimate the impacts of transport connectivity on agricultural production. The paper constructs pseudo-panel data with transport infrastructure defined at high resolution in two periods of time and examines spatially heterogeneous impacts of improved transport connectivity. The paper takes advantage of the unique circumstances in Mozambique where the Government invested intensively in road infrastructure during a relatively short period of time in the 2010s. Combining the highly disaggregated location-specific fixed effects with the instrumental variable method, the paper controls for the endogeneity to show that the improved road connectivity increased agricultural production significantly. Rural connectivity and domestic market accessibility are found to be of particular importance, but substantial heterogeneity exists across regions. The northern provinces, where transport connectivity is limited, have the potential for agricultural growth, exhibiting increasing returns to scale.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2483-2502
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2128774
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2128774
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# input file: FJDS_A_2113064_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Ruixia Song
Author-X-Name-First: Ruixia
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Shuzhuo Li
Author-X-Name-First: Shuzhuo
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Lisa Eklund
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Eklund
Title: Can Risk Perception Alter Son Preference? Evidence from Gender-Imbalanced Rural China
Abstract: 
 It is well established that son preference is the crucial driver for sex ratio imbalance, and that there are risks stemming from such imbalance. Whether risks associated with a gender-imbalanced society may alter son preference will be explored in this study, which has so far received scant scholarly attention. Using data from the Consequences of Gender Imbalance Survey conducted in 2018, exploiting structural equation modelling, this paper shows that risk perception of gender imbalance has a significant and negative effect on stated son preference; however, entrenched traditional norms underpinning the institution of son preference, measured as gender role attitudes and the value of sons, are reinforced by risk perception. The effect of risk perception on weakening stated son preference is suppressed by gender role attitudes and the value of sons which are still upholding stated son preference. Overall, the effects of risk perception and social norms are additive, influencing stated son preference simultaneously, but traditional norms act as counteracting forces. This study makes an important step toward shedding light on both continuity and change in son preference in gender-imbalanced rural China, and offers new perspectives for future research.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2566-2582
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2113064
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2113064
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# input file: FJDS_A_2102900_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Khushbu Mishra
Author-X-Name-First: Khushbu
Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra
Author-Name: Richard A. Gallenstein
Author-X-Name-First: Richard A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallenstein
Title: Gender and Willingness to Pay for Insured Loans: Empirical Evidence from Ghana
Abstract: 
 This study investigates the willingness to pay (WTP) for index-based drought insurance coupled with agricultural loans by product design and gender, using a contingent valuation method. The empirical estimations reveal several important findings. First, females have lower mean WTP than male farmers for each product design. Second, females do not express preference differences between insured loan product designs while males do. In fact, males prefer insured loans that make payouts directly to them and prefer insured loans without design risk.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2526-2543
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2102900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2102900
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# input file: FJDS_A_2113063_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sergio L. M. Rivero
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio L. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivero
Author-Name: Oriana Trindade de Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: Oriana Trindade de
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida
Author-Name: Patricia Carignano Torres
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia Carignano
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres
Author-Name: Andre de Moraes
Author-X-Name-First: Andre
Author-X-Name-Last: de Moraes
Author-Name: Erick Chacón-Montalván
Author-X-Name-First: Erick
Author-X-Name-Last: Chacón-Montalván
Author-Name: Luke Parry
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Parry
Title: Urban Amazonians use Fishing as a Strategy for Coping with Food Insecurity
Abstract: 
 Fishing provides livelihoods and food for millions of people in the Global South yet inland fisheries are under-researched and neglected in food and nutrition policy. This paper goes beyond the rural focus of existing research and examines how urban households may use fishing as a livelihood strategy for coping with food insecurity. Our study in Brazilian Amazonia is based on a random sample of households (n = 798) in four remote riverine towns. We quantitatively examine the inter-connections between fishing and food insecurity, and find that fishing is a widespread coping strategy among disadvantaged, food insecure households. Fisher households tend to be highly dependent on eating fish, and for these households, consuming fish more often is associated with a modest reduction in food insecurity risks. Fishing provides monthly non-monetary income worth ≤ USD54 (equivalent to ∼12% of mean monetary income), potentially reducing food insecurity risks almost as much as the conditional cash transfer Bolsa Família. We estimate that nearly half a million inhabitants of the region’s remote, riverine urban centres are directly dependent on a household member catching fish, a nutritious and culturally preferred food. Consequently, small-scale urban fishers must be recognised in policy debates around food and nutrition security and management of natural resources.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2544-2565
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2113063
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2113063
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# input file: FJDS_A_2110487_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Gemechu Aga
Author-X-Name-First: Gemechu
Author-X-Name-Last: Aga
Author-Name: Hibret Maemir
Author-X-Name-First: Hibret
Author-X-Name-Last: Maemir
Title: COVID-19 and Sub-Saharan Africa Firms: Impact and Coping Strategies
Abstract: 
 Drawing on a representative survey of firms in 38 countries, eight of which are in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), this paper documents the impact of COVID-19 and firms’ coping strategies in SSA, benchmarking with other regions. The paper shows that the impact of the pandemic is more pronounced in Sub-Saharan Africa compared with other regions. This disproportionate impact is not explained by differences in sectoral composition and other firm characteristics, but likely by the level of development. This underscores the important economic and structural contexts that predate the pandemic in understanding the differential impact. Contrary to expectations, the findings show that businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa are more likely to adjust their operations or products and services to adapt to the shock than those in other regions. However, firms in the region lag in leveraging digital technologies, remote working, and e-commerce, compared with those in other regions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 2415-2443
Issue: 12
Volume: 58
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2110487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2110487
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# input file: FJDS_A_2076929_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: J. P. Singh
Author-X-Name-First: J. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: Trade Wars are Class Wars: How Rising Inequality Distorts the Global Economy and Threatens International Peace
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 151-152
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2076929
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2076929
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# input file: FJDS_A_2120804_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Uttara Balakrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Uttara
Author-X-Name-Last: Balakrishnan
Author-Name: Magda Tsaneva
Author-X-Name-First: Magda
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsaneva
Title: Impact of Air Pollution on Mental Health in India
Abstract: 
 There is extensive evidence linking air pollution exposure to physical health. Less is known about the mental health impacts of poor air quality, especially in developing countries. We use data from India and estimate the causal impact of air pollution exposure on feeling sad, experiencing cognitive difficulties, and feeling unable to control and cope with important things in life. We instrument for air pollution exposure using the annual number of nighttime thermal inversions and show that air pollution exposure in the previous calendar year significantly worsens mental health in the current year. We examine potential mechanisms and find that air pollution exposure negatively impacts self-reported physical health, worsens respiratory conditions, and increases the likelihood of experiencing sleeping difficulties. Accounting for mental health impacts of pollution exposure is critical to accurately estimating the true health costs of air pollution and designing optimal environmental policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 133-147
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2120804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2120804
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# input file: FJDS_A_2130055_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Andrew G. McClelland
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew G.
Author-X-Name-Last: McClelland
Author-Name: Duncan Shaw
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw
Author-Name: Nathaniel O'Grady
Author-X-Name-First: Nathaniel
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Grady
Author-Name: Ayham Fattoum
Author-X-Name-First: Ayham
Author-X-Name-Last: Fattoum
Title: Recovery for Development: A Multi-Dimensional, Practice-Oriented Framework for Transformative Change Post-Disaster
Abstract: 
 Disasters are a primary influence in the global development landscape given their unequal impacts across society and calls for transformative change in their aftermath. Recovering from disasters is one component of development that is coming under scrutiny. This is especially so in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, whose scale, scope, and cascading effects mean that the uncertain prospects for recovery will be complicated and endure long term. COVID-19 has forced a reappraisal of what recovery encompasses, who it is for, and how it can better enable preparedness for future disasters. Drawing upon interviews with a global community of experts specializing in different areas of disaster governance, this paper focuses on the lessons emerging for recovery-related theory and practice deriving from the pandemic. We elaborate a multi-dimensional framework to support those working on local recovery planning within communities and operating across different sectors. The framework captures the interconnected issues across six principal domains—communities, economic, infrastructure, environment, health, and governance—representing key impact areas around which strategies and multifaceted actions can be developed. We suggest a three-step process using a systems approach to develop a recovery strategy that operationalizes the framework and addresses the complexity of long-term recovery for development.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-20
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2130055
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2130055
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# input file: FJDS_A_2120805_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Joshua L. Greenberg
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Greenberg
Author-Name: Jordan Bateisibwa
Author-X-Name-First: Jordan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bateisibwa
Author-Name: Joseph Ngonzi
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngonzi
Author-Name: Katherine Donato
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Donato
Title: Demand-Side Factors in Maternal Health Outcomes: Evidence from a Community Health Worker Programme in Uganda
Abstract: 
 While community health workers (CHWs) are a core feature of many low-resource healthcare systems, evidence on both their health impacts and the mechanisms behind these impacts remains limited. Using a difference-in-differences design with a control and treatment group, this study evaluated a CHW programme in southwestern Uganda aimed at improving maternal health outcomes. We found relatively little evidence of an overall programme effect on health behaviours, including antenatal care attendance and delivery under skilled supervision. Analysis of heterogeneity by gestational age at first antenatal visit—which should have modulated exposure to the intervention—provided suggestive evidence that treatment effects varied predictably with gestational age. Altogether, the absence of strong programme effects may have been due to suboptimal performance by CHWs, thus highlighting the importance of studying and instituting appropriate monitoring and incentive schemes for such programmes. Additionally, in contrast to the weak treatment effect findings, analysis of the entire study sample between the pre- and post-intervention periods showed large improvements in healthcare-seeking behaviour across both the treatment and control groups. These changes may have arisen from concurrent supply-side health facility improvements affecting the entire study population, spillover effects from the CHWs, or background health trends.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 114-132
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2120805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2120805
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# input file: FJDS_A_2110489_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Martina Björkman Nyqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Martina
Author-X-Name-Last: Björkman Nyqvist
Author-Name: Jessica Leight
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Leight
Author-Name: Vandana Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Vandana
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Title: Community Health Educators and Maternal Health: Experimental Evidence from Northern Nigeria
Abstract: 
 The slow pace of improvement in service delivery and health outcomes for pregnant women and newborns in developing countries has been a major concern for policy makers in recent decades. This paper presents the results from a randomized controlled trial of a community health worker program designed to enhance uptake of child and maternal health services in Northern Nigeria. Three interventions were evaluated: the deployment of community health educators, health educators with the provision of safe birth kits, and health educators with community dramas. The results suggest that the interventions increased utilization of antenatal, postnatal, and infant care. Maternal and newborn health practices improved as well as health knowledge. In addition, the community health worker program was more effective when supplemented with additional program components.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 73-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2110489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2110489
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# input file: FJDS_A_2102899_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Allison Benson
Author-X-Name-First: Allison
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson
Author-Name: Jean-Paul Faguet
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Faguet
Title: Increasing Access to Formal Agricultural Credit: The Role of Rural Producer Organisations
Abstract: 
 Access to agricultural credit contributes to rural development by allowing farmers to carry out profit-maximising investments that increase productivity and income, underlining the importance of exploring ways to increase access to this resource. This paper analyses the role of Rural Producer Organisations (RPOs) in easing access to formal agricultural credit. We build an original dataset comprising 15,000 municipality-year observations of RPO creation and credit allocation in Colombia to estimate a fixed effects model. We show that when the number of RPOs increases in a municipality, aggregate access to credit increases. This positive relation also holds at the individual level, with RPO membership increasing both the likelihood of a farmer requesting credit and of receiving the requested credit. We discuss demand and supply-side mechanisms that plausibly explain these results, and we further show that the relation between RPOs and access to credit is heterogeneous according to the source of credit (public vs. private bank) and the type of farmer to whom it is allocated (low-wealth, mid-wealth or high-wealth farmers). Our results point to the potential of RPOs to improve access not only to input and output markets but also to financial markets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 21-38
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2102899
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2102899
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# input file: FJDS_A_2073649_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jared P. Van Ramshorst
Author-X-Name-First: Jared P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Ramshorst
Title: Exit and Voice: The Paradox of Cross-Border Politics in Mexico
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 149-150
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2073649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2073649
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# input file: FJDS_A_2113065_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Bjorn Van Campenhout
Author-X-Name-First: Bjorn
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Campenhout
Author-Name: Els Lecoutere
Author-X-Name-First: Els
Author-X-Name-Last: Lecoutere
Author-Name: David J. Spielman
Author-X-Name-First: David J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Spielman
Title: Hiding or Pleasing: Spousal Disagreement Among Ugandan Maize Farmers
Abstract: 
 To gain a better understanding of intrahousehold bargaining processes, surveys increasingly collect data from co-heads individually, especially on decision-making, asset ownership and labour contributions. However, answers provided by co-heads to the same set of questions often differ substantially. Recent research suggests that while some of this disagreement is due to random measurement error and cognitive bias, part also reflects non-overlapping information sets. We document differences in answers between male and female co-heads in monogamous smallholder maize-farming households in Uganda. We first confirm that not all disagreement can be explained by measurement error or bias. Using a field experiment, we then test if disagreement is due to information asymmetry between male and female co-heads. We also test an alternative explanation where discord is attributed to co-heads’ tendency to respond in line with prevailing gender norms and social customs. While the interventions did seem to reduce discord in survey response about decision-making, we do not find that information asymmetry nor reporting in line with gender norms and customs are the primary drivers of disagreement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 39-57
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2113065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2113065
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# input file: FJDS_A_2069362_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Kate Manzo
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Manzo
Title: Combating Modern Slavery: Why Labour Governance is Failing and What We Can Do About It
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 148-149
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2069362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2069362
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# input file: FJDS_A_2110488_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Shikhar Mehra
Author-X-Name-First: Shikhar
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehra
Author-Name: Yaniv Stopnitzky
Author-X-Name-First: Yaniv
Author-X-Name-Last: Stopnitzky
Author-Name: Mo Alloush
Author-X-Name-First: Mo
Author-X-Name-Last: Alloush
Title: Do Shocks and Environmental Factors Shape Personality Traits? Evidence from the Ultra-Poor in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Personality characteristics and non-cognitive skills are key determinants of decision-making and economic outcomes. While personality is commonly believed to be stable after age 30, evidence suggests that significant changes in occupational or social roles, or exposure to family or health shocks, can have effects on personality traits. In this paper, we study the short-term effects of two kinds of shocks on measured personality traits among young adults from ultra-poor households in Uganda. In particular, we examine the short-term impacts of (i) a randomized anti-poverty program and (ii) environmental changes—exposure to drought, high temperatures, and wind—on personality traits. We find significant differences in measured personality traits across these factors, in particular among food insecure individuals. These results suggest that economic shocks and environmental factors may have an effect on the non-cognitive skills among young ultra-poor adults. On the other hand, our results also suggest that caution is warranted when using these tools used to measure personality traits in such rural, low-income settings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 94-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2110488
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2110488
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# input file: FJDS_A_2110490_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Uchenna R. Efobi
Author-X-Name-First: Uchenna R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Efobi
Author-Name: Joseph B. Ajefu
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajefu
Title: Reforming of Women’s Litigant Rights and Child Wellbeing: Evidence from Nigeria
Abstract: 
 Does a legal reform with patriarchal interpretations of the religious law codes affect the wellbeing of the children? In this study, we show that reforming the legal system by adopting a religious law, with high enforcement in some Nigerian states, affects a woman's bargaining power and utility outside marriage, which could adversely affect a child's wellbeing. We find empirical support for this framework by using a difference-in-differences design that exploits variation in the women's religion, the state of residence, and the period of reform enforcement in Nigeria. The findings of this paper reveal that women exposed to the reforms are likely to report poor health investment and poor health outcomes in their children. The potential pathways through which the reform affects child wellbeing include early marriage entry and a decline in a woman's intra-household bargaining power.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 58-72
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2110490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2110490
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# input file: FJDS_A_2128777_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Martina Querejeta
Author-X-Name-First: Martina
Author-X-Name-Last: Querejeta
Author-Name: Marisa Bucheli
Author-X-Name-First: Marisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Bucheli
Title: The Effect of Childbirth on Women’s Formal Labour Market Trajectories: Evidence from Uruguayan Administrative Data
Abstract: 
 The motherhood penalty for developed countries is well-established in the economic literature. Childbirth intensifies the traditional gender roles that affect paid and unpaid work and contributes to the persistence of the gender labour gap. However, little is known about this phenomenon for developing contexts. This paper investigates the motherhood effects on women’s formal employment and wage trajectories in Uruguay. We document significant and robust motherhood penalties in the labour market, applying an event study method to almost 20 years of social security administrative data. One year after childbirth, formal monthly labour earnings decrease by 22 per cent. This drop fails to recover over time, and ten years after the arrival of children, women’s earnings are 40 per cent below their level just before childbirth. This penalty is mainly driven by a drop in formal employment and, to a lesser extent, a wage decline for those remaining employed. Heterogeneous analysis shows that low-wage women face higher motherhood penalties than high-wage women. Interestingly, these negative effects on wages and formal employment have reduced over time, and recent mothers face lower motherhood penalties.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 209-223
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2128777
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2128777
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# input file: FJDS_A_2130054_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Samuel Brazys
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Brazys
Author-Name: Minhaj Mahmud
Author-X-Name-First: Minhaj
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahmud
Author-Name: Arya Pillai
Author-X-Name-First: Arya
Author-X-Name-Last: Pillai
Title: Who Gets the Goodies? Overlapping Interests and the Geography of Aid for Trade Allocation in Bangladesh
Abstract: 
 The Sustainable Development Goal principle of “leaving no one behind” has led to increased attention being paid to patterns of intra-country allocation of foreign aid. We contribute to these efforts by considering a particular type of foreign aid, Aid for Trade (AfT), to discern allocation objectives of aid. We match a novel, geo-coded, dataset on over 11,000 Bangladeshi exporting firms to over one thousand AfT project locations in Bangladesh similarly geo-coded by AidData and expanded by ourselves. We use this matched data to employ spatial techniques that evaluate political economy logics of aid allocation, wherein AfT is functionally targeted towards exporting firms, is allocated based on prebendalism, and/or is directed to high poverty areas. Our analysis finds support that AfT is allocated based on functional or prebendalist logics. The results for poverty are more nuanced. When considered in a stand-alone fashion, poverty is associated with a smaller likelihood of allocation. However, some evidence suggests that when the other logics are present, the impact of poverty on allocation becomes positive. These findings suggest that the politics of aid allocation is a nuanced and intricate dance with multiple overlapping or competing logics.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 242-257
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2130054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2130054
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# input file: FJDS_A_2128776_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Wenqing Huangfu
Author-X-Name-First: Wenqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Huangfu
Author-Name: Tao Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Xiangning Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangning
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: A Multilateral Donation that Boomerangs Home: Analysing the Donor State Advantage in UN Procurement
Abstract: 
 Bilateral aid procurement is politicised and strongly favours suppliers from donor countries. Does multilateral development assistance eliminate the procurement bias favouring donor countries because international bureaucrats make procurement decisions? Existing evidence from the World Bank, which delegates procurement responsibilities to aid recipient countries, cannot answer our theoretical question. Using official data from 20 UN organisations during the 2013–2018 period and applying regression and mediation analysis, we find that the procurement of international organisations still favours donor countries when international bureaucrats make procurement decisions. We identify donor state representation within the UN staff as a key stepping stone linking donation to procurement bias. In contrast, member states whose nationals are heads of a UN bureaucracy do not enjoy procurement advantage, suggesting that UN procurement bias operates through an informal bottom-up channel. Our paper contributes to the debates on the independence of international organisations in the context of multilateral development assistance and procurement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 170-187
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2128776
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2128776
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# input file: FJDS_A_2080394_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jeremy L. Wallace
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace
Title: Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 299-300
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2080394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2080394
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# input file: FJDS_A_2094578_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Amanda Rizkallah
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizkallah
Title: For the War Yet to Come: Planning Beirut’s Frontiers
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 304-306
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2094578
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2094578
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# input file: FJDS_A_2110491_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Tobias Wuttke
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuttke
Title: Global Value Chains and Local Inter-Industry Linkages: South Africa’s Participation in the Automotive GVC
Abstract: 
 International trade in the 21st century operates through global value chains (GVCs). There is a growing literature on how the emergence of GVCs has changed the playing field for catch-up industrialization of developing countries. Inter-industry linkages have historically been a central aspect of catch-up industrialization. How such linkages on the country level are affected by the reality that trade is conducted via GVCs is an important research question. This paper synthesizes the theoretical elaborations on inter-industry linkages from the classic development economics literature with secondary empirical data from the East Asian industrialization experience to illustrate the importance of inter-industry linkages for the industrialization process. Using primary data from the South African automotive industry, the paper shows how the dynamics of the automotive GVC have affected domestic inter-industry linkage building in the country. The backward linkages to the domestic component manufacturing industry and to the domestic materials industries from South Africa’s successful integration into the automotive GVC have been disappointing. Both local policy decisions as well as GVC-specific dynamics of follow sourcing and the proliferation of manufacturing technologies and material standards have undermined more substantial backward linkages from exports of automobiles.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 153-169
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2110491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2110491
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# input file: FJDS_A_2093150_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Praveen Jha
Author-X-Name-First: Praveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Jha
Title: Dispossession Without Development: Land Grabs in Neoliberal India By Michael Levien
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 302-304
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2093150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2093150
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# input file: FJDS_A_2113066_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Mohammed Iddrisu Kambala
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Iddrisu
Author-X-Name-Last: Kambala
Title: Colonial Origins of Comparative Development in Ghana
Abstract: 
 A striking feature of Ghana’s development landscape is the stark development disparity between a relatively developed South and a trailing North. Explanations for the disparity have often been hinged on differences in geography and past colonial experience. In this study, I provide an empirical justification for the historical hypothesis that the dynamics of colonial rule contributed significantly to the development divergence between the North and the South. I exploit the asymmetric regional distribution of past colonial public investments in education, health and infrastructure to show that the dynamics of colonial rule explain a significant portion of the development disparity between the two regions. I also survey compelling historical anecdotes to show that prior to the colonial project the North was a relatively prosperous region.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 188-208
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2113066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2113066
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# input file: FJDS_A_2113067_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: José María Rentería
Author-X-Name-First: José María
Author-X-Name-Last: Rentería
Title: Inequality of Educational Opportunity and Time-Varying Circumstances: Longitudinal Evidence from Peru
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the extent to which characteristics that are beyond the control of children affect their educational outcomes. This is a matter of particular interest because the distribution of educational opportunities will shape future outcomes in other realms. While time-invariant circumstances have already been examined in the inequality of opportunity (IOp) literature, the role of time-varying circumstances has not yet been addressed. For the first time, this paper provides both lower and upper-bound estimates of IOp on learning achievement and assesses the impact of time-varying circumstances on upper-bound measures. It exploits a very rich and unusual longitudinal data set, the Young Lives Study, focusing on a cohort of children that has been followed for fifteen years, surveyed for the first time when they were around a year old. The results suggest that educational IOp is sizable and time-varying circumstances do not have a major impact on upper-bound measures using panel data.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 258-278
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2113067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2113067
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# input file: FJDS_A_2128775_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Daniel Hill
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill
Author-Name: Stephanie F. McWhinnie
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie F.
Author-X-Name-Last: McWhinnie
Author-Name: Shalander Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Shalander
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Author-Name: Daniel Gregg
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gregg
Title: Technology Heterogeneity and Poverty Traps: A Latent Class Approach to Technology Gap Drivers of Chronic Poverty
Abstract: 
 The analysis of household wealth dynamic remains an important methodology in the identification of poverty traps. To overcome measurement issues in survey data, livelihoods-based approaches of the dynamics of poverty are typically examined using panel regressions of a livelihoods regression on household assets and other socio-economic factors over time. In this paper, we characterise the livelihoods regression as a ‘livelihoods technology’, and use a latent class-technology approach to account for heterogeneity in how households generate a livelihood. We use a detailed dataset from rural India covering 213 households across 2001–2014, and control for selection issues through a Heckman Selection model. Our results are the first in the wealth dynamics literature to show that substantial heterogeneity exists in the technologies with which households generate their livelihoods. Importantly, we show that accounting for heterogeneity in household livelihoods ‘technologies’ more readily identifies different equilibria in wealth levels and provides previously foregone information on who is poor and why they remain poor.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 224-241
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2128775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2128775
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# input file: FJDS_A_2090713_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Antonia Settle
Author-X-Name-First: Antonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Settle
Title: Finance, Growth and Inequality: Post-Keynesian Perspectives
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 300-302
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2090713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2090713
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# input file: FJDS_A_2120806_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Carolyn Chisadza
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Chisadza
Author-Name: Nicky Nicholls
Author-X-Name-First: Nicky
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicholls
Author-Name: Eleni Yitbarek
Author-X-Name-First: Eleni
Author-X-Name-Last: Yitbarek
Title: Inequality, Outreach, and Impact in Public Goods Contributions
Abstract: 
 Mobilizing domestic resources is vital in financing domestic investment and social programmes, which are essential for reducing poverty in developing countries. We consider citizens’ willingness to contribute to public goods as one mechanism for domestic resource mobilization. In particular, we are interested in how willingness to contribute varies on three dimensions: inequality in initial endowments, public good outreach (local vs. national), and the expected impact of giving. We conducted a preregistered (AEARCTR-0007746) online experiment with a sample of 900 respondents in South Africa. First, public goods game tasks with equal and unequal endowments were compared to estimate inequality impacts. Second, a dictator game decision with donations to a national charity was compared to the local public goods game to study the effect of project outreach. Finally, to estimate donation impact, charity decisions with quadrupled contributions were compared to those with doubled contributions. We find overall high levels of contribution, with much overlap across the different contexts considered. We note that the highest endowment proportion is contributed in the unequal context, with low endowment players giving the highest share of their endowments. Response time data shows that decisions take longer where donation impact is higher, and where endowments are unequal, particularly for those receiving lower endowments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 279-298
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2120806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2120806
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# input file: FJDS_A_2111760_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Clare Cummings
Author-X-Name-First: Clare
Author-X-Name-Last: Cummings
Title: Power and Informality in Urban Africa, Ethnographic Perspectives
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 453-455
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2111760
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2111760
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139604_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Joseph B. Ajefu
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajefu
Author-Name: Joseph O. Ogebe
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogebe
Title: Impact of Intergovernmental Transfers on Household Multidimensional Well-Being
Abstract: 
 Do intergovernmental transfers affect the multidimensional well-being of households? This paper investigates the relationship between intergovernmental transfers and household multidimensional well-being, using the revenue allocation by the federal government to sub-national or state governments in Nigeria. We follow Alkire & Foster to compute a multidimensional poverty index (MPI), which is the weighted sum of three broad dimensions of poverty – health, education, and living standards. We adopt an instrumental variable (IV) approach by using exogenous variation in oil windfalls as an instrument to mitigate the endogeneity concerns associated with using intergovernmental transfers in our analysis. We find that an increase in intergovernmental transfers leads to an improvement in household multidimensional well-being or a decline in the multidimensional poverty index. We identify recurrent and capital expenditures as some of the potential channels through which intergovernmental transfers affect the multidimensional well-being of households in Nigeria. The findings of this paper reinforce the growing evidence of the developmental impacts of intergovernmental transfers, especially in the context of developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 381-397
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139604
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139609_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Julian Pedrazzi
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedrazzi
Author-Name: Leonardo Peñaloza-Pacheco
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Peñaloza-Pacheco
Title: Heterogeneous Effects of Forced Migration on the Female Labor Market: The Venezuelan Exodus in Colombia
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we analyze the impact of Venezuelan migration on the female labor market in Colombia. Following the economic crisis in Venezuela, more than 1.5 million Venezuelans arrived in Colombia in the period 2016–2019. Using an instrumental variables approach, we find that the sudden influx of millions of migrants reduced the labor force participation of less-skilled native women due to a disproportionate increase of competition in economic activities in which they were more concentrated. On the other hand, migration positively affected the labor force participation for high-skilled women with children. When testing the underlying mechanisms of this latter result, we find a reduction in the time spent on childcare and an increase in the probability of hiring domestic service, explained by a decrease in the cost of this service due to the Venezuelan exodus.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 324-341
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139609
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139609
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# input file: FJDS_A_2109847_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mick Moore
Author-X-Name-First: Mick
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: Gambling on Development: Why Some Countries Win and Others Lose
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 450-451
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2109847
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2109847
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# input file: FJDS_A_2132150_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Samuel Ampaw
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ampaw
Author-Name: Simon Appleton
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Appleton
Author-Name: Xuyan Lou
Author-X-Name-First: Xuyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lou
Title: Government Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Expenditure in Ghana
Abstract: 
 The relationship between membership in Ghana’s national health insurance scheme and out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure (OOPHE) was quantified using data from two rounds of the Ghana Living Standards Survey for 2013 and 2017. Censored quantile regressions were evaluated with and without instrumental variables. The results show that going from having no insured household member to all insured predicted less OOPHE (by 19% at the median). We find statistically significant differences between the 2013 and 2017 estimates. Insurance reduced OOPHE in 2013 but had a statistically insignificant effect in 2017. The effect on spending on outpatient care was greater than that related to medicine and medical supplies. There was no statistically significant relationship with hospitalisation fees. Falling government health spending and growing reliance on private healthcare financing have been observed. The insurance scheme has become less generous, and it was therefore less effective in 2017.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 398-412
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2132150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2132150
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139605_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jamelia Harris
Author-X-Name-First: Jamelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Title: Occupational Preferences of Skilled Workers in the Presence of a Large Development Sector
Abstract: 
 Aid and the resulting development sector have expanded in developing countries in the past decades. Many studies have explored the effects of aid, but few have studied the effects of the development sector on decisions around labor supply and occupational choice. Using primary data from Sierra Leone, this article contributes to the literature by exploring how the presence of a large development sector influences the occupational preferences of skilled workers. Four key findings emerge. First, the development sector is an attractive employment choice as the largest share of skilled jobseekers (44 percent) opt for early-career employment working for a donor organization, international NGO or local NGO. Second, there is an ability-effect as workers with higher cognitive ability are more likely to choose the development sector over the public and private sectors. Third, more prosocial jobseekers and those seeking social status from employment are more likely to prefer the development sector. And fourth, favorable perceptions of the development sector reduce the probability of choosing the public and private sectors. These findings speak to policy and should encourage development organizations to reflect on their impact on the dynamics of the labor market in countries in which they operate.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 342-359
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139605
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# input file: FJDS_A_2110355_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Larry Au
Author-X-Name-First: Larry
Author-X-Name-Last: Au
Title: The Elephant and the Dragon in Contemporary Life Sciences: A Call for Decolonising Global Governance
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 452-453
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2110355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2110355
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# input file: FJDS_A_2107157_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Caroline Norma
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Norma
Title: Healing Labor: Japanese Sex Work in the Gendered Economy
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 448-450
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2107157
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2107157
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139608_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yasuharu Shimamura
Author-X-Name-First: Yasuharu
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimamura
Author-Name: Satoshi Shimizutani
Author-X-Name-First: Satoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizutani
Author-Name: Eiji Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Eiji
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Title: The Gendered Impact of Rural Road Improvement on Schooling Decisions and Youth Employment in Morocco
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of a rural road improvement project on schooling decisions and youth employment in Morocco. Paved rural roads are expected to reduce travel time and costs, allowing additional school choices and increasing the motivation for youth to enter higher education. On the other hand, immediate earning opportunities created by new connections may encourage youth to seek paid employment. Thus, the impact of rural road improvement on schooling and youth employment warrants empirical investigation. We employ a difference-in-differences estimation using a household-level dataset collected under a quasi-experimental setting. First, we do not observe any positive effect on primary school completion for either sex, but we find a positive and significant effect on secondary school attainment or above for females. Moreover, the higher educational attainment of females is associated with a lower proportion of early marriage. Second, we do not observe any significant effects on self-employment for either sex, but we find a positive and significant effect on wage employment for males, which is pronounced among the better educated. Our findings reveal sharp gendered differences in the impact of the rural road improvement project, with increased motivation towards better education for females and paid work for males.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 413-429
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139608
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139608
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139603_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bingdao Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Bingdao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Yanfeng Gu
Author-X-Name-First: Yanfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Gu
Title: Taxation and Migration of Peasants: Evidence from the Tax-for-Fee Reform in Rural China
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the effect of rural taxation on Chinese peasants’ mobility towards urban areas. We find that the tax alleviation due to the tax-for-fee reform significantly reduces rural-to-urban migration, with a 10% decline in tax leading to a 10% reduction in migration. We provide compelling evidence that the result is not driven by unintended policy effects of the tax-for-fee reform in fostering rural non-agricultural job opportunities. The effect of taxation is more pronounced and precisely estimated on migration across provinces or at older ages. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to identify the tax-induced migration among low-skilled and low-income laborers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 307-323
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139603
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# input file: FJDS_A_2130056_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Raymundo M. Campos-Vazquez
Author-X-Name-First: Raymundo M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Campos-Vazquez
Author-Name: Gerardo Esquivel
Author-X-Name-First: Gerardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Esquivel
Title: The Effect of the Minimum Wage on Poverty: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment in Mexico
Abstract: 
 We analyze the effect on poverty of a significant increase in the minimum wage using a quasi-experimental situation in Mexico. In January 2019, the Mexican government announced an increase in the minimum wage: in most of the country it increased by 16 per cent, while in 43 municipalities along the U.S. border it increased by 100 per cent. Using household surveys and the official method for calculating labor income poverty, we implement difference-in-difference and synthetic control methodologies to estimate whether this policy affected poverty in Mexico. We find that poverty along the border decreased by 2.6–3.0 percentage points (11–13 per cent) due to the larger increase in the minimum wage. Poverty was reduced mainly by reducing the flow from non-poverty into poverty. However, poverty intensity increased, mainly because the policy did not affect the share of families without labor income among the poorest households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 360-380
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2130056
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2130056
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139606_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Dahye Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Dahye
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: Women’s Higher Education, Assortative Mating, and Empowerment: Long-Term Evidence from College Enrollment Expansion in South Korea
Abstract: 
 This study examines the impact of higher education on women’s bargaining power in the household in South Korea. Utilising the nationwide college expansion programs in South Korea in 1979 and 1981 as a natural experiment, this study uses 6181 married women born between 1943 and 1976 and adopts the birth cohort as an instrumental variable to identify women that benefitted from the programs. The results show that more years of schooling increased women’s property ownership and decision-making power at home, which is further explained by three channels. The first channel, related to women’s economic resources, indicates that education increased women’s likelihood of being employed, having a white-collar job, absolute income, and age at marriage. However, it did not increase women’s relative income compared to their husbands’. Second, consistent with the assortative mating theory, higher education encouraged women to marry a partner who has a prestigious job and is closer to their education level and age. Third, the channel of gender role attitudes revealed that more years of schooling led women to realize the need for financial independence from their spouses. These findings show how access to higher education for women improved gender equality in South Korean society.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 430-447
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139606
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139385_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Max Gallien
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallien
Title: Black Markets and Militants: Informal Networks in the Middle East and Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 615-616
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139385
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# input file: FJDS_A_2154151_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kalyani Raghunathan
Author-X-Name-First: Kalyani
Author-X-Name-Last: Raghunathan
Author-Name: Neha Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Neha
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Author-Name: Shivani Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Shivani
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Giang Thai
Author-X-Name-First: Giang
Author-X-Name-Last: Thai
Author-Name: Samuel Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Author-Name: Avijit Choudhury
Author-X-Name-First: Avijit
Author-X-Name-Last: Choudhury
Author-Name: Madhu Khetan
Author-X-Name-First: Madhu
Author-X-Name-Last: Khetan
Author-Name: Purnima Menon
Author-X-Name-First: Purnima
Author-X-Name-Last: Menon
Author-Name: Agnes Quisumbing
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Quisumbing
Title: Scale and Sustainability: The Impact of a Women’s Self-Help Group Program on Household Economic Well-Being in India
Abstract: 
 Microfinance groups are a prominent source of small-scale rural credit in many developing countries. In India, evidence of the impact of the now ubiquitous women-only savings and credit self-help groups (SHGs) on household consumption and asset accumulation is inconclusive and based on small-scale interventions. Further, little is known about the sustainability of impacts at scale. We use panel data on close to 2500 households from five states in India to estimate the impact of SHG membership on household expenditure and asset ownership. Over four years, we find small but significant impacts of SHG membership on household expenditure and livestock ownership. Membership duration has a modest effect, suggesting that initial impacts may taper off as the program scales up, though small sample sizes limit our ability to draw inferences. Accompanying evidence on pathways is compelling; related work shows that SHG participation improves information, empowerment, and access to entitlements. While the direct impacts of SHG membership may not suffice to fill gaps in access to credit faced by the rural poor, impacts along these additional pathways could intensify the benefits of these groups.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 490-515
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2154151
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2154151
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# input file: FJDS_A_2147829_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Deepta Chopra
Author-X-Name-First: Deepta
Author-X-Name-Last: Chopra
Author-Name: Kaliat Ammu Sanyal
Author-X-Name-First: Kaliat Ammu
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanyal
Title: Becoming ‘Mother-Activists’: Deconstructing the Boundaries of the ‘Ghar’ and ‘Bahir’ in Shaheen Bagh, India
Abstract: 
 This article examines the motivations of first-time women protestors participating in the Shaheen Bagh resistance against India’s Citizenship Amendment Act. It highlights women’s experiences of protesting for their and their children’s citizenship rights, and the impact that women’s presence in this struggle has made to it. We argue the role these first-time women protestors played in protests made them express and grow their political subjectivities as activists. The article reflects on how they brought their caring roles, hitherto carried out in the personal space of their ‘ghar’ (home), into the public space of protests, or the ‘bahir’ (outside the home) — thereby impacting the very form of the struggle. The case of Shaheen Bagh shows how public space of protest can, and must, co-exist within and in conjunction with the private realm of women’s everyday lives for their sustained participation in struggles. Thereby, the article proposes that women protestors personified and lived out a composite identity as ‘mother-activists’ and erasing and deconstructing the binaries between the ‘ghar’, and the ‘bahir’.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 457-471
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2147829
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2147829
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# input file: FJDS_A_2132151_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gaurav Datt
Author-X-Name-First: Gaurav
Author-X-Name-Last: Datt
Author-Name: Pushkar Maitra
Author-X-Name-First: Pushkar
Author-X-Name-Last: Maitra
Author-Name: Nidhiya Menon
Author-X-Name-First: Nidhiya
Author-X-Name-Last: Menon
Author-Name: Ranjan Ray
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ray
Title: Coal Plants, Air Pollution and Anaemia: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 We examine the impact of pollution from coal–fired power units on the anaemic status of children and women in India. The number of coal units in the district at the time of birth significantly increases the incidence of anaemia in young children as does in utero exposure. The number of coal units in the district also adversely affects the anaemic status of women, although the magnitude of impact is smaller than that for young children. The impacts are driven by the increase in PM2.5 pollution generated by coal-fired units. Our evidence points to anaemia as a significant health cost of coal-fired power generation in rapidly growing economies that use coal as a major source of fuel to meet increasing energy demands.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 533-551
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2132151
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2132151
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# input file: FJDS_A_2117450_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin
Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng-Odoom
Title: Nine-Tenths of the Law: Enduring Dispossession in Indonesia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 611-613
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2117450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2117450
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# input file: FJDS_A_2147296_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Cristóbal Kay
Author-X-Name-First: Cristóbal
Author-X-Name-Last: Kay
Title: The World that Latin America Created: The United Nation Economic Commission for Latin America in the Development Era
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 616-617
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2147296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2147296
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# input file: FJDS_A_2139607_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Utteeyo Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Utteeyo
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Author-Name: Subha Mani
Author-X-Name-First: Subha
Author-X-Name-Last: Mani
Author-Name: Smriti Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Smriti
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Author-Name: Saurabh Singhal
Author-X-Name-First: Saurabh
Author-X-Name-Last: Singhal
Title: Social Identity, Behavior, and Personality: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 Hierarchies in social identities are integrally related to divergences in economic status. In India, caste is a significant social identity where discriminatory practices have resulted in poor outcomes for the lower castes. While there is considerable research on differences in economic outcomes along caste lines, there is limited work on behavioral preferences and personality traits that can also be adversely affected by such identity hierarchies, and that are important determinants of educational attainment and labor market performance. Combining rich data from incentivized tasks and surveys conducted among a large sample of university students, we find that the historically marginalized Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SCSTs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) report lower scores than upper castes along several dimensions of economic behavior, such as competitiveness and confidence and personality traits, such as grit, locus of control, and conscientiousness. Further, socioeconomic status has a limited compensatory role in mitigating these gaps.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 472-489
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2139607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2139607
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# input file: FJDS_A_2154152_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel
Author-X-Name-First: Mevlude
Author-X-Name-Last: Akbulut-Yuksel
Author-Name: Daniel Rosenblum
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenblum
Title: Estimating the Effects of Expanding Ultrasound Use on Sex Selection in India
Abstract: 
 The liberalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s led to an unprecedented increase in the availability of prenatal ultrasound technology. In this paper, we analyze the differential spread of ultrasound in India at the state level over a ten-year period (1999 to 2008) and the consequences for the prevalence of sex-selective abortion. Omitting the Southern Indian states, which had the fastest increase in ultrasound use and little sex selection, we find that higher levels of ultrasound use within a state are positively associated with the probability that a child is born male. This increased likelihood of having a male child is only found for children with no older brothers, i.e. births most likely to be affected by sex selection. The positive relationship between state-level ultrasound use and having a male child can be found across various subsamples: urban and rural, older and younger mothers, mothers with high and low education. The estimates are robust to including linear cohort-year time trends and prenatal health care controls.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 516-532
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2154152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2154152
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# input file: FJDS_A_2132709_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Qian Forrest Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Qian Forrest
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Invisible China: How the Urban–Rural Divide Threatens China’s Rise
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 613-614
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2132709
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2132709
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# input file: FJDS_A_2147828_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kathrin Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Kathrin
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Title: Care Functions within the Kinship Network: Explaining Care Arrangements and Female Health Choices in Post-Disaster Nepal
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the relationship between kinship-based care and the phenomenon of women turning down the offer of free treatment in a hospital. As care is perceived and enacted very differently all over the world, the article aims to outline an approach to researching care and care-related health decisions that represents actors’ perspectives. It does so by comparing care-responsibilities, marriage and residence patterns in two ethnic communities. Data was gathered during six months of qualitative research in several health camps after the 2015 earthquakes in Nepal. The results show that what I call the ‘chain of care-responsibility’ (the persons taken into consideration as primary or alternative caregivers) diverges widely between ethnic Tamangs and Chhetris of the research area. The challenge of finding persons to fulfil care functions and to replace working power may lead to substantial changes in household formation including travelling kin, polygamy, or divorce. Under otherwise similar conditions, such considerations of care and replacement place Chhetri women at structural disadvantage in accepting free medical treatment as compared to Tamang living in ‘traditional’ clustered settlements. These findings suggest that referral programmes would profit from partnering with local communities to develop practical solutions to questions of care and replacement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 552-569
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2147828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2147828
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# input file: FJDS_A_2147830_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marcelo Arbex
Author-X-Name-First: Marcelo
Author-X-Name-Last: Arbex
Author-Name: Jéssica Faciroli
Author-X-Name-First: Jéssica
Author-X-Name-Last: Faciroli
Author-Name:  Ricardo Silva Freguglia
Author-X-Name-First:  Ricardo Silva
Author-X-Name-Last: Freguglia
Author-Name: Marcel de Toledo Vieira
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel de Toledo
Author-X-Name-Last: Vieira
Title: Brazil’s Bolsa Família: Neighborhood and Racial Group Networks
Abstract: 
 Are families that live in the same neighborhood and share similar characteristics more likely to participate in welfare programs? Using a unique administrative data set, we study beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família – a Brazilian cash transfer program – from 2013 to 2015. We analyze data containing information on the living conditions of the most vulnerable families, such as income, household characteristics, schooling, and disability. An eight-digit zip code defines a neighborhood. Families form a network if they live in the same neighborhood and belong to the same racial group. We provide evidence that place of residence and racial group networks are important determinants of the family participation in the program. Individuals in a neighborhood-racial group network are more likely to to participate in the Bolsa Família than not to participate. In areas where program coverage is low, families of the same racial composition and zip code are more likely to be beneficiaries. For a given neighborhood-racial group network, the presence of one additional beneficiary implies that the probability that a non-beneficiary family will become a beneficiary is, on average, 6.5% higher than otherwise. We conduct several robustness checks, e.g., controlling for network density and coverage.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 593-610
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2147830
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2147830
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# input file: FJDS_A_2147831_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Julian Joseph
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Joseph
Author-Name: Michiel van Dijk
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel
Author-X-Name-Last: van Dijk
Author-Name: Tamás Krisztin
Author-X-Name-First: Tamás
Author-X-Name-Last: Krisztin
Title: Do Large Estates Benefit Smallholder Neighbours? Evidence from Malawi
Abstract: 
 We examine spillovers from agricultural estates to Malawian smallholders within an econometric counterfactual framework. We consider economic spillovers such as income, as well as agrarian spillovers such as yields, harvests, and crop diversity. We identify long-run effects of large agricultural investments on small-scale farmers. For the location of large estates, we use a novel OpenStreetMap dataset, while data on smallholder’s stems from a household survey. We provide evidence for the importance of the distance threshold for spillovers, and explore multiple thresholds. In proximity to estates we find higher groundnut and pigeon pea yields and increased crop diversity. In very close proximity, incomes are also higher. Area under cultivation in total and for maize are smaller for nearby households, while maize yields are not significantly different. Overall, our results suggest that policies should aim to leverage the increased crop diversity and groundnut yields while mitigating potential detrimental effects arising from reduced cultivated land.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 570-592
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2147831
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2147831
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# input file: FJDS_A_2172333_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: David K. Evans
Author-X-Name-First: David K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans
Author-Name: Susannah Hares
Author-X-Name-First: Susannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Hares
Author-Name: Peter A. Holland
Author-X-Name-First: Peter A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Holland
Author-Name: Amina Mendez Acosta
Author-X-Name-First: Amina
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendez Acosta
Title: Adolescent Girls’ Safety In and Out of School: Evidence on Physical and Sexual Violence from Across Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 This study characterises rates of physical and sexual violence against adolescent girls and compares rates of violence against girls who are enrolled versus unenrolled in school, to contribute to an understanding of the relative risks associated with school attendance. We look at rates of violence across countries that together represent 80 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa’s girls aged 15–19. The analysis shows high rates of violence overall: 28.8 per cent of girls report having experienced physical or sexual violence. However, in none of the 20 countries do adolescent girls enrolled in school report a statistically significantly higher likelihood of having been sexually assaulted than girls not enrolled in schools. Another source of data sees significantly higher rates in just one country. This pattern of results is robust to the inclusion of a range of control variables, and to analysis using different sub-groups. The evidence on physical violence is more mixed. Girls face significant rates of physical and sexual violence whether they are enrolled in school or not. These findings underline the importance of confronting violence against girls both in school and in the community, with tailored programs appropriate to each setting.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 739-757
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2172333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2172333
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# input file: FJDS_A_2185952_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-I
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2185952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2185952
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# input file: FJDS_A_2172332_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kanishka Balasuriya
Author-X-Name-First: Kanishka
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasuriya
Title: Engaging Traditional Leaders in Local Governance: Devising a Generalisable Framework for Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 In Sub-Saharan Africa, traditional leaders play a significant role in local communities and their cooperation is viewed as mandatory for successful development interventions. However, systematic guidance in engaging them has been scarce due to significant heterogeneity between communities and difficulties in borrowing lessons from other contexts. Outcomes are shaped by many variables relating to the state’s engagement strategy and the community’s inherent characteristics. These variables interact in an ad hoc manner to produce outcomes. This paper demonstrates how the selectorate theory—a political economy framework originally devised to analyse national-level politics—could be adapted to local communities to interpret local power relations. Avoiding a range of indistinct variables, the selectorate theory reduces local political dynamics into two common variables, e.g. ‘selectorate’ and ‘winning coalition’, providing both a logical basis for positive engagement and a structured framework for comparative analysis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 637-652
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2172332
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2172332
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# input file: FJDS_A_2172331_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Godfreyb Ssekajja
Author-X-Name-First: Godfreyb
Author-X-Name-Last: Ssekajja
Title: Can Immigration Explain Why Ethnic Diversity is Negatively Associated with Common Property Management?
Abstract: 
 A persistent question for social scientists is the extent to which societal levels of ethnic diversity, and rates of immigration, make collective action difficult to achieve (or maintain). Here I examine whether immigration can explain why ethnic diversity is negatively associated with collective action. The focus is on two aspects of collective action for common property management (that is, voluntary contributions to toilet construction and voluntary compliance with forestry regulations) among Ugandan communities whose levels of ethnic diversity and rates of immigration vary. Preliminary evidence suggests that communities with lower rates of immigration are more supportive of common property management, irrespective of their levels of ethnic diversity. By implication, socio-political impediments to collective action may have less to do with the stock of demographic diversity than the flow rate of demographic change.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 653-672
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2172331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2172331
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# input file: FJDS_A_2162670_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jini Kim Watson
Author-X-Name-First: Jini Kim
Author-X-Name-Last: Watson
Title: Inter-Imperiality: Vying Empires, Gendered Labor, and the Literary Arts of Alliance
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 781-783
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2162670
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2162670
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# input file: FJDS_A_2162882_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nic Cheeseman
Author-X-Name-First: Nic
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheeseman
Author-Name: Susan Dodsworth
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Dodsworth
Title: Defending Civic Space: When are Campaigns against Repressive Laws Successful?
Abstract: 
 Many civil society organizations (CSOs) are fighting for survival as governments introduce legislation to curtail their activities. This article examines how domestic civil society campaigns can persuade parliamentarians to reject ‘anti-CSO’ legislation. We employ pairwise comparisons in two regions – East Africa and Central Asia – as well as process-tracing within four cases: two successful campaigns waged by CSO coalitions against repressive legislation in Kenya and Kyrgyzstan, and two unsuccessful campaigns in Uganda and Kazakhstan. We find that traditional structural explanations – most notably the degree of international linkage and leverage and the quality of democracy – play an important role in creating greater opportunities for domestic actors, but are not determinative. CSOs also need to take advantage of the more conducive environment to defend democracy. Doing so is more likely when campaigns: are pre-emptive and sustained, frame the issue in a manner that resonates with the electoral incentives facing parliamentarians, coordinate with influential international actors, and engage pragmatically with both the informal political rules that shape legislators’ behaviour and the formal procedural ‘mechanics’ of legislatures. The article therefore demonstrates the significance of both political structure and agency, and of international actors using their influence to create space for domestic groups, ‘leading from behind’.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 619-636
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2162882
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2162882
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# input file: FJDS_A_2172330_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Valeria Lentini
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Lentini
Author-Name: Gregorio Gimenez
Author-X-Name-First: Gregorio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gimenez
Author-Name: Javier Valbuena
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Valbuena
Title: Educational Inequality and the Poverty Trap in Teacher Recruitment
Abstract: 
 The regional concentration of poverty and the resulting disparities in living conditions create conditions where educational inequalities are intensified. These adverse conditions could lead teachers to refuse to work in disadvantaged locations that are characterised by high incidences of poverty and low-performing students. In this paper, we estimate how poverty in the districts where the schools are situated influences the probability that teachers accept a job offer in Costa Rica. Working with data on contract offers acceptance or rejection is a methodological novelty that makes it possible to dissociate students’ poverty from the poverty of the schools’ location. The estimation of a three‐level hierarchical model allows us to deal with aggregation bias and unobserved heterogeneity. The results show evidence that district poverty is a key determinant of teachers’ rejection of offers. Although the study uses data from Costa Rica, the results indicate more generally, how educational inequity can perpetuate poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 716-738
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2172330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2172330
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# input file: FJDS_A_2151143_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jürgen Rüland
Author-X-Name-First: Jürgen
Author-X-Name-Last: Rüland
Title: Poverty Narratives and Power Paradoxes in International Trade Negotiations and Beyond
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 778-779
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2151143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2151143
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# input file: FJDS_A_2154150_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kangni Kpodar
Author-X-Name-First: Kangni
Author-X-Name-Last: Kpodar
Author-Name: Montfort Mlachila
Author-X-Name-First: Montfort
Author-X-Name-Last: Mlachila
Author-Name: Saad Quayyum
Author-X-Name-First: Saad
Author-X-Name-Last: Quayyum
Author-Name: Vigninou Gammadigbe
Author-X-Name-First: Vigninou
Author-X-Name-Last: Gammadigbe
Title: Defying the Odds: Remittances during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract: 
 This paper provides an early assessment of the dynamics and drivers of remittances during the COVID-19 pandemic, using a newly compiled monthly remittance dataset for a sample of 52 countries, of which 16 countries have bilateral remittance data. The paper documents a strong resilience in remittance flows, notwithstanding an unprecedent global recession triggered by the pandemic. Using the local projection approach to estimate the impulse response functions of remittance flows during January 2020–December 2020, the paper provides evidence that: (i) remittances responded positively to COVID-19 infection rates in migrant home countries, underscoring its role as an important automatic stabilizer; (ii) stricter containment measures have the unintended consequence of dampening remittances; and (iii) a shift from informal to formal remittance channels due to travel restrictions appears to have also played a role in the surge in formal remittances. Lastly, the size of the fiscal stimulus in the host country is positively associated with remittance flows to migrants’ home country as the fiscal response cushioned the economic impact of the pandemic.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 673-690
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2154150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2154150
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# input file: FJDS_A_2168584_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lauren M. Baker
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Title: Waste Siege: The Life of Infrastructure in Palestine
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 783-785
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2168584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2168584
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# input file: FJDS_A_2154149_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Segundo Camino-Mogro
Author-X-Name-First: Segundo
Author-X-Name-Last: Camino-Mogro
Author-Name: Grace Armijos Bravo
Author-X-Name-First: Grace
Author-X-Name-Last: Armijos Bravo
Title: Red Tape Reduction, More New Firms? Saving Time and Money: Evidence from an Ecuadorian Reform
Abstract: 
 Reducing entry costs like bureaucratic procedures might be useful tool for stimulating new firm creation in a country. We exploit an unexpected reform that targets the physical (face-to-face) service channel, offering a decline in these types of costs in the firm creation process in Ecuador. To do this, we rely on a novel and underexplored administrative dataset and apply a difference-in-differences approach which compares physical (in-person) with electronic firm creation schemes before and after the implementation of the policy. We find that the reform increases the number of new firms by approximately 12.05% and the entry rate by approximately 108% in the short term. We also find that the impact varies across provinces and economic sectors. In addition, we find a decrease in the average number of days needed to create a new firm and an increase in the probability of creating a new firm with less initial minimum capital. The main conclusion is that the reform effectively contributes to increasing new firm creation in Ecuador. This matters from a policy perspective in a country with a high share of unregistered business.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 691-715
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2154149
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2154149
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# input file: FJDS_A_2151148_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jen Dickinson
Author-X-Name-First: Jen
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickinson
Title: Development, (Dual) Citizenship and Its Discontents in Africa: The Political Economy of Belonging to Liberia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 780-781
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2151148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2151148
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# input file: FJDS_A_2162883_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bina Agarwal
Author-X-Name-First: Bina
Author-X-Name-Last: Agarwal
Author-Name: Malvika Mahesh
Author-X-Name-First: Malvika
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahesh
Title: Does the Landowner’s Gender Affect Self-Cultivation and Farm Productivity? An Analysis for India
Abstract: 
 Land ownership has long been argued to enhance farm productivity by improving tenure security. But would this hold for female and male owners alike? The relationship between land ownership and productivity has been investigated relatively little from a gender perspective in most regions, with work on Asia being especially sparse. Even less explored are gender differences in the likelihood of landowners self-cultivating as vs. leasing out their land. This paper uses a unique household-level dataset for nine states of India to first assess gender differences in the likelihood of landowners self-cultivating or renting out their land. It then analyses differences in farm productivity between female and male owners who self-cultivate. The effect of caste disadvantage is also explored. We find that women owners are significantly less likely than male owners to self-cultivate their land. This is linked especially to family labour constraints and regional opportunities. However, among those who do self-cultivate, the annual farm productivity per hectare does not differ significantly by the gender of the owner-cultivator. This holds true with or without controlling for other factors. Caste matters, however: Scheduled Caste owner-cultivators of both genders have significantly lower productivity than upper-caste ones.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 758-777
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2022.2162883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2022.2162883
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# input file: FJDS_A_2198817_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-II
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2198817
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2198817
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# input file: FJDS_A_2182681_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mulubrhan Amare
Author-X-Name-First: Mulubrhan
Author-X-Name-Last: Amare
Author-Name: Kibrom A. Abay
Author-X-Name-First: Kibrom A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abay
Author-Name: Jordan Chamberlin
Author-X-Name-First: Jordan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamberlin
Title: The Role of Spatial Inequalities on Youth Migration Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
Abstract: 
 We combine nationally representative data from Nigeria with spatiotemporal data from remote sensing and other sources to study how young migrants respond to observable characteristics of potential destinations, both in absolute terms and relative to origin locations. Migrants prefer destinations with better welfare, land availability and intensity of economic activity. We also find that migrants prefer shorter distances and those destinations with better urban amenities and infrastructure. However, responses vary by type of migrant and migration. For example, rural-rural migrants are more responsive to land availability and agricultural potential, while rural-urban and urban-urban migrants are more responsive to welfare and economic vibrancy (measured by nightlight intensity) in destinations. Distance induces varying impact on migration choices of poor and non-poor migrants as well as across more educated and less educated migrants. Longer distances discourage migration for female migrants, poorer migrants, and less educated migrant while the implication for the non-poor and more educated migrants appears to be negligible. This is intuitive because poorer and less educated migrants have liquidity constraints to finance high migration costs. Our results suggest potential scope for predicting how labour mobility responds to alternative regional development policies.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 911-932
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2182681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2182681
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# input file: FJDS_A_2170026_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Priya Chacko
Author-X-Name-First: Priya
Author-X-Name-Last: Chacko
Title: Modi’s India: Hindu Nationalism and the Rise of Ethnic Democracy
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 954-955
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2170026
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2170026
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# input file: FJDS_A_2178304_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Giulia Mascagni
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mascagni
Author-Name: Fabrizio Santoro
Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio
Author-X-Name-Last: Santoro
Title: The Tax Side of the Pandemic: Shifts in Compliance Attitudes and Perceptions in Rwanda
Abstract: 
 While much knowledge is being generated on the impact of the pandemic, we still know very little on its implications on taxation in lower-income countries. Yet, tax is crucial to fund crisis response and recovery, in addition to broader development plans and expanded government expenditure. This paper starts addressing this gap using an unique dataset of survey data from Rwanda. We document two significant shifts in taxpayers’ views during the pandemic: perceptions about the fairness of the tax system improve by 40 per cent, and their attitudes to compliance become more conditional on the provision of public services of sufficiently good quality. We put these results in the broader context of crisis response. We show that they are not simply linked to individual experiences of the crisis or access to relief, but they are more likely linked to generalised improvements in solidarity and patriotism.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 811-832
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2178304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2178304
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# input file: FJDS_A_2188111_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Martin Wiegand
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegand
Author-Name: Eric Koomen
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Koomen
Author-Name: Menno Pradhan
Author-X-Name-First: Menno
Author-X-Name-Last: Pradhan
Author-Name: Christopher Edmonds
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Edmonds
Title: The Impact of Road Development on Household Welfare in Rural Papua New Guinea
Abstract: 
 In this paper we evaluate the impact of road development on household welfare in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) between 1996 and 2010, using two geocoded cross-sectional national household surveys and corresponding road maps. We make use of time-variation in road surface type and condition as recorded in PNG’s National Road Asset Management System, focusing on routes that connect rural households to urban areas. To tackle endogenous placement of road infrastructure programs, we employ a correlated random effects model that controls for the location-specific average road quality over the period of analysis. We also use a newly developed generalised quantile regression method to investigate whether road works favour the poor. Our estimates show that better roads to nearest towns lead to higher consumption levels and housing quality, and to less reliance on subsistence farming. The effects are stronger among poor and remote households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 933-953
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2188111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2188111
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# input file: FJDS_A_2175447_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Adam Sneyd
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Sneyd
Title: Selling Sustainability Short? The Private Governance of Labor and the Environment in the Coffee Sector
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 957-959
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2175447
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2175447
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:59:y:2023:i:6:p:957-959



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# input file: FJDS_A_2178303_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: G. Ton
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ton
Author-Name: M. Espinoza
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Espinoza
Author-Name: R. Fort
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fort
Title: COVID Policy and Urban Food Markets in Peru: Governance and Compliance
Abstract: 
 Urban food markets are essential channels of food distribution and spaces of social interaction where COVID-19 could be easily transmitted. The Peruvian government used budget incentives to motivate local governments to implement social distancing and food safety measures in these markets. Two surveys, in May and November 2020, show that municipality-owned markets had better compliance than privately or vendor-owned markets, especially with vendor protection measures and common space adaptations. Qualitative interviews helped to identify plausible causal mechanisms that explain this finding. Local governments perceived legal restrictions to investing public funds in privately owned markets, while vendor-owned markets faced agency dilemmas and opportunistic behaviour in decision-making about the required collective investments. We argue that a small-grants or loan facility specifically targeted at vendor-owned markets could have reduced these governance challenges and improved compliance. Peru’s budget incentive policy to support food market governance could inspire other countries to design appropriate policy instruments for food safety and public health.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 854-872
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2178303
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2178303
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# input file: FJDS_A_2188109_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Phyllis Mumia Machio
Author-X-Name-First: Phyllis Mumia
Author-X-Name-Last: Machio
Author-Name: Eva-Marie Meemken
Author-X-Name-First: Eva-Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Meemken
Title: Women’s Participation in Contract Farming
Abstract: 
 Smallholder farmers in lower-income countries often lack access to agricultural inputs, services, and markets. This holds especially for female farmers, with important negative implications for agricultural productivity, child welfare, and rural development. Contract farming is promoted as a means to improving farmers’ access to inputs, services, and markets – and thereby household income and welfare. Could contract farming also reduce prevalent gender disparities? And does it matter who within the household holds the contract? Here, we address these questions and explore patterns, drivers, and implications of women’s participation in contract farming. For this purpose, we use a unique dataset that is nationally representative of smallholder farmers in five African countries, which is the exception in this literature. Moreover, the data allow us to differentiate between different forms of women’s participation in contract farming, which is also an exception in this literature. We differentiate between female-headed and male-headed households and the gender of the contract holder. We find that participation rates among women are lower than those among men – but higher than previous case studies suggest. Our results regarding the importance of the gender of the contract holder for household living standards are inconclusive, for both male-headed and female-headed households, and there is great heterogeneity across countries. We conclude that the topic merits further exploration and discuss directions for future research and implications for policy.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 894-910
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2188109
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2188109
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# input file: FJDS_A_2182684_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jonathan Steinke
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinke
Author-Name: Lemlem Teklegiorgis Habtemariam
Author-X-Name-First: Lemlem Teklegiorgis
Author-X-Name-Last: Habtemariam
Author-Name: Christoph Kubitza
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Kubitza
Author-Name: Markolf Maczek
Author-X-Name-First: Markolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Maczek
Author-Name: Boran Altincicek
Author-X-Name-First: Boran
Author-X-Name-Last: Altincicek
Author-Name: Stefan Sieber
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sieber
Title: Stronger Food and Nutrition Security Impacts from More Intense Project Participation: Evidence from a Multi-Country Intervention Program
Abstract: 
 Rigorous experiments show that nutrition-sensitive intervention programs can contribute to improved food and nutrition security (FNS) of rural households in low-and middle-income countries. Targeted individuals may, however, choose to engage with the intervention package at different intensities. It is yet unclear to what extent individual participation in more interventions influences FNS outcomes. Positive links would justify efforts by development stakeholders to diversify intervention packages and enable, encourage, or incentivize beneficiaries to participate in many different interventions. Using cross-sectional data from 2733 households across seven countries, we first estimate effects of a multi-sectoral intervention program using probit regressions, propensity score matching, and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment. Over the course of the three-year program, beneficiaries joined 8.3 interventions, on average. We find that targeted households were 6–9 percent more likely to be food secure, and targeted women and children were 15–17 percent more likely to consume a nutrient-adequate diet. Our estimates show that, across three indicators of FNS, each additional intervention increased the probability of achieving positive outcomes by about 1 percent. We conclude that investments in diversified intervention programs can be justified by stronger FNS benefits. Development stakeholders could enable strong individual participation by reducing transaction and opportunity costs of participation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 873-893
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2182684
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2182684
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# input file: FJDS_A_2175444_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Wanheng Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Wanheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Title: Beyond Technonationalism: Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Asia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 955-957
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2175444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2175444
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# input file: FJDS_A_2182685_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bryan Cheang
Author-X-Name-First: Bryan
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheang
Title: Anglo-Chinese Capitalism in Hong Kong and Singapore: Origins, Reproduction & Divergence
Abstract: 
 This article explores the historical origins of the open economic model that has prevailed in modern Hong Kong and Singapore through two major ‘critical junctures’ which shaped their respective institutional trajectories. In both countries, it was the British in the early nineteenth century that first laid the institutional foundations for an open economic model. The unique Anglo-Chinese alliance that emerged explains the widespread social acceptance of economic openness in both colonies, even in the post-war order when decolonisation typically meant a rejection of colonial economics. The aftermath of World War 2 then saw Singapore layering new developmental state institutions without totally abandoning its reliance on free trade. This was a point of divergence when the new Singapore developmental state disrupted the Anglo-Chinese institutional alliance that had previously underpinned capitalist development in both countries. My account thus elucidates the historical embeddedness and peculiarities of both countries’ political economy and why they are not so easily replicable as liberals recommend. I also provide evidence on the considerable economic progress that colonial capitalism had fostered, which places the achievements of Singapore’s state-led industrialisation in greater perspective.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 787-810
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2182685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2182685
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# input file: FJDS_A_2192573_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Grace Armijos-Bravo
Author-X-Name-First: Grace
Author-X-Name-Last: Armijos-Bravo
Author-Name: Segundo Camino-Mogro
Author-X-Name-First: Segundo
Author-X-Name-Last: Camino-Mogro
Title: Covid-19 Lockdown in Ecuador: Are there Gender Differences in Unemployment?
Abstract: 
 To fight Covid-19, governments have imposed restrictions on personal mobility and social interactions which may have negative consequences in the labor market. These consequences may be different across demographic groups particularly for female workers. We examine whether the policy that restricted operations in some economic sectors affected formal employment for Ecuadorian female workers differently. We use a difference-in-differences-in-differences model to compare female employees working in restricted economic sectors with other workers, before and after the lockdown policy. The results show that the number of unemployment spells rose by approximately 15 per cent for women working in the restricted economic activities. We also document a decrease in the probability of being employed, which is particularly strong for the youngest women (15–24 years-old), oldest women (45–65 years-old), and less educated female workers. We conclude that the lockdown policy imposed in Ecuador is a plausible explanation for women’s job loss in the formal sector.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 833-853
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2192573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2192573
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:59:y:2023:i:6:p:833-853

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# input file: FJDS_A_2197707_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ryan Murphy
Author-X-Name-First: Ryan
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy
Author-Name: Colin O’reilly
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: O’reilly
Title: The Expansive Corridor: Testing Acemoglu and Robinson (2019)
Abstract: 
 In The Narrow Corridor, Acemoglu and Robinson create a compelling narrative concerning the relationship between the power of states, the power of societies, and economic development, illustrated with a series of historical vignettes. Using a recently constructed historical dataset of state capacity, we provide a series of formal and informal tests of their hypothesis. We first visualise the historical paths of the strength of society and the strength of the state for each country so as to operationalise the claims of Acemoglu and Robinson. We then measure whether the balance of the strength of society and the strength of the state is predictive of improvements in both. We find very little evidence in favour of Acemoglu and Robinson.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1060-1075
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2197707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2197707
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# input file: FJDS_A_2196164_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Christina Maags
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Maags
Title: Coalitions of the Weak: Elite Politics in China from Mao’s Stratagem to the Rise of Xi
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1117-1118
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2196164
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2196164
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# input file: FJDS_A_2191780_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kamalbek Karymshakov
Author-X-Name-First: Kamalbek
Author-X-Name-Last: Karymshakov
Author-Name: Burulcha Sulaimanova
Author-X-Name-First: Burulcha
Author-X-Name-Last: Sulaimanova
Author-Name: M. Bergolo
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergolo
Title: Employment Vulnerability and Earnings in Kyrgyzstan
Abstract: 
 Employment vulnerability is considered as working under inadequate conditions. This research examined the impact of employment vulnerability on earnings with special reference to gender-based differences. Analyses were based on panel data for 2010–2013 and 2016 from the household survey. A panel data fixed-effects model with instrumental variable within the Lewbel (2012) method was applied to estimate an earnings equation. Results indicates negative impact of employment vulnerability on earnings. Women experienced this negative effect more severely. Given these empirical findings, government labour-market policy should not focus on increasing employment alone, but should also address the issue of vulnerability of employment, improvement of working conditions, and expanding employment opportunities for women.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1076-1091
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2191780
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2191780
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# input file: FJDS_A_2195525_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mukulika Banerjee
Author-X-Name-First: Mukulika
Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee
Title: Self-Help, Natality and ‘Civic Growth’
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the role that SHGs (self-help groups) have played in the creation of ‘civic growth’ and changing electoral politics in India. Based on ethnographic engagement in a village in West Bengal before and after the formation of these groups, the impact of the transformative effect of these groups on women is placed in a wider political context. The activity of the SHG enabled horizontal solidarities to emerge despite the vertical divisions in village society and successfully challenge the status quo. It builds on a growing literature on women’s empowerment and capacity for collective action through SHGs to show that the notion of ‘empowerment’ can be extended to include the capability for active citizenship and skills in how to do politics, what Arendt calls ‘natality’.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1046-1059
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2195525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2195525
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# input file: FJDS_A_2191454_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Katherine Bruce-Lockhart
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruce-Lockhart
Author-Name: Abigail Opoku
Author-X-Name-First: Abigail
Author-X-Name-Last: Opoku
Title: Africanizing Oncology: Creativity, Crisis, and Cancer in Uganda
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1115-1117
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2191454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2191454
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# input file: FJDS_A_2181725_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anil Hira
Author-X-Name-First: Anil
Author-X-Name-Last: Hira
Title: Fueling Resistance: The Contentious Political Economy of Biofuels and Fracking
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1114-1115
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2181725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2181725
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# input file: FJDS_A_2197544_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Carlos Bethencourt
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Bethencourt
Author-Name: Gustavo A. Marrero
Author-X-Name-First: Gustavo A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marrero
Author-Name: Charlie Y. Ngoudji
Author-X-Name-First: Charlie Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngoudji
Title: The Fight Against Malaria: A New Index for Quantifying and Assessing Policy Implementation Actions to Reduce Malaria Burden in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 We aggregate information from the World Malaria Reports on 61 different antimalarial policies to develop an extensive synthetic index (MaPI) for 44 SSA countries between 1990 and 2017. We observe an increase of convergence in polices’ implementation in the region, starting in more developed countries and reaching less developed countries from the mid-2000s. Using a difference-in-difference events study design, we find that prevention, diagnosis and treatment are key policies to reduce malaria mortality and prevalence: an increase of about 10 p.p. of these policies generates a mortality cumulative decrease of around 8 p.p. and a prevalence cumulative decrease of 13 p.p. after five years. We also use available data on policy coverage for a reduced subset of policies to construct an intensive margin version of the index. Main results are consistent to the ones derived from the extensive version. Finally, we prove the robustness of our results with a large battery of checks related to model specifications, econometric techniques, data sources and falsification tests.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1092-1113
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2197544
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# input file: FJDS_A_2191778_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Valentina Alvarez-Saavedra
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez-Saavedra
Author-Name: Pierre Levasseur
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Levasseur
Author-Name: Suneha Seetahul
Author-X-Name-First: Suneha
Author-X-Name-Last: Seetahul
Title: The Role of Gender Inequality in the Obesity Epidemic: A Case Study from India
Abstract: 
 Recent empirical evidence emphasizes the higher prevalence of overweight and obesity for women, especially in developing countries. However, the potential link between gender inequality and obesity has rarely been investigated. Using longitudinal data from India (IHDS 2005–11), we implement Hausman-Taylor and fixed-effect models to estimate the effect of different dimensions of gender inequalities on female overweight. This study demonstrates that the form of gender inequality or women’s mistreatment differently affects female bodyweight. Indeed, we show that some forms of women’s mistreatments (such as perceived community violence and age difference with husband) increase the risk of female overweight, whereas more severe forms of abuse such as child marriage increase the risk of underweight. Moreover, we also find that higher decision-making power and autonomy about outings are risk factors of weight gain and obesity, especially in urban settings, perhaps indicating a higher exposure to urban obesogenic lifestyles. To conclude, our results suggest that, although improving women’s status in society may be a key action to address the epidemic of obesity, policies must also target hazardous habits that emancipation may imply in urban (obesogenic) environments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 980-996
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2191778
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2191778
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# input file: FJDS_A_2182682_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Andrew Buckwell
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckwell
Author-Name: Christopher Fleming
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming
Author-Name: Glenn Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Joseph Zambo Mandea
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Zambo Mandea
Author-Name: Fitalew Taye
Author-X-Name-First: Fitalew
Author-X-Name-Last: Taye
Author-Name: Brendan Mackey
Author-X-Name-First: Brendan
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackey
Title: Assessing Community Readiness for Payments for Ecosystem Service Schemes for Tropical Primary Forest Protection in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract: 
 Primary forest conservation is essential for limiting climate change, for meeting conservation objectives, and the Sustainable Development Goals. Schemes that compensate communities for forgone extractive uses are important policy tools, but effective deployment demands an understanding of local deforestation drivers and host communities’ preferences. We use Q-methodology to reveal discourses present in three communities in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Our results reveal three factors with a common emphasis on forest conservation and preferences for compensation in the form of social investments, rather than cash. The main contrasts were in attitudes towards farming. The first discourse, we call conservationist—open to ideas, displayed a commitment to learning better practices for community material benefit in service of forest conservation. The second discourse, which demonstrated greater confidence in their capacity to support livelihoods from farming, we call aspirational artisans. The third, which was acutely aware of the impact of their farming on forest conservation, we called passive, conflicted farmers. We also demonstrate an aspiration for the continued development of farming amongst participants, which although still correlated with preferences for forest conservation, may lead to compensation schemes inadvertently stirring future land use tensions if design does not reconcile agricultural development and conservation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1023-1045
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2182682
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# input file: FJDS_A_2211310_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees 2022
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1119-1122
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2211310
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# input file: FJDS_A_2188110_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Dustin Barter
Author-X-Name-First: Dustin
Author-X-Name-Last: Barter
Author-Name: Mory Sar
Author-X-Name-First: Mory
Author-X-Name-Last: Sar
Title: Hydropower Hegemony: Examining Civil Society Opposition to Dams in Cambodia
Abstract: 
 As the urgency of addressing the climate crisis gathers pace, the role of hydropower is likely to attract increased interest for its claimed sustainability, despite fragmenting fragile river systems and evidence of significant emissions when constructed in tropical contexts. Building upon existing post-development, political ecology and civil society literature, this paper examines civil society opposition to hydropower projects in Cambodia. The paper introduces the term ‘hydropower hegemony,’ as an analytical tool for examining not just the tactical dimensions of civil society opposition to hydropower, but also the importance of ideological contestation. This analysis is applied to two case studies, Lower Sesan 2 and the Areng Valley in Cambodia, but with relevance for populations in peripheral areas and countries facing the expansion of hydropower projects. The case studies illustrate a spectrum of approaches to contestation, from reform to confrontation, and their intersections with the rapacious Cambodian state. The analysis also challenges reductionist characterizations of civil society in Cambodia. Despite the presence and success of confrontation with the state, we suggest that civil society’s increasingly reformist approaches are ultimately reinforcing hegemony, hydropower and otherwise, rather than challenging it, by inadvertently taming and domesticating burgeoning opposition to dispossession.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 961-979
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2188110
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# input file: FJDS_A_2188113_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Carmen Ponce
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponce
Title: Revisiting the Determinants of Non-farm Labour Income in the Peruvian Andes: The Role of Intra-Seasonal Climate Variability and Widespread Family Networks
Abstract: 
 As previous literature shows, non-farm income represents up to 50 per cent of rural household income in developing countries. Mostly due to a lack of representative information on climate and family networks, two key factors have been excluded in previous studies on income diversification: (i) the role of intra-seasonal climate variability (affected by climate change), and (ii) the role of family networks located in distant areas (increasingly important given population mobility due to internal conflicts and improved roads and communications). This study analyses the role of these factors on non-farm working hours and non-farm income shares in the Peruvian Andes. Controlling for other assets and environmental conditions, the study finds that households with distant, strong networks diversify more into non-farm activities. Increases in intra-seasonal climate variability (measured by temperature range during the main crop growing season) have heterogeneous effects across subregions. While we find no direct effect among Southern households (more isolated and indigenous), households in the cooler areas of the Central and Northern Andes (below 13 °C during the crop growing season) tend to increase non-farm income as climate variability increases. The study suggests that distant, strong ties facilitate non-farm opportunities for households facing increasing temperature variability in Central and Southern areas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 997-1022
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2188113
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2188113
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# input file: FJDS_A_2220514_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Boris Gershman
Author-X-Name-First: Boris
Author-X-Name-Last: Gershman
Title: Witch Hunts: Culture, Patriarchy, and Structural Transformation
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1313-1314
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2220514
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2220514
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# input file: FJDS_A_2197543_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: John-Michael Davis
Author-X-Name-First: John-Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Author-Name: Heather Dicks
Author-X-Name-First: Heather
Author-X-Name-Last: Dicks
Author-Name: Craig Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Craig
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Author-Name: Andréanne Martel
Author-X-Name-First: Andréanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Martel
Author-Name: Andrea Paras
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Paras
Title: Canada’s Small INGOs: Growth Aspirations, Strategies, and Constraints
Abstract: 
 During the past two decades, international development non-government organizations (INGOs) have proliferated in the global North. In Canada, there are ∼1350 registered INGOs—of which, 950 were established in 2000 or later, 1192 receive no federal government funding, 1202 have annual revenues under CAD one million dollars, and 709 have no full-time employees. This new wave of Small and Medium Organizations (SMOs) epitomises the decentralisation of global development as private aid has surpassed Official Development Assistance funding. Yet, recent studies suggest SMOs have a short lifespan and fail to progress beyond service provision representing the first evolutionary stage of INGO maturation. Our study combines surveys (n: 95) and interviews (n: 18) with Canadian SMOs to explore growth aspirations along with their challenges and strategies to increase revenue. Our results show that nearly all Canadian SMOs desire organisational growth, and pursue diverse funding sources and innovative strategies to increase revenue. However, for SMOs, growth means doing more of the same thing—they are committed to improving the living conditions of their target population—which contradicts best practices to scale up INGO impact and may necessitate alternative organisational evolutionary guides for SMOs operating in this emerging development niche.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1144-1162
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2197543
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# input file: FJDS_A_2204177_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Joël Cariolle
Author-X-Name-First: Joël
Author-X-Name-Last: Cariolle
Author-Name: Maëlan le Goff
Author-X-Name-First: Maëlan
Author-X-Name-Last: le Goff
Title: Spatial Internet Spillovers in Manufacturing
Abstract: 
 Does local internet diffusion spur manufacturing performance in developing countries? To answer this question, we conduct instrumental variable estimations, using repeated cross-section data on 44,073 manufacturing firms from 109 developing and transition economies, and find large positive spillover effects of local email incidence on manufacturing firms sales and sales per worker. This evidence is driven by the local dissemination of email technology within industries rather than across industries. However, further analysis stresses that inter-industry spillovers are actually U-shaped, that is, negative at low email incidence rates but turning positive once incidence reaches approximately 50% of the local universe of firms. This suggests that local internet spillovers across industries are subject to network effects. Last, these threshold effects seem related to the presence of outward-oriented firms, which are known to exhibit higher digital absorptive capacity. Overall, this paper shows that local industrialisation paces may strongly diverge between poorly and highly digitalised environments.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1163-1186
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2204177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2204177
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# input file: FJDS_A_2218003_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Amrita Saha
Author-X-Name-First: Amrita
Author-X-Name-Last: Saha
Author-Name: Kelbesa Megersa
Author-X-Name-First: Kelbesa
Author-X-Name-Last: Megersa
Author-Name: Keir Macdonald
Author-X-Name-First: Keir
Author-X-Name-Last: Macdonald
Title: Business Licencing Reform and Gender Equality: Evidence from Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Business environment reform targets inadequate business regulations, intending to remove constraints to business investment, enabling growth and job creation, and creating opportunities for international business to contribute to and benefit from this growth. Women-led businesses are likely to be disproportionately negatively affected by a poor business environment. However, there is a dearth of context-specific knowledge of the impact of business environment reform on gender equality. This paper offers new insights into this relationship through an in-depth analysis of the Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (PTSP) or one-stop shop business licencing reform in 2009, exploiting the variation in the extent of its implementation to examine how the effects vary, focussing on the gender of firm leadership. Our findings suggest that the reform is unlikely to have led to either unintended negative consequences for women-led firms, nor do we find any evidence of transformational change. Outside Jakarta, advances for women were achieved, while in Jakarta existing exclusions were maintained and arguably deepened. Stronger gender and inclusion outcomes would require further deepening and expanding the positive achievements identified, including general business environment improvements coupled with targeted support for sectors.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1283-1307
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2218003
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2218003
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# input file: FJDS_A_2197545_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rita Schmutz
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmutz
Title: Infrastructure-Driven Development: The Local Social Impact of a Large Hydropower Plant in the Amazon
Abstract: 
 The Brazilian Amazon is marked by attempts at infrastructure-driven development. The construction of the Belo Monte dam, the third-largest in the world, brought chaotical and rapid urbanization to surrounding cities. This paper answered whether the Belo Monte dam impacted the level of violent crime in the region after Altamira was ranked as the most violent city in Brazil in 2015. Following a difference-in-difference approach, I explore the timing of the Belo Monte dam construction and the distance from the construction site to identify the causal effect of unplanned urbanization on homicide rate. In two exogenous shocks, the beginning (2011) and the end of the construction (2015), I estimated a significant rise in the homicide rate in closer cities. The results are driven by criminal activity, with drug trafficking being one of the channels behind the rising homicide rate during construction. The homicide victims are mainly the young male population causing a significant loss of human capital. The increasing homicide rate after the end of the construction indicates that the Belo Monte dam may have a long-term effect on the violence level in the region. Violence imposes high social costs and may jeopardize future growth in the Amazon.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1123-1143
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2197545
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# input file: FJDS_A_2204179_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Amirah El-Haddad
Author-X-Name-First: Amirah
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Haddad
Author-Name: Chahir Zaki
Author-X-Name-First: Chahir
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaki
Title: The Role of Political Connections in COVID Policy Response: Effectiveness of Firm-Level Government Support in Egypt
Abstract: 
 The COVID-19 pandemic saw two sets of policy responses: lockdown to limit spread of the virus, which was a huge demand and supply shock, and government support to firms and individuals to offset the effects of this policy-induced shock. This paper explores the allocation and effectiveness of government support to firms in Egypt. We consider both financial support measures which were by and large already being implemented pre-COVID, as well as tax- and loan-related exemptions and deferments. After controlling for the endogeneity of government support, our main findings show that the latter has helped mitigate the effects of COVID-19, with a significantly larger, favorable impact on smaller, younger and private firms. There is no equity-effectiveness trade-off. However, although these firms apparently make better use of government support, they receive a disproportionately smaller share of it. In line with the emerging ‘unsocial’ social contract, government support has been chiefly determined by political connections and a captured industrial policy. This ‘misallocation’ reinforces the ‘missing middle’ phenomenon which acts as a constraint as SMEs are unable to grow. Nevertheless, the crisis has presented a chance for the pattern of support to slowly shift towards the more vulnerable through the more frequent use of ‘exemptions and deferments’.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1213-1235
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2204179
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# input file: FJDS_A_2196807_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Logan Puck
Author-X-Name-First: Logan
Author-X-Name-Last: Puck
Title: Resisting Extortion: Victims, Criminals, and States in Latin America
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1310-1311
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2196807
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# input file: FJDS_A_2219126_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Justine Falciola
Author-X-Name-First: Justine
Author-X-Name-Last: Falciola
Author-Name: Sarah Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: Barbara Ramos
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramos
Author-Name: Valentina Rollo
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollo
Title: Drivers of SME Resilience in Southeast Asia during COVID-19
Abstract: 
 Defining and measuring resilience has become a subject of interest in a world characterized by crises. Calls for empirical work on the microeconomic drivers of the resilience of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have drawn attention to the need for an enterprise resilience index. This paper fills this gap by proposing a multi-dimensional framework for firm resilience. Factor analysis of firm level data from surveys conducted in Cambodia and the Philippines before and during the COVID-19 crisis identifies a set of firm-level factors that drove successful SME performance during the pandemic. Structural Equation Modelling combines these factors into a firm level resilience index and confirms that the index is positively correlated with commonly used proxies of firm performance during crises, such as retaining employees. The insights from the analysis indicate that investment in certain dimensions of firm performance in good times can drive their resilience during crises.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1236-1257
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2219126
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# input file: FJDS_A_2218002_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Paolo Falco
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Falco
Author-Name: Henrik Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: John Rand
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Rand
Author-Name: Finn Tarp
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarp
Author-Name: Neda Trifković
Author-X-Name-First: Neda
Author-X-Name-Last: Trifković
Title: Good Business Practices Improve Productivity in Myanmar’s Manufacturing Sector
Abstract: 
 We investigate the relationship between business practices and enterprise productivity using panel data with matched employer and employee information from Myanmar. The data show that micro, small, and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Myanmar typically adopt only a few modern business practices, and the persistence in the use is extremely low. Even so, we find a positive and economically important association between business practices and productivity. Specifically, the empirical results show that a one standard deviation difference in applied business practices (equivalent to applying an additional 4 to 5 of the 20 business practices in focus) is associated with an 8–10 per cent difference in labour productivity. Utilising the employer–employee information to estimate Mincer-type wage regressions, we find that workers receive about half to two-thirds of the productivity gain in higher wages. Overall, our findings support the notion of business practices as a production technology, and we find that workers and managers split the productivity gains evenly.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1258-1282
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2218002
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# input file: FJDS_A_2210381_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Moses Khisa
Author-X-Name-First: Moses
Author-X-Name-Last: Khisa
Title: Arbitrary States: Social Control and Modern Authoritarianism in Museveni’s Uganda
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1311-1313
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2210381
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# input file: FJDS_A_2196805_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Oliver Morrissey
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey
Title: The Wealth and Poverty of African States: Economic Growth, Living Standards and Taxation since the Late Nineteenth Century
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1308-1309
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2196805
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# input file: FJDS_A_2197546_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Amit Loewenthal
Author-X-Name-First: Amit
Author-X-Name-Last: Loewenthal
Author-Name: Sami H. Miaari
Author-X-Name-First: Sami H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miaari
Author-Name: Anke Hoeffler
Author-X-Name-First: Anke
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoeffler
Title: Aid and Radicalization: The Case of Hamas in the West Bank and Gaza
Abstract: 
 We study how militant political factions use material aid to secure support. We focus on Hamas, a militant faction in the Palestinian Authority. We generate a unique dataset that includes the sources and extent of assistance received by Palestinian households, data on Israeli and Palestinian fatalities, and data on the level of support for particular Palestinian factions. We find that lower-income residents of districts that receive aid from religious charities are more likely to support Hamas. The support patterns identified partly align with the existing theory on armed religious groups as club good providers. We find no evidence that aid affects incumbent support or deters recipients from supporting militants. While it is possible that charities only target districts and households that support them, testing for reverse causality by regressing aid on lagged faction support yields no such evidence.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1187-1212
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2197546
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2197546
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# input file: FJDS_A_2217995_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Naureen Fatema
Author-X-Name-First: Naureen
Author-X-Name-Last: Fatema
Author-Name: Shahriar Kibriya
Author-X-Name-First: Shahriar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibriya
Title: Givers of Great Dinners Know Few Enemies: The Impact of Food Sufficiency and Food Sharing on Low-intensity Household Conflict in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract: 
 Our study establishes a linkage between household food sufficiency and food sharing behaviour with the reduction of low-intensity, micro level conflict using primary data from 1763 households of eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. We develop a theoretical explanation of such behaviour using the seminal theories of dissatisfaction originating from food insecurity and the reciprocity of gifts in economic anthropology. We first examine if food sufficient households are less likely to engage in low-intensity conflict. Following, we investigate possible heterogeneous effects of food sufficiency, conditional on food sharing behaviour. Using propensity score matching, we find that food sufficiency reduces household conflict risk by an average of around 10 percentage points. Upon conditioning on food sharing behaviour, we find that conflict risk in the subpopulation of food sufficient households is 13.8 percentage points lower for households that share their food while the effects disappear for households that do not share their food. Our results hold through a rigorous set of robustness checks including doubly robust estimator, placebo regression, matching quality tests and Rosenbaum bounds for hidden bias. We conclude that food sufficiency reduces low-intensity conflict for households only in the presence of food sharing behaviour and offer explanations and policy prescriptions.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1409-1426
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2217995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2217995
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# input file: FJDS_A_2217998_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Johanna Choumert-Nkolo
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Choumert-Nkolo
Author-Name: Gabriela Santana Tavera
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriela
Author-X-Name-Last: Santana Tavera
Author-Name:  Prakhar Saxena
Author-X-Name-First:  Prakhar
Author-X-Name-Last: Saxena
Title: Addressing Non-response Bias in Surveys of Wealthy Households in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Strategies and Implementation
Abstract: 
 Survey data is a crucial tool for understanding behaviours in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but it is often subject to various biases that impede statistical inference. One of these biases is the systematic non-response of wealthy populations, which poses a considerable risk to research on income and wealth inequality, entrepreneurship, consumer behaviour, housing markets, demand for urban services, education and career trajectories, and other topics relevant to these groups. This article offers a technical and methodological review of non-response bias inherent in surveys of wealthy households, encompassing unit non-response and item non-response. Based on a literature review, we suggest a range of strategies that can be used to minimize these biases, starting with strategies for implementing the survey itself and then proposing solutions for adjusting the sample after the survey. This article provides researchers and survey managers with a theoretical understanding of the issues at stake, as well as practical tools for mitigating biases specific to surveys of wealthy households in LMICs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1427-1442
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2217998
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2217998
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# input file: FJDS_A_2204176_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Annelieke E. C. Duker
Author-X-Name-First: Annelieke E. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Duker
Author-Name: Sambulisiwe Maseko
Author-X-Name-First: Sambulisiwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Maseko
Author-Name: Mehluli A. Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Mehluli A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Author-Name: Benson M. Karimba
Author-X-Name-First: Benson M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karimba
Author-Name: Alex Bolding
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolding
Author-Name: Pooja Prasad
Author-X-Name-First: Pooja
Author-X-Name-Last: Prasad
Author-Name: Charlotte de Fraiture
Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte
Author-X-Name-Last: de Fraiture
Author-Name: Pieter van der Zaag
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Zaag
Title: The Changing Faces of Farmer-Led Irrigation: Lessons from Dynamic Irrigation Trajectories in Kenya and Zimbabwe
Abstract: 
 Farmer-led irrigation is valued for its resilience and ability to cope with shocks and benefit from opportunities. Yet, typologies of farmer-led irrigation are mostly static categorisations without analysing farmers’ decision-making over time, and without studying ‘failed’ cases. We therefore analysed temporal changes in farmers’ irrigation strategies to expand, downscale or cease practices as part of wider livelihood decisions and aspirations. This longitudinal study presents irrigation trajectories of 32 farmers in the arid lands of two contrasting socioeconomic settings in Kenya and Zimbabwe. Data were collected through multiple rounds of surveys and in-depth interviews. Results show that farmers frequently alternated strategies or ceased or restarted operations over the years, both by force and choice. Although many farmers were able to start, expand or sustain irrigation, not all managed or aspired to remain engaged in irrigated farming, even if the enabling environment was conducive for market-oriented irrigation development. We therefore conclude that farmers’ needs cannot always be expressed in general terms of growth or commercial farming, nor can they always be satisfied by improving the enabling environment, which may be based on static ontologies of diverse types of farmers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1317-1336
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2204176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2204176
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# input file: FJDS_A_2204178_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Vera Vernooij
Author-X-Name-First: Vera
Author-X-Name-Last: Vernooij
Author-Name: Sietze R. Vellema
Author-X-Name-First: Sietze R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vellema
Author-Name: Todd A. Crane
Author-X-Name-First: Todd A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Crane
Title: Beyond the Formal-Informal Dichotomy: Towards Accommodating Diverse Milk-Collection Practices in the Economic Middle of Kenya’s Dairy Sector
Abstract: 
 The triangle of dairy intensification, commercialisation and market formalisation is promoted to address the challenges of food and nutrition security (FNS) and climate change. This article questions the need for formalisation to reach intensification and commercialisation objectives in Kenya. Moving beyond the binary perception of milk markets as either ‘formal’ or ‘informal’, we investigate a repertoire of milk-collection practices and address the following question: ‘What enables diverse intermediary practices to ensure a consistent flow of milk from grass to glass?’ Sampling, data collection and analysis were guided by a qualitative research design for an empirical exploration of the practices of owner-operated (N = 13) and corporate (N = 4) milk collectors. Iterative analysis of observations revealed three main themes constituting milk-collection practices: (1) buying milk, (2) managing milk (quantity and quality measurement) and (3) selling milk to the next buyer. These practices were enabled and sustained by the diverse options available for each aspect of milk collection, and by the capacity of collectors to accommodate variety in their practices. We invite scholars and practitioners to conduct deeper explorations of how to accommodate events in practice to enhance the success of ambitions relating to FNS and climate change through pathways of intensification and commercialisation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1337-1353
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2204178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2204178
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# input file: FJDS_A_2216050_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bjørn Olav Utvik
Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn Olav
Author-X-Name-Last: Utvik
Title: Football in the Middle East: state, society and the beautiful game
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1467-1468
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2216050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2216050
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# input file: FJDS_A_2204180_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Damir Esenaliev
Author-X-Name-First: Damir
Author-X-Name-Last: Esenaliev
Title: Welfare Effects of Smallholder Export Participation: Evidence from Panel Data in Kyrgyzstan
Abstract: 
 The involvement of small-scale farmers in markets is crucial to alleviate poverty in low- and middle-income countries. In this study, we examine the determinants and welfare implications of export participation for smallholders in Kyrgyzstan, utilising household-level panel data for the period of 2010-2013 and employing fixed-effects panel estimations. Our research reveals that the decision to participate in exports is primarily influenced by the geographical location of the farmers and their receipt of overseas remittances. Furthermore, we find no significant welfare effects from exporting when assessed using three welfare indicators. Consequently, we conclude that in the absence of organised export value chains, trade liberalisation does not yield clear welfare benefits for small-scale farmers in impoverished countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1373-1390
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2204180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2204180
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# input file: FJDS_A_2210861_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Weishen Zeng
Author-X-Name-First: Weishen
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeng
Title: Certifying China: The Rise and Limits of Transnational Sustainability Governance in Emerging Economies
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1465-1467
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2210861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2210861
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# input file: FJDS_A_2207254_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Khadidja Ngom
Author-X-Name-First: Khadidja
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngom
Author-Name: Amy L. Damon
Author-X-Name-First: Amy L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Damon
Author-Name: Hannah R. Whipple
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Whipple
Title: Land Tenure and Agricultural Investment: Do Ugandan Polygynous Households Comport with Theory?
Abstract: 
 Secure land tenure is critical in enabling farmers to make productivity-enhancing investments. While substantial research exists on the relationship between property rights and investment, this relationship is complicated in the presence of polygyny and customary law. If households are acting according to theory, we would expect households to make investments in land held under more individualized and secure tenure (non-customary). We test if this pattern holds across household types, namely monogamous vs. polygynous households in Uganda. Using five waves of the Uganda Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA), we measure the effects of parcel tenure on both fertilizer and long-term agricultural investment across different marriage structures. Our results suggest that customary land tenure in monogamous households leads to a decrease in organic and inorganic fertilizer use, and a decrease in the likelihood of erosion prevention and planting perennial crops. Contrary to expectations, polygynous households invest more in fertilizer and fallowing on customary land. Our results suggest that land privatization, without concurrent attention to customary law and marriage structure, could have a deleterious effect on investment incentive mechanisms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1354-1372
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2207254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2207254
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# input file: FJDS_A_2199566_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ali Enami
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Enami
Author-Name: Ugo Gentilini
Author-X-Name-First: Ugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gentilini
Author-Name: Patricio Larroulet
Author-X-Name-First: Patricio
Author-X-Name-Last: Larroulet
Author-Name: Nora Lustig
Author-X-Name-First: Nora
Author-X-Name-Last: Lustig
Author-Name: Emma Monsalve
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Monsalve
Author-Name: Siyu Quan
Author-X-Name-First: Siyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Quan
Author-Name: Jamele Rigolini
Author-X-Name-First: Jamele
Author-X-Name-Last: Rigolini
Title: Universal Basic Income Programs: How Much Would Taxes Need to Rise? Evidence for Brazil, Chile, India, Russia, and South Africa
Abstract: 
 Using microsimulations this paper analyzes the poverty and tax implications of replacing current transfers and subsidies by a budget-neutral (no change in the fiscal deficit) universal basic income program (UBI) in Brazil, Chile, India, Russia, and South Africa. We consider three UBI transfers with increasing levels of generosity and identify scenarios in which the poor are no worse off than in the baseline scenario of existing social transfers. We find that for poverty levels not to increase under a UBI reform, the level of spending must increase substantially with respect to the baseline. Accordingly, the required increase in tax burdens is high throughout. We find that the increase in the average tax rate that would be consistent with not hurting the poor is almost universally above 30%, limiting the feasibility of a UBI reform due to political resistance and efficiency costs.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1443-1463
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2199566
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2199566
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# input file: FJDS_A_2236380_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mick Moore
Author-X-Name-First: Mick
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: In Memoriam: Professor Michael Lipton
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1315-1316
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2236380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2236380
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# input file: FJDS_A_2210860_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Samer Abboud
Author-X-Name-First: Samer
Author-X-Name-Last: Abboud
Title: Syrian Requiem: The Civil War and Its Aftermath
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1464-1465
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2210860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2210860
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# input file: FJDS_A_2217996_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Tabea Lakemann
Author-X-Name-First: Tabea
Author-X-Name-Last: Lakemann
Title: How Vulnerable are the Self-Employed? Evidence from Ugandan Small-Scale Entrepreneurs
Abstract: 
 Due to small firm sizes and inter-linkages between household and business finances, small-scale entrepreneurs in developing countries are inherently vulnerable to temporary and permanent income shortfalls, and hence household poverty. While the International Labour Organisation (ILO) generally defines self-employment without employees as vulnerable employment, little empirical research has been done on the extent to which the self-employed are indeed vulnerable. This paper makes two main contributions: first, it operationalises the concept of vulnerability in the context of self-employment in developing countries by defining vulnerability as the risk of having business income below a living wage threshold. Secondly, it investigates the extent and correlates of vulnerability. Using a six-year balanced entrepreneur panel dataset from Kampala, Uganda, it is shown that the self-employed are heterogeneous with respect to vulnerability and observed earnings: 58–74% of the samples are classified as vulnerable in a given year and mostly earn incomes below the living wage threshold. Vulnerable entrepreneurs are shown to be significantly different from non-vulnerable entrepreneurs in several dimensions, including those that do not directly predict income.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1391-1408
Issue: 9
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2217996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2217996
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# input file: FJDS_A_2230680_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Erin Riggs
Author-X-Name-First: Erin
Author-X-Name-Last: Riggs
Title: The Right to Be Counted: The Urban Poor and the Politics of Resettlement in Delhi
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1629-1631
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2230680
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2230680
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# input file: FJDS_A_2222209_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lindsay Whitfield
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield
Title: Markets, States or Transnational Networks? Explaining Technology Leverage by Latecomer Firms in Industrializing Countries
Abstract: 
 The market versus state debate still shapes teaching and scholarly work on how latecomer firms acquire capabilities to become internationally competitive in industries new to their country. However, the developmental state approach underestimates the importance of firms as key actors in the articulation of economies into global markets and overestimates the role of the government. Industry studies filled this gap by showing how firms responded to government industrial policies, by identifying the mechanisms of technology leverage, and by underscoring the importance of aligned interests between foreign and domestic firms. Yet, we do not know under which conditions technology leverage happens and how the absorptive capacity of latecomer firms to leverage technology is generated in the first place. This article presents an explanation of the origins of absorptive capacity of latecomer firms based on a systematic analysis of the experience of domestic firms in East Asia. The framework emphasizes the role of transnational networks linking foreign and domestic firms as well as foreign firms’ business strategies. The article then applies this framework to explain the emergence of an apparel export industry in Mauritius in the 1970s, an exceptional success case in the African region, drawing on original empirical data.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1508-1530
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2222209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2222209
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# input file: FJDS_A_2243018_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: John Aloysius Zinda
Author-X-Name-First: John Aloysius
Author-X-Name-Last: Zinda
Title: Effective Advocacy: Lessons from East Asia’s Environmentalists
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1631-1633
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2243018
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2243018
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# input file: FJDS_A_2232916_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mobarak Hossain
Author-X-Name-First: Mobarak
Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain
Title: The Linkage between School Autonomy and Inequality in Achievement in 69 Countries: Does Development Level Matter?
Abstract: 
 Whether schooling systems with greater autonomy offset or reinforce educational inequalities remains debateable. Yet school autonomy is often advocated by different actors including donors and international organisations in many countries. This study examines the association between school autonomy and the inequality in maths achievement of 15-year-olds by socioeconomic status (SES), and whether this correlation differs by countries’ level of development. We construct a country-level panel using six waves of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) from 69 countries in 322 country waves. We first estimate the gradient of SES and maths achievement as a measure of achievement inequality at the country level and take the country mean of the relevant covariates including school autonomy. Results from weighted mixed-effects models suggest that the association between all autonomy variables and inequality in achievement is not significant. However, academic autonomy is linked to increasing achievement inequality in high- and upper-middle-income countries compared with low- and lower-middle-income countries. But the coefficients for budget and personnel autonomy do not differ by the development level. The results remain similar in several specification tests including country and year fixed effects, which leads us to suggest not to simplistically apply autonomy reforms regardless of context.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1491-1507
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2232916
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2232916
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# input file: FJDS_A_2217997_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mazhar Mughal
Author-X-Name-First: Mazhar
Author-X-Name-Last: Mughal
Author-Name: Rashid Javed
Author-X-Name-First: Rashid
Author-X-Name-Last: Javed
Author-Name: Thierry Lorey
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorey
Title: Female Early Marriage and Son Preference in Pakistan
Abstract: 
 In this study, we employ pooled data from four rounds of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) to examine whether, and to what extent, does the incidence of early marriage shape the married women’s perspectives on gender preference associated with reproduction. We employ a number of econometric techniques (Probit, OLS, Cox Hazard Model, IV Probit and treatment effects) and a large set of model specifications, and find significant evidence supporting the role of early marriage in perpetuating disproportionate preference for boys. Women who married before turning 18 not only state a greater desire for boys but are also less likely to stop reproduction as long as they do not have a boy. Early-age marriage is associated with 7.7–12.5 per cent higher incidence of fertility discontinuation among women without a son. This son-preferring behaviour is stronger at higher birth order and also reflects in differential spacing patterns. Women’s education appears to be the strongest channel through which these effects are mediated. The divergence between early- and late-marrying women appears to have sharpened over time. The findings of this study underscore the role played by early marriage in altering the gender-specific attitudes prevalent in the society, and highlight existing gender inequality traps.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1549-1569
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2217997
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2217997
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# input file: FJDS_A_2217999_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nina Torm
Author-X-Name-First: Nina
Author-X-Name-Last: Torm
Title: Informal Worker Access to Formal Social Protection in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Kenya and Tanzania
Abstract: 
 Based on a combination of detailed survey data and in-depth interviews with informal workers in the construction, micro-trade, and transport sectors in urban areas of Kenya and Tanzania, this article explores the extent to which informal worker associations facilitate member access to formal social insurance schemes. The article provides unique insight into what characterises informal workers, and the circumstances under which associations may ensure social protection for their members. The analysis shows that members of informal worker associations are significantly more likely to participate in formal insurance schemes compared with non-members, albeit with some variation across location, sector, and worker types. These divergences relate partly to sector-specific and institutional constellations, as well as the ways in which informal worker associations function. Moreover, the article shows that informal worker associations often play a dual role by providing both direct short-term social cushioning and enabling enrolment in formal social insurance schemes. Their part in ensuring the achievement of universal social protection must therefore not be underestimated.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1570-1588
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2217999
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# input file: FJDS_A_2217588_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Christian Lund
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Lund
Title: Ordering Violence: Explaining Armed Group-State Relations from Conflict to Cooperation
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1626-1627
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2217588
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# input file: FJDS_A_2232919_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eva Paus
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Paus
Author-Name: Luis Abugattas
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Abugattas
Author-Name: Maria Amparo Cruz Saco
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Amparo
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz Saco
Title: Global Value Chains in Agriculture and the Middle-income Trap: A Framework for Analysis Applied to Peru’s Boom
Abstract: 
 We analyze to what extent engagement with fresh produce global value chains (FP-GVC) may contribute to a country overcoming the middle-income trap (MIT). We propose a conceptual framework for analyzing the FP-GVC-MIT nexus and apply it to Peru, which has become a global powerhouse in FP exports. The framework connects GVC and MIT analysis, two areas generally discussed in separate literatures. It highlights the role of global and product-specific factors, which are a given for any country, and country-specific factors, which may change as a result of government interventions and political economy considerations. We show that FP-GVC participation can only make a limited contribution to overcoming the MIT due to conflicts between production expansion and water availability and inclusion, as well as limited sector-transcendent impacts. While global and product-specific factors circumscribe the possibilities of a FP-GVC-MIT nexus everywhere, government policies can expand the boundaries in some areas. We conclude that an escape from the MIT warrants active industrial policies for a multi-pronged strategy, where FP-GVC participation can be but one element.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1531-1548
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2232919
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2232919
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# input file: FJDS_A_2229140_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Joan Ricart-Huguet
Author-X-Name-First: Joan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ricart-Huguet
Title: Precolonial Legacies in Postcolonial Politics: Representation and Redistribution in Decentralized West Africa
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1628-1629
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2229140
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2229140
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# input file: FJDS_A_2218000_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marislei Nishijima
Author-X-Name-First: Marislei
Author-X-Name-Last: Nishijima
Author-Name: Sarmistha Pal
Author-X-Name-First: Sarmistha
Author-X-Name-Last: Pal
Title: Compulsory Schooling Laws, Overcrowding, and Youth Crime: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Brazilian Municipalities
Abstract: 
 Compulsory schooling laws are often suggested as a means of combating youth crime, but little is known about how effective they are in emerging economies. Using the exogenous changes in compulsory high school enrolment after the 2009 Brazilian Constitutional Amendment 59, we investigate its impact on youth crime indices, violent and less violent ones. We compared municipalities that received federal funding to increase high school enrolment with those that did not, using difference-in-difference models to estimate the effects on selected youth crime indices. Our findings suggest that the Amendment had little or no effects on reducing youth crime. We observe small crime reduction when the incapacitation effects of the Amendment were largely outweighed by the negative effects of sudden overcrowding in classrooms with overburdened teachers providing inadequate supervision, and insufficient crime monitoring in public schools with shorter school hours. Adverse effects of overcrowding were worse in poor municipalities with more disadvantaged students and fewer resources that exactly balanced out the incapacitation effects, producing zero effects on crime. The effectiveness of compulsory schooling laws in reducing youth crime thus depends on the balance between the incapacitation effects and overcrowding effects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1589-1607
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2218000
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2218000
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# input file: FJDS_A_2222211_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Leoné Walters
Author-X-Name-First: Leoné
Author-X-Name-Last: Walters
Author-Name: Carolyn Chisadza
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Chisadza
Author-Name: Matthew Clance
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Clance
Title: The Effect of Pre-Colonial Ethnic Institutions and European Influences on Contemporary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: 
 Present-day education outcomes in Africa cannot independently be attributed to pre-colonial ethnic institutions, exposure to historical missionary activity or colonial rule. It is instead the complementarity or contention between these European influences and pre-colonial ethnic institutions such as political centralisation that result in education outcomes we observe today. Using geolocated DHS literacy outcomes for thirteen sub-Saharan African countries, our findings suggest pre-colonial political centralisation and European influences have heterogeneous effects on contemporary literacy, depending on the interaction between these institutions. This paper contributes to debates on colonial and pre-colonial ethnic influences on African development, moving beyond country-level analysis.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1469-1490
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2222211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2222211
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# input file: FJDS_A_2218001_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Guanghua Wan
Author-X-Name-First: Guanghua
Author-X-Name-Last: Wan
Author-Name: Jiansheng Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiansheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Congmin Zuo
Author-X-Name-First: Congmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuo
Title: The Welfare Effects of Land Reform: Lessons from Yunnan, China
Abstract: 
 Land reform has been perceived to be a major avenue for poverty reduction, amid controversies regarding the impacts of land reform in developing economies. This paper demonstrates how China’s land reform in the 1950s succeeded in reducing hunger and poverty. To be more specific, our paper constructs a theoretical model, deriving hypotheses with respect to the welfare effects of land reform in general. The hypotheses are then empirically tested using a unique data set from China. Our identification strategy of combining propensity score matching (PSM) with Differences-in-Differences (DID) estimations ensures the reliability of causal inferences and analytical results. The paper concludes that China’s land reform in the 1950s significantly improved the welfare of peasants in terms of subsistence living while its effect on non-subsistence welfare was insignificant.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1608-1625
Issue: 10
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2218001
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2218001
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# input file: FJDS_A_2244637_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sambath My
Author-X-Name-First: Sambath
Author-X-Name-Last: My
Title: The National Childcare Agenda in Cambodia: A Feminist Transformative Ethics of Care Perspective
Abstract: 
 This article critically examines Cambodia’s national childcare agenda from a feminist transformative ethics of care perspective. It employs a discourse analysis for policy texts and examines, through in-depth interviews and participant observation, the perspectives and/or lived experiences of people engaged in and/or affected by the policy. The researcher conducted 104 in-depth interviews and observed three meetings/workshops in Cambodia from February to May in 2018. This paper argues that Cambodia’s national childcare agenda is far from ‘transformative’ because it neither contributes to the redistribution of childcare loads from the family to the public sphere nor enhances women’s autonomy in a way that enables them to participate in the labour market. A primary contribution of this paper is its application of a feminist transformative ethics of care to childcare policy analysis in Cambodia, in a developing country context. This transformative tool brings together different feminist thinking to enable us to investigate and evaluate childcare policy discourses, how they are interpreted by different actors, and how they shape policy practices and people’s lives.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1683-1698
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2244637
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2244637
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# input file: FJDS_A_2236271_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Helena de Moraes Achcar
Author-X-Name-First: Helena
Author-X-Name-Last: de Moraes Achcar
Title: Re-Thinking Recipient Agency in South-South Cooperation: Strategies of Contestation, Strategies of Transformation and the South’s Own View of Development
Abstract: 
 Emerging donors have paid little attention to recipient agency in South-South Cooperation (SSC), instead emphasizing the supposedly horizontal character of South-South relations and the respect for (governmental) sovereignty. Focusing on the ProSavana, the Brazil-Japan-Mozambique large-scale agricultural project that was supposed to transform the Mozambican savannah into a commodities exporter, this article explores the political battle between the proponents of the ProSavana and the transnational movement of peasants that contested it. Drawing on the theory of discourse, the article offers a reconceptualization of agency in SSC as the capacity and ability (of indigenous populations) to transform Northern hegemonic discourses (embodied by the ProSavana) and replace them with the South’s own view of development. Based on similarity claims between Brazil and Mozambique’s experience with agricultural development, the peasants’ movement was successful in contesting the project by discursively linking ‘ProSavana’ with ‘land grabbing’ and ‘food insecurity’ but was not able to promote a more propositional discourse that would replace the ProSavana. My analysis shows that successful strategies of transformation will depend on the mobilization of discursive resources that resonate with the greater community as a ‘common good’. The article draws broader implications for movements that seek to contest large-scale (agricultural) projects.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1652-1669
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2236271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2236271
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# input file: FJDS_A_2244782_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Maggie Dwyer
Author-X-Name-First: Maggie
Author-X-Name-Last: Dwyer
Title: African Interventions: State Militaries, Foreign Powers, and Rebel Forces
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1782-1783
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2244782
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# input file: FJDS_A_2222212_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Julia Su Chen Ng
Author-X-Name-First: Julia Su Chen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng
Author-Name: Colas Chervier
Author-X-Name-First: Colas
Author-X-Name-Last: Chervier
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Roda
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Roda
Author-Name: Zaiton Samdin
Author-X-Name-First: Zaiton
Author-X-Name-Last: Samdin
Author-Name: Rachel Carmenta
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmenta
Title: Understanding Stakeholders’ Perspectives on the Collaborative Governance Challenges in Sabah’s (Malaysian Borneo) Jurisdictional Approach
Abstract: 
 Collaborative governance is increasingly being used as a solution to address climate change and deforestation in the tropics, but its stakeholders face numerous challenges in making it work. This study aims to understand stakeholders’ perspectives on the challenges of collaborative governance, focusing on Sabah’s jurisdictional approach. We applied the Q-methodology to derive the perspectives of the stakeholders involved. The results revealed three significant perspectives. The first perspective, “participant factors,” highlighted that the representation of the ‘right’ stakeholders and the mandate to make decisions are inadequate. The second perspective, “non-progress in activities,” suggests that the lack of accountability hampers the progress of the initiative. The third perspective, “shared understanding,” reflects the stakeholders’ inability to agree on a common goal. The consensus regarding the collaboration challenge is that the jurisdictional approach initiative is new, and nobody knows how to implement it, emphasizing the need for higher-level government commitment. This study reveals the challenges of collaborative governance in a jurisdictional approach by providing empirical evidence of the diverse perspectives of stakeholders.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1699-1717
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2222212
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# input file: FJDS_A_2247254_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Johann Ole Willers
Author-X-Name-First: Johann Ole
Author-X-Name-Last: Willers
Title: The Politics of Cybersecurity in the Middle East
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1785-1786
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2247254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2247254
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# input file: FJDS_A_2232915_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Molly Sundberg
Author-X-Name-First: Molly
Author-X-Name-Last: Sundberg
Title: Local Recruits in Development Finance Institutions: Relocating Global North-South Divides in the International Aid Industry
Abstract: 
 This text explores locally recruited staff within a growing category of organisations in the international aid industry: Development Finance Institutions (DFIs). DFIs are banks that offer risk capital to development projects in the global South, increasingly using tax-funded aid money. Based on interviews with 13 DFI investment managers, I show how Kenyan DFI staff challenge three of the signature attributes commonly assigned to local development professionals: their ‘local’ expertise does not contrast with or preclude international expertise, but rather overlaps with it; their formal authority and career ladders are not restricted to technical or support positions – many field offices are headed by local employees; and they rarely face job insecurity given their competitive qualifications and permanent employment contracts. Meanwhile, decisions on investments are rarely taken by these field office staff but by their colleagues at headquarters, and unlike the latter, even those local recruits who head their field offices usually lack a secure place in the global organisation of their DFIs. This suggests that structural inequalities between donor and recipient country staff – integral to the development industry – have not disappeared in DFIs but rather relocated: from within the walls of field offices to the relationship between these offices and headquarters.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1635-1651
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2232915
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# input file: FJDS_A_2244638_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hannah Akanksha Patnaik
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah Akanksha
Author-X-Name-Last: Patnaik
Author-Name: John McPeak
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: McPeak
Title: Does Community-Based Adaptation Enhance Social Capital? Evidence from Senegal and Mali
Abstract: 
 Climate change and extreme climate shocks pose a significant threat to resource-dependent rural communities. Successfully supporting households to anticipate and adapt to climate variability and shocks, as well as build long term climate resilience, is essential to facing these changes. Given the importance of social capital in facilitating collective action and adaptation, the development community has focused on bottom-up, participatory adaptation projects. This article explores the social capital impacts of a pilot community-based adaptation project in Senegal and Mali that aims to encourage inclusive decision making around public goods investments. The analysis uses both difference-in-differences and propensity score matching estimates to evaluate whether households that participated in the project realized enhanced social capital, as measured through participation in community development, and acts of reciprocity and community support. The findings indicate that engaging in the participatory process through the project increased the likelihood of future collective action and providing help to other community members in Mali.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1718-1740
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2244638
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# input file: FJDS_A_2236272_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kelvin Mulungu
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulungu
Author-Name: Dale T. Manning
Author-X-Name-First: Dale T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Manning
Title: Impact of Weather Shocks on Food Security: How Effective are Forests as Natural Insurance?
Abstract: 
 Malnutrition and food insecurity affect nearly one billion people worldwide. In developing countries, adverse weather shocks exacerbate these challenges by reducing agricultural productivity. Rural households often rely on forests for food. We determine whether forest access is associated with a less severe effect of adverse weather shocks on food security in rural Malawi. Exploiting exogenous variation in weather shocks and predetermined forest access, we find that households without forest access experience drops in food security when confronted with shocks, while forest access is associated with insignificant changes in food security. This suggests that forests are used as natural insurance. For the period considered by the study, we find that most of the negative impact of shocks was driven by floods, which were more prevalent and severe than droughts. In addition, we find evidence that the role of forests as natural insurance improves with increased forest density (canopy cover). There is a minimum forest density threshold below which forests are not associated with natural insurance. These results suggest that efforts to protect forests should consider their natural insurance role, particularly in regions with weak social safety nets.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1760-1779
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2236272
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2236272
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# input file: FJDS_A_2235107_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bharti Nandwani
Author-X-Name-First: Bharti
Author-X-Name-Last: Nandwani
Title: Land Rights Recognition and Political Participation: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the impact of property rights legislation on the political participation of Scheduled Tribes (STs) - an indigenous community of India. The legislation recognised forest land rights of STs who had been historically residing over forests without formal land titles. Utilising administrative data on land titles, we show that increased demand for land titles increases the political participation of STs as election candidates. This increase is on account of new political candidates that are contested by non-mainstream political parties. We provide evidence that incomplete implementation, that raises but does not meet expectations, is the mechanism. In particular, land title applications that are rejected by sub-district/district-level authorities are driving this increase. Our results suggest that land titling legislations can encourage marginalised beneficiary groups to use political participation as a means to establish their land rights.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1741-1759
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2235107
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# input file: FJDS_A_2246273_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gideon Tups
Author-X-Name-First: Gideon
Author-X-Name-Last: Tups
Title: Prosperity in Rural Africa: Insights into Wealth, Assets and Poverty from Longitudinal Studies in Tanzania
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1783-1785
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2246273
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2246273
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# input file: FJDS_A_2243754_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Viktor Skyrman
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor
Author-X-Name-Last: Skyrman
Author-Name: Stefan Zylinski
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zylinski
Title: The Case for a New Bretton Woods
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1780-1781
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2243754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2243754
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# input file: FJDS_A_2236269_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yoriko Masunaga
Author-X-Name-First: Yoriko
Author-X-Name-Last: Masunaga
Author-Name: Joan Muela Ribera
Author-X-Name-First: Joan
Author-X-Name-Last: Muela Ribera
Author-Name: Thuan Thi Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Thuan Thi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Daniel H. de Vries
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel H.
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries
Author-Name: Koen Peeters Grietens
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Peeters Grietens
Title: Why Communities Participate in Malaria Elimination Projects: Case Studies from Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
Abstract: 
 The importance of community participation in malaria elimination efforts has been trumpeted in various studies; however, the reasons why communities participate are often under examined. We explored the underlying socio-cultural environment of marginalized communities in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia to ascertain why these groups participate in a malaria elimination project, through 12 months of ethnographic fieldwork, including in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, informal conversations, and observation. Findings show various reasonings and motivations of these communities to use participation. In Vietnam, the Stieng and M’nong ethnic minority groups used participation to protest ethnic inequalities and abuses. In Laos, the Brao ethnic minority group feigned participation to deter outside interference in their traditional spaces and identity. In Cambodia, marginalized Khmer and Cham communities actively participated in the project to tailor community development. The paper concludes that participation in health interventions was consistently manipulated as a strategy to protect or nurture community identity and further socio-cultural and political interests.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1670-1682
Issue: 11
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2236269
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2236269
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# input file: FJDS_A_2253986_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sandra Pellet
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Pellet
Author-Name: Marine de Talancé
Author-X-Name-First: Marine
Author-X-Name-Last: de Talancé
Title: Is There a Gender Gap in Health among Migrants in Russia?
Abstract: 
 This study investigates whether there is a gender gap in health among migrants. Focusing on migrants from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in Russia, where there are high levels of both immigration and gender inequality, this paper exploits unique data collected by the authors recording detailed information on health and migration trajectories. We find that migrant women are on average in poorer health than migrant men. This gender gap is only partly explained by gender differences in observed socioeconomic, demographic, living and working characteristics and differences in pre-migration health. We show that migrant women’s health is more likely than men’s to deteriorate during migration. This women’s health disadvantage is sensitive to the migration profile, as it only appears after a certain time spent migrating and for migrants with a vulnerable legal status. These results call for targeted public health policies to address this gender health gap.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1927-1948
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2253986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2253986
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# input file: FJDS_A_2244634_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Shannon Marie McLaughlin
Author-X-Name-First: Shannon Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: McLaughlin
Author-Name: Martina Bozzola
Author-X-Name-First: Martina
Author-X-Name-Last: Bozzola
Author-Name: Anne Nugent
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Nugent
Title: Changing Climate, Changing Food Consumption? Impact of Weather Shocks on Nutrition in Malawi
Abstract: 
 In this study, we capture the impact of changing temperature and rainfall patterns on the estimated consumption of macro-and micronutrients among households in Malawi. We apply a fixed-effects model to household panel data collected between 2010 and 2017, which contains detailed information on food consumption, combined with rainfall and temperature data over the past 30 years. In turn, we aim to identify the impact of weather shocks on household food and nutrition security. We find decreases in rainfall from the long-term average results in declining daily consumption of macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fat), and micronutrients (iron, zinc, vitamin C, and B2). Increases in temperature from the long-term average are associated with reduced daily consumption of carbohydrates, protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A, B2, folate, and B12. These results suggest that reduced rainfall and higher temperatures will exacerbate food insecurity in Malawi. As the effects of climate change are becoming more apparent, enhancing our understanding of the effect of weather shocks on nutrition in developing countries will be vital to aid policymakers to implement targeted interventions to advance food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa. This will be essential to achieve the sustainable development goal of ‘Zero Hunger’ by 2030.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1827-1848
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2244634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2244634
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# input file: FJDS_A_2244639_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Zhihua Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Zhihua
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: An Hu
Author-X-Name-First: An
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Yongran Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Yongran
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Title: Does Proximity to Expressways Improve Manufacturing Productivity? Evidence from Chinese Firms
Abstract: 
 By matching the geocoded data of firm-level productivity and county-level expressway networks in China’s Yangtze River Delta region, we establish a difference-in-differences model to investigate the impact of expressways on manufacturing firm productivity. The results show that expressways boost manufacturing firms’ total factor productivity, with firms closer to expressway services achieving more significant productivity increases compared to those farther away. The results remain robust after controlling for the endogeneity problem using an instrumental variable approach. Expressways promote firm productivity by reducing inventory costs and increasing firm profitability and regional industrial concentration, whereas their effect on product innovation is insignificant. We also find heterogeneity in the impact of expressways on firm productivity, with firms in peripheral counties and in labor-intensive industries receiving a weak productivity-enhancing effect, while firms in central regions and those with high transport dependency benefit more.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1867-1884
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2244639
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2244639
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# input file: FJDS_A_2254063_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: David Arnold
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold
Title: Empire of Convicts: Indian Penal Labor in Colonial Southeast Asia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1952-1954
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2254063
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2254063
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# input file: FJDS_A_2246622_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rekha Ravindran
Author-X-Name-First: Rekha
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravindran
Author-Name: M. Suresh Babu
Author-X-Name-First: M. Suresh
Author-X-Name-Last: Babu
Title: Premature Deindustrialisation and Income Inequality Dynamics: Evidence from Middle-Income Economies
Abstract: 
 The structural transformation path in most developing economies follows an employment shift towards service activities, skipping an industrialisation phase. In this paper, we explore how this premature deindustrialisation trend affects the inclusive growth trajectory of middle-income economies. Considering the trends in manufacturing employment and value-added share, we identify premature deindustrialisation phases in economies. We apply panel fixed-effects and bootstrap-corrected dynamic fixed-effects models to empirically examine the relationship between premature deindustrialisation and income inequality. Our findings suggest that income inequality rises with premature deindustrialisation if the displaced workers are absorbed into market services (especially with employment movement towards non-business market services such as trade, transport, hotels, and accommodation). In contrast, if non-market services (such as education and health) or business services (such as banking and financial services) are the dominant employment provider, it helps to reduce income inequality even in the presence of premature deindustrialisation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1885-1904
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2246622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2246622
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# input file: FJDS_A_2247842_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mindy Park
Author-X-Name-First: Mindy
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Title: The Political Economy of North Korea: Domestic, Regional, and Global Dynamics
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1949-1950
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2247842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2247842
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# input file: FJDS_A_2246625_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Trang Thu Vu
Author-X-Name-First: Trang
Author-X-Name-Last: Thu Vu
Author-Name: Alistair Munro
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair
Author-X-Name-Last: Munro
Title: The Link between Vulnerability to Poverty and Depression: Evidence from Vietnam
Abstract: 
 Vulnerability to poverty is a measure of the downside risk of falling into poverty. We examine the relationship between vulnerability to poverty and self-reported mental health, using a four-wave longitudinal panel from rural Vietnam. Our findings indicate that vulnerability to poverty has a significant and adverse connection with an index of depression. The impacts are not only statistically significant but also large. An increase in vulnerability to poverty from zero to one is associated with a 3.3 unit increase in the depression (CES-D) score (or 47.1 percent increase over the sample mean). Moreover, vulnerability to poverty also increases the probability of being severely mentally distressed. An increase in vulnerability to poverty of one standard deviation is associated on average with a 10.5 percentage point increase in the probability of severe mental distress. Risks of poverty that come from idiosyncratic shocks have stronger links to mental health than risks from covariate shocks. Vulnerability to poverty increases the likelihood of depressive symptoms more for men than for women and for the major ethnicity group compared to other ethnicities. Overall, we provide clear evidence that lives marked by greater downside risk are also blemished with higher rates of depressive symptoms.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1849-1866
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2246625
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2246625
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# input file: FJDS_A_2259616_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Fuad Musallam
Author-X-Name-First: Fuad
Author-X-Name-Last: Musallam
Title: Rebel Populism: Revolution and Loss among Syrian Labourers in Beirut
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1954-1955
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2259616
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2259616
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# input file: FJDS_A_2245101_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Edward Ademolu
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Ademolu
Title: Too Close to Home: Photoelicitation with African Diasporic Communities, Ethical (Un)preparedness and the Importance of Critical Reflexivity in International Development Research
Abstract: 
 Photoelicitation is a creative and multidimensional visual methodology used to stimulate participant subjectivities and situated knowledges. International development research documenting this method often amounts to methodological ‘how-to’ discussions around procedural ethical considerations (e.g. of consent, confidentiality, anonymity and dissemination). Notwithstanding their instructions and recommendations, scholarship is almost exclusively concerned with ethics with respect to participant produced photographs. Less considered are elaborations around unanticipated ‘ethically important moments’ that occur unexpectedly in the here and now dynamic of researcher-supplied photoelicitation. Appropriately, this article presents a methodological reflection of the author’s unpreparedness for participant confessional stories and emotional responses about identity and racism evoked by INGO fundraising photographs of Black African poverty in a qualitative study with British African diasporic communities. It concludes with a two-pronged recommendation of critical reflexivity as an ethical safeguard whereby researchers 1) interrogate their positionalities, and 2) assess the ethical appropriateness of using photos with audience groups who share racialised identities and relationships with those featured in the fundraising imagery. Here, critical reflexivity is defined as the process through which researchers examine who they are and their role within the research context. While ethical safeguard refers to a certain ethical discernment and responsiveness that guards against some of the potentially harmful implications of ethical unpreparedness.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1807-1826
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2245101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2245101
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# input file: FJDS_A_2244635_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Primi Putri
Author-X-Name-First: Primi
Author-X-Name-Last: Putri
Author-Name: Päivi Lujala
Author-X-Name-First: Päivi
Author-X-Name-Last: Lujala
Title: Assessing the Transformative Potential of Extractive Sector Transparency Initiatives: Evidence from Local Oil Revenue Management in Indonesia
Abstract: 
 Transparency initiatives are frequently proposed to enhance citizen participation in natural resource management and ensure that resource revenue spending meets its economic and social goals. Many transparency initiatives, however, have failed in achieving their goals. This article develops an analytical framework emphasizing information disclosure, citizen action, and state response in making transparency initiatives effective in promoting change. We portray these three dimensions in the transparency cube to illustrate their simultaneous roles and the different aspects of these dimensions. The article applies the framework to analyse a subnational revenue transparency initiative designed and implemented by the oil-rich Bojonegoro District of Indonesia. We find that the initiative’s strengths were its requirements to disclose information related to the petroleum sector and its establishment of avenues for engagement. The information, however, did not address the public’s needs and preferred ways of receiving information and engaging with their leader. Consequently, citizens did not actively seek to express their concerns about oil revenue management. The article concludes that transparency initiatives need to include context-specific measures to disclose relevant and actionable information and promote active citizenry and consider local political dynamics to sustain government responsiveness as part of its design.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1787-1806
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2244635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2244635
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# input file: FJDS_A_2252259_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jeroen Cuvelier
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuvelier
Title: The Eyes of the World: Mining the Digital Age in the Eastern DR Congo
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1950-1952
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2252259
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2252259
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# input file: FJDS_A_2250131_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Riley League
Author-X-Name-First: Riley
Author-X-Name-Last: League
Author-Name: Dylan Fitz
Author-X-Name-First: Dylan
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitz
Title: Early-Life Shocks and Childhood Social Programs: Evidence of Catch-Up in Brazil
Abstract: 
 Early-life shocks often produce negative long-run consequences lasting into adulthood, but little is known about how childhood social programs interact with early-life environments. In this paper, we analyze the effect of early-life conditions on child health and evaluate whether access to a conditional cash transfer program is differentially effective among children who experienced adverse early-life events. We use variation in delays in enrollment from the rollout of Brazil’s Bolsa Família program to analyze the impact of longer treatment durations alongside a variation of in utero rainfall to determine the potential for the program to drive catch-up growth. We find that the duration of Bolsa treatment impacts stunting, obesity, and other health outcomes, with the program being most effective among children whose in utero conditions predisposed them to worse health outcomes. Finally, we find that these effects are driven by children who receive Bolsa before age five and that girls experience more health gains. Overall, the duration of treatment matters, with some effects only appearing after one to two years of transfers, as does the timing of treatment, with some effects only appearing for younger initial recipients.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1905-1926
Issue: 12
Volume: 59
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2250131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2250131
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# input file: FJDS_A_2253977_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ray Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Lackson D. Mudenda
Author-X-Name-First: Lackson D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mudenda
Author-Name: Ashish K. Sedai
Author-X-Name-First: Ashish K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedai
Title: Persistent Agricultural Shocks and Child Poverty
Abstract: 
 This study shows how persistent agricultural shocks in Ethiopia affect education, health and labor outcomes through a time-use study of young people aged 5-22. Leveraging five rounds of the Young Lives Study from 2002-2016, we use dynamic panel instrumental variable regressions to account for the unobserved heterogeneity and serial correlation in the estimation. Agricultural shocks significantly reduce schooling participation and time spent in schooling, deteriorate health, and increase both labor force participation and labor time. Household wealth acts as a buffer and mitigates the adverse effects of shocks on schooling. Interestingly, children from wealthier households have a higher likelihood of joining agricultural labor during shocks, but their intensity of child labor is significantly lower compared to poorer households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 30-45
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2253977
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2253977
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# input file: FJDS_A_2246621_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Antonia Asenjo
Author-X-Name-First: Antonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Asenjo
Author-Name: Verónica Escudero
Author-X-Name-First: Verónica
Author-X-Name-Last: Escudero
Author-Name: Hannah Liepmann
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Liepmann
Title: Why Should we Integrate Income and Employment Support? A Conceptual and Empirical Investigation
Abstract: 
 The integration of active labour market policies within income support schemes – such as unemployment insurance and social assistance – has been a key component of social protection in high-income countries since the 1990s, with a rich literature reviewing its effects and implementation characteristics. Today, although this approach has become prevalent in many middle-income economies, its conceptual and practical application has not been studied in detail outside of high-income countries. This paper conceptualizes, for the first time, the implementation of integrated approaches, focusing on low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We first develop a conceptual framework to understand how integrated policies can address labour market challenges, exploring the theoretical effects they exert on selected labour market and social dimensions. We then contrast these theoretical expectations with findings from the empirical literature on the effectiveness of integrated approaches. While many empirical studies find positive effects across different labour market dimensions, this is not a universal finding. To reconcile this discrepancy, we investigate the design and implementation of integrated approaches across LMIC and identify factors which contribute to their effectiveness.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 1-29
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2246621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2246621
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# input file: FJDS_A_2273802_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Aparajita Dasgupta
Author-X-Name-First: Aparajita
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasgupta
Author-Name: Anisha Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Anisha
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Title: Shifting Gendered Social Norms: Impact of a Mass Media Campaign on Child Health in India
Abstract: 
 Exposure to media has been successful in shifting gender norms in many developing countries. In this paper, we study the impact of a government-led media intervention on the probability of the birth of a daughter and the gender gap in early life health outcomes. The intervention, implemented in India between 2015 and 2018, included a mass media campaign designed to increase the perception of the value of a female child, while also tightening the policing of illegal sex-selective abortions. We exploit variation in the timing of exposure to the programme across Indian districts as well as quasi-exogenous variation in the sex of the firstborn child to identify the impact of the programme and find that it led to an increased proportion of female births as well as a reduction in the gender gap in mortality in intensively treated families. The mechanism that explains our results is a relative increase in health investments in daughters, such as breastfeeding and vaccinations. Our results have important policy implications: they emphasise the importance of demand-side measures to change people’s preferences for daughters rather than just imposing top-down, supply-side bans on discriminatory behaviour, which can lead to increased gender discrimination on alternative margins.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 108-130
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273802
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# input file: FJDS_A_2267868_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Phung N. Su
Author-X-Name-First: Phung N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Su
Title: Experiments in Skin: Race and Beauty in the Shadows of Vietnam
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 176-177
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2267868
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:60:y:2024:i:1:p:176-177



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# input file: FJDS_A_2273800_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Kalyan Kumar Kameshwara
Author-X-Name-First: Kalyan Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kameshwara
Author-Name: Robin Shields
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Shields
Author-Name:  Andres Sandoval-Hernandez
Author-X-Name-First:  Andres
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandoval-Hernandez
Title: Decentralisation in School Management and Student Achievement: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the link between decentralisation in school management and student achievement levels in secondary schools in India. It employs observational data from two school surveys conducted as part of the Young Lives project in the southern Indian states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh to create a measure of decentralisation as a latent construct. The relationship between decentralisation and students’ abilities in mathematics and English is measured using linear mixed effects models. Contrary to the expectations in much literature, we find a negative association between decentralisation and students’ scores on Maths and English assessments, even when controlling for a variety of individual and school characteristics. The results from the analysis therefore problematises decentralisation initiatives such as school-based management to improve student achievement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 67-82
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273800
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2273800
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# input file: FJDS_A_2260051_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Nahee Kang
Author-X-Name-First: Nahee
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Title: From Development to Democracy: The Transformations of Modern Asia
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 171-172
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2260051
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# input file: FJDS_A_2273798_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ankush Agrawal
Author-X-Name-First: Ankush
Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal
Author-Name: Parul Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Parul
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Debasis Mondal
Author-X-Name-First: Debasis
Author-X-Name-Last: Mondal
Title: Determinants of Private Tutoring Demand in Rural India
Abstract: 
 Private tutoring participation is increasing in several developing countries, and this expansion has attracted the interest of scholars spanning disciplines of economics, sociology and history. This paper presents a theoretical model of private tutoring demand. The model incorporates the household and school characteristics in a developing country context and demonstrates the source of gender gaps in access to private tutoring. Using a recent database from India and employing a hurdle model approach, the paper also provides estimates of the drivers of private tutoring participation and spending for pre-secondary students. Our results indicate evidence of gender gaps in private tutoring access, and that the socio-economic profile of a student is positively correlated with tutoring demand. Further, school quality indicators are negatively correlated with tutoring participation, suggesting that students at ‘better’ schools rely less on tutoring. Overall, the findings suggest that tutoring demand is influenced by a mix of demand-side (household, community drivers) and supply-side (school quality and learning environment) factors. The results bring into focus the equity implications of tutoring growth and the need to improve school quality in order to reduce the dependence on private tutoring.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 83-107
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273798
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# input file: FJDS_A_2264445_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Smitha Radhakrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Smitha
Author-X-Name-Last: Radhakrishnan
Title: The Opportunity Trap: High-Skilled Workers, Indian Families and the Failure of the Dependent Visa Program
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 174-176
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2264445
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# input file: FJDS_A_2252140_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Martin Evans
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans
Author-Name: Ricardo Nogales
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Nogales
Author-Name: Matthew Robson
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Robson
Title: Monetary and Multidimensional Poverty: Correlation, Mismatches, and a Combined Approach
Abstract: 
 We consider the relationships between multidimensional and monetary poverty indices in international and national poverty profiles, and empirically explore the consequences of identifying poor people relying on a combination of both approaches. Taking first a cross-country perspective, focusing on 90 countries in the developing world, we corroborate that the incidence of poverty by money metrics and the global Multidimensional Poverty Index, a non-monetary measure of poverty, are correlated. Digging deeper, we use microdata from six countries—Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Uganda—to study the joint densities of monetary and multidimensional welfare and the poverty identification mismatches for a comprehensive array of poverty line pairs. Mismatches are important, particularly in the poorer countries. Although mismatches could be avoided by combining both approaches in a dual cutoff-based poverty measure, the choice of the monetary poverty line remains a considerable issue as it changes the nonmonetary composition of poverty.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 147-170
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2252140
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# input file: FJDS_A_2262799_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Federico Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Title: The King’s Road: Diplomacy and the Remaking of the Silk Road
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 173-174
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2262799
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2262799
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# input file: FJDS_A_2273799_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Svenja Flechtner
Author-X-Name-First: Svenja
Author-X-Name-Last: Flechtner
Title: The Reproduction of Inequalities through Educational Aspirations: Evidence from Teenagers in India
Abstract: 
 This paper studies educational aspirations and grade achievements of teenagers in India, using Structural Equation Modelling with data from the Young Lives Study. The analysis differentiates direct effects of relevant socio-economic and individual characteristics on educational output from indirect effects through aspirations. In this sample, some student characteristics – parents’ education, mothers’ caste and the student’s gender – have no direct effect on educational output, but an indirect effect on educational aspirations going through abilities. Students from disadvantaged backgrounds, and in particular girls, are at a disadvantage at age 12 because they have accumulated lower cognitive abilities. Abilities shape aspirations, which then impact educational output beyond the mere effect of abilities. Girls are at a double disadvantage: besides lower average skills at age 12, they developed lower aspirations than boys of the same characteristics. The economic situation of the household was neither directly nor indirectly related with students’ achievements in school. These results help distinguish aspirations as drivers of behaviour from aspirations as correlates of other characteristics, and they have relevant policy implications.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 46-66
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273799
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# input file: FJDS_A_2252139_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Karan Babbar
Author-X-Name-First: Karan
Author-X-Name-Last: Babbar
Author-Name:  Vandana
Author-X-Name-First: 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandana
Author-Name: Ashu Arora
Author-X-Name-First: Ashu
Author-X-Name-Last: Arora
Title: Bleeding at the Margins: Understanding Period Poverty among SC and ST Women Using Decomposition Analysis
Abstract: 
 Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) women in India have relatively lower usage of period products than women of the General category. This paper attempts to understand and uncover the social factors explaining inequalities in the period product usage among these groups. This paper uses data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), conducted in 2019–21, for this study, with a sample of 49,136 SC, 44,392 ST, and 41,045 General caste women in the age group of 15 to 24 years. Using the Fairlie decomposition method, we explain the inequalities in the period product usage between SC, ST, and general categories. Differences in wealth index (SC-Gen: 49.54%; ST-Gen: 46.6%), respondent’s education level (SC-Gen: 22.85%; ST-Gen: 17.3%), watching television (SC-Gen: 09.44%; ST-Gen: 10.1%), reading newspaper (SC-Gen: 08.71%; ST-Gen: 05.09%), and toilet facility (SC-Gen: 06.36%; ST-Gen: 03.05%) account for a large portion of the gap in the period product usage among these groups. Government, policymakers, and NGOs should focus on creating comprehensive menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) programmes, including educational programmes and mass media campaigns, while increasing focus on disadvantaged communities, viz. SCs and STs to make the necessary nudge for girls and women to adopt hygienic menstrual practices.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 131-146
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2252139
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# input file: FJDS_A_2268333_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Marina Svensson
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson
Title: China and the International Human Rights Regime: 1982–2017
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 344-345
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2268333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2268333
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# input file: FJDS_A_2279486_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Loubna Ou-Salah
Author-X-Name-First: Loubna
Author-X-Name-Last: Ou-Salah
Author-Name: Lore Van Praag
Author-X-Name-First: Lore
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Praag
Author-Name: Gert Verschraegen
Author-X-Name-First: Gert
Author-X-Name-Last: Verschraegen
Title: Household Gender Roles and Slow-Onset Environmental Change in Morocco: A Barrier or Driver to Develop Migration Aspirations?
Abstract: 
 We study how slow-onset environmental changes impact the adaptive capacity of rural women living in the Souss-Massa region of Morocco. Given the immobility of many women in rural regions, we especially focus upon the internal migration aspirations of rural woman. In this way our study aims to shed light on the interrelationships between environmental change, gender relations and social and migration aspirations in a gradually environmentally degrading region. Based on Carling’s aspiration/ability model, we analyse how slow-onset environmental changes influence the internal migration aspirations and trajectories of rural women, taking into account important background factors such as household characteristics, land heritage systems and migration networks. Our study is based on 38 interviews with inhabitants of the Souss-Massa region of Morocco that (used to) work in the agricultural sector, of which 15 interviews were conducted with rural women. Our findings show the ambiguous role of slow-onset environmental changes in the development of migration aspirations of rural women in a Moroccan rural context and underscores that environmental changes should be taken into account in migration decision making processes, both for internal and international migration.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 309-323
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2279486
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2279486
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# input file: FJDS_A_2261240_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: I-I
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2261240
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2261240
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# input file: FJDS_A_2279477_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Andy McKay
Author-X-Name-First: Andy
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay
Author-Name: Jukka Pirttilä
Author-X-Name-First: Jukka
Author-X-Name-Last: Pirttilä
Author-Name: Caroline Schimanski
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Schimanski
Title: The Tax Elasticity of Formal Work in Sub-Saharan African Countries
Abstract: 
 When seeking to increase their tax revenues, policy makers face a likely tradeoff between decreasing personal income tax rates (making formalizing more attractive and potentially contributing to revenue) and alternatively raising tax rates (potentially slowing down the formalization of the economy if people prefer informal employment). Evidence on formal versus informal earnings and job characteristics in different sectors is limited in African countries, and in particular very little is known about the impact of tax changes on the extent of informality. This paper therefore estimates the personal income tax responsiveness of the extensive margin of formality, i.e. the propensity to be a formal as opposed to an informal worker, for Ghana, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, using repeated cross-sections of household data and applying grouping estimator techniques. Perhaps because of labour demand constraints and other frictions, the paper finds non-significant relations between the formal employment share and the formal-informal earnings differences.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 217-244
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2279477
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# input file: FJDS_A_2272408_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Iva Peša
Author-X-Name-First: Iva
Author-X-Name-Last: Peša
Title: Inside Mining Capitalism: The Micropolitics of Work on the Congolese and Zambian Copperbelts
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 348-350
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2272408
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2272408
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# input file: FJDS_A_2253984_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Qilin Mao
Author-X-Name-First: Qilin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mao
Author-Name: Jiayun Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Jiayun
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: The Impact of Input Trade Liberalization on the Entry of Foreign Firms: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China
Abstract: 
 This paper integrates trade policy and foreign direct investment into a unified analytical framework, and investigates the effects of input trade liberalization on the entry of foreign firms. To identify the causal effects, we utilize China’s accession to the WTO in 2001 as a quasi-natural experiment, and perform difference-in-difference estimation. The results show that input trade liberalization significantly increases foreign entry. We also find that input trade liberalization not only promotes the entry of new foreign firms, but also restrains the exit of existing foreign firms, thereby contributing to the net growth of the number of foreign firms. The mechanism tests show that increasing variety as well as quality of intermediate input and reduction in marginal cost are the potential channels through which input trade liberalization promotes foreign entry. This paper further demonstrates that institutional environment strengths the positive effect of input trade liberalization on foreign entry, and the promotive effect of input trade liberalization on foreign entry increases with industry import intensity, additionally, input trade liberalization is also conducive to improving the quality of foreign investment.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 267-287
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2253984
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# input file: FJDS_A_2270245_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Pratim Ghosal
Author-X-Name-First: Pratim
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosal
Title: Properties of Rent: Community, Capital and Politics in Globalising Delhi
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 345-347
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2270245
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# input file: FJDS_A_2270831_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Lindsay Mayka
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayka
Title: Why Informal Workers Organize: Contentious Politics, Enforcement, and the State
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 347-348
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2270831
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# input file: FJDS_A_2265526_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Pui-Hang Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Pui-Hang
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: Ortrun Merkle
Author-X-Name-First: Ortrun
Author-X-Name-Last: Merkle
Author-Name: Melissa Siegel
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Siegel
Title: Remittance Receivers as Targets for Corruption in Latin America
Abstract: 
 Migration can affect the practice of corruption in migrant-sending countries in a number of ways. In this paper we test whether or not remittance receiving households are more likely to be targeted for corruption. Using micro-level data from 20 Latin American countries, this study finds that migrant households are about 15 percentage points more likely to be asked for a bribe than non-migrant-sending households. The corruption effect is further confirmed by an instrumental variable estimation. Our findings suggest that remittances can have an unintended effect on households’ risk of experiencing corruption. The excess exposure may discourage remittances and limit the positive development benefits of migration and remittances.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 324-343
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2265526
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2265526
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# input file: FJDS_A_2265523_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Hildebrando Pahula
Author-X-Name-First: Hildebrando
Author-X-Name-Last: Pahula
Author-Name: Sailesh Tanna
Author-X-Name-First: Sailesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanna
Author-Name: Glauco De Vita
Author-X-Name-First: Glauco
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vita
Title: Fiscal Consolidation and Firm Growth in Developing Countries: Evidence from Firm-Level Data
Abstract: 
 Despite a longstanding debate around the economic effects of fiscal consolidation policies, relatively few studies have focused on developing countries, and even fewer have paid attention to the growth implications at firm level. Using a unique narrative dataset based on contemporaneous policy documents to identify changes in fiscal policy aimed at reducing the accumulation of public debt, we investigate the effects of fiscal consolidation on the growth of 118,279 firms in 98 developing countries from 2006 to 2018. The results indicate that a one percentage point increase in fiscal consolidation as a share of GDP leads, on average, to a decline in firm growth of 3.97 percentage points. This decline is reduced when consolidation is large. We also find that debt-driven consolidation based on tax hikes is more contractionary than that based on spending cuts, though this contractionary effect is mitigated when spending cuts exceed 1.5 percent of GDP. While the negative effect of fiscal consolidation on firm performance is more pronounced in large and non-exporting firms, the effect is not statistically important in low-debt-risk developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 245-266
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2265523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2265523
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# input file: FJDS_A_2279483_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Peter Shapland
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Shapland
Author-Name: Annemarie van Paassen
Author-X-Name-First: Annemarie
Author-X-Name-Last: van Paassen
Author-Name: Conny J. M. Almekinders
Author-X-Name-First: Conny J. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Almekinders
Author-Name: Cees Leeuwis
Author-X-Name-First: Cees
Author-X-Name-Last: Leeuwis
Title: Women’s Resistance: An Alternative Perspective to Women’s Participation in Community-Driven Development
Abstract: 
 Community-driven development (CDD) programs compel communities to adopt egalitarian decision-making processes for the duration of the project. However, dominant groups use their power to orchestrate a public performance of social domination and subordinated groups combat social domination via subtle acts of resistance. Rather than conceptualizing social transformation from a holistic perspective that includes subtle acts of resistance and incremental forms of self-empowerment, CDD implementation and monitoring focusses on women’s public performance in community meetings, and this approach generally fails to produce social transformation. We conducted an ethnography of an unconditional direct transfer to a village in Western Mali. We used Bourdieu’s approach to investigate how rural Malian women resist domination and empower themselves in this unfettered CDD project. We observed the women strategically submit to patriarchal forms of domination during the public decision-making processes but resist male domination over their labour. Our results suggest that CDD can better achieve enduring forms of social change when it builds off local women’s self-directed forms of resistance. To better capture women’s resistance and self-empowerment, CDD should adopt a more holistic and open impact assessment approach, such as the Most Significant Change technique and Culturally Responsive Evaluation.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 179-195
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2279483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2279483
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# input file: FJDS_A_2255717_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Nicolas Orgeira Pillai
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Orgeira Pillai
Author-Name: Vanessa van den Boogaard
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Boogaard
Author-Name: Wilson Prichard
Author-X-Name-First: Wilson
Author-X-Name-Last: Prichard
Title: The Politics of Taxation and Tax Reform in Times of Crisis: Covid-19 and Attitudes towards Taxation in Sierra Leone
Abstract: 
 The pandemic has had significant fiscal implications around the world. A key question facing governments is how the pandemic has shaped taxpayer attitudes and what that means for the prospects for tax reform and new revenue raising. We aim to understand the impacts of the pandemic on attitudes toward taxation in Sierra Leone with novel survey data, collected before the pandemic, shortly after the pandemic’s onset, and for almost a year afterwards. Four key findings emerge. First, immediately after the crisis onset we see increased support for taxation in Freetown, despite escalating economic challenges. Second, at the same time that taxpayers show greater general support for taxation they become more likely to believe that one could refuse to pay taxes if government fails to deliver services in return. Third, while we lack baseline data on support for progressive taxation, we find rising and sustained support for it over the course of the pandemic. Finally, although we see an initial increase in willingness to pay more taxes for services, that support erodes over time. These findings have significant implications for understanding both immediate responses to the pandemic, and the broader politics of taxation and tax reform.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 196-216
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2255717
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2255717
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# input file: FJDS_A_2255719_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Xiaodong Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaodong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Yanran Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Yanran
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Title: Social Spillovers of Parental Absence: The Classroom Peer Effects of ‘Left-behind’ Children on Household Human Capital Investments in Rural China
Abstract: 
 While the human capital consequences of rural-to-urban migration on left-behind children have been well-documented in developing countries, there is limited evidence regarding the social spillovers of parental migration on households without parent-child separation. This study investigates the effects of migration-induced left-behind children on household human capital investments in their non-left-behind peers. Leveraging the random student-class assignment within middle schools in rural China, we find that the share of left-behind children in class has significant negative impacts on household financial and time investments in non-left-behind classmates, especially out-of-school education expenditure. We also find heterogeneous effects demonstrating that the adverse spillovers are relatively larger among students who are boys, in grade nine, and from low socioeconomic status families. Further, our results suggest that exposure to left-behind classmates adversely affects non-left-behind students’ perceived quality of school life, cognitive and noncognitive skills, and their parents’ beliefs about returns of human capital investments. We interpret these findings as candidate mechanisms underlying the associations between parental absence and household investments in non-left-behind children. Our study sheds new light on the ‘costs’ of rural-to-urban migration in sending areas, which include not only welfare loss to families being left behind but negative spillover effects on non-left-behind households.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 288-308
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2255719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2255719
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# input file: FJDS_A_2282367_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Margherita Squarcina
Author-X-Name-First: Margherita
Author-X-Name-Last: Squarcina
Author-Name: Donato Romano
Author-X-Name-First: Donato
Author-X-Name-Last: Romano
Title: Identifying the COVID-19 Transmission Channels on Poverty and Food Security in Refugee-Hosting Districts of Uganda
Abstract: 
 It is well documented that COVID-19 increased poverty and food insecurity all over the world, especially in fragile contexts. However, it is still unclear how its effects were transmitted to these two outcomes. This paper aims to identify the mechanisms through which COVID-19 affected poverty and food insecurity in refugee-hosting districts in Uganda. We use path analysis with household fixed effects to identify the main pathways, differentiating between refugee and host households, and considering the heterogeneity among them in terms of income source (agricultural vs. non-agricultural households), and market position (food net-buyers vs. net-sellers vs. self-sufficient households). The analysis shows that COVID-19 significantly affected labour participation and increased food value chain disruption, increasing poverty and food insecurity. Refugees have been affected more than hosts by the COVID-19 direct and indirect effects. Host households could benefit from the increase in food prices, while refugees were mainly affected by the effect on the labour market. As expected, net-buyers are the group most affected by food value chain disruption and, along with non-agricultural households, the ones that were most affected in terms of food security.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 457-478
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2282367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2282367
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# input file: FJDS_A_2282364_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Marco d’Errico
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: d’Errico
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Author-Name: Donato Romano
Author-X-Name-First: Donato
Author-X-Name-Last: Romano
Title: Assessing Uganda’s Progressive Refugee Policy in the Era of COVID-19: Introduction to the Special Issue
Abstract: 
 Uganda is home to 1.5 million refugees from DRC, Burundi, South Sudan and other countries. The Uganda political framework is one of the most progressive and inclusive toward refugees. Only a fraction of the refugees is likely to revert to their home countries. The papers collected in this special issue assess Uganda’s progressive refugee policy with reference to how it functioned in the era of COVID-19 using a unique panel data collected between 2017 and 2021. The findings of the special issue stress that the support to refugees and hosts is helping to manage daily challenges but not to ultimately get them out of poverty. Further, this support was insufficient to provide a comprehensive response to COVID-19. For the long-term sustainable integration and development, new policy approaches are needed.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 351-359
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2282364
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2282364
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# input file: FJDS_A_2282368_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Marco d’Errico
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: d’Errico
Author-Name: Ellestina Jumbe
Author-X-Name-First: Ellestina
Author-X-Name-Last: Jumbe
Author-Name: Lauren Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver
Author-Name: Rebecca Pietrelli
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrelli
Author-Name: Irene Staffieri
Author-X-Name-First: Irene
Author-X-Name-Last: Staffieri
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Transfers as a Means to Mitigate COVID-19 Impacts on Food Security: Evidence from Refugee and Host Communities Uganda
Abstract: 
 Uganda is home to some 1.5 million refugees. Its self-reliance policy welcomes refugees with freedom of movement and work; a piece of land for building a house and home-gardening; and social protection (food and cash transfers). While a progressive refugee policy, the onset of COVID-19 may complicate its effectiveness. This paper investigates the role of food and cash transfers in meeting negative consequences of the pandemic for both host and refugee communities. We do so by using a unique panel dataset covering the period from 2019 to 2021. Our evidence suggests that although transfers were widely used in refugee settlements prior to COVID-19, their use did not expand within the refugee nor host communities at the onset of the pandemic and, in fact, the transfer amounts declined. The evidence does not suggest that either form of transfer has a strong effect on food security or resilience although there is some evidence that cash transfers facilitate resilience. However, food transfers are associated with maintaining or increasing food security while cash transfers are more closely associated with resilience. Furthermore, food transfer seem to outperform cash transfers in responding to COVID-19 particularly when income loss due to COVID-19 is reported.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 432-456
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2282368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2282368
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# input file: FJDS_A_2282366_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Marina Mastrorillo
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Mastrorillo
Author-Name: Antonio Scognamillo
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Scognamillo
Author-Name: Adriana Ignaciuk
Author-X-Name-First: Adriana
Author-X-Name-Last: Ignaciuk
Title: Training Refugees: Lights and Shadows in the Context of the Self-Reliance Strategy Implemented in Uganda
Abstract: 
 Uganda currently hosts about 1.5 million refugees. Only a fraction is likely to revert to their home countries. Therefore, a key policy question is how to help the displaced communities to integrate into Uganda’s economic system. One strategy to integrate the refugees in the local economy is to provide them trainings on agricultural production or off-farm business opportunities. This study, using panel data coming from the Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMA) survey, estimates the causal impact of training activities on refugees’ food security and market access. Potential endogeneity issues are addressed through an instrumental variable approach. Results indicate that, on average, agricultural training increases both market access and food security. However, disentangling thmic, the findings highlight substantial differences across population sub-groups. The impact of business training, instead, is never statistically different from zero, except for the households experiencing economic losses due to COVID-19, who mainly benefit in terms of food security. These results highlight the existence of challenges to integrate the refugees in the national economy and indicate that training activities are necessary but not sufficient to reach self-reliance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 406-431
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2282366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2282366
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# input file: FJDS_A_2282363_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Lauren Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver
Author-Name: Marco D’Errico
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Errico
Author-Name: Paul Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Economic Integration between Refugee Settlements and Host Communities
Abstract: 
 With 1.5 million refugees and a refugee policy that promotes long-term settlement and self-sufficiency, understanding the impact of refugees on host communities in Uganda is a critical issue. Of particular concern – not only in Uganda, but all refugee-hosting countries – is the economic impact of refugees; while refugees attract aid money into the local economy, the mass distribution of in-kind goods can drive local prices and wages down. Moreover, little is known about the role of economic integration between refugees and hosts, especially in situations of protracted displacement. Using a mixed methods approach with panel survey data and semi-structured interviews, we show significant integration between refugees and hosts that is widely perceived as positive. Results indicate that refugees provide goods and services at lower costs to hosts and often of higher quality than found elsewhere. Yet, these interactions, especially through markets, create competition and may lower prices and wages since proximity to refugees is associated with lower host labor participation and earnings from crop production. The net welfare effect for hosts of being close to refugees are found to be ambiguous.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 360-379
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2282363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2282363
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# input file: FJDS_A_2282362_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Giulia Malevolti
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Malevolti
Author-Name: Donato Romano
Author-X-Name-First: Donato
Author-X-Name-Last: Romano
Title: Poverty Dynamics and Poverty Traps among Refugee and Host Communities in Uganda
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses poverty dynamics and checks for the existence of poverty traps among refugee and host communities living close to each other in Uganda. Although some non-linearities emerge in asset dynamics, there is convergence towards one stable equilibrium for the whole sample that suggests the existence of a structural poverty trap. However, households are quite heterogeneous: when analysing refugees and hosts separately, refugees converge to a lower own-group equilibrium than hosts. The household size and education are asset growth enablers for both communities. Noticeably, access to land, past history and social cohesion are also significant correlates of refugees’ asset dynamics. From a policy perspective, structural poverty traps are bad news, because standard anti-poverty interventions would not unlock the trap. Our results stress the need of more structural approaches aimed at promoting economic growth in the whole area where refugee and host communities live, targeting both communities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 380-405
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2282362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2282362
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# input file: FJDS_A_2312833_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Carlo Lombardo
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lombardo
Author-Name: Lucía Ramírez Leira
Author-X-Name-First: Lucía
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramírez Leira
Author-Name: Leonardo Gasparini
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gasparini
Title: Does the Minimum Wage Affect Wage Inequality? A Study for the Six Largest Latin American Economies
Abstract: 
 Minimum wage (MW) policies are widespread in the developing world and yet their effects are still unclear. In this paper we explore the effect of national MW policies in Latin America’s six largest economies by exploiting the heterogeneity in the bite of the national minimum wage across local labor markets and over time. We find evidence that the MW has a compression effect on the wage distribution of formal workers. The effect was particularly large during the 2000s, a decade of sustained growth and strong labor markets. In contrast, the effect seems to vanish in the 2010s, a decade of much weaker labor markets. We also find suggestive evidence of a lighthouse effect: the MW seems to have an equalizing effect also on the wage distribution of informal workers.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 494-510
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2312833
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2312833
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# input file: FJDS_A_2314120_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Rodrigo Gorga
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorga
Author-Name: Martín Leites
Author-X-Name-First: Martín
Author-X-Name-Last: Leites
Author-Name: Andrea Vigorito
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Vigorito
Title: Visible Consumption, Income Inequality and Social Comparisons. Evidence from Four Latin American Countries
Abstract: 
 Increased conspicuous consumption motivated by status-seeking behavior can undermine the gains in well-being derived from economic growth. Using expenditure surveys from Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay, we assess visible consumption motivated by status seeking behaviour, analyzing different hypotheses about the role of externalities driven by social comparisons and income inequality. Specifically, we provide evidence for the relevance of different reference groups, assessing comparisons with richer (Veblen effects), poorer and similar profile groups (Duesenberry effects). We show that individuals are affected by multiple reference groups. Regarding between-group inequality, we find that individuals mainly seek to differentiate themselves from poorer groups, rather than imitating richer ones. In all cases, average reference group income of similar profile individuals is negatively related to visible consumption. Meanwhile, within-reference group responses are relevant in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico: increased visible goods consumption is associated with larger relative income gaps. In Argentina and Brazil, the sensitivity of visible goods expenditures to income is higher among households located above the reference threshold, which is consistent, again, with more affluent households trying to signal status by differentiating themselves from the most deprived group members. Meanwhile, in the case of Mexico, there is a symmetric response.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 511-532
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2314120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2314120
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# input file: FJDS_A_2273591_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fergus O’Leary Simpson
Author-X-Name-First: Fergus
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Leary Simpson
Title: Conflict Minerals Inc. War, Profit and White Saviourism in Eastern Congo
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 639-640
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2273591
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# input file: FJDS_A_2312827_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Dominik Naeher
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Naeher
Author-Name: Raghavan Narayanan
Author-X-Name-First: Raghavan
Author-X-Name-Last: Narayanan
Author-Name: Virginia Ziulu
Author-X-Name-First: Virginia
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziulu
Title: Cash for Coolers or Sustainable Lighting? Assessing Different Components of a Large-Scale Energy Efficiency Program in Mexico
Abstract: 
 In one of the largest demand-side energy efficiency programs at the time, the Mexican government supported more than 11 million, mostly low-income households in replacing their old light bulbs and appliances with more efficient models. Previous evaluations of this program focused exclusively on appliances, which made up almost 90 per cent of the total program cost, and found modest benefits in terms of energy savings. This study compares the respective effects of replacing light bulbs and appliances simultaneously in a single econometric framework, using data from nationally representative household surveys and a difference-in-differences approach which exploits geographical variation in treatment intensities. Despite using different sources and types of data, our results for the appliances replacement intervention are largely in line with the estimates of previous studies. In addition, we find that the impact on energy consumption (proxied by the amount paid for electricity) of replacing light bulbs was of comparable magnitude as that of replacing appliances, although the average cost per participating household was much smaller. Overall, our results suggest that low-cost investments that help poor households reduce their energy consumption for lighting can have high returns on energy efficiency in the residential sector.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 479-493
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2312827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2312827
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# input file: FJDS_A_2275409_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Sebastian Heinen
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinen
Title: Political Settlements and Development: Theory, Evidence, Implications
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 642-644
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2275409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2275409
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# input file: FJDS_A_2284681_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Francis Andrianarison
Author-X-Name-First: Francis
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrianarison
Title: Spatial Poverty in Benin: Human Capital, Isolation and Governance
Abstract: 
 Benin has witnessed significant economic growth over the past decades, positioning itself as a rising economy in the west African subregion. This notwithstanding, persistent subnational differences in poverty were observed, suggesting a challenge of growth inclusiveness. This study provides evidence on the effects of human capital differences, isolation, and institutional quality on the determinants of household expenditure and factors that explain the southern-northern welfare gaps. This study employs a decomposition technique based on re-centred influence functions. I find significant spatial differences in consumption expenditure at the mean and across selected quantiles, with an increasing gap along welfare distribution and driven largely by differences in the returns to households’ endowments in social public infrastructure. Access to energy and human capital measured by the education level of the head of the household generally favours the rich in the leading region and contributed significantly to explaining the difference in the welfare gap. The difference in access to roads widens the gap for the poor, whereas governance quality at the local level reduces it. To reduce the poverty gap, a public policy to improve returns of household endowments in the social sector should be integrated with other initiatives to address the underlying determinants of inequalities.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 615-636
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2284681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2284681
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# input file: FJDS_A_2272409_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Alessandra Mezzadri
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Mezzadri
Title: Gender and Work in Global Value Chains: Capturing the Gains?
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 637-639
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2272409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2272409
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# input file: FJDS_A_2286894_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Vardan Baghdasaryan
Author-X-Name-First: Vardan
Author-X-Name-Last: Baghdasaryan
Author-Name: Arsine Sarikyan
Author-X-Name-First: Arsine
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarikyan
Title: Location-Based Tax Incentives for Non-Farm Rural Enterprises in Armenia
Abstract: 
 The paper analyses the effect of location-based tax incentives on rural non-farm small business performance in Armenia. It uses administrative panel data for the population of the registered taxpayers in the areas concerned, and the vast tax exemptions are granted for businesses operating in the selected set of border communities. Using an ‘event study’-style difference-in-differences fixed effects estimator we initially find a negative effect of tax exemptions on the reported gross income of the affected enterprises and a positive effect on employment, mainly driven by a smaller subset of non-trade firms. To uncover these inconsistent results, we consider a possible channel for decreased reported revenues – changes in audit probabilities for the exempt businesses. Indeed, introducing controls for predicted audit probability eliminates the negative effects on gross revenues, while the positive effect on the number of employees persists, with even increased magnitudes. Gross income under-reporting incentives could emerge in the supply chain where the suppliers might be inclined not to report their sales thus inducing the exempted businesses to under-report their incomes as well. Given the short pre-treatment data, the long-term development common trend of treated and control communities is verified using satellite data on night-time illumination.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 553-573
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2286894
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2286894
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# input file: FJDS_A_2273801_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Martin Paul Tabe-Ojong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Tabe-Ojong
Author-Name: Ernest L. Molua
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molua
Title: Oil Palm Production and Educational Outcomes: Gender-Differentiated Evidence from Cameroon
Abstract: 
 Oil palm production continues to expand in many developing countries in the tropics. Its expansion has been associated with economic gains, but oil palm production could also have immense social implications, especially affecting human capital development with significant labour implications. We use a farm household dataset from a native but emerging oil palm production zone, Cameroon to examine the relationship between oil palm production and child educational outcomes such as enrollment rate, attendance rate and the number of school days missed. Using different analytical techniques, we show that oil palm production is positively associated with the enrollment rates of both boys and girls. We do not find any statistical relationship between oil palm production and attendance rates by gender. However, we find evidence of a strong negative association between oil palm production and the number of school days missed by boys. That is, oil palm production is associated with more school days attended by boys. Exploring the mechanism that could be explaining these results, we show that households may be investing the income gains from oil palm production in the human capital development of their children. Our results are robust over different regression estimators and alternative specifications. We also show that the results are unlikely to be driven by omitted variable bias. These findings have implications on whether oil palm production could stir integrated growth and human capital development, especially in rural areas.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 596-614
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2273801
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# input file: FJDS_A_2286891_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Tiago Loncan
Author-X-Name-First: Tiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Loncan
Title: Killing Growth: Homicides and Corporate Investment in Brazil
Abstract: 
 We examine the effects of violent crime on corporate investment and financing decisions of Brazilian firms. Exploring city variation in homicides, we find that an increase in the growth rate of homicides is associated with significantly lower corporate investments, with lower labour investments, and with a higher likelihood of layoffs. Spikes in violent crime are also associated with more conservative financing policies, reflected in higher cash holdings, in lower R&D (research and development) expenditures, and in lower dividend payments. Homicides further affect investment efficiency and financing choices, decoupling investment from debt finance and profitability. Moreover, the negative association between homicides and investment is significantly stronger in smaller firms, which highlights the uneven costs of violent crime in reducing firm growth.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 533-552
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2286891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2286891
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# input file: FJDS_A_2291325_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Pascale Schnitzer
Author-X-Name-First: Pascale
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnitzer
Author-Name: Quentin Stoeffler
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoeffler
Title: Targeting Social Safety Nets: Evidence from Nine Programs in the Sahel
Abstract: 
 This paper analyzes household data from nine programs in the Sahel region using a harmonized approach to compare Proxy-Means Testing (PMT) and Community-Based Targeting (CBT) as conducted in practice, once geographical targeting has been applied. Results show that the targeting performance measured depends critically on the definition of the targeting objectives, share of beneficiaries selected, and indices used to evaluate targeting. While PMT performs better in reaching the poorest households based on per capita consumption, it differs little from CBT, random or universal selection when distribution-sensitive measures are employed, or when food security is used as the welfare metric. Administrative costs associated with targeting represent only a small share of budgets. Results emphasize the importance of studying programs as implemented in practice instead of relying on simulations of targeting performance. They also suggest that PMT and CBT contribute little to poverty or food insecurity reduction efforts in poor and homogeneous settings.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 574-595
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2291325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2291325
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# input file: FJDS_A_2273592_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Michiel Baas
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel
Author-X-Name-Last: Baas
Title: Dreams of Flight, The Lives of Chinese Women Students in the West
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 641-642
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2273592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2273592
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# input file: FJDS_A_2284673_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Cristina Corduneanu-Huci
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Corduneanu-Huci
Author-Name: Michael T. Dorsch
Author-X-Name-First: Michael T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dorsch
Author-Name: Paul Maarek
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Maarek
Title: Policy Evaluation in Polarized Polities: The Case of Randomized Controlled Trials
Abstract: 
 This paper provides a political-economic analysis of policy evaluation. We focus on Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) as a subset of policy evaluations and argue that they are used instrumentally by decision-makers in order to improve perceptions of reforms and help secure policy legacy. We theorize that this ’credibility premium’ is more valuable for incumbents in politically polarized societies, which we empirically examine using two methods. First, we provide a series of vignettes of prominent randomized evaluations embedded by governments in policy roll-outs and a detailed case study of the Liberian government’s decision to commission a third-party RCT evaluation of a proposed primary school privatization reform. Second, we have compiled a unique cross-country panel data set on RCTs in development policy since 1996, with which we demonstrate that RCTs are more likely to occur in polarized societies, and that the effect is amplified by the degree of political competition.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 645-661
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2284673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2284673
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# input file: FJDS_A_2284678_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Shireen Kanji
Author-X-Name-First: Shireen
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanji
Author-Name: Fiona Carmichael
Author-X-Name-First: Fiona
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmichael
Author-Name: Christian Darko
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Darko
Author-Name: Richmond Egyei
Author-X-Name-First: Richmond
Author-X-Name-Last: Egyei
Author-Name: Nicholas Vasilakos
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasilakos
Title: The Impact of Early Marriage on the Life Satisfaction, Education and Subjective Health of Young Women in India: A Longitudinal Analysis
Abstract: 
 Despite progress in reducing rates of early marriage, it is still a widespread practice in India accounting for 30 per cent of the world’s early marriages. Understanding its impacts is thus of high importance to global gender equality goals. This article examines the impact of early marriage on multi-dimensional aspects of well-being: life satisfaction, subjectively assessed health and educational attainment. Difference-in-differences analysis with propensity score matching examines causal effects using Young Lives Study data. The analysis shows women who married early experience a trajectory of lower life satisfaction which is in evidence before marriage, even at age 12, persisting until the latest survey at age 22. There is no evidence of a causal negative effect of early marriage on life satisfaction; the relationship is more complicated, linked to trajectories of deprivation which commence from a very young age. In contrast, early marriage negatively affects women’s self-reported health and educational attainment by age 22.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 705-723
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2284678
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2284678
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# input file: FJDS_A_2278955_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ding Fei
Author-X-Name-First: Ding
Author-X-Name-Last: Fei
Title: They Eat Our Sweat: Transport Labor, Corruption, and Everyday Survival in Urban Nigeria
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 809-810
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2278955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2278955
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# input file: FJDS_A_2312845_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Kartik Misra
Author-X-Name-First: Kartik
Author-X-Name-Last: Misra
Author-Name: Deepankar Basu
Author-X-Name-First: Deepankar
Author-X-Name-Last: Basu
Title: To Reform and to Procure: An Analysis of the Role of the State and the Market in Indian Agriculture
Abstract: 
 Since the early 2000s, some Indian states started allowing private traders to buy directly from farmers outside the state-regulated market system. The experience of these states can shed light on the impact of market-oriented reforms and the role of public procurement. Using individual-level National Sample Survey Data on agricultural wages and a new dataset on state-level average real farm income per cultivator for 18 major Indian states between 1987–2012, this paper shows, using both a difference-in-difference and a triple difference framework, that marketing reforms alone did not contribute to higher farm incomes and agricultural wages. However, when these reforms were coupled with public procurement at the minimum support price, farm incomes and agricultural wages significantly improved. Our results suggest that market-reforms and public procurement at minimum support prices were complements which together contributed to raising rural incomes in states like Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 724-744
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2312845
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2312845
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# input file: FJDS_A_2297644_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Shyamal Chowdhury
Author-X-Name-First: Shyamal
Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury
Author-Name: Muhammad Nahian Bin Khaled
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Nahian
Author-X-Name-Last: Bin Khaled
Author-Name: Debdulal Mallick
Author-X-Name-First: Debdulal
Author-X-Name-Last: Mallick
Author-Name: Kalyani Raghunathan
Author-X-Name-First: Kalyani
Author-X-Name-Last: Raghunathan
Author-Name: Shahidur Rashid
Author-X-Name-First: Shahidur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rashid
Title: Resilience of Social Transfer Programs to Large Unexpected Shocks
Abstract: 
 Large, unexpected shocks are becoming more frequent, making the design of robust social transfer programs more vital than ever. We evaluate the performance of the Food Friendly Program (FFP), the largest in-kind social transfer program in Bangladesh, before and during the nation-wide COVID-19 lockdown. Using two-rounds of nationally representative household surveys combined with administrative data, we document that high leakages and large welfare losses are related to corruption. This contrasts with the performance of the pre-lockdown FFP, when leakage was low and coverage high. We then compare the performance of the FFP with two initiatives launched following the pandemic: an in-kind and cash transfer program, respectively. These programs have markedly higher levels of leakage than the FFP. Our findings are relevant to other large shocks, such as those caused by climate change, and have important policy implications for the design and delivery of transfer programs in developing countries characterized by institutional weaknesses.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 788-805
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2297644
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2297644
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# input file: FJDS_A_2312832_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fenella Carpena
Author-X-Name-First: Fenella
Author-X-Name-Last: Carpena
Title: Entertainment-Education for Better Health: Insights from a Field Experiment in India
Abstract: 
 Entertainment-education has been touted as a potent delivery channel for health education campaigns. Yet, there is little evidence of its causal effects. This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature by using a field experiment in India to study two questions on the efficacy of health entertainment-education. First, can health entertainment-education, particularly through films that show role models and draw on emotions, lead to lasting, positive change in health knowledge and behavior? Second, can financial incentives for ex-post health literacy boost the effectiveness of health entertainment-education? The results show that health entertainment-education successfully increased health knowledge (e.g. knowledge about cleanliness and hygiene) by 16 percent. These gains persist almost one year later, although there were no observed impacts on health behaviors. Further, financial incentives do not appear to have any effects. These insights contribute to our knowledge of what works for health education in low-income settings, so that future education campaigns can be crafted with more meaningful impact.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 745-762
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2312832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2312832
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# input file: FJDS_A_2286890_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Savannah Adkins
Author-X-Name-First: Savannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Adkins
Title: Shifting the Balance: Examining the Impact of Local Labor Market Opportunities on Female Household Bargaining Power in India
Abstract: 
 There has been considerable interest in studying the effect of female labor market outcomes on intrahousehold bargaining. This paper examines the effects of local labor market opportunities in India on a variety of female bargaining characteristics, including domestic violence and intrahousehold discussion of important issues. Specifically, I utilize district-level data on employment in various occupations to calculate an employment shift-share index that proxies gender-specific labor demand. I find that improvements in labor market conditions for women lead to a decrease in perceptions of domestic violence, whereas improvements in predicted demand for male employment have little or negative effects on women’s household bargaining power. When disaggregated by indicators of initial bargaining power, women that have lower levels of initial bargaining power either see no effect on bargaining or experience a backlash effect.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 685-704
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2286890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2286890
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# input file: FJDS_A_2278956_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Laura Ballerini
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Ballerini
Title: Viral Frictions: Global Health and the Persistence of HIV Stigma in Kenya
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 810-812
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2278956
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2278956
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# input file: FJDS_A_2319069_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Sudipa Sarkar
Author-X-Name-First: Sudipa
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarkar
Title: Local Crime and Early Marriage: Evidence from India
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses whether living in a locality with high crime against women affects the probability of early marriage—that is, marriage before the legal age of marriage of girls. Using a nationally representative longitudinal data set and tackling the potential endogeneity of local crime rates, we find that perceived crime against women in the locality significantly increases the likelihood of early marriage of girls, while there is no such effect on boys of comparable age group. We also find no such effect of gender-neutral crimes (such as theft and robbery) on the likelihood of early marriage of girls. Moreover, we find that the relationship holds only in conservative households where the purdah system is practised, and also in the northern region of India, where patriarchal culture and gender norms are stronger than in the southern region. A sensitivity analysis assessing the potential impact of unobservable confounders suggests that our estimates are unlikely to be affected by omitted variable bias.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 763-787
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2319069
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2319069
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# input file: FJDS_A_2277003_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Jane Esberg
Author-X-Name-First: Jane
Author-X-Name-Last: Esberg
Title: Undue Process: Persecution and Punishment in Autocratic Courts
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 807-809
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2277003
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2277003
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# input file: FJDS_A_2284665_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Maria Perrotta Berlin
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Perrotta
Author-X-Name-Last: Berlin
Author-Name: Evelina Bonnier
Author-X-Name-First: Evelina
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnier
Author-Name: Anders Olofsgård
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Olofsgård
Title: Foreign Aid and Female Empowerment
Abstract: 
 We estimate the community-level impact of foreign aid projects on women’s empowerment in the country with the most complete recent record of geo-coded aid project placement, Malawi. Our estimates can thus be interpreted as the average impact of aid from many different donors and diverse projects. We find that aid in general has a positive impact, in particular on an index of female agency and women’s sexual and fertility preferences. Gender-targeted aid has a further positive impact on women’s sexual and fertility preferences, and more tentatively on an index focusing on gender-based violence. However, the positive impact of gender-targeted aid disappears in patrilineal communities, and men’s attitudes towards female agency in the areas of sexuality and fertility are even negatively affected. This suggests that donors need to consider that the impact of aid on female empowerment can depend on the community context when they decide on aid project design and placement.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 662-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2284665
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2284665
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# input file: FJDS_A_2275411_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fikir G. Haile
Author-X-Name-First: Fikir G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Haile
Title: Everyday Practices of State Building in Ethiopia: Power, Scale, Performativity
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 806-807
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2275411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2275411
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# input file: FJDS_A_2291318_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Tianyu Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Tianyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Tuo Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Tuo
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Yu Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Education Empowers Residential Energy Transition: Causal Evidence from Compulsory Schooling Reform in China
Abstract: 
 Ensuring access to modern energy for all is a fundamental aim of Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7). Whereas education is often considered important in supporting the energy transition, there is limited empirical evidence to confirm this causal relationship. Using microdata from the 2010 census, this study investigates the causal impact of education on the adoption of clean cooking fuels in rural China. To address the challenge of endogeneity, an instrumental variable (IV) approach was adopted, based on the enactment of compulsory schooling laws (CSLs) in China. Individuals’ educational choices are driven by their exposure to these CSLs, which vary across cohorts and provincial regions. The results show that an additional year of schooling significantly reduces biomass use by 6.1% and increases the adoption of clean fuels by 5.9%. The positive impact of education is more pronounced in less developed regions. These findings suggest that strengthening education can be a crucial policy tool for mitigating air pollution, particularly in developing countries.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 914-931
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2291318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2291318
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# input file: FJDS_A_2284662_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Tongwei Qiu
Author-X-Name-First: Tongwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Qiu
Author-Name: Xinjie Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Xinjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Yifei Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yifei
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Biliang Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Biliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Title: Economic Performance of Fiscal anti-Poverty Funds in China
Abstract: 
 In 2013, China launched her targeted poverty alleviation, and a large amount of fiscal anti-poverty funds have been invested. However, whether the enormous fiscal anti-poverty funds have had a positive impact on the local economy has been ambiguous. This study investigates the impact of fiscal anti-poverty funds on local economic growth, drawing on Chinese fiscal data at the county level. Our results indicate that fiscal anti-poverty funds are not conducive to local economic growth. Further analysis reveals that anti-poverty funds reduce fiscal support for the service industry, manufacturing industry, enterprise development, and technical innovation. This is because impoverished counties are forced to supply extra fiscal anti-poverty funds, which leads to compression of fiscal expenditures in other areas due to local deficient finance.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 895-913
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2284662
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2284662
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# input file: FJDS_A_2343500_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Referees 2023
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 981-984
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2343500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2343500
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# input file: FJDS_A_2286783_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Luis Felipe Mantilla
Author-X-Name-First: Luis Felipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Mantilla
Title: Evangelicals and Electoral Politics in Latin America: A Kingdom of This World
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 976-978
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2286783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2286783
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: FJDS_A_2312831_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Huaxin Wang-Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Huaxin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang-Lu
Author-Name: Flavio Comim
Author-X-Name-First: Flavio
Author-X-Name-Last: Comim
Author-Name: Octasiano Miguel Valerio Mendoza
Author-X-Name-First: Octasiano Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Valerio Mendoza
Title: Valuing Children: Parents’ Perceptions, Spending Priorities and Children’s Capabilities
Abstract: 
 This paper provides a composite analysis of children’s academic development grounded on the capability approach. The study utilises a panel dataset comprising 8,422 Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 16, observed between 2012 and 2018. It introduces a series of innovative indicators, including a parent advantage index to capture how parents influence their children and a ranking indicator for spending priorities to reify the value of children’s education that families have reasoned. To address unobserved heterogeneity, we adopted fixed-effects models, multilevel modelling, and heteroskedasticity-based instrumental variables. Our primary results show that a 1% increase in the parent advantage index yields an increase of 13.85% to 21.31% in children’s academic development, and the biggest leap in prioritising education-relevant spending increases the child outcomes by 2.88% to 6.57%. By highlighting the influence of parents’ beings and doings, particularly the value they assign to education, this research contributes to the existing literature on child development, which often focuses predominantly on material dimensions. In sum, it expands the frontiers of the capability approach and related research on parental practices. It offers novel insights into how policies can be reinforced to equalise educational opportunities and to boost human capital.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 932-955
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2312831
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2312831
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# input file: FJDS_A_2287311_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Erum A. Haider
Author-X-Name-First: Erum A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Haider
Title: Seeking Supremacy: The Pursuit of Judicial Power in Pakistan
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 978-980
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2287311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2287311
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: FJDS_A_2307038_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Lena Kuhn
Author-X-Name-First: Lena
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuhn
Author-Name: Ihtiyor Bobojonov
Author-X-Name-First: Ihtiyor
Author-X-Name-Last: Bobojonov
Author-Name: Laura Moritz
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz
Title: Being Well-in with the Joneses? A Lab-in-the-Field Experiment on Conspicuous Consumption among Rural Communities
Abstract: 
 Conspicuous consumption, specialised consumption of high visibility but without apparent economic benefit, is reducing investment in productive assets and thus hindering economic development in low-income countries. In previous research, the phenomenon was commonly explained by status-seeking and herding behaviour. Our study follows a novel angle in testing the role of risk sharing, assuming that investment into social status is perceived to increase access to informal credits in times of crises. We conduct a random-effects hurdle model along a lab-in-the-field experiment along a sample of 197 wheat farmers in Uzbekistan, a country characterised by high levels of risk and uncertainty. Within our experimental setup, both risk attitude and real-life risk management decision are found to be significant determinants of conspicuous consumption. Our findings support the notion of a complex decision-making process with risk sharing as one important motivator. Providing first empirical evidence on the topic, our findings have implications beyond our narrowly defined study case: We argue that strengthening options of formal risk-sharing tools might remove one of the motivators for conspicuous consumption; thus, it could improve the economic welfare of low-income households worldwide by allowing for more productive investment of scarce financial resources.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 956-974
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2307038
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2307038
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# input file: FJDS_A_2312830_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ella Kirchner
Author-X-Name-First: Ella
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirchner
Author-Name: Oliver Musshoff
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Musshoff
Title: Be Happy, Be Loyal? Exploring Drivers for Renewal of Mobile-Delivered Index Insurance
Abstract: 
 Agricultural microinsurance is a promising risk management tool for smallholder farmers. However, adoption rates remain low and only a small share of farmers renew their policy after the first period. With the increasing availability of cell phones, mobile-delivered insurance is gaining importance on the market. As for any agricultural microinsurance, it is essential for the longevity of a mobile-delivered insurance scheme to retain a solid customer base. To date, it is unknown what drives the decision to renew a mobile-delivered agricultural microinsurance policy. We address this question by performing mean comparisons and logistic regressions based on primary data collected from 479 smallholder farmers in Mali who purchased a mobile-delivered weather index-based insurance in 2020. Results show that the level of satisfaction with the insurance product was considerably higher among farmers who renewed. We found low levels of understanding of the product among all clients, but especially among those who did not renew. Both factors were confirmed as drivers for renewal. Consistent with previous findings, receiving a payout had the strongest effect on the decision to renew. We conclude that additional measures to foster client satisfaction as well as to promote understanding of agricultural insurance among smallholder farmers are highly recommended.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 831-847
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2312830
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2312830
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# input file: FJDS_A_2307041_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Mahamat Moustapha
Author-X-Name-First: Mahamat
Author-X-Name-Last: Moustapha
Title: International Remittances, Domestic Sharing, and Income Inequality in Senegal
Abstract: 
 This study examines the impact of international remittances on internal cash transfers in Senegal using instrumental variable analysis with a large sample of individuals aged 13 and above. The findings reveal a direct internal sharing effect of international remittances. Individuals receiving such remittances are 26 per cent more likely to make internal cash transfers, with wealthier recipients showing a stronger propensity. Notably, the poorest individuals benefit the most. When international remittances and internal cash transfers coexist, the Gini index is 3 percentage points lower than in scenarios without international remittances and 9.2 percentage points lower than in scenarios with international remittances but no internal sharing, emphasizing their redistributive nature. These results hold across recipient locations and various econometric approaches.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 848-873
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2307041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2307041
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# input file: FJDS_A_2283986_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Emily Brownell
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Brownell
Title: The City Electric: Infrastructure and Ingenuity in Postsocialist Tanzania
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 975-976
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2283986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2283986
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: FJDS_A_2291320_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Bob Baulch
Author-X-Name-First: Bob
Author-X-Name-Last: Baulch
Author-Name: Seng Kiong Kok
Author-X-Name-First: Seng Kiong
Author-X-Name-Last: Kok
Author-Name: Aubrey Jolex
Author-X-Name-First: Aubrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Jolex
Title: A New Approach to Monitoring Farmer Prices: Method and an Application to Malawi
Abstract: 
 This paper proposes a new approach to monitoring farmer prices in low-income developing countries. This crowdsourcing approach involves broadcasting radio jingles inviting farmers to report the prices and locations at which they sold their crops to a toll-free call centre, with weekly prizes to incentivize reporting. An application to Malawi illustrates the feasibility of this approach in a setting where internet connectivity is limited but mobile phone coverage is reasonable. The majority of farmers reporting sold to assemblers or small traders and received substantially less than official minimum farm gate prices. Non-parametric analysis shows that farmer prices vary according to bargaining power and sales volume but not by distance to the point of sale. These findings may be explained by the fragmented and monopsonistic nature of food markets in Malawi, and farmers’ mode of transport to the point of sale.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 874-894
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2023.2291320
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2023.2291320
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:60:y:2024:i:6:p:874-894



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: FJDS_A_2319072_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Isabelle Baltenweck
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Baltenweck
Author-Name: Esther L. Achandi
Author-X-Name-First: Esther L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Achandi
Author-Name: Renee Marie Bullock
Author-X-Name-First: Renee Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Bullock
Author-Name: Zoe A. Campbell
Author-X-Name-First: Zoe A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell
Author-Name: Todd A. Crane
Author-X-Name-First: Todd A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Crane
Author-Name: Erin R.B. Eldermire
Author-X-Name-First: Erin R.B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Eldermire
Author-Name: Leah Gichuki
Author-X-Name-First: Leah
Author-X-Name-Last: Gichuki
Author-Name: Nicoline de Haan
Author-X-Name-First: Nicoline
Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan
Author-Name: Elizabeth Katz
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Katz
Author-Name: Nelly Njiru
Author-X-Name-First: Nelly
Author-X-Name-Last: Njiru
Author-Name: Esther Njuguna-Mungai
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: Njuguna-Mungai
Author-Name: Elizabeth Jane Poole
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Jane
Author-X-Name-Last: Poole
Author-Name: Alessandra Galiè
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Galiè
Title: Livestock as a Pathway to Women’s Empowerment in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Abstract: 
 Progress towards women’s empowerment (WE) and gender equality is slow and uneven across the Global South. Livestock systems support the livelihoods of one billion poor people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), most of whom are women. While livestock and gender research has focused on addressing gender inequalities to build a better livestock sector, there is growing evidence that livestock development can contribute to WE and gender equality. The latter is the main topic of this scoping review. A total of 99 papers, corresponding to 102 studies, were included in the analysis. Results indicate that the gender approach strongly influences the effect of livestock interventions on WE, as much as the type of livestock intervention. Gender accommodative approaches were associated with more advances in WE than gender blind approaches, but there was no significant difference in the reported negative effects, challenging the prevailing assumption that gender-accommodative approaches ‘do no harm’. Most asset transfer projects combined with extension had positive effects while those focusing on output markets negatively impacted WE. Gender accommodative approaches had negative or unclear impacts on women’s labour and workloads. Use of these findings should help guide the design of livestock projects aiming to enhance gender equality.
Journal: The Journal of Development Studies
Pages: 813-830
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2024
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2319072
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00220388.2024.2319072
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Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:60:y:2024:i:6:p:813-830