Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: 손 준 상 Author-X-Name-First: 손 준 Author-X-Name-Last: 상 Author-Name: Jun-Sang Sohn Author-X-Name-First: Jun-Sang Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn Title: State of Mind in the Flow 4-Channel Model and Play Abstract: The flow theory becomes one of the most important frameworks in the internet research arena. Hoffman and Novak proposed a hierarchical flow model showing the antecedents and outcomes of flow and the relationship among these variables in the hyper-media computer circumstances (Hoffman and Novak 1996). This model was further tested after their initial research (Novak, Hoffman, and Yung 2000). At their paper, Hoffman and Novak explained that the balance of challenge and skill leads to flow which means the positive optimal state of mind (Hoffman and Novak 1996). An imbalance between challenge and skill, leads to negative states of mind like anxiety, boredom, apathy (Csikszentmihalyi and Csikszentmihalyi 1988). Almost all research on the flow 4-channel model have been focusingon flow, the positive state of mind (Ellis, Voelkl, and Morris 1994 Mathwick and Rigdon 2004). However, it also needs to examine the formation of the negative states of minds and their outcomes. Flow researchers explain play or playfulness as antecedents or the early state of flow. However, play has been regarded as a distinct concept from flow in the flow literatures (Hoffman and Novak 1996; Novak, Hoffman, and Yung 2000). Mathwick and Rigdon discovered the influences of challenge and skill on play; they also observed the influence of play on web-loyalty and brand loyalty (Mathwick and Rigdon 2004). Unfortunately, they did not go so far as to test the influences of play on state of mind. This study focuses on the relationships between state of mind in the flow 4-channel model and play. Early research has attempted to hypothetically explain state of mind in flow theory, but has not been tested except flow until now. Also the importance of play has been emphasized in the flow theory, but has not been tested in the flow 4-channel model context. This researcher attempts to analyze the relationships among state of mind, skill of play, challenge, state of mind and web loyalty. For this objective, I developed a measure for state of mind and defined the concept of play as a trait. Then, the influences of challenge and skill on the state of mind and play under on-line shopping conditions were tested. Also the influences of play on state of mind were tested and those of flow and play on web loyalty were highlighted. 294 undergraduate students participated in this research survey. They were asked to respond about their perceptions of challenge, skill, state of mind, play, and web-loyalty to on-line shopping mall. Respondents were restricted to students who bought products on-line in a month. In case of buying products at two or more on-line shopping malls, they asked to respond about the shopping mall where they bought the most important one. Construct validity, discriminant validity, and convergent validity were used to check the measurement validations. Also, Cronbach's alpha was used to check scale reliability. A series of exploratory factor analyses was conducted. This researcher conducted confirmatory factor analyses to assess the validity of measurements. All items loaded significantly on their respective constructs. Also, all reliabilities were greater than .70. Chi-square difference tests and goodness of fit tests supported discriminant and convergent validity. The results of clustering and ANOVA showed that high challenge and high skill leaded to flow, low challenge and high skill leaded to boredom, and low challenge and low skill leaded to apathy. But, it was different from my expectation that high challenge and low skill didnot lead to anxiety but leaded to apathy. The results also showed that high challenge and high skill, and high challenge and low skill leaded to the highest play. Low challenge leaded to low play. 4 Structural Equation Models were built by flow, anxiety, boredom, apathy for analyzing not only the impact of play on state of mind and web-loyalty, but also that of state of mind on web-loyalty. According the analyses results of these models, play impacted flow and web-loyalty positively, but impacted anxiety, boredom, and apathy negatively. Results also showed that flow impacted web-loyalty positively, but anxiety, boredom, and apathy impacted web-loyalty negatively. The interpretations and implications of the test results of the hypotheses are as follows. First, respondents belonging to different clusters based on challenge and skill level experienced different states of mind such as flow, anxiety, boredom, apathy. The low challenge and low skill group felt the highest anxiety and apathy. It could be interpreted that this group feeling high anxiety or fear, then avoided attempts to shop on-line. Second, it was found that higher challenge leads to higher levels of play. Test results show that the play level of the high challenge and low skill group (anxiety group) was higher than that of the high challenge and high skill group (flow group). However, this was not significant. Third, play positively impacted flow and negatively impacted boredom. The negative impacts on anxiety and apathy were not significant. This means that the combination of challenge and skill creates different results. Forth, play and flow positively impacted web-loyalty, but anxiety, boredom, apathy had negative impacts. The effect of play on web-loyalty was stronger in case of anxiety, boredom, apathy group than flow group. These results show that challenge and skill influences state of mind and play. Results also demonstrate how play and flow influence web-loyalty. It implies that state of mind and play should be the core marketing variables in internet marketing. The flow theory has been focusing on flow and on the positive outcomes of flow experiences. But, this research shows that lots of consumers experience the negative state of mind rather than flow state in the internet shopping circumstance. Results show that the negative state of mind leads to low or negative web-loyalty. Play can have an important role with the web-loyalty when consumers have the negative state of mind. Results of structural equation model analyses show that play influences web-loyalty positively, even though consumers may be in the negative state of mind. This research found the impacts of challenge and skill on state of mind in the flow 4-channel model, not only flow but also anxiety, boredom, apathy. Also, it highlighted the role of play in the flow 4-channel model context and impacts on web-loyalty. However, tests show a few different results from hypothetical expectations such as the highest anxiety level of apathy group and insignificant impacts of play on anxiety and apathy. Further research needs to replicate this research and/or to compare 3-channel model with 4-channel model. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 1-29 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2007.9707234 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2007.9707234 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:1-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: 김상덕 Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: 김상덕 Author-Name: 지성구 Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: 지성구 Author-Name: Sang Deok Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sang Deok Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seong Goo Ji Author-X-Name-First: Seong Goo Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Title: The Effects of Environmental Dynamism on Supply Chain Commitment in the High-tech Industry: The Roles of Flexibility and Dependence Abstract: The exchange between buyers and sellers in the industrial market is changing from short-term to long-term relationships. Long-term relationships are governed mainly by formal contracts or informal agreements, but many scholars are now asserting that controlling relationship by using formal contracts under environmental dynamism is inappropriate. In this case, partners will depend on each other's flexibility or interdependence. The former, flexibility, provides a general frame of reference, order, and standards against which to guide and assess appropriate behavior in dynamic and ambiguous situations, thus motivating the value-oriented performance goals shared between partners. It is based on social sacrifices, which can potentially minimize any opportunistic behaviors. The later, interdependence, means that each firm possesses a high level of dependence in an dynamic channel relationship. When interdependence is high in magnitude and symmetric, each firm enjoys a high level of power and the bonds between the firms should be reasonably strong. Strong shared power is likely to promote commitment because of the common interests, attention, and support found in such channel relationships. This study deals with environmental dynamism in high-tech industry. Firms in the high-tech industry regard it as a key success factor to successfully cope with environmental changes. However, due to the lack of studies dealing with environmental dynamism and supply chain commitment in the high-tech industry, it is very difficult to find effective strategies to cope with them. This paper presents the results of an empirical study on the relationship between environmental dynamism and supply chain commitment in the high-tech industry. We examined the effects of consumer, competitor, and technological dynamism on supply chain commitment. Additionally, we examined the moderating effects of flexibility and dependence of supply chains. This study was confined to the type of high-tech industry which has the characteristics of rapid technology change and short product lifecycle. Flexibility among the firms of this industry, having the characteristic of hard and fast growth, is more important here than among any other industry. Thus, a variety of environmental dynamism can affect a supply chain relationship. The industries targeted industries were electronic parts, metal product, computer, electric machine, automobile, and medical precision manufacturing industries. Data was collected as follows. During the survey, the researchers managed to obtain the list of parts suppliers of 2 companies, N and L, with an international competitiveness in the mobile phone manufacturing industry; and of the suppliers in a business relationship with S company, a semiconductor manufacturing company. They were asked to respond to the survey via telephone and e-mail. During the two month period of February-April 2006, we were able to collect data from 44 companies. The respondents were restricted to direct dealing authorities and subcontractor company (the supplier) staff with at least three months of dealing experience with a manufacture (an industrial material buyer). The measurement validation procedures included scale reliability; discriminant and convergent validity were used to validate measures. Also, the reliability measurements traditionally employed, such as the Cronbach's alpha, were used. All the reliabilities were greater than .70. A series of exploratory factor analyses was conducted. We conducted confirmatory factor analyses to assess the validity of our measurements. A series of chi-square difference tests were conducted so that the discriminant validity could be ensured. For each pair, we estimated two models-an unconstrained model and a constrained modeband compared the two model fits. All these tests supported discriminant validity. Also, all items loaded significantly on their respective constructs, providing support for convergent validity. We then examined composite reliability and average variance extracted (AVE). The composite reliability of each construct was greater than .70. The AVE of each construct was greater than .50. According to the multiple regression analysis, customer dynamism had a negative effect and competitor dynamism had a positive effect on a supplier's commitment. In addition, flexibility and dependence had significant moderating effects on customer and competitor dynamism. On the other hand, all hypotheses about technological dynamism had no significant effects on commitment. In other words, technological dynamism had no direct effect on supplier's commitment and was not moderated by the flexibility and dependence of the supply chain. This study makes its contribution in the point of view that this is a rare study on environmental dynamism and supply chain commitment in the field of high-tech industry. Especially, this study verified the effects of three sectors of environmental dynamism on supplier's commitment. Also, it empirically tested how the effects were moderated by flexibility and dependence. The results showed that flexibility and interdependence had a role to strengthen supplier's commitment under environmental dynamism in high-tech industry. Thus relationship managers in high-tech industry should make supply chain relationship flexible and interdependent. The limitations of the study are as follows; First, about the research setting, the study was conducted with high-tech industry, in which the direction of the change in the power balance of supply chain dyads is usually determined by manufacturers. So we have a difficulty with generalization. We need to control the power structure between partners in a future study. Secondly, about flexibility, we treated it throughout the paper as positive, but it can also be negative, i.e. violating an agreement or moving, but in the wrong direction, etc. Therefore we need to investigate the multi-dimensionality of flexibility in future research. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 31-54 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2007.9707235 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2007.9707235 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:31-54 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: 김 정 훈 Author-X-Name-First: 김 정 Author-X-Name-Last: 훈 Author-Name: Jung-Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jung-Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The Effects of Evaluation Attributes of Cultural Tourism Festivals on Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention Abstract: Festivals are an indispensable feature of cultural tourism(Formica & Uysal, 1998). Cultural tourism festivals are increasingly being used as instruments promoting tourism and boosting the regional economy. So much research related to festivals is undertaken from a variety of perspectives. Plans to revisit a particular festival have been viewed as an important research topic both in academia and the tourism industry. Therefore festivals have frequently been leveled as cultural events. Cultural tourism festivals have become a crucial component in constituting the attractiveness of tourism destinations (Prentice, 2001). As a result, a considerable number of tourist studies have been carried out in diverse cultural tourism festivals (Backman et al., 1995; Crompton & Mckay, 1997; Park, 1998; Clawson & Knetch, 1996). Much of previous literature empirically shows the close linkage between tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention in festivals. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of evaluation attributes of cultural tourism festivals on satisfaction and behavioral intention, accomplish the research objective, to find out evaluation items of cultural tourism festivals through the literature study an empirical study. Using a varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization, the research obtained four factors in the 18 evaluation attributes of cultural tourism festivals. Some empirical studies have examined the relationship between behavioral intention and actual behavior. To understand between tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention, this study suggests five hypotheses and hypothesized model. In this study, the analysis is based on primary data collected from visitors who participated in '2006 Gwangju Kimchi Festival'. In total, 700 self-administered questionnaires were distributed and 561 usable questionnaires were obtained. Respondents were presented with the 18 satisfactions item on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7(strongly agree). Dimensionality and stability of the scale were evaluated by a factor analysis with varimax rotation. Four factors emerged with eigenvalues greater than 1, which explained 66.40% of the total variance and Cronbach' alpha raging from 0.876 to 0.774. And four factors named: advertisement and guides, programs, food and souvenirs, and convenient facilities. To test and estimate the hypothesized model, a two-step approach with an initial measurement model and a subsequent structural model for Structural Equation Modeling was used. The AMOS 4.0 analysis package was used to conduct the analysis. In estimating the model, the maximum likelihood procedure was used. In this study Chi-square test is used, which is the most common model goodness-of-fit test. In addition, considering the literature about the Structural Equation Modeling, this study used, besides Chi-square test, more model fit indexes to determine the tangibility of the suggested model: goodness-of-fit index(GFI) and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA) as absolute fit indexes; normed-fit index(NFI) and non-normed-fit index(NNFI) as incremental fit indexes. The results of T-test and ANOVAs revealed significant differences(0.05 level), therefore H1(Tourist Satisfaction level should be different from Demographic traits) are supported. According to the multiple Regressions analysis and AMOS, H2(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on revisit intention), H3(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on word of mouth), H4(Evaluation Attributes of cultural tourism festivals influences on Tourist Satisfaction), and H5(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on Behavioral Intention) are also supported. As the conclusion of this study are as following: First, there were differences in satisfaction levels in accordance with the demographic information of visitors. Not all visitors had the same degree of satisfaction with their cultural tourism festival experience. Therefore it is necessary to understand the satisfaction of tourists if the experiences that are provided are to meet their expectations. So, in making festival plans, the organizer should consider the demographic variables in explaining and segmenting visitors to cultural tourism festival. Second, satisfaction with attributes of evaluation cultural tourism festivals had a significant direct impact on visitors' intention to revisit such festivals and the word of mouth publicity they shared. The results indicated that visitor satisfaction is a significant antecedent of their intention to revisit such festivals. Festival organizers should strive to forge long-term relationships with the visitors. In addition, it is also necessary to understand how the intention to revisit a festival changes over time and identify the critical satisfaction factors. Third, it is confirmed that behavioral intention was enhanced by satisfaction. The strong link between satisfaction and behavioral intentions of visitors areensured by high quality advertisement and guides, programs, food and souvenirs, and convenient facilities. Thus, examining revisit intention from a time viewpoint may be of a great significance for both practical and theoretical reasons. Additionally, festival organizers should give special attention to visitor satisfaction, as satisfied visitors are more likely to return sooner. The findings of this research have several practical implications for the festivals managers. The promotion of cultural festivals should be based on the understanding of tourist satisfaction for the long- term success of tourism. And this study can help managers carry out this task in a more informed and strategic manner by examining the effects of demographic traits on the level of tourist satisfaction and the behavioral intention. In other words, differentiated marketing strategies should be stressed and executed by relevant parties. The limitations of this study are as follows; the results of this study cannot be generalized to other cultural tourism festivals because we have not explored the many different kinds of festivals. A future study should be a comparative analysis of other festivals of different visitor segments. Also, further efforts should be directed toward developing more comprehensive temporal models that can explain behavioral intentions of tourists. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 55-73 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2007.9707236 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2007.9707236 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:55-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jong Pil Yu Author-X-Name-First: Jong Pil Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Payal Kaishap Dutta Author-X-Name-First: Payal Kaishap Author-X-Name-Last: Dutta Author-Name: Dawn Thorndike Pysarchik Author-X-Name-First: Dawn Thorndike Author-X-Name-Last: Pysarchik Title: The Impact of Reference Groups and Product Familiarity on Indian Consumers' Product Purchases Abstract: Less than 3% of India's food basket, consists of processed food, therefore processed food can be viewed as an innovation or new product to Indian consumers. This research investigates the effects of product familiarity and reference groups on Indian consumers' attitudes and purchase behavior of new processed food products. For the study, the model is developed by modifying Cambel and Goodstein's (2001) "Moderate Incongruity Effect" to include important cross-cultural influences on attitudes and purchase decisions among Indian consumers. Empirical analysis was conducted through structural equation modeling (SEM). SEM results indicated that reference group influence has a stronger positive effect on consumers' attitudes and actual purchase behavior of more familiar processed foods than of less familiar processed food. In addition, attitudes have a stronger positive effect on consumers' actual purchase of more familiar than of less familiar processed foods. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 75-97 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2007.9707237 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2007.9707237 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:75-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claus Ebster Author-X-Name-First: Claus Author-X-Name-Last: Ebster Author-Name: Udo Wagner Author-X-Name-First: Udo Author-X-Name-Last: Wagner Author-Name: Cora Auzinger Author-X-Name-First: Cora Author-X-Name-Last: Auzinger Title: The Effect of Displaying Products in Their Usage Context - A Field Experimental Investigation Abstract: The widespread use of self-service concepts in retailing has resulted in increased attention to the design of retail environments and to stimuli operating at the point of sale. One such merchandising technique, the "bundled presentation", i.e., related products are presented in close proximity to each other, is widely used by retailers but has rarely been investigated by academic consumer researchers. This study presents the results of a field experiment into the effects of presenting products in their usage context. Customers' attitudes towards the same product displayed in different ways are compared with each other. The results show that related products, i.e., products that are used together, should be presented in a coordinated display. Furthermore, the bundled presentation enhanced consumers' attitudes of the product when they saw it first in a bundled presentation and then evaluated it in front of a traditional presentation. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 99-110 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2007.9707238 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2007.9707238 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:99-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: 강병수 Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: 강병수 Author-Name: 김병재 Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: 김병재 Author-Name: 신종칠 Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: 신종칠 Author-Name: Myung Soo Kang Author-X-Name-First: Myung Soo Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Author-Name: Byoung Jai Kim Author-X-Name-First: Byoung Jai Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Jong Chil Shin Author-X-Name-First: Jong Chil Author-X-Name-Last: Shin Title: Measuring Consumer-Brand Relationship Quality Abstract: As a brand becomes a core asset in creating a corporation's value, brand marketing has become one of core strategies that corporations pursue. Recently, for customer relationship management, possession and consumption of goods were centered on brand for the management. Thus, management related to this matter was developed. The main reason of the increased interest on the relationship between the brand and the consumer is due to acquisition of individual consumers and development of relationship with those consumers. Along with the development of relationship, a corporation is able to establish long-term relationships. This has become a competitive advantage for the corporation. All of these processes became the strategic assets of corporations. The importance and the increase of interest of a brand have also become a big issue academically. Brand equity, brand extension, brand identity, brand relationship, and brand community are the results derived from the interest of a brand. More specifically, in marketing, the study of brands has been led to the study of factors related to building of powerful brands and the process of building the brand. Recently, studies concentrated primarily on the consumer-brand relationship. The reason is that brand loyalty can not explain the dynamic quality aspects of loyalty, the consumer-brand relationship building process, and especially interactions between the brands and the consumers. In the studies of consumer-brand relationship, a brand is not just limited to possession or consumption objectives, but rather conceptualized as partners. Most of the studies from the past concentrated on the results of qualitative analysis of consumer-brand relationship to show the depth and width of the performance of consumer-brand relationship. Studies in Korea have been the same. Recently, studies of consumer-brand relationship started to concentrate on quantitative analysis rather than qualitative analysis or even go further with quantitative analysis to show effecting factors of consumer-brand relationship. Studies of new quantitative approaches show the possibilities of using the results as a new concept of viewing consumer-brand relationship and possibilities of applying these new concepts on marketing. Studies of consumer-brand relationship with quantitative approach already exist, but none of them include sub-dimensions of consumer-brand relationship, which presents theoretical proofs for measurement. In other words, most studies add up or average out the sub-dimensions of consumer-brand relationship. However, to do these kind of studies, precondition of sub-dimensions being in identical constructs is necessary. Therefore, most of the studies from the past do not meet conditions of sub-dimensions being as one dimension construct. From this, we question the validity of past studies and their limits. The main purpose of this paper is to overcome the limits shown from the past studies by practical use of previous studies on sub-dimensions in a one-dimensional construct (Naver & Slater, 1990; Cronin & Taylor, 1992; Chang & Chen, 1998). In this study, two arbitrary groups were classified to evaluate reliability of the measurements and reliability analyses were pursued on each group. For convergent validity, correlations, Cronbach's, one-factor solution exploratory analysis were used. For discriminant validity correlation of consumer-brand relationship was compared with that of an involvement, which is a similar concept with consumer-based relationship. It also indicated dependent correlations by Cohen and Cohen (1975, p.35) and results showed that it was different constructs from 6 sub-dimensions of consumer-brand relationship. Through the results of studies mentioned above, we were able to finalize that sub-dimensions of consumer-brand relationship can viewed from one-dimensional constructs. This means that the one-dimensional construct of consumer-brand relationship can be viewed with reliability and validity. The result of this research is theoretically meaningful in that it assumes consumer-brand relationship in a one-dimensional construct and provides the basis of methodologies which are previously preformed. It is thought that this research also provides the possibility of new research on consumer-brand relationship in that it gives root to the fact that it is possible to manipulate one-dimensional constructs consisting of consumer-brand relationship. In the case of previous research on consumer-brand relationship, consumer-brand relationship is classified into several types on the basis of components consisting of consumer-brand relationship and a number of studies have been performed with priority given to the types. However, as we can possibly manipulate a one-dimensional construct through this research, it is expected that various studies which make the level or strength of consumer-brand relationship practical application of construct will be performed, and not research focused on separate types of consumer-brand relationship. Additionally, we have the theoretical basis of probability in which to manipulate the consumer-brand relationship with one-dimensional constructs. It is anticipated that studies using this construct, which is consumer-brand relationship, practical use of dependent variables, parameters, mediators, and so on, will be performed. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 111-131 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2007.9707239 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2007.9707239 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:111-131 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yoram Wind Author-X-Name-First: Yoram Author-X-Name-Last: Wind Author-Name: Robert J. Thomas Author-X-Name-First: Robert J. Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas Title: Organizational Buying Behavior in an Interdependent World Abstract: The emergence of the field of organizational buying behavior in the mid-1960's with the publication of Industrial Buying and Creative Marketing (1967) set the stage for a new paradigm of thinking about how business was conducted in markets other than those serving ultimate consumers. Whether it is "industrial marketing" or "business-to-business marketing" (B-to-B), organizational buying behavior remains the core differentiating characteristic of this domain of marketing. This paper explores the impact of several dynamic factors that have influenced how organizations relate to one another in a rapidly increasing interdependence, which in turn can impact organizational buying behavior. The paper also raises the question of whether or not the major conceptual models of organizational buying behavior in an interdependent world are still relevant to guide research and managerial thinking, in this dynamic business environment. The paper is structured to explore three questions related to organizational interdependencies: What are the factors and trends driving the emergence of organizational interdependencies? Will the major conceptual models of organizational buying behavior that have developed over the past half century be applicable in a world of interdependent organizations? What are the implications of organizational interdependencies on the research and practice of organizational buying behavior? Consideration of the factors and trends driving organizational interdependencies revealed five critical drivers in the relationships among organizations that can impact their purchasing behavior: Accelerating Globalization, Flattening Networks of Organizations, Disrupting Value Chains, Intensifying Government Involvement, and Continuously Fragmenting Customer Needs. These five interlinked drivers of interdependency and their underlying technological advances can alter the relationships within and among organizations that buy products and services to remain competitive in their markets. Viewed in the context of a customer driven marketing strategy, these forces affect three levels of strategy development: (1) evolving customer needs, (2) the resulting product/service/solution offerings to meet these needs, and (3) the organization competencies and processes required to develop and implement the offerings to meet needs. The five drivers of interdependency among organizations do not necessarily operate independently in their impact on how organizations buy. They can interact with each other and become even more potent in their impact on organizational buying behavior. For example, accelerating globalization may influence the emergence of additional networks that further disrupt traditional value chain relationships, thereby changing how organizations purchase products and services. Increased government involvement in business operations in one country may increase costs of doing business and therefore drive firms to seek low cost sources in emerging markets in other countries. This can reduce employment opportunities in one country and increase them in another, further accelerating the pace of globalization. The second major question in the paper is what impact these drivers of interdependencies have had on the core conceptual models of organizational buying behavior. Consider the three enduring conceptual models developed in the Industrial Buying and Creative Marketing and Organizational Buying Behavior books: the organizational buying process, the buying center, and the buying situation. A review of these core models of organizational buying behavior, as originally conceptualized, shows they are still valid and not likely to change with the increasingly intense drivers of interdependency among organizations. What will change however is the way in which buyers and sellers interact under conditions of interdependency. For example, increased interdependencies can lead to increased opportunities for collaboration as well as conflict between buying and selling organizations, thereby changing aspects of the buying process. In addition, the importance of communication processes between and among organizations will increase as the role of trust becomes an important criterion for a successful buying relationship. The third question in the paper explored consequences and implications of these interdependencies on organizational buying behavior for practice and research. The following are considered in the paper: the need to increase understanding of network influences on organizational buying behavior, the need to increase understanding of the role of trust and value among organizational participants, the need to improve understanding of how to manage organizational buying in networked environments, the need to increase understanding of customer needs in the value network, and the need to increase understanding of the impact of emerging new business models on organizational buying behavior. In many ways, these needs deriving from increased organizational interdependencies are an extension of the conceptual tradition in organizational buying behavior. In 1977, Nicosia and Wind suggested a focus on inter-organizational over intra-organizational perspectives, a trend that has received considerable momentum since the 1990's. Likewise for managers to survive in an increasingly interdependent world, they will need to better understand the complexities of how organizations relate to one another. The transition from an inter-organizational to an interdependent perspective has begun, and must continue so as to develop an improved understanding of these important relationships. A shift to such an interdependent network perspective may require many academicians and practitioners to fundamentally challenge and change the mental models underlying their business and organizational buying behavior models. The focus can no longer be only on the dyadic relations of the buying organization and the selling organization but should involve all the related members of the network, including the network of customers, developers, and other suppliers and intermediaries. Consider for example the numerous partner networks initiated by SAP which involves over 9000 companies and over a million participants. This evolving, complex, and uncertain reality of interdependencies and dynamic networks requires reconsideration of how purchase decisions are made; as a result they should be the focus of the next phase of research and theory building among academics and the focus of practical models and experiments undertaken by practitioners. The hope is that such research will take place, not in the isolation of the ivory tower, nor in the confines of the business world, but rather, by increased collaboration of academics and practitioners. In conclusion, the consideration of increased interdependence among organizations revealed the continued relevance of the fundamental models of organizational buying behavior. However to increase the value of these models in an interdependent world, academics and practitioners should improve their understanding of (1) network influences, (2) how to better manage these influences, (3) the role of trust and value among organizational participants, (4) the evolution of customer needs in the value network, and (5) the impact of emerging new business models on organizational buying behavior. To accomplish this, greater collaboration between industry and academia is needed to advance our understanding of organizational buying behavior in an interdependent world. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 110-122 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730184 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730184 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:110-122 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ebrahim Mazaheri Author-X-Name-First: Ebrahim Author-X-Name-Last: Mazaheri Author-Name: Marie-Odile Richard Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Odile Author-X-Name-Last: Richard Author-Name: Michel Laroche Author-X-Name-First: Michel Author-X-Name-Last: Laroche Title: Investigating the Moderating Impact of Hedonism on Online Consumer Behavior Abstract: Considering the benefits for both consumers and suppliers, firms are taking advantage of the Internet as a medium to communicate with and sell products to their consumers. This trend makes the online shopping environment a growing field for both researchers and practitioners. This paper contributes by testing a model of online consumer behavior with websites varying in levels of hedonism. Unlike past studies, we included all three types of emotions (arousal, pleasure, and dominance) and flow into the model. In this study, we assumed that website interfaces, such as background colors, music, and fonts impact the three types of emotions at the initial exposure to the site (Mazaheri, Richard, and Laroche, 2011). In turn, these emotions influence flow and consumers' perceptions of the site atmospherics--perception of site informativeness, effectiveness, and entertainment. This assumption is consistent with Zajonc (1980) who argued that affective reactions are independent of perceptual and cognitive operations and can influence responses. We, then, propose that the perceptions of site atmospherics along with flow, influence customers' attitudes toward the website and toward the product, site involvement, and purchase intentions. In addition, we studied the moderating impact of the level of hedonism of websites on all the relationship in the model. Thus, the path coefficients were compared between "high" and "low" hedonic websites. We used 39 real websites from 12 product categories (8 services and 4 physical goods) to test the model. Among them, 20 were perceived as high hedonic and 19 as low hedonic by the respondents. The result of EQS 6.1 support the overall model: χ-super-2 =1787 (df=504), CFI=.994; RMSEA=.031. All the hypotheses were significant. In addition, the results of multi-groups analyses reveal several non-invariant structural paths between high and low hedonic website groups. The findings supported the model regarding the influence of the three types of emotions on customers' perceptions of site atmospherics, flow, and other customer behavior variables. It was found that pleasure strongly influenced site attitudes and perceptions of site entertainment. Arousal positively impacted the other two types of emotions, perceptions of site informativeness, and site involvement. Additionally, the influence of arousal on flow was found to be highly significant. The results suggested a strong association between dominance and customers' perceptions of site effectiveness. Dominance was also found to be associated with site attitudes and flow. Moreover, the findings suggested that site involvement and attitudes toward the product are the most important antecedents of purchase intentions. Site informativeness and flow also significantly influenced purchase intentions. The results of multi-group analysis supported the moderating impacts of hedonism of the websites. Compared to low (high) hedonic sites, the impacts of utilitarian (hedonic) attributes on other variables were stronger in high (low) hedonic websites. Among the three types of emotions, dominance (controlling feelings) effects were stronger in high hedonic sites and pleasure effects were stronger in low hedonic sites. Moreover, the impact of site informativeness was stronger for high hedonic websites compared to their low-hedonic counterparts. On the other hand, the influence of effectiveness of information on perceptions of site informativeness and the impact of site involvement on product attitudes were stronger for low hedonic websites than for high hedonic ones. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 123-134 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730185 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730185 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:123-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amro A. Maher Author-X-Name-First: Amro A. Author-X-Name-Last: Maher Author-Name: Anusorn Singhapakdi Author-X-Name-First: Anusorn Author-X-Name-Last: Singhapakdi Author-Name: Hyun-Soo Park Author-X-Name-First: Hyun-Soo Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Seigyoung Auh Author-X-Name-First: Seigyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Auh Title: The Impact of Collective Guilt on the Preference for Japanese Products Abstract: Arab boycotts of Danish products, Australian boycotts of French products and Chinese consumer aversion toward Japanese products are all examples of how adverse actions at the country level might impact consumers' behavior. The animosity literature has examined how consumers react to the adverse actions of other countries, and how such animosity impacts consumers' attitudes and preferences for products from the transgressing country. For example, Chinese consumers are less likely to buy Japanese products because of Japanese atrocities during World War II and the unjust economic dealings of the Japanese (Klein, Ettenson and Morris 1998). The marketing literature, however, has not examined how consumers react to adverse actions committed by their own country against other countries, and whether such actions affect their attitudes towards purchasing products that originated from the adversely affected country. The social psychology literature argues that consumers will experience a feeling called collective guilt, in response to such adverse actions. Collective guilt stems from the distress experienced by group members when they accept that their group is responsible for actions that have harmed another group (Branscombe, Slugoski, and Kappenn 2004). Examples include Americans feeling guilty about the atrocities committed by the U.S. military at Abu Ghraib prison (Iyer, Schamder and Lickel 2007), and the Dutch about their occupation of Indonesia in the past (Doosje et al. 1998). The primary aim of this study is to examine consumers' perceptions of adverse actions by members of one's own country against another country and whether such perceptions affected their attitudes towards products originating from the country transgressed against. More specifically, one objective of this study is to examine the perceptual antecedents of collective guilt, an emotional reaction to adverse actions performed by members of one's country against another country. Another objective is to examine the impact of collective guilt on consumers' perceptions of, and preference for, products originating from the country transgressed against by the consumers' own country. If collective guilt emerges as a significant predictor, companies originating from countries that have been transgressed against might be able to capitalize on such unfortunate events. This research utilizes the animosity model introduced by Klein, Ettenson and Morris (1998) and later expanded on by Klein (2002). Klein finds that U.S. consumers harbor animosity toward the Japanese. This animosity is experienced in response to events that occurred during World War II (i.e., the bombing of Pearl Harbor) and more recently the perceived economic threat from Japan. Thus this study argues that the events of Word War II (i.e., bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki) might lead U.S. consumers to experience collective guilt. A series of three hypotheses were introduced. The first hypothesis deals with the antecedents of collective guilt. Previous research argues that collective guilt is experienced when consumers perceive that the harm following a transgression is illegitimate and that the country from which the transgressors originate should be responsible for the adverse actions. (Wohl, Branscombe, and Klar 2006). Therefore the following hypothesis was offered: H1a. Higher levels of perceived illegitimacy for the harm committed will result in higher levels of collective guilt. H1b. Higher levels of responsibility will be positively associated with higher levels of collective guilt. The second and third hypotheses deal with the impact of collective guilt on the preferences for Japanese products. Klein (2002) found that higher levels of animosity toward Japan resulted in a lower preference for a Japanese product relative to a South Korean product but not a lower preference for a Japanese product relative to a U.S. product. These results therefore indicate that the experience of collective guilt will lead to a higher preference for a Japanese product if consumers are contemplating a choice that involves a decision to buy Japanese versus South Korean product but not if the choice involves a decision to buy a Japanese versus a U.S. product. H2. Collective guilt will be positively related to the preference for a Japanese product over a South Korean product, but will not be related to the preference for a Japanese product over a U.S. product. H3. Collective guilt will be positively related to the preference for a Japanese product over a South Korean product, holding constant product judgments and animosity. An experiment was conducted to test the hypotheses. The illegitimacy of the harm and responsibility were manipulated by exposing respondents to a description of adverse events occurring during World War II. Data were collected using an online consumer panel in the United States. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the low levels of responsibility and illegitimacy condition (n=259) or the high levels of responsibility and illigitemacy (n=268) condition. Latent Variable Structural Equation Modeling (LVSEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships. The first hypothesis is supported as both the illegitimacy of the harm and responsibility assigned to the Americans for the harm committed against the Japanese during WWII have a positive impact on collective guilt. The second hypothesis is also supported as collective guilt is positively related to preference for a Japanese product over a South Korean product but is not related to preference for a Japanese product over a U.S. product. Finally there is support for the third hypothesis, since collective guilt is positively related to the preference for a Japanese product over a South Korean product while controlling for the effect of product judgments about Japanese products and animosity. The results of these studies lead to several conclusions. First, the illegitimacy of harm and responsibility can be manipulated and that they are antecedents of collective guilt. Second, collective guilt has an impact on a consumers' decision when they face a choice set that includes a product from the country that was the target of the adverse action and a product from another foreign country. This impact however disappears from a consumers' decision when they face a choice set that includes a product from the country that was the target of the adverse action and a domestic product. This result suggests that collective guilt might be a viable factor for company originating from the country transgressed against if its competitors are foreign but not if they are local. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 135-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730186 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730186 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:135-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Martin-Consuegea Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Martin-Consuegea Author-Name: Angel Millan Author-X-Name-First: Angel Author-X-Name-Last: Millan Author-Name: Estrella Diaz Author-X-Name-First: Estrella Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Title: The Effects of Price Salience on Consumer Perception and Purchase Intentions Abstract: Previous studies have shown that retail price promotion change consumers' purchase behavior and that retailers use price promotion more frequently. Keeping constant the benefits received by consumers, there are several ways for retailers to communicate a price promotion. For example, retailers can present a price reduction in absolute terms ($, €), percentage terms (%), or some combinations of these two methods (Delia Bitta et al. 1981). Communicating a price promotion in different ways is similar to the framing of purchase decisions (Monroe 1990). Framing effects refers to the finding that subjects respond differently to different descriptions of the same decision question (Frisch 1993). Thus, the presentation of the promotion has an impact on consumer deal evaluation and hence retail sales. In fact, much research in marketing attests to the effects of price presentation on deal perception (Lichtenstein and Bearden 1989; Urbany et al. 1988; Yadav and Monroe 1993). In this sense, a number of marketing researches have argued that deal perceptions are also determined by the degree to which consumers are able to calculate the discounts and final purchase prices accurately (Estelami 2003a; Morwitz et al. 1998), which suggests that marketers may be able to enhance responses to discounts by improving calculation accuracy. Consequently, since calculation inaccuracies in the aggregate lead to the underestimation of discounts (Kim and Kramer 2006), consumers are more likely to appreciate a discounted offer following deeper processing of price information that enables them to evaluate a price discount more accurately. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of different presentations of discount prices on consumer price perceptions. To be more precise, the purpose of this study is to investigate how different implementations of the same price promotion (semantic and visual salience) affect consumers' perceptions of the promotion and their purchase decisions. Specifically, the analysis will focus on the effect of price presentation on evaluation, purchase intentions and perception of savings. In order to verify the hypotheses proposed in the research, this paper will present an experimental analysis dealing with several discount presentations. In this sense, a 2 (Numerical salience presentation: absolute and relative) × 2 (Worded salience presentation: novel and traditional) × 2 (Visual salience: red and blue) design was employed to investigate the effects of discount presentation on three dependent variables: evaluation, purchase intentions and perception of savings. Respondents were exposed to a hypothetical advertisement that they had to evaluate and were informed of the offer conditions. Once the sample finished evaluating the advertisement, they answered a questionnaire related to price salience and dependent dimensions. Then, manipulation checks were conducted to ensure that respondents remembered their treatment conditions. Next, a 2×2×2 MANOVA and follow-up univariate tests were conducted to verify the research hypotheses suggested and to examine the effects of the individual factors (price salience) on evaluation, purchase intentions and perceived savings. The results of this research show that semantic and visual salience presentations have significant main effects and interactions on evaluation, purchase intentions and perception of savings. Significant numerical salience interactions affected evaluation and purchase intentions. Additionally, a significant worded salience main effect on perception of savings and interactions on evaluation and purchase intentions were found. Finally, visual salience interactions have significant effects on evaluation. The main findings of this research suggest practical implications that firms should consider when planning promotion-based discounts to attract consumer attention. Consequently, because price presentation has important effects on consumer perception, retailers should consider which effect is wanted in order to design an effective discount presentation. Specifically, retailers should present discounts with a traditional style that facilitates final price calculation. It is thus important to investigate ways in which marketers can enhance the accuracy of consumers' mental arithmetic to improve responses to price discounts. This preliminary study on the effect of price presentation on consumer perception and purchase intentions opens the line of research for further research. The results obtained in this research may have been determined by a number of limiting conceptual and methodological factors. In this sense, the research deals with a variety of discount presentations as well as with their effects; however, the analysis could include additional salience dimensions and effects on consumers. Furthermore, a similar study could be carried out including a larger, more inclusive and heterogeneous sample of consumers. In addition, the experiment did not require sample individuals to actually buy the product, so it is advisable to compare the effects obtained in the research with real consumer behavior and perception Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 149-163 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730187 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730187 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:149-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nathalie Spielmann Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie Author-X-Name-Last: Spielmann Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: It Doesn't Taste the same from Someone Else's Plate: The Influence of Culture in Interpersonal Retail Service Evaluations Abstract: This study reviews the influence of culture in interpersonal servicescapes by examining the restaurant retail setting. Two cultures (Canada and France) are surveyed in order to better understand their retail expectations towards interpersonal servicescapes. Using Hofstede's (1991) cultural dimensions to explain some of the differences between Canadian and French restaurant patrons, this study demonstrates a potentially interesting research avenue in the field of cross-cultural interpersonal services marketing. It demonstrates that cultural dimensions do not operate independently but interdependently. Understanding this can help retailers better explain complex service interactions between countries that may appear similar in terms of various socio-demographic features. In this exploratory research, a measure via exploratory factor analysis was developed, one that encompasses both the physical and service aspects common to interpersonal servicescape by using personality traits. This measure was tested in order to better understand the service expectations between two cultures, Canada and France. Five dimensional structures were uncovered in both cultures but with different traits and groupings. The differences between the traits uncovered and the overall Canadian and French personality structures find some explanation using Hofstede's (1991) cultural dimensions. The results of this survey point to a possible explanation as to why when services are transferred between cultures, the perceptions of them can be different and sometimes even lead to service failure. There are clearly some cultural differences between the Canadian and French consumers and their overall expectations regarding their consumption experience. Reviewing the first factor of the French and Canadian personality structures shows that the individualist/collectivist differences are apparent between the Canadian and the French cultures. The second dimension also has quite a few traits in common, five, all of which have the personal treatment aspect of the restaurant experience that a service provider would be responsible for: polite, respectful, and dedicated. Notable is that the French dimension does not include the authenticity or the hospitable aspect of the experience but includes even more features that are inherent to the personal interaction, such as charming and courteous. The third dimension of the Canadian and French structures reflects completely different expectations. Whereas the French dimension centers around energy and enthusiasm, the Canadian version is more laid-back and relaxed. There is extroversion in the French dimension to introversion in the Canadian dimension. This could be explained by differences on the Uncertainty Avoidance dimension as outlined by Hofstede (1991). The fourth dimension seems to confirm previously outlined cultural differences. Whereas Canadians, being a bit lower on uncertainty avoidance and power distance, prefer an intimate and private experience, the French continue to expect extraversion and inclusive features to their experience. The fifth dimension is in the French personality structure a clear expression of the high power distance society, where the roles of the players in the restaurant experience are clearly defined and the rules of engagement preserved. This study demonstrates that different cultures clearly do relate to different expectations regarding interpersonal services. This is apparent in the dimensions that come up in both the French and the Canadian personality structures, not only in terms of how different they are but also in with which cultural dimensions these can be explained. For interpersonal servicescapes, the use of personality traits is interesting as it allows for both physical and service features to be accounted for. Furthermore, the social component inherent to interpersonal servicescapes surfaces in most of the dimensions of the service personality structures. The quality of social exchanges is extremely important, and this even more so in cross-cultural situations, where the expectations regarding the service experience may vary. As demonstrated by this research and using Hofstede's (1991) paradigm, not all societies will have the same expectations pertaining to the interpersonal services. Furthermore, the traditions surrounding the type of service can also have an impact on the service evaluations and differ between countries and cultures. However, using personality traits may also allow for retailers to see which service traits are common to two or more cultures where they seek to be present, and focus on these in the offering. The findings demonstrate the importance of the individualist and collectivist dimension for interpersonal servicescapes. This difference between the French and the Canadian personality structure is apparent in the most dominant dimension as well as within others, The findings are a step in explaining how retailers can transfer and then measure interpersonal services across cultures. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 164-172 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730188 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:164-172 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mary Catherine Colley Author-X-Name-First: Mary Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Colley Author-Name: Brandie Gatlin Author-X-Name-First: Brandie Author-X-Name-Last: Gatlin Title: International Success the Second Time Around: A Case Study Abstract: A privately held, third generation family owned company, Boom Technologies, Inc. (BTI), a provider of products and services to the electric utility, telecommunications and contractor markets, continues to make progress in exporting. Although export sales only equaled 5% of total revenue in 2008, BTI has an entire export division. Their export division's Managing Director reveals the trial and errors of a privately held company and their quest for success overseas. From its inception, BTI has always believed its greatest asset is its employees. When export sales struggled due to lack of strategy and direction, BTI hired a Managing Director for its export division. With leadership and guidance from BTT's president and from the Managing Director, they utilized the department's skills and knowledge. Structural changes were made to expand their market presence abroad and increase export sales. As a result, export sales increased four-fold, area managers in new countries were added and distribution networks were successfully cultivated. At times, revenue generation was difficult to determine due to the structure of the company. Therefore, in 1996, the export division was restructured as a limited liability company. This allowed the company to improve the tracking of revenue and expenses. Originally, 80% of BTI's export sales came from two countries; therefore, the initial approach to selling overseas was not reaching their anticipated goals of expanding their foreign market presence. However, changes were made and now the company manages the details of selling to over 80 countries. There were three major export expansion challenges noted by the Managing Director: Product and Shipping--The major obstacle for BTI was product assembly. Originally, the majority of the product was assembled in the United States, which increased shipping and packaging costs. With so many parts specified in the order, many times the order would arrive with parts missing. The missing parts could equate to tens of thousands of dollars. Shipping these missing parts separately in another shipment also cost tens of thousands of dollar, plus a delivery delay time of six to eight weeks; all of which came out of the BTI's pockets. Product Adaptation--Safety and product standards varied widely for each of the 80 countries to which BTI exported. Weights, special licenses, product specification requirements, measurement systems, and truck stability can all differ from country to country and can serve as a type of barrier to entry, making it difficult to adapt products accordingly. Technical and safety standards are barriers that serve as a type of protection for the local industry and can stand in the way of successfully pursuing foreign markets. Marketing Challenges--The importance of distribution creates many challenges for BTI as they attempt to determine how each country prefers to operate with regard to their distribution systems. Some countries have competition from a small competitor that only produces one competing product; whereas BTI manufactures over 100 products. Marketing material is another concern for BTI as they attempt to push marketing costs to the distributors. Adapting the marketing material can be costly in terms of translation and cultural differences. In addition, the size of paper in the United States differs from those in some countries, causing many problems when attempting to copy the same layout and With distribution being one of several challenges for BTI, the company claims their distribution network is one of their competitive advantages, as the location and names of their distributors are not revealed. In addition, BTI rotates two offerings yearly: training to their distributors one year and then the next is a distributor's meeting. With a focus on product and shipping, product adaptation, and marketing challenges, the intricacies of selling overseas takes time and patience. Another competitive advantage noted is BTI's cradle to grave strategy, where they follow the product from sale to its final resting place, whether the truck is leased or purchased new or used. They also offer service and maintenance plans with a detailed cost analysis provided to the company prior to purchasing or leasing the product. Expanding abroad will always create challenges for a company. As the Managing Director stated, "If you don't have patience (in the export business), you better do something else." Knowing how to adapt quickly provides BTI with the skills necessary to adjust to the changing needs of each country and its own unique challenges, allowing them to remain competitive. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 173-178 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730189 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730189 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:173-178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alisha Blakeney Author-X-Name-First: Alisha Author-X-Name-Last: Blakeney Author-Name: Casey Findley Author-X-Name-First: Casey Author-X-Name-Last: Findley Author-Name: Donald R. Self Author-X-Name-First: Donald R. Author-X-Name-Last: Self Author-Name: Rhea Ingram Author-X-Name-First: Rhea Author-X-Name-Last: Ingram Author-Name: Tony Garrett Author-X-Name-First: Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett Title: Media Habits of Sensation Seekers Abstract: Understanding consumers' preferences and use of media types is imperative for marketing and advertising managers, especially in today's fragmented market. A clear understanding assists managers in making more effective selections of appropriate media outlets, yet individuals' choices of type and use of media are based on a variety of characteristics. This paper examines one personality trait, sensation seeking, which has not appeared in the literature examining "new" media preferences and use. Sensation seeking is a personality trait defined as "the need for varied, novel, and complex sensations and experiences and the willingness to take physical and social risks for the sake of such experiences" (Zuckerman 1979). Six hypotheses were developed from a review of the literature. Particular attention was given to the Uses and Gratification theory (Katz 1959), which explains various reasons why people choose media types and their motivations for using the different types of media. Current theory suggests that High Sensation Seekers (HSS), due to their needs for novelty, arousal and unconventional content and imagery, would exhibit higher frequency of use of new media. Specifically, we hypothesize that HSS will use the internet more than broadcast (H1a) or print media (H1b) and more than low (LSS) (H2a) or medium sensation seekers (MSS) (H2b). In addition, HSS have been found to be more social and have higher numbers of friends therefore are expected to use social networking websites such as Facebook/MySpace (H3) and chat rooms (H4) more than LSS (a) and MSS (b). Sensation seekers can manifest into a range of behaviors including disinhibition. It is expected that alternative social networks such as Facebook/My Space (H5) and chat rooms (H6) will be used more often for those who have higher levels of disinhibition than low (a) or medium (b) levels. Data were collected using an online survey of participants in extreme sports. In order to reach this group, an improved version of a snowball sampling technique, chain-referral method, was used to select respondents for this study. This method was chosen as it is regarded as being effective to reach otherwise hidden population groups (Heckathorn, 1997). A final usable sample of 1108 respondents, which was mainly young (56.36% under 34), male (86.1%) and middle class (58.7%) with household incomes over USD 50,000) was consistent with previous studies on sensation seeking. Sensation seeking was captured using an existing measure, the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (Hoyle et al, 2002). Media usage was captured by measuring the self reported usage of various media types. Results did not support H1a and b. HSS did not show higher levels of usage of alternative media such as the internet showing in fact lower mean levels of usage than all the other types of media. The highest media type used by HSS was print media, suggesting that there is a revolt against the mainstream. Results support H2a and b that HSS are more frequent users of the internet than LSS or MSS. Further analysis revealed that there are significant differences in the use of print media between HSS and LSS, suggesting that HSS may seek out more specialized print publications in their respective extreme sport activity. Hypothesis 3a and b showed that HSS use Facebook/My Space more frequently than either LSS or MSS. There were no significant differences in the use of chat rooms between LSS and HSS, so as a consequence no support for H4a, although significant for MSS H4b. Respondents with varying levels of disinhibition were expected to have different levels of use of Facebook/My Space and chat-rooms. There was support for the higher levels of use of Facebook/My Space for those with high levels of disinhibition than low or medium levels, supporting H5a and b. Similarly there was support for H6b, Those with high levels of disinhibition use chat-rooms significantly more than those with medium levels but not for low levels (H6a). The findings are counterintuitive and give some interesting insights for managers. First, although HSS use online media more frequently than LSS or MSS, this groups use of online media is less than either print or broadcast media. The advertising executive should not place too much emphasis on online media for this important market segment. Second, social media, such as facebook/Myspace and chatrooms should be examined by managers as potential ways to reach this group. Finally, there is some implication for public policy by the higher levels of use of social media by those who are disinhibited. These individuals are more inclined to engage in more socially risky behavior which may have some dire implications, e.g. by internet predators or future employers. There is a limitation in the study in that only those who engage in extreme sports are included. This is by nature a HSS activity. A broader population is therefore needed to test if these results hold. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 179-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730190 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730190 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:179-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Venessa Martin Funches Author-X-Name-First: Venessa Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Funches Author-Name: William Foxx Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Foxx Author-Name: Eun Joo Park Author-X-Name-First: Eun Joo Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Eun Young Kim Author-X-Name-First: Eun Young Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Assessing the Damage: An Exploratory Examination of Electronic Word of Mouth Abstract: This study attempts to examine the influence that negative WOM (NWOM) has in an online context. It specifically focuses on the impact of the service failure description and the perceived intention of the communication provider on consumer evaluations of firm competence, attitude toward the firm, positive word of mouth and behavioral intentions. Studies of communication persuasiveness focus on "who says what; to whom; in which channel; with what effect (Chiu 2007)." In this research study, we examine electronic web posting, particularly focusing on two aspects of "what": the level of service failure communicated and perceived intention of the individual posting. It stands to reason electronic NWOM that appears to be trying to damage a product's or firm's reputation will be viewed as more biased and will thus be considered as less credible. According to attribution theory, people search for the causes of events especially those that are negative and unexpected (Weiner 2006). Hennig-Thurau and Walsh (2003) state "since the reader has only limited knowledge and trust of the author of an online articulation the quality of the contribution could be expected to serve as a potent moderator of the articulation-behavior relationship. We therefore posit the following hypotheses: H1. Subjects exposed to electronic NWOM describing a high level of service failure will provide lower scores on measures of (a) firm competence, (b) attitude toward the firm, (c) positive word of mouth, and (d) behavioral intention than will subjects exposed to electronic NWOM describing a low level of service failure. H2. Subjects exposed to electronic NWOM with a warning intent will provide lower scores on measures of (a) firm competence, (b) attitude toward the firm, (c) positive word of mouth, and (d) behavioral intention than will subjects exposed to electronic NWOM with a vengeful intent. H3. Level of service failure in electronic NWOM will interact with the perceived intention of the electronic NWOM, such that there will be a decrease in mean response on measures of (a) firm competence, (b) attitude toward the firm, (c) positive word of mouth, and (d) behavioral intention from electronic NWOM with a warning intent to a vengeful intent. The main study involved a 2 (service failure severity) x 2 (NWOM with warning versus vengeful intent) factorial experiment. Stimuli were presented to subjects online using a mock online web posting. The scenario described a service failure associated with non-acceptance of a gift card in a brick-and-mortar retail establishment. A national sample was recruited through an online research firm. A total of 113 subjects participated in the study. A total of 104 surveys were analyzed. The scenario was perceived to be realistic with 92.3% giving the scenario a greater than average response. Manipulations were satisfactory. Measures were pre-tested and validated. Items were analyzed and found reliable and valid. MANOVA results found the multivariate interaction was not significant, allowing our interpretation to proceed to the main effects. Significant main effects were found for post intent and service failure severity. The post intent main effect was attributable to attitude toward the firm, positive word of mouth and behavioral intention. The service failure severity main effect was attributable to all four dependent variables: firm competence, attitude toward the firm, positive word of mouth and behavioral intention. Specifically, firm competence for electronic NWOM describing high severity of service failure was lower than electronic NWOM describing low severity of service failure. Attitude toward the firm for electronic NWOM describing high severity of service failure was lower than electronic NWOM describing low severity of service failure. Positive word of mouth for electronic NWOM describing high severity of service failure was lower than electronic NWOM describing low severity of service failure. Behavioral intention for electronic NWOM describing high severity of service failure was lower for electronic NWOM describing low severity of service failure. Therefore, H1a, H1b, H1c and Hid were all supported. In addition, attitude toward the firm for electronic NWOM with a warning intent was lower than electronic NWOM with a vengeful intent. Positive word of mouth for electronic NWOM with a warning intent was lower than electronic NWOM with a vengeful intent. Behavioral intention for electronic NWOM with a warning intent was lower than electronic NWOM with a vengeful intent. Thus, H2b, H2c and H2d were supported However, H2a was not supported though results were in the hypothesized direction. Otherwise, there was no significant multivariate service failure severity by post intent interaction, nor was there a significant univariate service failure severity by post intent interaction for any of the three hypothesized variables. Thus, H3 was not supported for any of the four hypothesized variables. This study has research and managerial implications. The findings of this study support prior research that service failure severity impacts consumer perceptions, attitude, positive word of mouth and behavioral intentions (Weun et al. 2004). Of further relevance, this response is evidenced in the online context, suggesting the need for firms to engage in serious focused service recovery efforts. With respect to perceived intention of electronic NWOM, the findings support prior research suggesting reader's attributions of the intentions of a source influence the strength of its impact on perceptions, attitude, positive word of mouth and behavioral intentions. The implication for managers suggests while consumers do find online communications to be credible and influential, not all communications are weighted the same. A benefit of electronic WOM, even when it may be potentially damaging, is it can be monitored for potential problems and additionally offers the possibility of redress Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 188-198 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730191 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730191 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:188-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Molly Inhofe Rapert Author-X-Name-First: Molly Inhofe Author-X-Name-Last: Rapert Author-Name: Christopher Newman Author-X-Name-First: Christopher Author-X-Name-Last: Newman Author-Name: Seong-Yeon Park Author-X-Name-First: Seong-Yeon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Eun Mi Lee Author-X-Name-First: Eun Mi Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Seeking a Better Place: Sustainability in the CPG Industry Abstract: For us, there is virtually no distinction between being a responsible citizen and a successful business… they are one and the same for Wal-Mart today. ~ Lee Scott, Wal-Mart CEO after the 2005 Katrina disaster; cited in Green to Gold (Esty and Winston 2006). Lee Scott's statement signaled a new era in sustainability as manufacturers and retailers around the globe watched the world's largest mass merchandiser confirm its intentions with respect to sustainability. For decades, the environmental movement has grown, slowly bleeding over into the corporate world. Companies have been born, products have been created, academic journals have been launched, and government initiatives have been undertaken--all in the pursuit of sustainability (Peattie and Crane 2005). While progress has been admittedly slower than some may desire, the emergence and entrance of environmentally concerned mass merchandisers has done much to help with sustainable efforts. To better understand this movement, we incorporate the perspectives of both executives and consumers involved in the consumer packaged goods (CPG) industry. This research relies on three underlying themes: (1) Conceptual and anecdotal evidence suggests that companies undertake sustainability initiatives for a plethora of reasons, (2) The number of sustainability initiatives continues to increase in the consumer packaged goods industries, and (3) That it is, therefore, necessary to explore the role that sustainability plays in the minds of consumers. In light of these themes, surveys were administered to and completed by 143 college students and 101 business executives to assess a number of variables in regards to sustainability including willingness-to-pay, behavioral intentions, attitudes, willingness-to-pay, and preferences. Survey results indicate that the top three reasons why executives believe sustainability to be important include (1) the opportunity for profitability, (2) the fulfillment of an obligation to the environment, and (3) a responsibility to customers and shareholders. College students identified the top three reasons as (1) a responsibility to the environment, (2) an indebtedness to future generations, and (3) an effective management of resources. While the rationale for supporting sustainability efforts differed between college students and executives, the executives and consumers reported similar responses for the majority of the remaining sustainability issues. Furthermore, when we asked consumers to assess the importance of six key issues (healthcare, economy, education, crime, government spending, and environment) previously identified as important to consumers by Gallup Poll, protecting the environment only ranked fourth out of the six (Carlson 2005). While all six of these issues were identified as important, the top three that emerged as most important were (1) improvements in education, (2) the economy, and (3) health care. As the pursuit and incorporation of sustainability continues to evolve, so too will the expected outcomes. New definitions of performance that reflect the social/business benefits as well as the lengthened implementation period are relevant and warranted (Ehrenfeld 2005; Hitchcock and Willard 2006). We identified three primary categories of outcomes based on a literature review of both anecdotal and conceptual expectations of sustainability: (1) improvements in constituent satisfaction, (2) differentiation opportunities, and (3) financial rewards. Within each of these categories, several specific outcomes were identified resulting in eleven different outcomes arising from sustainability initiatives. Our survey results indicate that the top five most likely outcomes for companies that pursue sustainability are: (1) green consumers will be more satisfied, (2) company image will be better, (3) corporate responsibility will be enhanced, (4) energy costs will be reduced, and (5) products will be more innovative. Additionally, to better understand the interesting intersection between the environmental "identity" of a consumer and the willingness to manifest that identity with marketplace purchases, we extended prior research developed by Experian Research (2008). Accordingly, respondents were categorized as one of four types of green consumers (Behavioral Greens, Think Greens, Potential Greens, or True Browns) to garner a better understanding of the green consumer in addition to assisting with a more effective interpretation of results. We assessed these consumers' willingness to engage in eco-friendly behavior by evaluating three options: (1) shopping at retailers that support environmental initiatives, (2) paying more for products that protect the environment, and (3) paying higher taxes so the government can support environmental initiatives. Think Greens expressed the greatest willingness to change, followed by Behavioral Greens, Potential Greens, and True Browns. These differences were all significant at p>.01. Further Conclusions and Implications We have undertaken a descriptive study which seeks to enhance our understanding of the strategic domain of sustainability. Specifically, this research fills a gap in the literature by comparing and contrasting the sustainability views of business executives and consumers with specific regard to preferences, intentions, willingness-to-pay, behavior, and attitudes. For practitioners, much can be gained from a strategic standpoint. In addition to the many results already reported, respondents also reported than willing to pay more for products that protect the environment. Other specific results indicate that female respondents consistently communicate a stronger willingness than males to pay more for these products and to shop at eco-friendly retailers. Knowing this additional information, practitioners can now have a more specific market in which to target and communicate their sustainability efforts. While this research is only an initial step towards understanding sirnilarities and differences among practitioners and consumers regarding sustainability, it presents original findings that contribute to both practice and research. Future research should be directed toward examining other variables affecting this relationship, as well as other specific industries. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 199-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730192 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730192 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:199-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyunjoung Lee Author-X-Name-First: Hyunjoung Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Sohyoun Shin Author-X-Name-First: Sohyoun Author-X-Name-Last: Shin Author-Name: Sanguk Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sanguk Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Surrogate Internet Shopping Malls: The Effects of Consumers' Perceived Risk and Product Evaluations on Country-of-Buying-Origin Image Abstract: Internet has grown fast and become one of the most important retail channels now. Various types of Internet retailers, hereafter etailers, have been introduced so far and as one type of Internet shopping mall, 'surrogate Internet shopping mall' has been prosperous and attracting consumers in the domestic market. Surrogate Internet shopping mall is a unique type of etailer that globally purchases well-known brand goods that are not imported in the market, completes delivery in the favor of individual buyers, and collects fees for these specific services. The consumers, who are usually interested in purchasing high-end and unique but not eligible brands, have difficulties to purchase these items overseas directly from the retailers or brands in other countries due to worries of payment failure and no address available for their usually domestic only delivery. In Korea, both numbers of surrogate Internet shopping malls and the magnitude of sales have been growing rapidly up to more than 430 active malls and 500 billion Korean won in 2008 since the population of consumers who want this agent shopping service is also expending. This etail business concept is originated from 'surrogate-mediated purchase' and this type of shopping agent has existed in many different forms and also in wide ranges of context level for quite a long time. As marketers face their individual buyers' representatives instead of a direct contact with them in many occasions, the impact of surrogate shoppers on consumer's decision making has been enormously important and many scholars have explored various range of agent's impact on consumer's purchase decisions in marketing and psychology field. However, not much rigorous research in the Internet commerce has been conveyed yet. Moreover, since as one of the shopping agent surrogate Internet shopping malls specifically connect overseas brands or retailers to domestic consumers, one specific character of the mall's, image of surrogate buying country, where surrogate purchases are conducted in, may play an important role to form consumers' attitude and purchase intention toward products. Furthermore it also possibly affects various dimensions of perceived risk in consumer's information processing. However, though tremendous researches have been carried exploring the effects of diverse dimensions of country of origin, related studies in Internet context has been rarely executed. There have been some studies that prove the positive impact of country of origin on consumer's evaluations as one of information clues in product manufacture descriptions, yet studies detecting the relationship between country image of surrogate buying origin and product evaluations rarely undertaken regarding this specific mall type. Thus, the authors have found it well-worth investigating in this specific retail channel and explored systematic relationships among focal constructs and elaborated their different paths. The authors have proven that country image of surrogate buying origin in the mall, where surrogate malls purchase products in and brings them from for buyers, not only has a positive effect on consumers' product evaluations including attitude and purchase intention but also has a negative effect on all three dimensions of perceived risk: product-related risk, shipping-related risk, and post-purchase risk. Specifically among all the perceived risk, product-related risk which is arisen from high uncertainty of product performance is most affected (β = -.30) by negative country image of surrogate buying origin, and also shipping-related risk (β= -.18) and post-purchase risk (β= -.15) get influenced in order. Its direct effects on product attitude (β= .10) and purchase intention (β= .14) are also secured. Each of perceived risk dimension is proven to have a negative effect on purchase intention through product attitude as a mediator (β= -.57: product-related risk → product attitude; β = -.24: shipping-related risk → product attitude; β = -.44: post-purchase risk → product attitude) as well. From the additional analysis, the paths of consumers' information processing are shown to be different based on their levels of product knowledge. While novice consumers with low level of knowledge consider only perceived risk important, expert consumers with high level of knowledge take both the country image, where surrogate services are conducted in, and perceived risk seriously to build their attitudes and formulate decisions toward products more delicately and systematically, which is in line with previous studies. This study suggests several pieces of academic and practical advice. Precisely, country image of surrogate buying origin does affect on consumer's risk perceptions and behavioral consequences. Therefore a careful selection of surrogate buying origin is recommended. Furthermore, reducing consumers' risk level is required to blossom this new type of retail business whether its consumer are novices or experts, Additionally, since consumer take different paths of elaborating information based on their knowledge levels, sophisticated marketing approaches to each group of consumers are required, For novice buyers strong devices for risk mitigation are needed to induce them to form better attitudes and for experts selections of better and advanced countries as surrogate buying origins are advised while endorsement strategy for the site might work as a reliable information clue to al consumers to mitigate the barriers to purchase goods online. The authors have also explained that the study suffers from some limitations, including generalizability, In future studies, tests of and comparisons among different types of etailers with relevant constructs are recommended to broaden the findings. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 208-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730193 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730193 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:208-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weiwei Jia Author-X-Name-First: Weiwei Author-X-Name-Last: Jia Author-Name: Saebum Kim Author-X-Name-First: Saebum Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The Mediating Effect of Experiential Value on Customers' Perceived Value of Digital Content: China's Anti-virus Program Market Abstract: Digital content makes big changes to our daily lives while bringing opportunities and challenges for companies. Creative firms integrate pictures, texts, videos, audios, and data by digitalization to develop new products or services and create digital experiences to promote their brands. Most articles on digital content contribute to the basic concept or development of marketing it in literature. Actually, compared with traditional value chains for common products or services, the digital content industry seems to have more potential value. Because quite a bit of digital content is free to the consumer, price is not necessarily perceived as an indicator of the quality or value of information (Rowley 2008). It becomes evident that a current theme in digital content is the issue of "value," and research on customers' perceived value of digital content is a necessity. This article argues that experiential value has an advantage in customers' evaluations of digital content. Two different but related contributions to the understanding of "value" of digital content are made here. First, based on the comparison of digital content with products and services, the article proposes two key characteristics that make experiential strategy available for digital content: intangibility and near-zero reproduction cost. On top of that, based on the discussion of the gap between company's idealized value and customer's perceived value, this article emphasizes that digital content prices and pricing of digital content is different from products and services. As a result of intangibility, prices may not reflect customer value. Moreover, the cost of digital content in the development stage may be very high while reproduction costs shrink dramatically. Moreover, because of the value gap mentioned before, the pricing polices vary for different digital contents. For example, flat price policy is generally used for movies and music (Magiera 2001; Netherby 2002), while for continuous demand, digital content such as online games and anti-virus programs involves a more complicated matter of utility and competitive price levels. Digital content companies have to explore various kinds of strategies to overcome this gap. Rethinking marketing solutions such as advertisements, images, and word-of-mouth and their effect on customers' perceived value becomes essential. China's digital content industry is becoming more and more globalized and drawing special attention from different countries and regions that have respective competitive advantages. The 2008--2009 Annual Report on the Development of China's Digital Content Industry (CCID Consulting 2009) indicates that, with the driven power of domestic demand and governmental policy support, the country's digital content industry maintained a fast growth of some 30 percent in 2008, obviously indicating the initial stage of industry expansion. In China, anti-virus programs and other software programs which need to be updated use a quarter-based pricing policy. Customers can download a trial version for free and use it for six months or a year. If they want to use it longer, continuous payment is needed. They examine the excellence of the digital content during this trial period and decide whether to pay for continued usage. For China's music and movie industries, as a result of initial development, experiential strategy has not been much applied, even though firms in other countries find the trial experience and explore important strategies(such as customers listening to music for several seconds for free before downloading it). For the above reasons, anti-virus program may be a representative for digital content industry in China and an exploratory study of the advantage of experiential value in customer's perceived value of digital content is done in the anti-virus market of China. In order to enhance the reliability of the survey data, this study focused on people who were experienced users of anti-virus programs. The empirical results revealed that experiential value has a positive effect on customers' perceived value of digital content. In other words, because digital content is intangible and the reproduction costs are nearly zero, customers' evaluations are based heavily on their experience. Moreover, image and word-of-mouth do not have a positive effect on perceived value, only on experiential value. That is to say, a digital content value chain is different from that of a general product or service. Experiential value has a notable advantage and mediates the effect of image and word-of-mouth on perceived value. The results of this study help provide an understanding of why free digital content downloads exist in developing countries. Customers can perceive the value of digital content only by using and experiencing it. This is also why such governments support the development of digital content. Other developing countries whose digital content business is also in the beginning stage can make use of the suggestions here. Moreover, based on the advantage of experiential strategy, companies should make more of an effort to invest in customers' experience, As a result of the characteristics and value gap of digital content, customers perceive more value in the intangible digital content only by experiencing what they really want Moreover, because of the near-zero reproduction costs, companies can perhaps use experiential strategy to enhance customer understanding of digital content. Journal: Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science Pages: 219-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/12297119.2010.9730194 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12297119.2010.9730194 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:219-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kihan Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kihan Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Jeffrey James Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey Author-X-Name-Last: James Title: Sport marketing and media research: contributions from the global network of scholars in sport management Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-7 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:1-7 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dae Hee Kwak Author-X-Name-First: Dae Hee Author-X-Name-Last: Kwak Author-Name: Stephen R. McDaniel Author-X-Name-First: Stephen R. Author-X-Name-Last: McDaniel Title: The effects of variance in perceived message sensation value and optimum stimulation levels on consumer responses to ads promoting violent sports media Abstract: The current study adds to the sport marketing and media literature on the effect of individual differences (sensation seeking; SS) on the consumption of violent sport media. It extends the literature on SS and Perceived Message Sensation Value (PMSV) by exploring the role of image intensity in subjects' responses to print ads promoting an after-market sports media product (i.e., a sport highlights DVD) for a violent combative sport (Mixed Martial Arts; MMA). Image intensity (violence) is manipulated in the ad stimuli to present high- and low-PMSV advertisements. A personality trait (SS) and the order of ad stimuli presentation were included as moderators. A 2 (PMSV: high/low) × 2 (SS: high/low) × 2 (ad presentation order) mixed design involving US undergraduate students (N = 270) is employed to test the hypotheses. The results of this study generally support the PMSV main effect on ad responses, suggesting that a high-PMSV ad elicits higher arousal and a more favorable attitude toward the ad (AAd) than a low-PMSV ad. Meanwhile, the moderating role of SS received limited support. The study provides preliminary evidence that the sequence of exposure to media with varying levels of (sport) violence moderates the effects of PMSV on ad response. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 8-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744506 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744506 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:8-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Natalie Brown Author-X-Name-First: Natalie Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Yunjae Cheong Author-X-Name-First: Yunjae Author-X-Name-Last: Cheong Title: Measuring the advertising efficiency of the top US sports advertisers Abstract: This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to analyze the advertising efficiency of 26 companies featured in Sports Business Journal's list of the top 50 sports advertisers from 2009. The input variables included sports media spending and non-sports media spending, as well as the total amount of money each company spent in each of the following media: magazines, national spot radio, network television, cable television, and spot television. The output variables were gross profits and brand value. The results showed that half of all the analyzed companies were operating inefficiently and needed to reduce advertising expenditures by an average of 20% while maintaining their current output levels in order to become efficient. The researchers also include a call for further research in this area. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 23-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:23-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Doyeon Won Author-X-Name-First: Doyeon Author-X-Name-Last: Won Author-Name: Meungguk Park Author-X-Name-First: Meungguk Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Young-joo Lee Author-X-Name-First: Young-joo Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Factors influencing college students' choice of a charity sport event Abstract: This study investigated the relative importance of five selected charity sport event (CSE) attributes that influence the likelihood of college students attending a CSE. The result of a conjoint analysis (N = 397) revealed that college students, when choosing a CSE, were most concerned about the sport activity provided, followed by the cause or host organization, participation fee, reference source, and participation gift. The study also found gender differences related to the relative importance of the selected CSE attributes. Subsequent cluster and sensitivity analyses were conducted as practical applications of a conjoint analysis. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 41-54 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744510 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744510 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:41-54 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Choonghoon Lim Author-X-Name-First: Choonghoon Author-X-Name-Last: Lim Author-Name: Woo-Young Lee Author-X-Name-First: Woo-Young Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Paul M. Pedersen Author-X-Name-First: Paul M. Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen Title: Investigating the moderating role of sport service type and personality on audiences' emotional responses to hedonic vs. cognitive advertisements Abstract: Although advertising theorists have suggested that for maximum effectiveness the type of message appeal needs to match the type of service offered (i.e., a rational advertisement message appeal is more effective for a utilitarian service; an emotional advertisement message approach is suitable for a hedonic service), empirical inquiry in the area of advertising for services has produced contradictory evidence. After considering the limitations of previous research, this study utilized a series of mixed experimental designs to examine the moderating role of the type of sport service and personality trait (i.e., sensation seeking) on the relationship between the type of advertisement message and the consumers' emotional responses. The mixed measures ANCOVA results revealed that sensation seeking fails to show a moderating effect between the type of message appeal and participants' emotional responses. However, sport service type moderates the effect of the advertising message on the participants' emotional responses, indicating that the proper usage of advertising message strategies might improve the effectiveness of advertising for the service segment of the sport industry. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 55-71 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744511 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744511 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:55-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eunha Chun Author-X-Name-First: Eunha Author-X-Name-Last: Chun Author-Name: Jane Ko Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Jieun Lee Author-X-Name-First: Jieun Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Title: The effect of sports event tourism on event attitude and the brand equity of sportswear sponsors Abstract: The present study aims to understand the process through which sports event tourism experiences mediate event attitude and, consequently, the brand equity of sportswear sponsors. First, the results of the study show that of the four experiential components of sports event tourism (i.e., "sense", "feel", "think", and "relate"), the "feel" and "relate" components were identified as antecedent variables that create positive event attitudes. Second, event attitude was found to have a significant effect on brand awareness and brand image, but the relationship between event attitude and brand loyalty was rejected. Third, for the brand equity of sportswear sponsors, brand awareness positively affected brand image and loyalty, and brand image positively affected brand loyalty. The results of the present study provide foundational data for sportswear marketers that engage in sports event sponsorship as a strategic marketing tool and for those who seek to devise effective communication strategies to increase brand equity through sports event tourism. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 72-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744512 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744512 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:72-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yongjae Kim Author-X-Name-First: Yongjae Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Soojin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Soojin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Segmenting sport video gamers by motivation: a cluster analysis Abstract: Using the Uses and Gratifications paradigm, the present study examines motives for playing sport video games (SVG). Based on motivations, this study identifies segments of SVG users using a cluster analysis, and then explores potential similarities and differences between segments based upon demographic and behavioral variables. With a sample of 378 SVG users from four popular video game websites, the cluster analysis yielded two distinct clusters: Fun seekers and Fantasy seekers. Results indicated that the members of each cluster seek various gratifications from SVG use. Each cluster also was further distinguished based upon gender, marital status, and media consumption behaviors. Implications are discussed relative to virtual sport experience in the mediated environment and its corresponding marketing strategies. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 92-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744513 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744513 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:92-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph H. Moore Author-X-Name-First: Joseph H. Author-X-Name-Last: Moore Author-Name: Anne Carlson Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Carlson Title: Reaching the audience: new communication technology practices in college sports public relations Abstract: The Internet has created new communication alternatives and challenges in public relations. Despite the increase in social media and multimedia in college sports public relations, no research has been conducted into which tools are utilized most, where those tools may be found on athletic websites, or how PR offices utilize such tools. This study intends to fill that gap. Grounded in a co-orientation model of communication, it utilized a content analysis of college athletic websites (N = 120) and a telephone survey with 16 college sports public relations professionals. Twitter, Facebook and RSS feeds are the social media tools utilized most often, while live video and audio and archived video are the most frequently used multimedia tools. Most tools are identified by a graphic in the right-hand column on departments' home pages. Tools are used primarily for disseminating information. Usually the director maintains the site alone without a published policy. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 109-126 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.744515 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.744515 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:109-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christofer Pihl Author-X-Name-First: Christofer Author-X-Name-Last: Pihl Title: When customers create the ad and sell it - a value network approach Abstract: Within marketing research, the notion of "vigilante marketers" has been offered to describe consumers' increased participation in the production of marketing messages and processes of value co-creation. Using a value network approach, the purpose of this study is to explain the role of vigilante marketers in their interaction with firms seeking to impose managerial control and influence processes of co-creation of brand values. A netnography of the content produced by 18 market-leading fashion bloggers in Sweden was conducted during 2009. This study revealed that these fashion bloggers are part of an emergent value network and have realised the value that they co-create for brands using various forms of vigilante marketing. The findings presented in this paper challenge the notion of vigilante marketing as an independent and unpaid activity, illustrating how a value network approach can facilitate the study of the borderlands emerging between consumers and producers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 127-143 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.763487 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.763487 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:127-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sunmee Choi Author-X-Name-First: Sunmee Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Author-Name: Jihyun Baek Author-X-Name-First: Jihyun Author-X-Name-Last: Baek Author-Name: Hayoung Kang Author-X-Name-First: Hayoung Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Title: Customer contact employees' commitment to extra-role customer service: the effect of internal service quality perception Abstract: The important role of customer contact employees in creating superior customer service quality has been well demonstrated. Accordingly, extensive research has been conducted to identify antecedents of their commitment to customer service. The effect of internal service quality has been proposed as one such factor, but has not been empirically tested. We intend to fill this gap in this study. Specifically, we examine the exclusive role of perceived internal service quality in forming employee commitment to extra-role customer service by controlling the effects of other proven antecedents such as training, empowerment, and reward. Extra-role customer service refers to employees' discretionary behaviors extending beyond the formal role requirements. Using data collected through a survey of 245 customer contact employees at 22 full service hotels in Seoul, we first identified the dimensions of customer contact employees' perceptions of internal service quality and then examined their effect on employee commitment to extra-role customer service. Results demonstrated the significant effect of the responsiveness dimension of the internal service quality. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 144-158 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.760922 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.760922 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:144-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang-Lin Han Author-X-Name-First: Sang-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: Hyunseok Song Author-X-Name-First: Hyunseok Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Jerry J. Han Author-X-Name-First: Jerry J. Author-X-Name-Last: Han Title: Effects of technology readiness on prosumer attitude and eWOM Abstract: In today's technology-based market environment, consumers sometimes produce a product idea or innovation to use themselves in order to fulfill their needs. They are called "prosumers" (Toffler, 1980). According to the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, innovation is relevant to technological growth, and consumers who have a positive view of new technology have a tendency to be innovators (Rogers, 1995). To what degree are consumers ready for new technology? We tried to use the concept of the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) to explain the antecedent factors of prosumer attitude and electronic word of mouth (eWOM). In this article, we attempt to conceptualize the prosumer, discover whether a consumer's positive or negative view of technology has an effect on attitudes related to becoming a prosumer, and show that prosumers' attitudes can be related to eWOM, which is one of the practical activities carried out by consumers in today's market environment. The goals of this article, and how they will be achieved, are as follows: (ⅰ) to conceptualize the prosumer, the authors select constructs from previous literature studied by similar groups - such as opinion leaders, innovators, early adopters and DIY consumers (ⅱ) - to investigate the effect of consumers' TRI on the prosumers' attitudes; (ⅲ) to explain the effect of prosumers' attitudes on eWOM. In the conclusion to this study, the authors suggest managerial implications and future directions of study. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 159-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.760924 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.760924 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:159-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter S.H. Leeflang Author-X-Name-First: Peter S.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Leeflang Author-Name: Penny N. Spring Author-X-Name-First: Penny N. Author-X-Name-Last: Spring Author-Name: Jenny Van Doorn Author-X-Name-First: Jenny Author-X-Name-Last: Van Doorn Author-Name: Tom Wansbeek Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Wansbeek Title: Identifying the direct mail-prone consumer Abstract: Current modeling research in target marketing usually stresses the identification of profitable names for specific mailings. There is little recent research about the characteristics of typical direct mail (DM) customers. In this paper we determine the link between customers' socio-demographic characteristics and their propensity to purchase products through the mail. We hypothesize the existence of a latent variable, DM-proneness, which represents a consumer's tendency to shop via direct mail. Our model links the socio-demographics of customers to their self-reported purchase behavior through the latent variable of DM-proneness in a Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model. We also introduce a second latent variable, DM information interest, which represents the desire to receive direct offers through the mail. The model allows for testing the influence of DM information interest on DM-proneness. We fit the model to actual consumer data using the LISREL program. The findings show that the characteristics of the DM-prone and the DM information-interested are similar, and that DM information interest appears to directly affect DM-proneness. The DM-prone consumer is identified as relatively younger, with somewhat lower education, rather well-off, from a relatively large family, and relatively more likely to have a female head of the household. We also show that consumers' tendency to shop via direct mail can be captured by a latent variable approach, and that DM-proneness can be quite well predicted by demographic consumer characteristics. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 175-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.760923 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.760923 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:175-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaakko Aspara Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Aspara Author-Name: Joel Hietanen Author-X-Name-First: Joel Author-X-Name-Last: Hietanen Author-Name: Pekka Mattila Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Mattila Author-Name: Antti Sihvonen Author-X-Name-First: Antti Author-X-Name-Last: Sihvonen Author-Name: Henrikki Tikkanen Author-X-Name-First: Henrikki Author-X-Name-Last: Tikkanen Title: Generative mechanisms in project marketing - an agenda for inquiry Abstract: Project-based exchanges have become the dominant mode of doing business for many industrial firms, and therefore research into project marketing activities has come to be of interest for many B2B academicians. In this study, we contribute to this discourse by proposing three macro-level generative mechanisms for connecting project marketing to business performance. To do so, we outline a critical realist philosophy of science and suggest generative mechanisms that constitute business performance. Specifically, the mechanisms we propose are: (1) project construction, (2) project implementation, and (3) project transition & leveraging. Additionally, we suggest that these mechanisms and the micro-mechanisms of which they are constituted could be explored from a critical realist perspective through the use of event-structure analysis (ESA) and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 196-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.769330 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.769330 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:196-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seong-Yeon Park Author-X-Name-First: Seong-Yeon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Seung Wha Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seung Wha Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Effects of a perceived brand crisis on product evaluation and purchase intention: the moderating roles of brand credibility and brand attachment Abstract: Since a crisis always arises unexpectedly, companies are often unprepared to face it. It is obvious that no company can be perfectly safe from crises, and even the greatest company has the possibility to face a crisis. In fact, exposing a company's negative information results in a decrease in corporate credibility, brand loyalty, and corporate asset values. Existing brand crisis literature focuses on the corporate response effectiveness in strategic response time and the way to respond to a company's crisis. However, limited research is found regarding customer perceptions in a brand crisis situation. The purpose of this study is to examine how a perceived brand crisis affects consumer's product evaluation and purchase intention and to figure out how brand credibility and brand attachment moderate such effects. That is, this study examines whether brand credibility and brand attachment mitigate the negative effects in a brand crisis situation. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 213-226 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.763488 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.763488 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:213-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Bridging Asia and the world in marketing competitiveness: introduction to the special issue Abstract: This special issue of the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, "Bridging Asia and the World in Marketing Competitiveness," introduces four articles selected from papers presented during the EMAC/KSMS Joint Symposium 2012 European Marketing Academy Conference held on 22-25 May 2012. The articles in this special issue discuss recent issues in marketing theory, research, and practice, connecting marketing scholars and readers in Asia and around the globe. Special issue topics embrace supplier-manufacturer relationships, green consumption, global and domestic SPA brands, and mobile direct experience in Asia and the world. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 227-230 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.793504 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.793504 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:227-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junyean Moon Author-X-Name-First: Junyean Author-X-Name-Last: Moon Author-Name: Surinder Tikoo Author-X-Name-First: Surinder Author-X-Name-Last: Tikoo Title: Suppliers' capability factors affecting manufacturer commitment, opportunism, and supplier performance Abstract: This study extends the research on the capabilities-dependence-outcomes model in manufacturer-supplier relationships. Specifically, it examines the role of benefit-based and cost-based dependence in connecting relationships between supplier capabilities and manufacturer commitment. It also examines the impact of manufacturer commitment on supplier sales performance and manufacturer opportunism. Data from a survey of 131 suppliers of three leading Korean manufacturers are used to test the model of this research. A key finding is that suppliers should strive to generate benefit-based manufacturer dependence. Our results also indicate that supplier commitment in transaction-specific investments begets manufacturer commitment. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 231-244 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.788363 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.788363 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:231-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyun Ju Lee Author-X-Name-First: Hyun Ju Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Seong-Yeon Park Author-X-Name-First: Seong-Yeon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Environmental orientation in going green: A qualitative approach to consumer psychology and sociocultural factors of green consumption Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 245-262 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.788366 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.788366 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:245-262 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eun Young Kim Author-X-Name-First: Eun Young Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Kyungae Park Author-X-Name-First: Kyungae Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Marketing mix elements influencing brand attitude strength: Global vs. domestic SPA brands Abstract: This study estimates a path model to examine the relationships among marketing mix elements, brand attitudes and purchase intentions, and compares the path models between global and domestic SPA brands. For this study, four SPA brands, including domestic brands (Codes Combine and Who-a-u) and global brands (Zara and Uniqlo), were selected based on purchase experience with the brands. A total of 276 usable responses were obtained from Korean consumers aged from 18 to 32 who met the major target audience of the selected SPA brands in Korea. Finding showed that marketing mix elements consisted of "merchandise assortment", "store", and "lower pricing" in the SPA brands. For the total sample, an estimated model showed that "merchandise assortment" and "store" were significantly related to brand attitude strength, which led to purchase intentions. Multi-group analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the effects of "store" on cognitive attitude and on purchase intentions between global and domestic brands, and significant difference in the effect of affective attitude on purchase intentions between the two groups. Managerial implications were discussed in relation to devising a strategic marketing mix for a successful fast fashion business in a competitive marketplace. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 263-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.788364 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.788364 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:263-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Ki Hoon Lee Author-X-Name-First: Ki Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Charles R. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Charles R. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: Effects of mobile direct experience on perceived interactivity and attitude toward smartphone applications Abstract: This study examines the effects of mobile direct experience on perceived interactivity, attitude toward smartphone applications, and purchase intention. Specifically, the study explains mobile direct experience and examines the relationships between direct experience and perceived interactivity, attitude toward smartphone applications, and purchase intention. Moreover, the study employs an experiment to examine key questions about the effects of direct experience among smartphone applications users. The results present the integrative framework of the roles of direct experience in the smartphone application context. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 282-296 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.788365 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.788365 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:282-296 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Eunha Chun Author-X-Name-First: Eunha Author-X-Name-Last: Chun Author-Name: Sangah Song Author-X-Name-First: Sangah Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Which content types increase participation in fashion social platforms? Abstract: Fashion social platforms are Web 2.0 platforms that allow users to share experience and knowledge related to fashion through active participation and allow the fashion industry to rapidly utilize this information. As an important factor in the competitiveness of the industry ecosystem, the role of such platforms has attracted attention; however, few studies have investigated the strategy behind this social platform. The purposes of this study are first, to define fashion social platforms and identify the framework of their content types by interviewing fashion companies and second, to verify the motivations for participation in the various platform content types by surveying consumers. In this study, we developed five content types (forum, lookbook, crowdsourcing, matching needs, and social sharing) and assessed consumers' motivations for participation (entertainment, economic, social, and information-seeking). Fashion social platforms can be utilized to provide broad insight into consumer behavior in the fashion industry and to allow young talent to create effective business networks and communicate with consumers easily and quickly. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 297-313 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.793503 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.793503 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:297-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yang-Im Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yang-Im Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Peter R.J. Trim Author-X-Name-First: Peter R.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Trim Title: An explanation of how a collectivist culture underpins the marketing strategy process in Japanese and South Korean electronics companies Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 314-337 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.791551 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.791551 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:314-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elina Koivisto Author-X-Name-First: Elina Author-X-Name-Last: Koivisto Author-Name: Pekka Mattila Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Mattila Author-Name: Anna Hänninen Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Hänninen Title: Building bridges between professionals - expectations and outcomes of participation in professional communities Abstract: This study illustrates the individual motivations and outcomes of professional community participation. The data for the study were collected using an online questionnaire, which was distributed among highly educated commercial professionals in various business areas. The questionnaire was composed of questions mapping attitudes and behaviors in professional communities. These data were analyzed using factor analysis and cluster analysis in order to define the underlying dimensions of professional communality and to form a typology of participants attending communal events and contributing to the knowledge of these communities.On the basis of factor analysis of the data, 11 factors influencing community participation emerged. These were: identification, employer's attitude, social interaction ties, trust, altruism, knowledge power, time and effort, reciprocity, brand image versus identity, reputation and status, and knowledge self-efficacy. Furthermore, when applying cluster analysis to the data, four different participation profiles could be extracted based on these factors. These were named communal altruists, information brokers, strongly committed professionals, and social capital hoarders. These groups differ significantly due to their expectations of outcomes as well as their behaviors within professional communities. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 338-355 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.791550 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.791550 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:338-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gaetano Aiello Author-X-Name-First: Gaetano Author-X-Name-Last: Aiello Author-Name: Raffaele Donvito Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: Donvito Author-Name: Tiziano Vescovi Author-X-Name-First: Tiziano Author-X-Name-Last: Vescovi Title: Creativity and passion between global branding and country of origin roots Abstract: This special issue of the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, "Creativity and Passion between Global Branding and Country of Origin Roots", includes five articles selected from papers presented during the IMTC/KSMS Joint Symposium 2012 Global Marketing Conference held from 19 to 22 July 2012. The articles in this special issue consider recent issues in marketing theory, research, and practice which are of interest for marketing scholars and readers around the globe. Special issue topics embrace brand-consumer relationships in a global environment, country-of-origin impact on business-to-consumer and business-to-business markets, and creativity at the territorial level from a network perspective. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 357-360 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.826478 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.826478 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:357-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bruno Godey Author-X-Name-First: Bruno Author-X-Name-Last: Godey Author-Name: Daniele Pederzoli Author-X-Name-First: Daniele Author-X-Name-Last: Pederzoli Author-Name: Gaetano Aiello Author-X-Name-First: Gaetano Author-X-Name-Last: Aiello Author-Name: Raffaele Donvito Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: Donvito Author-Name: Priscilla Chan Author-X-Name-First: Priscilla Author-X-Name-Last: Chan Author-Name: Junji Tsuchiya Author-X-Name-First: Junji Author-X-Name-Last: Tsuchiya Author-Name: Irina Ivanovna Skorobogatykh Author-X-Name-First: Irina Ivanovna Author-X-Name-Last: Skorobogatykh Author-Name: Bart Weitz Author-X-Name-First: Bart Author-X-Name-Last: Weitz Author-Name: Hyunjoo Oh Author-X-Name-First: Hyunjoo Author-X-Name-Last: Oh Author-Name: Rahul Singh Author-X-Name-First: Rahul Author-X-Name-Last: Singh Title: Modeling links between the decision-making process and luxury brand attachment: An international comparison Abstract: This research aims to extend the analysis of the factors influencing consumer purchase of luxury goods. The effects of brand and country of origin (CoO) on the purchase decision are specifically considered. A total sample of 1103 respondents in seven countries (China, France, India, Italy, Japan, Russia, USA) is analyzed through a structured questionnaire administered online. The research tests the scales of decision-making and brand attachment through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. It also tests the causal model of relationships between decision-making and luxury brand attachment.The richness of this research is related to the intercultural analysis of the results obtained in seven countries. These results concern the differences and similarities in: (1) defining the concept of country of origin (country of design, country of manufacture/country of assembly); (2) the combined effects of factors, including brand, CoO, price, guarantee, design and advertising, in the purchasing decision for luxury brands; and (3) the links between decision-making and attachment of the consumer to the luxury brand.The results are interesting in terms of management recommendations for a company that wishes to expand internationally into one of the geographic areas covered by this study, since significant differences are observed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 361-378 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.818283 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.818283 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:361-378 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raffaele Donvito Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: Donvito Author-Name: Gaetano Aiello Author-X-Name-First: Gaetano Author-X-Name-Last: Aiello Author-Name: Silvia Ranfagni Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Author-X-Name-Last: Ranfagni Title: Creative networks in Florence and Paris: empirical results on project networks Abstract: This article addresses the topic of creativity at the geographic territory level from a network perspective. Its objective is to propose an innovative representational model of creative networks in geographical territories that is suitable for analyzing the process of the management of creativity.This model aims to go beyond the boundaries of the creative industries (Florida, 2002; Stolarick & Florida, 2005) by identifying specific territorial networks with creative content. The new perspective adopted is based on the construction of project networks (Ramos & Ford, 2009). In order to identify territorially-based creative project networks, the authors utilize the concept of the network mobilizer (Mouzas & Naudé, 2007).Some managerial implications derive from the proposed model. With it, actors involved in territorial networks enhance their capabilities to know their network position and their contribution to creativity generation.The empirical research involves the territories of Florence and Paris, which historically have been distinguished by creativity. These territories are analyzed with a focus on high symbolic value goods. The methodology is based on face-to-face in-depth interviews with 10 network mobilizers. Through the perceptions of these network mobilizers, 15 project networks have been discovered. These project networks have been recreated based on the network picture (Ford & Redwood, 2005) outlined by the same mobilizers.The approach of this article is to focus on the creative content of the network interactions, rather than on the analysis of phenomena correlated with actors in the creative industries (Cooke & Lazzeretti, 2008; Lazzeretti, Boix, & Capone, 2008) linked to a territory. The perspective adopted in the model is based on the construction of project networks (Ramos & Ford, 2009), that is to say networks in which several actors participate, with the aim of realizing a specific, shared project. In order to identify territorially-based creative project networks, the authors utilize the concept of the network mobilizer (Mouzas & Naudé, 2007), that is, those particular actors who assume the position of network activator through the process of mobilization of activities and resources.The main theoretical result of the research is the generation of an innovative model for representing creativity at a territorial level that integrates a mainly qualitative analysis perspective together with quantitative tools. Some relevant managerial implications derive from the proposed model. With it, actors involved in territorial networks enhance their capabilities to know their specific network position and their contribution to creativity generation. It leads to a more acknowledged development of network relations, where actors increase their capabilities to shape a set of activities and resources to share within the network in order to strengthen creativity.The empirical research refers to the territories of Florence and Paris, which historically have been distinguished by creativity. In both territories, potential network mobilizers have been identified by the authors. Through the perceptions of these network mobilizers, project networks with potential implications for the Florentine and Parisian territories have been discovered and investigated. These project networks have been individually recreated based on the network picture (Ford & Redwood, 2005) outlined by these same mobilizers. The methodology is based on face-to-face in-depth interviews with 10 potential network mobilizers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 379-393 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.818282 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.818282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:379-393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elena Cedrola Author-X-Name-First: Elena Author-X-Name-Last: Cedrola Author-Name: Loretta Battaglia Author-X-Name-First: Loretta Author-X-Name-Last: Battaglia Title: Country-of-origin effect and firm reputation influence in business-to-business markets with high cultural distance Abstract: The paper aims to verify if country-of-origin effect matters in industrial sectors (BTB), particularly in business relations between firms belonging to markets with high cultural distance. The study was carried out on a sample of 338 firms in the quantitative phase and on 14 firms in the subsequent qualitative phase. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 394-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.818280 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.818280 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:394-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesca Checchinato Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Checchinato Author-Name: Marta Disegna Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Disegna Author-Name: Tiziano Vescovi Author-X-Name-First: Tiziano Author-X-Name-Last: Vescovi Title: Does country of origin affect brand associations? The case of Italian brands in China Abstract: Findings related to how country of origin affects consumers' product evaluations are still not consistent. Previous studies are mainly based on experiments and the results related to consumer judgements come from the elaboration of scores given to semantic scale items. Considering that brand image consists of a network of associations, the aim of this research is to evaluate how country of origin affects this entire network. An experiment was conducted involving 301 Chinese subjects to test the hypothesis that country stereotypes can be transferred to brands. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 409-421 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.818281 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.818281 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:409-421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michela Matarazzo Author-X-Name-First: Michela Author-X-Name-Last: Matarazzo Author-Name: Riccardo Resciniti Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo Author-X-Name-Last: Resciniti Title: Managing favorable product-country match in international markets: The case of "Made in Gessi" Abstract: Studies on country-of-origin effect (COO) largely show that product and country image is relevant in the field of perceptions and of quality evaluations of unfamiliar products. Roth and Romeo (1992) highlight that country image is product-specific and in situation of favorable product country match the emphasis of the perceived origin associations of products, created either through the language associated with the brand name or through advertising, can be very beneficial. This paper analyzes the remarkable case of a virtuous mid-sized company of the "made in Italy" operating in the bathroom furnishings industry, Gessi, in order to highlight how it exploits the congruent country image and the effects on its international marketing strategy. We start from the framework of Roth and Romeo (1992), which is discussed in the literature review and then refined through the empirical research.The findings suggest that while Gessi emphasizes the Italian origin of its products, rather than using the generic slogan "made in Italy", it has decided to use "made in Gessi", highlighting the place in which all the company's productive activities are carried out: the Gessi Park. The meanings do not arise spontaneously from territory, but from the company's strong personality.Gessi signifies a "private wellness" experience involving style, exclusivity, status, appearance, fashion, design, craftsmanship and quality. It needs hard investment in intellectual, human, relational and structural capital. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 422-434 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.818284 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.818284 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:422-434 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Maria Correia Author-X-Name-Last: Loureiro Author-Name: Dong-Mo Koo Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Mo Author-X-Name-Last: Koo Author-Name: Lara Ribeiro Author-X-Name-First: Lara Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro Title: Effects of atmospherics on emotions and intention with respect to involvement in different shopping environments Abstract: The present study deals with the S-O-R framework. The past five decades of research have successfully validated the S-O-R model in offline and online contexts. However, there is still room for improvement. In particular, hedonic aspects have been proposed as distinctive aspects to differentiate companies from their competitors. Previous researchers have (1) been somewhat reluctant to investigate dominance and other emotional responses, and (2) produced mixed results regarding the impact of atmospherics and emotional responses on behavior. Building on this tradition of research, this study investigates the S-O-R model by incorporating delight as an additional emotional response and tests the moderating effects of consumers' involvement and shopping environments (three-way interactional effects) in connection with the links among atmospherics, emotions, and intentions. The current findings demonstrate that the model fit better for low-involvement consumers than for high-involvement consumers. This was true for both offline and online environments. The results show that layout and information are two important factors in pleasing and arousing consumers, especially in the case of low-involvement consumers, and that delight is determined by both arousal and pleasure but is a determinant of both intention and word-of-mouth only for consumers with low involvement, whether they are in offline or online environments. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed in the conclusion. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 435-459 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.820880 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.820880 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:435-459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seong-Yeon Park Author-X-Name-First: Seong-Yeon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Yeu-Jin Kang Author-X-Name-First: Yeu-Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Title: What's going on in SNS and social commerce?: Qualitative approaches to narcissism, impression management, and e-WOM behavior of consumers Abstract: This study aims to examine consumers' narcissism, impression management, and e-WOM behavior in social networking sites (SNS) and social commerce. Focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted and a diverse pool of information on experiences and perspectives on social commerce and SNS was collected. As a result, impression management to fulfill their narcissism on SNS was found to exist and this was found to affect the users' e-WOM behavior regarding social commerce products. This research explores the narcissistic phenomenon of SNS and social commerce users through the use of qualitative approaches. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 460-472 Issue: 4 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.820881 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.820881 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:23:y:2013:i:4:p:460-472 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Gloria Wu Author-X-Name-First: D. Gloria Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Laurence Chalip Author-X-Name-First: Laurence Author-X-Name-Last: Chalip Title: Effects of co-branding on consumers' purchase intention and evaluation of apparel attributes Abstract: Brand alliances have been advocated as a strategy to appeal to consumers by capturing favorable associations of two separate brands. Sportswear and fashion designer brands have consequently formed partnerships, although co-branding effects are not always as anticipated, and the effects of co-branding on consumer evaluations of apparel are unknown. This study employed a 3 (sportswear brand) d7;a0;3 (fashion designer brand) experimental design to test the effects of co-branding on consumers' evaluations of apparel attributes (practical good looks, comfortable fit, and value for quality) and their purchase intentions. Males and females evaluated the products differently. Males preferred branded over unbranded polo shirts, but did not differentiate a co-branded polo shirt from a single-branded one. Females preferred fashion brands and disliked co-branded polo shirts. All three apparel attributes significantly affected the decision to purchase a shirt for oneself, but only practical good looks and value for quality affected the decision to purchase a shirt as a gift. Findings demonstrate that co-branding apparel may not improve its attractiveness to consumers, regardless of reason for purchase. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-20 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.852910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.852910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:1-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mushtaq A. Siddiqi Author-X-Name-First: Mushtaq A. Author-X-Name-Last: Siddiqi Title: Work engagement as a reaction to work environment and customer outcome: a service marketing perspective Abstract: The concept of work engagement and its impact on marketing performance continues to draw the attention of research scholars and business professionals in developed countries. As less research work has been carried out in this area in Asia, this study reports several job resources, such as employee autonomy, employee advancement, employee role clarity, and organizational support as triggering factors of employee work engagement in Indian service setting. Additionally, using path analysis, the study establishes not only direct but also significant indirect relationships between various job resources and customer satisfaction. These indirect relationships are well connected by several dimensions of work engagement as intermediating variables, thus further highlighting the relevance of work engagement for service marketing practitioners. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 21-38 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.852911 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.852911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:21-38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyunjoung Lee Author-X-Name-First: Hyunjoung Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: A study on knowledge structure and cognitive mapping of marketing using social network analysis Abstract: This research has been undertaken to identify the knowledge structure of the marketing field from 1991 to 2010. For this, 282 keywords extracted from 11,548 papers in international journals related to the marketing field were analyzed with co-word analysis and social network analysis.To investigate the knowledge structure, the following steps were carried out. The first step was to identify the frequency of keywords over a 20-year period (19912013;2010). Keywords that consistently represented the marketing field were identified as trust, pricing, consumer behavior, advertising, retailing, market orientation, and customer satisfaction. Keywords from 2000 onward were categorized to represent established research areas. New research topics such as internet, e-commerce, relationship marketing, customer relationship management, b2b, sales management, and corporate social responsibility emerged.The second step investigated sub-research areas in marketing using co-word matrix. As a result, eight cohesive subgroups were identified through community analysis. Each of the groups consisted of keywords related to the group name 2013; Group 1: service performance and recovery, Group 2: brand management, Group 3: marketing modeling and choice model, Group 4: new product diffusion and forecasting, Group 5: distribution channels and pricing, Group 6: customer relationship management and internet marketing, Group 7: channel management, and Group 8: strategic orientation.The third step provided a cognitive map to reflect research development trends in each subgroup research area. Following that map, Groups 3, 4, and 5 were connected to other research areas. Group 6 and 7 were unconstructed areas for which further research is required.In the last step, social network analysis was performed to identify the core keywords using centrality analysis. Keywords with a high degree of centrality 2013; i.e., highly correlated betweenness centrality 2013; over the entire 20-year period were marketing strategy, consumer behavior, and trust.Through identifying the trends in the marketing field and confirmed sub-study areas, and revealing core keywords, the results of this study provide valuable insights into understanding the knowledge structure of the marketing field. In addition, this study suggests further research directions for marketing researchers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 39-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.852909 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.852909 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:39-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hee-Joong Hwang Author-X-Name-First: Hee-Joong Author-X-Name-Last: Hwang Author-Name: Minjeong Kang Author-X-Name-First: Minjeong Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Author-Name: Myoung-Kil Youn Author-X-Name-First: Myoung-Kil Author-X-Name-Last: Youn Title: The influence of a leader's servant leadership on employees' perception of customers' satisfaction with the service and employees' perception of customers' trust in the service firm: the moderating role of employees' trust in the leader Abstract: This study examines why a leader needs to establish good relations with his/her subordinate employees to build strong relationships with customers. The production and the consumption of goods in the service sector occur simultaneously, and it is the customer who determines the quality of the service provided (Bateson, 1985; Bradley, Fox, & Morris, 2004; Pfeffer, 1994).Bradley et al. (2004) has shown that leadership style influences employees' behavior patterns as well as the service they provide. The success of internal marketing depends on the kind of leadership a manager demonstrates. However, no study has directly examined the effect of servant leadership on customers' satisfaction. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the impact of servant leadership on employees' perceptions of customers' satisfaction with a service and their trust in the service firm. It demonstrates how employees' trust in the leader moderates the effect of servant leadership on employees' perceptions of customers' satisfaction with a service and their trust in the service firm. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 65-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.852908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.852908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:65-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katia Laura Sidali Author-X-Name-First: Katia Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Sidali Title: Images of agri-tourism: evidence from Germany Abstract: Based on a classical approach, this paper analyses the cognitive and affective properties of attitude and develops a structural equation model to explain the determinants of preference for farm tourism. The findings of this study reveal that attitude and large-sized families have a positive influence on choice. Furthermore, it appears that the traditional image of German farm tourism has been replaced by a more dynamic one. However, this tourist form still has to cope with stereotypes as well as a perceived deficit of quality standards. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 77-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.852912 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.852912 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:77-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Min-Sook Park Author-X-Name-First: Min-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Jong-Kuk Shin Author-X-Name-First: Jong-Kuk Author-X-Name-Last: Shin Author-Name: Yong Ju Author-X-Name-First: Yong Author-X-Name-Last: Ju Title: Social networking atmosphere and online retailing Abstract: Online store atmosphere is an important determinant of shopping behavior. The rapid growth of online social networks means it is widely used in online stores in many patterns. We seek to address the lack of systematic research on how customer-to-customer social environment can influence consumer online shopping outcome. This study adopts the concept of social networking atmosphere of online stores and uses the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework widely used in environmental psychology to test whether the characteristics of the social networking environment of online stores can influence their consumers' shopping behavior. The characteristics of the social networking atmosphere are proposed to be convenience, personalization, and social surveillance. We received 270 valid responses from people who have experience using online stores with a social networking environment. The results indicate that the characteristics of the social networking environment (convenience, personalization, and social surveillance) will increase consumers' satisfaction with (affective) and perceived usefulness of (cognitive) the online store atmosphere, which in turn will increase the consumers' purchase intention in the online store with a social networking atmosphere. Moreover, males have better internal states to convenience and personalization than females and females have better internal states to social surveillance than males. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 89-107 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2013.867681 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2013.867681 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:89-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Akira Shimizu Author-X-Name-First: Akira Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizu Author-Name: Gaetano Aiello Author-X-Name-First: Gaetano Author-X-Name-Last: Aiello Title: Disaster avoidance/recovery marketing Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 109-112 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.884295 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.884295 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:109-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gwyneth V.J. Howell Author-X-Name-First: Gwyneth V.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Howell Author-Name: Rohan Miller Author-X-Name-First: Rohan Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Author-Name: Georgina Rushbrook-House Author-X-Name-First: Georgina Author-X-Name-Last: Rushbrook-House Title: #A little bird told me: birdcaging the message during the BP disaster Abstract: The purpose of crisis planning is to prepare for the inevitable. This paper examines BP's crisis response following the Deepwater Horizon oil rig explosion and the subsequent environmental disaster in the Gulf of Mexico. This event severely damaged BP's corporate standing, and the company's response and management of the crisis and cleanup exacerbated the damage to BP's reputation. The company's crisis communication strategies failed amid an onslaught of online and social media commentary from traditionally passive stakeholders and activists. The resultant damage to the company's reputation saw $95B wiped off the company's equity value and the CEO forced to resign. It is shown that crisis planning needs to be continually reviewed to take account of the evolving nature of social media during a crisis; in this instance, the use of Twitter proved particularly damaging to BP. Rolling crisis plans that encompass all media are required to provide the conclusive and swift action necessary to minimise the impact of a crisis. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 113-128 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.881111 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.881111 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:113-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Z. Sneath Author-X-Name-First: Julie Z. Author-X-Name-Last: Sneath Author-Name: Russell Lacey Author-X-Name-First: Russell Author-X-Name-Last: Lacey Author-Name: Pamela A. Kennett-Hensel Author-X-Name-First: Pamela A. Author-X-Name-Last: Kennett-Hensel Title: Chronic negative circumstances and compulsive buying: consumer vulnerability after a natural disaster Abstract: This research is composed of two cross-sectional studies that examine the lingering emotional distress associated with a natural disaster and extend the understanding of its impact on consumption attitudes and behaviors when victims are confronted with additional challenges. The first study examines victims' (n = 426) depression-induced impulsive and compulsive buying after Hurricane Katrina; the second investigates how the recession has exacerbated victims' (n = 191) lingering stress and depressive states, and the effects of these on consumption. These historical events provide a unique opportunity to extend the life event and disaster research and to examine the relationship between negative events and specific consumer behaviors. Results indicate that, years later, compulsive buying has not subsided, and the adversity brought on by the recession appears to have contributed to extended depressive states. Implications for marketers and public policy makers are discussed, as they relate to how vulnerable consumers cope with negative life events. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 129-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.881112 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.881112 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:129-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Taotao Bi-Matsui Author-X-Name-First: Taotao Author-X-Name-Last: Bi-Matsui Title: Rebuilding a blighted port into a recreational and tourism-friendly waterfront: the post-earthquake recovery of the Port of San Francisco Abstract: This paper examines the process by which the city of San Francisco revitalized its long-dilapidated waterfront during its recovery from the Loma Prieta earthquake. Informant interviews, previous literature, and census data are used to study the planning process and the effects of development plans and projects. We find that three factors contributed to the success of the recovery of San Francisco's port: the city (1) established participatory planning before the earthquake and thus adopted an already agreed-upon approach to planning in the recovery phase, (2) prioritized public benefits in public-private partnerships, and (3) reinforced the identity of the city through recovery. The recovery process shows that successful post-disaster recovery requires extensive public discussion to generate creative thinking, flexibility, goodwill, and leadership to build consensus and implement plans. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 148-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.883866 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.883866 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:148-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryuki Nakahara Author-X-Name-First: Ryuki Author-X-Name-Last: Nakahara Title: Partnership marketing for prevention Abstract: There is no place in the world that has never suffered a disaster. We cannot escape from disaster in our daily life because we exist in a global setting. Disaster can happen to an individual or an organization on any day and anywhere, at any time. Thus, what we do is consider not how to escape disaster, but how to make an effort to overcome it. We usually consider how to reduce the losses caused by damage, how to reduce the degree of damage, and/or how to increase the speed of recovery after a disaster. This article will not discuss the constitution, the factors, or the causes of disaster. It will discuss the efficiency and effectiveness of avoiding disaster and recovering from disasters as quickly as possible through cases close to us in daily life in the view of partnership marketing. And we will argue the possibility and importance of preventing the occurrence of disaster finally. We believe the best way to overcome disasters is to create a multidimensional partnership network with strategic planning to fundamentally prevent the occurrence of disaster. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 160-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.881113 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.881113 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:160-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chizuru Nishio Author-X-Name-First: Chizuru Author-X-Name-Last: Nishio Author-Name: Minoru Ishida Author-X-Name-First: Minoru Author-X-Name-Last: Ishida Author-Name: Toshie Takeuchi Author-X-Name-First: Toshie Author-X-Name-Last: Takeuchi Title: The impact of natural disasters on the values and lifestyles of consumers: in the case of the Tohoku Earthquake Abstract: This study focuses on the values constituting a Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS)-oriented lifestyle. It reveals how the Tohoku Earthquake affected the lifestyles and consumption behaviors of consumers. The study consists of two sub-studies. In Study 1, the values constituting a LOHAS-oriented lifestyle are specified. Additionally, the manner in which those values change is shown based on a statistical analysis of consumer survey data collected at five points in time. In Study 2, lifestyles are classified using the value indicators identified in Study 1 to analyze how the Tohoku Earthquake changed the lifestyles of consumers and affected their behaviors. The results show that all consumers values were affected by the Tohoku Earthquake, however, they were all affected in varying degrees. The purchasing of eco products and health products are affected more by the lifestyles of consumers based on their values than by the earthquake. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 172-188 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.881114 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.881114 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:172-188 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tsukasa Kato Author-X-Name-First: Tsukasa Author-X-Name-Last: Kato Title: The retailer's role in the reconstruction of areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake: how can retailers make their social contribution coexist with their pursuit of profit? Abstract: Although national and local government played a major role in supplying relief goods to victims immediately after the Great East Japan Earthquake, private companies, such as manufacturers, retailers, transportation traders, etc., also played important roles. Especially for retailers - though they were also victims of the disaster - offering refuge and supplying food, water, and a stable supply of necessary goods to affected people was an important part of the recovery process in affected areas. In spite of these important roles played by retailers, there is little research that analyzes these activities from the position of distribution and marketing.This paper seeks to clarify three particular questions. First of all, what damage did retailers suffer due to the earthquake and how did they restart their businesses? The speed of recovery depended on the damage suffered and the recovery of shopping streets composed of small retail stores was delayed compared with that of national chain stores such as convenience stores.After the disaster many retailers recognized their social responsibility to support affected residents, as well as stricken producers. However, when retailers prefer their own profit, it is likely to negatively affect the recovery of stricken producers, as it is easier for retailers to switch suppliers. In fact, major CVS companies tried to secure alternative suppliers. The second question is: why did some retailers endeavor to support the recovery of stricken producers? From the transaction cost approach, it can be inferred that the more reliable the relationship which has been established, the more difficult it is for the retailers to quit the relationship. In this case, it is beneficial for retailers to support stricken producers because the retailers' actions will provide gains. However, in a situation where no benefits are expected from their support, is it a genuine altruistic social contribution? Even in this case, the retailers can expect that consumers will evaluate their social contribution and thus enhance store loyalty and hopefully increase their product sales. When we analyze the continuation of the relationship in terms of cost-benefit derived from the transaction, social consideration should be incorporated into the framework.We call these actions "ethical marketing" in this paper and emphasize its effects during the period as consumers changed their attitudes toward the social role of companies, including retailers, after the earthquake. The final question addressed is what kind of mechanism is at work in the interaction between retailers'contribution to society and ethical consumers' response. Some business models are explained which will enable retailers to try and achieve coexistence between social contribution and profit pursuit. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 189-205 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.883867 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.883867 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:189-205 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weisheng Chiu Author-X-Name-First: Weisheng Author-X-Name-Last: Chiu Author-Name: Nam-Heung Cho Author-X-Name-First: Nam-Heung Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Author-Name: Doyeon Won Author-X-Name-First: Doyeon Author-X-Name-Last: Won Title: The effects of internal marketing on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in Taipei sports centers Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among internal marketing, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of employees in the context of the sports service industry. All employees of public sports centers in Taipei City participated in this study, and the data (n = 261) were subsequently analyzed. The results show that internal marketing has a positive influence on job satisfaction among employees, and that job satisfaction in turn has a positive influence on the organizational commitment of employees. Although a direct relationship between internal marketing and organizational commitment among employees was not found, a full mediation effect of job satisfaction between the factors was revealed. The findings of this study clarify the relationships and verify the mechanisms at work among internal marketing, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of employees. Academically, the study fills the gap in sports management literature regarding the role of internal marketing for sports services. The study also provides practical implications for sports center managers to implement internal marketing in sports centers, and thereby provide better-quality service for customers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 206-222 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.881609 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.881609 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:206-222 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Namin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Namin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Francis Ulgado Author-X-Name-First: Francis Author-X-Name-Last: Ulgado Title: Motivational orientation for word-of-mouth and its relationship with WOM messages Abstract: In this study, we investigate how consumers' motivation to spread messages via word-of-mouth (WOM) influences the content of the WOM messages. We classify consumers' motivation into two categories: hedonic and utilitarian motivation. Then we analyze how each motivation affects the valence of the message (e.g., positive vs. negative) and the attributes that the consumers mention (e.g., hedonic vs. utilitarian). Using a scenario-based experiment, we found that the content of the messages was strongly related to the motivation of the consumers. Consumers who are hedonically motivated tend to mention hedonic attributes more, and consumers who are utilitarian-motivated are likely to mention utilitarian attributes more. The valence of the message, however, is not affected by consumers' motivation. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 223-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.881115 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.881115 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:2:p:223-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Panigyrakis Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Panigyrakis Author-Name: Geon-Cheol Shin Author-X-Name-First: Geon-Cheol Author-X-Name-Last: Shin Title: Contribution of philosophy to the advancement of marketing thought Abstract: The four papers in this special issue revisit the core concepts and key functions of marketing through philosophy. They examine the discipline as it enters its maturity amidst unprecedented global socioeconomic turmoil. As the certainties of modernity and the individualism of postmodernity melt into the uncharted lands of metamodernity, they offer a kaleidoscopic view of the big issues faced by contemporary societies through a fascinatingly eclectic mix of topics, theoretical frameworks and methodological perspectives. They call for a clean break from amoralism and a wholehearted embracement of our role as facilitators of value coproduction and agents of the ethics of gentleness. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 241-245 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.914655 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.914655 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:241-245 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gabriel H. De La Paz Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel H. Author-X-Name-Last: De La Paz Title: Modifying reality: marketing for the 22-super-nd century Abstract: Philosophy and philosophers are useful in making the calls and answering the big questions that, in the end, create the path for all mankind to follow. One of the great falsehoods is the belief that everything we produce is neither good nor evil - that evil resides rather in the person who uses them. Marketing is a powerful tool that can change the behavior of people and eventually allow us to change reality. So, it is worthwhile to think about the way we use it and not just behave as a sorcerer's apprentice, using it in the short term without asking the big questions: what is marketing; why does it work; what should we do with it"? This article analyzes what marketing has been up to this point through reviewing the contributions of each of the schools of thought, digging into the history of marketing schools and analyzing it chronologically. To answer the question "why does it work", the article briefly presents a general theory of marketing that explains it as a complex phenomenon that emerges in society when you create and communicate value propositions. To answer the question "what should we do with it", the author questions some of the practices of marketing, the exchange and needs. Finally it proposes a marketing that is ecologically sustainable: one that integrates us with rather than separates us from nature. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 246-261 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.911493 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.911493 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:246-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Panigyrakis Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Panigyrakis Author-Name: Anna Zarkada Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Zarkada Title: A philosophical investigation of the transition from integrated marketing communications to metamodern meaning co-creation Abstract: This article contributes to the recent problematisation of the co-evolution of philosophy and marketing thought as we experience a transition from the deification of greed, individualism and hedonic consumption seen during the postmodern period of the twentieth century to the brutal class restructuring and shattering of a number of illusions of metamodernity at the beginning of the twenty-first century. It examines the philosophical foundations of advertising and communication and demonstrates the ways in which current technological and socio-political advances are rendering traditional approaches obsolete. As marketing is now recognised to be the mechanism par excellence for value co-production, so advertising - and communication in general - are but mechanisms of meaning co-production through a dialogue between the disillusioned but empowered consumer and the brand and corporation on solidarity, responsibility, morality, dignity and the sense of belonging in a community. It is hereby argued that values are far more relevant to contemporary consumers than the pursuit of an idealised lifestyle based on celluloid images of the imaginary Joneses, and thus it is advocated that discipline-wide changes need to be made. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 262-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.911494 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.911494 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:262-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nathalie Collins Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie Author-X-Name-Last: Collins Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: Communitas and civitas: an idiographic model of consumer collectives Abstract: Variously called consumer collectives, subcultures of consumption, brand communities, consumer tribes and brand cults, consumer collectivism is a rising area of interest in scholarly and industry circles. This paper develops an idiographic conceptual model for consumer religiosity, specifically those who worship/consume in groups.Producers enjoy the positive market leverage consumer collectives can provide. Collectives develop, maintain and promulgate rituals, traditions, myths and consumption behaviours. These collectives recruit new users, provide peer support, reinforce the choice to consume the brand and promote the brand to outsiders. Some collectives produce and engage in product/brand-related events, festivals and promotions. Generally self-generating and self-sustaining, the collectives do so with little support from the producers (Belk & Tumbat, 2005; McAlexander, Schouten, & Koenig, 2002; Muniz & O'Guinn, 2001; Shanker, Cova, & Kozinets, 2007).The model's foundation derives from the work of the American philosopher James Carse. Carse explicates the relationship between churches and their congregations, with the intent of parsing religions from belief systems. The communitas/civitas model presented in this paper uses principles derived from his work. A postmodern worldview underpins the civitas/communitas model, accounting for the role of consumption as a means of identity formation and self-actualisation. The marketing-specific service-dominant logic paradigm strengthens the model by pinpointing value creation. The model describes marketing in a Carsean fashion, as an infinite game, and then expands on the interaction of the communitas (the collective) with the civitas (the producer), using principles derived from philosophy and religion. The model delineates the relationships between producers and consumer collectives, and draws parallels between consumer religiosity and spiritual religiosity. These parallels reveal a rich and deep understanding of how to manage and leverage these relationships. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 279-294 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.911495 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.911495 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:279-294 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joel Hietanen Author-X-Name-First: Joel Author-X-Name-Last: Hietanen Author-Name: Antti Sihvonen Author-X-Name-First: Antti Author-X-Name-Last: Sihvonen Author-Name: Henrikki Tikkanen Author-X-Name-First: Henrikki Author-X-Name-Last: Tikkanen Author-Name: Pekka Mattila Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Mattila Title: "Managerial storytelling": how we produce managerial and academic stories in qualitative B2B case study research Abstract: With a focus on case study research methods, this study continues the epistemological debate about qualitative research approaches in the IMP literature by reconsidering the reliance on managerial interviews as a primary empirical source in the production of knowledge claims. In this empirical approach, researchers seem to often treat the interview process and the analysis and reporting of research findings in a manner that generally gives situational credence to the veracity and factuality of the interview data. In line with several epistemological approaches that have already surfaced in IMP literature, this study further emphasizes the context-dependent, ephemeral and ultimately unstable nature of managerial "truths" imparted in the interviews. We argue that the data should be empathically and reflexively understood as the production of stories and their reporting as a form of academic storytelling of pragmatic academic and managerial value. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 295-310 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.911496 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.911496 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:295-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Atieh Bathaee Author-X-Name-First: Atieh Author-X-Name-Last: Bathaee Title: Consumer culture at individual level: Proposing a two-stepped model, comparing Iran and Germany Abstract: The importance of culture in different aspects of consumer behavior is undeniable. Studies provide solutions dealing with cultural differences in consumers' interpretations and trying to structure their mind-sets. The common weakness of most such studies is they trust old scales developed to investigate organizational behaviors as a basis for analyzing individual consumers, ignoring nonconformity in both context and level. The replication of such rankings in marketing could easily fail; new applications are needed which consider level, purpose, context, and the spirit of the time. The present study aims to validate a new scale and explain the roles that cultural values play in consumer purchase behavior by using this item battery. The developed scale originates from the core elements of Hofstede's proposed dimensions (in the latest version from 2008); a multi-dimensional instrument is suggested containing two newly introduced concepts (restraint and long-term orientation) validated by eastern and western minds. Samples with incomparable profiles and cultural backgrounds, from Germany and Iran, are selected to validate the scale. The results confirm an undeniable role of nationality, as well as of demographics, in consumer culture; the scale was a success and may be further applied.The paper begins with a focus on consumer culture, presenting a review of the individual-level approach toward culture; based on this view - following a context-specific approach - the focus changes from the individual in general to the individual as a consumer. Within the purchase context, the roles played by culture in consumer decisions and behaviors are elaborated. Further, the study provides a summary of theoretical and empirical details on the dimensions of consumer culture, including measurement methods. The scale development and research implementation are summarized and the latter parts of the paper are dedicated to the results of statistical analyses and conclusions; finally, managerial implications and future directions are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 311-338 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.883855 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.883855 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:311-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heeyoung Yoon Author-X-Name-First: Heeyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Yoon Author-Name: Dae Ryun Chang Author-X-Name-First: Dae Ryun Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Kyoungmi Lee Author-X-Name-First: Kyoungmi Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: It has to be ME (not YOU): the role of competitive message on the effectiveness of sales promotion Abstract: In the present study, we find that a restrictive message that limits the availability of the product amount (vs. purchasing time) is perceived as more competitive by consumers. Previous literature on gender difference suggests that men (vs. women) tend to respond more positively to competition in a competitive setting. Based on the previous findings on gender difference, we prove that gender has a moderating role in predicting more positive attitudes toward a competitively framed sales promotion. In addition, acquiring the products over competition may provide the consumer with a sense of triumph. Therefore, male consumers' desire to win might elicit a more positive attitude toward the product and higher purchase intention under a competitively framed sales promotion. As hypothesized, we also find that amount-limited sales promotions lead to a more positive attitude toward the products and a higher purchase intention for male customers who are more competitively inclined than women. However, no such effect was found in time-limited sales promotions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 339-349 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.913377 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.913377 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:339-349 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kyulim Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyulim Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Mi-ah Lee Author-X-Name-First: Mi-ah Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Pekka Mattila Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Mattila Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Author-X-Name-Last: Hoon Kim Title: Fashion collaboration effects on consumer response and customer equity in global luxury and SPA brand marketing Abstract: Today's consumers tend to focus on uniqueness and on personal and intangible values when making purchase decisions. Thus, companies undertake such innovative strategies as brand collaborations, especially in the fashion industry where brands collaborate with artists, celebrities or other brands to raise awareness, build relationships and achieve competitive advantage through differentiation. However, researchers have not yet focused specifically on luxury and SPA brands to examine how certain fashion collaboration types affect consumer responses and long-term company-customer relationships. In this study, the authors consider luxury and SPA fashion brand collaboration cases and defines their impacts on consumer response and relationships in terms of customer equity drivers, customer lifetime value and customer loyalty. The paper concludes with several academic and industry-related implications to enable further growth of this profitable and innovative brand strategy. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 350-364 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.913376 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.913376 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:3:p:350-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Ng Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ng Title: Consumer motivations to disclose information and participate in commercial activities on Facebook Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 365-383 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.949372 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.949372 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:365-383 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexander Muk Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Author-X-Name-Last: Muk Author-Name: Christina Chung Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Jonghoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jonghoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Korean consumer perspectives on social media advertising and intention to join brand pages Abstract: This study examines the exogenous factors that affect South Korean consumers' intentions to join brand pages. The findings suggest that utilitarian and hedonic values of social media advertising enhance users' positive attitudes toward social media advertising, but attitudes toward social media are not related to intention to join brand pages. However, utilitarian value is directly related to intention to join brand pages. Affiliation construct has a positive effect on social influence, which is a significant predictor of consumers' intentions to join brand pages. Also, social influence is a stronger indicator than utilitarian value as an exogenous variable of intention to join brand pages. The conceptual framework of this study provides a theoretical basis for explaining Korean consumers' intentions to become fans of brand pages. This is a new research domain in brand communication that offers a new direction for Asian consumer research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 384-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.949371 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.949371 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:384-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kayhan Tajeddini Author-X-Name-First: Kayhan Author-X-Name-Last: Tajeddini Author-Name: Jeanette Nahaleh Nikdavoodi Author-X-Name-First: Jeanette Nahaleh Author-X-Name-Last: Nikdavoodi Title: Cosmetic buying behavior: examining the effective factors Abstract: This paper reports on the results of a cross-sectional study that focused on the impact of attitudes, subjective norms and consumer innovativeness on intention to purchase cosmetic products. Beginning with the Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980; Fishbein, 1980; Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975), several models have been proposed to conceptualize the complex behavioral and social process by which individuals adopt new products. We argue here that the inclusion of an important individual difference variable - consumer innovativeness in conjunction with attitude and perceptions of subjective norms - would help us further understand both how perceptions are formed and the subsequent role they play in purchase intentions regarding cosmetic products. Data were collected through a mall-intercept questionnaire conducted in different well-known shopping malls in Sweden. Analyses included tests of the significance impact of these variables on intention to purchase cosmetic products. The findings offer lessons for practitioners and more avenues of study for researchers. The paper advances the understanding of three key antecedents by investigating structural relationships among attitudes towards new cosmetic products, novelty-seeking tendencies, behaviors and attitudes of people with the intention to purchase skin care and make up products. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 395-410 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.949034 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.949034 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:395-410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eunha Chun Author-X-Name-First: Eunha Author-X-Name-Last: Chun Author-Name: Sangah Song Author-X-Name-First: Sangah Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Title: A decision model development for crowdsourcing in the fashion industry Abstract: Crowdsourcing is emerging as a tactic for the fashion industry to better integrate customers' needs and quickly react to the industry's rapidly changing environment. This is a visible shift from the past focus on a designer's know-how based on individual experience and creativity.Yet there is a lack of academic research on the use of crowdsourcing in the fashion industry. How can crowdsourcing go through a methodological evaluation process? What specific criteria are important for fashion companies to evaluate designs based on objective parameters? The purposes of this study are: (1) to generate an evaluation standard for a crowdsourced fashion design, and (2) to build an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) decision model for making final design selections. Two methods are used to produce the robustness of a decision model: taxonomic analysis and AHP. This study reveals that the most important evaluation factors are brand suitability, design excellence, production efficiency, marketing effect, and additional management considerations. Another important feature is the paper's attempt to evaluate a design, a strategic asset of any fashion brand, by approaching the subject with a systematic, scientific method. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 411-425 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.949366 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.949366 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:411-425 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The roles of cause involvement and cause acts in a social marketing campaign Abstract: Social marketing has received considerable attention of late, and has expanded to include a marketing strategy with a social dimension. The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical role of cause involvement and the effects of cause acts, cause fit, and cause orientations on consumers' attitude, purchase intention, and participation intention. In particular, social marketing campaign strategies demonstrate different ways in which organizations are attached to the community. In the view of community attachment, cause acts include "act local" and "act global." The current experimental study was designed to investigate the central questions concerning a social marketing campaign and to develop theoretical frameworks and implications of cause-involvement and cause-act effects on social marketing from global and local perspectives. This study offers a step forward in clarifying the moderating role of cause involvement and how consumers perceive social marketing campaigns to be affected by cause acts, cause fit, and cause orientations, illustrating the vital role of individual difference factors in such campaigns. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 426-440 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.949032 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.949032 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:426-440 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jong Kuk Shin Author-X-Name-First: Jong Kuk Author-X-Name-Last: Shin Author-Name: Minsook Park Author-X-Name-First: Minsook Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Mediating effect of store attachment in formation of store emotions and patronage through art and culture sponsorship in retailing Abstract: This research examined customer perceptions of the value and effectiveness of retailers' art and cultural sponsorship. In order to explain detailed values of cultural sponsorship, the values were classified into four categories: emotional, economic, relational, and socially responsible. This study proposed that these would affect the customer satisfaction which, in turn, has an effect on store attachment and store patronage. In order to validate the research model, SEM (Structural Equation Model) was used through Lisrel 8.3. As a result of the study, all hypotheses were accepted, except the relationship between customer and store patronage. We supplementally analyzed the mediating effects of store attachment on customer satisfaction and store patronage. This research broadens the scope of sponsorship marketing by considering the relationship between the benefits of sponsorship and customer emotion and customer behavior. This study has implications for marketing practictioners who want to establish a long-term cultural marketing strategy and increase store patronage through store attachment. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 441-452 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.916898 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.916898 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:441-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joohee Kim Author-X-Name-First: Joohee Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Class reproduction and Korean male dancers receiving exemption from military service through dance competitions Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand the habitus or field of Korean male dancers exempted from military service through dance competitions from Pierre Bourdieu's point of view and accept, to pass the Korea dance culture for their own just culture to find the mechanism of represent their class and culture privilege. To as to achieve the purposes of the research, we selected four male dancers from "S university" and "K university" who had been exempted from military service as a result of participation in dance competitions as participants in this study, using purposeful sampling. For this, we employed participatory, in-depth interviews, research participants' cover letters and experiential statements, the researcher's reflective notes, the research participants' dance concours-related video, etc. The results are as follows. In terms of the mechanisms of class reproduction in dance, the legitimacy of the fields accepted by the research participants was acting as an apparatus that reinforces cultural privileges and reproduces class. And this continues into the next generation. Competitions have developed beyond a simple cultural art into an art that evaluates, measures, and recognizes dancers' talents and skills, but Korea's dance competition culture reproduces unequal social structures. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 453-460 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.949035 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.949035 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:24:y:2014:i:4:p:453-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. Anthony Di Benedetto Author-X-Name-First: C. Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Di Benedetto Title: From the Special Issue Editor Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-4 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.984893 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.984893 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:1-4 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muammer Ozer Author-X-Name-First: Muammer Author-X-Name-Last: Ozer Author-Name: Mumin Dayan Author-X-Name-First: Mumin Author-X-Name-Last: Dayan Title: Strategic, organizational and operational challenges of product innovation in emerging economies Abstract: Although there are several studies highlighting the best new product development (NPD) practices of Western firms, we know very little about NPD practices in emerging economies, which are widely expected to play an important role in the world's economic growth in the years to come. In particular, we focus here on the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which is an important gateway to the Middle East and Africa. Understanding NPD practices in the UAE will be helpful not only for firms in the UAE seeking to improve their NPD but also for Western firms interested in engaging in NPD in that region, in order for them to know what to expect from their potential partners from the UAE and how to align their NPD practices with those of their partners in that region. This paper presents a survey study highlighting major strategic, organizational and operational aspects of the NPD practices of firms in the UAE and identifying related challenges. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 5-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.980040 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.980040 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:5-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wooyang Kim Author-X-Name-First: Wooyang Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: James M. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: James M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Author-Name: Richard A. Lancioni Author-X-Name-First: Richard A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lancioni Title: Consumer innovativeness: a domain-specific perspective of information acquisition and choice Abstract: This study examines how experiential brand factors are related to perceived domain-specific innovativeness. We further investigate how domain-specific innovativeness predicts the phase of innovation diffusion. To accomplish these objectives, we employ an integrative perspective of consumer innovativeness and decision process. Results suggest that information utilization, diagnostic attributes and post-purchase behavior are important predictors of consumer innovativeness. In addition, consumer innovativeness predicts the diffusion of new product adoption. The findings and implications are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 17-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.984890 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.984890 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:17-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Eunha Chun Author-X-Name-First: Eunha Author-X-Name-Last: Chun Author-Name: Sangah Song Author-X-Name-First: Sangah Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Pekka Mattila Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Mattila Title: Exploring SNS as a consumer tool for retail therapy: explicating semantic networks of "shopping makes me happy (unhappy)" as a new product development method Abstract: Marketing and advertising researchers are turning attention to the impact of social network services such as Twitter. Researchers are calling for more useful gathering and interpretation of massive amounts of SNS data. This study applies semantic network analysis to examine the effects of shopping on mood alleviation via tweets - effects known as retail therapy. To conduct a semantic network analysis, the study analyzes 152 messages containing shopping-related keywords in naturally occurring tweets and finds the 24 most frequently used nodes (keywords). Centrality analysis reveals that nodes most frequently connecting keywords of mood, stress, depression, happiness, clothes, consumption and shoes have higher degrees of centrality. Moods associate with 22 keywords and highly co-occur with the keywords change, clothes, stress, consumption and depression. The results indicate that tweets about sentiments expressed before and after fashion item purchases show that retail therapy is occurring. By analyzing SNS messages, this study enhances the theory-method diversification of consumer studies and provides practical guidelines for further study of shopping behaviors and future new product development initiatives. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 37-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.984891 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.984891 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:37-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Calantone Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Calantone Author-Name: Francisco-Jose Molina-Castillo Author-X-Name-First: Francisco-Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Castillo Title: A search for theoretical plurality in new product launch Abstract: A previous absence of academic focus on new product launch behaviours and effects has been replaced by a spate of activity in the NPD commercialization process - always an eminent topic among practitioners, since it is the only NPD stage that actually returns cash. Naturally, academics seek theories and law-like generalizations to help understand new product launches in a research sense, as well as to use theories to help explain, predict and teach outcomes and concepts useful to managers, students of management and other researchers. The present manuscript reports the search for a theory base to explain some interesting results of new product launches in the biochemical industry. It has long been known that competing hypotheses lead to better conclusions; thus we attempt competing theories to try to contemplate better strategic thinking about product launches.Competing theories reveal that some may be superior in explaining results in this particular context, for this particular sample. Yet this study, with a single sample, really only demonstrates the feasibility of the approach. The adventure should continue from a meta-analytic basis to discover something of more universal value to the strategic thinker. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 49-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.980039 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.980039 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:49-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David J. Burns Author-X-Name-First: David J. Author-X-Name-Last: Burns Title: What comes after postmodernism? Implications for marketers Abstract: The dominant philosophy of life held by a society profoundly affects that society's institutions. In this article, the transition from premodernism to postmodernism and its effects on marketing are examined. An alternative philosophy, transmodernism, appears to be taking hold in many post-industrial societies. Transmodernism is discussed and implications for marketing are explored. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 59-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.980035 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.980035 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:59-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Devlin Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Devlin Author-Name: Justin Combs Author-X-Name-First: Justin Author-X-Name-Last: Combs Title: From Apple to Omega: an analysis of brand placement in 2010 top-earning films Abstract: This study utilized a content analysis to measure brand placements in the top 25 films released in 2010 and compared results to a similar population of top-earning films released in 1991. The content analysis measured the frequency and modality of each placement, character interaction, visual placement and visual prominence, and accounted for the valence of each scene containing a product placement in terms of positive or negative hedonic values. Findings revealed there were substantially more brand placements and more prevalent use of prominent placement and character interaction in the 2010 films, compared with those in 1991. The study's findings provide rationale for future studies exploring the effectiveness of product placements and set a comparable benchmark for future analysis examining product placement trends. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 75-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.980037 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.980037 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:75-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seong Do Cho Author-X-Name-First: Seong Do Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Author-Name: Kyoungeun Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyoungeun Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Daekwan Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daekwan Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Antecedents and effects of customer-service employee attachments on customer-company identification and word-of-mouth: the case of Cheong in South Korea Abstract: Among the critical areas in services research is the role played by the relationship between customers and service employees. However, the ways in which customer-service employee attachments affect customer-company relationship and corporate loyalty such as word-of-mouth is unclear. Furthermore, there is a tendency to overlook personal and relational characteristics that influence customer-service employee attachments. This study empirically examined the antecedents and consequences of customer-service employee attachments in the context of a collectivistic culture. Specifically, this research investigated the effects of relationship period, consumer relationship proneness, customer orientation and relational benefits on customer-service employee attachments by using survey data collected from beauty salon customers in South Korea. The study also empirically tested customer-service employee attachments' positive influence on customer-company identification and word-of-mouth. The results support most of our hypotheses. This study offers some meaningful insights into the roles played by customer-service employee attachment in collectivistic cultures. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 91-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.984889 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.984889 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:91-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. Anthony Di Benedetto Author-X-Name-First: C. Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Di Benedetto Title: 2014 JGSMS Best Paper and Reviewer Awards Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 106-107 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2014.998866 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2014.998866 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:106-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Derek Ong Lai Teik Author-X-Name-First: Derek Ong Lai Author-X-Name-Last: Teik Title: Enhancing the experience of needs satisfaction through service engagement: A case of commercial fitness centers in Malaysia Abstract: The commercial fitness industry is booming in Malaysia and the competition that has built up means it is becoming more difficult to entice new members to fitness establishments. This research investigates the needs of those who are engaging with the services of these commercial fitness operators and analyses how this engagement plays a role in determining overall satisfaction with service. The Scale of Service Quality for Recreational Sport (SSQRS) was used for data collection and reveals that members are drawn more to interaction, outcome, physical environment quality and the engagement they receive from a gym membership more than to the programs that are offered. This study's findings contribute to the development of marketing strategies to support sustainable growth of the fitness industry. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 109-121 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1012808 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1012808 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:109-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heeju Chae Author-X-Name-First: Heeju Author-X-Name-Last: Chae Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Jinghe Han Author-X-Name-First: Jinghe Author-X-Name-Last: Han Title: How do customers' SNS participation activities impact on customer equity drivers and customer loyalty? Focus on the SNS services of a global SPA brand Abstract: As SNS services develop, consumer participation becomes more important in the process of service production and delivery, especially in the service marketing field. Consumer participation contributes to increases in companies' productivity and service quality. Therefore, the roles played by consumers include co-producer or co-operator of products or services, as well as contributor to increased quality of product, satisfaction and values. In addition to using SNS to share their opinions, thoughts and experiences, consumers have taken a step further, also using SNS to sell and buy products and to share promotions and reviews about the products. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to define constructs of customers' SNS participation activities in global SPA brands. Measurement items were extracted from previous studies and from in-depth interviews. The study examines the effects of customers' SNS participation activities on customer equity drivers - value equity, brand equity and relationship equity - in global SPA brands. Data are analyzed by factor analysis, frequency analysis, correlation and structural equation modeling using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. The results of this study are as follows: first, there are six constructs of customers' SNS participation activities - request, e-WOM, helping, cooperation, new media seeking and sharing. Second, there are two constructs of customers' SNS participation activities - e-WOM and cooperation that have a positive influence on value equity and brand equity. E-WOM, especially, also affects relationship equity. Third, customer equity drivers have an impact on customer loyalty. This study provides evidence of difference between customer participation activities in offline and online circumstances. Moreover, it shows how customers' SNS participation activities have powerful effects on drivers of customer equity drivers and customer loyalty. This study, therefore, suggests the important role of customers' SNS participation activities in increasing customer equity toward fashion brand industries. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 122-141 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1012809 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1012809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:122-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eun Mi Lee Author-X-Name-First: Eun Mi Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Jung Ok Jeon Author-X-Name-First: Jung Ok Author-X-Name-Last: Jeon Author-Name: Qin Li Author-X-Name-First: Qin Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Hyun Hee Park Author-X-Name-First: Hyun Hee Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: The differential effectiveness of scarcity message type on impulse buying: A cross-cultural study Abstract: This study tries to empirically compare the effects of scarcity message type on impulse buying in online advertising between Korean and Chinese consumers. In addition, it attempts to highlight the moderating roles of message framing and need for cognitive closure (NCC). This study found Chinese consumers' impulse buying (compared to Korean consumers') is more likely to be impacted by limited-time messages than limited-quantity messages. It also found a significant three-way interaction effect of scarcity messages, message framing and country on impulse buying. However, the three-way interaction effect of scarcity messages, NCC and country is not significant with regard to impulse buying. It would be useful to investigate in detail how various marketing factors support impulse buying and which ones exert the strongest influence within different degrees of context and collective cultures. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 142-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1012811 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1012811 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:142-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyunjung Koo Author-X-Name-First: Hyunjung Author-X-Name-Last: Koo Author-Name: Shinyoung Kim Author-X-Name-First: Shinyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Sunmee Choi Author-X-Name-First: Sunmee Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Title: Exteriorscape: Physical surroundings of a service outlet in a shopping mall Abstract: While the physical elements inside service outlets have been actively researched, the physical surroundings outside the outlet have received limited attention. This study explores the critical factors of physical surroundings of a service outlet in a clustered context such as a shopping mall, and their customer effect. Specifically, the concept of "exteriorscape" is proposed, its components are identified theoretically and validated empirically and, finally, their direct and indirect customer effects are empirically examined. Academically, this study contributes by extending the scope of research on physical elements of a service outlet from inside to outside the service delivery site. Managerially, this study contributes by revealing the importance of managing physical elements surrounding a service outlet and by proposing the critical physical elements surrounding the service outlet. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 153-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1012813 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1012813 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:153-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sujin Song Author-X-Name-First: Sujin Author-X-Name-Last: Song Title: The influence of the philosophy of science on brand loyalty Abstract: "What we do" is likely to be affected by "what we believe". The interpretation of researchers' findings is often influenced by what we think is right or wrong. Thus, it is necessary to know what kind of belief system or philosophy of science we hold as scholars and to understand whether and how that philosophy of science has an effect on what we study. Despite its importance, investigation of the impact of the philosophy of science on our field has been undermined in the literature. The present study examines how the notion of brand loyalty has been conceptualized, challenged and expanded by the influence of diverse philosophies of science. Investigating how brand loyalty has been developed, it will provide an example showing how the philosophy of science makes an impact on the literature of key constructs in the marketing field. It will also deepen our understanding of brand loyalty by presenting the interactions between the philosophy of science and the research method and the definition of brand loyalty. First, the influence of the philosophy of science on the research method of brand loyalty will be described. Then, we will specify how the philosophy of science has affected the notion of brand loyalty, focusing on its definition and the main antecedent, satisfaction. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 167-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1012814 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1012814 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:167-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Charles R. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Charles R. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Ki Hoon Lee Author-X-Name-First: Ki Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Measures of perceived sustainability Abstract: Sustainable marketing, as noted by numerous academics and practitioners, refers to a form of marketing that makes a net positive contribution to society in terms of environmental, social and economic developments. Firms' interest in sustainability as an aspect of business performance other than financial goals has steadily increased. Various factors (including societal mandates incorporated into regulations, concern about loss of sales and a potential decline in corporate reputation) pressure companies into implementing proper sustainability management. The purpose of this study is to clarify measures of perceived sustainability (MPS) from a marketing perspective, to analyze the effects of perceived sustainability on customer equity and to develop theoretical frameworks and implications that will allow sustainable marketing concepts to be globally competitive.The MPS scales identified in this study enable researchers to examine relationships between perceptions of sustainability and other key customer equity drivers, such as value equity, brand equity and relationship equity. Among other reasons, this may cause practitioners to value MPS. By understanding perceived sustainability, practitioners can develop economic, social and environmental performances that effectively utilize sustainability. The MPS scales offer researchers a tool for measuring perceived sustainability that is consistent with the literature on sustainability, while recognizing the reality that sustainability is a multidimensional construct. The rigor reflected in the multiple methods for generating scale items as well as the multiple stages in the scale development process results in a scale that should be useful to both researchers and practitioners. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 182-193 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1015473 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1015473 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:182-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Ralf Schellhase Author-X-Name-First: Ralf Author-X-Name-Last: Schellhase Title: Sustainable Marketing in Asia and the World Abstract: This special issue of the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, "Sustainable Marketing in Asia and the World", features four articles selected from papers presented at the Global Marketing Conference held on 15-18 July 2014 in Singapore. The articles in this special issue discuss recent issues in sustainable marketing theory, research and practice in Asia and the world. Special issue topics incorporate environmental, social and economic sustainability developments. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 195-197 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1044700 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1044700 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:195-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helena Martins Gonçalves Author-X-Name-First: Helena Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Gonçalves Author-Name: Adriana Viegas Author-X-Name-First: Adriana Author-X-Name-Last: Viegas Title: Explaining consumer use of renewable energy: determinants and gender and age moderator effects Abstract: There is scarce research in the domain of sustainable marketing and renewable energy (RE), despite the importance of this area. In this study, considering the theory of reasoned action (TRA), knowledge about RE (RE_KNOW), attitude toward RE (RE_ATT), willingness to pay more for RE (RE_WPM) and predisposition to ecological consumption behavior (ECCB) were analysed as determinants of the intention to use RE (RE_INT). The results of an online survey confirm all the determinants except RE_WPM. ECCB is the stronger determinant of RE_INT, followed by RE_ATT. A beliefs-attitude-intention link was established which supports the TRA. Furthermore, the moderator effects of sex and age were evaluated. For women and men, the proposed relations do not have significant differences. However, for the younger group, RE_ATT is the only significant determinant of RE_INT, whereas for the older, ECCB and RE_WPM are the significant ones. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 198-215 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1041780 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1041780 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:198-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ronnie Cheung Author-X-Name-First: Ronnie Author-X-Name-Last: Cheung Author-Name: Mei Mei Lau Author-X-Name-First: Mei Mei Author-X-Name-Last: Lau Author-Name: Aris Y.C. Lam Author-X-Name-First: Aris Y.C. Author-X-Name-Last: Lam Title: Factors affecting consumer attitude towards organic food: an empirical study in Hong Kong Abstract: This paper presents the findings of a study on the influence of health consciousness, organic food knowledge and environmental concern on Hong Kong consumers' attitudes toward organic foods. A survey was conducted using a sample of 222 respondents and a partial least squares approach was used to validate the research model. Environmental concern and organic food knowledge are found to have positive influences on consumers' attitude towards organic foods, consistent with research results from prior studies. Our research results also conclude that health consciousness does not show a significant influence on the attitudes of young consumers toward organic food products. Several implications of our findings for research and for the continued development of the organic food industry in Asia are proposed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 216-231 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1041782 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1041782 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:216-231 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ronnie Cheung Author-X-Name-First: Ronnie Author-X-Name-Last: Cheung Author-Name: Aris Y.C. Lam Author-X-Name-First: Aris Y.C. Author-X-Name-Last: Lam Author-Name: Mei Mei Lau Author-X-Name-First: Mei Mei Author-X-Name-Last: Lau Title: Drivers of green product adoption: the role of green perceived value, green trust and perceived quality Abstract: This study investigates the role of green perceived value, green trust and perceived quality on the adoption behavior of green consumers. A survey was conducted using a sample of 188 respondents and a partial least squares approach was used to validate the research model. The research results show that both green perceived value and perceived quality have a direct influence on green purchase intention. Green trust also mediates the relationship between green perceived value and green purchase intention, which in turn predicts purchase behavior regarding green products. The research results indicate that the drivers of green product adoption are represented by green perceived value, green trust and perceived quality. Marketers should be putting more emphasis on this relatively new approach to green marketing strategies to induce purchase and adoption of green products, thereby creating competitive advantages for the company. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 232-245 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1041781 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1041781 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:232-245 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Sustainability in social brand communities: influences on customer equity Abstract: This study addresses how social brand communities generate sustainable customer equity by enhancing perceived quality. The study shows that social brand community experiences affect attitude both toward the brand community and toward the brand and purchase intentions. In contrast to online communities, socially embedded brand communities allow their members to perceive multiple social identities with the brand community, the brand, the company and the social network. The study illuminates similarities and differences between social brand communities and online brand communities. The concept of customer equity is critical for sustaining relationships between social brand community experiences, perceived quality and customer equity. Implications for marketing academics and practitioners are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 246-258 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1041783 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1041783 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:246-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arch G. Woodside Author-X-Name-First: Arch G. Author-X-Name-Last: Woodside Title: Iconic studies relevant for research in marketing and the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Abstract: Here, an "icon" refers to a study widely and critically admired, a study symbolizing a movement or field of activity; iconic marketing studies offer exceptional contributions to marketing theory and/or data collection, and/or data analysis, and/or interpretations/implications of qualitative and/or quantitative empirical findings. This article identifies antecedent conditions associated with achieving iconic status in research in marketing and proposes 10 tenets useful for identifying and planning iconic studies in marketing. The study reviews examples of iconic studies in the marketing literature. The study also addresses a few telling mistakes that researchers in the marketing discipline frequently make. The study of iconic research is helpful for crafting high-quality theory and planning high-quality research designs, as well as increasing vigilance and skill in identifying truly exceptionally high-quality studies and studies that are plainly just bad. The essay briefly reviews 10 JGSMS articles appearing also in this virtual issue as possible candidates for the achievement of iconic status in marketing. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 259-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1041784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1041784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:259-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyojin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Hyojin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: SNS users' para-social relationships with celebrities: social media effects on purchase intentions Abstract: In this study, the authors investigate factors that influence para-social relationships between social network service (SNS) users and celebrities and the effects on users' purchase intentions. The study shows that SNS use and para-social relationships with celebrities are positively related. User/celebrity para-social relationships and celebrity reputation also show positive relationships with purchase intentions. Gender differences affect relationships between celebrity reputation, para-social relationships and purchase intentions. The results imply that new media, particularly SNS, encourages para-social relationships, and that para-social relationships and celebrity reputations persuade SNS users to make purchase decisions. The study shows that new media stimulates consumer desires, and the new SNS environment gives celebrities more power to affect purchase decisions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 279-294 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1043690 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1043690 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:279-294 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paramaporn Thaichon Author-X-Name-First: Paramaporn Author-X-Name-Last: Thaichon Author-Name: Thu Nguyen Quach Author-X-Name-First: Thu Nguyen Author-X-Name-Last: Quach Title: The relationship between service quality, satisfaction, trust, value, commitment and loyalty of Internet service providers' customers Abstract: This study aims to understand the relationship between cognitive (i.e. service quality) and affective (i.e. customer satisfaction, value, trust and commitment) evaluation of Internet service providers' (ISPs) customers. It also investigates the relationship between the affective evaluation and customer loyalty outcomes (i.e. attitudinal and behavioral loyalty). The study considers the overall impact of service quality on customer loyalty in home Internet services. It was found that service quality positively influenced customers' affective and cognitive evaluations, including satisfaction, trust, commitment, and value. In addition, satisfaction and commitment were determinants of both attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. Surprisingly, the effects of customers' trust on behavioral loyalty were not confirmed. Similarly, value did not have any significant effect on customer loyalty. By providing valuable insights into consumer retention and loyalty, the proposed research develops an understanding of consumer's purchasing behavior in home Internet services, and creates an effective model aimed at customer retention. Practical implications that can be drawn from this research will form a foundation for service providers in the home ISP to develop new retention strategies. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 295-313 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1073419 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1073419 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:4:p:295-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jong Seok Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jong Seok Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: So Young Sohn Author-X-Name-First: So Young Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn Title: An integrated hierarchical survey for a large-scale conjoint study for mobile phones Abstract: Recent trends in the mobile phone industry have significantly influenced the application of multi-attribute preference measurement techniques (conjoint analysis). As mobile phones become more complex and as consumers become more informed about a large number (10 or more) of product attributes in developed and emerging countries, the aim of this study - to reduce the number and complexity of the questions asked of the consumer - has led the authors to propose an integrated hierarchical survey design to be used with the Kano model for large-scale conjoint analysis. This method was used to determine the high utility levels of the key attributes of mobile phones in a mature and emerging market. The results of this study were successfully implemented for product planning, product development and marketing by a mobile phone company through utilization of the results to set prices, prioritize features and provide guidelines for selecting target market segments. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 314-337 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1073420 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1073420 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:4:p:314-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yang-Im Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yang-Im Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Peter R.J. Trim Author-X-Name-First: Peter R.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Trim Title: An exploratory study of how a Korean chaebol's learning culture facilitates customer service Abstract: This paper explains how the organizational learning concept is used by managers in a global Korean company to promote group work, information sharing and an open communication style in order to produce a high level of customer service. Previously collected data from a set of in-depth personal interviews undertaken with three senior managers in a Korean electronics company were analyzed and interpreted using the grounded theory approach, and a number of propositions are put forward. The research findings show that managers in a chaebol deploy organizational learning to identify skilled and knowledgeable staff, and improve the organization's capability by placing emphasis on developing harmonious, mutually oriented relationships that permeate throughout the organization. Top management demand that staff identify with government economic objectives and align the organization's strategy accordingly so that the products produced are marketable. To achieve this, the organization fosters continual interaction among managers throughout the organization's hierarchy. The chaebol's organizational learning model encapsulates a "corollary" (continual communication) and "tools" (cultural influence and relationship management), and manifests in a unique strategy that allows management systems to evolve naturally. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 338-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1073421 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1073421 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:4:p:338-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shruti Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Shruti Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Julie Pirsch Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Pirsch Title: The BOP consumer's ethical evaluation of target marketing Abstract: This paper investigates the ethical evaluation of targeted marketing of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs) to BOP consumers, from BOP consumers' viewpoint. The goal was to discover whether these consumers perceive themselves as vulnerable, whether they believe that marketers are acting ethically or unethically in targeting their segment and whether they are willing to take action based on their ethical assessments of the company's marketing practices. BOP consumers surveyed do not view themselves as vulnerable consumers. Respondents also did not believe that companies marketing FMCGs were unethically targeting their segment. BOP consumers did not see a difference between marketing basic or discretionary products to their segment; they wanted access to all types of goods. These consumers want access to the same products that other consumers with more resources have, and make no distinction between basic and discretionary FMCGs. FMCGs were viewed as necessities that make life easier. Marketers of FMCGs should therefore freely market these products to this segment, provided their products meet basic quality standards, and can be offered in small, lower-priced quantities. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 358-378 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1073422 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1073422 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:4:p:358-378 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arpita Khare Author-X-Name-First: Arpita Author-X-Name-Last: Khare Title: Influence of green self-identity, past environmental behaviour and income on Indian consumers' environmentally friendly behaviour Abstract: The current research examines the moderating role of demographics on green self-identity and green gauge past environmentally friendly behaviour in predicting Indian consumers' environmentally friendly buying behaviour. Data was collected through mall intercept technique in six cities across India. Green self-identity and past environmentally friendly behaviour predicted Indian consumers' environmentally friendly buying behaviour. Among demographic factors, income influenced consumers' environmentally friendly behaviour.The findings can help companies understand the role of green self-identity and past environmentally friendly buying behaviour in predicting Indian consumers' environment-related concerns. Advertising and promotional messages for green products should link green self-identity in positioning and targeting decisions. Advertisements should project "green personalities" that highlight people having a commitment towards protecting the environment. This would create social awareness and portray positive implications of pursuing environmentally friendly behaviour. Research on environmentally friendly behaviour in India has not examined the role of individual factors in discussing Indian consumers' awareness of green products. This research attempts to fill the gap by understanding the role of green self-identity and past environment-related behaviour in consumers' purchase behaviour. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 379-395 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1073423 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1073423 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:25:y:2015:i:4:p:379-395 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. Anthony Di Benedetto Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Anthony Di Benedetto Author-Name: Sang-Lin Han Author-X-Name-First: Sang-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Han Title: From the special issue editors: Global Business-to-Business Marketing Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1122962 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1122962 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Hwan Song Author-X-Name-First: S. Hwan Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Marco JinHwan Kim Author-X-Name-First: Marco JinHwan Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Jina Kang Author-X-Name-First: Jina Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Title: The effects of ambidextrous alliances on product innovation Abstract: With increasing levels of industrial complexity and advantages of economies of scale, individual firms often find it difficult to deal with every aspect of their business activities. Consequently, firms form alliances with other organizations to overcome the barrier of limited resources. This article, employing the exploration and exploitation lens, classifies alliances according to their objectives and investigates their impacts on providing innovative products to customers. Using data from a nationwide innovation survey of Korean manufacturing firms, we show that exploratory alliances positively affect firms’ radical product innovation while exploitative alliances positively affect firms’ incremental product innovation. More importantly, we confirm the interaction effect between exploratory alliances and exploitative alliances, which contributes to both radical and incremental innovation. This study highlights the importance of ambidexterity in implementing alliances which contribute to new product development. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 4-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1116780 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1116780 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:4-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang-Lin Han Author-X-Name-First: Sang-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: Simon Sang Hoon Childs Author-X-Name-First: Simon Sang Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Childs Title: Corporate social responsibility in B2B relationships: Examining the effects of multifaceted supplier CSR on business customers trust Abstract: This study presents a model which integrates supplier CSR reputation, business customer trust and relationship commitment. In detail, while a supplier’s economic and legal CSR reputations are hypothesized to affect a business customer’s credibility-based trust in a focal supplier, ethical and philanthropic CSR reputations are hypothesized to affect benevolence-based trust. The proposed framework was tested using data from 129 buying firms based in Germany. Results showed that a supplier’s legal CSR reputation influenced a business customer’s credibility-based trust. In contrast, a supplier’s ethical and philanthropic CSR reputations were found to influence a business customer’s benevolence-based trust. No significant relationship was found between a supplier’s economic CSR reputation and credibility-based trust. In response to increasing calls to stretch the research scope of CSR concepts from consumer research to B2B marketing research, this study offers empirical evidence suggesting that supplier CSR may have positive effects on business customers’ outcomes, as reflected in increased levels of business customer trust in buyer--supplier relationships. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 19-35 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1116778 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1116778 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:19-35 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John A. Fortunato Author-X-Name-First: John A. Author-X-Name-Last: Fortunato Title: Business-to-business sponsorship opportunities: Examining UPS’s functional congruence with the NCAA Abstract: Business-to-business themed sponsorships can be powerful marketing platforms, giving companies the ability to demonstrate and communicate their performance capabilities. Having a functional congruence, when the sponsor has a participatory role in the event, is a unique advantage for some sponsors. Demonstrating a functional congruence addresses a critical distinction between business-to-business and business-to-consumer marketing approaches identified in the literature, with business-to-business buying decisions more focused on brand reliability. This article examines how United Parcel Service (UPS) executes its business-to-business themed, functional congruence sponsorship with the NCAA. It focuses on the logistical services that UPS performs in putting on the NCAA college basketball tournament. This cooperative indirect customer marketing approach shows how UPS uses the popularity of the NCAA Tournament to communicate its brand theme and brand capabilities. A case study of an actual business-to-business themed sponsorship provides a practical example that makes the overall understanding of business-to-business marketing more complete. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 36-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1116782 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1116782 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:36-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kyong Ryul Koo Author-X-Name-First: Kyong Ryul Author-X-Name-Last: Koo Author-Name: Sang Jin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sang Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The effects of internal marketing capability on export marketing strategy, B2B marketing mix and export performance Abstract: The authors examine how the internal marketing capabilities of export firms in B2B contexts affect export marketing strategies, B2B marketing mix and export performance. The study uses marketing organization capability, marketing human resources capability, marketing financial capability and marketing infrastructure as the internal marketing capabilities of B2B export firms. Drawing on dynamic capabilities theory, the authors develop a model that links internal marketing capabilities with export marketing strategies and B2B marketing mix and export performance. The study identifies that marketing infrastructure has positive effects on both export marketing strategies and B2B marketing mix. Furthermore, the findings reveal that export managers of B2B export firms should enhance marketing infrastructure to improve export performance. This study contributes to the export marketing field by linking the internal marketing capabilities and B2B marketing mix view with export performance. The findings on marketing infrastructure and its relationships with export marketing strategy and B2B marketing mix could be useful not only to academics, but also to export marketing managers of B2B export firms. The authors discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of their findings. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 51-65 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1122956 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1122956 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:51-65 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Subhajit Bhattachary Author-X-Name-First: Subhajit Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattachary Author-Name: Anurag Singh Author-X-Name-First: Anurag Author-X-Name-Last: Singh Title: Achieving distribution equity through emotional functionalities and value-based bonding: An analysis with structural equation modeling Abstract: In the current competitive situation, distribution channels play an important role to create and develop a value-based setup in which companies can easily pipeline their products into the market. The distribution channels and their efficiencies are dependent on relationship bonding between channel partners and the company, backed by company value-sharing policies. Both emotional functionalities and tangible functional value play key roles in the success of distribution channel management. The current research is a thoughtful attempt to develop a framework to understand and explore the linkages among emotional linkage, tangible functional value and the value-based channel nexus to strengthen channel-based distribution equity. A total of 156 direct responses from channel members were collected from the FMCG industry across business territories of eastern India. The empirical data was analysed with structural equation modeling. The findings of the current research article illustrate a novel approach to manage a marketing distribution channel to create a higher level of emotional connectivity and engagement between the company and distribution channel partner. This would lead to the creation of channel-based distribution equity in the FMCG industry. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 66-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1116779 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1116779 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:66-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jung Ok Jeon Author-X-Name-First: Jung Ok Author-X-Name-Last: Jeon Author-Name: Sunmee Baeck Author-X-Name-First: Sunmee Author-X-Name-Last: Baeck Title: The effect of the valence of word-of-mouth on consumers’ attitudes toward co-brands: The moderating roles of brand characteristics Abstract: Although Lovett et al. (2013) demonstrated that brand characteristics simulate word-of-mouth (WOM) as WOM antecedents, there has been relatively little attention to understanding a moderating role of brand characteristics between WOM and consumers’ attitudes toward brands. Understanding the role of brand characteristics in WOM is critical for marketers and marketing scholars to maximize the impact of WOM in branding activities. The current study aims to fill this gap by examining the role of brand characteristics as a moderator between the WOM valence and consumers’ attitudes toward co-brands. The results revealed that with co-brand characteristics highly related to the social and emotional drivers, the favorable effect of positive WOM on consumers’ attitudes was significantly higher than that with co-brand characteristics less related to the social and emotional drivers. On the other hand, with co-brand characteristics less related to the social and emotional drivers, the negative effect of negative WOM on consumer’s attitude was significantly higher than that with co-brand characteristics highly related to the social and emotional drivers. The results indicate that marketers should make efforts to impress consumers by developing and emphasizing new co-brand characteristics associated with the social and emotional drivers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 89-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1116781 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1116781 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:89-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tanuj Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Tanuj Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Author-Name: Gurudas Das Author-X-Name-First: Gurudas Author-X-Name-Last: Das Author-Name: Ujjwal Kanti Paul Author-X-Name-First: Ujjwal Author-X-Name-Last: Kanti Paul Title: Linking “satisfaction” to “intention-to-sell” and “sales performance” of individual agents in the health insurance market: Empirical evidence from India Abstract: This study attempts to analyze the antecedents of agents’ satisfaction (AS) and its influence on their intention-to-sell (ITS) and sales performance (SP) in the health insurance market in India by way of developing and testing a model by using path analysis. Results suggest that perceived product quality (PPQ), perceived service quality (PSQ), perceived incentive and reward system (PIRS), perceived supervisory behavior (PSB) and perceived organizational support (POS) have a direct positive relation with AS. Further AS has a significant direct influence on the agents’ ITS and SP. A partial mediation effect of ITS is also observed from AS to SP. Managerial implications of the results are also discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 109-128 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1143151 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1143151 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:109-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang-Lin Han Author-X-Name-First: Sang-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: T.P. Thao Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: T.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Thao Nguyen Author-Name: V. Anh Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: V. Author-X-Name-Last: Anh Nguyen Title: Antecedents of intention and usage toward customers’ mobile commerce: Evidence in Vietnam Abstract: This study seeks to discover the underlying drivers that can influence Vietnamese consumers’ adoption of mobile commerce. We extended the traditional Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by integrating the quality dimensions, personal innovativeness, playfulness and cost factors. Based on the theoretical background, a hypothetical research model and research hypotheses were developed and tested by using data collected from the questionnaire survey.The results showed that, across hedonic and utilitarian tendencies, consumers in Vietnam are not willing to pay for mobile commerce, even if the service is useful and easy to use. This result is consistent with the findings of previous studies in China and Malaysia, which have the same developing country context as Vietnam. This study is also undertaken to evaluate the moderating role of utilitarian and hedonic tendencies toward mobile commerce usage, to provide insights for service providers in order to formulate specific products or applications that match with and satisfy customers’ needs better than those of their competitors. Managerial implications and limitations of the study results are also discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 129-151 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2015.1116796 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2015.1116796 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:129-151 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Peshkova Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Peshkova Author-Name: Taylan Urkmez Author-X-Name-First: Taylan Author-X-Name-Last: Urkmez Author-Name: Ralf Wagner Author-X-Name-First: Ralf Author-X-Name-Last: Wagner Title: Intimacy of the Russian upper middle class with luxury fashion Abstract: Russia has developed into one of the most important markets for luxury goods in the world. The aim of this study is to determine the factors influencing Russian consumers’ intentions to purchase luxury fashion goods. We focus on the growing high-middle- and middle-class consumer behavior patterns. This study attempts to contest practitioners’ knowledge and folklore with research hypotheses and to evaluate these in a rigorous quantitative process. We investigate the factors influencing Russian consumers’ intentions to purchase goods of luxury fashion brands based on two different models. The “Attitude toward Luxury Brands” (social-adjustive function) quantifies the extent to which luxury brands are facilitating self-expression of the owner and the projection of a particular image in socia settings. Additionally, we use the “Attitude toward Luxury Brands” (value-expressive function) in order to quantify the degree to which luxury brands are expressing the buyer’s self (beliefs, attitudes, values). The results of our analysis confirm practitioners’ prior beliefs that Russian consumer behavior patterns in luxury markets predominantly correspond to characteristics of symbolic consumption. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 152-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1143152 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1143152 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:152-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joonheui Bae Author-X-Name-First: Joonheui Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Author-Name: Dong-Mo Koo Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Mo Author-X-Name-Last: Koo Author-Name: Pekka Mattila Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Mattila Title: Affective motives to play online games Abstract: Most previous studies on online games have investigated the effects of cognitive motives, and thus neglected investigating affective motives. Using two studies (an experiment and a field study), the present research based on mood management theory aims to fill this void by investigating affective motives such as stress, pleasure, and arousal on intention to play online games. The present study demonstrates that the stress people experience in their life could be an initiator of online games play (Study 1), and both pleasure and arousal could be two important motives which make people stick with online games playing they have previously experienced (Study 2). We also showed that people with low self-esteem are more inclined to re-play online games when they experience more pleasure from playing games. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed in conclusion. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 174-184 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1143153 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1143153 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:174-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gyu-Hyeon Choi Author-X-Name-First: Gyu-Hyeon Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Author-Name: Junyong Kim Author-X-Name-First: Junyong Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Effects of displaying social enterprise certification information on consumers’ product evaluations and purchase intentions Abstract: This study examines how, in Korea, displaying the social enterprise certification logo and/or the information about the socially vulnerable employees affects consumers’ product evaluations and purchase intentions, especially when consumers have different general attitudes towards the vulnerable groups employed. The findings of an experiment showed that displaying the social certification logo on product labels always affected our participants’ purchase intentions for products positively, even when the label also disclosed the information that the product might be produced by employees who belong to socially vulnerable groups towards whom the participants had negative general attitudes. In addition, disclosing the information about the socially vulnerable groups the company hired affected the participants’ product purchase intentions in accordance with the valence of the attitudes the participants held towards the socially vulnerable groups. However, the participants’ evaluations of the product were not influenced by either the certification logo or the information about the employees. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 185-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1143154 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1143154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:185-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan C. L. König Author-X-Name-First: Jan C. L. Author-X-Name-Last: König Author-Name: Klaus-Peter Wiedmann Author-X-Name-First: Klaus-Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Wiedmann Author-Name: Nadine Hennigs Author-X-Name-First: Nadine Author-X-Name-Last: Hennigs Author-Name: Janina Haase Author-X-Name-First: Janina Author-X-Name-Last: Haase Title: The legends of tomorrow: A semiotic approach towards a brand myth of luxury heritage Abstract: The art of positioning luxury brands within a frame of heritage myths has become increasingly important for marketing and management recently, for communicating luxury values from the perspective of a unique brand is a major task to distinguish companies and products within the field of luxury and to gain a strong individual identity. However, the complexity of signs within shop designs is a semiotic phenomenon that is still rather focused on by the humanities, while its effective adaption for luxury fashion brands regarding heritage and value communication is still poorly understood and has not been explored so far. The most important value of our study is to present and analyse luxury sign chains in a traditional London gentleman’s bespoke shop with a semiotic approach. The analysis, based on Roland Barthes’ philosophy, leads to results which indicate remarkable implications for luxury brand management as well as to the suggestion to apply linguistic approaches more often for future research in luxury fashion, brand management, and marketing semiotics. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 198-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1143155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1143155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:198-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang Jin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sang Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Chang Han Lee Author-X-Name-First: Chang Han Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Role of user-created programs in online game consumer behavior Abstract: This article reports a study investigating value co-creation in online games through fan-created mods for effects on motivations, experiences, attitudes, and satisfaction. A study of 95 World of Tank players shows that user-created mod programs directly and positively influence players’ experiences and attitudes and also indirectly influence satisfaction. The study provides insights showing that mods benefit both game companies and players. Online game companies can use the results of this study to better understand the value of mods and to recognize that they will gain benefits by encouraging their use. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 217-226 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1174538 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1174538 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:217-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ping Sun Author-X-Name-First: Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Xiang Robert Li Author-X-Name-First: Xiang Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Drew Martin Author-X-Name-First: Drew Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: Cross-functional conflicts, effectiveness, and innovation performance: A symbiotic approach Abstract: Although cross-functional conflicts occur among departments, empirical research on the inherent mechanism remains scant. As conflict appears to be an element in innovation, by using a symbiotic approach combining traditional Confucian values and mainstream Western theories, this study of 135 Chinese high-tech companies investigates how various cross-functional conflict types influence cross-functional effectiveness, which in turn influences innovation performance. Results show an inverted U-shaped relationship for cross-functional task conflict and a negative relationship for cross-functional relationships on cross-functional effectiveness and innovation performance. Cross-functional effectiveness has a complementary mediation effect on the relationship between cross-functional task conflicts and innovation performance, and an indirect mediation effect on the relationship between cross-functional relationship conflicts and innovation performance. Trust moderates the relationship between cross-functional task conflict and cross-functional effectiveness, demonstrating a U-shaped relationship. Results are inconclusive about trust’s moderating effect between relationship conflict and cross-functional effectiveness. This study offers executives new guidelines for managing conflict and trust to improve their high-tech firm’s innovation climate. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 227-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1174541 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1174541 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:227-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monica Law Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Law Author-Name: Mark Ng Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ng Title: Age and gender differences: Understanding mature online users with the online purchase intention model Abstract: This study examines how demographic factors and different antecedents of mature online users relate to their purchase intention. Results obtained from a survey of about 400 respondents in Hong Kong and analyzed with a structural equation model indicate that security has a direct relationship only with purchase intention, whereas attitude is linked with innovativeness, usefulness, ease of purchase and online purchase intention, and attitude performs full mediation between usefulness and online purchase intention. Users aged 41--50 have a higher perceived ease of purchasing than older users (aged 51--70), and males have stronger personal innovativeness and perceived usefulness than females. This research makes a contribution to the understanding of mature users’ online purchase intention; it also provides significant implications of segmentation and marketing strategies and supports the view that online marketers should formulate different strategies to enhance mature users’ online experience and treat various kinds of users differently. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 248-269 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1174540 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1174540 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:248-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yang Sun Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Title: Influence of sustainable marketing activities on customer equity Abstract: As the world economy grows rapidly, societies consume increasingly more resources. The unfortunate by-product of development is that environmental and living conditions are degrading. Consequently, sustainability is a burning issue. The study here focuses on customer perspectives regarding whether or not sustainable marketing activities are effective if they appeal to environmental, economic, or social dimensions. If so, such sustainable marketing activities are likely to, influence customer equity through word-of-mouth (WOM) and brand attitudes. Customer equity drivers can forecast future customer trends that affect customer lifetime value (CLV). Young consumers are very important because they will be the primary consumption group in the near future. Research about this group can forecast the consumption trends for companies. The study tests propositions in a cross-cultural context to learn how young Chinese and Korean consumers (college students) differ in their attitudes. SPSS and AMOS were used to analyze the data. The results benefit marketing scholars and practitioners by shedding light on sustainable marketing effects on customer equity, brand attitudes, and WOM. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 270-283 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1174537 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1174537 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:270-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jihyun Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jihyun Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Hyun-Mee Joung Author-X-Name-First: Hyun-Mee Author-X-Name-Last: Joung Title: Psychological underpinnings of luxury brand goods repurchase intentions: Brand--self congruity, emotional attachment, and perceived level of investment made Abstract: This study unveils how affluent US consumers process, connect to, and invest various resources regarding luxury brands. The study examines relationships of brand--self congruity, emotional brand attachment, perceived level of investment, and repurchase intentions of a luxury brand. A nationwide, representative online survey was used and 476 adult consumers provided usable responses in the US. Findings from path analyses indicate that consumers’ luxury brand--self congruity positively and significantly predicted both emotional attachment to luxury brands and the perceived level of investment made toward the luxury brand. The perceived level of investment made toward the luxury brand positively impacted the consumers’ repurchase intention toward the brand and mediated interrelationships among the research constructs. Findings of the current study offer a conceptual framework for luxury retailers and marketers to enhance their brand strategies as well as the consumers’ experiences with the luxury brand. Managerial and theoretical implications are provided. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 284-299 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1174542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1174542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:284-299 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sangwon Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sangwon Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The interplay of brand sound meaning and brand origin on new high-tech product evaluation Abstract: This study explores the effects of brand sound meaning and brand origin on attitude toward really new high-tech products. Employing theoretical underpinnings from processing fluency theory, this study demonstrates that brand sound meaning and brand origin independently and jointly affect new product evaluations. Individual consumer differences (e.g. technological sophistication and perceived newness) also affect the brand sound meaning and brand origin effect on new product evaluation. Results from the experiments conducted demonstrate that (1) brand sound meaning matters more to the consumers who feel a lower perceived newness level in relation to the new products than to consumers who feel a higher perceived newness level, (2) brand origin effect is more pronounced if the consumers are technologically more sophisticated, and (3) brand sound meaning and brand origin interact at different perceived newness levels to determine the attitude toward the product such that at low perceived newness levels, brand sound meaning matters more for developed country brand origin. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 16-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1265318 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1265318 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:16-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Linda Jane Coleman Author-X-Name-First: Linda Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Coleman Author-Name: Lauren E. Cote Author-X-Name-First: Lauren E. Author-X-Name-Last: Cote Author-Name: Jian Gu Author-X-Name-First: Jian Author-X-Name-Last: Gu Author-Name: Victoria Nicolau Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Nicolau Title: Getting my tat on … and off: Consumer explanation of tattoos’ roles in presentation-of-self in everyday life Abstract: This study explores the attitudes and behaviors toward the wearing of tattoos. The areas of interest and discussion include the motivations of tattoo patrons, the advertising and marketing strategies for tattoo parlors, the perception of people with tattoos, the perception of tattoos in the workplace, and managerial implications for tattoo parlors. The article also contains findings of exploratory research conducted by the authors, as well as an in-depth literature review. Both of these work to support the authors’ hypothesis that the complexion of tattoo wearing is changing. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 46-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1265320 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1265320 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:46-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Senay Sabah Author-X-Name-First: Senay Author-X-Name-Last: Sabah Title: The impact of self-construal and self-concept clarity on socially motivated consumption: The moderating role of materialism Abstract: The present study focuses on the diamond wedding ring context in order to measure the effect of two important variables for consumption. The first one is the effect of the independent/interdependent self-construal factors in addition to self-concept clarity. The second one is the intersection effect of these self-related concepts with materialism on socially motivated consumption. These hypotheses are tested using multiple regression analysis. Analyses are made based on a data sample of 230. It has been found that all of the expected relations, except the direct relation between self-concept clarity and attitude towards diamond wedding ring, besides the moderating role of materialism between the interdependent self-construal and self-concept clarity and attitude towards diamond wedding ring, are significant. However, it is seen that the sign of the relation between interdependent self-construal and attitude towards wedding ring was negative. The present paper argues that these contradictory results may be due to cultural factors. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 31-45 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1265321 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1265321 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:31-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trang P. Tran Author-X-Name-First: Trang P. Author-X-Name-Last: Tran Author-Name: Bich Khanh Ngoc Ho Author-X-Name-First: Bich Author-X-Name-Last: Khanh Ngoc Ho Author-Name: Truc Quang Le Author-X-Name-First: Truc Author-X-Name-Last: Quang Le Author-Name: Hung Trong Hoang Author-X-Name-First: Hung Author-X-Name-Last: Trong Hoang Title: Application and validation of a consumer ethnocentrism scale in a young Vietnamese market segment Abstract: The primary objective of this study is to validate a consumer ethnocentrism scale in Vietnam on the basis of the existing scale, CETSCALE, proposed by Shimp and Sharma. The results from a student population show that the revised scale consists of two elements: affective and behavioral. The multidimensional structure of the revised scale is supported in the exploratory factor analysis phase and confirmed in the confirmatory factor analysis phase. The findings also indicate that convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity of the revised scale are established. The paper starts with a literature review of consumer ethnocentrism, includes methodology and discussions, and concludes with theoretical and managerial implications. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 60-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1265322 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1265322 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:60-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arch G. Woodside Author-X-Name-First: Arch G. Author-X-Name-Last: Woodside Title: Releasing the death-grip of null hypothesis statistical testing ( < .05): Applying complexity theory and somewhat precise outcome testing (SPOT) Abstract: Even though several scholars describe the telling weaknesses in such procedures, the dominating logic in research in the management sub-disciplines continues to rely on symmetric modeling using continuous variables and null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST). Though the term of reference is new, somewhat precise outcome testing (SPOT) procedures are available now and, along with asymmetric modeling, enable researchers to better match data analytics with their theories than the current pervasive theory–analysis mismatch. The majority (70%+) of articles in the leading journals of general management, marketing, finance, and the additional management sub-disciplines are examples of the mismatch. The mismatch may be a principal cause for the scant impact of the majority of articles. Asymmetric modeling and SPOT rests on the principal tenets of complexity theory rather than overly shallow and simplistic symmetric modeling and reporting of NHST findings. Though relatively rare, examples of asymmetric modeling and SPOT are available now in the management literature. The current lack of instructor knowledge and student training in MBA and PhD programs of asymmetric modeling and SPOT are the likely principal reasons for this scarcity. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-15 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1265323 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1265323 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:1-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harshada Rajeev Satghare Author-X-Name-First: Harshada Rajeev Author-X-Name-Last: Satghare Author-Name: Madhuri Sawant Author-X-Name-First: Madhuri Author-X-Name-Last: Sawant Title: Evaluation of official destination website of Maharashtra state (India) from the customer perspectives Abstract: The article aims to evaluate the official destination website of Maharashtra, the leading tourism state in India, through user judgment approach. After extensive review of literature, the researchers have proposed the instrument to measure the performance of the destination website from customer perspective. The instrument developed, namely “Destination website evaluation scale”, measured website on the basis of five critical success factors: quality of information, ease of use, customization and interactivity, identity- and trust-building components and online booking. Reliability and validity tests applied confirmed the usefulness of the instrument. User ratings (collected from 300 respondents) have made the researcher to understand the preferred attributes of the website. Statistical “t test” was used to compare the gap between importance and performance of attributes. The findings revealed that, except the factor “identity- and trust-building components”, there is a huge gap (significant difference) between the importance and performance of various website attributes. Therefore, constructive suggestions were given for improvement of the identified critical success factors of website. The findings are helpful for destination marketing organization to acknowledge online information preferences and e-consumer behavior. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 234-247 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577154 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:234-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sangeetha Gunasekar Author-X-Name-First: Sangeetha Author-X-Name-Last: Gunasekar Author-Name: Sooriya Sudhakar Author-X-Name-First: Sooriya Author-X-Name-Last: Sudhakar Title: How user-generated judgments of hotel attributes indicate guest satisfaction Abstract: User-generated content is a major source of information particularly in tourism industry where consumers seek unbiased and unregulated information. While making their hotel booking decisions, consumers refer to the previous guests’ experiences expressed in the hotel reviews across social media. Studies in the literature have focused on enhancing the understanding of what makes customers satisfied or dissatisfied. They have analyzed the text reviews and the patterns in the overall rating and ranking of the hotels given by hotel guests. While most emerging destinations have been studied in the literature, studies related to India, a fast-growing leisure destination are scant. The present study tries to understand the hotel attributes that contribute towards customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction using online reviews for all hotels of Andaman & Nicobar Islands in India. Among the eight attributes identified from the most frequently used words in the text reviews, the study finds that while the location has a significant probability of increasing the ratings of both high- and low-rated reviews, rooms seem to have the most significant impact on lowering the probability of high scores irrespective of positive or negative sentiment review. The study also finds that guests of luxury hotels rate the hotels significantly higher than the guests of midrange and budget hotels. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 180-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:180-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chindu Chandran Author-X-Name-First: Chindu Author-X-Name-Last: Chandran Author-Name: Prodyut Bhattacharya Author-X-Name-First: Prodyut Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharya Title: Hotel’s best practices as strategic drivers for environmental sustainability and green marketing Abstract: Majority of the hospitality industry depends on the natural beauty and charisma of destinations thus emphasis on sustainability should be laid. Hotel operators are aware of the benefits of sustainability and many of them publicly promote their best practices as their marketing strategy. They are adopting green marketing as an opportunity to differentiate themselves from their competitors, cut costs associated with waste disposal and material usage. This paper aims at understanding the importance of green marketing with respect to implementing green practices in the hotel industry. The purpose of the study was to determine the benefits and challenges of undertaking environmental best practices and integrating these practices into their marketing strategy. The data were gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected by surveying the hotel staff across 20 hotels in India. Study concluded that hotels who have implemented green practices in their operations have been benefited like enhanced reputation and more worth among customers in comparison to other hotels. Most of the hotel implemented the environmental initiatives without any systematic approach. It is recommended that hotels should develop green management policies for improved quality of the environment and minimizing their impact of operations on the environment. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 218-233 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577156 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577156 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:218-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Priya Bhalla Author-X-Name-First: Priya Author-X-Name-Last: Bhalla Author-Name: Prodyut Bhattacharya Author-X-Name-First: Prodyut Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharya Title: Visitors’ satisfaction from ecotourism in the protected area of the Indian Himalayan Region using importance–performance analysis Abstract: Protected areas are increasingly becoming primary focus for ecotourism. Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary situated in the Indian Himalayan Region offers its visitors key ecotourism products like enjoying Himalayan vistas, nature trekking, bird watching, photography and the homestays. Visitors to ecologically fragile destinations form crucial tourism stakeholders and require understanding of their demands and satisfaction levels to sustain a flow of visitors in the increasingly competitive tourism market. The present research assessed the importance and performance of the service and facilities attributes offered by the sanctuary in order to measure visitor satisfaction from ecotourism experience, using an importance–performance analysis. Findings indicate good performance of service providers in terms of environmental conservation, ensuring safety of visitors and maintaining view point conditions. Whereas, efforts need to be concentrated in improving user facilities, nature guiding, signage and information, food quality, and accommodation facility attributes. Chi-square analysis revealed that visitors undertaking unplanned day visit to the sanctuary were more likely to be non-satisfied, raising questions on the type of visitors arriving at the sanctuary. In order to enhance visitors’ satisfaction levels, basic facilities within the sanctuary need improvement besides developing interpretations component, such that the intrinsic nature and quality of nature-based ecotourism destination is achieved. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 162-179 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577157 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577157 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:162-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jason Oliver Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver Author-Name: Stefanie Benjamin Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie Author-X-Name-Last: Benjamin Author-Name: Hillary Leonard Author-X-Name-First: Hillary Author-X-Name-Last: Leonard Title: Recycling on vacation: Does pro-environmental behavior change when consumers travel? Abstract: The existing literature on recycling behavior suggests social and convenience factors are positively associated with recycling behavior. Less is known about how environmental values, environmental self-efficacy, attitudes toward recycling, and attitudes toward recycling effort affect recycling frequency and behavior. Further, recycling behavior is often studied when consumers are at home; behavior may change when consumers are on vacation. Therefore, this article examines understudied attitudinal variables that may be related to recycling behavior using self-report data about recycling from both residents and people on vacation. The study suggests attitudinal variables affect recycling behaviors, and replicates previous findings that people are less likely to recycle when they are on vacation. People who recycle at home may abandon recycling practices on vacation, even if they believe they can make a difference and have strong environment attitudes. The article concludes with suggestions to improve recycling behaviors for consumers when they are at home and when they are tourists. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 266-280 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577158 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577158 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:266-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Saurabh Kumar Dixit Author-X-Name-First: Saurabh Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Dixit Author-Name: Kuan-Huei Lee Author-X-Name-First: Kuan-Huei Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Poh Theng Loo Author-X-Name-First: Poh Theng Author-X-Name-Last: Loo Title: Consumer behavior in hospitality and tourism Abstract: Consumer behavior includes individual decision-making (IDM). IDM has implications in customer satisfaction, loyalty and other behavioral intentions toward the organizations’ products and services. Consumer behavior in hospitality and tourism targets to study consumers and tourists in different leisure and touristic places such as hotels, convention centers, amusement parks, national parks and the transportation sector. This present special issue of JGSMS on the “Consumer Behavior in Hospitality and Tourism” applies an interdisciplinary approach in the selection of papers. The aim is to provide a broad view of novel topics and presents the current scenario in the hospitality and business arena. After exhausting double-blind peer review process, the issue includes seven papers. These papers address varied themes relating to consumer behavior ranging from sustainable tourism, environmental issues and green tourism to the impact of hotel online reviews using social media. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 151-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577159 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577159 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:151-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neeraj Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Neeraj Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Bijoylaxmi Sarmah Author-X-Name-First: Bijoylaxmi Author-X-Name-Last: Sarmah Title: Consumer engagement in village eco-tourism: A case of the cleanest village in Asia – Mawlynnong Abstract: This study examines the unique role of local community–consumer/customer engagement in influencing consumer/customer satisfaction (reflected in terms of economic activity) and future behavioural intention (reflected in terms of tourism develop-ment) in eco-tourism context in Mawlynnong village, Meghalaya,India, which has rightfully earned for itself the title of “Cleanest village in Asia.” The study builds on the contents and data from 35 in-depth researches on tourism (in the context of Mawlynnong) with the help of a content analysis (using NVivo 12) method and interaction with 8 local village families followed by structural equation modelling(SEM) analysis (using Adanco 2.0.2).The results show that factors such as cleanliness, local community–consumer/customer engagement, infrastructure, heritage and education enhance perceived trust among tourists, resulting in tourism development and enhanced economic activity by tourists. The participative service innovation behaviour (cleanliness) positively influences exploration intention(tourism) in this context. Furthermore, participative service innovation behaviour (in cleanliness) is found to mediate the relationship between its two driving factors, namely local community engagement and perceived trust in the service provider(tourism). The findings also provide various strategies tourism and hospitality firms and government tourism departments can use to prioritize factors and co-creating a replicable model of service innovation effectively using Mawlynnong example. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 248-265 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577692 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577692 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:248-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raouf Ahmad Rather Author-X-Name-First: Raouf Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Rather Author-Name: Shehnaz Tehseen Author-X-Name-First: Shehnaz Author-X-Name-Last: Tehseen Author-Name: Murtaza Hassan Itoo Author-X-Name-First: Murtaza Hassan Author-X-Name-Last: Itoo Author-Name: Shakir Hussain Parrey Author-X-Name-First: Shakir Hussain Author-X-Name-Last: Parrey Title: Customer brand identification, affective commitment, customer satisfaction, and brand trust as antecedents of customer behavioral intention of loyalty: An empirical study in the hospitality sector Abstract: The current study presents an integrated model that explores how customer brand identification (CBI), affective commitment, customer satisfaction, and brand trust influence the development of customer behavioral intention of loyalty (CBIL) in the hospitality sector. The underpinning theories of this study are social identity theory and relationship marketing theory. Data were collected in the form of a survey from 345 customers staying at different hotels across six cities in India. The data were analyzed by using confirmatory factor analysis, followed by structural equation modeling. The findings illustrated that the influence of CBI on CBIL is direct as well as mediated by affective commitment, customer satisfaction, and brand trust. The latter three constructs were also direct predictors of CBIL while the influence of customer satisfaction and brand trust on CBIL was found to be mediated by affective commitment as well. These matters have received little attention in marketing generally and hospitality research particularly, and knowledge of the proposed relationships may lead to further research on this topic. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 196-217 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1577694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1577694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:196-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: vi-vi Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1596642 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1596642 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:vi-vi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: v-v Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1596644 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1596644 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:v-v Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Felix Septianto Author-X-Name-First: Felix Author-X-Name-Last: Septianto Author-Name: Jake An Author-X-Name-First: Jake Author-X-Name-Last: An Author-Name: Bambang Soegianto Author-X-Name-First: Bambang Author-X-Name-Last: Soegianto Title: Personalized giving: Configurational approach in examining demographics, morality, and prosocial intentions Abstract: Prior research in charitable giving and prosocial behavior has identified that demographic and psychological factors can influence consumer intentions to donate. However, such research has mostly examined the net effects of such factors. The current research aims to address this important issue by employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and exploring different combinations of moral emotion, moral judgment, moral identity, and demographic factors that lead to higher customer intentions to donate time and money. In doing so, this research provides concrete managerial implications by highlighting the importance of personalized and targeted marketing strategies. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 330-342 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1622433 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1622433 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:330-342 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hazem Rasheed Gaber Author-X-Name-First: Hazem Author-X-Name-Last: Rasheed Gaber Author-Name: Ahmed Mousa Elsamadicy Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed Mousa Author-X-Name-Last: Elsamadicy Author-Name: Len Tiu Wright Author-X-Name-First: Len Tiu Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Title: Why do consumers use Facebook brand pages? A case study of a leading fast-food brand fan page in Egypt Abstract: This paper identifies the reasons that make consumers actively engage on Facebook brand pages. By adopting the Uses and Gratification Theory, this article presents a number of uses for these online brand communities. A qualitative study was conducted to collect data from the Facebook page of a leading fast-food brand in Egypt. A content analysis for the comments that were posted by consumers on the brand page over the period of three months was conducted. The findings showed that consumers actively contribute to the content of the brand page for eight reasons which are: search for information, complaining, socializing, obtaining incentives, entertainment seeking, expression of emotions, brand advocacy and enhancing social image. Prior research has focused on consumer participation in offline brand communities. Given the rapid adoption of social media based brand communities in marketing, this article expands the research focus to the social media domains, which have largely replaced traditional marketing methods. The article provides some useful guidelines for companies to follow when adopting marketing on Facebook brand pages. By understanding why consumers use these pages, companies can execute more effective social media marketing strategies that allow them to fully grasp the potentials of these new media. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 293-310 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1622434 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1622434 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:293-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yong Tang Author-X-Name-First: Yong Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Meiling Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Meiling Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Hongyao Qin Author-X-Name-First: Hongyao Author-X-Name-Last: Qin Author-Name: Yuxuan Liu Author-X-Name-First: Yuxuan Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Lingxiao Xiang Author-X-Name-First: Lingxiao Author-X-Name-Last: Xiang Title: Negative word of mouth about foreign lands: Dimensions of the shared discomforts narrated in travel blogs Abstract: This study seeks to report international tourists’ negative accounts of their visits to Sichuan, an emerging international tourist destination in the southwest of China and the hometown of Giant Pandas. Using the Interpretative Netnography Approach, the study employs the Atlas.ti and NVivo to analyze blog narratives collected from the TravelPod, one of the first website to offer free service to users to create travel blogs. The results indicate that unpleasant encounters with squat toilet became the targets of frequent complaints while the richest accounts were centered on tough and stuffy long bus ride threatened by potential risk of bad road, uncomfortable train tour, and unpleasant air travel experiences. This study recognizes that international travelers’ negative accounts on foreign lands as indicated in travel blogs have been produced in the context of cultural politics, filters and barriers, post-colonialism, and narrative turn, as well as personal point of reference and travelers’ bias. The findings will deepen the current understanding of negative word of mouth narrated in travel blogs so as to respond accordingly and prevent its undesirable consequences to destination image throughout postmodern consumer culture in the economic and cultural globalized world. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 311-329 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1622436 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1622436 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:311-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arch G. Woodside Author-X-Name-First: Arch G. Author-X-Name-Last: Woodside Author-Name: Pedro Bernal Mir Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Author-X-Name-Last: Bernal Mir Title: Clicks and purchase effects of an embedded, social-media, platform endorsement in internet advertising Abstract: This study describes the use of a true (not quasi or “natural”) field experiment to test the impact of a third-party endorsement message embedded in an email advertisement on customer behavior – the message embed calls attention to reviews of third-persons’ hotel-stays, mostly positive assessments, and a high overall rating (i.e. four stars in TripAdvisor for a national (Spanish) hotel chain. Applying a between-subjects experiment design, each of two versions of the email advertisement was sent to one of two random samples of treatment (embed) and control (no embed) groups of hotel’s customers (n = 97,451 and 97,662, respectively). The study includes five dependent variables (DVs): clicks-to-open email; clicks-to-open offer; clicks-to-purchase room rental; number-of-nights stayed; and total revenue generated for the treatment versus control groups. Behavior was higher for all dependent measures per participants in the treatment versus control groups. Revenue per study participant was 0.083 € for members in the control group versus 0.134 € for members in the treatment group. Total revenue was 13,097 € in the treatment group and 8,143 € from guests in the control group. The share increases in the DVs may be useful as baseline share changes in future studies on behavior influences of social media embeds in internet advertisements. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 343-357 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1622437 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1622437 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:343-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sabine Fließ Author-X-Name-First: Sabine Author-X-Name-Last: Fließ Author-Name: Michael Kleinaltenkamp Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Kleinaltenkamp Title: Commentary essay on “blueprinting the service company – managing service processes efficiently” Abstract: In 2004, our article “Blueprinting the service company – managing service processes efficiently” was published in the Journal of Business Research. We were invited by the editor, Arch G. Woodside, to comment on the success of the article and the further development of the topics addressed, which we are most happy to do. The comment is organized as follows: first, we will summarize the main contributions of our original work. In the second part, we will address further developments of the original article’s central issues, thus, highlighting the evolution of the service blueprinting method. In the third and final part, we will discuss the relevance of service blueprinting in the light of recent developments in service theory. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 281-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1622438 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1622438 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:281-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Title: George P. Moschis tribute special issue: His philosophy and contributions (Part II) Abstract: This is the second part of the George P. Moschis tribute special issue. In this part, I briefly present the gist of contributions made by each article included in this second part of the special issue. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1686863 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1686863 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Betul Balikcioglu Author-X-Name-First: Betul Author-X-Name-Last: Balikcioglu Author-Name: Zerrin Arslan Author-X-Name-First: Zerrin Author-X-Name-Last: Arslan Title: Explaining the link between materialism and life satisfaction: A life course study in Turkey Abstract: The relationship between materialism and life satisfaction has been widely researched, but the direction of the presumed causality is a subject of debate. Most previous studies suggest that materialism makes people unhappy, other research suggests that unhappiness may promote materialism, while some researchers suggest that they emerged relationship may be the result of third variables. Such speculations remain largely unanswered in part because previous studies have ignored the mechanisms that explain the development of these orientations. The present study uses the life course approach to explain the mechanisms that may lead to the observed relationship between materialism and life satisfaction in Turkey. Despite its cross-sectional nature, the study findings suggest that the emerged relationships between the two variables reported in previous studies may develop relatively independent of each other; and they may explain the inconsistent findings about the nature of the relationship between the two variables. The findings raise the issue of whether the two variables are causally related or whether they are causally related as strongly as it was originally thought. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 4-17 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613911 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:4-17 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George P. Moschis Author-X-Name-First: George P. Author-X-Name-Last: Moschis Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Author-Name: Thuckavadee Sthienrapapayut Author-X-Name-First: Thuckavadee Author-X-Name-Last: Sthienrapapayut Title: Gerontographics and consumer behavior in later life: Insights from the life course paradigm Abstract: The present article applies the life course paradigm to the study of older consumers. It is based on the general life course premise that events experienced in later life in the form of biophysical, social, and psychological changes create demand for readjustment and adaptation to new life conditions that define the multi-dimensional processes of aging and influence consumer behavior. These aging processes are collectively integrated into a model to develop stages of aging, known as “gerontographics,” that people go through in later life. To test the model’s efficacy in predicting consumption-related activities, a convenience sample (N = 383) of adults aged 45 and older is used to develop the gerontographics model and compared it to commonly used measures of aging (chronological and cognitive age) in predicting select consumer behaviors relevant to people in later life. The results reveal the value of the gerontographics model in understanding and explaining the consumer behavior of older adults. Implications of these findings and directions for further research are also discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 18-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:18-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Randall Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Randall Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Thuckavadee Sthienrapapayut Author-X-Name-First: Thuckavadee Author-X-Name-Last: Sthienrapapayut Author-Name: George P. Moschis Author-X-Name-First: George P. Author-X-Name-Last: Moschis Author-Name: Thorsten Teichert Author-X-Name-First: Thorsten Author-X-Name-Last: Teichert Author-Name: Betul Balikcioglu Author-X-Name-First: Betul Author-X-Name-Last: Balikcioglu Title: Family life cycle and the life course paradigm: A four-country comparative study of consumer expenditures Abstract: Marketers and academics have long been trying to develop effective segmentation models such as several versions of the family life cycle (FLC), which predicts behavior based on stages people are expected to sequentially experience during their lives. However, stage-based factors have been found poor predictors of consumer behavior, and assumptions held by the FLC model fall short of reality. Despite limitations inherent in family life cycle models and recent developments in other disciplines that have resulted in the replacement of the term “life cycle” with the more continuous concept of the “life course,” marketers are yet to capitalize on such recent developments for improving FLC models. This study shows how the traditional FLC model can be improved by incorporating variables from the life course paradigm (LCP). Although the databases employed do not permit the development of refined FLC stages for testing various assumptions derived from the LCP, the paper provides a “sensitizing” framework for thinking how to improve efforts to study consumers at different FLC stages. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 34-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613913 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613913 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:34-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Author-Name: Preecha Yingwattanakul Author-X-Name-First: Preecha Author-X-Name-Last: Yingwattanakul Author-Name: Randall Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Randall Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Euehun Lee Author-X-Name-First: Euehun Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Cristiane Pizzutti Author-X-Name-First: Cristiane Author-X-Name-Last: Pizzutti Title: Using the life course approach to explain the onset and continuity of preventive health-care behaviors: A comparative study across four countries Abstract: The objective of this research is to examine the factors that promote the onset and continuity of preventive health-care behaviors over the course of one’s life. Using the life course paradigm as an overarching conceptual framework, hypotheses are developed that relate to the role of life events that trigger processes responsible for the initiation and discontinuation of three preventive health-care behaviors: exercising, using dietary supplements or vitamins, and having regular physical exams. The samples used are drawn from the United States, Thailand, South Korea, and Brazil. Results suggest that experience of life events and consequential life-course adaptation processes (socialization, stress and coping, and human development) are important predictors of initiation and discontinuation of preventive health-care behaviors. The relative influence of these explanatory variables varies across cultures, suggesting the importance of contextual factors in explaining preventive health-care behaviors. Implications for further research are also suggested. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 45-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613907 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613907 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:45-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuko Minowa Author-X-Name-First: Yuko Author-X-Name-Last: Minowa Author-Name: Russell W. Belk Author-X-Name-First: Russell W. Author-X-Name-Last: Belk Title: Qualitative approaches to life course research: Linking life story to gift giving Abstract: This paper presents qualitative approaches to life course research and elucidates the benefits with data. While marketing research in general has gradually embraced the interpretive paradigm, the field of life course study in marketing has not widely enriched, fortified, or complemented their quantitative investigations with interpretive studies. Thus, this paper presents qualitative methods suitable for life course research. The paper reviews recent life course studies that employ qualitative methods. Data collection, analysis, and interpretation methods are addressed. Both benefits and limitations of the qualitative methods are discussed. We demonstrate how to apply and use the qualitative data to study life course issues and topics. As an illustration, we link a qualitative study of the gift giving of mature consumers in Japan to Moschis’ Conceptual Life Course Model and discuss the paradigmatic principles of life course theory. The paper concludes with opportunities for future research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 60-75 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613905 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613905 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:60-75 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pakakorn Rakrachakarn Author-X-Name-First: Pakakorn Author-X-Name-Last: Rakrachakarn Author-Name: Florian Kohlbacher Author-X-Name-First: Florian Author-X-Name-Last: Kohlbacher Title: Natural disasters and the life course paradigm: The case of 2011 Japanese triple disaster Abstract: Recent research in several disciplines suggests the use of the life course paradigm for understanding the effects of natural disasters on people. This study examines the effects of the March 2011 Japanese disaster in the context of the life course paradigm. While all previous studies on the effects of natural disasters have been based on surveys using retrospective measures of disasters and their effects, the present study is unique in that it uses data from surveys completed before and after the Japanese disaster, allowing the assessment of the effects of this disaster from a natural experiment. The findings support the value of the life course paradigm in understanding the processes by which people’s lives are affected by disasters, including their consumption behaviors in response to disasters. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 76-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:76-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Baker Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Author-Name: Kara Chan Author-X-Name-First: Kara Author-X-Name-Last: Chan Title: The effects of life events on the development of materialism and compulsive consumption: a life course study in the United States and Hong Kong Abstract: Compulsive consumption and materialism are regarded as global phenomena that can potentially have adverse effects on consumer welfare. Recent developments in social sciences suggest that such phenomena may best be understood in the context of a consumer’s earlier-in-life experiences. This study aims to understand the effects of disruptive life events on materialism and compulsive consumption among adolescents. Using the life course paradigm, it is hypothesized that the development of these consumer orientations is influenced by life events experienced earlier-in-life. Surveys of young adults in the United States and Hong Kong are used to test the measurement equivalence of the main variables, and the hypotheses are tested using structural equation modeling. Results support the mediating role of peer communication in the relationship between experienced stressful disruptive life events and the young adults’ materialism and compulsive consumption orientations, and offer insights into the divergent effects of the mediating role of tangible and intangible family resources. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 88-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613904 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613904 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:88-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Erratum Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 226-226 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1317910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1317910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:226-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph W. Chang Author-X-Name-First: Joseph W. Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: To sponsor or not to sponsor: Transgressions are unequally detrimental Abstract: Extant research in endorsements has widely examined the impacts of scandals on the evaluations of tarnished endorsers and endorsed brands. However, less is known about the impacts of specific scandal characteristics on tarnished endorsers and endorsed brands. Capitalizing on the cue-diagnosticity theory, this study investigates the influence of transgression relevance and severity on the evaluations of athlete endorsers and endorsed brands. The results indicate that transgression severity and relevance yield different patterns of erosion on endorser expertise, endorser images, and endorsed brands. Specifically, high-severity transgressions are more detrimental than low-severity transgressions to brand evaluations. However, high-relevance transgressions are more detrimental than low-relevance transgressions only when the severity of transgression is high. Severe transgressions are not severely detrimental unless the transgressions are highly relevant to the expertise of the athlete endorsers. Thus, the consideration of sponsorship termination for tarnished athlete endorsers should be hierarchical. It is plausible to terminate the sponsorship for tarnished endorsers involved in severe and relevant transgressions. However, some tolerance may be given for athlete endorsers involved in severe, but irrelevant, transgressions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 209-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318665 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318665 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:209-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Grönroos Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Grönroos Title: Relationship marketing and service: An update Abstract: In marketing, service and relationships interrelate. Service is based on relationships between actors, and according to the Nordic school research tradition, relationship marketing cannot be implemented without service. The development of service logic in the literature emphasizes that adopting a service perspective on their business and marketing enables service firms and product manufacturers alike to develop, maintain and enhance relationships with customers. From the customers’ point of view, all firms are service firms. “Promise theory” points out that promises made by conventional sales and marketing efforts must be successfully kept. Otherwise marketing will fail. The present article describes connections between service logic and relationship marketing, and between promise making and promise keeping. To implement relationship marketing, deep understanding of service culture and internal marketing as strategic management issues is central. Therefore, integrated management of the marketing and organizational behavior interface is imperative. This warrants cross-functional and inter-disciplinary research and decision-making. Finally, challenges for the organization relating to the implementation of relationship marketing are put forward. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 201-208 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318666 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318666 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:201-208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Barry J. Babin Author-X-Name-First: Barry J. Author-X-Name-Last: Babin Author-Name: Jill P. Attaway Author-X-Name-First: Jill P. Author-X-Name-Last: Attaway Author-Name: Kevin W. James Author-X-Name-First: Kevin W. Author-X-Name-Last: James Title: Commenting on “Atmospheric affect … gaining share of customer” Abstract: In the year 2000, the Journal of Business Research (JBR) published “Atmospheric affect as a tool for creating value and gaining share of customer” by Babin and Attaway. Along with the help of reviewers and the audience at a prestigious retailing symposium hosted by Jean-Charles Chebat in Montreal a year or so earlier, the authors put together a contribution that appears to have stood the test of time. Through the past five years, the article continues to see nearly 100 citations annually. The comments presented here try to offer some thoughts on what makes this particular JBR article successful. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 195-200 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318667 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318667 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:195-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wooyang Kim Author-X-Name-First: Wooyang Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: C. Anthony Di Benedetto Author-X-Name-First: C. Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Di Benedetto Author-Name: James M. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: James M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: Consumer innovativeness and international consumer behavior: Comments and extensions Abstract: This study aims to discuss consumer innovativeness, as proffered by Kim, Di Benedetto, and Hunt in the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science and found in other work carried out by Kim et al. We first review research pertaining to the dimensionality of innovativeness in the study of the consumer decision process. We then review current trends in research regarding innovation. Finally, we make several suggestions in the interests of improving research on the concept, with a particular focus on social interaction surrounding various forms of innovation. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 184-194 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318668 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318668 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:184-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Paula Fitzgerald Author-X-Name-First: M. Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzgerald Title: Reflections on “Word-of-mouth effects on short-term and long-term product judgments” Abstract: Consumer researchers have studied word-of-mouth (WOM) for decades. Herein, I comment on my paper, “Word-of-mouth effects on short-term and long-term product judgments,” which appeared in Journal of Business Research in 1995. I discuss the article’s unique theoretical and empirical characteristics. Additionally, I recognize the significant changes in consumer behavior (i.e. online posting and social media) which increased researchers’ use of the article in their own work. Finally, I identify several current developments in WOM research: factors that motivate consumers to create electronic WOM, how the WOM construct has been re-conceptualized, and how research focused on trust and authenticity is of increasing importance. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 180-183 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318669 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318669 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:180-183 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donald R. Lehmann Author-X-Name-First: Donald R. Author-X-Name-Last: Lehmann Title: Creating and writing effective research Abstract: A successful career as an academic researcher is generally driven by intrinsic interest, good taste in problem selection, careful execution (effort), and good communication. Different approaches have proven to be successful and different researchers are suited to different styles. Nonetheless, some general characteristics underlie much successful research. Importantly, unless a person is interested in a problem (and others are also), there is little chance the work will be completed and, if it is, it will have impact. Further, most successful research addresses a relevant problem and is analyzed and communicated in a straightforward way. Importantly, however, no single approach is best. Rather, each researcher is best off tailoring their approach to their own skills and interests. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 171-179 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318670 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318670 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:171-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Ackerman Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Ackerman Author-Name: Christina Chung Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Title: Thoughts on “‘We’ or ‘Me’ consumer goods” five years later Abstract: Culture and self-construal impact on how consumers purchase and use products as well as the strategies marketers use to promote and position their products. Consumer behavior in individualist societies can be quite different from that of collectivist societies. Similarly, consumers with an independent self-construal can react quite differently in various contexts from those who have an interdependent self-construal. This paper reviews the consequences of these findings for various contexts in marketing as found in subsequent literature. The topics include purchase of luxury goods through the work of Kastanakis and Balabanis. Secondly, it examines impulse purchases. It also follows the consequences of culture and self-construal on brand strategy. Lastly, this paper takes a look at implications within the context of choice tasks. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 165-170 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1318671 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1318671 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:165-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ji-Yeon Park Author-X-Name-First: Ji-Yeon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Negative emotion and purchase behavior following social exclusion Abstract: This research investigates how the different social exclusions, being rejected versus being ignored, in a shopping context alter consumers’ negative emotions and the behavioral responses they produce. The authors propose that in being rejected, feelings of anger increase more than those of shame, producing antisocial behaviors (e.g. stopping purchase), whereas in being ignored, feelings of shame increase more than those of anger, producing prosocial behaviors (e.g. ongoing purchase). The authors document the moderating effects of social face and self-construal on the relation of social exclusion and negative emotion and the relation of negative emotion and purchase behavior, which provides different recommendations for addressing negative emotional and behavioral responses. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 111-122 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1265319 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1265319 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:111-122 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seulgi Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seulgi Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Heeju Chae Author-X-Name-First: Heeju Author-X-Name-Last: Chae Author-Name: Chieko Minami Author-X-Name-First: Chieko Author-X-Name-Last: Minami Title: A study of the authenticity of traditional cultural products: focus on Korean, Chinese, and Japanese consumers Abstract: Countries’ specific traditional cultures are becoming popular subjects for commercialization. The research discussed here focuses on “traditional cultural products” (TCPs) and investigates consumer attitudes and behaviors with respect to cultural aspects. Consumer attitudes and the purposes of consumption within the commercialization of traditional cultures encircling cultural authenticity are scrutinized. Results show that while the personal factor of consumers’ open-mindedness toward other cultures positively influences their attitudes toward TCPs, the ethnocentrism and familiarity of the culture have negative effects. This analysis of the purchasing purpose model of culture products among three countries – Korea, China, and Japan – shows that positive attitudes toward the aesthetic elements are crucial in raising the will to consume traditional cultural goods. Moreover, Korean and Chinese consumers have significantly considered the cultural/historical authenticity of goods whereas Japanese consumers have found craftsmanship to be more vital. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 93-110 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1283794 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1283794 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:93-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andy Fred Wali Author-X-Name-First: Andy Fred Author-X-Name-Last: Wali Author-Name: N. Gladson Nwokah Author-X-Name-First: N. Gladson Author-X-Name-Last: Nwokah Title: Aviation customers’ journey, who cares? Managing customer experiences with customer relationship management strategy: Insight into Nigerian customers’ perspectives Abstract: This qualitative paper investigates Nigeria Air passengers’ experiences and how their experiences can be improved with customer relationship management initiatives for enhanced customer satisfaction and business competitiveness. Focus group interviews and unsynchronized email interviews were employed to collect data from respondents and the thematic template analysis technique with NVivo-Pro version 11 was used for data analysis. The study revealed that the following emerging themes – tripartite collaboration, customer focus, customer sensitization and solicitation of customer experience feedback – were key for wining customers’ trust and enhancing customer satisfaction, and presents opportunities for effective market competition. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 123-135 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1283795 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1283795 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:123-135 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Conrad Henry Author-X-Name-First: Paul Conrad Author-X-Name-Last: Henry Author-Name: Marylouise Caldwell Author-X-Name-First: Marylouise Author-X-Name-Last: Caldwell Title: Consumer and societal credit card tensions and rights: A foundational model of paradoxes and resolutions Abstract: This study explores the theoretical foundations for consumer rights by drawing on broader human rights theories and consumer marketing literature. The study examines credit card debt through this theoretical lens and develops a model of consumer rights. The model is developed through a synthesis of rights literature and document analysis of newspaper articles about credit cards and debt. The study identifies two primary tensions. The first is a call for individual responsibility versus a call for protection of consumer rights. The second is the perception that credit cards either facilitate or inhibit quality of life and self-fulfilment. The position in this tension-ridden, arguably paradoxical space depends on beliefs and perceptions about human frailty, institutional precariousness, conflict, and locus of sympathy. This rights model can be used to understand the conditions where the pressure for consumer rights is either amplified or inhibited. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 79-92 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1283796 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1283796 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:79-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giovanni Pino Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni Author-X-Name-Last: Pino Author-Name: Gianluigi Guido Author-X-Name-First: Gianluigi Author-X-Name-Last: Guido Author-Name: Rajan Nataraajan Author-X-Name-First: Rajan Author-X-Name-Last: Nataraajan Title: Iconic art infusion in luxury retail strategies: Unveiling the potential Abstract: This research investigates art infusion, a phenomenon in which artistic elements contribute to enhance the perceived value of consumer goods, in the retailing sector. An experiment conducted with 188 consumers suggests that individuals with high dispositional greed are more interested in shopping in luxury stores that promote products through artworks representative of an artist’s iconic, that is, most recognizable, style. Results show that greed determines consumers’ store preference through an externalized luxury tendency, that is a tendency to purchase luxury goods to show off social status. Such an effect proved to be stronger for extroverted than for introverted consumers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 136-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1283797 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1283797 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:136-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Momoko Fujita Author-X-Name-First: Momoko Author-X-Name-Last: Fujita Author-Name: Paul Harrigan Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Harrigan Author-Name: Geoffrey Soutar Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Soutar Title: A netnography of a university’s social media brand community: Exploring collaborative co-creation tactics Abstract: This research explores the nature of collaborative co-creation in a university-initiated social media brand community (SMBC). SMBCs provide significant opportunities to enhance student experiences by facilitating the co-creation of value and brand meanings. However, little is known about what makes organization-initiated SMBCs successful. A netnographic analysis of an exemplary Facebook brand page of an Australian university results in the emergence of four key tactics demonstrated in the collaborative co-creation processes: (1) integrating school/student artifacts in visual narratives; (2) co-authoring student/staff brand stories; (3) co-delivering student services; (4) twisting and playing the school sub-cultures. These findings suggest that a university’s physical community and existing reciprocal relationships provide the contexts of co-creation in the SMBC. Also, the pivotal role of university marketers in inspiring and empowering students and employees to engage in the co-creation process is supported. Further, students are found to adopt various technological and ideological features of social media to personalize their co-creation experiences. This study provides higher education practitioners with a basis for actionable social media strategies and advances understanding of SMBCs in an education services context. In addition, the study demonstrates how netnography can be adopted by practitioners to deepen their understanding of student experiences. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 148-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1283798 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1283798 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:148-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger J. Calantone Author-X-Name-First: Roger J. Author-X-Name-Last: Calantone Author-Name: Anthony Di Benedetto Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Di Benedetto Author-Name: Gaia Rubera Author-X-Name-First: Gaia Author-X-Name-Last: Rubera Title: Launch activities and timing in new product development Abstract: This essay builds from the article “Launch Timing and Launch Activities Proficiency as Antecedents to New Product Performance.” The study here summarizes the literature streams which informed that research study, describes the contribution of our manuscript and how it has been taken forward by later researchers, and reviews current research issues which remain unexplored. The objective is to provide insights into the emergence of the research stream on product launch as well as inspiration for future researchers in the new product area. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 33-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1410771 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1410771 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:33-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seonjeong (Ally) Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seonjeong (Ally) Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Miyoung Jeong Author-X-Name-First: Miyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong Author-Name: Haemoon Oh Author-X-Name-First: Haemoon Author-X-Name-Last: Oh Title: Enhancing customers’ positive responses: Applying sensory marketing to the hotel website Abstract: Sensory marketing enables visualization of intangible services, helping to promote customers’ future hotel experiences. This study investigates how sensory information, brand relationships, and review types affect customers’ responses in the context of the hotel industry. Customers’ response types include narrative persuasion, experiential, emotional, and cognitive responses. Conducting two 2 × 2 scenario-based between-subjects experiments with previous hotel customers in the US, Study 1 confirms the effect of brand relationships on story-format sensory information that promote customers’ transportation experience, brand experience, and emotional responses. Study 2 also identifies effects of review types on story-format sensory information that enhance customers’ transportation experience, brand experience, and trust. Results inform theoretical contributions and practical implications to promote customers’ future experiences. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 68-85 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1410772 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1410772 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:68-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marylouise Caldwell Author-X-Name-First: Marylouise Author-X-Name-Last: Caldwell Author-Name: Paul Conrad Henry Author-X-Name-First: Paul Conrad Author-X-Name-Last: Henry Title: Deepening how cultural capital structures consumption of the performing arts Abstract: This paper deepens existing research that suggests cultural capital (CC), a status-laden resource linked to social class, associates with differences in consumption values, consumption portfolios (range of products consumed), and emic (consumers’ own) interpretations of performing arts. Our research context comprises attendance at the live and recorded performing arts in a large metropolitan city located in a Western country in which the dominant language is English. The research methods comprise long interviews with, and observations of, a sample of 36 performing arts patrons who had attended a classical music concert at least once: specifically, 18 low CC and 18 high CC. Analysis suggests several advances on previous research. Specific subsets of consumption values linked to CC in the prior literature, associate with LCC or HCC. These consumption values can be viewed as macro-values, which associate with numerous micro-values. Additional consumption values worthy of additional exploration emerged from data analysis. Consumption portfolios identified in prior research, are confirmed as associating with CC. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 52-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1410773 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1410773 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:52-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lawrence B. Chonko Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence B. Author-X-Name-Last: Chonko Author-Name: Shelby D. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: Shelby D. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: Reflections on ethical issues in marketing management: An empirical examination Abstract: This article provides some reflections on our paper, “Ethics in Marketing Management: An Empirical Examination,” originally published in the Journal of Business Research in 1985. We first offer some thoughts as to why our paper, and others from the same research stream, have been widely accepted by other scholars in the area of marketing ethics. We then offer some thoughts on research topics that researchers might consider as we attempt to further develop our knowledge in the area of marketing ethics. Finally, we provide some perspectives on how researchers can proceed in their research on ethical issues in marketing. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 86-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1410774 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1410774 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:86-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Keith B. Murray Author-X-Name-First: Keith B. Author-X-Name-Last: Murray Title: Why a hierarchy-of-effects model is still the best approach to managing and optimizing the impact of corporate social responsibility strategies Abstract: Since the early calls for the use of a hierarchy-of-effects approach to assessing and then strategically guiding corporate management in its oversight of CSR endeavors by the enterprise, research related to CSR effects overwhelming shows many favorable social exchanges between CSR firms and relevant stakeholders. Given the attractiveness of CSR payoffs to the firm – but recognizing the resource costs also associated with CSR decisions – a renewed case is manifest for how corporate governance can better understand and optimize CSR efforts, all to the betterment of both the organization and its key stakeholders. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 42-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1410775 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1410775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:42-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shelby D. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: Shelby D. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: The philosophy of science foundations of marketing research: For scientific realism and the inductive realist models of theory status and generation Abstract: All marketing research requires philosophy of science foundations. That is, every marketing research project presumes an ontology (what entities – the referents of the constructs – does the research assume to have real existence?), a methodology (what procedures are to be followed for good research?), and an epistemology (how are the knowledge claims of the research to be properly evaluated?). This article argues for scientific realism and the inductive realist models of theory status and generation as providing an appropriate philosophy of science foundation for marketing research. The article (1) explicates the nature of scientific realism, (2) discusses the advantages for marketing researchers of using it as a philosophical foundation, (3) points out three major problems associated with scientific realism, which are labeled the problems of “approximate truth,” “sociological/political factors,” and “theory development,” (4) reviews the inductive realist model of theory status and shows how it can address the first two problems, (5) reviews the inductive realist model of theory generation and shows how it can address the third problem, and (6) concludes with an invitation for readers to propose viable alternatives to scientific realism so that productive discussion on the philosophical foundations issue can take place. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-32 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1410776 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1410776 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:1-32 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seungmook Kang Author-X-Name-First: Seungmook Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Author-Name: Charles R. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Charles R. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: Technology driven experiences from mobile direct to virtual reality Abstract: The effects of direct and indirect product experiences have been examined in several studies. This study expanded a previous experience study on the effects of mobile direct experience that clarified the relationships between direct experience and perceived interactivity, attitude toward smartphone applications and purchase intention. The current study on technology-driven experiences was expanded to (1) types of experience (product experience vs. brand experience) and (2) various settings (direct experience, indirect experience and technology-driven experience). Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 96-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1420423 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1420423 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:1:p:96-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lianping Ren Author-X-Name-First: Lianping Author-X-Name-Last: Ren Author-Name: Po-Ju Chen Author-X-Name-First: Po-Ju Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Jinlin Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Jinlin Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Peilai Wang Author-X-Name-First: Peilai Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: The reverse model of repositioning: A case study of the Howard Johnson hotel chain in China Abstract: This study explores the repositioning of an international hotel brand, Howard Johnson China (HoJo China) and examines the decoding strategies and process the firm undertook to establish itself in that market. The study reports that HoJo China had gone through a reverse model of repositioning, starting with the repositioning decision, followed by customer response analysis, and competitor analysis. A persistent pursuit of service quality and effective management consolidated the repositioning of HoJo China. The study includes creating a causal map to analyze the success factors of the repositioning case of HoJo China. The discussion describes the influences of contextual factors. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 227-242 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1360144 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1360144 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:227-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Dubois Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Dubois Author-Name: Lars-Erik Gadde Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Gadde Title: “Systematic Combining”: An approach to case research Abstract: “Systematic combining” is a non-linear, non-positivistic, approach to case study research. The paper describes the central features of this research framing with regard to two basic processes: matching and direction/re-direction. These processes impact, and are affected by, two significant forms of interplay: theory vs. empirics, and the analytical framework vs. the evolving case. Major diversities in relation to the mainstream literature on case studies are discussed with regard to the perspective on the research process, the view of multiple and single case studies, the relevance of replication and generalization, and the role of the context. Moreover, three current challenges for qualitative research are identified. First, increasing methodological specialization and sophistication tend to disintegrate methodology from the important linkages to theory and research phenomenon. Second, mainstream requirements for replication and generalization lead to isolation of the research phenomenon from the empirical context, thus undermining the main advantage of the case study approach. Third, in order to improve the scientific recognition of qualitative case studies, researchers need to develop their abilities to convince readers about the relevance of their findings by providing better accounts for the research approach applied. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 258-269 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1360145 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1360145 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:258-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joel R. Evans Author-X-Name-First: Joel R. Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Title: A strategic approach to self-branding Abstract: Self-branding – which reflects how an individual wants to be perceived by employers, potential employers, clients, professional peers, and others in a way that will enhance their personal image – requires a careful, systematic, and adaptive strategy. To place self-branding in the proper context, we begin with the concept of branding as it relates to the sub-set of self-branding. We present an overview of brand management, brand longevity, global issues, and brand communications; and discussions of brand personality and positioning, brand equity, and corporate branding. Then, we investigate strategic self-branding, including: an overview of self-branding, the steps involved in self-branding, self-brand differentiation/positioning, mastering the self-brand, self-brand management and re-invention, and creating and sustaining an online self-brand. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 270-311 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1360146 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1360146 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:270-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Isabel Rodrigues Author-X-Name-First: Ana Isabel Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues Author-Name: Antónia Correia Author-X-Name-First: Antónia Author-X-Name-Last: Correia Author-Name: Metin Kozak Author-X-Name-First: Metin Author-X-Name-Last: Kozak Title: Combining visual and textual data for assessing destination image: Lake tourism example Abstract: Lake-destination areas are highly favoured places for tourists due to their aquatic environment as well as areas’ rich surrounding regions. Existing literature on marketing lake-destination marketing lacks insights to identify the main image attributes driving visitors and understanding the lake tourism concept. The present study examines textual and pictorial data to generate image variables about Alqueva Lake, Portugal, the largest manmade lake in Europe. Results provide insights to characterize the potential of lake-destinations and to develop a final list of variables specifically related to this destination type. The aim is also to help those involved in marketing the Alqueva Lake as a destination to identify and propose an adequate strategy. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 319-339 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1360147 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1360147 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:319-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Raquel Fernandes Author-X-Name-First: Ana Raquel Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes Title: Stories in the making: Celebrating people and places Abstract: The Tale of Thomas Burberry is a fascinating case study of film-induced tourism. Created to celebrate the life of Thomas Burberry, the founder of the Burberry brand, this short festive film also tells the story of several famous British heroes who lived during the first half of the twentieth century. Their lives transport spectators around the world. Ultimately, they serve as an incentive to travel tourism. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 312-318 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1360148 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1360148 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:312-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marcelo G. Oliveira Author-X-Name-First: Marcelo G. Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Author-Name: Maria do Carmo Leal Author-X-Name-First: Maria do Carmo Author-X-Name-Last: Leal Author-Name: Maria Isabel Roque Author-X-Name-First: Maria Isabel Author-X-Name-Last: Roque Author-Name: Maria João Forte Author-X-Name-First: Maria João Author-X-Name-Last: Forte Author-Name: Sara Rodrigues de Sousa Author-X-Name-First: Sara Rodrigues de Author-X-Name-Last: Sousa Author-Name: Antónia Correia Author-X-Name-First: Antónia Author-X-Name-Last: Correia Title: Cultural memories, discursive gaps, and tourism promotion: A framework for applied research Abstract: Recent studies about the relation between heritage and tourism have consistently signaled the existence of fractures between the cultural reality of tourism destinations and the cognitive and emotional experience of contemporary visitors. On the other hand, the study of the relations between tourism and literature and the recent valorization of storytelling in tourism promotion have both pointed out the importance of different types of discourses in the constitution of tourism spaces and the shaping of visitors’ expectations and experiences. When the desire for authenticity expressed by cultural tourists is also taken into account, the existence of inconsistencies between the cultural realities of destinations, existing discourses and the expectations and perceptions of tourists becomes apparent. Adapting, in an innovative approach, the Gap Model of Service Quality, this paper intends to present a research framework capable of enlightening existing cultural inconsistencies considering the discourses involved in the promotion and experience of tourism destinations. The framework will be applied in an exploratory investigation of the role of José Saramago’s Baltasar and Blimunda in the tourism promotion of Mafra and Lisbon, Portugal, with the aim of developing a conceptual model capable of describing inconsistencies in the promotion and experience of cultural destinations and facilitating the development of adequate mediation proposals. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 243-257 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2017.1360149 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2017.1360149 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:243-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Title: George P. Moschis tribute special issue: His philosophy and contributions Abstract: In this article, I first discuss Moschis’ contributions to marketing in three main areas of consumer behavior: consumer socialization, older consumer behavior, and life course research. Next, I present and comment on the basic characteristics of his work: multi-theoretical, programmatic, and collaborative. Finally, I briefly present the gist of the contribution that is made by each of the articles included in the first part of this two-part special issue that have as foundation his work in the area of life course research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 359-371 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613914 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613914 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:4:p:359-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George P. Moschis Author-X-Name-First: George P. Author-X-Name-Last: Moschis Title: Paths to successful academic research: A life course perspective Abstract: This article presents the factors that lead to effectual research, with emphasis on strategies that range from a broad philosophical perspective on how to approach academic research to choosing research ideas and developing streams of impactful research. It asserts that in order to achieve excellence, one’s emphasis on research goals, strategies, and tactics should also change over the course of his or her entire academic career. The article discusses efficient and effective ways to increase research output and publication probability, ranging from manuscript preparation and positioning to working with journal reviewers. The author uses research findings, anecdotal evidence, and illustrations from his academic career to support his views on strategies and tactics that are required of scholars to succeed. This article draws from his research monograph titled “Academic Research” that he has used in his doctoral research seminar and in seminars presented to faculties of several universities around the globe for more than 30 years (available at: www.econ.ihu.edu.gr/attachments/AcademicResearchMoschis.pdf). Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 372-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613906 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613906 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:4:p:372-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Author-Name: Hans Kasper Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Kasper Title: Application of the life course paradigm to the study of financial solvency and financial satisfaction in later life: A comparative study of American and Dutch elderly consumers Abstract: Although several authorities on personal finance have suggested the need for studying a person’s financial behaviour over his or her entire life course, their research efforts have been hampered by a lack of viable conceptual frameworks. The present study shows how researchers could employ the life course paradigm to study consumers’ financial behaviours. It illustrates how researchers could derive hypotheses from theories dictated by the life course paradigm to explain financial solvency and financial satisfaction in later life. These hypotheses are tested using samples of individuals more than 60 years of age from the United States (N = 191) and the Netherlands (N = 173). Findings suggest that the overall life course framework can be used to understand financial solvency and financial satisfaction in later life. Implications for theory and further research using the life course approach are also discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 409-422 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613903 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613903 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:4:p:409-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans Kasper Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Kasper Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Author-Name: Fon Sim Ong Author-X-Name-First: Fon Sim Author-X-Name-Last: Ong Author-Name: Randall Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Randall Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Preecha Yingwattanakul Author-X-Name-First: Preecha Author-X-Name-Last: Yingwattanakul Title: Contextual influences on financial preparedness of middle-aged workers: A four-country comparative life course study Abstract: In countries where pensions are not the main responsibility of employers or governments, workers need to plan for their own postretirement financial well-being. This study investigates the financial preparedness of middle-aged workers in the United States, the Netherlands, Thailand, and Malaysia. Within- and between-country differences of three variables – financial satisfaction, financial knowledge, and saving proneness – are examined as indicators of financial preparation and financial well-being. The life course paradigm provides the basis for the conceptual framework. In addition to structural factors unique to each of the four countries, the study considers the effects of contextual variables, including individual attributes, early-in-life socialization experiences, and variables that locate the person in social structures. The results of this exploratory study show how the impact of these variables on the three indicators of financial preparedness of middle-aged workers differs across the four countries. Socioeconomic status is the only variable that positively affects financial satisfaction in all four countries. The results also shed light on the value of the life course approach for understanding individual- and country-based differences in the levels of preparation for financial well-being in later life. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 423-439 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613909 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613909 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:4:p:423-439 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Benmoyal-Bouzaglo Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Benmoyal-Bouzaglo Author-Name: George P. Moschis Author-X-Name-First: George P. Author-X-Name-Last: Moschis Author-Name: Anil Mathur Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Mathur Title: Reckless financial behaviors: An exploratory life course study of French and American consumers Abstract: Achieving financial solvency has been viewed as a desirable life goal, because financial satisfaction promotes well-being. The vast majority of personal finance studies have attempted to understand the factors that promote saving and investment habits and skills, but studies that examine the factors that inhibit people’s abilities to achieve financial solvency are sparse. This paper reports the results of a study designed to understand the development of financial behaviors that are labelled as “reckless” because they undermine the person’s ability to achieve financial solvency. Because substantial evidence shows that personal finance habits begin to develop in early life and change throughout life, the present study uses the life course approach to examine the effects of select factors suggested by life course theory on the person’s propensity to exhibit financial behaviors that sabotage financial solvency at three stages in life. The influence of these factors is examined across three cohorts of US and French consumers using data collected from two online surveys. The findings of this exploratory study suggest the value of studying financial habits that impede financial solvency in time and context. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 440-456 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1613912 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1613912 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:4:p:440-456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heeseok Woo Author-X-Name-First: Heeseok Author-X-Name-Last: Woo Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Sang Jin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sang Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Huangzhang Wang Author-X-Name-First: Huangzhang Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Service innovations’ roles in long-term relationships with business customers Abstract: Service innovation is to introduce new service to customers and it helps to enter a new market. It gains the capability for sustainable growth and survive. This study tries to find out the role of service innovation in the B2B market. This study focuses on the service providers which adapt IT to their service and its customers. Technology is one of the primary resources of service science focusing on value propositions to the customer. The co-creation activities between the firm and customers allow making synergy. In this context, this study researches experience, personalization, and relationship as factors of value-in-use. A long-term orientation refers to considering not only current or the short term effects of partner but also both the past experience and future importance. Thus this study built a structural model to explore the role of service innovation in a long-term relationship with the business customer. In the research model, service innovation is hypothesized to affect value-in-use. Value-in-use is hypothesized to affect the long-term relationship. In general, the empirical results supported most of the hypotheses except the one upon the relationship between experience and long-term relationship. The study results show that service innovation (i.e. technology and co-creation) determines value-in-use (i.e. experience, personalize, and relationship) which influences the long-term relationship. The experience was found not to have any effect on the long-term relationship with the customer. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 457-469 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1657360 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1657360 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:4:p:457-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arch G. Woodside Author-X-Name-First: Arch G. Author-X-Name-Last: Woodside Title: Creating “flipping-the-classroom” cases in training in sensemaking and decision-making in marketing: A Special Issue Abstract: Though no one definition fully captures the proposal, “flipping-the-classroom” includes student/trainee creation of learning materials, “lesson plans”, and in-classroom administration, and/or coaching to fellow students/trainees of concepts, principles, procedures, tools, and interpretations of outcomes. This JGSMS special issue presents 11 flipping-the-classroom case studies. Most of these cases are creative writings by students. The cases include emic reports on interactions with service providers. Assigning and reading the cases may be useful for learning how to increase student joy-in-learning and deepening their skills in sensemaking and solving problems in customer–marketer interactions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 301-303 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207845 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:301-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brianna Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Brianna Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: Sonarsupermarkets and sci-fi Abstract: This customer goes into SonarSupermarkets for grocery shopping. The customer gets ignored by the cashier. The customer tries unsuccessfully to interrupt the cashier and bagboy’s conversation. The customer is unable to get a SonarSupermarkets card. The customer leaves feeling unsatisfied. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 304-306 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207846 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207846 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:304-306 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shannon Blair Author-X-Name-First: Shannon Author-X-Name-Last: Blair Title: Bad communication, bad service Abstract: A customer of VistaBanking (name disguised), who is their brand preference, loses their credit card and wants to cancel the card before any fraudulent activities take place. While calling the VistaBanking service number, the customer has troubles being able to understand the questions being asked so is then transferred to another representative for clearer communication. When transferred, more problems start to occur with not being able to cancel the credit card and the customer gets transferred to another part of the company. This then causes the customer to get very irritated and not get the help needed about the credit card they have lost. This arrangement is a negative trade talk highlighting the customer service to loyal customer communication relationship. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 307-310 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207847 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207847 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:307-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Bordeau Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Bordeau Title: GlobalEuropeAir Abstract: A customer booked airplane tickets and experienced cancellation of the flight by the company; she is now struggling to find another flight that corresponds to her expectations and needs for the same price. This story deals not only with the issues of communication a company can have toward its clients but also with the lack of flexibility to change the initial ticket. The case shows also how the service rep can lack alternatives to offer to customers in such circumstances. When an airline cancels a flight, customers are often disadvantaged. It is very difficult for a customer to find a similar ticket with the same price after such an inconvenience is caused by the airline. This story deals not only with the issues of communication a company can have toward its clients but also the lack of flexibility to change the initial ticket and the lack of options (propositions) the service representative can offer the customer. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 311-314 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207848 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207848 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:311-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Li-Hui (Lisa) Chang Author-X-Name-First: Li-Hui (Lisa) Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: Change of tour due to bad weather Abstract: Due to the bad weather, the tour guide had to change the itinerary of my visit to Zhejiang, China. The tour guide did find some other alternatives to fill the schedule, but I did not get the chance to visit some of the most well-known sites. What should the tour guide or travel agency do, if anything, in response to the tour experienced being less than the tour experiences advertised? Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 315-317 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207849 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207849 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:315-317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giulio Ronzoni Author-X-Name-First: Giulio Author-X-Name-Last: Ronzoni Title: Vacation experiences begin at home: A cruise line example Abstract: A cruise ship passenger is asked to complete a customer satisfaction survey a few days after returning home from her vacation. The passenger details a nightmarish ordeal concerning her departure day experiences and comments that while her experience on the ship met her expectations, the moments that stand out most in her mind are those of travelling to the ship and reaching her cabin for the first time. While she acknowledges that the cruise line was not directly responsible for most of her misery, she asks that the managers of the cruise line do what they can to mitigate these problems. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 318-321 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207850 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207850 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:318-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lauren Haberern Author-X-Name-First: Lauren Author-X-Name-Last: Haberern Title: Bad condo Abstract: A family arrives for a vacation at a two-bedroom condo in Killington, Vermont, USA. The condo is managed by the owner and resort. This situation requires a direct line of communication between the owner and resort staff to ensure that tasks are completed to the highest standard. The family arrives to a filthy condo and a broken water heater. What do the owner and resort do to fix the service failure? Month of Stay: January 2016. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 322-325 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207851 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207851 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:322-325 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Murray Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Murray Title: Can I please keep my number? Abstract: A wireless customer for Wonderphone breaks her phone and cancels her current contract using an online customer service chat room. She was falsely informed by the customer service representative that she would be able to keep her wireless phone number if she purchased a new phone. When she goes in-store to purchase a new phone the service rep informs her, “You are not allowed to keep the same phone number.” Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 326-328 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207852 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207852 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:326-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jesse Uzzel Author-X-Name-First: Jesse Author-X-Name-Last: Uzzel Title: Greatbanking: Fraudulent charges to customer accounts Abstract: A customer reports fraudulent charges on her checking account. Greatbanking offers to send a new card. After the new card has arrived more fraudulent charges occur. The bank tells the customer she should open a new account with them. The bank then refuses to cash a check for the customer with the new account. The customer requests this to be waived. The bank declines the request. The customer asks to close all her accounts. The bank replies there is a fee to close a new account. What should the firm do? Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 329-332 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207853 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207853 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:329-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeffrey T. Weinland Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey T. Author-X-Name-Last: Weinland Title: Out-of-season timeshare exchange Abstract: A high-season (premium) timeshare owner requesting her annual floating usage reservation at her home timeshare resort is seeking to reserve a time period that falls within the low season of ownership, in order to attend a family wedding. The reservation staff advises the high-season owner that the time period she requested does not correspond with the product that she purchased. The owner reports that she understands this fact and insists on being able to downgrade herself this year. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 333-336 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207854 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207854 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:333-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arch G. Woodside Author-X-Name-First: Arch G. Author-X-Name-Last: Woodside Title: AbsolutelyBest ham to Pocatello, Idaho, USA: Arrival delay in customer’s order Abstract: A customer goes online at a firm’s (AbsolutelyBest) website and orders a 9-lb ham to be delivered to their daughter’s home in Pocatello, Idaho, on 29 December. The customer pays extra for two-day delivery service. The ham fails to arrive on the 29 December due date. The customer asks for a credit on service not received. Bad weather hit most of the US on 28 December. What should the firm do? Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 337-340 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207855 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207855 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:337-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shih-Shuo Yeh Author-X-Name-First: Shih-Shuo Author-X-Name-Last: Yeh Title: Restaurant’s famous dish FTQ: Improperly prepared meal Abstract: The customer was dining at a famous local restaurant on New Year’s Eve 2015 with his family and family friends. One of the courses the restaurant serves, Buddha Jumps over the Wall or Fo Tiao Qiang, was not properly prepared. The customers’ party has already eaten some and now is complaining about it. What should the restaurant do? Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 341-343 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207856 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207856 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:341-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Call for Papers: special issue on Heuristics-in-use in Fashion Business and Consumption Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 344-347 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2016.1207938 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2016.1207938 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:26:y:2016:i:4:p:344-347 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aberdeen Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Aberdeen Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Author-Name: Deborah H. Lester Author-X-Name-First: Deborah H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lester Title: Sustainability by design: why firms and institutions do it Abstract: This special issue of the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science addresses the influence that sustainability efforts have on the marketing, sales, and social media facets of our society. Articles in this special issue focus on direct contributions that businesses and educational institutions employ in their sustainability efforts. Sustainability has enjoyed the accolades of becoming the driving energy toward prosperity among business professionals, government organizations and management consultants since the beginning of the millennium. The concept of sustainability has undergone a variety of renditions and held various monikers for over three decades, while politicians, corporations, and the general public debate the issues and solutions endlessly. Given the multitude of stakeholders, value is the primary question surrounding sustainability. What value will sustainability provide to the company, the government, and the individual? All principals have concerns about meeting this need for their constituents. Sustainability and the process of learning about sustainability involve applied learning. Accomplishing sustainability applied learning occurs by developing value for each of the markets and moving beyond recycle, reuse, and reduce toward re-programming, re-processing, re-thinking, and re-engineering as we offer in this special issue. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-6 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552533 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552533 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:1-6 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yvette Lynne Bonaparte Author-X-Name-First: Yvette Lynne Author-X-Name-Last: Bonaparte Title: Sustainable outcomes of an experiential learning project in a principles of marketing course Abstract: Experiential learning projects provide students with the opportunity to think critically about their own experiences in addition to testing and developing innovative ideas to solve problems. The view of many employers is that experiential learning projects may increase the student’s ability to make contributions early on as employees and that students that participate in such projects may obtain a higher level of business maturity. While there are challenges associated with implementing experiential learning projects within in Principle of Marketing courses, and these challenges may be used to support the view that experiential learning is most appropriate for upper-level marketing courses; incorporating such projects into introductory marketing courses can be valuable. The results of this study show that not only can comparable student outcomes be achieved based on traditional measures, such as tests and exams, but that experiential projects can provide students with the opportunity to engage in solving important problems facing organizations within their community. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 7-14 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1551726 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1551726 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:7-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Hutchins Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Hutchins Author-Name: Mona Sinha Author-X-Name-First: Mona Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha Author-Name: Shiva Nandan Author-X-Name-First: Shiva Author-X-Name-Last: Nandan Title: The sustainability route to corporate legitimacy Abstract: The world’s resources, especially nonrenewable ones, are depleting exponentially due to accelerated consumption. Environmental degradation, obesity, pollution, human rights violations, and poverty are often caused or exacerbated by companies themselves. Pushback from communities worldwide due to threats to ecosystems, environments, economies, and indeed the planet, has made it essential for individuals and groups to fundamentally change the way they function. Sustainability has become a necessary transformation for creating shared value, and companies are discovering that it is indeed possible to “do well by doing good”. However, not all companies have the ability and/or inclination to engage in sustainability initiatives, and the ones that do are all across the spectrum in terms of the efficacy and appropriateness of their programs. Indeed, many stakeholders question the depth and genuineness of the efforts which then raises doubts about the value of increasing investments in sustainability programs if companies’ efforts fail to be perceived as legitimate. This paper takes a stakeholder approach toward sustainability and introduces the concept of legitimacy as a measure of the degree to which companies are, in fact, dedicated to sustainability. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 15-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1551727 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1551727 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:15-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melek Meral Anitsal Author-X-Name-First: Melek Meral Author-X-Name-Last: Anitsal Author-Name: Ismet Anitsal Author-X-Name-First: Ismet Author-X-Name-Last: Anitsal Author-Name: Selin Anitsal Author-X-Name-First: Selin Author-X-Name-Last: Anitsal Title: Is your business sustainable? A sentiment analysis of air passengers of top 10 US-based airlines Abstract: The airline industry has become an inevitable part of the lives of American passengers. Along with that, dissatisfying flight experiences have always been associated with this industry since the beginning. This qualitative research explores flight experience-related moments of truth in the minds of airline passengers as reflected in their comments shared on social media, namely Skytrax. In particular, this study utilizes sentiment analysis techniques to discuss negative, neutral, and positive sentiments regarding the top 10 US-based airlines according to US Department of Transportation statistics. Findings point that airline service complaints were related mostly to failures in the core service such as connecting flights, flight attendants, checked bags, mechanical problems, in-flight entertainment on long distance flights, ground staff, and customer service. What created the highest level of positive sentiments were the flight attendants, flight crew, and ground crew. Avenues for future research were suggested along with managerial implications. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 25-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552532 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552532 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:25-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul J. Costanzo Author-X-Name-First: Paul J. Author-X-Name-Last: Costanzo Author-Name: Cynthia P. Costanzo Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia P. Author-X-Name-Last: Costanzo Title: Gender differences in marketer and non-marketer-dominated sources of sustainable health and wellness information Abstract: Concerns about how consumers respond to health care promotional information in the United States led the authors to conduct an exploratory study to investigate gender differences in the knowledge, and the level of importance of health and wellness issues. Seven marketer-dominated and three non-marketer-dominated sources of Health Care Information (HCI) were examined. Significant findings were found for three marketer-dominated and three non-marketer-dominated sources Health and Wellness Information. Additionally, significant differences were found between men and women’s ratings of the importance of childhood obesity, healthy nutrition, and the importance of regular exercise. The results on this study may be relevant to health care marketing professionals and for promotional planners developing sustainable health and wellness integrated marketing communication campaigns. This paper is a submission to the JGSMS Special Issue on Sustainability. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 42-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552531 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552531 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:42-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kei Aoki Author-X-Name-First: Kei Author-X-Name-Last: Aoki Author-Name: Efua Obeng Author-X-Name-First: Efua Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng Author-Name: Aberdeen Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Aberdeen Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Author-Name: Deborah H. Lester Author-X-Name-First: Deborah H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lester Title: Can brand experience increase customer contribution: How to create effective sustainable touchpoints with customers? Abstract: In the digital era, there are several consumer touchpoints and some of them, such as word of mouth, occur even if they are not intended by the firms. Conversation among customers has become one of the most influential sources of information on purchase decisions. Favorable discussions amplify the brand’s equity, but negative discussions can damage the brand. Although customers’ conversations can be uncontrollable, firms may be able to influence the direction of the conversation by providing overwhelming product performance and/or post-purchase experiences. In other words, by providing appropriate brand experiences, firms aspire to achieve co-creation of brand value with customers. In this research, through questionnaires, we explore how to create effective and sustainable touchpoints with customers and how to identify the relevance between brand experience and customers’ contributions to the brand. This study examines the following two key research questions: Which touchpoints increase brand experience? Does brand experience have a positive impact on customers’ contributions? Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 51-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1551728 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1551728 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:51-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diane R. Edmondson Author-X-Name-First: Diane R. Author-X-Name-Last: Edmondson Author-Name: Lucy M. Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Lucy M. Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Author-Name: Cheryl B. Ward Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl B. Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Title: An exploratory study of retail sales employees’ service sabotage: Examining the impact of emotional exhaustion and organizational support Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how emotional exhaustion may increase the likelihood of a retail salesperson’s usage of service sabotage. This paper also investigates how perceived organizational support alleviates a retail salesperson’s emotional exhaustion and service sabotage. Two hundred sixteen non-management sales employees across a variety of retail organizations were sampled. Results found that emotional exhaustion positively impacts service sabotage. In addition, emotional exhaustion partially mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support and service sabotage. These findings have important implications for service providers. In order for a retail organization to be sustainable, employers need to look for and seek to minimize signs of emotional exhaustion in their employees. In addition, employers need to make employees aware of the support provided by the organization that may help to reduce service sabotage. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 63-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552529 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552529 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:63-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elizabeth C. Alexander Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth C. Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander Author-Name: Deanna R. D. Mader Author-X-Name-First: Deanna R. D. Author-X-Name-Last: Mader Author-Name: Fred H. Mader Author-X-Name-First: Fred H. Author-X-Name-Last: Mader Title: Using social media during the hiring process: A comparison between recruiters and job seekers Abstract: A large majority of organizations and those seeking employment maintain at least one, if not several, social media pages; consequently, social media is being used more frequently in the job search and employee recruiting processes. The use of social media as a source of information may become increasingly important as recruiters, and job seekers alike, learn how to effectively use social media in the search process, leading to sustainable hiring practices. This study evaluates the difference in recruiters and job seeker’s rating of social media activities, content type, and usefulness. In most cases, significant differences were found between recruiters and job seekers. In general, recruiters rated questionable social media more negatively and job seekers were less positive in regards to content that might be beneficial to the job search, revealing a disconnect between the two groups. This disconnect could have an impact on job seekers finding employment and organizations finding qualified, acceptable employees. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 78-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552530 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552530 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:78-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Scott A. Inks Author-X-Name-First: Scott A. Author-X-Name-Last: Inks Author-Name: Ramon A. Avila Author-X-Name-First: Ramon A. Author-X-Name-Last: Avila Author-Name: George Talbert Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Talbert Title: The evolution of the sales process: Relationship selling versus “the Challenger Sale” Abstract: Introduced in 2012, the Challenger Sale has become one of the most talked about approaches to selling since SPIN Selling was introduced in the 1980s. In particular, the authors of the Challenger Sale generated substantial controversy when they presented findings that seemed to conclude relationship selling is relatively ineffective. This paper presents a brief review of various approaches to selling (including the Challenger Sale) along with criticisms of the Challenger approach. The paper also compares and contrasts Relationship selling with the Challenger approach and offers recommendations for sales educators and trainers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 88-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552527 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552527 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:88-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David J. Burns Author-X-Name-First: David J. Author-X-Name-Last: Burns Author-Name: Pola B. Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Pola B. Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Jennifer Hutchins Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Hutchins Title: Showrooming: the effect of gender Abstract: Showrooming, or shopping in bricks-and-mortar stores and receiving their services without payment, but purchasing from a lower-priced online retailer, can be detrimental to the survival of bricks-and-mortar stores. This study examines how the gender of young adult consumers with differing shopping orientations view showrooming. The results suggest that showrooming is not just a male or a female phenomenon among young adults. The findings suggest, however, that bricks-and-mortar retailers may possibly be better able to dissuade female consumers from engaging in some showrooming activity more easily than males. On the other hand, online retailers may find it easier to prompt male consumers into showrooming activity than females. Although shopping orientations have been shown to affect individuals’ propensities to engage in showrooming activity and the perceived ethicality of doing so, there appears to be no difference by gender. The results suggest that gender has relatively little effect in consumers’ showrooming activity. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 99-113 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1551725 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1551725 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:99-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William T. Neese Author-X-Name-First: William T. Author-X-Name-Last: Neese Author-Name: William Foxx Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Foxx Author-Name: Dianne B. Eppler Author-X-Name-First: Dianne B. Author-X-Name-Last: Eppler Title: The effectiveness of comparative advertising in the US automobile market influenced by consumer ethnocentrism, industry-specific personal characteristics, and foreign versus domestic brand ownership Abstract: Comparative advertising is a common promotional tactic used by automobile marketers in the USA for many decades. Comparative advertising either directly mentions a competing brand by name in a comparison favorable to the sponsor of that advertisement, or indirectly implies a competing brand by referring to the competitive group of brands without naming one in particular. Much like comparative advertising, consumer ethnocentrism is inherently adversarial because ethnocentric consumers consider domestic products superior to competing brands produced in another country. Consumer ethnocentrism materializes in the form of cognitive, affective, and conative personal characteristics that can influence purchase decisions. It also represents a consumer’s concern about the economic well-being of his or her fellow citizens. Comparative advertising can exert a significant influence on the formation of ethnocentric responses at the moment of exposure to the ad content. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of direct and indirect comparative advertising featuring domestic versus foreign automobile brands among US consumers when the influence of consumer ethnocentrism, personal characteristics that connect respondents to the US automobile industry, and foreign versus domestic automobile brand ownership are simultaneously considered in a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) model. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 114-128 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1552528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1552528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:114-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Judith Billups Author-X-Name-First: M. Judith Author-X-Name-Last: Billups Author-Name: Paula T. Morris Author-X-Name-First: Paula T. Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Title: Pedagogical strategy to improve qualification alignment of students to the demands of potential employers Abstract: Bridging the gap between skills potential employers are seeking and skills graduates possess is relevant to Marketing Educators as they constantly search for strategies to improve the professional preparation they provide their undergraduate students. This research addresses this gap by providing one pedagogical strategy for use by educators. Researchers and Practitioners alike can benefit from and build on this research by continuing to search for and study additional strategies that may continue to bridge and eventually close the gap between skills sought and those possessed by students. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 129-137 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1565414 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1565414 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:129-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Myles Bassell Author-X-Name-First: Myles Author-X-Name-Last: Bassell Author-Name: Sonia Lambert Author-X-Name-First: Sonia Author-X-Name-Last: Lambert Author-Name: Hershey H. Friedman Author-X-Name-First: Hershey H. Author-X-Name-Last: Friedman Title: Attitudes and opinions regarding leadership qualities of marketing executives: A quantitative analysis Abstract: In this research study, students at a large urban university completed our questionnaire regarding leadership. The student’s opinions regarding leadership qualities are consistent with our literature review. Marketing leaders need to be creative, global thinkers, with integrity who can create innovative learning organizations, encourage diversity, and ensure employees are engaged in meaningful work that achieves sustainability and results in a competitive advantage. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 138-150 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1555440 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1555440 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:138-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Maria Soares Author-X-Name-First: Ana Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Soares Title: Revisiting cultures’ consequences in international marketing studies Abstract: This commentary revisits Hofstede’s “dimensions of culture in international marketing studies” paper on approaches to conceptualizing and operationalizing culture in marketing studies. Selected key questions in conducting cross-cultural studies are discussed in light of some of the recent contributions and developments in cross-cultural assessment. The study here argues that emic rather than etic studies may contribute for a more balanced view of culture and cultural influence. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 214-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1434807 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1434807 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:214-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hee Kyung Nho Author-X-Name-First: Hee Kyung Author-X-Name-Last: Nho Author-Name: Souphinh Vongphachanh Author-X-Name-First: Souphinh Author-X-Name-Last: Vongphachanh Author-Name: SangHee Cho Author-X-Name-First: SangHee Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Title: The effect of servicescape of exhibition and convention facilities in Korea and China on service orientation, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment Abstract: This study analyzes the effect of the servicescape components of exhibition and convention facilities on the service orientation, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of employees in Korea and China. First, the results show that air-conditioned environment, functionality, and space accessibility have a significant effect on the relationship between servicescape and service orientation. However, esthetic impression and safety have no significant effect. Second, service orientation has a significant effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but job satisfaction has no significant effect on organizational commitment. Third, when comparing Korea and China, the air-conditioned environment was controlled only on the Chinese side, but not estheticism. Functionality, safety, and space accessibility have a moderate effect only on the Korean side. In addition, the relationship between service orientation, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment shows moderate effects in both Korea and China, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment did not show any control effect. The study results suggest some servicescape factors that should be complemented to improve the service orientation of employees in exhibition and convention facilities in Korea and China. Furthermore, the results confirm that service orientation relates to job satisfaction and organizational commitment in both Korea and China. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 182-196 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1436978 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1436978 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:182-196 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sung-Joon Yoon Author-X-Name-First: Sung-Joon Author-X-Name-Last: Yoon Title: Social-cultural-psychological perspectives on future word-of-mouth research Abstract: What causes people to create and share WOM (word of mouth)? Many of the previous studies have tried to find answers from message sources (i.e. friends acquaintances or others), communication channel (media mix and social media), and message traits (i.e. credibility, correctness, and referability), to name a few. In particular, previous studies on WOM in marketing context derive much of its thrust from social communication among people who have previously experienced noteworthy events or activities. Previous researchers have also recognized the critical role of WOM in consumers’ purchase decision or product choices. However, the past literature is relatively scant in areas of individual consumer’s sociocultural and psychological conditions that dictate how consumers collect, create, and disseminate information through WOM. Thus, in this review article, we introduce some of the major findings on four areas: prior experiences, social network, cultural influence, and social capital, and provide some critical insights on future research directions. Finally, this essay provides insights for future research based on recent theoretical developments centering on consumers’ motives as principal drivers of WOM. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 166-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1436979 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1436979 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:166-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Maria Correia Author-X-Name-Last: Loureiro Author-Name: Dong-Mo Koo Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Mo Author-X-Name-Last: Koo Title: Following up the article “Effects of atmospherics on emotions and intention with respect to involvement in different shopping environments” by Loureiro, Koo, and Ribeiro Abstract: The present article aims to present the follow-up of the article published in the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science entitled: Effects of atmospherics on emotions and intention with respect to involvement in different shopping environments. The article develops the inter-connection between the mentioned article and other articles published in the field. Finally, the current article provides new insights about the new research published employing the S-O-R framework. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 208-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1436980 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1436980 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:208-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Joseph Sirgy Author-X-Name-First: M. Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Sirgy Title: Self-congruity theory in consumer behavior: A little history Abstract: I revisit my Journal of Business Research (JBR) article published in 1985 that has garnered many citations. As such, I discuss the concept of self-congruity and the stream of research that the JBR article has spurred over the last 32 + years. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 197-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1436981 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1436981 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:197-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Social dimension of sustainability: From community to social capital Abstract: The current study focuses on the social dimension of sustainability related to social capital. Sustainable marketing practices address a set of marketing activities that build a net positive contribution to society, which are evaluated by their successful financial, environmental and social performance. The social dimension of sustainability highlights firms’ influence on society and societal issues such as community relations, charities, and social support. Social capital involves an immaterial power to bind society as one by converting individuals into community members with shared interests, shared social relation assumptions, and a shared common sense. A central element of linking social capital beyond the community can be the capability to leverage institutional resources, ideas, and information. Information sharing, coordination of activities, and collective decision-making can be the beneficial roles of social capital. The study clarified the concept of the social dimension of sustainability related to social capital and offered the future research direction. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 175-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1436982 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1436982 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:175-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesca Checchinato Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Checchinato Author-Name: Marta Disegna Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Disegna Author-Name: Tiziano Vescovi Author-X-Name-First: Tiziano Author-X-Name-Last: Vescovi Title: The challenge of publishing research about a never-ending subject for marketing scholars: The country of origin Abstract: The country of origin (COO) represents one of the main topics in the marketing literature and a large body of knowledge about it has already been published. This commentary essay tries to explain why it seems to be a never-ending subject for marketing scholars and the reason why the paper we published in this Journal few years ago contributed to the literature and has achieved the Google i-10 high citation-impact ranking. Analysing the effect of COO on a specific factor such as brand associations, the use of a methodology that cope with the critics of some scholars about the overstressed of COO in the past research, and the selection of an emerging market – the Chinese one – as country in which testing the COO have helped our paper to be cited. Based on these elements, some future research topics are also suggested. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 160-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1437356 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1437356 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:160-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Scott Armstrong Author-X-Name-First: J. Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong Author-Name: Kesten C. Green Author-X-Name-First: Kesten C. Author-X-Name-Last: Green Title: Forecasting methods and principles: Evidence-based checklists Abstract: ProblemHow to help practitioners, academics, and decision makers use experimental research findings to substantially reduce forecast errors for all types of forecasting problems.MethodsFindings from our review of forecasting experiments were used to identify methods and principles that lead to accurate forecasts. Cited authors were contacted to verify that summaries of their research were correct. Checklists to help forecasters and their clients undertake and commission studies that adhere to principles and use valid methods were developed. Leading researchers were asked to identify errors of omission or commission in the analyses and summaries of research findings.FindingsForecast accuracy can be improved by using one of 15 relatively simple evidence-based forecasting methods. One of those methods, knowledge models, provides substantial improvements in accuracy when causal knowledge is good. On the other hand, data models – developed using multiple regression, data mining, neural nets, and “big data analytics” – are unsuited for forecasting.OriginalityThree new checklists for choosing validated methods, developing knowledge models, and assessing uncertainty are presented. A fourth checklist, based on the Golden Rule of Forecasting, was improved.UsefulnessCombining forecasts within individual methods and across different methods can reduce forecast errors by as much as 50%. Forecasts errors from currently used methods can be reduced by increasing their compliance with the principles of conservatism (Golden Rule of Forecasting) and simplicity (Occam’s Razor). Clients and other interested parties can use the checklists to determine whether forecasts were derived using evidence-based procedures and can, therefore, be trusted for making decisions. Scientists can use the checklists to devise tests of the predictive validity of their findings. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 103-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1441735 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1441735 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:2:p:103-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: ebi1-ebi3 Issue: 4 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2012.731267 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2012.731267 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:22:y:2012:i:4:p:ebi1-ebi3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaun McQuitty Author-X-Name-First: Shaun Author-X-Name-Last: McQuitty Title: Reflections on “Statistical Power and Structural Equation Models in Business Research” Abstract: This article reflects on McQuitty’s 2004 paper, which describes the importance of statistical power for hypothesis testing and, more specifically, the evaluation of structural equation models (SEMs). McQuitty also explains the use of what was at the time a new method developed by MacCallum, Browne, and Sugawara for estimating the power associated with the RMSEA fit statistic, and then applies the method to SEMs used in marketing journals. A sizeable portion of the published models had too little power to reject false models (a Type II error) or too much power, which leads to the over rejection of correct models (a Type I error). A brief discussion of the impact of McQuitty and ongoing research of power for SEMs follows. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 272-277 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1434806 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1434806 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:272-277 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eileen Bridges Author-X-Name-First: Eileen Author-X-Name-Last: Bridges Title: Hedonic and utilitarian shopping goals: a decade later Abstract: I am pleased to be invited to share some thoughts about my article on the topic of hedonic and utilitarian shopping goals, which was co-authored by Renée Florsheim and published in the Journal of Business Research in 2008. Our article is among the most-cited ever to appear in the Journal of Business Research (JBR), which is quite an honor for us as authors as well as a strong statement about the importance of the topic. What I have done in this invited article is to begin by describing the process by which we developed our ideas, then briefly revisit our key findings, and discuss in some detail the directions that have been taken by later researchers citing our seminal work. Finally, I conclude with ideas on some of the factors that influence how a paper becomes widely cited and suggest areas of further research that could build upon this work. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 282-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1439398 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1439398 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:282-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Mol Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Mol Title: Reflections on “the sources of management innovation” Mol & Birkinshaw, 2009 Abstract: In this retrospective, I consider what has driven interest in a previously published article, in relation to more recent developments in the literature on management innovation, the creation, and implementation of new management practices. I suggest that this form of innovation had previously not received enough attention and that the first-time use of both the Community Innovation Survey, as a data source, and the behavioral theory of the firm, to theoretically underpin our understanding of management innovation, created further interest in this work. I then put forward two important recent developments. First, there have been attempts to bridge innovation processes in management practices with processes of diffusion of management practices. Second, a wider variety of research methods have come into play to study management innovations. I conclude there is substantial room for further work in this exciting area, for instance by looking at management innovation in emerging markets. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 278-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1449662 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1449662 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:278-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Irimiás Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Irimiás Author-Name: Ariel Mitev Author-X-Name-First: Ariel Author-X-Name-Last: Mitev Author-Name: Gábor Michalkó Author-X-Name-First: Gábor Author-X-Name-Last: Michalkó Title: Voices of the Fisher King: Narratives of older travellers’ religious journeys Abstract: Older adults in countries with a relatively high standard of living are regarded as a highly influential consumer segment. However, the economically disadvantaged, invalids and lone travelers all face a variety of external and internal barriers to travel and social interaction. By contrast, “quest archetype” journeys, such as religious tourism and pilgrimages, provide opportunities for companionship, whilst also helping to alleviate an individual’s negative perceptions of ageing and later life. The main objectives of the research were to explore how older adults report their archetypal experiences and how they are perceived by the young. The generic purposive sampling comprised 345 Hungarian respondents. In the multi-generational sample, in-depth interviews were carried out with the youngest (23%) and the oldest (21%) age groups to explore the different perceptions of ageing. Narrative segments were analyzed within the framework of one particular archetypal quest, the legend of the Holy Grail. The study here attempts advances knowledge of the best approaches to assessing those travel narratives which employ archetypal legends. At the same time, service providers in the field of religious tourism can also benefit from the results in their management of holy sites with the needs and wishes of the older generation in mind. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 221-238 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1452164 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1452164 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:221-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Cleveland Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Cleveland Title: Acculturation to the global consumer culture: Ten years after and agenda for the next decade Abstract: Globalization is shaping culture, modifying value systems, affecting social identities, and ultimately, altering the dispositions and behaviors of consumers worldwide. With more than 400 citations to date, Cleveland and Laroche’s (2007) publication, which applied social identity and acculturation theories to the study of global consumer culture (GCC), is recognized as one of the defining works on the subject of marketplace globalization. Beyond the theoretical contributions, this research provided, for the first time, a multidimensional scale for measuring how individuals acquire and become a part of the emerging GCC (acculturation to the GCC, or AGCC). This paper (1) reviews the debates surrounding the effects of globalization on consumer behavior, (2) summarizes the extant applications of the AGCC framework and its constituents across numerous settings, and (3) outlines an agenda for future research on GCC. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 257-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1466656 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1466656 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:257-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roderick J. Brodie Author-X-Name-First: Roderick J. Author-X-Name-Last: Brodie Author-Name: Biljana Juric Author-X-Name-First: Biljana Author-X-Name-Last: Juric Title: Customer engagement: Developing an innovative research that has scholarly impact Abstract: This essay outlines the development of a stream of research about customer engagement that is having a substantial scholarly impact. We explore the conditions to achieve this success which includes the critical role of the theorizing process. The theorizing process is the core to crafting two seminal contributions. Implications for achieving innovative research that has a scholarly impact concludes the essay. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 291-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1466657 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1466657 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:291-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jean-Charles Chebat Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Chebat Title: Consumers’ inferences: Self-deception and self-efficacy Abstract: The article reviews the inference-based processes consumers employ to choose from products and services offered in stores, under the constraints of both limited cognitive efforts and limited time. The author contends that these processes bring about both self-deception and self-efficacy. On the one hand, the simplified cognitive processes lead to suboptimal decisions. On the other hand, they allow consumers to make “satisficing” decisions in the sense of Simon (1956, 1990) which comforts them in making these a cognitive part of the shopping routine. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 248-256 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1466658 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1466658 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:248-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Russell Belk Author-X-Name-First: Russell Author-X-Name-Last: Belk Author-Name: Maria Kniazeva Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Kniazeva Title: Morphing anthropomorphism: An update Abstract: This is an update of a 2010 paper we published on anthropomorphic consumer perception of brands and marketer attempts to humanize brands through packaging. Since that time a great deal of academic and business attention to the topic of anthropomorphism has resulted in the related work on brand mascots, brand personality, marketplace mythologies, and anthropomorphism in product design and advertising. In addition, new arenas of anthropomorphism have emerged with developments in projective research methods, digital avatars, robot design, digital self-presentation, and conversational digital assistants like Amazon’s Alexa and Apple’s Siri. Such novel directions have prompted new research questions and further studies. This paper offers a brief update of the evolving issues in the co-creation of anthropomorphic objects and brand interpretations by consumers, designers, roboticists, engineers, and marketers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 239-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1466659 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1466659 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:239-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John W. Pracejus Author-X-Name-First: John W. Author-X-Name-Last: Pracejus Author-Name: Qian (Claire) Deng Author-X-Name-First: Qian (Claire) Author-X-Name-Last: Deng Author-Name: G. Douglas Olsen Author-X-Name-First: G. Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Olsen Author-Name: Paul R. Messinger Author-X-Name-First: Paul R. Author-X-Name-Last: Messinger Title: Fit in cause-related marketing: An integrative retrospective Abstract: Thirteen years ago, “The role of brand-cause fit in the effectiveness of cause-related marketing campaigns” was published in the Journal of Business Research. Since then it has been cited over 400 times according to Google Scholar, making it among the top 100 most cited articles published by that journal. The paper’s contribution and impact may be explained by the fact that it demonstrated for the first time that fit in cause-related marketing can impact choice. In addition, the paper used a methodology (choice conjoint) that was, at the time, somewhat novel in the consumer research context. As a result, the paper not only demonstrated the importance of brand-cause fit in CRM, it also demonstrated how choice conjoint could be used to estimate dollar metric values for cause marketing and fit using the stated preferences of individuals making multiple hypothetical choices. Interestingly, these estimates of the dollar value of CRM were lower than the (somewhat high) donation amounts used. This essay attempts to (1) provide background into how the studies came about, (2) give insight into what the paper accomplished (i.e. why it achieved such high impact), (3) describe the subsequent developments in the field of fit in cause marketing by exploring a subset of the 400+ papers which have cited the original work, (4) discuss the managerial implications, and (5) discuss open research questions in this interesting area. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 105-114 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1509365 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1509365 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:105-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David W. Pan Author-X-Name-First: David W. Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Author-Name: Alan J. Pan Author-X-Name-First: Alan J. Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Author-Name: Berna Mutlu Author-X-Name-First: Berna Author-X-Name-Last: Mutlu Author-Name: David Rylander Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Rylander Title: Preventing brand name blunders in doing business across cultures: Theory and research Abstract: This paper contributes to international business literature by integrating firms’ product competition, consumers’ brand congruence, and contextual enculturation into one framework of analysis. The authors propose and empirically demonstrate how the effectiveness of international branding strategy can be scaled by ethnolinguistic (in)consistency (EL(i)C). The study compares domestic vs. foreign brand assessments on the connection of product-brand fit and brand relevance congruence with their respective ethnolinguistic context in two dissimilar cultures in Asia. The findings offer practical implications for international business managerial actions. This study provides evidence that brand value starts from a firm’s offering, is co-created through consumers’ congruence process, and is enhanced by enculturation conformance or diminished by non-conformance within a given context of market culture. The empirical evidence of this study supports our proposition that the “enculturation determinant logic” per context be integrated with “competitive advantage” logic of firms and “service dominant logic” of market. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 115-146 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1622435 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1622435 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:115-146 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tajamul Islam Author-X-Name-First: Tajamul Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Uma Chandrasekaran Author-X-Name-First: Uma Author-X-Name-Last: Chandrasekaran Title: Religiosity and consumer decision making styles of young Indian Muslim consumers Abstract: Religion as a sub-culture is an important part of the socio-cultural environment of consumers and marketers. Notwithstanding the age of reason and rationality, religion has sustained its presence in contemporary societies and there are little prospects of it being completely expunged in the foreseeable future. The effects of religious affiliation and religious commitment (religiosity) on various aspects of consumer behavior have been reported. We attempt to contribute to the limited academic literature in the field of religion and consumer research, more so in the Indian Muslim context. Specifically, the applicability of Sproles & Kendall’s Consumer Style Inventory (CSI) is examined in the context of young Muslim consumers in India. In addition to that, the study also explores the influence of religiosity on consumer decision-making styles of young Indian Muslim consumers measured using the Consumer Style Inventory. Data has been collected from 487 respondents drawn from three states of India. Exploratory factor analysis followed by confirmatory factor analysis revealed six major decision-making styles. The findings also reveal that religiosity has a significant influence on four of the six identified decision-making styles. The study limitations and implications are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 147-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1679031 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1679031 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:147-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jingyi Duan Author-X-Name-First: Jingyi Author-X-Name-Last: Duan Title: Materialism and purchase-evoked happiness: A moderated mediation model of purchase type and purchase’s impact on self Abstract: Although it is suggested that materialism value leads to more purchase-evoked happiness, limited research has investigated the underlying mechanism of the relationship. The purpose of the paper is to fill the research gap, demonstrating how materialism increases purchase-evoked happiness. Two surveys with a student sample (n = 112) and an Amazon Mechanical Turk sample (n = 207) were conducted. Bootstrapping analysis was used to examine the data. The findings identify the mediating role of purchase’s impact on self plays between materialism and purchase-evoked happiness, and reveal that purchase type (material vs. experiential purchase) moderates the mediation. For material purchases, higher-materialism value leads to more perceived impact of the purchases on self, which in turn, results in more purchase-evoked happiness. For experiential purchases, there is no such mediation effect of the purchases’ impact on self between materialism and purchase-evoked happiness. This paper is the first research providing empirical support for materialists’ belief that material possessions influence them personally and identifying the mechanism under which materialism increases purchase-evoked happiness. It expands the research on materialism and purchase type by showing that materialism as a personal value interplays with purchase type in influencing how happiness is obtained from purchases. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 170-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2019.1700150 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2019.1700150 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:170-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jay Trivedi Author-X-Name-First: Jay Author-X-Name-Last: Trivedi Title: Effect of corporate image of the sponsor on brand love and purchase intentions: The moderating role of sports involvement Abstract: Indians adore cricket and tend to establish an immediate connection with the brands that associate with it. Of late, well-known brands have taken the road less traveled and sponsored non-cricketing sports (sports other than cricket) leagues in India. This paper focuses on non-cricketing sports sponsorships and explores the influence of the corporate image of the sponsor on brand love, which is further hypothesized to influence purchase intentions for the sponsor’s products. The study further examines the moderating role of sports involvement between corporate image and brand love. The moderating role of sports involvement between brand love and purchase intentions is also studied. The mediating role played by brand love between corporate image, and purchase intentions is tested. A structured questionnaire was administered to 638 respondents who followed non-cricketing sports leagues. The results established that corporate image is positively associated with brand love, which further leads to purchase intentions. Sports involvement strengthened both these relationships. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 188-209 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1717978 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1717978 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:188-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jungin Choi Author-X-Name-First: Jungin Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Author-Name: Yoon Hi Sung Author-X-Name-First: Yoon Hi Author-X-Name-Last: Sung Author-Name: Chang-Hoan Cho Author-X-Name-First: Chang-Hoan Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Title: Public or private products? The impact of cause-related marketing and product conspicuity on consumer response on social networking sites Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of cause-related marketing (CRM) and product conspicuity on social networking sites (SNSs). In addition, the moderating roles of self-monitoring were investigated. A 2 (CRM message: presence vs. absence) × 2 (Product type: conspicuous vs. inconspicuous) experimental design was employed. Results showed that CRM messages led to more favorable responses than non-CRM messages in the context of SNSs. In addition, the more conspicuous a product, the more effective a CRM message was. The moderating effect of self-monitoring was found in term of attitude toward the ad. Implications and future research were discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 337-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1509363 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1509363 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:4:p:337-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elisa Alén Author-X-Name-First: Elisa Author-X-Name-Last: Alén Title: Reflections on “assessing tourist behavioral intentions through perceived service quality and customer satisfaction” Abstract: The paper published in 2007 develops a model that increases understanding of the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction and treats behavioral intentions as an outcome of both constructs. The proposed model identifies some appropriate measures for these constructs using a questionnaire distributed to consumers visiting spa resorts. This commentary essay addresses the theoretical contributions it made and points out empirical limitations and meaningful extensions of the study. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 358-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1509364 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1509364 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:4:p:358-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rehenuma Rahman Author-X-Name-First: Rehenuma Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman Title: Building brand awareness: The role of celebrity endorsement in advertisements Abstract: Advertisers believe that celebrity endorsement is a competent marketing tool for building brand awareness. Based on Elaboration Likelihood Model, this research aims at exploring how celebrity endorsement in advertisement creates brand awareness. A qualitative in-depth interview is conducted among 30 Bangladeshi respondents on 4 selected TV advertisements to determine consumers’ responses toward the particular attributes of a celebrity that enhances brand awareness and supporting elements that accelerates celebrity endorsement in developing brand awareness. Thematic analysis and Fuzzy set Qualitative comparative analysis have been employed for analyzing data. Findings indicate global celebrities who have likeability, popularity in the target market, personality, positive image, capability to add some value to the brand can enhance brand awareness. Other supporting elements, i.e. viewers positive attitude toward celebrity, clear information and ad message also contributes to make celebrity endorsement effective. Extensive discussion and recommendations for additional research are provided. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 363-384 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1509366 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1509366 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:4:p:363-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bomi Kang Author-X-Name-First: Bomi Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Author-Name: L. Taylor Damonte Author-X-Name-First: L. Taylor Author-X-Name-Last: Damonte Author-Name: Young-Jae Kim Author-X-Name-First: Young-Jae Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Eun-Joo Cha Author-X-Name-First: Eun-Joo Author-X-Name-Last: Cha Title: Assessing destination image via social network analysis: the case of the “Coastal Uncorked Wine and Food Festival” Abstract: Using social network analysis (SNA), this case study examines the image of a unique festival in a well-established tourist destination on the East coast of the United State of America, the Myrtle Beach area of South Carolina. SNA emphasizes the importance of constructing interconnectedness among concepts and knowledge networks in respondents’ minds. The technique visualizes complicated perception of tourists in a most simple but scientific way. Using concept maps and degree centralities derived from SNA, as well as dendrograms, this study provides insights on wine and food festival in Myrtle Beach Area. Together with cluster analysis, the SNA suggests unique contributions to the understanding of tourist behaviour in tourism destination research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 320-336 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1511379 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1511379 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:4:p:320-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mann Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Mann Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Nikhilesh Dholakia Author-X-Name-First: Nikhilesh Author-X-Name-Last: Dholakia Title: Conceptual framing of virtuality and virtual consumption research Abstract: As virtual worlds and virtual consumption have evolved, so have the schools of thought on virtuality. Most prior literature on virtuality and virtual consumption has focused on the perspective of virtuality as “place”. More recently, researchers have examined virtuality and virtual consumption from the perspective of virtuality as practice or process. Rarely, however, both perspectives have been considered concurrently. This paper first provides a comprehensive overview of the different perspectives of the virtuality, followed by discussion of such theoretical perspectives in the context of studies of virtual consumption, identity, and social relationships. The last section proposes an integrated conceptual frame for study of virtual consumption: (1) the disjuncture and convergence between two places – virtual world versus real world; (2) the practices in which consumers manage to maintain and cross the cultural boundary of virtual world and real world via virtual consumption, and (3) the marketing efforts and process that develop around those places and practices. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 305-319 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2018.1513338 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2018.1513338 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:28:y:2018:i:4:p:305-319 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aberdeen Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Aberdeen Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Author-Name: Deborah H. Lester Author-X-Name-First: Deborah H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lester Title: Sustainability challenges in marketing, sales, and other business practices: Introduction to a Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science special issue Abstract: This introduction reviews some of the sustaining insights in marketing, sales, and other business practices during the unprecedented world pandemic of 2020. We take a look at sustainability in academia as well. A brief summary of each of the articles that follow appears. This article extends a note of appreciation to members of the editorial board and production staff for this special issue and to Arch Woodside, editor in chief. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 211-228 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1778916 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1778916 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:211-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy M. Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Lucy M. Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Author-Name: Diane R. Edmondson Author-X-Name-First: Diane R. Author-X-Name-Last: Edmondson Title: Overcoming emotional exhaustion in a sales setting Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how sales organizations can become sustainable by reducing or mitigating emotional exhaustion in their sales employees. Specifically, this paper examines how organizational support, sales creativity, grit and emotional engagement impact emotional exhaustion. A sample of 361 business-to-business sales employees across a variety of organizations and industries were included in the study. Results indicated that perceived organizational support and emotional engagement negatively influenced emotional exhaustion. Although grit and sales creativity did not directly impact emotional exhaustion, both positively impacted emotional engagement. For sales organizations, these findings have important applications. First, employers need to hire employees that exhibit high levels of grit and sales creativity. Second, organizations need to provide a supportive and creative environment in order to minimize the impact of emotional exhaustion for their sales employees. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 229-239 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766989 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766989 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:229-239 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yvette Lynne Bonaparte Author-X-Name-First: Yvette Lynne Author-X-Name-Last: Bonaparte Author-Name: Sharon D. White Author-X-Name-First: Sharon D. Author-X-Name-Last: White Title: Sustainability, social marketing, veterinarians and United States veterans Abstract: This marketing case study highlights an innovative nonprofit organization (Veterinarians To Veterans United, Inc.) whose mission is to provide service, therapeutic, and emotional support animals, and discounted veterinary care to United States veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress and related conditions. Through the work of this organization, the lives of veterans are positively impacted and the number of animals euthanized at animal shelters is also expected to decline. The case study requires students to reflect on the unique needs of the US veteran population and highlights the diverse segments that exist among the veteran population. This case study provides an opportunity for marketing students to apply concepts related to sustainability and social marketing in developing strategies and tactics to address the challenges faced by Veterinarians To Veterans United, Inc. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 240-251 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766366 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766366 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:240-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Denver D’Rozario Author-X-Name-First: Denver Author-X-Name-Last: D’Rozario Author-Name: Guang Yang Author-X-Name-First: Guang Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: The emerging market for “Delebs” (dead celebrities) - An ethics-based, sustainability analysis of key stakeholder positions Abstract: The market for dead celebrities (“Delebs”) is large and growing. According to recent estimates, it is now worth $2.25 billion in annual licensing and royalty revenues. The practice is now so prevalent that Forbes began its annual ranking (in 2001) of the post-mortem earnings of the “top-earning dead celebrities”. In this paper, we examine this practice and do the following. First, we define key terms that are used in this paper. Next, we look at the major players that have a stake in the market for Delebs, the benefits they reap, and the harms they cause. Following this, we look at how the benefits reaped collectively stack up against the harms caused collectively, from a societal point of view, using a well-known ethics framework. We then show how the overall balance (of benefits vs harms) affects the long-term sustainability of the market for Delebs. Following this, we make a few key ethics-based recommendations and cautions for marketing practitioners, especially those who are concerned about the long-term viability (and sustainability) of this nascent market for a non-fungible product (i.e., Deleb images and personas). We conclude, by suggesting future directions for scholars interested in ethics-based, sustainability-focused Deleb research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 252-273 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766371 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766371 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:252-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Setayesh Sattari Author-X-Name-First: Setayesh Author-X-Name-Last: Sattari Author-Name: Anna Wessman Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Wessman Author-Name: Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Title: Business model innovation for sustainability: An investigation of consumers’ willingness to adopt product-service systems Abstract: The growing unsustainable economic and consumption systems put an enormous strain on the planet’s resources. This has led to environmental concerns on a global level and a realization of the need to develop new sustainable business models. The Circular Business Model (CBM) is a response to that need to achieve a more sustainable future. The aim of this study is to investigate consumers’ willingness to adopt one promising form of CBM called the Product-Service System (PSS). A PSS is a sustainable business model that aims at lessening the harmful unsustainable effects of consumption.Based on the literature, this study developed a conceptual model consisting of five independent variables; Economic Value, Flexibility, Trust, Desire to Own, Peer Influence, and Consumers’ Environmental Awareness as a moderating variable to evaluate the determinants of consumers’ willingness to adopt PSS. The primary data was collected through an online survey with 463 usable responses, and the hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis in SPSS. The results showed that five of the six hypothesized factors were significant determinants of consumers’ willingness to adopt PSS. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 274-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766369 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766369 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:274-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kei Aoki Author-X-Name-First: Kei Author-X-Name-Last: Aoki Author-Name: R. Keith Tudor Author-X-Name-First: R. Keith Author-X-Name-Last: Tudor Author-Name: Aberdeen Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Aberdeen Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Author-Name: Deborah H. Lester Author-X-Name-First: Deborah H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lester Title: Why build sustainable relationships with customers? - The effects of “Ambassador Program” Abstract: To build relationships with customers, sustainable engagements are crucial. Ostensibly, firm profits are derived from customers’ financial contributions; in addition, their non-financial contributions such as advocacy also increase long-term profitability. Today, the importance of such customer-to-customer communication has dramatically increased and is derived from enhancing customers’ brand experience. This paper explores how to incorporate C-to-C communication into brand experience with the goal of strengthening customer relationships, developing advocacy, and encouraging sustainable interactions.This study introduces the novel approach called Ambassador Program which aims to build long-term collaboration with customers and promote advocacy from the participants. Through the case of the “NESCAFE Ambassador Program,” we found that this brand-new approach is effective in increasing customers’ brand experience and customers’ contributions. Consequently, customers can create new customers. The research empirically showed that even in such a low-involvement category as consumer-packaged goods, firms can build sustainable relationships with customers by adopting customer-to-customer relationships into their marketing strategies. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 291-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:291-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pınar Mataracı Author-X-Name-First: Pınar Author-X-Name-Last: Mataracı Author-Name: Sema Kurtuluş Author-X-Name-First: Sema Author-X-Name-Last: Kurtuluş Title: Sustainable marketing: The effects of environmental consciousness, lifestyle and involvement degree on environmentally friendly purchasing behavior Abstract: The main aim of this study is to determine the roles of environmental consciousness, lifestyle and involvement factors on purchasing behavior. Factors affecting environmentally friendly behaviors were explained within the context of attitude, intention and behavior with a holistic approach. TRA Model (Theory of Reasoned Action) was expanded by adding variables that express individual consumer characteristics.Data were gathered via face to face survey from 900 participants who live in Istanbul where people from different socio-economic backgrounds are thought to be located. The proposed model was analyzed by means of Structural Equation Modelling.According to results, environmental consciousness, lifestyle and involvement factors have significant impacts upon attitude and intention towards buying. Also, behavioral dimension of environmental consciousness (such as recycling) and purchasing intention have the greatest impact upon buying behavior. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 304-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766988 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766988 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:304-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The influence of perceived costs and perceived benefits on AI-driven interactive recommendation agent value Abstract: This study investigates the effects of perceived costs and benefits on the value of an AI-driven recommendation agent (AIRA) by examining an AIRAs influence on the perceived costs and benefits of an information search done during a consumers’ decision-making process. AIRAs use AI-driven algorithms that accelerate and integrate information search, the evaluation of alternatives, and the full decision process by extracting users’ preferences and acting on their behalf. These specialized agents facilitate searches for information or alternatives and offer recommendations to help consumers make decisions. This study contributes to the building of a theoretical model of AI-driven recommendation agent values and provides new resources for AI-driven marketing academics and practitioners. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 319-333 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1775491 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1775491 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:319-333 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satyendra C. Pandey Author-X-Name-First: Satyendra C. Author-X-Name-Last: Pandey Author-Name: Swati Panda Author-X-Name-First: Swati Author-X-Name-Last: Panda Author-Name: Scott Widmier Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Widmier Author-Name: Eric Harvey Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey Title: CSR and social entrepreneurship: Combining efforts towards sustainability Abstract: Distinctions are usually drawn between social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility based upon the implications, the impact, and the stimulus required. Limited empirical evidences are there in the existing literature to suggest any connect between social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility. This article points out the efforts of development and encouragement of social entrepreneurship as a CSR activity by a large public listed coal mining and refining company. Company makes a significant contribution towards the overall coal production in India. The study field is concentrated around main basin located in Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh in India. Implications are drawn based upon the success observed in the initiative and future directions and explored. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 335-343 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766991 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766991 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:335-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jen Riley Author-X-Name-First: Jen Author-X-Name-Last: Riley Title: Sustaining customer engagement through social media brand communities Abstract: Customers are spending an exorbitant amount of time engaging various media outlets. Due to technological advances such as social media, marketers must innovate to stay top-of-mind for customers and approach the customer engagement journey differently. Social media allows brands to facilitate traditional offline brand communities, virtually. However, sustaining that engagement often presents a challenge and can be a strain on the resources of a company and marketing team. Allowing customers to engage with other customers and brands gives social media brand communities a unique competitive advantage over other marketing methods. By engaging in content creation within social media brand communities, customers and marketers are able to co-create value and increase customer engagement. Transferring part of the customer engagement experience into an online setting provides value co-creation opportunities among customers and for the brand. This manuscript proposes a framework for sustaining social media brand communities and customer engagement for value co-creation. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 344-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766990 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766990 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:344-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marshal Chaifetz Author-X-Name-First: Marshal Author-X-Name-Last: Chaifetz Author-Name: Nicholas Pace Smith Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas Pace Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Follow the leader or go your own way: The use of logos and branding in AmeriCorps and similar federally funded service grant programs as a pre-cursor to sustainable branding Abstract: We compare three federally funded grant programs: AmeriCorps, Head Start and TRIO. AmeriCorps, part of the Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS), consists of three programs, the AmeriCorps National Civilian Corps, AmeriCorps State and National and AmeriCorps Vista (AmeriCorps Programs, 2018). Head Start, funded through the United States Department of Health and Human Services, provides direct educational and social services to children under the age of 5 from low-income families (Office of Head Start, 2018). TRIO, which consist of seven different programs1, is funded through the United States Department of Education (USDE) and provides educational outreach services to students from disadvantaged backgrounds (Federal TRIO Programs, 2019).This analysis seeks to gain a better understanding of how the AmeriCorps, Head Start and TRIO programs use logos and branding on their websites by asking the following questions:• How are logos used by AmeriCorps, Head Start, and TRIO program grantees?• What are the requirements and guidelines for use of logos in each program?• What happens when there is a lack of clear guidance for logo usage, or no official logo at all? Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 358-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766370 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766370 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:358-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kendra L. Harris Author-X-Name-First: Kendra L. Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: Kimberly N. Harris Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly N. Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: Aberdeen Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Aberdeen Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Author-Name: D. Augustus Anderson Author-X-Name-First: D. Augustus Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Author-Name: Deborah H. Lester Author-X-Name-First: Deborah H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lester Title: The online environment’s adverse effect on the sustainability of the retail workforce Abstract: The retail environment has undergone seismic changes over the past couple of decades with respect to the predominant venue in which consumers can procure their personal, family, and household goods. This transformation of the retailing landscape means that consumers can engage in “retail” activity via a variety of mediums, including exclusively online. These changes have residual effects on employment dynamics for the individuals who work in this arena.  In particular, the retailing operational changes that result in significant shifts to the online arena beg the question of what becomes of the individuals who were formerly employed on the ground. Using Census data, we analyze employment trends among retail workers, disaggregated by race and gender. Our analysis indicates that the digitalization of the retail economy has so far contributed to a continuation of the wage stagnation and job loss for women (especially women of color) that has been a historical part of the undercurrent of the American workplace landscape. We employ the theory of compensating differentials to provide an explanation for these disparities, while also analyzing the validity of previous application of the theory. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 367-379 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766372 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766372 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:367-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Scott Widmier Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Widmier Author-Name: Lance Brouthers Author-X-Name-First: Lance Author-X-Name-Last: Brouthers Author-Name: Charles Ragland Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Ragland Title: Doing well by doing good: Direct selling as a viable and sustainable source of income for base of the pyramid populations Abstract: Previous research shows the direct selling system helping BOP populations in South Africa. We seek to extend this by examining if countries typified by large “base-of-the-pyramid” (BOP) are fertile ground for direct selling? Can direct sellers do well by doing good for BOP populations and the environment? Using data from a sample of 51 developed and developing countries representing over 90% of world GDP, we found that direct selling market penetration is positively related to gender inequality, income inequality, and less financial freedom. Implications for MNEs, as well as national and policy makers in subsistence markets are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 380-393 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1775492 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1775492 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:380-393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paola Andrea Morales Author-X-Name-First: Paola Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Morales Author-Name: Sheb True Author-X-Name-First: Sheb Author-X-Name-Last: True Author-Name: R. Keith Tudor Author-X-Name-First: R. Keith Author-X-Name-Last: Tudor Title: Insights, challenges and recommendations for research on sustainability in marketing Abstract: Sustainability has become an important topic for businesses and scholars. They have debated and implemented different approaches to the challenges of sustainability that the world faces. Previous research has evidence that these approaches have evolved over time. Green marketing was one of the first approaches to sustainability, but scholars and businesses have discovered that isolated efforts and lack of strategy do not impact sustainability significantly, nor benefit the company. Approaching sustainability from a customer perspective is still one of the best approaches for companies. This paper aims to shed light on the principal findings and insights on the topic, and present recommendations for future research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 394-406 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1803757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1803757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:394-406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Park Thaichon Author-X-Name-First: Park Author-X-Name-Last: Thaichon Author-Name: Jiraporn Surachartkumtonkun Author-X-Name-First: Jiraporn Author-X-Name-Last: Surachartkumtonkun Author-Name: Anubhuti Singhal Author-X-Name-First: Anubhuti Author-X-Name-Last: Singhal Author-Name: Artem Alabastro Author-X-Name-First: Artem Author-X-Name-Last: Alabastro Title: Host and guest value co-creation and satisfaction in a shared economy: The case of Airbnb Abstract: The aim of the study is to determine the factors that lead to host and guest satisfaction and value co-creation in the shared economy offered by Airbnb. The study interviews Australian Airbnb hosts and guests in a semi-structured format. Six primary and three secondary factors emerge from the interview data. Primary factors impact both hosts and guests, while secondary factors impact either hosts or guests. Primary factors include (1) economic benefits, (2) authenticity, (3) human interaction, (4) convenience, (5) security, and (6) privacy. Secondary factors include (1) service quality, (2) surprises, and (3) business ownership. Both guests and hosts are Airbnb customers; the current study is one of the first to analyze a shared economy from two different customer perspectives. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 407-422 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1752278 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1752278 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:407-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rajan Nataraajan Author-X-Name-First: Rajan Author-X-Name-Last: Nataraajan Author-Name: Nelson Oly Ndubisi Author-X-Name-First: Nelson Oly Author-X-Name-Last: Ndubisi Author-Name: Obaid Al–Shuridah Author-X-Name-First: Obaid Author-X-Name-Last: Al–Shuridah Title: Antecedents to high (low) performances by international technology ventures Abstract: Given that innovation can be critical to the survival of international technology ventures (ITVs), this study investigates the relationships among organizational learning, international marketing dynamism (IMD), and innovation performance in ITVs based in Dubai (UAE). Based on a review of extant literature, a questionnaire was developed and administered among these ITVs. The resulting data were analyzed using SmartPLS version 3. Of the nine hypothesized direct and indirect relationships, seven receive support. The results indicate that three of four hypothesized relationships between organizational learning dimensions and IMD were supported. The relationship between IMD and new product performance (innovation performance) was supported. Moreover, IMD mediates the relationship between three of four organizational learning dimensions and innovation performance. The findings and implications of this research are discussed, and conclusions are stated. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 423-436 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1775493 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1775493 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:423-436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chung-Shing Lee Author-X-Name-First: Chung-Shing Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Drew Martin Author-X-Name-First: Drew Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Author-Name: Pi-Feng Hsieh Author-X-Name-First: Pi-Feng Author-X-Name-Last: Hsieh Author-Name: Wan-Chen Yu Author-X-Name-First: Wan-Chen Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Title: Principles of value creation in event tourism: Enhancing the competitiveness of regional clusters Abstract: Using a strategic management perspective, this paper conceptualizes how event tourism creates and appropriates value for locations and regions supporting tourism. A conceptual framework of the six principles of tourism value creation integrates theoretical developments in value creation and retention, service innovation, and networks and regional clusters. This model applies to three levels of players: individual entities, tourism-supporting organizations, and the geographic or regional clusters that promote tourism. This framework demonstrates how event tourism creates value for individual tourists, tourism-related organizations, and regional economies, while also enhancing competitiveness for regions and individual nations. The model offers a new perspective for future research directions and practitioner guidance to create and sustain competitive advantage. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 437-453 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1784771 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1784771 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:437-453 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Scott A. Inks Author-X-Name-First: Scott A. Author-X-Name-Last: Inks Author-Name: Aberdeen Leila Borders Author-X-Name-First: Aberdeen Leila Author-X-Name-Last: Borders Author-Name: Deborah H. Lester Author-X-Name-First: Deborah H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lester Author-Name: Terry W. Loe Author-X-Name-First: Terry W. Author-X-Name-Last: Loe Title: Women outperform men in collegiate sales competitions: Are women’s sales skills better than men’s? Abstract: Since the early 1970s, sales and marketing academicians have been researching the influence of gender on sales performance and sales management. This paper presents a study examining the extent to which men and women college students differ in sales role-play competition performance. The results show women performed better than men in every sales skill dimension measured. These findings share some consistency with gender effects found in previous research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 454-463 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1766367 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1766367 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:454-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos Omar Trejo-Pech Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Omar Author-X-Name-Last: Trejo-Pech Author-Name: Sharon Thach Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Thach Title: A review of articles in the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science (JGSMS) special issue on Marketing Management in International Contexts Abstract: This is a review of four articles published in the JGSMS 2019 special issue on Marketing Management in International Contexts. All papers published in this special issue were peer-reviewed, with oversight from the authors of this document in the role of Guest Editors. Three articles examine aspects of digital communication influences on behavior and attitudes, while one studies consumer preferences in the context of differing cultural and technological backgrounds. Generational cohorts and cultural clusters are examined through these studies. Overall, the articles in this special issue contribute to our knowledge of how younger persons use and are shaped by the digital world they have been born into, but also to the persistence of underlying cultures. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-9 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808816 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808816 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:1-9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Munsch Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Munsch Title: Millennial and generation Z digital marketing communication and advertising effectiveness: A qualitative exploration Abstract: Millennials are among the largest age cohorts in United States commanding the strong buying power. They are digital natives perplexing the marketing world to develop effective digital advertising strategies because they have become expert at avoiding digital advertising designed to influence their consumer behavior. Using a digital distraction during an advertisement is a Millennial behavior and they are not likely to read, listen to, or watch digital advertisements in their entirety. Marketers are challenged to uncover new insights relating to how to hold Millennial attention with digital marketing/advertising communication. This research explored questions on how marketers can better serve the Millennial consumer in the United States with digital marketing/advertising communication that is engaging, informative and influential to their consumer behavior. The research also explored similarities and differences in digital marketing/advertising engagement among Millennials and the Generation Z age cohort because Generation Z represents the largest age cohort coming of age. The research was conducted using the qualitative methods of focus groups, an online bulletin board and one-on-one in-depth interviews. The findings suggest that digital marketing/advertising that is short, with music, humor and the use of social media influencers has a positive impact on both age cohorts. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 10-29 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808812 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808812 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:10-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Kincl Author-X-Name-First: Tomáš Author-X-Name-Last: Kincl Author-Name: P. Štrach Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Štrach Title: Born digital: Is there going to be a new culture of digital natives? Abstract: The paper strives to answer the question of whether Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants share similar concerns with other generations across national cultures. A traditional cross-cultural approach is scrutinized to unravel the extent to which technology has influenced and co-created the digital culture, which may emerge as a distinct sub-cultureThis analysis is based on Mindreader Mindshare survey from more than 57,000 respondents from in 44 different countries. The cross-tabulation analysis was performed to investigate the differences in the respondents’ strongest concerns. The analysis revealed differences between the Global Learning and Observation to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) program’s cultural clusters, as well as between both generations of Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants. Both generations of Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants appear to share relatively homogeneous concerns, and therefore sharing the same digital culture regardless of the GLOBE cultural cluster to which they belong. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 30-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808811 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808811 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:30-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erskin Blunck Author-X-Name-First: Erskin Author-X-Name-Last: Blunck Author-Name: E. Fetzer Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Fetzer Author-Name: J. M. Tilley Author-X-Name-First: J. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tilley Title: Benchmarking digital education programs on social entrepreneurship: what a digital program on social entrepreneurship can learn from other digital social entrepreneurship programs Abstract: Social entrepreneurship education is becoming a must-have for academic institutions. However, there is little agreement on how to consider dimensions like international scope, interdisciplinary participation and educational format. This paper illustrates how benchmarking can support the product creation and improvement process of such an educational program offered in a digital format. Social Entrepreneurship for Local Change (SELC) is a European Union funded Erasmus+ consortium, which developed a digital social entrepreneurship course. The program’s goal was to serve basic educational objectives of its students and teachers as well as strategic goals of the universities and the European Commission. Benchmarking, which has evolved to benchlearning, is a strategic management tool that measures the practices of one organization against the best practices of leading organizations in the same area. In this paper, the practices of SELC’s digital program were benchmarked against two more mature digital social entrepreneurship programs using qualitative methods and resulting in a comparative scorecard. By recognizing and addressing quality gaps revealed by the benchmarking process, SELC’s administrators can improve their own quality and put the program in the best position to achieve its goals. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 49-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808814 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808814 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:49-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Iris Ramme Author-X-Name-First: Iris Author-X-Name-Last: Ramme Author-Name: Tom Gillpatrick Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Gillpatrick Title: Thermal comfort – an intercultural comparison Abstract: Growing energy consumption together with the problem of increasing CO2 emissions are widely viewed as critical factors for achieving global sustainability. The Green Building Council has estimated that 39% of CO2 emissions come from buildings and that this percentage is increasing. While much of home energy consumption is related to heating and cooling there is little research on how consumers manage the temperature in their homes. This study examines residential consumer perceptions regarding thermal comfort with the objective of gaining insights on how to reduce energy consumption for heating or cooling homes. Thus, we would gain insights for achieving a more sustainable approach for energy consumption while considering ecological, economic, and social aspects. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 65-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808815 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808815 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:65-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jooho Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jooho Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Sung-Joon Yoon Author-X-Name-First: Sung-Joon Author-X-Name-Last: Yoon Title: A geo-cultural approach to the purchase decision of counterfeit luxury brands in China Abstract: This study takes on three research objectives to better understand the pertinent issues involving the purchase decision regarding counterfeit as well as authentic luxury brands. Specifically, the first objective concerns regional differences across three cities in terms of the three factors affecting the purchase of counterfeit luxury products. i.e., collectivistic influence, brand awareness, and brand involvement.Second, we seek to examine whether regional differences play a role in purchase decision regarding luxury brands. Third, we aim to compare the research models on consumer’s decision making process across three cities to provide critical implications pertinent to geographic particularity. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 74-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808803 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808803 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:74-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jinwoo Ahn Author-X-Name-First: Jinwoo Author-X-Name-Last: Ahn Author-Name: Taeseok Rho Author-X-Name-First: Taeseok Author-X-Name-Last: Rho Title: The effect of customer participation in service industry on encounter satisfaction by the development of relationship Abstract: This study empirically identifies the varying effects of customer participation (CP) in service industry on a relationship’s developmental stages. Because CP simultaneously affects and is affected by a relationship in service settings, its influence on the relationship’s developmental stage requires examination. This study aims to fill the gap between phenomenon and theory that existed in previous CP studies by comparing and analysing the effects of four CP sub-factors (information seeking, information sharing, personal interaction and responsible behaviour) on encounter satisfaction during the developmental stage of a relationship between customer and service provider. Additionally, this study provides service companies with strategic implications for utilizing CP.This study considers the relationship dynamics to which prior CP studies paid little attention. Thoroughly verifying these CP sub-factors provides a foothold for a new perspective on the inconsistent results of CP studies. According to research result, the influence of information-seeking behaviour on encounter satisfaction decreases as a relationship grows. In contrast, information sharing and personal interaction increase. Lastly, responsible behaviour made no significant difference. This study enables service marketing managers to understand CP during the developmental stage of a customer relationship and establish needed and appropriate management guidelines for customer-related interactions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 94-120 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808806 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808806 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:94-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Chinese Abstracts: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, Volume 31, Issue 1 (2021) Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 121-123 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1863646 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1863646 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:121-123 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sreedhar Madhavaram Author-X-Name-First: Sreedhar Author-X-Name-Last: Madhavaram Title: Shelby D. Hunt’s contributions to the marketing discipline: Research programs, impact, and compelling opportunities Abstract: This issue of the Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science (JGSMS) is a tribute to the contributions of Shelby D. Hunt to the marketing discipline. There are nine contributions by – Dennis B. Arnett, Vishag Badrinrayanan, Kshitij Bhoumik, Pelin Bicen, Mayukh Dass, Linda Ferrell, O.C. Ferrell, Shelby D. Hunt, Sreedhar Madhavaram, Heejung Park, Mark Peterson, Rajan Vardarajan, and Scott J. Vitell – that not only pay homage to Professor Hunt’s significant contributions, but also make original contributions that can potentially take the marketing discipline forward. Collectively, the contributions from the special issue are unequivocal on the significance of Professor Hunt’s contributions to the marketing discipline with reference to: (i) theory development in marketing, (ii) programmatic research on marketing theory, marketings’ philosophy debates, channels of distribution, macromarketing and ethics, relationship marketing, resource-advantage theory, and marketing management and strategy, (iii) impact on the marketing discipline, (iv) implications for marketing scholarship, pedagogy, and practice, and (v) advancing the marketing discipline. In conclusion, on the foundations of Professor Hunt’s contributions to research on marketing theory, marketing strategy, marketing ethics, macromarketing, resource-advantage theory of competition, and channels of distribution, compelling opportunities are abound for marketing scholarship. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 125-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785921 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785921 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:125-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shelby D. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: Shelby D. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: The nature and origins of impactful research in marketing Abstract: This article (1) explores the nature and origins of “high impact” (i.e., highly cited) articles in marketing, (2) argues that a major factor is that highly cited articles frequently are the result of their authors’ executing time-consuming, research programs, rather than simply working on individual articles that appear to be immediately publishable, (3) develops a “six-stage model” of programmatic research, and (4) illustrates the six-stage model by means of the author’s “marketing theory” research program. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 130-141 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785915 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785915 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:130-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rajan Varadarajan Author-X-Name-First: Rajan Author-X-Name-Last: Varadarajan Title: Dr. Shelby D. Hunt: A world-renowned marketing scholar, marketing legend, thought leader, mentor and more Abstract: Dr. Shelby D. Hunt is a world-renowned marketing scholar and thought leader. Over the course of his first five decades of distinguished and illustrious academic journey, he has made numerous seminal contributions to the advancement of marketing thought and practice. Hunt’s scholarly contributions have been greatly influential in shaping the content and body of knowledge in a number of substantive areas in marketing including macromarketing, marketing channels, marketing ethics, marketing theory and strategic marketing. This tribute article provides a retrospective and perspective on five of Hunt’s seminal pieces (one from each of the first five decades of Hunt’s illustrious academic journey) that have had a lasting impact on my research and teaching and undoubtedly on those of countless other marketing academics worldwide. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 142-150 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785913 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785913 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:142-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Scott J. Vitell Author-X-Name-First: Scott J. Author-X-Name-Last: Vitell Title: Shelby D. Hunt: Contributions of a pioneer in marketing ethics and macromarketing Abstract: This article is a rendering of the contributions of a Marketing Legend, Shelby D. Hunt, in the field of macromarketing in general, and most specifically in the marketing ethics area. The article highlights the major contributions of Dr. Hunt in these areas, and also traces his role as one of the early founders in both fields while even still continuing to publish in both (roughly four decades later) up to the very present. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 151-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785920 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785920 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:151-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Peterson Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Peterson Author-Name: Heejung Park Author-X-Name-First: Heejung Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Hope for a stronger discipline of marketing Abstract: To a new generation of marketing scholars, Shelby Hunt might be identified with Resource-Advantage (RA) Theory, marketing theory books, or philosophy of science debates from the 1980s. This article intends to put Hunt’s publishing efforts into a richer perspective for the reader. The outcome of Hunt’s works has strengthened the marketing discipline and allowed it to avoid being taken over by neighboring disciplines in business academia, such as management. The article first offers an overview of Hunt’s works and what characterizes his body of work that should matter to marketing scholars. This article then focuses on some of Hunt’s macromarketing and ethics contributions to highlight how his work in these areas has boosted the efforts of other scholars in the process of knowledge creation. The article closes with some thoughts on future research possibilities within the marketing discipline that are now warranted. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 162-177 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785914 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785914 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:162-177 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O.C. Ferrell Author-X-Name-First: O.C. Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrell Author-Name: Linda Ferrell Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrell Title: Applying the Hunt Vitell ethics model to artificial intelligence ethics Abstract: The Hunt-Vitell (H-V) model of marketing ethics has been validated over the last 30 years. The model explains how people make ethical decisions. Artificial intelligence (AI), involving machine learning, is replacing humans and making decisions based on algorithms or rules developed by programmers. The challenge is how to program the ethical component of AI decisions normally provided by humans. H-V is a descriptive model that can be applied to making AI ethical decisions. A blueprint and revised H-V model is developed as a guide to implementing AI ethics. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 178-188 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785918 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785918 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:178-188 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dennis B. Arnett Author-X-Name-First: Dennis B. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnett Author-Name: Mayukh Dass Author-X-Name-First: Mayukh Author-X-Name-Last: Dass Author-Name: Kshitij Bhoumik Author-X-Name-First: Kshitij Author-X-Name-Last: Bhoumik Title: Re-examining market structures: Resource-Advantage theory and the market offering ecosystem perspective Abstract: Understanding market structure is central to firms’ success. It helps organizations understand competition and in turn develop strategies to improve performance. The market structure literature is traditionally driven by three schools of thoughts, supply-side competition, demand-side competition, and target market-based competition. However, researchers are developing more intricate models of market structures, which are inspired by the ecosystem concept and are supported by network analysis techniques. In this article, we present new insights regarding market structures based on an ecosystem metaphor approach. In particular, we propose that a market structure can be classified using six ecosystem-based relationships (mutualism, commensalism, neutralism, amensalism, parasitism, and competition), which are based on how the sales of a market offering affects the sales of other offerings in the same ecosystem. Based on these relationships, we examine these relationships in detail and provide proposals for future research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 189-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785917 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785917 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:189-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vishag Badrinarayanan Author-X-Name-First: Vishag Author-X-Name-Last: Badrinarayanan Title: Professor Shelby Hunt’s contributions to franchising: Revisiting forecasts and recommendations four decades later Abstract: This tribute article focuses on Professor Shelby Hunt’s contributions to the franchising literature and evaluates how forecasts and recommendations presented in 11 of his articles compare against contemporary industry trends and practices. From this evaluation, it is abundantly clear that Professor Hunt’s contributions to franchising were truly visionary in nature – almost all of the proposed forecasts and recommendations have materialized over the past four decades. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 200-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785916 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785916 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:200-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pelin Bicen Author-X-Name-First: Pelin Author-X-Name-Last: Bicen Title: Shelby D. Hunt’s legacy, the R-A theory of competition, and its perspective on the geographical indications (GIs) debate Abstract: The article highlights Dr. Shelby Hunt’s major contribution to the interminable discussions in the field of competition in general, and most specifically in the role of institutions and public policy promoting productivity and economic growth. The article specifically focuses on Hunt’s legacy, Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition, and its core concepts to guide our understanding in one of the most heated debates in the international trade discussions: Geographical Indications (GI) and their impact on the competitive nature of global trade.Geographical Indications (GI) are collective intellectual property (IP) rights for agri-food products that highlight the unique tie between the quality of the GI product and the territory where it is produced and/or processed. This tie encompasses both physical (i.e. soil, climate, local variety and breed) and human-related factors (i.e. local know-how, specific skills, historical traces). The heated debate regarding the nature and scope of GIs policies and whether these policies foster or hinder competition takes considerable attention in global trade agreements. Founding my arguments on Hunt’s Resource-Advantage theory, a dynamic theory of competition, I argue that GIs policies are pro-competition and provide the agrifood producers with productivity tools and, thereby, have the potential to foster regional economic growth and prosperity. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 213-233 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785919 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785919 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:213-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sreedhar Madhavaram Author-X-Name-First: Sreedhar Author-X-Name-Last: Madhavaram Title: The conceptual contributions of Shelby D. Hunt: Foundations for advancing the marketing discipline Abstract: Given that conceptual contributions are essential for enhancing marketing thought, scholars are increasingly lamenting the decline in conceptual advances in marketing. Remarkably, while the marketing discipline was experiencing a precipitous decline in conceptual advances, Professor Hunt, almost singularly, moved in the opposite direction through his significant conceptual contributions to several substantive areas in marketing. In this article, as a scholarly tribute, I evaluate some of his conceptual contributions to marketing theory, franchising, marketing ethics, marketing strategy, and competition. Specifically, this article (i) discusses the nature of conceptual contributions, (ii) evaluates Hunt’s conceptual contributions to five substantive areas in marketing using MacInnis’s typology for conceptual contributions, (iii) argues that Professor Hunt’s conceptual contributions are foundational for scholarly discourse on marketing theory, franchising, marketing ethics, marketing strategy, and competition, and (iv) urges marketing scholars to both develop conceptual contributions for substantive areas of marketing and to cumulatively build on the foundations of Professor Hunt’s conceptual contributions to specific research domains. Indeed, an appropriate tribute to a scholar’s intellectual contributions can only come from preserving the cumulativity of those contributions by building on their foundations. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 234-254 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1785922 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1785922 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:234-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kaj Storbacka Author-X-Name-First: Kaj Author-X-Name-Last: Storbacka Author-Name: Suvi Nenonen Author-X-Name-First: Suvi Author-X-Name-Last: Nenonen Title: Managerial levers of market-shaping strategies: An abductive inquiry Abstract: Viewing markets as socially constructed, and thus consciously reconstructable value-creating systems, opens interesting avenues for managerial practice. Strategic decisions regarding markets are no longer limited to market selection or positioning in an existing space; for in addition, markets themselves can be shaped for higher value creation, growth and profitability. Based on an abductive research process that was founded on a continuous literature review and involved 63 executives from 16 firms in two countries, we identified 12 distinct levers that a focal firm wanting to shape their markets can focus on. These managerial levers are further categorized into four themes (1) reworking the exchange process by which the focal firm connects with customers, (2) reshaping the network that supports the exchange process and customers’ use practices, (3) revising the representations that are used to symbolize the market, and (4) reforming the norms that guide all interactions in the market. The developed framework provides an organized and actionable overview of the elements that can form the content of market-shaping strategies, thus illuminating the “black box” between previously explored antecedents and outcomes of such strategies. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 337-353 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808836 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808836 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:337-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nusser Raajpoot Author-X-Name-First: Nusser Author-X-Name-Last: Raajpoot Author-Name: Arun Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Arun Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: The function of innovation culture in the success of new services Abstract: The role of culture has been important for the success of new service development. As an example, Sheth highlighted the role of resistance to innovation and the cultural orientation of developing countries, such as India, in determining success in the development of new services. There has been extensive research in the area of new service development, but an area that needs additional research is innovation culture. Using data from 96 companies in 24 countries, we first identify important global service success factors: innovation culture, global orientation, incentives and rewards, collaboration with external partners, market analysis, and identifying customer needs. We then test a model between the success factors and the success of new services and find that innovation culture is critical in the success of new services. We also find that collaboration is the most salient factor in success. In the absence of innovation culture, understanding customer needs does not improve success chances, and financial rewards help develop an innovation culture. Implications are derived for research and practice. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 392-414 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1924818 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1924818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:392-414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Atul Parvatiyar Author-X-Name-First: Atul Author-X-Name-Last: Parvatiyar Title: Tracing global contribution of Jagdish N. Sheth to customer engagement and brand value enhancement Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 255-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1924956 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1924956 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:255-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ruth N. Bolton Author-X-Name-First: Ruth N. Author-X-Name-Last: Bolton Author-Name: Anders Gustafsson Author-X-Name-First: Anders Author-X-Name-Last: Gustafsson Author-Name: Crina O. Tarasi Author-X-Name-First: Crina O. Author-X-Name-Last: Tarasi Author-Name: Lars Witell Author-X-Name-First: Lars Author-X-Name-Last: Witell Title: How customer experience management reconciles strategy differences between East and West Abstract: This paper studies how customers of a global firm evaluate their experiences within and across 44 countries. It focuses on customers’ emotional, cognitive, sensory and behavioral responses to the catalog experience. It develops a theory-based model of satisfaction with the catalog experience as a function of experiential attributes and control variables. A second model captures how each experiential attribute’s contribution to the customer experience is influenced by market and customer characteristics. The models were operationalized using survey data from 366,185 customers who used the firm’s catalog across different trade areas in 44 countries, yielding 571 equations that describe satisfaction with the customer experience. Consistent with theoretical work on context-dependent judgments, nine contingency factors explain significant and substantial amounts of variation (30% on average) in the elasticities of the 12 experiential attributes. East and West can appear similar when market characteristics are similar – or when they are different. Emotional, cognitive, sensory, and behavioral responses to the customer experience systematically differ due to economic, demographic, technological, cultural and consumer characteristics. East and West especially differ in terms of responses to emotional and sensory experiences. Customer experience management can help to shape a strategy that resolves strategy differences between East and West. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 273-295 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1921606 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1921606 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:273-295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Ritter Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Ritter Title: Enabling organizational value-chain processes through network capability Abstract: Value-chain processes must be understood and managed from a network, or ecosystem, perspective and linked to customer value creation. Based on an overview of the customer-value literature and internal value-chain processes, this paper argues that network capability needs to be added to the firm’s value-chain processes as an additional layer. This paper outlines different views on network capability, positions network capability in the wider portfolio of firms’ value-creation processes, and outlines potential research opportunities that may deepen our understanding of network capability. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 354-371 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1924817 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1924817 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:354-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vanitha Swaminathan Author-X-Name-First: Vanitha Author-X-Name-Last: Swaminathan Author-Name: Umut Kubat Dokumaci Author-X-Name-First: Umut Author-X-Name-Last: Kubat Dokumaci Title: Do all, or only some personality types engage in spreading negative WOM? An experimental study of negative WOM, big 5 personality traits and brand personality Abstract: The focus of this research is on examining the interrelationships among brand personality, human personality traits, and the propensity to spread online negative word of mouth (WOM). The results across two studies show that consumers with higher levels of neuroticism (or lower emotional stability) have a greater propensity to spread negative WOM for a sincere brand than for an exciting brand. Conversely, consumers with higher levels of emotional stability exhibit no significant differences in negative WOM across sincere and exciting brands. Implications of these findings for theory are discussed, along with directions for future research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 260-272 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808837 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808837 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:260-272 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Baker Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Author-Name: Naveen Donthu Author-X-Name-First: Naveen Author-X-Name-Last: Donthu Title: Fight or flight?: Understanding customer response to CRM tactics Abstract: A successful CRM strategy sometime requires the firm to unilaterally restructure parts of the exchange relationship with existing customers. This reallocation of marketing resources benefits many customers, although less profitable customer segments are likely to be adversely impacted by such policies. In this study we shed light on the marketing relationship factors that shape how consumers respond to CRM activities involving negative policy changes. The theoretical model tested showed that the level of switching costs and situational self-efficacy modify the behavioral response (acceptance, resistance, and defection) consumers have to negative policy changes. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 318-336 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808839 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:318-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jürgen Kai-Uwe Brock Author-X-Name-First: Jürgen Kai-Uwe Author-X-Name-Last: Brock Title: The emergence and implications of Technologized Marketing Abstract: Technology is as old as human activity and marketing is as old as human economic activity. Accordingly, marketing technology has evolved. Drawing on evolutionary technology systems theory, this paper discusses the emergence and implications of Technologized Marketing, which will be the next evolutionary phase. The implications of Technologized Marketing focus on the question how excellence in marketing will look like. For each implication testable research hypotheses are developed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 372-391 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1921607 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1921607 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:372-391 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eunha Chun Author-X-Name-First: Eunha Author-X-Name-Last: Chun Author-Name: Heerim Joung Author-X-Name-First: Heerim Author-X-Name-Last: Joung Author-Name: Young Ju Lim Author-X-Name-First: Young Ju Author-X-Name-Last: Lim Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Title: Business transparency and willingness to act environmentally conscious behavior: Applying the sustainable fashion evaluation system “Higg Index” Abstract: The authors conducted a survey of 120 consumers in South Korea to study how fashion brands can use “Higg Index” to increase information transparency, which then enhances environmental concerns, brand trust, willingness to act environmentally conscious behavior, and purchase intentions. Furthermore, consumer sustainable knowledge moderates the effects of environmental concerns and brand trust. The analysis indicates that business transparency positively affects environmental concerns, brand trust, and willingness to act environmentally conscious behavior. Consumers’ sustainable knowledge moderates the effects of business transparency on environmental concerns and brand trust. The findings have meaningful implications for marketer by suggesting the need for transparency, which can be indicated by using an effective transparent evaluation system. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 437-452 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1904784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1904784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:437-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gerard J. Tellis Author-X-Name-First: Gerard J. Author-X-Name-Last: Tellis Author-Name: Seshadri Tirunillai Author-X-Name-First: Seshadri Author-X-Name-Last: Tirunillai Title: The research impact of Dr. Jagdish Sheth Abstract: The authors analyze the publication record of Jagdish Sheth to grasp his impact. As of January 2019, Sheth’s total Google citations were over 44,000. Analysis suggests that Sheth’s impact is deep, with two publications having over 6,000 citations each. Yet, his breadth is impressive, spanning at least 20 independent topics. His h-factor is over 80, with 10 publications with over 1,000 cites each. His topics range from buyer behavior, customer behavior, relationship marketing, and consumption values, to innovation, emerging markets, sustainability, value creation, marketing reform, and web marketing. Surprisingly, relationship marketing (not buyer behavior) is his top cited topic. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 433-436 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1924820 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1924820 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:433-436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Kumar Author-X-Name-First: V. Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Mani Vannan Author-X-Name-First: Mani Author-X-Name-Last: Vannan Title: It takes two to tango: Statistical modeling and machine learning Abstract: Statistical methods (SM) have been dominant in generating insights from any type of data for generations. However, with the recent advances in technology, machine learning (ML) has become one of the widely spoken methods to generate insights with more ease of use. While the followers of statistical methods have a differing view point about ML, and the followers of ML have a differing viewpoint about SM, this article isolates the merits of each of these two methods and advances arguments for when to use what method based on the purpose, context, frequency of use, cost, expertise and time. To be specific, the main purpose of SM is for inference and that of ML is prediction. Further, this article goes one step further and creates a scenario where it shows that when we combine the learning from using a statistical method and apply it to machine learning, the ultimate benefit can be greater than the sum of each method’s benefits. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 296-317 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808838 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808838 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:296-317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Sang Jin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sang Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Qi Jiang Author-X-Name-First: Qi Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang Title: Digital service innovation, customer engagement, and customer equity in AR marketing Abstract: Service innovation with digital technology such as augmented reality allows brands to deliver additional values to customers, as interactions between brand and customer improve a brand’s performance. However, there is little research on digital service innovation and its impact on customer behavior. Thus, the authors focus on digital service innovation and aim to answer whether it plays a role in positive customer response. This study examines the relationship between digital service innovation, customer engagement, and customer equity. The findings of this study show that digital service innovation helps improve customer engagement, which also leads to customer equity. Finally, the authors discuss academic and managerial implications. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 453-466 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1923054 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1923054 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:453-466 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Gruen Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Gruen Author-Name: Daniel Corsten Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Corsten Title: Accessibility and availability: A cross-cultural study of shopper responses to online retail stock-outs Abstract: Accessibility of products in online retail is an expected part of the shopper experience journey. Frequent products are not accessible due to non-availability. Introduced by Sheth and Sisodia, the 4A’s framework articulates how success in any marketing program depends on four dimensions: Awareness, Acceptability, Affordability, and Accessibility. This article demonstrates how, like dominos fall, marketing investments can fail when the final 4A’s stage, Accessibility, is not adequately addressed in online retailing. Surveying more than 2,000 shoppers across five European and Asian countries that encountered a non-available item while shopping online for one of six fast-moving consumer goods categories, the research study examines shoppers’ switching behavior when Accessibility has been interrupted in the purchasing stage of the customer journey. The overall goal is to better understand how shoppers change their behavior, and it examines a variety of causes that drive switching behavior, whether it be to switch stores, switch brands, or switch intentions when the item they desired is unavailable. Switching behavior was found to vary greatly among the five countries, but less between categories, and switching was greatly affected by the way shoppers encountered the non-available item. The study concludes with recommendations to address Accessibility both in product availability and shoppers’ transaction costs. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 415-432 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1924819 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1924819 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:415-432 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicolas Hamelin Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas Author-X-Name-Last: Hamelin Author-Name: Suchi Agrawal Author-X-Name-First: Suchi Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal Author-Name: Nitin Patwa Author-X-Name-First: Nitin Author-X-Name-Last: Patwa Author-Name: Lars-Erik Casper Ferm Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Casper Ferm Author-Name: Park Thaichon Author-X-Name-First: Park Author-X-Name-Last: Thaichon Title: Package appearance matter: Facial expression and Galvanic Skin Response analysis approach Abstract: This study reveals the importance of package design and brand in the choice of over-the-counter (OTC) analgesic. Various packages for analgesic products were tested on 40 respondents and autonomic body reactions were measured. The product tested was private Australian brands of Paracetamol from Coles and Woolworth, Priceline, a chemist brand, Herron a local brand and finally the well-known global brand Panadol. Eye tracking, facial expression analysis as well as Galvanic Skin response were found in strong correlation with respondent preference and purchasing intention. A heat map analysis for each package reveals that for most of the products the focus was not on the price. Time to First Fixation (TTFF) revealed that the eye fixation on price came last with the time spent looking at the price was low as compared to the time spent on the other areas of the packaging and this for both males and females. For most of the drugs, the focus (time spent) is majorly on the brand name and the benefits and tablet usage information. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 624-644 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1939094 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1939094 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:624-644 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Morris B. Holbrook Author-X-Name-First: Morris B. Author-X-Name-Last: Holbrook Title: Commentary: Consumption experiences, customer value, subjective personal introspection, the photographic essay, and semiological/hermeneutic interpretation Abstract: This commentary revisits an oft-cited paper published in the Journal of Business Research, reviews the themes contained therein, speculates on why the paper garnered more than the usual attention from marketing and consumer researchers, and offers some suggestions as to where the relevant issues and ideas might lead in the future. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 663-675 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808822 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808822 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:663-675 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ali Alikhani Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Alikhani Author-Name: Pooria Mokhtarian Author-X-Name-First: Pooria Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian Title: Impact of brand personality traits on customer’s brand commitment (case study: NIVEA hygienic products) Abstract: Present research studies the impact of brand personality traits on customer commitment to the Brand as one of customer behaviour indicators by measuring variables like sincerity, excitement, sophistication, peacefulness, and competence. Tehran hygienic products customers of NIVEA (at least 1–3 years consumption) is the statistical population of this research and due to the unspecific volume of the statistical population the sampling was determined by Cochran Formula (n-384). In this vein, the random cluster sampling method has been used and research data has been collected with designed standard and structured questionnaire. To accomplish this; a conceptual framework is developed and evaluated as follow: For data analysis on inferential level structural equation modelling has been used. The type of research is practical, data type is quantitative, data collection type is descriptive and in terms of determining the relationship between variables is correlation. The result demonstrates a significant relationship between brand personality and Brand commitment, due to the direct positive relationship among sincerity, excitement, sophistication, peacefulness, Competence variables and Brand commitment. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 543-562 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808808 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808808 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:543-562 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pranay Verma Author-X-Name-First: Pranay Author-X-Name-Last: Verma Title: The effect of materialism, satisfaction and trust upon attitudinal loyalty: The case of denims Abstract: This paper investigates if attitudinal loyalty can be determined by materialism, satisfaction and trust of customers. Data collected from 721 Indian consumers were empirically tested using SEM for the reliability of the measurement model and relationships between constructs. This pioneer study demonstrates the assimilated influence of materialism, satisfaction and trust upon attitudinal loyalty. This research finds that materialism is significantly related to satisfaction. Satisfaction is also significantly associated with both trust and attitudinal loyalty. Further, trust was positively linked to attitudinal loyalty. Attitudinal loyalty varies with customer’s age and frequency of purchase, while trust varies due to gender, place of purchase, jeans life and cohabitance. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 467-486 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808804 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808804 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:467-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aji Cahya Nusantara Author-X-Name-First: Aji Cahya Author-X-Name-Last: Nusantara Author-Name: Michael Volgger Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Volgger Author-Name: Christof Pforr Author-X-Name-First: Christof Author-X-Name-Last: Pforr Title: Evaluating the complex impact of policy changes on tourism development: The case of Surakarta, Indonesia Abstract: This paper discusses a recent political transition which led to changes in tourism development of the Indonesian city of Surakarta, and shifted the focus from preserving cultural uniqueness to boosting mainstream tourism infrastructure. The paper investigates impacts of such a fundamental change in tourism development policy and explores how its actions- and results-related impacts are evaluated by stakeholders. In this context, the paper adopts a relativistic stakeholder approach to impact evaluation. Findings reveal that the stark policy shift generated relatively balanced outcome assessments by interviewed stakeholders, although they criticised a lack of involvement in the decision-making process. Overall, this research contributes to impact assessment research by lending support to a relativistic and activity/process-based view. Stakeholder involvement into decision-making not only supports a continuous and critical evaluation due to the presence of a multitude of voices, but seemingly provides a counter-balance to sudden ruptures which characterize political dynamics. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 614-623 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1935291 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1935291 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:614-623 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: v-v Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1980992 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1980992 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:v-v Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Oliver Cruz-Milán Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz-Milán Author-Name: Veysel Avsar Author-X-Name-First: Veysel Author-X-Name-Last: Avsar Title: Evaluating the effects of an online marketing program: The case of Mexico’s national tourism promotion board Abstract: Given some of the limitations of survey-based methodologies to assess tourism advertising and promotional programs, the objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of Mexico’s tourism promotion board campaigns executed through digital media channels between 2012 and 2017 using a quasi-experimental, longitudinal design. A difference-in-difference model is estimated to compare the tourism inflow from countries before and after receiving the online promotion (treatment) with a control group of countries that did not receive it, controlling for demographic and economic variables that influence tourism inflow. The study results and return on investment estimations demonstrate that the digital advertising campaign has a significant effect on annual international visitor arrivals, underscoring the importance of employing cost-effectiveness metrics to determine the impact of marketing investments. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 645-662 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808824 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808824 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:645-662 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sooyun Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sooyun Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Sunmee Choi Author-X-Name-First: Sunmee Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Author-Name: Geebum Park Author-X-Name-First: Geebum Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Yeonjoo Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yeonjoo Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Configurations of cognitive and affective responses forming customer attitudes toward a luxury brand Abstract: Although most relationships are not symmetrical but interrelated, studies on the antecedents of customer attitude using SOR framework have focussed on the main effects and primacy issues of particular predictors, such as cognitive and affective responses, and few studies have examined configuration effects of cognitive and affective responses during shopping. To fill this gap in the research, this study elucidate on the combined effect of cognitive responses, affective responses and personal traits, which have been identified as important moderators for customer attitude, on customer attitude toward the brand, particularly in the luxury fashion retail context. Employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), which is a set-theoretic method, this study offers six combination patterns of cognitive responses, affective responses, and personal traits leading to customer’s positive attitude toward a luxury brand. Results of six combinations show three major findings as follows: (1) cognitive responses are more important than affective responses, (2) avoiding negative emotions is more important than evoking positive emotions, and (3) the combinations leading to positive attitudes differ by the level of brand familiarity. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 598-613 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808826 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808826 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:598-613 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gladys Stephen Author-X-Name-First: Gladys Author-X-Name-Last: Stephen Author-Name: Daniel Inbaraj Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Inbaraj Author-Name: Anbuudayasankar S. P. Author-X-Name-First: Anbuudayasankar Author-X-Name-Last: S. P. Author-Name: Poongkundran T. Author-X-Name-First: Poongkundran Author-X-Name-Last: T. Title: Investigating the influence of audiences’ movie-viewing motives on attitude towards brand placement in movies Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to examine the role of audience movie-viewing motives in influencing brand placement value and thereby attitude towards brand placement. For this study, 450 respondents were chosen as the sample size. The model was developed and tested using PLS-SEM where audience attitude towards brand placement was studied using audience movie-viewing motives and the antecedents of brand placement value. The study reveals that movie-viewing audiences with social escapism motivation develop a favourable attitude towards brand placement because of the perceived informativeness and credibility of brand placement and information motivation of audiences results in a favourable attitude towards brand placement because of perceived informativeness, entertainment and credibility of brand placement. Also, viewers who watch movie frequently are driven by social escapism motivation and less frequent group by information motivation. Future research avenues and implications for managers are further discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 487-510 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808813 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808813 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:487-510 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tetsuma Emmaru Author-X-Name-First: Tetsuma Author-X-Name-Last: Emmaru Title: Consumer recognition of department store business category in Japan: Comparing consideration of store image to the shopping center Abstract: Japanese department stores constitute one of the leading retail categories in the world, influencing business models of retailers in the Pacific Rim countries, and especially those in Asia. However, most Japanese consumers recognize that the department stores category is declining. Department stores are confounded by other retail categories. However, despite many technical and non-technical publications on the subject, few Japanese marketing studies focus on this disconnect. Through a consumer behavior study, the competitiveness of department stores is compared with other retail business categories. An online survey identifies the types of stores perceived as department stores by consumers, and the factors they consider when evaluating this category. The results of the fuzzy set analysis based on factor analyses of store choice and brand attachment show that department store patronage is affected by store environment perceptions, cognitive affinity perceptions, attachment perceptions, admiration perceptions, and non-monetary price perceptions. The findings of fuzzy set analysis also clarify how department stores attract consumers. Strategy recommendations for department store based on these results are provided. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 526-542 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808805 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808805 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:526-542 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter J. Boyle Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Boyle Author-Name: E. Scott Lathrop Author-X-Name-First: E. Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Lathrop Author-Name: Hyoshin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Hyoshin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Store brand vs. national brand prices: Willingness to pay ≠ willingness to accept Abstract: Determining the appropriate price for store brands relative to national brands is important. When setting the price, consumers’ perceptions of price and quality need to be considered. Two past approaches employed by store brand researchers to reveal consumers’ value of store brands include asking either: (1) the price discount they would need to be offered to switch from a national brand to a store brand (a measure of “willingness-to-accept”); or (2) the price premium they would be willing to pay to switch from a store brand to a national brand (a measure of “willingness-to-pay”). Research in other domains reveals that willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimates can diverge. We formally tested whether WTA estimates differ from WTP estimates elicited from consumers with respect to store and national brand prices. As predicted, WTA price estimates exceeded those of WTP. This pattern held regardless of whether product-quality equivalence of store and national brands was explicitly provided to respondents or whether respondents were free to make their own assumptions of product quality. Implications for private label researchers and product brand managers are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 563-579 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808820 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808820 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:563-579 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dayun Jeong Author-X-Name-First: Dayun Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Title: The influence of consumers’ self-concept and perceived value on sustainable fashion Abstract: Sustainable fashion is an emergent concept introduced to resolve the issues emanating from the clashes between the fast fashion production model and consumers and to establish a healthy relationship between the two. However, studies show that there are inconsistencies between the attitudes and behaviors of consumers regarding sustainability; sustainable fashion has not been found to lead to a shift in consumer behavior despite improved consumer awareness on the subject. In response, researchers claim that each consumer type’s consumption behavior towards sustainable fashion and their underlying characteristics need to be identified to understand the influences of their purchase intentions for sustainable fashion. This study investigates the relationship between self-concept and lifestyle so as to identify basic consumer attitudes and behaviors toward sustainable fashion, and also analyzes the effect of self-concept and perceived values on fashion lifestyle and consumption intention to identify each consumer type and suggest ways to induce the desired buying behavior. Data from people with prior knowledge or experience in sustainable fashion were collected through an online survey, and analyzed. The study found different influences on consumers’ fashion choices according to their distinct self-concepts, and that the subdivisions of CPV affect different degrees of purchase intention. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 511-525 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1885303 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1885303 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:511-525 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heejung Son Author-X-Name-First: Heejung Author-X-Name-Last: Son Author-Name: Jihyun Lee Author-X-Name-First: Jihyun Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Does online shopping make people feel better? The therapeutic effect of online shopping on Korean female consumers’ mood, self-esteem, and self-efficacy : Based on the context of fashion product shopping Abstract: This study investigates the influence of online shopping on Korean female consumers’ negative mood, positive mood, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. Study 1 compared two groups of respondents. The experimental group engaged in online shopping (so-called, “retail therapy”) and the control group rested. The results indicated that online shopping significantly improved subjects’ negative and positive moods and self-efficacy. The results revealed that online shopping was significant and stronger than resting in mitigating a negative mood, but only online shopping improved self-efficacy. Study 2 included an online browsing group and demonstrated that online browsing had a significant effect on subjects’ negative moods. Comparing the three groups revealed that the effect of online shopping on improving both negative and positive moods had the most significant and strongest effect. Furthermore, only online shopping improved self-efficacy. The results of this study provides academic and managerial insights about online retail therapy. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 580-597 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808821 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808821 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:31:y:2021:i:4:p:580-597 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sandeep Basnyat Author-X-Name-First: Sandeep Author-X-Name-Last: Basnyat Author-Name: I Tong Elvi Ho Author-X-Name-First: I Tong Elvi Author-X-Name-Last: Ho Title: Food and tourist experiences: Insights from Macau Abstract: Despite acknowledging that tourists are the primary actor in food-tourism activities, how their experiences are influenced and created by the consumption of food in their traveling destination is largely ignored. Filling this gap, this research examines how the food that tourists consume in a destination help create tourist experiences. The data for this study were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 tourists in Macau, China who were willing to share their dining experiences. The findings of this study reveal that food that tourist consumes in a destination has the potential to create tourist experience holistically by creating unique and memorable traveling as well as dining experiences. The implications of the findings for the tourism industry are provided. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 97-113 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808835 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808835 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:97-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Po-Ju Chen Author-X-Name-First: Po-Ju Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Lianping Ren Author-X-Name-First: Lianping Author-X-Name-Last: Ren Author-Name: Xiangping Li Author-X-Name-First: Xiangping Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Fiona X. Yang Author-X-Name-First: Fiona X. Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Advances in tourism behavior & retailing introduction to a special issue in Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science (JGSMS) Abstract: This introduction reviews current issues in tourist behaviors and retailing. The article furthers the retailing shopping framework and its application to consumer behavior in general and tourism and retailing in particular. A summary of each of the six articles that follow appears. The article extends a note of appreciation to the members of the special editorial board for this issue. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-15 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808854 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808854 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:1-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chung-Shing Chan Author-X-Name-First: Chung-Shing Author-X-Name-Last: Chan Author-Name: Chan Yat-Hang Author-X-Name-First: Chan Author-X-Name-Last: Yat-Hang Author-Name: Fong Tsz Heung Agnes Author-X-Name-First: Fong Author-X-Name-Last: Tsz Heung Agnes Title: Promoting game-based e-Learning through urban tourism scenario game from the evaluation of knowledge-attitude-usability effectiveness Abstract: This paper introduces a platform of Urban Tourism Scenario Game, which is created to enhance the teaching-learning process of tourism geography and planning through a scenario-based game of a hypothetical city under urban tourism development. This study evaluates and compares the effectiveness of the game in terms of knowledge enrichment, attitudinal changes and usability of the game platform rated by the groups of undergraduate student participants. The overall effectiveness of the game is generally found positive. Paired-sample t-test results indicate that the users have significant positive changes in the dimension of knowledge. Cluster analysis identified two participant groups, namely active-cognitive and knowledge-focused learners, which indicated their different aspects of effectiveness from either game-based or discussion learning. This urban tourism scenario game raises students’ learning interests more than acting as a substitute for traditional lecturing. Game-based learning in this urban tourism platform has opened the potential to lead to attitudinal changes by simulating and presenting real-world environments similar to other areas in geography education. Given an arguably lack of clear pattern of the learning enhancement, it is critical that game-based teaching should still be incorporated with other instructional classroom activities to deliver effective knowledge transfer. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 16-35 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808831 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808831 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:16-35 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chan Wai Hung Wilco Author-X-Name-First: Chan Wai Hung Author-X-Name-Last: Wilco Author-Name: Jim Luo Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Luo Author-Name: Carol Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Carol Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Andy Kuo Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Kuo Title: Acupuncture as a new cultural tourism product in Greater Bay Area – Stakeholders’ perspectives Abstract: Qi is a body network other than blood, nerve and lymph network being recognized by western medication and is identified by Chinese in thousand years ago. However, Qi network still remains relatively vague in the eyes of many scientists and people nowadays, despite the fact that Americans are adopting acupuncture as one of the medical treatments. Presently, a growing number of international tourists were found to be interested in learning more about the Chinese culture, particularly the Qi and acupuncture. It is conceivable that a combination of Qi knowledge and therapy devices can turn into an additional tourism attraction in China for international tourists. Interviews with specialists were conducted to receive valuable stakeholders’ viewpoints about the barriers and alternatives to develop the proposed tourism product. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 114-128 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808842 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808842 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:114-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huijun Yang Author-X-Name-First: Huijun Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Lantian Xia Author-X-Name-First: Lantian Author-X-Name-Last: Xia Title: Leading the sharing economy: An exploration on how perceived value affecting customers’ satisfaction and willingness to pay by using DiDi Abstract: This study aims to explore the factors affecting customers’ satisfaction and willingness to pay by using DiDi Chuxing (DiDi) in China. A total of 415 valid questionnaires were collected. Data were analysed by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and multiple regression. Five factors identified to have affected customers’ satisfaction and willingness to pay are Emotional Value, Economic Value, Social Value, Service Value, and Functional Value. Demographic profile towards these five factors reveals several significant differences. This study contributes to the operation of sharing-economy companies, service improvements of drivers and customer experience, market segmentation and formulation of marketing strategies. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 54-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808833 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808833 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:54-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jieqi Guan Author-X-Name-First: Jieqi Author-X-Name-Last: Guan Author-Name: Sandy Hou in Sio Author-X-Name-First: Sandy Hou in Author-X-Name-Last: Sio Author-Name: Carlos Noronha Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Noronha Title: Value co-creation through corporate social responsibility in a typical controversial industry: Evidence from Macao Abstract: This paper explores the social values that are created through corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in the gaming tourism industry, and how the industry players use CSR disclosure as a communication channel with their stakeholders. This research applies the content analysis method and collects data from annual reports, sustainability/social reports and corporate websites of all gaming operators in Macao from 2011 to 2017. The results are tied to the Macao government’s report on the gaming tourism industry and the CSR reporting guidelines promulgated by the industry’s regulatory bodies. Further analysis is conducted based on public statistical data to quantify the social value co-created by the industry players with their stakeholders. The findings show that sustainability of enterprises in the gaming tourism industry is created through the participation of various stakeholder groups, such as consumers/customers, government, community, suppliers and employees. This is one of the first studies on value co-creation via CSR disclosure based on companies in the gaming tourism industry, especially in a region under the “one country, two systems” regime. Furthermore, this study pioneers in exploring how companies use CSR reporting to enhance their image and restore social values from their gaming operations which represent a typical controversial sector integrated with tourism. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 36-53 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808832 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808832 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:36-53 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chloe K. H. Lau Author-X-Name-First: Chloe K. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lau Author-Name: Jun Huang Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Sandra Y. P. Feng Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Y. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Hanqin Qiu Author-X-Name-First: Hanqin Author-X-Name-Last: Qiu Title: Profiling trusted information sources for Chinese tourists traveling to Pacific SIDS Abstract: This study investigates the information sources of the Chinese outbound tourists traveling to Pacific Small Island Developing States (SIDS). SIDS have the least experience with Chinese tourism in the region, but they are experiencing some of the highest growth rates of this important and lucrative market. A two-stage qualitative approach involving face-to-face elements and online technologies was adopted to study the case of the Cook Islands. Through five focus group interviews and a 3-month Web content analysis, this study determined the information channels trusted by the Chinese tourists and the differences in review contents generated by users or the management of destination marketing organization. Results show that the Internet is the most popular travel information source for Chinese tourists with preferred and trusted platforms, namely, Sina Weibo, Qyer, Mafengwo, and TripAdvisor, for practical and helpful information for travel decision making. The dendrogram mapping of the marketer- and user-generated contents of web content analysis reveals a travel information gap involving subjective opinions and mismatched positioning. Tourism planners, operators, and marketers are recommended to consider the negative comments to help improve the products and packages. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 77-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808834 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808834 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:77-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shohei Takamatsu Author-X-Name-First: Shohei Author-X-Name-Last: Takamatsu Title: The relationship between sponsorship objectives and sport team reputation among sponsor companies: An exploratory study focusing on sponsors of a Japanese professional women’s volleyball club Abstract: This study explored the relationship between sponsorship objectives and sport team reputation from the perspective of companies. Our data were based on a questionnaire sent to sponsors of Victorina Himeji, which is a professional women’s volleyball club in Japan. One hundred ninety-four companies completed a survey about sponsorship objectives, sport team reputation, and sponsorship satisfaction. We conducted factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, and a two-way analysis of variance to examine the research questions. The results demonstrated that sponsorship objectives were composed of three factors (marketing objectives, corporate objectives, and team involvement). They were classified into a “highly valued” cluster and a “lowly valued” cluster. The t-test showed that the “highly valued” cluster was significantly higher than the “lowly valued” cluster in all variables except for spectator-orientation. Furthermore, comparing sport team reputation of each cluster with sponsorship satisfaction showed that the more satisfied the sponsorship of both clusters, the higher the sport team reputation. This study concludes that sponsorship objectives are important for both sponsors and sport teams. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 252-268 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1914128 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1914128 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:252-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bing Pan Author-X-Name-First: Bing Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Author-Name: Wayne W. Smith Author-X-Name-First: Wayne W. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Stephen W. Litvin Author-X-Name-First: Stephen W. Author-X-Name-Last: Litvin Author-Name: Yulan Yuan Author-X-Name-First: Yulan Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan Author-Name: Arch Woodside Author-X-Name-First: Arch Author-X-Name-Last: Woodside Title: Ethnic bias and design factors impact response rates of online travel surveys Abstract: Low response rates are pointed as a critical problem in online travel surveys. Tourism researchers need to strive to find ways to increase response rates in order to improve the surveys’ coverage as well as representativeness. Through an experiment, this paper specifically examines the design factors that provide social clues in online survey, and the timing of the solicitation. The results indicated that solicitations sent with a researcher’s Western name induced dramatically more responses (>60%) than did the same solicitation sent with a Chinese name; the attachment of an authoritative title for the Chinese researcher did not mitigate the problem; surveys sent out on Saturday with a reminder on Monday generated the highest response rate; among the variations tested, wording of the solicitation email’s subject line had insignificant impact on response rates. Details of the experiment and an explanation of results based upon underlying social factors are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 129-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:129-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miao Miao Author-X-Name-First: Miao Author-X-Name-Last: Miao Title: Habitual mobile shopping behavior in China and Vietnam—applying complexity theory via fsQCA Abstract: Mobile shoppers’ purchase intention is affected not only by products or the shopping environment but also by shopping application (app) features. In this study, we adopted complexity theory to explore how the use of shopping apps is affected by complex causal factors including user demographics, shopping situations, and conscious or unconscious attitudes and behaviors. We conducted a cross-cultural survey of 425 Vietnamese and 469 Chinese mobile shoppers. A fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis was used to examine the relationship between antecedents and outcomes depending on complex conditions in the given contexts. The results showed that the continuous usage intention of a shopping app is not influenced by one factor alone but by complex conditions including a shopper’s satisfaction and habitual activities via two particular features of a shopping app. This study offers multiple ways to enhance continued usage by targeting various users via habitual activities based on their cultural values, demographics, and shopping situations. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 313-329 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1966316 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1966316 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:313-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. M. Rakib Ul Hasan Author-X-Name-First: H. M. Rakib Ul Author-X-Name-Last: Hasan Author-Name: Mijeong Noh Author-X-Name-First: Mijeong Author-X-Name-Last: Noh Author-Name: Adah Ward Randolph Author-X-Name-First: Adah Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Randolph Title: Diagnostic analysis of US fashion brand’s Bangladeshi outsourcing Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine Bangladesh’s performance as an outsourcing destination from the perspectives of buyers and suppliers involved in a representative US apparel company which has outsourced from Bangladesh. This study employed a sequential mixed method research design which consisted of quantitative evaluation and qualitative interviews. The sample was comprised of three buyers and three suppliers in the Phillip’s Van-Heusen (PVH). From the results of quantitative evaluation, it was found that Bangladesh has a greater advantage in the cost and quality clusters than Vietnam. The interviews revealed that the US buyers have some concerns in geographic location, trade restrictions, country’s political situation, warranty policies, and currency exchange situations. To strengthen Bangladeshi capability, Bangladeshi government’s investment to improve facilities, nomination of supplier’s backward linkage, improvement of manufacturing capacity, running improvement programs, negotiation to reduce tariff, and building mutual trust between buyers and suppliers were suggested. These diagnosis results provide the US buyers and the Bangladeshi suppliers with not only valuable information on the current status of Bangladesh’s performance but guidance to successful strategies for improvement of outsourcing performance. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 162-179 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808829 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808829 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:162-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chang-Won Choi Author-X-Name-First: Chang-Won Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Title: Cross-cultural comparisons of popular YouTube ads: A content analysis of YouTube video ads in the U.S. and South Korea Abstract: This study examined whether online video ads in the U.S. and South Korea reflect their cultural values in the same way as traditional advertising has shown. A content analysis was conducted on popular YouTube video ads in both countries. Surprisingly, the results from the current research were somewhat inconsistent with the previous research results in mass media advertising. Most of the frequencies of advertising appeals of popular online video ads on YouTube in South Korea were not significantly different from those in the U.S., despite cultural differences between the two countries. Popular online video advertising might be more likely to reflect the individual and emotional characteristics of online video advertising rather than cultural values. Implications for international research on online video advertising were discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 145-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808828 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808828 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:145-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arpita Khare Author-X-Name-First: Arpita Author-X-Name-Last: Khare Author-Name: Pradeep Kautish Author-X-Name-First: Pradeep Author-X-Name-Last: Kautish Title: Antecedents to green apparel purchase behavior of Indian consumers Abstract: The current study examines the influence of innovativeness theory-based consumer independent judgment making (CIJM), novelty-seeking behavior (CNS), green apparel knowledge (GAK) and green apparel perceived effectiveness (GAPE) on green apparel purchase behavior (GAPB) in an emerging economy, i.e., India. The covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were employed. A mall intercept method was used for data collection across 10 cities in India. A total of 450 responses were obtained through a structured questionnaire. Results indicated that green apparel perceived effectiveness (GAPE) and green apparel knowledge (GAK) had a positive influence on Indian consumers’ green apparel purchase behavior (GAPB). Consumer innovativeness construct of consumer independent judgment making (CIJM) and novelty-seeking behavior (CNS) had no positive impact on green apparel purchase behavior (GAPB). The findings can help green apparel manufacturers, environmentalists, and marketers to focus on prominently communicating the environment-related benefits of green apparels. Green clothing benefits may be improved by incorporating new fashion, designs, fabrics, and trendy styles. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 222-251 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1885301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1885301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:222-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Takumi Kato Author-X-Name-First: Takumi Author-X-Name-Last: Kato Title: Consumer response tendency and its implications for satisfaction and recommendation intention Abstract: It is important to understand customer satisfaction and loyalty from the perspective of business and services. However, when comparing these indicators among multiple services, it is doubtful whether superiority or inferiority in customer satisfaction and loyalty is due to different levels of service quality. In other words, there is a possibility that consumer response tendency may differ depending on the service and the attributes of the respondent. Few academic studies address response tendency in this context. This study filled this gap in the literature and clarify response tendency by service type, which has not been sufficiently addressed until now. This study evaluates the response tendencies of satisfaction and recommendation intention by service and respondent using an integrated survey covering 20 types of services. As a result of one-way analysis of variance, a high score was confirmed for the car sharing and streaming industries, for which consumer recommendations are incorporated into services, and the moving industry scored highly due to a high level of transparency in operations. Additionally, the younger generation, who habitually post recommendations on social networks, showed a significantly higher recommendation intention. This study shows that understanding respond tendency in advance and excluding bias from data provides truer results. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 269-284 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1945940 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1945940 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:269-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thilini Chathurika Gamage Author-X-Name-First: Thilini Chathurika Author-X-Name-Last: Gamage Author-Name: Kayhan Tajeddini Author-X-Name-First: Kayhan Author-X-Name-Last: Tajeddini Author-Name: Omid Tajeddini Author-X-Name-First: Omid Author-X-Name-Last: Tajeddini Title: Why Chinese travelers use WeChat to make hotel choice decisions: A uses and gratifications theory perspective Abstract: WeChat, a Chinese multi-purpose messaging, social media, and mobile payment app, is an emerging social media platform that has been integrated into the daily lives of Chinese people, including travel. However, despite the growing proliferation of WeChat, surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the gratifications obtained by Chinese travelers when using WeChat in travel-related decision-making. Adopting the well-grounded Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT), this exploratory research paper aims to address this void in prior literature and identify why and how Chinese millennial travelers use WeChat to make hotel choice decisions. Findings stemmed from the semi-structured interviews using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling approaches with eighteen WeChat users reveals that hotel choice decisions through WeChat are influenced by various social, process, and content gratifications. As indicated in our findings, hotels in China should be aware of gratifications obtained by travelers in stimulating them to utilize WeChat in the hotel selection process. Further, our study contributes to extant UGT literature by emphasizing that it has specific relevance and should be given more prominence within tourism, hospitality, and social media literature. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 285-312 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1961599 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1961599 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:285-312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Atanas Nikolov Author-X-Name-First: Atanas Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolov Author-Name: Plamen Peev Author-X-Name-First: Plamen Author-X-Name-Last: Peev Author-Name: Mihail Miletkov Author-X-Name-First: Mihail Author-X-Name-Last: Miletkov Title: Chief marketing officers and firm performance: A multinational perspective on the value relevance of the chief marketer Abstract: The authors examine the effect of the presence of a chief marketing officer (CMO) in the top management team on firm performance and explore the performance implications of the CMO function worldwide by using a data set of publicly traded companies from 93 countries from all continents. The article draws on upper echelons theory and the structure-conduct-performance (SCP) literature and focuses on the differences in performance across public companies contingent on corporate organizational structure complexity, uncertainty avoidance, and the degree of firm globalization. The findings show evidence of a positive effect of CMO presence in the worldwide sample, as well as nuanced pathways of impact, mainly through the effects of organizational structure complexity and country level uncertainty avoidance on the value relevance of the CMO in the corporation. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 180-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808830 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808830 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:180-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rouxelle De Villiers Author-X-Name-First: Rouxelle Author-X-Name-Last: De Villiers Author-Name: Pornchanoke Tipgomut Author-X-Name-First: Pornchanoke Author-X-Name-Last: Tipgomut Author-Name: Alexandra Claudia Hess Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Claudia Author-X-Name-Last: Hess Title: The adoption journey of QCA as research method: A meta-analysis of a decade in marketing academic literature Abstract: This study conceptualizes the adoption process for new technology-based research methodologies. Using the case of “qualitative comparative analysis” (QCA) we apply several theoretical frameworks and identify champions of the adoption of the new methodology. The paper draws upon 216 articles across 36 A*- and A-ranked journals listed in the Scopus database. The study conceptualizes the adoption process as follows: inception (inventor)→ domain-specific multi-level elaboration (innovators) → diffusion (champions; domain-specific advocates) → production (developers) → mass acceptance (majority) and adds the impact of various role-players to existing models. Additionally, this study shows how seven scholars acted as early innovators to champion the acceptance of QCA. The study recommends a model for full idea adoption with four tipping points. The paper extends both methodology and QCA research and helps inform improvements in research and practice by identifying gaps in the idea adoption journey not yet covered by the extant literature. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 198-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808840 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808840 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:2:p:198-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nuno Martins Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Author-Name: Sérgio Dominique-Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio Author-X-Name-Last: Dominique-Ferreira Author-Name: Cátia Lopes Author-X-Name-First: Cátia Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes Title: Design and development of a digital platform for seasonal jobs: Improving the hiring process Abstract: The seasonality of employment in tourism consists of challenges of hiring. The primary goal of this study was to develop a digital recruitment platform for the tourism industry. A two-step multidimensional approach was applied to the challenge. The first step was based on benchmarking and interviews with key stakeholders. The second step was based on visual identity factors, prototyping, and usability tests. Authors found that it was possible to develop a simple and intuitive digital platform that positively adjusted the dynamic hiring process for seasonal jobs. Improvements to the platform should include new metrics, such as evaluation of candidates who used this platform previously, based on different elements, such as emotional intelligence. In this way, profile matching could be optimized, and the platform tool would become more robust and useful. This study’s medium- and high-fidelity models of a digital platform to be utilized in human resources tasks are the new additions to toolkits that may streamline HR functions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 452-469 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808851 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808851 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:452-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sérgio Dominique-Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio Author-X-Name-Last: Dominique-Ferreira Author-Name: Benilda Queirós Rodrigues Author-X-Name-First: Benilda Queirós Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues Author-Name: Rui José Braga Author-X-Name-First: Rui José Author-X-Name-Last: Braga Title: Personal marketing and the recruitment and selection process: Hiring attributes and particularities in tourism and hospitality Abstract: The competitiveness of the labour market is a critical challenge for future professionals. This work intends to analyse the importance of personal marketing in the professionalization of human resources, as well as the most valued skills in the labour market. For this purpose, sample was composed of recent graduates in tourism/hospitality and other areas (for comparison). The main results show that using personal marketing techniques in job search, develop a personal brand and digital social strategically are perceived as key in the tourism industry. This work enables academic institutions to better adjust tourism degree programmes, as well as a more efficient programme assessment and evaluation. It also provides employees valuable information to be more competitive in the labour market. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 351-371 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808845 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:351-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nuno Martins Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Author-Name: Sérgio Dominique-Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio Author-X-Name-Last: Dominique-Ferreira Author-Name: Carla Pinheiro Author-X-Name-First: Carla Author-X-Name-Last: Pinheiro Title: Bridging tourism, architecture, and sustainability: Design and development of an app for contemporary architecture built in Portugal Abstract: Contemporary architecture has an increasing importance in tourism. The marketing implications of digital or mobile content in this niche tourism space has not been previously studied. With this project we aim to build a mobile app to cater to this market and show that it can positively impact tourism in Portugal. A two-step multidimensional approach was applied to achieve this goal. The first step was based on benchmarking, as well as interviews with two architects. The second step was based on visual identity factors, prototyping, and usability tests. We found that it was possible to develop an intuitive app that positively adjusted to the needs and preferences of future users. Improvements to the platform should include new metrics, blog links, and augmented reality. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 493-510 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808853 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808853 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:493-510 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sérgio Dominique-Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio Author-X-Name-Last: Dominique-Ferreira Author-Name: Rui José Braga Author-X-Name-First: Rui José Author-X-Name-Last: Braga Author-Name: Benilda Queirós Rodrigues Author-X-Name-First: Benilda Queirós Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues Title: Role and effect of traditional markets: The internationally awarded case of Barcelos Abstract: Social, economic, and environment sustainability are more than ever hot topics. Because of their importance in this context, we examine how and why traditional markets play such a critical role in local as well as regional development and sustainability, along with their respective effects. We use a single case methodology based on the internationally awarded case of Barcelos (a northern region of Portugal). The main results show that the traditional market of Barcelos plays a critical role in the region, especially with respect to socioeconomic, environmental, and political and administrative effects. To optimize the role and influence of this traditional market, authors suggest the application of artificial intelligence. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 470-492 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808852 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808852 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:470-492 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ying Chen Author-X-Name-First: Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Catherine Prentice Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Prentice Author-Name: Scott Weaven Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Weaven Author-Name: Aaron Hsiao Author-X-Name-First: Aaron Author-X-Name-Last: Hsiao Title: A systematic literature review of AI in the sharing economy Abstract: Although artificial intelligence (AI) has been adopted in sharing economy platforms, few studies have investigated this phenomenon in this context. Consequently, there is no thorough overview of how AI has been used in the sharing economy. To address this research gap, a systematic literature review was performed for this paper. This method can be useful for the exploration of new and emerging trends within disciplines and allows boundaries to be mapped on what is known thereby identifying gaps on what is yet to be known. After screening, 28 English journal articles were selected in a qualitative synthesis. Results show AI can help the sharing economy platforms by enhancing trust, matching assets, and understanding participants’ preferences and attitudes. Based on these findings, potential directions are established. The current study will contribute to both the sharing economy and AI literature, and the results may help practitioners and academia to achieve a greater understanding of this topic. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 434-451 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808850 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808850 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:434-451 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Aswin Winardi Author-X-Name-First: Michael Aswin Author-X-Name-Last: Winardi Author-Name: Catherine Prentice Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Prentice Author-Name: Scott Weaven Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Weaven Title: Systematic literature review on emotional intelligence and conflict management Abstract: A systematic literature review of 29 emotional intelligence (EI) studies was performed, to examine where the studies were undertaken and what were the outcomes. The study further provides insights into what conflicts occur in organizations, what measurement tools have been employed to resolve conflicts, and to identify if EI has been utilized in conflict resolution. The results show that geography and culture were influential in solving conflicts and reflect the emotional intelligence of employees when responding to many types of organizational conflicts. There is also the suggestion that conflict management styles can help to resolve conflicts and that emotional intelligence can be a key means to resolving conflict. These findings allow us to develop a clearer picture of the current state of research within emotional intelligence and conflict management to propose future lines of research to complement the existing gaps in the field. Discussion highlights the practical implications and in conclusion, the limitations of this study are offered for researchers and practitioners. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 372-397 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808847 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808847 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:372-397 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shane Mathews Author-X-Name-First: Shane Author-X-Name-Last: Mathews Author-Name: Catherine Prentice Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Prentice Author-Name: Alice Tsou Author-X-Name-First: Alice Author-X-Name-Last: Tsou Author-Name: Clinton Weeks Author-X-Name-First: Clinton Author-X-Name-Last: Weeks Author-Name: Lisa Tam Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Tam Author-Name: Edwina Luck Author-X-Name-First: Edwina Author-X-Name-Last: Luck Title: Managing eWOM for hotel performance Abstract: Electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) is an important marketing tool for achieving positive customer-related outcomes and firm performance. However, eWOM management is not well understood. This study explores how eWOM management can be utilized to optimize firm performance. Using a multiple case study approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with senior managers who were involved in the management of eWOM from nine hotels, and their websites and marketing materials were analyzed. eWoM digital platforms give even resource-constrained smaller hotels timely review analytics that can be used for the purpose of brand reputation strategy decisions. That is, those hotels that focus their limited resources on developing authentic response systems and create unique communication capabilities which are leveraged for eWOM reputation as a competitive advantage. These findings highlight that successful hotels use eWoM data analytics for decisions related long-term signaling strategies: as hotels can extend their authentic voice or an organizational character within their eWOM responses over time to complement their optimal brand position. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 331-350 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808844 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808844 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:331-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meiyun Li Author-X-Name-First: Meiyun Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Aaron Hsiao Author-X-Name-First: Aaron Author-X-Name-Last: Hsiao Author-Name: Emily Jintao Ma Author-X-Name-First: Emily Jintao Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Author-Name: Shang-Jen Li Author-X-Name-First: Shang-Jen Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Hotel service convergence innovation Abstract: Industry convergence has taken place in many different fields, making it a hot research topic. There are studies on industry convergence in the manufacturing industry, the food and pharmaceutical industries, and between manufacturing and services industries. The hospitality industry provides lodging and catering services, which provides a great platform to integrate multiple industries in order to enhance customer experience. However, there has been little focus on industry convergence in the hospitality or hotel industries. Therefore, a better understanding of service convergence innovation from both a systematic and a holistic perspective are needed. The result showed that in order to form effective mechanisms for coordination and integration of service, it was necessary to use systematic digital information technology, which could transfer practical experience into a standardized demonstrable learning database system. The implication of this study is that the illustrations on the factors as well as contexts to foster service convergence practices could facilitate managerial endeavors by hospitality business professionals. Appropriate incentive mechanisms which leverage as well as motivate partnership endeavors should be the core aligning individuals and organization goal instead of imposing regulative order. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 398-414 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808848 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808848 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:398-414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tuyet-Mai Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Tuyet-Mai Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Name: Marie-Louise Fry Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Fry Title: Online knowledge sharing capability of young employees: An empirical study Abstract: Along with the development of information technology and artificial intelligence, online knowledge sharing has become an essential organizational resource. Online knowledge sharing can contribute to the success of organizations through effective knowledge management which is often enhanced by using artificial intelligence techniques. Young employees often make up the largest segment in organizations, but they tend to start their early career with temporary contracts which impact their likelihood to hide or hoard organizational knowledge. This study examines knowledge self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, organizational rewards, and top management support affecting the online knowledge sharing capability of young employees. A survey was conducted in Vietnam, targeting young employees aged 18–30 in three key industries. Results indicate that knowledge self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, and top management support significantly influence young employees’ online knowledge sharing. Interestingly, organizational rewards were found to only impact lurkers’ online knowledge sharing and work effectively if employees have either high perceived ease of use or top management support. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 415-433 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808849 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808849 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:3:p:415-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2033132_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Pearlyn Ng Author-X-Name-First: Pearlyn Author-X-Name-Last: Ng Author-Name: Xuan Quach Author-X-Name-First: Xuan Author-X-Name-Last: Quach Author-Name: Omar H Fares Author-X-Name-First: Omar H Author-X-Name-Last: Fares Author-Name: Myuri Mohan Author-X-Name-First: Myuri Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan Author-Name: Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seung Hwan (Mark) Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Essential item purchases during COVID-19: A cluster analysis of psychographic traits Abstract: This research seeks to profile consumer segments formed during the COVID-19 pandemic via a set of psychographic consumption traits: Narcissism, Psychological Entitlement, Status Consumption, Fear of Embarrassment, and Fear of Missing Out. Based on a cluster analysis of 281 consumers, the data generated four distinct groups: Egalitarians, Agentic Egoists, Communal Egoists, and Conformists. Further, we compared the segments in their acquisition behavior as it pertains to importance of purchase, quantity of purchase, sharing of purchase, and willingness to pay for essential items. Our results showed that each cluster was associated with a unique set of consumer preferences. For instance, Egalitarians placed less importance on medical items. Conformists placed greater importance on acquiring disposable masks than others. Communal Egoists were interested in food-related items such as bottled waters and snacks. Agentic Egoists reported that they would spend more money on cold/cough medicines than Egalitarians and Conformists. Overall, our findings provide key insights and recommendations to retail managers. Some limitations include our sampling approach (i.e. US consumers) and determining clusters based on select psychographic traits. We acknowledge that there are other characteristics that can differentially influence consumers’ acquisition behavior during the pandemic. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 579-600 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2033132 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2033132 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:579-600 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2033131_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Van Chien Duong Author-X-Name-First: Van Chien Author-X-Name-Last: Duong Author-Name: Billy Sung Author-X-Name-First: Billy Author-X-Name-Last: Sung Author-Name: Matthew Barber Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Barber Author-Name: Emma Regolini Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Regolini Author-Name: Min Teah Author-X-Name-First: Min Author-X-Name-Last: Teah Title: Exploring store atmospherics of FMCG brands flagship stores with an immersive 180-degree dome-shaped display Abstract: The current study aims to use immersive technologies to examine how: (1) store design, (2) sensory pleasantness, and (3) store’s perceived luxury influence brand and product evaluation for an FMCG food brand. A total of 668 participants were immersed in a 180-degree, dome-shaped virtual reality display that simulated an FMCG flagship store. A self-reported survey was administered after the exposure to the stimulus to measure store design pleasantness, sensory pleasantness, store’s perceived luxury, product evaluation, brand evaluation, and purchase intent. The current research demonstrates the positive effects of store design and pleasantness and perceived luxury on consumer evaluations of food products and brands in the context of FMCG flagship stores. The present study indicates that flagship stores could serve as a potential alternative to traditional retail outlets for FMCG food brands. This is important for FMCG brands as they can negate their reliance on traditional retailers and stimulate positive perceptions towards brands and products. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 554-578 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2033131 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2033131 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:554-578 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2105245_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Seochul Jang Author-X-Name-First: Seochul Author-X-Name-Last: Jang Author-Name: Joonheui Bae Author-X-Name-First: Joonheui Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The effect of B2B service experience on repurchase intention: Focus on roles of organizational agility and customer knowledge sharing Abstract: As the importance of services grows, many business-to-business (B2B) firms are enhancing the value of customer service experience by digitally transforming services to find a point of differentiation from competitors. This study investigates the effect of service experience on repurchase intention in the capital goods industry and examines the roles of organizational agility as a mediator and customer knowledge sharing as a moderator. Data were collected from 264 customers and U.S. firms. Moreover, partial least squares structural equation modeling was used for the analysis. Results revealed a positive and significant relationship between service experience and organizational agility, and between organizational agility and repurchase intention. Additionally, organizational agility mediates the positive and significant relationship between service experiences and repurchase intention. Finally, customer knowledge sharing plays a positive and crucial moderating role in the relationship between service experience and organizational agility. These findings are a step forward from the existing conceptual study on service experience and demonstrate that the firm’s organizational agility enhances the customer’s service experience and influences repurchasing intention between the period of the customer’s initial purchasing behavior and the next repurchase. This study contributes to the literature on service experience in the B2B service setting. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 645-659 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2105245 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2105245 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:645-659 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2001352_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Goitom Tesfom Author-X-Name-First: Goitom Author-X-Name-Last: Tesfom Title: Do perceptions of switching costs vary across customers’ household purchase decision roles? Abstract: This study investigated whether customers’ perceptions of switching costs varied across customers’ household mobile phone subscription service decision roles. Kruskal-Wallis tests among three customer groups who made self, joint, and no-involvement mobile phone subscription service decisions revealed that customers who made joint subscription service decisions were most likely to perceive switching costs compared to customers in the other two groups. Also, customers who made self-subscription service decisions were least likely to perceive switching costs and most likely to switch to other providers compared to customers in the other two groups. Customers who were not involved in the subscription service decision were least likely to switch. The theoretical and managerial implications of how differences in perception of switching costs and intention to switch affect the pathways to building customer acquisition and retention in the subscription service industry are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 511-529 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.2001352 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.2001352 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:511-529 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2062024_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Kim Dung Tran Author-X-Name-First: Kim Dung Author-X-Name-Last: Tran Author-Name: Lobel Trong Thuy Tran Author-X-Name-First: Lobel Trong Thuy Author-X-Name-Last: Tran Title: How perceived effectiveness of social media platform and satisfaction affect continuance intention in a pandemic: The moderating role of perceived benefit Abstract: Firms facing a global pandemic need to shift to online supply to satisfy customer demand. This study develops a valid measure of the perceived effectiveness of social media platforms (PESMP) and analyzes its effect on customer satisfaction in predicting continuance intentions under the boundary condition of perceived benefit. Drawing on the uses and gratification theory and a sample of 508 customers, the authors substantiate perceived benefit’s moderating role. At high levels of perceived benefit, PESMP exerts a strong effect on satisfaction that increases continuance intention. Implications to increase strategic effectiveness are also discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 627-644 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2062024 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2062024 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:627-644 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2052342_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Komal Shamim Author-X-Name-First: Komal Author-X-Name-Last: Shamim Author-Name: Tahir Islam Author-X-Name-First: Tahir Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Title: Digital influencer marketing: How message credibility and media credibility affect trust and impulsive buying Abstract: This study develops an underlying mechanism outlining the impact of digital influencers on consumer impulse-buying behavior in the context of social networking sites (SNSs). Based on signaling theory, this research examines the role of message credibility (informational value and vicarious expressions) and media credibility (perceived interactivity and transparency) in developing trust in digital influencers, resulting in impulse buying. Moreover, this study explores the moderating effect of social commerce (s-commerce) experience on the relationship between urge-to-buy (UTB) and impulse buying. This study collects data from SNS users. Findings reveal that message credibility and media credibility play a significant role in developing trust in digital influencers, thereby enhancing the urge to buy impulsively on SNSs. In addition, results show that s-commerce experience does not moderate the relationship between UTB and impulsive buying. Finally, this study provides critical insights to marketers and policymakers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 601-626 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2052342 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2052342 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:601-626 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2019600_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Zhe Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Zhe Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Xinyi Liu Author-X-Name-First: Xinyi Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Consumers’ preference for brand prominence in the context of identity-based consumption for self versus for others: The role of self-construal Abstract: When consumers undertake identity consumption by consuming products or services, their choice can be influenced not only by the brand but also the brand prominence. In order to investigate the relationship between consumers’ preference and identity-based consumption demand, this study examines consumers’ preference for brand prominence in the context of identity-based consumption for self versus for others based on a comparison and interaction between social groups. The results show that, in the scenario of identity-based consumption for self, when consumers are members of the in-group or the high-level identity salience out-group, self-construal has no significant influence on their preference with respect to brand prominence. However, when consumers are in the low-level identity salience out-group, self-construal significantly affects their preference in this regard. In addition, in the scenario of identity-based consumption for others (i.e. gift-giving) when gift-givers and gift-receivers have the same fashion status, the self-construal of gift-givers does not affect their preference. However, when gift-givers and gift-receivers have different fashion statuses, the self-construal of gift-givers impacts their preference for brand prominence. Specifically, interdependent self-construal consumers are more inclined to choose products according to gift-receivers’ preference for brand prominence. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed, along with future research directions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 530-553 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.2019600 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.2019600 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:32:y:2022:i:4:p:530-553 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2163908_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Isaac Cheah Author-X-Name-First: Isaac Author-X-Name-Last: Cheah Author-Name: Anwar Sadat Shimul Author-X-Name-First: Anwar Sadat Author-X-Name-Last: Shimul Title: Marketing in the metaverse: Moving forward – What’s next? Abstract: The widespread adoption of the metaverse has generated significant discussions within the marketing community about the challenges and opportunities it presents for consumer interaction with brands. This paper investigates how the metaverse may affect marketing and suggests a novel paradigm to deal with these problems. Furthermore, this article highlights new research directions. The article also offers a checklist for researchers to use when researching the potential advantages or disadvantages of the metaverse for digital marketing and advertising, branding, services, supply chain and logistics, ethics and sustainability, diversity and inclusion and consumer wellness. The proposed research agenda intends to offer insightful information to academics, practitioners, and decision-makers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-10 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2163908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2163908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:1-10 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2001351_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Hung-Che Wu Author-X-Name-First: Hung-Che Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Ya-Yuan Chang Author-X-Name-First: Ya-Yuan Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Tsung-Pao Wu Author-X-Name-First: Tsung-Pao Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Structural relationships between safety attachment, experiential co-creation and future experiential intentions in the tourism industry Abstract: This paper aims to explore the relationships between the dimensions of safety attachment, the dimensions of experiential co-creation and future experiential intentions. A convenience sample of 505 tourists who had departed from Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport via direct flights to a destination outside the USA during the 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) outbreak was surveyed. The results will assist tourism managers in developing and implementing market-orientated service strategies to increase safety identity, safety dependence, safety affect, safety social bonding, experiential trust, experiential commitment and experiential connection in order to enable tourists to have future intentions to experience the destination during the COVID-19 outbreak. Findings are generalizable only to the tourism industry investigated. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 45-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.2001351 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.2001351 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:45-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2052341_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: B. Yasanthi Perera Author-X-Name-First: B. Yasanthi Author-X-Name-Last: Perera Author-Name: Pia A. Albinsson Author-X-Name-First: Pia A. Author-X-Name-Last: Albinsson Author-Name: Lubna Nafees Author-X-Name-First: Lubna Author-X-Name-Last: Nafees Author-Name: Lucy Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: Collaborative consumption participation intentions: A cross-cultural study of Indian and U.S. consumers Abstract: Worldwide, the emergence and growth of collaborative consumption (CC) based companies increasingly offer consumers new consumption opportunities and experiences. Given the importance of culture in shaping consumers’ behavior, to advance knowledge on similarities and differences in CC engagement, this research examines select motivating factors as antecedents to CC participation intention (CCPI) in the U.S. and India. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is used to analyze consumer panel data to investigate the relationships between resource motivation, risk-propensity, trust, generosity, materialism and attitude as antecedents to consumers’ CCPI. Results indicate that in both countries, risk-propensity has a positive impact on materialism, trust is positively related to materialism and attitude, while generosity is negatively related to materialism and attitude. Individual country differences, and theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 70-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2052341 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2052341 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:70-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2098157_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Tahir Islam Author-X-Name-First: Tahir Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Mumtaz Khan Author-X-Name-First: Mumtaz Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Abdul Ghaffar Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaffar Author-Name: Ying Wang Author-X-Name-First: Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Shujaat Author-X-Name-Last: Mubarik Author-Name: Imtiaz Haider Ali Author-X-Name-First: Imtiaz Haider Author-X-Name-Last: Ali Author-Name: Zubair Ali Shahid Author-X-Name-First: Zubair Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Shahid Author-Name: Mahmood Rehmani Author-X-Name-First: Mahmood Author-X-Name-Last: Rehmani Author-Name: Anshuman Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Anshuman Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: Does CSR influence sustained competitive advantage and behavioral outcomes? An empirical study in the hospitality sector Abstract: This research examines the underlying mechanism through which corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences customer loyalty in the hospitality sector. A survey conducted in three popular tourist cities in China reveals that CSR positively impacts customer loyalty through institutional-level constructs, including corporate image and sustained competitive advantage, and individual-level constructs, including customer trust and customer satisfaction. Moreover, the core capabilities of organizations moderate the effect of CSR on corporate image and sustained competitive advantage. Corporate image sustained advantage, and customer satisfaction also mediates the relationship between CSR and customer loyalty. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 107-132 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2098157 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2098157 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:107-132 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_1808841_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: André Riani Costa Perinotto Author-X-Name-First: André Riani Costa Author-X-Name-Last: Perinotto Author-Name: Janaina Cavalcante Farias Camarço Author-X-Name-First: Janaina Cavalcante Farias Author-X-Name-Last: Camarço Author-Name: Solano De Souza Braga Author-X-Name-First: Solano De Souza Author-X-Name-Last: Braga Author-Name: Marina Furtado Gonçalves Author-X-Name-First: Marina Furtado Author-X-Name-Last: Gonçalves Title: Perceptions on services in Ceará-Brazil luxury hotels registered on TripAdvisor Abstract: This study analyzes the perceptions of the tourists available on the TripAdvisor website regarding the services of luxury hotels in Ceará, these being characterized by having quality and comfort in its facilities, excellence in services and exclusive attention to the client. Among the 941 lodging facilities, this research analyzes the 16 luxury hotels installed in the coast of the state of Ceará. Netnography was used as a method of analysis, which verifies what is publicly available in online communities to identify and understand the needs and influences relevant to consumers. From the customers shared reviews on the TripAdvisor website about the selected luxury hotels the qualitative method was applied. The positive and negative points reported by the clients regarding each luxury hotel in Ceará were analyzed comparatively, associating ratings on a scale of 1-to-5. This study gathered 1511 user reviews available on the TripAdvisor. The attributes of the services provided by the lodging facilities, with emphasis on service, gastronomy and quality were presented with greater recurrence in the results of this study. Finally, it should be noted that few works that contemplate the luxury segment are conducted and published in journals in the area of tourism in Brazil. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 11-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808841 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808841 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:11-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2135012_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Chai Lee Goi Author-X-Name-First: Chai Lee Author-X-Name-Last: Goi Author-Name: Fayrene Yew Leh Chieng Author-X-Name-First: Fayrene Yew Leh Author-X-Name-Last: Chieng Author-Name: Mei Teh Goi Author-X-Name-First: Mei Teh Author-X-Name-Last: Goi Title: Avoidance of similarity and brand attachment of Generation X in sportswear brand loyalty: The roles of self-congruity Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of avoidance of similarity, self-congruity, and brand attachment on Generation X’s sportswear brand loyalty. This study also examines whether self-congruity plays a role in the relationship between avoidance of similarity and brand attachment. A total of 368 valid data were used in this study and collected from Generation X participants. The hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling with the AMOS 22.0. The findings show that avoidance of similarity influences self-congruity, self-congruity influences brand attachment, avoidance of similarity influences brand attachment, and brand attachment directly influences brand loyalty. In addition, Self-congruity was found to partially mediate the relationship between avoidance of similarity and brand attachment. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge about avoidance of similarity and self-congruity as important drivers of brand attachment and brand loyalty. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 133-153 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2135012 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2135012 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:133-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2062023_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Utkarsh Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Utkarsh Title: Tangible and intangible quality cues in service advertising: A construal level theory perspective Abstract: Several researchers have recommended utilizing tangible cues in ads to minimize perceived risk; some have favored intangible cues for service differentiation. However, studies remain scarce on the effectiveness of quality cues (tangible vs. intangible cues) in the service type context (experience vs. credence). Furthermore, studies exploring differences in consumer evaluation of quality cues when making a purchase decision under varied temporal distance (e.g. the next day vs. six months later) remain inadequate. The first experiment (n = 124) demonstrates that an experience service ad designed using tangible cues is relatively more effective when the temporal distance is not salient. The second experiment (n = 281) reveals that in a distant temporal situation, an experience service ad employing intangible cues is relatively more effective in generating positive perceptions. Furthermore, no difference was observed in the evaluation of quality cues in credence services under varied temporal distance. The study offers crucial theoretical and managerial implications. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 90-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2062023 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2062023 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:90-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2153261_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Sang-Chul Son Author-X-Name-First: Sang-Chul Author-X-Name-Last: Son Author-Name: Joonheui Bae Author-X-Name-First: Joonheui Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: An exploratory study on the perceived agility by consumers in luxury brand omni-channel Abstract: Perceived agility in luxury brands means that they provide information about changes in customer expectations and preferences quickly and flexibly. Millennial and Z generation customers not only expect to interact immediately with the brand but also expect unique services meeting their needs and expectations. A digitalized luxury brand only selling products and providing services can no longer maintain customer satisfaction. This study explores the importance of perceived agility and the timing of when customers perceive more agility in the shopping journey of a digitized luxury brand. Data were collected using Netnography, a qualitative research method, and analyzed using NVivo 11.0. The results show that increasing perceived agility through meeting consumer expectations and quickly responding to the environment by actively introducing digitalization to improve customer interaction is a factor differentiated from customer service. The findings have implications for how practitioners and managers of luxury brands can improve consumers’ unique experiences while adapting to changing service encounters. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 154-166 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2153261 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2153261 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:154-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_1885302_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Abou Bakar Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Abou Bakar Author-Name: Hiba Khan Author-X-Name-First: Hiba Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Noor Hazarina Hashim Author-X-Name-First: Noor Hazarina Author-X-Name-Last: Hashim Author-Name: Richard Lee Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The strange bedfellows of packaging cues and religiosity Abstract: Packaging is an important marketing communication tool to shape consumers’ product perceptions and choice decisions. Religion also has a role in influencing consumer behavior. This study melds research into marketing communication and religiosity to examine how the presence of religious symbols on product packaging may influence product evaluation and choice decisions. Following a pre-test that identifies symbols associated with Islam, Muslim respondents (n = 96) complete a discrete choice experiment of 2 product (food, non-food) x 2 price level (high, low) x 2 religious symbol (with symbol, without symbol). Across both products, the presence of a religious symbol positively cues product ratings and choice preference. Drawing on symbolic interactionist theory and social distinctiveness theory, the findings suggest that the presence of the religious symbols provides Muslim consumers with a mean to self-identity and to portray the identity to others. As Islam also governs Muslims’ behavior as consumers, marketers should harness the efficacy of religious symbols to develop effective marketing communication strategies, particularly packaging, to target these consumers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 31-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1885302 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1885302 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:31-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2175708_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Joonheui Bae Author-X-Name-First: Joonheui Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Author-Name: Kyung Hoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Kyung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Diffusion of moral behavior on a collaborative consumption platform: Dual mechanisms of deindividuation and self-presentation Abstract: Although collaborative consumption platforms (CCPs) have achieved rapid growth, the increase in misbehavior on CCPs has made users hesitant to participate. This study examines how previous moral behavior influences subsequent moral behavior and how deindividuation and self-disclosure, as psychological mechanisms, influence subsequent moral behavior. To test the hypotheses, this study conducted two experiments. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The results show that the previous user’s misbehavior (or good behavior) positively affects the subsequent user’s misbehavior (or good behavior). Furthermore, without self-disclosure, deindividuation mediates the effect of the previous user’s misbehavior on the subsequent user’s misbehavior. Conversely, when there is self-disclosure, self-presentation mediates the effect of the previous user’s good behavior on the subsequent user’s good behavior. The study provides a diffusion model of moral behavior on CCPs through a dual mechanism of deindividuation and self-presentation while considering self-disclosure as a nudge. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 167-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2175708 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2175708 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:167-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2083000_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Raouf Ahmad Rather Author-X-Name-First: Raouf Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Rather Author-Name: Shakir Hussain Parrey Author-X-Name-First: Shakir Hussain Author-X-Name-Last: Parrey Author-Name: Rafia Gulzar Author-X-Name-First: Rafia Author-X-Name-Last: Gulzar Author-Name: Shakeel Ul Rehman Author-X-Name-First: Shakeel Ul Author-X-Name-Last: Rehman Title: Does gamification effect customer brand engagement and co-creation during pandemic? A moderated-mediation analysis Abstract: While insight into gamification, customer brand engagement (CBE), and co-creation is rapidly increasing, little remains known about the relationship of these, and related concepts, as thus investigated in this study. Rooted in service-dominant logic and protection motivation theory-informed perspectives, this study develops and tests a model which investigates the effects of destination brand-based gamification on CBE, co-creation, loyalty and positive word-of-mouth (WOM) during pandemic. This study also investigates the potentially moderating role of protection motivation and psychological fear in affecting these associations. To explore these issues, we collected tourist-based survey data using PLS-SEM analysis. Our findings suggest that gamification positively impacts CBE, co-creation, loyalty and WOM. Second, our findings confirm the CBE’s differing effects on co-creation, loyalty and WOM. Third, results revealed the gamification’s indirect effect on co-creation, loyalty and WOM, as mediated through CBE. Further, findings verify a reciprocal relationship between loyalty and CBE, which has not been reported in existing studies. Finally, our analyses revealed a significant-positive moderating role of protection motivation and significant-negative moderating effect of psychological fear in proposed associations. This study offers key theoretical and practical implications to marketing literature with valuable suggestions for destination brand managers during pandemic. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 285-311 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2083000 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2083000 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:285-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2048960_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: David Trafimow Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Trafimow Author-Name: Michael R. Hyman Author-X-Name-First: Michael R. Author-X-Name-Last: Hyman Author-Name: Alena Kostyk Author-X-Name-First: Alena Author-X-Name-Last: Kostyk Title: Are structural equation models theories and does it matter? Abstract: In their introductory marketing, management, and social psychology courses, undergraduates learn that correlation coefficients provide weak evidence for causal conclusions. Nonetheless, researchers conclude causally from correlation coefficients by drawing causal arrows in their structural equation models (SEMs). Although most researchers avoid describing their findings in causal language, obligatory recommendations for applying those findings insert causation. Researchers’ standard rejoinder to validity challenges is “the critics have ignored theory’s role in rendering our SEM internally and externally valid”. To evaluate this rejoinder, we explore SEMs based on comprehensive underlying theories and as stand-alone and testable context-specific theories that blend previously published hypotheses and findings. In most cases, the rejoinder is unconvincing. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 248-263 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2048960 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2048960 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:248-263 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_1808825_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Chihchien Chen Author-X-Name-First: Chihchien Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Esther L. Kim Author-X-Name-First: Esther L. Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Markus Schuckert Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Schuckert Title: Haute couture-to-table? A study of luxury fashion-brand restaurants/Cafés Abstract: The significant rise in luxury shopping has recently gained much attention. This paper seeks to better understand the factors involved in luxury consumption. Specifically, a list of 10 luxury fashion-brand restaurants/cafés are identified and used to survey customers’ motivations, perceptions, demographics, and purchase behavior. This study finds that brand equity drivers significantly influence individual’s intention to visit other luxury fashion-brand restaurants/cafés, and purchase products that are associate with the luxury fashion-brand restaurants/cafés where he/she has previously patronized. Female customers show loyalty to luxury fashion brand products and revisit that specific fashion brand restaurants/cafés. These findings enrich and update the existing body of knowledge on luxury-branded restaurants/cafés in relation to customers’ decision making. This study also provides practical implications for luxury fashion-brand F&B owners. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 312-325 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808825 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808825 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:312-325 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2080093_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Nilesh Arora Author-X-Name-First: Nilesh Author-X-Name-Last: Arora Author-Name: Sanjeev Prashar Author-X-Name-First: Sanjeev Author-X-Name-Last: Prashar Author-Name: T. Sai Vijay Author-X-Name-First: T. Sai Author-X-Name-Last: Vijay Author-Name: Chandan Parsad Author-X-Name-First: Chandan Author-X-Name-Last: Parsad Title: Exploring the Effect of Personality Congruencies on Brand Identification and Purchase Intentions Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine how brand reputation and uniqueness impact customer brand identification and purchase intent. Utilizing the survey data of 712 respondents, the research has also discovered the influence of paired personality congruencies – brand-consumer, brand-celebrity and consumer-celebrity on reputation and uniqueness of the brand, brand identification and consumer attitude towards the advertisement and the brand. The results revealed the positive influence of brand-consumer and brand-celebrity personality congruencies on brand reputation. However, brand uniqueness was only impacted by brand-celebrity personality congruence. Significant moderating effect of consumer-celebrity personality congruence was observed. By integrating all the three-personality congruencies in a single framework with consumer-celebrity personality congruency as a moderating variable, the study augurs well to the body of knowledge on celebrity endorsement. Discovering some interesting observations pertaining to the personality congruencies, brand identification and consumer behavioral intentions, the study contributes by extending business and managerial implications. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 186-209 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2080093 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2080093 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:186-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2052340_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Lucy M. Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Lucy M. Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Author-Name: Diane R. Edmondson Author-X-Name-First: Diane R. Author-X-Name-Last: Edmondson Title: Influencing students into sales careers through a speed selling event Abstract: Even though employers constantly solicit new sales professionals at numerous universities, students remain reluctant to pursue this career path. One intervening approach to alter the attitudes of students towards sales careers is to include a speed selling event in the introductory sales class, or perhaps even in the introductory course to overcome misperceptions about sales. One hundred sixty-two professional selling students from a southeastern public university participated in a pre- and post-event survey that assessed their attitudes toward sales careers and grit (courage & resolve to continue). Self-reflection papers from these students were a component of the evaluation. At the same time, eight participating employers completed a post-event survey of the speed selling event. Results indicate improved attitudes towards sales careers and higher levels of grit after the event. Students also frequently commented about increased confidence and job opportunities because of their participation. These results showcase how interventions such as the speed selling event can positively impact students’ attitudes towards sales careers and; therefore, increase the likelihood that they would pursue a career in sales. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 231-247 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2052340 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2052340 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:231-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2137054_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Zaryab Sheikh Author-X-Name-First: Zaryab Author-X-Name-Last: Sheikh Author-Name: Abdul Ghaffar Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaffar Author-Name: Tahir Islam Author-X-Name-First: Tahir Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Altaf Ahmed Sheikh Author-X-Name-First: Altaf Ahmed Author-X-Name-Last: Sheikh Title: Consumers’ acceptance of social commerce during COVID-19 lockdown Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic changed everything, especially marketing, leading to increased digital usage. Social media allows faster connectivity among people and gives marketers new pathways to engage with consumers. The lockdown dramatically reduced economic activity by numbers that are worth understanding. This study examines the numerous aspects contributing to the consumer’s favorable opinions toward their social commerce intents and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using SEM, the data examination of 297 respondents established that applying the social support theory and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model to the proposed theoretical framework is significantly associated with social commerce intentions. The results state that all the direct hypotheses have been supported, confirming that social support, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, offline subjective norms, and online subjective norms are significantly associated with social commerce intentions. The results also indicated that Information Technology Infrastructure (ITI) moderated social support, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and online subjective norms. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 210-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2137054 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2137054 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:210-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2163415_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: S. M. Fatah Uddin Author-X-Name-First: S. M. Fatah Author-X-Name-Last: Uddin Author-Name: Mohammed Naved Khan Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Naved Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Mohd Nishat Faisal Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Nishat Author-X-Name-Last: Faisal Author-Name: Mohd Danish Kirmani Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Danish Author-X-Name-Last: Kirmani Title: Demystifying the green purchasing behavior of young consumers: Moderating role of green skepticism Abstract: Environmental protection is increasingly a concern, but false claims by companies have raised green skepticism among consumers. Young consumers constitute a significant group for consumption in an economy like India. While young consumers have rarely been surveyed on factors like green perceived value and perception regarding green claims, there is a paucity of research on the moderating role of skepticism. This paper provides a new perspective regarding the underexplored debate on green skepticism levels among young consumers. Data from 610 respondents were gathered through a researcher-controlled survey. Antecedents to environmental attitude, namely green perceived value, environmental knowledge, and interpersonal influence, were found to influence the relationships significantly. Young consumers’ environmental attitude was significant in explaining their green purchasing behavior. The paper sheds first light on the negative moderating effect of skepticism on the attitude-behavior relationship. The study highlights the role of educated and urban young consumers in sustainable consumption. In the same vein, findings suggest that managers should consider the importance of consumers’ doubts as a valuable element for global green advertising effectiveness. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 264-284 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2163415 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2163415 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:2:p:264-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2048959_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Cindy B. Rippé Author-X-Name-First: Cindy B. Author-X-Name-Last: Rippé Author-Name: Shannon Cummins Author-X-Name-First: Shannon Author-X-Name-Last: Cummins Author-Name: Olivia J. DeGeorge Author-X-Name-First: Olivia J. Author-X-Name-Last: DeGeorge Title: So, you want to start a sales center? An organizational learning approach to sales center formation and growth Abstract: Growth in demand for qualified salespeople has resulted in an increase in both university sales programs and the number of schools that want to transition their programs into sales centers and institutes. Despite this interest, few published articles provide direction on how to plan and launch a sales center. This research examines the views and experiences of existing and aspiring sales center directors to gain deeper insights into the tactics and techniques used for sales center creation and management. Leveraging an organizational learning theory approach, this work uses a mixed-method design to compare aspiring centers’ concerns with the experience and advice of existing center directors. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 402-428 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2048959 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2048959 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:402-428 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2036626_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Matthew M. Lastner Author-X-Name-First: Matthew M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lastner Author-Name: Lisa L. Scribner Author-X-Name-First: Lisa L. Author-X-Name-Last: Scribner Author-Name: Mark J. Pelletier Author-X-Name-First: Mark J. Author-X-Name-Last: Pelletier Title: Selling the value: Perceptions of value from key stakeholders in university sales centers Abstract: The presence and influence of university-based sales centers are growing at a substantial rate, with 61 universities having membership in the University Sales Center Alliance (USCA) as of 2021, up from 52 in 2020 and 8 in 2002. While the function and appeal of having an interface exist between sales students, sales faculty, and sales center partners are apparent, the value created by sales centers for these diverse stakeholders remains underexplored. The present research explores the value derived by these stakeholder groups by conducting and analyzing 41 depth interviews of students, university faculty and administration, and members of partnering firms who are currently involved with university-based sales centers. A 3 × 2 matrix of the perceived value derived from sales centers, consisting of other vs. self-oriented, intrinsic vs. extrinsic, and active vs. passive, is presented across these stakeholder groups. The results suggest that value stemming from university-based sales centers often differs between stakeholders, suggesting that sales center administrators should not assume that value derived from sales centers is static or universal across the stakeholder groups. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 382-401 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2036626 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2036626 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:382-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2080094_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Manojit Chattopadhyay Author-X-Name-First: Manojit Author-X-Name-Last: Chattopadhyay Author-Name: Subrata Kumar Mitra Author-X-Name-First: Subrata Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Mitra Author-Name: Parikshit Charan Author-X-Name-First: Parikshit Author-X-Name-Last: Charan Title: Elucidating strategic patterns from target customers using multi-stage RFM analysis Abstract: Predicting profitable customers is a strategic knowledge portfolio of retailer managers because some customers are better profitable than others in a business. The present work is an effort to demonstrate a better model of predicting profitable customers. We apply the k-means algorithm to identify customer patterns based on Recency, Frequency, and Monetary (RFM) attributes computed from a real-life dataset of UK-based and registered non-store online retail. Six data mining models have been applied to each identified pattern and overall data to predict whether each customer would purchase in the next six months or not. A comparative analysis of identified pattern characteristics and predictable performances and Type I and Type II errors have been performed to identify the target customer group in terms of better predictability and profitability. The identified patterns help to generate novel marketing strategies. Thus, the retailers may successfully target the most consistently profitable customer groups to apply diverse knowledge on marketing strategies for the specific pattern. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 444-474 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2080094 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2080094 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:444-474 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2199306_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Abdul Ghaffar Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaffar Author-Name: Tahir Islam Author-X-Name-First: Tahir Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Tomas Kincl Author-X-Name-First: Tomas Author-X-Name-Last: Kincl Author-Name: Abdul Hakeem Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Hakeem Author-Name: Anshuman Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Anshuman Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: The role of service quality in enhancing brand authenticity through the moderation effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) Abstract: This paper aims to examine the impact of service quality and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on brand authenticity and determine the moderating effects of CSR on the relationship between service quality and brand authenticity. Survey data was collected from 472 customers of Karachi, Pakistan’s four major medical diagnostic laboratories, through the convenience sampling technique. The quantitative method was used. To collect information from respondents, a self-administered questionnaire is used. We utilized the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to analyze data. The results show that CSR, service quality, and brand authenticity are related in medical diagnostic and research laboratories. Research findings indicate that service quality and CSR directly and positively impact brand authenticity. In addition, CSR moderates the effect between service quality and brand authenticity. Managers can see corporate social responsibility as an intangible value that goes along with high-quality services and makes medical diagnostic and research laboratory services more authentic. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 475-494 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2199306 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2199306 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:475-494 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_1808846_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Francesco Raggiotto Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Raggiotto Author-Name: Michela C. Mason Author-X-Name-First: Michela C. Author-X-Name-Last: Mason Author-Name: Andrea Moretti Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Moretti Author-Name: Adriano Paggiaro Author-X-Name-First: Adriano Author-X-Name-Last: Paggiaro Title: How do customers respond to external store environment? Analyzing the new luxury segment Abstract: This study applies an environmental psychology approach to understand the impact on consumer emotional reactions and shopping outcomes of store environmental perceptions, within a new luxury retail setting. Within this mass-market, highly hedonistic retail context, the study here proposes an extended stimulus-organism-response model. The study examines linkages between consumers’ perceptions of retail cues and their emotions and behavioural intentions. Further, the study considers such relationships in different retail settings – shopping malls and urban centres. Results suggest that, in diverse retail settings, consumer emotional reactions to environmental cues may vary, suggesting, in turn, that consumer selection of store settings is likely to be driven by diverse consumer expectations and needs. The study closes with theoretical and managerial implications. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 332-348 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808846 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808846 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:332-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_1808823_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Antonia Correia Author-X-Name-First: Antonia Author-X-Name-Last: Correia Author-Name: Metin Kozak Author-X-Name-First: Metin Author-X-Name-Last: Kozak Title: Luxury product and brand purchasing behavior: A conceptual perspective. Abstract: Over the recent years, there has been a steady increase in the number of customers in luxury market. Such a substantial rise has gained much attention from both academics and industry experts seeking to better understand the meanings and factors involved in luxury consumption. Therefore, this special section aims to enrich and update the existing body of knowledge on luxury product and brand purchasing behaviour. We have encouraged the contributors to forward both conceptual and empirical papers reflecting current concerns in the field of luxury shopping, more specifically in luxury product and brand purchasing behaviour. In the end, this special section includes three papers on external store environment, meaning of luxury, and luxury brand fashion. Certainly, additional references are necessary for better understanding the meaning and contents of luxury consumption and main drivers behind it. The special section introduces the reader to some of these important references but also notes that there is still avenue for more studies in the future. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 327-331 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2020.1808823 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808823 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:327-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_1986098_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Leslier Valenzuela-Fernández Author-X-Name-First: Leslier Author-X-Name-Last: Valenzuela-Fernández Author-Name: Ignacio Munoz Quezada Author-X-Name-First: Ignacio Author-X-Name-Last: Munoz Quezada Author-Name: José M. Merigo Author-X-Name-First: José M. Author-X-Name-Last: Merigo Title: Mapping the most competitive journals in advertising research. A bibliometric analysis in a 25-year period Abstract: PurposeThis research presents a bibliometric analysis of the main advertising trends used as a means of investigation in the business area. This article identifies leading journals and provides a collaborative network researcher for future use in the generation of knowledge.Design/Methodology/ApproachThis study examines 4,449 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection database for the 1992–2016 period. The authors analyze bibliometric indicators including the number of publications and citations, the citations per paper, five-year period analysis (quinquennial), h-index, citation thresholds and co-occurrence of authors keywords analysis. It develops bibliographical coupling and co-citations analysis by using the visualization of similarities Viewer Software.FindingsResults show a growing trend in the number of advertising´s publications. The Journal of Advertising has been the most cited and the Journal of Advertising Research has the largest number of papers. In regards to the h-index, the three most relevant journals in advertising are Journal of Advertising, Journal of Advertising Research, and the International Journal of Advertising.OriginalityThis article is the first one that contributes with a complete overview of the field of advertising research as a mean of investigation, in a 25-year period. Especially from the business scientific research area through bibliometric indicators, journal rankings, content, citations, and bibliographic coupling, co-citations, and keywords analysis. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 349-381 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2021.1986098 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2021.1986098 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:349-381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2048961_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: J. James Fyles Author-X-Name-First: J. James Author-X-Name-Last: Fyles Author-Name: Bonnie S. Guy Author-X-Name-First: Bonnie S. Author-X-Name-Last: Guy Title: Teaching Integrated Digital Prospecting in the advanced sales course Abstract: Among the most common entry-level sales roles available to graduates of university sales programs are those of Sales Development Representatives (SDRs) and Business Development Representatives (BDRs). These roles focus more on identifying, qualifying, and connecting with sales opportunities than on continuing the sales process and closing the buying commitment. While experiential teaching and learning methods for professional selling courses have overwhelmingly focused on skills related to ongoing selling interactions between sellers and buyers, prospecting and qualifying have garnered far less attention. This article details a multi-module, experiential digital prospecting unit best suited to an advanced course in sales. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 429-443 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2022.2048961 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2022.2048961 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:429-443 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2221909_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 495-495 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2221909 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2221909 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:3:p:495-495 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2218394_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Zachary Robichaud Author-X-Name-First: Zachary Author-X-Name-Last: Robichaud Author-Name: Hong Yu Author-X-Name-First: Hong Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Title: Learning to be consumers of “smart” retail channels: The baby boomer experience Abstract: A global shift in aging populations points to greying consumers as an important market for retailers and an underserved segment for researchers. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated digital expansion in the marketplace, innovated new industries, and encouraged new participants. This acceleration provides significant implications for the greying population whereby the adoption of smart-enabled platforms and channels becomes essential. Most of the digital and smart-consumer socialization research has focused exclusively on younger generations because of their digital nativity. This study aims to expand our understanding of baby boomer consumers’ attitudes and behaviors in the smart retail context using a consumer socialization framework. Findings suggest that perceived usefulness, ease of use, reliability, and fun were significant influences on global attitudes toward shopping in smart retail channels. Global attitudes toward shopping in smart retail channels significantly influenced behavioral intention and digital mass media exposure significantly influenced all dimensions of attitudes toward shopping in smart retail channels suggesting interest and engagement in smart retail channel participation among older adults. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 536-560 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2218394 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2218394 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:536-560 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2248154_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hojae Lee Author-X-Name-First: Hojae Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Sanghoon Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sanghoon Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The effect of luxury brands’ sustainable fashion marketing types on authenticity, brand attitude, and purchase intention Abstract: Consumers consider authenticity a critical factor in fashion brand evaluation, sustainable marketing has become essential in marketing activities. And also sustainable fashion brands is increasing, but literature in this field has focused on general and fast fashion brands, and research on luxury brands is lacking. This study aims to examine the effect of luxury brands’ sustainable fashion marketing activities on authenticity, purchase intention, and brand attitude. It analyzes the effects of article format and marketing activity type and identifies the difference in the interaction between luxury brands’ sustainable marketing types and the authenticity, purchase intention, and brand attitude of fashion companies. Sustainable fashion and raw materials were selected as the final stimuli, and 217 copies of the questionnaire were used for analysis through a specialized research company. It found that authenticity, brand attitude, and consumer purchase intention varied greatly depending on luxury brands’ sustainable fashion marketing types. Authenticity positively affected brand attitude and purchase intention, a positive brand attitude positively impacted purchase intention. This study is significant as it provides basic data on the effects of marketing strategies using authenticity from an academic and practical view, expanding the limited scope of research focused on luxury brands in sustainable fashion. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 497-512 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2248154 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2248154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:497-512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2238722_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Anand Jhawar Author-X-Name-First: Anand Author-X-Name-Last: Jhawar Author-Name: Duraipandian Israel Author-X-Name-First: Duraipandian Author-X-Name-Last: Israel Author-Name: Prashant Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Prashant Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Title: Subduing effects of personal norms on materialism fostering green purchase behavior: Modified norm activation model perspective Abstract: This study integrates materialism with a modified Norm Activation Model (NAM) perspective in the green purchase behavior context. It examines the effects of materialism on environmental belief and environmental concern and, consequently, on green purchase behavior mediated by personal norms. Useable data was collected from 405 Indian consumers using a structured online questionnaire that examined the relationships deploying structural equation modeling in SmartPLS3.0. Results show that materialism negatively affects environmental beliefs, environmental concern, and personal norms. The results further elucidate that environmental belief and environmental concern do not affect green purchase behavior directly. However, personal norms positively mediate the effects of materialism, environmental belief, and environmental concern on green purchase behavior. This study adds to the green marketing and consumer behavior literature by elucidating the mediating effects of personal norms, addressing a research gap with a modified version of the Norm Activation model. The findings can guide organizations and governments in understanding consumers’ predispositions towards green purchases. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 602-625 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2238722 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2238722 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:602-625 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2209104_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Aarti Saini Author-X-Name-First: Aarti Author-X-Name-Last: Saini Author-Name: Muhammad Kashif Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Kashif Author-Name: Silvia Platania Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Author-X-Name-Last: Platania Title: Temporary love: A love-hate transition among luxury fashion consumers in a mediation of brand jealousy and moderation of value-expressiveness Abstract: There is a limited amount of research to investigate emotional transition (i.e. love to hate) among consumers. Moreover, can value-expressiveness motivate consumers to not to share negative word of mouth (NWOM) despite hating a brand? This study aims at addressing these important research questions. Survey-based data is collected from 413 Indian luxury fashion consumers and analyzed via structural equation modelling technique, using AMOS 27.0. Findings reveal that brand jealousy mediates the relationship between brand love and brand hate. Furthermore, when value expressiveness is low, the relationship between brand hate and negative word of mouth is stronger. Brand marketers should strengthen symbolic brand identity to sustain positive consumer-brand emotions. Moreover, some relationship dyads can be used to establish the brand image in a family-oriented, collectivist culture. The mediation of brand jealousy and the moderation of NWOM are unique contributions of this study in an Indian context. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 513-535 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2209104 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2209104 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:513-535 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2233087_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Juran Kim Author-X-Name-First: Juran Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Joonheui Bae Author-X-Name-First: Joonheui Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Title: Influences of symbolic capital on destination brand equity Abstract: This study clarifies destination brand equity and examines the effect of destination brand personality on symbolic capital and attitude toward destination brand, and the effect of symbolic capital and attitude on destination brand equity. Using a survey research method, 309 participants from South Korea were recruited. The finding indicated that a well-established destination personality enhanced symbolic capital and positive attitudes toward the destination, leading to higher destination brand equity. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by clarifying the concept of symbolic capital and highlighting the effects of destination brand personality on symbolic capital and attitudes toward destination brands, which in turn lead to destination brand equity. Our findings have practical implications for destination brand marketing strategies, suggesting that these strategies can be made more effective by catering to symbolic capital and destination brand equity. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 561-576 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2233087 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2233087 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:561-576 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2238716_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Priyanka Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Priyanka Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Sanjeev Prashar Author-X-Name-First: Sanjeev Author-X-Name-Last: Prashar Author-Name: Chandan Parsad Author-X-Name-First: Chandan Author-X-Name-Last: Parsad Author-Name: Tata Sai Vijay Author-X-Name-First: Tata Sai Author-X-Name-Last: Vijay Title: Impact of video product presentation and scarcity claim on mobile-based impulse buying Abstract: The introduction of mobile shopping apps has resulted in the growth of impulse buying or excessive compulsion, especially in the fashion industry. This paper aims to establish a relationship between app stimuli (including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, atmosphere, layout, and privacy and security) and impulse buying behaviour. Besides this, it also examines the moderating effects of the video product presentation and product scarcity claim and the mediating effects of impulse buying intention and user satisfaction. The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, a paired t-test analysis was carried out to compare the mean of each set. This was followed by multi-group structural equation modelling to check the model’s validity. The results show that while video product presentation produced a significant difference between impulse buying intention and impulse buying behaviour for both the male and female respondents, scarcity claims achieved positive results only for male participants. The SEM results, meanwhile, demonstrated that both the mediating variables bear a relationship to performance expectancy, privacy and security, and impulse buying behaviour. However, effort expectancy was only related to impulse buying intention, while atmosphere and layout were exclusively associated with user satisfaction. Based on the findings of the study, theoretical and managerial implications are presented. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 577-601 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2238716 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2238716 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:577-601 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2243483_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Ashok Bhattarai Author-X-Name-First: Ashok Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattarai Author-Name: Maryam Farhang Author-X-Name-First: Maryam Author-X-Name-Last: Farhang Author-Name: Mavis T. Adjei Author-X-Name-First: Mavis T. Author-X-Name-Last: Adjei Author-Name: Jose L. Saavedra Torres Author-X-Name-First: Jose L. Author-X-Name-Last: Saavedra Torres Author-Name: Ash Zaad Author-X-Name-First: Ash Author-X-Name-Last: Zaad Title: The dark side of surge pricing and the mitigating role of information disclosure Abstract: This research paper investigates the impact of surge pricing, a dynamic pricing strategy that adjusts prices based on real-time demand and supply, on customers’ perception of price fairness. We aim to provide insights for both academic and managerial audiences. Our study focuses on how businesses using surge pricing can minimize negative effects on customer behavior by properly communicating price changes. We conducted two experiments to examine customers’ fairness perception of surge pricing policies. Our findings revealed that customers generally perceive surge pricing as less fair. However, we also discovered that aligning the amount of information shared with the price increase can effectively improve these fairness perceptions. Our research contributes to the literature on price communication by exploring factors that influence consumers’ understanding and acceptance of price changes. Additionally, our findings offer practical guidance for businesses on how to communicate pricing information in a way that customers perceive as fair, ultimately benefiting both companies and their customers. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 626-645 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2243483 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2243483 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:33:y:2023:i:4:p:626-645 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2256346_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Esi A. Elliot Author-X-Name-First: Esi A. Author-X-Name-Last: Elliot Author-Name: Carmina Cavazos Author-X-Name-First: Carmina Author-X-Name-Last: Cavazos Author-Name: Ai Ming Chow Author-X-Name-First: Ai Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Chow Title: From racialized brands to authentic brands: Dynamic conceptual blending Abstract: Our primary objective for this study is to examine how racialization can shift along the continuum to authenticity that is also sustainable. A subordinate objective is to examine the conceptual blending process that occurs when racialized brands are shifted to sustainable authentic brands. We review the foundation of our research. This includes existing approaches to diversity, equity, and inclusion and conceptual blending. Our methodology is ethnography and The Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET). Using the visual metaphors of 8 artrepeneurs from racialized populations we conclude that sustainable authenticity is a construct that emerges with four themes: unleashing resources, environmental sustainability, emotional transparency, and beauty in diversity. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 19-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2256346 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2256346 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:19-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2243962_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Landon M. McFarland Author-X-Name-First: Landon M. Author-X-Name-Last: McFarland Author-Name: Joanne M. Tran Author-X-Name-First: Joanne M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tran Title: Antecedents and consequences of the disability stigma for frontline employees: A qualitative study Abstract: The employment of people with disabilities (PWDs) is an important growing topic in contemporary society. Despite legal protections and increasing awareness of the importance of inclusion and diversity, PWDs still face significant barriers to employment worldwide, particularly in service industries. As hiring PWDs becomes more prevalent, scholars have only recently begun to study consumers’ perceptions of frontline employees (FLEs) with disabilities, especially intellectual disabilities, and their potential to stigmatize FLEs with disabilities. As such, we explore consumers’ perceptions of FLEs with disabilities to understand the attitudes, biases, and behaviors that may influence their interactions with such employees. Using a thematic coding analysis, we develop a framework for understanding the antecedents and consequences of disability stigma for FLEs. Drawing on this framework, we present the results of a qualitative study examining consumer perceptions of FLEs with disabilities working in restaurants, highlighting the key themes that emerged from our analysis. Specifically, we uncover internal influences and customer affect toward PWDs as antecedents to consumers’ perceptions of FLEs with disabilities while consumer behavior and firm actions as consequences. Nevertheless, these matters remain prominent issues for businesses working to create more inclusive and welcoming environments for all customers and employees, regardless of disability status. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 71-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2243962 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2243962 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:71-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2243987_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Somjit Barat Author-X-Name-First: Somjit Author-X-Name-Last: Barat Title: A micro-level perspective to fostering IDEAs in the classroom and beyond Abstract: Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, & Access (IDEA) spurs creativity, encourages ideas from people who have been historically ignored, and promotes an invigorating learning environment. Despite such benefits, we do precious little when it comes to practicing the same in our classrooms. Regrettably, our infrastructure and education system does not always provide enough opportunities for the younger generation to appreciate, understand and experience the significance of an inclusive society, preventing our students an opportunity to apply what they learn in the classroom for the betterment of marginalized and minoritized communities. Against such a backdrop, the author focuses on how faculty can enhance the classroom-level student-experience through a model that helps students’ understanding and appreciation of IDEA. The author believes that this research model not only plugs a significant gap in our attitude towards IDEA practice and implementation but will also spur educators and practitioners to consider adopting similar measures while designing their respective curricula. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 108-122 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2243987 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2243987 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:108-122 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2280319_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Mary Anne Raymond Author-X-Name-First: Mary Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Raymond Author-Name: Hillary Ruth Smith Author-X-Name-First: Hillary Ruth Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Les Carlson Author-X-Name-First: Les Author-X-Name-Last: Carlson Title: Being inclusive means being accessible: Problems with digital media for visually impaired consumers Abstract: Over two billion people worldwide and over seven million people in the United States have severe to moderate visual impairment. People with visual impairments rely on inclusive design, which includes alternative text (alt text) to interpret messages, images, and videos digitally. Alt text has many nuances leading to numerous technical inaccuracies and/or inaccurate interpretations of the media. Around the world, the pandemic altered how people conducted simple tasks and interrupted in-person opportunities. It has forced many consumers to work, study, and shop online – creating a large shift to digital experiences. Digital media, including social media platforms and websites, became a major source of information and the gateway to e-commerce. Unfortunately, many consumers with visual impairments who are vulnerable were excluded and unable to learn about products, services, and opportunities due to the lack of accessibility features available and inclusive design. This study explores the difficulties marketing practitioners experience incorporating alt text, thus limiting accessibility and inclusion for vulnerable consumers, specifically visually impaired users. Findings from the current study examining the accuracy of alt text in social media posts indicate that over 95% of the social media posts examined were not inclusive due to either a lack of or inaccurate accessibility usage. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 5-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2280319 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2280319 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:5-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2238710_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Dolph F. Nelson Author-X-Name-First: Dolph F. Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: Laura Boman Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Boman Author-Name: Ganga S. Urumutta Hewage Author-X-Name-First: Ganga S. Urumutta Author-X-Name-Last: Hewage Title: The effect of equity initiatives by gendered brands Abstract: The current study examines how brand gender can influence consumer outcomes when a brand takes a gender equity initiative. We show that brands that are perceived as feminine realize greater positive effects from gender equity initiatives than brands that are perceived as masculine. This effect is mediated by the fit between brand gender and the gender equity initiative. Further, we explore a theoretically and managerially relevant boundary condition: prior equity initiatives. The research presented here contributes to the literature on brand gender, brand fit, and corporate social responsibility. Our work also has implications for practitioners. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 45-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2238710 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2238710 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:45-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2255866_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Ania Izabela Rynarzewska Author-X-Name-First: Ania Izabela Author-X-Name-Last: Rynarzewska Author-Name: Stephen A. LeMay Author-X-Name-First: Stephen A. Author-X-Name-Last: LeMay Author-Name: Marilyn M. Helms Author-X-Name-First: Marilyn M. Author-X-Name-Last: Helms Author-Name: Eliza Hetrick Author-X-Name-First: Eliza Author-X-Name-Last: Hetrick Title: Effects of empathy and egoism on CSR perceptions and consumer buycotts: Lessons learned during global crisis in support of equitable business practices Abstract: Consumer polarization leading to buycotts and boycotts was magnified by the global crisis of 2020–2021 which changed consumer priorities and business practices: in-person shopping decreased, while social distancing, remote work, and media consumption increased. In this context, we examined the relationships among egoism, empathy, and consumer interest in social topics. These topics included employee treatment, social justice, and the environment. We highlighted aligning Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) efforts with consumer values. Using a survey method and structural equation modeling, we found such efforts increased consumer buycott. In this research we addressed whether consumers were motivated by empathy or egoism to engage in buycotting during global crisis. Consumers reacted to a firm’s adherence to health and safety guidelines, respect for human rights, and engaged in environmental protection. This study contributes to the literature on CSR and prosocial behavior. It examined the relationships among key consumer characteristics and corporate behavior in times of crisis and expands the existing literature on psychological factors that play a role in buycotting. The findings are applicable to policy makers, academic literature, and practice as it offers practical recommendations on how companies might consider realignment of CSR activities during crisis. It also suggests directions for future research. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 90-107 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2255866 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2255866 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:90-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2248758_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Robert D. Evans Author-X-Name-First: Robert D. Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Author-Name: I. Karabas Author-X-Name-First: I. Author-X-Name-Last: Karabas Author-Name: Y. Andonova Author-X-Name-First: Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Andonova Author-Name: L. Nochebuena-Evans Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Nochebuena-Evans Title: Let’s not talk about men: When meaningful female-to-female interaction and dialogue drive higher box office sales Abstract: This study explores two unique aspects of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) from the perspective of gender diversity in the field of motion pictures and the dimension of inclusion utilizing the Bechdel-Wallace Test (BWT). A production may pass the BWT if a conversation between two women is not about men, hence the conversation is deemed meaningful. Using a consumer-driven data set, we find a positive effect of the BWT on international and total box office sales. The results also show a unique result in the years following the modern #MeToo movement, leading to enhanced box office returns for domestic, international, and total box office sales. Therefore, in addition to contributing to efforts to better understanding the impact of the addition of gender diversity and inclusion on motion picture performance, female characters’ meaningful conversation with other females will likely lead to higher return on producers’ investment in motion pictures. Practical implications and contributions to feminist film theory and theory of planned behavior are discussed. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 57-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2248758 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2248758 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:57-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2264312_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Ania Izabela Rynarzewska Author-X-Name-First: Ania Izabela Author-X-Name-Last: Rynarzewska Author-Name: John F. (Jeff) Tanner Author-X-Name-First: John F. (Jeff) Author-X-Name-Last: Tanner Author-Name: Diane R. Edmondson Author-X-Name-First: Diane R. Author-X-Name-Last: Edmondson Title: An introduction to the “The role of inclusion, diversity, equity, & access (IDEA) in today’s global marketing environment” special issue Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 1-4 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2264312 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2264312 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:1:p:1-4 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2292636_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Manojit Chattopadhyay Author-X-Name-First: Manojit Author-X-Name-Last: Chattopadhyay Author-Name: Debdatta Pal Author-X-Name-First: Debdatta Author-X-Name-Last: Pal Title: Exploring the strategic role of Marketer-Generated-Content analytics towards Airbnb hosts sales optimization Abstract: Although user-generated content is reported to improve Airbnb host’s sales, the impact of Marketer-Generated Content (MGC) on the minimum sales generated from the reviewers who have reviewed the MGC is yet to be explored. This study examines MGC of title descriptions analysis from the City of Los Angeles listing data to understand their importance in predicting hosts’ net sales. The analysis employs two complementary econometric approaches: parametric multiple regression and the non-parametric multivariate adaptive regression spline model across three neighbourhood groups and two price groups. The findings indicate hosts can employ MGC to optimize sales and should highlight feature words in the title that best reflect the property characteristics and appeal to a target group that may be location-specific, price-sensitive, or both. The title should be informative and detailed within a limit of 10 words. The novelty of the work is to identify the influence of total sales for respective feature words from the title description of Airbnb property and to analyze their uses in marketing communications. The practical implications indicate that host-generated feature words are crucial in maximizing net sales for the property. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 253-282 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2292636 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2292636 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:253-282 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2255873_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Yiru Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yiru Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: César Zamudio Author-X-Name-First: César Author-X-Name-Last: Zamudio Author-Name: Hua Meng Author-X-Name-First: Hua Author-X-Name-Last: Meng Author-Name: Robert D. Jewell Author-X-Name-First: Robert D. Author-X-Name-Last: Jewell Title: Short and sweet: How product quality uncertainty, review length and richness shape review helpfulness Abstract: Because online reviews facilitate consumers’ purchase decisions, prior research investigates factors impacting review helpfulness. By integrating Kuhlthau’s information search process model and the heuristic-systematic model, we propose that a situational factor – product quality uncertainty – shapes consumers’ information search processes and suggests which reviews are most helpful. The literature suggests that review length and information richness positively impact review helpfulness. However, their joint effect conditional on product quality uncertainty is unknown. An experiment reveals that consumers are motivated to process individual reviews only when uncertainty is high (i.e. when consumers disagree on product quality). Analysis of over 37,000 online reviews indicates that, under high uncertainty, short reviews with rich information are most helpful. Consistent with the experiment results, neither factor drives helpfulness when uncertainty is low (i.e. when previous consumers exhibit a consensus on product quality). We present managerial implications for stimulating “short and sweet” reviews to increase review helpfulness. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 143-162 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2255873 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2255873 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:143-162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2264304_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Monica Law Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Law Author-Name: Mark Ng Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ng Author-Name: Yuk-Kwan Sarah Lai Author-X-Name-First: Yuk-Kwan Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Title: Switch or continue to use? An empirical investigation into mobile payment applications Abstract: Using a push-pull mooring framework, this study investigates the diverse factors that influence users’ intention to switch and continue using mobile payment applications (apps). A survey comprising 180 respondents based in Hong Kong was conducted. The results demonstrate that users’ intention to switch is influenced by their dissatisfaction with system quality, perceived benefits, and social influence. Conversely, their intention to continue using their current mobile payment apps is associated with inertia. Furthermore, users who have used their current mobile payment app for three years or more comprise an active switching group, whereas those in the high-income group show the highest inertia and willingness to continue using it. These findings enrich the push-pull mooring framework by incorporating switching and continued use intentions, thus providing a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of social influence and other factors on user behaviors. Furthermore, this study provides insights into the impact of user characteristics on mobile payment app usage, which can benefit application providers in developing tailored promotions, referrals, and retention campaigns to meet the needs and expectations of different user groups. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 163-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2264304 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2264304 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:163-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2276395_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Jieqiong Luo Author-X-Name-First: Jieqiong Author-X-Name-Last: Luo Author-Name: Je Eun Yoo Author-X-Name-First: Je Eun Author-X-Name-Last: Yoo Author-Name: Jeong Eun Park Author-X-Name-First: Jeong Eun Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: ‘From fail to prevail’ : How a salesperson’s communication sentiment influences consumer forgiveness in service failures focusing on the role of consumer self-construal Abstract: Service Failure and Recovery (SFR) is a crucial area of service industry due to the inevitability of service failures, yet firms often struggle with executing appropriate strategies. This research aims to identify the pinpoint optimal “moment of truth” adopting consumer forgiveness serves as a mediator of service recovery and customers’ overall satisfaction. The study focused on the importance of service providers’ communication sentiment during the apology delivery process in order to elicit authenticity from consumers during the recovery process. Data was collected through a survey from 350 individuals of different nationalities, including Chinese and Korean. A scenario-based experiment using self-administered questionnaires was also conducted. The findings indicate that communication sentiment that oriented in warmth have a positive impact on consumers’ willingness to forgive, while task-oriented and coldness-oriented styles have a negative effect. Additionally, consumers who are interdependent tend to be more influenced by communication sentiment when it comes to forgiveness. These results can be valuable for service firms to train their personnel and develop effective service recovery strategies that enhance consumer empathy and forgiveness. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 231-252 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2276395 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2276395 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:231-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2308285_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Suhaib Ahmed Author-X-Name-First: Suhaib Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed Author-Name: Abdul Ghaffar Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaffar Author-Name: Syed Shahid Zaheer Zaidi Author-X-Name-First: Syed Shahid Author-X-Name-Last: Zaheer Zaidi Author-Name: Tahir Islam Author-X-Name-First: Tahir Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Muhammad Mumtaz Khan Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Mumtaz Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Fazila Islam Author-X-Name-First: Fazila Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Tomas Kincl Author-X-Name-First: Tomas Author-X-Name-Last: Kincl Author-Name: Altaf Ahmed Sheikh Author-X-Name-First: Altaf Ahmed Author-X-Name-Last: Sheikh Title: Influencer-driven loyalty: Understanding the mediating role of customer brand engagement in the relationship between social media influencers and brand loyalty Abstract: Factors developing brand loyalty through social media influencers (SMIs) are immensely important to academics and marketing practitioners since it is a remarkable driver of organizational success. This research investigates the impact of SMIs homophily in developing customer brand engagement (CBE) and its impact on BL. We collected valid data from 412 respondents using laptop brands in Pakistan and used structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The findings indicate that the SMIs homophily is crucial in establishing CBE and BL. The results further show that CBE’s emotional and cognitive dimensions significantly mediate the relationship between SMIs homophily and BL. However, the emotional CBE has a stronger mediating impact on BL. The study provides valuable insights for brand managers to hire SMIs who resemble their fans to grab their loyalty toward the brand. This study unfolds new avenues in social media marketing, consumer behavior, and branding literature by understanding the association between SMIs homophily, CBE, and BL. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 207-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2024.2308285 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2024.2308285 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:207-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2254312_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Apiradee Wongkitrungrueng Author-X-Name-First: Apiradee Author-X-Name-Last: Wongkitrungrueng Author-Name: Krittinee Nuttavuthisit Author-X-Name-First: Krittinee Author-X-Name-Last: Nuttavuthisit Author-Name: Sankar Sen Author-X-Name-First: Sankar Author-X-Name-Last: Sen Title: Beyond skin-deep: Triple roles of salesperson attractiveness and consumer bargaining styles Abstract: Salesperson attractiveness produces varied effects in consumer perceptions and behaviors particularly in the retail bargaining context. However, little research has been conducted. This study, employing semi-structured interviews with sixty participants, explains the roles of salesperson attractiveness (i.e. aesthetic preference, power, and marketing cues) that can influence different consumer perspectives, from favor to fear, and approaches in negotiations (i.e. cooperation or competition). Research findings enhance better understanding of the beauty premium versus beauty penalty and suggest more mindful implications of retail strategies in salesperson management and consumer interactions. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 283-304 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2023.2254312 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2023.2254312 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:283-304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2308296_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Elif Idemen Author-X-Name-First: Elif Author-X-Name-Last: Idemen Author-Name: A. Banu Elmadag Author-X-Name-First: A. Banu Author-X-Name-Last: Elmadag Title: Beyond looks: How designer cues win over customers through social value, self-expression, and design involvement Abstract: While it is common practice to highlight the designer’s name in marketing communications, there is a lack of research on how these cues influence consumer evaluations. This article examines how the presence of designer cue affects social value perceptions and purchase intentions across two product categories in three experimental studies. The findings suggest that designer cues enhance consumers’ perceived social value by evoking feelings of sophistication and privilege. The study further highlights the emotional process involved in creating social value through designer cues and the role of design newness as a regulator. The results indicate that the effect of designer cue on purchase intention depends on the self-expressive value of the product and the consumer’s level of involvement in the design process. Consumers are more likely to purchase products with designer cues if they perceive the product as a means of signaling their identity and value design in their daily lives. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 186-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2024.2308296 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2024.2308296 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:186-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RGAM_A_2308298_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Wonbae Pang Author-X-Name-First: Wonbae Author-X-Name-Last: Pang Author-Name: Eunju Ko Author-X-Name-First: Eunju Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Minjung Cho Author-X-Name-First: Minjung Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Title: The effect of luxury brand erotic capital on luxury brand consumption value and purchase intention - focus on VIP customers Abstract: In today’s society, individuals invest considerable effort into enhancing their physical appearance for socioeconomic success. Despite significantly expanding the boundaries of luxury brands, there has been limited academic exploration into the analysis of luxury brand value from an erotic capital perspective. This study explores the effect of erotic capital on the consumption value and purchase intention of luxury brands. We surveyed 148 VIP customers of major luxury brands and ascertained key elements of erotic capital, notably finding that factors such as pleasure, beauty, and arousal positively influence consumer behavior. Additionally, we confirmed the moderating effects of age and VIP level. Our findings suggest that luxury brands should incorporate the concept of erotic capital into their designs and marketing strategies while maintaining their brand identity to effectively navigate rapidly changing market environments and expand their customer base. Journal: Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science Pages: 123-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/21639159.2024.2308298 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21639159.2024.2308298 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:jgsmks:v:34:y:2024:i:2:p:123-142