Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andy Pike Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Pike Author-Name: Danny MacKinnon Author-X-Name-First: Danny Author-X-Name-Last: MacKinnon Author-Name: Andrew Cumbers Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Cumbers Author-Name: Stuart Dawley Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Dawley Author-Name: Robert McMaster Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: McMaster Title: Doing Evolution in Economic Geography Abstract: Evolutionary approaches in economic geography face questions about the relationships between their concepts, theories, methods, politics, and policy implications. Amidst the growing but unsettled consensus that evolutionary approaches should employ plural methodologies, the aims here are, first, to identify some of the difficult issues confronting those working with different frameworks. The concerns comprise specifying and connecting research objects, subjects, and levels; handling agency and context; engaging and integrating the quantitative and the qualitative; comparing cases; and, considering politics, policy, and praxis. Second, the purpose is to articulate a distinctive geographical political economy approach, methods, and illustrative examples in addressing these issues. Bringing different views of evolution in economic geography into dialogue and disagreement renders methodological pluralism a means toward improved understanding and explanation rather than an end in itself. Confronting such thorny matters needs to be embedded in our research practices and supported by greater openness; more and better substantiation of our conceptual, theoretical, and empirical claims; enhanced critical reflection; and deeper engagement with politics, policy, and praxis. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 123-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1108830 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1108830 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:2:p:123-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arjen H. L. Slangen Author-X-Name-First: Arjen H. L. Author-X-Name-Last: Slangen Title: The Comparative Effect of Subnational and Nationwide Cultural Variation on Subsidiary Ownership Choices: The Role of Spatial Coordination Challenges and Penrosean Growth Constraints Abstract: To shed more light on the spatial determinants of foreign entry mode decisions, I examine the comparative effect of cultural variation inside target countries and target subnational regions on firms’ choices between joint ventures (JVs) and wholly owned subsidiaries. Based on the notions of spatial coordination challenges and Penrosean growth constraints, I argue that foreign entries tend to have a subnational scope, causing ownership mode choices to be more sensitive to target-region cultural variation than to target-country cultural variation. Accordingly, I hypothesize that target-region cultural varation has a more positive effect on the chance of JV selection than target-country cultural variation. I also hypothesize that this will be especially so for initially relatively large subsidiaries and subsidiaries established through acquisitions. An analysis of 170 entries by Dutch firms into 90 regions in 35 countries lends support to my hypotheses and indicates that the dominant effect of subnational cultural variation is not absolute but is confined to subsidiaries with specific establishment characteristics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 145-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1096196 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1096196 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:2:p:145-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Binz Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Binz Author-Name: Bernhard Truffer Author-X-Name-First: Bernhard Author-X-Name-Last: Truffer Author-Name: Lars Coenen Author-X-Name-First: Lars Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen Title: Path Creation as a Process of Resource Alignment and Anchoring: Industry Formation for On-Site Water Recycling in Beijing Abstract: Where and how new industrial paths emerge are much debated questions in economic geography, especially in light of the recent evolutionary turn. This article contributes to the ongoing debate on path creation with a new analytical framework that specifies the formation of generic resources in embryonic industries. It suggests that path creation processes are not only conditioned by preexisting regional capabilities and technological relatedness but also by the way firm and nonfirm actors mobilize and anchor key resources for industry formation. Our framework elaborates on the early industry development phase, extending the focus on regional knowledge spillovers in evolutionary economic geography (EEG) literature with recent insights on industry formation dynamics from innovation studies. It understands early path creation as conditioned by four systemic resource formation processes—knowledge creation, investment mobilization, market formation, and technology legitimation—that can be mobilized both from inside or anchored from outside the region. The use and value of the analytical framework is illustrated by a case study on on-site water recycling technology (OST), based on interviews with 40 experts in three Chinese city regions. The findings suggest that, despite possessing the least favorable initial conditions, a sizable OST industry developed only in Beijing. This is explained based on the specific anchoring process of the four key resources in the early development stage of the industry. Our results imply that EEG would profit from incorporating a broader set of variables than knowledge-based relatedness in explanations of regional industrial path creation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 172-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1103177 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1103177 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:2:p:172-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Davenport Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Davenport Author-Name: Doug Steigerwald Author-X-Name-First: Doug Author-X-Name-Last: Steigerwald Author-Name: Stuart Sweeney Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Sweeney Title: Open Trade, Price Supports, and Regional Price Behavior in Mexican Maize Markets Abstract: We analyze wholesale maize prices in 12 Mexican markets from 1998 to 2010, a period when markets became more open to inter- and intranational trade. We ask how the influence of global and local forces on Mexican maize prices changed during this period. We also explore how the strength of global and local forces varies across maize-producing regions. In general, we expect the influence of global forces to increase and local forces to decrease as markets become more open. We find that the influence of global forces does vary over the study period and, counter to expectation, is the highest at the beginning and middle of the period rather than at the end. This result suggests that even under less open market conditions, buyers and sellers were still following global price signals. In contrast, the influence of local forces follows expectation and decreases over time. However, the estimated pattern of response is not uniform across various maize-producing regions. Taken together, our results suggest that opening agricultural markets can result in regionally distinct outcomes and counterintuitive price behavior. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 201-225 Issue: 2 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1112731 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1112731 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:2:p:201-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: Polanyian Pathways: A review of by Fred Block and Margaret R. Somers and by Karl Polanyi; edited by Giorgio Resta and Mariavittoria Catanzariti Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 226-233 Issue: 2 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1096195 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1096195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:2:p:226-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2014—2015 Reviewers (August 1, 2014 to July 31, 2015) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 523-524 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12105 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12105 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:523-524 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thilde Langevang Author-X-Name-First: Thilde Author-X-Name-Last: Langevang Author-Name: Katherine V. Gough Author-X-Name-First: Katherine V. Author-X-Name-Last: Gough Author-Name: Paul W. K. Yankson Author-X-Name-First: Paul W. K. Author-X-Name-Last: Yankson Author-Name: George Owusu Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Owusu Author-Name: Robert Osei Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Osei Title: Bounded Entrepreneurial Vitality: The Mixed Embeddedness of Female Entrepreneurship Abstract: Despite the recent increased interest in female entrepreneurs, attention has tended to focus on dynamic individuals and generic incentives without considering the roles of gender and place in entrepreneurship. In this article, we draw on the notion of mixed embeddedness to explore how time-and-place–specific institutional contexts influence women’s entrepreneurship. Drawing on primary data collected in Ghana, where exceptionally more women engage in entrepreneurial activities than men, we examine the scale and characteristics of female entrepreneurial activity, exploring the factors that account for this strong participation of women, and examine whether this high entrepreneurial rate is also reflected in their performance and growth aspirations. The findings reveal a disjuncture between, on the one hand, the vibrant entrepreneurial endeavors of Ghanaian women and positive societal attitudes toward female entrepreneurship and, on the other hand, female business activities characterized by vulnerability and relatively low achievement. The article shows how regulatory, normative, and cultural–cognitive institutional forces, which have been transformed over time by local and global processes and their interaction, are concomitantly propelling and impeding women’s entrepreneurial activities. We propose that the study of female entrepreneurs within economic geography could be advanced by analyzing the differing effects of the complex, multiple, and shifting layers of institutional contexts in which they are embedded. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 449-473 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12092 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12092 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:449-473 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Ormond Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Ormond Title: New Regimes of Responsibilization: Practicing Product Carbon Footprinting in the New Carbon Economy Abstract: This article discusses how by voluntarily adopting new dimensions of corporate responsibility—for the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated by its products—global retailers not only position their organizations as responsible in the battle to win the hearts, minds, and wallets of their consumers, but also articulate a new solution for the mitigation of climate change aligned with their commercial interests. As part of this solution, retailers (and other brands) reimagined how GHG emissions should be allocated—shifting from a productionist-based to a consumptionist-based perspective—and redefined what they are responsible for and what their supply chains must care about. The article argues that the complexity involved in engaging tens, hundreds, or even thousands of individual organizations across numerous products’ supply chains means that requirements to measure and reduce a product’s carbon footprint cannot, and are not, simply pushed down a supply chain. Rather through a confluence of the practices of translation, observation, and normalization retailers are creating, fostering, and articulating new regimes of responsibilization within which actors across successive tiers of a product’s supply chains must measure, monitor, and reduce their own carbon footprints independently, conscientiously, and diligently, thereby enabling retailers to achieve carbon reductions at a distance. Seen through the Foucauldian-inspired lens of the technologies of the self and self-government under neoliberal governance regimes, this article suggests that, through the control of what is in a product’s carbon footprint, how this should be measured, and how it should be reduced—what are called here carbon truths—global retailers are working to consolidate their socioeconomic powers as sustainability leaders that fundamentally direct society’s response to, and mitigation of, climate change.© 2014 Clark University Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 425-448 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12095 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12095 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:425-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elisabeth Bublitz Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Bublitz Author-Name: Michael Fritsch Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch Author-Name: Michael Wyrwich Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Wyrwich Title: Balanced Skills and the City: An Analysis of the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Skill Balance, Thickness, and Innovation Abstract: Entrepreneurs are assumed to be multiskilled, covering a number of skills and achieving in each skill a level as high as possible. Being such a jack-of-all-trades increases the probability of running an entrepreneurial venture successfully, but what happens to the jack-of-few-trades who lacks sufficient skills? This article investigates a possible compensation mechanism between balanced skills and cities and how this compensatory measure relates to performance. Specifically, we test and find support for the idea put forward by Helsley and Strange that high market thickness, such as that found in cities, can compensate for a lack of entrepreneurial skill balance. The results indicate that entrepreneurs with low skill balance benefit more from being located in cities than their counterparts with high skill balance. Innovative firms do not differ from other businesses in this respect. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 475-508 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12097 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12097 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:475-508 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose Author-X-Name-First: Andrés Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose Author-Name: Viola von Berlepsch Author-X-Name-First: Viola Author-X-Name-Last: von Berlepsch Title: European Migration, National Origin and Long-term Economic Development in the United States Abstract: Have Irish, German, or Italian settlers arriving in the United States at the turn of the twentieth century left a trace that determines differences in economic development to this day? Does the national origin of migrants matter for long-term development? This article explores whether the distinct geographic settlement patterns of European migrants according to national origin affected economic development across U.S. counties. It uses microdata from the 1880 and 1910 censuses in order to identify where migrants from different nationalities settled and then regresses current levels of economic development on settlement patterns according to national origin, using both ordinary least squares and instrumental variable approaches. The analysis controls for a number of factors that would have determined the attractiveness of different U.S. counties at the time of migration as well as current levels of development. The results indicate that while there is a strong and positive impact associated with overall migration, differences in the quality of the institutions of the countries of origin of the migrant are not necessarily a good predictor for current levels of economic development of U.S. counties. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 393-424 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12099 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12099 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:393-424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Costis Hadjimichalis Author-X-Name-First: Costis Author-X-Name-Last: Hadjimichalis Title: . By Alain Touraine Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 515-517 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12100 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12100 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:515-517 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Title: . By William I. Robinson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 513-514 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12101 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12101 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:513-514 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Agnew Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Agnew Title: . By Rorden Wilkinson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 509-511 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12102 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12102 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:509-511 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melanie Fasche Author-X-Name-First: Melanie Author-X-Name-Last: Fasche Title: . Edited by Bastian Lange, Hans-Joachim Büurkner and Elke Schüußler Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 519-521 Issue: 4 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12103 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12103 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:4:p:519-521 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Bjørn Asheim Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim Title: The Concept of the Firm in Economic Geography Abstract: This paper argues that the poor conceptualization of the “firm” in economic geography detracts from the analytical strengths and policy relevance of the discipline. Identified as a phenotype, the firm remains ambiguous as an analytical category. This paper reviews nine overlapping conceptualizations of the firm in order to identify their relevance to the economic geography project. It discusses the broad strengths and weaknesses of these approaches and describes the unique perspective each provides on the nature and functioning of the firm. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 315-328 Issue: 4 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00167.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00167.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:4:p:315-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Maskell Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Maskell Title: The Firm in Economic Geography Abstract: This article is concerned with the alleged absence in economic geography of a particular microtheoretical foundation that spells out precisely what makes the central actor of the subdiscipline, “the firm,” behave and perform the way it does. It especially maintains that economic geography is characterized by the lack of a clear conception and understanding of why this specific form of organizing economic activity exists and prevails in a specialized exchange economy, the factors conditioning its size and boundaries, and the endogenous mechanisms that influence its mode of external interaction. The article proposes that theories developed in neighboring fields—particularly economics—can be identified, selected, and subsequently applied within economic geography by developing a selection mechanism based on a few simple criteria. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 329-344 Issue: 4 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00168.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00168.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:4:p:329-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Dicken Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Dicken Author-Name: Anders Malmberg Author-X-Name-First: Anders Author-X-Name-Last: Malmberg Title: Firms in Territories: A Relational Perspective Abstract: The role of space and place in shaping the transformation of firms and industries and the impact of such transformations on the wider processes of territorial development at local, regional, national, and global scales are basic research issues in economic geography. Such analyses tend to be compartmentalized, focusing on a specific economic activity or on a specific territory, rather than on the relationships between them. It is difficult simultaneously to conceptualize economic activities (including such phenomena as firms, industries, and other types of systems of networked economic activity), on the one hand, and territorially defined economies, on the other. In this paper, we address the interconnections between economic activities and territories through an exploration of the mutually constitutive relationships between firms and territories: the firm-territory nexus. The focus of our analysis is the nexus of three major dimensions—firms, industrial systems, and territories—embedded in turn in the overall macro dimension of governance systems. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-363 Issue: 4 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00169.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00169.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:4:p:345-363 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg Author-X-Name-First: Rolf Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg Author-Name: Olaf Arndt Author-X-Name-First: Olaf Author-X-Name-Last: Arndt Title: The Firm or the Region: What Determines the Innovation Behavior of European Firms? Abstract: This paper examines the determinants of innovation behavior in European firms that are predominantly small and medium in size. The aim is to assess the absolute as well as the relative impact on innovation behavior of firm-specific (i.e., internal) factors on the one hand and region-specific characteristics on the other. Two hypotheses are advanced and tested. The first is that—contrary in part to some recent literature on regional and national innovation systems—firm-specific determinants of innovation are more important than either region-specific or external factors. The second hypothesis is that in high-tech regions dominated by a small number of very large firms the innovation behavior of the smaller firms is more strongly influenced by regional factors than by factors internal to the firm. Whereas the first hypothesis is confirmed by the empirical results presented here, the second is not. Because firm-level innovation determinants are of great importance in the European regions investigated in this study, we suggest that local innovation policy should focus more on the specific needs of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in particular regions than on improving regional conditions for innovation in general. The analysis is mainly based on data from the European Regional Innovation Survey (ERIS) and includes information from more than 8,000 interviews with manufacturing firms, service firms, and research institutions in 11 European regions. The logit analyses reported in this paper used data from some 1,800 manufacturing firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 364-382 Issue: 4 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00170.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00170.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:4:p:364-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Pickles Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Pickles Author-Name: Beth Hartwick Author-X-Name-First: Beth Author-X-Name-Last: Hartwick Author-Name: William Doolittle Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Doolittle Author-Name: David Gibbs Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbs Author-Name: Kathleen Schroeder Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen Author-X-Name-Last: Schroeder Author-Name: Vanessa Slinger Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa Author-X-Name-Last: Slinger Author-Name: Richard Howitt Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Howitt Author-Name: Robert B. South Author-X-Name-First: Robert B. Author-X-Name-Last: South Author-Name: David Shively Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Shively Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 383-402 Issue: 4 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00171.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00171.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:4:p:383-402 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2001 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 403-403 Issue: 4 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00172.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00172.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:4:p:403-403 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre-Alexandre Balland Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Alexandre Author-X-Name-Last: Balland Author-Name: David Rigby Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Rigby Title: The Geography of Complex Knowledge Abstract: There is consensus among scholars and policy makers that knowledge is one of the key drivers of long-run economic growth. It is also clear from the literature that not all knowledge has the same value. However, too often in economic geography and cognate fields we have been obsessed with counting knowledge inputs and outputs rather than assessing the quality of knowledge produced. In this article we measure the complexity of knowledge, we map the distribution and the evolution of knowledge complexity in US cities, and we explore how the spatial diffusion of knowledge is linked to complexity. Our knowledge complexity index rests on the bimodal network models of Hidalgo and Hausmann. Analysis is based on more than two million patent records from the US Patent and Trademark Office that identify the technological structure of US metropolitan areas in terms of the patent classes in which they are most active between 1975 and 2010. We find that knowledge complexity is unevenly distributed across the United States and that cities with the most complex technological structures are not necessarily those with the highest rates of patenting. Citation data indicate that more complex patents are less likely to be cited than less complex patents when citing and cited patents are located in different metropolitan areas. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1205947 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1205947 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Guthman Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Guthman Title: Paradoxes of the Border: Labor Shortages and Farmworker Minor Agency in Reworking California’s Strawberry Fields Abstract: I examine how strawberry growers’ experiences of a farm labor shortage have led them to attend to plant vigor and the conditions of strawberry harvesting as a labor recruitment strategy. Both allow harvest workers, who work primarily on piece rates, to earn more money per input of time. These were unexpected findings in a larger study in which I examine how California’s strawberry industry is responding to tighter regulatory restrictions for soil fumigants. Drawn from semi-structured interviews with strawberry growers and industry representatives, these data paint a picture of worker capriciousness in an industry in which loyalty has been a major form of labor control. In making the empirical case, I engage with the work of Wells, who wrote extensively about how industry structure and the natural characteristics of the strawberry had coalesced to discipline workers. Noting that her arguments revolved on conditions of labor surplus, I discuss recent changes in labor market conditions, brought about in part by the changed US border and immigration policy, that have given workers a modicum of leverage. Nevertheless, working conditions remain grueling and pay rates not substantially changed, suggesting that growers would prefer to tinker with the technological conditions of production than significantly alter prevailing wages. In noting workers’ apparent effect on the material conditions in which they work, this article contributes to discussions in labor geography on worker agency in shaping economic landscapes at the same time it speaks to the broader constraints farmworkers face in agricultural labor markets. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 24-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1180241 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1180241 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:24-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Wachsmuth Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Wachsmuth Title: Infrastructure Alliances: Supply-Chain Expansion and Multi-city Growth Coalitions Abstract: Recent scholarship has suggested that infrastructure development is fragmenting local urban politics, but I argue that it has had the opposite impact at the multi-city regional scale. New multi-city growth coalitions are currently emerging across the United States, united by a shared interest in supply-chain expansion—the extension of effective supply chains and the intensification of circulatory possibilities in regional transportation networks. In this article I develop a theoretical account of these novel infrastructure alliances, and explore empirical examples across the domains of (1) logistics and trade, and (2) manufacturing and resource extraction supply chains. I conclude by considering possible future trajectories for infrastructure alliances and entrepreneurial urban governance. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 44-65 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1199263 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1199263 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:44-65 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Riccardo Crescenzi Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo Author-X-Name-Last: Crescenzi Author-Name: Alexander Jaax Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Author-X-Name-Last: Jaax Title: Innovation in Russia: The Territorial Dimension Abstract: The debate on Russia’s innovation performance has paid little attention to the role of geography. This article addresses this gap by integrating an evolutionary dimension in an augmented regional knowledge production function framework to examine the territorial dynamics of knowledge creation in Russia. The empirical analysis identifies a strong link between regional research and development (R&D) expenditure and patenting performance. However, R&D appears inadequately connected to regional human capital. Conversely, multinational enterprises (MNEs) play a fundamental role as global knowledge pipelines. The incorporation of historic variables reveals that the Russian case is a striking example of long-term path dependency in regional patterns of knowledge generation. Endowment with Soviet-founded science cities remains a strong predictor of current patenting. However, current innovation drivers and policies also concur to enhance (or hinder) innovation performance in all regions. The alignment of regional innovation efforts, exposure to localized knowledge flows and injections of foreign knowledge channeled by MNEs make path renewal and path creation possible, opening new windows of locational opportunity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 66-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1208532 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1208532 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:66-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Sheppard Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Sheppard Title: A review of , by Brett Christophers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 89-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1205944 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1205944 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:89-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lakshman Yapa Author-X-Name-First: Lakshman Author-X-Name-Last: Yapa Title: A review of , Edited by Ananya Roy and Emma Shaw Crane Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 91-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1198230 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1198230 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:91-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Clark Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: A review of , By Michael Storper, Tom Kemeny, Naji Makarem, and Taner Osman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 93-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1205945 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1205945 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:93-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Godwin Arku Author-X-Name-First: Godwin Author-X-Name-Last: Arku Title: A review of , Edited by David B. Audretsch, Albert N. Link, and Mary L. Walshok Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 96-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1198229 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1198229 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:96-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2015–2016 Reviewers (August 1, 2015 to July 31, 2016) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1264674 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1264674 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:99-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Annual Contents Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 101-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1264673 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1264673 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:1:p:101-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward J. Malecki Author-X-Name-First: Edward J. Author-X-Name-Last: Malecki Title: The Economic Geography of the Internet’s Infrastructure Abstract: The Internet is perhaps the defining technology of the emerging twenty-first century. This article examines the infrastructure that comprises the “network of networks” and the spatial patterns that have emerged in the Internet’s short existence. In its brief history, the Internet has manifested a tentative relationship with the urban hierarchy. This relationship is tracked over a four-year period (1997 to 2000), during which firms made massive investments in new fiber-optic lines and upgrades. A global bias of Internet backbone networks toward world cities is evident, and it is tempered only slightly by a set of urban areas that serve as interconnection points between backbone networks. Interconnection is both critical to the functioning of the Internet and the source of its greatest complications. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 399-424 Issue: 4 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00193.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00193.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:4:p:399-424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Bowen Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Bowen Title: Network Change, Deregulation, and Access in the Global Airline Industry Abstract: This research evaluates changes in the centrality of hubs in the international airline industry from 1984 to 1996 and examines the relationship between those changes and uneven patterns of airline industry deregulation. The development prospects of cities and countries with favored positions in international airline networks are enhanced by their superior access to global flows of people, goods, money, and information. But those networks are dynamic. Aircraft technology, the state, and shifts in market demand shape the restructuring of airline networks. The analyses in this article examine whether the relative accessibility of cities in poor developing countries has improved or worsened since the mid-1980s. Using data on international airline schedules, the author estimates indices of centrality for hubs around the world in 1984 and 1996 and contrasts changes in those indices against measures of development. The data indicate that the hubs in the poorest developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, became relatively more isolated during the period, while hubs in rapid-growth developing economies, like those along the western Pacific Rim, gained markedly in their accessibility. The deregulation of the airline industry has tended to reinforce the disparity in access among gateways in global airline networks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 425-439 Issue: 4 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00194.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00194.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:4:p:425-439 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Norma M. Rantisi Author-X-Name-First: Norma M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rantisi Title: The Competitive Foundations of Localized Learning and Innovation: The Case of Women’s Garment Production in New York City Abstract: This article considers the relevance of the “local” for firm learning in New York City’s Garment District. By documenting the design innovation process in the district’s women’s wear industry and the ways in which designers draw on the district’s specialized services and institutions to assist in the process, the article examines how a localized agglomeration or “cluster” facilitates the development of shared conventions and practices. It also shows how the district confers benefits on firms in indirect ways. Since apparel manufacturers operate in a U.S. regulatory framework that inhibits cooperation, the Garment District’s support institutions serve as production intermediaries, providing firms with a means to monitor and observe rival firms’ performances and solutions. As such, the case of the Garment District poses interesting challenges to the prevailing conceptions of the “local” as a site for cooperation and suggests the need to rethink the relevance of competition for learning and innovation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 441-462 Issue: 4 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00195.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00195.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:4:p:441-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nik Theodore Author-X-Name-First: Nik Author-X-Name-Last: Theodore Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: The Temporary Staffing Industry: Growth Imperatives and Limits to Contingency Abstract: The temporary staffing industry (TSI) in the United States has enjoyed explosive growth since the 1970s, during which time the market for temporary labor has become increasingly complex and diverse. Rather than focus, as has typically been done, on the wider labor market effects of this sustained expansion in temporary employment, this article explores patterns and processes of industrial restructuring in the TSI itself. The analysis reveals a powerfully recursive relationship among evolving TSI business practices, the industry’s strategies for building and extending the market, and urban labor market outcomes as the sector has grown through a series of qualitatively differentiated phases of development or “modes of growth.” Moreover, the distinctive character of the TSI’s geographic rollout raises a new set of questions concerning, inter alia, the links between temping and labor market deregulation, the nature of local competition, the scope for and limits of value-adding strategies, and the emerging global structure of the temp market. This idiosyncratic industry—which has been a conspicuous beneficiary of growing economic instability—has, throughout the past three decades, restructured continuously through a period of sustained but highly uneven growth. In so doing, it has proved to be remarkably inventive in extending the market for contingent labor, but has encountered a series of (possibly structural) obstacles to further expansion in its domestic market. These obstacles, in turn, have triggered an unprecedented phase of international integration in the TSI, along with a new mode of development—global growth. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 463-493 Issue: 4 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00196.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00196.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:4:p:463-493 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Megan K.L. McKenna Author-X-Name-First: Megan K.L. Author-X-Name-Last: McKenna Author-Name: E. Warwick Murray Author-X-Name-First: E. Warwick Author-X-Name-Last: Murray Title: Jungle Law in the Orchard: Comparing Globalization in the New Zealand and Chilean Apple Industries Abstract: Restructuring in the global apple market is leading to a pronounced tightening in the competitive spaces occupied by Southern Hemisphere producers. For New Zealand and Chile, the world’s two most successful apple-exporting countries, significant challenges are presented by projected industry trends, such as declining profitability in the global industry, increased world production, and the continued static demand in key markets. In particular, falling prices in Europe and North America for many key varieties and concomitant lower returns to growers are threatening serious and pervasive impacts. This article explores some of these challenges in the context of the significantly different positions occupied by New Zealand and Chile within the global fresh fruit and vegetable complex. An analysis of the two countries’ industries, particularly comparing issues of regulation and innovative varietal development, shows that global food complexes have highly variable spatial expressions, given their process-based nature and underlying dynamics of contestation. Focusing on the increased competition between the New Zealand and Chilean apple industries, the discussion sheds light on wider emerging competitive dynamics within the global fruit industry. The example of the recent Pacific Rose crisis, which involved Chilean “theft” of an exclusive New Zealand apple variety, is used to illustrate the emergence of “jungle law” in the Southern Hemisphere apple industries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 495-514 Issue: 4 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00197.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00197.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:4:p:495-514 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Christopherson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Christopherson Author-Name: Laura Barraclough Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Barraclough Author-Name: Stuart Lorkin Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Lorkin Author-Name: Michael Goodchild Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Goodchild Author-Name: Stuart Corbridge Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Corbridge Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 515-522 Issue: 4 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00198.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00198.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:4:p:515-522 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Goodwin-White Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin-White Title: “Go West, Young Woman?”: The Geography of the Gender Wage Gap through the Great Recession Abstract: Despite headline-grabbing accounts of the mancession and childless metropolitan-dwelling women who earn more than men, the gender wage gap remains persistent. However, the spatiality of the gender wage gap has received little attention. I ask whether, where, and how the gender wage gap changed with the Great Recession. Using American Community Survey pooled surveys for 2005–2007 and 2011–2013, I model counterfactual wage distributions for full-time male and female workers in the top one hundred metro areas of the United States, controlling for education, age, experience, and occupation. Gender inequality is polarizing spatially and across the wage distribution, and the recession exacerbates this pattern. Gender gaps decline most in the Rustbelt, but show relative increases in many Western metro areas. Further, declines are mostly among below-median earning workers, whereas increases are likely at the seventy-fifth or ninetieth percentiles. Disproportionate returns to men’s characteristics explain much of these geographic and distributional shifts. The combination of geographic and distributional analysis reveals a more thorough picture of how gender inequality shifted with the recession, since previous patterns of uneven development under economic restructuring are still evident. The analysis also signposts regions of emerging gender inequality where relative equality is often presumed, suggesting critical research directions for feminist and economic geographers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 331-354 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1427505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1427505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:331-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Don J. Webber Author-X-Name-First: Don J. Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Author-Name: Adrian Healy Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Healy Author-Name: Gillian Bristow Author-X-Name-First: Gillian Author-X-Name-Last: Bristow Title: Regional Growth Paths and Resilience: A European Analysis Abstract: Research highlighting the differential resilience of economies to shocks opens up the possibility that long-run growth paths are associated with how regions cope with and recover from such shocks. To date, however, there has been limited exploration into whether long-run evolutionary growth paths or trajectories influence regional economic resilience and what types of trajectories might be more associated with resilience. This article explores the connections between regional economic resilience and regional and national growth trajectories by utilizing a novel set of methods to group regions according to the similarity of their growth paths, identifying the relative importance of national growth for regional growth, and categorizing regions according to their resilience to the 2007–2008 economic crisis. The results suggest that regions have empirically identifiable long-run and path-dependent development trajectories that are significantly associated with industrial employment shares and observed resilience outcomes. Critically, however, these regional growth paths are significantly shaped by national trajectories. Furthermore, regions with greater employment shares in sectors that are less susceptible to demand fluctuations are likely to experience more stable growth rates and be more resilient to economic downturns. This has implications for understanding the importance of evolutionary trends and specifically the role of national contexts and industrial legacies in shaping regional resilience. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 355-375 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1419057 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1419057 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:355-375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Author-Name: Eric Knight Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Knight Author-Name: Phillip O’Neill Author-X-Name-First: Phillip Author-X-Name-Last: O’Neill Author-Name: Vladimír Pažitka Author-X-Name-First: Vladimír Author-X-Name-Last: Pažitka Title: Economic Geography of Investment Banking Since 2008: The Geography of Shrinkage and Shift Abstract: Investment bank capitalism might have foundered during the global financial crisis in 2008, but what has happened to investment banks? Our analysis reveals that core investment banking activities have experienced a significant contraction, accompanied by diminished institutional and geographic concentration. Large banks have experienced the largest falls in revenue, and Asian banks have capitalized on the growth of their local capital markets. With direct access to the largest market in the world, US banks remain dominant globally, but their market shares have declined. Our results highlight the variegated nature of change under way in the global financial system, and its implications for geopolitics and geoeconomics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 376-399 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1448264 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1448264 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:376-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeff Neilson Author-X-Name-First: Jeff Author-X-Name-Last: Neilson Author-Name: Bill Pritchard Author-X-Name-First: Bill Author-X-Name-Last: Pritchard Author-Name: Niels Fold Author-X-Name-First: Niels Author-X-Name-Last: Fold Author-Name: Angga Dwiartama Author-X-Name-First: Angga Author-X-Name-Last: Dwiartama Title: Lead Firms in the Cocoa–Chocolate Global Production Network: An Assessment of the Deductive Capabilities of GPN 2.0 Abstract: Recent models of Global Production Network Theory (known as GPN 2.0) have attempted to theoretically explain the underlying determinants, or causal drivers, of particular industry network configurations, which in turn shape the territorial outcomes for regional development. To date, the ability of this ambitious conceptual model to thereby explain economic geography has remained largely untested beyond the select industry networks examined by its proponents, most notably the electronics, retail, and automotive sectors of East Asia. In this article, we stress test the causative model for the case of lead firms in the global cocoa–chocolate sector, and assess its ability to subsequently explain industry configurations and territorial outcomes in a particular country: Indonesia. Our application suggests that GPN 2.0 has considerable utility for directing empirical research, but challenges beset its fuller theoretical promise. We identify a problematic relationship between the deductive causality implied by GPN 2.0 and the inherent relationality of GPN 1.0 that remains, in our view, unresolved. As a result, we remain skeptical of the broader theoretical claims that GPN 2.0 possesses explanatory powers capable of deducing industry network configurations from a discrete set of supposedly independent variables. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 400-424 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1426989 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1426989 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:400-424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jorge Bermejo Carbonell Author-X-Name-First: Jorge Author-X-Name-Last: Bermejo Carbonell Author-Name: Richard A. Werner Author-X-Name-First: Richard A. Author-X-Name-Last: Werner Title: Does Foreign Direct Investment Generate Economic Growth? A New Empirical Approach Applied to Spain Abstract: It is often asserted with confidence that foreign direct investment (FDI) is beneficial for economic growth in the host economy. Empirical evidence has been mixed, and there remain gaps in the literature. The majority of FDI has been directed at developed countries. Single-country studies are needed, due to the heterogeneous relationship between FDI and growth, and because the impact of FDI on growth is said to be largest in open, advanced developed countries with an educated workforce and developed financial markets (although research has focused on developing countries). We fill these gaps with an improved empirical methodology to check whether FDI has enhanced growth in Spain, one of the largest receivers of FDI, whose gross domestic product growth was above average but has escaped scrutiny. During the observation period 1984–2010, FDI rose significantly, and Spain offered ideal conditions for FDI to unfold its hypothesized positive effects on growth. We run a horse race between various potential explanatory variables, including the neglected role of bank credit for the real economy. The results are robust and clear: The favorable Spanish circumstances yield no evidence for FDI to stimulate economic growth. The Spanish EU and euro entry are also found to have had no positive effect on growth. The findings call for a fundamental rethinking of methodology in economics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 425-456 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1393312 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1393312 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:425-456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Tufts Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Tufts Title: Labor. By Andrew Herod. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 457-458 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1474077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1474077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:457-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juliane Collard Author-X-Name-First: Juliane Author-X-Name-Last: Collard Title: Bioinformation. By Bronwyn Parry and Beth Greenhough Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 459-460 Issue: 4 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1485486 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1485486 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:4:p:459-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Linda McDowell Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: McDowell Author-Name: Adina Batnitzky Author-X-Name-First: Adina Author-X-Name-Last: Batnitzky Author-Name: Sarah Dyer Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Dyer Title: Division, Segmentation, and Interpellation: The Embodied Labors of Migrant Workers in a Greater London Hotel Abstract: In this article, we explore the ways in which a divided and segmented migrant labor force is assembled to serve guests in a London hotel. We draw on previous studies of hotel work, as well as on cultural analyses of the ways in which employers and managers use stereotypical assumptions about the embodied attributes of workers to name workers as suitable for particular types of labor. We argue that a dual process of interpellation operates within service-sector workplaces that is reinforced and resisted in daily social practices and relationships between managers, workers, and guests in a hotel. The article, which draws on a case study of employment practices in a large London hotel, looks in detail at the micropolitics of everyday working lives, the representation of workers of different nationalities, and the performance of service work. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00331.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00331.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:1-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erik Stam Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Stam Title: Why Butterflies Don’t Leave: Locational Behavior of Entrepreneurial Firms Abstract: Entrepreneurship is an important process in regional economic development. Especially the growth of new firms is of major significance to the commercialization of new ideas and employment growth. These growing new firms are transforming structurally like caterpillars turning into butterflies. However, like butterflies, they are at risk of leaving their region of origin for better places. This article analyzes how and why the spatial organization of firms develops subsequent to their start-up. A new conceptual framework and an empirical study of the life course of entrepreneurial firms are used to construct a theory on the firms’ locational behavior that explains that behavior as the outcome of a process of initiatives by entrepreneurs, enabled and constrained by resources, capabilities, and relations with stakeholders within and outside the firms. The study shows that entrepreneurs decide whether to move their firms outside their region of origin for different reasons in distinct phases of the firms’ life course. Being embedded in social networks, for example, is an important constraint on locational behavior during the early life course of a firm, but over time it becomes less important, and other mechanisms, such as sunk costs, increasingly determine a firm’s locational behavior. The development of spatial organization is also of major importance: when a multilocational spatial organization has been realized, it is much easier to move the headquarters to another region. The spatial organization of entrepreneurial firms co-evolves with the accumulation of the firms’ capabilities. A developmental approach that incorporates evolutionary mechanisms and recognizes human agency provides new insights into the age-old study of the location of firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 27-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00332.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00332.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:27-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stuart Dawley Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Dawley Title: Fluctuating Rounds of Inward Investment in Peripheral Regions: Semiconductors in the North East of England Abstract: This article extends economic geography research on foreign direct investment episodes by developing a historically grounded understanding of the socio-institutional relations that shape and constrain different rounds of (dis)investment by multinational enterprises (MNEs) within a host region. Sensitive to the roles of contextuality, path dependency, and contingency, it argues that the temporal and spatial dynamics of volatile MNE (dis)investment are best tackled using a conceptual framework that accords a full and active role to the agency of the firm and its interrelations with the geographically variable socioinstitutional contexts that produce, regulate, and mediate investment decisions. The framework is used to interpret the brief but fluctuating history of the semiconductor fabrication industry in North Tyneside in the old industrial region of North East England. Within each investment episode, the empirical findings reveal the pivotal power and agency of the corporation in shaping and connecting processes across a variety of scales, places, and times. Contrasting corporate strategies illustrate the dynamic and contingent ways in which home and host national institutional contexts matter in mediating and regulating MNE investment decisions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 51-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00333.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00333.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:51-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rob Lambert Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Lambert Author-Name: Michael Gillan Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Gillan Title: “Spaces of Hope”? Fatalism, Trade Unionism, and the Uneven Geography of Capital in White Goods Manufacturing Abstract: By engaging the “politics of scale,” the discourse of labor geography challenges the fatalism and consequent passivity that pervades much of the labor movement when it is confronted by corporate restructuring. An optimistic view of agency is central to this theoretical intervention. On the basis of empirical research on workers’ responses to a transnational corporation’s restructuring of a large refrigerator factory in rural Australia, this article highlights contradictory reactions to restructuring, thereby questioning the conception of agency that is at the heart of the labor geography project. Our data suggest a need to refine a theory that tends toward voluntarism in stressing workers’ autonomy by developing a more complex, contradictory, and embedded conception. The latter reveals the unpredictable, dynamic, and contested character of agency in which the strategic response of unionism is a critical variable. The results reveal the power of a new discourse on scale in transforming fatalism. Although this initiative in Australia is now in the first phase of evolving a new institutional expression of this discourse, the data reveal how the union’s policy decision to rescale and network globally within the corporation has empowered those who are determined to act, thereby undermining the passivity and fatalism of the majority. This transformation of social consciousness is a crucial trigger in the shift toward globally networked forms of unionism. To date, the labor geography literature has not adequately addressed the relationship between discourse, consciousness, and action. The article concludes that this new direction may have a wider significance in the global dynamic between corporations and civil society and may point to a more systematic, long-term change in the geographic scale of unionism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 75-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00334.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00334.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:75-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Sayer Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Sayer Title: . By Nigel Thrift Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 97-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00335.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00335.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:97-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Christopherson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Christopherson Title: . By Allen J. Scott Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-101 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00336.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00336.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:99-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beverley Mullings Author-X-Name-First: Beverley Author-X-Name-Last: Mullings Title: . Edited by Carolyn Cartier and Alan A. Lew Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 103-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00337.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00337.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:103-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sharad Chari Author-X-Name-First: Sharad Author-X-Name-Last: Chari Title: . Edited by Alan Smart and Josephine Smart Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-109 Issue: 1 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00338.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00338.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:1:p:107-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gail M. Hollander Author-X-Name-First: Gail M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hollander Title: Securing Sugar: National Security Discourse and the Establishment of Florida’s Sugar-Producing Region Abstract: This article explores the critical role that discourses of national security and national food self-sufficiency played in the establishment of Florida’s sugar-producing region. The primary theoretical engagement is with work in economic and cultural geography that analyzes the material and discursive construction of commodities and the regions that produce them. Attention is directed toward the regulatory effects of discourse, as manifested through the establishment of state institutions, rules, and practices that regulate global sugar production and trade. The approach is historical, demonstrating the persistence of national security discourses over several decades as the broader political-economic and geopolitical contexts for U.S. sugar production shifted. These contextual shifts presented the sugar industry and its political supporters with discursive opportunities for framing state protectionism in the global sugar trade as vital to national security. The empirical foundation of this analysis has two methodological components, the first of which documents the role and form of discursive practices. The second component addresses the broader and larger-scale political-economic contexts for the discursive practices of Florida sugar interests—specifically a century of shifting global geopolitics and the United States’s role in international affairs. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 339-358 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00278.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00278.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:339-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Sparke Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Sparke Author-Name: Elizabeth Brown Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Dominic Corva Author-X-Name-First: Dominic Author-X-Name-Last: Corva Author-Name: Heather Day Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Day Author-Name: Caroline Faria Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Faria Author-Name: Tony Sparks Author-X-Name-First: Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Sparks Author-Name: Kirsten Varg Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten Author-X-Name-Last: Varg Title: The World Social Forum and the Lessons for Economic Geography Abstract: This article examines the development of the World Social Forum (WSF) using theoretical arguments that have emerged from the new economic geography. In particular, it draws on the critique of economistic accounts of globalization by Richa Nagar, Victoria Lawson, Linda McDowell, and Susan Hanson to evaluate how far the WSF serves to move beyond institutional, spatial, and personal barriers that often limit academic debate over neoliberalism and global economic change. Following this critique, the authors evaluate how far the criticisms of neoliberalism that have been articulated at the WSF transcend traditional barriers to inclusion in debates and struggles over globalization. As such, the article examines the degree to which the WSF allows for (1) informal economic spheres to be considered and connected to formal economic developments, such as the Free Trade Area of the Americas;(2) excluded spaces and places to be discussed and involved; and (3) excluded actors and subjects to be both represented and included in the debates. The conclusions point to the limits of what has been accomplished at the WSF, but also underline the progress that it represents toward modeling a more socially, culturally, and internationally inclusive critique of neoliberal globalization for economic geographers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 359-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00279.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00279.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:359-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefan Buzar Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Buzar Title: The Institutional Trap in the Czech Rental Sector: Nested Circuits of Power, Space, and Inequality Abstract: An “institutional trap”is a sequence of misplaced regulatory steps that have increased the costs of institutional transformation to the level at which inefficient structures can remain stable, despite changes in the external economic environment. This is a common occurrence in Central and Eastern Europe because of the path-dependent nature of the postsocialist transformation process. This article examines the organizational and territorial transformations of housing, utility, and social welfare policies in the Czech Republic through a comparative analysis of institutional power geometries and household expenditures at the national scale. The results indicate that the Czech Republic is facing an institutional trap in the restructuring of its rent control and social welfare policies. The trap operates within three nested circuits: the power geometries of postsocialist reforms, the geographies of housing prices and social welfare, and the consumption patterns of disadvantaged households. The lock-in created by the trap can be resolved only through carefully targeted and synchronized social support and housing investment programs, parallel to rent liberalization. This article argues for comprehensive, rather than partial, solutions to the institutional trap and emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the relationships among institutions, space, and inequality. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 381-405 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00280.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00280.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:381-405 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donald S. Houston Author-X-Name-First: Donald S. Author-X-Name-Last: Houston Title: Methods to Test the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis Abstract: The spatial mismatch hypothesis postulates that employment deconcentration within U.S. metropolitan areas goes some way toward explaining higher unemployment and lower wages among ethnic minority groups, since these groups are more likely to reside in central-city areas. However, little consensus has emerged on the importance of spatial mismatch in explaining disadvantage in the labor market. This article argues that conflicting evidence is the result of the variety of methods that have been used to test the spatial mismatch hypothesis. Moreover, it draws attention to a number of hitherto uncovered flaws in some of these methods that introduce systematic biases against finding evidence in support of the hypothesis. In light of these flaws, favored methods for future research are highlighted. Drawing on evidence from British conurbations that display similar spatial inequalities to U.S. metropolitan areas despite much smaller ethnic minority populations, the article contends that race does not lie at the heart of the spatial mismatch problem. Three areas in which the spatial mismatch hypothesis should be reconceptualized are identified: first, its emphasis should be on spatial, not racial, inequalities; second, it needs to differentiate between residential immobility and residential segregation, which are quite different; and third, it needs to recognize that the extent and the effect of spatial mismatch are distinct and should be measured separately. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 407-434 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00281.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00281.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:407-434 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Barney Warf Author-X-Name-First: Barney Author-X-Name-Last: Warf Title: . Edited by Michael Dear and Steven Flusty Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 435-436 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00282.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00282.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:435-436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Graham Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Graham Title: . Edited by Andrew Leyshon, Roger Lee and Colin C. Williams Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 437-438 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00283.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00283.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:437-438 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert E. Ford Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. Author-X-Name-Last: Ford Title: . By the Association of American Geographers Global Change and Local Places Research Team. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 439-440 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00284.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00284.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:439-440 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Lee Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: . By Richard Peet with Beate Born, Mia Davis, Kendra Fehrer, Matthew Feinstein, Steve Feldman, Sahar Rahman Khan, Mazen Labban, Kristin McArdle, Ciro Marcano, Lisa Meierotto, Daniel Niles, Thomas Ponniah, Marion C. Schmidt, Guido Schwarz, Josephine Shagwert, Michael P. Staton, and Samuel Stratton. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 441-443 Issue: 4 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00285.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00285.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:441-443 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David P. Lindahl Author-X-Name-First: David P. Author-X-Name-Last: Lindahl Author-Name: William B. Beyers Author-X-Name-First: William B. Author-X-Name-Last: Beyers Title: The Creation of Competitive Advantage by Producer Service Establishments Abstract: In this paper we focus on how competitive advantage is constructed by producer service businesses, how it varies among establishments with different characteristics, and how it affects establishment performance. Sources of competitive advantage stem from characteristics such as quality, price, creativity and innovation, flexibility, timeliness of delivery, and scope of services offered. We present a detailed evaluation of the competitive advantage model developed by Porter (1990) and review applications of this model to the producer services. We find this model to be partially successful in distinguishing between superior and inferior performance by producer service businesses, with important differences observed across age, organizational type, and size of business. We develop an expanded model of factors related to competitive advantage and performance, which includes not only factors contained in the Porter model, but dimensions particular to the information-oriented producer services, such as creativity, geographic proximity, R&D capabilities, and adaptability to client needs. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-20 Issue: 1 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00071.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00071.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:1:p:1-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Breandán Ó HUallacháin Author-X-Name-First: Breandán Ó Author-X-Name-Last: HUallacháin Author-Name: David Wasserman Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Wasserman Title: Vertical Integration in a Lean Supply Chain: Brazilian Automobile Component Parts Abstract: Brazil’s automobile component parts industry shows that vertical integration and scale economies endure within flexible production systems. Recent neoliberal economic reforms propelled vehicle assemblers to adopt flexible modes of production and subcontract component manufacturing. However, transactional hazards in supply chains escalated as first-tier subsystem assemblers had to rely on small, opportunistic, and inefficient parts makers. Large tier one suppliers purchased existing parts makers and invested in greenfield facilities to service both new flexibly organized vehicle assembly plants in southern Brazil and Argentina and restructured assembly plants in the traditional automobile complex of São Paulo. We focus on Dana Corporation, Bradesco Bank, and British Tyre and Rubber Corporation—firms that assemble chasses, engines, and body subsystems, respectively. These companies dominate their segment of the parts industry, delivering subsystems to a growing network of flexible vehicle assembly plants throughout Brazil. Large-batch parts production, subsystem assembly by a few major multinational tier one suppliers, and ownership consolidation underscore the continued role of vertical integration and scale economies in automobile production chains. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 21-42 Issue: 1 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00072.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00072.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:1:p:21-42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tad Mutersbaugh Author-X-Name-First: Tad Author-X-Name-Last: Mutersbaugh Title: Bread or Chainsaws? Paths to Mobilizing Household Labor for Cooperative Rural Development in a Oaxacan Village (Mexico) Abstract: This ethnographic case study of a rural production co-op in the indigenous community of Santa Cruz (Oaxaca, Mexico) documents men’s efforts to enlist women’s participation in men’s co-op projects. Over an eight-year period, men initiated a number of production projects, only to see them fail when women refused to participate. I use data from participant observation, surveys, and interviews to construct gendered time-geographies of agricultural and co-op project labor. These reveal the existence of labor crises, moments in the agricultural calendar when men’s labor is insufficient to cover both household and co-op tasks. Men’s attempts to mobilize women’s labor power were met with women’s counterstrategies of resistance. Ultimately, women established their own co-op production section (bakery) when men opted to incorporate them into the co-op as decision makers. The analysis suggests, first, that development project dynamics are fluid and, within specific circumstances, can enhance women’s social and economic position vis-à-vis men. Second, participation is always partial and contingent and best examined within a context of ongoing negotiations. Lastly, poststructuralist time-geographies may contribute to development analysis when conceived as both material and discursive practices bound to geographic imaginaries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 43-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00073.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00073.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:1:p:43-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Long Gen Ying Author-X-Name-First: Long Gen Author-X-Name-Last: Ying Title: China’s Changing Regional Disparities during the Reform Period Abstract: I examine regional disparities in China during the reform period (1978–94) based on the latest measures of provincial per capita GDP. Results reveal a “U-shaped” pattern in regional inequality over time. Regional inequality in per capita GDP among the 30 provinces of China diminished as reforms progressed until 1990, after which it started widening. This diminishing trend was due to a significant decline in income inequality among provinces in the coastal region. A further test indicates that an increase in per capita GDP in the southern coastal provinces is the main reason for declining regional inequality in China during the early reform period (1978–90). Rising GDP in the southern coastal belt also led to widening regional disparities between coastal and interior regions after 1978. As a result, regional inequality in per capita GDP among the 30 provinces has worsened since 1990. From 1992 to 1994, regional disparities between coastal and interior provinces became more significant than the traditional North-South inequality in the Chinese space economy within the context of uneven regional development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 59-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00074.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00074.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:1:p:59-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon M. Winder Author-X-Name-First: Gordon M. Author-X-Name-Last: Winder Title: The North American Manufacturing Belt in 1880: A Cluster of Regional Industrial Systems or One Large Industrial District? Abstract: As a supply region for manufacturers, the nineteenth-century North American Manufacturing Belt can be conceived as a series of regional industrial systems, as one large industrial district, or as a chaotic conception, since industries built their own industrial networks without reference to the belt. Analysis of the supply linkages of two 1870s manufacturers reveals extensive disintegrated supply networks within the belt. The manufacturers functioned within the belt as a whole, and long-distance linkages were central to their activities, even when they located their operation within an “industrial district.” By 1880, manufacturers’ supply networks spilled over regional industrial system boundaries. Metropolitan centers did not dominate linkage behavior. These findings indicate that perhaps the belt as a whole functioned as an innovative milieu for manufacturers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 71-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00075.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00075.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:1:p:71-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jason Hackworth Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Hackworth Author-Name: Briavel Holcomb Author-X-Name-First: Briavel Author-X-Name-Last: Holcomb Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen Author-Name: Alicja Muszynski Author-X-Name-First: Alicja Author-X-Name-Last: Muszynski Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 93-107 Issue: 1 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00076.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00076.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:1:p:93-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan L. Cornish Author-X-Name-First: Susan L. Author-X-Name-Last: Cornish Title: Product Innovation and the Spatial Dynamics of Market Intelligence: Does Proximity to Markets Matter? Abstract: The expanding literature on the contribution of producer services to production and new product development makes it clear that information about markets, or market intelligence (MI), is a critical input to product innovation. At the same time, research on user-producer interaction suggests that as distance between producers and users increases, the amount of information exchanged tends to decline because opportunities for face-to-face contact diminish. The implication is that firms in peripheral locations and countries with small domestic markets may have difficulty generating sufficient MI to develop successful products. Yet, other studies suggest that it may be possible for producers with small or weak home markets to import information inputs quite effectively from larger or more sophisticated markets. My objectives in this paper are twofold. First, I outline the nature of MI and its value to producers based on the existing literature and empirical research in the Canadian software product sector. Second, I investigate the spatial dimensions of the MI process. The geographic source of the various components of MI is determined, and the implications of distance between producers and markets for the acquisition of information such as MI are addressed. The findings of this exploratory study are not definitive, however, this analysis suggests that while MI is a crucial input to product innovation, proximity between producers and markets plays a limited role in effective product innovation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 143-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00065.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00065.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:2:p:143-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Altha J. Cravey Author-X-Name-First: Altha J. Author-X-Name-Last: Cravey Title: The Politics of Reproduction: Households in the Mexican Industrial Transition Abstract: A household-level analysis helps to reveal the dynamics of a transition in Mexican industrial strategy from the state-led import substitution strategy dominant from 1930 to 1976 to the neoliberal one dominant today. The results suggest that gender restructuring was a crucial element of industrial restructuring. The new industrial strategy, which relies on substantial foreign investment and adopts many of the norms of maquiladora production, has reshaped the industrial household into a multitude of forms. In the case study presented, these range from huge company-run single-sex dormitories to a variety of extended family households. In these new households the gender division of domestic labor has been renegotiated. Indepth interviews reveal that such micro-scale struggles result from, and influence, the new factory regime. There is a dialectical connection between gender relations (that is, specific gender divisions of domestic labor) and production regimes in Mexico. Public social policies reinforce this dynamic by shaping factory regimes gendered in specific ways. More generally, this research indicates that the dynamics of household and gender relations are essential to an understanding of largescale socioeconomic change. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 166-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00066.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00066.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:2:p:166-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Hayter Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Hayter Author-Name: David Edgington Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Edgington Title: Cutting Against the Grain: A Case Study of MacMillan Bloedel’s Japan Strategy Abstract: For many Western corporations, Japan poses formidable barriers to export and investment. Although trade policy confrontations with Japan have been scrutinized, the strategies pursued by Western corporations in attempting to penetrate the Japanese economy remain poorly understood. This paper addresses this lacuna via a corporate case study. Conceptually, we provide an alternative to the established theory of the international firm, outlining a model that integrates the related concepts of spatial entry advantages-spatial entry barriers, learning-bargaining processes, and control-efficiency considerations. We explore the model empirically by examining MacMillan Bloedel’s (MB’s) strategy of export (and investment) diversification toward Japan. The data come mainly from unstructured interviews with representatives inside and outside the firm. The analysis documents the extensive marketing initiatives undertaken by MB in pursuit of Japanese markets and the substantial changes required in its British Columbia-based production facilities. In the terms of the model presented, MB has invested to an unusual degree (among forest product corporations) in understanding Japanese markets and in gaining bargaining leverage in order to exploit its entry advantages effectively. More so than rival firms, which have relied on traditional ways of tapping into Japanese markets, MB has stressed the efficiency benefits of having greater control within the Japanese distribution system. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 187-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00067.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00067.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:2:p:187-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David H. Kaplan Author-X-Name-First: David H. Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplan Title: The Creation of an Ethnic Economy: Indochinese Business Expansion in Saint Paul Abstract: Research on ethnic diversity in U.S. cities has focused on how the growth of a particular population within a defined, and often segregated, geographic area fosters the emergence of an ethnically oriented business and labor market. While several studies have looked at ethnic economies in U.S. cities, comparatively little attention has been paid to how well these examples meet the definition of ethnic enclave economies, a special type of ethnic economy that may afford opportunities equal to that of the mainstream economy. In Saint Paul, Minnesota, refugees from Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos have established a set of businesses within a geographically specific section of the city. Data from the 1990 U.S. census and a special data set that records businesses by location, type, and size for 1981 and 1991 are used to assess how well this emerging economy satisfies certain criteria for an ethnic enclave economy and to gauge the level of resources enjoyed by the Indochinese community. In this paper I conclude that the Indochinese ethnic economy in Saint Paul satisfies some aspects of the ethnic enclave economy and that this has been accomplished with a minimum of individual financial or educational resources. At the same time, the Indochinese economy has yet to develop the broad employment opportunities, sectoral diversity, and business-to-business linkages that would position it as a true alternative to the mainstream economy. This may change as the Indochinese in Saint Paul begin to deepen and broaden their economic niche. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 214-233 Issue: 2 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00068.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00068.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:2:p:214-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard A. Wright Author-X-Name-First: Richard A. Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Author-Name: Mark Ellis Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis Author-Name: Michael Reibel Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Reibel Title: The Linkage between Immigration and Internal Migration in Large Metropolitan Areas in the United States Abstract: This paper investigates the relationship between the internal migration of native-born workers and flows of immigrants to the United States using the 1980 and 1990 U.S. Census Bureau microsamples. A growing body of research asserts that places like New York, Los Angeles, and Miami suffer net losses of native-born workers, particularly the unskilled, because of immigration. We contend that large metropolitan areas suffer net losses of internal migrants for reasons other than the flow of immigrants to these localities. Based on the estimation of three sets of regression models for five overlapping samples of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States and five mutually exclusive segments of the labor force, this analysis shows that the finding of a significant linkage between internal migration and immigration depends critically on the empirical experiment used. In direct opposition to previous published research, we conclude that net migration of the native born for metropolitan areas is either positively related or unrelated to immigration. Our models show that the net migration loss of unskilled native workers from metropolitan areas is probably a function of those cities’ population size rather than immigrant flow to them. We conclude that the net migration loss of native-born workers from large metropolitan areas is more likely the result of industrial restructuring than of competition with immigrants. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 234-254 Issue: 2 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00069.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00069.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:2:p:234-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Brown Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Frank Hodges Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Hodges Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Author-Name: Patricia L. Price Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L. Author-X-Name-Last: Price Author-Name: Liz Bondi Author-X-Name-First: Liz Author-X-Name-Last: Bondi Author-Name: B. Ikubolajeh Logan Author-X-Name-First: B. Ikubolajeh Author-X-Name-Last: Logan Author-Name: Glen S. Elder Author-X-Name-First: Glen S. Author-X-Name-Last: Elder Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 255-268 Issue: 2 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00070.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00070.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:2:p:255-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tara Vinodrai Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Vinodrai Title: Reproducing Toronto’s Design Ecology: Career Paths, Intermediaries, and Local Labor Markets Abstract: Creativity is becoming the currency of the contemporary economy. A sustained literature in economic geography and elsewhere has pointed to the importance of creativity, especially in the cultural industries. Production in these sectors often rests upon access to deep pools of highly skilled talent, primarily in large urban regions. However, the recent literature has stated that cultural or creative inputs are not limited to these industries, but also extend into other sectors of the economy that benefit from access to the same (local) labor markets. It is argued that creative work is primarily project based and that highly skilled creative professionals move seamlessly from project to project and from job to job. This circulation of talent is viewed as crucial to the flow of knowledge and the (re)production of practices, norms, and reputations across firm and industry boundaries within the city-region. Despite the compelling nature of this description, the labor market dynamics that underpin this circulation of creative workers remain poorly specified and only weakly substantiated. This article addresses this issue by investigating systematically the local interfirm and interindustry dynamics of creative labor markets. Using evidence from the detailed career histories of practicing designers, as well as in-depth interviews with various institutional actors in Toronto, it documents how the careers of designers are characterized by precariousness and high levels of circulation within the local labor market. The analysis also demonstrates the importance of reputation building, repeated collaborations, shared career paths, and mediation by a constellation of formal and informal intermediary actors for career development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-263 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00310.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00310.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:237-263 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen P. Aldrich Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Aldrich Author-Name: Robert T. Walker Author-X-Name-First: Robert T. Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Author-Name: Eugenio Y. Arima Author-X-Name-First: Eugenio Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Arima Author-Name: Marcellus M. Caldas Author-X-Name-First: Marcellus M. Author-X-Name-Last: Caldas Author-Name: John O. Browder Author-X-Name-First: John O. Author-X-Name-Last: Browder Author-Name: Stephen Perz Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Perz Title: Land-Cover and Land-Use Change in the Brazilian Amazon: Smallholders, Ranchers, and Frontier Stratification Abstract: Tropical deforestation is a significant driver of global environmental change, given its impacts on the carbon cycle and biodiversity. Loss of the Amazon forest, the focus of this article, is of particular concern because of the size and the rapid rate at which the forest is being converted to agricultural use. In this article, we identify what has been the most important driver of deforestation in a specific colonization frontier in the Brazilian Amazon. To this end, we consider (1) the land-use dynamics of smallholder households, (2) the formation of pasture by large-scale ranchers, and (3) structural processes of land aggregation by ranchers. Much has been written about relations between smallholders and ranchers in the Brazilian Amazon, particularly those involving conflict over land, and this article explicates the implications of such social processes for land cover. Toward this end, we draw on panel data (1996–2002) and satellite imagery (1986–1999) to show the deforestation that is attributable to small- and largeholders, and the deforestation that is attributable to aggregations of property arising from a process that we refer to as frontier stratification. Evidently, most of the recent deforestation in the study area has resulted from the household processes of smallholders, not from conversions to pasture pursuant to the appropriations of smallholders’ property by well-capitalized ranchers or speculators. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 265-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00311.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00311.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:265-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wendy Jepson Author-X-Name-First: Wendy Author-X-Name-Last: Jepson Title: Producing a Modern Agricultural Frontier: Firms and Cooperatives in Eastern Mato Grosso, Brazil Abstract: In economic geography, explanations of emerging agricultural frontier regions are dominated by two theoretical perspectives: land-rent theory and political economy. This article advances current research by applying concepts from new institutional economics to reconcile these models. Drawing from a case of frontier expansion in eastern Mato Grosso state, I focus the debate on an institutional perspective. Two organizations, a colonization firm and an agricultural cooperative, are examined. The combined activities of cooperatives and firms reduced the overall costs of production in regions that are defined by high transactions costs (for example, land-tenure insecurity, poor links to the market, and imperfect information) and risk. Each organization linked individual farmers to necessary resources for commercial farming (for instance, land, capital, technology, and markets) and provided an organizational context for farmers to respond to land-tenure conflict and land degradation. The consequence was an increase in the marginal productivity of land, which translated into an expanded commercial agricultural frontier. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 289-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00312.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00312.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:289-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sook-Jin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sook-Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Networks, Scale, and Transnational Corporations: The Case of the South Korean Seed Industry Abstract: In light of recent theoretical scholarship that has incorporated scale with networks perspectives, this article examines the potential of a scalar networks-based approach to understanding the global strategies and activities of transnational corporations (TNCs), through a comparative case study of two TNCs that were involved in the recent transformation of the South Korean seed industry. The comparative study demonstrates that a foreign TNC’s mergers and acquisitions (M&;As) of major South Korean seed companies in 1998–1999 in the context of structural adjustment (TNC’s material politics of scale) was an outcome of complex relations and the intermingling of various actor-networks that were embedded in various scales. A domestic TNC’s responses to the M&As, on the other hand, illustrate how the TNC’s struggle to reshape power relations through a discursive politics of scale enabled it to extend and enrich its networks and power relations with farmers, politicians, the general public, and the government. Material and discursive uses of scale in the business strategies of TNCs are shaped by complex actor-networks that are embedded in specific sociocultural and institutional contexts and influence new configurations of networks and power relations, and a scalar networks-based approach helps one understand this complexity of TNCs’ activities. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 317-338 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00313.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00313.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:317-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kevin R. Cox Author-X-Name-First: Kevin R. Author-X-Name-Last: Cox Title: . By Doreen Massey Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 339-340 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00314.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00314.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:339-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melanie A. Feakins Author-X-Name-First: Melanie A. Author-X-Name-Last: Feakins Title: . Edited by Claes G. Alvstam and Eike W. Schamp Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-342 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00315.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00315.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:341-342 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martina Fromhold-Eisebith Author-X-Name-First: Martina Author-X-Name-Last: Fromhold-Eisebith Title: . Edited by Hubert Schmitz Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 343-344 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00316.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00316.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:343-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Page Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Page Title: . By Julie Guthman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00317.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00317.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:345-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sally Weller Author-X-Name-First: Sally Author-X-Name-Last: Weller Title: . Edited by P.W. Daniels, K. C. Ho and T. A. Hutton Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 347-348 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00318.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00318.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:347-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yong-Sook Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yong-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: . Edited by John A. Turner and Young-Chan Kim Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 349-350 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00319.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00319.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:349-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. Cindy Fan Author-X-Name-First: C. Cindy Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: . By Henry Wai-chung Yeung Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 351-353 Issue: 3 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00320.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00320.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:3:p:351-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chloe A. Billing Author-X-Name-First: Chloe A. Author-X-Name-Last: Billing Author-Name: John R. Bryson Author-X-Name-First: John R. Author-X-Name-Last: Bryson Title: Heritage and Satellite Manufacturing: Firm-level Competitiveness and the Management of Risk in Global Production Networks Abstract: This article explores the role that product- and firm-centered heritage plays as an advantage-creating resource and competitive dynamic in contributing to minimizing risks for firms in global production networks (GPN). Research on the management of risk has been identified as critical for developing an understanding of the underlying determinants of GPN. In the satellite industry, key risks relate to launch, extreme conditions in outer space, and challenges concerning repair. These risks are minimized by the development and management of heritage. Heritage is a reputational asset founded on proven technology embedded in products and/or firm-based relationships that have values or associations that accumulate and are passed down over time. The risks associated with the space sector are extreme; however, heritage also plays an important but unacknowledged role in other economic sectors, including shipping, nuclear energy, rail, medical technologies, and aviation. The article adds to the economic geography literature in three ways. First, it highlights the central role that regulators and insurance providers play in defining market imperatives for GPN. Second, it identifies and explores heritage as a reputational asset, providing both a source of competitiveness and a competitive dynamic influencing firm-based routines and interfirm relationships. Third, it provides the first in-depth analysis of the satellite industry in the context of heritage—a sector that impacts on the everyday activities of government agencies, citizens, and firms. This analysis of heritage is based on eighty in-depth interviews with representatives from across the UK space sector. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 423-441 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1589370 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1589370 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:423-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Author-Name: Maximilian Buchholz Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian Author-X-Name-Last: Buchholz Title: Outward Foreign Direct Investments as a Catalyst of Urban-Regional Income Development? Evidence from the United States Abstract: Challenging populist views of outward foreign direct investments (OFDIs) that suggest they move prosperity abroad, this article builds a model suggesting that OFDIs support urban-regional income levels due to (1) labor; (2) knowledge; and (3) multiplier, spillover, and intermediate input effects. In a panel study of median incomes in US urban regions between 2005 and 2013, we first establish a base model that measures income as a function of local factor endowments (high skill levels, fast-growing and technologically sophisticated industries, and urban scale effects). This base model is highly significant. In the next step, we extend this model by adding our main variables of greenfield inward and outward investment intensity, and finally we integrate other indicators that measure the geographic, industrial, and functional composition of OFDIs. While the results for other investment-related indicators are mixed, the main investment variables are highly significant, thus providing strong support that greenfield OFDIs act as a catalyst of urban-regional income development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 442-466 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1665465 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1665465 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:442-466 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steve Wood Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Neil M. Coe Author-X-Name-First: Neil M. Author-X-Name-Last: Coe Author-Name: Iain Watson Author-X-Name-First: Iain Author-X-Name-Last: Watson Author-Name: Christoph Teller Author-X-Name-First: Christoph Author-X-Name-Last: Teller Title: Dynamic Processes of Territorial Embeddedness in International Online Fashion Retailing Abstract: Global retail expansion involves dynamic relations between retailers and variegated institutional, competitive, and consumer-based demands across different spatial scales. Economic geographers have framed these processes through the interrelated concepts of territorial, network, and societal embeddedness of store-based retailers, but with a neglect of online retail transnational corporations, which might enter overseas markets with minimal risk and sunk cost. This research assesses the relevance of concepts of embeddedness in the light of virtual retail networks by assessing how knowledge from the home market mediates any perceived need to localize within host-market consumer cultures and institutions to achieve legitimacy, and, in turn, whether these activities might occur as a virtual or physical process. We undertook extensive case study research within five leading international online fashion retailers headquartered in the UK, involving fifty-five semistructured interviews with chief executives, and with managing, operations, buying, and merchandising directors. Our findings reveal market entry to be dominated by an inward-looking societal embeddedness approach with limited investment in overseas physical infrastructure and personnel, since the management of product ranges and pricing, along with merchandise fulfillment, typically reside in the home market. Yet, with international experience, we conceptualize a staged and currently limited investment in territorial embeddedness through local subsidiary offices critical to realizing network embeddedness with the fashion media and the reorganization of fulfillment within some key host countries and wider supranational regions. Such developments demand increased investment and a decentralization of authority that will, in turn, likely necessitate significant reorganization of these emergent international firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 467-493 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1592672 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1592672 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:467-493 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael A. Urban Author-X-Name-First: Michael A. Author-X-Name-Last: Urban Title: Placing the Production of Investment Returns: An Economic Geography of Asset Management in Public Pension Plans Abstract: Public pension funds are engulfed in a severe funding crisis. At stake is the financial stability of state and local governments as well as the welfare of over thirty million public-sector employees. Although cutting back on external asset management expenses could help save billions in taxpayers’ money and improve public pension funding, recent research suggests that public pensions remain predominantly outsourced and keep paying high fees to private-sector asset managers. This article examines why public pension funds outsource their asset management functions. It relies on mixed methods, juxtaposing positivist and reflexive approaches. The study relies on an econometric analysis of a unique panel data set of twenty-one state pension plans. The model tests specific relationships between levels of outsourcing and the organizational, economic, and political context in which these plans are embedded. The results indicate that outsourcing is linked to plans’ (1) investment return targets, (2) allocation to nondomestic and private market investments, (3) local financial sector vibrancy, and (4) proximity to a leading financial center. These quantitative results are enriched with insights from thirty-seven semistructured interviews with investment professionals employed by a top-performing state pension plan. The interviews help shed further light on how distance, politics, and governance affect pension plans’ outsourcing strategies. This article contributes new insights on context to economic geographic literature on pension decision-making as well as new perspectives to financial geography literature on the role of place and distance in institutional asset management. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 494-518 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1649090 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1649090 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:494-518 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miguel Atienza Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Atienza Title: The Rent Curse: Natural Resources, Policy Choice, and Economic Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 519-520 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1663165 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1663165 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:519-520 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joshua J. Cousins Author-X-Name-First: Joshua J. Author-X-Name-Last: Cousins Title: Urban Political Ecology in the Anthropo-obscene: Interruptions and Possibilities. Edited by Henrik Ernstson and Erik Swyngedouw Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 521-523 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1640061 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1640061 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:521-523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stelios Gialis Author-X-Name-First: Stelios Author-X-Name-Last: Gialis Title: Precarious Lives: Job Insecurity and Well-being in Rich Democracies Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 524-526 Issue: 5 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1665464 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1665464 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:5:p:524-526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Martin Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Author-Name: Peter Sunley Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Sunley Title: Slow Convergence? The New Endogenous Growth Theory and Regional Development Abstract: In economics, interest has revived in economic growth, especially in long-term convergence in per capita incomes and output between countries. This mainly empirical debate has promoted the development of endogenous growth theory, which seeks to move beyond conventional neoclassical theory by treating as endogenous those factors—particularly technological change and human capital— relegated as exogenous by neoclassical growth models. The economists at the forefront of the formulation of endogenous growth theory and the new growth empirics have begun to use long-term regional growth patterns to test and develop their ideas. Their analyses suggest that regional convergence is a slow and discontinuous process. In this paper we consider whether endogenous growth theory can help to explain this finding. We argue that endogenous growth theory has important regional implications, but also major limitations when applied to a regional context.endogenous growth, Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 201-227 Issue: 3 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00113.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00113.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:3:p:201-227 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yu Zhou Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Title: Beyond Ethnic Enclaves: Location Strategies of Chinese Producer Service Firms in Los Angeles Abstract: Ethnic enclaves are often not only the main residential areas for ethnic populations but also the prime locations for their businesses. As more and more ethnic enterprises locate outside such enclaves, the spatial pattern of ethnic business becomes more complex. To understand the spatial pattern of ethnic business, I argue that we need to go beyond treating “ethnic” as the only adjective. Drawing from the literature on industrial networks and territorial agglomeration, I examine the location patterns of ethnic producer services and their interfirm transaction networks. Chinese-owned firms in three types of producer services of Los Angeles County were selected: accounting, banking, and computer distribution. I collected information on networks and locations through surveys, interviews, and directories. This research found that location strategies are extremely important for ethnic entrepreneurs to exploit their market niches in all three sectors. While Chinese firms show markedly different spatial patterns from their non-Chinese counterparts, each type of producer service also differs from the others in spatial pattern. Accounting offices and bank branches concentrate in the Chinese central business district because of their Chinese-client-oriented network. A number of larger bank headquarters find downtown Los Angeles a favorable location because they are seeking international recognition and closer integration with mainstream financial institutions. Computer firms locate at the fringe of Chinese-concentrated areas and cluster with other Chinese computer distributors to participate in a product pool so that parts can be exchanged faster. I conclude that the spatial organization of ethnic business needs to be understood as the outcome of interaction between cultural and industrial identities of enterprises.ethnic enclaves, Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 228-251 Issue: 3 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00114.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00114.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:3:p:228-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca A. Johns Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca A. Author-X-Name-Last: Johns Title: Bridging the Gap between Class and Space: U.S. Worker Solidarity with Guatemala Abstract: In recent decades organized labor in the United States has responded to restructuring of the global economy by increasing its commitment to international solidarity, providing moral and material support for the organizing efforts of workers abroad. The international labor solidarity strategy appears to be designed to lessen the competition among places over investment, plant location, and jobs by uniting workers in different countries on the basis of their shared class interests. Yet international solidarity programs may serve to benefit one geographically distinct group of workers over another without challenging capitalism’s allocative mechanisms. I develop criteria for differentiating between the latter kind of solidarity campaigns, which I call accommodationist, and transformatory solidarity, which attempts to prevent capital from using space to weaken workers’ organizations, thereby altering the labor-capital relationship in fundamental ways. I then examine the work of an organization of union members and workers in the United States committed to forming relationships of solidarity with workers in Guatemala. I look at the history, philosophy, and activities of the U.S./Guatemala Labor Education Project (US/GLEP), which provides an informative case study of the opportunities and dangers of international solidarity. The limitations of international solidarity campaigns are identified, and I suggest ways to overcome these barriers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 252-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00115.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00115.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:3:p:252-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bae-Gyoon Park Author-X-Name-First: Bae-Gyoon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Where Do Tigers Sleep at Night? The State’s Role in Housing Policy in South Korea and Singapore Abstract: A statist perspective holds that the autonomous state has enabled East Asian NICs, notably South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, to achieve economic success. I challenge this perspective by showing that sociopolitical relations between the state and other social actors have deeply affected state actions in housing development in South Korea and Singapore. I demonstrate that the state role in housing is influenced by the nature of the political coalition the state has established with other social groups to promote economic growth. In South Korea, an exclusive developmental coalition between the state and large capitalists forced the state to minimize its role in housing provision and severely reduced state autonomy in controlling real estate speculation. In contrast, the state in Singapore has been proactive in providing public housing and controlling landownership on the basis of a balanced relation between growth and populist coalitions. This study suggests that the state role in national development needs to be understood in the context of political processes among social actors, such as political coalitions between the state and other social actors. The state can succeed in fostering social development only by establishing the proper political relations among social actors, such as the state, capital, and labor. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 272-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00116.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00116.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:3:p:272-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daanish Mustafa Author-X-Name-First: Daanish Author-X-Name-Last: Mustafa Title: Structural Causes of Vulnerability to Flood Hazard in Pakistan Abstract: This paper uses recent theoretical advances in the field of hazards research to inform the analysis of an empirical study on flood hazard conducted in central Pakistan. The investigation seeks to understand the causes of vulnerability and their development that culminates in disaster, with the basic presumption that empirical events have causal links going back to societal structures which are not measurable but contain the mechanisms that lead to the events and their perceptions. A case study in five villages of central Pakistan was conducted to understand the elements of communities’ and social groups’ differential vulnerability to flood hazard. The elements of vulnerability are situated within a tripartite conceptual space of vulnerability, composed of entitlement relations, empowerment relations, and political economy. A modified “pressure and release” model was applied to the field survey results to understand the progression of vulnerability from the structural abstract level to the concrete level of physical disasters. I concluded that the study communities’ vulnerability was largely a function of their disempowerment. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 289-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00117.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00117.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:3:p:289-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Author-Name: Carolyn Trist Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn Author-X-Name-Last: Trist Author-Name: Daniel Hiebert Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Hiebert Author-Name: Otis W. Templer Author-X-Name-First: Otis W. Author-X-Name-Last: Templer Author-Name: Fiona M. Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Fiona M. Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Author-Name: Lucy Jarosz Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Jarosz Author-Name: David Sadler Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Sadler Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 306-317 Issue: 3 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00118.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00118.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:3:p:306-317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gernot Grabher Author-X-Name-First: Gernot Author-X-Name-Last: Grabher Title: Yet Another Turn? The Evolutionary Project in Economic Geography Abstract: What does the economic in economic geography stand for? For much of the 1990s up to the more recent past, answers to this pertinent question frequently referred to the embeddedness-network paradigm of the new economic sociology. At the same time, economic geography more and more drew inspiration, metaphors, and practices from an increasingly diverse range of schools. In terms of the disciplinary orientation, economic geography, on the one hand, remains firmly engaged with sociology, although interest seems to expand from the Granovetterian paradigm to the poststructuralism of Latour and Callon. On the other hand, economic geography’s interest in heterodox economic geography is gaining new momentum. Above all, evolutionary approaches have attracted considerable attention that most recently culminated in a range of programmatic statements to develop a distinct evolutionary economic geography. It is these attempts to develop a collective agenda that Danny MacKinnon, Andrew Cumbers, Andy Pike, Kean Birch, and Robert McMaster take issue with. Subsequently, Ron Boschma and Koen Frenken, Jürgen Essletzbichler, and Geoffrey Hodgson comment on this “sympathetic critique.” A rejoinder by Andy Pike and his coauthors concludes this symposium. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-127 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01016.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01016.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:119-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Danny MacKinnon Author-X-Name-First: Danny Author-X-Name-Last: MacKinnon Author-Name: Andrew Cumbers Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Cumbers Author-Name: Andy Pike Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Pike Author-Name: Kean Birch Author-X-Name-First: Kean Author-X-Name-Last: Birch Author-Name: Robert McMaster Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: McMaster Title: Evolution in Economic Geography: Institutions, Political Economy, and Adaptation Abstract: Economic geography has, over the past decade or so, drawn upon ideas from evolutionary economics in trying to understand processes of regional growth and change. Recently, some researchers have sought to delimit and develop an “evolutionary economic geography” (EEG), aiming to create a more systematic theoretical framework for research. This article provides a sympathetic critique and elaboration of this emergent EEG but takes issue with some aspects of its characterization in recent programmatic statements. While acknowledging that EEG is an evolving and pluralist project, we are concerned that the reliance on certain theoretical frameworks that are imported from evolutionary economics and complexity science threatens to isolate it from other approaches in economic geography, limiting the opportunities for cross-fertilization. In response, the article seeks to develop a social and pluralist conception of institutions and social agency in EEG, drawing upon the writings of leading institutional economists, and to link evolutionary concepts to political economy approaches, arguing that the evolution of the economic landscape must be related to processes of capital accumulation and uneven development. As such, we favor the use of evolutionary and institutional concepts within a geographical political economy approach, rather than the construction of some kind of theoretically separate EEG—evolution in economic geography, not an evolutionary economic geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 129-150 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01017.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01017.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:129-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Koen Frenken Author-X-Name-First: Koen Author-X-Name-Last: Frenken Title: Some Notes on Institutions in Evolutionary Economic Geography Abstract: Within the evolutionary economic geography framework, the role of institutions deserves more explicit attention. We argue that territorial institutions are to be viewed as orthogonal to organizational routines since each territory is characterized by a variety of routines and a single firm can apply its routines in different territorial contexts. It is therefore meaningful to distinguish between institutional economic geography and evolutionary economic geography as their explanans is different. Yet the two approaches can be combined in a dynamic framework in which institutions coevolve with organizational routines, particularly in emerging industries. Furthermore, integrating the evolutionary and institutional approach allows one to analyze the spatial diffusion of organizational routines that mediate conflicts among social groups, in particular, those between employers and employees. An evolutionary economic geography advocates an empirical research program, both qualitative and quantitative, that can address the relative importance of organizational routines and territorial institutions for regional development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 151-158 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01018.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01018.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:151-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jürgen Essletzbichler Author-X-Name-First: Jürgen Author-X-Name-Last: Essletzbichler Title: Evolutionary Economic Geography, Institutions, and Political Economy Abstract: In this response to MacKinnon et al. (2009), I argue that the theoretical development of evolutionary economic geographies is necessary in order to evaluate its unique contribution to an understanding of the uneven development of the space economy; that the distinction between evolutionary and institutional economic geographies is overdrawn; that the neglect of class, power, and the state reflect empirical rather than theoretical shortcomings of the evolutionary approach; and that there is significant potential overlap between evolutionary and political economy approaches. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 159-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01019.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01019.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:159-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoffrey M. Hodgson Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hodgson Title: Agency, Institutions, and Darwinism in Evolutionary Economic Geography Abstract: The article by Danny MacKinnon, Andrew Cumbers, Andy Pike, Kean Birch, and Robert McMaster continues the dialogue on evolutionary ideas within economic geography. In response, I argue that the word “evolution” has a variety of meanings and that more precision is required. This commentary also addresses the possibility of generalizing Darwinian principles to evolving social phenomena. It upholds that institutions and power fit into this Darwinian framework and that it does not undermine the importance of agency, deliberation, or choice. A word such as “determinism” should also be used more carefully, as it has multiple meanings. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 167-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01020.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01020.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:167-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andy Pike Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Pike Author-Name: Kean Birch Author-X-Name-First: Kean Author-X-Name-Last: Birch Author-Name: Andrew Cumbers Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Cumbers Author-Name: Danny MacKinnon Author-X-Name-First: Danny Author-X-Name-Last: MacKinnon Author-Name: Robert McMaster Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: McMaster Title: A Geographical Political Economy of Evolution in Economic Geography Abstract: Key themes for evolution in economic geography are identified that clarify and further refine and reinforce our argument for broader conceptions of institutions, social agency, and power and for the situation of the plural and emerging field of evolutionary approaches more fully within geographical political economy. We address the following issues: conceptual and terminological clarity; evolution and institutions within and beyond the firm; agency, bounded determinacy, and power; and research method and design. Our central contention is that geographical political economy provides a coherent and well-structured conceptual and theoretical framework with which to broaden and deepen our understanding, exploration, and practice of evolutionary thinking in economic geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 175-182 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01021.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01021.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:175-182 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marc Doussard Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Doussard Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Author-Name: Nik Theodore Author-X-Name-First: Nik Author-X-Name-Last: Theodore Title: After Deindustrialization: Uneven Growth and Economic Inequality in “Postindustrial” Chicago Abstract: This article presents a critical commentary on the development, through restructuring, of the Chicago economy in the period since the onset of deindustrialization in the early 1980s. Adapting an innovative methodology for the measurement of labor-market inequalities over time at the metropolitan scale, the article provides an empirical analysis of the city’s new mode of growth. A notable feature is an entrenched and deepening pattern of wage inequality in Chicago, which is distinctive from that evident at the national level. Closer attention should be paid to what have proved to be extended processes of economic transformation at the urban scale, the social and geographic contours of which have yet to be adequately mapped. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 183-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01022.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01022.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:183-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Srikanth Paruchuri Author-X-Name-First: Srikanth Author-X-Name-Last: Paruchuri Author-Name: Joel A. C. Baum Author-X-Name-First: Joel A. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Baum Author-Name: David Potere Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Potere Title: The Wal-Mart Effect: Wave of Destruction or Creative Destruction? Abstract: During the past quarter century, large multistore retailers have experienced considerable growth. In this article, we examine the widely held belief that the expansion of these chain stores, Wal-Mart in particular, has had a large negative impact on the small locally owned retail sector. Our analysis of four types of independent retailer entries and exits in Florida from 1980, prior to the opening of the first Wal-Mart store in the state, to 2004, reveals that Wal-Mart’s impact varies with independent retailers’ market overlap with and proximity to Wal-Mart. Notably, our findings suggest that within zip codes, the Wal-Mart effect is driven by the suppression of entry rates, but not by the increase in exit rates, while in adjacent zip codes, it is driven by exit rates increasing more than entry rates. Our results provide empirical evidence that may help economic developers, public officials, and owners of small businesses make informed decisions about economic development in their communities. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 209-236 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01023.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01023.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:209-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tara Vinodrai Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Vinodrai Title: . Edited by Roel Rutten and Frans Boekema Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-238 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01024.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01024.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:237-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leslie Gray Author-X-Name-First: Leslie Author-X-Name-Last: Gray Title: . Edited by Laura T. Raynolds, Douglas L. Murray and John Wilkinson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 239-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01025.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01025.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:239-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tad Mutersbaugh Author-X-Name-First: Tad Author-X-Name-Last: Mutersbaugh Title: . By Daniel Jaffee Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 241-242 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01026.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01026.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:241-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael S. Yoder Author-X-Name-First: Michael S. Author-X-Name-Last: Yoder Title: . By Kevin P. Gallagher and Lyuba Zarsky Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 243-244 Issue: 2 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01027.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01027.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:2:p:243-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michelle Lowe Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe Author-Name: Neil Wrigley Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley Title: The “Continuously Morphing” Retail TNC During Market Entry: Interpreting Tesco’s Expansion into the United States Abstract: One important element of recent conceptualizations of the distinctive nature and challenges of retail transnational corporations (TNCs) is a focus on the mutual transformation of both the markets entered by the retail TNCs and, reciprocally, of the organizational structures of the firms themselves. There are important similarities between this view of ongoing transnational-operation-induced organizational transformation of the retail TNCs and processes that strategic and organizational management scholars describe as “continuous morphing.” In this article, we provide a theoretically informed study of one of the most dynamic of the retail TNCs (Tesco plc) “morphing” its organizational structures and competencies during a high risk, but potentially transformational, market entry into the western United States. The article positions the study within the rapidly emerging literature on transnational retail and the global economy, interprets the innovative dimensions of Tesco’s U.S. market entry—particularly its attempts to achieve “territorial” and “network embeddedness”—through the conceptual lens recently provided by economic geographers, and assesses ongoing transformational impacts of the entry on the firm. It adds value to the literature on retail foreign direct investment by documenting the ways in which this leading retail TNC has attempted both to reconfigure its existing capabilities and to develop the new capabilities required to support its U.S. market entry via a combination of processes that we describe as transference, splicing, and enhanced imitation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 381-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01083.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01083.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:381-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael D. M. Bader Author-X-Name-First: Michael D. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Bader Author-Name: Marnie Purciel Author-X-Name-First: Marnie Author-X-Name-Last: Purciel Author-Name: Paulette Yousefzadeh Author-X-Name-First: Paulette Author-X-Name-Last: Yousefzadeh Author-Name: Kathryn M. Neckerman Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn M. Author-X-Name-Last: Neckerman Title: Disparities in Neighborhood Food Environments: Implications of Measurement Strategies Abstract: Public health researchers have begun to map the neighborhood “food environment” and examine its association with the risk of overweight and obesity. Some argue that “food deserts”—areas with little or no provision of fresh produce and other healthy food—may contribute to disparities in obesity, diabetes, and related health problems. While research on neighborhood food environments has taken advantage of more technically sophisticated ways to assess distance and density, in general, it has not considered how individual or neighborhood conditions might modify physical distance and thereby affect patterns of spatial accessibility. This study carried out a series of sensitivity analyses to illustrate the effects on the measurement of disparities in food environments of adjusting for cross-neighborhood variation in vehicle ownership rates, public transit access, and impediments to pedestrian travel, such as crime and poor traffic safety. The analysis used geographic information systems data for New York City supermarkets, fruit and vegetable markets, and farmers’ markets and employed both kernel density and distance measures. We found that adjusting for vehicle ownership and crime tended to increase measured disparities in access to supermarkets by neighborhood race/ethnicity and income, while adjusting for public transit and traffic safety tended to narrow these disparities. Further, considering fruit and vegetable markets and farmers’ markets, as well as supermarkets, increased the density of healthy food outlets, especially in neighborhoods with high concentrations of Hispanics, Asians, and foreign-born residents and in high-poverty neighborhoods. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 409-430 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01084.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01084.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:409-430 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Gibbs Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbs Title: . Edited by Matthias Ruth and Brynhildur Davidsdottir Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-454 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01085.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01085.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:453-454 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Emanuel Andersson Author-X-Name-First: David Emanuel Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Title: . By Allen J. Scott Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 455-456 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01086.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01086.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:455-456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kate Maclean Author-X-Name-First: Kate Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean Title: . By Caroline O. N. Moser Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 457-458 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01087.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01087.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:457-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Otto Raspe Author-X-Name-First: Otto Author-X-Name-Last: Raspe Title: . Edited by Charlie Karlsson, Roger R. Stough and Börje Johansson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 459-460 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01088.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01088.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:459-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: . By Nick Dyer-Witheford and Greig De Peuter Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 461-463 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01089.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01089.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:461-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Chen Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Raymond J. G. M. Florax Author-X-Name-First: Raymond J. G. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Florax Author-Name: Samantha Snyder Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Snyder Author-Name: Christopher C. Miller Author-X-Name-First: Christopher C. Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Title: Obesity and Access to Chain Grocers Abstract: Recent empirical work in the obesity literature has highlighted the role of the built environment and its potential influence in the increasing prevalence of obesity in adults and children. One feature of the built environment that has gained increasing attention is the role of access to chain grocers and their impact on body mass index (BMI). The assessment of the impacts of spatial access to chain grocers on BMI is complicated by two empirical regularities in the data. There is evidence that health outcomes such as BMI are clustered in space and that there is spatial dependence across individuals. In this article, we use an econometric model that takes into account the spatial dependence, and we allow the effect of access to differ for a person depending on whether he or she lives in a low-income community or peer group. We categorize this community using the characteristics of the people who immediately surround the individual rather than using census tracts. Using georeferenced survey data on adults in Marion County, Indiana, we find that the effect of improvements in chain grocer access on BMI varies depending on community characteristics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 431-452 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01090.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01090.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:431-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gillian Hart Author-X-Name-First: Gillian Author-X-Name-Last: Hart Title: Redrawing the Map of the World? Reflections on the Abstract: The World Development Report 2009 focuses on the role of markets for land, labor, and tradable goods in reshaping economic geography, but it pays little or no attention to financial markets. While analytically convenient, this abstraction from financial markets is deeply problematic. Especially since the late 1970s, the dynamics of finance capital have played a major role in redrawing the economic map of the world and will continue to do so. In addition, this review underscores the limits of the unilinear model of rural-urban transition that underpins the report. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-350 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01091.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01091.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:341-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Victoria Lawson Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Lawson Title: Reshaping Economic Geography? Producing Spaces of Inclusive Development Abstract: The World Development Report 2009 discusses a crucial development challenge—that of understanding spatially uneven development. The report lays out a series of policy responses to spatial unevenness that are intended to mobilize the growth-enhancing advantages of unbalanced development while ensuring inclusive development. However, the report mobilizes a narrow view of economic development that is disconnected from place, politics, and society. In geography, which lends its name to the report, economies are theorized as embedded—as produced in and through space, rather than merely on it. Geography and spatial patterns are constitutive coproducers of political-economic processes, not just outcomes. I elaborate how a critical geographic understanding of an “everywhere embedded economy” (Peck 2005) highlights the inseparability of economic processes from the social, political, historical, and geographic contexts which give them meaning. I connect the idea of embedded economy to a consideration of centrality of care to a humane and inclusive development. I argue that the report’s emphasis on labor mobility as a key mechanism for enhancing development ignores the global division of care work that is itself built on the invisibility and undervaluation of care in mainstream versions of economic development. I conclude that “thinning borders” will not resolve questions of inequality but rather will allow those who are more powerful to exploit the resultant power differentials expressed in migration and care deficits across the globe. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 351-360 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.001092.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.001092.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:351-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Author-Name: Eric Sheppard Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Sheppard Title: Worlds Apart? Engaging with the Abstract: Introducing a roundtable discussion of the World Bank’s World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography, this article contextualizes the report in intellectual and political terms. It reflects on the lost opportunities for, and potential limits of, engagement between the style of New Economic Geography espoused by the World Bank and the pluralist heterodoxy of economic geography “proper,” before briefly previewing the commentaries from Gillian Hart, Victoria Lawson, and Andrés RodrÍguez-Pose and the response from World Bank economists Uwe Deichmann, Indermit Gill, and Chor Ching Goh. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 331-340 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01093.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01093.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:331-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrés RodrÍguez-Pose Author-X-Name-First: Andrés Author-X-Name-Last: RodrÍguez-Pose Title: Economic Geographers and the Limelight: Institutions and Policy in the Abstract: The reaction of economic geographers to the World Bank’s World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography has so far been a corporatist turf-protecting exercise. The report has been dismissed as the work of economists who completely ignore a rich tradition of work by “proper” economic geographers. However, this negative response has prevented geographers from engaging constructively with the World Bank’s analysis and proposals. In this article, I argue that, while the report presents an accurate diagnosis of recent development trends and should be praised for its flexibility in providing numerous policy alternatives, geographers can significantly contribute by promoting a discussion around two key issues in the report: its treatment of institutions and its recommendation of spatially blind policies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 361-370 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01094.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01094.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:361-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Uwe Deichmann Author-X-Name-First: Uwe Author-X-Name-Last: Deichmann Author-Name: Indermit Gill Author-X-Name-First: Indermit Author-X-Name-Last: Gill Author-Name: Chor Ching Goh Author-X-Name-First: Chor Ching Author-X-Name-Last: Goh Title: A Practical Economic Geography Abstract: The World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography (WDR 2009a) was written to inform policy debates about urbanization, lagging areas, and globalization. During almost two years of consultations and dissemination, the report met with broad acceptance among government officials, development professionals, and researchers. Policymakers grappling with difficult spatial development issues have found the report’s analytical framework compelling and its policy guidance useful. An exception to this generally favorable reception has been the reaction from a number of economic geographers. In this article, we respond to criticisms about the report’s scope, guiding framework, and policy implications that are emphasized in the accompanying articles in this issue of Economic Geography. In conclusion, we agree with economic geographers such as RodrÍguez-Pose who call for critical engagement with the report and with the more detailed follow-up studies that use the WDR 2009’s framework. This would both improve the quality of spatial policy advice and increase the visibility of economic geographers in international development debates. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 371-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01095.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01095.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:371-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2009–2010 Reviewers (August 15, 2009 to August 05, 2010) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 465-466 Issue: 4 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01096.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01096.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:4:p:465-466 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan E. Galt Author-X-Name-First: Ryan E. Author-X-Name-Last: Galt Title: The Moral Economy Is a Double-edged Sword: Explaining Farmers’ Earnings and Self-exploitation in Community-Supported Agriculture Abstract: In this article I develop a political economic understanding of community-supported agriculture (CSA). I first develop the relevance of three concepts—economic rents, self-exploitation, and social embeddedness—to CSA and then introduce a framework that relates CSA farmers’ earnings to the average rate of profit, economic rents, and self-exploitation. I then examine qualitative and quantitative data from a study of 54 CSAs in California’s Central Valley and surrounding foothills to explain the wide range of farmers’ earnings in relation to the characteristics of production of CSAs, the social embeddedness of CSAs, and the farmers’ motivations and rationalities. Qualitative data from interviews are used to interpret the results of an ordinary least squares regression analysis showing that (1) farmers’ age, number of employees, and type of CSA strongly shape farmers’ earnings; (2) the moral economy of CSA cuts both ways economically, allowing for the capture of economic rents but more often resulting in self-exploitation because of farmers’ strong sense of obligation to their members; and (3) farmers’ motivations are diverse, but tend toward low and moderate instrumentalism, meaning that earning an income is often not a high priority relative to other values. The conclusion recommends the need to recognize alternative rationalities but also to discuss and confront strong self-exploitation in alternative food networks because of the broader political economic context in which they exist. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-365 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12015 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12015 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:341-365 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Max Nathan Author-X-Name-First: Max Author-X-Name-Last: Nathan Author-Name: Neil Lee Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Cultural Diversity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship: Firm-level Evidence from London Abstract: A growing body of research is making links between diversity and the economic performance of cities and regions. Most of the underlying mechanisms take place within firms, but only a handful of organization-level studies have been conducted. We contribute to this underexplored literature by using a unique sample of 7,600 firms to investigate links among cultural diversity, innovation, entrepreneurship, and sales strategies in London businesses between 2005 and 2007. London is one of the world’s major cities, with a rich cultural diversity that is widely seen as a social and economic asset. Our data allowed us to distinguish owner/partner and wider workforce characteristics, identify migrant/minority-headed firms, and differentiate firms along multiple dimensions. The results, which are robust to most challenges, suggest a small but significant “diversity bonus” for all types of London firms. First, companies with diverse management are more likely to introduce new product innovations than are those with homogeneous “top teams.” Second, diversity is particularly important for reaching international markets and serving London’s cosmopolitan population. Third, migrant status has positive links to entrepreneurship. Overall, the results provide some support for claims that diversity is an economic asset, as well as a social benefit. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 367-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12016 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12016 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:367-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andy Pike Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Pike Title: Economic Geographies of Brands and Branding Abstract: Brands and branding are an underinvestigated area in economic geography. Despite their pervasive growth as sources and carriers of meaning and value, the economic geographic dimensions of brands and branding lack conceptual clarity and remain undertheorized. This article introduces the idea of geographical associations to provide stronger conceptual and theoretical foundations to explain the importance and role of brands and branding in economic geographies. It then builds on and critically examines the worth of this understanding in an empirical exploration of the Burberry brand and its branding in the luxury fashion business. The argument is that conceiving of the geographical associations constituting the economic geographies of brands and branding explains their role as means of cohering and stabilizing meaning and value in spatial circuits. Concerted attention to brands and branding can broaden the reach of economic geography in its intersections between cultural and political economy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 317-339 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12017 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12017 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:317-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Franz Huber Author-X-Name-First: Franz Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Title: . Edited by Gerardo Marletto Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 431-433 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12022 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12022 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:431-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mary Lawhon Author-X-Name-First: Mary Author-X-Name-Last: Lawhon Title: . Edited by Catherine Alexander and Joshua Reno Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 435-436 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12023 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12023 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:435-436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Ann Mulhall Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Mulhall Author-Name: John R. Bryson Author-X-Name-First: John R. Author-X-Name-Last: Bryson Title: The Energy Hot Potato and Governance of Value Chains: Power, Risk, and Organizational Adjustment in Intermediate Manufacturing Firms Abstract: Cost competitiveness remains a significant element of firms’ advantage in developed economies. Input costs, particularly nonlabor costs, are important factors underlying the competitive position of firms that are competing both domestically and internationally. Energy costs are becoming an increasing threat to the long-term survival of firms because of their more volatile nature. The distinct geographic structure of energy prices combines both international markets and intranational policies and supply structures. It is vital to understand how firms manage the risk that is generated from such a complex input. This article explores the adjustment process of intermediate metal-processing firms in the West Midlands U.K. and their wider supply chain to the energy price risk and its interaction with existing long-term adjustments to the pressure of globalization. Formal and informal relational agreements between customers and suppliers are identified as critical factors in determining the capacity of supplier firms to transfer energy price risks to their customers and to adapt to energy-related pressures. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 395-419 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12025 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12025 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:395-419 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Faulconbridge Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Faulconbridge Title: . Edited by Trevor J. Barnes, Jamie Peck and Eric Sheppard Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 421-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12033 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12033 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:421-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michele Acuto Author-X-Name-First: Michele Author-X-Name-Last: Acuto Title: . By Peter J. Taylor Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 425-427 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12034 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12034 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:425-427 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan M. Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Susan M. Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Title: . By Emma Mawdsley Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 429-430 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12035 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12035 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:429-430 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2012–2013 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 437-438 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12036 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12036 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:437-438 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Annual Contents - Volume 89 - 2013 Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 439-441 Issue: 4 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12037 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12037 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:4:p:439-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Author-Name: Heather Whiteside Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Whiteside Title: Financializing Detroit Abstract: Taking as its focus the not-so-special case of Detroit, which recently experienced the largest municipal bankruptcy in US history, this article explores the financialization of American urban governance in both conceptual and concrete terms. The financially mediated restructuring of Detroit, through the imposition of emergency management by the state of Michigan and subsequently through the federal bankruptcy code, has been portrayed as an extreme event, with deep roots in histories of deindustrialization, racial exclusion, and suburban flight. It is not to downplay the significance of this experience to suggest, however, that the Detroit case also represents an ordinary crisis of a faltering regime of financialized urbanism. Compounding a shift toward entrepreneurial urban governance, cities now find themselves in an operating environment that has been constitutively financialized. Bondholder-value disciplines have become systemic in reach, along with an amplified role for financial gatekeepers like credit rating agencies; technocratic forms of financial management have been spreading and deepening, both in supposedly normal times and under externally imposed emergency measures; and in some cities the routinized play of growth-machine politics is being eclipsed by a new generation of debt-machine dynamics. While the ultimate focus of this article is on Detroit, its chief concern is with the framing of the city’s storied financial crisis—theoretically and then institutionally. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 235-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1116369 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1116369 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:235-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Huggins Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins Author-Name: Piers Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Piers Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Title: Socio-Spatial Culture and Entrepreneurship: Some Theoretical and Empirical Observations Abstract: Entrepreneurship is increasingly acknowledged as an important factor underlying uneven economic geographies. Similarly, spatial patterns of entrepreneurship are increasingly considered to relate to the nature of the culture present within particular places. However, the nature of these relationships remains relatively unexplored, and this study addresses some of the gaps through both a theoretical and an empirical examination of the association between sociospatial culture and entrepreneurship. It develops the notion of community culture, and drawing on an analysis of data from localities in Great Britain, it finds that a range of dimensions of sociospatial community culture relating to social cohesion, collective action, and social rules are significantly associated with local entrepreneurial activity. Generally, localities in more economically developed regions are found to display more individualistic and diverse cultures. It is concluded that the findings represent a significant challenge for policy making in less developed localities and regions, which generally have sociospatial cultures high in communal and collective values but low rates of entrepreneurship. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 269-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1146075 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1146075 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:269-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Langley Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Langley Title: Crowdfunding in the United Kingdom: A Cultural Economy Abstract: Crowdfunding is a digital economy in which funds provided by large numbers of individuals (the crowd) are aggregated and distributed through online platforms to a range of actors and institutions. In the United Kingdom, crowdfunding is a particularly diverse and dynamic economy: the forms taken by funding now range from donations to business loans and the issue of equities by start-up enterprises, and recent rapid growth is concentrated in the financial market circuits of crowdfunding. This article analyzes the changing composition of the crowdfunding economy in the United Kingdom as a process of financial marketization and develops a sympathetic critical engagement with cultural economy scholarship on the geographies of money and finance. Consistent with previous cultural economy research into sociotechnical processes, the financial market circuits of crowdfunding are shown to be produced through the mobilization of economic theory and the enrollment of calculative market devices. When calling for a broadening of the existing analytical remit of cultural economy scholarship, however, emphasis is also placed on both regulation and governance and monetary valuations as constitutive and relational forces in the assembly of markets in the making. Regulation and governance are shown to deploy sovereign powers and techniques to territorialize, legitimize, and bolster the financial market circuits of crowdfunding. Money, meanwhile, is shown to play a dual role. While it certainly enables calculative and marketized valuations, money simultaneously creates scope for a multiplicity of values to be inscribed into its circulations such that the diversity of the crowdfunding economy persists and proliferates amidst financial marketization. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 301-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1133233 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1133233 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:301-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stéphanie Lavigne Author-X-Name-First: Stéphanie Author-X-Name-Last: Lavigne Author-Name: Dalila Nicet-Chenaf Author-X-Name-First: Dalila Author-X-Name-Last: Nicet-Chenaf Title: Out of Sight, Out of Mind: When Proximities Matter for Mutual Fund Flows Abstract: We analyze the aggregate investment of 22,900 worldwide mutual funds and question factors that promote accessibility to foreign stock markets for these investors when they allocate their assets outside their domestic market. A gravity model is proposed to test the influence of geographical, institutional and cognitive proximity in explaining asset trading by mutual funds. While mutual funds invest primarily in large stock markets and in countries with similar legal systems and the same language or culture, we find robust evidence of a geographical pattern in the distribution of their assets. Investments are located primarily in countries close to home, attesting that despite the globalization of stock markets and the high mobility of capital, geography is still relevant for understanding transactions of mutual funds. Results depending on which geographical, institutional and cognitive proximity promotes accessibility to foreign markets remain robust when introducing the issue of time horizons of investors. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 322-344 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1114412 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1114412 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:322-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas R. Gress Author-X-Name-First: Douglas R. Author-X-Name-Last: Gress Title: A review of Edited by John R. Bryson, Jennifer Clark, and Vida Vanchan Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-347 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1156389 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1156389 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:345-347 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cassandra C. Wang Author-X-Name-First: Cassandra C. Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: A review of Edited by Maureen McKelvey and Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 348-349 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1147947 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1147947 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:348-349 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beth A. Bee Author-X-Name-First: Beth A. Author-X-Name-Last: Bee Title: A review of Edited by Ann M. Oberhauser and Ibipo Johnston-Anumonwo Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 350-351 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1147946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1147946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:350-351 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kathryn Gillespie Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn Author-X-Name-Last: Gillespie Title: A review of Edited by Jody Emel and Harvey Neo Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 352-353 Issue: 3 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1155411 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1155411 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:3:p:352-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jane Pollard Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: A Tale of Twelve Cities: Metropolitan Employment Change in Dynamic Industries in the 1980s Abstract: The last 15 years have seen considerable debate over what constitutes the export-oriented motor of regional economies. Three kinds of activity are cited as the new generators of growth: industries handling information and advanced management functions, which we term “intellectual capital” industries; high technology, or what we term “innovation-based” industries; and a group of flexible manufacturing industries with high levels of product differentiation, relatively short production runs, and lower levels of mechanization than mass-production industries, which we call “variety-based manufacturing.” This paper reports on research measuring and then describing the growth of these three major industry ensembles in 12 metropolitan areas across the United States between 1977 and 1987. Our results reveal major interregional differences in patterns of growth, decline, and specialization and suggest that the sources of employment growth characterizing the 1980s may no longer be those of the 1990s. Variety-based manufacturing, as defined here, declined in importance and is not becoming a motor of growth in the United States, as some literature on post-Fordism suggests. The fastest growing metropolitan areas are specialized in innovation-based production, although employment in these industries peaked in the mid-1980s. Intellectual capital industries grew in all areas studied, even those without any specialization in these industries. Do these industries have a low propensity to agglomerate? Or is the telecommunications revolution making possible a less agglomerated growth pattern? Much more work is needed on changes in organization, linkage patterns, and geographic tendencies of the intellectual capital industries to answer these questions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144499 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144499 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan G. Hallsworth Author-X-Name-First: Alan G. Author-X-Name-Last: Hallsworth Title: Short-Termism and Economic Restructuring in Britain Abstract: During the last century, Britain's ranking among the leading economic powers has declined steadily, with indigenous manufacturing capacity declining particularly rapidly in the 1980s. This paper argues that the root causes have been in place for much longer, making that decline both predictable and inevitable. I draw on the work of those who argue that Britain has always had a greater concern for wealth preservation than for wealth creation. The period since 1979–80 has been a particularly difficult one in which to reinstitute industrial growth. Present conditions have, to an unprecedented degree, favored speculation over investment, short-termism over long-termism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144500 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144500 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:23-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas J. Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Thomas J. Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: Adrian J. Bailey Author-X-Name-First: Adrian J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bailey Title: Family Migration and the Employment of Married Women and Men Abstract: This research reconsiders the human capital hypothesis that married women have a lower probability of employment after family migration. The empirical analysis focuses on a sample of married parents in the economically active population residing in the midwestern United States in 1980. Our analysis establishes that, after controlling for the effects of migration self-selection bias, family migration increases the probability of employment among married women by 9 percent but has no effect on the probability of employment among married men. This research demonstrates the limitations of the human capital model of family migration and indicates the need for reconceptualizing family migration behavior. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 38-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144501 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144501 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:38-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mary G. McDonald Author-X-Name-First: Mary G. Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald Title: Farmers as Workers in Japan's Regional Economic Restructuring, 1965–1985 Abstract: Individuals living in farm households who commute to wage employment make up an important portion of Japan's “nonfarm” workers. This study examines their growing numbers and the regional and sectoral trends in their off-farm jobs, to argue that farms have been more involved in recent macroeconomic growth than is commonly acknowledged. In the 20 years between 1965 and 1985, individuals living on farms filled new manufacturing jobs in the regions outside the Tōkaidō urban-industrial belt. State subsidies for farm families' agricultural production have been generous, but have paid mainly for farm mechanization, which in turn has allowed and required farm residents to seek off-farm income. Regional policy has directed industrial plants to locate in farming regions, both to provide jobs to fanners and to provide workers to industries. To the extent that farm subsidies have partly supported rural households while enabling members to accept low-wage jobs in machinery manufacturing, farm subsidies have provided labor-cost advantages to the leading firms and industries in this period of restructuring. When farm households are viewed in this larger context of their off-farm employment, they have not fallen outside the loop of national economic growth in recent years, but have remained integral to that growth. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 49-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144502 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144502 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:49-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Derek Gregory Author-X-Name-First: Derek Author-X-Name-Last: Gregory Title: Commitments: The Work of Theory in Human Geography Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 73-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144503 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144503 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:73-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Clive Barnett Author-X-Name-First: Clive Author-X-Name-Last: Barnett Title: Reworking Theory Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 80-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144504 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144504 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:80-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert D. Wilton Author-X-Name-First: Robert D. Author-X-Name-Last: Wilton Author-Name: Jennifer R. Wolch Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer R. Author-X-Name-Last: Wolch Title: The World of Homelessness According to Jencks Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 82-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:82-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter J. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: Reordering the World: Geopolitical Perspectives on the Twenty-First Century Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 87-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144506 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144506 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:87-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carl Aaron Author-X-Name-First: Carl Author-X-Name-Last: Aaron Title: Japanese Auto Transplants in the Heartland: Corporatism and Community Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 89-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:89-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steve Sidawi Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Sidawi Author-Name: Laura Pulido Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Pulido Title: Ecopopulism: Toxic Waste and the Movement for Environmental Justice Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 92-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:92-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Howitt Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Howitt Title: Victims of Development: Resistance and Alternatives Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 95-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:95-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Catriona Sandilands Author-X-Name-First: Catriona Author-X-Name-Last: Sandilands Title: Ecofeminism Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 96-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144510 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144510 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:96-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joanne P. Sharp Author-X-Name-First: Joanne P. Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp Title: Geography and National Identity Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-101 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144511 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144511 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:99-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Sibley Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Sibley Title: Buildings and Power: Freedom and Control in the Origin of Modern Building Types Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 101-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144512 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144512 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:101-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. K. Little Author-X-Name-First: J. K. Author-X-Name-Last: Little Title: Tourism: A Gender Analysis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 103-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144513 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144513 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:103-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John R. Gold Author-X-Name-First: John R. Author-X-Name-Last: Gold Title: Sustainable Cities Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 104-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.2307/144514 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144514 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:1:p:104-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jayme Walenta Author-X-Name-First: Jayme Author-X-Name-Last: Walenta Title: The Limits to Private-sector Climate Change Action: The Geographies of Corporate Climate Governance Abstract: Corporate carbon footprint assessments have been employed by hundreds of the world’s largest corporations in an effort to take seriously the role of climate change for a company’s operations. These assessments differ from personal footprints in that to produce credible and transparent calculations, companies follow established reporting guidelines. This article investigates how the corporate carbon footprint structures the business response to climate change across space. Two key tasks are undertaken. First, in referencing the rules and standards for calculation, how the footprint tool makes sense of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) for companies, helping them establish ownership and responsibility for certain emission sources is described. This is accomplished through an emission ranking system where GHG sources are categorized as either owned (scope 1 or 2) or value chain (scope 3). Second, the spatial implications to using this governing device as a climate management tool are documented. To do this, the emission performance of twenty-one large US-based corporations over a six-year period (2010–15) are tracked. The data reveal that over time, corporations reduce their owned emissions, while their value chain emissions grow. The article argues that the footprint tool as a means to govern GHG emissions contributes to the spatializing of a corporate response climate change. Specifically, it works to enclose climate responsibility, locating it in particular spaces and not in others. Importantly, this represents a limit to what the private sector can accomplish with regard to climate change action and should be considered in light of recent widespread calls for private-sector leadership on climate change. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 461-484 Issue: 5 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1474078 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1474078 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:5:p:461-484 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roberta Capello Author-X-Name-First: Roberta Author-X-Name-Last: Capello Author-Name: Andrea Caragliu Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Caragliu Author-Name: Ugo Fratesi Author-X-Name-First: Ugo Author-X-Name-Last: Fratesi Title: Breaking Down the Border: Physical, Institutional and Cultural Obstacles Abstract: The literature on borders as barriers to economic growth presents some weaknesses in conceptualizing and measuring border effects due to obstacles of different nature (e.g., physical, institutional, and social/cultural). This article aims at overcoming this limitation by demonstrating that political borders actually comprise several lines of fracture in the continuity of socioeconomic space. As such, border effects must be decomposed into their building blocks in order to more clearly identify the sources of border-related inefficiencies and enact appropriate policies. By applying an original methodology, the article analyzes the extent to which different types of barriers create obstacles to different growth assets. Results applied to European cross-border regions on a newly collected database at NUTS3 level suggest that (1) physical obstacles hamper several types of economic interactions; (2) sociocultural barriers limit the exploitation of intangible assets; and (3) social and cultural barriers limit the access to intermediate goods and to geographically close labor markets. Evidence-based policy implications call for the identification of the sources of these discontinuities, of the real cost that they engender, and of the type of growth assets hampered in their exploitation by the presence of a border. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 485-513 Issue: 5 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1444988 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1444988 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:5:p:485-513 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jing Xiao Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Martin Andersson Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Title: Industrial Diversification in Europe: The Differentiated Role of Relatedness Abstract: There is increasing interest in the drivers of industrial diversification, and how these depend on economic and industry structures. This article contributes to this line of inquiry by analyzing the role of industry relatedness in explaining variations in industry diversification, measured as the entry of new industry specializations, across 173 European regions during the period 2004–2012. First, we show that there are significant differences across regions in Europe in terms of industrial diversification. Second, we provide robust evidence showing that the probability that a new industry specialization develops in a region is positively associated with the new industry’s relatedness to the region’s current industries. Third, a novel finding is that the influence of relatedness on the probability of new industrial specializations depends on innovation capacity of a region. We find that relatedness is a more important driver of diversification in regions with a weaker innovation capacity. The effect of relatedness appears to decrease monotonically as the innovation capacity of a regional economy increases. This is consistent with the argument that high innovation capacity allows an economy to break from its past and to develop, for the economy, truly new industry specializations. We infer from this that innovation capacity is a critical factor for economic resilience and diversification capacity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 514-549 Issue: 5 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1444989 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1444989 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:5:p:514-549 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adrian Smith Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Mirela Barbu Author-X-Name-First: Mirela Author-X-Name-Last: Barbu Author-Name: Liam Campling Author-X-Name-First: Liam Author-X-Name-Last: Campling Author-Name: James Harrison Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison Author-Name: Ben Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Title: Labor Regimes, Global Production Networks, and European Union Trade Policy: Labor Standards and Export Production in the Moldovan Clothing Industry Abstract: This article examines the relations between workplace and local labor regimes, global production networks (GPNs), and the state-led creation of expanded markets as spaces of capitalist regulation through trade policy. Through an examination of the ways in which labor regimes are constituted as a result of the articulation of local social relations and lead-firm pressure in GPNs, the article examines the limits of labor provisions in European Union trade policy seeking to ameliorate the worst consequences of trade liberalization and economic integration on working conditions. The article takes as its empirical focus the Moldovan clothing industry, the leading export-oriented manufacturing sector in the country. Trade liberalization has opened up a market space for EU lead firms to contract with Moldovan-based suppliers, but in seeking to regulate labor conditions in the process of trade liberalization, the mechanisms in place are not sufficient to deal with the consequences for workers’ rights and working conditions. Indeed, when articulated with national state policy formulations seeking to liberalize labor markets and deregulate labor standards, the limits of what can be achieved via labor provisions are reached. The EU’s trade policy formulation does not sufficiently take account of the structural causes of poor working conditions. Consequently, there is a mismatch between what the EU is trying to achieve and the core labor issues that structure social relations in, and labor regimes of, low-wage labor-intensive clothing export production for EU markets. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 550-574 Issue: 5 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1434410 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1434410 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:5:p:550-574 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Hogan Morris Author-X-Name-First: John Hogan Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Title: A review of . By Sarah Hall Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 575-577 Issue: 5 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1505427 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1505427 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:5:p:575-577 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis F. Alvarez Leon Author-X-Name-First: Luis F. Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez Leon Title: A review of . By Trevor J. Barnes and Brett Christophers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 578-580 Issue: 5 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1505428 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1505428 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:5:p:578-580 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Sunley Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Sunley Title: Relational Economic Geography: A Partial Understanding or a New Paradigm? Abstract: Relational approaches in economic geography have grown in popularity and influence, but have not been critically evaluated or discussed. This article argues that poststructural and network-based versions of relational economic geography undoubtedly open up new research issues and provide tools for certain purposes, but questions whether they provide a coherent research agenda and new theoretical paradigm that can guide the reconceptualization of economic geography. The article addresses two main cases for a relational approach: its correspondence with a knowledge and network-based capitalism and the claim that it provides an improved philosophy and ontology. It finds problems with both cases and argues that the approach provides an imprecise and selective ontology that is preoccupied with microscale processes. As a result, relational economic geography does not lend itself to causal explanations and schemas, is incapable of discriminating among different economic theories, and could become immune to empirical evaluation. In many cases, it seems to disregard many of the valuable insights of institutionalist and critical realist approaches, including the implications of emergence. The article concludes that instead of searching for a microlevel relational perspective or a new vocabulary, economic geography’s analysis of connections and relations would be better set within an evolutionary and historical institutionalism that understands economic relations as forms of institutional rules and practices and does not privilege ties and networks over nodes and agents. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00389.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00389.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:1-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sébastien Breau Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien Author-X-Name-Last: Breau Author-Name: David Rigby Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Rigby Title: Participation in Export Markets and Productivity of Plants in Los Angeles, 1987-1997 Abstract: This article investigates the relationship between the productivity of plants and participation in export markets in the greater Los Angeles area using unpublished plant-level data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Research Database. Two key questions are examined: (1) do plants that export learn in foreign markets and become more efficient, or (2) do more efficient plants self-select into export markets? The results support previous claims that more productive plants tend to self-select into export markets. Little support is found for the learning-by-exporting argument. The policy implications of these findings are discussed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 27-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00390.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00390.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:27-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Copus Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Copus Author-Name: Dimitris Skuras Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris Author-X-Name-Last: Skuras Author-Name: Kyriaki Tsegenidi Author-X-Name-First: Kyriaki Author-X-Name-Last: Tsegenidi Title: Innovation and Peripherality: An Empirical Comparative Study of SMEs in Six European Union Member Countries Abstract: This article examines the rates of innovative activity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in central areas and equally developed but less accessible areas in six European Union member states. The probability of innovating is well predicted by the observable characteristics of firms, entrepreneurial characteristics, and business networks. More accessible areas consistently present higher rates of innovative activity than do their peripheral counterparts. The difference in the rates of peripheral and central areas is decomposed into observable and non-observable factors. The entire innovation gap is attributed to nonobservable factors that constitute a combination of behavior and environment. Innovation policy for SMEs should aim to meet businesses’ specific needs (firm-specific factors) and to sustain and improve the innovative environment. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 51-82 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00391.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00391.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:51-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kean Birch Author-X-Name-First: Kean Author-X-Name-Last: Birch Title: Alliance-Driven Governance: Applying a Global Commodity Chains Approach to the U.K. Biotechnology Industry Abstract: As the economy has globalized, it has also regionalized, which has led to the integration of different spaces across different scales. A number of theories contend that the endogenous assets of these locations provide them with the means to compete in this globalizing economy, especially in relation to knowledge-based sectors like biotechnology. Among these theories, the cluster concept stands out. However, there is little support for the arguments that local linkages are the central contributors to innovation. Extralocal linkages have also been highlighted, suggesting that other theories that account for these linkages may prove useful in the discussion of knowledge-based sectors, in general, and biotechnology, in particular. One such theory is the concept of global commodity chains, which explicitly concerns the interconnections within and across different geographic scales. As yet it has seldom been applied to the biotechnology industry. This article uses the approach to explore the U.K. biotechnology industry. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 83-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00392.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00392.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:83-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meric S. Gertler Author-X-Name-First: Meric S. Author-X-Name-Last: Gertler Title: . By AnnaLee Saxenian Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00393.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00393.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:105-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Title: . Edited by Bjørn Asheim, Philip Cooke and Ron Martin Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00394.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00394.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:109-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Robinson Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Title: . Edited by M. Mark Amen, Kevin Archer and M. Martin Bosman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00395.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00395.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Johannes Glückler Author-X-Name-First: Johannes Author-X-Name-Last: Glückler Title: . Edited by Yannis Caloghirou, Anastasia Constantelou and Nicholas S.Vonortas Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00396.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00396.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:115-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: . By Leonard Seabrooke Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 117-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00397.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00397.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:117-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony Townsend Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Townsend Title: . By Manuel Castells, Mireia Fernández-Ardèvol, Jack Linchuan Qiu and Araba Sey. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-120 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00398.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00398.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:119-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew E.G. Jonas Author-X-Name-First: Andrew E.G. Author-X-Name-Last: Jonas Title: By Jason Hackworth Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 121-122 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00399.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00399.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:121-122 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hamilton Trina Author-X-Name-First: Hamilton Author-X-Name-Last: Trina Title: . Edited by Michele Micheletti, Andreas Follesdal and Dietlind Stolle Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 123-125 Issue: 1 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00400.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00400.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:1:p:123-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gary Fields Author-X-Name-First: Gary Author-X-Name-Last: Fields Title: Innovation, Time, and Territory: Space and the Business Organization of Dell Computer Abstract: Businesses reshape the territorial configuration of economic activity by creating new forms of organization as part of the innovation process. Focusing on the case of Dell Computer, this article builds an argument about the geographic development of economies that is structured around four elements: (1) the firm, (2) the innovation process occurring within the firm, (3) the business organization of the firm, and (4) the territory in which the firm operates and extracts profit. In tracing this route from the enterprise to territory, this article draws upon the notion of “communications revolutions”as a catalyst for the innovative impulse of firms. In adapting to communications revolutions, firms, such as Dell, emerge as innovators by learning to recalibrate the time increments that are expended during the steps of making and marketing products, thereby shifting competition from the product to the processes of capitalist circulation. This recalibration of time results in the creation of process-driven routines for making profit and a transformation in the organizational arrangements through which firms implement such routines. As firms reinvent forms of organization to implement these time-based innovative routines, they alter the linkages between adjacent steps in their profit-making activity. By reorganizing these linkages and changing the nature of business organization, innovative firms reconfigure the territory in which they operate and accumulate. This reconfiguration of territory, however, is not the mechanical result of efficiency criteria. Firms use power over other firms to redeploy the location of activity in their production networks in an effort to achieve time economies and innovative efficiencies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-146 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00293.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00293.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:119-146 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John T. Bowen Author-X-Name-First: John T. Author-X-Name-Last: Bowen Author-Name: Thomas R. Leinbach Author-X-Name-First: Thomas R. Author-X-Name-Last: Leinbach Title: Competitive Advantage in Global Production Networks: Air Freight Services and the Electronics Industry in Southeast Asia Abstract: Drawing upon Porter’s diamond theory of competitive advantage and recent work on global production networks (GPNs), this article examines the causes and consequences of spatially uneven air freight services. Air freight flows have grown rapidly because airborne trade enables firms to reconcile time-based competition and spatially dispersed production. The importance of air freight services in this regard is particularly relevant to electronics manufacturers. Case studies of freight forwarders—the traditional intermediaries between the firms that send and receive goods by air and the airlines that actually move air freight from city to city—in Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines are used to demonstrate the manner in which firms and places attain a competitive advantage in the performance of these services and how geographic variation in air freight services, in turn, affects the operations and performance of electronics firms. Finally, the article discusses the importance of these services in mediating the ability of firms and places to move to new positions along the value chains of which they are a part as their former roles become untenable. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 147-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00294.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00294.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:147-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Timothy F. Leslie Author-X-Name-First: Timothy F. Author-X-Name-Last: Leslie Author-Name: Breandán Ó HUallacháin Author-X-Name-First: Breandán Ó Author-X-Name-Last: HUallacháin Title: Polycentric Phoenix Abstract: Sun Belt cities have a reputation for sprawling disarray. Although Phoenix is often depicted as the ultimate large fast-growing, low-density Sun Belt metropolis, we found considerable order in the location of business establishments. We tested spatial pattern to show that establishments in a variety of sectors are significantly clustered and found that while clustering declines outside the central business district (CBD) and subcenters, all sectors remain significantly clustered in the suburbs. A new method that we developed to assess spatial relationships of establishments across sectors revealed that spatial intersectoral associations are evident between some intermediate-sector establishments and within final demand. These intersectoral associations mostly carry over to portions of the urbanized area beyond the CBD and subcenters. A cartographic analysis details sectoral locational patterns across the metropolitan area and the relationships between the function of subcenters and the transportation network. We compare the economic structure of the CBD and five subcenters. Phoenix has a distinctively specialized CBD. Some subcenters are functionally diversified, while others are specialized. The rank-size rule is a good approximation of the size order of centers. We conclude that continued forces of accessibility, externality, and regulation shape the spatial structure of Phoenix. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 167-192 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00295.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00295.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:167-192 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Gibbs Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbs Title: Prospects for an Environmental Economic Geography: Linking Ecological Modernization and Regulationist Approaches Abstract: Although the “new”economic geography has explored links between the subdiscipline’s traditional areas of study and cultural, institutional, and political realms, environmental issues remain comparatively underresearched within the subdiscipline. This article contends not only that the environment is of key importance to economic geography, but also that economic geographers can make an important contribution to environmental debates, through providing not just a better analysis and theoretical understanding, but also better policy proscription. Rather than claim new intellectual territory, the intention is to suggest potential creative opportunities for linking economic geography’s strengths with those insights from other theoretical perspectives. In particular, this article focuses upon linking insights from ecological modernization theory, developed by environmental sociologists, with regulationist approaches. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 193-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00296.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00296.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:193-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deborah Leslie Author-X-Name-First: Deborah Author-X-Name-Last: Leslie Title: . Edited by Dominic Power and Allen J. Scott Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 217-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00297.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00297.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:217-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jinn-yuh Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Jinn-yuh Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Title: . Edited by Suzanne Berger and Richard K. Lester Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 219-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00298.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00298.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:219-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meric S. Gertler Author-X-Name-First: Meric S. Author-X-Name-Last: Gertler Title: . By Ash Amin and Patrick Cohendet Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 221-223 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00299.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00299.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:221-223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David W. Edgington Author-X-Name-First: David W. Author-X-Name-Last: Edgington Title: . By Sanford M. Jacoby Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 225-226 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00300.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00300.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:225-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Dunford Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Dunford Title: . By Robert Boyer Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00301.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00301.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:227-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erik Stam Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Stam Title: . Edited by Henri L. F. de Groot, Peter Nijkamp and Roger R. Stough Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00302.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00302.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:231-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Al James Author-X-Name-First: Al Author-X-Name-Last: James Title: Edited by Gernot Grabher and Walter W. Powell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 233-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00303.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00303.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:2:p:233-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David L. Rigby Author-X-Name-First: David L. Author-X-Name-Last: Rigby Author-Name: Jürgen Essletzbichler Author-X-Name-First: Jürgen Author-X-Name-Last: Essletzbichler Title: Evolution, Process Variety, and Regional Trajectories of Technological Change in U.S. Manufacturing Abstract: Technological variety is a central component in evolutionary accounts of economic growth and change. Without variety, the process of selection, by which certain products and processes of production are favored in the market, cannot operate. Empirical analysis confirms that U.S. production technology, measured by a pair of capital and labor input coefficients, varies markedly over space. Furthermore, the relative positions of regions in a two-dimensional technology-space appears consistent across industries. With industry-mix effects partially removed, multivariate analysis of variance confirms that regional differences in production techniques are statistically significant. Additional investigation reveals that spatial variations in techniques of production persist over time. These findings support the claims of evolutionary theorists, demonstrating that in U.S. manufacturing industries regions tend to move along distinct trajectories of technological change. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 269-284 Issue: 3 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00089.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00089.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:3:p:269-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Author-Name: Neil Wrigley Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley Title: The Spatial Configuration of the Firm and the Management of Sunk Costs Abstract: In this paper we explain why the modern corporation may persist with a decentralized system of plants differentiated by the vintage of capital and the style of management. Our goal is to show how and why firms are, at once, structured by the inherited configuration of capital and also reproduce differentiation within and outside the corporation. To do so, we use concepts and principles drawn from modern financial theory to show that a spatially differentiated configuration of production may have advantages for the firm in terms of the risk-adjusted flow of revenue, strategic options in relation to actual and potential competitors, and the management of sunk costs. Our argument focuses on the modern corporation, characterized by a separation between ownership and control as well as a dependence upon internal stakeholders for the realization of planned revenue and output targets. We argue that our framework can help theorists account for the persistence of interfirm and interindustry differences in capital profiles, despite a common presumption in favor of convergence around a simple, efficient industry standard. While the paper is an exercise in theory, it is based upon our previously published studies of corporate restructuring in manufacturing and retail industries in the United States and the United Kingdom. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 285-304 Issue: 3 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00090.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00090.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:3:p:285-304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John V. Langdale Author-X-Name-First: John V. Author-X-Name-Last: Langdale Title: East Asian Broadcasting Industries: Global, Regional, and National Perspectives Abstract: Global, regional, and national-level forces are shaping East Asian television broadcasting industries. National factors still have the greatest impact, but global and regional forces are becoming more important. Global media firms are expanding in the East Asian region by supplying programming to national broadcasters and, where host governments permit, by making equity investments in Asian media companies. They are also forming strategic alliances wih other media transnational corporations as well as with regional and national firms. Asian broadcasters are also expanding their operations within the region, and the ethnic Chinese community in Southeast Asia is particularly important in this process. In addition, broadcasting firms with close linkages to ethnic Chinese business networks are expanding their regional operations. Because of government’s role in regulating content and entry, the bargaining relationships between states and foreign capital are central to the industry’s expansion. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 305-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00091.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00091.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:3:p:305-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kevin Archer Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Archer Title: The Limits to the Imagineered City: Sociospatial Polarization in Orlando Abstract: Postindustrial city development has become increasingly privatized, in addition to being based more and more on “imagineering” place for sale to footloose producers and consumers. As a result, cities have taken on many of the characteristics generally associated with theme parks. Themed built environments envelop highly selective communities essentially isolated from others, both socially and spatially. I argue that these sociospatial results of Disneyesque urban development do not bode well for urban social relations. I substantiate this claim by documenting the evolution of sociospatial isolation and polarization in Orlando, Florida, which has grown quite rapidly since the arrival of Disney World in the early 1970s. This “ther” Orlando is proving to be ever more difficult to imagineer away and, indeed, represents the social limits to Disneyesque development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 322-336 Issue: 3 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00092.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00092.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:3:p:322-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carol Zabin Author-X-Name-First: Carol Author-X-Name-Last: Zabin Title: U.S.-Mexico Economic Integration: Labor Relations and the Organization of Work in California and Baja California Agriculture Abstract: Through a case study of tomato production in Baja California and California, this paper examines the impact of U.S.-Mexico economic integration on the organization of work and on wage trends and labor costs. In contrast to most previous scholarship, which is based on aggregate economic modeling, this paper provides an institutional approach to the study of NAFTA and longer-term U.S.-Mexico economic integration. I explore the impact of cross-border links in capital, product, and especially labor markets on labor costs, worker income, regional competitiveness, and the location of production. The paper demonstrates that in response to differing economic conditions and institutions in California and northwest Mexico, employers choose different labor management strategies, even though they use similar production technologies. In California, growers extract much higher productivity from workers by paying piece rates and are able to externalize the costs of recruiting, transporting, housing, and retaining their seasonal labor force. As a consequence, the binational differential in wages is much greater than the differential in per unit labor costs, Baja’s competitiveness is constrained by low productivity, and downward convergence in workers’ net income is occurring. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 337-355 Issue: 3 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00093.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00093.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:3:p:337-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Slack Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Slack Author-Name: Joan Carles Llurdés Author-X-Name-First: Joan Author-X-Name-Last: Carles Llurdés Author-Name: John Brohman Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Brohman Author-Name: Leslie Dienes Author-X-Name-First: Leslie Author-X-Name-Last: Dienes Author-Name: Ann Graham Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Graham Author-Name: Richard A. Cmker Author-X-Name-First: Richard A. Author-X-Name-Last: Cmker Author-Name: Kevin Hetherington Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Hetherington Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 356-369 Issue: 3 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00094.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00094.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:3:p:356-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hongmian Gong Author-X-Name-First: Hongmian Author-X-Name-Last: Gong Title: . Edited by Peter W. Daniels and James W. Harrington Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 337-338 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01028.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01028.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:337-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yifei Sun Author-X-Name-First: Yifei Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Title: . Edited by Henry Wai-chung Yeung Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 339-341 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01029.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01029.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:339-341 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peilei Fan Author-X-Name-First: Peilei Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: . By Yu Zhou Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 342-344 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01030.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01030.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:342-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kiran Asher Author-X-Name-First: Kiran Author-X-Name-Last: Asher Title: . By Vinay Gidwani Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01031.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01031.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:345-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Werner Bönte Author-X-Name-First: Werner Author-X-Name-Last: Bönte Author-Name: Oliver Falck Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Falck Author-Name: Stephan Heblich Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Heblich Title: The Impact of Regional Age Structure on Entrepreneurship Abstract: Empirical studies based on individual data have found an inverse U-shaped relationship between age and the decision to start a business. Other studies have shown that becoming an entrepreneur is a regional event, with potential entrepreneurs benefiting from their local networks. This article links both strands of literature by introducing age-specific peer effects. Using changes in the age distribution of the population of western German regions over time, we found—in accordance with microlevel analyses—an inverse U-shaped relationship between the regional age structure and start-up activity in a region. Moreover, our findings suggest that the age-specific likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur changes with the size of the age cohort, pointing to the existence of age-specific peer effects. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 269-287 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01032.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01032.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:269-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Title: Changing Places Through Women’s Entrepreneurship Abstract: In this article, I focus on entrepreneurship as a gendered geographic process to examine how changes in people and place are linked. Although entrepreneurship is a process that is marked by deep stereotypical gender divisions, it is also one through which people can change the meaning of gender and the way in which gender is lived. In addition, entrepreneurship links people and place in a number of ways, most notably through networks of social relations in place. I discuss four geographic studies of women’s entrepreneurship, each undertaken in a different country—Botswana, India, Peru, and the United States. These studies demonstrate that whereas entrepreneurship per se or access to microcredit alone is seldom sufficient to change the position of women or gender relations in a place, women are using entrepreneurship to change their lives and those of others and, in the process, are changing the places where they live. Key to this transformative process are programs of governmental and nongovernmental organizations and women’s grassroots actions that are aimed at building women’s skills, confidence, and business networks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 245-267 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01033.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01033.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:245-267 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Simona Iammarino Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Iammarino Title: Related Variety, Trade Linkages, and Regional Growth in Italy Abstract: This article presents estimates of the impact of regional variety and trade linkages on regional economic growth by means of export and import data by Italian province (NUTS 3) and sector (three-digit) for the period 1995–2003. Our results show strong evidence that related variety contributes to regional economic growth. Thus, Italian regions that are well endowed with sectors that are complementary in terms of competences (i.e., that show related variety) perform better. The article also assesses the effects of the breadth and relatedness of international trade linkages on regional growth, since they may bring new and related variety to a region. Our analysis demonstrates that regional growth is not affected by simply being well connected to the outside world or having a high variety of knowledge flowing into the region. Rather, we found evidence of related extraregional knowledge sparking intersectoral learning across regions. When the cognitive proximity between the extraregional knowledge and the knowledge base of a region is neither too small nor too large, real learning opportunities are present, and the external knowledge contributes to growth in regional employment. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 289-311 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01034.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01034.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:289-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José Corpataux Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: Corpataux Author-Name: Olivier Crevoisier Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: Crevoisier Author-Name: Thierry Theurillat Author-X-Name-First: Thierry Author-X-Name-Last: Theurillat Title: The Expansion of the Finance Industry and Its Impact on the Economy: A Territorial Approach Based on Swiss Pension Funds Abstract: A new economic geography of finance is emerging, and the current “financialization” of contemporary economies has contributed greatly to the reshaping of the economic landscape. How can these changes be understood and interpreted, especially from a territorial point of view? There are two contradictory economic theories regarding the tangible effects of the rise of the finance industry. According to neoclassical financial theorists, the finance industry’s success is based on its positive effects on the real economy through its capacity to allocate financial resources efficiently. An alternative approach, adopted here, posits that finance does not merely mirror the real economy and that the financial economy, far from being a simple instrument for the allocation of capital, has its own autonomy, its own logic of development and expansion. A series of complex, and sometimes contradictory, connections link financial markets and the real economy, and there are some tensions between them, calling into question the coherence of the regional and national economies that follow from them. Moreover, the territorial approach shows how the mobility/liquidity of capital and the changing dimensions of new regions and countries are central to the finance industry’s functioning. This article builds an understanding of the financial system through the lens of pension funds and highlights the impact of such a system on the real economy and its geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 313-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01035.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01035.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:313-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Title: . By Richard Florida Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 335-336 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01036.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01036.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:335-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carrie Breitbach Author-X-Name-First: Carrie Author-X-Name-Last: Breitbach Title: . Edited by Thomas A. Lyson, G. W. Stevenson and Rick Welsh Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 347-348 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01037.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01037.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:347-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: . By Patrice Flichy Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 351-353 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01038.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01038.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:351-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter V. Hall Author-X-Name-First: Peter V. Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: . By Edward Webster, Rob Lambert and Andries Bezuidenhout Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 349-350 Issue: 3 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01039.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01039.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:3:p:349-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Hart-Landsberg Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Hart-Landsberg Author-Name: Paul Burkett Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Burkett Title: Contradictions of Capitalist Industrialization in East Asia: A Critique of “Flying Geese” Theories of Development Abstract: According to most development economists, the economic “miracle” of the ASEAN-3, following the earlier experiences of Japan and the Asian NIEs, demonstrates the benefits of export-led growth. This conclusion is shared by neoliberals and structural-institutionalists, despite disagreements over the role of state intervention. Both views are represented in increasingly influential “flying geese” theories, which credit regional economic dynamics, in particular those shaped by Japanese foreign direct investment, for the regional advance. Our critique of this perspective starts by showing how the successive waves of Japanese foreign direct investment represented responses by Japanese capital to the class-based and competitive contradictions of Japan’s accumulation process. The recent expansion of NIE-based foreign direct investment in the ASEAN-3 is likewise a response to the contradictions of export-led growth, although in the NIEs’ case these contradictions were accentuated by economic dependency on Japanese capital. Contrary to celebratory flying geese perspectives, we find that this hierarchical regionalization of investment and production, and resulting intensification of competitiveness pressures, does not offer sustainable improvements in work and living conditions in Japan, the NIEs, or the ASEAN-3. However, by creating a more regionalized class structure in which core, semiperipheral, and peripheral area workers are subjected to a common set of competitiveness pressures, East Asian industrialization creates the potential for a regionalization and strengthening of worker/community resistance to capitalism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 87-110 Issue: 2 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00107.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00107.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:2:p:87-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jane Wills Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Wills Title: Taking on the CosmoCorps? Experiments in Transnational Labor Organization Abstract: This paper revisits the argument that globalization necessarily undermines trade union organization. In addition to heightened competition for investment and the threat of social dumping, the internationalization of capital can also bring workers into closer contact with each other. Working class nationalism and internationalism are both possible outcomes of economic globalization. By exploring the history of labor internationalism and the current development of European Works Councils (EWCs), this paper urges caution in assuming that globalization necessarily threatens labor organization. Contemporary experience suggests that, in some instances, the changing world economy poses new opportunities for workers to organize across national boundaries. I draw on preliminary research into the development of EWCs in the United Kingdom to suggest that they offer real opportunities for new forms of labor internationalism, and as such, EWCs are emblematic of the possibilities and problems facing workers as they seek to organize in a globalizing world. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-130 Issue: 2 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00108.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00108.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:2:p:111-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tod D. Rutherford Author-X-Name-First: Tod D. Author-X-Name-Last: Rutherford Title: “Still in Training?” Labor Unions and the Restructuring of Canadian Labor Market Policy Abstract: The goal of this paper is to link the development of union training initiatives and their relationship to state labor market policy to an emerging literature on trade unions in industrial geography. In particular, I examine labor’s involvement in state policy in Canada and consider the impact it has had on the direction of these initiatives at the federal, provincial, and sectoral levels, with particular reference to the Canadian Labor Force Development Board (CLFDB), the Ontario Training and Adjustment Board (OTAB), and sectoral training initiatives by the Canadian Auto Workers and the United Steel Workers of America. Researchers in geography and industrial relations have linked post-Fordism to an enhancement of local union strategies and have suggested that one possible configuration of skill development under an emerging Schumpeterian Workfare State would include labor as an important stakeholder—especially at the regional level in a high-skill/high-wage virtuous circle of development. However, in Canada labor has been organized historically on a largely local level and has been relatively weak in the formulation of state policy, nationally and provincially. If anything, labor has sought to overcome the legacy of localism. Although unions differ in central-local relations, overall they have fought for effective national, provincial, and sectoral representation in these initiatives. Labor has been able to achieve some input into this process, but the success or failure of these programs reflects more on national, provincial, and sectoral institutions, in particular the structure of capital, than on local factors or strategies by labor. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 131-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00109.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00109.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:2:p:131-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura T. Raynolds Author-X-Name-First: Laura T. Author-X-Name-Last: Raynolds Title: Harnessing Women’s Work: Restructuring Agricultural and Industrial Labor Forces in the Dominican Republic Abstract: The recent period of crisis and adjustment in Latin America and the Caribbean is fueling a fundamentally gendered process of labor force restructuring in both agriculture and industry. An analysis of ongoing changes in the Dominican Republic finds that one of the most striking shifts in the labor market landscape involves women’s increasing incorporation into nontraditional agriculture and export manufacturing. The Dominican state and corporations collaborate in devaluing and harnessing women’s labor in these sectors, enhancing private profits and the success of exportled development strategies.This study deepens our understanding of gendered labor force restructuring by analyzing the rarely noted, but substantial, incorporation of women in new agro-enterprises and by comparing the ways in which a female labor force has been actively constructed in nontraditional agriculture with more familiar patterns in export manufacturing. Firms in both sectors rely on women to fulfill labor-intensive and exacting tasks, juggling traditional gender ideologies to encourage the employment of mothers while maintaining the gender subordination that cheapens women’s labor. In export processing, the concentration of firms in free trade zones stimulates the creation of a distinct new labor force. The dispersed nature of new agro-enterprises encourages the reliance on a broader pool of less-privileged workers and leads to a more generalized challenge to existing gender roles. In both agriculture and industry this process proves highly contradictory for women workers, for firms, and ultimately for state sponsors. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 149-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00110.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00110.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:2:p:149-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Immergluck Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Immergluck Title: Neighborhood Economic Development and Local Working: The Effect of Nearby Jobs on Where Residents Work Abstract: Decreased earnings and employment rates are not the only effects of job loss in lower-income urban neighborhoods. A reduction in the proportion of residents of a neighborhood who work near the neighborhood, or the “local working rate,” is another important effect to consider. Local working is likely to have positive impacts on quality of life and social capital, benefits that are not captured by earnings and employment rates. These impacts include decreased commuting and the development of information-rich local employment networks. Analysis of 1990 journey-to-work census data for the Chicago area shows that physical job proximity is found to be the principal determinant of local working. Also, the proportion of neighborhood residents who are black negatively and strongly affects the local working rate. A principal implication is that job-creating neighborhood economic development may have local working benefits. Black neighborhoods may have lower local working rates because of residents’ ability to obtain good jobs with large employers or in the public sector, and such jobs are not located near these neighborhoods. More research is needed to explain this phenomenon. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 170-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00111.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00111.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:2:p:170-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Perreault Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Perreault Author-Name: Roderick P. Neumann Author-X-Name-First: Roderick P. Author-X-Name-Last: Neumann Author-Name: Geraldine Pratt Author-X-Name-First: Geraldine Author-X-Name-Last: Pratt Author-Name: Antonio Luna Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: Luna Author-Name: Brigitte Waldorf Author-X-Name-First: Brigitte Author-X-Name-Last: Waldorf Author-Name: Abdul Samad Hadi Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Samad Author-X-Name-Last: Hadi Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 188-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00112.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00112.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:2:p:188-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mathijs de Vaan Author-X-Name-First: Mathijs Author-X-Name-Last: de Vaan Author-Name: Koen Frenken Author-X-Name-First: Koen Author-X-Name-Last: Frenken Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Title: The Downside of Social Capital in New Industry Creation Abstract: In this article we develop and test the hypothesis that social capital, defined as a regional characteristic, discourages entrepreneurship in a new and contested industry. The argument follows the logic that high levels of social capital reinforce conformity in values and ideas, and inhibit deviant entrepreneurial activity. Once an industry becomes more legitimized—as a result of an increase in the number of firms present in a region—social capital becomes less restrictive on entrepreneurship and can even have a positive effect on the subsequent number of firms founded in a region. We find evidence for our thesis using data on 1,684 firm entries in the US video game industry for the period 1972–2007. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 315-340 Issue: 4 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1586434 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1586434 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:4:p:315-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lars Mewes Author-X-Name-First: Lars Author-X-Name-Last: Mewes Title: Scaling of Atypical Knowledge Combinations in American Metropolitan Areas from 1836 to 2010 Abstract: Cities are epicenters for invention. Scaling analyses have verified the productivity of cities and demonstrate a superlinear relationship between cities’ population size and invention performance. However, little is known about what kinds of inventions correlate with city size. Is the productivity of cities only limited to invention quantity? I shift the focus on the quality of idea creation by investigating how cities influence the art of knowledge combinations. Atypical combinations introduce novel and unexpected linkages between knowledge domains. They express creativity in inventions and are particularly important for technological breakthroughs. My study of 174 years of invention history in metropolitan areas in the US reveals a superlinear scaling of atypical combinations with population size. The observed scaling grows over time indicating a geographic shift toward cities since the early twentieth century. The productivity of large cities is thus not only restricted to quantity but also includes quality in invention processes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-361 Issue: 4 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1567261 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1567261 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:4:p:341-361 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Felicia H. M. Liu Author-X-Name-First: Felicia H. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: David Demeritt Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Demeritt Author-Name: Samuel Tang Author-X-Name-First: Samuel Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Title: Accounting for Sustainability in Asia: Stock Market Regulation and Reporting in Hong Kong and Singapore Abstract: Sustainability reporting nudges firms into behaving more sustainably by forcing them to account publicly for their wider social and environmental performance. This libertarian paternalist approach to governance through disclosure rather than command-and-control regulation is well established in Anglo-Saxon jurisdictions but comparatively untested in the emerging markets of Asia, where different state traditions and forms of business organization raise questions about its transferability and effectiveness. This article contributes to research on corporate social responsibility, neoliberal environmental governance, and Asian varieties of capitalism by providing the first comparative analysis of the origins, design, and initial impact of new sustainability reporting requirements on the stock markets of Hong Kong and Singapore. In mandating sustainability reporting, both exchanges were similarly concerned with following international norms and competitors but differed in the style and granularity of their company disclosure requirements. These policy design choices reflected different developmental state traditions and the different audiences that market regulators in Hong Kong and Singapore sought to influence through these public accounts. Notwithstanding substantial differences between Hong Kong’s rules-based and Singapore’s principles-based approach to reporting, the response in both markets was remarkably similar. In both cases, sustainability reporting was largely ignored by local market players who dismissed it as a foreign practice of interest to only a small number of Western institutional investors and providing little incentive to go beyond tick box compliance. These findings raise questions about the effectiveness of disclosure requirements at nudging Asian businesses toward sustainability. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 362-384 Issue: 4 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1544461 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1544461 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:4:p:362-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Benjamin Klement Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin Author-X-Name-Last: Klement Author-Name: Simone Strambach Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Strambach Title: Innovation in Creative Industries: Does (Related) Variety Matter for the Creativity of Urban Music Scenes? Abstract: This article investigates the relation between different forms of (related) variety found in urban music scenes and innovation in music. While related variety has been found to be positively associated with several indicators of regional economic development and technological innovation, it remains unclear whether its merits also benefit innovation in creative industries. As innovation in creative industries is based on symbolic knowledge, the degree of variety in local contexts may affect the creativity of artists differently than the innovativeness of engineers and scientists. To test whether specialization, unrelated variety, or (semi)related variety is linked to innovation in creative industries, this contribution applies the concept of related variety to the context of urban music scenes. As innovation in creative industries is hidden from traditional innovation data, we utilize volunteered, geographic, and user-generated information from the social music platform last.fm. From relatedness measures between music genres, we generate our own classification system of music, which is used to calculate different related variety metrics of music scenes. Furthermore, our database allows for the identification of innovation in music as the emergence and combination of music genres. The results of this article suggest that semirelated variety promotes innovation in music, while related variety is only positively associated with combinatorial knowledge dynamics. Additionally, specialization limits innovation in music scenes. Hence, policy concerned with creative industries needs to analyze not only aggregate data but also the composition of regional symbolic knowledge bases. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 385-417 Issue: 4 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1549944 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1549944 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:4:p:385-417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Benneworth Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth Title: A review of Handbook on the Geographies of Regions and Territories. By Anssi Paasi, John Harrison, and Martin Jones Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 418-420 Issue: 4 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1638247 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1638247 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:4:p:418-420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stanley D. Brunn Author-X-Name-First: Stanley D. Author-X-Name-Last: Brunn Title: A review of Geographies of Disruption: Place Making for Innovation in the Age of Knowledge Economy. By Tan Yigitcanlar and Tommi Inkinen Cham Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 421-422 Issue: 4 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1627868 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1627868 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:4:p:421-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amy K. Glasmeier Author-X-Name-First: Amy K. Author-X-Name-Last: Glasmeier Author-Name: Tracey L. Farrigan Author-X-Name-First: Tracey L. Author-X-Name-Last: Farrigan Title: Landscapes of Inequality: Spatial Segregation, Economic Isolation, and Contingent Residential Locations Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 221-229 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00352.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00352.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:221-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Ley Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Ley Title: Countervailing Immigration and Domestic Migration in Gateway Cities: Australian and Canadian Variations on an American Theme Abstract: This article addresses the spatial regularity of countervailing population flows of immigration and net domestic migration, respectively, into and out of large gateway cities. This regularity has been noted most often in the United States, and the argument presented here makes two new contributions. First, it extends the analysis to the principal Australian and Canadian gateway cities of Sydney and Toronto, making use of an extended time series of annual data. Second, it argues for the importance of the neglected effects of housing markets, in contrast to conventional accounts that stress cultural avoidance or labor market competition, in differentiating the two demographic streams. The article shows how trends in the housing market separate the locational preferences of immigrants from two diverse groups of domestic migrants. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-254 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00353.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00353.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:231-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Ellis Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis Author-Name: Richard Wright Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Author-Name: Virginia Parks Author-X-Name-First: Virginia Author-X-Name-Last: Parks Title: Geography and the Immigrant Division of Labor Abstract: Immigrants concentrate in particular lines of work. Most investigations of such employment niching have accented either the demand for labor in a limited set of mostly low-wage industries or the efficiency of immigrant networks in supplying that labor; space has taken a backseat or has been ignored. In contrast, this article’s account of immigrant employment niching modulates insights built on social network theories with understandings derived from relative location. We do so by altering the thinking about employment niches as being metropolitan wide to considering them as local phenomena. Specifically, the analysis examines the intraurban variation in niching by Mexican, Salvadoran, Chinese, and Vietnamese men and women in four industries in Los Angeles. Niching is uneven; in some parts of the metropolitan area, these groups niche at high rates in these industries, whereas in others, there is no unusual concentration. We show how a group’s propensity to niche in an industry is generally higher when the industry is located close to the group’s residential neighborhoods and demonstrate the ways in which the proximity of competing groups dampens this geographic advantage. The study speaks to debates on immigrant niching and connects with research on minority access to employment and accounts of the agglomeration of firms. More generally, it links the geographies of home and work in a new way, relating patterns of immigrant residential segregation to those of immigrant employment niches. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 255-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00354.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00354.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:255-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niki T. Dickerson Author-X-Name-First: Niki T. Author-X-Name-Last: Dickerson Title: Black Employment, Segregation, and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets Abstract: This broad analysis of the employment of blacks in metropolitan areas examines the role of residential segregation in comparison with four other key structural explanations for racial metropolitan inequality: industrial composition, minority concentration, immigration, and the racial disparity in skills. The goal of the analysis was to determine whether the spatial configuration of blacks relative to whites in a metropolitan area influences the employment rates of black men and black women in the context of the structural conditions of the local labor market. The study expanded the analysis of space and work beyond an emphasis on the physical distance between black communities and jobs to a broader conceptualization of residential segregation as a structural feature of the entire metropolitan labor market that is representative of its social organization with regard to race. Using a longitudinal data set of the structural characteristics of the 95 largest U.S. cities from the 1980, 1990, and 2000 decennial censuses, the study used a cross-sectional analysis of the cities in 2000 and a fixed-effects analysis to assess the impact of five dimensions of residential segregation and the four other structural factors on the employment of blacks across different labor markets and across time within each labor market. The results revealed that when the other structural characteristics are controlled, the employment rates of blacks are lower in more segregated cities and decrease as cities become more segregated over time. The clustering and evenness dimensions of residential segregation were the most determinative of black employment. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 283-307 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00355.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00355.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:283-307 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Author-Name: Kris Olds Author-X-Name-First: Kris Author-X-Name-Last: Olds Title: Report: The Summer Institute in Economic Geography Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 309-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00356.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00356.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:309-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Title: . By Tony Porter Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 319-320 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00357.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00357.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:319-320 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Dunford Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Dunford Title: . By Michel Aglietta and Antoine Rebérioux Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 321-324 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00358.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00358.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:321-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ray Hudson Author-X-Name-First: Ray Author-X-Name-Last: Hudson Title: . By Bob Jessop and Ngai-Ling Sum Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 325-326 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00359.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00359.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:325-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Samers Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Samers Title: . By J. K. Gibson-Graham Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 327-328 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00360.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00360.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:327-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Wood Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Title: . Edited by Nick Buck, Ian Gordon, Alan Harding and Ivan Turok Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 329-330 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00361.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00361.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:329-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Balaji Parthasarathy Author-X-Name-First: Balaji Author-X-Name-Last: Parthasarathy Title: . Edited by Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 331-332 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00362.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00362.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:331-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niels Beerepoot Author-X-Name-First: Niels Author-X-Name-Last: Beerepoot Title: . By Steven C. McKay Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 333-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00363.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00363.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:333-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daisaku Yamamoto Author-X-Name-First: Daisaku Author-X-Name-Last: Yamamoto Title: . Edited by Richard Le Heron and James W. Harrington Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 335-337 Issue: 3 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00364.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00364.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:335-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Brohman Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Brohman Title: Postwar Development in the Asian NICs: Does the Neoliberal Model Fit Reality? Abstract: Neoliberal explanations of development in the Asian newly industrializing countries (NICs) typically overlook a number of key factors, including the activist role of the state, the emphasis on inward-oriented as well as outward-oriented development, and the unusual advantages offered by particular geographic and historical conditions. Rather than conforming to the neoliberal model of free trade and laissez-faire, the Asian NICs more closely resemble guided market economies in which an activist state has pursued policies of economic nationalism and classical Listian mercantilism. This raises doubts not only about the neoliberal depiction of NIC development, but also about the appropriateness and transferability of the neoliberal model of NIC development for other Third World countries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-130 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144262 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144262 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:107-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John O'Loughlin Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: O'Loughlin Author-Name: Luc Anselin Author-X-Name-First: Luc Author-X-Name-Last: Anselin Title: Geo-Economic Competition and Trade Bloc Formation: United States, German, and Japanese Exports, 1968–1992 Abstract: In the post-cold war world, geo-economic competition is thought to be replacing geopolitical competition as the focus of great power relations. The cold war years corresponded to the period of U.S. hegemony in world trade and relations in the Western bloc. With the shrinking of the power gap between the United States and the other two great trading states, Japan and West Germany, as well as increased competition for trade shares, a division of the world economy into trade blocs has been anticipated. An examination of export shares for the three great powers with 114 partners in the past quarter century, 1968 to 1992, indicates there is not much evidence for the hypothesis of a world devolving into trade blocs. While regional links have intensified somewhat between the United States and its neighbors in the Americas and between West Germany and its European Union partners, Japan is broadening and deepening its export linkages with extraregional partners. Fears of the formation of blocs in the world trading system are greatly exaggerated. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 131-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144263 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144263 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:131-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warren Moran Author-X-Name-First: Warren Author-X-Name-Last: Moran Author-Name: Greg Blunden Author-X-Name-First: Greg Author-X-Name-Last: Blunden Author-Name: Adrian Bradly Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Bradly Title: Empowering Family Farms Through Cooperatives and Producer Marketing Boards Abstract: The connections between family farms and the organizations linking them to the agrocommodity chains have been neglected in debates about the reproduction of family farms. We use the example of cooperatives and producer marketing boards in the main agricultural export industries of New Zealand to inform this debate. Regulation by central government has been crucial to the establishment and continuance of producer marketing boards, especially in the face of substantial neoliberal criticism of their very existence. Critics of producer marketing boards—the New Zealand Department of Treasury, nonfarm capitals, and one corporate agriculturalist—argue on the basis of theoretical efficiency, but offer little empirical evidence. Using insights from the family farm and cooperation literatures, we argue that cooperatives and producer marketing boards help shield family farms from the full costs of market relations, assist shareholders in capturing downstream profits, enable farmers to develop and maintain ownership of new technology, reduce competition among farmers, and allow farmers more control of their industries than would otherwise be the case. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 161-177 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144264 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144264 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:161-177 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Gough Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Gough Author-Name: Aram Eisenschitz Author-X-Name-First: Aram Author-X-Name-Last: Eisenschitz Title: The Construction of Mainstream Local Economic Initiatives: Mobility, Socialization, and Class Relations Abstract: The mainstream of local economic initiatives in Western Europe and to a lesser extent the United States embodies mild intervention in production, attention to welfare, and collaborative class relations. Thus, in the midst of national neoliberalism, there is a return to the pragmatic, interventionist politics of the postwar built on class consensus at the local level. In this paper we seek to explain the paradox in terms of the contradictory unities of capital mobility and socialization, of disciplinary class relations and cooperation, of money and productive capital, and their contemporary spatial forms. The spatial ambit of mainstream local economic initiatives is important in mediating these contradictions. Localism has been vital in constructing their cooperative class relations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 178-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144265 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144265 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:178-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Breandán Ó hUallacháin Author-X-Name-First: Breandán Ó Author-X-Name-Last: hUallacháin Author-Name: Richard A. Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Richard A. Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: Restructuring of Primary Industries: Technology, Labor, and Corporate Strategy and Control in the Arizona Copper Industry Abstract: Industrial restructuring in the primary sector highlights the continued exploitation of economies of scale, vertical integration, and oligopolistic competition. A few large vertically integrated firms wield power and control over material sources and production facilities. Restructuring of the copper industry in Arizona illustrates the interaction of changing corporate strategies and shifting market structures in primary production. A weakening of the global copper oligopoly disrupted supply/demand adjustment mechanisms following a wave of nationalizations of copper producing properties in South America and Africa in the early 1970s. The resultant depression in prices forced firms in Arizona to restructure. Changes in technological processes and labor relations eliminated large numbers of jobs, redefined work processes, crushed union vigor, revitalized labor productivity, and substantially lessened production costs. Firms that survived the reorganization held specialized core skills in copper that compelled and enabled them to restore capital accumulation. They consolidated assets and intensified vertical integration. A long-term strategic objective of international mining companies, including Arizona's copper firms, is to restore the structure of the global copper oligopoly through new investments in Chile and Peru. Realizing this goal is possible due to the reassertion of capitalistic production principles throughout Latin America and the reinvigoration of international mining firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 196-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144266 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144266 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:196-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Dicken Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Dicken Title: Continental Trading Blocs: The Growth of Regionalism in the World Economy Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 216-219 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144267 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144267 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:216-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward J. Malecki Author-X-Name-First: Edward J. Author-X-Name-Last: Malecki Title: From Combines to Computers: Rural Services and Development in the Age of Information Technology Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 219-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144268 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144268 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:219-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ann M. Oberhauser Author-X-Name-First: Ann M. Author-X-Name-Last: Oberhauser Title: Trading Industries, Trading Regions: International Trade, American Industry, and Regional Economic Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 221-224 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144269 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144269 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:221-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eileen Berry Author-X-Name-First: Eileen Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: From Columbus to ConAgra: The Globalization of Agriculture and Food Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 224-226 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144270 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144270 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:224-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dong Ok Lee Author-X-Name-First: Dong Ok Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The New Asian Immigration in Los Angeles and Global Restructuring Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 226-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144271 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144271 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:226-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Urry Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Urry Title: Money, Power and Space Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 228-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144272 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144272 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:228-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Estabrook Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Estabrook Title: Confronting Environmental Racism: Voices from the Grassroots Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 230-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.2307/144273 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144273 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:2:p:230-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gavin Bridge Author-X-Name-First: Gavin Author-X-Name-Last: Bridge Author-Name: Michael Bradshaw Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Bradshaw Title: Making a Global Gas Market: Territoriality and Production Networks in Liquefied Natural Gas Abstract: Energy markets are an important contemporary site of economic globalization. In this article we use a global production network (GPN) approach to examine the evolutionary dynamics of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector and its role in an emerging global market for natural gas. We extend recent work in the relational economic geography literature on the organizational practices by which production networks are assembled and sustained over time and space; and we address a significantly underdeveloped aspect of GPN research by demonstrating the implications of these practices for the territoriality of GPNs. The article introduces LNG as a techno-material reconfiguration of natural gas that enables it to be moved and sold beyond the continental limits of pipelines. We briefly outline the evolving scale and geographic scope of LNG trade, and introduce the network of firms, extraeconomic actors, and intermediaries through which LNG production, distribution, and marketing are coordinated. Our analysis shows how LNG is evolving from a relatively simple floating pipeline model of point-to-point, binational flows orchestrated by producing and consuming companies and governed by long-term contracts, to a more geographic and organizationally complex production network that is constitutive of an emergent global gas market. Empirically the article provides the first systematic analysis within economic geography of the globalization of the LNG sector and its influence on global gas markets, demonstrating the potential of GPN (and related frameworks) to contribute meaningful analysis of the contemporary political economy of energy. Conceptually the article pushes research on GPN to realize more fully its potential as an analysis of network territoriality by examining how the spatial configuration of GPNs emerges from the organizational structures and coordinating strategies of firms, extraeconomic actors and intermediaries; and by recognizing how network territoriality is constitutive of markets rather than merely responsive to them. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 215-240 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1283212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1283212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:215-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Haberly Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Haberly Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: Earth Incorporated: Centralization and Variegation in the Global Company Network Abstract: Over the past twenty years, a widening gulf has appeared between the increasingly internationalized financing arrangements of the world’s leading corporations and the persistence of nationally compartmentalized approaches to the study of corporate control. In lieu of direct empirical evidence on corporate control at the global level, the most widespread assumption is that the globalization of ownership has taken the form of an expansion of arm’s-length, market-based arrangements traditionally prevailing in the Anglo-American economies. Here, however, we challenge this assumption, both empirically and conceptually. Empirically, we show that three-quarters of the world’s 205 largest firms by sales are linked to a single global company network of concentrated (5 percent) ownership ties. This network has a hierarchically centralized organization, with a dominant global network core of US fund managers ringed by a more geographically diverse state capitalist periphery. Conceptually, we argue that the this architecture can be broadly explained through a Polanyian variegated capitalist model of contradictory market institutionalization, with the formation of the global company network actually a counterintuitive product of global financial marketization. In order to understand this process of network formation, however, it is necessary to extend Polanyi’s model of a double movement, mediated through political interventions in the market, to incorporate Veblenian processes of evolutionary institutional change, mediated through the market. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 241-266 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1267561 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1267561 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:241-266 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Kemeny Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Kemeny Author-Name: Abigail Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Abigail Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Title: Urban Immigrant Diversity and Inclusive Institutions Abstract: Recent studies identify a robust positive correlation between the productivity of urban workers and the presence of a diverse range of immigrants in their midst. Seeking to better understand this relationship, this article tests the hypothesis that the rewards from immigrant diversity will be higher in metropolitan areas that feature more inclusive social and economic institutions. Institutions ought to matter because they regulate transaction costs, which, in principle, determine whether or not diversity offers advantages or disadvantages. We exploit longitudinal linked employer–employee data for the United States to test this idea, and we triangulate across two measures that differently capture the inclusiveness of urban institutions. Findings offer support for the hypothesis. In cities with low levels of inclusive institutions, the benefits of diversity are modest and in some cases nonexistent; in cities with high levels of inclusive institutions, the benefits of immigrant diversity are positive, significant, and substantial. We also find that weakly inclusive institutions hurt natives considerably more than foreign-born workers. These results confirm the economic significance of immigrant diversity, while suggesting the importance of local social and economic institutions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 267-291 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1300056 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1300056 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:267-291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elizabeth Havice Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Havice Author-Name: Liam Campling Author-X-Name-First: Liam Author-X-Name-Last: Campling Title: Where Chain Governance and Environmental Governance Meet: Interfirm Strategies in the Canned Tuna Global Value Chain​ Abstract: In value chain scholarship, chain governance is the relationship of power among firms in a production network. For economic geographers working on the environment, governance refers primarily to state- and nonstate-based institutional and regulatory arrangements shaping human–environment interactions. Yet the theoretical and empirical links between these two concepts of governance are opaque. Drawing on a longitudinal case study of the canned tuna value chain and a historic materialist method, we demonstrate how interfirm strategies over the appropriation of value and distribution of costs and risks work through the environment. We document moments of change in the value chain that enliven a dynamic understanding of how a lead firm becomes and reproduces its power, and strategies that subordinate firms deploy to try to counter the power of lead firms. We posit that these moves broaden value chain scholarship’s focus from governance typologies toward the gravitational tendencies of capitalist competition and that such tendencies are inextricable from the environmental conditions of production through which they are made possible. This approach enables us to look at value chains and the environmental conditions of production as mutually constitutive, helping to explain vexing modern environmental problems as a core element of the general tendencies, mechanisms, and drivers of power in chains. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 292-313 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1292848 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1292848 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:292-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: A review of By Erica Schoenberger Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 314-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1243010 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1243010 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:314-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rosie Cox Author-X-Name-First: Rosie Author-X-Name-Last: Cox Title: A review of By Linda McDowell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 317-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1261628 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1261628 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:317-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Goodwin-White Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin-White Title: A review of By Simon Reid-Henry Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 319-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1278694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1278694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:319-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Boyle Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Boyle Title: A review of By Kevin R. Cox Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 322-323 Issue: 3 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1205946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1205946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:3:p:322-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adam G. Bumpus Author-X-Name-First: Adam G. Author-X-Name-Last: Bumpus Author-Name: Diana M. Liverman Author-X-Name-First: Diana M. Author-X-Name-Last: Liverman Title: Accumulation by Decarbonization and the Governance of Carbon Offsets Abstract: This article examines the governance of international carbon offsets, analyzing the political economy of the origins and governance of offsets. We examine how the governance structures of the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism and unregulated voluntary carbon offsets differ in regulation and in complexity of the chain that links consumers and reducers of carbon, with specific consequences for carbon reductions, development, and the ability to provide “accumulation by decarbonization.” We show how carbon offsets represent capital-accumulation strategies that devolve governance over the atmosphere to supranational and nonstate actors and to the market. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 127-155 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00401.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00401.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:127-155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joris Knoben Author-X-Name-First: Joris Author-X-Name-Last: Knoben Author-Name: L. A. G. (Leon) Oerlemans Author-X-Name-First: L. A. G. (Leon) Author-X-Name-Last: Oerlemans Author-Name: R. P. J. H. (Roel) Rutten Author-X-Name-First: R. P. J. H. (Roel) Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten Title: The Effects of Spatial Mobility on the Performance of Firms Abstract: A considerable body of research has analyzed the impact of a firm’s geographic position and levels of organizational and territorial embeddedness on its performance. Generally these studies have assumed that firms are immobile. Research that has focused on the effects of the relocation of firms has treated firms mainly as atomistic actors that can move freely in geographic space and has tended to neglect the influence of changes in a firm’s geographic position and level of organizational and territorial embeddedness. We integrated insights from both streams of literature to answer the research question, “What are the effects of relocation on a firm’s performance, and what is the influence of a firm’s geographic position and its level of organizational and territorial embeddedness on this relationship?” On the basis of our analysis of data from a survey of managers of Dutch automation services firms, we found that the degree of impact of a firm’s relocation on its performance depends on the characteristics of the relocation. For example, a move to an urbanized region hampers performance, whereas a move to a research and development-intensive region fosters a higher level of performance. Furthermore, firms with high levels of organizational embeddedness suffer in the short term from relocation, but benefit in the long run. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 157-183 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00402.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00402.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:157-183 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James R. Faulconbridge Author-X-Name-First: James R. Author-X-Name-Last: Faulconbridge Title: Managing the Transnational Law Firm: A Relational Analysis of Professional Systems, Embedded Actors, and Time—Space-Sensitive Governance Abstract: This article argues that the relational approach can be particularly effective for addressing debates about the varieties of capitalism and the dynamics of institutional contexts. Using the case study of transnational law firms and data gathered through interviews with partners in London and New York, it makes two arguments. First, it suggests that the relational approach’s focus on the behavior of key agents when new or different work practices are encountered helps explain the management of institutional heterogeneity by transnational corporations (TNCs). Such an approach reveals the peculiarities of professionals and professional service managers and how they affect the response of globalizing law firms when home- and host-country business practices diverge. Second, the article shows how relational approaches can help disaggregate descriptions of national institutional systems to reveal the importance of studying their constitutive practices. Understanding these microlevel variations, which is missed by macrolevel categories like Anglo-American, is essential for explaining how firms cope with institutional heterogeneity. The author therefore argues that a better understanding of the effects of TNCs on national business systems can be facilitated by further developing the actor- and practice-focused analyses promoted by relational approaches. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 185-210 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00403.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00403.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:185-210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ashby H. B. Monk Author-X-Name-First: Ashby H. B. Author-X-Name-Last: Monk Title: The Knot of Contracts: The Corporate Geography of Legacy Costs Abstract: Burdensome past commitments are threatening a concentrated group of industries and communities, predominantly in the U.S. Midwest. Beginning with the bankruptcy of Delphi Corporation, this article documents the crisis for “old-economy firms” with significant legacy costs. To understand the root causes of this legacy crisis, the analysis builds on previous research in economic geography and the results of a widely subscribed and unique “expert opinion” survey highlighting the corporate impacts of defined benefit pensions in the private sector. The result is a conceptual framework that describes the corporate geography of legacy costs: the “knot of contracts.” Specifically, the knot of contracts conceptualizes the role of intergenerational commitments in restricting corporate evolution and innovation, while underscoring time as a central component of the nature of the firm. Developing this framework requires linking microeconomic theories of the firm with the institutional aspects of firms’ geographies. While referring to specific cases and proprietary data throughout, the article is principally concerned with understanding legacy costs. In addition, the intent is to uncover managerial and governmental behavior that tightened this knot of contracts and to expose the current managers’ attempts to manage their firms through the adverse affects of the knot of contracts. The explanations in this article serve as a useful bridge between the realities faced by firms and their surrounding communities and the more abstract notions of the firm and competitiveness in the context of globalization. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 211-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00404.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00404.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:211-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Sunley Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Sunley Title: . By Jamie Gough and Aram Eisenschitz with Andrew McCulloch Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-238 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00405.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00405.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:237-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward J. Malecki Author-X-Name-First: Edward J. Author-X-Name-Last: Malecki Title: . Edited by Karen R. Polenske Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 239-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00406.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00406.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:239-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Christopherson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Christopherson Title: . By Andy Pike, Andrés Rodríguez-Pose and John Tomaney Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 241-242 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00407.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00407.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:241-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kean Birch Author-X-Name-First: Kean Author-X-Name-Last: Birch Title: . Edited by Giovanna Vertova Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 243-244 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00408.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00408.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:243-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas A. Phelps Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps Title: . Edited by Pontus Braunerhjelm and Maryann Feldman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 245-246 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00409.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00409.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:245-246 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Clark Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: . Edited by Michael Taylor and Päivi Oinas Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 247-248 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00410.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00410.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:247-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Clark Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: . Edited by Michael Taylor and Päivi Oinas Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 249-251 Issue: 2 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00411.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00411.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:249-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geraldine Pratt Author-X-Name-First: Geraldine Author-X-Name-Last: Pratt Title: From Registered Nurse to Registered Nanny: Discursive Geographies of Filipina Domestic Workers in Vancouver, B.C. Abstract: This paper is an exploration of what poststructuralist theories of the subject and discourse analysis can bring to theories of labor market segmentation, namely an understanding of how individuals come to understand and are limited in their occupational options. I examine three discursive constructions of “Filipina” and argue that they work to structure Filipinas’ labor market experiences in Vancouver. Filipinas who come to Canada through the Live-in Caregiver Program often come with university educations and professional experiences (e.g., as registered nurses) but then become members of the most occupationally segregated of ethnic groups in Vancouver. As domestic workers in Vancouver, they are defined as “supplicant, preimmigrants,” as inferior “housekeepers,” and, within the Filipino community, as “husband stealers.” I demonstrate that geography has much to bring to discourse analysis; there are geographies written into discourses of “Filipina” that work to position Filipinas in Vancouver as inferior. While the examined discourses overlap and reinforce the marginalization of Filipinas, I also explore how discursive analysis can function as ideology critique, by examining the internal inconsistencies and silences within particular discourses and the points of resistance that emerge when different discourses come into contact and tension. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 215-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00077.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00077.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:3:p:215-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Virginia L. Carlson Author-X-Name-First: Virginia L. Author-X-Name-Last: Carlson Author-Name: Joseph J. Persky Author-X-Name-First: Joseph J. Author-X-Name-Last: Persky Title: Gender and Suburban Wages Abstract: In the monocentric model of urban development, jobs are clustered in the central business district and the price of land and housing decreases as one moves farther from the city center. Firms that elect to locate away from the city center can pay their workers lower wages because workers do not bear the cost of commuting downtown. These intraurban wage differentials have been credited with contributing to the suburbanization of jobs. Recent research on spatial constraints for certain classes of workers suggests, however, that the monocentric model and associated wage differentials may be incomplete. Urban/suburban wage differentials may exist only for certain kinds of workers who are more limited spatially in their commute, such as second-earner women. In this case, women’s wage rates by job location would be much more distance-sensitive than would men’s. Using data from the 1990 Public Use Microdata Sample for the Chicago metropolitan area, we investigate wages by work location. We find that although there are certain categories of occupations where both men and women experience wage differentials, overall, women working in the suburbs encounter wages that are 7.8 percent less than their counterparts downtown, whereas for men the differential is only 1.2 percent. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-253 Issue: 3 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00078.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00078.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:3:p:237-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Bruce Newbold Author-X-Name-First: K. Bruce Author-X-Name-Last: Newbold Title: Spatial Distribution and Redistribution of Immigrants in the Metropolitan United States, 1980 and 1990 Abstract: Although the distribution of the immigrant population reflects a dynamic system that evolves over time, the existing literature provides limited insight into the evolution of the immigrant settlement system. Government policies, new information on alternative locations, employment opportunities, housing, or cultural effects may be responsible for subsequent migrations and changes in the population distribution of the foreign-born. Using data from the 1980 and 1990 5 percent Public Use Microdata Samples, I compare the settlement patterns and reasons for migration among foreign-born cohorts. Cohorts are defined based on period of arrival in the United States and age in 1980 and 1990. The linkage of the 1980 and 1990 census files enables a temporal dimension in the analysis. Although it is not possible to follow individuals over the two periods, aggregate changes in group location and migration patterns can be evaluated. Both period (differences associated with migration over time) and cohort (differences in migration behavior across arrival cohorts within a particular period) effects can be modeled. Of interest are the distribution, redistribution, and magnitude of change in the immigrant settlement system, along with why these adjustments occur for the 25 largest metropolitan areas in the United States. Results indicate that arrival cohorts of different vintages show contrasting responses to the determinants of settlement and migration behavior, although the overall distribution of the foreign-born population changed little over the two census periods. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 254-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00079.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00079.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:3:p:254-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sun Sheng Han Author-X-Name-First: Sun Sheng Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: Clifton W. Pannell Author-X-Name-First: Clifton W. Author-X-Name-Last: Pannell Title: The Geography of Privatization in China, 1978–1996 Abstract: Economic reform in China since the late 1970s has led to remarkable economic growth and many changes in China’s economic geography. Privatization, an important process in deregulating a centrally controlled economy, has been a significant component of China’s economic reform and restructuring. Privatization also has significant spatial consequences linked to its role in China’s regional economic development. With data from policy documents and state statistical sources, we use descriptive statistics and correlation analysis to describe, map, analyze, and explain the changing spatial dimensions of China’s privatization process. A complex pattern of spatial variation in privatization has emerged related to the recent historical legacy of socialist development and new economic opportunities in different regions. Empirical analysis shows that unemployment was influential to privatization in the late 1970s, but in the 1990s, strong state employment in the commercial sector has been associated with the growth of the urban private sector. Moreover, it is geographically significant that the stronger the private sector at the provincial level, the faster the province’s economic growth. Findings on the spatial variation and changes of privatization enhance our understanding of the complex processes of regional development under way in China today and can contribute to the formulation of innovative regional development policies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 272-296 Issue: 3 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00080.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00080.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:3:p:272-296 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Glassman Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Glassman Author-Name: Cindy Fan Author-X-Name-First: Cindy Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Author-Name: Scott Jiusto Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Jiusto Author-Name: E. Philip Steinberg Author-X-Name-First: E. Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Steinberg Author-Name: Peter Dicken Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Dicken Author-Name: Chris Benner Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Benner Author-Name: Nick Middleton Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 297-308 Issue: 3 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00081.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00081.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:3:p:297-308 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter V. Hall Author-X-Name-First: Peter V. Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: Regional Institutional Convergence? Reflections from the Baltimore Waterfront Abstract: This article discusses the process of institutional change across regions in response to structural economic, social, political, and technological change. It accepts as a starting point the assertion that institutional differences between regions account, at least in part, for differences in regional development outcomes. This assertion raises the question of whether institutions in different locales will converge or diverge over time. The article explores this question through a case study of institutional changes associated with the process of containerization at the Port of Baltimore. Despite considerable pressure for convergent change in various formal institutions, specifically with respect to port pricing and terminal leasing policies, important elements of a common-user approach to the operation of the port were maintained. This particular trajectory of institutional change is reflective of both the local political economy and the role of public officials in deliberating over formal institutional choices in the face of considerable uncertainty. The evidence supports a notion of institutional transformation in which regional institutional diversity, albeit in new forms, is maintained. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 347-363 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00218.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00218.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:347-363 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin M. Leichenko Author-X-Name-First: Robin M. Author-X-Name-Last: Leichenko Title: Does Place Still Matter? Accounting for Income Variation Across American Indian Tribal Areas Abstract: Persistent poverty is frequently identified as a key problem on American Indian tribal lands in the United States. Yet the fact that tribal lands tend to be located in isolated, nonmetropolitan areas suggests that relatively lower levels of per capita income in tribal areas may be due largely to locational factors, such as the lack of access to markets, the absence of agglomeration economies, and an inadequate infrastructure. The study presented here explored the role of location-specific factors and other characteristics in accounting for variation in income levels between tribal and nontribal areas and across different types of tribal areas. The results suggest that location indeed plays a significant role in accounting for variation in income across both tribal and nontribal areas, but that human capital, demographics, and structural factors also matter. In particular, college-educated and retirement-age shares of the population have a positive effect on income levels in all areas, while unemployment rates and shares of the population that are American Indian have a negative effect in all areas. The results further indicate that once locational, structural, and demographic factors are controlled, tribal areas do not have significantly lower levels of income than do other areas. The lower income levels found in tribal areas may thus be understood as a function of location, industrial structure, human capital, and demographics, rather than as a reflection of problems that are inherent only in tribal areas. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 365-386 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00219.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00219.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:365-386 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. Neil Adger Author-X-Name-First: W. Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Adger Title: Social Capital, Collective Action, and Adaptation to Climate Change Abstract: Future changes in climate pose significant challenges for society, not the least of which is how best to adapt to observed and potential future impacts of these changes to which the world is already committed. Adaptation is a dynamic social process: the ability of societies to adapt is determined, in part, by the ability to act collectively. This article reviews emerging perspectives on collective action and social capital and argues that insights from these areas inform the nature of adaptive capacity and normative prescriptions of policies of adaptation. Specifically, social capital is increasingly understood within economics to have public and private elements, both of which are based on trust, reputation, and reciprocal action. The public-good aspects of particular forms of social capital are pertinent elements of adaptive capacity in interacting with natural capital and in relation to the performance of institutions that cope with the risks of changes in climate. Case studies are presented of present-day collective action for coping with extremes in weather in coastal areas in Southeast Asia and of community-based coastal management in the Caribbean. These cases demonstrate the importance of social capital framing both the public and private institutions of resource management that build resilience in the face of the risks of changes in climate. These cases illustrate, by analogy, the nature of adaptation processes and collective action in adapting to future changes in climate. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 387-404 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00220.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00220.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:387-404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George N. Curry Author-X-Name-First: George N. Author-X-Name-Last: Curry Title: Moving Beyond Postdevelopment: Facilitating Indigenous Alternatives for “Development” Abstract: Using the example of smallholder oil-palm production in Papua New Guinea, this article illustrates how elements of a market economy and modernity become enmeshed and partly transformed by local place-based nonmarket practices. The persistence, even efflorescence, of indigenous gift exchange, in tandem with greater participation in the market economy, challenges conventional notions about the structures and meanings of development. The introduced market economy can be inflected to serve indigenous sociocultural and economic goals by place-based processes that transform market relations and practices into nonmarket social relationships. These kinds of inflections of the market economy are common and widespread and therefore worthy of consideration for their theoretical insights into processes of social and economic change and the meanings of development. The article concludes by outlining some preliminary thoughts on how development practice could be modified to provide more scope for this process of inflection, so that development strategies accord better with indigenous sociocultural meanings of development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 405-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00221.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00221.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:405-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Robbins Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins Author-Name: Julie T. Sharp Author-X-Name-First: Julie T. Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp Title: Producing and Consuming Chemicals: The Moral Economy of the American Lawn Abstract: The burgeoning application of fertilizers and pesticides to residential lawns, which has begun to offset the gains made in reducing the use of chemicals in agriculture, represents a serious environmental hazard in the United States and elsewhere. Increased use and purchase occur specifically among a sector of consumers who explicitly and disproportionately acknowledge the risks associated with chemical deposition, moreover, and who express concern about the quality of water and human health. What drives the production of monocultural lawns in a period when environmental consciousness has encouraged “green” household action (e.g., recycling)? And why does the production of chemical externalities occur among individuals who claim to be concerned about community, family, and environment? In this article, we explore the interactions that condition and characterize the growth of intensive residential yard management in the United States. We argue that the peculiar growth and expansion of the moral economy of the lawn is the product of a threefold process in which (1) the lawn-chemical industry has implemented new and innovative styles of marketing that (2) help to produce an association of community, family, and environmental health with intensive turf-grass aesthetics and (3) reflect an increasing local demand by consumers for authentic experiences of community, family, and connection to the nonhuman biological world through meaningful work. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 425-451 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00222.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00222.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:425-451 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frans Boekema Author-X-Name-First: Frans Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema Title: by Tassilo Herrschel and Peter Newman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-454 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00223.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00223.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:453-454 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michelle Kooy Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Kooy Title: Edited by Nick Johnstone and Libby Wood Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 455-457 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00224.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00224.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:455-457 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2002–2003 Reviewers: (September 2002 through August 2003) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 459-459 Issue: 4 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00225.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00225.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:4:p:459-459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin M. Leichenko Author-X-Name-First: Robin M. Author-X-Name-Last: Leichenko Title: Exports, Employment, and Production: A Causal Assessment of U.S. States and Regions Abstract: Rising foreign exports are generally perceived to be a driving force behind U.S. regional economic growth. Yet relatively little empirical attention has been paid to the question of causality between foreign exports and economic growth at the regional level. The belief that exports are an engine of economic growth stems from traditional export base theory. This theory indicates that multiplier effects and externalities associated with export expansion are key sources for regional economic growth. While the notion of an export base is often accepted tacitly by regional development researchers, economic theory actually suggests a number of different interpretations of the causal relationship between exports and growth. Heckscher-Ohlin factor endowment theory postulates, for example, that growth of exports is driven by regional labor and capital supplies. Alternatively, new international trade theory suggests that there is a bidirectional relationship between exports and regional economic growth. Exports are thought to enhance regional growth through promotion of economies of scale in production, but local economic conditions, including strong product demand and agglomeration (external) economies, are also thought to promote the growth of exports. In this study, I investigate the causal relationship between international manufacturing exports and manufacturing employment, productivity, and output across the states and in major multistate regions. Results offer general support for bidirectional causality between exports and state economic growth but also indicate some important variations among the different regions of the country. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 303-325 Issue: 4 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00146.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00146.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:4:p:303-325 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Brannstrom Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Brannstrom Title: Coffee Labor Regimes and Deforestation on a Brazilian Frontier, 1915–1965 Abstract: In this paper I analyze the relationship between coffee labor relations and deforestation in São Paulo state, Brazil, using new empirical data from judicial archives and a microeconomic approach stressing transaction costs. Contractual planting, sharecropping, and mixed wage–piece rate schemes encouraged rapid conversion of forest and woodland (Cerradão) to coffee by a wide range of landowners. Factors of labor quality, costly supervision, information asymmetries, and risk shaped the labor relations that speeded the creation of coffee groves. Tensions existed within labor relations schemes regarding usufruct, debt, and the definition of work. The findings suggest that greater attention should be given to the particular nature of labor arrangements in affecting environmental resource use. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 326-346 Issue: 4 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00147.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00147.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:4:p:326-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Agnes Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Agnes Title: The “End of Geography” in Financial Services? Local Embeddedness and Territorialization in the Interest Rate Swaps Industry Abstract: This paper provides evidence that the globalization of financial services has not undermined the importance of local embeddedness in world financial centers, among global banks. Using qualitative data from interviews with senior bankers in the interest rate swaps (derivatives) industry in Australia, in this paper I demonstrate the importance of spatial relationships and processes of local embeddedness in the production of swaps. Local embeddedness is attributable to the rapid exchange of financial information in formal dealing networks that serve as central information sources, enabling dealers to formulate a “market feel” that influences their dealing strategies. Information interpretation and decision making in dealing processes and specialist financial labor provide the foundations for the product-based learning orientation of swaps dealing. Dealing networks are underpinned by social relationships, requiring face-to-face interaction that is facilitated by spatial proximity. Although the global swaps industry is dominated by multinational banks, the centrality of these embedded networks impedes globalization in interest rate swaps dealing. The global swaps industry comprises an international network of highly localized but interconnected operations based in world financial centers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 347-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00148.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00148.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:4:p:347-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sanjoy Chakravorty Author-X-Name-First: Sanjoy Author-X-Name-Last: Chakravorty Title: How Does Structural Reform Affect Regional Development? Resolving Contradictory Theory with Evidence from India Abstract: Regional theory offers little coherent guidance on the prospects for interregional development after structural reform in developing nations. In this paper I suggest a basic set of hypotheses in which the neoliberal nation-state is simultaneously a reduced state (less concerned about promoting regional balance) and an enlarged state (directing development toward selected regions). Under the new regulatory structure the location of post-reform investments may be expected to favor the coast, advanced regions, and existing metropolises (especially the edge areas); these expectations may be more true for foreign direct investments than domestic investments (especially the direct investments of the state). I use disaggregated pre- and post-reform industrial data from India to test the hypotheses. The results offer partial to full support for all hypotheses, providing evidence of the return of cumulative causation, and raising concerns about the political economy of future development in the lagging regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 367-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00149.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00149.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:4:p:367-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Robbins Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins Author-Name: Laurence Lewis Author-X-Name-First: Laurence Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis Author-Name: Ben Wisner Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Wisner Author-Name: Jeffrey Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell Author-Name: Doreen Mattingly Author-X-Name-First: Doreen Author-X-Name-Last: Mattingly Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 395-402 Issue: 4 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00150.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00150.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:4:p:395-402 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Article Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 403-403 Issue: 4 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00151.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00151.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:4:p:403-403 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Nygaard Tanner Author-X-Name-First: Anne Nygaard Author-X-Name-Last: Tanner Title: Regional Branching Reconsidered: Emergence of the Fuel Cell Industry in European Regions Abstract: The literature on economic geography suffers from a lack of attention to the emergence of new industries. Recent literature on “regional branching” proposes that new industries emerge in regions where preexisting economic activities are technologically related to the emerging industry. This article provides a more grounded basis for the emerging literature on regional branching by confronting the regional branching thesis with the realities of an emerging industry, namely, the fuel cell industry. The analysis is based on patent data and qualitative interviews conducted in a selection of European NUTS2 (nomenclature of territorial units for statistics) regions. The findings can be summarized as follows. First, the analysis reveals that in the case of the emerging fuel cell industry, regional diversification is dominated by firm diversification, which complements previous studies’ findings that entrepreneurial spin-offs dominate regional diversification. Second, the study corroborates the assumption that the process of regional branching relies on knowledge generated by nonindustrial actors such as universities and research institutes. Third, the findings suggest that care should be taken in ascribing the underlying logic of regional branching to the principle of technological relatedness alone. The article shows how some regional diversification processes occur in regions where preexisting economic activities are not technologically related to the emerging industry, for instance, when user industries apply new technologies to their product portfolio. The importance of further investigating and disentangling different dimensions of relatedness and their impact on regional branching is stressed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 403-427 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12055 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12055 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:403-427 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sébastien Breau Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien Author-X-Name-Last: Breau Author-Name: Dieter F. Kogler Author-X-Name-First: Dieter F. Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler Author-Name: Kenyon C. Bolton Author-X-Name-First: Kenyon C. Author-X-Name-Last: Bolton Title: On the Relationship between Innovation and Wage Inequality: New Evidence from Canadian Cities Abstract: In this article, we examine the link between innovation and earnings inequality across Canadian cities over the 1996–2006 period. We do so using a novel data set that combines information from the Canadian long-form census and the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The analysis reveals that there is a positive relationship between innovation and inequality: cities with higher levels of innovation have more unequal distributions of earnings. Other factors influencing differences in inequality include city size, manufacturing and government employment, the percentage of visible minority in an urban population, and educational inequality. These results are robust to the use of different measures of inequality, innovation, alternative specifications, and instrumental variables estimations. Questions are thus raised about how the benefits of innovation are distributed in society and the long-term sustainability of such trends. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 351-373 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12056 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12056 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:351-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Teis Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Teis Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Juggling with Proximity and Distance: Collaborative Innovation Projects in the Danish Cleantech Industry Abstract: Studies increasingly apply a multidimensional proximity framework in the analysis of collaborations between actors. This article explores the influence of collaboration motives on the desired proximity characteristics of partnerships in innovation projects based on 50 interviews with representatives from Danish cleantech firms. How search criteria along proximity dimensions differ depends on the purposes of the collaborations. In this way, the analysis distinguishes between the types of collaboration, where geographical proximity is considered highly important and those where geographically distant partners are preferred. Geographical proximity plays an important role in partnerships motivated by interaction around actual product development and knowledge creation, while long-distance relationships appear to be important for partnerships motivated by market access and cost considerations. The insight that the desired proximity characteristics of partnerships are indeed contingent on the motive for collaborating highlights how the proximity framework can be applied in the analysis of firm decision making. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 375-402 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12057 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12057 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:375-402 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brett Christophers Author-X-Name-First: Brett Author-X-Name-Last: Christophers Title: Competition, Law, and the Power of (Imagined) Geography: Market Definition and the Emergence of Too-Big-to-Fail Banking in the United States Abstract: This article explores the role of antitrust (or competition) law in the recent historical evolution of the U.S. commercial banking sector. A core component of antitrust law is the calculative practice of market definition, which involves identifying not only the product or service attributes of a market but also, pointedly, its geographic extent. Geographic market definition—and the geographic knowledges it furnishes—is the focus of the article. It argues that these legal market maps (“the law’s markets,” that is to say) materially shape on-the-ground market and competitive realities. The article develops this argument through a study of the recent history of U.S. antitrust theory and practice in regard to commercial banking. It claims that the particular nature of the geographic models created through this practice is pivotal to explaining the history of evolution of that sector in the final decades of the twentieth century—and most especially, large-scale industry consolidation at the national scale. In the process, the article aims to contribute not only to financial geography but also to three relatively-underdeveloped economic-geographic literatures: on the implication of geographic knowledges in political-economic change; on the geographies of markets; and on the role of the law in economic-geographic transformation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 429-450 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12062 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12062 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:429-450 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward R. Carr Author-X-Name-First: Edward R. Author-X-Name-Last: Carr Title: . By Jamey Essex Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-455 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12065 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12065 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:453-455 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Haberly Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Haberly Title: . By Gordon L. Clark, Adam D. Dixon and Ashby H. B. Monk Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 459-461 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12066 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12066 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:459-461 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert J. Mayhew Author-X-Name-First: Robert J. Author-X-Name-Last: Mayhew Title: . Edited by Philip J. Stern and Carl Wennerlind Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 451-452 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12067 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12067 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:451-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael R. Glass Author-X-Name-First: Michael R. Author-X-Name-Last: Glass Title: . By Tassilo Herrschel Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 457-458 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12069 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12069 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:457-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2013–2014 Reviewers (August 1, 2013 to July 31, 2014) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 463-464 Issue: 4 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12073 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12073 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:4:p:463-464 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose Author-X-Name-First: Andrés Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: Better Rules or Stronger Communities? On the Social Foundations of Institutional Change and Its Economic Effects Abstract: Much of the literature on the impact of institutions on economic development has focused on the tradeoffs between society and community as mutually opposed forms of institutional coordination. On the one hand, sociologists, geographers, and some economists have stressed the positive economic externalities that are associated with the development of associational or group life. Most economists, in contrast, hold that the development of communities may be a second-best solution to the development of formal institutions or even have negative effects, such as the promotion of rent-seeking behavior and principal-agent problems. Societal institutions—such as clear, transparent rules and enforcement mechanisms—are held to be universally positive for development. But there are no real-world cases in which only one of the two exists;society and community are always and everywhere in interaction. This interaction, however, has attracted little attention. In this article, society and community are conceived of as complementary forms of organization whose relative balance and interaction shape the economic potential of every territory. Changes in the balance between community and society take place constantly and affect the medium- and long-run development prospects of every territory. The depth and the speed of change depend on a series of factors, such as starting points in the interaction of society and community, the sources and dynamics of change, and the conflict-solving capacities of the preexisting situation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00286.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00286.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:1-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Dunford Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Dunford Title: Industrial Districts, Magic Circles, and the Restructuring of the Italian Textiles and Clothing Chain Abstract: This article identifies the way in which a firm-centered, value-chain approach to studying the distinctive structure and evolution of the geography of the Italian textile and clothing industries (TCI) offers important insights that qualify the results of district-centered and commodity/value-chain research. Analyses of the functional profiles of textile and clothing companies and of the roles of design, distribution, and services help explain recent trends in industrial concentration and in the national and international fragmentation of value chains. These analyses also give rise to a view of districts as parts of an interdependent geographic division of labor that includes magic circles and delocalized zones of dependent manufacturing. An appreciation of these features of the system is vital for understanding recent trends in the performance of the TCI and the Made in Italy industries more generally. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 27-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00287.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00287.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:27-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil M. Coe Author-X-Name-First: Neil M. Author-X-Name-Last: Coe Author-Name: Yong-Sook Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yong-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The Strategic Localization of Transnational Retailers: The Case of Samsung-Tesco in South Korea Abstract: This article contributes to the small but growing geographic literature on the internationalization of retailing by exploring the strategic localization of transnational retailers. While it has long been recognized that firms in many different sectors localize their activities to meet the requirements of different national and local markets, the imperative is particularly strong for retail transnational corporations (TNCs) because of the extremely high territorial embeddedness of their activities. This embeddedness can be seen through the ways in which retailers seek to establish and maintain extensive store networks, adapt their offerings to various cultures of consumption, and manage the proliferation of connections to the local supply base. We illustrate these conceptual arguments through a case study of the Samsung-Tesco joint venture in South Korea, profiling three particular aspects of Samsung-Tesco’s strategic localization: the localization of products, the localization of sourcing, and the localization of staffing and strategic decision making. In conclusion, we argue that the strategic localization of transnational retailers needs to be conceptualized as a dynamic that evolves over time after initial inward investment and that localization should be seen as a two-way dynamic that has the potential to have a wider impact on the parent corporation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 61-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00288.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00288.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:61-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Godfrey Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Godfrey Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Author-Name: Vincent Mok Author-X-Name-First: Vincent Author-X-Name-Last: Mok Title: Regional Monopoly and Interregional and Intraregional Competition: The Parallel Trade in Coca-Cola Between Shanghai and Hangzhou in China Abstract: This article uses a “principal-agent-subagent”analytical framework and data that were collected from field surveys in China to (1) investigate the nature and causes of the parallel trade in Coca-Cola between Shanghai and Hangzhou and (2) assess the geographic and theoretical implications for the regional monopolies that have been artificially created by Coca-Cola in China. The parallel trade in Coca-Cola is sustained by its intraregional rivalry with Pepsi-Cola in Shanghai, where Coca-Cola (China) (the principal) seeks to maximize its share of the Shanghai soft-drinks market. This goal effectively supersedes the market-division strategy of Coca-Cola (China), since the gap in wholesale prices between the Shanghai and Hangzhou markets is higher than the transaction costs of engaging in parallel trade. The exclusive distributor of Coca-Cola in the Shanghai market (the subagent) makes opportunistic use of a situation in which it does not have to bear the financial consequences of the major residual claimants (the principal and other agents) and has an incentive to enter the nondesignated Coca-Cola market of Hangzhou by crossing the geographic boundary between the two regional monopolies devised by Coca-Cola. The existence of parallel trade in Coca-Cola promotes interregional competition between the Shanghai and Hangzhou bottlers (the agents). This article enhances an understanding of the economic geography of spatial equilibrium, disequilibrium, and quasi-equilibrium of a transnational corporation’s distribution system and its artificially created market boundary in China. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 89-109 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00289.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00289.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:89-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Altha J. Cravey Author-X-Name-First: Altha J. Author-X-Name-Last: Cravey Title: . By Geraldine Pratt Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00290.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00290.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:111-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deborah G. Martin Author-X-Name-First: Deborah G. Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: . By Neil Brenner Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00291.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00291.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stanley D. Brunn Author-X-Name-First: Stanley D. Author-X-Name-Last: Brunn Title: . Edited by Stephen Graham Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00292.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00292.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:1:p:115-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Georges Benko Author-X-Name-First: Georges Author-X-Name-Last: Benko Author-Name: Caroline Desbiens Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Desbiens Title: French Economic Geography: Introduction to the Special Issue Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 323-327 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00240.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00240.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:323-327 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mario Polèse Author-X-Name-First: Mario Author-X-Name-Last: Polèse Author-Name: Richard Shearmur Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Shearmur Title: Culture, Language, and the Location of High-Order Service Functions: The Case of Montreal and Toronto Abstract: Today, there is plenty of evidence of metropolization—the concentration of economic activity, particularly of high-order services—in the world’s largest cities. Furthermore, within most national systems, the urban hierarchy is stable, especially toward the top: cities that were the largest 100 years ago continue to dominate their respective systems today. In Canada, however, this is not the case. Over the past 40 years, there has been a reversal at the top of the urban hierarchy, with Montreal losing its dominance in favor of Toronto. In this article, we document the reversal and elaborate a model that accounts for the spatial shifts in high-order services. Our analysis reveals the continued relevance of culture and language and suggests that there are limits to the concentration of high-order service activity. This finding is corroborated by a more detailed look at occupational shifts within a variety of key economic sectors in Montreal and Toronto. We conclude by suggesting that these results and the model we put forward to explain them have implications that go beyond Canada: even in a globalizing world in which the constraints of distance are lessened, cultural and linguistic factors will continue to play an important role in determining the spatial distribution of high-order economic activity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 329-350 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00241.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00241.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:329-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caroline Desbiens Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Desbiens Title: Nation to Nation: Defining New Structures of Development in Northern Quebec Abstract: In February 2002, the Crees of Quebec and the Quebec government signed a new agreement that was designed to implement new structures of economic development in northern Quebec. The document, known as “La Paix des Braves” (Peace of the Braves), was characterized as a “nation-to-nation” agreement and promises greater participation by the Crees in the management and exploitation of natural resources on the territory. Starting from the premise that the Crees and the Québécois do not simply compete for the resources of James Bay but can be said to define and firm up the boundaries of their respective nation in and through the use of these resources, this article explores the close intertwining of colonialism, culture, and the economy in James Bay, as well as its potential impact on the new agreement. First, it analyzes how the Crees and the Québécois have articulated nationhood in relation to land and resources, particularly over the past three decades. Second, it examines how these discourses are informed by a third national scale, that of Canada. The intersection among nature, nation, and economic development in northern Quebec is a key example of how resources are embedded in complex national geographies that are shaped across a broad historical span. Although sustainability is often defined in terms of the needs of future generations, this article calls for greater attention to past colonial and political relations in defining structures of development that ensure the renewal of resources. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 351-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00242.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00242.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:351-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olivier Crevoisier Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: Crevoisier Title: The Innovative Milieus Approach: Toward a Territorialized Understanding of the Economy? Abstract: Space has always been more or less present in economic theories. Nevertheless, traditional approaches, as well as the so-called new economic geography, introduce space subsequently. Economic theories are first built independently of spatial and temporal contexts, for example, through costs varying according to distance. The innovative milieus approach is based on the ideas that space—or, more precisely, territory—is the matrix of economic development and that economic mechanisms transform space. This article describes innovative milieus as an ideal type that articulates three paradigms: the technological paradigm, which stresses innovation, learning, and know-how as the most important competitive advantages; the organizational paradigm, which emphasizes the role of networks, competition, and rules of cooperation, as well as relational capital; and the territorial paradigm, which accounts for the role of proximity and distance and stresses the idea that competition occurs between regions. The originality of the innovative milieus approach is that it considers these three paradigms as a whole, thus providing a stabilized set of concepts that allow for an understanding of economic development processes in their space and time contexts. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 367-379 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00243.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00243.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:367-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ludovic Halbert Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic Author-X-Name-Last: Halbert Title: The Decentralization of Intrametropolitan Business Services in the Paris Region: Patterns, Interpretation, Consequences Abstract: What is the importance of the decentralization of business services in a Parisian metropolitan region that is known for its inherited monocentricity? Using revised statistical and cartographic methodological tools, I try to answer two questions: Is the new Parisian metropolitan economic geography one of dispersal or of polycentricity? Does decentralization mean the decline or the reinforcement of the economic core? If secondary suburban economic centers benefit from the decentralization of business services, neighboring spaces of the municipality of Paris, such as the inner western suburbs of La Defense and Boulogne-Billancourt, are affected, too. This article demonstrates that polycentricity is not opposite to the constitution of a new golden triangle within the dense part of the agglomeration. This means both that economic centrality still matters (and thus that dispersed cities may not be the twenty-first century’s metropolitan archetype) and that an enlarged core business district (CBD) straddling Paris and the western Hauts-de-Seine département is being reinforced (thus invalidating the theory of CBD decline). Thanks to the widening of the business district from Paris to La Defense, the labor market remains integrated; meanwhile, secondary economic centers in the Outer Suburbs tend to create fragmented subregional labor markets of their own. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 381-404 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00244.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00244.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:381-404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Hess Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Hess Title: . Edited by Nicholas Phelps and Philip Raines Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 405-406 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00245.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00245.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:405-406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David R. Reynolds Author-X-Name-First: David R. Author-X-Name-Last: Reynolds Title: . By Don Mitchell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 407-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00246.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00246.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:407-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Duda Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Duda Title: . By J. W. Frazier, Florence M. Margai and Eugene Tettey-Fio Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 409-410 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00247.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00247.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:409-410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin Leichenko Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Leichenko Title: By Peter Dicken Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 411-412 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00248.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00248.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:411-412 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan M. Walcott Author-X-Name-First: Susan M. Author-X-Name-Last: Walcott Title: Edited by Laurence J. C. Ma and Carolyn Cartier Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 413-414 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00249.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00249.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:413-414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dominic Power Author-X-Name-First: Dominic Author-X-Name-Last: Power Title: . Edited by Jan Öhman and Kirsten Simonsen Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 415-416 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00250.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00250.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:415-416 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mick Dunford Author-X-Name-First: Mick Author-X-Name-Last: Dunford Title: . Edited by Daniel Cohen, Thomas Piketty and Gilles Saint-Paul Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 417-419 Issue: 4 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00251.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00251.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:4:p:417-419 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard C. Jones Author-X-Name-First: Richard C. Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Introduction: The Renewed Role of Remittances in the New World Order Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-7 Issue: 1 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00101.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00101.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:1:p:1-7 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard C. Jones Author-X-Name-First: Richard C. Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Remittances and Inequality: A Question of Migration Stage and Geographic Scale Abstract: Over the past decade, the benefits from economic globalization have bypassed most developing countries, and as a result international wage-labor migration has taken on new importance. The impact of remittances on migrant origins is still, however, a subject of considerable debate. Some researchers find that remittances tend to increase income inequalities, whereas others find just the opposite—even, upon occasion, when they are writing about the same place. This study offers a spatiotemporal perspective in which the stage of migration and the spatial scale at which inequalities are measured are conceptualized as controls that help explain these divergent views. I describe a case study, based on 1988 household survey data collected in central Zacatecas state, Mexico. Interfamilial inequalities are found first to decrease and then to increase as a place’s migration experience deepens. Throughout this experience, however, rural incomes improve relative to urban ones, since remittances are targeted to the predominantly rural areas of origin. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 8-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00102.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00102.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:1:p:8-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dennis Conway Author-X-Name-First: Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Conway Author-Name: Jeffrey H. Cohen Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey H. Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen Title: Consequences of Migration and Remittances for Mexican Transnational Communities Abstract: To better understand the positive contributions return migrants and migrant remittances make in Latin American society, this paper offers a reevaluation of existing conceptual frameworks. Previous research dwelt upon the unproductive nature of expenditures and the difficulties facing return migrants as they reintegrate themselves in home communities, among other problems caused by migration. Drawing upon recent feminist scholarship and the growing body of literature focused on the positive aspects of “migradollars” (U.S. dollars returned by migrants) upon home communities, we propose that remittance investments should be analyzed for their progressive and satisficing effects. We focus on the potential range of household strategies for remittance investment, the ways migrant circulation patterns relate to family and household decision making, and the impact of remittances and migration upon community structure. Finally, using ethnographic data from rural Mexico, we illustrate our argument and demonstrate the dynamic nature of contemporary migration and migrant remittances. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 26-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00103.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00103.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:1:p:26-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas R. Leinbach Author-X-Name-First: Thomas R. Author-X-Name-Last: Leinbach Author-Name: John F. Watkins Author-X-Name-First: John F. Author-X-Name-Last: Watkins Title: Remittances and Circulation Behavior in the Livelihood Process: Transmigrant Families in South Sumatra, Indonesia Abstract: Studies of remittances and remittance behavior have been dominated by emphases on relatively long-distance and long-term migration and on the urban-to-rural flow of capital and goods. Remittance impacts have also been explored, primarily in terms of local and regional development and family well-being. This paper expands our knowledge of remittances by extending the mobility component with a focus on fairly short-distance and short-term circulation in the context of the Indonesian transmigration program. The research takes a qualitative approach, with data derived from semistructured, open-ended interviews of 21 households and several village leaders in the transmigration scheme of Cinta Karya, South Sumatra. Findings are used to develop a schematic model of the peasant livelihood process, which demonstrates the complex decision-making pathways that emerge and evolve as families monitor and continually reallocate their resources to ensure basic survival and, if possible, enhanced well-being through capital accumulation and investments. Our findings illustrate that remittance behavior is spatially controlled and temporally variable, as families balance their labor and capital resources among farm production, local industry and investments, and the often unpredictable nature of circulation employment and remittances. We emphasize the linked and recursive nature of elements in the livelihood process and the related importance of temporal family dynamics in decision-making strategies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 45-63 Issue: 1 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00104.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00104.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:1:p:45-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. N. Pritchard Author-X-Name-First: W. N. Author-X-Name-Last: Pritchard Title: The Emerging Contours of the Third Food Regime: Evidence from Australian Dairy and Wheat Sectors Abstract: Recent restructuring of the Australian dairy and wheat sectors can inform current theoretical debates on the significance of agri-food globalization. A key issue in recent debates is whether current processes lead toward a so-called “third food regime,” wherein strategies for profit capture are built around internationally coordinated flows of production, commodities, and money capital. The study outlined here suggests that there may be ongoing roles for local, farmer-owned marketing cooperatives within current globalization processes. An agenda is presented for further research into agri-food restructuring and globalization. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 64-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00105.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00105.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:1:p:64-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Herod Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Herod Author-Name: Jon Caulfield Author-X-Name-First: Jon Author-X-Name-Last: Caulfield Author-Name: Stephen J. Hornsby Author-X-Name-First: Stephen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Hornsby Author-Name: E. Willard Miller Author-X-Name-First: E. Willard Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Author-Name: Robert Lloyd Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd Author-Name: V. F. S. Sit Author-X-Name-First: V. F. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Sit Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 75-86 Issue: 1 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00106.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00106.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:1:p:75-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bennett Harrison Author-X-Name-First: Bennett Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison Author-Name: Maryellen R. Kelley Author-X-Name-First: Maryellen R. Author-X-Name-Last: Kelley Author-Name: Jon Gant Author-X-Name-First: Jon Author-X-Name-Last: Gant Title: Innovative Firm Behavior and Local Milieu: Exploring the Intersection of Agglomeration, Firm Effects, and Technological Change Abstract: Regional economists, planners, and geographers for more than half a century have drawn a useful distinction in characterizing the properties of spatial agglomerations, or growth centers (or, to use the currently fashionable term, “clusters”). They write on the one hand of the presence of same-sector businesses and employees (“localization”), and on the other of a diverse complex of economic and social institutions (“urbanization”). While both processes—sameness and diversity—are relevant to making sense of how economic activity sorts itself out across space, empirically oriented economists and students of organizational behavior are just now providing scientific support for the hypothesis that urbanization is more important than localization in explaining spatial patterns of innovation and economic development.In this paper, we report on the results of research conducted at the level of individual companies and plants, rather than on the aggregate economies of cities and regions. Across a national size-stratified random sample of almost one thousand manufacturing establishments, we find that the likelihood that managers will adopt new technology—in this case, programmable automation—is significantly associated with the degree of “urbanity” of the counties in which their factories are situated (metropolitan versus nonmetropolitan, suburban rather than downtown, urban rather than rural). But, after controlling for establishment size, scale of those production operations for which this type of automation is relevant, product mix, labor relations, and the industry's dependence on sales to the U.S. Department of Defense, we found that innovation was not systematically related to the density of clusters of similar businesses. Subsequent research by Kelley, which resolves certain technical problems encountered in the present work, reports significant effects of both urbanization and localization, with the former continuing to be relatively more important than the latter in influencing innovation.The difficulty in measuring such firm- and plant-specific effects probably explains why the empirical (as distinct from the theoretical) research literature has thus far offered such a weak basis for exploring the nexus between urbanization and localization processes, on the one hand, and technology and business organization, on the other. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 233-258 Issue: 3 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.2307/144400 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144400 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:3:p:233-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Martin Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Author-Name: Peter Sunley Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Sunley Title: Paul Krugman's Geographical Economics and Its Implications for Regional Development Theory: A Critical Assessment Abstract: Economists, it seems, are discovering geography. Over the past decade, a “new trade theory” and “new economics of competitive advantage” have emerged which, among other things, assign a key importance to the role that the internal geography of a nation may play in determining the trading performance of that nation's industries. Paul Krugman's work, in particular, has been very influential in promoting this view. According to Krugman, in a world of imperfect competition, international trade is driven as much by increasing returns and external economies as by comparative advantage. Furthermore, these external economies are more likely to be realized at the local and regional scale than at the national or international level. To understand trade, therefore, Krugman argues that it is necessary to understand the processes leading to the local and regional concentration of production. To this end he draws on a range of geographical ideas, from Marshallian agglomeration economies, through traditional location theory, to notions of cumulative causation and regional specialization. Our purpose in this paper is to provide a critical assessment of Krugman's “geographical economics” and its implications for contemporary economic geography. His work raises some significant issues for regional development theory in general and the new industrial geography in particular. But at the same time his theory also has significant limitations. We argue that while an exchange of ideas between his theory and recent work in industrial geography would be mutually beneficial, both approaches are limited by their treatment of technological externalities and the legacy of orthodox neoclassical economics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 259-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.2307/144401 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144401 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:3:p:259-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ann Markusen Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Markusen Title: Sticky Places in Slippery Space: A Typology of Industrial Districts Abstract: As advances in transportation and information obliterate distance, cities and regions face a tougher time anchoring income-generating activities. In probing the conditions under which some manage to remain “sticky” places in “slippery” space, this paper rejects the “new industrial district,” in either its Marshallian or more recent Italianate form, as the dominant paradigmatic solution. I identify three additional types of industrial districts, with quite disparate firm configurations, internal versus external orientations, and governance structures: a hub-and-spoke industrial district, revolving around one or more dominant, externally oriented firms; a satellite platform, an assemblage of unconnected branch plants embedded in external organization links; and the state-anchored district, focused on one or more public-sector institutions. The strengths and weaknesses of each are reviewed. The hub-and-spoke and satellite platform variants are argued to be more prominent in the United States than the other two. The findings suggest that the study of industrial districts requires a broader institutional approach and must encompass embeddedness across district boundaries. The research results suggest that a purely locally targeted development strategy will fail to achieve its goals. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 293-313 Issue: 3 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.2307/144402 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144402 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:3:p:293-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Florida Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Florida Title: Regional Creative Destruction: Production Organization, Globalization, and the Economic Transformation of the Midwest Abstract: This article examines the role of new forms of production organization in the process of regional economic transformation. I argue that there is a geographic or regional element to the transformative forces which Schumpeter identified as gales of creative destruction as new forms of production organization transform older regions. I question a central theme of recent geographic theory, that new forms of production organization are the province of newly emerging regions, while older manufacturing regions remain trapped in older, outmoded forms. The research explores these issues through the lens of the Industrial Midwest, a region depicted as beset by chronic economic decline and as being locked into outmoded forms of production organization. The data are drawn from a survey of Midwest manufacturers and field research consisting of site visits and personal interviews at a sample of manufacturing plants. The main findings of the research indicate that there has been a high rate of adoption and diffusion of new forms of work and production organization in the Midwest and that this shift has been accelerated by globalization, particularly by the influx of transplant manufacturers who have transferred new production systems to the region. The research also suggests that the region's broader economic recovery is to some degree linked to the adoption and diffusion of these new forms of production organization. The key findings indicate that new forms of production organization have taken root in this older industrial region, contributing to its economic transformation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 314-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.2307/144403 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144403 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:3:p:314-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Webber Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Title: Profitability and Growth in Multiregion Systems: Theory and a Model Abstract: Interpretations of geographic changes in production over the last 20 years have themselves drawn upon theories of global economic change. In turn those theories rely upon models of economic dynamics that rest upon unduly restrictive notions of equilibrium and that ignore space and region. This paper therefore explains a multiregion dynamic model of profitability, capital investment, and value that eschews notions of equilibrium. The model, even in its general form, demonstrates that values are spatially variable; that net flows of capital occur between regions even if rates of profit are equal; that net flows of capital do not necessarily point to higher profit locations; and that the trajectory of rates of profit depends not only upon the traditional notions of organic composition and rate of exploitation but also upon the rates of growth of demand, supply, and capital, as well as upon trade and investment policies. The next stage of this research is to use empirical observation to estimate the parameters of the model so as to illustrate its usefulness in interpreting the historical geography of production in the OECD. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 335-352 Issue: 3 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.2307/144404 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144404 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:3:p:335-352 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susanne Freidberg Author-X-Name-First: Susanne Author-X-Name-Last: Freidberg Title: A Business of Women Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 353-357 Issue: 3 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.2307/144405 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144405 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:3:p:353-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie A. Silva Author-X-Name-First: Julie A. Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Title: Trade and Income Inequality in a Less Developed Country: The Case of Mozambique Abstract: Although the relationship between international trade and income inequality has been widely studied in developing economies at the national level, less attention has been paid to regional differentiation within those countries. This article examines the differential impacts of trade in two distinct regions in Mozambique: the relatively more developed southern portion and the more isolated region north of the Zambezi River. Despite differences in physical geography and levels of human and physical capital, these two regions are governed by the same trade and economic development policies. The results indicate that the effects of agricultural trade orientation—the degree to which a region’s population is involved in the production and sale of cash crops and vegetable crops—on regional inequality are mixed. In southern Mozambique, the orientation toward crops traded within the country (vegetables) has inequality-increasing effects, whereas in northern Mozambique, the orientation toward internationally exported crops (cash crops) has inequality-dampening effects. These mixed findings imply a complex relationship between trade and inequality that varies by region and the type of trade. They suggest that regional trade and development policies that take historical, political, and geographic variation within countries into account would be better equipped to address the trade-related effects on uneven development than would national-level policy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-136 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00339.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00339.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:111-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sally Weller Author-X-Name-First: Sally Author-X-Name-Last: Weller Title: Strategy and the Contested Politics of Scale: Air Transportation in Australia Abstract: This article explores the ways in which the contested reconfiguration of air transportation infrastructures following deregulation in Australia resulted in the rescaling of air transportation services and their disassociation from the scales of political jurisdictions. In tracing the complex interactions between the state’s and firms’ strategies and their impacts at different scales, the article contends that it is not sufficient to view scale as an arena and outcome of political struggle. Rather, it argues for an activated understanding of scale as strategy. The reconfigurations of the scales of transportation networks in Australia reveal their profound implications for the production of space: for social equity, the fortunes of cities, and the manner of Australia’s insertion in the international division of labor. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 137-158 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00340.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00340.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:137-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuko Aoyama Author-X-Name-First: Yuko Author-X-Name-Last: Aoyama Author-Name: Samuel J. Ratick Author-X-Name-First: Samuel J. Author-X-Name-Last: Ratick Title: Trust, Transactions, and Information Technologies in the U.S. Logistics Industry Abstract: How does information technology (IT) alter the organizational dynamics in an industry? In this article, we examine changes in competition and interfirm relations in the U.S. logistics industry, particularly whether “trust-base” interfirm relationships are being substituted by “competition-base” relationships and the rationale for outsourcing. We also examine how new IT tools and outsourcing interact and how logistics contracts, the size of firms, and knowledge lead to integration or disintegration within the industry. The results of our research demonstrate that while the use of IT tools is widespread, traditional trust-based relationships exhibit a considerable resilience in the logistics industry. The industry is also undergoing a complex process of restructuring in response to technological change, on the one hand, and the persistence of geographic and functional specialization, on the other hand. The industry’s focus on the delivery of high-quality services, coupled with excess capacity in the industry in the past few years, has contributed to these contradictory trends. As a result, elimination of the middleman has not been as widely observed as expected. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 159-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00341.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00341.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:159-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sjoerd Beugelsdijk Author-X-Name-First: Sjoerd Author-X-Name-Last: Beugelsdijk Title: The Regional Environment and a Firm’s Innovative Performance: A Plea for a Multilevel Interactionist Approach Abstract: Following the recent critical debate on the role of the firm versus that of the region, this article contends that for a true test of the importance of the role of the region for a firm’s innovative performance firm-specific heterogeneity needs to be minimized. Empirical studies have tended to deduce that the region matters from the macrophenomenon of regional clusters of economic activity. This deduction has led to an ecological fallacy, in which global phenomena or data aggregates that are actual representations of lower-level phenomena cannot be generalized to those lower levels. This article argues that if researchers want to analyze how a firm’s environment affects its performance, they need to include firm-level strategy and structure. As an empirical illustration of this argument, the article presents a test—controlling for a number of firm-specific factors—of whether regional characteristics like the intensity of regional research and development (R&D), the number of R&D workers in the region, and the presence of a research institute are significantly related to a firm’s ability to produce innovations. The findings suggest that the firm-specific drivers of innovation are more important than is a firm’s regional environment. The article concludes that a renewed focus on the main actors and their interrelationships is needed, particularly those that involve the exchange of knowledge, to assess the extent to which such interactions are carried out within bounded territories. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 181-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00342.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00342.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:181-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Danny MacKinnon Author-X-Name-First: Danny Author-X-Name-Last: MacKinnon Title: . Edited by Ron A. Boschma and Robert C. Kloosterman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 201-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00343.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00343.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:201-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: van Egeraat Chris Author-X-Name-First: van Egeraat Author-X-Name-Last: Chris Title: . Edited by Arnoud Lagendijk and Päivi Oinas Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 203-204 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00344.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00344.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:203-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Norma M. Rantisi Author-X-Name-First: Norma M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rantisi Title: . Edited by Angela Hale and Jane Wills Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 205-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00345.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00345.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:205-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Stenning Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Stenning Title: . By Linda McDowell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 207-208 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00346.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00346.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:207-208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sergio Conti Author-X-Name-First: Sergio Author-X-Name-Last: Conti Title: . By Michael Dunford and Lidia Greco Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 209-210 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00347.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00347.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:209-210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ben Derudder Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder Title: . Edited by Harry W. Richardson and Chang-Hee C.Bae Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 211-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00348.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00348.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:211-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tony H. Grubesic Author-X-Name-First: Tony H. Author-X-Name-Last: Grubesic Title: . By Michael Batty Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 213-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00349.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00349.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:213-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Guthman Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Guthman Title: By Kevin Morgan, Terry Marsden and Jonathan Murdoch Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 215-216 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00350.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00350.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:215-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger R. Stough Author-X-Name-First: Roger R. Author-X-Name-Last: Stough Title: . By Gary Fields Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 217-219 Issue: 2 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00351.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00351.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:217-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Erratum Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-105 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1283814 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1283814 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:105-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil Lee Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Psychology and the Geography of Innovation Abstract: Intangibles, such as tolerance, creativity and trust, are increasingly seen as important for the geography of innovation. Yet these factors have often been poorly approximated in empirical research that has used generalized proxy measures to account for subtle personal differences. This article argues that the psychological literature on personality traits can help address this issue and provide important insights into the socioinstitutional determinants of innovation. It uses a unique, large-scale psychological survey to investigate the relationship between the Big Five personality traits commonly used in psychology—openness to experience, neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness—and patenting in travel-to-work areas in England and Wales. The main personality trait associated with innovation is conscientiousness, a trait defined by organization, hard work, and task completion. Instrumental variable analysis using religious observance in 1851 suggests that this is a causal relationship. Research on the role of intangibles in innovation has been preoccupied by factors, such as creativity and trust, but the results of this article suggest that a new focus—on hard work and organizational ability—is needed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 106-130 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1249845 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1249845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:106-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bas Karreman Author-X-Name-First: Bas Author-X-Name-Last: Karreman Author-Name: Martijn J. Burger Author-X-Name-First: Martijn J. Author-X-Name-Last: Burger Author-Name: Frank G. van Oort Author-X-Name-First: Frank G. Author-X-Name-Last: van Oort Title: Location Choices of Chinese Multinationals in Europe: The Role of Overseas Communities Abstract: Overseas Chinese communities are an important determinant in the location choice of greenfield investments made by mainland Chinese multinational enterprises across European regions. Conceptually embedded in a relational approach, this effect is shown through an empirical analysis of an exhaustive set of investment projects across NUTS-1 regions in twenty-six European countries for the period 2003–2010. When controlling for endogeneity bias and the embeddedness of existing Chinese economic activity, we find that the importance of overseas communities in the location choices of Chinese firms is based on increased access to strategic information. Our results confirm that the relationship between the size of an overseas Chinese community and the probability of Chinese investment is stronger for communities hosting newer generations of Chinese migrants; in addition, they partially corroborate that this relationship is stronger when the education level of the community’s Chinese migrants is higher. Our findings are particularly robust in the context of knowledge-intensive sectors and high value-added functions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 131-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1248939 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1248939 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:131-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hannah K. Bargawi Author-X-Name-First: Hannah K. Author-X-Name-Last: Bargawi Author-Name: Susan A. Newman Author-X-Name-First: Susan A. Author-X-Name-Last: Newman Title: From Futures Markets to the Farm Gate: A Study of Price Formation along Tanzania’s Coffee Commodity Chain Abstract: This article examines the nature of price formation and transmission in the Tanzanian coffee price chain. To date, research on the real-world processes of price formation has been scant in economic geography and extant literatures. This article addresses this by focusing on price formation in geographically distant but connected markets, and the interaction between global and local price dynamics. The article employs a new framework that builds on chain and network approaches by integrating concepts from marketization and institutional approaches. The study finds that the world price of coffee has become increasingly volatile as a result of the behavior of international coffee traders and broader shifts in the character of global capital accumulation. It also demonstrates the varying role domestic marketing and local-level institutions play in shaping price formation and cushioning Tanzanian producers from sudden price changes. Finally, the study highlights the role prices, via these local-level institutions, play in extenuating differentiation between producers, creating winners and losers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 162-184 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1204894 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1204894 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:162-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Wright Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Author-Name: Mark Ellis Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis Author-Name: Matthew Townley Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Townley Title: The Matching of STEM Degree Holders with STEM Occupations in Large Metropolitan Labor Markets in the United States Abstract: Workers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are vital for regional and national prosperity. Not every person with STEM qualifications, however, finds employment in a STEM job. This article analyzes the geography of this matching between STEM degree holders and certain types of STEM occupations across large metropolitan labor markets in the United States. We find that although labor-market size has no effect, living in denser STEM labor markets elevates the probabilities of matching; having an advanced degree enhances this effect. Women are also far less likely to be matched than men; being black or Latino additionally lowers the chances of matching. Combining spatial effects with individual attributes increases probabilities of matching in places with high concentrations of STEM jobs for women, racial minorities, and the foreign born, but these advantages are often the same for white, native-born men. In denser STEM labor markets the job-matching advantage spans the labor pool, conferring no differential benefit for different population subgroups. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 185-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1220803 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1220803 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:185-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Berndt Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Berndt Title: Unruly Markets, the Global Factory, and Uneven Development. A review of , By Stefan Ouma, By Marion Werner Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 202-208 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1226125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1226125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:202-208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sabine Dörry Author-X-Name-First: Sabine Author-X-Name-Last: Dörry Title: A review of By Neil M. Coe and Henry Wai-Chung Yeung Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 209-211 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1226126 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1226126 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:209-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I-Chun Catherine Chang Author-X-Name-First: I-Chun Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: A review of By Jamie Peck and Nik Theodore Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 212-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1226127 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1226127 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:2:p:212-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoffrey J. Martin Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey J. Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: The Emergence and Development of Geographic Thought in New England Abstract: Some of the early settlers of New England brought with them the works and thought of European geographers, notably Ptolemy, Münster, Cluver, Carpenter, and Varenius. Beginning in the 1600s the work of British geographers Gordon and Salmon and Guthrie and Pinkerton was acknowledged, preceding that of Jedidiah Morse, “Father of American Geography.” Morse led the way for a large number of geography texts written by Americans, emphasizing North America and characterized by Varenius’s special geography.Early collegiate developments in New England geography were led by Harvard and Yale universities, the College of Rhode Island (later renamed Brown University), and Dartmouth College. The 20 or so normal schools throughout New England, introduced in the middle 1800s, constituted a nursery for geographic education. Also noted are more recent college and university geography departments established throughout the region, including notably Clark University. The founding of societies and associations in New England also furthered the cause of geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-13 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00027.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00027.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:1-13 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janice Monk Author-X-Name-First: Janice Author-X-Name-Last: Monk Title: The Women Were Always Welcome at Clark Abstract: In absolute and relative terms, since its founding in 1921, the Graduate School of Geography at Clark University has played a major role in educating women geographers. This article examines the period from the 1920s to the early 1970s, when Clark was most distinctive in its representation of women in comparison to other institutions. I examine patterns of enrollment, how the women came to choose Clark, their experiences of the institution and of the job market, and the regional, national, and international connections of Clark women. I pay attention to the women’s perspectives and to their relationships with faculty and alumni, especially founding director Wallace Atwood, questioning whether Ellen Churchill Semple’s presence on the Clark faculty in its first decade had any positive effect on women students’ relations to Clark. The themes are analyzed in relation to currents in the institution, the discipline, American higher education, and gender roles in U.S. society. Key issues that emerge are the occupational segregation within the discipline before the 1960s, which led to women being associated primarily with teacher training institutions and, to some extent, women’s colleges; Atwood’s commitment to geographic education; the importance of Clark networks; and the women’s valuing of a collaborative atmosphere and of field education. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 14-30 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00028.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00028.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:14-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David R. Meyer Author-X-Name-First: David R. Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer Title: Formation of Advanced Technology Districts: New England Textile Machinery and Firearms, 1790–1820 Abstract: Alternative explanations for the formation of industrial districts stress, on the one hand, that the industrial growth process produces characteristics of the district (labor skills, interindustrial linkages) and, on the other hand, that characteristics of the regions influence the types of industries that emerge. The formation of the cotton textile machinery and firearms industrial districts in New England between 1790 and 1820 demonstrates the importance of initial conditions, including general education and skills levels, a growing economy, prosperous people, and social networks that communicate information and support cooperative ventures. The bridges across social networks of personnel and firms provide the means to acquire new technology. Internal social cohesion within a network supports exchanges, but even more critical to long-term growth of an industrial district are the bridges across social networks that have minimal redundancy. Those types of contacts maximize the diversity of information and open new possibilities for contacts. The cotton textile machinery and firearms industries in New England emerged in a prosperous agricultural economy with a deep set of skills in metalworking. Those preexisting metalworking skills supported growth and technological change in the new industries. At the same time, the new industries added to the richness of metalworking skills and the social networks that tied personnel and firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 31-45 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00029.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00029.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:31-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rutherford H. Platt Author-X-Name-First: Rutherford H. Author-X-Name-Last: Platt Author-Name: James M. Kendra Author-X-Name-First: James M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kendra Title: The Sears Island Saga: Law in Search of Geography Abstract: Although the influence of law in shaping human use of land and water has long been recognized, the role of geographic factors in the resolution of legal disputes involving such resources is less appreciated. When the outcome of litigation or administrative procedures depends upon accurate understanding of geographic context and uncertainties, and such understanding is flawed, the legal process may become a faltering, costly exercise in futility. Such has been the case with the 20-year battle over the fate of Sears Island, a sizable tract of undeveloped coastal Maine at the head of Penobscot Bay. This controversy has reflected competition between economic and environmental goals in coastal zone management, the issue of local versus nonlocal control of resources, and the uneasy interaction of geography and law in the process of environmental impact assessment under the National Environmental Policy Act. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 46-61 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00030.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00030.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:46-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: Postwelfare Massachusetts Abstract: By way of a critical analysis of welfare reform initiatives in Massachusetts, the paper explores the complex interplay between federal- and state-level factors in welfare policy discourse and practice. I argue that, despite being represented as both home-grown and innovative, the recent package of reforms in Massachusetts is neither. Rather, it is the outcome of a self-inflicted hollowing out of the nation-state, coupled with a dramatic increase in federally orchestrated policy transfers between states, themselves anxious to appear active in the welfare reform process. The apparent consensus on work-based welfare reform is more a symptom of this structural context than it is an outcome of ideas that work at the local level. As a result, the postwelfare settlement in Massachusetts is an unstable one. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 62-82 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00031.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00031.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:62-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cynthia Horan Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia Author-X-Name-Last: Horan Author-Name: Andrew E. G. Jonas Author-X-Name-First: Andrew E. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Jonas Title: Governing Massachusetts: Uneven Development and Politics in Metropolitan Boston Abstract: This paper analyzes governance and politics in Massachusetts in the 1980s and 1990s. Using a regulationist analysis of the “mode of social regulation” as well as urban regime theory’s emphasis on governing coalitions, we show how spatial restructuring has transformed governing coalitions, governance structures, and local politics. Empirically, we note the importance of the Greater Boston area to the Commonwealth’s recent economic recovery but point to the lack of regional governance capacity. Political fragmentation and territorial conflict continue to frustrate the development of more coherent governing coalitions and governance structures at the state, regional, and local levels. Theoretically, we stress how conditions internal to local economies contribute to their structural incoherence. This contrasts with the regulationist emphasis on external conditions, including globalization and the failure of national states to manage uneven development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 83-95 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00032.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00032.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:83-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adrian J. Bailey Author-X-Name-First: Adrian J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bailey Author-Name: James D. Sargent Author-X-Name-First: James D. Author-X-Name-Last: Sargent Author-Name: Megan K. Blake Author-X-Name-First: Megan K. Author-X-Name-Last: Blake Title: A Tale of Two Counties: Childhood Lead Poisoning, Industrialization, and Abatement in New England Abstract: We examine spatial variation in childhood lead poisoning within two industrial counties in New England: Worcester County, Massachusetts, and Providence County, Rhode Island. The findings suggest that lead exposure is linked to the differential patterns of urbanization and industrial activity and that a history of abatement can reduce lead exposure. Lead exposure in census tracts with minority neighborhoods varies in complex ways between the counties. We conclude that attention to local context forms an essential component of understanding how public health interventions will continue to affect the geography of childhood lead poisoning. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 96-111 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00033.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00033.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:96-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne-Marie D’Hauteserre Author-X-Name-First: Anne-Marie Author-X-Name-Last: D’Hauteserre Title: Foxwoods Casino Resort: An Unusual Experiment in Economic Development Abstract: The Foxwoods Casino Resort owned by the Mashantucket Pequots of Connecticut is the largest gambling casino in the Western world. The Pequots’ Connecticut location enabled the tribe to open a casino, with accessibility to a large market and limited competition. The opening of Foxwoods is also the result of changes in relationships between Americans and Indians and shifts in American attitudes toward gambling. As attitudes and laws change, however, there is little chance that another Indian Foxwoods will be created here or elsewhere in the United States. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 112-121 Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00034.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00034.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:112-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Title: A Note from the Editors Journal: Economic Geography Pages: ii-ii Issue: 0 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00026.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00026.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:0:p:ii-ii Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: Welcome to Economic Geography Volume 92 Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1111755 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1111755 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: The Right to Work, and the Right at Work Abstract: Antiunion right to work (RTW) laws are a distinctive legacy of (trans)formative struggles around the industrial-relations settlement in the United States, and an enduring symbol of its stunted and bifurcated development. The RTW fault line, drawn in the 1940s and 1950s, was for a long time the sharpest spatial indicator of the divide between the union staging grounds of the industrial heartland and the much less organized and characteristically ‘deregulated’ South. After 1958, something like a cold war stalemate prevailed for half a century, however, with only an incremental drift to the RTW side, even as a new pattern of ‘flexible’ growth was incubated in the Sun Belt, as deindustrialization and trade displacement struck the Rust Belt, and as the political climate, post-Reagan, skewed decisively in favor of corporate interests. Nevertheless, the RTW line essentially held, that is, until the abrupt renewal of hostilities after 2008, following a Republican resurgence at the state and local level, coupled with a concerted, cross-country attack on a weakened labor movement led by an ideologically aligned coalition of business organizations, free-market think tanks, legal activists, and heavily bankrolled conservative advocacy networks. The former union strongholds of Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin have since gone RTW; practically every non-RTW state in the nation has witnessed the advance of this signature antiunion legislation; and a new generation of local RTW ordinances has been hatched. This article explores the implications of this sudden movement in the tectonic plates of the U.S. labor-relations system and the labor geographies that are being made (and broken) in its wake. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 4-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1112233 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1112233 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:4-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Christopherson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Christopherson Title: Commentary on ‘The Right to Work and the Right at Work’ Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 31-34 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1111754 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1111754 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:31-34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre-Alexandre Balland Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Alexandre Author-X-Name-Last: Balland Author-Name: José Antonio Belso-Martínez Author-X-Name-First: José Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: Belso-Martínez Author-Name: Andrea Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: The Dynamics of Technical and Business Knowledge Networks in Industrial Clusters: Embeddedness, Status, or Proximity? Abstract: Although informal knowledge networks have often been regarded as a key ingredient behind the success of industrial clusters, the forces that shape their structure and dynamics remain largely unknown. Drawing on recent network dynamic models, we analyze the evolution of business and technical knowledge networks within a toy cluster in Spain. Empirical results suggest that the dynamics of the two networks differ to a large extent. We find that status drives the formation of business knowledge networks, proximity is more crucial for technical knowledge networks, while embeddedness plays an equally important role in the dynamics of both networks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 35-60 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1094370 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1094370 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:35-60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chris Gibson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson Title: Material Inheritances: How Place, Materiality, and Labor Process Underpin the Path-dependent Evolution of Contemporary Craft Production Abstract: This article explores the historic–geographic evolution of contemporary craft production, with sensitivity to materiality of labor process, product design, and accompanying place mythologies. Craft production—increasingly interpolated as a form of creative work—is shaped by concerns about retrieving archaic tools and ways of making things, celebrating provenance and the haptic skills of makers, and delivering (and marketing) manual labor process. In contrast to evolutionary economic geography’s seeming immateriality and abstraction, attention is drawn to material aspects of place and path dependence that undergird geographies of new craft industries: how labor process evolves, in iteration with technical lock-ins that stem from production method, product design, and capacities of component materials, but also how legacies of mass manufacturing linger in putatively authentic places—shaping new geographic concentrations. An especially vivid case is explored: a cluster of cowboy bootmaking workshops in El Paso, Texas. Bootmaking has metamorphosed from artisanal to factory to a craft-based creative mode of production. Crucial were continuity in product design and evolution of labor process. So, too, was geography: an iconic borderland city location with historic legacies of labor intensive mass manufacturing; migrant workers with requisite embodied skills; antique tools; and significant stocks of leather, the core input material that must be seen, felt, and smelt by makers before fabrication. I argue for a grounded, critical evolutionary economic geography that requires stronger intersection with labor process, with the cultural logics infusing capitalism, and with greater recognition of material inheritances that are reconfigured in place over successive generations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 61-86 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1092211 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1092211 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:61-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Caragliu Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Caragliu Author-Name: Laura de Dominicis Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: de Dominicis Author-Name: Henri L.F. de Groot Author-X-Name-First: Henri L.F. Author-X-Name-Last: de Groot Title: Both Marshall and Jacobs were Right! Abstract: This article adds to the empirical evidence on the impact of agglomeration externalities on regional growth along three main dimensions. On the basis of data on 259 Europe NUTS2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions and 15 NACE (Nomenclature statistique des Activités économiques dans la Communauté Européenne) 1.1 2-digit industries for the period 1990–2007, we show that agglomeration externalities are stronger in technology-intensive industries, also after controlling for sorting; that specialization externalities are stronger for low density regions, while diversity matters more for denser urban areas; and, finally, that Jacobs externalities comprise a pure diversification effect (related variety) and a portfolio effect (unrelated variety), although evidence of positive effects on regional growth is only found for the latter. An additional contribution of this article is to extend the analysis on the basis of a full geographical coverage of European NUTS2 regions, with the aim to generalize the empirical identification of the impacts of specialization and diversification externalities with respect to the existing literature. Our results are robust to a rich set of consistency checks, including the use of spatial autoregressive models with autoregressive disturbances, used to assess to what extent the effects of agglomeration externalities are localized. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 87-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1094371 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1094371 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:87-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Sparke Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Sparke Title: A review of by Warwick E. Murray and John Overton Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 112-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1095437 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1095437 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:112-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Walks Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Walks Title: A review of by Miranda Joseph Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1095438 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1095438 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:115-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tad Mutersbaugh Author-X-Name-First: Tad Author-X-Name-Last: Mutersbaugh Title: A review of by Gavin Fridell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 118-119 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1095436 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1095436 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:118-119 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Wolfe Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe Title: A review of edited by Martin Kenney and David Mowery Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 120-121 Issue: 1 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1103176 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2015.1103176 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:1:p:120-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: SeongWoo Lee Author-X-Name-First: SeongWoo Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Curtis C. Roseman Author-X-Name-First: Curtis C. Author-X-Name-Last: Roseman Title: Migration Determinants and Employment Consequences of White and Black Families, 1985–1990 Abstract: This study examines the determinants and employment consequences of white and black family interstate migration within the United States during the period 1985–90. We pay particular attention to selecting intact family migrants from the 1990 PUMS data to eliminate couples who migrated from different origins. Migration status is treated as a selection process and is incorporated into the employment opportunity models. We show that various socioenvironmental and fiscal factors are significantly and disproportionately associated with the location choices of family migrants for both whites and blacks. Expected economic benefits are more important to destination choices by black families than they are for white families. Consistent with traditional family migration theory, the employment prospects of migrant wives seem to play a lesser role than the husbands’ employment in family migration decisions for both blacks and whites. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-133 Issue: 2 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00119.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00119.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:2:p:109-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Enid Arvidson Author-X-Name-First: Enid Author-X-Name-Last: Arvidson Title: Remapping Los Angeles, or, Taking the Risk of Class in Postmodern Urban Theory Abstract: Los Angeles is an oft-cited example where recent political, economic, technological, and demographic changes are all seen as leading to urban restructuring, including restructuring of class relations. Shaped like an hourglass—with well-paid white professionals and producer service workers at the top, low-paid non-union immigrants and consumer service workers at the bottom, and a squeezed middle—the new class structure is manifest in the city as spatial polarization, a central feature of postmodern urbanism. With this restructuring has come a decline of class-based politics. Progressive political response ranges from a normative reassertion of class-based politics to their abandonment in favor of “new” post-class identities and struggles. This paper presents a middle ground between reassertion versus abandonment of class-based politics based on a threefold rethinking of the concept of class in this literature. An alternative “mapping” is presented, using U.S. census data for Los Angeles, siting a variety of class relations (capitalist, independent, feudal, communal) as spatially ubiquitous rather than polarized across the landscape. Each of these relations is understood as one in the contradictory ensemble of class and nonclass positions people occupy, complexly conditioning their identities and struggles. The paper concludes with a discussion of class relations and struggles in two seemingly polarized urban places, Malibu and Fontana, highlighting some political implications of this alternative mapping. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 134-156 Issue: 2 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00120.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00120.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:2:p:134-156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Suzanne Reimer Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Reimer Title: “Getting by” in Time and Space: Fragmented Work in Local Authorities Abstract: Manual work in British local authorities has been substantially restructured since the introduction of compulsory competitive tendering (CCT) in 1988. The central argument of the paper is that CCT has led to an increasing fragmentation of work, employment, and labor markets. Drawing primarily upon interviews with cleaning and catering employees in three case study councils, I demonstrate that labor forces are now highly diversified as wage and other divisions have emerged among groups of workers both between and within different local labor markets. The employment experiences of individual workers also have become fragmented. Not only is job tenure limited to the length of a contract, but also private contractors frequently seek to alter employees’ terms and conditions of work during the life of the contract itself. Additionally, many cleaning and catering workers must now combine multiple part-time, frequently insecure jobs in an attempt to obtain a living wage. Extending the work of Mingione, the paper stresses the complexity of restructuring within what have long been low-wage, low-status, and highly gender-segregated sectors of employment. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 157-177 Issue: 2 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00121.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00121.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:2:p:157-177 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bryan Dorsey Author-X-Name-First: Bryan Author-X-Name-Last: Dorsey Title: Agricultural Intensification, Diversification, and Commercial Production among Smallholder Coffee Growers in Central Kenya Abstract: The research summarized in this article establishes direct links between the scale, process, and output of agricultural production by examining the dynamics of intensification, crop diversification, and commercialization. Small farm survey results from Kirinyaga District, Kenya, show that diversified production provides smallholders with the opportunity to select a particular crop or crops for commercial production (such as coffee, French beans, or tomatoes) in order to increase farm-generated income while meeting increasing demands for local farm produce and export crops. The study shows that income per hectare (acre) does not consistently increase with increasing farm size, regardless of the level of commercialization. Smallholders operating at the 1.2 to 1.6 hectare (3–4 acre) scale appear to engage in higher-risk, more diversified, commercial production strategies than those with less area under production. These findings expand upon induced intensification theory and support the thesis that increased agricultural productivity results from both subsistence- and commodity-based production, though the research focuses on the latter. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 178-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00122.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00122.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:2:p:178-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas R. Leinbach Author-X-Name-First: Thomas R. Author-X-Name-Last: Leinbach Author-Name: David P. Lindahl Author-X-Name-First: David P. Author-X-Name-Last: Lindahl Author-Name: Brad Jokisch Author-X-Name-First: Brad Author-X-Name-Last: Jokisch Author-Name: Pamela Moss Author-X-Name-First: Pamela Author-X-Name-Last: Moss Author-Name: Stuart Lorkin Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Lorkin Author-Name: David E. Kromm Author-X-Name-First: David E. Author-X-Name-Last: Kromm Author-Name: Chris Cooper Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper Author-Name: Janet Henshall Momsen Author-X-Name-First: Janet Author-X-Name-Last: Henshall Momsen Author-Name: W. Donald Buckwalter Author-X-Name-First: W. Donald Author-X-Name-Last: Buckwalter Title: Book Review Essay Indonesian Development in Crisis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 196-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00123.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00123.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:2:p:196-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gernot Grabher Author-X-Name-First: Gernot Author-X-Name-Last: Grabher Author-Name: Oliver Ibert Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Ibert Author-Name: Saskia Flohr Author-X-Name-First: Saskia Author-X-Name-Last: Flohr Title: The Neglected King: The Customer in the New Knowledge Ecology of Innovation Abstract: Despite the universal mantra that “the customer is king,” the role of the customer has so far seemed to have been confined to a passive recipient of products. Recently, however, this traditional perception has been challenged. On the one hand, users are increasingly appreciated as reflexive actors who are actively involved in the evaluation, modif ication, and configuration of products. On the other hand, beyond the established repertoire to access external knowledge through interorganizational networks, firms increasingly attempt to harness user knowledge. These two concurrent shifts do not result in a smooth convergence. Rather, they open up a highly contested terrain in which habitual distinctions between the producer and user are blurred. In this article, we map the evolving terrain of user-producer interaction in innovation processes. Specifically, we contrast more traditional approaches to incorporate customer knowledge with an emerging class of innovative user-producer relationships, provisionally dubbed “co-development.” We then propose a typology of different modes of codevelopment that is organized along two dimensions: the degree of user involvement and the prevailing locus of knowledge production. This typology seeks to capture the heterogeneity of co-development approaches and to provide a conceptual template for further empirical research on user involvement in innovation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 253-280 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00365.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00365.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:253-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: Governing Finance: Global Imperatives and the Challenge of Reconciling Community Representation with Expertise Abstract: Although the regulation of financial institutions and global markets has been subject to extensive research and policy practice, regulation often comes second to governance: regulation cleans up failures of governance in the management and performance of private financial institutions and markets. There are two theories of the nature and practice of governance; one emphasizes its functional performance, whereas the other emphasizes its political foundations. In this article, I suggest that best practice seeks to reconcile functionalism with community representation and that representation is a virtue in its own right and need not be seen as antithetical to functional efficiency. To sustain these arguments, I note the distinctive characteristics of financial decision making under risk and uncertainty, using simple examples to underscore the benefits of good governance. I then present criteria for well-governed financial institutions, specifically public and private pension funds, with implications for best practice as illustrated by four case studies of funds from Canada, Europe, and the United States. The final section considers the lessons of these case studies for the design of sovereign wealth funds and raises questions as to whether there are limits to reconciliation, given the acceleration of global financial integration. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 281-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00366.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00366.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:281-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Goodwin-White Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin-White Title: Placing Progress: Contextual Inequality and Immigrant Incorporation in the United States Abstract: This article contributes to the growing body of research on the economic incorporation of immigrants by considering the relative wages of immigrants, the adult children of immigrants, and the U.S.-born children of U.S. parentage. By disaggregating these three groups racially, comparing entire wage distributions, and comparing the immigrant cities of New York and Los Angeles with the United States overall, it presents a perspective on the complicated contexts of the intergenerational progress of immigrants. In addition to comparing the groups’ relative positions in 1990 and 2000, the article decomposes relative wages such that differences in the educational composition of groups can be isolated from residual wage inequality. This research is of interest because consideration of the U.S.-born or educated children of immigrants invokes questions of social mobility and the persistence of ethnic inequality more generally. The article also contributes to a theoretical debate over place and immigrants’ progress by examining the second generation, for whom residence in immigrant cities is often theorized as detrimental to economic incorporation. Finally, it introduces a substantial analysis of local wage structures to questions of immigrants’ intergenerational economic progress to a much greater extent than has previously been the case. The results suggest that prospects for immigrants’ economic incorporation are geographically specific and should be assessed across multiple generations as a result of the continuing contexts of racial wage inequality Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 303-332 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00367.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00367.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:303-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomasz Majek Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz Author-X-Name-Last: Majek Author-Name: Roger Hayter Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Hayter Title: Hybrid Branch Plants: Japanese Lean Production in Poland’s Automobile Industry Abstract: This article examines hybrid branch plants created by an interaction of the routines and conventions of the parent company with those of local institutions. We argue that hybridization is a search for an appropriate mix of practices that ensure viability in local circumstances, rather than necessarily the transfer of established “best” (parent-company) practices. Conceptually, hybridization is interpreted as learning-based (and bargaining) processes that are inherent in the evolution (internationalization) of firms in which alternative trajectories are possible. Empirically, the article examines the recent transfer of lean production to Poland’s automobile industry and comparatively and qualitatively analyzes four hybrid branch plants in terms of six dimensions of shop-floor and factory management. Given the explosion of Japanese foreign direct investment in recent decades, its competitive strengths, and the importance that Japanese firms attach to learning processes, lean production is an important case study for hybridization. The four cases illustrate different types of hybrid behavior with different consequences for corporate and local performance. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 333-358 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00368.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00368.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:333-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil Smith Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Edited by Helga Leitner, Jamie Peck and Eric S. Sheppard Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 359-361 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00369.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00369.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:359-361 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bert van der Knaap Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: van der Knaap Title: . Edited by Peter Nijkamp, Ronald L. Moomaw and Iulia Traistaru-Siedschlag Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 363-364 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00370.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00370.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:363-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin J. Pasqualetti Author-X-Name-First: Martin J. Author-X-Name-Last: Pasqualetti Title: . Edited by Martin Melosi and Joseph Pratt Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 365-366 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00371.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00371.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:365-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simona Iammarino Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Iammarino Title: . Edited by Masatsugu Tsuji, Emanuele Giovannetti and Mitsuhiro Kagami Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 367-368 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00372.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00372.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:367-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Ellis Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis Title: . By Ivan Light Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 369-370 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00373.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00373.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:369-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Proinnsias Breathnach Author-X-Name-First: Proinnsias Author-X-Name-Last: Breathnach Title: . Edited by John R. Bryson and Peter W. Daniels Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 371-372 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00374.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00374.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:371-372 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Angus Cameron Author-X-Name-First: Angus Author-X-Name-Last: Cameron Title: . By Peter North Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 373-374 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00375.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00375.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:373-374 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: . By Doreen Massey Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 375-377 Issue: 3 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00376.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00376.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:3:p:375-377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emanuela Marrocu Author-X-Name-First: Emanuela Author-X-Name-Last: Marrocu Author-Name: Raffaele Paci Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: Paci Title: Education or Creativity: What Matters Most for Economic Performance? Abstract: There is a large consensus among social researchers on the positive role that human capital plays in economic performances. The standard way to measure the human capital endowment is to consider the educational attainments of the resident population, usually the share of people with a university degree. Florida (2002) suggested a different measure of human capital—the “creative class”—based on the actual occupations of individuals in specific jobs like science, engineering, the arts, culture, and entertainment. However, the empirical analyses conducted so far have overlooked a serious measurement problem concerning the clear definition of the education and creativity components of human capital. This article aims to disentangle this issue by proposing a disaggregation of human capital into three nonoverlapping categories: creative graduates, bohemians, and noncreative graduates. Using a spatial error model to account for spatial dependence, we assess the concurrent effect of the human capital indicators on total factor productivity for 257 regions of EU27. Our results indicate that highly educated people working in creative occupations are the most relevant component in explaining production efficiency, noncreative graduates exhibit a lower impact, and bohemians do not show a significant effect on regional performance. Moreover, a significant influence is exerted by technological capital, cultural diversity, and industrial and geographic characteristics, thus providing robust evidence that a highly educated, innovative, open, and culturally diverse environment is becoming more central for productivity enhancements. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 369-401 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01161.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01161.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:369-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: The End of Investment Bank Capitalism? An Economic Geography of Financial Jobs and Power Abstract: This article investigates employment patterns, remuneration, and power relations in the U.S. financial sector between 1978 and 2008. It demonstrates that investment banking has played a central part in the securities industry, which has been by far the most expansive segment of the U.S. financial sector and a significant contributor to growing income inequality. The power of investment banking has risen over the past 30 years under the conditions of the growing demand for investment services, technological changes, deregulation, and globalization. Investment banks were at the heart of the shadow banking system, inventing many of the products used by it and often disguising its operation, thus contributing decisively to the outbreak of the global financial crisis of 2007–9. With leading U.S. investment banks converted into bank holding companies and the threat of reregulation, the future of investment banking is uncertain. One area of uncertainty is the banks’ relationship with sovereign wealth funds, which involves both opportunities and challenges. The article identifies the economic geography of investment banking as one of the keys to understanding the dynamics of the contemporary world economy and promotes a mesolevel approach to geographies of finance. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-368 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01162.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01162.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:345-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marion Werner Author-X-Name-First: Marion Author-X-Name-Last: Werner Title: Beyond Upgrading: Gendered Labor and the Restructuring of Firms in the Dominican Republic Abstract: In the literature on global commodity chains, industrial upgrading describes the process whereby firms shift to more secure or more profitable niches within or between industries through organizational learning facilitated by networks. While the framework of upgrading identifies key dynamics of competition between capitals, it nonetheless sidelines inquiry into how such imperatives condition and are conditioned by labor. To address this conceptual weakness, I argue that studies of the restructuring of production networks can be enriched through a feminist analysis of value. In particular, the efforts of firms to reposition themselves in networks should be considered in light of struggles to rework the basis of labor’s value to capital, a process of reproducing and recombining interlocking social differences into novel combinations of exploitable workers. I explore this process through an in-depth case study of a large garment firm in the Dominican Republic, in which upgrading involved the reworking of skilled and unskilled work, animated by gendered practices and norms, that led to the masculinization of skilled sewing and the feminization of new service engineering functions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 403-422 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01163.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01163.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:403-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil M. Coe Author-X-Name-First: Neil M. Author-X-Name-Last: Coe Title: . Edited by G. G.Hamilton, M. Petrovic and B. Senauer Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 447-449 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01164.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01164.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:447-449 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vida Vanchan Author-X-Name-First: Vida Author-X-Name-Last: Vanchan Title: . By Andrew Wood and Susan Roberts Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 457-458 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01165.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01165.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:457-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Wyrwich Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Wyrwich Title: Regional Entrepreneurial Heritage in a Socialist and a Postsocialist Economy Abstract: Regions have a distinct entrepreneurial heritage, understood as a historical tradition in entrepreneurial culture. The persistence of that heritage in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) is examined across severe ruptures in economic development. In this article, I argue that regional differences in private-sector activities under socialism—a system that was hostile toward entrepreneurs—reflect strong entrepreneurial orientations of local populations and regional cultures of entrepreneurship that were presocialist in origin. The empirical analysis suggests that an “entrepreneurial residual,” left over from the socialist experiment, positively affected startup activity after the transformation of the GDR back to a market economy. The results show that an entrepreneurial culture is an important regional resource that endures. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 423-445 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01166.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01166.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:423-445 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Joo Kim Author-X-Name-First: Anna Joo Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: . By Jane Wills, Kavita Datta, Yara Evans, Joanna Herbert, Jon May and Cathy McIlwaine Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-455 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01168.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01168.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:453-455 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janne Lindstedt Author-X-Name-First: Janne Author-X-Name-Last: Lindstedt Title: . Edited by Andy Pike Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 451-452 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01169.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01169.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:451-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2011–2012 Reviewers (August 1, 2011 to August 1, 2012) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 459-460 Issue: 4 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01173.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01173.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:4:p:459-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephan Heblich Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Heblich Title: . Edited by Ron Boschma and Ron Martin Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 477-478 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01130.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01130.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:477-478 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2010–2011 Reviewers (August 1, 2010 to August 1, 2011) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 487-488 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01131.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01131.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:487-488 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: annual contents Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 489-491 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01132.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01132.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:489-491 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joris Knoben Author-X-Name-First: Joris Author-X-Name-Last: Knoben Title: The Geographic Distance of Relocation Search: An Extended Resource-Based Perspective Abstract: On the basis of the extended resource-based view of firms, access to external resources can be argued to depend on a firm’s location. In this article, I test the notion that firms take the availability of these external resources at a given location into account in the distance of their relocation search. The results show that firms take the strength of, and distance to their interorganizational relationships, as well as regional characteristics, into account when determining the distance of their relocation search. They provide empirical validation of the importance of external resources in the resource-based view of firms. Moreover, they show how a particular type of dynamics, namely, location dynamics, can be used by firms to gain access to resources that can subsequently lead to competitive advantage. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 371-392 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01123.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01123.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:371-392 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Guthman Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Guthman Title: . By Rachel Schurman and William Munro Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 481-482 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01124.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01124.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:481-482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans-Martin Zademach Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Zademach Title: . Edited by Dirk Fornahl, Sebastian Henn and Max-Peter Menzel Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 483-485 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01125.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01125.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:483-485 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Allan Cochrane Author-X-Name-First: Allan Author-X-Name-Last: Cochrane Title: . Edited by Sako Musterd and Alan Murie Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 479-480 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01126.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01126.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:479-480 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diego Rinallo Author-X-Name-First: Diego Author-X-Name-Last: Rinallo Author-Name: Francesca Golfetto Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Golfetto Title: Exploring the Knowledge Strategies of Temporary Cluster Organizers: A Longitudinal Study of the EU Fabric Industry Trade Shows (1986–2006) Abstract: Trade shows and other temporary clusters have recently emerged as key sites of theoretical relevance for scholars who are interested in the spatial consequences of interactive learning. Recent research has viewed these events as relational spaces in which countless actors interact and learn spontaneously without a central actor governing the process. In the case of permanent clusters, however, studies have started to unpack the practices through which key actors, such as entrepreneurial and professional associations, stimulate learning and interaction. In this article, we hold that these central subjects also have an important role in activating the benefits of colocalization with regard to temporary clusters. In an empirical study of the European Union clothing fabric trade shows between 1986 and 2006, we identified four types of practices through which trade show organizers shape learning and interaction at their events. Contrary to current views, our study found that exchanges of knowledge at these events do not always occur at the global level. Instead, the geographic scale of the processes of exchanging and acquiring knowledge in temporary clusters is socially and politically constructed at several levels—from the merely local to the truly global. We also found that organizers of trade shows facilitate vertical relationships between exhibitors and typical visitors (i.e., buyers), whereas other knowledge flows are neglected or even hindered. We conclude this article by highlighting the theoretical implications of our study for the literature on the spatial consequences of interaction and innovation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-476 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01127.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01127.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:453-476 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Russell King Author-X-Name-First: Russell Author-X-Name-Last: King Author-Name: Adriana Castaldo Author-X-Name-First: Adriana Author-X-Name-Last: Castaldo Author-Name: Julie Vullnetari Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Vullnetari Title: Gendered Relations and Filial Duties Along the Greek-Albanian Remittance Corridor Abstract: Remittances stand at the heart of the migration-development debate. However, they are overwhelmingly considered in financial and economic terms, neglecting important dimensions, such as gender and patriarchal family structures. This article contributes to rectifying this oversight by analyzing flows of remittances resulting from Albanian migration to neighboring Greece. We draw on a detailed questionnaire survey with 350 remittance-recipient households in rural southeast Albania and 45 in-depth interviews with a selection of these respondents and with remitters living in the Greek city of Thessaloniki. We found that gender is interlinked with generation and life-course stages within the context of Albanian patriarchal norms and that remittances are shaped accordingly. Although remitting to older parents is a filial duty for unmarried sons, upon marriage only the youngest son has this responsibility—other sons send small amounts as tokens of respect and love. Sending remittances is overwhelmingly seen as a “male thing.” Single young women rarely migrate on their own for work abroad. Meanwhile any remittances sent by married daughters to their parents are considered “unofficial,” referred to as “coffee money.” Within nuclear households, some increased power-sharing among husband remitters and wife recipients takes place. However, the latter are far from passive recipients, since they struggle to combine caring for children and the elderly with farmwork or day labor. We conclude that a deeper understanding of how remittances are gendered can be gained by placing their analysis within the migratory and sociocultural context into which they are embedded. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 393-419 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01128.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01128.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:393-419 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joshua Drucker Author-X-Name-First: Joshua Author-X-Name-Last: Drucker Title: Regional Industrial Structure Concentration in the United States: Trends and Implications Abstract: In a seminal article, Chinitz (1961) considered the effects of industry size, structure, and economic diversification on the performance of firms and regional economies. His inquiry suggested a related but conceptually distinct issue: how does the extent to which a regional industry or industrial sector is concentrated in a small number of firms affect the local performance of that industry? The question has not been addressed systematically in empirical research other than case studies, principally because accurately measuring regional concentration requires firm-level information. This exploratory study uses confidential plant-level data to gauge concentration in manufacturing industries at the regional scale across the continental United States, to explore changes over time in geographic patterns of concentration, and to investigate associations between regional industrial structure concentration and changes in employment. The implications for understanding the impacts of regional industrial structure on economic development processes are discussed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 421-452 Issue: 4 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01129.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01129.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:4:p:421-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-chung Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Title: Business Networks and Transnational Corporations: A Study of Hong Kong Firms in the ASEAN Region Abstract: In recent years, the question of how business firms are embedded in society and space has received serious attention in economic geography. Arising from empirical research into the transnational operations of Hong Kong–based firms in Southeast Asia, this paper is concerned with the organizational processes of transnationalization—that is, how transnational operations are accomplished through networks of personal and business relationships. A network perspective specifies that three dimensions of transnational organizations—extrafirm, interfirm, and intrafirm networks—must be addressed simultaneously. Based on personal interviews with top executives from 111 headquarters and 63 subsidiaries of Hong Kong transnational corporations operating in the ASEAN region, I argue that social and business networks are necessary mechanisms of transnationalization. Political connections at the highest level enable Hong Kong entrepreneurs and business firms to tap into extrafirm networks and to penetrate local markets in Southeast Asia. Business connections and personal relationships are cornerstones of interfirm transactional governance structures through which Hong Kong firms establish their ASEAN operations. At the intrafirm level, personal trust and experience are keys to coordination and control in transnational operations. By showing how these Hong Kong firms and their ASEAN operations are socially and culturally embedded in networks of relationships, this paper serves also as a critique of economistic arguments and transaction cost analysis commonly found in leading international business research. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00082.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00082.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:1-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Irene Eng Author-X-Name-First: Irene Author-X-Name-Last: Eng Title: Flexible Production in Late Industrialization: The Case of Hong Kong Abstract: This paper examines how flexible production, as a major contributing factor to Hong Kong’s economic takeoff, has been organized and transformed in the territory’s industrialization process. From a three-pronged view of flexibility that encompasses government-firm, intrafirm, and interfirm relations, I explore how Hong Kong manufacturers tackled constraints in their regulatory environment, labor processes, and business transactions. Up to the mid-1970s regulatory laxity, moderate trade-off between flexible (exploitative) labor practices and productivity, and external economies involving limited mutual commitment between interdependent firms converged to form a unique edge of international competitiveness for the manufacturing sector. But changes in the socioeconomic structure subsequently weakened the conditions on which such types of flexibility were based. Manufacturers were driven to search for alternative ways of profit making, especially in the form of plant relocation to China, which represents a path-dependent extension of the rationale of the existing flexible production system to a different social space. Four existing views on Hong Kong’s economic development are examined and critiqued. Implications of major findings for the flexible specialization debate are discussed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 26-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00083.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00083.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:26-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Scott Rozelle Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Rozelle Author-Name: Gregory Veeck Author-X-Name-First: Gregory Author-X-Name-Last: Veeck Author-Name: Jikun Huang Author-X-Name-First: Jikun Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Title: The Impact of Environmental Degradation on Grain Production in China, 1975–1990 Abstract: The sluggish rate of growth for China’s grain production during the past decade is a major concern for agricultural planners. At the national level, the average rate of production fell to 1.8 percent per year from 1985 to 1990, after an average growth rate of 4.7 percent per year from 1978 to 1984. Supplies and application rates of critical farm inputs during 1985 to 1990 reached record levels, but had a disappointing effect on both yields and gross production. We hypothesize that environmental degradation has had a major effect on grain production in many of China’s agricultural areas. In this article, we introduce a nationwide fixed effect grain-yield function which incorporates both traditional input variables and an additional set of variables that reflect trends in environmental degradation at the provincial level. The model is estimated using time-series data for the period from 1978 to 1990. The analysis suggests that environmental degradation may have cost China as much as 5.7 million metric tons of grain per year in the late 1980s. Results also indicate that the projected losses due to environmental stress are not evenly distributed throughout China, but that regions which brought considerable amounts of marginal land into cultivation during the earliest years of the reform period now face the greatest problems. Xinjiang and Gansu in the Northwest, the Loess Plateau provinces, and Yunnan and Guizhou AR in the Southwest reported stagnant production despite significant increases in technical inputs. We conclude that this stagnation should be credited to the increasing degradation of agricultural land in these areas. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 44-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00084.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00084.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:44-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janet E. Kodras Author-X-Name-First: Janet E. Author-X-Name-Last: Kodras Title: The Changing Map of American Poverty in an Era of Economic Restructuring and Political Realignment Abstract: The intent of this study is to demonstrate that an understanding of poverty in geographic and historical perspective can powerfully inform the societal debate over the causes of poverty. I argue that conservative theory, attributing poverty to individual deficiencies, such as indolence and low aspirations, falters when the spatial dynamics of poverty in the United States are considered. The changing map of American poverty does not represent an ebb and flow of lassitude among the nation’s population; rather, it reflects the geographic contours of recent transformations in the American political economy. I begin by investigating the changing map of poverty over the last two decades of economic restructuring and political realignment in the United States. I then present five brief case studies to demonstrate that poverty is geographically produced, as alterations in the market and the state emanating from the global and national levels are differentially translated into the social order of locales to generate distinctive prospects for affluence or impoverishment. Taken together, the five vignettes illustrate geographic diversity not only in the incidence of poverty, but also in the generative processes, modes of resistance or accommodation, and experience of poverty. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 67-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00085.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00085.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:67-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Harris Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: A. Victoria Bloomfield Author-X-Name-First: A. Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Bloomfield Title: The Impact of Industrial Decentralization on the Gendered Journey to Work, 1900–1940 Abstract: Scholars have assumed that in North American cities before World War II only the decentralization of industry drew workers into the suburbs, and even then sometimes with a lag of years. In fact available evidence is meager and contradictory. The impact of industrial decentralization on settlement patterns can be traced by using published annual data in city directories regarding the evolution of labor sheds and employment fields. A case study of Toronto, Ontario, using directories and oral histories, shows that the decentralization of employment was only one influence upon suburban settlement, even among blue-collar workers. Cross-sectional data and case studies of one city and one suburban employer show that it did contribute to a temporary shortening of the journey to work for suburban workers. In part this was because companies tapped a preexisting suburban labor pool. Men were affected more than women, possibly because of the concentration of housing and job opportunities for women in the downtown. This is consistent with, but does not prove, arguments that decentralization enabled companies to exploit suburban male workers and that suburbanization disadvantaged women. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 94-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00086.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00086.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:94-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Debra Straussfogel Author-X-Name-First: Debra Author-X-Name-Last: Straussfogel Title: World-Systems Theory: Toward a Heuristic and Pedagogic Conceptual Tool Abstract: While its proponents generally agree that a world-system exists, with properties and dynamics that in the modern world function at a global scale, there is still a lack of consensus as to what those properties and dynamics are and as to what they mean in terms of an understanding of the past and an approach to the future. In this paper I seek to clarify some of the ambiguities in the definitions of world-system concepts, particularly those surrounding the core-periphery typology of structure. I then suggest a larger frame of reference for world-systems theory derived from theoretical concepts in complex systems theory and augmenting Marxist conceptions of economic structure with the four-capital model from ecological economics. I present a model for the structure of the modern world-system that clarifies and builds on the core-periphery structural definitions, along with an economic model by which “coreness” and “peripheryness” may be operationalized according to four sets of measures. Finally, I introduce a theory of the dynamic processes sustaining and effecting changes in this structure. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 118-130 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00087.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00087.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:118-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ann M. Oberhauser Author-X-Name-First: Ann M. Author-X-Name-Last: Oberhauser Author-Name: Peter Robinson Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Author-Name: Ralph H. Saunders Author-X-Name-First: Ralph H. Author-X-Name-Last: Saunders Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 131-142 Issue: 1 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00088.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00088.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:1:p:131-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Regional Context and Global Trade Abstract: How should we think of the role of regions in relation to the global economy? Theory has surprising gaps when it comes to building a unified vision of these two scales of development. Two contributions to such a vision are proposed in this article. First, the relationship between geographic concentration and the regional economic specialization it underpins and globalization should be theorized as a dynamic process. Standard location and trade theory is not adequate for this task; instead, the dynamic relationship can be captured through growth theory. But capturing this dynamic relationship requires correcting growth theory to separate its local and its global components, which are, respectively, Marshall-Arrow and Romer externalities. Second, the missing element in all theories of geographic concentration and locally specialized development is an element labeled “context” here. A theory of context, in turn, raises important new questions about the dynamic welfare and developmental effects of contemporary processes of fragmenting and relocating production at a global scale. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-21 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01001.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01001.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:1-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gilles Duranton Author-X-Name-First: Gilles Author-X-Name-Last: Duranton Author-Name: Andres Rodríguez-Pose Author-X-Name-First: Andres Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose Author-Name: Richard Sandall Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Sandall Title: Family Types and the Persistence of Regional Disparities in Europe Abstract: This article examines the association between one of the most basic institutional forms, the family, and a series of demographic, educational, social, and economic indicators across regions in Europe. Using Emmanuel Todd’s classification of medieval European family systems, we identify potential links between family types and regional disparities in household size, educational attainment, social capital, labor participation, sectoral structure, wealth, and inequality. The results indicate that medieval family structures seem to have influenced European regional disparities in virtually every indicator that we considered. That these links remain, despite the influence of the modern state and population migration, suggests that such structures are either extremely resilient or in the past were internalized within other social and economic institutions as they developed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01002.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01002.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:23-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wance Tacconelli Author-X-Name-First: Wance Author-X-Name-Last: Tacconelli Author-Name: Neil Wrigley Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley Title: Organizational Challenges and Strategic Responses of Retail TNCs in Post-WTO-Entry China Abstract: In the context of a market characterized by the enduring legacy of socialism through governmental ownership of retail businesses, the continued presence of domestic retailers, and increasing levels of competition, this article examines the organizational challenges faced by, and the strategic responses adopted by, a group of leading food and general merchandise retail transnational corporations (TNCs) in developing networks of stores in the post-WTO-entry Chinese market. On the basis of extensive interview-based fieldwork conducted in China from 2006 to 2008, the article details the attempts of these retail TNCs to embed their operations in Chinese logistics and supply networks, real estate markets, and consumer cultures—three dimensions that are fundamental to the achievement of market competitiveness by the retail TNCs. The article illustrates how this process of territorial embeddedness presents major challenges for the retail TNCs and how their strategic responses vary substantially, indicating different routes to the achievement of organizational legitimacy in China. The article concludes by offering an analysis of the various strategic responses of the retail TNCs and by suggesting some future research propositions on the globalization of the retail industry. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 49-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01003.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01003.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:49-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Morag Torrance Author-X-Name-First: Morag Author-X-Name-Last: Torrance Title: The Rise of a Global Infrastructure Market through Relational Investing Abstract: Infrastructure assets around the world are shifting from public to private ownership. This article investigates how institutional investors are investing beyond their traditional financial and geographic borders and are increasingly serving as owners of infrastructure assets. It shows how infrastructure assets have specific geographies of information embedded in their investment returns and discusses the growing interest of institutional investors in investing in the infrastructure landscape. While infrastructure investments are considered globally, opportunities depend on the availability of specialist information in the region of investment. The article demonstrates that the low-risk, geographically varied returns match the diversification objectives of pension fund portfolios. Relational investing is important in implementing strategies for investing in the infrastructure, since the bidding on and ensuing ownership and management of infrastructure assets around the world require a combination of financial, legal, and technical expertise. The article addresses three distinct economic geography literatures: the geography of finance, pension fund research, and emerging debates on “relational geometries.” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 75-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01004.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01004.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:75-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Webber Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Title: . Edited by Adam Tickell, Eric Sheppard, Jamie Peck and Trevor Barnes Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01005.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01005.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:99-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dominic Power Author-X-Name-First: Dominic Author-X-Name-Last: Power Title: . By Elizabeth Currid Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 101-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01006.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01006.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:101-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James W. Harrington Author-X-Name-First: James W. Author-X-Name-Last: Harrington Title: . By Susan Christopherson and Jennifer Clark Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 103-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001007.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001007.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:103-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yong-Sook Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yong-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: . Edited by Allen Scott and Gioacchino Garofoli Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001008.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001008.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:105-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson Author-X-Name-First: Jerker Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson Title: Regional Knowledge Economies: Markets, Clusters and Innovation. By Philip Cooke, Carla De Laurentis, Franz Tödtling and Michaela Trippl Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01009.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01009.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:107-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Perreault Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Perreault Title: . By Annette Aurélie Desmarais Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001010.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001010.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:109-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bongman Seo Author-X-Name-First: Bongman Author-X-Name-Last: Seo Title: . Edited by Martin Hart-Landsberg, Seongjin Jeong, and Richard Westra Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01011.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01011.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:111-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Bjelland Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Bjelland Title: . Edited by Rob Krueger and David Gibbs Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01012.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.01012.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Oliver Ibert Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Ibert Title: . By Robert Huggins and Hiro Izushi Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001015.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.001015.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:1:p:115-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: AnnaLee Saxenian Author-X-Name-First: AnnaLee Author-X-Name-Last: Saxenian Author-Name: Charles Sabel Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Sabel Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography Venture Capital in the “Periphery”: The New Argonauts, Global Search, and Local Institution Building Abstract: This article examines the growing importance of global, or external, search networks that firms and other actors rely on to locate collaborators who can solve part of a problem they face or require part of a solution they may be able provide. We focus on the creation in emerging economies of venture capital—an institution that is organized to search systematically for, and foster the development of, firms and industries that can, in turn, collaborate in codesign. The article examines the case of Taiwan, where first-generation immigrant professionals from U.S. technology industries have collaborated with their home-country counterparts to develop the context for entrepreneurial development. It refers to the members of these networks as the new Argonauts, an allusion to the ancient Greek Jason and the Argonauts, who searched for the Golden Fleece. We also argue that the most significant contributions of these skilled professionals to their home countries are not direct transfers of technology or knowledge, but participation in external search and domestic institutional reform. The new Argonauts are ideally positioned to search beyond prevailing routines to identify opportunities for complementary “peripheral” participation in the global economy and to work with public officials to adapt and redesign relevant institutions and firms in their native countries. They are, therefore, exemplary protagonists of “self-discovery”—the process by which an enterprise or entrepreneur determines which markets it can serve—and of a microlevel institutional reform that can, diffusing and cascading, ultimately produce wider structural transformations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 379-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00001.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00001.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:379-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Webber Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Title: The Places of Primitive Accumulation in Rural China Abstract: “Rural” is a category of enduring significance in China. The trajectories of social change in China’s rural areas reflect local dynamics and new forms of economy that encroach from local or distant cities and international sources. One indicator of change is the separation of people from their means of production: the development of the preconditions for capitalist production. Using information from villages scattered across China, this article identifies the sources of this separation and poses a theoretical question: can these changes be comprehended in a nondeterministic manner? The article demonstrates that the principal means of separating rural people from their means of production have been market based and largely local (reflecting forces within China), supplemented, however, by forcible dispossession. It also shows that the processes that drive primitive accumulation do not simply reflect an economic logic; they include environmental modernization, ethnic politics, nation building, and personal motives. The extraeconomic bases of economic change imply that primitive accumulation is not a process on a path to a known end point or to a predictable geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 395-421 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00002.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00002.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:395-421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dominic Power Author-X-Name-First: Dominic Author-X-Name-Last: Power Author-Name: Johan Jansson Author-X-Name-First: Johan Author-X-Name-Last: Jansson Title: Cyclical Clusters in Global Circuits: Overlapping Spaces in Furniture Trade Fairs Abstract: This article contributes to an understanding of temporary or event-based economic phenomena in economic and industrial geography by drawing on research conducted on the furniture and interior design industry. It argues that trade fairs should be seen not simply as temporary industry gatherings, but as central, though temporary, spaces for knowledge and market processes that symbolize microcosms of the industry they represent and function as effective marketplaces. It suggests that these temporary events should be viewed not as isolated from one another, but as arranged together in an almost continual global circuit. In this sense, trade fairs are less temporary clusters than they are cyclical clusters; they are complexes of overlapping spaces that are scheduled and arranged in such a way that spaces can be reproduced, reenacted, and renewed over time. Although actual fairs are short-lived events, their presence in the business cycle has lasting consequences for the organization of markets and industries and for the firms of which they are comprised. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 423-448 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00003.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00003.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:423-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson Author-X-Name-First: Jerker Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson Title: Principles and Practices of Knowledge Creation: On the Organization of “Buzz” and “Pipelines” in Life Science Communities Abstract: This article links up with the debate in economic geography on “local buzz” and “global pipelines” as two distinct forms of interactive knowledge creation among firms and related actors and argues for a rethinking of the way social scientists should approach interactive knowledge creation. It highlights the importance of combining the insights from studies of clusters and innovation systems with an activity-oriented approach in which more attention is paid to the specific characteristics of the innovation processes and the conditions underpinning their organization. To illustrate the applicability and added value of such an alternative approach, the notion of embeddedness is linked with some basic ideas adopted from the literature on knowledge communities. The framework is then applied to a study of innovation activities conducted by firms and academic research groups working with biotechnology-related applications in the Swedish part of the Medicon Valley life science region. The findings reveal that local buzz is largely absent in these types of activities. Most interactive knowledge creation, which appears to be spontaneous and unregulated, is, on closer examination, found safely embedded in globally configured professional knowledge communities and attainable only by those who qualify. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 449-469 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00004.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00004.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:449-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William B. Beyers Author-X-Name-First: William B. Author-X-Name-Last: Beyers Title: . By Neil M. Coe, Philip F. Kelly and Henry W.C. Yeung Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 471-472 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00005.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00005.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:471-472 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Hall Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: . By Gordon L. Clark and Dariusz Wójcik Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 477-478 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00006.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00006.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:477-478 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eike W. Schamp Author-X-Name-First: Eike W. Author-X-Name-Last: Schamp Title: . Edited by Koen Frenken Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 479-481 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00008.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00008.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:479-481 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Glassman Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Glassman Title: . By Richard Peet Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 473-474 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00009.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00009.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:473-474 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Berndt Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Berndt Title: . By Harald Bauder Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 475-476 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00011.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00011.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:475-476 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2007–2008 Reviewers (September 2007 through August 2008) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 483-484 Issue: 4 Volume: 84 Year: 2008 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00014.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00014.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:84:y:2008:i:4:p:483-484 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch Author-Name: Roman Martin Author-X-Name-First: Roman Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Author-Name: Martin Srholec Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Srholec Title: Knowledge Base Combinations and Innovation Performance in Swedish Regions Abstract: The literature on geography of innovation suggests that innovation outcomes depend on a diversity of knowledge inputs, which can be captured with the differentiated knowledge base approach. While knowledge bases are distinct theoretical categories, existing studies stress that innovation often involves combinations of analytical, synthetic, and symbolic knowledge. It remains unclear, though, which combinations are most conducive to innovation at the level of the firm and how this is influenced by the knowledge bases available in the region. This article fills this gap by reviewing the conceptual arguments on how and why certain firm and regional knowledge base combinations relate to firm innovativeness and by investigating these relationships econometrically. The knowledge base is captured using detailed occupational data derived from linked employer–employee data sets merged at the firm level with information from Community Innovation Surveys in Sweden. The results indicate that analytical knowledge outweighs the importance of synthetic and symbolic knowledge and that, however, firms benefit most from being located in a region with a balanced mix of all three knowledge bases. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 458-479 Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1154442 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1154442 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:458-479 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arne Isaksen Author-X-Name-First: Arne Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen Author-Name: Michaela Trippl Author-X-Name-First: Michaela Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl Title: Exogenously Led and Policy-Supported New Path Development in Peripheral Regions: Analytical and Synthetic Routes Abstract: The aim of this article is to explore how new industrial paths emerge and grow in peripheral regional economies. Current conceptualizations of regional path development are based on experiences from core regions and fail to provide satisfactory theoretical explanations of new path-creating activities in peripheral areas. Our conceptual approach combines the notions of path development and knowledge bases, enabling us to distinguish between an analytic and a synthetic route of path creation. We argue that due emphasis should be given to exogenous sources of new path development and policy actions in order to understand how analytical and synthetic routes unfold in peripheral regions. These factors are still underappreciated in prevailing models of path creation. The article contains an analysis of the emergence and evolution of new industries in two peripheral regions in Norway and Austria: the electronics and software industry in Arendal–Grimstad in southeastern Norway, and the software industry in Mühlviertel in Upper Austria. The two industries have developed differently: through the synthetic route based on the emergence and restructuring of manufacturing firms in Arendal–Grimstad and through the analytical route building on the establishment of research facilities in Mühlviertel. Our analysis suggests that the inflow of new analytical and synthetic knowledge from exogenous sources and various types of policy interventions have been vital in sparking the formation of new industrial paths in both regions. The findings clearly challenge uniform, narrowly conceptualized models of industrial evolution and support recent work that advocates a broader theoretical framework to capture exogenously led and policy-supported path-creation processes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 436-457 Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1154443 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1154443 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:436-457 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jesper Manniche Author-X-Name-First: Jesper Author-X-Name-Last: Manniche Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson Author-X-Name-First: Jerker Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson Author-Name: Stefania Testa Author-X-Name-First: Stefania Author-X-Name-Last: Testa Title: Combinatorial Knowledge Bases: An Integrative and Dynamic Approach to Innovation Studies Abstract: The aims of this article are (1) to critically review the theoretical arguments and contribution of the knowledge base approach to economic geography and innovation studies, and the value added and limitations of applying it in empirical studies as reported about in the extant literatures; (2) to propose a new interpretation of the knowledge base approach by integrating it into a larger analytical framework for innovation studies that integrates individual, organizational, and contextual aspects, and to discuss the possible advances that come from using it in economic geography studies. The article dismisses the widespread taxonomical application of knowledge base conceptualizations for classification of firms, industries, and economies into fixed categories based on their dominant knowledge base characteristics. Rather it argues that the knowledge base characteristics vary not only between firms and industries but also over time and through innovation trajectories in firms and industries. The new interpretation implies that the knowledge base characteristics are defined not only by individual-level modes and rationales for knowledge creation and application and by their related spatial implications but also by managerial–organizational aspects with regard to coordination and exploitation of such knowledge dynamics. The integration of literatures from different disciplinary strands, now unified under the umbrella of a reinterpreted knowledge base approach, advances the explanatory value of the knowledge base approach in economic geography and innovation studies as well as related disciplines. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 480-499 Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1205948 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1205948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:480-499 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simone Strambach Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Strambach Title: Combining Knowledge Bases in Transnational Sustainability Innovation: Microdynamics and Institutional Change Abstract: In response to complex and pressing environmental and social problems, sustainability innovations that have the potential to contribute to long-term socio-ecological transformations, have become increasingly important. However, these innovations seem to differ distinctively from recognized technological and economic forms of innovation by their formation and scaling processes, actor constellations, and the complexity of knowledge combination. Due to cognitive and institutional diversity in the development of sustainability innovation, combining knowledge bases transnationally is considerably challenging. This article illustrates such a case of knowledge bases combination by a comparative institutional analysis and innovation biographies of German-Chinese innovation projects in the green building sector. To grasp the largely underexplored dynamics of territorial and relational geographies in transnational sustainability innovation, this article places micro-dynamics and their institutional foundation center stage. Conceptually, recent evolutionary institutional geography approaches and knowledge-based theories are linked with the aim of contributing to both the geography of sustainability transitions and the ongoing debate in evolutionary economic geography. Thereby a deeper exploration of path dynamics and a more profound integration of agency and institutional changes is made possible. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 500-526 Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1366268 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1366268 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:500-526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bjørn Asheim Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch Author-Name: Michaela Trippl Author-X-Name-First: Michaela Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl Title: Introduction: Combinatorial Knowledge Bases, Regional Innovation, and Development Dynamics Abstract: The special issue zooms in on knowledge dynamics that drive innovation processes and new path development in different regional and sectoral contexts. This investigation rests on the differentiated knowledge base approach, which offers a clear distinction between analytical, synthetic and symbolic types of knowledge and deep insights into their idiosyncrasies. The introduction frames knowledge bases as theoretically discernible and differentiated forms of knowledge creation that are of particular relevance for innovation processes. The knowledge base approach goes beyond sector and regional approaches to innovation and focuses on micro-level dynamics of knowledge creation and knowledge combination within firms, industries and regions. This special issue offers theoretical advances and empirical insights into the causal linkages between such knowledge dynamics, innovation and new path development. It contributes to economic geography in providing an improved understanding of mechanism behind economic growth and development in various sectors and regions as well as to make better sense of the consistent heterogeneity of performance between firms within the same sectors and regions. All this underpins a broad-based innovation policy approach and an active role of policy makers in stimulating novel combinations of differentiated knowledge bases, which shows its roots in the (regional) innovation systems tradition. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 429-435 Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1380775 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1380775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:429-435 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Book Review Forum on Eric Sheppard’s Limits to Globalization: Disruptive Geographies of Capitalist Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 527-541 Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1380936 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1380936 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:527-541 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Economic Geography Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 5 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1380939 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1380939 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:5:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti Author-X-Name-First: Roberta Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti Author-Name: Lorenzo Zirulia Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo Author-X-Name-Last: Zirulia Title: When Do Global Pipelines Enhance the Diffusion of Knowledge in Clusters? Abstract: Recent studies have stressed the role played by global pipelines in fostering the growth of clusters and innovativeness. In this article, we develop a formal model to investigate when global pipelines contribute to an increase in local knowledge, depending on various characteristics of clusters such as size, knowledge endowment, and the ease of transmission of internal knowledge. This model is an extension of C owan and J onard’s () model in which we introduce the concept of cluster and a role for spatial proximity in the diffusion of knowledge. Our results reveal that there is a natural tendency of actors within global pipelines to act as external stars, rather than gatekeepers of knowledge. Global pipelines are beneficial for the accumulation of knowledge only if the cluster is either characterized by a high-quality local buzz or is small and weakly endowed in terms of knowledge. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 77-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01167.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01167.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:77-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Asier Minondo Author-X-Name-First: Asier Author-X-Name-Last: Minondo Author-Name: Mikel Navarro Author-X-Name-First: Mikel Author-X-Name-Last: Navarro Title: The Emergence of New Industries at the Regional Level in S pain: A Proximity Approach Based on Product Relatedness Abstract: How do regions diversify over time? Inspired by recent studies, we argue that regions diversify into industries that make use of capabilities in which regions are specialized. Since the spread of capabilities occurs through mechanisms that have a strong regional bias, we expect that capabilities that are available at the regional level play a larger role than do capabilities that are available at the country level for the development of new industries. To test this hypothesis, we analyze the emergence of new industries in 50 S panish regions at the NUTS 3 level in the period 1988–2008. We calculate the capability-distance between new export products and existing export products in S panish regions and provide econometric evidence that regions tend to diversify into new industries that use similar capabilities as existing industries in these regions. We show that proximity to the regional industrial structure plays a much larger role in the emergence of new industries in regions than does proximity to the national industrial structure. This finding suggests that capabilities at the regional level enable the development of new industries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 29-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01170.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01170.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:29-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Natasha Iskander Author-X-Name-First: Natasha Author-X-Name-Last: Iskander Author-Name: Christine Riordan Author-X-Name-First: Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Riordan Author-Name: Nichola Lowe Author-X-Name-First: Nichola Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe Title: Learning in Place: Immigrants’ Spatial and Temporal Strategies for Occupational Advancement Abstract: Studies of low-wage workers have long recognized the role of space in mediating access to employment. Significantly less attention has been paid to the ways in which space informs workers’ ability to develop the attributes that would make them more employable. In this article, we address this gap through an examination of how immigrant workers use the relative spatial organization of residence and production to cultivate the skills that enable them to shift out of low-wage occupations. We also argue that workers’ spatial job market strategies have an important, but often overlooked, temporal aspect: workers use space over time not only to shape their access to jobs but also to create breathing room for learning skills that enable them to improve their employment trajectories over the long term. Drawing on a multiyear ethnographic study of M exican immigrants in downtown P hiladelphia, we show that immigrant workers used the functional proximity among the restaurant industry, small-scale residential construction work pertaining to housing renovation, and the neighborhoods where they lived to develop skill sets that enabled them to shift into higher-wage construction jobs. In essence, these workers knitted together two seemingly separate industries, such that they could use their employment time in one for learning in and about the other. Our study suggests that interventions that curtail immigrants’ mobility may have implications that are far more serious than limiting immediate access to jobs: these measures may undercut immigrants’ strategies for developing the skills required for long-term occupational mobility and advancement. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 53-75 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01171.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01171.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:53-75 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dani Rodrik Author-X-Name-First: Dani Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrik Title: Who Needs the Nation-State? A Rejoinder Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 27-28 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01175.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01175.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:27-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Agnew Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Agnew Title: Commentary on Who Needs the Nation-State? Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 21-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01176.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01176.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:21-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dani Rodrik Author-X-Name-First: Dani Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrik Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Who Needs the Nation-State? Abstract: The nation-state has long been under attack from liberal economists and cosmopolitan ethicists alike. But it has proved remarkably resilient and remains the principal locus of governance as well as the primary determinant of personal attachments and identity. The global financial crisis has further underscored its centrality. Against the background of the globalization revolution, the tendency is to view the nation-state as a hindrance to the achievement of desirable economic and social outcomes. Yet it remains indispensable to the achievement of those goals. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-19 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01177.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01177.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:1-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zachary Neal Author-X-Name-First: Zachary Author-X-Name-Last: Neal Title: . Edited by Ben Derudder, Michael Hoyler, Peter J. Taylor and Frank Witlox Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 101-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12000 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12000 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:101-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Shearmur Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Shearmur Title: . Edited by Harald Bathelt, Maryann Feldman and Dieter Kogler Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 97-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12001 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12001 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:97-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne E. Green Author-X-Name-First: Anne E. Author-X-Name-Last: Green Title: . Edited By David Bailey and Caroline Chapain Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 103-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12003 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12003 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:103-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tim Hall Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: . By J. C. Sharman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12004 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:1:p:99-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marshall Feldman Author-X-Name-First: Marshall Author-X-Name-Last: Feldman Title: . By John Rennie Short Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01043.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01043.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:115-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Pendras Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Pendras Title: . By Sean Safford Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 102-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01050.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01050.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:102-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ewald Engelen Author-X-Name-First: Ewald Author-X-Name-Last: Engelen Author-Name: Martijn Konings Author-X-Name-First: Martijn Author-X-Name-Last: Konings Author-Name: Rodrigo Fernandez Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Title: Geographies of Financialization in Disarray: The Dutch Case in Comparative Perspective Abstract: The securitization crisis that started in mid-2007 has demonstrated that we are indeed living in a “global financial village” and are all subject to the vagaries of financialization. Nevertheless, the fallout from the credit crisis has not been homogeneous across space. That some localities were hit harder than others suggests that there are distinct geographies of financialization. Combining insights from the “varieties of capitalism” literature with those from the literature on “financialization studies,” the article offers a first take on what may explain these different geographies on the basis of an informal comparison of the trajectories of financialization and their political repercussions in the United States, Germany, and the Netherlands. The article ends with some reflections on how economic geography could be enriched by combining comparative studies on institutionalism and financialization, while its distinct research focus—detailed spatial analysis endowed with a well-developed sensitivity for geographic variegation—may help overcome the methodological nationalism of much comparative institutionalism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 53-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01054.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01054.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:53-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claude Dupuy Author-X-Name-First: Claude Author-X-Name-Last: Dupuy Author-Name: Stéphanie Lavigne Author-X-Name-First: Stéphanie Author-X-Name-Last: Lavigne Author-Name: Dalila Nicet-Chenaf Author-X-Name-First: Dalila Author-X-Name-Last: Nicet-Chenaf Title: Does Geography Still Matter? Evidence on the Portfolio Turnover of Large Equity Investors and Varieties of Capitalism Abstract: This article investigates the geography of finance through a study of the behavior of large equity investors who are key actors in capitalism. The main argument is based on their expectations in “finance-driven” capitalism: large equity investors require high returns on invested capital in a shorter time and are said to be impatient. The article focuses on their portfolio turnover in relation to geographic factors and their attachment to a specific model of capitalism. The U.S. “market-based” model is presented as a benchmark, since U.S. investors trade securities most frequently relative to other international equity investors. Our empirical findings on the proximity of investors in various models of capitalism with U.S. “impatient” investors contribute to a growing literature on the economic importance of geography in understanding global finance. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 75-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01055.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01055.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:75-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Martin Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Rethinking Regional Path Dependence: Beyond Lock-in to Evolution Abstract: This article argues that in its “canonical” form, the path dependence model, with its core concept of lock-in, affords a restrictive and narrowly applicable account of regional and local industrial evolution, an account moreover that is tied to problematic underpinnings based on equilibrist thinking. As such, the canonical path dependence model actually stresses continuity rather than change. The article explores recent developments in political science, in which there have been active attempts to rethink the application of path dependence to the evolution of institutions so as to emphasize change rather than continuity. These developments are used to argue for a rethinking of path dependence ideas in economic geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01056.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01056.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:1-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andy Pike Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Pike Author-Name: Jane Pollard Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard Title: Economic Geographies of Financialization Abstract: This article argues that financialization—shorthand for the growing influence of capital markets, their intermediaries, and processes in contemporary economic and political life—generates an analytical opportunity and political economic imperative to move finance into the heart of economic geographic analysis. Drawing upon long-standing concerns about the relatively marginal location of finance in economic geography, we emphasize the integral role of finance in connecting the entangled geographies of the economic to the social, the cultural, and the political. In the wake of various “turns” in the discipline, we develop this integrationist approach to finance in ways that retain political economies of states, markets, and social power in our interpretations of geographically uneven development. In this article, we discuss the plural nature of emergent work on financialization and develop three analytical themes to shape our discussion of financialization. Next, we elaborate our analytical approach by warning against functional, political, and spatial disconnections traced in the literature on the geographies of money. We then explore how financialization is broadening and deepening the array of agents, relations, and sites that require consideration in economic geography and is generating tensions between territorial and relational spatialities of geographic differentiation. Finally, we address the relative dearth of empirical work by examining the financialization of brands that have shaped the evolution of the brewing business and the development of new derivative instruments to hedge against weather risks. We conclude by arguing that our analysis of financialization demonstrates how finance occupies an integral position within economic geographies and reveals some of the sociospatial relations, constructions, and reach of existing and new actors, relations, and sites in shaping the uneven development of financialized contemporary capitalism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 29-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01057.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01057.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:29-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul K. Gellert Author-X-Name-First: Paul K. Author-X-Name-Last: Gellert Title: . By Mazen Labban Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01058.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01058.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Sheppard Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Sheppard Title: . By Giovanni Arrighi Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-101 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01059.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01059.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:99-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Wilson Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Title: . By Robert Lewis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01060.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01060.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:109-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Schnell Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Schnell Title: . By Andrew Herod Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01061.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01061.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:107-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kefa M. Otiso Author-X-Name-First: Kefa M. Author-X-Name-Last: Otiso Title: . By Richard Grant Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01062.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01062.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:111-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen Title: . By Edward J. Malecki and Bruno Moriset Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01063.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01063.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:1:p:105-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Title: Critical Rural Geography Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 359-360 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144518 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144518 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:359-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Terry Marsden Author-X-Name-First: Terry Author-X-Name-Last: Marsden Author-Name: Richard Munton Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Munton Author-Name: Neil Ward Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Author-Name: Sarah Whatmore Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Whatmore Title: Agricultural Geography and the Political Economy Approach: A Review Abstract: In this paper, we review recent developments in political economy approaches to agricultural geography. During the last decade, the main areas of debate have shifted from materialist concerns about uneven development, transformation of the family farm, and the role of the state to the related questions of consumption and social nature. We emphasize the common challenges faced by economic geographers addressing the embeddedness of economic relations in social, political, and cultural practices, including the need for theoretical approaches which examine the differential constitution of “structural” processes, their articulation in localities, and the role of actors. To illustrate, we recount recent changes in British farming that demonstrate the continuous repositioning of agriculture within restructured rural spaces and an increasingly integrated, corporate agro-food chain. From these changes new themes emerge. These include those of nature, specifically relations between “natural” and “social” processes, contested meanings of the natural world, and the environmental regulation of agriculture, and the growing need to address aspects of consumption, ranging from food safety to the delivery of amenity, landscape, and ecological “improvements.” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 361-375 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144519 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144519 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:361-375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Page Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Page Title: Across the Great Divide: Agriculture and Industrial Geography Abstract: Research within industrial geography has illuminated the relationship between the restructuring of manufacturing and the reshaping of urban space. Industrial geographers have paid little attention, however, to the dramatic social and economic changes occurring throughout rural America. I contend that evident sectoral and urban biases mask an underlying issue: a persistent conceptual schism between agriculture and industry, in which agriculture is comparatively undertheorized as an arena of capitalist development. As a result, a significant part of the story of economic restructuring—the transformation of farming and the creation of new forms of rural development—remains largely unexamined. This paper sets out to bridge the gap separating industry from agriculture and thereby begins to recover this lost side of industrial restructuring. I argue that the incorporation of agriculture into industrial geography involves much more than a simple mapping of industrial theory onto farm terrain; it requires an exploration of the distinctive process of industrialization surrounding farm production. A careful treatment of agricultural development allows farming to be reclaimed from the conceptual backwater, while also providing an opportunity to scrutinize industrial theory from a forgotten perspective. Drawing on recent political economic research in geography and allied fields, I focus on three themes that emerge from the study of agriculture and discuss the lessons they impart to industrial geography: (1) the importance of sectoral difference to regional development, (2) the multiplicity of industrialization paths, and (3) the importance of locality. Each theme is illustrated using examples drawn from the Midwest. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 376-397 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144520 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144520 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:376-397 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Title: Recasting the “Agrarian Question”: The Reproduction of Family Farming in the Southern High Plains Abstract: The persistence and transformation of family farms in industrialized countries challenges-our understanding of capitalist change. Capital-intensive, irrigated crop production on the Southern High Plains seemingly would lead to the disappearance of petty commodity producers and the vertical integration of farming into capitalist corporations. Yet farms remain for the most part family businesses, independent and reliant on family members for labor. Alternative explanations privilege either the competitive strength of internal family labor relations or natural constraints to industrial appropriation of surplus. In this paper, I use a regional, historical, empirical analysis to investigate interactions between farm families and market economies leading to the reproduction of family farming. By integrating uneven regional development and intergenerational farm reproduction mediating processes are discovered that help explain both the persistence of petty commodity production and its vulnerabilities. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 398-415 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144521 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144521 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:398-415 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Le Heron Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Le Heron Author-Name: Michael Roche Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Roche Title: Globalization, Sustainability, and Apple Orcharding, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand Abstract: The political economy of agriculture literature increasingly focuses research on production-consumption relations of different agro-food systems. This paper examines contextual pressures facing orchardists in the globally oriented apple complex of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. The paper details the emerging political economy of orcharding in the crisis conditions of the 1990s under the joint influences of globalization forces, interest in sustainability principles, and disruptive natural hazard events. New regulatory politics embracing apples is implicated in attempts to reinsert the regional apple complex into the global fresh fruit industry. Developments in Hawke's Bay are shown to be embedded in wider processes (including those of regulation) stretching across nations and are affected by the conflicting spatialities or operational geographies of agents. Accommodating the risks of the apple sector appears to be closely tied to supportive networking in which investors are gradually refashioning the apple sector into a buyer-or consumer-driven production complex. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 416-432 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144522 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144522 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:416-432 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Cloke Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Cloke Title: Rural Life-Styles: Material Opportunity, Cultural Experience, and How Theory Can Undermine Policy Abstract: Rural geographies are often discounted as marginal to mainstream interests. In part this is because the rural is conflated with agricultural, and thereby is of significant but only minority interest; in part it is because rural geographers tend to be theory importers rather than theory exporters. This marginality is now changing, as rural life becomes variously the object of desire for increasing numbers of people in the Western world, and as critical rural geographies make use of political-economic and sociocultural theories to address issues of nature-society relations and discursive transformations of central concern to human geography as a whole. This paper uses the experience of undertaking a major research project on rural life-styles in England to address a number of such issues. I discuss how the notion of “problems” in rural life have been theorized and researched to date, focusing on the metaphor of “deprivation” as a key but unchallenging bridge between academic and policy discourses about the rural. Using research findings from a major survey of rural life-styles, I argue that both normative accounts of how opportunities are structured in rural areas and qualitative accounts of how rural life is experienced are crucial in a critical interpretation of changing rural life-styles. I suggest important methodological and interpretative implications of using this twin approach. Finally, I record the relations between researchers and the policymaking agencies that sponsored the research, noting how sociocultural emphases on difference are discordant with the simpler unitary narratives of problems preferred by such agencies, and how findings of different rural experiences are vulnerable to a response based on the politics of individual responsibility. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 433-449 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144523 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144523 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:433-449 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Miller Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Title: Peasantry to Capitalism: Western Östergötland in the Nineteenth Century Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 450-453 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144524 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144524 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:450-453 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert A. Beauregard Author-X-Name-First: Robert A. Author-X-Name-Last: Beauregard Title: Local Economic Development: Analysis and Practice Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-456 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144525 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144525 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:453-456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Proctor Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Proctor Title: Contesting Earth's Future: Radical Ecology and Postmodernity Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 456-458 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144526 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144526 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:456-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert J. Bennett Author-X-Name-First: Robert J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett Title: The Challenge of European Integration: Internal and External Problems of Trade and Money Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 458-460 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144527 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144527 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:458-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Georgina Calderón Author-X-Name-First: Georgina Author-X-Name-Last: Calderón Author-Name: Jesús M. Macías Author-X-Name-First: Jesús M. Author-X-Name-Last: Macías Author-Name: Carolina Serrat Author-X-Name-First: Carolina Author-X-Name-Last: Serrat Author-Name: Claudia Villegas Author-X-Name-First: Claudia Author-X-Name-Last: Villegas Title: At Risk. Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability and Disasters Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 460-463 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:460-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kent Mathewson Author-X-Name-First: Kent Author-X-Name-Last: Mathewson Title: The Colonizer's Model of the World. Geographical Diffusionism and Eurocentric History Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 463-467 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144529 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144529 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:463-467 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard E. McCluskey Author-X-Name-First: Richard E. Author-X-Name-Last: McCluskey Title: The New European Automobile Industry Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 467-469 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144530 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144530 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:467-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maureen Hays-Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Maureen Author-X-Name-Last: Hays-Mitchell Title: Contrapunto: The Informal Sector Debate in Latin America Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 470-473 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144531 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144531 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:470-473 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joni Seager Author-X-Name-First: Joni Author-X-Name-Last: Seager Title: Social Theory and the Global Environment Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 473-476 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144532 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144532 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:473-476 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bruce Bratley Author-X-Name-First: Bruce Author-X-Name-Last: Bratley Author-Name: Rob Krueger Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Krueger Title: Feminism and the Mastery of Nature Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 476-478 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.2307/144533 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/144533 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:476-478 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 1996 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 479-479 Issue: 4 Volume: 72 Year: 1996 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.1996.11742648 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.1996.11742648 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:72:y:1996:i:4:p:479-479 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Wood Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Title: The Scalar Transformation of the U.S. Commercial Property-Development Industry: A Cautionary Note on the Limits of Globalization Abstract: Economic geographers have commonly interpreted globalization in terms of a scalar transformation of economic activities in which the dominant form of economic organization progressively shifts from local to more global scales. This article critically examines this thesis in the context of a study of the U.S. commercial property-development industry. The first section argues that the literature on commercial property development tends to highlight globalizing sectors and activities. This focus generates a partial understanding of the industry that has important ramifications, not the least for examining the relationship between local economic and political elites in U.S. cities. A more cultural reading of economic actors and practices allows for an alternative approach that emphasizes the cultural embeddedness of economic and political practices and the local networks through which knowledge and influence are mobilized. The second section introduces the study area—Columbus, Ohio—and the research methods, and the third section presents the empirical results. These results fail to demonstrate any simple and linear process of scalar transformation. Indeed, a brief comparison with other cities points to the continuing dominance of a localized and fragmented organizational form. The fourth section draws on interviews with property developers to interpret this local structure of social relations. Three conclusions are drawn regarding the extent and nature of scalar transformation in the property-development industry. The most significant is the need for a more circumspect account of globalization and scalar transformation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00304.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00304.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:2:p:119-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Virginia Parks Author-X-Name-First: Virginia Author-X-Name-Last: Parks Title: Access to Work: The Effects of Spatial and Social Accessibility on Unemployment for Native-Born Black and Immigrant Women in Los Angeles Abstract: This study contributes to the debates on both spatial mismatch and “social-network” mismatch by considering the independent effects of spatial and social accessibility on the unemployment of less-educated native-born black and immigrant women. These groups experience relatively high unemployment yet differ in their residential patterns and the hypothesized capacities of their social networks. Using detailed geographic census data matched to travel data, I calculated an accessibility index to measure spatial job accessibility and used information on neighborhood characteristics and household composition to assess social accessibility. The results indicate that better spatial accessibility to jobs is associated with lower unemployment among native-born black and foreign-born Mexican and Vietnamese women; no association was detected among the remaining immigrant groups. The analysis yielded no empirical support for the advantages that residence in an enclave may provide female immigrant residents in the form of access to employment through social networks. In fact, the results point to detrimental effects of residence in an ethnic enclave for foreign-born Mexican and Vietnamese women. Finally, among all groups, living with other employed adults significantly and substantively decreased a woman’s likelihood of unemployment, indicating the importance of household-based social accessibility for less-educated native-born black and immigrant women’s employment outcomes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 141-172 Issue: 2 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00305.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00305.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:2:p:141-172 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bill Pritchard Author-X-Name-First: Bill Author-X-Name-Last: Pritchard Author-Name: Rebecca Curtis Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis Title: The Political Construction of Agro-Food Liberalization in East Asia: Lessons from the Restructuring of Japanese Dairy Provisioning Abstract: This article asserts the significance of national-scale processes in the global restructuring of agro-food systems, especially in East Asia. Using an analysis of the recent restructuring in Japanese dairy provisioning, it documents how this trade remains orchestrated by government-commercial institutions that are organized and regulated to serve domestic agrarian interests. In the context of international disagreement on the future of the liberalization of agricultural trade, the implications of this study are that models of contemporary Asia Pacific agro-food restructuring should emphasize the ongoing importance of national institutions within the organization of trade, rather than assume prematurely the reality of a neoliberal marketplace. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 173-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00306.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00306.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:2:p:173-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. A. Phelps Author-X-Name-First: N. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps Author-Name: P. Waley Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Waley Title: Capital Versus the Districts: A Tale of One Multinational Company’s Attempt to Disembed Itself Abstract: The process of international economic integration in which multinational enterprises (MNEs) play a significant orchestrating role is a contradictory one of a space of flows, on the one hand, and a space of places, on the other hand. It is this contradiction that produces a variegated landscape of relations within and among MNEs and a whole range of territorially rooted organizations and institutions. As a result, interest in global production networks, as part of a broader relational turn in economic geography, has sought to highlight and uncover these webs of relations within which MNEs are embedded. In reviewing this literature, we emphasize the economic imperatives underlying such relations or, rather, their political-economic nature and the discontinuities in industrial restructuring they can produce. We then present an empirical illustration of these points and some of the key concerns within the literature on global production networks. We consider a recent round of restructuring by Black & Decker Corporation, focusing on the politico-economic ramifications of closing one of two European factories. Our reading of the literature, coupled with our empirical findings, suggests the continuing tendency for international integration as a space of flows to eclipse the coherence of places. Localized points of resistance can moderate the powers exercised by MNEs internally and across a network of organizations, although there are limits to the transferability of such tactics of resistance. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 191-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00307.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00307.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:2:p:191-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: May Yuan Author-X-Name-First: May Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan Title: by Donna J. Peuquet Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 217-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00308.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00308.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:2:p:217-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Glassman Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Glassman Title: by Henry Wai-chung Yeung Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 219-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00309.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00309.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:2:p:219-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erica Pani Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Pani Author-Name: Nancy Holman Author-X-Name-First: Nancy Author-X-Name-Last: Holman Title: A Fetish and Fiction of Finance: Unraveling the Subprime Crisis Abstract: As the moderately strengthened financial regulation of Basel III comes into effect over the next seven years, this article sets out a cautionary reminder as to why regulation needs to move beyond a focus on the mitigation and distribution of risk. To do so, the article unravels the much-misunderstood experiences of eight Norwegian municipalities whose investments plummeted as the subprime crisis unfolded: investments that had no immediate ties to subprime mortgage lending or mortgage-backed securities. Focusing on the processes, practices, and instruments of financialization, the article puts forward two new analytical concepts—“the fetishization of the knowledge of risk” and “fictitious distance”—to help explain how the crisis spread so quickly and extensively that it threatened not only the municipalities’ investments but also the functioning of global finance as a whole. In so doing, it becomes clear that financialization has set a far more risky form of capitalism that is manifest through concrete economic geographies, from towns and cities in the United States to “distant” Norwegian municipalities. In the highly interconnected entanglement of geographies and finance that make up the global financial system, the fetishes and fictions of finance cannot be ignored. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 213-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12027 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12027 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:213-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher S. Fowler Author-X-Name-First: Christopher S. Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler Author-Name: Rachel Garshick Kleit Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Garshick Author-X-Name-Last: Kleit Title: The Effects of Industrial Clusters on the Poverty Rate Abstract: Industrial clusters are widely understood as a worthwhile target of local economic development resources. Nevertheless, most of the work on cluster development has asserted benefits that accrue to a regional economy as a whole, with little or no focus on specific links between clusters and poverty alleviation. This article seeks to understand the degree to which economic clusters are associated with lower poverty rates. Specifically, using spatial regression analysis techniques, we examine patterns that link clusters to poverty rates while controlling for the presence of other factors that shape the distribution of poverty in the United States. When controlling for other economic and demographic factors in a multivariate framework, the presence of industrial clusters is associated with lower poverty rates. Moreover, regions with a higher share of employment in clusters, and with that employment dispersed across many industries within the same cluster, fare even better than those where employment is concentrated in a single industry. Furthermore, while there is evidence that particular clusters are associated with significantly altered poverty rates, not all of these associations are beneficial. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 129-154 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12038 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12038 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:129-154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sergio Mariotti Author-X-Name-First: Sergio Author-X-Name-Last: Mariotti Author-Name: Lucia Piscitello Author-X-Name-First: Lucia Author-X-Name-Last: Piscitello Author-Name: Stefano Elia Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Elia Title: Local Externalities and Ownership Choices in Foreign Acquisitions by Multinational Enterprises Abstract: This article assesses the influence of spatial heterogeneity on the entry mode by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in foreign markets. Focusing on acquisitions, we claim that the location of the target firm influences the MNE’s ownership choice. MNEs normally execute partial acquisitions to reduce their liability of foreignness and to preserve their target’s inherent competencies, particularly in highly innovative and internationally competitive sectors. However, this phenomenon occurs less frequently if target firms are located in areas that are characterized by relevant externalities, such as core cities and industrial districts. In particular, core cities allow foreign MNEs to access a variety of information and knowledge as well as other externalities that are associated with international interconnectedness; industrial districts provide MNEs with easier access to industry-specific agglomeration economies (a local pool of skilled labor, local input-output linkages, and local knowledge spillovers). These locations provide substitutes for different aspects of the target firm’s competences, thus reducing an MNE’s need to maintain a local partner. Empirical evidence from foreign acquisitions of local manufacturing firms that occurred in Italy during the 2001–10 period confirms these expectations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 187-211 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12039 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12039 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:187-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leigh Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Leigh Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Title: Geographies of Securitized Catastrophe Risk and the Implications of Climate Change Abstract: This article analyzes the drivers and implications of catastrophe bonds’ growing popularity as an alternative asset class. As investor demand for bonds outpaces their supply from reinsurers, the study asks how the place-based physical vulnerabilities of fixed capital have been rendered into assets deemed increasingly desirable by growing blocks of financial capital. Combining data from extended interviews with industry datasets and market reports, the study demonstrates how this securitization pathway allows mobile capital on a search for yield to reframe spatial liabilities as tradable assets, thus accessing new “returns on place.” By aggregating and analyzing data on approximately $37 billion in catastrophe bond transactions since 1997, the study reveals both the ongoing concentration of capital in so-called “peak perils” such as U.S. hurricane and earthquake risks, and the fragmentation and recombination of peak perils to create new risk/return profiles. These purposive, scalable, and selective financial engagements with catastrophic risks depend upon the avoidance of the fixed costs and relational entanglements borne by (re)insurers. This ambivalent relationship with geographical liabilities is reaching its logical apogee in recent proposals to expand the catastrophe bond market to capitalize on growing climate change risks. This movement to “underwrite to securitize” intentionally emulates the “originate to securitize” model pioneered in mortgage-backed securities. This study argues that such developments could ultimately yield a built environment that is both more dependent on the state as an insurer of last resort and less adapted to climate extremes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 155-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12048 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12048 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:155-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rory Horner Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Horner Title: . Edited by Adil Najam and Rachel Thrasher Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 241-242 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12050 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12050 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:241-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aharon Kellerman Author-X-Name-First: Aharon Author-X-Name-Last: Kellerman Title: . By Dorothea Kleine Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 245-246 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12051 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12051 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:245-246 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert C. Kloosterman Author-X-Name-First: Robert C. Author-X-Name-Last: Kloosterman Title: . By Allen J. Scott Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-239 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12052 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12052 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:237-239 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michiel van Meeteren Author-X-Name-First: Michiel Author-X-Name-Last: van Meeteren Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Title: . By Zachary P. Neal Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 243-244 Issue: 2 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12053 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12053 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:2:p:243-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-chung Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Author-Name: George C. S. Lin Author-X-Name-First: George C. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Title: Theorizing Economic Geographies of Asia Abstract: Economic geographies of Asia are highly fascinating, not the least because Asia has increasingly emerged as a significant economic player in all spheres of global competition: production, consumption, and circulation. This dynamic mosaic of economic landscapes in Asia was further complicated during the 1997–1998 economic crisis and thereafter. While some aspects of these economic geographies of Asia have already received research attention, many complex economic geographic processes in Asia have been undertheorized in the literature. This agenda-setting article makes two critical observations. First, the theorization of dynamic economic changes in Asia needs to be more critical of economic geography theories developed elsewhere in the Anglo-American context. The Asian case may significantly challenge existing theories in economic geography. Second, certain geographic processes in Asia require fundamentally new approaches to theorization that may contribute to the development of broader theories in economic geography. The economic dynamism of Asia has provided a useful site for the development of theory and empirical understanding in contemporary economic geography. To support our arguments and observations, we discuss the situatedness and specificity of influential theories of economic geography and offer some constructive suggestions for an intellectual agenda for developing new theories in economic geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-128 Issue: 2 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00204.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00204.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:2:p:107-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yu Zhou Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Author-Name: Tong Xin Author-X-Name-First: Tong Author-X-Name-Last: Xin Title: An Innovative Region in China: Interaction Between Multinational Corporations and Local Firms in a High-Tech Cluster in Beijing Abstract: The literature on innovative regions has stressed the role of spatial clustering in the endogenous formation, accumulation, and sharing of knowledge in technology hubs in advanced countries. Little has been written, however, on how spatial clusters may also affect technological dynamics in developing countries where external actors, such as multinational corporations (MNCs), are the main source of new technology. Drawing on studies of innovative regions and technology transfers, we analyzed the interactive patterns between MNCs and local technology actors in China’s leading information communication technology (ICT) service cluster in Zhongguancun, Beijing. We found that the relationship between MNCs and local firms is hierarchical, but also interdependent and evolutionary. Local firms’ collaboration with MNCs provides them with vital technological and organizational training, which the local firms use strategically to develop their market networks and innovative capacity in the home market. The learning capacity of local firms is vastly improved by the presence of other related enterprises, the research and development facilities, and a developmental state in a market-oriented spatial cluster. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 129-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00205.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00205.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:2:p:129-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Smart Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Smart Author-Name: James Lee Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Financialization and the Role of Real Estate in Hong Kong’s Regime of Accumulation Abstract: The greater dominance of finance in the global economic system is widely considered to have increased instability and created difficulties in constructing modes of regulation that could stabilize post-Fordist regimes of accumulation. Heightened competition and the discipline of global finance restrict the use of Fordist strategies that expand social wages to balance production and consumption. Robert Boyer suggested a model for a possible stable finance-led growth regime. His hypothesis is that once there are sufficient stocks of property in a nation, expenditures that are based on capital gains, dividends, interest, and pensions can compensate for diminished wage-based demand. We contend that the neglect of real estate is a serious limitation, since housing wealth is more significant than other forms of equity for most citizens, and thus that it fails to capture the impact of the perceptions and choices of ordinary citizens. We then argue that features of a finance-led regime of accumulation and a property-based mode of regulation appeared in Hong Kong relatively early. A case study of Hong Kong is used to extend Boyer’s discussion, as well as to diagnose Hong Kong’s experience for its lessons on the impact of such developments. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 153-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00206.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00206.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:2:p:153-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bae-Gyoon Park Author-X-Name-First: Bae-Gyoon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Politics of Scale and the Globalization of the South Korean Automobile Industry Abstract: This article explains the liberalization and globalization of the South Korean automobile industry, with an emphasis on the multiscalar processes of globalization. In particular, it explores the processes by which the South Korean government shifted its policy for the automobile industry, from a nationalist and protectionist orientation toward liberalization in the late 1990s, which, in turn, attracted inward investments from foreign automakers and facilitated the globalization of the nation’s automobile market. While exploring the roles of diverse actors and forces—operating at various geographic scales—in these processes, I placed more analytical weight on examining the ways in which contestation between national and local forces contributed to the government’s liberalization policy. I argue that the globalization of the South Korean automobile industry in recent years was not only an outcome of the globalizing strategies of foreign automakers, but also was facilitated by an institutional fix by the nation-state (particularly the liberalization of policy) to a regulatory deficit, which stemmed from the national-local tension with respect to a state-led economic restructuring project. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 173-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00207.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00207.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:2:p:173-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jessie P. H. Poon Author-X-Name-First: Jessie P. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Poon Author-Name: Edmund R. Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Edmund R. Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Title: Developmental and Quiescent Subsidiaries in the Asia Pacific: Evidence from Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai, and Sydney Abstract: Examining “embedded” economic and social relations has become a popular theme among economic geographers who are interested in explaining the durability of place in supporting economic activities. This article explores the relationship between embeddedness and technology-oriented functions among three types of subsidiaries (regional headquarters, regional offices, and local offices) and for four cities: Hong Kong, Shanghai, Singapore, and Sydney. Using survey data from firms, we show that quiescent or branch plant-like subsidiaries, rather than developmental firms, dominate the region. But among developmental subsidiaries, returns on embeddedness are not always obvious. Embeddedness and developmental subsidiaries are most significantly correlated with manufacturing regional headquarters. However, a small group of subsidiaries (local and regional offices) also perform developmental functions, despite their relative newness and lack of embed-dedness in the region. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 195-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00208.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00208.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:2:p:195-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Le Heron Author-X-Name-First: Richard Le Author-X-Name-Last: Heron Author-Name: Christina Stringer Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Stringer Author-Name: S.L. Brian Ceh Author-X-Name-First: S.L. Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Ceh Author-Name: Brian J.L. Berry Author-X-Name-First: Brian J.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 215-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00209.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00209.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:2:p:215-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William G. Moseley Author-X-Name-First: William G. Author-X-Name-Last: Moseley Title: . By Órla Ryan Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-342 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01151.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01151.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:341-342 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew van Hulten Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: van Hulten Title: Remapping the Fiscal State After the Global Financial Crisis Abstract: The global financial crisis (GFC) refocuses attention on the capacity of states to regulate global finance. In this article, I argue that states are augmenting their regulatory capacity by promoting the interpenetration of national economic surveillance systems. I develop this argument by exploring the recent efforts of powerful states to address a particular form of offshore regulatory escape: tax evasion. Previous analyses of offshore processes have been framed by strong assumptions about the geographic domains of states and markets. I present a new analytic framework that weakens these geographic assumptions and explains why some states are more able than others to address offshore tax evasion through unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral channels. The framework is applied to explain the mechanisms through which powerful states have reclaimed evaded taxes and forced global transparency standards on tax havens after the GFC. I conclude that the regulatory changes brought about by recent attacks on tax havens constitute an important remapping of the fiscal state. These attacks provide an interesting case study of the ways in which states are augmenting their capacity to regulate a range of cross-border financial flows. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-253 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01152.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01152.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:231-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lorenzo Cassi Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo Author-X-Name-Last: Cassi Author-Name: Andrea Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Author-Name: Anne L.J. Ter Wal Author-X-Name-First: Anne L.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Ter Wal Title: The Evolution of Trade and Scientific Collaboration Networks in the Global Wine Sector: A Longitudinal Study Using Network Analysis Abstract: Throughout the past three decades, the global pattern of wine production has undergone fundamental changes, most notably the emergence of New World producers. This article presents a detailed account of the sector’s changing global organization from 1974 to 2004 by applying network analysis methods to the evolution of international trade and scientific collaboration networks. We argue that there is a strong mutual interdependence of trade and scientific knowledge production, as a result of which we expect the geographic configuration of global knowledge and trade networks to coevolve. Our results show that, over time, only a few New World wine producers developed trade and scientific collaboration networks that resemble those of traditional Old World producers. They also show that structures of trade and scientific collaboration networks are more alike for Old World than for New World producers, which suggests that, contrary to our expectations, it is particularly Old World producers who may have mainly benefited from participation in international scientific collaboration. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 311-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01154.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01154.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:311-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Petr Pavlínek Author-X-Name-First: Petr Author-X-Name-Last: Pavlínek Title: The Internationalization of Corporate R&D and the Automotive Industry R&D of East-Central Europe Abstract: This article examines the development of corporate research and development (R&D) in the automotive industry of East-Central Europe (ECE) in the context of the internationalization of corporate R&D generally and the automotive industry R&D specifically. Driven by large inflows of foreign direct investment since the early 1990s, vehicle assembly and the production of automotive components grew significantly in ECE. In my study I investigated the extent to which these increases in production have also led to the development of automotive R&D as an example of a higher value-added function of the automotive value chain. I conducted a more detailed analysis of Czech automotive R&D because of its prominent position in ECE. Despite modest growth, my analysis uncovered inherent weaknesses of automotive R&D in ECE and strong barriers to its future development related to its peripheral position in the European and global automotive production networks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 279-310 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01155.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01155.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:279-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giulio Cainelli Author-X-Name-First: Giulio Author-X-Name-Last: Cainelli Author-Name: Donato Iacobucci Author-X-Name-First: Donato Author-X-Name-Last: Iacobucci Title: Agglomeration, Related Variety, and Vertical Integration Abstract: Several recent studies have investigated the relationship between the geographic concentration of production and vertical integration, based on the hypothesis that the spatial agglomeration of firms in the same industry facilitates input procurement, thereby reducing the degree of vertical integration. This article contributes to this debate in two ways: first, we focus on interindustry vertical integration, and second, we consider the effects on vertical integration of unrelated and vertically related variety at the local level. The latter was measured using information from input-output tables and captured the opportunities for outsourcing within the local system. A data set of 24,663 Italian business groups in 2001 was used to estimate Tobit models to investigate the influence of vertically related variety and other agglomeration forces on the degree of vertical integration of groups. We found that vertical integration is influenced by industry specialization at the local level and that higher vertically related variety reduces the need for firms to integrate activities, since they have more opportunities to acquire intermediate goods and services within the local system. We analyze the manufacturing and different macroareas and show that this relationship is also influenced by technology and differences in the organization of economic activities at the local level. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 255-277 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01156.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01156.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:255-277 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roberta Comunian Author-X-Name-First: Roberta Author-X-Name-Last: Comunian Title: . Edited by Neil M. Coe and Andrew Jones Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 339-340 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01157.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01157.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:339-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Hess Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Hess Title: . Edited by Andrew Leyshon, Roger Lee, Linda McDowell and Peter Sunley Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 335-336 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01158.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01158.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:335-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jun Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: . By Peter Dicken Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 337-338 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01159.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01159.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:337-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rowan Ellis Author-X-Name-First: Rowan Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis Title: . Edited by Waquar Ahmed, Amitabh Kundu and Richard Peet Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 343-344 Issue: 3 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01160.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01160.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:3:p:343-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Murdoch Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Murdoch Author-Name: Terry Marsden Author-X-Name-First: Terry Author-X-Name-Last: Marsden Author-Name: Jo Banks Author-X-Name-First: Jo Author-X-Name-Last: Banks Title: Quality, Nature, and Embeddedness: Some Theoretical Considerations in the Context of the Food Sector Abstract: In this paper we analyze a turn to “quality” in both food production and consumption. We argue that quality in the food sector, as it is being asserted at the present time, is closely linked to nature and the local embeddedness of supply chains. We thus outline the broad contours of this shift and discuss the most appropriate theoretical approaches. We consider political economy, actor-network theory, and conventions theory and argue that, whereas political economy has proved useful in the analysis of globalization, it may prove less so in the examination of quality. We concentrate, therefore, upon actor-network theory and conventions theory and show that the former allows nature to be brought to the center of analytical attention but provides few tools for the analysis of quality, especially in the context of the food sector. Conventions theory, on the other hand, links together a range of aspects found in food supply chains and allows us to consider the establishment of quality as a system of negotiation between specific qualities. We illustrate possible uses of the approach through a brief consideration of food supply chains in Wales. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-125 Issue: 2 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00136.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00136.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:2:p:107-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Robbins Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins Title: The Practical Politics of Knowing: State Environmental Knowledge and Local Political Economy Abstract: Study of local environmental knowledge has led to a general critique of state epistemology, positing a controlling, official knowledge that crushes competing accounts of nature. Skeptical of that claim, in this paper I assess the differences between state and local knowledge empirically, using a case study of the Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary in Rajasthan, India, to explore the way knowledge varies across class, caste, gender, and affiliation within the state forest bureaucracy. The results show that state versus local knowing is not the most meaningful division in epistemology, and that it is the daily struggle over resources in local political economy that gives rise to contending accounts of nature and environmental change. The conclusions further point to knowledge alliances between state and local actors that render certain claims powerful and so determine natural resource management policy and direct landscape change. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 126-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00137.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00137.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:2:p:126-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vinay Gidwani Author-X-Name-First: Vinay Author-X-Name-Last: Gidwani Title: The Quest for Distinction: A Reappraisal of the Rural Labor Process in Kheda District (Gujarat), India Abstract: In this article I examine how the rural labor process is constitutive of social identity, particularly status, by harnessing empirical evidence from Kheda District, Gujarat, and other parts of India. Emphasis is on the labor practices of the dominant Lewa Patel caste, and only secondarily on the practices of other caste groups. My central claim is that the labor process is a primary arena in which the quest for social distinction occurs and that the primary source of distinction is the ability to withdraw family labor power from the commoditized labor circuit. In this paper I seek to deepen conventional understandings of the labor process within economic geography, agrarian studies, and mainstream economics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 145-168 Issue: 2 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00138.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00138.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:2:p:145-168 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mick Dunford Author-X-Name-First: Mick Author-X-Name-Last: Dunford Author-Name: Adrian Smith Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Catching Up or Falling Behind? Economic Performance and Regional Trajectories in the “New Europe” Abstract: This paper examines the trajectories of economic development of European national and regional economies in light of the pressures for greater integration and enlargement of the European Union. Using a variety of data sets, we demonstrate that there are significant variations in the speed and direction of change in per capita income and in productivity and employment rates across countries and a sample of European regions, and that falling behind (divergence) occurs as well as catching up (convergence). Making sense of spatial development therefore requires, we argue, that attention be paid to processes of differentiation and, in particular, to the falling behind experienced by less developed areas in East Central Europe and the forging ahead of the most developed, as well as to processes of catch-up. The paper also contributes to an assessment of the appropriateness of interpretations of growth and spatial development through countering the dominant discourse of convergence in neoclassical and neoliberal formulations and by suggesting that integration brings with it a number of important territorial “costs” associated with increasing inequality. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 169-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00139.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00139.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:2:p:169-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Author-Name: Joseph L. Scarpaci Author-X-Name-First: Joseph L. Author-X-Name-Last: Scarpaci Author-Name: Erlet Cater Author-X-Name-First: Erlet Author-X-Name-Last: Cater Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 196-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00140.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00140.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:2:p:196-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ronald Sean Wall Author-X-Name-First: Ronald Sean Author-X-Name-Last: Wall Author-Name: G. A. van der Knaap Author-X-Name-First: G. A. Author-X-Name-Last: van der Knaap Title: Sectoral Differentiation and Network Structure Within Contemporary Worldwide Corporate Networks Abstract: This article contributes to the converging literatures on global production networks and new regionalism, which show that these two entities and their respective geographic scales are complexly interdependent. It explores two key conceptual differences between the leading world city network studies of Alderson and Beckfield and the work of the Global and World City (GaWC) Research Network. The first is the sectoral differentiation of the data, in which the former focuses on multinational corporations in all industrial sectors and the latter specifically targets only advanced producer services. The second involves methodological differences that lead to dissimilar network structures. Alderson and Beckfield made only a basic hierarchical differentiation of the firms, while the GaWC study used a more elaborate classification method. Combining these approaches, we explore firms’ global and regional interdependencies (their centrality within their network and its structure). Using a single data set of the top 100 global multinationals (2005) and their ownership linkages with thousands of subsidiaries in 2,259 unique cities worldwide. The findings not only reveal the nodal centralities and linkage structures within the “all industrial sector” network and the “producer service sector” network but also show a strong correlation between these two networks, specifically toward the apex of the economic systems, and evidence of the coexistence of hierarchical and heterarchical city network structures. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 267-308 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01122.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01122.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:267-308 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matti Siemiatycki Author-X-Name-First: Matti Author-X-Name-Last: Siemiatycki Title: Public-Private Partnership Networks: Exploring Business-Government Relationships in United Kingdom Transportation Projects Abstract: Since the early 1990s, U.K. governmental policy has formally encouraged the delivery of infrastructure through private finance initiatives, a model of public-private partnership in which the design, construction, financing, operation, and maintenance of facilities are bundled into a long-term contract with a single consortium of firms. Drawing on an analysis of governmental records of the firms that participated in every U.K. project between 1987 and 2009, this article traces the extent to which stable partnerships are used to produce private finance transportation initiatives. The findings highlight an important tension between the benefits and drawbacks of repeat collaborations on one-off projects. On the one hand, the extensive use of repeat-partnership relationships lowers transaction costs, encourages innovation, and supports learning from past experiences. On the other hand, deep embeddedness within social networks that encourages frequent repeat collaborations can reduce competition within the industry and contribute to higher delivery costs and lower-quality public services. Through this analysis, the article addresses the key economic geography literatures that are related to project ecologies, embeddedness, and repeat collaborations within networked production processes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 309-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01115.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01115.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:309-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Title: . Edited by Lars Magnusson and Jan Ottosson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 363-364 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01116.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01116.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:363-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: . Edited by Samer Bagaeen and Ola Uduku Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 365-366 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01117.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01117.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:365-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lawrence W. C. Lai Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence W. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Title: . By You-tien Hsing Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 369-370 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01118.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01118.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:369-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Roper Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Roper Title: . Edited by Helena Lenihan, Bernadette Andreosso-O’Callaghan and Mark Hart Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 367-368 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01119.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01119.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:367-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Iván Arribas Author-X-Name-First: Iván Author-X-Name-Last: Arribas Author-Name: Francisco Pérez Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez Author-Name: Emili Tortosa-Ausina Author-X-Name-First: Emili Author-X-Name-Last: Tortosa-Ausina Title: A New Interpretation of the Distance Puzzle Based on Geographic Neutrality Abstract: One of the most remarkable features of globalization is that advances in technology have contributed to reducing the costs of trade (e.g., transportation and communication costs) and thus have boosted international trade. Under these circumstances, the importance of distance should have diminished over time, which would constitute a boon for countries that are far from the main centers of economic activity. However, one of the best-established empirical results in international economics is that bilateral trade decreases with distance. This apparent contradiction has been labeled the “missing globalization puzzle.” We propose yet another explanation for this apparent contradiction that is based on the concept of geographic neutrality, which we use to construct indicators of international trade integration for two different scenarios: when distance matters and when it does not. Our results indicate that the importance of distance varies greatly across countries, as revealed by disparate gaps between distance-corrected and distance-uncorrected trade-integration indicators for different countries. Some factors that are rooted in the literature explain away the discrepancies, but their importance varies according to the trade-integration indicator that is considered—trade openness or trade connection. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 335-362 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01120.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01120.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:335-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Neffke Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Neffke Author-Name: Martin Henning Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Henning Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Title: How Do Regions Diversify over Time? Industry Relatedness and the Development of New Growth Paths in Regions Abstract: The question of how new regional growth paths emerge has been raised by many leading economic geographers. From an evolutionary perspective, there are strong reasons to believe that regions are most likely to branch into industries that are technologically related to the preexisting industries in the regions. Using a new indicator of technological relatedness between manufacturing industries, we analyzed the economic evolution of 70 Swedish regions from 1969 to 2002 with detailed plant-level data. Our analyses show that the long-term evolution of the economic landscape in Sweden is subject to strong path dependencies. Industries that were technologically related to the preexisting industries in a region had a higher probability of entering that region than did industries that were technologically unrelated to the region’s preexisting industries. These industries had a higher probability of exiting that region. Moreover, the industrial profiles of Swedish regions showed a high degree of technological cohesion. Despite substantial structural change, this cohesion was persistent over time. Our methodology also proved useful when we focused on the economic evolution of one particular region. Our analysis indicates that the Linköping region increased its industrial cohesion over 30 years because of the entry of industries that were closely related to its regional portfolio and the exit of industries that were technologically peripheral. In summary, we found systematic evidence that the rise and fall of industries is strongly conditioned by industrial relatedness at the regional level. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-265 Issue: 3 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01121.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01121.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:237-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Author-Name: Meric S. Gertler Author-X-Name-First: Meric S. Author-X-Name-Last: Gertler Title: The German Variety of Capitalism: Forces and Dynamics of Evolutionary Change Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-9 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00252.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00252.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:1-9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: Financial Valuation of the German Model: The Negative Relationship Between Ownership Concentration and Stock Market Returns, 1997–2001 Abstract: Believed to be a robust alternative to Anglo-American market capitalism, the virtues of the German model are increasingly disputed as doubts are raised about its long-term prospects. At the core of the German model is a system of corporate governance that is characterized by concentrated ownership and cross-holdings of stocks among related firms and their financial service providers. When combined with workers’ representation on corporate supervisory boards, concentrated ownership is thought to encourage a longer-term competitive and investment strategy. Using a unique data set on German corporate voting rights and insights gleaned from intensive interviews with German and international financial institutions, we analyze daily stock market prices from 1997 to 2001, testing for the value attributed to concentrated ownership by financial markets. We show that financial markets discount ownership concentration in ways that are consistent with Anglo-American conceptions of shareholder value, rather than with the logic of the German model. There is a significant negative relationship between ownership concentration and the average daily rate of return (as measured by closing stock market prices). This is an important finding for firms in the DAX100 and is the most pronounced for firms in the DAX30. Implications of these findings for the continued significance of distinctive regional systems of accumulation are considered in the final sections. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 11-29 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00253.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00253.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:11-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meric S. Gertler Author-X-Name-First: Meric S. Author-X-Name-Last: Gertler Author-Name: Tara Vinodrai Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Vinodrai Title: Learning from America? Knowledge Flows and Industrial Practices of German Firms in North America Abstract: According to conventional wisdom, industrial practices in the advanced economies are becoming more alike as the forces of globalization strengthen and spread. Owing to the deep resources, increasing connectedness, and sophistication of large firms, corporate spaces of learning are now global in scope. Over time, these processes will spell the demise of distinctive national industrial models as global learning erases local variation. This article presents a critical assessment of such claims, based on the study of industrial practices in German firms with manufacturing plants in three regions of North America. The study analyzes workplace organization, employment relations, the use of technology, and associative interaction within the region. It also examines the mechanisms for the transfer of knowledge between German and North American operations and the extent to which such transfers have been successful. Its overriding conclusion is that the progress of “strong convergence” processes has been far more limited than conventional wisdom would suggest. At least in the world of manufacturing, lessons learned in North America have not had a major impact on industrial practices in Germany. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 31-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00254.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00254.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:31-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heiner Depner Author-X-Name-First: Heiner Author-X-Name-Last: Depner Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Title: Exporting the German Model: The Establishment of a New Automobile Industry Cluster in Shanghai Abstract: Recent work has provided evidence that the establishment of new industry clusters cannot be jump-started through policy initiatives alone. This evidence does not imply, however, that the genesis of a new cluster cannot be planned at all. Especially in the context of a developing economy, it seems useful to reinvestigate the relation among economic development, the strategies of multinational firms, and state intervention in this respect. Drawing from the case of the automobile industry and its supplier system in Shanghai in which German firms play an important role, we provide empirical evidence of the evolution of a new cluster that is supported by the state in various forms and characterized by a focal, hierarchically structured production system. We use a multidimensional approach to clusters, which leads to a more nuanced understanding of the evolution and growth of a cluster than that provided by earlier accounts. This approach allows us to distinguish the development of the Shanghai automobile industry cluster along its vertical, horizontal, external, institutional, and power dimensions. We provide evidence that another dimension—“culture”—plays an important role, especially in its relation to issues of power and institutions. The role of this dimension is demonstrated in the case of German firms, which tap into the Chinese innovation system. This system is characterized by particular business relations, institutions, norms, and various social practices that are new to German firms. We demonstrate how this difference creates problems in establishing local production and supplier relations and how these problems can be overcome. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 53-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00255.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00255.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:53-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Inge Ivarsson Author-X-Name-First: Inge Author-X-Name-Last: Ivarsson Author-Name: Claes Göran Alvstam Author-X-Name-First: Claes Göran Author-X-Name-Last: Alvstam Title: The Effect of Spatial Proximity on Technology Transfer from TNCs to Local Suppliers in Developing Countries: The Case of AB Volvo in Asia and Latin America Abstract: This article contributes to the limited number of studies on how agglomeration and spatial proximity contribute to the establishment of technology linkages between foreign transnational corporations and suppliers in developing countries. We use firm-level data, collected at the bus and truck plants of AB Volvo in Brazil, China, India, and Mexico, to analyze the extent to which “local” suppliers, located near the assembly plants, are in a better position than are other suppliers in the host country to take advantage of the technological assistance that Volvo provides as part of its ongoing business relations. Our analysis shows that many suppliers are provided with technological assistance, related both to “embodied” and “disembodied” forms of technology. Our main finding is that the higher transaction and communication costs that Volvo has to bear when interacting with nonlocal suppliers, compared to local suppliers, only marginally seem to affect the extent to which the suppliers are provided with technological assistance. However, geographic proximity is more crucial for opportunities for the suppliers to absorb external technology. Especially in China and India, but also in Brazil, local suppliers take advantage of their interaction with Volvo to a larger extent than do other suppliers. For many of the smaller domestic companies that make up the dominant share of Volvo’s local suppliers, low transaction and communication costs and the opportunity to interact regularly with Volvo are an important determinant of the successful absorption of external technology. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 83-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00256.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00256.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:83-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: . Edited by Ash Amin and Nigel Thrift Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00257.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00257.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Zook Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Zook Title: . Edited by Dirk Fornahl and Thomas Brenner Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00258.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00258.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:115-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward Malecki Author-X-Name-First: Edward Author-X-Name-Last: Malecki Title: . Edited by Trevor J.Barnes, Jamie Peck, Eric Sheppard and Adam Tickell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-120 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00259.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00259.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:119-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Hallsworth Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Hallsworth Title: . By John R. Bryson, Peter W. Daniels and Barney Warf Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 121-122 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00260.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00260.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:121-122 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ann M. Oberhauser Author-X-Name-First: Ann M. Author-X-Name-Last: Oberhauser Title: . By Gillian Hart Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 123-125 Issue: 1 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00261.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00261.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:1:p:123-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elvin K. Wyly Author-X-Name-First: Elvin K. Author-X-Name-Last: Wyly Title: Continuity and Change in the Restless Urban Landscape Abstract: Recent inquiry in urban studies highlights the dynamic restructuring of urban areas, with new elements of the landscape taken as reflections of sweeping economic and sociocultural change. American cities are portrayed as “galactic” and “restless” manifestations of global and national industrial restructuring, widening income inequality, demographic shifts, and the cultural sensibilities of new class formations. Yet the persistence of residential segregation and suburban development processes provide reminders of the historical continuity of American urban form. This paper critically evaluates continuity and change in the urban landscape, drawing on feminist urban research and theories of residential differentiation to analyze changes in spatial segregation among families and households. I apply the methods of the classical factorial ecology literature to a special census tabulation that controls for tract boundary changes between 1980 and 1990. The analysis focuses on Minneapolis–St. Paul, which exemplifies processes of industrial restructuring and suburban development and an unusually high rate of female labor force participation. Results indicate that urban demographic trends have inscribed increasingly complex patterns of neighborhood segregation. The delayed child-bearing, increased employment, and high household incomes of married women of the baby boom generation have altered the 1960s “family status” construct. I offer a theory of the “public household” to illuminate this transformation, which entails an erosion of the boundaries between markets and family life as households confront the contradictions of suburban built environments. The foundations of residential differentiation display remarkable continuity, and the public household is rooted in long-term demographic trends, widening inequality, and increasing consumption standards driven by postwar suburbanization and housing policy. Ultimately, restlessness in the urban landscape is a story of dynamic stability, as turbulent social and institutional change reflects the struggles of workers and families adjusting to the imperatives of life in a low-density urban environment. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 309-338 Issue: 4 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00124.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00124.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:4:p:309-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Hiebert Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Hiebert Title: Local Geographies of Labor Market Segmentation: Montréal, Toronto, and Vancouver, 1991 Abstract: In this paper I use census data to provide an overview of gender, ethnic, and immigrant occupational segmentation in Canada’s three largest metropolitan areas. My findings corroborate the work of many other authors who have shown the pronounced split between female- and male-dominated portions of the labor market. There is also evidence of considerable ethnic and immigrant segmentation, and members of visible minority groups, especially those who are immigrants, are over-represented in poorly paid, vulnerable jobs. However, these patterns are uneven: segmentation takes different forms in the three urban areas examined here. I consider these results in light of human capital and labor market segmentation theory. Each of these approaches—particularly the latter—helps us understand the way capitalist labor markets operate, but the patterns of gender and ethnocultural participation are too complex to be adequately explained by either theory. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 339-369 Issue: 4 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00125.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00125.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:4:p:339-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mei-Po Kwan Author-X-Name-First: Mei-Po Author-X-Name-Last: Kwan Title: Gender, the Home-Work Link, and Space-Time Patterns of Nonemployment Activities Abstract: Building upon recent theoretical work on the reconceptualized homework link, this study identifies out-of-home, nonemployment activities as another crucial component of the dynamic dependencies between home and work. Using travel diary data from Columbus, Ohio, and GIS-based three-dimensional visualization techniques, I compare the space-time patterns of these activities for three population subgroups. I examine the complex interrelations among women’s daytime fixity constraint, nonemployment activities, household responsibilities, and employment status using a nonrecursive structural equation model. The results show that women encounter higher levels of daytime fixity constraint than men regardless of their employment status. Such constraint is reduced when there are other adults in the household to share some of the domestic responsibilities. Women who face higher levels of fixity constraint are more likely to work part time. An important implication is that redressing the domestic division of labor and gender relations within the household will not only reduce women’s fixity constraint, but will also improve their labor market position (especially for women currently working part time). One unexpected result is that full-time employed women travel longer distances to work than do men even though they encounter higher levels of fixity constraint. This suggests that, contrary to what past studies often assumed, the journey to work may not reflect the magnitude of the fixity constraint women face in their everyday lives. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 370-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00126.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00126.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:4:p:370-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony Bebbington Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Bebbington Author-Name: Thomas Perreault Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Perreault Title: Social Capital, Development, and Access to Resources in Highland Ecuador Abstract: Building on recent statements calling for greater emphasis on the roles of organized actors and civil society in development research, in this paper we analyze the utility of themes raised in current debates on social capital for pursuing such lines of inquiry. In particular, we develop a framework for linking social capital to discussions of sustainability, resource access, and livelihoods. The framework understands the sustainability of livelihoods and local economies in two dimensions: patterns of access to produced, human, natural, and social capital; and the role of social capital formation at different geographic scales in facilitating rural peoples’ access to other forms of capital, both directly and through engaging with state, market, and other civil society actors. We then use the framework to discuss a case from highland Ecuador. The case study illustrates the ways in which social capital, in the form of community, federated, and national indigenous peoples’ organizations and their institutional networks, has been built through four decades of external intervention. It also traces the various ways in which this social capital formation has widened household and community access to financial, natural, and human capital. In doing so it draws out some of the links among social capital formation, livelihood development, political change, and landscape transformation. The approach has implications for development, social movements, and political ecological research. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 395-418 Issue: 4 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00127.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00127.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:4:p:395-418 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Megan K. Blake Author-X-Name-First: Megan K. Author-X-Name-Last: Blake Author-Name: Wilbur Zelinsky Author-X-Name-First: Wilbur Author-X-Name-Last: Zelinsky Author-Name: Steven M. Manson Author-X-Name-First: Steven M. Author-X-Name-Last: Manson Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 419-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00128.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00128.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:4:p:419-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 1999 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 424-424 Issue: 4 Volume: 75 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00129.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1999.tb00129.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:75:y:1999:i:4:p:424-424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-chung Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Author-Name: Neil Coe Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Coe Title: Toward a Dynamic Theory of Global Production Networks Abstract: Global production networks (GPN) are organizational platforms through which actors in different regional and national economies compete and cooperate for a greater share of value creation, transformation, and capture through geographically dispersed economic activity. Existing conceptual frameworks on global value chains (GVC) and what we term GPN 1.0 tend to under-theorize the origins and dynamics of these organizational platforms and to overemphasize their governance typologies (e.g., modular, relational, and captive modes in GVC theory) or analytical categories (e.g., power and embeddedness in GPN 1.0). Building on this expanding literature, our article aims to contribute toward the reframing of existing GPN-GVC debates and the development of a more dynamic theory of global production networks that can better explain the emergence of different firm-specific activities, strategic network effects, and territorial outcomes in the global economy. It is part of a wider initiative—GPN 2.0 in short—that seeks to offer novel theoretical insights into why and how the organization and coordination of global production networks varies significantly within and across different industries, sectors, and economies. Taking an actor-centered focus toward theory development, we tackle a significant gap in existing work by systematically conceptualizing the causal drivers of global production networks in terms of their competitive dynamics (optimizing cost-capability ratios, market imperatives, and financial discipline) and risk environments. These capitalist dynamics are theorized as critical independent variables that shape the four main strategies adopted by economic actors in (re)configuring their global production networks and, ultimately, the developmental outcomes in different industries, regions, and countries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 29-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12063 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12063 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:29-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jarmo Kortelainen Author-X-Name-First: Jarmo Author-X-Name-Last: Kortelainen Author-Name: Pertti Rannikko Author-X-Name-First: Pertti Author-X-Name-Last: Rannikko Title: Positionality Switch: Remapping Resource Communities in Russian Borderlands Abstract: This article elaborates on the contested periphery approach and related local models. Some economic geographers argue that the peculiarities of resource peripheries cannot be understood with the help of economic theories designed in economic cores. The contested periphery approach was developed specifically for resource economies and stresses the importance of geographically variable interactions of stakeholder groups that channel broad institutional values (industrialism, regulationism, environmentalism, and aboriginalism) into peripheries. Along with local features, they create local models, and changes in relations occasionally remap the conditions for resource utilization. The contested periphery approach is based on comparisons between large territorial regions, but we argue that this does not provide sufficient tools to recognize the relationally formed heterogeneity of peripheries. Instead, this article focuses on the changing positionalities of local communities. We introduce the concept of positionality switch to highlight the ways abrupt shifts in the direction of relations alter local positionalities. Empirically, we explore two Russian forestry communities in the Finnish-Russian borderland. Cross-border trade connections and the shifting semipermeability of the boundary have greatly influenced the local model and remapped borderland communities. Reestablished timber export in the 1990s began to create a local model shaped by imported forestry technologies and work organization systems. In the 2000s, higher customs duties for wood and deteriorating transportation links cut off both the cross-border and domestic connections leaving the settlements in limbo. The article concludes by arguing that the contested periphery approach and local models should be localized and supplemented with the concepts of positionality and positionality switch as well as contextually relevant concepts because they help to better understand the particularities and specific relations of each local model. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 59-82 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12064 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12064 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:59-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shiri Breznitz Author-X-Name-First: Shiri Author-X-Name-Last: Breznitz Title: . By Mary Lindenstein Walshok and Abraham Shragge Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 117-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12068 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12068 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:117-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Linda McDowell Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: McDowell Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—The Lives of Others: Body Work, the Production of Difference, and Labor Geographies Abstract: In this article I address one of the key aspects of feminist arguments about the economy—that is claims about domestic and caring labor and its necessity for capitalism. I address who undertakes caring labor, in what social relations, and in which spaces in Western economies, where deindustrialization and the rise of service-dominated employment have been associated with a transformation in the nature of work and the composition of the workforce. I review the ways in which this contemporary economic and employment change has been theorized by economic sociologists and economic geographers, in particular by labor geographers—that part of the discipline to which I feel the greatest connection—suggesting that changes in what is often termed reproductive labor have been relatively neglected at the expense of a focus on immaterial, high-status employment in knowledge-based economies. Through a historical example, I then illustrate the production of difference between women workers in caring jobs in the United Kingdom, arguing that closer attention to the intersection of embodied social attributes adds to explanations of continuity and change in the labor market as well as revealing a legacy of discrimination. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12070 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12070 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mona Domosh Author-X-Name-First: Mona Author-X-Name-Last: Domosh Title: Commentary on “The Lives of Others: Body Work, the Production of Difference, and Labor Geographies” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 25-28 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12071 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12071 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:25-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Rothwell Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Rothwell Author-Name: Douglas Massey Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Massey Title: Geographic Effects on Intergenerational Income Mobility Abstract: Research on intergenerational economic mobility often ignores the geographic context of childhood, including neighborhood quality and local purchasing power. We hypothesize that individual variation in intergenerational mobility is partly attributable to regional and neighborhood conditions—most notably access to high-quality schools. Using restricted Panel Study of Income Dynamics and census data, we find that neighborhood income has roughly half the effect on future earnings as parental income. We estimate that lifetime household income would be $635,000 dollars higher if people born into a bottom-quartile neighborhood would have been raised in a top-quartile neighborhood. When incomes are adjusted to regional purchasing power, these effects become even larger. The neighborhood effect is two-thirds as large as the parental income effect, and the lifetime earnings difference increases to $910,000. We test the robustness of these findings to various assumptions and alternative models, and replicate the basic results using aggregated metropolitan-level statistics of intergenerational income elasticities based on millions of Internal Revenue Service records. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 83-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12072 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12072 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:83-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Bair Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Bair Title: . Edited by Wilma Dunaway Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12075 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12075 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:109-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Edgington Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Edgington Title: . By Simona Iammarino and Philip McCann Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12076 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12076 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roy Maconachie Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Maconachie Title: . Edited by Anthony Bebbington and Jeffrey Bury Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:115-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fiona Allon Author-X-Name-First: Fiona Author-X-Name-Last: Allon Title: . By Linda McDowell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12083 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12083 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:1:p:107-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Christopherson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Christopherson Title: Why Do National Labor Market Practices Continue to Diverge in the Global Economy? The “Missing Link” of Investment Rules Abstract: How are we to understand what appear to be persistent differences in national economic practices? One way is through an analysis of the politically constructed “rules” that have been developed to govern markets in the major industrialized economies. Nationally based institutions and the power and agency they construct have a profound influence on private-sector and state actors. This power can be put into play outside as well as inside territorial boundaries. In this article, I expand the theoretical connections between market governance institutions and labor market practices by (1) examining how governance regimes influence the content and degree of labor flexibility and (2) analyzing the U.S. corporate governance regime as a set of institutions that parallels those of the more “coordinated” economies. If corporate governance is taken as central to explaining differences in the flexibility of labor markets, then U.S. practices can be explained more coherently. These practices are not simply a result of the absence of strong labor institutions but derive from the incentives that influence firms in the U.S. corporate governance regime. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-20 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00173.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00173.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:1-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Craig Jeffrey Author-X-Name-First: Craig Author-X-Name-Last: Jeffrey Title: Caste, Class, and Clientelism: A Political Economy of Everyday Corruption in Rural North India Abstract: Corruption has reemerged as an important issue in research on geography and development, but there has been little research on the relationship between corruption and class reproduction in rural areas of poorer countries. This article presents insights into how low-level economic corruption actually works within institutions that are responsible for purchasing sugarcane in rural western Uttar Pradesh, India, and the role of this corruption in perpetuating material inequalities within rural society. The discussion is based on 12 months of intensive field research on the economic and social strategies of a dominant caste of rich farmers in Meerut District, western Uttar Pradesh. In this article, I note periodic rural protest against the government’s mismanagement of sugarcane marketing and corruption and describe everyday, disguised, and discrete forms of corruption that allow rich farmers to obtain privileged access to lucrative marketing opportunities. I also show how discourses surrounding corruption are politicized along the lines of caste and class. I conclude by relating my empirical material to debates on local state-society relations in India. I stress the need to understand corruption with reference to local political economy and the broader distribution of social and economic opportunities in rural society and point to future avenues for geographic research on corruption in the Indian countryside. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 21-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00174.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00174.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:21-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel James Klooster Author-X-Name-First: Daniel James Author-X-Name-Last: Klooster Title: Toward Adaptive Community Forest Management: Integrating Local Forest Knowledge with Scientific Forestry Abstract: This case study of indigenous communities in highland Michoacán, Mexico, examines data on forest change, woodcutting practices, social history, and a recent forest inventory and management plan prepared by a professional forester. It assesses the social and environmental fit of both local knowledge and scientific forestry and considers their abilities to contribute to sustainable forest management. Both bodies of knowledge are limited in their ability to inform the social practice of environmental management. The local forest knowledge system is particularly hampered by a limited ability to monitor the forest’s response to woodcutting, while scientific forestry lacks the institutional flexibility to ensure the just and effective implementation of restrictions and prescriptions. This article recommends cross-learning between scientific resource managers and woodcutters, participatory environmental monitoring to assess the results of different cutting techniques, and explicit management experiments to facilitate institutional learning at the community level. This kind of adaptive management approach permits the flexible integration of local knowledge, scientific forestry, and appropriate institutional parameters to modulate human needs and goals with the discordant harmonies of inhabited and heavily used forests in a constant state of flux under processes of succession, disturbance, and spatial variation. Several barriers to this kind of institutional innovation exist, but outside intervention has the potential to change the dynamics of institutional evolution. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 43-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00175.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00175.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:43-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Krisnawati Suryanata Author-X-Name-First: Krisnawati Author-X-Name-Last: Suryanata Title: Diversified Agriculture, Land Use, and Agrofood Networks in Hawaii Abstract: Agriculture dominated the culture and economy of Hawaii until the mid-twentieth century, but has since been in a prolonged state of decline. This article examines strategies in Hawaii’s diversified agriculture that seek to revitalize its agrarian sector and the difficult challenges these efforts face within the globalized agrofood systems. Drawing from the actor-network perspective, this article suggests an alternative approach to developing Hawaii’s diversified agriculture. Networks of social actors that include growers, processors, gourmet chefs, retailers, and consumers have been able to create viable diversified agriculture in spite of the globalized agrofood systems. The article then discusses how the politics of land use and land development could condition Hawaii’s ability to build networks that are critical to the maintenance of a diversified agricultural sector. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 71-86 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00176.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00176.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:71-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Title: Poststructural Thought Policing Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 87-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00177.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00177.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:87-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Pickles Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Pickles Title: Reading Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 89-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00178.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00178.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:89-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P.P. Karan Author-X-Name-First: P.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Karan Author-Name: Deborah Che Author-X-Name-First: Deborah Author-X-Name-Last: Che Author-Name: J. Dallas Dishman Author-X-Name-First: J. Dallas Author-X-Name-Last: Dishman Author-Name: Simon Batterbury Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Batterbury Author-Name: Don Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Don Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell Author-Name: Gregory Martin Author-X-Name-First: Gregory Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 91-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00179.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00179.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:1:p:91-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elena Zukauskaite Author-X-Name-First: Elena Author-X-Name-Last: Zukauskaite Author-Name: Michaela Trippl Author-X-Name-First: Michaela Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl Author-Name: Monica Plechero Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Plechero Title: Institutional Thickness Revisited Abstract: Over the last two decades, the notion of institutional thickness has become a key reference for a large body of work that has sought to provide profound insights into the link between institutions and regional development. However, only few attempts have been made to reassess the concept, to improve its methodology, and to reflect on its empirical application. The aim of this article is to revise the original concept of institutional thickness. We draw on and seek to contribute to current work in economic geography and related disciplines on the role of organizations and institutions in regional development. We identify some crucial limitations and provide suggestions for how they can be addressed. It is argued that much can be gained by (1) explicitly elaborating on the relation between the organizational and institutional dimensions of thickness, (2) moving beyond overly static views on thickness, (3) developing a multiscalar approach to thickness, and (4) identifying features for assessing thickness in absolute and relative terms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 325-345 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1331703 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1331703 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:325-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony Howell Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Howell Title: Marshallian Sources of Relatedness and Their Effects on Firm Survival and Subsequent Success in China Abstract: Relying on a large panel of Chinese firms, this article attempts to investigate the effects of technological relatedness on firm survival and subsequent success (e.g., profits and productivity). The results show that related establishments that colocate together outperform their counterparts located elsewhere, although it is not clear whether these findings are due to the presence of externalities or alternative explanations. To explore this issue, several proxies for the Marshallian sources of relatedness are further developed to better reveal the underlying mechanisms that drive relatedness. The findings show that technological proximity helps to respectively reduce the costs of moving goods, people, and ideas, thus providing strong support for Marshallian theories of agglomeration. The ownership structure of the firm matters, however. Specifically, wholly privately owned enterprises are more successful than firms where the state is a minority shareholder at converting technologically related spillovers into higher profits and higher-efficiency gains. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 346-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1308223 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1308223 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:346-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sandro Montresor Author-X-Name-First: Sandro Author-X-Name-Last: Montresor Author-Name: Francesco Quatraro Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Quatraro Title: Regional Branching and Key Enabling Technologies: Evidence from European Patent Data Abstract: This article investigates the role of key enabling technologies (KETs) in regional branching. Taking into account the general purpose properties of these technologies, and referring to recombinant innovation theories, we argue that KETs knowledge could attenuate the effect that regional branching ascribes to technological relatedness, giving regions more scope for their technological diversification strategies. Furthermore, we claim that regions could benefit from this KETs effect, even if they are followers in their development, thanks to interregional spillovers from closer KETs leaders. Combining regional patent and economic data from a thirty-year panel (1980–2010) of twenty-six European countries, we actually find that KETs negatively moderate the role of technological relatedness for regional specialization in new technological fields, captured by a revealed technology advantage index. KETs knowledge also increases the number of new technological specializations. This positive effect more than compensates the previous negative moderation effect, so that the net impact of KETs on regional branching is positive. Supportive evidence is also found for KETs cross-regional spillovers. Overall, the results provide scientific support for the recent European Commission recommendation to plug KETs into the policy toolbox for smart specialization strategies inspired by regional branching. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 367-396 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1326810 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1326810 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:367-396 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melanie Feakins Author-X-Name-First: Melanie Author-X-Name-Last: Feakins Title: Off-offshoring from Russia to Ukraine: How Russian Transnational Entrepreneurs Created a Post-Soviet IT Offshore Abstract: Offshore has become a staple term in the lexicon of economic globalization, and, yet, it has also become a bit of a black-box term. The range of meanings attached tends to mask the complex, dynamic, and emergent qualities that are vital for the constant reinvention of offshore spaces. This article examines the activities of Russian transnationalizing entrepreneurs of the Russian information technology (IT) offshore—a sector that is made up principally of firms based in Russia specialized in providing IT and software services for clients located in Western Europe and North America—and analyzes how their unique experiment to expand operations to Ukraine is generating a new spatial reality, one with internal hierarchies and subspaces, which I call the off-offshore.Drawing on the narratives of engineers, managers, and directors of Russian firms who drive the creation of this new off-offshoring reality, the article focuses on the process and practices developed by transnationalizing entreprenuers. I document how these actors devised the initial attempts for expanding their operations in Ukraine, how they proceeded to implement and adapt their plans, and what language—from biological metaphors to pragmatic business terminology—they use to grasp the newness of this process. The article highlights various unexpected difficulties that the firms encountered in their expansion efforts and discusses the unique new multidimensional knowledge work spacethat becomes the reality of such firms as a result of experimental rhizomatic techniques and practices that they develop—such as management circulation, multidirectional and reversed training, and the development of online forums and in the flesh groups to encourage enthusiasts based in the new locations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 397-417 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1308222 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1308222 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:397-417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gavin Bridge Author-X-Name-First: Gavin Author-X-Name-Last: Bridge Title: A review of Limits to Globalization: Disruptive Geographies of Capitalist Development By Eric Sheppard Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 418-419 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1344550 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1344550 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:418-419 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Huggins Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins Title: A review of By Joel Mokyr Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 420-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1343644 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1343644 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:420-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Nyberg Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Nyberg Title: A review of By Janelle Knox-Hayes Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 424-425 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1331702 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1331702 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:424-425 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jean-Paul Rodrigue Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigue Title: A review of The Rule of Logistics: Walmart and the Architecture of Fulfillment. By Jesse Lecavalier Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 426-428 Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1308807 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1308807 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:426-428 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Erratum Journal: Economic Geography Pages: x-x Issue: 4 Volume: 93 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1347414 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1347414 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:93:y:2017:i:4:p:x-x Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Angel Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Angel Title: From the Editor Journal: Economic Geography Pages: ii-ii Issue: 1 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00152.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00152.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:1:p:ii-ii Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip F. Kelly Author-X-Name-First: Philip F. Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly Title: The Political Economy of Local Labor Control in the Philippines Abstract: Labor market processes in sites of peripheral capitalism are all too frequently represented as the straightforward exploitation of abundant, cheap, and place-bound labor by space-controlling international capital. Extensive literatures exist that deal with national regimes of labor regulation and the subjugated subjectivities of workers in locations of rapid industrialization in the developing world. The complex regulating institutions operating at a local scale in such sites have not, however, received the same sensitive attention as labor markets in the industrialized world, on which research has advanced considerably in recent years.In this paper I seek to address that discrepancy by focusing on the institutions and actors involved in creating a local labor control regime in a site of rapid industrialization in the Philippines. These include the national state, corporate investors, individual workers, industrial estate management companies, recruitment agencies, village and community leaders, municipal officials, provincial governments, and labor organizations. In exploring the relationship between these various players I develop two arguments. First, the relationship embodied in the labor process of newly industrializing spaces cannot be conceived simply as an antagonism between “global” capital and “local” labor. Instead, the wide range of local players described here act to mediate that relationship and to embed specific global capitals in a local political economy of power relations. Second, these localized relationships often exist outside of formal regulatory institutions, and indeed may directly contravene them. In this way the mechanisms employed in the local labor control regime are frequently more informal, more fluid, and more geographically variable than an analysis of formal regulatory institutions would reveal. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00153.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00153.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Bruce Newbold Author-X-Name-First: K. Bruce Author-X-Name-Last: Newbold Title: Counting Migrants and Migrations: Comparing Lifetime and Fixed-Interval Return and Onward Migration Abstract: Lifetime measures of return and onward migration that use place of birth may be rather arbitrary, as they may not capture the essence of “home” region and therefore may not adequately represent ties to place, including where an individual grew up or went to school. The recent availability of census data that include information on place of residence five years prior to the census, one year prior, and at the time of the census allow an alternative definition of return and onward migration based upon fixed-interval data. Employing data from the 1996 Canadian census, in this paper I first compare and examine the incidence, composition, and spatial patterns and explanations of return and onward migration through measures of lifetime and fixed-interval data. I then suggest a typology of return migration. Findings indicate that although both measures result in similar patterns and demographic effects, fixed-interval measures provide additional detail into the processes at work. Planned returns among younger and older adults that are most likely associated with education or employment and represent 24 percent of returns define two types of return migration. A third type is more consistent with the stereotypical image of a “failed” migration. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00154.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00154.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:1:p:23-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Torben Birch-Thomsen Author-X-Name-First: Torben Author-X-Name-Last: Birch-Thomsen Author-Name: Pia Frederiksen Author-X-Name-First: Pia Author-X-Name-Last: Frederiksen Author-Name: Hans-Otto Sano Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Otto Author-X-Name-Last: Sano Title: A Livelihood Perspective on Natural Resource Management and Environmental Change in Semiarid Tanzania Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explore how social relations influence land use and natural resource management at the local level. Through empirical analysis that tracks changes in land use and environment over 40 years, we present evidence of a process of agrarianization based on commercialization of crops and expansion of cultivated land. With the concept of livelihood strategies as an analytical framework, subcommunity processes are analyzed for their impact on intensification and degradation. Accumulating strategies are linked to expansion, commercial crop production, and selective intensification through high-value inputs, while at the other end of the scale, peasant-labor households endure exhausted or marginal potential land resources combined with lack of flexibility in input consumption. The article shows how degradation and intensification occur simultaneously and how incomes may increase even during processes of land degradation. We argue that a livelihood approach can be useful in uncovering and explaining these processes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 41-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00155.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00155.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:1:p:41-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marianna Pavlovskaya Author-X-Name-First: Marianna Author-X-Name-Last: Pavlovskaya Author-Name: Michael Bradshaw Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Bradshaw Author-Name: Andrew.E.G Jonas Author-X-Name-First: Andrew.E.G Author-X-Name-Last: Jonas Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen Author-Name: Joseph.S Wood Author-X-Name-First: Joseph.S Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Ellen R. Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Ellen R. Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Author-Name: Trevor Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Author-Name: Prescott C. Ensign Author-X-Name-First: Prescott C. Author-X-Name-Last: Ensign Author-Name: Robin Roth Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Roth Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Author-X-Name-Last: Wai-chung Yeung Author-Name: Amy K. Glasmeier Author-X-Name-First: Amy K. Author-X-Name-Last: Glasmeier Author-Name: James E. Bell Author-X-Name-First: James E. Author-X-Name-Last: Bell Author-Name: Zbigniew Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Zbigniew Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 67-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00156.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00156.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:1:p:67-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nancy Fraser Author-X-Name-First: Nancy Author-X-Name-Last: Fraser Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—From Exploitation to Expropriation: Historic Geographies of Racialized Capitalism Abstract: Familiar, exploitation-centered conceptions of capitalism cannot explain its persistent entanglement with racial oppression. In their place, I suggest an expanded conception that also encompasses an ongoing but disavowed moment of expropriation. By thematizing that other ex, I disclose, first, the crucial role played in capital accumulation by unfree and dependent labor, which is expropriated, as opposed to exploited; and second, the equally indispensable role of politically enforced status distinctions between free, exploitable citizen-workers and dependent, expropriable subjects. Treating such political distinctions as constitutive of capitalist society and as correlated with the color line, I demonstrate that the racialized subjection of those whom capital expropriates is a condition of possibility for the freedom of those whom it exploits. After developing this proposition systematically, I historicize it, distinguishing four regimes of racialized accumulation according to how exploitation and expropriation are distinguished, sited, and intertwined in each. I end by making the case for combined struggles against both exes and against the larger social system that generates their symbiosis. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-17 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1398045 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1398045 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:1-17 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sharad Chari Author-X-Name-First: Sharad Author-X-Name-Last: Chari Title: Commentary on “From Exploitation to Expropriation: Geographies of Racialization in Historic Capitalism” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 18-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1398044 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1398044 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:18-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Neffke Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Neffke Author-Name: Matté Hartog Author-X-Name-First: Matté Author-X-Name-Last: Hartog Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Martin Henning Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Henning Title: Agents of Structural Change: The Role of Firms and Entrepreneurs in Regional Diversification Abstract: Who introduces structural change in regional economies: Entrepreneurs or existing firms? And do local or nonlocal establishment founders create most novelty in a region? We develop a theoretical framework that focuses on the roles different agents play in regional transformation. We then apply this framework, using Swedish matched employer–employee data, to determine how novel the activities of new establishments are to a region. Incumbents mainly reinforce a region’s current specialization: incumbent’s growth, decline, and industry switching further align them with the rest of the local economy. The unrelated diversification required for structural change mostly originates via new establishments, especially via those with nonlocal roots. Interestingly, although entrepreneurs often introduce novel activities to a local economy, when they do so, their ventures have higher failure rates compared to new subsidiaries of existing firms. Consequently, new subsidiaries manage to create longer-lasting change in regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1391691 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1391691 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:23-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Parker Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Author-Name: Stephen Cox Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Cox Author-Name: Paul Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Title: Financialization and Value-based Control: Lessons from the Australian Mining Supply Chain Abstract: Lead firms operate on multiple scales, and although their corporate functions may be globally organized, they are anchored in various territories through the formation of relations with local suppliers, some of whom have specialized knowledge, capabilities, or technologies that are essential to the lead firms’ business activities. Global value chain and global production network analyses have recognized that financialization is increasingly driving the way that lead firms coordinate their relationships with supplier firms. The contribution of this article is to unpack the mechanisms that lead firms adopt to govern their supply chains in the context of financialization and the implications this has for the territorial embeddedness of lead firms. The boom–bust cycle of mining, arising from massive fluctuations in global commodity prices, provides a revealing context in which to explore the changing agendas of financial markets and their implications for lead firm connections to territory. This article examines the mechanisms lead firms use to coordinate relations with local suppliers in the Queensland coal industry, which accounts for 50 percent of international trade in metallurgical coal and which has evolved in the context of the most recent boom–bust cycle of global coal prices. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 49-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1330118 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1330118 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:49-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher Foster Author-X-Name-First: Christopher Author-X-Name-Last: Foster Author-Name: Mark Graham Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Graham Author-Name: Laura Mann Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Mann Author-Name: Timothy Waema Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Author-X-Name-Last: Waema Author-Name: Nicolas Friederici Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas Author-X-Name-Last: Friederici Title: Digital Control in Value Chains: Challenges of Connectivity for East African Firms Abstract: In recent years, Internet connectivity has greatly improved across the African continent. This article examines the consequences that this shift has had for East African firms that are part of global value chains (GVCs). Prior work yielded contradictory expectations: firms might benefit from connectivity through increased efficiencies and improved access to markets, although they might also be further marginalized through increasing control of lead firms. Drawing on extensive qualitative research in Kenya and Rwanda, including 264 interviews, we examine 3 sectors (tea, tourism, and business process outsourcing) exploring overarching, cross-cutting themes. The findings support more pessimistic expectations: small African producers are only thinly digitally integrated in GVCs. Moreover, shifting modes of value chain governance, supported by lead firms and facilitated by digital information platforms and data standards are leading to new challenges for firms looking to digitally integrate. Nevertheless, we also find examples in these sectors of opportunities where small firms are able to cater to emerging niche customers, and local or regional markets. Overall, the study shows that improving connectivity does not inherently benefit African firms in GVCs without support for complementary capacity and competitive advantages. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 68-86 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1350104 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1350104 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:68-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: A review of The Rise of the Hybrid Domain: Collaborative Governance for Social Innovation By Yuko Aoyama with Balaji Parthasarathy Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 87-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1392849 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1392849 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:87-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bram Büscher Author-X-Name-First: Bram Author-X-Name-Last: Büscher Title: A review of By Jessica Dempsey Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 89-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1345305 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1345305 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:89-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Lindner Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Lindner Title: The Contradictions of Capital in the Twenty-First Century: The Piketty Opportunity Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 92-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1348226 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1348226 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:92-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maxwell Hartt Author-X-Name-First: Maxwell Author-X-Name-Last: Hartt Title: A review of Shrinking Cities: Understanding Urban Decline in the United States By Russell Weaver, Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen, Jason Knight, and Amy E. Frazier Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 94-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1348893 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1348893 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:94-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Annual Contents Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 3-5 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1417792 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1417792 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:3-5 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2016–2017 Reviewers(August 1, 2016 to July 31, 2017) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 6-7 Issue: 1 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1417795 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1417795 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:1:p:6-7 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-chung Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Title: Remaking Economic Geography: Insights from East Asia Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 339-348 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00377.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00377.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:339-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Glassman Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Glassman Title: Recovering from Crisis: The Case of Thailand’s Spatial Fix Abstract: Although the Asian economic crisis has been the subject of numerous analyses, the varied and uneven processes by which different Asian countries have recovered from the crisis have received comparatively less attention. This article focuses on the process of recovery in Thailand. While the crisis and recovery both have international dimensions that go beyond individual nation-states, the case of Thailand can be used to analyze some of the forces that are at work in both the national and international contexts. Thailand’s process of recovery can be analyzed by noting tensions and overlaps among different forms of spatial fix—those involving investment in Bangkok’ built environment, those involving the geographic decentralization of investment to lower-cost production sites, and those involving the effort to expand exports. Each of these spatial fixes involves different accumulation strategies and, therefore, political coalitions. This situation suggests the centrality of social struggles over the appropriation of surplus to both crisis and recovery. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 349-370 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00378.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00378.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:349-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas A. Phelps Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps Title: Gaining from Globalization? State Extraterritoriality and Domestic Economic Impacts—The Case of Singapore Abstract: States have authored elements of globalization—deploying strategies to exert themselves extraterritorially. Such extraterritorial dimensions of state strategy are intimately connected to economic interests—although the economic interests in question and the geographic manifestations of extraterritoriality have varied historically for individual nation-states and continue to vary among different nation-states. This article examines one important example of this phenomenon. The rapid industrialization of Singapore at a time of rapid international economic integration has created a unique degree of urgency, depth, and breadth among contemporary state strategies of extraterritoriality. Drawing upon original research on joint-venture industry and technology parks in China, Vietnam, Indonesia, and India, the article examines the extent and nature of economic benefits to the Singapore economy leveraged through this particular strategy of extraterritorialization. The modest scale of these benefits confirms both the limits of state strategies that are aimed at, and elite discourses regarding, “gaining from globalization.” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 371-393 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00379.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00379.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:371-393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chun Yang Author-X-Name-First: Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Divergent Hybrid Capitalisms in China: Hong Kong and Taiwanese Electronics Clusters in Dongguan Abstract: This article explores and compares the changing dynamics and organization of cross-border production by Hong Kong and Taiwanese electronics firms in China, on the basis of more than 40 semistructured interviews with firms from April 2005 to January 2007 in various towns of Dongguan, an emergent “global factory” in south China. Despite initial resemblances, Hong Kong and Taiwanese electronics clusters have adopted different approaches to organize their cross-border production since the late 1990s. Little systemic comparative analysis has been conducted on the causes. The divergent practices can be interpreted as differences in corporate strategies of parent and branch firms, industrial policies in Hong Kong and Taiwan, linkages with global leaders, and home-host interactions in response to the challenges of globalization. To tap into the domestic market of mainland China, Hong Kong companies have tended to become “domestic firms,” while Taiwanese companies have become wholly foreign owned and pursued a “pseudo-location” of suppliers of raw materials and components. The article concludes that more comparative studies are needed on divergent hybrid capitalisms that are driven by different sources of foreign direct investment in various host regions, so as to develop empirical insights into appropriate conceptual frameworks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 395-420 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00380.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00380.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:395-420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yehua Dennis Wei Author-X-Name-First: Yehua Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Author-Name: Wangming Li Author-X-Name-First: Wangming Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Chunbin Wang Author-X-Name-First: Chunbin Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Restructuring Industrial Districts, Scaling Up Regional Development: A Study of the Wenzhou Model, China Abstract: The Wenzhou Municipality in Zhejiang Province is spearheading China’ marketization and development of private enterprises. Its successful development trajectory, centered on family-owned small businesses embedded in thick local institutions, resembles Marshallian industrial districts (MIDs). However, with China’ changing institutional environment and intensifying competition, Wenzhou has been facing challenges. Since the late 1980s, Wenzhou has gone through two major rounds of restructuring (from family enterprises to shareholding cooperatives to shareholding enterprises), that have included four major types of strategic response: institutional change, technological upgrading, industrial diversification, and spatial restructuring. Firms in Wenzhou have gone through localization and delocalization, and locational choices reflect the dual destinations of globalizing cities and interior cities. The formation of new firms and clusters has been accompanied by mergers, acquisitions, and the emergence of multiregional enterprises (MREs), some of which have relocated their headquarters and specialized functions to metropolitan areas, especially Shanghai and Hangzhou. More recently, Wenzhou’ growth has slowed, leading some to question the sustainability of the Wenzhou model. We argue that Wenzhou’ development is in danger of regional lock-ins—relational, intergenerational, and structural. Wenzhou’ experience challenges the orthodox concept of MIDs and calls for “scaling up” regional development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 421-444 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00381.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00381.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:421-444 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan M. Walcott Author-X-Name-First: Susan M. Author-X-Name-Last: Walcott Title: . By John Friedmann Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 445-446 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00382.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00382.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:445-446 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valerie Preston Author-X-Name-First: Valerie Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Title: . By Diane Perrons, Colette Fagan, Linda McDowell, Kath Ray and Kevin Ward Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 447-448 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00383.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00383.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:447-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gavin Bridge Author-X-Name-First: Gavin Author-X-Name-Last: Bridge Title: . Edited by Gert Spaargaren, Arthur P. J. Mol and Frederick H. Buttel Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 449-450 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00384.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00384.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:449-450 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura T. Raynolds Author-X-Name-First: Laura T. Author-X-Name-Last: Raynolds Title: . By John Soluri Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 451-452 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00385.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00385.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:451-452 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Montserrat Pallares-Barbera Author-X-Name-First: Montserrat Author-X-Name-Last: Pallares-Barbera Title: . By Mauro F. Guillén Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-454 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00386.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00386.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:453-454 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil M. Coe Author-X-Name-First: Neil M. Author-X-Name-Last: Coe Title: . Edited by Stanley D. Brunn Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 455-457 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00387.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00387.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:455-457 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2006–2007 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 458-458 Issue: 4 Volume: 83 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00388.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00388.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:4:p:458-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nebahat Tokatli Author-X-Name-First: Nebahat Author-X-Name-Last: Tokatli Author-Name: Ömür Kizilgün Author-X-Name-First: Ömür Author-X-Name-Last: Kizilgün Title: Upgrading in the Global Clothing Industry: Mavi Jeans and the Transformation of a Turkish Firm from Full-Package to Brand-Name Manufacturing and Retailing Abstract: Since 1984, Erak Clothing, a Turkish contractor, has manufactured jeans as a full-package producer for international brands, such as Calvin Klein, Guess, and Esprit. Following the creation of its own brand, Mavi Jeans, in 1991, the firm has been transforming itself into an original brand-name manufacturer and retailer. Mavi Jeans are now sold worldwide at more than 3,000 sales points, including Nordstrom, Macy’s, and Bloomingdale’s department stores, and five directly owned and operated flagship stores in Vancouver, New York, Frankfurt, Berlin, and Montreal. In this article, the authors tell the exceptional story of the firm’s transformation from a full-package manufacturer into an original brand-name manufacturer and retailer. They discuss how a peripheral manufacturing firm has managed to achieve a high value-added competitive advantage by gaining access to global networks of production, consumption, and information in the clothing industry: a buyer-driven industry in which the world’s largest retailers, branded marketers, and manufacturers without factories are the dominant players with asymmetrical influence and power. The case study supports the theoretical position that individual firms have some room for autonomous action and that power relationships have some fragility that can be exploited by firms with strategic intent. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 221-240 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00233.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00233.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:221-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel K. N. Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Daniel K. N. Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Author-Name: Amy Brown Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: How the West Has Won: Regional and Industrial Inversion in U.S. Patent Activity Abstract: While it is clear that there has been a “regional inversion” in American patent activity over the past 25 years (i.e., relative rise of the Northwest and Southwest at the expense of the traditional invention hotbeds of the Northeast and Midwest), the reason is still open to speculation. Theory suggests that it can be explained by some combination of changing demographics and industrial composition. We introduce constant market share analysis, typically used only in international trade theory, offer a new extension to this tool, and conclude that industrial shifts have accounted for almost half the regional inversion among states. The results of the regression analysis show how the West capitalized upon the shift via demographics and policy variables, whose importance varies with the planning horizon. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 241-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00234.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00234.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:241-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie A. Silva Author-X-Name-First: Julie A. Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Author-Name: Robin M. Leichenko Author-X-Name-First: Robin M. Author-X-Name-Last: Leichenko Title: Regional Income Inequality and International Trade Abstract: This study investigates the effects of trade on income inequality across regions in the United States. Using both structural and price-based measures of regional trade involvement, we evaluate the effects of trade on inequality within and across states, the metropolitan and nonmetropolitan portions of the states, and the major census regions. Across all states and metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, we found that trade affects inequality primarily via import and export prices. In contrast to our expectations, however, a weaker dollar—more expensive imports and cheaper exports—is associated with the worsening of a state’s position relative to other states and greater inequality within the state. Across the census regions, both our price and orientation measures had significant effects, but the direction of these effects varied by region. Whereas many regions benefited from cheaper imports, states in regions that are traditionally home to low-wage sectors, including the Southeast and South Central regions, were made relatively worse off by lower import prices and by greater orientation toward import-competing goods. Our findings reinforce notions about the uneven impacts of globalization and suggest that policy measures are needed to ensure that both the benefits and costs of involvement in international trade are shared across regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 261-286 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00235.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00235.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:261-286 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Örjan Sjöberg Author-X-Name-First: Örjan Author-X-Name-Last: Sjöberg Author-Name: Fredrik Sjöholm Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik Author-X-Name-Last: Sjöholm Title: Trade Liberalization and the Geography of Production: Agglomeration, Concentration, and Dispersal in Indonesia’s Manufacturing Industry Abstract: The effect of the liberalization of trade on the spatial concentration of economic activities is not straightforward. It has been widely argued that protectionism increases spatial concentration as firms locate close to the main domestic markets. However, it has also been argued that an expansion of international trade primarily favors existing industrial centers and therefore leads to increased regional inequalities. Against the background of ongoing debates in both mainstream economics and in geography, we examine the spatial concentration of manufacturing in Indonesia between 1980 and 1996, a period when Indonesia substantially liberalized its trade regime. The high concentration did not decrease during this period, and establishments that engaged in international trade were actually comparably concentrated. We discuss some possible explanations for the spatial concentration in Indonesia and conclude that a host of factors may affect the outcome of trade liberalizations. In particular, the spatial configuration of the national settlement system is a potentially important factor in this regard. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 287-310 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00236.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00236.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:287-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Agnew Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Agnew Title: by Bob Jessop Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 311-313 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00237.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00237.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:311-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Title: by Eric Helleiner Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 315-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00238.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00238.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:315-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nichola J. Lowe Author-X-Name-First: Nichola J. Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe Title: by Jane Collins Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 319-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00239.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00239.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:3:p:319-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Hayter Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Hayter Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: Neoliberalization and Its Geographic Limits: Comparative Reflections from Forest Peripheries in the Global North Abstract: Recently, a number of economic geography studies have emphasized that when neoliberalism is grounded in particular places, it takes on hybrid forms, a result of local contingencies that are found at those sites. This article contributes to this literature by explicating the processes by which hybridization occurs by drawing on a comparative study of neoliberalism in three contemporary forest-based regions in the Global North: British Columbia, Canada; Tasmania, Australia; and the North Island, New Zealand. A key term for us is geographic limits, by which we mean regionally specific constellations (assemblages) of institutional and material forms that resist; hybridize; or, at junctures, even offset neoliberalism with alternative agendas. In turn, our idea of geographic limits is derived from our larger conceptual framework that integrates Anna Tsing’s (2005) concept of friction with the notion of remapping and a four-leg stakeholder model that consists of different, albeit overlapping, institutional agencies that represent the political, the industrial, the environmental, and the cultural. These institutions provide the animus for a remapping that variously implements, modifies, and occasionally counters neoliberalism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 197-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01143.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01143.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:197-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Jones Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: . By Yuko Aoyama, James Murphy and Susan Hanson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 225-226 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01144.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01144.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:225-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michele Fratianni Author-X-Name-First: Michele Author-X-Name-Last: Fratianni Author-Name: Francesco Marchionne Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Marchionne Title: Trade Costs and Economic Development Abstract: In our study, we tested the hypothesis of the bidirectional causality between trade costs and economic development using data on Italian provinces. Using different methods to control for multilateral resistance, we applied a gravity equation to estimate sectoral exports to 188 countries over the period 1995–2004. Provincial trade costs were constructed as the sum of five province-specific elasticities, including distance, adjacency, and common money. We found that Italian provinces are heterogeneous with respect to trade costs. These costs are influenced by lagged provincial per capita income and industrial structure. In turn, trade costs influence future provincial per capita income. This bidirectional relationship between trade costs and income is broadly consistent with the two-way causation process emphasized by the New Geographical Economics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 137-163 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01145.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01145.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:137-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Breandán á hUallacháin Author-X-Name-First: Breandán á Author-X-Name-Last: hUallacháin Title: Inventive Megaregions of the United States: Technological Composition and Location Abstract: Urban distinctiveness occurs in both technological and geographic space. This article explores spatial associations in the locational distribution of subcategories of patents across U.S. metropolitan areas. I converted patent counts to location quotients and used nonspatial methods to compare concentration levels of patents (Gini coefficients) and to identify groups of patents that tend to colocate (principal components analysis). The results show considerable variation in concentration levels and that nine groupings, entitled “technology components,” account for almost 68 percent of the variance in the distribution of the subcategories. Spatial analysis permits the exploration of spatial dependencies in each “technology component.” The results identify distinctive inventive regions that are termed inventive megaregions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 165-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01146.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01146.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:165-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose Author-X-Name-First: Andrés Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose Title: Trade and Regional Inequality Abstract: This article examines the relationship between openness and within-country regional inequality across 28 countries over the period 1975–2005. In particular, it tests whether increases in trade lead to rising inequalities, whether these inequalities recede in time, and whether increases in global trade affect the developed and developing worlds differently. Using static and dynamic panel data analysis, I found that while increases in trade per se do not lead to greater territorial polarization, in combination with certain country-specific conditions, trade has a positive and significant association with regional inequality. States with higher interregional differences in sectoral endowments, a lower share of governmental expenditures, and a combination of high internal transaction costs with a higher degree of coincidence between the regional income distribution and regional foreign market access positions have experienced the greatest rise in territorial inequality when exposed to greater trade flows. Hence, changes in trade regimes have a more polarizing and enduring effect in low- and middle-income countries whose structural features tend to enhance the trade-inequality effect and whose levels of internal spatial inequality are, on average, significantly higher than in high-income countries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-136 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01147.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01147.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:109-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mary Gilmartin Author-X-Name-First: Mary Author-X-Name-Last: Gilmartin Title: . By David Ley Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 223-224 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01148.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01148.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:223-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric P. Perramond Author-X-Name-First: Eric P. Author-X-Name-Last: Perramond Title: . By Karen Bakker Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01149.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01149.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:227-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jessie Poon Author-X-Name-First: Jessie Author-X-Name-Last: Poon Title: . By Jeffrey G. Williamson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 229-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01150.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01150.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:229-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Erratum Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-107 Issue: 2 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01153.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01153.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:2:p:107-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Klepeis Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Klepeis Author-Name: Colin Vance Author-X-Name-First: Colin Author-X-Name-Last: Vance Title: Neoliberal Policy and Deforestation in Southeastern Mexico: An Assessment of the PROCAMPO Program Abstract: A lingering question in economic geography is the degree to which there is a link between neoliberal policies and environmental degradation. Research is needed to relate such policies empirically to local-level decision making, both to evaluate their consequences and to contribute to an understanding of how cross-scalar dynamics drive processes of land-use change. This study examines the environmental impacts of a Mexican rural support program, referred to by its Spanish acronym, PROCAMPO, which was introduced in 1994 as part of a comprehensive agenda to liberalize the agricultural sector. Using both descriptive analyses of the study region’s political ecology and econometric modeling, we draw on a panel of farm-household data spanning 1986–1997 to assess the impact of PROCAMPO on land-use change in southeastern Mexico. The results indicate that the program has had the unintended effect of fostering deforestation and has led to an only modest increase in market production. These findings suggest that alternative mechanisms may be needed to achieve the market integration and agricultural modernization sought by neoliberal policies and that such policies may have to be restructured to avoid unintended environmental impacts. By connecting macro-level economic phenomena with regional and local environmental impacts, this study addresses the linkages of cross-scale human-environment interaction. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 221-240 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00210.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00210.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:221-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Glen Norcliffe Author-X-Name-First: Glen Author-X-Name-Last: Norcliffe Author-Name: Olivero Rendace Author-X-Name-First: Olivero Author-X-Name-Last: Rendace Title: New Geographies of Comic Book Production in North America: The New Artisan, Distancing, and the Periodic Social Economy Abstract: Current interpretations of North American cultural production stress the spatial concentration of these activities in metropolitan centers. There are, however, multiple geographies of cultural production, with other cultural activities deconcentrated and, in some cases, dispersed to distant locations. This situation poses an enigma, since these activities normally form part of a social economy in which networks of personal communication remain important. This paradox is explored using the case of the comic book industry, which has shifted from an in-house Fordist-like mode of organization to widespread distancing employing neoartisanal workers who are sometimes located close to the publishing houses, but in other instances are at considerable distances and hence require electronic communication and overnight courier services. Comic book artists often work in isolation but participate from time to time in social activities that are necessary to their creative work. Their work is seen as one of a number of cultural activities that form a periodic social economy with a distinctive time geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 241-263 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00211.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00211.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:241-263 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Author-Name: Jeffrey S. Boggs Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey S. Author-X-Name-Last: Boggs Title: Toward a Reconceptualization of Regional Development Paths: Is Leipzig’s Media Cluster a Continuation of or a Rupture with the Past? Abstract: This article develops a model of regional development that is then used to examine the evolution of two media industries in Leipzig, Germany. We note that the city’s current media cluster, centered on television/film production and interactive digital media, shares little in common with the city’s once-premier book publishing media cluster. Treating interactive learning as the primary causal mechanism that drives economic growth and change, our conceptual framework incorporates both sectoral/technological and political crises as mechanisms that rupture regional development paths. These regional development paths are not homogeneous, but instead consist of bundles of various technological trajectories. Regions recover from crises as their actors continually rebundle local assets until they find a combination that generates growth. As a result of these crises, new opportunities for growth may arise for new and previously marginal industries. In turn, these expanding industries shape the region’s development path. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 265-293 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00212.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00212.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:265-293 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. Cindy Fan Author-X-Name-First: C. Cindy Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Author-Name: Allen J. Scott Author-X-Name-First: Allen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Title: Industrial Agglomeration and Development: A Survey of Spatial Economic Issues in East Asia and a Statistical Analysis of Chinese Regions Abstract: In this article, we explore the issue of industrial agglomeration and its relationship to economic development and growth in the less-developed countries of East Asia. We present theoretical arguments and secondary empirical evidence as to why we should have strong expectations about finding a positive relationship between agglomeration and economic performance. We also review evidence from the literature on the roles of formal and informal institutions in East Asian regional economic systems. We then focus specifically on the case of China. We argue that regional development in China has much in common with regional development in other East Asian economies, although there are also important contrasts because of China’s history of socialism and its recent trend toward economic liberalization. Through a variety of statistical investigations, we substantiate (in part) the expected positive relationship between agglomeration and economic performance in China. We show that many kinds of manufacturing sectors are characterized by a strong positive relationship between spatial agglomeration and productivity. This phenomenon is especially marked in sectors and regions where liberalization has proceeded rapidly. We consider the relevance of our comments about industrial clustering and economic performance for policy formulation in China and the less-developed countries of East Asia. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 295-319 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00213.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00213.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:295-319 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yong-Sook Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yong-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Lean Production Systems, Labor Unions, and Greenfield Locations of the Korean New Auto Assembly Plants and Their Suppliers Abstract: This article investigates why Korean auto assembly firms introduced “lean production systems” and chose greenfield locations as their new flexible production sites in the 1990s. I show that labor unions are important actors that directly affect firms’ adoption and location strategies for lean production systems, by means of an analysis of Korean auto firms’ managerial and locational strategies in response to adversarial labor relations. Korean firms’ choice of greenfield locations for implementing lean production systems indicates that their desire to procure a malleable labor force is more important than proximity. Korean auto firms’ decisions to implement Japanese-style lean production systems and their choice of greenfield locations reflect conflicts between workers and managers. The findings in this article critique the existing literature in economic geography, which is devoid of discussions of workers and labor unions as active geographic agents, from the labor geography point of view. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 321-339 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00214.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00214.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:321-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tony Gatrell Author-X-Name-First: Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell Title: Book Review Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-342 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00215.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00215.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:341-342 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nancey Green Leigh Author-X-Name-First: Nancey Green Author-X-Name-Last: Leigh Title: Book Review Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 343-344 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00216.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00216.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:343-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Levinson Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Levinson Title: Book Review Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00217.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00217.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:3:p:345-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kathleen O’Reilly Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen Author-X-Name-Last: O’Reilly Title: “We Are Not Contractors”: Professionalizing the Interactive Service Work of NGOs in Rajasthan, India Abstract: Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have been much studied for the impacts of neoliberalization on their funding, procedures, and motivations. In this article, I use a case study from Rajasthan, India, to show how conflicts that have been generated by recent trends in development funding are taking a specific shape at the scale of NGO workplaces. A process of professionalization is occurring that is altering NGO-client interactions and the hiring priorities of NGOs. I use the framework of interactive service work to argue that previously close relationships between fieldworkers and clients have become shallow encounters, characterized by a relative interchangeability of provider and customer. The work of an NGO fieldworker has become deskilled and degraded. For the NGO I studied, deskilling brought about a rapid turnover of senior staff, who were replaced by low-paid, low-caste fieldworkers. The change in staff spurred the management of employees’ emotional labor as the NGO leaders attempted to generate the necessary emotional connections between fieldworkers and clients, so its contracted project could move forward successfully. Changes in the caste composition of staff, coupled with new labor processes in villages, also created tensions about the status of the NGO’s work as a social service. The research adds depth to previous studies of neoliberalism’s impact on service workers in the Global North and South and to the literature on the professionalization of development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 207-226 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01106.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01106.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:207-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julia Affolderbach Author-X-Name-First: Julia Author-X-Name-Last: Affolderbach Title: Environmental Bargains: Power Struggles and Decision Making over British Columbia’s and Tasmania’s Old-Growth Forests Abstract: Over the past few decades, conflicts over resources have increased in scale and intensity. They are frequently dominated by environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs) that fight, boycott, lobby, and negotiate with other interest groups to privilege nonindustrial, particularly environmental, values of resources. This article proposes an environmental bargaining framework to analyze the many and varied forms of interactions and processes through which ENGOs seek to change existing practices and decision structures. Drawing on political economy and political ecology approaches, environmental bargaining recognizes the importance of multiple perspectives, strategies of actors, and the regional context. Conceptually, the article interprets environmental conflicts along two dimensions: the distribution of power between actors and forms of interaction ranging from confrontational to collaborative. Examples from British Columbia, Canada, and Tasmania, Australia, reveal the value of comparative perspectives and the importance of the regional context that determines behavior and relationships between actors. While confrontational action has brought considerable change to Tasmania’s forests, the example from British Columbia suggests that collaborative forms of decision making that are based on a balance of power have more potential to protect environmental values and bring peace to the woods. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 181-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01107.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01107.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:181-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Suzanne Reimer Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Reimer Title: . By Linda McDowell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 229-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01108.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01108.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:229-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mila Freire Author-X-Name-First: Mila Author-X-Name-Last: Freire Title: . By Mario Polèse Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01109.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01109.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:231-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew P. Drennan Author-X-Name-First: Matthew P. Author-X-Name-Last: Drennan Title: . Edited by Charlie Karlsson, Borje Johansson and Roger R. Stough Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 233-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01110.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01110.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:233-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pádraig Carmody Author-X-Name-First: Pádraig Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody Title: . Edited by Vishnu Padayachee Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01111.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01111.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:227-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rikard H. Eriksson Author-X-Name-First: Rikard H. Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson Title: Localized Spillovers and Knowledge Flows: How Does Proximity Influence the Performance of Plants? Abstract: By means of a unique longitudinal database with information on all industrial plants and employees in the Swedish economy, this article analyzes how geographic proximity influences the impact of spillovers and knowledge flows on the growth in productivity of plants. Concerning the effects of spillovers, it shows that the density of economic activities contributes mainly to the performance of plants within a short distance and that the composition of economic activities is more influential farther away. Regarding the influence of the local industrial setup, proximity increases the need to be located near different, but related, industries, whereas increased distance implies a greater effect of intraindustry spillovers. The analyses also demonstrate that knowledge flows via the mobility of skilled labor are primarily a subregional phenomenon. Only inflows of skills that are related to the existing knowledge base of plants and come from fewer than 50 kilometers away have a positive effect on the performance of plants. Concerning outflows of skills, the results indicate that it is less harmful for a dispatching plant if a former employee remains within the local economy rather than leaves it for a job in another part of the national economy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 127-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01112.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01112.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:127-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Fritsch Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch Author-Name: Yvonne Schindele Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne Author-X-Name-Last: Schindele Title: The Contribution of New Businesses to Regional Employment—An Empirical Analysis Abstract: We investigated regional differences in the contribution of newly founded businesses to regional employment. The analysis was at the spatial level of West German planning regions for the period 1984–2002. We found pronounced differences for the employment contribution of new businesses across regions. Regression analyses of these differences show that the regional level of new business formation explains only a part of the employment effect. More important than the mere presence of startups is their quality in terms of their survival rate and growth rates. A large share of innovation activity in small businesses in a region, a high educational level of the regional workforce, and the wide availability of labor have a significantly positive impact. Our results suggest that the success of newcomers is not necessarily at the expense of incumbents but that the development of both kinds of businesses may be positively interlinked. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 153-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01113.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01113.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:153-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Emerging Themes in Economic Geography: Outcomes of the Economic Geography 2010 Workshop Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-126 Issue: 2 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01114.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01114.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:2:p:111-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael A. Stoll Author-X-Name-First: Michael A. Author-X-Name-Last: Stoll Author-Name: Steven Raphael Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Raphael Title: Racial Differences in Spatial Job Search Patterns: Exploring the Causes and Consequences Abstract: In this paper, we present an analysis of the spatial job search patterns of black, white, and Latino workers in Los Angeles. We find that blacks and Latinos tend to search in areas where employment growth is low, whereas whites tend to search in areas where it is high. Moreover, over half of the mean racial and ethnic differences in the quality of spatial job search (as measured by mean employment growth in areas searched) is explained by racial residential segregation. In addition, racial segregation is a more important explanation of racial differences in spatial job search quality than systematic differences in social networks and job search methods, though these factors matter. Spatial job search quality has a positive and significant effect on the employment of whites and blacks, but not Latinos, and explains nearly 40 percent of the difference between white and black employment rates. These results are consistent with the existence of spatial mismatch in urban labor markets and imply that racial residential segregation limits the job opportunities of blacks, and to a lesser extent Latinos, in metropolitan areas. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 201-223 Issue: 3 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00141.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00141.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:3:p:201-223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. A. Phelps Author-X-Name-First: N. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps Author-Name: C. Fuller Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Fuller Title: Multinationals, Intracorporate Competition, and Regional Development Abstract: In this paper we concentrate on a neglected process in the restructuring of multinational enterprises (MNEs) and the formation of spatial divisions of labor. Existing conceptions of interlocality competition for mobile investment and spatial divisions of labor center on the dynamics of new greenfield investment. We provide instead an exploratory analysis of interlocality competition centered on intracorpo-rate competition for repeat investment, broadly defined. We draw together diverse strands of literature to develop a simple taxonomy of types of intracorporate competition, exploring some of the implications of competition for successful MNE affiliates and their host localities. We go on to illustrate these ideas with reference to case studies of manufacturing affiliates of MNEs in an older industrial region of Wales. Although many of the repeat investments of MNEs are in principle contestable, the discussion and the case studies stress the difficulties faced by affiliates and localities at the periphery of spatial divisions of labor in winning, retaining, and benefiting from such investments. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 224-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00142.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00142.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:3:p:224-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joshua Muldavin Author-X-Name-First: Joshua Author-X-Name-Last: Muldavin Title: The Paradoxes of Environmental Policy and Resource Management in Reform-Era China Abstract: Over the last 5,000 years serious environmental problems—deforestation, desertification, erosion, and widespread pollution of air, land, and water—have prevailed throughout most of China, brought about by a diverse set of social and political contexts. In this paper I focus on an enduring contradiction associated with the post-1978 reforms, namely accelerated environmental resource degradation in rural areas amid unprecedented national economic growth. Declining entitlements to assets and social capital in China’s rural village populations are a crucial aspect of altered state-peasant relations, as these are increasingly mediated by the market during China’s transition to a hybrid economy. This has resulted in changing patterns of resource use, impacting both the environment and peasant livelihoods. A brief assessment of China’s postrevolutionary environmental policy and management practices provides the context for detailed case studies in Henan Province. These examples highlight the relationship between political-economic changes and environmental policy and management. Contrary to reform rhetoric, rural peasants’ embracing of reform policies does not necessarily optimize their welfare or promote sustainable use of resources. The case studies reveal alternative pathways for villages, ones that ought to be brought into the policy debate spotlight. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 244-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00143.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00143.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:3:p:244-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noel Castree Author-X-Name-First: Noel Author-X-Name-Last: Castree Title: Geographic Scale and Grass-Roots Internationalism: The Liverpool Dock Dispute, 1995–1998 Abstract: In the context of ongoing debates over the effects of “globalization” on organized labor and, specifically, recent experiments in labor internationalism, this paper examines the geography of the Liverpool dock dispute, 1995–98. The dispute has rarely been subject to a serious analysis of its causes and trajectory. This is surprising since it was not only the most protracted industrial dispute in recent British history but also the hub of a relatively novel form of transnational labor organizing: namely, a form of grass-roots internationalism organized largely outside the formal apparatuses of national and international unionism. In the paper I focus on the nature and dynamics of this “grass-roots internationalis” with a view to making two claims that have a wider thematic and theoretical relevance to the study of labor geographies. First, contrary to an emerging new orthodoxy in labor geography (and labor studies more generally), the Liverpool case in fact suggests that the necessity for labor to “up-scale” solidarity and struggle in the 1990s is much overstated. Second, the Liverpool case suggests that international labor organizing is only efficacious when considered in relation to two scales of struggle often thought increasingly irrelevant or ineffectual in a globalizing world: the local and the national. Thus, while those few analysts who have cited the Liverpool dispute, basing their assessments on secondhand knowledge, have held the dockers up as exemplars of a new form of labor internationalism, in this paper I suggest the need for a more complex and contingent appreciation of the multiscalar dynamics of labor struggles. In short, we have not yet reached the stage, even in a globalizing world, where labor’s “spatial fixes” must be preeminently supranational. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 272-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00144.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00144.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:3:p:272-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kavita Pandit Author-X-Name-First: Kavita Author-X-Name-Last: Pandit Author-Name: Margaret W. Pearce Author-X-Name-First: Margaret W. Author-X-Name-Last: Pearce Author-Name: Stephen S. Birdsall Author-X-Name-First: Stephen S. Author-X-Name-Last: Birdsall Author-Name: John Brohman Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Brohman Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 293-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00145.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00145.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:3:p:293-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Müller Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Müller Title: The Topological Multiplicities of Power: The Limits of Governing the Olympics Abstract: This article proposes that economic geography would benefit from a closer consideration of the topological multiplicities of power, that is, the multiple contending configurations of networks that make power a precarious accomplishment through creating constant overflows. It develops this argument by tracing how the circulation of knowledge in the preparation for the Olympic Games establishes sociomaterial networks that are meant to allow the International Olympic Committee to coordinate the organization of the event. On the basis of Bruno Latour’s concept of the oligopticon, the article develops a sociomaterial notion of power to govern at a distance that emerges through the triple movement of collecting and mobilizing information, casting it into stable intermediaries, and recirculating knowledge. At the same time, a parallel narrative considers how this power and its spatial reach remain always partial and are transformed by overflows as elements move in and out of networks and how forces outside the network bear on it, creating “absent presences.” Giving adequate attention to these topological multiplicities of sociomaterial networks offers an important counterweight to the dominant notion of stable social networks in economic geography and is particularly useful when analyzing the governance of projects and various other forms of ephemeral, distributed organizing. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 321-339 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12032 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12032 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:321-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter J. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Ben Derudder Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder Author-Name: James Faulconbridge Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Faulconbridge Author-Name: Michael Hoyler Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Hoyler Author-Name: Pengfei Ni Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei Author-X-Name-Last: Ni Title: Advanced Producer Service Firms as Strategic Networks, Global Cities as Strategic Places Abstract: Sassen’s identification of global cities as “strategic places” is explored through world city network analysis. This involves searching out advanced producer service (APS) firms that constitute “strategic networks,” from whose activities strategic places can be defined. Twenty-five out of 175 APS firms are found to be strategic, and from their office networks, 45 cities out of 526 are designated as strategic places. A measure of “strategicness” of cities is devised, and individual findings from this are discussed by drawing on existing literature about how APS firms use specific cities. A key finding shows that New York and London have different levels of strategicness, and this is related to the former’s innovation prowess and the latter’s role in global consumption of services. Other cases of strategicness discussed in terms of the balance between production and consumption of APSs are Beijing, Hong Kong, and Shanghai; Palo Alto; Mexico City; Johannesburg; and Dubai and Frankfurt. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 267-291 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12040 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12040 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:267-291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Haberly Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Haberly Title: White Knights from the Gulf: Sovereign Wealth Fund Investment and the Evolution of German Industrial Finance Abstract: The period leading up to and following the global financial crisis has been characterized by rising global financial diversity and multipolarity, a process underscored by the growth of so-called sovereign wealth funds (SWFs). To date there has not been any systematic examination of the interactions between this rising global financial diversity and national economic institutional diversity. Here I apply an institutional “comparative capitalisms” perspective to the analysis of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) SWF investment in German industry since the onset of the global financial crisis. The evidence demonstrates that a growing number of German industrial firms—particularly the major automotive firms at the heart of German industry—have recruited long-term GCC SWF investment as an adaptive response to the stresses of financial restructuring, most importantly the appearance of hostile takeovers as a feature of the German corporate governance landscape. These patterns lend partial support to “varieties of capitalism” (VOC) arguments that institutional complementarity and comparative institutional advantage are likely to produce path dependent trajectories of national institutional evolution. They also lend partial support to critiques of VOC, emphasizing, on the one hand, the importance of the Polanyian “double movement” of market expansion and containment and, on the other, the transnational foundations of national institutional diversity. I conclude that to fully explain these patterns, both VOC theories of institutional complementarity and comparative advantage, and Polanyian theories of the double movement, must be grounded in a “generalized Darwinian” analysis of population-level selection dynamics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 293-320 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12047 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12047 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:293-320 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Matté Hartog Author-X-Name-First: Matté Author-X-Name-Last: Hartog Title: Merger and Acquisition Activity as Driver of Spatial Clustering: The Spatial Evolution of the Dutch Banking Industry, 1850–1993 Abstract: This article investigates the extent to which merger and acquisition (M&A) activity contributed to the spatial clustering of the Dutch banking industry in Amsterdam. This analysis is based on a unique database of all banks in the Netherlands that existed in the period 1850–1993. We found that spatial clustering of the Dutch banking industry was not driven by the fact that banks performed better in the Amsterdam region: being located in Amsterdam decreased rather than increased the survival chances of banks. However, banks in Amsterdam were disproportionally active in acquiring other banks outside Amsterdam. Experience in M&As accumulated mainly in the Amsterdam region, which in turn had a positive impact on the survival chances of banks located there. Our findings suggest that M&A activity was a driving force behind the spatial clustering of the Dutch banking industry between 1850 and 1993. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 247-266 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12054 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12054 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:247-266 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Martin Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: . By Michael Storper Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-344 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12058 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12058 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:341-344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Russell Prince Author-X-Name-First: Russell Author-X-Name-Last: Prince Title: . By Joshua Barkan Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 345-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12059 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12059 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:345-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sean M. Crotty Author-X-Name-First: Sean M. Author-X-Name-Last: Crotty Title: . By Marc Doussard Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 347-348 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12060 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12060 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:347-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jody Beck Author-X-Name-First: Jody Author-X-Name-Last: Beck Title: . By Matthew Huber Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 349-350 Issue: 3 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12061 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12061 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:3:p:349-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amy Glasmeier Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Glasmeier Author-Name: Bjørn Asheim Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim Author-Name: Henry Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Author-Name: David Angel Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Angel Title: Editors’ Note Trying Out New Things Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 127-128 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00262.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00262.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:127-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: Economic Sociologies in Space Abstract: How might economic geography (re)position itself within the interdisciplinary field of heterodox economics? Reflecting on this question, this article offers a critical assessment of the “New Economic Sociology,” making the case for moving beyond the limited confines of the networks-and-embeddedness paradigm. More specifically, it argues for a more broadly based and purposive conversation with various currents within social-constructivist and macroeconomic sociology, which, in turn, calls for a more full-blooded critique of market relations and analytics and a more militant attitude toward economic orthodoxies. The promise of such a conversation, strategically focused on the simultaneously social and geographic constitution of economic relations, is an emboldened economic geography with a more persuasive voice in the field of heterodox economic studies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 129-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00263.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00263.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:129-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dominique M. Duval-Diop Author-X-Name-First: Dominique M. Author-X-Name-Last: Duval-Diop Author-Name: John R. Grimes Author-X-Name-First: John R. Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes Title: Tales from Two Deltas: Catfish Fillets, High-Value Foods, and Globalization Abstract: This article examines two places of catfish production, the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam and the Mississippi River Delta of the United States, and uses the concept of globalization to illustrate how these distant places have been brought into competition and how this competition is mediated. Bringing these deltas together is a similar commitment to an economic development strategy that is based on catfish production, a desire to gain access to wealthy consumers who are willing to purchase this high-value food item, and processing and transportation technologies that allow this perishable product to be made more “durable” and to be shipped great distances. Mediating this relationship are consumers’ preferences, product labeling, and the U.S. state. This case study illustrates the heterogeneous outcomes of globalization as these deltas are brought into a relationship that, in some ways, is closer than their absolute distance may indicate. The “backlash” forces, such as nontariff trade barriers, nationalism, and a still-powerful state (as both a regulator and consumer), characterize these globalizations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 177-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00264.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00264.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:177-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Kenney Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Kenney Author-Name: Donald Patton Author-X-Name-First: Donald Author-X-Name-Last: Patton Title: Entrepreneurial Geographies: Support Networks in Three High-Technology Industries Abstract: Using a unique database derived from prospectuses for U.S. initial public stock offerings, we examine the location of four actors (the firm’s lawyers, the venture capitalists on the board of directors, the other members of the board of directors, and the lead investment banker) of the entrepreneurial support network for startup firms in three high-technology industries: semiconductors, telecommunications equipment, and biotechnology. We demonstrate that the economic geography of the biotechnology support network differs significantly from the networks in semiconductors and telecommunications equipment. Biotechnology has a far-more-dispersed entrepreneurial support network structure than do the two electronics-related industries. The case of biotechnology indicates that if the source of seeds for new firms is highly dispersed, then an industry may not experience the path-dependent clustering suggested by geographers. We argue that contrary to common belief, biotechnology and its support network do not exhibit as great a clustering as do semiconductors and telecommunications equipment and their support networks. This argument leads to an epistemological issue, namely, the lack of interindustry comparative work. This is an odd omission, since nearly all authors agree that industries are based on particular knowledge bases, yet few consider that the knowledge and the sources of it may have an impact on spatial distributions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 201-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00265.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00265.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:201-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kevin Hewison Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Hewison Title: . By Jim Glassman Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 229-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00266.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00266.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:229-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Title: . By David R. Meyer Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00267.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00267.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:231-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ines M. Miyares Author-X-Name-First: Ines M. Author-X-Name-Last: Miyares Title: . By William A. V. Clark Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 233-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00268.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00268.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:2:p:233-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Lindner Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Lindner Title: Creativity Policy: Conserving Neoliberalism’s Other in a Market Assemblage? Abstract: More than ten years of intensive academic discussion about the creative-industries script have brought about several dominant lines of critique, among which the neoliberal character of creativity policy and its related modes of governance are probably the most prominent. This article embarks on a critique of critique, whose aim is not to question this argument in general, but first, to reflect on its prerogatives, and second, to acknowledge that the relationship between a political–economic script and the techniques of governance into which it is translated are often more polymorphous than is assumed in much critical economic geographic work. I use the establishment of an agency for the procurement of studios and offices in Frankfurt, Germany, as an empirical example, and the four heuristic dimensions of articulation, representation, practices, and effects/projects as perspectives from which to grasp and map the heterogeneous effects of technologies of governance in the field of creativity policy. Reflecting on this example, I argue that market assemblages that aim to incorporate neoliberalism’s Other can paradoxically conserve it and create grounds for new forms and positions of critique from the inside. This surely holds particularly true for the creative industries, with their peculiar forms of work organization, but it is also a general and often neglected implication of assemblage thinking that is becoming increasingly important in economic geography more broadly. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 97-117 Issue: 2 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1403850 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1403850 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:2:p:97-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Desiree Fields Author-X-Name-First: Desiree Author-X-Name-Last: Fields Title: Constructing a New Asset Class: Property-led Financial Accumulation after the Crisis Abstract: This article is concerned with new modes of property-led financial accumulation emerging in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. Focusing on the United States, the article traces the creation of an asset class derived from securitizing the rental income of foreclosed homes turned rental properties. The study strategically combines conceptual agendas often pursued separately. Theories of market formation rooted in science and technology studies inform the method of analysis so as to attend to the work of realizing markets, the role of calculative devices in market formation, and the contingent and conditional aspects of markets. This analysis reveals the single-family rental (SFR) asset class as a practical accomplishment. However, a broader framework rooted in political economy is necessary to attend to the broader significance of the SFR asset class in terms of power, politics, and the dynamics of capital accumulation. The article particularly focuses upon the historical and geographic contingencies making it possible to conceive of a large-scale SFR market, the work of state and capital market actors in reframing repossessed single-family homes as rental properties and the role calculative practices played in this process, and the strategies of issuers and credit rating agencies to frame a novel asset class for institutional investors. The SFR asset class affirms the fundamental role for housing in the ideology of capital, and speaks to new entanglements of financial actors and home life as financial accumulation is adjusted to the postcrisis context. Beyond shedding light on postcrisis housing financialization, the article demonstrates how economic geographers can carefully integrate theoretical perspectives to critically examine both the circumstances of market formation and the social, spatial, and political consequences of markets. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 118-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1397492 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1397492 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:2:p:118-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Petr Pavlínek Author-X-Name-First: Petr Author-X-Name-Last: Pavlínek Title: Global Production Networks, Foreign Direct Investment, and Supplier Linkages in the Integrated Peripheries of the Automotive Industry Abstract: This article examines the regional development effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the integrated peripheries of the automotive industry by analyzing supplier linkages between foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms. It develops the spatial concept of integrated peripheries in core-based macroregional production networks. Conceptually, it draws on the dynamic notion of uneven development in contemporary capitalism, namely, on David Harvey’s spatiotemporal fix and on the global production networks concept of strategic coupling to investigate the mode of articulation of integrated peripheries into macro-regional production networks. Empirically, it analyzes the quantity and quality of supplier linkages in the automotive industry of Slovakia based on unique data collected by the author from both foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms through a survey completed by 133 automotive firms in 2010 and interviews with 50 automotive firms conducted between 2011 and 2015. The empirical analysis uncovered weak and dependent supplier linkages between foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms, which undermine the potential for technology and knowledge transfer from foreign subsidiaries to the domestic economy and positive long-term regional development effects of large FDI by automotive industry corporations in integrated peripheries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 141-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1393313 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1393313 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:2:p:141-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sophie Webber Author-X-Name-First: Sophie Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Author-Name: Carolyn Prouse Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn Author-X-Name-Last: Prouse Title: The New Gold Standard: The Rise of Randomized Control Trials and Experimental Development Abstract: Development economics and institutions have a new gold standard: the randomized control trial (RCT). An RCT is an evaluation technique that draws from experimental design in order to measure the impact of a development project. Due to randomization—randomly distributing people or communities to receive either control or treatment—advocates suggest that it is possible to measure the impact of an intervention, and attribute a causal relationship between the intervention and its outcome. As such, proponents claim that RCTs are able to get to the heart of what really works for development interventions. This article charts the rise of RCTs within two major development institutions: the World Bank and the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Drawing from fieldwork at these two institutions, we follow RCTs as a technology of development, finding that they take divergent forms at each of the institutions. The article examines the contested and uneven paths of RCTs as they have proliferated throughout development economics scholarship and practice, and teases out the new problems, subjects, spaces, and governance regimes of development that RCTs engender. We build on existing economic geography research concerned with the rise of behavioralism within development. By centering the methodology of RCTs, we find institutional and geographic variation as well as a reconfiguration of development governance through experimentation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 166-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1392235 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1392235 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:2:p:166-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markus Steen Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Steen Author-Name: Gard Hopsdal Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Gard Hopsdal Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Barriers to Path Creation: The Case of Offshore Wind Power in Norway Abstract: Although economic geography has made considerable progress in explaining the emergence of new industrial development paths, a number of issues have yet to be sufficiently explored. The purpose of this article is to contribute to economic geography research on path creation by developing a conceptual framework that specifies key conditions and reinforcing mechanisms for path creation, on the one hand, and barriers to the materialization of such conditions and mechanisms, on the other hand. As such, the framework moves beyond firm-centric perspectives and argues that path creation needs to be understood as a collective endeavor incorporating both firm and nonfirm actors. By implication, this necessitates an understanding of the broader contexts that shape path creation processes, including how the dynamics of an emerging path are affected by the dynamics of established paths. The authors employ this framework to analyze Norway’s offshore wind power (OWP) industry. Their analysis reveals that an initial enabling context for OWP path creation turned into more constrained conditions. Similar to findings from a number of other studies, they identify branching between related sectors as a primary path creation mechanism. However, they find that this mechanism is vulnerable to shifting contextual conditions, which for various reasons resulted in the studied emerging path losing resources and legitimacy, thus implying potential negative path interdependence. The authors also identify barriers to path creation in the institutional environment, particularly in terms of lack of policy coherence in support for key resource formation processes that are pivotal for path creation processes to generate sustained momentum. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 188-210 Issue: 2 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1416953 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1416953 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:2:p:188-210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Wright Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Title: Cultivating Beyond-Capitalist Economies Abstract: Conceptualizations of the economy as diverse and multiple have garnered increased attention in economic geography in recent years. Against the debilitating mantra of TINA (there is no alternative), these conceptualizations use an ontology of proliferation to insist that many viable and vital alternatives to capitalism do, in fact, exist. I aim to contribute to this project with a close reading of the diverse formal and informal economic practices associated with the village of Puno in the Philippines. In doing so, I respond to calls for work that begins in the majority world and that focuses on the broader political project associated with diverse economies. Research in this area has frequently been critiqued for not paying sufficient attention to the unstable yet persistent exclusions that may endure in, and may even be enhanced by, alternative economies. With this article, I aim to investigate the ways that power relations work through the diverse economies of Puno and the ways that residents act to transform these relations. In doing so, I draw on the experiences of three residents of Puno and their involvement in three social movement organizations. I find that the economy is usefully understood as a site of struggle in which residents work to redefine themselves and the economy. The diverse spaces of their economic lives are neither strictly alternative nor mainstream, inherently oppressive nor radical. Rather, the people of Puno are engaged in willfully cultivating spaces-beyond-capitalism through which they transform the very meaning of economic practice. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 297-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01074.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01074.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:297-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew R. Goetz Author-X-Name-First: Andrew R. Author-X-Name-Last: Goetz Title: . By Jean-Paul Rodriguez, Claude Comtois and Brian Slack Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 321-322 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01075.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01075.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:321-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yehua Dennis Wei Author-X-Name-First: Yehua Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Title: . Edited by Xiangming Chen Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 319-320 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01076.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01076.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:319-320 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Weber Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Weber Title: Selling City Futures: The Financialization of Urban Redevelopment Policy Abstract: This article examines the specific mechanisms that have allowed global financial markets to penetrate deeply into the activities of U.S. cities. A flood of yield-seeking capital poured into municipal debt instruments in the late 1990s, but not all cities or instruments were equally successful in attracting it. Capital gravitated toward those local governments that could readily convert the income streams of public assets into new financial instruments and that could minimize the risk of nonpayment due to the actions of nonfinancial claimants. This article follows the case of Chicago from 1996 through 2007 as the city government subsidized development projects with borrowed money using a once-obscure instrument called Tax Increment Financing (TIF). TIF allows municipalities to bundle and sell off the rights to future property tax revenues from designated parts of the city. The City of Chicago improved the appearance of these speculative instruments by segmenting and sequencing TIF debt instruments in ways that made them look less idiosyncratic and by exerting strong political control over the processes of development and property tax assessment. In doing so, Chicago not only attracted billions of dollars in global capital but also contributed to a dangerous oversupply of commercial real estate. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 251-274 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01077.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01077.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:251-274 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Allen J. Scott Author-X-Name-First: Allen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Title: Space-Time Variations of Human Capital Assets Across U.S. Metropolitan Areas, 1980 to 2000 Abstract: This article examines the changing structure of human capital in U.S. metropolitan regions from 1980 to 2000. Data are drawn from the Dictionary of Occupational Titles and from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Intensive empirical investigation leads to three main conclusions. First, forms of human capital in the United States are becoming more oriented to labor tasks that call for cognitive-cultural skills. Second, cognitive-cultural skills are accumulating most intensively in large metropolitan areas. Third, physical or practical forms of human capital are increasingly being relegated to smaller metropolitan areas. That said, important residues of human capital, focused on physical or practical tasks, remain a durable element of the economies of large metropolitan areas. I offer a brief theoretical explanation of these results. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 233-249 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01078.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01078.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:233-249 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Author-Name: Csaba Burger Author-X-Name-First: Csaba Author-X-Name-Last: Burger Title: Listing BRICs: Stock Issuers from Brazil, Russia, India, and China in New York, London, and Luxembourg Abstract: In the past decade, hundreds of companies from emerging markets have listed their shares on American and European stock markets. Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) are the main countries of origin of issuers, and stock exchanges in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Luxembourg are the main destinations involved in the process. We use a comprehensive data set for these home and host markets for the end of 2008 to explore the intensity of foreign listings, the subnational geography of cross-listed firms, and the destinations of foreign listings. Cross-listing firms tend to be relatively large and come from capital-intensive, export-oriented, and high-growth sectors. Trading links with and industrial specialization of the host markets affect the choice of destination markets. These patterns, however, are not universal across countries. There is a high concentration of cross-listed firms in the leading financial centers of the BRIC countries, particularly in Russia and Brazil. Firms outside of the leading centers rarely cross-list, and when they do, they enter second-tier host markets. While BRIC countries have a large potential for further foreign listings, the process remains politically sensitive. Our results highlight the shortcomings of the literature on cross-listing in economics and the significance of the cross-listing phenomenon to future research in financial geographies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 275-296 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01079.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01079.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:275-296 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ludger Basten Author-X-Name-First: Ludger Author-X-Name-Last: Basten Title: . Written and edited by Peter Hall and Kathy Pain Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 323-324 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01080.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01080.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:323-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen Lawton Smith Author-X-Name-First: Helen Lawton Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: . Edited by Attila Varga Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 327-329 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01081.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01081.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:327-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Desrochers Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Desrochers Title: . Edited by Silvia Sacchetti and Roger Sugden Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 325-326 Issue: 3 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01082.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01082.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:3:p:325-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon M. Winder Author-X-Name-First: Gordon M. Author-X-Name-Last: Winder Title: Building Trust and Managing Business Over Distance: A Geography of Reaper Manufacturer D. S. Morgan’s Correspondence, 1867 Abstract: How did mid-nineteenth-century manufacturers establish trust and manage business affairs over long distance? The 1867 correspondence of a senior partner in a small reaper manufacturing company offers insights into the geography of nineteenth-century business networks and trust. Dayton Morgan managed key reaper patents, sales agents, and personal business. His letters reveal business relations with lawyers, bankers, brokers, manufacturers, politicians, some employees, agents, and dealers. Both the geographic spread of this correspondence and of his railroad travel are remarkable. Although New York bankers and lawyers in New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago dominate his address list, Morgan corresponded widely. He also made repeated trips to Chicago and New York to meet with agents. Personal connections and face-to-face meetings backed much of the correspondence, but so did legal contracts. Thus Morgan combined process-, characteristic-, and institutional-based modes of trust production. From his base in a small town, Morgan organized a variety of networks, using railway and postal services. Through his network activity he made every part of the network “local.” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 95-121 Issue: 2 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00157.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00157.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:2:p:95-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Glassman Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Glassman Title: Economic Crisis in Asia: The Case of Thailand Abstract: The economic crisis in Asia has been analyzed by neoliberal and neo-Weberian scholars as a financial crisis, with the neoliberals asserting that its causes are internal to the countries in question, the neo-Weberians asserting the causes to be external. This paper offers an alternative, Marxian explanation of the crisis, focusing on the outbreak of the crisis in Thailand. Using Harvey’s ideas about capitalist crises and capital switching, along with conceptions of crisis dynamics in peripheral societies based in the works of economic geographers and dependent development theorists, I argue that the crisis in Thailand was a fully economic crisis involving all circuits of the economy, linking domestic and international accumulation processes, and stemming in part from struggles over appropriation of the surplus. In order to demonstrate this, I analyze the crisis in Thailand at both national and international scales and show that it was rooted in declining profitability of manufacturing in a context of increased global export competition and overcapacity. This context created the strong likelihood of economic downturn throughout the region, with Thailand falling first because of its specific liabilities, and other countries being pulled into the maelstrom of devaluation through financial contagion effects. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 122-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00158.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00158.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:2:p:122-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Odland Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Odland Author-Name: Mark Ellis Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis Title: Changes in the Inequality of Earnings for Young Men in Metropolitan Labor Markets, 1979–1989: The Effects of Declining Wages and Sectoral Shifts within an Efficiency Wage Framework Abstract: Inequality in the earnings of young men with different educational backgrounds has grown rapidly in the United States in recent years, but the growth of inequality has varied widely across different metropolitan labor markets. We examine the increasing inequality of earnings among young men in the largest metropolitan areas of the United States for the 1979–1989 period and develop explanations for the growth of inequality that involve shifts of employment from highly paid to poorly paid sectors and declines in earnings within sectors. Our explanations depend on the logic of efficiency wage models. Efficiency wage models allow wages to include noncompetitive premiums that may differ across industries and regions because of differences in production conditions. This makes it possible for the real wages of identically qualified workers to differ across industries and regions, even at equilibrium. Shifts in the employment of less-educated young men from well-paid to poorly paid sectors (such as manufacturing to services) accounted for only minor portions of the growth of inequality. Most of the growth of inequality resulted from declining earnings within sectors, especially in those sectors and metropolitan areas where earnings for less-educated young men were highest in 1979, relative to the earnings of young men with more education. This pattern of earnings declining most rapidly in sectors and cities where they had been highest also accounts for much of the variation in the growth of inequality across metropolitan areas and is consistent with the demise of efficiency wage premiums that were previously available in particular industries and localities. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 148-179 Issue: 2 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00159.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00159.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:2:p:148-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Annapurna Shaw Author-X-Name-First: Annapurna Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw Author-Name: Kavita Pandit Author-X-Name-First: Kavita Author-X-Name-Last: Pandit Title: The Geography of Segmentation of Informal Labor Markets: The Case of Motor Vehicle Repair in Calcutta Abstract: Although the informal sector has been the subject of enormous academic interest since the mid-1970s, one topic that has received relatively little scholarly attention is the spatial dynamics of informal sector activities and their labor markets. Our study examines the processes giving rise to the spatial segmentation of informal labor markets using a case study of motor vehicle repair workers in two areas of Calcutta. Our findings indicate that location within the metropolitan area has a major influence on the demand and supply of labor as well as remuneration. Labor market contrasts between the older, congested parts of the city and the urban periphery in turn influence the scale and form of the organization of work. Second, spatial segmentation is reinforced through place-based interactions between employers and employees. Third, a young labor force socialized in rural and semirural areas forms a low-earning segment of the metropolitan labor market. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 180-196 Issue: 2 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00160.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00160.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:2:p:180-196 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Haripriya Rangan Author-X-Name-First: Haripriya Author-X-Name-Last: Rangan Author-Name: Thomas D. Boswell Author-X-Name-First: Thomas D. Author-X-Name-Last: Boswell Author-Name: Yuko Aoyama Author-X-Name-First: Yuko Author-X-Name-Last: Aoyama Author-Name: Yong-Sook Lee Author-X-Name-First: Yong-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Gardiner Barnum Author-X-Name-First: Gardiner Author-X-Name-Last: Barnum Author-Name: Frans Boekema Author-X-Name-First: Frans Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 197-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00161.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00161.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:2:p:197-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trina Hamilton Author-X-Name-First: Trina Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton Title: Beyond Market Signals: Negotiating Marketplace Politics and Corporate Responsibilities Abstract: In the face of stiff resistance to their legislative efforts in national and multilateral arenas, nongovernmental organizations, unions, and others are engaging in marketplace politics to press their social and environmental concerns. While important criticisms of market-based regulation abound, recent research has suggested that this form of politics is not restricted to simple market signals or a singular market logic, so the question of what drives corporate responsiveness remains. Drawing on a statistical analysis of a large data set of marketplace campaigns and in-depth interviews with campaign proponents, consultants, and targeted executives, this article proposes a relational framework for understanding marketplace politics, situating campaign strategies in relation to targeted firms’ brand vulnerabilities and corporate social responsibility (CSR) “absorptive capacity,” on the one hand, and parallel actions of key intermediaries—including investment advisory firms and pioneering competitors—on the other hand. I argue that it is influential minorities of consumers, investors, and intermediaries—often in dialogue with targeted executives—who create change, rather than majority, arm’s length market movements. Overall, this research enhances the multiplicity of recent case studies by identifying common opportunities and barriers for marketplace politics and contributes to the burgeoning literature within economic geography that is redrawing the boundaries of corporate CSR decision making and capacity building. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 285-307 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12005 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12005 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:285-307 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Edgington Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Edgington Author-Name: Roger Hayter Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Hayter Title: The In Situ Upgrading of Japanese Electronics Firms in Malaysian Industrial Clusters Abstract: The ability of clusters generated by direct foreign investment (DFI) in emerging economies to generate sustained, value-added growth is a matter of controversy. This article assesses this debate with reference to the role of Japanese electronics multinational corporations (MNCs) in the development of clusters in Malaysia. Conceptually, we present a typology of DFI-generated industrial clusters that represent increasing degrees of commitment to local value creation and upgrading. Empirically, we conducted a survey of 10 Japanese firms in Malaysia that examined whether or not their factories increased technological upgrading, increasingly embedded their operations through using local skilled labor and supply firms, and responded positively to national policies and cluster-governance measures supporting the electronics industry. We found that Japanese firms had clearly moved beyond simple assembly-based to embedded clustering but had not progressed further to technology-intensive behavior because of the poor technological environment in Malaysia, as well as Japanese MNCs’ strategies that depend on technology from headquarters. Nonetheless, Japanese MNCs were sufficiently embedded in Malaysia to upgrade production to digital consumer products, and semiconductor assembly has flourished, warding off competition from China and low-cost locations in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. At the end of the study period, Malaysia remained an attractive location for Japanese electronics MNCs. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12007 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12007 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:227-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carolyn J. Hatch Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn J. Author-X-Name-Last: Hatch Title: Competitiveness by Design: An Institutionalist Perspective on the Resurgence of a “Mature” Industry in a High-Wage Economy Abstract: In the midst of the widespread, long-term economic downturn throughout the Canadian manufacturing landscape, the contract (or office) furniture sector has demonstrated resilience and vibrancy. The study reported here investigated the institutional foundations of innovation and competitive advantage in this dynamic, design-led, export-oriented manufacturing sector. It connects to ongoing work in economic geography and the social sciences to enhance economic geographers’ understanding of the role of institutions in shaping the practices of firms and competitive outcomes and seeks to advance a more agency-centered institutionalist economic geography. The study focused on three dimensions of industrial practices: (1) the use of training and investments in technology, (2) the nature of employment relations, and (3) the use of design. The analysis reveals that the most globally competitive firms operating in a Canadian institutional context prosper by learning a set of production practices and the value of design-intensive products from the embodied knowledge of their founders, who have lived, studied and worked in high-wage, coordinated market economies of continental Europe. The ability of these entrepreneurs to transfer industrial knowledge from continental Europe to Canada has had direct benefits for learning and innovation processes that are critical to the synthetic knowledge base of this sector. The empirical analysis entails a sector wide survey questionnaire (N = 220) as well as 55 in-depth interviews with senior managers, production workers, and designers from a subset of leading firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 261-284 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12009 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12009 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:261-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jason P. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Jason P. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Dayton M. Lambert Author-X-Name-First: Dayton M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lambert Author-Name: Raymond J. G. M. Florax Author-X-Name-First: Raymond J. G. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Florax Title: The Birth, Death, and Persistence of Firms: Creative Destruction and the Spatial Distribution of U.S. Manufacturing Establishments, 2000–2006 Abstract: This article deals with the dynamics of the U.S. manufacturing sector, analyzing the birth, death, and ongoing existence of firms in the beginning of the twenty-first century. Schumpeter’s notion of creative destruction is hypothesized to explain the spatiotemporal dynamics of the distribution of manufacturing establishments. We implemented a partial adjustment model that accounts for spillover effects between counties, unknown forms of heteroskedasticity, and spatial autocorrelation. The steady-state equilibrium birth and death rates converged to 6.8 percent and 6.1 percent per year, respectively, during the 2000–06 period. We found that firm birth and death were not decisively affected by a creative destruction process during that period, but firm birth and death positively affect the survival (or persistence) rate of single-unit manufacturing firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 203-226 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12014 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12014 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:203-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoff Mann Author-X-Name-First: Geoff Author-X-Name-Last: Mann Title: . By Andrew Cumbers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 309-310 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12018 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12018 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:309-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Madden Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Madden Title: . By John Rennie Short Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 311-312 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12019 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12019 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:311-312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William G. Moseley Author-X-Name-First: William G. Author-X-Name-Last: Moseley Title: . By Pádraig Carmody Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 313-314 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12020 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12020 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:313-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bas van Heur Author-X-Name-First: Bas Author-X-Name-Last: van Heur Title: . Edited by Marina van Geenhuizen and Peter Nijkamp Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 315-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12021 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12021 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:3:p:315-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dominic Power Author-X-Name-First: Dominic Author-X-Name-Last: Power Title: “Cultural Industries” in Sweden: An Assessment of their Place in the Swedish Economy Abstract: This article attempts to define and measure cultural industries in Sweden. It starts with a discussion of the definition and delineation of the term “cultural industries,” arguing that a large range of goods and services can be considered culture industry products and that it is important to place the production and exchange of such products in the context of an industrial systems approach. The concept is then operationalized using Swedish data on employment and the activity of firms. The results suggest that the overall growth in both employment and the number of firms has been especially strong in the cultural industries. However, the number of active firms has been growing at a much faster pace than employment in these industries, indicating a quickly changing business environment. With regard to regional dimensions, Swedish cultural industries have a strong attraction to urban areas but an even stronger propensity to agglomerate. It is suggested that the spatial dynamics observed may be key to the development of the industries’ competencies and success. In summary, the article presents the results of an extensive data analysis that found that cultural industries make an important contribution to the Swedish economy and labor market. It concludes by suggesting issues that need further quantitative and qualitative study. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 103-127 Issue: 2 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00180.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00180.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:2:p:103-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elvin K. Wyly Author-X-Name-First: Elvin K. Author-X-Name-Last: Wyly Author-Name: Steven R. Holloway Author-X-Name-First: Steven R. Author-X-Name-Last: Holloway Title: The Disappearance of Race in Mortgage Lending Abstract: In the past 25 years, housing researchers, governmental regulators, industry advocates, and community activists have all relied on a unified analytical infrastructure that was developed in the 1970s to monitor racial and geographic inequalities in U.S. housing markets. Since the mid-1990s, however, several developments in the housing finance sector have undermined a key element of this system: data collected under the auspices of the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975. The second-largest racial-ethnic group among mortgage loan applicants is now officially designated as “information not provided.” In this article, we analyze the causes and geography of this disappearance and its consequences for civil rights enforcement, academic research on redlining and discrimination, and community activism. Our analysis is simultaneously a cautionary narrative of the steady erosion of a valuable public data system and a strategic intervention intended to salvage the empirical contributions of the data for interdisciplinary research, community right-to-know purposes, and public policy development. Using Atlanta, Georgia, as a case study, we marshal a suite of multivariate techniques to disentangle the geographic, individual, and institutional factors responsible for the rise in unreported applications. We also devise a simple method to estimate the “true” racial and ethnic composition of the pool of unknown applicants. The contributions of this endeavor are mediated by the political and epistemological problems of racialization and categorical reification. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 129-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00181.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00181.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:2:p:129-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valentina Mazzucato Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzucato Author-Name: David Niemeijer Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Niemeijer Title: Population Growth and the Environment in Africa: Local Informal Institutions, the Missing Link Abstract: Population and environment debates regarding Africa, whether Malthusian or Boserupian in nature, focus on population levels as the driving force behind the relationship between environment and society. This article argues, instead, that how people adjust to their rise in numbers is more important than are population levels. It focuses on the role of local informal institutions, such as land tenure systems, but also on customs, norms, and networks, and their change over time in mediating the relationship between people and the environment. The article is based on fieldwork conducted between 1995 and 1998 in the Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian zones of Africa, as well as on a review of colonial documents pertaining to the area written in the first half of the twentieth century. The article concludes that adaptations made to local, informal institutions within the past century have enabled an environmentally sustainable land use within the context of a rising population and growing scarcity of natural resources. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 171-193 Issue: 2 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00182.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00182.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:2:p:171-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tim Reiffenstein Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Reiffenstein Author-Name: Roger Hayter Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Hayter Author-Name: David W. Edgington Author-X-Name-First: David W. Author-X-Name-Last: Edgington Title: Crossing Cultures, Learning to Export: Making Houses in British Columbia for Consumption in Japan Abstract: In this article, trade is conceptualized as a cultural as well as an economic and political process. In this view, exporting connects market intelligence with production intelligence on either side of national, typically cultural, borders. These connections frequently imply alternative, mutually influencing, forms of communication and learning that have various implications for local development. A model of relational market intelligence is outlined as a way of understanding this dimension of exporting. The model integrates production and market intelligence while emphasizing alternative pathways of learning and communication. It is applied to the newly emergent trade that features the export of houses from British Columbia to Japan. Within an extended case-study research design framework, information is based on interviews with manufacturing firms and related organizations in British Columbia. Implications for local development in British Columbia are noted. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 195-219 Issue: 2 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00183.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00183.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:2:p:195-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wolfgang Hoeschele Author-X-Name-First: Wolfgang Author-X-Name-Last: Hoeschele Title: The Wealth of Nations at the Turn of the Millennium: A Classification System Based on the International Division of Labor Abstract: Simple dichotomies, such as First World–Third World, developed–developing countries, and north–south, are no longer adequate for understanding the complex economic geography of the world. Even the division into core, semi-periphery, and periphery groups diverse economies into an excessively limited number of categories. It is time to develop a new scheme that better classifies the countries of the world into coherent groups. This article constructs a new classification based on the international division of labor, using three fundamental dimensions. The first dimension is the success of the industrial and services economy in providing employment to the people within a country. The second is the export orientation of a country, concentrating either on natural-resource-intensive products (e.g., agricultural produce, food and beverages, minerals and metals) or on core industrial manufactures (from textiles to computers). The third is the presence of control functions in the world economy: countries that include the headquarters of major firms and are the source regions of major flows of foreign direct investments. The combination of these three dimensions leads to the creation of eight basic categories. I introduce a terminology that combines these basic categories into larger groups, depending on the context. This new conceptual scheme should facilitate a more informed analysis of world economic, political, social, and environmental affairs. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 221-244 Issue: 2 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00184.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00184.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:2:p:221-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kwadwo Konadu-Agyemang Author-X-Name-First: Kwadwo Author-X-Name-Last: Konadu-Agyemang Author-Name: Kofi Newman Author-X-Name-First: Kofi Author-X-Name-Last: Newman Author-Name: Tim Cresswell Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Cresswell Author-Name: Glen Elder Author-X-Name-First: Glen Author-X-Name-Last: Elder Author-Name: Brendan O’Neil Author-X-Name-First: Brendan Author-X-Name-Last: O’Neil Author-Name: Sam Ock Park Author-X-Name-First: Sam Ock Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 245-251 Issue: 2 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00185.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00185.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:2:p:245-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaoling Chen Author-X-Name-First: Shaoling Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Susheng Wang Author-X-Name-First: Susheng Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Haisheng Yang Author-X-Name-First: Haisheng Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Spatial Competition and Interdependence in Strategic Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Franchising Abstract: This article investigates spatial competition and spatial interdependence in two key strategic variables in franchising: the proportion of franchised outlets (PFO; i.e., franchise proportion) and the royalty rate. Employing a simultaneous equations model and data from 353 U.S. franchise chains in 43 sectors in 2005, we find robust evidence for significant spatial competition and stable interdependence in these two strategic variables. Specifically, we find spatial competition in each strategic variable, and spatial interdependence between the two strategic variables. Each strategic variable and its spatial lag are strategic complements in spatial competition due to the market share effect, while the two strategic variables are strategic substitutes in spatial interdependence due to the market power effect, and the former effect is stronger than the latter effect. Besides, we also find that franchisors are strongly inclined to a combination of a low royalty rate and a high franchise proportion, which evolves and stabilizes in the long-run equilibrium. These findings provide a consistent framework with which to explain many stylized facts in franchising, such as the time-invariance of a uniform royalty rate, the stability of a mixed organizational structure, and the coexistence of head-on competition and diversification of chains of different sizes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 165-204 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12079 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12079 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:165-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feng Li Author-X-Name-First: Feng Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: . By Mark I. Wilson, Aharon Kellerman and Kenneth E. Corey Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 229-231 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12080 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12080 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:229-231 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jun Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: . By Emily T. Yeh Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 233-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12081 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12081 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:233-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Norma M. Rantisi Author-X-Name-First: Norma M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rantisi Author-Name: Deborah Leslie Author-X-Name-First: Deborah Author-X-Name-Last: Leslie Title: Circus in Action: Exploring the Role of a Translation Zone in the Cirque du Soleil’s Creative Practices Abstract: This article explores the process of knowledge production and creativity in the circus. In particular, it examines how the Cirque du Soleil has been able to forge an innovative and novel tradition of circus arts by drawing upon knowledge and competencies from the related fields of sport, circus, dance, and theater. Using the notion of translation developed in actor network theory, we trace how a variety of actors and entities, including both human and nonhuman actants, are enrolled in the creation of a contemporary circus performance. We explore how power and agency are distributed in the networks that foster creativity in the circus, highlighting their inherently unstable and precarious nature, and how the Cirque has created an open and unbounded space that accommodates fluid exchanges between actants (what we call a translation zone). Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 147-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12082 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12082 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:147-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caroline Andrew Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Andrew Title: . Edited by Jill L. Grant Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:227-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefan Ouma Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma Title: . By Pádraig Carmody Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 223-225 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12085 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:223-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas A. Phelps Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps Author-Name: Miguel Atienza Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Atienza Author-Name: Martin Arias Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Arias Title: Encore for the Enclave: The Changing Nature of the Industry Enclave with Illustrations from the Mining Industry in Chile Abstract: Conceptual innovation with respect to the enclave concept has been virtually absent compared with industry agglomerations. This is despite the fact that some varieties of agglomeration distinguished in the literature appear to come close to what previously were regarded as industrial enclaves and despite frequent allusions to the enclave nature of economic spaces produced by contemporary processes of globalization. Bringing the literature on agglomeration and enclaves into dialogue, we revisit the concept of the enclave—a concept that has been largely neglected since it enjoyed a popularity in connection with the study of particular (notably extractive) industries and particular (notably dependencia) theories of national economic development during the 1960s and 1970s. Much has changed since this time, which suggests that the concept of the enclave ought to be ripe for reevaluation. In this article we take an initial step in this direction, identifying analytical dimensions to the enclave and illustrating different manifestations of enclaves in the mining industry, drawing on the case of Chile. We conclude by advocating the renewed study of industry enclaves within contemporary economic geographic analysis.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-146 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12086 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12086 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:119-146 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Enrique Garcilazo Author-X-Name-First: Enrique Author-X-Name-Last: Garcilazo Author-Name: Joaquim Oliveira Martins Author-X-Name-First: Joaquim Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Martins Title: The Contribution of Regions to Aggregate Growth in the OECD Abstract: This article investigates the contribution of regions to aggregate growth. We find a great degree of heterogeneity in the performance of Territorial Level 3 (TL3) regions of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). The regional contributions to aggregate growth follow a power law, with a coefficient around 1.2 (in absolute terms). This implies that Few-Large (FL) regions contribute disproportionately to aggregate growth whereas Many-Small (MS) individual regions contribute only marginally. Because the large number of these smaller regions and the decay of their contribution to growth is slow (generating a fat tail distribution), their cumulated contribution is actually around two-thirds of aggregate growth. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 205-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12087 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12087 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:2:p:205-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Vallance Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Vallance Title: Universities, Public Research, and Evolutionary Economic Geography Abstract: Evolutionary Economic Geography (EEG) has, thus far, neglected the contribution of universities to innovation processes in its emerging theoretical explanations of territorial economic change. This article begins to address this conceptual gap by outlining a perspective on the ways in which universities, as organizations with institutional features and functions that are distinctive to those of firms, can enhance the adaptive capacity of national or regional economies. The argument developed is based on a complexity theory view of system self-transformation and supports greater attention to this framework in a pluralistic EEG. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 355-377 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1146076 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1146076 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:355-377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Darja Reuschke Author-X-Name-First: Darja Author-X-Name-Last: Reuschke Title: The Importance of Housing for Self-employment Abstract: This article demonstrates that housing influences decisions to start businesses or become self-employed. Housing characteristics can facilitate or hinder business start-ups, and the mechanisms depend on whether the business start-up takes place in people’s homes or not. Hitherto, economic geography has largely viewed housing as a system that accommodates and filters the workforce across space and neglected that housing is an economic resource to individuals. Using longitudinal microdata for the United Kingdom and a sample that accounts for the endogeneity of housing to employment/entrepreneurship, the study finds that home-based self-employment is facilitated by housing wealth, outright ownership, detached houses, and large dwellings and is undermined by living in flats. Private rented accommodation enables entries into self-employment that are not based in people’s homes. Housing thus provides financial security and space, on the one hand, and shapes flexibility needed for entrepreneurship, on the other hand. Areas for future research arising from this study relate to the role of housing over the individual entrepreneur’s life course and area effects on entrepreneurship and self-employment that relate to the spatial variation of housing supply. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 378-400 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1178568 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1178568 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:378-400 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Ascani Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Ascani Author-Name: Riccardo Crescenzi Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo Author-X-Name-Last: Crescenzi Author-Name: Simona Iammarino Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Iammarino Title: Economic Institutions and the Location Strategies of European Multinationals in their Geographic Neighborhood Abstract: This article investigates how the location behavior of multinational enterprises (MNEs) is shaped by the economic institutions of the host countries. The analysis covers a wide set of geographically proximate economies with different degrees of integration with the old fifteen European Union members: new member states, accession and candidate countries, as well as European Neighborhood Policy countries and the Russian Federation. The article aims to shed new light on the heterogeneity of MNE preferences for the host countries’ regulatory settings (including labor market and business regulation), legal aspects (i.e., protection of property rights and contract enforcement), and the weight of the government in the economy. By employing data on 6888 greenfield investment projects, the random-coefficient mixed logit analysis shows that, although the quality of the national institutional framework is generally beneficial for the attraction of foreign investment, MNEs’ preferences over economic institutions are highly heterogeneous across sectors and business functions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 401-429 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1179570 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1179570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:401-429 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chris Gibson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson Author-Name: Andrew Warren Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Warren Title: Resource-Sensitive Global Production Networks: Reconfigured Geographies of Timber and Acoustic Guitar Manufacturing Abstract: This article examines how resource materiality, scarcity, and evolving international environmental regulation shape global production networks (GPNs). Nature-facing elements, including resource scarcity and environmental regulation, have seldom featured in GPN analysis. So, too, GPN analysis emphasizes spatial relations between network actors over temporal change. We extend GPN theorization through a temporal analysis of industrial change, connecting manufacturing to upstream resource materialities and shifting regulation, and to downstream consumers increasingly concerned with provenance and material stewardship. To illustrate, we document a resource-sensitive GPN—acoustic guitar manufacturing—where scarcity of select raw materials (tonewoods) with material qualities of resonance, strength, and beauty, as well as tighter regulation, has spawned shifting economic geographies of new actors who influence the whole GPN. Such actors include specialist extraction firms, salvagers, traders, verification consultants, and customs agents who innovate in procurement and raw material supply risk management. Traditional large guitar manufacturing firms have struggled with regulation and securing consistent resource supply, although smaller lead manufacturing firms have creatively responded via novel procurement methods and marketing, developing closely bound, iterative relationships with specialist timber harvesters, traders, and with emotionally attached consumers. A cohort of tonewood supply firms and guitar manufacturers—especially in Australia, the Pacific Northwest and Canada, key locations of both resource and design expertise—have together altered material stewardship practices and commodity production. Niche strategies derive exchange value from rarity and resource innovation, embracing raw material variability, inconsistent supply, and the need for alternatives. How firms adapt to resource supply security risks, we argue, is an imperative question for GPN analysis. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 430-454 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1178569 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1178569 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:430-454 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jun Ho Jeong Author-X-Name-First: Jun Ho Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong Title: A review of Edited by Carol Wise Leslie Elliott Armijo and Saori N. Katada Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 455-457 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1180240 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1180240 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:455-457 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George C. S. Lin Author-X-Name-First: George C. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Title: A review of Edited by Michael Dunford and Weidong Liu Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 458-459 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1156485 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1156485 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:458-459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil Reid Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Reid Title: A review of By Sam Ock Park Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 460-461 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1156486 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1156486 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:460-461 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charlie Karlsson Author-X-Name-First: Charlie Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsson Title: A review of Edited by Jerome S. Engel Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 462-463 Issue: 4 Volume: 92 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1197773 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1197773 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:92:y:2016:i:4:p:462-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harvey Neo Author-X-Name-First: Harvey Author-X-Name-Last: Neo Title: . Edited by Joseph Nevins and Nancy Lee Peluso Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 485-486 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01040.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01040.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:485-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefano Ponte Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Ponte Title: . Edited by Christina Stringer and Richard Le Heron Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 483-484 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01041.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01041.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:483-484 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Sellar Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Sellar Title: . By Nina Bandelj Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 487-488 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01042.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01042.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:487-488 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Lorenzen Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Lorenzen Author-Name: Kristina Vaarst Andersen Author-X-Name-First: Kristina Vaarst Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen Title: Centrality and Creativity: Does Richard Florida’s Creative Class Offer New Insights into Urban Hierarchy? Abstract: To provide new insights into urban hierarchy, this article brings together one of economic geography’s oldest and most well-established notions with one of its newest and most disputed notions: Christäller’s centrality and Florida’s creative class. Using a novel original database, the article compares the distribution of the general population and the creative class across 444 city regions in 8 European countries. It finds that the two groups are both distributed according to the rank-size rule, but exhibit different distinct phases with different slopes. The article argues that the two distributions are different because market thresholds for creative services and jobs are lower than thresholds for less specialized services and jobs. The article hence concludes that centrality exerts a strong influence upon urban hierarchies of creativity and that the study of creative urban city hierarchies yields new insights into the problem of centrality. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 363-390 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01044.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01044.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:363-390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William C. Terry Author-X-Name-First: William C. Author-X-Name-Last: Terry Title: Working on the Water: On Legal Space and Seafarer Protection in the Cruise Industry Abstract: With a focus on Filipino seafarers, the largest cohort of workers on cruise ships, this article argues that recent legal decisions in U.S. courts on the employment and protection of international cruise ship workers have repositioned the historical relationships between seafarers and their employers and have created a new extraterritorial legal space in which seafarers’ rights are diminished. In this context, Filipino seafarers find themselves embedded in a dynamic transnational system that facilitates their entry into the cruise industry yet structures a diminution of their protection under the law. This process represents a rollback of historical protections that have favored seafarers in U.S. courts. This case calls into question how laws and legal framings serve to buttress labor relationships between people and places, thereby shaping economic geographies. Thus, this article illustrates the power of a legal geographic framework to examine economic relationships and therefore to shed light on how economic globalization is facilitated and shaped at multiple scales. It offers a geographic perspective on how the legal and the economic are implicated in one another and suggests that further attention to legal geographic aspects of economic and labor geographies would be useful for analyzing the maintenance of inequalities in the global system. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 463-482 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01045.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01045.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:463-482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bjørn Asheim Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim Title: Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Creative Class in European City Regions Abstract: This special issue presents the results of a European research project on the creative class in European city regions. In this introduction, the need for contextualizing the approach is underlined, taking into account the differences between the United States, where Richard Florida’s ideas were developed, and Europe. In modifying the approach to suit European conditions, varieties of capitalism and social capital perspectives were applied. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 355-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01046.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01046.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:355-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michaela Trippl Author-X-Name-First: Michaela Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl Author-Name: Franz Tödtling Author-X-Name-First: Franz Author-X-Name-Last: Tödtling Author-Name: Lukas Lengauer Author-X-Name-First: Lukas Author-X-Name-Last: Lengauer Title: Knowledge Sourcing Beyond Buzz and Pipelines: Evidence from the Vienna Software Sector Abstract: This article examines the nature and geography of knowledge linkages in the Vienna software cluster. Empirical studies on the software sector have provided contradictory evidence of the relative importance of different sources of knowledge, the spatial dimension of exchanges of knowledge, and the relevance of different channels for the transmission of knowledge. Recent conceptual work on the geography of knowledge linkages has highlighted that the innovative dynamics of clusters rests on both local and global knowledge flows, that is, the combination of “local buzz” and “global pipelines.” However, the buzz-and-pipelines approach fails to provide a precise understanding of the mechanisms by which actors in a cluster gain access to knowledge at different spatial scales. This article goes beyond the buzz-and-pipelines concept and suggests a differentiated typology of knowledge linkages, distinguishing among market relations, formal networks, spillovers, and informal networks. Drawing on a survey of firms and face-to-face interviews with representatives of companies, we demonstrate that in the Vienna software industry, knowledge flows are informal. We found that spillovers and informal networks are highly significant at all spatial scales and are complemented by formalized research-and-development partnerships at the local and national levels. We also show that the character of knowledge linkages is dependent on the nature of innovation. The more radical the innovation, the larger the variety of sources of knowledge and the stronger the diversity of the mechanisms for transferring knowledge. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 443-462 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01047.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01047.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:443-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron A. Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron A. Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Michael Fritsch Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch Title: Creative Class and Regional Growth: Empirical Evidence from Seven European Countries Abstract: This article analyzes the regional distribution and economic effect of the “creative class” on the basis of a unique data set that covers more than 500 regions in 7 European countries. The creative class is unevenly geographically distributed across Europe; the analyses show that a regional climate of tolerance and openness has a strong and positive effect on a region’s share of these people. Regional job opportunities also have a large effect on the size of a region’s population of the creative class. The findings reveal some evidence of a positive relationship among creative class occupation, employment growth, and entrepreneurship at the regional level in a number of European countries. On the basis of the analysis, however, it is not clear whether human capital, measured by creative occupation, outperforms indicators that are based on formal education, or if formal education has the stronger effect. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 391-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01048.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01048.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:391-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: . Edited by Lois Labrianidis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 489-490 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01049.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01049.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:489-490 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bjørn Asheim Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim Author-Name: Høgni Kalsø Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Høgni Kalsø Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Knowledge Bases, Talents, and Contexts: On the Usefulness of the Creative Class Approach in Sweden Abstract: The geography of the creative class and its impact on regional development has been debated for some years. While the ideas of Richard Florida have permeated local and regional planning strategies in most parts of the Western world, critiques have been numerous. Florida’s 3T’s (technology, talent, and tolerance) have been adopted without considering whether the theory fits into the settings of a specific urban and regional context. This article aims to contextualize and unpack the creative class approach by applying the knowledge-base approach and break down the rigid assumption that all people in the creative class share common locational preferences. We argue that the creative class draws on three different knowledge bases: synthetic, analytical, and symbolic, which have different implications for people’s residential locational preferences with respect to a people climate and a business climate. Furthermore, the dominating knowledge base in a region has an influence on the importance of a people climate and a business climate for attracting and retaining talent. In this article, we present an empirical analysis in support of these arguments using original Swedish data. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 425-442 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01051.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01051.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:425-442 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2008–2009 Reviewers (September 1, 2008 to August 14, 2009) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 491-492 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01052.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01052.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:491-492 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Volume 85 Annual Contents Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 493-496 Issue: 4 Volume: 85 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01053.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01053.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:85:y:2009:i:4:p:493-496 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Berndt Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Berndt Author-Name: Manuel Wirth Author-X-Name-First: Manuel Author-X-Name-Last: Wirth Title: Struggling for the Moral Market: Economic Knowledge, Diverse Markets, and Market Borders Abstract: Focusing on the recent emergence of behavioral and experimental economics and its implications for the design and implementation of social policies, we demonstrate that geographies of marketization are not confined to the narrow study of the models of neoclassical economics. We structure our argument around what we perceive as key dimensions of marketization and their variegated geographies: First, we argue for renewed attention to the naturalization of abstract market knowledge and its methodological separation from real markets in the wake of the behavioral and experimental turn. We then turn to really existing markets, conceptualizing them as articulations of a variety of economic and social rationalities struggling over an apparent “moral market.” Third, we focus on the role of the nonhuman in marketization processes and discuss the work of market devices in making these market arrangements possible. In the fourth and final section we turn to the “human side” of marketization. Our argument is that market struggles connect with the formation of “quasi-subjects” that oscillate between attempts to reestablish autonomy and their dissolution in the disciplining webs of behavioral and experimental market devices. Throughout the text we illustrate our arguments on the so-called social impact bonds as a concrete example for the types of policy intervention informed by economic behaviorism and experimentalism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 288-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1521699 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1521699 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:3:p:288-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michelle Buckley Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley Title: Between House and Home: Renovations Labor and the Production of Residential Value Abstract: In 2014, spending on home renovations across Canada outstripped spending on actual home purchases. In this article, I explore this rise in renovations spending through a case study of these dynamics in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), a metropolitan region that has experienced extraordinary growth in both house prices and levels of household mortgage debt over the last decade. While cheap mortgage debt has often been considered a key factor facilitating housing exchange and speculation in recent decades, I highlight the significant role that informalized renovations labor has played in these housing market dynamics across the GTA. Combining secondary data on GTA housing sales and renovations activity with in-depth interviews with precarious renovations workers, I contend that renovating has been a key strategy to overcome the crisis of affordability produced by low-interest mortgage debt. Highlighting the central role of renovations labor in reproducing the home as a commodity with either new use or exchange values, I recast strategies of asset wealth-building and house buying in the GTA as ones highly reliant on de-skilled and informalized noncitizen renovations labor. Informed by intersectional feminist scholarship on paid but precarious labor in the home, I offer a partial perspective on the fundamental importance of precarious renovations labor to the political economy of private homeownership. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 209-230 Issue: 3 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1526073 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1526073 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:3:p:209-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sebastien Bourdin Author-X-Name-First: Sebastien Author-X-Name-Last: Bourdin Title: Does the Cohesion Policy Have the Same Influence on Growth Everywhere? A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach in Central and Eastern Europe Abstract: The latest successive enlargements to Central and Eastern European countries and their differentiated convergence raise the question of the effectiveness of the European structural funds that have been greatly enjoyed by such countries. The literature on this question is nevertheless not unanimous. I therefore offer an analysis of the cohesion policy and its role in regional growth specifically in Central and Eastern Europe, using a method developed in spatial analysis, namely, GWR (geographically weighted regression) at the NUTS 3 level. My findings reveal the existence of a multipolar convergence. The differentiated spatial variations of the influence of European funds on regional economic growth call for reorientation of the cohesion policy, especially in favor of a more territorialized policy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 256-287 Issue: 3 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1526074 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1526074 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:3:p:256-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rune Dahl Fitjar Author-X-Name-First: Rune Dahl Author-X-Name-Last: Fitjar Author-Name: Bram Timmermans Author-X-Name-First: Bram Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans Title: Relatedness and the Resource Curse: Is There a Liability of Relatedness? Abstract: Literature in evolutionary economic geography has emphasized knowledge spillover benefits of co-location with related industries. We draw on resource curse literature to demonstrate that relatedness also comes with costs in the form of labor market competition. Using a case study of a growth period in the Norwegian petroleum industry, we show that this had positive as well as negative implications for related industries. Industries related to petroleum grew faster than unrelated industries over the period. However, they also suffered from high labor costs and loss of human capital. Related industries had to pay higher wages than unrelated industries, even after controlling for worker characteristics. Furthermore, several of their employees, in particular the most productive ones, left for the petroleum industry. The relationship between petroleum and related industries is asymmetric insofar as workers tend to leave related industries for petroleum at higher rates than vice versa. Furthermore, the petroleum industry recruits the most productive workers from related industries and returns its least productive workers. Overall, this could potentially lead to de-skilling in related industries, which could more than outweigh any potential knowledge spillover benefits from their relatedness to the petroleum industry. Consequently, we argue that relatedness is not an even playing field: there may be losers, as well as winners, from relatedness. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-255 Issue: 3 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1544460 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1544460 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:3:p:231-255 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martín Arias-Loyola Author-X-Name-First: Martín Author-X-Name-Last: Arias-Loyola Title: A review of Handbook on the Geographies of Power. By Mat Coleman and John Agnew Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 310-311 Issue: 3 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1586433 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1586433 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:3:p:310-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Sparke Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Sparke Title: A review of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. By Quinn Slobodain Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 312-314 Issue: 3 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1604134 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1604134 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:3:p:312-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niels Fold Author-X-Name-First: Niels Author-X-Name-Last: Fold Title: . Edited by Jennifer Bair Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 101-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01098.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01098.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:101-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ben Derudder Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder Title: . By John Bowen Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01099.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01099.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:107-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joe T. Darden Author-X-Name-First: Joe T. Author-X-Name-Last: Darden Title: . By Edward W. Soja Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01100.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01100.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:105-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Costis Hadjimichalis Author-X-Name-First: Costis Author-X-Name-Last: Hadjimichalis Title: . Edited by Ash Amin Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 109-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01101.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01101.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:109-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anouk Patel-Campillo Author-X-Name-First: Anouk Author-X-Name-Last: Patel-Campillo Title: Transforming Global Commodity Chains: Actor Strategies, Regulation, and Competitive Relations in the Dutch Cut Flower Sector Abstract: Buyer-driven and producer-driven commodity chain governance typologies are helpful in characterizing the relationships between buyers and suppliers engaged in transnational economic activity. However, what is missing in Global Commodity Chain (GCC) and Global Value Chain (GVC) analyses is an explanation of how governance structures change over time. In this paper I suggest that the production system associated with particular commodities is not the only factor shaping commodity chain governance. Rather, I argue that actors’ strategies, regulation, and historical trajectories also influence and, in certain conjunctures, transform chain governance. Since regulations and actor strategies in competitive environments change over time, it follows that chain governance is dynamic. Drawing from the case of the Dutch cut flower agro-industry, the world’s leading supplier of cut flowers, I build on the GCC, GVC and Global Production Network (GPN) literatures to illustrate how actor strategies, regulation and the historical trajectory of the Dutch cut flower GCC shape and change chain governance. What the Dutch cut flower case illustrates is how grower strategies and government policy facilitated the formation of grower cooperatives, and transformed the power relations between growers and buyers in a shift from a buyer to a producer-driven chain. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 79-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01102.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01102.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:79-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sam Schueth Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: Schueth Title: Assembling International Competitiveness: The Republic of Georgia, USAID, and the Project Abstract: Global indices of economic competitiveness, such as the World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business Index (EDBI), score and rank states according to the quality of local business regulations. Quantifying and indexing regulatory quality to a singular ranking constructs a “best practice” model that characterizes regulation in the highest-ranked states. States that outcompete others in transferring regulatory best practices from higher-ranked states are rewarded with an improved international reputation for having investor-friendly policies. By helping to attract the interest of foreign investors, the production of higher competitiveness rankings serves as an extraterritorial state strategy for gaining from globalization. This article details the reform strategy that was used to produce the (post-Soviet) Republic of Georgia’s 2006–2009 vault up the EDBI rankings. These higher rankings were the centerpiece of an investment-promotion campaign that accompanied strong inflows of foreign direct investment. Making full use of EDBI as a strategic resource for promoting increased foreign investment involved the composition of an institutional assemblage of the Georgian government, USAID, and the World Bank’s Doing Business project. Ethnographic research revealed how power geometries emerged among the assembled organizations to enable the transfer of EDBI’s best practice regulations in some areas, and to impede it in others. The case study reveals how limits to policy transfer are created by geographic context and how EDBI rankings can be exploited to obfuscate problematic business conditions that are overlooked by its measurement methodology. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 51-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01103.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01103.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:51-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cristiano Antonelli Author-X-Name-First: Cristiano Author-X-Name-Last: Antonelli Author-Name: Pier Paolo Patrucco Author-X-Name-First: Pier Paolo Author-X-Name-Last: Patrucco Author-Name: Francesco Quatraro Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Quatraro Title: Productivity Growth and Pecuniary Knowledge Externalities: An Empirical Analysis of Agglomeration Economies in European Regions Abstract: The article investigates the effects of the agglomeration of technological activities on the growth in regional productivity, applying the notion of pecuniary knowledge externalities. Pecuniary knowledge externalities enable one to appreciate both the gains and losses associated with the regional concentration of knowledge-generating activities. Both are two sides of the same coin. The gains are due to the reduction in the prices of knowledge as input into its dedicated markets, while the losses stem from the reduction in the prices of knowledge as an output. This analysis allows us to contextualize the effect of geographic proximity on knowledge externalities and their impact on regional growth. Our analysis leads to the hypothesis of an inverted U-shaped relationship between the agglomeration of innovation activities and productivity growth. The empirical analysis based on a large sample of European regions from 1996 to 2003 supports the hypothesis that agglomeration yields diminishing net positive effects beyond a maximum. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01104.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01104.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:23-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Harvey Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Crises, Geographic Disruptions and the Uneven Development of Political Responses Abstract: The current financial crisis may be deeper and more far reaching than earlier ones except the Great Depression, but it fits into an all-too-common pattern of capitalist development experienced over the past 40 years. What can Marxian theory, with its focus on crisis formation and the internal contradictions of capital accumulation, teach us about the nature of capitalist crises, and what can the actual experience of the crisis teach us about Marxian theory? In what ways has the distinctive geographic unfolding of the crisis—all the way from subprime lending in specific locations to disruptions and spatial fixes in patterns of financial, commodity, capital, and labor flows—contributed either to the deepening of the crisis or to its partial resolution? How, finally, can adequate responses to the crisis tendencies of capitalism and the stresses of endless compound growth be articulated in these times? Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 87 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01105.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01105.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:87:y:2011:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Debra Straussfogel Author-X-Name-First: Debra Author-X-Name-Last: Straussfogel Title: . By Wolfgang Hoeschele Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01133.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01133.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:105-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Allen J. Scott Author-X-Name-First: Allen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Title: . By Edward Glaeser Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 97-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01134.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01134.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:97-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Title: . By Frederick Guy Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 101-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01135.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01135.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:101-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gerda Roelvink Author-X-Name-First: Gerda Author-X-Name-Last: Roelvink Title: . Edited by Duncan Fuller, Andrew E. G Jonas and Roger Lee Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 103-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01136.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01136.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:103-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Allen J. Scott Author-X-Name-First: Allen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Title: Commentary on Trevor Barnes’s 2011 Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 27-32 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01137.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01137.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:27-32 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicky Gregson Author-X-Name-First: Nicky Author-X-Name-Last: Gregson Author-Name: Mike Crang Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Crang Author-Name: Farid Uddin Ahamed Author-X-Name-First: Farid Uddin Author-X-Name-Last: Ahamed Author-Name: Nasreen Akter Author-X-Name-First: Nasreen Author-X-Name-Last: Akter Author-Name: Raihana Ferdous Author-X-Name-First: Raihana Author-X-Name-Last: Ferdous Author-Name: Sadat Foisal Author-X-Name-First: Sadat Author-X-Name-Last: Foisal Author-Name: Ray Hudson Author-X-Name-First: Ray Author-X-Name-Last: Hudson Title: Territorial Agglomeration and Industrial Symbiosis: Sitakunda-Bhatiary, Bangladesh, as a Secondary Processing Complex Abstract: [Correction added after online publication March 16, 2011: The contact information for two authors was listed incorrectly. The email addresses for Farid Uddin Ahamed and Nasreen Akter have been corrected in this version.]This article both joins with recent arguments in economic geography that have made connections between work on industrial symbiosis and agglomerative tendencies and recasts this work. Drawing on the case of Sitakunda-Bhatiary, Bangladesh, it shows that symbiosis is intricately bound up in the global circulation of wastes and their recovery through secondary processing. It draws attention to the importance of key places as conduits in the transformation of materials and secondary processing; emphasizes their importance as sites of symbiotic activity; and shows how such places exemplify economies of recycling, reuse, and remanufacturing, but in conditions of minimal environmental regulation. It therefore shows that contemporary symbiosis is not necessarily clean and green and may be very messy; that it can be generative of agglomerations, not just dependent upon prior agglomerations; that such agglomerations may be cross sectoral, not just interplant; and that symbiosis needs to be thought of not just through geographic proximity, but through the spatialities of globalization. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 37-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01138.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01138.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:37-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Fritsch Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch Author-Name: Dirk Schilder Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Schilder Title: The Regional Supply of Venture Capital: Can Syndication Overcome Bottlenecks? Abstract: In our study, we investigated whether the supply of venture capital (VC) is driven by spatial proximity between a VC company and the portfolio firm. Our analysis was based on information about VC investments in Germany between 2004 and 2009. We found that possible problems caused by the geographic distance to a portfolio firm seem to be overcome by the syndication of investments with one of the VC firms located close to the investment. The results suggest, however, that a short geographic distance between an investor and the investment has an increasing effect on the probability of syndication as well as on the number of firms that join the syndicate. Hence, local VC suppliers may assume the role of an anchor, connecting the regional economy to more distant parts of the industry. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 59-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01139.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01139.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:59-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: Reopke Lecture in Economic Geography: Notes from the Underground: Why the History of Economic Geography Matters: The Case of Central Place Theory Abstract: The discipline of Anglo-American economic geography seems to care little about its history. Its practitioners tend toward the “just do it” school of scholarship, in which a concern with the present moment in economic geography subordinates all else. In contrast, I argue that it is vital to know economic geography’s history. Historical knowledge of our discipline enables us to realize that we are frequently “slaves of some defunct” economic geographer; that we cannot escape our geography and history, which seep into the very pores of the ideas that we profess; and that the full connotations of economic geographic ideas are sometimes purposively hidden, secret even, revealed only later by investigative historical scholarship. My antidote: “notes from the underground,” which means a history of economic geography that delves below the reported surface. This history is often subversive, contradicting conventional depictions; it is antirationalist, querying universal (timeless) foundations; it seeks out deliberately hidden and buried economic geographic practices, relying on sources literally found underground—personal papers and correspondence stored in one subterranean archive or another. To exemplify the importance of notes from the underground, I present an extended case study—the 20th-century development of central place theory, associated with two economic geographers: the German, Walter Christaller (1893–1969), and the American, Edward L. Ullman (1912–76). Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01140.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01140.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:1-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tim Vorley Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Vorley Author-Name: Oli Mould Author-X-Name-First: Oli Author-X-Name-Last: Mould Author-Name: Richard Courtney Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Courtney Title: My Networking Is Not Working! Conceptualizing the Latent and Dysfunctional Dimensions of the Network Paradigm Abstract: Networks have become a major analytical concept in economic geography and have served to extend both empirical and theoretical research agendas. However, much of the literature on networks is characterized as associative, considering them only as cumulative constructs through the constant enrollment of additional actors. Through the lens of social capital and a discussion of the limitations of the networking paradigm in economic geography, this article aims to move beyond this associative nature and introduce variance in network practices in the form of nonworking and not working. By presenting a hypothetical example of a project-based network, we introduce the concepts of nonworking and not working as latency and disassociation as dimensions of network practices. In doing so, we present a more nuanced approach to the networking paradigm in relational economic geography, one that moves beyond a purely associative understanding to incorporate nonworking and not working. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 77-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01141.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01141.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:77-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: A Rejoinder: Remembrance of Things Past Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 33-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 88 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01142.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01142.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:88:y:2012:i:1:p:33-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel C. Knudsen Author-X-Name-First: Daniel C. Author-X-Name-Last: Knudsen Author-Name: Taekyung Koh Author-X-Name-First: Taekyung Author-X-Name-Last: Koh Author-Name: Jeffrey S. Boggs Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey S. Author-X-Name-Last: Boggs Title: Assessing the Regulationist View of History: An Analysis of Employment Change in America, 1940–1989 Abstract: This research empirically investigates the pattern of employment change within the United States between 1940 and 1989 using an analysis of variance model to partition employment change into that accounted for by (1) national trends in employment, (2) place-independent, sector-specific restructuring of employment, (3) place-specific, sector-independent shifts of employment, and (4) local employment conditions. Because we are concerned with a national system of capitalism, we use regulation theory to inform our research. According to regulation theory, capitalism is marked by periodic shifts in the regime of accumulation, or periods of crisis, interspersed with periods of relative stability. Our expectation is that periods of economic crisis will be marked by high levels of sector-specific restructuring in employment, whereas spatial shifts in employment induced by diffusion and everyday competition among capitalists occur on a continuous basis. Results of the analysis indicate that, not surprisingly, significant restructuring in employment has taken place. In particular, there has been a continual increase in restructuring from the 1940s to the 1980s. A series of annual change models reveals that within this gradual increase, individual years in the 1940s and 1980s appear to play particularly important roles. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 371-389 Issue: 4 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00095.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00095.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:4:p:371-389 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jessie P. Poon Author-X-Name-First: Jessie P. Author-X-Name-Last: Poon Title: The Cosmopolitanization of Trade Regions: Global Trends and Implications, 1965–1990 Abstract: Postwar international trade relations are built on multilateral free trade principles that regard regional trade coalitions as suboptimal arrangements. A rising share of international trade, however, appears to be occurring within regions, raising the fear that the world economy is disintegrating into inward-looking trading blocs. Such fears are now being challenged because the regionalization of world trade is said to be a “natural” process strongly influenced by geographic proximity. Furthermore, prevailing regionalization is taking place in a context of stronger global linkages.This paper examines global regionalization tendencies by tracing trade interactions from 1965 to 1990 and finds a trend toward a less spatially fragmented world economy. Five dominant trade regions may be identified in 1990 as compared to eight smaller regions in 1965. The regions have become more geographically oriented, with the majority of members associated with the regional cores of Japan, Germany, and the United States. Greater regionalization, however, need not contradict multilateralism. By examining the time-trends of each region’s propensity to trade extraregionally, I show that regions have also increased their inclination to trade a larger share of their gross domestic product with the rest of the world. This suggests that the world economy is increasingly characterized by regional cosmopolitanism and may not disintegrate into isolated trading blocs. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 390-404 Issue: 4 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00096.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00096.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:4:p:390-404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Webber Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Title: Profitability and Growth in Multiregion Systems: Prologue to a Historical Geography Abstract: Consider the OECD, and divide it into two regions: Japan and the rest. How have rates of profit, the history of capital accumulation and the growth of demand and supply, interregional investment and trade interacted to produce their historical geography? What can we learn from that data about theories of profit, growth, and interregional competition? In this paper, I estimate the parameters of a disequilibrium, dynamic, interregional model that illuminates these questions, paying particular attention to the manner in which investment is generated and flows between regions.I find a complex relationship between productivity and costs, profitability and accumulation. These variables are not well correlated over space. The evidence prompts questions about the weight that is given to profitability in interpreting the growth of regions. More important are the availability of funds (generated by the existing capital stock), the production intentions of corporations, and the investment policies of financiers. Likewise, over time profitability and accumulation are correlated, but this correlation is strong only in the long run; in the short run, rates of growth are determined far more by production decisions and investment policies than by changes in the rate of profit. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 405-426 Issue: 4 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00097.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00097.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:4:p:405-426 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Symons Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Symons Title: Virtual Departments, Power, and Location in Different Organizational Settings Abstract: Virtual departments are teams of employees drawn from multiple locations and divisions within an organization. The electronic space of the virtual department is where tasks related to the production function are integrated during reengineering processes, establishing new relationships among hierarchy, location, and power. This study assesses whether the virtual department breaks down or reinforces vertical chains and levels of command spanning many locations within an organizational hierarchy. Virtual departments in different organizational settings (different sectors, operational purposes, management styles) were tracked through their first ten years of growth. The research culminated in interviews with planners, departmental managers, and operatives to interpret virtual department–induced changes in hierarchy, location, and power. Contrary to claims in the literature, reengineering processes reinforce older hierarchical and spatial structures. They reproduce hierarchical human relations in electronic space, contributing to the formation of hierarchical levels of network access. Traditional locations of power are far from being erased or reduced even though an electronic geography remains superimposed on the physical one. The electronic spaces or virtual departments emerged as powerful technical and social “machines,” crucial to overcoming business problems, yet also spawning new social tensions in traditional hierarchical structures. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 427-444 Issue: 4 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00098.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00098.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:4:p:427-444 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert L. Boyd Author-X-Name-First: Robert L. Author-X-Name-Last: Boyd Author-Name: Neal W. Ackerly Author-X-Name-First: Neal W. Author-X-Name-Last: Ackerly Author-Name: Paul Robbins Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins Author-Name: Richard M. Auty Author-X-Name-First: Richard M. Author-X-Name-Last: Auty Author-Name: Lynn A. Staeheli Author-X-Name-First: Lynn A. Author-X-Name-Last: Staeheli Author-Name: Philip E. Steinberg Author-X-Name-First: Philip E. Author-X-Name-Last: Steinberg Author-Name: Graham A. Tobin Author-X-Name-First: Graham A. Author-X-Name-Last: Tobin Author-Name: Ricardo Castillo Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo Author-X-Name-Last: Castillo Author-Name: Anthony Bebbington Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Bebbington Author-Name: Dennis Conway Author-X-Name-First: Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Conway Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 445-460 Issue: 4 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00099.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00099.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:4:p:445-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 1997 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 461-461 Issue: 4 Volume: 73 Year: 1997 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00100.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1997.tb00100.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:73:y:1997:i:4:p:461-461 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Neumayer Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Neumayer Author-Name: Richard Perkins Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins Title: Uneven Geographies of Organizational Practice: Explaining the Cross-National Transfer and Diffusion of ISO 9000 Abstract: There is growing recognition that organizational innovations can have a major influence on the geography of economic activity. Yet, little is known about the mechanisms and geographic preconditions underlying their diffusion, particularly at the global level. In this article, we test a series of hypotheses about the conditions under which organizations are most likely to adopt ISO 9000, the internationally recognized set of standards for quality management, using panel data for 130 countries from 1995 to 2001. Our findings support the idea that transnational networks that connect different countries at the international level provide conduits for the cross-national transfer of new organizational practices. Thus, exports to the European Union, local involvement of transnational corporations (TNCs), European colonial ties, and the availability of telecommunications all emerge as statistically significant determinants of ISO adoptions. Our findings also underscore the importance of national environmental conditions in influencing the receptiveness of organizations to new practices. A low regulatory burden, a high share of manufacturing activity, high rates of secondary school enrollment, and low levels of productivity are positively correlated with the number of ISO 9000 certificates. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for current debates about the mechanisms, preconditions, and scales of organizational transfer, diffusion, and convergence. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00269.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00269.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:237-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ying Qiu Author-X-Name-First: Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Qiu Title: Personal Networks, Institutional Involvement, and Foreign Direct Investment Flows into China’s Interior Abstract: This article explores the relationship between informal and formal institutions and how their interactions shape the outcome of locational choices for foreign direct investment (FDI) in China’s interior. This is an important but neglected aspect of China’s economic development. The focus is on why FDI exists in host locations where the investment environment is poor and less competitive. Evidence from Shaanxi province suggests that the intertwined role played by personal networks and institutional involvement is a crucial part of the explanation. Networks are the key: at the individual/personal level, they are in the form of personal networks, and at the institutional/organization level, they take the form of institutional involvement. Moreover, the relationships among FDI, personal networks, and institutional involvement have a hierarchical structure: the larger the foreign parent firms, the more institutional involvement, while the smaller the foreign parent firms, the more personal networks are involved. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 261-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00270.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00270.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:261-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chris van Egeraat Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: van Egeraat Author-Name: David Jacobson Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobson Title: Geography of Production Linkages in the Irish and Scottish Microcomputer Industry: The Role of Logistics Abstract: The economic crisis of the mid-1970s marked the transition from the traditional Fordist mode of industrial organization to one of time-based competition (TBC). It has been postulated that the rise of TBC will lead to an increase in local and regional production linkages. Part of the argument is that the associated search for logistical efficiency and the adoption of the just-in-time (JIT) principles will lead to closer buyer-supplier proximity. In this article, we test the relevance of this idea in a case study of the microcomputer hardware industry in Ireland and Scotland. Most of the data were collected during multiple interviews with subsidiaries of all global microcomputer assemblers with operations in one of the two countries. The study shows that rather than sourcing locally or regionally, the assemblers import the vast majority of their material inputs from regions outside Ireland and Britain, notably from the Far East, and that the inbound logistics pipelines of most components involve inventories, often hubbed in local warehouses. Such supply systems have been interpreted as pseudo-JIT, suboptimal inbound logistics systems that are organized on traditional Fordist principles. We argue that the logistics systems and the geography of the supply linkages should not be interpreted this way. Inbound inventories were tightly managed, leading to modest target buffer levels and high shipment frequencies. Even under JIT supply, the geographic configuration of production linkages and the details of logistics systems remain highly dependent on a range of contextual conditions and component characteristics. The findings of this study suggest that a strategy of building integrated vertical production clusters around subsidiaries of multinational enterprises is no longer suitable for Ireland and Scotland, at least not in the context of the microcomputer industry. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 283-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00271.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00271.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:283-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joan Costa-i-Font Author-X-Name-First: Joan Author-X-Name-Last: Costa-i-Font Author-Name: Eduardo Rodriguez-Oreggia Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez-Oreggia Title: Is the Impact of Public Investment Neutral Across the Regional Income Distribution? Evidence from Mexico Abstract: This article investigates the contribution of public investment to the reduction of regional inequalities, with a specific application to Mexico. We examine the impact of public investment according to the position of each region in the conditional distribution of regional income by using quantile regression as an empirical technique. The results confirm the hypothesis that regional inequalities can indeed be attributed to the regional distribution of public investment;the observed pattern shows that public investment mainly helped to reduce regional inequalities among the richest regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 305-322 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00272.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00272.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:305-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Hayter Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Hayter Title: . By Meric S. Gertler Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 323-324 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00273.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00273.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:323-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Haripriya Rangan Author-X-Name-First: Haripriya Author-X-Name-Last: Rangan Title: . By Sharad Chari Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 325-328 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00274.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00274.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:325-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter V Hall Author-X-Name-First: Peter V Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: . By Steven P. Erie Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 329-330 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00275.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00275.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:329-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rolf Pendall Author-X-Name-First: Rolf Author-X-Name-Last: Pendall Title: . Edited by Jennifer Wolch, Manuel Pastor Jr., and Peter Dreier Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 331-333 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00276.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00276.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:331-333 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael H. Grote Author-X-Name-First: Michael H. Author-X-Name-Last: Grote Title: . By Risto Laulajainen Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 335-337 Issue: 3 Volume: 81 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00277.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00277.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:81:y:2005:i:3:p:335-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis F. Alvarez León Author-X-Name-First: Luis F. Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez León Author-Name: Leqian Yu Author-X-Name-First: Leqian Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Brett Christophers Author-X-Name-First: Brett Author-X-Name-Last: Christophers Title: Introduction: The Spatial Constitution of Markets Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 211-216 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1441710 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1441710 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:211-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis F. Alvarez León Author-X-Name-First: Luis F. Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez León Title: Information Policy and the Spatial Constitution of Digital Geographic Information Markets Abstract: Information policy has become one of the key instruments for the commodification and marketization of goods in contemporary capitalism. However, the spatializing role of this and other legal regimes has not been explored in depth. Among the categories of goods whose production and circulation is shaped by information policy, geographic information is increasingly salient in the digital economy due to the strategic and economic value derived from its integration of location and context. This article explores the role of information policy regimes in spatially bounding, structuring, and regulating digital geographic information markets. This is conducted through a Polanyian economic geographic approach that contextualizes, integrates, and synthesizes two types of geographic information market formations, and focuses on the institutional dimension of information policy regimes. In developing this approach, the article argues that legal regimes (in this case information policy) are capable of spatializing markets by structuring, integrating, and delimiting the actions of states and other actors, such as private corporations and consumers, within particular jurisdictions. The empirical section of the article illustrates this argument by showing how three aspects of information policy—(1) intellectual property, (2) infrastructure, and (3) commercialization—shape specific configurations of digital geographic information markets within the various administrative scales in the European Union, a globally influential jurisdiction for information policy, and where a regional digital market is in the process of construction. The article concludes by arguing that a Polanyian economic geographic approach provides a solid basis with ample versatility to account for the necessary integration of a legal perspective into the analysis of new kinds of goods (such as digital geographic information) and the spatialities of their emerging market configurations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 217-237 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1388161 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1388161 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:217-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip Ashton Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Ashton Author-Name: Brett Christophers Author-X-Name-First: Brett Author-X-Name-Last: Christophers Title: Remaking Mortgage Markets by Remaking Mortgages: U.S. Housing Finance after the Crisis Abstract: This article examines the post- financial crisis reregulation of US housing finance, focusing on reforms to rein in excessive risk taking and reconstitute the private circulation of mortgage debt. We begin by situating current initiatives—namely, the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010—in a much longer trajectory of attempts to construct a national market for home mortgages. Following the theorization of the economy of qualities by Callon, Méadel, and Rabeharisoa, we argue that a dominant theme throughout has been creating or fixing mortgage markets by performing work on the commodities—the mortgage products—that circulate in them. In light of this history, we argue that Dodd-Frank’s primary novelty lies in the way it alters relations between those products and market-supporting institutions, laws, and regulations. We conclude that this shapes a new set of contradictions and conflicts between market liquidity and risk taking, on the one hand, and the original concerns with financial safety and soundness, on the other. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 238-258 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2016.1229125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2016.1229125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:238-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Hall Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: Regulating the Geographies of Market Making: Offshore Renminbi Markets in London’s International Financial District Abstract: In this article, I develop a sympathetic critique of cultural economy approaches to market making, arguing that the spatial imaginations deployed in this work remain comparatively limited. Drawing on the emerging dialogue between cultural economy and heterodox political economy approaches to money and finance, the article argues that a focus on regulation provides a valuable way of developing new understandings of the geographies of market making beyond cultural economy’s extant reading of space as context, particularly in the form of the financial trading room. Through an original case study of the making of offshore renminbi markets in London’s financial district, the analysis conceptualizes regulation as both a hitherto overlooked relational component of market making and as a set of practices that coconstitute the territoriality of markets. I demonstrate how regulatory changes made in Beijing and London are important in understanding both the growth and potential limitations of London as an offshore renminbi center. This has significant implications empirically, for the wider project of renminbi internationalization, and theoretically, in terms of understanding the geographies of market making. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 259-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1304806 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1304806 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:259-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chris Muellerleile Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Muellerleile Title: Calming Speculative Traffic: An Infrastructural Theory of Financial Markets Abstract: This article argues that the concept of infrastructure offers geographers a useful framework to understand the resilient influence of financial markets on the socioeconomy. An infrastructural perspective reframes the politics of financial markets by considering them as vital systems that are deeply integrated with the real economy. This helps explain the successful reframing of regulatory debates away from action that might shrink financial markets, and instead toward incremental change and technical fixes that end up supporting the growth of the system. The infrastructural perspective also allows us to consider financial markets as technical systems that are inherently limited in their capacity to process financial transactions, which in turn helps explain their tendency to fail. Comparing the flow of speculative trades through financial markets to the flow of traffic through congested roads, the article employs a case study of the 1987 US stock market crash and its regulatory aftermath. It suggests that in the wake of the 1987 crash, which was caused by an inability to process trades fast enough, US regulators found it politically impossible to impose any significant limits on speculative trading. Wary of market congestion contributing to another financial accident, regulators instead expanded the speculative capacity of the markets. But just as expanded road systems attract more autos and produce an array of externalities, enhanced market capacity only attracts more speculation and related externalities, not least a deepening of speculative financialization. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 279-298 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1307100 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1307100 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:279-298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Kear Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Kear Title: The Marketsite: A New Conceptualization of Market Spatiality Abstract: Economic geographers have deployed a variety of spatial categories (e.g., scale, territory and border) to describe and theorize the spatiality of market making and marketization processes. This article supplements these accounts with insights from the work of post-structural geographers oriented toward the site. To this end, the article introduces the notion of the marketsite. Marketsites are points where heterogeneous elements are brought together and assembled in an effort to realize the conditions required for the performance of model markets and market subjectivities. Using the example of smart disclosure, the article argues that the use of disclosure labels to improve consumer decision making has transformed the point of sale and other transactional junctures into incipient marketsites—niches where various behavioral techniques are deployed to summon into being subjects who behave as if they were Homines economici. The behavioral turn in economics has focused the market-making efforts of a variety of actors on the market subject and strategic sites in people’s everyday lives where they can be guided and nudged into alignment with market models. Together such marketsites delineate a new, and largely uncharted, geography of encounter between (behavioral) economic theory and actually existing markets. Drawing on fieldwork developing and testing a fee disclosure box for a prepaid debit card, I show that the production of marketsites, where Homo economicus can survive, is a messy process that rarely succeeds. Regardless, such efforts reveal valuable insights into how the behavioral turn in economics is reshaping the spatiality of market-making processes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 299-320 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1312337 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2017.1312337 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:299-320 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dylan Shane Connor Author-X-Name-First: Dylan Shane Author-X-Name-Last: Connor Title: A review of Do We Need Economic Inequality? by Danny Dorling Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 321-323 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1468217 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1468217 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:321-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamey Essex Author-X-Name-First: Jamey Author-X-Name-Last: Essex Title: A review of The End of Development: A Global History of Poverty and Prosperity. By Andrew Brooks Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 324-326 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1467731 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1467731 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:324-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Oliver Ibert Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Ibert Title: A review of Making Value and Career Building in the Creative Economy. Evidence from Contemporary Visual Art. Springer Briefs in Geography. By Melanie Fasche Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 327-329 Issue: 3 Volume: 94 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1468717 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1468717 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:94:y:2018:i:3:p:327-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Haberly Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Haberly Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: Regional Blocks and Imperial Legacies: Mapping the Global Offshore FDI Network Abstract: While foreign direct investment (FDI) is generally assumed to represent long-term investments within the real economy, approximately 30–50 percent of global FDI is accounted for by networks of offshore shell companies created by corporations and individuals for tax and other purposes. To date, there has been limited systematic research on the global structure of these networks. Here we address this gap by employing principal component analysis to decompose the global bilateral FDI anomaly matrix into its primary constituent subnetworks. We find that the global offshore FDI network is highly globalized, with a centralized core of jurisdictions in Northwest Europe and the Caribbean exercising a largely homogenous worldwide influence. To the extent that the network is internally differentiated, this appears to primarily reflect a historic layering of social and political relationships. We identify four primary offshore FDI subnetworks, bearing the imprint of four key processes and events: European, particularly UK colonialism, the post–WWII hegemonic alliance between the United States and Western Europe, the fall of Soviet communism, and the rise of Chinese capitalism. We also find evidence of qualitative, but not quantitative, variation in offshore FDI based on national rule of law and communist history. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 251-280 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12078 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12078 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:251-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Annie Tubadji Author-X-Name-First: Annie Author-X-Name-Last: Tubadji Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp Title: Cultural Gravity Effects among Migrants: A Comparative Analysis of the EU15 Abstract: This article introduces cultural gravity as a concept that serves to better disentangle the direction and magnitude of the effects from migration, which is controversial in recent literature. The aim is to test for cultural gravity effects on both the geographic concentration and human capital productivity of immigrants in the EU15 countries. Operationally, we proceed to construct an empirical cultural gravity measure and test it with the use of a composite cross-sectional database, comprising, inter alia, the World Value Survey and Eurostat Census data. After an initial exploration of relevant cultural data by means of multivariate statistical analysis, we present an extended formulation of a gravity model approached through logistic regression methods and a three-stage least-squares estimation. Our results clearly demonstrate the existence of a cultural gravity effect among immigrants. Finally, an interesting finding is that cultural gravity also plays a significant role in the context of the Culture-Based Development (CBD) growth model. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 343-380 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12088 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12088 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:343-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kees Jansen Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Jansen Title: . By Ryan E. Galt Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 385-386 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12089 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12089 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:385-386 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Sauri Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Sauri Title: . Edited by Juan M. Albertos Puebla and José L. Sánchez Hernández Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 387-388 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12090 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12090 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:387-388 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shahid Yusuf Author-X-Name-First: Shahid Author-X-Name-Last: Yusuf Title: . By Boy Lüthje, Stefanie Hürtgen, Peter Pawlicki and Martina Sproll Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 389-391 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12091 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12091 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:389-391 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Svetlana Ledyaeva Author-X-Name-First: Svetlana Author-X-Name-Last: Ledyaeva Author-Name: Päivi Karhunen Author-X-Name-First: Päivi Author-X-Name-Last: Karhunen Author-Name: Riitta Kosonen Author-X-Name-First: Riitta Author-X-Name-Last: Kosonen Author-Name: John Whalley Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Whalley Title: Offshore Foreign Direct Investment, Capital Round-Tripping, and Corruption: Empirical Analysis of Russian Regions Abstract: Recent economic geography research has identified the round-tripping of capital from emerging economies to offshore financial centers (OFCs) and back as foreign direct investment (FDI) as a central element of the global offshore FDI network. However, the factors behind this phenomenon are not yet fully understood. Our study develops a general framework that conceptualizes the phenomenon of round-trip investment. In particular, we argue that secrecy arbitrage, defined as interplay of onshore corruption and offshore secrecy, largely explains round-trip investment between onshore jurisdictions and OFCs. First, we argue that part of the round-trip FDI consists of proceeds from corruption, which is laundered in OFCs and reinvested back to the location of origin. Second, we maintain that the secrecy dimension of the OFC also motivates the round-tripping of licit capital, as businesses use the secrecy provided by OFCs to hide their true identities from corrupt authorities in the home location. To test the validity of our argument about onshore corruption as a driver for round-trip investment, we empirically analyze firm-level data on the distribution of offshore FDI (which, we argue, is largely round-trip) across Russian regions. Our empirical findings confirm that FDI from OFCs is positively associated with host region corruption, and this relationship is stronger for OFCs with a higher secrecy score. Hence, we conclude that round-trip FDI is strongly motivated by the interplay between onshore corruption and offshore secrecy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 305-341 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12093 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12093 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:305-341 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alex Cobham Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: Cobham Author-Name: Petr Janský Author-X-Name-First: Petr Author-X-Name-Last: Janský Author-Name: Markus Meinzer Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Meinzer Title: The Financial Secrecy Index: Shedding New Light on the Geography of Secrecy Abstract: Both academic research and public policy debate around tax havens and offshore finance typically suffer from a lack of definitional consistency. Unsurprisingly then, there is little agreement about which jurisdictions ought to be considered as tax havens—or which policy measures would result in their not being so considered. In this article we explore and make operational an alternative concept, that of a secrecy jurisdiction and present the findings of the resulting Financial Secrecy Index (FSI). The FSI ranks countries and jurisdictions according to their contribution to opacity in global financial flows, revealing a quite different geography of financial secrecy from the image of small island tax havens that may still dominate popular perceptions and some of the literature on offshore finance. Some major (secrecy-supplying) economies now come into focus. Instead of a binary division between tax havens and others, the results show a secrecy spectrum, on which all jurisdictions can be situated, and that adjustment for the scale of business is necessary in order to compare impact propensity. This approach has the potential to support more precise and granular research findings and policy recommendations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 281-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12094 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12094 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:281-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jacqueline Geoghegan Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline Author-X-Name-Last: Geoghegan Title: . Edited by Joshua M. Duke and Junjie Wu Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 381-383 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12096 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12096 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:381-383 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Author-Name: Karen P. Y. Lai Author-X-Name-First: Karen P. Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: Editorial Introduction to the Special Section: Deconstructing Offshore Finance Abstract: Recent scandals involving large corporations including Amazon, Apple, Google, Starbucks, and HSBC have highlighted the problems of tax avoidance, evasion, and offshore financial activities. Considering their significance to growing inequality and financial instability, renewed media and public attention is well justified, and new research on these topics urgent. At the same time, however, there is confusion in the very use of the term offshore finance. Some apply it interchangeably with tax havens; others go as far as to use it as a synonym of international finance. We argue that offshore finance needs a precise definition and careful positioning in a broader economic geographical framework. We suggest a definition based on the legal and accounting, in addition to financial, aspects of offshore finance, and we propose the concept of global financial networks to situate offshore jurisdictions and offshore finance in the firm–territory nexus and in relation to global production networks. This sets the stage for the three research articles presented in this issue, which map offshore financial networks at global and regional scales, and investigate their causes and mechanisms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 237-249 Issue: 3 Volume: 91 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12098 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12098 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:91:y:2015:i:3:p:237-249 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Florida Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Florida Author-Name: Mark Atlas Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Atlas Author-Name: Matt Cline Author-X-Name-First: Matt Author-X-Name-Last: Cline Title: What Makes Companies Green? Organizational and Geographic Factors in the Adoption of Environmental Practices Abstract: In this paper we advance the hypothesis that organizational factors play a key role in the adoption of environmental innovations, referred to as environmentally conscious manufacturing (ECM) practices. We distinguish among three classes of organizational factors: organizational resources, organizational innovativeness, and performance monitoring systems. The research also explores the interplay of organizational factors and spatial or geographic factors (such as proximity to customers and suppliers) in the adoption of ECM practices. We employ a structured field research design, involving “matched pairs” of plants, to address these issues. The findings confirm the hypothesis. Organizational factors matter significantly in the process of ECM adoption. Furthermore, two classes of organizational factors are particularly significant to ECM adoption: organizational resources and performance monitoring systems. Performance monitoring systems composed of quantitative goals and related metrics are a particularly key factor. The research finds that geographic or spatial factors have little effect on the adoption of ECM practices, reflecting the significant geographic distance between customers and suppliers in the sample. There may be reason to expect that geographic factors play a more significant role, but this is a subject for future research. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 209-224 Issue: 3 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00162.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00162.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:3:p:209-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Holly M. Hapke Author-X-Name-First: Holly M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hapke Title: Petty Traders, Gender, and Development in a South Indian Fishery Abstract: In this paper I examine the impact of mechanization and commercialization on small-scale fish traders in Kerala, India, with special emphasis on gender and the impact of economic transformation on women fish traders. I explore the relationship of women’s work in distribution to production and how this has changed with capitalist development. I argue that because women’s roles in the fish economy have been overlooked, they have experienced economic marginalization at the same time that their labor has become increasingly important for household survival. Such marginalization stems from a qualitative change that has taken place in their relationship to production and marketing as a result of capitalist development and the ecological crisis it has engendered. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 225-249 Issue: 3 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00163.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00163.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:3:p:225-249 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Author-Name: Daniel Mansfield Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Mansfield Author-Name: Adam Tickell Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Tickell Title: Emergent Frameworks in Global Finance: Accounting Standards and German Supplementary Pensions Abstract: Adoption of international and U.S. financial accounting standards by leading German corporations presages a new era in European capital markets, with important implications for the design and management of German supplementary pensions. In this paper, we first introduce financial accounting standards boards, the evolution of U.S. pension accounting standards since ERISA (1974), and the introduction of FASB 87. We emphasize the quiet campaign by national and international accounting professionals to harmonize corporate accounting and the measurement of pension liabilities to accepted international standards. Using data collected from 1998 annual reports for German firms in the DAX 30 index, we report on and explain the adoption of international accounting standards by large German firms. This takes us to an analysis of the scope and significance of corporate pension liabilities. Noting the connection between accounting standards and global capital markets, we identify the implications of harmonization of German supplementary pension and retirement benefit systems for the mechanisms of financing benefits, the valuation of assets and liabilities, and the advantages and disadvantages of defined benefit as opposed to defined contribution plans. In combination, we show that historical differences between the Anglo-American system of corporate governance and the German system of entrenched management within interlocking boards of supervision and the representation of stakeholders’ interests are now less compelling than assumed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 250-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00164.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00164.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:3:p:250-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Strait Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Strait Title: The Disparate Impact of Metropolitan Economic Change: The Growth of Extreme Poverty Neighborhoods, 1970–1990 Abstract: Metropolitan areas have experienced an increase in neighborhood poverty over the last few decades. Two lines of explanation for such poverty growth focus on the role of economic transformations and increasing welfare dependency. This paper considers the argument that the growth of extreme poverty is related to a number of complex economic changes at the metropolitan level that have had variable impacts on the nature of poverty neighborhoods. Using 1970, 1980, and 1990 economic and population data for a sample of 205 metropolitan areas, I found that employment dynamics had significant effects on the growth of extreme poverty among African-Americans, whites, and Hispanics. My interpretations partially confirm Wilson’s deindustrialization hypothesis, as metropolitan areas experiencing declining employment availability within the manufacturing/construction sector exhibited the greatest increase in extreme poverty during the 1970s, especially among African-Americans. However, the effect of deindustrialization on neighborhood poverty declined over time. During the 1980s poverty became more generally linked to changes within other economic sectors, notably retail. Moreover, in certain contexts, the public sector functions as an employment niche that limits poverty growth among minorities. My findings provide no support for the “conservative hypothesis” linking concentrated urban poverty to the availability of welfare benefits. Empirical analysis incorporates the concept of metropolitan contingency, or the notion that the impacts of economic change on poverty are significantly conditioned by the nature of metropolitan economic structure. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 272-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00165.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00165.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:3:p:272-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna J. Secor Author-X-Name-First: Anna J. Author-X-Name-Last: Secor Author-Name: Milford B. Green Author-X-Name-First: Milford B. Author-X-Name-Last: Green Author-Name: S.L. Brian Ceh Author-X-Name-First: S.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Brian Ceh Author-Name: You-tien Hsing Author-X-Name-First: You-tien Author-X-Name-Last: Hsing Author-Name: Adrian J. Bailey Author-X-Name-First: Adrian J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bailey Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 306-314 Issue: 3 Volume: 77 Year: 2001 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00166.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2001.tb00166.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:77:y:2001:i:3:p:306-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefan Ouma Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma Title: Global Standards, Local Realities: Private Agrifood Governance and the Restructuring of the Kenyan Horticulture Industry Abstract: Over the past decade, private food safety and quality standards have become focal points in the supply chain management of large retailers, reshaping governance patterns in global agrifood chains. In this article, I analyze the relationship between private collective standards and the governance of agrifood markets, using the EUREPGAP/GLOBALGAP standard as a vantage point. I discuss the impact of this standard on the organization of supply chains of fresh vegetables in the Kenyan horticulture industry, focusing on the supply chain relationships and practices among exporters and smallholder farmers. In so doing, I seek to highlight the often-contested nature of the implementation of standards in social fields that are marked by different and distributed principles of evaluating quality, production processes, and legitimate actions in the marketplace. I also reconstruct the challenges and opportunities that exporters and farmers are facing with regard to the implementation of and compliance with standards. Finally, I elaborate on the scope for action that producers and policymakers have under these structures to retain sectoral competitiveness in a global economy of qualities. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 197-222 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01065.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01065.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:197-222 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Stenning Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Stenning Author-Name: Adrian Smith Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Alena Rochovská Author-X-Name-First: Alena Author-X-Name-Last: Rochovská Author-Name: Dariusz Świątek Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Świątek Title: Credit, Debt, and Everyday Financial Practices: Low-Income Households in Two Postsocialist Cities Abstract: In recent years, increasing attention has been paid within social and economic geography to questions of finance, particularly to the ways in which individuals and households domesticate developing financial institutions and products. However, there have been few analyses of these practices in the study of the postsocialist world, even though in many ways, postsocialist societies have been at the forefront of the extension of financial products and services and the ensuing remaking of economic practices. This article responds to this lacuna by exploring the experiences of everyday household financial practices in two postsocialist cities—Kraków and Bratislava—in an attempt to understand how households, particularly poor households, negotiate the remaking of financial practices as the wider landscapes of banking and access to financial services are remade. In the context of a wider project that also explores consumption, housing, care work, and other forms of labor, the article connects to ongoing work in economic geography to explore how postsocialist households manage their precarious budgets, engaging in a multiplicity of practices of lending and borrowing and credit and debt that combine the old and the new, the formal and the informal, the global and the local. These articulations reflect the ways in which households domesticate finance, such that their financial practices are a result of a combination of their agency, assets, knowledge, and geographies; their socioeconomic status; and the developing structures of financial institutions and support a conclusion that calls into question singular accounts of neoliberalization in East Central Europe. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-145 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01066.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01066.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:119-145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jörg Sydow Author-X-Name-First: Jörg Author-X-Name-Last: Sydow Author-Name: Frank Lerch Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Lerch Author-Name: Udo Staber Author-X-Name-First: Udo Author-X-Name-Last: Staber Title: Planning for Path Dependence? The Case of a Network in the Berlin-Brandenburg Optics Cluster Abstract: Much research on regional business clusters refers to path dependence as a central feature in the evolution of cluster structures. In many cases, however, little is known about the agentic processes and mechanisms that underlie path dependence. In this article, we explore changes in a specific network in the optics cluster in the German region of Berlin-Brandenburg to show that development of clusters can be driven by elements of both emergence and planning. In particular, we argue that current actors actively and purposively draw upon rules and resources that were shaped not only in the long and discontinuous history of the cluster but also in the recent process of network development that involves careful planning and well-structured planning tools. Using central concepts from structuration theory, we show how agency is implicated in the coordination of the network and how agency turns coordination into a self-reinforcing mechanism. The findings suggest that purposive planning involves a fundamental ambivalence in the processes and outcomes of path dependence, at the level of both the cluster and its constituent networks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 173-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01067.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01067.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:173-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maryann P. Feldman Author-X-Name-First: Maryann P. Author-X-Name-Last: Feldman Author-Name: Iryna Lendel Author-X-Name-First: Iryna Author-X-Name-Last: Lendel Title: Under the Lens: The Geography of Optical Science as an Emerging Industry Abstract: Optical science is the study of light and the ways in which light interacts with matter. Although its origins coincide with the earliest scientific inquiry, modern optics is an enabling technology that is applied to a variety of intermediate markets—telecommunication equipment, medical devices, scientific instruments, semiconductors, imaging and reproduction, defense and security, and retail logistics. One difficulty in studying emerging technology is the limitation of current industrial categories and patent classes. This article examines the geography of optical science inventions using a new methodology that can be applied to study other emerging industries. We rely on companies that self-identify as working on optics on the basis of their voluntary membership in the Optics Society of America. We investigate the inventive activity of these companies from 2004 to 2007 and identify a set of International Patent Classes that defines the emergent technology space in optical science. Using this definition, we then analyze all the organizations that are inventing in optical science. We find that inventive activity is geographically concentrated: patenting takes place in 240 urban areas, although 84 percent of the patents were invented in 30 metropolitan areas and almost 50 percent were attributed to 11 metropolitan areas. The article considers the organizations that are shaping the emerging technology and the consequences for geographic clusters. Our results reveal that the geographic distribution of inventive activity does not reflect the location of self-designated regional optics clusters in the United States but suggests a more nuanced understanding of the emergence of industries. We conclude by considering lessons about the development of clusters in emerging industries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 147-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01068.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01068.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:147-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Terry Flew Author-X-Name-First: Terry Author-X-Name-Last: Flew Title: . By Brett Christophers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 229-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01069.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01069.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:229-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie A. Silva Author-X-Name-First: Julie A. Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Title: . By Pierre-Philippe Combes, Thierry Mayer and Jacques-François Thisse Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 223-224 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01070.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01070.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:223-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julius Mugwagwa Author-X-Name-First: Julius Author-X-Name-Last: Mugwagwa Title: . By Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka and Rajah Rasiah Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01071.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01071.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:227-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brent McCusker Author-X-Name-First: Brent Author-X-Name-Last: McCusker Title: By Debal Deb Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 225-226 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01072.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01072.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:225-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Winifred Curran Author-X-Name-First: Winifred Author-X-Name-Last: Curran Title: . By Helen Jarvis with Paula Kantor and Jonathan Clarke Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 231-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 86 Year: 2010 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01073.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2010.01073.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:86:y:2010:i:2:p:231-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David P. Angel Author-X-Name-First: David P. Author-X-Name-Last: Angel Title: Editorial: Studying Global Economic Change Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 253-255 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00186.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00186.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:253-255 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richa Nagar Author-X-Name-First: Richa Author-X-Name-Last: Nagar Author-Name: Victoria Lawson Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Lawson Author-Name: Linda McDowell Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: McDowell Author-Name: Susan Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Title: Locating Globalization: Feminist (Re)readings of the Subjects and Spaces of Globalization Abstract: The literatures on economic globalization and feminist understandings of global processes have largely remained separate. In this article, our goal is to bring them into productive conversation so that research on globalization can benefit from feminist engagements with globalization. In the first section, which focuses on the conceptual challenges of bringing the economic globalization literature into conversation with feminist analysis, we identify several key exclusions in that literature and propose parallel inclusions that a feminist reading of globalization suggests. Our suggested inclusions relate to the spaces, scales, subjects, and forms of work that research on economic globalization has largely neglected. The second section takes up several key themes in the large body of feminist research on global economic processes, which is also largely absent from the economic globalization literature: the gendering of work, gender and structural adjustment programs, and mobility and diaspora. In the final section, we address the implications of feminist epistemologies and methodologies for research on economic globalization. Here we argue for grounded, collaborative studies that incorporate perspectives of the south as well as the north and that construct understandings of place and the local, as well as space and general global processes; we point to the coconstitution of different geographic scales and highlight the need for studies that cut across them. The article demonstrates how a feminist analysis of globalization entails far more than recognizing the importance of gender; it requires substantial rethinking of how to conceptualize, study, and act in relation to economic globalization. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 257-284 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00187.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00187.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:257-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-chung Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Title: The Limits to Globalization Theory: A Geographic Perspective on Global Economic Change Abstract: The nature of globalization and global economic change has been a subject of immense academic research during the past two decades. The Janus face of globalization, however, continues to obfuscate our understanding of its complex processes and alleged geographic outcomes. In this article, I theorize on the indispensable role of geography in conceptualizing economic globalization. I argue that economic globalization is an inherently geographic phenomenon in relation to the transcendence and switchability of geographic scales and discursive practices as sociospatial constructions. Given its complex spatiality, economic globalization is more a phenomenon in need of explanations than a universal cause of empirically observable outcomes in the so-called globalization theory. To illustrate my theoretical claims, I analyze the complex interrelationships between globalization processes and the recent Asian economic crisis. Some implications for future globalization research in geography are offered. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 285-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00188.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00188.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:285-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Sheppard Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Sheppard Title: The Spaces and Times of Globalization: Place, Scale, Networks, and Positionality Abstract: Discussions of the spatiality of globalization have largely focused on place-based attributes that fix globalization locally, on globalization as the construction of scale, and on networks as a distinctive feature of contemporary globalization. By contrast, position within the global economy is frequently regarded as anachronistic in a shrinking, networked world. A critical review of how place, scale, and networks are used as metaphors for the spatiality of globalization suggests that space/time still matters. Positionality (position in relational space/time within the global economy) is conceptualized as both shaping and shaped by the trajectories of globalization and as influencing the conditions of possibility of places in a globalizing world. The wormhole is invoked as a way of describing the concrete geographies of positionality and their non-Euclidean relationship to the Earth’s surface. The inclusion of positionality challenges the simplicity of pro- and antiglobalization narratives and can change how we think about globalization and devise strategies to alter its trajectory. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 307-330 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00189.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00189.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:307-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Peck Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Title: Political Economies of Scale: Fast Policy, Interscalar Relations, and Neoliberal Workfare Abstract: Taking as its point of departure recent debates on the theoretical status of scale and rescaling in political-economic geography, this article explores the scalar politics of neoliberal workfare. This tendentially hegemonic form of neoliberal social and labor-market policy combines objectives of the dismantling of welfare and the rollback of entitlements with an insistent focus on the activation and enforcement of work. The welfare/workfare restructuring process is an illustration of a deeply politicized and highly dynamic form of regulatory rescaling, based inter alia on the selective appropriation of disembedded local programming models and their purposeful circulation around extralocal policy networks, the dumping of regulatory risks and responsibilities at the local scale and that of the “poor body,” and the complex orchestration of ostensibly decentralized policy regimes by national states and transnational agencies and intermediaries. The rollback of Keynesian-welfarist institutions at the level of the national state provides the (scaled) context for the emergence of these neoliberalized political forms, but crucially, these forms are also beginning to exhibit their own distinctive dynamics and logics—captured here in terms of an ascendant regime of “fast-policy” formation. Workfare regimes are not monolithic systems, but dynamic configurations of restless reform, technocratic emulation, and tangled scalar relations. Politically constructed, they are also responsive/subject to (scaled) processes of local policy failure and social contestation. Scale and scale relations certainly matter, then, but in ways that are politically mediated and institutionally specific, rather than theoretically preordained. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 331-360 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00190.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00190.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:331-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gavin Bridge Author-X-Name-First: Gavin Author-X-Name-Last: Bridge Title: Grounding Globalization: The Prospects and Perils of Linking Economic Processes of Globalization to Environmental Outcomes Abstract: This article advances the argument that economic geography has prioritized the understanding of processes over the evaluation of outcomes. Contemporary research on globalization—like earlier studies of industrial restructuring, deindustrialization, and “localities”—tends to address outcomes only in so far as they shed light on underlying processes. Yet the earlier generation of research also produced a number of instructive methodological and epistemological critiques that now frame current attempts to understand the socioenvironmental effects of globalization. Three of these challenges are outlined in the context of research on the environmental effects of foreign direct investment: linking processes with outcomes; bridging across scales; and demonstrating the “difference that difference makes.” The article contrasts the limited engagement by economic geographers with globalization’s environmental effects with a growing body of work outside geography. Preliminary links between this well-developed, external literature and proximate bodies of geographic scholarship are put forth to demonstrate how hybrid approaches may best be able to capture the ways in which processes of economic globalization drive environmental outcomes. The article concludes with a worked example of ongoing research into the environmental impacts of foreign direct investment to illustrate how such an approach may engage globalization “on the ground.” Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 361-386 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00191.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00191.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:361-386 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Peet Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Peet Author-Name: Lynn A. Staeheli Author-X-Name-First: Lynn A. Author-X-Name-Last: Staeheli Author-Name: Susanne Freidberg Author-X-Name-First: Susanne Author-X-Name-Last: Freidberg Author-Name: Karen J. Bakker Author-X-Name-First: Karen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 387-397 Issue: 3 Volume: 78 Year: 2002 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00192.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2002.tb00192.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:78:y:2002:i:3:p:387-397 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Coro Chasco Author-X-Name-First: Coro Author-X-Name-Last: Chasco Author-Name: Julie Le Gallo Author-X-Name-First: Julie Le Author-X-Name-Last: Gallo Title: The Impact of Objective and Subjective Measures of Air Quality and Noise on House Prices: A Multilevel Approach for Downtown Madrid Abstract: Air quality and urban noise are major concerns in big cities. This article presents an evaluation of how they affect transaction prices in downtown M adrid. For this purpose, we incorporated both objective and subjective measures of air quality and noise and used multilevel models, since our sample was hierarchically organized into three levels: 5,080 houses (level 1) in 759 census tracts (level 2) and 43 neighborhoods (level 3). Variables are available for each level, individual characteristics for the first level, and various socioeconomic data for the other levels. We estimated multilevel hedonic models to assess the marginal willingness to pay for better air quality and reduced noise in downtown M adrid. We found that noise and air pollution are place-based perception variables with a so-called halo effect: residents in wealthier neighborhoods do not perceive their environment as being highly polluted because of their higher “sense of place.” In addition, we found a counterintuitive positive sign for the effect of objective measures of pollutants on housing prices but a significantly negative effect of the subjective measures. For these reasons, we conclude that housing prices are better explained by subjective evaluation factors than by objective measurements. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 127-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01172.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01172.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:127-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bastian Lange Author-X-Name-First: Bastian Author-X-Name-Last: Lange Author-Name: Hans-Joachim Bürkner Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Joachim Author-X-Name-Last: Bürkner Title: Value Creation in Scene-based Music Production: The Case of Electronic Club Music in Germany Abstract: The focus of this article is on the variability of value creation in the popular music industry. Recent trends in electronic music have been based on both the valorization of global tastes and of local specialities in performance and production. Depending on musical styles and market niches, local scenes have become important forces behind heterogeneous “globalocal” markets. At the same time, technological change and the virtualization of music production and distribution contribute to increasingly differentiated configurations of value creation. It is therefore necessary to reconstruct theoretically and empirically the new interplay among the local music production, digital media markets, and virtual communities that are involved. On the basis of empirical explorations in a German hot spot of electronic club-music production (the city of B erlin), the article indentifies local interaction practice and constellations of stakeholders. The findings show that value creation in these rapidly changing production scenes has moved away from the large-scale distribution of producer-induced media to audience-induced live performance and interactive soundtrack production. This change involves the rising importance of cultural embeddings such as taste building, reputation building among artists and producers, and local community building. Starting from an open theoretical problematization of value creation with regard to fluid scenes and shifting modes of production, the results of first empirical reconstructions are taken as inputs to an evolving discussion on the configurations of value creation in consumer-based strands of music production. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 149-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12002 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12002 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:149-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matt Huber Author-X-Name-First: Matt Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Title: Fueling Capitalism: Oil, the Regulation Approach, and the Ecology of Capital Abstract: Despite a deepening set of socioecological contradictions, it is remarkable that oil’s centrality to capitalism persists. In economic geography, the regulation approach has been useful in explaining the persistence of capitalism despite its contradictory tendencies, and scholars have recently applied the regulation approach to the geography of natural resources and environmental governance. In this article, I argue that environmental regulation theory is ill equipped to explain the persistence of petro-capitalism in the U nited S tates. This literature has been constructed largely through a critique of regulation theory on two grounds: ignoring the ecological dimension and relying on periodization. Conversely, I aim to show that petro-capitalism can be usefully analyzed through the very classical regulationist lens that environmental appropriations jettison. First, rather than positing nature as an unexamined “extra-economic” dimension, the case of oil reveals how ecology can be integrated into a foundational concept of the regulation approach—the wage relation. Specifically, the F ordist wage relation of mass production for mass consumption was dependent on the construction of a specific kind of “high energy economy.” Massive productivity gains in the labor process, powered by electricity, created larger pressures for an equally energy-intensive geography of consumption. In this respect, oil played a decisive role in the extension of the spaces between home and work through the partial generalization of automobility and single-family home ownership. Second, I attempt to recuperate the method of “periodization” by explaining how a set of institutional supports served to regularize the provision of oil through the domestic oil market from 1935 through 1972. I end with a discussion of the “institutional exhaustion” of a specifically national form of petro-F ordism during the 1970s. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 171-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12006 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12006 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:171-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Percoco Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Percoco Title: The Fight Against Disease: Malaria and Economic Development in Italian Regions Abstract: Malaria is thought to be strictly related to underdevelopment and poverty, and its geographically related origin is now widely recognized. That is, it is endemic only in certain areas of the globe, with environmental and climatic characteristics that are ideal for the proliferation of mosquitoes, which are the vector for transmitting the disease. This feature is the main reason why a large body of economic literature uses mortality from malaria as a proxy with which to measure the effect of geography on human outcomes. Cases of eradication are being scrutinized by scholars to determine the socioeconomic impacts of malaria. Among the various malaria parasites, the worst, P lasmodium falciparum, infested I talian regions for centuries until its eradication in the period 1945–50. This article presents an empirical assessment of the economic outcomes of the eradication of malaria in the I talian regions by exploiting the spatial variation in mortality rates. I found support for the hypothesis that the eradication of malaria increases human capital in the long run. In particular, I found that eradication increased the years of schooling by about 0.3 years, although my evidence suggests a greater effect on males than on females. Moreover, I found support for a long-run impact of eradication actions that operated through an intergenerational spillover effect and accounted for about 0.07 years of schooling. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 105-125 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12008 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12008 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:105-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jill K. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Jill K. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: . By Jennifer Clapp Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 195-196 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12010 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12010 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:195-196 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Dirksmeier Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Dirksmeier Title: . Edited by Gunnar Törnqvist Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 197-198 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12011 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12011 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:197-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Murray D. Rice Author-X-Name-First: Murray D. Author-X-Name-Last: Rice Title: . By William P. Anderson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 199-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12012 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12012 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:199-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mi Shih Author-X-Name-First: Mi Author-X-Name-Last: Shih Title: . Edited by Colin McFarlane and Michael Waibel Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 201-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 89 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12013 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12013 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:89:y:2013:i:2:p:201-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph Nevins Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Nevins Title: Contesting the Boundaries of International Justice: State Countermapping and Offshore Resource Struggles Between East Timor and Australia Abstract: The ongoing struggle between East Timor and Australia over access to and control of the oil and natural gas resources contained within the seabed between the two countries is manifest in the form of contested boundaries. Each side attempts to buttress its claim through, among other means, competing cartographic representations. In examining this case study, this article asserts that what has come to be known as countermapping is not limited to the activities of nonstate actors and social movements that are struggling over resources and territory within a particular nation-state. Relatively weak states also can and do engage in such activities in challenging other states. Given the nature of power relations within the realm of international affairs and the weakness of international judicial mechanisms, however, countermapping as a resource-claiming device and tactic of relatively marginal states can be only one tool in a larger strategy that resists and/or challenges the status quo. The results of the strategy are thus contingent not merely on the authoritativeness of alternative maps and the rightness of the position on which these maps are based, but, what is more important, on the use of social power and the concomitant ability to determine the scope and scales of the conflict, as well as the larger context in which the struggle unfolds. By highlighting the importance of social power, scale, and scope, the case study presented here provides analytical, strategic, and tactical tools for those who are engaged in or are examining countermapping-type struggles of both the social-movement and state sorts. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00226.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00226.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Sadler Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Sadler Author-Name: Bob Fagan Author-X-Name-First: Bob Author-X-Name-Last: Fagan Title: Australian Trade Unions and the Politics of Scale: Reconstructing the Spatiality of Industrial Relations Abstract: In this article, we explore responses of trade unions to the reconfiguration of the Australian industrial relations system in the 1990s. We argue that a major characteristic of these changes is the way in which they were socially constructed as necessary imperatives of globalization and new modes of production. Our interpretation focuses on the importance of geographic scale. We contend that a relational sense of scale is consistent with an analysis of the situatedness of labor practices and that Australia has witnessed a particularly striking use of “globalization” as political narrative. We then detail key features of the new industrial relations environment in Australia that have transformed a system that was once exceptional in its degree of nationally centralized negotiation and collective bargaining. The implications of two important confrontations related to the 1996 Workplace Relations Act are explored in detail: the conflicts between transnational mining giant Rio Tinto and the mineworkers’ union over reform in the Australian coal industry and the waterfront dispute over working practices and relations in Australian ports. In conclusion, we draw out some of the broader lessons from these events in the context of rescaling processes. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00227.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00227.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:23-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diane Perrons Author-X-Name-First: Diane Author-X-Name-Last: Perrons Title: Understanding Social and Spatial Divisions in the New Economy: New Media Clusters and the Digital Divide Abstract: Economic inequality is increasing but has been sidelined in some of the recent debates in urban and regional studies. This article outlines a holistic framework for economic geography, which focuses on understanding social and spatial divisions, by drawing on economists’ ideas about the new economy and feminist perspectives on social reproduction. The framework is illustrated with reference to the emerging new media cluster in Brighton and Hove, which, as a consequence, emerges less as a new technology cluster and more as a reflection of increasing social divisions in the new economy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 45-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00228.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00228.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:45-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah A. Blue Author-X-Name-First: Sarah A. Author-X-Name-Last: Blue Title: State Policy, Economic Crisis, Gender, and Family Ties: Determinants of Family Remittances to Cuba Abstract: This article advances the argument that changing economic conditions in the home country act as an important determinant for sending remittances. Research on the determinants of remittances has tended to focus on the characteristics of the sending population. In the case of Cuba, disproportionate attention is paid to political disincentives to send remittances and not enough to changing state policy and the growing economic demand for remittances in that country. Using empirical data gathered from households in Havana, this article tests the importance of economic conditions in the home country, political ideology, the relationship of the sender to the receiver, the length of time away from home, and gender as determinants for remittances. Migration during an economic crisis, having immediate relatives in the home country, and female gender positively influenced remittance behavior for Cuban emigrants. Visits to the home country, especially for migrants who had left decades earlier, were found to be critical for reestablishing family connections and increasing remittances. No support was found for political disincentives as a major determinant of remittance sending to Cuba. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 63-82 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00229.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00229.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:63-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Zeller Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Zeller Title: North Atlantic Innovative Relations of Swiss Pharmaceuticals and the Proximities with Regional Biotech Arenas Abstract: Under the pressure of increased global competition and processes of concentration, the pharmaceutical giants are reorganizing their innovative capacities. Technology and research and development (R&D) play a key role in the competitive strategies of multinational pharmaceutical companies. This article analyzes the interrelation of the far-reaching but spatially selective international expansion of R&D and technology of a major Swiss pharmaceutical company and its anchoring in regional arenas of innovation. It combines this international technological expansion with a perspective on integrating spatial and social proximities. Multinational corporations (MNCs) tend to locate their R&D activities in regions that are characterized by a richness of knowledge. The structure of inter- and intrafirm networks is shaped by the geography of talent. The Swiss pharmaceutical giants made substantial efforts to anchor themselves in regional arenas of innovation, such as the San Francisco Bay Area, Boston, and San Diego. A case study of a pharmaceutical giant’s embedding in the biotech arena of San Diego reveals how oligopolistic rivals fight over privileged access to spatially concentrated bases of technology. MNCs attempt to create, complement, and substitute spatial proximity with other types of social proximities, internal as well as external to their own organizations. These efforts contribute to the generation of specific global-local interfaces in the processes of global scanning, transferring, and generating new pharmaceutical compounds and technologies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 83-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00230.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00230.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:83-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ross. D MacKinnon Author-X-Name-First: Ross. D Author-X-Name-Last: MacKinnon Title: by Leslie Curry Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00231.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00231.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Birkenholtz Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Birkenholtz Title: By Navroz K. Dubash Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 80 Year: 2004 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00232.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00232.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:80:y:2004:i:1:p:115-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luke Drake Author-X-Name-First: Luke Author-X-Name-Last: Drake Title: Surplus Labor and Subjectivity in Urban Agriculture: Embodied Work, Contested Work Abstract: This article examines unpaid work within urban agriculture sites. It focuses on the extra work—the surplus labor—that is performed to sustain these sites and how this work relates to subject formation. Land access and subjectivities are widely discussed in the urban agriculture literature, particularly in the Global North, but recent research has also identified the continual supply of labor as a crucial issue as well. However, work dynamics of urban agriculture have seldom been the object of analysis, and little is known about the relationship between unpaid urban agriculture work and subjectivity. I argue that surplus labor is useful for analysis because of the surplus value that is produced through urban agriculture. I draw on the theoretical framework of diverse economies to examine surplus labor through an antiessentialist form of class analysis. A case study from New Jersey, USA, is based on two years of participant observation and forty-eight interviews in twenty cities. The case study reveals how surplus labor is performed, the techniques used to appropriate and distribute surplus labor, the subject formation that occurs through this surplus labor, and models of surplus food distribution that emerge from the juncture of surplus and subjectivity. Conclusions point to contested work practices and the embodied experience of surplus production as keys to subject formation. More broadly, it sheds light on the processes through which surplus labor is performed in unpaid informal forms of enterprise and the role that subject formation plays in that labor. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 179-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1492875 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1492875 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:179-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Danny MacKinnon Author-X-Name-First: Danny Author-X-Name-Last: MacKinnon Author-Name: Stuart Dawley Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Dawley Author-Name: Andy Pike Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Pike Author-Name: Andrew Cumbers Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Cumbers Title: Rethinking Path Creation: A Geographical Political Economy Approach Abstract: A burgeoning strand of evolutionary economic geography (EEG) research is addressing questions of regional path creation, based on the idea that place-specific legacies and conditions play a critical role in supporting the emergence of new economic activities. Yet there has been little effort thus far to take stock of this emerging body of research. In response, the aims of this article are to offer a fresh synthesis of recent work and to develop a broader theoretical framework to inform future research. First, it presents a critical appraisal of the state of the art in path creation research. In an effort to address identified gaps in EEG research, this incorporates insights from sociological perspectives, the global production networks approach, and transition studies. Second, the article’s development of a systematic theoretical framework is based on the identification of key dimensions of path creation and their constitutive interrelations. This contribution is underpinned by a geographical political economy (GPE) approach that provides the ontological basis for the integration of the five key dimensions of path creation within an overarching framework and the positioning of regional processes in relation to the broader dynamics of uneven development. Informed by GPE, the argument is that knowledgeable actors, operating within multiscalar institutional environments, create paths through the strategic coupling of regional and extraregional assets to mechanisms of path creation and associated markets. To inform further research, the article outlines four concrete propositions regarding the operation of path creation processes in different types of regions and explores these through case studies of Berlin and Pittsburgh. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-135 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1498294 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1498294 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:113-135 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Felipe Irarrázaval Author-X-Name-First: Felipe Author-X-Name-Last: Irarrázaval Author-Name: Beatriz Bustos-Gallardo Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz Author-X-Name-Last: Bustos-Gallardo Title: Global Salmon Networks: Unpacking Ecological Contradictions at the Production Stage Abstract: Firms’ strategies for turning nature into commodities are heavily oriented toward reducing the ecological indeterminacy of the production process by controlling its biophysical properties to ensure that nature commodification leads to a profitable business. However, research on global production networks (GPNs) has not focused on firms’ strategies in controlling the impacts of biophysical properties on the production network’s organization. This article aims to fill this gap by reviewing the literature on GPN and resource geographies on nature’s transformation into commodities to show how, in resource-based industries, ecological contradictions establish the territorial embeddedness and value dynamics of the production network. This article empirically examines the production of Atlantic salmon in Chile and how firms’ strategies for handling the ecological contradictions after an economic crisis (infectious salmon anemia virus crisis) changed the spatial production network’s organization and constrained the value-creation process. The results of this work aid in the understanding of firms’ strategies at the production stage as drivers of the continuities and changes in production networks. Finally, the connection between value dynamics and ecological contradictions opens a set of challenges to this research agenda. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 159-178 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1506700 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1506700 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:159-178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Mouat Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Mouat Author-Name: Russell Prince Author-X-Name-First: Russell Author-X-Name-Last: Prince Author-Name: Michael M. Roche Author-X-Name-First: Michael M. Author-X-Name-Last: Roche Title: Making Value Out of Ethics: The Emerging Economic Geography of Lab-grown Meat and Other Animal-free Food Products Abstract: Animal-free animal food products, such as lab-grown meat and synthesized milk, are on the cusp of appearing in the supermarket. With the network of techno-science startups and university laboratories with venture capital, research grants, and donations flowing into them, the transition from techno-fantasy to actually existing industry could occur in the next few years. But the emerging animal-free food industry is a site of social and economic experimentation beyond what is occurring in the laboratory. A particular ethical and moral claim is at the center of this industry-in-potential, with it offering a food future free from the environmental degradation and animal cruelty of existing animal agriculture-led food chains, and it is around this claim that experiments with the construction of value are occurring. Drawing on assemblage theory, we argue that practices associated with things like veganism and beneficent techno-scientific research emerge from existing assemblages, including agrifood production networks, and get arranged and deployed in ways that are potentially economically productive in the making of this industry. This demonstrates how ethics are not just something folded back through the production process from the consumption end but are at the heart of how value is formed within it. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 136-158 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1508994 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1508994 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:136-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ken MacLean Author-X-Name-First: Ken Author-X-Name-Last: MacLean Title: A review of Border Capitalism, Disrupted: Precarity and Struggle in a Southeast Asian Industrial Zone. By Stephen Campbell Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 206-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1526072 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1526072 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:206-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sara Hinkley Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Hinkley Title: A review of Money and Finance after the Crisis: Critical Thinking for Uncertain Times. Edited by Brett Christophers, Andrew Leyshon, and Geoff Mann. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 204-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1536857 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1536857 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:204-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maxwell Hartt Author-X-Name-First: Maxwell Author-X-Name-Last: Hartt Title: A review of Degrowth. By Giorgos Kallis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 202-203 Issue: 2 Volume: 95 Year: 2019 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1537714 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2018.1537714 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:95:y:2019:i:2:p:202-203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pédraig Carmody Author-X-Name-First: Pédraig Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody Title: Neoclassical Practice and the Collapse of Industry in Zimbabwe: The Cases of Textiles, Clothing, and Footwear Abstract: The World Bank predicted that export-oriented, labor-intensive manufacturing industries, such as textiles, clothing, and footwear, would expand rapidly once Zimbabwe liberalized its economy under structural adjustment. In sharp contrast to these predictions, however, these subsectors have all but collapsed. A large part of the reason for this disjuncture between neoclassical theory and reality relates to a misunderstanding of the way in which markets, particularly those of trade and finance, interact with production in particular contexts. More appropriate alternative approaches to economic development in Africa must take account of how economic and political actions are embedded in a geographic and politico-economic context. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 319-343 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00019.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00019.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:319-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Montserrat Pallares-Barbera Author-X-Name-First: Montserrat Author-X-Name-Last: Pallares-Barbera Title: Changing Production Systems: The Automobile Industry in Spain Abstract: This paper examines the forces underlying the dramatic changes experienced by the Spanish automobile industry in the 1970s and 1980s. Over this period, Spanish automobile production expanded substantially and the industry became more export oriented. The main findings are the following: first, the takeoff of the industry was due to a combination of domestic factors (cheap labor, industrial policies, and increased demand) and international factors (changes in preferences and innovations in organizational systems). Second, the industry introduced flexible production systems and adopted flexible specialization. This process led to a decrease in the degree of vertical integration, introduced just-in-time strategies, and intensified outsourcing. The Spanish auto network was enlarged by the creation of a new type of node: the distribution warehouse. Third, the new strategies adopted by Spanish assemblers did not involve a substantial change in the regional distribution of firms; traditional auto regions essentially have maintained their share of firms. In emerging regions a distribution warehouse replaced the expected cluster of component firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 344-359 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00020.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00020.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:344-359 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deborah Leslie Author-X-Name-First: Deborah Author-X-Name-Last: Leslie Author-Name: David Butz Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Butz Title: “GM Suicide”: Flexibility, Space, and the Injured Body Abstract: While geographers have devoted much attention to the external geographies of Japanese production models, little work has been done on the internal geographies of the production process. This paper explores the relationship between lean production, space, and the body. Following Lowe (1995), we argue that three practices code the body in late capitalism: post-Fordism and the flexible labor market, cybernetic systems and their impact on the labor process, and the discourse of neoclassical economics. Together, these practices construct a laboring body susceptible to greater risk. In particular, we illustrate how lean production and the spatial reorganization of the shopfloor are leading to greater risk of injury, especially repetitive strain injuries. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 360-378 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00021.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00021.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:360-378 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leslie McCall Author-X-Name-First: Leslie Author-X-Name-Last: McCall Title: Spatial Routes to Gender Wage (In)equality: Regional Restructuring and Wage Differentials by Gender and Education Abstract: I examine how different dimensions of restructuring are related to gender wage inequality. The analysis extends research on regional wage differentials to include differentials between men and women in two educational groups at opposite ends of the educational hierarchy. Relative wages across regional labor markets in the United States are modeled in a multilevel framework as outcomes of variation in economic conditions associated with restructuring. Using microdata from the 1990 PUMS-A 5 percent census files, as well as independent sources of macro-data on counties, I show that the direction of wage changes associated with each dimension of restructuring generally does not differ by gender or education. Wages are either higher or lower than the average labor market for all groups. However, there are significant differences in relative wages by gender and many important differences between the two educational groups in the spatial distribution of gender wage inequality. Several “spatial routes” to gender wage equality emerge that differ from the dominant temporal explanations of the declining gender wage gap and differ according to the educational background of workers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 379-404 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00022.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00022.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:379-404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas P. Lyons Author-X-Name-First: Thomas P. Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons Title: Intraprovincial Disparities in China: Fujian Province, 1978–1995 Abstract: This paper extends the recent discussion of spatial disparities in China, by focusing upon disparities within a single province, rather than across provinces. The primary purposes of this research are to (1) gauge the extent of disparities among counties within Fujian as of the late 1970s and mid-1990s and to examine the spatial patterns of such disparities; (2) trace the evolution of disparities, with special attention to the low ends of the output and income distributions and the impact of the post-Mao reforms; and (3) suggest possible causes of the observed spatial and temporal patterns. Intraprovincial studies have been hampered by the paucity and questionable quality of relevant data; a secondary purpose of this research is to assemble a set of county-level data that are consistent over space and time and to assess the usability of such data. In keeping with these objectives, the methods adopted are mainly exploratory, rather than confirmatory. This research shows that intraprovincial disparities in China—at least in the case of Fujian—were already large at the beginning of the reform era, have since widened significantly, and have widened relatively as well as absolutely. Nevertheless, every county in Fujian has experienced substantial growth in output and income per capita (at real rates in excess of 5 and 3 percent per annum, respectively) and substantial alleviation of poverty (as measured against an absolute threshold). The observed spatial patterns appear to reflect the initial spread of modern growth over much of the province, a spread driven in part by policies to create income opportunities for the poor and closely correlated with access to transportation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 405-432 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00023.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00023.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:405-432 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeremy T. Holman Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy T. Author-X-Name-Last: Holman Author-Name: Jeffrey Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell Author-Name: Andrew Kirby Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Kirby Author-Name: Phillip Mwanukuzi Author-X-Name-First: Phillip Author-X-Name-Last: Mwanukuzi Author-Name: Kenneth J. Dueker Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth J. Author-X-Name-Last: Dueker Author-Name: John Weitz Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Weitz Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 433-442 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00024.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00024.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:433-442 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 1998 Reviewers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 443-443 Issue: 4 Volume: 74 Year: 1998 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00025.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.1998.tb00025.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:74:y:1998:i:4:p:443-443 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Author-Name: Robert W. Lake Author-X-Name-First: Robert W. Author-X-Name-Last: Lake Title: Needed: Geographic Research on Urban Sustainability Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00130.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00130.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karen J. Bakker Author-X-Name-First: Karen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker Title: Privatizing Water, Producing Scarcity: The Yorkshire Drought of 1995 Abstract: The Yorkshire drought of 1995 was the most extreme climate event faced by the English and Welsh water industry since its privatization in 1989. As an emblem of crisis in privatized water management, and as a potential signal of climate change, the 1995 drought has motivated change in water regulation and management. In this paper I challenge conventional interpretations of the 1995 water supply crisis as a natural hazard or as a result of managerial ineptitude. Drought is conceptualized as the production of scarcity, an outcome of three interrelated practices: meteorological modeling, demand forecasting, and corporate restructuring and the regulatory “game.” These practices are situated within an analysis of the context of the regulatory implications of the privatization of the water industry in 1989. I explore the simultaneously natural, social, and discursive elements of water scarcity and situate them within an analysis of privatization as reregulation, rather than deregulation. This analysis brings insights developed in debates over “real” regulation and regulation theory to bear on nature-society analysis, while extending this debate through theorizing regulation as, in part, a discursive practice. The ensuing rereading of drought challenges conventional interpretations of environmental crisis, raises questions about the implications of water industry privatization, and emphasizes the need to account for the role of the state and the intricacies of “real” regulation in analyses of resource management. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 4-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00131.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00131.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:4-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miriam J. Wells Author-X-Name-First: Miriam J. Author-X-Name-Last: Wells Title: Politics, Locality, and Economic Restructuring: California’s Central Coast Strawberry Industry in the Post–World War II Period Abstract: This article challenges overly economistic, static, and homogenizing representations of contemporary economic restructuring through an in-depth ethnographic case study of the central coast California strawberry industry in the post–World War II period. It demonstrates that restructuring is much more uneven in its incidence and complex in its motivation than usually portrayed, and that politics and human agency are at its core. Because of the place-based nature of certain economic activity and the grounded experience of political process, its explication requires a sensitivity to space and place. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 28-49 Issue: 1 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00132.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00132.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:28-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Bennett Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett Title: Anti-Trust? European Competition Law and Mutual Environmental Insurance Abstract: In this paper I argue that competition law risks undermining institutional incentives toward higher corporate environmental performance. Firms are increasingly expected to influence the environmental standards of companies they invest in, lend to, or insure. This may be jeopardized if they are competing for those businesses, particularly in markets with information asymmetries. I examine the environmental implications of market competition, competition between regulators, and the particular case of insurance markets in which insurers fulfill both a market and a quasi-regulatory role. The core of the paper concerns an ongoing dispute between the European Commission and a group of mutual, non-profit-making marine insurers known as Protection and Indemnity (P–I) Clubs, into which shipowners pool their environmental and other third-party liabilities. The Clubs try to allocate costs fairly so that the “polluter pays,” providing an incentive to minimize risk. Fourteen of these Clubs, containing about 90 percent of the world’s merchant fleet, enter into a further scale of mutuality by collectively reinsuring one another. Mutuality at both scales, they claim, is dependent upon them not competing for members by setting unfairly low rates. The European Commission argues, in turn, that this agreement contravenes European competition law. Through an analysis of this case I demonstrate a potential conflict between competition law and “private” environmental regulation. I conclude by discussing the consequences of drawing disciplinary boundaries between policy areas and questioning the conceptualization of the economy which underpins competition law. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 50-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00133.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00133.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:50-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph T. Llobrera Author-X-Name-First: Joseph T. Author-X-Name-Last: Llobrera Author-Name: David R. Meyer Author-X-Name-First: David R. Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer Author-Name: Gregory Nammacher Author-X-Name-First: Gregory Author-X-Name-Last: Nammacher Title: Trajectories of Industrial Districts: Impact of Strategic Intervention in Medical Districts Abstract: Actors employ strategic intervention to alter the trajectory of an industrial district because they are dissatisfied with an existing or expected trajectory. In this study we examine two medical industrial districts. In the Philadelphia biotechnology district, strategic intervention altered its trajectory; and in the Minneapolis biomedical technology district, the trajectory of the district has altered but no strategic intervention emerged to redirect the trajectory. The structure and functioning of social networks within each district had an impact on the strategic interventions. Philadelphia housed a larger array of powerful firms and institutions than Minneapolis, but no pharmaceutical giant dominated the spawning of spin-offs in Philadelphia comparable to the dominance of Medtronic in Minneapolis. Diverse medical facilities in Philadelphia diffuse technological information and contacts about starting firms, whereas the University of Minnesota Medical School and its research institutes create a centralized source of information and contacts. The venture-capital sector of Philadelphia draws on diverse pools of capital, with no dominant vested interest to defend sectors of biotechnology; however, in Minneapolis, a few financial actors and large firms direct that allocation of capital. Philadelphia contains numerous public-private partnerships; Minneapolis does not have that diversity. As increased FDA regulation and pressure from managed care firms create conditions that favor large firms, the Philadelphia region continues to support small firms, whereas the Minneapolis region is withdrawing support. Philadelphia’s wide-ranging social networks provide a more supportive framework for small firms than exists in Minneapolis, where the social networks have greater centralization and redundancy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 68-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00134.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00134.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:68-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca A. Johns Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca A. Author-X-Name-Last: Johns Author-Name: Barney Warf Author-X-Name-First: Barney Author-X-Name-Last: Warf Author-Name: Lizbeth A. Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Lizbeth A. Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Dennis Conway Author-X-Name-First: Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Conway Author-Name: Peter Rogerson Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Rogerson Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 99-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 76 Year: 2000 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00135.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2000.tb00135.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:99-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Becky Mansfield Author-X-Name-First: Becky Author-X-Name-Last: Mansfield Title: Spatializing Globalization: A “Geography of Quality” in the Seafood Industry Abstract: The sociospatial structure of global industries may be characterized by difference and plurality as much as by the coordination of practices over space. One important factor that shapes these dynamics in contemporary food industries is the quality of products. Challenging recent perspectives that define quality as an alternative to global, industrial forms of production, this analysis finds that quality is also important for industrial food production and for the global geography of the surimi seafood industry. Surimi, a fish paste used in a wide assortment of products, such as fish cakes and imitation crab, was once exclusively Japanese. Now, this industry is global in scope, with production and consumption encompassing sites across Asia, the Americas, and Europe. Interactions among types of products, market differences, processing strategies, and the characteristics of fish form fluid definitions of product quality that shape patterns of supply and demand within the global industry. Terming these spatial interactions a “geography of quality,” this article shows that differences in how quality is constructed influence the development of dynamic transnational trade patterns and new regional industries in each market. This changing geography of quality provides insight into the creation and maintenance of a geographically differentiated yet still global-scale industry. The geography of quality in this industry is such that relative dis-integration between different commodity chains characterizes the movement toward global-scale production and consumption. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00199.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00199.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adrian Smith Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Power Relations, Industrial Clusters, and Regional Transformations: Pan-European Integration and Outward Processing in the Slovak Clothing Industry Abstract: Since the late 1980s the East European clothing sector has witnessed a dramatic transformation. Driven by increasing costs in Western Europe, Western clothing retailers and buyers have increasingly outsourced production to lower-cost regions of postcommunist Eastern Europe. One consequence of these changes has been a dramatic growth of clothing producers in Eastern Europe, locked into supply relations with Western buyers while simultaneously involved in dense networks of relations between firms in regional clusters. This article focuses on the form that power relations take, which knit together pan-European supply linkages and regional clusters of clothing firms in Slovakia. In drawing on a weak form of actor-network theory and an understanding of capitalist commodity production, the article explores the uneven nature of these power relations, as well as their fluidity at three levels. First, attention is given to relations between Slovak firms and Western buyers that largely involve a tenuous form of price competitiveness, which is simultaneously under threat from lower-cost production zones elsewhere. Second, the variant power relations between producers in regional clusters of clothing firms in Slovakia are explored. Production flexibilities have been built through a network of locally agglomerated workshop production units and domestic home-based workers to whom work is outsourced when required. Third, the implications of these forms of outsourcing are explored in relation to workplace and wage-level pressures. The article therefore suggests the importance of understanding dynamic and fluid power relations in the economic geography of regional clusters and the globalization of outsourcing in the clothing sector. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 17-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00200.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00200.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:1:p:17-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tony Binns Author-X-Name-First: Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Binns Author-Name: Etienne Nel Author-X-Name-First: Etienne Author-X-Name-Last: Nel Title: The Village in a Game Park: Local Response to the Demise of Coal Mining in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Abstract: Changing economic circumstances as a result of deindustrialization and market forces dramatically affect local areas and lead to a variety of local-level responses. Economic change and the reaction to this process have received much attention in the context of the decline of old heavy industrial regions in Western Europe and North America. But deindustrialization is also occurring elsewhere, for example, in countries such as South Africa, where the decline of mining and related industries is having a severe impact on the livelihoods of individuals, households, and communities. Considerations of institutional thickness, resourcefulness, and capacities inherent within host communities contribute to an understanding of the likely potential of the development response undertaken. This article considers the situation in a once important coal-mining region in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, focusing particularly on the community of Utrecht. In the postapartheid period, unemployment in the area has escalated, at a time when greater empowerment of the historically disadvantaged black population is urgently needed. Through cooperation within the community, together with the injection of external funding and collaboration in a series of joint ventures, Utrecht is progressively rebranding itself as a center for tourism. A number of community-initiated projects are discussed, and the dynamics of the formulation and implementation of the projects are evaluated in the context of the capabilities of individuals and institutions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 41-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00201.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00201.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:1:p:41-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Gunton Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Gunton Title: Natural Resources and Regional Development: An Assessment of Dependency and Comparative Advantage Paradigms Abstract: The role of natural resources in regional development is the subject of a debate between dependency theorists, who argue that natural resources impede development, and comparative-advantage theorists, who argue that resources can expedite development. This debate is assessed by a case study analysis of the impact of resource development on a regional economy. The case study uses a model to estimate the comparative advantage of the resource sector. The results show that natural resources have the potential to provide a significant comparative advantage relative to other economic sectors by virtue of generating resource rent, which is a surplus above normal returns to other factors of production. The case study also shows that there are considerable risks in resource-led growth, including the propensity to dissipate rent and increase community instability by building surplus capacity. These risks are amenable to mitigation because they are largely the result of poor management of resource development. The case study demonstrates that the most productive analytical approach for understanding the role of natural resources in the development process is a synthetic approach, which combines the insights of the dependency and comparative-advantage paradigms into a unified framework. It also demonstrates that the concept of resource rent, which has frequently been ignored in development theory, must be reintegrated into the unified framework to improve the understanding of the role of natural resources in the regional development process. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 67-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00202.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00202.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:1:p:67-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoffrey DeVerteuil Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey Author-X-Name-Last: DeVerteuil Author-Name: Jamie Gough Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Gough Author-Name: Susan Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Author-Name: Frank Peck Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Peck Author-Name: Robert N. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Robert N. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Sharon Moran Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Moran Title: Book Reviews Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 95-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 79 Year: 2003 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00203.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2003.tb00203.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:79:y:2003:i:1:p:95-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Walks Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Walks Title: From Financialization to Sociospatial Polarization of the City? Evidence from Canada Abstract: Financialization is a key attribute of globalized neoliberal capitalism. Among other things, it is associated with rising household indebtedness, which has certainly been true in Canada. Another widely recognized trait of neoliberal capitalism is growing social inequality and polarization. However, despite growing awareness and understanding of the relationships between debt and inequality at the household, national, and international scales, it remains unclear what role household debt may have in fashioning patterns of income segregation within the metropolis and how it may be related to processes of urban economic restructuring. This article seeks to fill this gap through an empirical analysis of the spatial distribution of household debt and its relationship to prevailing patterns of neighborhood income inequality within Canadian metropolitan areas. The effects of household debt in either ameliorating or exacerbating prevailing levels of income segregation are analyzed, after which the metropolitan-level factors that are associated with regressive neighborhood distributions of debt are examined. The implications of the results for understanding the relationship between financialization and predominant patterns of urban economic restructuring are then discussed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 33-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12024 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12024 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:33-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ian Richard Gordon Author-X-Name-First: Ian Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Gordon Author-Name: Ioannis Kaplanis Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplanis Title: Accounting for Big-City Growth in Low-Paid Occupations: Immigration and/or Service-Class Consumption Abstract: The growth of “global cities” in the 1980s was supposed to have involved an occupational polarization, including the increase in low-paid service jobs. Although held to be untrue for European cities at the time, some such growth did emerge in London a decade later than first reported for New York. The question is whether there was simply a delay before London conformed to the global city model or whether another distinct cause was at work in both cases. This article proposes that the critical factor in both cases was actually an upsurge of immigration from poor countries that provided an elastic supply of cheap labor. This hypothesis and its counterpart based on the growth in elite jobs are tested econometrically for the British case with regional data spanning 1975–2008, finding some support for both effects, but with immigration from poor countries as the crucial influence in late 1990s London. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 67-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12026 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12026 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:67-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stuart Dawley Author-X-Name-First: Stuart Author-X-Name-Last: Dawley Title: Creating New Paths? Offshore Wind, Policy Activism, and Peripheral Region Development Abstract: This article extends economic geography research on path creation by developing a conceptual framework that moves beyond existing firm-centric accounts and connects to a wider array of actors and multiscalar institutional contexts that mediate the emergence and development of growth paths. As part of a broader understanding of social and institutional agency, the approach specifically redresses the apparent neglect of the multiple roles of the state and public policy interventions in research on path creation. The framework is used to interpret more than 30 years of path-creation activities that have placed the peripheral region of North East England at the forefront of the United Kingdom’s burgeoning offshore wind sector. The empirical findings reveal how a variety of path-creation mechanisms have served to shape, and be shaped by, successive causal episodes of complex and geographically situated social agency. Emerging from an episode of entrepreneurial activity, the path’s creation was subsequently catalyzed by a decade of strategic and contextual regional policy intervention before a radical restructuring of economic development governance in the United Kingdom created a policy vacuum for the path’s development. The analysis of the policy-on, policy-off episodes illustrates the potential agency of evolutionary inspired policy interventions in supporting mechanisms of path creation and reveals a varied set of implications for the cohesion and embeddedness of the path’s development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 91-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12028 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12028 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:91-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Financial Literacy in Context Abstract: Financial literacy has caught the attention of policy makers around the world. A major research program has been initiated by the World Bank aimed at mapping patterns of financial literacy in developed and developing economies. In this article, I explain the conceptual foundations of the literacy project, develop a critique of its testing procedures, and suggest that, at the limit, it is an impossible project. At every turn, standard tests of financial literacy dissolve into spatially and temporally specific phenomena that undercut the possibility of shared interpretations of notionally common problems. Nonetheless, the literacy mapping project is important for what it reveals about the geographic and sociodemographic patterns of financial knowledge. My research on financial decision making has been based, in part, on a concern for the nature and scope of financial knowledge and understanding in the context of risk and uncertainty. Thus, the trick is to anchor financial literacy programs in ways that are relevant to everyday life. These arguments are illustrated with reference to the relevant literature, published and unpublished research on financial literacy among German residents, and an innovative financial literacy program that is fine-tuned to people’s circumstances. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12029 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12029 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: Commentary on 2013 Roepke Lecture Financial Literacy in Context Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 25-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12030 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12030 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:25-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon L. Clark Author-X-Name-First: Gordon L. Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: Financial Literacy in Context: A Rejoinder Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 29-31 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12031 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12031 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:29-31 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chris Benner Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Benner Title: . By Kiran Mirchandani Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12041 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12041 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:115-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adam D. Dixon Author-X-Name-First: Adam D. Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon Title: . By Gordon L. Clark, Kendra Strauss and Janelle Knox-Hayes Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 123-124 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12042 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12042 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:123-124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew T. Huber Author-X-Name-First: Matthew T. Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Title: . By Gavin Bridge and Philippe Le Billon Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 125-126 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12043 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12043 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:125-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Levy Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Levy Title: . By Brett Christophers Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-121 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12044 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12044 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:119-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp Title: . By Jay Mitra Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 117-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12045 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12045 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:117-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Altha Cravey Author-X-Name-First: Altha Author-X-Name-Last: Cravey Title: . By George Henderson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12046 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12046 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Addenda Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 127-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 90 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1111/ecge.12049 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ecge.12049 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:90:y:2014:i:1:p:127-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Madeleine Wong Author-X-Name-First: Madeleine Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Title: The Gendered Politics of Remittances in Ghanaian Transnational Families Abstract: Using interviews with Ghanaian women in Toronto and members of their families in Ghana, this article extends the literature on remittances by drawing on insights from feminist scholarship on migration to investigate the social dynamics of remittances in transnational families. The growing literature on migration and remittances focuses on large-scale quantitative analyses of data on remittances. Less explored is how gender and kinship bonds (particularly, matrilineage affiliation) influence complex decision-making processes underlying remittances. I argue for a conceptualization of remittances as constituting relationships between senders and receivers that are continually being negotiated and contested in and across different places. Specifically, I focus on the cultural and gender-specific ways in which women and their families negotiate remittances, highlighting dilemmas that transnational families experience when they encounter contradictory aspects of remittances. Despite their material realities and struggles in Canada, the women in this study remitted to fulfill gendered obligations in highly contested and negotiated contexts. Their remittances were important, however, for the production and reproduction of families and households that are structured transnationally. While this case exhibits specific features that are particular to Ghanaian migration and transnationalism, it highlights how broader social dynamics underlying remittances operate at multiple scales and intersect with differential social and economic structures and agency in producing meanings of remittances. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 355-381 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00321.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00321.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:355-381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Blay-Palmer Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Blay-Palmer Author-Name: Betsy Donald Author-X-Name-First: Betsy Author-X-Name-Last: Donald Title: A Tale of Three Tomatoes: The New Food Economy in Toronto, Canada Abstract: Drawing upon research from a cluster and innovation systems perspective, we counter the argument that the food industry is a mature and dying industry and point to evidence of a vibrant, dynamic food sector that has made a substantial contribution to regional growth. Since the mid-1990s, the most dynamic component of the Toronto urban food economy has been the small- and medium-sized enterprises, comprised mainly of specialty, local, ethnic, and organic food-processing firms that are thriving in response to consumers’ demands for high-quality, local, fresh ethnic and fusion cuisine. However, these newer firms face challenges, and our results raise the question about how a more stimulating innovative milieu can be created for them. In answer to this question, we suggest multiscaled approaches to cluster formation and policy and discuss the implications of our research for theories of innovation systems, firms, city creativity, and governance. We situate this “new food economy” within the core literature of economic geography, seeking to relocate the “agrifood” literature away from a traditional rural setting to a dynamic city-region context, underscoring the essential role of the consumption side of agrifood chains. Moreover, we use the food sector as a lens through which to argue that mature sectors and “ordinary” activities in a city are every bit as important to the long-term health, viability, and sustainability of a city-region economy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 383-399 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00322.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00322.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:383-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Giarratani Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Giarratani Author-Name: Gene Gruver Author-X-Name-First: Gene Author-X-Name-Last: Gruver Author-Name: Randall Jackson Author-X-Name-First: Randall Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: Plant Location and the Advent of Slab Casting by U.S. Steel Minimills: An Observation-Based Analysis Abstract: The advent of slab casting for steel that is produced in electric furnaces resulted in a wave of new investments in the construction of steel minimills. From 1989 to 2001, 10 new plants were constructed in the United States on the basis of new technologies. Some were built in established steel industry agglomerations, while others were built in greenfield locations—regions that had little or no prior steelmaking activity. This research brings new evidence to bear on location decisions concerning modern steelmaking. The findings are based on direct observation and visits to the plants of all the new mills that were created by these investments. While the analysis reinforces the importance of transfer costs in decision making, it also argues that critical locational elements cannot be fully understood unless analyses take account of the characteristics of specific products, plants, and firms. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 401-419 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00323.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00323.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:401-419 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markus Perkmann Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Perkmann Title: Extraregional Linkages and the Territorial Embeddedness of Multinational Branch Plants: Evidence from the South Tyrol Region in Northeast Italy Abstract: This article reevaluates the regional embeddedness of multinational manufacturing branch plants in view of recent work on global production networks and extraregional links. It argues that the predominance of extraregional production linkages is not necessarily detrimental to regional economies and that such linkages can even compensate for weak territorial innovations systems in noncore regions. The arguments are supported by a case study of the South Tyrol region of Italy, using firm-level data from surveys and interviews, complemented by evidence on institutional conditions. The findings suggest that neither the branch plants nor the locally owned manufacturing firms are strongly embedded in the region in terms of material linkages and interorganizational relationships, indicating that the ownership status of firms is not a good predictor of embeddedness. Second, compared to local firms, branch plants are more innovative and hence contribute to a larger degree to regional upgrading processes. Third, South Tyrol’s core institutional structures, such as those governing the labor force, play a decisive role in the competitiveness of branch plants and therefore create codependencies that bind these producers to the territory. The results suggest a more differentiated assessment of the role of branch plants within noncore regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 421-441 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00324.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00324.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:421-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Currah Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Currah Title: . By Ray Hudson Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 443-445 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00325.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00325.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:443-445 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Batty Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Batty Title: . By Matthew A. Zook Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 447-448 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00326.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00326.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:447-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wendy Larner Author-X-Name-First: Wendy Author-X-Name-Last: Larner Title: . By David Harvey Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 449-451 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00327.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00327.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:449-451 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James T. Murphy Author-X-Name-First: James T. Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: . By Peter Gibbon and Stefano Ponte Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 453-454 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00328.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00328.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:453-454 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan V. Beaverstock Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan V. Author-X-Name-Last: Beaverstock Title: . Edited by John O’Loughlin, Lynn Staeheli and Edward Greenberg Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 455-456 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00329.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00329.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:455-456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markus Hesse Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Hesse Title: . By Evangelia Selkou and Michael Roe Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 457-459 Issue: 4 Volume: 82 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00330.x File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2006.tb00330.x File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:82:y:2006:i:4:p:457-459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erica Schoenberger Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Schoenberger Title: Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—War, Capitalism, and the Making and Unmaking of Economic Geographies Abstract: War is both incredibly destructive and strangely productive. Its impacts depend on how wars are fought (e.g., sieges, mechanized ground wars, drones) and how warriors are equipped. Cities are built, destroyed, and rebuilt under the impetus of war. New industries are created. The kinds of resources required at one time are devalued and replaced by others at a later date. Here I will develop an argument about how and why warfare has been central to capitalism from its very origins to the present day, and how, along the way, whole landscapes, cities, and regional economies have been transformed in the process. I have two goals in making this argument. One is to demonstrate how instrumental warfare—and by extension the ruling classes who wage it—has been in creating the system we call capitalism and, although the ruling classes have changed, maintaining it. We commonly acknowledge that military industries play a major role in constructing and altering an economic landscape. My argument pushes further to propose that war itself played a foundational role in creating our economic system and our economic geography. My second goal is to urge economic geographers to engage more deeply and substantively with history. Economic geography is very (and reasonably) concerned with the present and the near future; history tends to be a backdrop sketched in to set the stage. I hope to show that a deeper understanding of how we got to the present may influence where we set our analytical sights, in order to better understand where we are now and where we are going. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1686973 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1686973 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Walker Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Commentary on 2019 Roepke Lecture “War, Capitalism, and the Making and Unmaking of Economic Geographies” Abstract: Erica Schoenberger has done yeoman work over the years digging into European history to reflect on the origins of markets and money. Her Roepke lecture builds on this earlier work to the question of the origins of towns and burghers in the Middle Ages, roughly 800–1400. Schoenberger’s work has not received the attention it should have among economic geographers, for three reasons. One is that most economics is based on modeling, not history. Another is that translating the lessons of history to today is difficult. A third is that economics and economic geography are rooted in a view of the world that naturalizes markets and money (Schoenberger and Walker 2017).Schoenberger’s story of markets and money grows out of the work of Karl Polanyi and others who have debunked the view that markets are the normal form of economic interaction in premodern societies, when they are the exception. Market exchange does not grow up organically from simple barter, as posited by Adam Smith. Nor do modern markets scale up from village squares, as in the just-so story of Leon Walras, one of the fathers of neoclassical economics. Extensive markets and commercial societies are modern inventions (Schoenberger 2008, 2010). Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 23-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1688655 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1688655 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:23-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexandra Frangenheim Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Author-X-Name-Last: Frangenheim Author-Name: Michaela Trippl Author-X-Name-First: Michaela Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl Author-Name: Camilla Chlebna Author-X-Name-First: Camilla Author-X-Name-Last: Chlebna Title: Beyond the Single Path View: Interpath Dynamics in Regional Contexts Abstract: Recurrent economic and financial crises, globalization, digitalization, and climate change are posing major challenges for regional economies to constantly renew their industrial structures. Over the past few years much progress has been made in understanding how new path development unfolds in a regional context. Earlier contributions to the path development literature have acknowledged that multiple industrial paths developing within a region are interdependent and coevolving. However, most conceptualizations and empirical analyses to date have mainly been focused on one new path or path development activities in one nascent industry only. Potential relationships between emerging paths have received little attention, and, as a consequence, little is known about how new paths shape each other’s evolution. This article draws on recent contributions that broaden conventional perspectives on regional structural change and develops a framework to analyze the dynamic interdependencies between multiple new regional growth paths. We explore the nature of interpath linkages and discuss the role of agency in creating or shaping the relationship between linked paths to be either supportive, competitive, or neutral toward each other. By means of illustrative empirical examples, we show that interpath relationships in a regional context are a significant phenomenon to be considered in regional structural change and conclude by discussing policy implications and identifying avenues for future research. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 31-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1685378 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1685378 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:31-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marit Rosol Author-X-Name-First: Marit Author-X-Name-Last: Rosol Title: On the Significance of Alternative Economic Practices: Reconceptualizing Alterity in Alternative Food Networks Abstract: In heterodox economic geography, there is an ongoing debate as to how our economic, social, and environmental needs may be better addressed by organizing the economy differently, through more equitable and more sustainable practices. This calls for further studying and discussing alternative economic practices in a diverse economy. In this article, existing alternative economic practices within agrifood systems—specifically alternative forms of connecting producers and consumers—are explored, primarily on a conceptual but also an empirically grounded level. The article makes two conceptual contributions: First, it offers a comprehensive review of the literature and, with an emphasis on contributions by economic geographers, clarifies the meaning of alterity in alternative food systems. It reveals the hitherto limited focus on either alternative products or alternative distribution networks. In light of this limitation and the ongoing incorporation of characteristics of alternative food by conventional food industries for profit purposes, second, it extends those insights by reconceptualizing alterity—namely, by introducing alternative economic practices as an important third pillar of alternative food networks (AFNs). Empirically, by presenting two newly emerging models of AFNs from Berlin and Frankfurt—which go beyond just offering alternative food stuffs or using alternative distribution networks and instead aim at de-commodifying the food system—the article provides a closer view on existing alternative economic practices, highlighting the ways in which they think and perform the economy otherwise. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 52-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1701430 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1701430 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:52-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Justin Hastings Author-X-Name-First: Justin Author-X-Name-Last: Hastings Title: The Economic Geographies of Organized Crime. By Tim Hall Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 77-79 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1681263 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1681263 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:77-79 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Siobhán McGrath Author-X-Name-First: Siobhán Author-X-Name-Last: McGrath Title: Dead Labor: Towards a Political Economy of Premature Death. By James Tyner Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 80-82 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1667767 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1667767 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:80-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2018–2019 Reviewers (August 1, 2018 to July 31, 2019) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 3-4 Issue: 1 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1704533 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1704533 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:1:p:3-4 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yannick Marchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Marchand Author-Name: Jean Dubé Author-X-Name-First: Jean Author-X-Name-Last: Dubé Author-Name: Sébastien Breau Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien Author-X-Name-Last: Breau Title: Exploring the Causes and Consequences of Regional Income Inequality in Canada Abstract: The recent surge in populist movements sweeping many countries has brought into focus the issue of regional inequality. In this article, we develop a panel data set for Canada that includes information on 284 regions observed at 5-year intervals (from 1981 to 2011) and estimate a series of spatial econometric models to study the causes and consequences of regional inequality. Our results draw attention to the fact that the rise in inequality at the national level has been accompanied by greater cross-regional inequality. Differences in the level of economic development, precariousness of labor market conditions, and socioeconomic factors are among the key drivers of these regional patterns of inequality. We also find that the industrial mix of a region plays an important role in shaping its distribution of income: regions with high concentrations of manufacturing activities typically have lower levels of inequality, whereas regions with high concentrations of tertiary services, arts, and entertainment, as well as knowledge-intensive business services tend to have higher levels of inequality. In terms of the consequences of inequality, the growth/equity trade-off across Canadian regions varies significantly over the short- vs. medium-term horizons. In the short run, our results suggest that inequality is positively related to regional economic growth. This response changes as we move to a medium-term horizon, which suggests that as inequality persists over longer periods of time, it has a negative and significant impact on regional growth trajectories. Panel vector autoregressive models are also used to further explore the direction of causality of the growth-inequality relationship. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 83-107 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1715793 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1715793 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:83-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roberto Camagni Author-X-Name-First: Roberto Author-X-Name-Last: Camagni Author-Name: Roberta Capello Author-X-Name-First: Roberta Author-X-Name-Last: Capello Author-Name: Silvia Cerisola Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Author-X-Name-Last: Cerisola Author-Name: Ugo Fratesi Author-X-Name-First: Ugo Author-X-Name-Last: Fratesi Title: Fighting Gravity: Institutional Changes and Regional Disparities in the EU Abstract: A thorough investigation of the relationship between the deepening and the widening processes of EU integration and the historic evolution of regional disparities is missing in the related vast existing inductive literature. This usually focuses on EU15 countries or Central and Eastern European Countries, generally involves relatively short and recent periods, and takes into consideration just one institutional change at a time, if any. This article aims at filling these gaps by providing a theoretical interpretative framework on the effects of each institutional change on inter- and intranational disparities, and by verifying the fitness of the theoretical expectations with a longitudinal trend analysis and with an econometric event analysis. Theory was overall right in claiming that widening and deepening of the EU would have exacerbated intraregional disparities. Counteracting such tendency could look like fighting gravity, since disparities continuously reappear in different forms and spatial levels, transmitting a sense of unescapable normality. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 108-136 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1717943 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1717943 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:108-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dinesh Paudel Author-X-Name-First: Dinesh Author-X-Name-Last: Paudel Author-Name: Katharine Rankin Author-X-Name-First: Katharine Author-X-Name-Last: Rankin Author-Name: Philippe Le Billon Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Le Billon Title: Lucrative Disaster: Financialization, Accumulation and Postearthquake Reconstruction in Nepal Abstract: This article investigates long-term processes of financialization unfolding in the aftermath of the 2015 earthquakes in Nepal, engaging with literatures on financialization and political economy of disaster and development. The article probes the evolving financialized social relations in Nepal in the context of humanitarian relief and reconstruction, paying particular attention to processes through which wide-scale political economies enter into the daily lives of disaster victims and play key roles in transforming their economic practice and subjectivity. In the name of relief and reconstruction, foreign investment combined with urban surplus capital has circulated within Nepal as finance in rural, earthquake-affected areas—making the earthquakes a truly lucrative disaster. The article deploys a conjunctural approach to understanding disaster financialization as a multiscalar process constituted through geoeconomic logics, state–market complexes, and economic subjectivity. Each of these dimensions of disaster financialization is elaborated in separate sections of the article. We conclude by cautioning against both celebrations and outright rejections of finance as a viable and desirable modality for disaster reconstruction—calling instead for a more nuanced understanding of disaster financialization and its implications for affected populations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 137-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1722635 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1722635 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:137-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicoló Barbieri Author-X-Name-First: Nicoló Author-X-Name-Last: Barbieri Author-Name: François Perruchas Author-X-Name-First: François Author-X-Name-Last: Perruchas Author-Name: Davide Consoli Author-X-Name-First: Davide Author-X-Name-Last: Consoli Title: Specialization, Diversification, and Environmental Technology Life Cycle Abstract: The article analyzes whether and to what extent regional related and unrelated variety matter for the development of green technology, and whether their influence differs over the technology life cycle. Using patent and socioeconomic data on a thirty-year (1980–2009) panel of US states, we find that unrelated variety is a positive predictor of green innovative activities. When unpacked over the life cycle, unrelated variety is the main driver of green technology development in the early stages, while related variety becomes more prominent as the technology enters into maturity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 161-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1721279 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1721279 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:161-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Desiree Fields Author-X-Name-First: Desiree Author-X-Name-Last: Fields Title: The New Enclosure: The Appropriation of Public Land in Neoliberal Britain Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 187-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1715206 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1715206 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:187-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yingqin Zheng Author-X-Name-First: Yingqin Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Title: Digital Economies at Global Margins Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 190-192 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1721278 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1721278 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:190-192 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Author-Name: Maximilian Buchholz Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian Author-X-Name-Last: Buchholz Title: Correction Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 193-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2019.1707425 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2019.1707425 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:2:p:193-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lindsay Whitfield Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield Author-Name: Cornelia Staritz Author-X-Name-First: Cornelia Author-X-Name-Last: Staritz Author-Name: Ayelech T. Melese Author-X-Name-First: Ayelech T. Author-X-Name-Last: Melese Author-Name: Sameer Azizi Author-X-Name-First: Sameer Author-X-Name-Last: Azizi Title: Technological Capabilities, Upgrading, and Value Capture in Global Value Chains: Local Apparel and Floriculture Firms in Sub-Saharan Africa Abstract: Many local firms in sub-Saharan African countries are failing to enter and upgrade in new manufacturing and agribusiness export sectors. This article argues that we need to look more closely at the costly, risky, and uncertain firm-level processes of building capabilities in order to understand this challenge. However, local firm agency is constrained and has to be situated in asymmetric structures that are determined by transnational interfirm relations in global value chains (GVCs) as well as the country and region in which local firms are embedded. The article presents a new framework for researching how firms build capabilities in GVCs, and demonstrates how it can be applied using the cases of apparel and floriculture export sectors in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Madagascar. The cases show that firms build specific capabilities linked to export strategies, leading to uneven capability-building, specific upgrading paths, and value capture trajectories. Variations in local firms’ export strategies and success with those strategies are explained by differences in the financial capital, tacit knowledge, and social networks that they can leverage in building capabilities. The nature and extent of these intrafirm resources, especially in the early period of export industry development, are shaped by shared networks between local and foreign supplier firms, regional proximity to existing supplier countries, strategic interests of global buyers, and government industrial policy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 195-218 Issue: 3 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1748497 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1748497 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:3:p:195-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Moragues-Faus Author-X-Name-First: Ana Author-X-Name-Last: Moragues-Faus Author-Name: Terry Marsden Author-X-Name-First: Terry Author-X-Name-Last: Marsden Author-Name: Barbora Adlerová Author-X-Name-First: Barbora Author-X-Name-Last: Adlerová Author-Name: Tereza Hausmanová Author-X-Name-First: Tereza Author-X-Name-Last: Hausmanová Title: Building Diverse, Distributive, and Territorialized Agrifood Economies to Deliver Sustainability and Food Security Abstract: This article seeks to understand how agrifood economies can address current sustainability and food security challenges in the context of increasing economic and health inequalities. For that purpose, we cross-fertilize economic geography and food studies literature to develop an innovative conceptual framework that builds upon three currently fragmented bodies of work: the diverse economies literature, the distributed economies framework, and territorial and place-based approaches to food security. The proposed diverse, distributive, and territorial framework further develops existing relational, performative, and spatial approaches to explore changing economic geographies of agrifood systems. The application of this framework to investigate fruit and vegetable provision in the city of Cardiff (UK) reveals the key role of connective, fluid, and multifunctional infrastructures to reconfigure foodscapes. Specifically, our analysis shows how food infrastructures have the potential to act as bridging conceptual, material, and sociopolitical devices. The proposed framework ultimately serves as a capacity-building tool to reassess and rebuild territorialized agrifood economies that champion diversity and redistribution of value with the aim of delivering wide societal and material benefits, enhance democracy, and increase the socioecological resilience of food systems. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 219-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1749047 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1749047 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:3:p:219-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: DawnBurton Author-X-Name-First: DawnBurton Author-X-Name-Last: Title: Digital Debt Collection and Ecologies of Consumer Overindebtedness Abstract: New digital financial technologies (fintech) are changing the contours of the consumer debt industry. The aim of this article is to address the challenges that these shifts pose for the operation and regulation of the debt collection industry and how they map onto existing spatial ecologies of consumer overindebtedness. Two ideal types of consumer debt ecosystems are developed: a mainstream ecology based on traditional modes of operating that include some practices that have existed for centuries; and a new digital ecology comprising new digital entrants that use artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data mining. A fourfold framework provides a lens through which the new fintech debt ecology is analyzed: debt repayment, debt reporting, debt accounting, and debt prevention. The challenges digital debt collection pose for financial exclusion, digital inequality, the digital divide, and the implications for policy makers and regulators are discussed. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 244-265 Issue: 3 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1762486 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1762486 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:3:p:244-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rune Njøs Author-X-Name-First: Rune Author-X-Name-Last: Njøs Author-Name: Svein Gunnar Sjøtun Author-X-Name-First: Svein Gunnar Author-X-Name-Last: Sjøtun Author-Name: Stig-Erik Jakobsen Author-X-Name-First: Stig-Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Jakobsen Author-Name: Arnt Fløysand Author-X-Name-First: Arnt Author-X-Name-Last: Fløysand Title: Expanding Analyses of Path Creation: Interconnections between Territory and Technology Abstract: Theoretically and conceptually, evolutionary economic geography has paid little attention to technological characteristics when explaining the emergence of new industries. Building on the literature on technological innovation systems, the article develops a framework for investigating interconnections between territorial dynamics and technological characteristics in path creation processes. The theoretical argument is operationalized in an analytical framework that is applied in empirical investigation of two green technologies and their linkages to the region of southwestern Norway, namely, carbon capture and storage and maritime battery technology. As illustrated by the empirical investigation, territorial dynamics or technological characteristics alone do not explain path creation. Rather, interconnections between the two and how interconnections play out in time and space are considered focal. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 266-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1756768 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1756768 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:3:p:266-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kafui Attoh Author-X-Name-First: Kafui Author-X-Name-Last: Attoh Title: Cyclescapes of the Unequal City: Bicycle Infrastructure and Uneven Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 289-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1755601 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1755601 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:3:p:289-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Sarmiento Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Sarmiento Title: Reimagining Livelihoods: Life beyond Economy, Society, and Environment Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 291-293 Issue: 3 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1731302 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1731302 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:3:p:291-293 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wanjing Kelly Chen Author-X-Name-First: Wanjing Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Sovereign Debt in the Making: Financial Entanglements and Labor Politics along the Belt and Road in Laos Abstract: This article examines the contingent and contentious processes through which debt is created to finance major infrastructure projects. I contend that practices aimed at structuring credit relations into debt-financed projects often have important, unexpected, and underrecognized implications on the ground. My argument is illustrated through an analysis of the cascading impacts resulting from the making of a China–Lao sovereign debt agreement to fund the trans-Laos railway, an infrastructure project that is part of the broader Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The failure of the government to deliver the promised credit on time had multiscalar financial ramifications. Chinese enterprises that had been contracted to implement the railway were coerced into funding construction themselves, and the ensuing financial turmoil exacerbated the exploitative conditions experienced by construction laborers. As Lao laborers sought to resist exploitation in the form of delayed and denied wage payments, they were gradually substituted by their more vulnerable Chinese counterparts. Dynamics in the making of BRI-induced Lao sovereign debt therefore rendered some perceived beneficiaries of the interstate financial arrangement, such as Chinese enterprises and workers, its victims. I argue that the contradictory realities of this high-profile financial deal demonstrate the need for more grounded inquiries into the politics of sovereign debt making. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 295-314 Issue: 4 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1810011 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1810011 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:4:p:295-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nichola Lowe Author-X-Name-First: Nichola Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe Author-Name: Tara Vinodrai Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Vinodrai Title: The Maker-Manufacturing Nexus as a Place-Connecting Strategy: Implications for Regions Left Behind Abstract: The maker movement has been heralded as a place-based strategy to invigorate urban manufacturing—offering the millennial generation access to affordable, high-quality technologies and inclusive marketing platforms through which to design new products and get them into the hands of design-savvy consumers. Yet it also offers significant place-crossing opportunities that have been overlooked, namely, the potential for the production needs of urban-based makers to be a resource for shoring up manufacturing communities beyond the metropolis at growing risk of being left behind. We demonstrate this possibility through an in-depth case study of the Carolina Textile District (CTD), a novel value chain experiment that helps incumbent textile manufacturers in more remote legacy industrial regions connect with and lend support to a new generation of urban-based textile designers and entrepreneurs. We argue the CTD is an innovative distributive platform that transforms the shared vulnerability of urban makers and rural manufacturers into productive and opportunity-rich relationships, fortified by the millennial-maker ethos of forging high-road supply chains in support of social equity and environmental sustainability. As the maker movement gains traction within planning and policy circles, the CTD offers lessons for how to intensify and de-risk interdependencies between nonmetro and urban regions; between old and new manufacturing clusters; and, ultimately, between blue-collar communities and urban-oriented millennial youth. Conceptually, the case speaks to the need for economic geographers to be more attentive to place-connecting industrial strategies in their growing call for spatial equity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 315-335 Issue: 4 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1812381 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1812381 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:4:p:315-335 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandra Colombelli Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra Author-X-Name-Last: Colombelli Author-Name: Anna D’Ambrosio Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: D’Ambrosio Author-Name: Valentina Meliciani Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Author-X-Name-Last: Meliciani Author-Name: Francesco Quatraro Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Quatraro Title: Newborn Firms and Regional Diversification Patterns: The Role of Cultural Diversity Abstract: We blend the economics of diversity and evolutionary economic geography theories and study the relationship between the cultural diversity of foreign-born entrepreneurs and regional sectoral diversification, proxied by the sectoral variety of newborn firms. We focus on Italian evidence and use a unique data set that stems from a combination of different sources of information, including the Union of the Chambers of Commerce, the OECD, and the National Institute of Statistics. The results confirm that cultural diversity of entrepreneurs is associated with greater sectoral variety of newborn firms, with an imbalance in favor of variety in unrelated activities vis-à-vis related ones. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 336-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1807320 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1807320 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:4:p:336-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Verbeek Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Verbeek Author-Name: Alice Mah Author-X-Name-First: Alice Author-X-Name-Last: Mah Title: Integration and Isolation in the Global Petrochemical Industry: A Multiscalar Corporate Network Analysis Abstract: The global petrochemical industry has long been characterized by stable patterns of Western corporate and geographic leadership, but since the early 2000s, the global playing field has changed significantly. China has overtaken the US and Europe as the world’s largest petrochemical producer, and other emerging economies have become global petrochemical players. Combining insights from scholarship on global corporate elites, world city networks, and relational economic geography, this article examines patterns in the corporate networks of leading petrochemical corporations. The research is based on a multiscalar corporate network analysis, applying social network analysis to identify board interlocks, joint venture interlocks, and spatial interlocks between corporations. Through analyzing corporate networks across multiple scales, the research reveals patterns of both integration and isolation within the petrochemical industry. Isolation is evident in disconnected regional corporate elite networks, where the established North Atlantic corporate elite is interconnected through board interlocks, while corporate networks in Asia and other emerging economies remain disconnected. However, high levels of integration within the industry are also evident in an interconnected international company system formed through joint venture collaborations and in overlapping subsidiary networks centered on petrochemical hubs around the world. The article argues that the results demonstrate a combination of resilience and change, or path dependence and contingency, in patterns of corporate power and collaboration. Western company networks still form the social and spatial backbone of the industry, but these have been challenged by emerging strategic centers and isolated elite networks in other parts of the world. This article contributes to debates on industrial corporate elites, multiple globalizations, and the multipolar global economy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 363-387 Issue: 4 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1794809 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1794809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:4:p:363-387 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Paul Henderson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Henderson Title: Fair Trade Rebels: Coffee Production and Struggles for Autonomy in Chiapas Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 388-390 Issue: 4 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1766962 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1766962 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:4:p:388-390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brandon Hillier Author-X-Name-First: Brandon Author-X-Name-Last: Hillier Author-Name: Rachel Phillips Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips Author-Name: Max Cohen Author-X-Name-First: Max Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen Author-Name: Gabrielle Wolf Author-X-Name-First: Gabrielle Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf Author-Name: Micah Hilt Author-X-Name-First: Micah Author-X-Name-Last: Hilt Title: Market/Place: Exploring Spaces of Exchange Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 391-395 Issue: 4 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1787827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1787827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:4:p:391-395 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Thissen Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Thissen Author-Name: Frank van Oort Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: van Oort Author-Name: Philip McCann Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: McCann Author-Name: Raquel Ortega-Argilés Author-X-Name-First: Raquel Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega-Argilés Author-Name: Trond Husby Author-X-Name-First: Trond Author-X-Name-Last: Husby Title: The Implications of Brexit for UK and EU Regional Competitiveness Abstract: Any form of Brexit will impact heterogeneously in terms of sectors and regions on the competitive position of firms in both the UK and Europe. The ongoing uncertainty about the conditions under which the UK will be leaving the EU creates difficulties in structurally estimating these impacts. Using uniquely detailed interregional trade data on goods and services for the EU, we apply a novel methodology that disentangles region-sector sensitivities (elasticities) of firms’ competitive positions to (non)tariff barriers from the implications of different post-Brexit UK–EU trade scenarios. This enables us to derive the economic geography of competitive opportunities and vulnerabilities of Brexit of firms, along with the degree of uncertainty that surrounds these effects, independently from scenarios. Our analysis demonstrates that the adverse international competitive vulnerabilities of UK regions are much larger than those of the rest of the EU due to the dependency of the UK on the EU via global value chains. The impact on the competitive positions of firms means that within the UK, Brexit is likely to increase interregional inequalities. In contrast, interregional inequalities across Europe may actually fall, depending on the nature of the post-Brexit UK–EU trading arrangements. Moreover, the key political focus on the nature of the post-Brexit arrangements appears to be misplaced in that most UK regions are rather insensitive to the specific nature of the deal. As such, the economic geography implications of Brexit appear to be largely unrelated to UK domestic political narratives. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 397-421 Issue: 5 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1820862 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1820862 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:5:p:397-421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julia Loginova Author-X-Name-First: Julia Author-X-Name-Last: Loginova Author-Name: Thomas Sigler Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Sigler Author-Name: Kirsten Martinus Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten Author-X-Name-Last: Martinus Author-Name: Matthew Tonts Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Tonts Title: Spatial Differentiation of Variegated Capitalisms: A Comparative Analysis of Russian and Australian Oil and Gas Corporate City Networks Abstract: The globalization of firms is shaped at multiple scales by interdependencies and connections between places. The degree to which firm strategic behavior is global depends on capitalist variegation that reflects national particularity and path dependence linked to underlying global industry restructuring. This article develops an analytical framework for studying spatial differentiation of sectoral modes of variegated capitalism by applying a world city networks (WCN) approach to a highly globalized economic sector. It applies social network analysis to 24,299 intrafirm ties of 2,121 oil and gas firms in Russia and Australia linking 1,339 cities. An analysis of national networks, as they were in 2019, showed an introverted and centralized city network structure in Russia. Ties to domestic production centers and strategic geopolitical partners were strongly focused on Moscow, reflecting Russia’s state capitalism and the Soviet legacy of the state-led planning. In contrast, the liberal market orientation of Australia showed an extroverted and decentralized network, with strong links between Perth, Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and international energy hubs, global cities, and tax havens. We conclude that studying sectoral city network structures provides a more nuanced appreciation of economic processes as artifacts of embedded politico-territorial relations as they reflect the underlying role of the state affecting the strategic behavior of firms, essentially profiling sectoral modes of variegated capitalisms. This article seeks to enhance engagement by economic geographers with WCN research, by providing a novel comparative framework for capturing and interpreting uneven (variegated) spatial outcomes of diverse political–institutional contexts vis-à-vis specialized economic activity. By establishing a dialogue with variegated capitalisms literature, we extend the ongoing debates over how politico-territorial and sectoral relations contribute to city networks formation. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 422-448 Issue: 5 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1833713 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1833713 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:5:p:422-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexandra E. Sexton Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra E. Author-X-Name-Last: Sexton Title: Food as Software: Place, Protein, and Feeding the World Silicon Valley–Style Abstract: This article examines the role of place—specifically the place of Silicon Valley in California—in the emerging economic geographies of alternative proteins (APs), including cellular and plant-based substitutes. Drawing on original fieldwork data and existing economic geography debates on food, place, and innovation, I develop the concept of innovation terroir to examine the key role Silicon Valley has played in shaping the spatial trajectories and political possibilities of the AP sector. I first illustrate the power of Silicon Valley’s place-myth in (re)producing the importance for AP founders to be physically in place within the region, in part to access its renowned industrial resources but also to provide a protective niche of credibility and credulity for these nascent ventures. Second, I outline that to be there in spatial terms has also involved an encountering with a specific culture of logics and practices of the technoindustrial region of Silicon Valley. To succeed at doing protein food in this region has required a choice by AP ventures to become culturally in place and thereby reimagine food through the Valley’s image of high-tech entrepreneurial innovation; in short, it has required food to become software. This exploration of cultural emplacement builds directly on recent work in geography and related fields on alternative food economies, geographies of innovation, and the ontological politics of APs. It offers timely contributions for considering how AP development might be done otherwise and what it means to look to Silicon Valley for solutions to global food security and broader planetary challenges. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 449-469 Issue: 5 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1834382 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1834382 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:5:p:449-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonas Heiberg Author-X-Name-First: Jonas Author-X-Name-Last: Heiberg Author-Name: Christian Binz Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Binz Author-Name: Bernhard Truffer Author-X-Name-First: Bernhard Author-X-Name-Last: Truffer Title: The Geography of Technology Legitimation: How Multiscalar Institutional Dynamics Matter for Path Creation in Emerging Industries Abstract: Research in economic geography has recently been challenged to adopt more institutional and multiscalar perspectives on industrial path development. This article contributes to this debate by integrating insights from (evolutionary) economic geography as well as transition and innovation studies into a conceptual framework of how path creation in emerging industries depends on the availability of both knowledge and legitimacy. Unlike the extant literature, we argue here that not only the former but also the latter may substantially depend on nonlocal sources. Conceptually, we distinguish between multiscalar export, attraction, and absorption of legitimacy. Coupled with conventional knowledge indicators, this approach enables us to reconstruct how not only external knowledge sourcing but also multiscalar institutional dynamics contribute to a region or country’s ability to leverage its potential for path creation in an emerging industry. Methodologically, we develop legitimation indicators from a global media database, which was built around the case of modular water technologies. Cross-comparing the evidence from six key countries (India, Israel, Singapore, South Africa, the UK, the US) with differing path creation constellations for this emerging industry, allows us to hypothesize how multiscalar legitimation influences a country’s prospects for creating a radically new industrial path. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 470-498 Issue: 5 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1842189 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1842189 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:5:p:470-498 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor J. Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Trevor J. Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Title: Out of Stock: The Warehouse in the History of Capitalism Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 499-501 Issue: 5 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1819160 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1819160 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:5:p:499-501 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alyssa Battistoni Author-X-Name-First: Alyssa Author-X-Name-Last: Battistoni Title: How Nature Works: Rethinking Labor on a Troubled Planet Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 502-503 Issue: 5 Volume: 96 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1819161 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1819161 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:96:y:2020:i:5:p:502-503 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan Burns Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Burns Title: Too Smart: How Digital Capitalism Is Extracting Data, Controlling Our Lives, and Taking over the World Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 115-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1819159 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1819159 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:1:p:115-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Felix C. Müller Author-X-Name-First: Felix C. Author-X-Name-Last: Müller Author-Name: Jana M. Kleibert Author-X-Name-First: Jana M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kleibert Author-Name: Oliver Ibert Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Ibert Title: Hiding in the Spotlight: Commodifying Nature and Geographies of Dissociation in the Fur-Fashion Complex Abstract: Multiple challenges plague actors that commodify nature and create markets around products made from natural organisms. Primary among these is the reputational risk that results from negative impressions and moral contestations such as animal abuse, bad labor conditions, or pollution. In this contribution, we draw on cultural economic geography, and in particular the concept of dissociation, to demonstrate how supply side actors deal with such threats to their reputation. Geographies of dissociation provide a spatial perspective on the social construction of economic value, with a particular focus on the purposeful obfuscation of practices and the disconnection of discourses. We use the fur-fashion complex as a single case study, representing an extreme but instructive example, to study the agencies and effects of dissociative practices empirically. During our in-depth qualitative research on both the production and consumption of fur fashion, we focus on proactive and reactive dissociative strategies of the most powerful commercial actors in the field: fur-breeder associations and retail brands/brand owners. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 89-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1858713 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1858713 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:1:p:89-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandra Colombelli Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra Author-X-Name-Last: Colombelli Author-Name: Elena Grinza Author-X-Name-First: Elena Author-X-Name-Last: Grinza Author-Name: Valentina Meliciani Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Author-X-Name-Last: Meliciani Author-Name: Mariacristina Rossi Author-X-Name-First: Mariacristina Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi Title: Pulling Effects in Immigrant Entrepreneurship: Does Gender Matter? Abstract: We examine whether the existing stock of immigrant firms induces more new firms of the same nationality in the same sector and province. We carry out the analysis by using Italian administrative data on the population of individual firms observed over the time window 2002–13. We find support for a strong attractiveness (pulling) effect, which significantly differs by gender, with female immigrant entrepreneurs showing a lower reactiveness to the existing stock of firms compared to their male counterparts. Also, we find that exposure to gender inequality matters for the degree of equality of the pulling effect between genders. Only for countries of origin with unequal gender opportunities do female immigrants show a lower pulling effect than their male peers. No difference in the effect between men and women is, instead, found with reference to the degree of gender inequality in the destination. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1874242 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1874242 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:1:p:1-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefanos Ioannou Author-X-Name-First: Stefanos Author-X-Name-Last: Ioannou Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: Finance, Globalization, and Urban Primacy Abstract: We use data from 131 countries in the period 2000–14 to analyze the determinants of urban primacy, calculated as the share of the city with the largest gross domestic product (GDP) in a country in the total GDP of that country. While prior research has largely neglected the role of financial factors, we demonstrate that urban primacy is related positively to the size of financial activity. In addition, currency depreciation in relation to the US dollar is related to lower urban primacy, while gross capital outflows are related to higher urban primacy. We find that trade openness—a key indicator of globalization—also coincides with higher urban primacy, but this relationship is statistically and economically less significant than that between finance and urban primacy. Among other factors, we show that urban primacy is smaller in countries with a large population, high population density, a large agricultural sector, and a federal political structure, and particularly high in countries where primate cities have seaport functions. Our main results hold in both developed and developing countries. We discuss a wide range of mechanisms through which finance can affect urban primacy, including agglomeration economies, proximity to power, access to capital, financialization, and financial instability. In short, finance has a crucial impact on the geographic distribution of economic activity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 34-65 Issue: 1 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1861935 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1861935 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:1:p:34-65 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shengjun Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Shengjun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Qi Guo Author-X-Name-First: Qi Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Canfei He Author-X-Name-First: Canfei Author-X-Name-Last: He Title: Strong Links and Weak Links: How Do Unrelated Industries Survive in an Unfriendly Environment? Abstract: The evolutionary economic geography strand’s emphasis on related diversification as a path for economic development generally leads to greater territorial polarization: places already at the vanguard of production and with more advanced sectors tend to perform better, while less developed, often peripheral places remain stuck in low competitive equilibria. More recently, literature reveals cases where countries/regions may deviate and jump into new, unrelated industries, which have the potential to generate growth and convergence. Nonetheless, we still know little about what happens after jumps into unrelated industries and what factors facilitate the development of such industries. This issue is important, since it is often difficult for unrelated industries to take advantage of local competences and resources, or unfriendly environments. Our first contribution is thus to fill this gap by examining how unrelated industries could survive in an unfriendly environment. Another contribution is to bring the network properties of the industry space to the forefront, and show that unrelated and related industries have distinct preferences in terms of the number and strength of links. The hypothesis is that unrelated industries with a small of number of strong links tend to have better economic performance, while related industries with a large number of weak links are more likely to grow rapidly. We also contribute to the current literature methodologically by developing a new variety indicator that complements the density indicator. The econometric results confirm our main hypothesis. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 66-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1837618 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1837618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:1:p:66-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Al James Author-X-Name-First: Al Author-X-Name-Last: James Title: The Gig Economy: A Critical Introduction Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 113-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1831908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1831908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:1:p:113-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paula Prenzel Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Prenzel Author-Name: Simona Iammarino Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Iammarino Title: Labor Force Aging and the Composition of Regional Human Capital Abstract: Human capital investments are frequently suggested as a policy measure to cope with smaller and older labor forces caused by demographic change across Europe. However, the availability and composition of human capital is fundamentally intertwined with demographic structures, especially at a regional level. This article analyzes how aging is related to the regional composition of human capital for German regions between 2000 and 2010. The findings show that labor force aging is associated with lower educational attainment and that older labor forces have higher shares of traditional vocational degrees. On a national level, education expansion still sufficiently compensates for the effects of population aging, but regional human capital composition shows distinct trends. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 140-163 Issue: 2 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1885294 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1885294 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:2:p:140-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roberto Antonietti Author-X-Name-First: Roberto Author-X-Name-Last: Antonietti Author-Name: Sandro Montresor Author-X-Name-First: Sandro Author-X-Name-Last: Montresor Title: Going beyond Relatedness: Regional Diversification Trajectories and Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) in Italian Regions Abstract: We propose a new approach to regional diversification that, going beyond relatedness, investigates regions’ capacity to move along different diversification trajectories. By integrating evolutionary economic geography and transition studies, we focus on the patterns of regional diversification that emerge by retaining its place and path dependence and argue that local endowment of Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) has a role in their sequential unfolding for escaping lock-in situations. Combining patent and employment data for Italian NUTS-3 regions, we run a series of ordered logit models and find that regions with more KETs knowledge are actually better able to engage in unrelated diversification trajectories but only when KETs are used by other local technologies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 187-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1920390 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1920390 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:2:p:187-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juan M. del Nido Author-X-Name-First: Juan M. Author-X-Name-Last: del Nido Title: Resource Radicals: From Petro-Nationalism to Post-Extractivism in Ecuador Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 208-209 Issue: 2 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2020.1855973 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2020.1855973 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:2:p:208-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivan De Noni Author-X-Name-First: Ivan Author-X-Name-Last: De Noni Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi Title: Breakthrough Invention Performance of Multispecialized Clustered Regions in Europe Abstract: The regional literature of the last decades has been characterized by an extended debate on the role of regional diversification compared to specialization as a driver of innovation. In this context, the smart specialization framework has recently developed a balanced perspective by emphasizing the role of related diversification of the regional portfolio. Nevertheless, most of the empirical research on the topic has investigated the intensity rather than relevance of technological progress. This article contributes to this framework by exploring the breakthrough performance of European regions. In particular, by focusing on industry–region pairs in place of regions as a whole, the article attempts to claim that the ability to produce breakthrough inventions is higher in multispecialized clustered regions, since it depends on both the specialization of industries and the technological relatedness to the clustered industries of the region. The implications at the level of regional policies are huge, given that the potential of unrelated competitive industries might remain largely unexploited, and diversification in related, although not competitive, industries risks being unprofitable. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 164-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1894924 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1894924 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:2:p:164-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Silje Haus-Reve Author-X-Name-First: Silje Author-X-Name-Last: Haus-Reve Author-Name: Abigail Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Abigail Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: Rune Dahl Fitjar Author-X-Name-First: Rune Dahl Author-X-Name-Last: Fitjar Author-Name: Tom Kemeny Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Kemeny Title: Does Assimilation Shape the Economic Value of Immigrant Diversity? Abstract: A growing literature has shown that greater diversity among immigrants offers material benefits in terms of higher wages and productivity. One limitation of existing work is that it has considered immigrants from a given country to be homogenous. However, immigrants differ in various ways, not least in their level of assimilation. This article considers how assimilation might shape diversity’s economic effects. Intuition suggests two conflicting dynamics. Assimilation could lower barriers immigrants and natives face in interacting with one another, and thus enhance benefits. Equally, however, assimilation could reduce heuristic differences between immigrants and native-born workers, dampening spillovers from diversity. We use linked employer–employee data from Norway to test these ideas. We construct diversity indices at the regional and workplace scale to capture different aspects of assimilation, and observe how these are related to worker productivity, proxied using wages. We find that assimilation dampens externalities from immigrant diversity. Diversity among second-generation or childhood migrants offers smaller benefits than diversity in teenage or adult arrivals. Immigrants’ cultural proximity to Norway, and their experience of tertiary education in Norway, each also reduce the social return to diversity. While assimilation processes may benefit society in various ways, these findings are consistent with the idea that, by diminishing the heuristic gaps between migrants and native-born workers, integration reduces the productivity externalities derived from immigrant diversity. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 117-139 Issue: 2 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1897462 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1897462 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:2:p:117-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen Bao Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Bao Title: The Fall and Rise of Social Housing: 100 Years on 20 Estates Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 210-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1888642 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1888642 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:2:p:210-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Małgorzata Lekan Author-X-Name-First: Małgorzata Author-X-Name-Last: Lekan Author-Name: Andrew E. G. Jonas Author-X-Name-First: Andrew E. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Jonas Author-Name: Pauline Deutz Author-X-Name-First: Pauline Author-X-Name-Last: Deutz Title: Circularity as Alterity? Untangling Circuits of Value in the Social Enterprise–Led Local Development of the Circular Economy Abstract: In recent years, the circular economy (CE) paradigm has emerged as a mainstream policy discourse having the potential to disrupt linear economic development pathways by extracting and retaining the maximum value from existing resources through their recirculation. Highlighting the diverse circuits of value implicated in local CE development, this article considers how the ecological (material) and extraeconomic (social) premises of CE thinking can be harnessed through mission-driven social enterprises (SEs). Using a case study of a SE project in Graz, Austria, which is engaged in CE activities across the textile, interior design/wood, and food sectors, it proposes a novel heuristic framework for examining the role of circuits of value in constructing alternative circular narratives and local circular economic development trajectories. In doing so, this framework positions SE as an entity entangled in a complex web of interconnected material and social relations and practices that occur across coexisting mainstream and alternative economic spaces of production, exchange, and consumption. By aligning the CE concept with circuits of value, the article further shows the importance of mapping and conceptualizing value flows and feedback loops associated with the local development of the CE in a given spatial and temporal context. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 257-283 Issue: 3 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1931109 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1931109 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:3:p:257-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moritz Breul Author-X-Name-First: Moritz Author-X-Name-Last: Breul Author-Name: Carolin Hulke Author-X-Name-First: Carolin Author-X-Name-Last: Hulke Author-Name: Linus Kalvelage Author-X-Name-First: Linus Author-X-Name-Last: Kalvelage Title: Path Formation and Reformation: Studying the Variegated Consequences of Path Creation for Regional Development Abstract: The emergence of new regional paths is a key topic in economic geography. While new paths are largely associated with positive regional economic outcomes, little is known about how the formation of a new industry affects other parts of the regional economy. By linking recent conceptual advancements on early path formation and interpath relationships, this article develops a framework for studying how path creation, as a result of diverse resource formation processes, can cause reformation processes of existing industries. The value of the framework is illustrated in a case study on the tourism path formation process in the Zambezi region (Namibia) and its impacts on the agricultural sector. The findings reveal how the path formation has caused new forms of intraregional inequalities as well as novel opportunities for the existing agricultural sector depending on the interpath relationship. Beyond these case study–specific findings, the results emphasize the importance of a broader perspective that goes beyond a single new path and includes nonparticipating regional actors in the analysis. Only in this way can we understand how new path creation translates into regional economic development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 213-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1922277 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1922277 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:3:p:213-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Fritsch Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch Author-Name: Michael Wyrwich Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Wyrwich Title: Does Successful Innovation Require Large Urban Areas? Germany as a Counterexample Abstract: Popular theories claim that innovation activities should be located in large cities because of more favorable environmental conditions that are absent in smaller cities or peripheral areas. Germany provides a counterexample to such theories. We argue that a major reason behind the geography of innovation in Germany is the country’s pronounced legacy of political fragmentation that created a decentralized settlement structure, shaped the geographic distribution of universities and public research institutions, and brought about a rather uniform and local access to finance. We show how political fragmentation influenced the emergence of historic centers of knowledge production and impacts the positioning of innovation activities today. We conclude that institutional factors should play a more prominent role in theories that aim at explaining the spatial distribution of innovation activities. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 284-308 Issue: 3 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1920391 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1920391 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:3:p:284-308 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ilias Alami Author-X-Name-First: Ilias Author-X-Name-Last: Alami Title: Geofinance between Political and Financial Geographies: A Focus on the Semi-Periphery of the Global Financial System Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 309-311 Issue: 3 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1894923 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1894923 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:3:p:309-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Clark Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: Cities and Regions in Crisis: The Political Economy of Sub-National Economic Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 312-314 Issue: 3 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1902300 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1902300 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:3:p:312-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frances Brill Author-X-Name-First: Frances Author-X-Name-Last: Brill Author-Name: Sara Özogul Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Özogul Title: Follow the Firm: Analyzing the International Ascendance of Build to Rent Abstract: Economic geography and housing studies have begun to grapple with how institutional investment operates and impacts particular cities or sites. There has been less attention to the ways in which institutional investment functions across different scales: the theorization of financialization has, to date, left unaddressed the ways in which global or international actors confront multiple scales of corporate strategy, politics, and markets. In this article we utilize a firm-level analysis to engage with the financialization of rental housing in two cities, by following a residential landlord’s entrance into professionalized private residential rental—build to rent (BTR)—markets in London and Amsterdam. Conceptually, we develop a firm-centered approach for analyzing the multiscalar nature of financing BTR to rent housing. This approach combines valuable insights from work on the firm in economic geography and critical perspectives from the wider spatial sciences, to fully grasp a firm’s behavior in relation to the wider political institutional dynamics. We reveal how the firm’s multiscalar corporate strategies interact with highly territorialized systems of regulation and governance in both cities. Despite different market dynamics in London and Amsterdam, in both cities the firm mitigates risk by entering the market via student housing; it acquires local knowledge, and it establishes meaningful connections with private local actors and policy makers. These insights, we contend, contribute to the theorization of financialization by demonstrating the multiscalar nature of the processes embedded within it. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 235-256 Issue: 3 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1931108 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1931108 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:3:p:235-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pengfei Li Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Title: Spatial Knowledge Strategies: An Analysis of International Investments Using Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) Abstract: Knowledge generation is often viewed as a direct outcome of spatial proximity or other social affinities between firms. In rejecting structural interpretations, this article emphasizes the crucial role of agency in orchestrating knowledge transfer and generation over space. We explore how firms strategically leverage the uneven geography of knowledge in international investments and identify four spatial knowledge strategies according to the direction of knowledge flows and mode of connection: knowledge replicating, scouting, connecting, and integrating. Drawing from a relational perspective, we develop four propositions to investigate how these strategies are configured in specific spatial settings. It is argued that replicating and scouting strategies occur from clusters to nonclusters and from nonclusters to clusters, respectively, while connecting and integrating strategies take place in cluster-to-cluster contexts. Adopting fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), an investigation of forty-nine headquarters-subsidiary linkages between Canada and China substantiates the four knowledge strategies and their spatial configurations, and shows how spatial structure and agency are fundamentally intertwined and influence each other. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 366-389 Issue: 4 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1941858 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1941858 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:4:p:366-389 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Warren Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Warren Author-Name: Chris Gibson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson Title: The Commodity and Its Aftermarkets: Products as Unfinished Business Abstract: Capitalist commodities have a necessary but overlooked accompaniment: aftermarkets. Aftermarkets are conventionally understood as secondary commercial transactions linked to commodity consumption and circulation. Yet for many products with accelerating design complexity, tighter regulation, growing debt financing, safety, and sustainability concerns, the action is in aftermarkets. Following feminist economic geography’s recognition of betweenness and messiness, we theorize commodities and their aftermarkets beyond the production-consumption binary. Three themes emerge. First, purchased commodities are far from finished. Commodification remains ongoing after exchange, with actors tussling over value extraction. Second, beyond transactional conceptions, aftermarkets are the loci of ongoing social relations, especially for products essential to life opportunities. Manufacturers manipulate time horizons, locking consumers into relationships while encouraging subsequent sales and preconfiguring second-hand aftermarkets. Third, commodities are imbricated in multidirectional power geometries, embodying informational, technological, financial, and labor relations that evolve in everyday circulation, use, decay, and waste. We illustrate via automobiles and their aftermarkets, visiting spaces at the production-consumption interface. Cars are increasingly embedded with digital technologies and noninterchangeable components, enabling firms to coordinate aftermarkets, marginalize independent operators, harvest driver information, and predict profits. Meanwhile, car dependencies among vulnerable households are exploited. Inequalities and conflicts unfurl between competing capitalist interests, regulators, and households across the income spectrum. Mediating social relations are predatory finance, calculative designs, data platforms, and technological rents. Commodities, we conclude, are unfinished. Aftermarkets must figure more prominently in economic geography, as important arenas of value creation suffused with uneven social relations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 338-365 Issue: 4 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1939007 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1939007 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:4:p:338-365 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Schulz Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Schulz Title: The Handbook of Diverse Economies Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 411-412 Issue: 4 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1948326 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1948326 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:4:p:411-412 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Sheppard Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Sheppard Title: Rentier Capitalism: Who Owns the Economy, and Who Pays for It? Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 413-414 Issue: 4 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1944095 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1944095 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:4:p:413-414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Darius Ornston Author-X-Name-First: Darius Author-X-Name-Last: Ornston Title: How Stories Shape Regional Development: Collective Narratives and High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Waterloo, Canada Abstract: The Waterloo region in Canada has emerged as an unlikely competitor in high-technology markets, challenging theories based on path dependency, population density, anchor firms, and military spending. While theorists and residents attribute the rise of high-technology entrepreneurship to cooperation, evidence of collaboration is sparse. This article resolves this puzzle by explaining how ideas can coordinate action in loosely coupled systems. Dense, cross-cutting civic networks may not have supported task-specific cooperation, but they facilitated the construction and diffusion of collective narratives. Conventionally understood to leverage locational assets, the Waterloo case demonstrates how storytelling can also soften geographic constraints. Success stories inspired entrepreneurs by reconceptualizing what was possible, peer-to-peer mentoring helped firms to navigate local constraints, and external marketing enabled the region to access resources it could not mobilize internally. By documenting the importance of storytelling as a form of collective action, the Waterloo case illuminates a broader array of strategies available to local change agents and smaller regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 390-410 Issue: 4 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1945435 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1945435 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:4:p:390-410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana M. Kleibert Author-X-Name-First: Jana M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kleibert Title: Geographies of Marketization in Higher Education: Branch Campuses as Territorial and Symbolic Fixes Abstract: The role of higher education institutions as active agents of globalization and marketization remains relatively little explored. Economic geographic perspectives are particularly well placed to investigate globalizing higher education as an important economic sector, in addition to its supportive role in the knowledge economy. Drawing on political economic and cultural economic perspectives on marketization and geographic fixes, the study analyzes the motivations and spatial strategies for geographic expansion of universities through the establishment of branch campuses. Based on qualitative interviews with key decision-makers of English universities, I argue that (international) branch campuses enable a range of geographic fixes for higher education institutions: a territorial fix through the geographic expansion and construction of segmented markets and a symbolic fix through the relocation of campuses to places that promise reputational gains. The rapid growth of British branch campuses abroad and domestically (in the global city of London) involve substantial financial and reputational risks and as fixes constitute only temporary stabilizations. The conceptualization of symbolic fixes, in addition to territorial fixes, may enable a more nuanced understanding of the role of space in the construction of segmented, yet relational markets that combines intersecting political economic and cultural economic logics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 315-337 Issue: 4 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1933937 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1933937 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:4:p:315-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heather Whiteside Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Whiteside Title: Debt and Austerity: Implications of the Financial Crisis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 524-526 Issue: 5 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1949280 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1949280 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:5:p:524-526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Camilla Lenzi Author-X-Name-First: Camilla Author-X-Name-Last: Lenzi Author-Name: Giovanni Perucca Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni Author-X-Name-Last: Perucca Title: People or Places that Don’t Matter? Individual and Contextual Determinants of the Geography of Discontent Abstract: The rise of a geography of political discontent in the EU documented in recent studies highlights a strong spatial association between antisystem voting, regional economic decline, and poor occupational opportunities, suggesting that economic disparities within the EU are the origin of some of the most recent and shocking political events like Brexit. This article reexamines this statement by disentangling the effect on individual and political discontent of different socioeconomic disadvantage conditions at the interregional, intraregional, and individual level. Making use of a large data set on the individual and political discontent perceived by EU citizens between 2013 and 2018, our analysis confirms that a geography of discontent exists across EU regions. Nevertheless, our findings also highlight that intraregional inequalities do matter for individual discontent, and individual socioeconomic disadvantage conditions amplify further this negative effect. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 415-445 Issue: 5 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1973419 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1973419 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:5:p:415-445 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seamus Grimes Author-X-Name-First: Seamus Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes Title: Decoding China’s Export Miracle: A Global Value Chain Analysis Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 521-523 Issue: 5 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1959313 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1959313 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:5:p:521-523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Huggins Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins Author-Name: Piers Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Piers Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Title: Behavioral Explanations of Spatial Disparities in Productivity: The Role of Cultural and Psychological Profiling Abstract: This article argues that theories of economic development and productivity should move beyond the generally known factors and mechanisms of such development. It is theoretically proposed and empirically illustrated that differences in human behavior are significant deep-rooted causes of spatial economic and productivity disparities. The article examines the relationship between behavioral constructs and productivity using data for local areas across England. Measures of personality psychology and community culture (including both living culture and cultural heritage) are hypothesized to be related to activities impacting upon productivity performance at the local level. The analysis indicates that underlying human behavioral factors play a role in determining rates of productivity and levels of economic development in localities and regions. Culture and psychological traits, as manifested in the form of the psychocultural behavior of localities and regions, appear to shape their long-term development trajectories. Localities that have relatively atomized behavioral environments with high levels of individual commitment tend to enjoy productivity benefits. Similarly, places with high rates of cultural diversity and extravert individuals have relatively high rates of productivity. It is concluded that from a policy perspective, governments looking to level up local and regional economies should pay greater attention to understanding behavioral influences on productivity, especially related to strategies focused on behavioral nudges, institutional changes, and education systems. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 446-474 Issue: 5 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1973420 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1973420 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:5:p:446-474 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pedro Marques Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Author-X-Name-Last: Marques Author-Name: Kevin Morgan Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan Title: Innovation without Regional Development? The Complex Interplay of Innovation, Institutions, and Development Abstract: This article argues that the development of regional innovation concepts, drawing primarily on the experiences of advanced regions, has led to inadequate narratives about the experience of less-developed regions (LDRs). Drawing on the extensive experience of the authors doing research in LDRs, the article develops three main arguments: first it examines the limitations of endogenous approaches to regional development, in particular concerning the role of formal dynamics (within organizations and institutions) in innovation systems. It will be argued that understanding the role of formal dynamics is fundamental to avoid culturally deterministic explanations of regional (under)development and to help design more effective policies. Second, this article will explore the literature that demonstrates the complex interplay between innovation, institutions, and regional development. The authors argue that though innovation is fundamental for long-term economic growth, innovation at firm level is not sufficient to generate development. Third, this article distills the policy implications of the foregoing analysis, namely, by highlighting alternatives to current models of innovation-based, export-based development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 475-496 Issue: 5 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1972801 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1972801 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:5:p:475-496 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jason Deegan Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Deegan Author-Name: Tom Broekel Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Broekel Author-Name: Rune Dahl Fitjar Author-X-Name-First: Rune Dahl Author-X-Name-Last: Fitjar Title: Searching through the Haystack:The Relatedness and Complexity of Priorities in Smart Specialization Strategies Abstract: This article examines which economic domains regional policy makers aim to develop in regional innovation strategies, focusing in particular on the complexity of those economic domains and their relatedness to other economic domains in the region. We build on the economic geography literature that advises policy makers to target related and complex economic domains, and assess the extent to which regions actually do this. The article draws on data from the smart specialization strategies of 128 NUTS-2 regions across Europe. While regions are more likely to select complex economic domains related to their current economic domain portfolio, complexity and relatedness figure independently, rather than in combination, in choosing priorities. We also find that regions in the same country tend to select the same priorities, contrary to the idea of a division of labor across regions that smart specialization implies. Overall, these findings suggest that smart specialization may be considerably less place based in practice than it is in theory. There is a need to develop better tools to inform regions’ priority choices, given the importance of priority selection in smart specialization strategies and regional innovation policy more broadly. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 497-520 Issue: 5 Volume: 97 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1967739 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1967739 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:97:y:2021:i:5:p:497-520 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefan Ouma Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma Title: Property, Institutions, and Social Stratification in Africa Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 91-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1985358 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1985358 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:1:p:91-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yiou Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Yiou Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: David L. Rigby Author-X-Name-First: David L. Author-X-Name-Last: Rigby Title: Do Capabilities Reside in Firms or in Regions? Analysis of Related Diversification in Chinese Knowledge Production Abstract: Do capabilities reside in firms, in regions, or in both? Within economic geography, most contemporary research on diversification examines how local structures condition regional development possibilities. The underlying logic is that capabilities are generated within regions and sometimes shared between them. We challenge that logic, exploring whether capabilities are more likely to emerge within the firm and to flow across spatial boundaries than they are to be built within the region flowing across firm boundaries. Analysis focuses on technological diversification within the establishments of multilocational firms operating across Chinese cities. Overall, the results demonstrate that the knowledge structure of firms is more important than the knowledge structure of cities in shaping diversification within establishments. We show that rates of technological diversification vary according to plant status (headquarters or not), location (core or peripheral city), and on whether plants are introducing more or less complex knowledge. The influence of plant, firm, and regional characteristics on diversification vary markedly across the analytical samples examined. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1977115 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1977115 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:1:p:1-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shyamain Wickramasingha Author-X-Name-First: Shyamain Author-X-Name-Last: Wickramasingha Author-Name: Neil M. Coe Author-X-Name-First: Neil M. Author-X-Name-Last: Coe Title: Conceptualizing Labor Regimes in Global Production Networks: Uneven Outcomes across the Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan Apparel Industries Abstract: This article seeks to develop the concept of labor regimes as a tool for understanding the uneven labor outcomes of global production networks (GPNs). Existing work on labor regimes tends to give primacy to the control of labor, thereby analyzing labor regimes largely from a governance perspective. The agency of labor, however, is deeply embedded in the workings of labor regimes in GPNs, and remains somewhat undertheorized therein. In this article, we seek to build on recent work that has revivified the concept of labor regimes in the context of global production to develop an approach that brings the governance and agency of labor under one analytical domain. For this purpose, we develop a multiscalar conceptual framework with relations amongst and between labor, capital, the state, and international civil society organizations delimited as the key dynamics shaping labor regimes. By employing comparative case study methods and qualitative inquiry, the article deploys this framework to examine and compare the labor regimes of the Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan apparel industries, which exhibit seemingly very different labor outcomes in the context of enrollment in similar GPNs. Based on the findings, the article explains how and why labor regimes are shaped as a result of the variable intersections of governance and agency, which in turn are deeply embedded in, and constitutive of, both global production dynamics and territorially specific characteristics. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 68-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1987879 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1987879 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:1:p:68-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moritz Breul Author-X-Name-First: Moritz Author-X-Name-Last: Breul Title: Advanced Introduction to Global Production Networks Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 94-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1968296 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1968296 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:1:p:94-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lotte Thomsen Author-X-Name-First: Lotte Author-X-Name-Last: Thomsen Author-Name: Martin Hess Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Hess Title: Dialectics of Association and Dissociation: Spaces of Valuation, Trade, and Retail in the Gemstone and Jewelry Sector Abstract: This article aims to substantiate how processes of valuation translate between different registers of value. We develop an analytical framework of how valuation is intertwined with geographic origination and the geographies of association and dissociation, which establish how commodities and consumer products are either associated with, or dissociated from, matters that are beneficial or damaging for sales and brand reputation. The article focuses on the rather unexplored gemstone and jewelry sector, and shows how the analysis of value is not reducible to Marxist notions of exchange and use value but needs to take into account symbolic and sign value, and embrace dis/association dialectics. It develops a novel conceptual framework that draws upon the early work of Baudrillard on symbolic value, together with Marxian value theory, and mobilizes it for the analysis of association–dissociation dialectics and practices in global value chains. We are particularly concerned with the role of origination and provenance to highlight the intrinsically geographic dimensions of gemstones that are enacted by traders and retailers in the valuation process. The article shows how valuation and consumption of gemstone and jewelry play out through complex and multiscalar, relational associative and dissociative practices, which intertwine with revealed sustainability problems in the diamond industry. It also shows how a current rise in the value and popularity of colored stones interrelate with a corporate refocusing away from mined diamonds, and entails even more in-transparent supply networks. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 49-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1989302 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1989302 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:1:p:49-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wenying Fu Author-X-Name-First: Wenying Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: Kean Fan Lim Author-X-Name-First: Kean Fan Author-X-Name-Last: Lim Title: The Constitutive Role of State Structures in Strategic Coupling: On the Formation and Evolution of Sino-German Production Networks in Jieyang, China Abstract: Research on the strategic coupling between regions and global lead firms has largely assumed that the regional assets for coupling are ready made and are largely unchanging throughout the coupling process. This article takes this assumption as its critical point of departure and presents a new framework that considers how regional assets are actively (re)configured across multiple scales in ways that could redefine the prevailing mode of strategic coupling. The empirical basis of this framework is derived from a long-term case study on the formation and evolution of Sino-German production networks in environmental goods and services (EGS) in Jieyang, a relatively peripheral city in Guangdong province in China. The analysis draws from thirty-three interviews and seven focus group discussions, conducted between 2014 and 2020, with nonstate and state actors in Jieyang. Findings highlight how Zhongde, a coalition of Jieyang-based firms, transcended the limitations of structural coupling, which exemplifies uneven power relations between regions and lead firms, and attained more balanced coupling relations with German-led EGS global production networks (GPNs) through realigning interests with those of national-level institutions. Responding positively to the structural constraints and opportunities within a Chinese state structure based on experimental governance, Zhongde connected German EGS lead firms to the highly profitable but protected EGS market in China. This ability to jump between scales underscores the cross-scalar and dynamic aspects of strategic coupling: Zhongde was able to meet German-led EGS GPNs’ demand for market access and enhanced localization economies through reconfiguring regional assets. Abstracting from these findings, the article enhances the explanation of the evolution of strategic coupling by conceptualizing its intrinsic dynamism and incorporating state structural effects. Finally, it presents two directions for further research on GPN reconfigurations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 25-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.1985995 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.1985995 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:1:p:25-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Panitz Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Panitz Author-Name: Johannes Glückler Author-X-Name-First: Johannes Author-X-Name-Last: Glückler Title: Relocation Decisions in Uncertain Times: Brexit and Financial Services Abstract: This article examines the impact of uncertainty and profound political, economic, and regulatory changes on the process of geographic reorganization of the financial industry in the course of Brexit. It draws on historic lessons of massive relocations within the financial industry in Europe to conjecture three scenarios: (1) concentrated relocation to build a new European lead financial center (FC), (2) least necessary relocation to meet regulatory requirements for operation in the EU single market, and (3) selective relocation and cumulative functional specialization of regional FCs. Drawing on official statistics, corporate and media reports, as well as on qualitative interviews and participant observation in the field, we build an original database of published plans and confirmed practices of geographic reorganization. Our analysis of the relocations of financial service firms from London to five leading FCs on the European continent supports the least necessary relocation as well as selective relocation scenarios. We conclude that Brexit-induced reorganization actually reproduces the existing geographic architecture while simultaneously deepening the divisions of labor among the established European FCs. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 119-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.2009336 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.2009336 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:2:p:119-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Hughes-McLure Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Hughes-McLure Author-Name: Emma Mawdsley Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Mawdsley Title: Innovative Finance for Development? Vaccine Bonds and the Hidden Costs of Financialization Abstract: Innovative finance is now considered essential to mobilize the trillions projected as required to meet the sustainable development goals. The International Finance Facility for Immunisation (IFFIm), which issues vaccine bonds, is an emblematic example of innovative finance in global health and development. Since its launch in 2006, IFFIm has played a leading role in developing social bonds and funding global health, securing over $8 billion in donor commitments, and disbursing over $3 billion to date to Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Adopting a follow the money approach, we set out a significant, evidence-based challenge to some of the dominant development claims around innovative development finance more widely and IFFIm in particular. We find evidence of nontrivial private profit making, hiding in plain sight, at the expense of beneficiaries and donors. Through advanced critical financial analysis, we reveal precisely who benefits and by how much. Furthermore, our analysis shows in detail how financialization reduces political control over aid, and the uneven spatial distribution of material rewards and political power. While IFFIm delivers on its claim to front-load aid commitments and makes a significant contribution to global health, the article asks whether the economic and political costs of innovative financing mechanisms are worth it. We finish by showing that alternative models for vaccine finance are possible. A postscript provides a brief account of how IFFIm has responded to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 145-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.2020090 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.2020090 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:2:p:145-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Overton Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Overton Title: Farming as Financial Asset: Global Finance and the Making of Institutional Landscapes Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 197-198 Issue: 2 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2027144 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2027144 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:2:p:197-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Author-Name: Liam Keenan Author-X-Name-First: Liam Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan Author-Name: Vladimír Pažitka Author-X-Name-First: Vladimír Author-X-Name-Last: Pažitka Author-Name: Michael Urban Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Urban Author-Name: Wei Wu Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: The Changing Landscape of International Financial Centers in the Twenty-First Century: Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions in the Global Financial Network Abstract: We conduct an analysis of cross-border financial sector mergers and acquisitions (M&As) between 2000 and 2017 to explore the changing landscape of international financial centers (IFCs) and the spatial concentration of decision-making power in the Global Financial Network (GFN). Our analysis starts with time zones, showing a slow rise of IFCs in the Asia-Pacific, decline in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, and resilience in the Americas. We then identify which IFCs are net targets and net acquirers in M&As before and after the global financial crisis as well as which IFCs switch position between net target and net acquirer. Homing in on key groups of IFCs in the GFN, we show the persistent high profile of the New York and London axis of global finance, the important roles of Singapore and Hong Kong as mid-shore IFCs in Asia, and the continued significance of Gulf and offshore IFCs. These findings not only showcase M&A data as valuable analytical tools in exploring the geographies of finance but address a persistent theoretical gap concerning how power moves, concentrates, and is exercised as part of the GFN. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 97-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.2010535 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.2010535 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:2:p:97-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fabrizio Fusillo Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio Author-X-Name-Last: Fusillo Author-Name: Davide Consoli Author-X-Name-First: Davide Author-X-Name-Last: Consoli Author-Name: Francesco Quatraro Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Quatraro Title: Resilience, Skill Endowment, and Diversity: Evidence from US Metropolitan Areas Abstract: This article investigates the role of technological, industrial, and human capital composition in shaping short-term regional resilience in the wake of the Great Recession of 2008. Using data on 295 US Metropolitan Statistical Areas over the period 2008–14, we find that the most resilient regions feature a very diversified industrial structure. At the same time, an excess of technological diversity thwarts the ability to absorb external shocks. Lastly, a high endowment of high-level abstract skills is positively correlated with regional resilience, though the moderating effect of technological diversity is negative. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 170-196 Issue: 2 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.2008797 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.2008797 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:2:p:170-196 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caroline Veldhuizen Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Veldhuizen Author-Name: Lars Coenen Author-X-Name-First: Lars Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen Title: Smart Specialization in Australia: Between Policy Mobility and Regional Experimentalism? Abstract: This article describes and analyzes the transfer of smart specialization (S3) from Europe, where it originated, to Gippsland, Australia. It identifies factors that are likely to enhance and, on the other hand, diminish the contribution of S3 to development in this region, and, more generally, to peripheral regions around the world. The policy mobility literature provides the analytical framework. It is used to explore how the validity of assumptions that underlie the efficacy of S3, in a destination site, and the institutional and political factors that must be accounted for through adaptation and reflexive policy learning, impact on the viability of policy transfer. This discussion demonstrates the links between geography, and entrepreneurship and innovation, and the challenges of linking the originally more or less homogenous framework to one concerned with development in heterogenous regions. An action research, constructivist approach is adopted. It yields fine-grained ethnographic data that reflects the importance, for effective evaluation of such transfer, of conceiving of a region as a relational space, where social interaction and connectivity drive and define the nature of change. The concomitant focus on process reveals that the intertemporal interchange between the means and ends of policy makers, must be carefully observed before proceeding to ex post evaluation of outcomes. Consequently, the article adds to the theoretical understanding of the complex processes involved in transferring regional policy approaches across spatial contexts. It provides valuable insights relevant to economic geographers, scholars, and practitioners concerned with regional development and innovation policy, and those exploring concepts and ideas associated with the policy mobility literature. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 228-249 Issue: 3 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2032637 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2032637 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:3:p:228-249 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warren Max Bernauer Author-X-Name-First: Warren Max Author-X-Name-Last: Bernauer Title: Refractive Economies: Diamond Mining and Social Reproduction in the North Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 299-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2061946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2061946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:3:p:299-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Riccardo Crescenzi Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo Author-X-Name-Last: Crescenzi Author-Name: Arnaud Dyèvre Author-X-Name-First: Arnaud Author-X-Name-Last: Dyèvre Author-Name: Frank Neffke Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Neffke Title: Innovation Catalysts: How Multinationals Reshape the Global Geography of Innovation Abstract: We study whether and when research and development (R&D) activities by foreign multinationals facilitate the formation and growth of new innovation clusters. Combining information on nearly four decades’ worth of patents with socioeconomic data for regions that cover virtually the entire globe, we use matched difference-in-differences estimation to show that R&D activities by foreign multinationals have a positive causal effect on local innovation rates. This effect is sizeable: over a five-year period, foreign research activities help a region climb fourteen centiles in the global innovation ranks. This effect materializes through a combination of knowledge spillovers to domestic firms and the attraction of new foreign firms to the region. However, not all multinationals generate equal benefits. In spite of their advanced technological capabilities, technology leaders generate fewer spillovers than technologically less advanced multinationals. A closer inspection reveals that technology leaders also engage in fewer technological alliances and exchange fewer workers with local firms abroad than less advanced firms. Moreover, technology leaders tend to set up their foreign R&D activities in regions with lower levels of economic development than less advanced firms, yet with comparable public-sector research capacity. These findings suggest that technologically leading multinationals face comparatively unfavorable trade-offs between the costs and benefits of local spillovers, underscoring the importance of taking the strategic choices that firms face into account when analyzing innovation clusters. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 199-227 Issue: 3 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2026766 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2026766 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:3:p:199-227 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry Wai-chung Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-chung Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Title: Explaining Geographic Shifts of Chip Making toward East Asia and Market Dynamics in Semiconductor Global Production Networks Abstract: Few recent geographic studies have focused on how market dynamics might explain macroregional shifts in industrial production. This article examines the pivoting of semiconductor manufacturing toward East Asia during the 2010s, drawing upon proprietary data sets and interviews with leading semiconductor firms. Building on the existing conceptions of user-producer collaborations in economic geography, I conceptualize the relevance of market dynamics for explaining industrial-geographic change. In particular, I specify how customer intimacy in intermediate markets and demand responsiveness in end markets, as two critical dimensions of market dynamics, create strong demand for new chip-making capacity, and how spatial and relational proximity can strengthen interfirm collaboration and customer intimacy in semiconductor production networks. Empirically, market dynamics prompting massive growth in East Asian chip-making capacity are manifested in new product transition and chip demand from global lead firms in the information and communications technology sector and their manufacturing partners mostly located in East Asia. Demand responsiveness to new lead firms and end markets within East Asia has also induced chip design and new capacity to be colocated in the region. Customer intimacy between chip design firms and their foundry providers has led to massive growth of outsourced wafer fabrication in East Asia. Complementing supply-side explanations, such as state support and technological leveraging, this article’s core findings on demand-led market dynamics in explaining geographic shifts in semiconductor manufacturing contribute not only to the studies of global production networks in high-tech industries but also to the renewed interest among geographers in market dynamics and their consequences for uneven development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 272-298 Issue: 3 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2021.2019010 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2021.2019010 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:3:p:272-298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caroline Faria Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Faria Author-Name: Dominica Whitesell Author-X-Name-First: Dominica Author-X-Name-Last: Whitesell Author-Name: Kasfah Birungi Author-X-Name-First: Kasfah Author-X-Name-Last: Birungi Author-Name: Annie Elledge Author-X-Name-First: Annie Author-X-Name-Last: Elledge Author-Name: Jovah Katushabe Author-X-Name-First: Jovah Author-X-Name-Last: Katushabe Author-Name: Catherine Kyotowadde Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Kyotowadde Title: Sequined Styles, Intersectional Moves: Economic Geography, Let’s Dress Up! Abstract: In this article, we build on the vital insights of feminist thought in economic geography, extending this body of work via a global Black feminist geographic lens. To do so, we center two moments of the Ugandan bridal industry: the international trade of imported dresses and their design and refashioning there. Via the journeys of these dresses, we make visible how connected racial-gendered and classed power relations structure, drive, and manifest global trade networks. We provide geographically contextualized accounts of the gendered-racialization of economies, while always tracing the ties between varied forms of that racialization across place and through history. And we demonstrate the agency and crucial economic worldmaking of African women who labor within and fashion economic geographies. More broadly, we use dress, and the act of dressing up, in two ways. First, via a global Black feminist lens, we show how dress can be a deeply instructive material object that tells us much about the geographies of economies. Second, we use dress as a metaphor for urgent and playful connection, helping us to refashion the subfield of economic geography as feminist, antiracist, and critically transformative. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 250-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2030215 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2030215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:3:p:250-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2049228_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Lars Mewes Author-X-Name-First: Lars Author-X-Name-Last: Mewes Author-Name: Tobias Ebert Author-X-Name-First: Tobias Author-X-Name-Last: Ebert Author-Name: Martin Obschonka Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Obschonka Author-Name: P. Jason Rentfrow Author-X-Name-First: P. Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Rentfrow Author-Name: Jeff Potter Author-X-Name-First: Jeff Author-X-Name-Last: Potter Author-Name: Samuel D. Gosling Author-X-Name-First: Samuel D. Author-X-Name-Last: Gosling Title: Psychological Openness and the Emergence of Breakthrough vs. Incremental Innovations: A Regional Perspective Abstract: Breakthrough innovations are expected to have a bigger impact on local economies than incremental innovations do. Yet past research has largely neglected the regional drivers of breakthrough innovations. Building on theories that highlight the role of personality psychology and human agency in shaping regional innovation cultures, we focus on psychological openness as a potential explanation for why some regions produce more breakthrough innovations than others do. We use a large data set of psychological personality profiles (∼1.26M individuals) to estimate the openness of people in metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the US. Our results reveal that psychological openness is strongly associated with the emergence of breakthrough innovations but not with the emergence of incremental innovations. The findings remained robust after controlling for an extensive set of predictors of regional innovation such as star inventors, star scientists, or knowledge diversity. The results held even when we used tolerance as an alternative indicator of openness. Taken together, our results provide robust evidence that openness is relevant for regional innovation performance, serving as an important predictor for breakthrough innovations but not for incremental innovations. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 379-410 Issue: 4 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2049228 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2049228 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:4:p:379-410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2035715_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Gergő Tóth Author-X-Name-First: Gergő Author-X-Name-Last: Tóth Author-Name: Zoltán Elekes Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán Author-X-Name-Last: Elekes Author-Name: Adam Whittle Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Whittle Author-Name: Changjun Lee Author-X-Name-First: Changjun Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Dieter F. Kogler Author-X-Name-First: Dieter F. Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler Title: Technology Network Structure Conditions the Economic Resilience of Regions Abstract: This article assesses the network robustness of the technological capability base of 269 European metropolitan areas against the potential elimination of some of their capabilities. By doing so, it provides systematic evidence on how network robustness conditioned the economic resilience of these regions in the context of the 2008 economic crisis. The analysis concerns calls in the relevant literature for more in-depth analysis on the link between regional economic network structures and the resilience of regions to economic shocks. By adopting a network science approach that is novel to economic geographic inquiry, the objective is to stress test the technological resilience of regions by utilizing information on the coclassification of CPC (Cooperative Patent Classification) classes listed on European Patent Office patent documents. We find that European metropolitan areas show heterogeneous levels of technology network robustness. Further findings from regression analysis indicate that metropolitan regions with a more robust technological knowledge network structure exhibit higher levels of resilience with respect to changes in employment rates. This finding is robust to various random and targeted elimination strategies concerning the most frequently combined technological capabilities. Regions with high levels of employment in industry but with a vulnerable technological capacity base are particularly challenged by this aspect of regional economic resilience. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 355-378 Issue: 4 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2035715 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2035715 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:4:p:355-378 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2030703_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Cody Hochstenbach Author-X-Name-First: Cody Author-X-Name-Last: Hochstenbach Title: Landlord Elites on the Dutch Housing Market: Private Landlordism, Class, and Social Inequality Abstract: The past decade has seen a revival of private renting across a wide range of countries and housing regimes. Economic and housing restructuring has enhanced rental housing’s appeal as an investment class. Apart from an increase in investment from firms, institutions, and trusts, this has triggered a revival of private landlordism among individuals and households. Yet, few detailed studies on the social, demographic, and economic profiles of landlords exist. To fill this gap and understand landlords’ class position, this article draws on Dutch register data with information on the entire Dutch population and housing stock. Analyses of their socioeconomic characteristics reveal the highly privileged class position of many landlords, with a substantial portion found in top income, wealth, and neighborhood positions. One-third of the top wealth percentile—the Dutch top 1 percent—consists of landlords, underscoring their vast economic power. Although landlords with larger housing portfolios are notably more affluent, small-scale landlords are also highly overrepresented in the upper economic strata. Fundamentally, this article’s findings urge us to consider landlordism specifically, and housing more broadly, in terms of class formation and delineation, with a class of landlord elites mobilizing multiple properties for the purpose of wealth accumulation and class reproduction. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 327-354 Issue: 4 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2030703 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2030703 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:4:p:327-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2030216_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Ilias Alami Author-X-Name-First: Ilias Author-X-Name-Last: Alami Author-Name: Adam D. Dixon Author-X-Name-First: Adam D. Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon Title: “Expropriation of Capitalist by State Capitalist:” Organizational Change and the Centralization of Capital as State Property Abstract: State enterprises, sovereign funds, and other state–capital hybrids have become major engines of global capitalism. How can we explain their global rise and organizational transformation into increasingly sophisticated and globally competitive forms? Why do they increasingly emulate the practices and organizational goals of comparable private-sector entities, adopt the techniques of modern finance, resort to mixed ownership, and extend their operations across geographic space? After critically engaging with arguments that emphasize the role of firm strategies, developmentalist logics, financialized norms, and Polanyian double movements, we develop an explanatory model of organizational change grounded in historic–geographic materialism and economic geographies of the firm. We locate the expansion of state ownership (the role of states as owners) in the historic development and geographic remaking of global capitalism and, in particular, the emergence of a new constellation of international divisions of labor. This created the conditions for a massive round of centralization of capital as state property (the mass of capital controlled by states) since the early 2000s. The modern, marketized, globally spread state–capital hybrid emerged as an organizational fix to mediate the geographic contradictions and imperatives associated with this process. Purposive organizational adaption consisted in developing new skills, operational capabilities, and mixed-ownership structures in order to leverage the financial system, allow for the development of liquid forms of state property, and facilitate the expansion of the latter into global circuits of capital. As such, the article contributes to debates on the role of the state in global value chains, the firm-state nexus, and state capitalism. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 303-326 Issue: 4 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2030216 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2030216 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:4:p:303-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2074831_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Terje Wessel Author-X-Name-First: Terje Author-X-Name-Last: Wessel Title: Business Services, Income Inequality, and Income Segregation in Metropolitan Areas: Direct and Indirect Links Abstract: This article investigates business services employment as a driver of income segregation. Theory and intuition suggest that two pathways operate simultaneously. First, business services are marked by huge internal differentiation, low union density, and individualized pay schemes, all of which raise income inequality, and, in turn, income segregation. Second, business services are subject to strong agglomeration economies, which increase the importance of the employer–employee relationship: corporations tend to locate in the vicinity of their staff, and the staff favor residential locations close to actual and potential workplaces. I test these ideas with annual data from metropolitan areas in Norway, covering the period from 1980 to 2018. I measure segregation at the census tract level, and control for education, nonemployment, immigration, age, and gender. A key finding is that business services, particularly financial activities, exert a strong influence on income inequality but also, and independent of the former effect, on income segregation. The latter impact is surprisingly strong, whereas the impact on inequality has a limited ripple potential, that is, it affects neighborhood sorting to a lesser degree than expected. A suggested explanation for the pattern is, first, that public policies reduce individual and spatial inequalities, and, second, that public policies fail to influence the organization and operation of business services. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 464-486 Issue: 5 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2074831 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2074831 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:5:p:464-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2100757_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Trina Hamilton Author-X-Name-First: Trina Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton Title: Batman Saves the Congo: How Celebrities Disrupt the Politics of Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 510-512 Issue: 5 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2100757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2100757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:5:p:510-512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2070471_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Yu Zhou Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Author-Name: Feixiang Sun Author-X-Name-First: Feixiang Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Title: Creating Knowledge Assets under Biocapitalism: Analyzing China’s Biomedical Industry and Its Patent Networks Abstract: Breakthroughs in biotechnology, globalizing intellectual property rights legislations, and growing venture capital in the past thirty years have given rise to new forms of capitalist accumulation that scholars called biocapitalism. Bioscientific knowledge under biocapitalism is increasingly parceled out from a global common to private enclosures for biotech and pharmaceutical companies, contributing to vast inequalities and fractures of global access to innovation evident in the COVID-19 pandemic. The assetization and financialization of knowledge have shifted the ground of innovation from competitive commodity production and exchanges to generating, managing, and commercializing patents and associated monopoly rights, thus raising the challenges of innovation for those developing countries specialized in production. Many Asian countries have invested heavily in biomedical sciences to enhance their knowledge assets but had limited success in translating the scientific development to a globally significant biomedical industry. This article discusses the evolution of China’s biomedical industry from a technological laggard to a recent innovation boom after a regulatory overhaul in 2015. Analyzing the patent collaborative networks of China’s biomedical industry since 2003, we found the central roles of domestic public research institutions, in contrast to multinational corporations, as cutting-edge knowledge providers. We argue that China’s path of the biomedical industry is distinct from its other technology industries that rely on multinational corporations for core knowledge. It represents a national articulation in response to global biocapitalism by situating the domestic research institutions and biomedical firms at the center of knowledge assets production and engaging globally in the science and drug regulatory systems. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 411-437 Issue: 5 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2070471 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2070471 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:5:p:411-437 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2080655_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Andreas Diemer Author-X-Name-First: Andreas Author-X-Name-Last: Diemer Author-Name: Simona Iammarino Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Iammarino Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose Author-X-Name-First: Andrés Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: The Regional Development Trap in Europe Abstract: The concept of regional development trap refers to regions that face significant structural challenges in retrieving past dynamism or improving prosperity for their residents. This article introduces and measures the concept of the regional development trap for regions in Europe. The concept draws inspiration from the middle-income trap in international development theory but widens it to shed light on traps in higher-income countries and at the regional scale. We propose indicators—involving the economic, productivity, and employment performance of regions relative to themselves in the immediate past, and to other regions in their respective countries and elsewhere in Europe—to identify regions either in a development trap or at significant near-term risk of falling into it. Regions facing development traps generate economic, social, and political risks at the national scale but also for Europe as a whole. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 487-509 Issue: 5 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2080655 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2080655 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:5:p:487-509 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2074830_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Roberta Capello Author-X-Name-First: Roberta Author-X-Name-Last: Capello Author-Name: Andrea Caragliu Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Caragliu Author-Name: Michiel Gerritse Author-X-Name-First: Michiel Author-X-Name-Last: Gerritse Title: Continuous vs. Discrete Urban Ranks: Explaining the Evolution in the Italian Urban Hierarchy over Five Decades Abstract: The reasons for changes in ranking within urban systems are a matter of a wide and long debate. Some focus on a continuous and smooth ordering of cities by their size within the urban system, in the tradition of Zipf’s law. Others focus on discrete, discontinuous ordering, as cities take on functions at different levels, such as specialized market places or high-level education, in the tradition of Christaller. We enter the debate by empirically evaluating whether the same determinants explain continuous or discrete changes in urban ranks in the evolution of the Italian urban hierarchy over the years 1971 to 2011. We empirically show that small, continuous changes of cities’ ranks have different drivers than large, discontinuous leaps. The presence of high-level functions in a city predicts major leaps across discrete ranks. Results are robust to the use of an instrumental variable strategy based on a shift–share argument. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 438-463 Issue: 5 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2074830 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2074830 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:5:p:438-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2105500_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi Title: The Globalization of Regional Clusters: Between Localization and Internationalization Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 513-515 Issue: 5 Volume: 98 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2105500 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2105500 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:98:y:2022:i:5:p:513-515 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2154510_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2021—2022 Reviewers (August 1, 2021 to July 31, 2022) Journal: Economic Geography Pages: iii-iv Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2154510 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2154510 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:iii-iv Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2130749_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Marco Di Cataldo Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Di Cataldo Author-Name: Licia Ferranna Author-X-Name-First: Licia Author-X-Name-Last: Ferranna Author-Name: Margherita Gerolimetto Author-X-Name-First: Margherita Author-X-Name-Last: Gerolimetto Author-Name: Stefano Magrini Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Magrini Title: Splitting Up or Dancing Together? Local Institutional Structure and the Performance of Urban Areas Abstract: This article analyzes institutional changes in local governance structures as determinants of wage premium and innovation capacity of urban areas. By combining individual and metropolitan area data for the US, we study the role of institutional fragmentation, related to the number of local governments operating in an area, and institutional coordination, stemming from the creation of authorities fostering the collaboration of local governments. Our findings suggest that more fragmented institutional landmarks do not benefit the wage competitiveness and innovativeness of urban areas. If anything, they harm them. Conversely, stronger coordination among local governments boosts the productivity of functional regions by increasing their wage premium and improving their capacity to innovate. Coordination agreements between different counties or municipalities are especially relevant in the case of urban areas modifying their functional borders over time. These findings provide key insights into the economic effects of reforming the governance structure of metropolitan areas. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 81-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2130749 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2130749 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:81-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2157583_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Volume 98 Annual Contents Journal: Economic Geography Pages: v-vii Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2157583 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2157583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:v-vii Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2134004_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Han Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Han Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Jack Taggart Author-X-Name-First: Jack Author-X-Name-Last: Taggart Title: Banking on Beijing: The Aims and Impacts of China’s Overseas Development Program Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 111-113 Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2134004 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2134004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:111-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2136070_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Ward Ooms Author-X-Name-First: Ward Author-X-Name-Last: Ooms Title: Handbook of Proximity Relations Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 114-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2136070 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2136070 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:114-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2120465_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Marta Gancarczyk Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Gancarczyk Author-Name: Marta Najda-Janoszka Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Najda-Janoszka Author-Name: Jacek Gancarczyk Author-X-Name-First: Jacek Author-X-Name-Last: Gancarczyk Author-Name: Robert Hassink Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink Title: Exploring Regional Innovation Policies and Regional Industrial Transformation from a Coevolutionary Perspective: The Case of Małopolska, Poland Abstract: This article aims to explain the role of regional innovation policies in regional industrial transformation (RIT) from a coevolutionary perspective. The empirical basis is the case study of Małopolska, a Polish region undergoing an industrial transformation in parallel with the launch and development of its innovation policies after the EU accession in 2004. To accomplish its purpose, our research extends the common coevolutionary theoretical framework with interaction mechanisms (IMs), that is, the outcome-oriented processes underlying policy-industry mutual influences, and thus explaining their coevolution. IMs allow us to better understand the reciprocal roles of policy and industry, and the major paths in industrial development and policy approach. The role of innovation policy in the Małopolska RIT can be described as predominantly accommodating and complementing industrial change with some level of proactive promotion of new industrial opportunities. Moreover, we observe reciprocal relationships with regional industry, rather than the unidirectional influence of this policy. This dynamic interaction enabled the evolution of policy to balance the exploitative and explorative approaches to industrial development. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 51-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2120465 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2120465 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:51-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2094237_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Diana Gutierrez-Posada Author-X-Name-First: Diana Author-X-Name-Last: Gutierrez-Posada Author-Name: Tasos Kitsos Author-X-Name-First: Tasos Author-X-Name-Last: Kitsos Author-Name: Max Nathan Author-X-Name-First: Max Author-X-Name-Last: Nathan Author-Name: Massimiliano Nuccio Author-X-Name-First: Massimiliano Author-X-Name-Last: Nuccio Title: Creative Clusters and Creative Multipliers: Evidence from UK Cities Abstract: Economic geographers have paid much attention to the cultural and creative industries, both for their propensity to cluster in urban settings, and their potential to drive urban economic development. However, evidence on the latter is surprisingly sparse. In this article, we explore the long-term, causal impacts of the cultural and creative industries on surrounding urban economies. Adapting Moretti’s local multipliers framework, we build a new twenty-year panel of UK cities, using historical instruments to identify causal effects of creative activity on noncreative firms and employment. We find that each creative job generates at least 1.9 nontradable jobs between 1998 and 2018. Prior to 2007, these effects seem more rooted in creative services employees’ local spending than visitors to creative amenities. Given the low numbers of creative jobs in most cities, the overall impact of the creative multiplier is small. On average, the creative sector is responsible for over 16 percent of nontradable job growth in our sample, though impacts will be larger in bigger clusters. We do not find the same effects for workplaces, and we find no causal evidence for spillovers from creative activity to other tradable sectors. In turn, this implies that creative city policies will have partial, uneven local economic impacts. Given extensive urban clusters of creative activity in many countries, our results hold value beyond the UK setting. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2094237 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2094237 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:1-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2100340_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Aarti Krishnan Author-X-Name-First: Aarti Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan Author-Name: Valentina De Marchi Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Author-X-Name-Last: De Marchi Author-Name: Stefano Ponte Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Ponte Title: Environmental Upgrading and Downgrading in Global Value Chains: A Framework for Analysis Abstract: A key concern of the global value chain (GVC) and global production network (GPN) literature relates to whether and how actors, especially in the Global South, upgrade by generating and capturing more value. To date, such research has predominantly focused on the economic and social aspects of upgrading. In this article, we leverage selected insights from economic geography to advance our understanding of the environmental dimensions of upgrading and downgrading in GVCs and GPNs. We develop an analytical framework that distinguishes the processes of environmental upgrading, in terms of value creation and appropriation, from the resultant outcomes (biophysical manifestations, impacts on market access, and reputation). Furthermore, the framework is considered from the upgrading perspectives of multiple actors instead of focusing only on lead firms and other powerful actors. We illustrate how to apply this framework through a case study of the Kenya–UK horticulture value chains. We show that despite the uptake of environmental upgrading practices, as required by UK supermarkets and transmitted by Kenyan export firms with the facilitation of government agencies, Kenyan farmers have mostly experienced environmental downgrading, with some negative effects also affecting farmers and other resource users beyond the value chain. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 25-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2100340 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2100340 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:1:p:25-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2142111_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Carlo Inverardi-Ferri Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Author-X-Name-Last: Inverardi-Ferri Title: Overtime: The Cultural Political Economy of Illicit Labor in the Electronics Industry Abstract: This article investigates the relationship between overtime and corporate codes of conduct in the global electronics industry through a cultural political economy perspective. First, drawing on examples from China, it considers how the changing political economy of global production has contributed to the emergence of illicit overtime in the electronics industry. The article examines the endemic use of excessive working hours at the first-tier supplier level and explains it as a systemic method to sustain competitive accumulation in a sector characterized by tight production cycles. Second, the article analyzes the economic imaginary that supports the use of overtime and the accompanying mechanisms that institutionalize it as a material practice. It shows that the Responsible Business Alliance Code of Conduct plays a crucial role in reproducing illicit conditions. Conclusions explore the potential of reorienting geographic understandings of illicit practices within the mainstream economy. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 140-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2142111 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2142111 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:2:p:140-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2134005_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Ron Boschma Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma Author-Name: Ernest Miguelez Author-X-Name-First: Ernest Author-X-Name-Last: Miguelez Author-Name: Rosina Moreno Author-X-Name-First: Rosina Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno Author-Name: Diego B. Ocampo-Corrales Author-X-Name-First: Diego B. Author-X-Name-Last: Ocampo-Corrales Title: The Role of Relatedness and Unrelatedness for the Geography of Technological Breakthroughs in Europe Abstract: This article proposes a framework to study how the existing knowledge portfolio of regional economies affects the emergence and occurrence of breakthrough technologies. The study discusses the relevance of cognitive distance between the technology of a breakthrough invention and the existing technological base in their geographic vicinity. Theoretically, it introduces the idea that both relatedness and unrelatedness between the technologies in breakthrough inventions and the regional portfolio of technologies can positively influence the appearance of these breakthroughs, but especially relatedness. Empirically, it investigates a sample of 277 NUTS2 regions in Europe in the period 1981 to 2010 and reveals that, by far, most combinations breakthrough inventions make are between related technologies: almost no breakthrough patent combines unrelated technologies only. Regressions show that the occurrence of breakthrough patents in a technology in a region is positively affected by the local stock of technologies that are related to such technology, but such an effect for the local stock of unrelated technologies is not found. However, the region’s ability to enter new breakthrough inventions in a technology relies on the combination of knowledge that is both related and unrelated to such technology. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 117-139 Issue: 2 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2134005 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2134005 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:2:p:117-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2141223_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Seamus Grimes Author-X-Name-First: Seamus Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes Title: Interconnected Worlds: Global Electronics and Production Networks in East Asia Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 220-222 Issue: 2 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2141223 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2141223 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:2:p:220-222 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2133696_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Robbin Jan van Duijne Author-X-Name-First: Robbin Jan Author-X-Name-Last: van Duijne Author-Name: Jan Nijman Author-X-Name-First: Jan Author-X-Name-Last: Nijman Author-Name: Chetan Choithani Author-X-Name-First: Chetan Author-X-Name-Last: Choithani Title: Injected Urbanism? Exploring India’s Urbanizing Periphery Abstract: Engaging with different literatures in economic geography, postcolonial urbanism, and planetary urbanization, this article seeks to develop a theoretical understanding of remote urban formations taking shape in India’s countryside. The analysis draws on extensive primary data collected at two study sites in Bihar and West Bengal, which rendered an uncommonly rich data set for such remote areas. We observe emergent urban formations that result from densification, expansion, and amalgamation of built-up environments and a massive shift of employment out of the agricultural sector. At the same time, alternative local economic opportunities are scarce, giving way to significant increases in circular labor migration. We introduce the concept of injected urbanism to denote a form of urbanization that is exogenously generated through remittances, in the absence of significant local agglomeration processes. The infusion of remittances drives local economic restructuring and the emergence of a consumption economy. Injected urbanism spurs local development, but its dependence on economic activity elsewhere raises important questions about its sustainability. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 161-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2133696 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2133696 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:2:p:161-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2147822_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Marc Doussard Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Doussard Title: Uneven Innovation: The Work of Smart Cities Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 223-225 Issue: 2 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2147822 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2147822 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:2:p:223-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2140038_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Megan Nethercote Author-X-Name-First: Megan Author-X-Name-Last: Nethercote Title: The Techno-politics of Rental Housing Financialization: Real Estate Service Companies and Technocratic Expertise in Australia’s Build to Rent Market Abstract: This article argues private expertise is a driving force behind the global expansion of rental housing financialization and, particularly, the making of build to rent (BTR) assets and markets. It develops this argument by investigating Australia’s underexamined BTR market and global real estate service companies (RESCs) as ubiquitous yet unscrutinized intermediaries in this new financialization frontier. Its analysis heeds calls to attend to assetization, as the process of turning things into assets, deploying science and technology studies-inspired marketization approaches, which understand markets as sociotechnical assemblages, and their prior integration with critical political economy of financialization. This approach is enhanced by engaging with the techno-politics of market-making scholarship, which sensitizes assetization approaches to the politics of expertise. This conceptual move respecifies market devices (i.e., material and discursive assemblages of market making) as knowledge contingent (i.e., that require and assert expert knowledge) and provides conceptual terrain to explore the rule of private experts in assetization. Analysis of interviews, media, and industry reporting reveals how RESCs’ epistemic, discursive, and technical efforts format the emergent market, making BTR assets thinkable, visible, calculable, and transactable. This article repositions rental housing financialization as a techno-political project led in nontrivial ways by private experts who act as financializing champions and as intermediaries connecting global finance and local sites, through advisory, valuation, brokerage, and lobbying. This contributes to understandings of the expanding global geographies of rental housing financialization and project ecologies behind urban production. Underscoring the power of private expertise to reconfigure housing markets recasts concerns surrounding market reliance as urban housing crisis salves. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 191-219 Issue: 2 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2140038 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2140038 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:2:p:191-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2187374_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Carolina Castaldi Author-X-Name-First: Carolina Author-X-Name-Last: Castaldi Author-Name: Kyriakos Drivas Author-X-Name-First: Kyriakos Author-X-Name-Last: Drivas Title: Relatedness, Cross-relatedness and Regional Innovation Specializations: An Analysis of Technology, Design, and Market Activities in Europe and the US Abstract: This article examines how regions develop new innovation specializations, covering different activities in the whole process from technological invention to commercialization. We develop a conceptual framework anchored in two building blocks: first, the conceptualization of innovation as a process spanning technology, design, and market activities; second, the application and extension of the principle of relatedness to understand developments within and between the different innovation activities. We offer an empirical investigation where we operationalize the different innovation activities using three intellectual property rights: patents, industrial designs, and trademarks. We provide two separate analyses of how relatedness and cross-relatedness matter for the emergence of new specializations: for 259 NUTS-2 European regions and for 363 metropolitan statistical areas of the US. While relatedness is significantly associated with new regional specializations for all three innovation activities, cross-relatedness between activities also plays a significant role. Our study has important policy implications for developing and monitoring smart specialization regional strategies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 253-284 Issue: 3 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2187374 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2187374 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:3:p:253-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2149487_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Maira Magnani Author-X-Name-First: Maira Author-X-Name-Last: Magnani Author-Name: Daniel Sanfelici Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Sanfelici Title: The Financial Industry Sets Sights on Institutional Investors: A Relational Approach to Property Investment Outsourcing Abstract: Over the past few decades, pension funds have emerged as major players in global financial markets as the reserves they manage have grown steadily. In this context, trustees are confronted with acute dilemmas regarding how best to generate investment returns to beneficiaries. This involves crucial decisions regarding the diversification of investment portfolios as well as decisions on whether, when, and to whom to outsource investment functions and tasks. The literature in economic geography has frequently treated outsourcing decisions as taken by the asset owners based on criteria such as costs of coordination, availability of information, governance structure, and internal expertise. Focusing on the outsourcing of property investment by Brazil’s largest pension funds and drawing on a relational approach, this article investigates the actions taken by the real estate investment trust (REIT) industry to attract and retain pension fund money into their investment vehicles. It is claimed that REIT managers have acted on three dimensions to capture pension fund money: (1) by influencing the regulatory framework affecting pension funds, (2) by building networks of trust with pension fund managers and trustees, (3) by adapting internal procedures to the expectations and needs of institutional investors. Putting the spotlight on the evolving, power-laden relationships connecting key actors in finance, we were able to demonstrate how the pooling of money by financial institutions is politically and socially constructed and how it changes the geography of money flows. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 285-311 Issue: 3 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2149487 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2149487 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:3:p:285-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2148524_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Joseph Pierce Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Pierce Title: On the Rural: Economy, Sociology, Geography Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 338-340 Issue: 3 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2148524 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2148524 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:3:p:338-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2155134_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Manuel B. Aalbers Author-X-Name-First: Manuel B. Author-X-Name-Last: Aalbers Author-Name: Zac J. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Zac J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Tobias J. Klinge Author-X-Name-First: Tobias J. Author-X-Name-Last: Klinge Author-Name: Rodrigo Fernandez Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Title: In Real Estate Investment We Trust: State De-risking and the Ownership of Listed US and German Residential Real Estate Investment Trusts Abstract: Real estate investment trusts (REITs) have been around since 1960 but have only become major players in housing markets in the last twenty years. The current and ongoing wave of residential REIT (R-REIT) expansion has attracted significant scholarly and broader public interest. This article examines how real estate, finance, and the state are configured in relation to each other through R-REITs. While much of the housing financialization literature has focused on the real estate/state axis of this relationship, we explore the underexamined connections between the real estate/finance axis and the finance/state axis of the real estate–finance–state triangle. We analyze the financial accounts of the world’s fifteen largest publicly traded R-REITs and R-REIT–like funds in the two largest markets: the United States and Germany. Our findings demonstrate how the ownership of R-REIT stock is remarkably homogeneous: the largest shareholders in each of the studied R-REITs are the three largest index exchange-traded funds, which are heavily backed by pension fund capital. For these investors, it is important that R-REITs provide a healthy return on investment at the lowest possible risk. The investors require the state, in its various guises, to guarantee attractive risk-adjusted returns on R-REITs investments. We identify six dimensions of state de-risking in this context, deepening our understanding of the role of the state in housing financialization. It is the state that creates the trust in real estate investment trusts, and it thus is what generates the investment in real estate investment trusts. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 312-335 Issue: 3 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2022.2155134 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2022.2155134 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:3:p:312-335 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2174514_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Tasos Kitsos Author-X-Name-First: Tasos Author-X-Name-Last: Kitsos Author-Name: Simone Maria Grabner Author-X-Name-First: Simone Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Grabner Author-Name: Andre Carrascal-Incera Author-X-Name-First: Andre Author-X-Name-Last: Carrascal-Incera Title: Industrial Embeddedness and Regional Economic Resistance in Europe Abstract: We study the role of local industrial embeddedness (the share of regional interindustry economic activity that is anchored to a region) on regional resistance (the difference between pre- and postcrisis employment) to the 2008 Great Recession (GR) in EU and UK NUTS-2 regions. The recession had profound effects in regional economies, which showed diverse performance based on their capacity to absorb the shock. The concept of economic resilience has been brought to the center of attention with several contributions exploring its determinants. However, the impact of the embeddedness of local economic systems in terms of sales and supplies has been largely unexplored. We use regional input–output tables to approximate the embeddedness of local economies, and we use fixed-effects and quantile regressions to test its relationship to regional resistance between 2008 and 2011. We find that during the GR, regional industries opted to change input rather than output markets. Additionally, embeddedness has a curvilinear relationship to regional resistance that varies across the distribution of regional resistance performance. Finally, at the industry level, we find regional embeddedness to be important to the resistance of manufacturing and financial and business services, and sectoral embeddedness to matter more for the resistance of construction and wholesale, retail, and information technology. Our findings highlight nuances that policy makers should be aware of in planning for resilience. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 227-252 Issue: 3 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2174514 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2174514 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:3:p:227-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2168393_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Christian Schulz Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Schulz Title: Sustainable Futures—An Agenda for Action Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 336-337 Issue: 3 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2168393 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2168393 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:3:p:336-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2200160_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Gerhard Rainer Author-X-Name-First: Gerhard Author-X-Name-Last: Rainer Author-Name: Christian Steiner Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Steiner Author-Name: Robert Pütz Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Pütz Title: Market Making and the Contested Performation of Value in the Global (Bulk) Wine Industry Abstract: Recent economic geography scholarship has emphasized (1) the performative work of market making (i.e., the geographies of marketization perspective) and (2) value-creation practices in markets (particularly the geographies of association and dissociation perspectives). In this article, we propose making stronger connections between these bodies of literature to gain a better understanding of how the performative constitution of markets and of brand and commodity value in markets are connected. More precisely, we argue that not only the b/ordering of the market and market outside (i.e., the world outside the market) but, equally, b/ordering processes within markets are essential components of performative market making and key to the contested attribution of value to commodities and brands. We flesh out this conceptual argument by empirically investigating the global wine market, which is characterized by high significance of brand building and of symbolic qualities—particularly geographic origin. In recent decades, the global wine market has been marked by a massive globalization process, strongly linked to the trading of wine in bulk form and outsourced bulk wine assembly for retailers’ private labels. Building on ethnographical research, we analyze the associative and dissociative b/ordering of the bulk wine market vis-à-vis the (premium) wine market, arguing that this performation struggle is key to the attribution of value to wine. Bearing in mind that we are witnessing an increasing aestheticization of consumer goods in the global economy, resulting in a dramatic rise in branding activities, contested b/ordering processes within markets, we argue, will grow in importance in the future. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 411-433 Issue: 4 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2200160 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2200160 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:4:p:411-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2168391_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Denise Braz Author-X-Name-First: Denise Author-X-Name-Last: Braz Author-Name: Caroline Faria Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Faria Title: For a New Geography Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 434-437 Issue: 4 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2168391 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2168391 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:4:p:434-437 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2196004_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Adrian Smith Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Hydroponic Capital: Socionatural Innovation and the Intensification of Glasshouse Agrifood Production Abstract: This article develops the concept of hydroponic capital in order to explain the emergence of socionatural innovations aiming to enhance food security and production efficiencies in glasshouse agrifood production clusters. It does so through an archaeology of the knowledge regimes involved in technology innovations and examines the regionalized and transnational networks of crop scientists, growers, and extension workers involved. How hydroponics resulted in an intensification of the circulation time for capital and a reduction in the scale and costs of labor inputs is explained. In doing so, advances in economic geographic understanding of innovation through an engagement with agrarian political economy and political ecological debates to explain how hydroponic capital developed through the combination of different innovatory knowledges seeking to grapple with plant pathologies and cropping systems across regionalized networks of actors are discussed. Hydroponics was a way for growers to overcome biophysical barriers to production and labor rationalization problems. The article combines an understanding of the dynamics of labor and capital in agrarian systems, since they struggle with crop biophysicality, with the granular processes of knowledge deployment by which innovation takes place to overcome these biophysical barriers in agrifood supply chains. Unlike much existing innovation research focusing on the combination of different knowledge bases, why different forms of innovation knowledge were combined to overcome biophysical barriers in agrifood innovation is explained. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 363-389 Issue: 4 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2196004 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2196004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:4:p:363-389 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2169670_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Robert Huggins Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins Title: The Rise of the Rest: How Entrepreneurs in Surprising Places Are Building the New American Dream Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 438-440 Issue: 4 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2169670 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2169670 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:4:p:438-440 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2188188_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Don Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Don Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell Title: Taylorism Comes to the Fields: Labor Control, Labor Supply, Labor Process, and the Twilight of Fordism in California Agribusiness Abstract: When the Bracero (guest worker) Program ended in 1964, California agribusiness seemed to be facing a labor crisis. Growers had lost access to a large pool of essentially unfree labor, and (consequently) unionization in the fields was on the rise. As a result, researchers in the various agricultural divisions of the University of California embarked on a broad effort to reengineer the farm labor process through the development of labor aids; mechanization of pruning, thinning, and harvesting tasks; redesigning fruits and vegetables; and extensive time-motion studies. This article traces these efforts and uses their history to argue that labor and economic geographers should focus attention on how struggles over the labor process are frequently struggles over the ability to shape and deploy the labor supply and not only matters of how work is organized on the shop floor (or in this case, in the fields). More broadly, the article argues that focus on the fine-grained details of innovation in the labor process is vital for a full understanding of fundamental transformations in the agribusiness landscape. As a consequence, the article explains why a set of innovations, which contemporary analysts figured would lead to agriculture adopting labor relations much more like those in more traditionally Fordist industries, actually paved the way for a set of even more highly casualized, exploitative relations than had existed heretofore. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 341-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2188188 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2188188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:4:p:341-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2196003_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Vrinda Chopra Author-X-Name-First: Vrinda Author-X-Name-Last: Chopra Title: Actually Existing Neoliberalism and Enterprise Formation in the Informal Economy: Interrogating the Role of Mediating Social Enterprises in India and South Africa Abstract: Scholarship on social entrepreneurship primarily reduces social enterprises in the Global South to geographic variations of an idealized concept of combining commercial imperatives with social missions. In the article, I see social enterprise practice in economies of the Global South, namely India and South Africa, as channels to engage in the ongoing theorization of the field. The article draws on the frame of actually existing neoliberalism, moving beyond macroperspectives and policy imperatives on social entrepreneurship to show how neoliberal rationalities are mobilized and regulated by emancipatory rationalities and agendas. The empirical focus is on social enterprises mediating enterprise formation to address employment concerns in the informal, noncapital domains of India and South Africa. I draw on data from the ethnographic fieldwork on mediating social enterprises collected during my doctoral research. The lived realities of practice of the two intermediaries considered in the article, Dhwani in India and EntShare in South Africa, show mediating social enterprises in ongoing negotiations with capital and noncapital domains. Understanding the negotiations explains the convergences and divergences in how neoliberal economic rationalities align with progressive and emancipatory agendas and values across India and South Africa. In doing so, the article provides an opportunity to enrich conceptual registers of postcolonial economic geography by tracing and articulating mediation processes between neoliberal and nonneoliberal rationalities not solely from one site but across contexts. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 390-410 Issue: 4 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2196003 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2196003 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:4:p:390-410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2231116_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Sören Scholvin Author-X-Name-First: Sören Author-X-Name-Last: Scholvin Title: Harnessing Global Value Chains for Regional Development Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 551-552 Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2231116 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2231116 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:551-552 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2199978_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Aleksandra Piletić Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra Author-X-Name-Last: Piletić Title: Regulation Theory, Space, and Uneven Development: Conversations and Challenges Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 548-550 Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2199978 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2199978 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:548-550 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2212902_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Elena Gorachinova Author-X-Name-First: Elena Author-X-Name-Last: Gorachinova Author-Name: David A. Wolfe Author-X-Name-First: David A. Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe Title: New Path Development in a Semi-peripheral Auto Region: The Case of Ontario Abstract: The automotive industry is facing disruptive trends and great uncertainty. The path forward for automotive jurisdictions is uncertain in terms of how automakers will allocate the production of new connected and autonomous vehicles (C/AVs). The introduction of C/AV technologies creates high levels of uncertainty both for individual firms and regional innovation systems (RISs). The intersection of established production competencies with emerging digital technologies raises questions about how regional pathways and RISs develop and how local and RISs adapt to changes in global innovation networks. Building on recent contributions to evolutionary economic geography (EEG), the article examines the impact of the current technology transition on Ontario’s automotive sector. Drawing on rich empirical data and recent conceptual advances in theorizing about new path development from EEG and the literature on global innovation networks, the article casts light on how the intersection between global innovation networks and regional actors is altering Ontario’s developmental path. It examines the potential for Ontario to diversify away from its historic status as a semi-peripheral automotive region with limited investment in research and development to one with a greater role in the emerging paradigm of connected and autonomous vehicles. The article explores the potential for path diversification based on interpath dynamics between the region's auto and information and computer technology sectors as well as the importance of both system-level and firm-level agency for altering the region's developmental trajectory. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 526-547 Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2212902 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2212902 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:526-547 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2242551_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Dieter F. Kogler Author-X-Name-First: Dieter F. Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler Author-Name: Adam Whittle Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Whittle Author-Name: Keungoui Kim Author-X-Name-First: Keungoui Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Balázs Lengyel Author-X-Name-First: Balázs Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel Title: Understanding Regional Branching: Knowledge Diversification via Inventor and Firm Collaboration Networks Abstract: The diversification of regions into new technologies is driven by the degree of relatedness to existing capabilities already present in the region. In cases where opportunities for diversification are rather limited, external knowledge that spills over from neighboring regions or from farther away might become an important driver of regional diversification. Despite the relative importance of interregional knowledge flows via collaborative work, we still have a very limited understanding of how collaboration networks across regions might facilitate diversification processes. The present study investigates the diversification patterns of European metropolitan and nonmetropolitan regions into new knowledge domains via technology classes reported in patent applications to the European Patent Office. The findings indicate that externally oriented inventor collaboration networks increase the likelihood that a new technology specialization enters a region, but this external orientation is less important for related diversification than for unrelated diversification. Further, the results demonstrate that interregional collaboration networks help diversification into unrelated technologies if external knowledge sourcing is based on a diverse set of regions and if collaboration is intense within companies located in distinct regions. Within-firm collaborations across regions can compensate for missing related skills in metropolitan and in nonmetropolitan regions alike but are especially important in nonmetropolitan regions. These results provide new evidence about the importance of knowledge flows within multilocation firms in the technological knowledge diversification of regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 471-498 Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2242551 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2242551 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:471-498 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2205584_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Julien Migozzi Author-X-Name-First: Julien Author-X-Name-Last: Migozzi Author-Name: Michael Urban Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Urban Author-Name: Dariusz Wójcik Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz Author-X-Name-Last: Wójcik Title: Urban Geographies of Financial Convergence: Situating Indian Financial Centers across Global Production and Financial Networks Abstract: Recent advancements in the global production networks (GPNs) literature seek to better emphasize the role of finance by identifying where and how global financial networks (GFNs) intersect with GPNs. Financial centers (FCs) operate as key sites for articulating financial convergence, understood as the merging of financial and nonfinancial sectors enacted by cross-sectoral investments. Yet, how such entanglement both feeds on and impacts intercity networks, affecting metropolitan hierarchies, remains largely overlooked. Using a novel data set of 12,147 intersectoral, cross-border and domestic merger and acquisition deals involving finance and insurance firms throughout the period of 2000–20, this article unpacks the sectoral dynamics that underpin the intersection of GFNs with GPNs at the city level in India, the fifth largest economy in the world. Our longitudinal and multiscalar analysis demonstrates how uneven patterns of financial convergence, structured around the rising entanglement between finance and information technology (IT), have reshaped intercity networks and affected the landscape of FCs in India. If Mumbai remains India’s financial capital, Bangalore and New Delhi gained power in domestic and international flows, well ahead of other Indian cities. The article emphasizes how the IT firms, as recipients of transnational investments, and central governments, through direct interventions and state-hybrid investors, operate as key drivers in articulating GFNs with GPNs through intercity networks, changing urban geographies of finance, raising methodological and conceptual questions for future research on financial geography. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 499-525 Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2205584 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2205584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:499-525 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2235050_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Harald Bathelt Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: Related Variety and Regional Development: A Critique Abstract: Evolutionary approaches in economic geography have contributed substantially to the growing body of knowledge of regional development processes and their underlying mechanisms. One key concept in the literature on evolutionary economic geography is that of related variety. Herein, regional industry structure is represented through the level of related variety of technologies, skills, or outputs. The related variety concept proposes that regional economic development is favored when an economy diversifies into products or technologies that are closely related to the stock of existing activities. In this article, we raise substantive questions regarding the internal logic of the concept of related variety, its spatial expressions, measurement specifics, empirical regularities and biases, and its possible short- and long-term effects on regional development. Based on this investigation, we make suggestions for improvements to future research. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 441-470 Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2235050 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2235050 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:441-470 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2222592_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Economic Geography Pages: I-II Issue: 5 Volume: 99 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2222592 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2222592 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:99:y:2023:i:5:p:I-II Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2262071_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Simon Curtis Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis Title: Emerging Global Cities: Origin, Structure, and Significance Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 102-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2262071 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2262071 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:1:p:102-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2252552_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Thore Sören Bischoff Author-X-Name-First: Thore Sören Author-X-Name-Last: Bischoff Author-Name: Petrik Runst Author-X-Name-First: Petrik Author-X-Name-Last: Runst Author-Name: Kilian Bizer Author-X-Name-First: Kilian Author-X-Name-Last: Bizer Title: Spatial Heterogeneity in the Effect of Regional Trust on Innovation Abstract: Generalized trust positively affects innovation at the regional level by reducing transaction costs and supporting collaboration. We develop theoretical reasons for why the trust–innovation relationship is heterogeneous across geographic space and identify two main mechanisms that drive this result: first, only regions in the lower half of the trust distribution benefit from an increase in trust; and second, as smaller firms lack internal capabilities such as research and development and therefore resort to informal collaboration, the trust–innovation relationship is stronger in regions with a large share of small firms. We argue that regional innovation work differently across regions and different mechanisms of cooperation can be leveraged to achieve innovation success. Our results highlight the role of trust during a certain stage in the process of regional economic development, since both low trust and a larger share of small business constitute characteristics of less developed regions. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 80-101 Issue: 1 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2252552 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2252552 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:1:p:80-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2245097_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Thomas Wainwright Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Wainwright Author-Name: Graham Manville Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Manville Title: Evolving Market Infrastructures: The Case of Assetization in UK Social Housing Abstract: Researchers in economic geography have recently turned to examine the rental sector, particularly how institutional investors have begun to reshape the provision of housing. Following the politics of financialization, the built environment and social relations surrounding residential accommodation have been reconfigured to maximize opportunities for capital accumulation. While scholars have further developed their interest in rental markets, by directing their attention to the financialization of social housing, this burgeoning area remains comparatively understudied, particularly concerning the metrics that are crucial in facilitating assetization. In our article, we seek to provide new insight into the financialization of UK housing associations, to advance understanding of how metrics extend the reach of the financialization into the sector, but how these metrics have also been used to both tactically marginalize and reveal social value for different types of financial actors. First, drawing upon research that has studied the creation of assemblages that are critical to assetization, we seek to explore how different financial stakeholders develop new, competing metrics and frameworks that best meet their own needs. Second, we uncover how new metrics are central in reasserting the role of nonfinancial politics in financialization, through the reprioritization of social value in housing association bonds. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 57-79 Issue: 1 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2245097 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2245097 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:1:p:57-79 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2262668_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Petr Pavlínek Author-X-Name-First: Petr Author-X-Name-Last: Pavlínek Title: Agile Against Lean: An Inquiry into the Production System of Hyundai Motor Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 104-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2262668 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2262668 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:1:p:104-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2244111_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Tom Kemeny Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Kemeny Author-Name: Michael Storper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Storper Title: The Changing Shape of Spatial Income Disparities in the United States Abstract: Spatial income disparities have increased in the US since 1980, a pattern linked to major social, economic, and political challenges. Yet, today’s spatial inequality, and how it relates to the past, remains insufficiently well understood. The primary contribution of this article is to demonstrate a deep polarization in the American spatial system—yet one whose character differs from that commonly reported on in the literature. The increase in spatial inequality since 1980 is almost entirely driven by a small number of populous, economically important, and resiliently high-income superstar city-regions. But we also show that the rest of the system exhibits a long-run pattern of income convergence over the study period. A secondary contribution is historical: today’s superstars have sat durably atop the urban hierarchy since at least 1940. Third, we describe six distinctive pathways of development that regions follow between 1940 and 2019, with certain locations catching up, falling behind, and surging ahead. We explore the role played by initial endowments in driving locations down these pathways, finding population, education, industrial structure, and immigrant attraction to be key distinguishing features. These insights are enabled by a fourth contribution: methodologically, we use group-based trajectory modeling—an approach new to the field that integrates top-down and bottom-up views of the evolving national spatial system. We conclude by exploring implications for the mid-twenty-first century. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 1-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2244111 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2244111 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:1:p:1-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2263127_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Andrew Warren Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Warren Author-Name: Chris Gibson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson Title: The Place-based Work of Global Circulation: Maritime Workers, Collaboration, and Labor Agency at the Seaport Abstract: How does place influence the work of global circulation, and how might that work enroll hitherto overlooked modes of collaboration, power, and agency? Geographers recentering labor in analyses of global production and circulation emphasize the labor–capital relation and employer control versus employee resistance. This can limit empirical and political prospects. Instead, we foreground two additional relationships: collaborative relationships of trust between workers across roles and organizations who coordinate circulation together; and relations between workers and place that unfold as tasks are completed amid challenging oceanic and climatic forces. Such relationships are forged by the need to collaborate and provide the foundation for transverse exercises of labor agency. To illustrate, we take to the water with maritime workers (marine pilots, tugboat operators, and liners), observing how shipping circulation is maintained. Seaports are idiosyncratic places—gateways and chokepoints for global circulation experiencing oceanic and atmospheric extremes. Coordination problems are pervasive. Disruption risks require maritime workers to collaborate in place to ensure circulation occurs through place. Demonstrating how the ocean's lateral forces mediate circulation, we emphasize three features of an on-water, place-based labor process: (1) choreographed coordination, (2) situational awareness, and (3) combined multidimensional skills. Navigating a labor process conditioned by the sea, port workers collaborate to manage risks and maintain circulation. In so doing, they also preside over risk and circulation. We argue for collaborative relationships and transverse expressions of agency to feature more prominently in analyses of the diverse, place-based, and interconnected labor upon which capitalist circulation depends. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 31-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2263127 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2263127 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:1:p:31-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2290479_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Suzanne Mills Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Mills Author-Name: Natalie Oswin Author-X-Name-First: Natalie Author-X-Name-Last: Oswin Title: Finding Work in the Age of LGBTQ + Equalities: Labor Market Experiences of Queer and Trans Workers in Deindustrializing Cities Abstract: Despite legal protections and growing acceptance in many industrialized countries, LGBTQ + workers continue to face considerable employment disadvantage. We explain this contradiction by detailing labor market processes that limit employment prospects for LGBTQ + workers in Sudbury and Windsor (both small cities with industrial histories). Drawing on 50 semistructured interviews and 662 community survey responses from LGBTQ + workers, we show how LGBTQ + employment opportunities are constrained by a constellation of multiscalar factors. These include the absence of good work opportunities outside of blue-collar work in deindustrializing labor markets, associated persistent cisnormativity and heteronormativity, and inconsistent protection from discrimination and social acceptance at work. As a result, respondents self-selected out of blue-collar workplaces, avoided and left jobs when they experienced or anticipated discrimination, and chose to remain in jobs with supportive employers rather than find a new job in a potentially homophobic or transphobic labor market. This article extends current understandings of labor markets economic geography by connecting production histories to persistent cisnormativity and heteronormitivity, and by showing how the search for emotional safety in cities with inconsistent social acceptance perpetuates economic disadvantage for queer and trans workers. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 170-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2290479 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2290479 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:2:p:170-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2305976_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Ariane Agunsoye Author-X-Name-First: Ariane Author-X-Name-Last: Agunsoye Author-Name: Hayley James Author-X-Name-First: Hayley Author-X-Name-Last: James Title: Irrational or Rational? Time to Rethink Our Understanding of Financially Responsible Behavior Abstract: Models of finance rationality expect individuals to actively prepare for retirement by consistently investing and building a diversified asset portfolio, with any behavior deviating from these expectations being identified as irresponsible. This framework of (ir)rationality and (ir)responsibility ignores the role of constraints in shaping financial behavior. Extending economic geographic insights on everyday financial practices as complex processes of meaning-making, we reveal how varied approaches to retirement savings are shaped by the experience of constraints inherent in a capitalist welfare state. Using the accounts of forty-two interviewed women and people with a minority ethnic background in the UK, we show how the interplay between everyday rationalities and structural constraints construct variegated financial subjectivities and practices that reflect the context that individuals face. Our findings contribute to the theorization of variegated financial subjects and disrupt the application of corrective policy measures, such as financial education, which put more pressure on individuals rather than tackling the inequalities inherent in the capitalist welfare state broadly and in the pension system specifically. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 191-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2024.2305976 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2024.2305976 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:2:p:191-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2276474_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Huiwen Gong Author-X-Name-First: Huiwen Author-X-Name-Last: Gong Author-Name: Zhen Yu Author-X-Name-First: Zhen Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Christian Binz Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Binz Author-Name: Bernhard Truffer Author-X-Name-First: Bernhard Author-X-Name-Last: Truffer Title: Beating the Casino: Conceptualizing an Anchoring-based Third Route to Regional Development Abstract: The development of new industries in peripheral regions has gained renewed attention recently. Yet, the processes through which peripheral regions can mobilize external resources and capabilities, and turn them into locally sticky resources for structural change and longer-term economic prosperity, have not been sufficiently conceptualized. This article proposes anchoring-based regional system building as a third route, which stands between conventional globalist and regionalist approaches. Based on a case study of the emergence of a globally leading electric vehicle battery industry in Ningde, China, the article explores in depth the system resource-mobilization processes and dynamic capabilities by anchor tenants and regional stakeholders that allow peripheral regions to make long jumps in the product space. We show that if the anchoring process is smartly managed, developing emerging industries in peripheral contexts is not necessarily a casino strategy but can be a strategic approach for quickly and deeply transforming the industrial fabric of regional economies. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 107-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2276474 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2276474 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:2:p:107-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RECG_A_2281175_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Petr Pavlínek Author-X-Name-First: Petr Author-X-Name-Last: Pavlínek Title: Geopolitical Decoupling in Global Production Networks Abstract: This article introduces the concept of geopolitical decoupling in global production networks (GPNs). Geopolitical decoupling is imposed on coupling participants by geopolitical forces that pressure transnational corporations to exit host regions/economies by cutting investment, production, and trade links with host country firms and industries. It also aims to disrupt inside-out trade, investment, and production links of host country firms abroad. The article identifies the basic features of geopolitical decoupling, the central role of states in geopolitical decoupling, the strategic responses of firms to deal with decoupling pressures, and the state strategies to cope with the negative effects of geopolitical decoupling in affected regions/economies. Empirically, the article investigates geopolitical decoupling on the example of the Iranian automotive industry, which experienced three geopolitical decouplings from automotive industry GPNs since 1979. It demonstrates the short- and long-term effects of geopolitical decoupling and recoupling on the Iranian automotive industry in the context of the strategic responses by the state and the political struggles over the nature of the state industrial development policy in Iran. Journal: Economic Geography Pages: 138-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 100 Year: 2024 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/00130095.2023.2281175 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00130095.2023.2281175 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:100:y:2024:i:2:p:138-169