Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Zaïre, South Africa: moving forward?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 165-170
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704250
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704250
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:165-170
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Gibbs
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbs
Title: International commercial rivalries & the zai'rian copper nationalisation of 1967
Abstract:
Research on the international relations of the African continent has
generally eschewed the phenomenon of rivalry among the advanced capitalist
powers for commercial and political influence south of the Sahara. Most
studies of Africa's international relations, especially from a critical
perspective, have tended to emphasize the unityof the
northern, capitalist powers in opposing challenges from third world
countries. During the 1970s, research emphasized the efforts of
multinational corporations and their home governments to prevent or
undermine efforts at economic nationalism in third world countries. While
such studies did recognize the potential for somewhat varied responses to
rationalistic ‘threats’, there was a widespread assumption
that the rich nations would exhibit a significant degree of unity in
preserving international property rights and the free flow of capital.
More recently, critical studies have emphasized the salience of the
international financial community and the International Monetary Fund in
reestablishing political and economic hegemony over peripheral areas,
including Africa (Mohan & Zack‐Williams, 1995). Such approaches
tend to overlook the phenomenon of conflict and competition among these
powers. This article will examine the historical basis of international
rivalries in Zaïre, focusing on the rise of General Mobutu's regime,
primarily during the late 1960s. During this period, the United States was
seeking to expand its commercial and political influence in Zaïre,
generally at the expense of established European interests. The principal
protagonist of the US was the former colonial power, Belgium. In essence,
it will be argued, inter‐capitalist rivalries in Zaïre were an
inevitable outgrowth of decolonization. The European powers had always
used colonialism as a method to maintain exclusive or
quasi‐exclusive trading and investment opportunities for home
country interests and to exclude potential interlopers ‐ such as
the United States. During the 1960s, the US viewed the circumstances of
decolonization as an opportunity for political and commercial expansion,
sometimes at the expense of European interests. European‐US
conflicts, some of which continue to the present day, were the result.
Historical conflicts such as these are highly relevant to understanding
present‐day international relations in Central Africa when once
again, rivalries among the western powers ‐ this time between the
US and France ‐ are apparent.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 171-184
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:171-184
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gina Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Gina
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Author-Name: Kevin Phillips‐Howard
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips‐Howard
Title: Agricultural issues in the former homelands of South Africa: the Transkei
Abstract:
This article examines the prospects for agricultural development and
rural transformation in Transkei, one of the largest of the former
homelands of South Africa. In view of Transkei's size, its substantial
population and largely rural character, an understanding of its current
problems and potential are extremely important in any assessment of
agricultural prospects in the former homelands. The discussion draws on
published research and on the authors’ own fieldwork after the
April 1994 elections. Some of the most intractable problems facing the
Government of National Unity currently lie in the former homelands, which
were starved of investment under apartheid. The article reviews patterns
of peasant production and commercial agriculture (including contract
farming) in Transkei and attempts to set current issues concerning land,
labour (including the role of women and children), inputs and
infrastructural provision within a national and international context. The
article begins by briefly setting the national context, before moving on
to examine the specific conditions of agricultural activity in Transkei.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 185-202
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704252
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:185-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregor Gall
Author-X-Name-First: Gregor
Author-X-Name-Last: Gall
Title: Trade unions & the ANC in the ‘New’ South Africa
Abstract:
The article considers the relationship between the trade union movement
and the African National Congress in the post‐apartheid period.
Following their close historical relationship in the struggle to defeat
apartheid, the trade union movement could reasonably have expected a large
and influential role in the new government with reforms to increase
members’ rights at work and terms and conditions of employment. The
article explores the roots of the tensions between the two over these
issues.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-218
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704253
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704253
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:203-218
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Liberal democracy vs. popular democracy in Southern Africa
Abstract:
This article accompanies an essay reviewing recent literature on
‘transitions to democracy’, which we publish in our next
issue. There Saul contrasts two approaches to the understanding of
democratisation. Both see transition as part of a larger political and
economic process; for one this limits the possible scope and
sustainability of democratisation, while for the other it threatens but
also enhances its scope and strength. The latter approach, older and
currently less fashionable, sees democratisation (and its analysis) as
rooted in processes of imperialism, class struggle and
state‐society relations. This ‘political economy of
democratisation’ approach, characteristic of the work of Shivji and
Saul, contrasts with a larger, more pessimistic body of work, which Saul
labels the ‘political science of democratisation’. While
sometimes used in suggestive ways, it can narrow debate disastrously when
detached from any self‐conscious mooring in the critical traditions
of political economy. This literature stresses the necessity of democratic
institutions and values, but argues that only highly attenuated versions
are currently feasible: ‘if reform is to be adopted without
provoking a crisis’, then it must be reform consistent with the
demands of capital and the neo‐liberalism of the IFIs. This
companion article analyses two highly significant cases of transition in
southern Africa; each seems to epitomise the ‘political
science’ approach, yet to contain the longer term possibility of
‘popular democracy’. Thus in South Africa the left accepted
the necessity of a carefully negotiated transition to obviate the risk of
civil war. However, the ANC, to retain the ‘confidence’ of
local and external capital and of foreign governments, has had to
demobilise its (non‐electoral) popular support, and to abandon a
social redistributive strategy in favour of a one dominated by
neo‐liberal ‘market solutions’. What keeps a
progressive agenda alive in these conditions are the pressures from trade
unions, civics, women's organisations etc, where there are growing signs,
at least at grassroots level, of resistance to the ANC's new project. In
Mozambique, the transition has been less euphoric, more perhaps a matter
of transition from authoritarian rule and from war than to a democratic
regime. As in South Africa, the transition would seem to disempower
popular forces ‐ but outside the electoral arena, there are
instances of resistance and struggle within civil society, which may carry
with them the longer‐term potential for the growth of popular
democracy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 219-236
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704254
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:219-236
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Adams
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams
Title: What's left?: The South African communist party after apartheid
Abstract:
The Communist Party of South Africa survived the collapse of communist
states by virtue of its remarkable record of opposition to apartheid and
its alliance with the ANC and COSATU. While this has allowed it to expand
dramatically in membership and power since its legalisation in 1990, that
power has accrued at the cost of influence. The Party leadership has found
itself supporting conservative economic strategies and anti‐union
actions, turning it into a pressure ‘five degrees to the
left’ of the ANC. Membership and grassroots responses to this have
been critical, and help to sustain optimism for a left project in South
Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 237-248
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704255
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704255
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:237-248
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zeric Kay Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Zeric Kay
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: ‘From demons to democrats’: mali's student movement 1991--1996
Abstract:
Student's have been hard hit by IMF‐WB policies in Mali. They have
also been portrayed as a violent group and a negative influence on Malian
democracy. This article looks at the evolution of recent student protest
and the internal politics of the Association des Eleves et Etudiants du
Mali, The Association of Students and Pupils of Mali (AEEM), in order to
provide a clearer picture of the students and their grievances and to
demonstrate that the AEEM has pursued a tactical transformation. The
author concludes that a strong AEEM is a potentially healthy part of
Mali's civil society and a vital component of Malian democracy. This is
because the student movement articulates the interest of its constituents
effectively. If their political strength happens to contradict the
adjustment policies of multi‐lateral lenders, this is no reason to
conclude that they are ipso facto an anti‐democratic force.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 249-263
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704256
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704256
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:249-263
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John A. Wiseman
Author-X-Name-First: John A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiseman
Title: Letting Yahya Jammeh off lightly?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 265-269
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704257
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:265-269
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Barratt Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Michael Barratt
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: In & against the market
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 269-276
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704258
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704258
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:269-276
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carole J.L. Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Carole J.L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Title: The congo is back!
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 277-286
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704259
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704259
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:277-286
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Riley
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Riley
Title: Sierra leone: the militariat strikes again
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 287-292
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704260
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704260
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:287-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Motlasti Thabane
Author-X-Name-First: Motlasti
Author-X-Name-Last: Thabane
Author-Name: Adam Leach
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Leach
Title: Book reviews
Abstract:
Land Law in Lesotho: The Politics of the 1979 Land
Act (1995), by Anita Shanta Franklin. Avebury: Aldershot,
1995. (I) ‐ v111+206pp. Reviewed by Motlatsi Thabane, National
University of Lesotho. Citizen and Subject: Contemporary
Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism (1996) by
Mahmood Mamdani. James Currey, ISBN 0--85255--399--4. Reviewed by Adam
Leach.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 293-297
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704261
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704261
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:293-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract:
The Agrarian Question in South Africa
, edited by Henry Bernstein. Frank Cass, London 1996 ISBN
0-7146-4737-3. Dream of Power: the Role of the
Organisation of African Unity in the Politics of Africa,
1963--1993, Klaas van Walraven, Ridderprint, Netherlands,
1996. The African Development Bank , E
Philip English & Harris M Mule. Intermediate Technology Publications, Lynn
Reinner 1996. ISBN 1-85339-296-0. Now We Are Free:
Coloured Communities in a Democratic South Africa, edited
by Wilmot James, Daria Caliguire and Kerry Cullinan, Lynn Reinner 1996.
ISBN 1-55587-693-5. Making a Market: The Institutional
Transformation of an African Society, Jean Ensminger,
Cambridge University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-521-57426-9 The
Evolution of Ethiopian Absolutism: the Genesis and the Making of the
Fiscal Military State, 1696--1913 , Tsegaye Tegenu,
Uppsala 1996, ISBN 91-554-3856-3. Gender, Lineage and
Ethnicity in Southern Africa , Jean Davison. Westview
Press, Boulder 1997. ISBN 0-8133-2760-1. The Anthropology
of Anger: Civil Society and Democracy in Africa, Celestin
Monga. Lynn Reinner, Boulder & London 1996. ISBN 1-55587-644-7.
Dissonant Heritage: The Management of the Past as a Resource in
Conflict, J E Tunbridge and G J Ashworth, John Wiley &
Sons, Chichester 1996. ISBN 0-471-94887-X.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 297-301
Issue: 72
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704262
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704262
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:72:p:297-301
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Commentary
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 307-310
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704264
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704264
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:307-310
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Developing differences: post‐structuralism & political economy in contemporary development studies
Abstract:
Difference can mean many things ‐ inequality, the non‐same
or change. This article explores all these interpretations in the context
of recent debates around development theory and praxis. In particular I
focus on the ways in which post‐structuralist ideas have challenged
those of various marxisms and how political activism may change as a
result. I have taken ten books published in the last two years and drawn
out themes which run through them. In many, the concept of development as
discourse is opened up and various discourses are, to use the contemporary
parlance, deconstructed to reveal the power relations underlying them. In
doing this we see development as Eurocentric, patriarchal and
disciplining. This also brings our analytical focus onto human agency and
the construction and deployment of identities which has the potential to
move us well away from materialist accounts of political action. The
post‐colonial literature is examined briefly as it focuses on such
complex issues of identity. After destabilising this
knowledge‐action axis I look at how the various authors conceive of
future change. For some the answer lies in civil society where these
identities and resistances form the basis for
‘post‐developmental’ change. Others see a need to
engage with the existing institutions, especially the state and the
international lenders, and work both within and against them. I conclude
with some problematics for future research and practice which centre on
the need to re‐engage with political‐economy,
re‐conceptualise class as an analytical and political category and
place clear pressures upon the major institutions of
neo‐imperialism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 311-328
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704265
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:311-328
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Who needs civil society?
Abstract:
‘Civil society’ has become a popular concept in both the
analysis of the social bases of recent political change in Africa, and in
external policy support for processes of liberal democratic political
reform. In the latter case, civil society, as represented by a set of
(largely urban) formal organisations and especially by NGOs with external
links, is portrayed as the driving force behind and guarantee of
democratisation and the containment of the state. Conceptually, however,
‘civil society’ proves to be diffuse, hard to define,
empirically imprecise, and ideologically laden. Analytically it is
vacuous, and concepts such as class or gender contribute far more to
understanding recent political change than can ‘civil
society’. Its popularity and continued employment rest on its
ideological underpinning, notably on claims that civil society is
necessarily distinct from the state, in opposition to the state, and the
source of (liberal) democratic values and pressures. It is thus the
proponents of liberal democratic reform, notably those external to African
polities, that ‘need’ civil society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 329-337
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704266
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704266
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:329-337
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: ‘For fear of being condemned as old fashioned’: liberal democracy vs. popular democracy in sub‐saharan Africa
Abstract:
This article is a theoretical companion to an essay on the
‘transition to democracy’, which we published in our
previous issue, ROAPE72. Here John Saul contrasts two
approaches to the understanding of democracy and democratisation, both of
which see democratic transition as part of a larger political and economic
process, which for one limits the possible scope and sustainability of
democratisation, and for the other both threatens but also enhances its
scope and strength. The latter approach, older and currently less
fashionable, sees democracy and democratisation (and our analysis of them)
as rooted in processes of imperialism, class struggle and
state‐society relations. This ‘political economy’ of
democratisation’ approach, characteristic of the work of Issa
Shivji and of John Saul, is contrasted with a larger and more pessimistic
body of work, which Saul labels as the ‘political science of
democratisation’. Thus Diamond, Huntington, Przeworski, Di Palma
and others, while stressing the necessity of democratic institutions and
values, at the same time argue that only a highly attenuated version of
these is feasible under current (African) conditions, and that ‘if
reform is to be adopted without provoking a crisis’ (Diamond), then
it must be reform consistent with the demands of capital and the
neo‐liberalism of the IFIs: ‘thin’ democracy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 339-353
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:339-353
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quentin Outram
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin
Author-X-Name-Last: Outram
Title: ‘It's terminal either way’: an analysis of armed conflict in liberia, 1989--1996
Abstract:
The wars which have wracked Liberia since the end of 1989 have reduced a
country which was once regarded as one of the more fortunate in Africa to
a state of long‐term aid dependency. Perhaps 150,000 or more have
been killed and at many points over the last seven years a third of the
country's pre‐war population has been living as refugees in
neighbouring states and another third has been internally displaced by the
conflict. The continuing warfare has made it difficult to address the
large‐scale humanitarian problems inevitable in such circumstances:
rates of undernutrition have sometimes reached very high levels and on at
least one occasion have reached heights which rival the worst recorded in
any part of the world (Outram, 1997). This article seeks to advance our
understanding of the causes of this suffering. It does so not primarily by
examining the experiences of the victims, important though this is, but by
investigating the political economy of the Liberian wars including the
circumstances and the actions of the warring factions. In this I follow
Keen's call to understand the actions of oppressor groups involved in
humanitarian emergencies, as well as those of their victims (1994:232).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 355-371
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704268
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704268
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:355-371
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A.B. Zack‐Williams
Author-X-Name-First: A.B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack‐Williams
Title: Kamajors, ‘sober’ & the militariat: civil society & the return of the military in sierra leonean politics
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 373-380
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704269
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704269
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:373-380
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Baylies
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Baylies
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: Social science research on AIDS in Africa: Questions of content, methodology and ethics (Recherches dans les Sciences Humaines sur le SIDA en Afrique: Problèmes de contenu, de méthodologie et de déontologie)
Abstract:
An international symposium on the ‘Social Sciences and AIDS in
Africa’, held in Sali Portudal, Senegal, in November 1996, served
as an important forum for bringing together English and French speaking
researchers and AIDS activists. Jointly organised by Codesria (Council for
the Development of Social Science Research in Africa), CNLS (the National
Committee for the Prevention of AIDS in Senegal) and Ostrom (The French
Institute of Scientific Research for Development and Cooperation), it
covered a wide range of topics, with reference to a broad spectrum of
individual country experience.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 380-388
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704270
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704270
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:380-388
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Author-Name: Ruaridh Nicoll
Author-X-Name-First: Ruaridh
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicoll
Title: AIDS drugs cut to ‘Guinea Pigs’
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 388-389
Issue: 73
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704271
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:73:p:388-389
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Africa's environmental crisis: challenging the orthodoxies
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 503-513
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704278
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:503-513
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Author-Name: Reginald Cline‐Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline‐Cole
Title: Promoting (anti‐)social forestry in northern Nigeria?
Abstract:
Across Nigeria, there exists a need for a comprehensive inventory of
natural resources, including forestry resources, and for the
identification and promotion of ecologically sound development practice.
This is of particular relevance in the drylands of the extreme north which
depend overwhelmingly on biomass energy, and where the dominant form of
land use change is the expansion of agriculture into woodland, shrubland
and grassland. Here, vast expanses of land are reportedly affected by
processes of degradation culminating in ‘desertification’.
In order to facilitate both the formulation of an energy policy and the
design of a long‐term strategy which accorded proper priority to
environmental protection and conservation within this
agro‐ecological region, Silviconsult Ltd., an international
consultancy firm, was contracted to conduct a detailed study of its
fuelwood demand and supply situation. This article assesses those aspects
of Silviconsult's policy, programme and project recommendations which are
based on the widespread current preference within natural resources
management (NRM) circles for increasing interaction between the State,
private sector and local communities. In particular, it focuses on
recommended initiatives which are premised on the existence or creation of
an enabling legal/tenure/ institutional framework founded on notions of,
decentralised, or participatory, forestry resource management. The main
aim is to emphasise that in their failure to problematise notions such as
‘community, and participation’, these recommendations
contribute (possibly inadvertently) to safeguarding the hegemony of
dominant forestry discourses and practices, even while they employ a
language evocative of reformist intent and suffused with more than a hint
of subversiveness.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 515-536
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704279
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704279
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:515-536
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Woodhouse
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodhouse
Title: Governance & local environmental management in Africa
Abstract:
Current policy prescriptions for environmental management in Africa
emphasise devolution of resource management to local non‐government
and community organisations. They challenge the long‐standing
orthodoxy of environmental conservation based on land privatisation, and
instead favour local institutions managing resources as common property.
This challenge has been reinforced by arguements from a reappraisal of
dryland ecology in Africa, and by empirical and economic theoretical
research on common property management. Implicit within much of current
policy is the assumption that devolution of natural resource management
will be socially redistributive as well as environmentally benign.
Evidence from Maasai group ranches in southern Kenya suggests this
assumption may be misplaced, and that, to address equality goals, policy
must take more explicit account of the social dynamics underlying local
power relations, and the way these are conditioned by the non‐local
political environment.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 537-547
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704280
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:537-547
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Potts
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Potts
Author-Name: Chris Mutambirwa
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutambirwa
Title: The government must not dictate’: rural‐urban migrants’ perceptions of Zimbabwe's land resettlement programme
Abstract:
Since its inception in 1980 Zimbabwe's land resettlement programme has
been marked by very varied performance and keen debate. There have been
high hopes, deep disappointment, false starts (and stops), policy swings
and controversy. In the 1990s analyses of the programme by both supporters
and critics of land reform have generally been negative. Yet there is
evidence that resettled people themselves have made real welfare and
income gains. Strong support for the programme was also expressed by a
large sample of rural‐urban migrants in Harare in 1994. Their
views, reported in this article, showed an appreciation of most aspects of
the academic and policy debates, but clearly also tended towards the
perception that redistribution of land in Zimbabwe is a moral issue.
Government insistence on commercially‐oriented production on
resettlement schemes was perceived as unwarranted interference.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 549-566
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704281
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:549-566
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil O'Keefe
Author-X-Name-First: Phil
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Keefe
Author-Name: John Kirkby
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkby
Title: Relief & rehabilitation in complex emergencies
Abstract:
Since the late 1980s international aid for development has fallen while
humanitarian assistance for emergencies has increased. This change of
emphasis reflects the collapse of the USSR and consequent political
instability in the former Soviet Union, its former satellites and client
states. It also reflects donor disillusion with the failure of many
development projects. Much humanitarian assistance is delivered in complex
emergencies such as in Angola, Somalia, Rwanda, the Caucasus and former
Yugoslavia. Almost without exception these emergencies relate directly to
global, regional, national and local political instability created by the
‘new international political order’. Many of the emergencies
have roots in the colonial era and a deep history in cultural tensions
loosely described as ethnic conflict. Many complex emergencies entail
enormous violence, massacres of civilian populations, deliberate
destruction of the means of production, ethnic cleansing, torture and
rape, displacement of population, refugeedom, social and economic
collapse, traumatisation and psycho‐social problems of whole
populations and state collapse. Complex emergencies are dynamic,
characterised by uncertainty and by rapid and unpredictable changes
affecting all aspects of life.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 567-582
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704282
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:567-582
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Title: Desertification: the uneasy interface between science, people & environmental issues in Africa
Abstract:
Desertification is a major environmental issue that is the focus of a
recent UN convention (the CCD) that aims to improve the resolution of the
problem. Desertification is however not a straight forward issue and has
many controversial dimensions, in part due to confusion over its
definition, extent, characteristics and causes. Many difficulties have
arisen at the interface between science, politics and decision makers.
From a scientific perspective, these problems have been a result of the
speed of scientific research, the way in which scientifc ideas evolve, the
manner in which data have been selectively used and, in parts of the
developing world, becasue of perceived links between science and
colonisation. It is argued that despite these problems that create an
uneasy interface between science and politics, desertification can not be
tackled from political and social directions alone. Science has a real
role to play in combating desertification, particularly in the light of
CCD goals. This role includes retaining the clarity of the issue,
identifying environmental responses to human disturbances, monitoring the
extent of desretifcation, and identifying appropriate scales of remedial
action.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 583-589
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704283
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:583-589
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carole J.L. Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Carole J.L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Title: Reconstructing the Congo
Abstract:
This follow‐up to ‘The Congo is Back!’ in the June
issue of ROAPE(No. 72) focuses on the ADFL's (Alliance of
Democratic Forces for the Liberation of the Congo) economic project and
plans for reconstruction; Western and African governmental and private
sector responses to the Congo's economic prospects; how Kabila's ongoing
dispute with the UN over human rights abuses during the ADFL advance may
affect these; and how civil society is faring in the new period.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 591-600
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704284
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:591-600
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Styan
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Styan
Title: Mohamed Kadamy under arrest
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 600-601
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:600-601
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Oxby
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Oxby
Author-Name: Phil Grantham
Author-X-Name-First: Phil
Author-X-Name-Last: Grantham
Title: Book reviews
Abstract:
Touaregs: Voix solitaires sous l'horizon
confisqui(1996), by Hélène and Hawad Claudot‐Hawad
(eds.), Ethnies Document no. 20--21, Paris: Peuples autochtones et
développement in association with Survival International (France), 256pp.,
price 120F, ISSN 0295--9151, ISBN 2912114--00--4.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 603-607
Issue: 74
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:74:p:603-607
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Trefon Saskia
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore Trefon
Author-X-Name-Last: Saskia
Author-Name: Saskia Van Hoyweghen
Author-X-Name-First: Saskia
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Hoyweghen
Author-Name: Stefaan Smis
Author-X-Name-First: Stefaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Smis
Title: State failure in the Congo: perceptions & realities
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 379-388
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704627
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:379-388
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: René Lemarchand
Author-X-Name-First: René
Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand
Title: The tunnel at the end of the light
Abstract:
For those of us old enough to remember what in the 1960s was known as
‘the Congo crisis’ ‐ soon to become the
‘endless crisis'‐ the tragic singularity of the present
conjuncture is perhaps less apparent than some of the contributions to
this special issue on the Congo might suggest. No one who lived through
the agonies of the Congo's improvised leap into independence ‐
followed by the swift collapse of the successor state and the
break‐up of the country into warring fragments ‐ can fail to
note the analogy with the dismemberment of the Mobutist state in the wake
of the 1998 civil war. Then as now the former Belgian colony was faced
with a crisis of statelessness of huge proportions. The challenges
confronting the international community today are in a sense remarkably
similar to what they were in the early 1960s. How to reconstruct a
broken‐backed polity, how to rebuild an army reduced to a rabble by
the emergence of armed factions, how to revitalise basic human services,
ensure a minimum of security and economic self‐sustenance; in
short, how to restore the legitimacy, territorial integrity and internal
sovereignty of the state, such are the daunting challenges facing the
international community. This is not meant to suggest that history repeats
itself, only that historical perspectives can offer important clues to an
understanding of the present.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 389-398
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704628
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:389-398
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gauthier de Villers
Author-X-Name-First: Gauthier
Author-X-Name-Last: de Villers
Author-Name: Jean Omasombo Tshonda
Author-X-Name-First: Jean Omasombo
Author-X-Name-Last: Tshonda
Title: An intransitive transition
Abstract:
Efforts to promote a ‘democratic transition’ in Congo go
back to April 1990 when Mobutu declared the end of the Second Republic.
Since then, and despite the changing regimes and conditions experienced
under Mobutu and the Kabilas, father and son, the rhetoric of
democratisation has had little relationship to the realities of power
struggles. The authoritarianism of regimes in Kinshasa, the covetousness
of the country's neighbours, the paralysis of opposition groups, the
marginalisation of civil society's forces ‐ all have combined to
ensure that transition remains stalled or intransitive.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 399-410
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704629
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:399-410
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefaan Smis
Author-X-Name-First: Stefaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Smis
Author-Name: Wamu Oyatambwe
Author-X-Name-First: Wamu
Author-X-Name-Last: Oyatambwe
Title: Complex political emergencies, the international community & the Congo conflict
Abstract:
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is presently confronted with the
most severe crisis since its independence. It has been transformed into a
battlefield where several African states and national armed movements are
simultaneously fighting various wars. Confronted with this acute political
emergency, the international community, which has a responsibility in
promoting peace and security has given an ambiguous message. In the
absence of a clear response, the Southern Africa Development Community
played a leading role in the mediation process that ultimately led to the
Lusaka Agreement of 10 July 1999. The agreement was, however, signed in a
totally different context from the present one. Moreover, the primary
objective of the Lusaka Agreement, to topple Laurent Désiré Kabila, has
lost its relevance since his assassination and replacement by a (more
Western friendly) government led by Joseph Kabila. With the Lusaka
Agreement signed by most of the belligerents, the international community
had a framework through which to channel its growing involvement. However,
confronted by the signatories to the Lusaka Agreement who were not ready
for peace and therefore continuously violated established rules of
international law and found pretexts to not observe the agreement, the
international community remained divided and unwilling to become more
involved ‐ particularly in light of the Somalia and Rwanda
debacles. In the absence of this commitment, however, the whole idea of
African renaissance could be put in jeopardy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 411-430
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704630
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704630
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:411-430
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roland Kobia
Author-X-Name-First: Roland
Author-X-Name-Last: Kobia
Title: European union commission policy in the DRC
Abstract:
On 5 February 2002 the Commission of the European Union formally resumed
its direct co‐operation with the DRC after a ten year suspension
‐a consequence of the economic and political progress made in Congo
over the past year. The co‐operation envisaged is also meant to
encourage democratisation, good governance and respect for the rule of
law. Indeed, the Congolese state has been an ‘absentee
landlord’ for many years: anarchy and the lost expertise that have
stemmed from it are both cause and consequence. Therefore, if there is to
be a prospect of greater efficiency and long‐term sustainability of
all efforts, the conditions enabling the state to take on its traditional
role again need to be recreated. The EC hopes to use the current window of
opportunity employing an incremental approach in combination with other
donors. It has already committed approximately 250 million euros for the
next 2--3 years. For external aid to maximise its impact, preliminary
conditions are needed. The EC seeks to encourage long‐term
development through peace‐building and political stabilisation.
Concomitantly, the EC supports targeted poverty alleviation strategies to
help the DRC re‐establish a minimal critical mass of internal
development conditions, notably through institutional and administrative
support. In the medium‐term, the Cotonou Agreement should bring
additional funds and will promote a new and stronger relationship between
the EU and the DRC combining political dialogue, trade and regional
integration.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 431-443
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704631
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:431-443
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom De Herdt
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: De Herdt
Title: Democracy & the money machine in Zaire
Abstract:
Whether or not Mitterand's famous thesis that ‘there can be no
democracy without development and no development without
democracy‘-super-1is correct, Zaire during the 1990s was a clear
case demonstrating the absence of a close relationship between development
and democratisation. On the contrary, the announcement that political
leaders might be facing electoral defeat could be considered as one of the
most important background elements determining the climate of
sauve qui peutduring the early 1990s. The dynamics of
such an end‐game situation are well‐known in the literature
on experimental game theory: only the most stubborn or naive actors will
still abstain from using all the means at their disposal to maximise their
short‐term interests. We document this situation by studying
Zaire's monetary politics during the early 1990s. First, we describe the
most impressive phenomena creating the monetary landscape: hyperinflation,
monetary games, a fake monetary reform and counterfeit money. We then
analyse these phenomena in connection with the dynamics of the political
arena of the period and, in particular, the prospect of democratisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 445-462
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:445-462
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingrid Samset
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid
Author-X-Name-Last: Samset
Title: Conflict of interests or interests in conflict? diamonds & war in the DRC
Abstract:
This article explores how the exploitation of key natural resources,
diamonds in particular, has contributed to prolonging the war in the
Democratic Republic of Congo. It affirms that the motivation and
feasibility of resource exploitation largely explain why external military
contingents have remained active in the country since August 1998. Driving
forces of war can be identified among elites of Rwanda, Uganda and
Zimbabwe, for whom DRC resources have proven decisive to sustain positions
of power. Although most exploitation has been carried out at gunpoint, the
use of existing networks suggests that withdrawal of forces will not
necessarily stop the massive resource diversion. While a lasting
resolution to the crisis needs to ensure due benefits to the local
population from their resources, it also requires that stakeholders see
peace as a more attractive option than continued war.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 463-480
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704633
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:463-480
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Trefon
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Trefon
Title: The political economy of sacrifice: Kinois &the state
Abstract:
With approximately 6 million inhabitants, Kinshasa is the second largest
city in sub‐Saharan Africa ‐ and one of the poorest. The
residents of the Congolese capital (the Kinois),like
people throughout the country, have been struggling through a
multi‐dimensional crisis for over forty years. Security, political
and economic problems are dramatic, largely because the
post‐colonial state abdicated from its role as provider of social
and administrative services, transforming itself into a social predator.
In response to these constraints, the Kinoishave
developed remarkably creative people‐based
‘solutions’ to address the challenges of daily survival. In
contrast to what has become a tradition of condemning the inability of the
Congo/Zaire authorities to ‘manage the country’ according to
Western perceptions of how states should function, this article argues
that state‐society relations in Kinshasa are not always as poorly
organised as outside observers tend to believe. There is order in the
disorder. Function and dysfunction overlap. This applies to all social and
political levels. The Kinoishave entered into a new phase
of post‐colonialism by combining global approaches to local
problems while blending ‘traditional’ belief systems and
behaviours with their own unique forms of ‘modernity’. They
have proven themselves remarkably clever at mobilisation for economic
survival thanks to new forms of solidarity and thanks to accommodation
with the international community, which is increasingly ‘acting on
behalf of the state’ in many areas of public life. Conversely, the
Kinoisseem to have failed at transforming political
discourse and desires into political mobilisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 481-498
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704634
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:481-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Koen Vlassenroot
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Vlassenroot
Title: Citizenship, identity formation & conflict in South Kivu: the case of the Banyamulenge
Abstract:
The objectives of this exercise are threefold. First, through a
case‐study of the Banyamulenge ethnogenesis, I demonstrate that
this ethnicity was never constructed in a vacuum, but in a
‘pre‐imagined’ field. The ‘creation’ of
a Banyamulenge identity illustrates perfectly that ethnicities are ongoing
processes of continuous change. Ethnicities are dynamic processes that
result from the confrontation of a community with its
socio‐economic and political environment. Contrary to what local
political and social leaders like to believe about their followings, the
existence of a Banyamulenge identity is not the result of pure invention.
I illustrate how historical events gave meaning to the content of this
identity. Second, a close look will be taken at the different internal
dynamics within this community to reach a better understanding of the real
content of this ethnogenesis. While the Banyamulenge in Uvira were
undoubtedly subject to exclusion, widespread ethnic resentment and
violence, their marginalised position is also due to a lack of coherent
leadership and internal division. An inquiry into the reasons why the
Banyamulenge community, even today, still lacks any coherent leadership
that is capable of improving the position of their community is crucial.
Finally, as recent local history in Uvira suggests, I show that political
exclusion tends to be the key to conflicting identity formation. In the
case of the Banyamulenge, it seems that their claims to political
participation not only had the effect of hardening the boundaries between
different identity groups, but also had facilitated the shift to massive
violence as an enticing strategy of control and resistance. This work is
mainly the result of extensive fieldwork in and around Uvira and Bukavu,
complemented by what was learned from the few printed sources that exist.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 499-516
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704635
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:499-516
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Jackson
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson
Title: Making a killing: criminality & coping in the Kivu War economy
Abstract:
Over the last four years, the eastern Kivu provinces of the Democratic
Republic of Congo (DRC) have seen the precipitous rise and fall of a
lucrative economy based on artisanal mining of tantalum ore. In some ways
building on older patterns of survivalist economics in Congo, it also
represents a radical mutation of livelihood strategies responding to an
economy profoundly destroyed by colonial and post‐colonial neglect
and greed, and more recently by five years of vicious war. That war has
itself capitalised on the country's vast mineral wealth, progressively
becoming ‘economised’, in that profits increasingly motivate
the violence, and violence increasingly makes profits possible for all
belligerents. This article details the tantalum commodity chain from its
base in the forests and uplands of the Kivus to global markets. Through an
exploration of popular rumour about economic activity it also traces how
the war has radically altered conventional Congolese attitudes to the
survivalist tradition of ‘fending for yourself, from perceptions of
the heroic to perceptions of criminal domination by
‘foreigners’ and ‘Congolese traitors’. Yet if
there is criminal gain from tantalum on the part of Congolese and foreign
actors, tantalum mining has also become a critical mode of survival for
many at the grassroots. International action against the ‘war
economy’ in the Congo must therefore be careful to punish the real
villains.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 517-536
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704636
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704636
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:517-536
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edouard Bustin
Author-X-Name-First: Edouard
Author-X-Name-Last: Bustin
Title: Remembrance of sins past: unraveling the murder of Patrice Lumumba
Abstract:
The assassination of L.D. Kabila, forty years to the day after the1961
murder of Patrice Lumumba, revived memories of the fate of the Congo's
first (and only) democratically elected leader, but in Belgium, the case
of Lumumba's assassination had already been re‐opened by a solidly
documented exposé challenging what had for some time been the
‘official version’ of the murder. Written by Ludo DeWitte,
this account identified those members of the Belgian establishment whom it
saw as having deliberately engineered Lumumba's overthrow and
‘final elimination’. Its publication directly led to the
creation of a parliamentary commission of enquiry whose final report was
released in November 2001. Much of the investigation took the form of an
examination of archival and testimonial evidence. Most witnesses were not
seriously challenged, and cross‐examination was usually gentle and
ineffective. Yet, considering the perceived need to achieve some form of
national consensus, the enquiry cannot be dismissed as a whitewash. The
report concludes that ‘certain members of the Belgian government
and other Belgian participants were morally responsible for the
circumstances leading to the death of Lumumba.’ The commission also
identifies what it correctly views as dysfunctions in the
decision‐making process that prevailed in 1960--1961. Reactions to
the report suggest that, for many of those involved in those violent
events, stereotypes and cold war clichés die a reluctant death.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 537-560
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704637
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704637
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:537-560
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brooke Grundfest Schoepf
Author-X-Name-First: Brooke Grundfest
Author-X-Name-Last: Schoepf
Title: ‘Mobutu's disease’: a social history of AIDS in Kinshasa
Abstract:
The social history of AIDS in the Mobutu era provides a window through
which to view the consequences of gender and class inequality. Official
and popular responses to this epidemic of fatal sexually transmitted
disease reveal the interplay of structure and agency, political economy
and culture. While the present crisis of the state and civil war in
eastern DRC have pushed gender issues off the political agenda, the
prevalence of sexual violence, and consequently, increased levels of HIV
and AIDS, makes gender relations central to peace and development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 561-573
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704638
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:561-573
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saskia >Van Hoyweghen
Author-X-Name-First: Saskia >Van
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoyweghen
Author-Name: Stefaan Smis
Author-X-Name-First: Stefaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Smis
Title: The crisis of the nation‐state in Central Africa: a theoretical introduction
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 575-581
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704639
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704639
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:575-581
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mwayila Tshiyembe
Author-X-Name-First: Mwayila
Author-X-Name-Last: Tshiyembe
Title: A new political order in the DRC: the challenge of ‘multinationalism’
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 581-590
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704640
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:581-590
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre Englebert
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Englebert
Title: A research note on Congo's nationalist paradox
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 591-594
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704641
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704641
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:591-594
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Brittain
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Brittain
Title: Calvary of the women of eastern democratic republic of Congo (DRC)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 595-601
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704642
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704642
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:595-601
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Kennes
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennes
Title: Footnotes to the mining story
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 601-606
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704643
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:601-606
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carole J.L. Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Carole J.L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Title: Congo: revisiting the looking glass
Abstract:
This Briefing analyses economic developments and trends in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo (DRC), within the context of recent political and
military manoeuvres and the current human rights situation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 607-615
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704644
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704644
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:607-615
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Kabuya‐Lumuna Sando
Author-X-Name-First: C. Kabuya‐Lumuna
Author-X-Name-Last: Sando
Title: Laurent Désiré Kabila
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 616-619
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704645
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:616-619
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claude Sumata
Author-X-Name-First: Claude
Author-X-Name-Last: Sumata
Title: Migradollars & poverty alleviation strategy issues in Congo (DRC)
Abstract:
This briefing examines the motivations of agents and analyses the idea of
risk‐sharing behaviour in the absence of insurance or intertemporel
markets in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Migration might provide
a shelter against uncertain income prospects when financial markets
‘malfunction’ or do not exist Labour migration tends to
improve economic welfare of the destination countries and immigration may
alleviate unemployment and provide inputs such as remittances and skills.
Migration can also act as a mechanism for income redistribution and as a
source for resources for families with migrants. International migration
has had an overall positive impact on poverty alleviation in DRC.
Remittances facilitate, to some extent, local entrepreneurial activity.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 619-628
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704646
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:619-628
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saskia Van Hoyweghen
Author-X-Name-First: Saskia Van
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoyweghen
Author-Name: Theodore Trefon
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Trefon
Title: Peace agenda 2002
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 629-629
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704647
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:629-629
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guillaume Iyenda
Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume
Author-X-Name-Last: Iyenda
Author-Name: Victoria Brittain
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Brittain
Title: Reviews
Abstract:
The Congo: From Leopold to Kabila. A People's Historyby
Georges Nzongola‐Ntalaja, Zed Books, London, 2002. ISBN: 1 84277
053 5. King Congo
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 631-635
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704648
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:631-635
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Bibliography: The democratic republic of the Congo (former Zaire)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 637-655
Issue: 93-94
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704649
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:93-94:p:637-655
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Africa, Imperialism & New Forms of Accumulation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 5-10
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308366
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:5-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: Regulating Capital in Accumulation: Negotiating the Imperial 'Frontier'
Abstract:
There are three major propositions that underpin this article.
First that the poorest countries are still incorporated into the global
economy in adverse terms, or in a way once described by the dependency and
neo-marxist schools as 'dependent'. Second, that this is not because of
neutral, market driven features of globalisation or comparative advantage,
but by deliberate and political intervention by people and institutions of
the richer countries, moderated by the behaviour of (African and other)
political elites. I shall model this interaction institutionally and
propose that this serves as a 'Keynesian global multiplier' for investors,
but provides very limited gains to host countries. Third, that African
states have developed their own means of creating markets and
state-sponsored means of accumulation, primarily by processes of local
content rules, indigenisation and empowerment. These are inevitably
subject to contextual questions of legitimacy. The article concludes that
the current conceptualisation of government as essentially outside the
market prevents us from understanding these emerging institutional
structures and economic multipliers; it also disables consideration of the
types of redistributive policy that are so essential for socio-economic
recovery.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-32
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308369
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:11-32
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Branwen Gruffydd Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Branwen Gruffydd
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: The Civilised Horrors of Over-work: Marxsm, Imperialism & Development of Africa
Abstract:
In the 21 st century a vast number of people in Africa are
direct producers, working very hard on the land to gain a meagre living --
they are the 'rural poor'. The condition of poverty in Africa is widely
portrayed in both academic and popular discourse as a result of local
factors, whether political, social, cultural or natural. This article
argues for an historical materialist approach which exposes the condition
of widespread routine poverty and malnutrition in Africa to be a modern
world-historical product, the outcome of five centuries of global
capitalist expansion under relations of imperialism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 33-44
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308377
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:33-44
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Conflict in Central Africa: Clandestine Networks & Regional/Global Configurations
Abstract:
Central Africa is currently characterised by conflict and
disorder with concomitant social, political, and ecological dislocation.
The war(s) in the Democratic Republic of Congo and its borderlands are a
catastrophe in the heart of Africa. At the formal level, the Southern
African Development Community (SADC) is ridden by tension and rivalries
that profoundly call into question the 'official' region-building project.
Yet, at the same time, another type of regional networking has been
assiduously crafted. This networking, very often clandestine and illegal,
has helped forge a regionalisation that may not be recognisable at first
glance, but is surely as 'real' -- if not more so -- in the DRC than any
formal regionalism. The type of regionalism emerging links up well-placed
individuals and groups within Africa to outside interests, creating a
milieu where a wide variety of shadow networks involving states, mafias,
private armies, 'businessmen' and assorted state elites from both within
and outside Africa has developed. The role that international capital has
played in this is discussed, throwing into relief the involvement of
international interests in helping perpetuate the continent's disorder,
even whilst influential voices -- ignoring such roles -- throw up their
hands at the 'hopeless continent'.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 45-55
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308372
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308372
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:45-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Meagher
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Meagher
Title: A Back Door to Globalisation? Structural Adjustment, Globalisation & Transborder Trade in West Africa
Abstract:
Neo-liberal economic reforms were widely expected to rein in
Africa's unofficial transborder trade through liberalisation and closer
integration into the global economy. Instead of disappearing in the face
of structural adjustment and globalisation, however, West African
transborder trading systems have been restructured and globalised. This
article analyses how the West African experience of economic restructuring
has led to an expansion and deepening of unofficial trade, as well as the
globalisation of its activities. A clear understanding of this process has
been blurred by the ideological manipulation of perspectives on informal
economic activity by proponents of the neo-liberal reforms. By means of a
deconstruction of populist analyses and more recent narratives of
criminalisation, this article traces the contemporary evolution of
transborder trade. The conclusion reached is that, while transborder
trading structures represent important institutional resources for
economic development, they are structurally incapable of integrating West
Africa into the global economy in the absence of an appropriate regulatory
framework.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 57-75
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308374
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308374
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:57-75
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Biel
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Biel
Title: Imperialism & International Governance: The Case of US Policy towards Africa
Abstract:
This article argues that capitalism requires a structure of
international governance, and that this can fruitfully be interpreted by
integrating elements of the imperialism perspective with international
relations theory. A key issue is the study of the interface between
country-level governance and that of the international system itself.
Capitalism needs to adapt from a relatively simple state-centric model of
international governance to one which encompasses and tries to exploit an
environment peopled by regimes, non-governmental organisations,
'international civil society', and rapidly developing international law.
But it seems that that this tendency is incompatible with an underlying
imperative of deploying pure force in the selfish interests of the
dominant powers, particularly the United States.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 77-88
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308368
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:77-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian S. Spears
Author-X-Name-First: Ian S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Spears
Title: Reflections on Somaliland & Africa's Territorial Order
Abstract:
This article examines the arguments for and against reforming
the African state system in order to create more viable and peaceful
states. It argues that while such a process has the potential to be
enormously disruptive, selective recognition of some
'states-within-states', such as Somaliland, does offer promising
approaches to more effective governance and more viable and coherent
states.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 89-98
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308371
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:89-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Kwesi Aning
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel Kwesi
Author-X-Name-Last: Aning
Title: Regulating Illicit Trade in Natural Resources: The Role of Regional Actors in West Africa
Abstract:
This article explores the multiple efforts that have been
initiated by regional actors in West Africa, mainly ECOWAS, 1 to regulate
the illicit trade in natural resources in the context of armed conflicts.
It then examines the behaviour of 'spoilers' who are able to circumvent
the sanctions regime and governments' domestic regulation. The paper
argues that the characteristics and multiple dynamics of the armed
conflicts in West Africa have created specific opportunities for economic
activities in a thriving parallel economy through the 'illicit' trade in
natural resources.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 99-107
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308375
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308375
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:99-107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Issa G. Shivji
Author-X-Name-First: Issa G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shivji
Title: The Life & Times of Babu: The Age of Liberation & Revolution
Abstract:
The following was the Keynote Address at the International
Conference to celebrate the Life of Comrade Abdulrahman Mohamed Babu,
21-22 September 2001, University of Dar es Salaam. Babu died on 5 August
1996 and later that year, ROAPE published a special issue devoted to our
dear friend and comrade (ROAPE 69).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 109-118
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308367
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:109-118
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Loxley
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Loxley
Title: Imperialism & Economic Reform in Africa: What's New About the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD)?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 119-128
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308373
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308373
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:119-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Na¨rman
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Na¨rman
Title: Karamoja: Is Peace Possible?
Abstract:
After more than two decades of turmoil and retarded development
it seems as if Uganda is once more heading towards a brighter future.
Nevertheless, some people and regions are, so far, still excluded from
these positive trends. Poverty and armed conflicts are very much a part of
every day life for many Ugandans. In western Uganda, for example, the ADF
(Allied Democratic Forces) carry out atrocities against the civilian
population adjoining the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). For many
years, the most seriously affected region of Uganda has been the north. At
present, the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) is attacking civilians seemingly
at random with new force, at a time when the national army, through
Operation Iron Fist, has eliminated most of the guerrilla bases in
southern Sudan and claims to have gained the upper hand on Ugandan soil as
well. Civilians were recently asked to leave their homes and move closer
to occupied army barracks, or risk being massacred by the increasingly
desperate rebels.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 129-169
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308370
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:129-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jo Beall
Author-X-Name-First: Jo
Author-X-Name-Last: Beall
Author-Name: Owen Cranshaw
Author-X-Name-First: Owen
Author-X-Name-Last: Cranshaw
Author-Name: Susan Parnell
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Parnell
Title: Uniting a Divided City; Governance and Social Exclusion in Johannesburg
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 171-176
Issue: 95
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240308376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240308376
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:95:p:171-176
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Abrahamsen
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahamsen
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: War & the Forgotten Continent
Abstract:
As US and UK military forces invade Iraq the death of innocents in the
Middle East will be added to those dying from AIDS, famine and preventable
illness in Africa. The waging of war at any time, when not sanctioned by
international law and the victims pose no threat to neighbours or
invaders, is monstrous. It is even more so as US and UK resources are
diverted towards the aims of death and destruction when millions in Africa
are starving to death. In Iraq itself, the British Overseas Aid Group
(Oxfam, Cafod, Christian Aid, Action Aid and Save the Children) warns of
the humanitarian consequences of war in a country where more than 16
million are entirely dependent upon food aid. There has been little
concern for the lives of those to be affected by military conflict as
preparation to relieve the humanitarian disaster has taken second place to
the creation of that disaster. The US will spend $12.5 billion a month on
the war although it has offered $65 million to provide help with immediate
humanitarian assistance. And when it is time for the reconstruction of
Iraq, the US will offer only $50 million of a possible $1.5 billion to
NGOs and the UN for the process -- the rest goes to US companies,
including those close to White House officials (The
Guardian, 18 March 2003).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 181-186
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693493
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:181-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Africa: The Next Liberation Struggle?
Abstract:
This article brings into focus the immediate challenges facing
progressives in Africa as they now seek to forge social and political
initiatives that can hope to attain power and implement policies able to
confront and ultimately to bend the apparent logic of global capitalism --
thereby permitting more humane outcomes on the continent. Taking as a
starting-point the moment of heightened reflection on such issues that
occurred in Dar es Salaam in the 1960s and early 1970s, the article
up-dates the insights of that period with reference to the even grimmer
circumstances in which Africa currently finds itself. Suggesting that mere
‘reform’ (NEPAD, ‘liberal democratisation’)
offers little real promise of meaningful and substantial change of the
continent's desperate situation, the article seeks to canvas the range of
resistances in Africa that indicate the emergence of a more radical
project of transformation. While acknowledging that it is easy to be
pessimistic regarding such possibilities, the article identifies
sufficient movement on the continent to suggest that Africa, in terms of
the emergence of a ‘post-nationalist, post-neo-liberal’
revolutionary politics, now stands at a moment analogous with 1945. At
that time few could have anticipated the speed with which African
nationalist movements would win independence for their territories from
colonial rule. The article concludes with the argument that, despite its
current eclipse, the language and vision of socialism will have to become
part and parcel of this continuing revival of Africa's revolutionary
endeavours and of its ‘next liberation struggle’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 187-202
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693494
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:187-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Bernstein
Author-X-Name-First: Henry
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernstein
Title: Land Reform in Southern Africa in World-Historical Perspective
Abstract:
This paper attempts to place issues of land reform in South Africa and
Zimbabwe in a ‘world-historical’ perspective.
‘World-historical’ is used in two senses. The first is that
given by the ‘classic’ agrarian question and its tradition,
concerning the role of agrarian transformation in the transition to
capitalism, and especially industrial capitalism, in general
general. The second applies to the trajectories, and mutations,
of the ‘classic’ agrarian question in the development of
capitalism on a world scale and its historical and spatial coordinates. It
is suggested that the moment of ‘globalisation’ from the
1970s signaled the end of the ‘classic’ agrarian question,
as the agrarian question of capital, without its resolution in most
countries of the South. At the same time, however, the
‘fragmentation’ of labour associated with and intensified by
the global restructuring of capital discloses possibilities of (new)
agrarian questions generated by the struggles of labour for means of
livelihood and reproduction. This is illustrated in relation to South
Africa and especially Zimbabwe as social formations that combine key
aspects of previous phases of capitalism, given their belated, and
limited, national democratic revolutions, and of the current phase of
‘globalisation’ and its fragmentation of labour. While
schematic in presentation, the aim is to illustrate the relevance and
utility of some wider theoretical and historical ideas to debate of land
redistribution in South Africa and Zimbabwe today.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-226
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693495
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693495
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:203-226
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lloyd M. Sachikonye
Author-X-Name-First: Lloyd M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sachikonye
Title: From ‘Growth with Equity’ to ‘Fast-Track’ Reform: Zimbabwe's Land Question
Abstract:
This article represents a provisional attempt to explain the changing and
competing strands of the debate surrounding the ‘land
question’ as it has unfolded in Zimbabwe in the past 23 years. As
in most contexts of land reform, the debate is highly political whether
packaged in nationalist or technocratic rhetoric. Since independence,
three phases of land reform debate can be identified: the early
independence years from 1980 to about 1989, the period of structural
adjustment and afterwards from 1990--1999, and the current phase which
commenced in 2000. The paper concludes by providing an update on the
short-term repercussions of the ‘fast-track’ reform
programme for the agricultural sector, food security and the wider
economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 227-240
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693496
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:227-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: Rural Cooperation & the Renewal of Rural Socialism in Africa
Abstract:
This article examines the debates over the role of co-operatives in the
building of socialism and more generally their possible role as important
organisations for boosting production and creating opportunities for
collective decision making in capitalist and transition economies. It does
so by putting centre stage the benefits of rural co-operation as well as
the historical pitfalls. It stresses the opportunity for cooperatives to
boost the democratic imperative for socialist development even at a time
of neo-liberal ascendency
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 241-248
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693497
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693497
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:241-248
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alemseged Tesfai
Author-X-Name-First: Alemseged
Author-X-Name-Last: Tesfai
Title: Land & Liberation in Eritrea: Reflecting on the work of Lionel Cliffe
Abstract:
This article examines the contribution Lionel Cliffe has made to a
charcterisation of the war of liberation in Eritrea. It does so by looking
at the specificity of the Eritrean case and the dimensions of the struggle
for liberation including the military strategy of the EPLF and the
strategy for land reform.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 249-254
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693498
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693498
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:249-254
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Democracy in Southern Africa: Moving Beyond a Difficult Legacy
Abstract:
The peace dividend in southern Africa may serve to underpin NEPAD's bid
for economic growth and development. However, it is by no means so clear
that the region is embarked upon an unambiguous progression towards the
consolidation of democracy. Indeed, there are deeply worrying indications
that the democratic wave which broke upon the region's shores in the 1990s
is now moving into reverse. Most particularly, it can be argued that a
developing crisis of democracy in southern Africa is characterised by
first, an increasingly explicit clash between an authoritarian culture of
national liberation and participatory democracy; and second, by a closely
related model of state power which, even if obscured under democratic
garb, entrenches elites and promotes highly unequal patterns of
accumulation and anti-development. It is therefore necessary to move
forward to a more advanced conception of democracy which links liberal
democratic rights to conditions which combine increased political
participation with greater social and economic equality.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 255-272
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693499
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693499
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:255-272
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Ann Richey
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Richey
Title: Women's Reproductive Health & Population Policy: Tanzania
Abstract:
Population policies have rarely been linked to economic policy, although
the promoters of economic liberalisation also support the embrace of
population policy as important to the economic wellbeing of African
states. Using a case study from Tanzania, I argue that population policies
with a limited focus on fertility reduction may continue to be successful
in the context of post-adjustment African health care systems, but
policies that aim for the larger goals of improving women's reproductive
health will be severely limited. Tanzania's donors and lenders promoted
Neo-Malthusian types of population policies aimed primarily at reducing
childbearing as a partial solution to the country's economic crisis.
However, in the mid-1990s, the international discourse on population
shifted toward a new dependent variable of ‘women's
reproductive’ health. The notion of reproductive health reunites
population and development issues in the context of basic health care
provision. Improvements in the reproductive health of Tanzanian women will
require more than simply the effective provision of contraceptives. This
article argues that the challenges of improving reproductive health are
unlikely to be met without a revitalisation of public health care
provision in African countries.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 273-292
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693500
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:273-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Kelsall
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelsall
Author-Name: Claire Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: Empowering People? World Vision & ‘Transformatory Development’ in Tanzania
Abstract:
Ideas of participatory development and empowerment have become central to
contemporary development discourse. This article identifies two axes of
tension within this discourse. First is the disturbing thought that by
empowering a ‘community’ a development project can
disempower groups or individuals within that community.
Second is the paradox whereby external agents are
perceived as necessary to install internal desires and
capacities for individual and community autonomy. The article presents
empirical data from research into two projects by the NGO World Vision in
northeast Tanzania. The aim is to show that the dilemmas of development in
practice turn around these axis of tension, as the attempts to empower the
‘community’ benefit disproportionately an elite -- the idea
of development as ‘empowerment’ inserted into the community
from the outside.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 293-304
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693501
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:293-304
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: ‘The Workers' Struggle’: A South African Text Revisited
Abstract:
In April 1982 workers from across South Africa met at the congress of the
non-racial trade union movement, the Federation of South African Trade
Unions, Fosatu. The federation was just three years old, but in that time
it had grown five fold, from around 20,000 workers to over 100,000
(Baskin, 1991:25, 29). What they heard was a speech that must rank as one
of the most important statements of principle ever delivered to a South
African labour movement. Although the Fosatu general secretary, Joe Foster
read it, the speech reflected the work of many people. Its authors have
never been revealed, but the hand of Alec Erwin -- Fosatu's first general
secretary, and currently South Africa's Minister of Trade and Industry --
was almost certainly among them.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 305-313
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693502
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:305-313
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gibbon
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbon
Title: AGOA, Lesotho' ‘Clothing Miracle’ & the Politics of Sweatshops
Abstract:
The ‘Africa Growth and Opportunity Act’ (AGOA) was signed
into US law at the end of August 2000. Perhaps the most important
provision of this version of the Act (AGOA I) was that it conferred
duty-free status to clothing articles directly imported into the US from
beneficiary countries, until 30 September 2008. To command beneficiary
status, countries had to meet a series of political and economic
conditions, with the result that 38 countries are currently included in
benefits. In addition, beneficiary countries have to have an export visa
system approved by the US Customs Department. As of early March 2003,
nineteen had done so. The only important clothing manufacturing country in
Africa that remains excluded from AGOA benefits is Zimbabwe.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 315-350
Issue: 96
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9693503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9693503
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:96:p:315-350
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Markakis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Markakis
Title: The horn of conflict
Abstract:
Nearly twenty years ago, the editorial of ROAPE's first
special issue (No. 30, 1984) on the Horn of Africa opened with the sombre
comment: 'Manifold, violent social conflict is the hallmark of
contemporary history in the Horn of Africa.' Civil wars were raging then
in Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia. The latter two states had fought their
second war a few years earlier, and relations between them were extremely
hostile. Each was patronised and armed by one of the rival superpowers
that were running a cold war sideshow in this corner of African. Not
unrelated to conflict, a biblical famine was ravaging the region for the
second time within a decade. The editorial of the second ROAPE special
issue (No. 70, 1996) on this region observed that some things there had
changed for the better. One major conflict had ended when Eritrea gained
its independence from Ethiopia, and both states now had a young,
battle-tested and sophisticated leadership avowedly committed to peace and
development. Foreign power interference had subsided with the end of the
cold war, and a continent-wide wave of democratisation was seen lapping at
the borders of the Horn. Interstate relations in the region had improved
greatly, ambitious schemes of regional cooperation were envisaged, and
demobilisation of armies and guerilla forces was in progress. Added to the
expected peace dividend, foreign investment was anticipated to boost
development now that socialism, previously the vogue in the region, had
given way to the free market. The editorial also noted some things had
changed for the worse. Conflict had caused the collapse of the Somali
Republic - a first for Africa - and had spread to Djibouti and to parts of
northern Sudan. The latter now claimed the dubious distinction of hosting
Africa's oldest conflict.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 359-362
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659770
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659770
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:359-362
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Moussa Iye
Author-X-Name-First: Ali Moussa
Author-X-Name-Last: Iye
Title: The betrayal of the intellectuals
Abstract:
The world has evolved, yet in the Horn of Africa people
continue to settle ancient scores amongst themselves. As at the time of
the Crusades, they confront one another along the same battlelines and
from the same ideological trenches. The intellectuals of the region have
proved unable to emancipate themselves from the dominant discourses of
their societies and cultures and their power structures. Intellectuals
throughout the region have been seduced, suborned and instrumentalised by
power. They have rallied to every flag of convenience raised by
powerholders and powerseekers, In so doing, they have betrayed their
calling and their people. What this region needs is intellectuals with
integrity and the will to resist the temptation of power. It is time for
the intellectuals of the Horn of Africa to launch a 'liberation movement'
of and for themselves. A movement for the emancipation of critical thought
and its use for the benefit of the common man and woman.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 363-368
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659771
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659771
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:363-368
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leenco Lata
Author-X-Name-First: Leenco
Author-X-Name-Last: Lata
Title: The Ethiopian-Eritrea war
Abstract:
The Ethiopia-Eritrea war of 1998-2000 stands apart from other
contemporary conflicts in Africa in a number of critical ways. First, the
multiplicity of its proximate and distant historical causes, coupled with
its diverse forms of manifestation, renders fitting it into neat
conventional categories a very challenging undertaking. Analysing and
adopting policies and measures demands a prior ability to fit conflicts
into known categories. Conflicts are commonly believed to fit into either
the (1) inter-state (inter-national) or (2) the intra-state (domestic)
categories. The latter is further divided into (a) inter-communal or
inter-ethnic and (b) intra-communal or intra-ethnic. The main argument of
this paper is that the Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict defies attempts to fit it
neatly into just one of these types.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 369-388
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659772
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:369-388
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Medhane Tadesse
Author-X-Name-First: Medhane
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadesse
Author-Name: John Young
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: TPLF: reform or decline?
Abstract:
Founded and led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front
(TPLF), the Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) came
to power in 1991, after a sixteen-year armed struggle against the military
regime that had ruled Ethiopia since 1974. While not formally a
marxist-leninist party, the TPLF nonetheless was devoted to these ideals
and they figured prominently in the structure and functioning of the
organisation. While the TPLF's base represented the peasantry of Tigray,
its leadership was dominated by young, radical intellectuals. Itself
representing an ethnic group of relatively modest size, the TPLF formed a
coalition of ethnically based organisations, the EPRDF, in 1989, to give
itself Ethiopia-wide political scope and legitimacy. Once it came to
power, the Front faced serious problems of adjustment, but managed to
overcome them thanks to the coherence of its programme, the commitment of
its cadres, and the cohesiveness of its leadership. In the face of
dramatically changed international circumstances, the EPRDF moderated its
policies, abandoning marxism and embracing the free market. It weathered
an insurrection by the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) in 1992-93, contained
Islamist incursions from Sudan and Somalia, won the war against Eritrea
(1998-2000), achieved a measure of economic progress, and took large steps
towards state decentralisation and smaller ones towards democratisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 389-403
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659773
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659773
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:389-403
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ken Menkhaus
Author-X-Name-First: Ken
Author-X-Name-Last: Menkhaus
Title: State collapse in Somalia: second thoughts
Abstract:
Somalia's protracted crisis of complete state collapse is
unprecedented and has defied easy explanation. Disaggregating the Somali
debacle into three distinct crises - collapse of central government,
protracted armed conflict, and lawlessness - helps to produce more nuanced
analysis. Significant changes have occurred in the nature and intensity of
conflict and lawlessness in Somalia since the early 1990s, with conflicts
becoming more localized and less bloody, and criminality more constrained
by customary law and private security forces. These trends are linked to
changing interests on the part of the political and economic elite, who
now profit less from war and banditry and more from commerce and service
business that require a predictable operating environment. The prolonged
collapse of Somalia's central government cannot be explained as a
reflection of local interests. The country's elite would profit greatly
from the revival of a recognized but ineffective 'paper' state. The
inability of Somalia's leaders to cobble together such a state is best
explained as a product of risk aversion. Political and economic actors in
collapsed states fear a change in the operating environment which, though
far from ideal, is one in which they have learned to survive and profit.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 405-422
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659774
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659774
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:405-422
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Young
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: Sudan: liberation movements, regional armies, ethnic militias & peace
Abstract:
At the time this article was written - autumn 2002 - peace
talks were underway between the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army
(SPLM/A) and the Government of Sudan (GoS) in Machakos, Kenya. For the
first time since the outbreak of the conflict nineteen years ago, the July
20th Protocol reached between the belligerents under the auspices of the
Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) at Machakos raised the
possibility of a negotiated resolution of the conflict. Sudan's civil war
has been part of the political landscape of Africa for so long, that most
people believe it to be intractable. Even more difficult to envisage is an
effective government, autonomous or independent, in Southern Sudan.
Therefore, it is time to consider the issue of governance in the South,
taking into account the administrative and political capacity of the
SPLM/A, as well as the challenge posed by a host of rival armed movements
loosely grouped under the umbrella of the South Sudan Democratic Front
(SSDF), plus a dozen or more tribal militias
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 423-434
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659775
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:423-434
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Debessay Hedru
Author-X-Name-First: Debessay
Author-X-Name-Last: Hedru
Title: Eritrea: transition to dictatorship, 1991-2003
Abstract:
Eritrea's image in the early 1990s as a peaceful and
well-ordered state was coloured by the euphoria of independence following
a military victory over the formidable army of Ethiopia. Against all odds,
the country seceded in 1991 and attained international recognition in
1993. Emphasis on self-reliance reliance and hard work made it easy to
overlook the ingrained authoritarianism and basic intolerance of the
Eritrean Peoples Liberation Front (EPLF) leadership. Eritreans and foreign
observers believed the promise made by the victorious guerilla leadership
that Eritrea would learn the lessons of post-colonial African history and
would not repeat its mistakes. The EPLF, renamed the Popular Front for
Democracy and Justice (PFDJ) in February 1994, reiterated this promise so
frequently and eloquently that even the most cynical of persons was
inclined to hope Eritrea would be spared the nightmare of dictatorship.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 435-444
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659776
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659776
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:435-444
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Markakis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Markakis
Title: Anatomy of a conflict: Afar & Ise Ethiopia
Abstract:
Bloodshed at Galalu 23 March
2002: Dawn came that day to find a group of about thirty Afar warriors
lying in ambush alongside the road to Djibouti. Newly re-surfaced,
Ethiopia's sole link to the sea cuts a straight dark line through the
desiccated Alligedhi plain. No vehicles were on the road at that early
hour. Lorry drivers avoid night travel, preferring to spend evenings in
the shantytowns that dot the road, where they find food, drink and women
for sale. A bridge nearby takes the road over the dry bed of the Galalu, a
seasonal stream that brings rainwater from the Asebot Mountains to the
south. Rain had not fallen in many months, and the emaciated animals on
the plain were herded to the Awash River, the area's only permanent source
of water some distance to the west. A single well on the Galalu streambed
keeps water throughout the year, a precious resource for pastoralists in
this parched land, and a bone of violent contention in times of drought.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 445-453
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659777
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659777
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:445-453
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Bradbury
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Bradbury
Author-Name: Adan Yusuf Abokor
Author-X-Name-First: Adan Yusuf
Author-X-Name-Last: Abokor
Author-Name: Haroon Ahmed Yusuf
Author-X-Name-First: Haroon Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: Yusuf
Title: Somaliland: choosing politics over violence
Abstract:
Since breaking away from Somalia in 1991, the people of
Somaliland have charted a different path from Somalia away from violent
conflict towards constitutional politics. Unrecognised by the
international community, political reconstruction in Somaliland has
largely been an internal affair. While lack of formal recognition has had
its costs, it has also has given Somalilanders the opportunity to craft a
system of government rooted in their local culture and values that is
appropriate to their needs. For the past decade this has comprised a
system of government that fuses traditional forms of social and political
organisation with Western-style institutions of government. In December
2002 Somaliland took the first step towards changing this system by
holding multi-party elections for district councils. These were followed
in April 2003 by presidential elections. This paper describes the process
of political transition in Somaliland and the first democratic elections
in this region for 33 years.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 455-478
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659778
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659778
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:455-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adan Azain Mohammed
Author-X-Name-First: Adan Azain
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammed
Title: Briefings
Abstract:
Tribal fights have claimed thousands of lives in recent years
in Darfur region of western Sudan. Competition over scarce and diminishing
resources is the usual cause of conflict, pitting nomads against nomads,
nomads against cultivators, migrants from Chad across the border against
local inhabitants, and Arabs against Fur. While men do the fighting, some
women have the role of appraising men's conduct in war. They can make or
break a man's reputation with their poems and songs that praise aggression
and bravery and ridicule timidity and cowardice.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 479-510
Issue: 97
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2003.9659779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2003.9659779
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:97:p:479-510
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Zimbabwe out in the cold?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 535-537
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:535-537
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Tangri
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Tangri
Author-Name: Andrew M Mwenda
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew M
Author-X-Name-Last: Mwenda
Title: Military corruption & Ugandan politics since the late 1990s
Abstract:
The paper examines cases of corrupt military procurement in
Uganda since the late 1990s. It also considers the illicit business
activities of Ugandan army officers in the Democratic Republic of the
Congo since 1998. The paper then discusses how military corruption aroused
the concern of parliament, and became a matter of importance in the 2001
presidential elections. We argue that the prevalence of military
corruption was the result of government and army leaders not being subject
to public accountability. Not a single leader has been faced with
prosecution or punishment for corrupt military behaviour. We conclude by
arguing that military corruption has helped to maintain the National
Resistance Movement (NRM) in power, although this has been realised at the
cost of building a professional national army in Uganda.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 539-552
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/02
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/02
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:539-552
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brooke Grundfest Schoepf
Author-X-Name-First: Brooke
Author-X-Name-Last: Grundfest Schoepf
Title: Uganda: lessons for aids control in Africa
Abstract:
Uganda has the one of the oldest recognised AIDS epidemics.
The first people found to be sick with AIDS in 1982 in southwestern Uganda
became infected in the mid-1970s. For several years, Uganda has been
widely recognised as the first and most dramatic African success story,
with estimated national HIV prevalence falling from about 15 per cent in
1992 to 5 per cent in 2001. This is truly good news! As the epidemic
proceeds through its third decade, many observers suggest that Uganda's
prevention efforts are a model to follow. What is the situation there, and
what can we learn from Uganda?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 553-572
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:553-572
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Volman
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Volman
Title: The Bush administration & African oil: the security implications of US energy policy
Abstract:
'It's been reliably reported,' former US Ambassador to Chad
Donald R. Norland announced during a House Africa Subcommittee hearing in
April 2002, 'that, for the first time, the two concepts-'Africa' and 'U.S
national security'-have been used in the same sentence in Pentagon
documents.' When US Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for African
Affairs Michael A. Westphal held a press briefing that same month, he
noted that 'fifteen per cent of the US's imported oil supply comes from
sub-Saharan Africa' and that 'this is also a number which has the
potential for increasing significantly in the next decade.' This, Westphal
explained, is the main reason that Africa matters to the United States and
why 'we do follow it very closely,' at the Pentagon. And during his July
2002 visit to Nigeria, US Assistant Secretary of State for Africa Walter
Kansteiner declared that 'African oil is of strategic national interest to
us' and 'it will increase and become more important as we go forward.'
While American interest in oil and other strategic raw materials from
Africa is not new, the Bush Administration's decision to define African
oil as a 'strategic national interest' and thus, a resource that the
United States might choose to use military force to control is completely
unprecedented and deeply disturbing.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 573-584
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/04
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/04
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:573-584
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Chaumbra
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaumbra
Author-Name: Ian Scones
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Scones
Author-Name: William Wolmer
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolmer
Title: New politics, new livelihoods: agrarian change in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
In the last four years Zimbabwe has featured prominently in
headlines around the world. An ongoing radical land reform involving the
seizure of largely white-owned commercial farmland has dramatically
altered the physical landscape. Alongside this, a new political terrain
has rapidly unfolded with new actors and new institutions. Tensions
between authoritarian nationalism and ethnic politics, between a
militarised, modernist order and 'traditional' religion and authority have
created a complex political mosaic, made up of multiple and overlapping
identities and positions. This is a confusing and dynamic landscape
populated by actors as diverse as entrepreneurial war veteran 'security
guards'-cum-cum-protection protection racketeers, militant ZANU(PF) youth
brigades, and marauding elephants possessed by chiefly spirits. Focusing
on the farm occupations and 'fast-track' land reform around Sangwe
communal area in Chiredzi district, southeastern Zimbabwe, this paper
attempts to make sense of this seemingly chaotic landscape. It explores
the new patterns of social differentiation and the emerging lines of
political authority, and investigates the impact of these changing
circumstances on people's livelihoods.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 585-608
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/05
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/05
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:585-608
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheikh Gue`ye
Author-X-Name-First: Cheikh
Author-X-Name-Last: Gue`ye
Title: New information & communication technology use by Muslim Mourides in Senegal
Abstract:
Historically, Senegal has gambled heavily on the potential of
New Information & Communication Technologies (NICTs). Indeed, in an
environment dominated by oral communication, state-controlled radio
broadcasting has been a tool for the reproduction of power (Sagna, 2000).
What, then, would be the social and political impact of liberalising and
transnationalising the audiovisual media, as well as of ending state
control over tools of mass propaganda? The national telecommunications
company (SONATEL) undertook a bold initiative, beginning in 1985, to
develop the country's telephone service. The resulting system, which was
implemented gradually and consists of an all-digital fiber optic network,
provides a national coverage which is second to none in West Africa.
SONATEL continues to modernise its basic network, providing expanded
teleservices and facilitating development of the information superhighway.
In the last three years alone, there has been an extraordinary increase in
the number of minutes Senegalese have spent online. This revolution in
ICTs provides a foundation for a 'civilisation of the universal', to use
Le´opold Se´dar Senghor's phrase, and poses a major challenge
for Senegal's increasingly urban, internationally-oriented society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 609-625
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/06
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/06
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:609-625
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah L. Wheeler
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wheeler
Title: Egypt: building an information society for international development
Abstract:
This article examines Egypt's attempt to build an information
society for international development as defined by four key variables: an
IT infrastructure, a knowledge economy, a public culture of discursive
openness, and formal legal institutions which support the digital age. The
main finding is that given serious infrastructural challenges, as well as
a tendency towards political and economic centralisation, the efforts of a
series of government-led projects are unlikely to affect all but the top
of the Egyptian social pyramid for the immediate future.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 627-642
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/07
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/07
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:627-642
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Jaye
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaye
Title: Liberia: An Analysis of Post-Taylor Politics
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 643-686
Issue: 98
Volume: 30
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/08
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/08
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:30:y:2003:i:98:p:643-686
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-cole
Author-Name: Mike Powell
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Powell
Title: ICTs, ‘virtual colonisation’ & political economy
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 5-9
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258388
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258388
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:5-9
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y.Z. Ya'u
Author-X-Name-First: Y.Z.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ya'u
Title: The new imperialism & Africa in the global electronic village1
Abstract:
Globalisation is enabled by new information and communication
technologies (ICTs) that have made it easy to move vast quantities of
market information and intelligence, as well as capital, around the world.
Conscious of the importance of ICTs in the globalisation process, the
World Trade Organization (WTO) has developed a vision for structuring the
ICT sector in developing countries. However, although embedded in
international efforts to address the digital divide, itself occasioned by
uneven access to ICTs at a range of geographic scales, WTO strategy for
configuring the ICT sectors of developing countries appears to work in the
interest of multinational corporations. Furthermore, WTO policy
initiatives, especially those which come under the ambit of the Agreement
on Telecommunications, GATs and TRIPs, have tended to exacerbate the
digital divide. The result is the resurgence of imperialism, this time
represented by knowledge dependence. While locating the marginality of
Africa in cyberspace within its colonial past, this paper argues that
current international attempts at bridging the digital divide are part of
wider efforts to not only secure the virgin markets of developing
countries, but also to configure the world in the interest of the new
imperial powers. Within this context, therefore, Africa faces the
challenge of imperialism anew. The paper discusses the substance of this
challenge, and argues that while isolationism cannot be promoted as a
counter-force to globalisation, Africa must re-establish the basis of its
integration into a globalising world by developing a framework that
challenges the dominant assumptions of processes of globalisation promoted
by the WTO.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-29
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258397
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:11-29
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Serigne Mansour Tall
Author-X-Name-First: Serigne Mansour
Author-X-Name-Last: Tall
Title: Senegalese émigrés: new information & communication technologies1
Abstract:
Emigration from Senegal increased rapidly between 1980 and 1990, and its
economic and social implications grew in significance. These migratory
flows diversified in terms of their departure points and destinations,
making complex the challenge of preserving relationships with families at
home. As Senegalese emigrated to countries with fewer links to Senegal,
the need to find ways of maintaining long-distance relationships became
more urgent. How do the émigrés appropriate New Information and
Communications Technologies (NICT)? How do the new technologies provide
for financial transfers without the physical movement of funds? What role
do the émigrés play in the penetration of new technologies in certain
disadvantaged sectors? What are the economic and social implications of
this advance of NICTs? Tall shows that the types of use made of the new
technologies follow from a complex process of appropriation that can make
a highly personal tool such as the cellular telephone into a collective
instrument to bring a village out of its isolation and connect it with the
world. Tall concludes that the emergence of the new technologies and their
appropriation by émigrés creates new social configurations both in the new
home and in the community of origin, and contributes to the emergence of
new spatial understandings.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 31-48
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258405
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:31-48
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: Engineering civil society: ICT in Tanzania
Abstract:
The international development community has recently focussed attention
on the potential role Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs;
email and Internet) can play in promoting democratic development. The
‘Zapatista effect’ has prompted claims that access to ICTs
will strengthen civil society by giving voice to the poor and
marginalised, widening popular participation, and encouraging
information-sharing and alliance-building. Drawing on research carried out
in Dar es Salaam and Arusha, two of Tanzania's ‘most
connected’ cities, this paper critically analyses such claims in
the light of the experiences of non-governmental organisations' (NGOs) use
of ICTs. In the first instance, only a minority of well-resourced, urban
and/or international NGOs have access to ICT facilities. Moreover, NGOs
are not using ICTs in the ways imagined by donors, who ignore the social,
cultural and political contexts within which they would wish to embed
technological professionalism. Access to ICTs has to some extent
facilitated networking among Tanzania's elite NGOs whose advocacy and
lobbying activities have had some impact upon national policies. Overall,
however, while donors may enjoy limited success in engineering an elite
civil society, the paper concludes that the recent ‘ICT
fetishism’ of international donors is likely to result in a case of
misplaced optimism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 49-64
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258414
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258414
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:49-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shubi L. Ishemo
Author-X-Name-First: Shubi L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishemo
Title: Culture & historical knowledge in Africa: A Cabralian approach
Abstract:
This article will seek to examine the current debates about what some
have characterised as an information age, a network society in the context
of capitalist globalisation and its socio-cultural and political
implications. It will seek to problematise the problem historically and to
argue for the continued relevance of the role of history and culture in
the shaping of African approaches to the so-called information revolution.
It will argue that the dominant perspective on the significance of the
communication and information technologies in the African socio-economic,
political and cultural processes have been based on the resuscitated
modernisation theories and a resurgent neo-liberal ideology which seeks to
legitimize the capitalist counter-revolution on a world scale. The
re-colonisation of Africa and much of the countries of the South has been
accompanied by a crisis whose profoundly devastating effects on humanity
are very well known. Debates as to resolve the worldwide crisis have
included the role that communication and information technologies might
play. It will be suggested that this has resulted in problems that are
synonymous to those which Amilcar Cabral and others sought to confront and
shape the intellectual tools that guided the national liberation struggle.
In the current historical epoch, those intellectual tools are relevant in
the struggle for the re-humanisation of humanity. They will be
characterised by what Fidel Castro has termed the ‘battle of
ideas’. It will be suggested that this will be best waged through
the recovery of the positive cultural and historical knowledge of the
African people and the selective borrowing and re-adaptation of positive
cultural and intellectual tools from other societies. That will result in
the liberation of the processes of the development of the productive
forces. A liberatory use of information and communication technologies has
to be concretized in the socio-cultural realities of Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 65-82
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258423
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258423
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:65-82
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Kohnert
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohnert
Title: Election observation in Nigeria & Madagascar: diplomatic vs. technocratic bias
Abstract:
International election observation has become a valuable means of
supporting African democratic polity. Notably, EU observer missions
adopting a professional approach are meant to shield against political
pressures from partisan stakeholder interests. However, this growing
professionalism did not necessarily lead to less biased observation
results. Available evidence suggests that in crucial cases, the origin and
orientation of the bias changed from ‘diplomatic’ to
‘technocratic’. The latter can be as least as damaging to
the declared aims of election observation as the former. Two outstanding
examples, the observation of transitional elections in Nigeria and
Madagascar, will serve to illustrate this hypothesis and its consequences
for the necessary reorientation of election observation methodology.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 83-101
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258432
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:83-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Discourse, ‘Development’ & the ‘Digital Divide’: ICT & the World Bank
Abstract:
Information and communication technology(ies) (ICT) is tipped to play an
increasingly enabling role in the inclusion and exclusion of groups from
participation in the discourse of ‘development’, with
material consequences. In affecting how ‘development’ is
framed, discussed and practised, the conception and use of such
technologies itself thus becomes an important field of discourse for the
analysis of power relations in the ‘developmental’ field.
This paper shows how a recent ICT-related initiative by the World Bank
Group can be seen as an attempt to replicate its position of strength
within the predominant, technocratic discourse of development, to the
exclusion of alternative views of technology, and even of
‘development’ itself. Using a method of critical discourse
analysis, the paper then examines a recent speech on ICT by the
Bank’s president, which provides a detailed example of the way in
which existing, macro-level power structures are replicated at the
micro-level of discursive practice.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 103-123
Issue: 99
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000258441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000258441
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:99:p:103-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Two cheers? South African democracy's first decade
Abstract:
The contributions in this issue mark the tenth anniversary of democracy
and political liberation in South Africa. They are a selection of the
papers originally presented to a Workshop organised in September 2003 in
Johannesburg by the Democracy and Governance section of the Human Sciences
Research Council of South Africa. We are grateful to Roger Southall, its
director, and to John Daniel for organising the conference, agreeing to a
joint publication of papers with ROAPE and co-editing this issue. All the
contributors are scholars and activists living and working in South
Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 193-202
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262239
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:193-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pallo Jordan
Author-X-Name-First: Pallo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan
Title: The African National Congress: from illegality to the corridors of power
Abstract:
This article examines both the performance of the ANC in power and the
requisites of power which have forced it to redefine itself, experiencing
thereby a profound metamorphosis. It argues that radical policy shifts
have from the party's birth in 1912, been part of its political reality so
that heterodoxy has often become the new orthodoxy. This tradition of
change has been accelerated by local and global realities since 1994 -- an
assumption of office with virtually no power over the civil service and
upper reaches of the security forces and a post-Cold War environment which
generated a demonised of state intervention. Being in office has also
changed the character of the ANC with the party now attracting those
seeking a career and the perks of office, a consequence of which has been
repeated allegations of the misuse of state funds levelled against ANC
representatives. Finally, the paper notes that the ANC's second term has
been marked by growing tensions with the Communist Party and a foreign
policy with, as its central pillar, the creating of space for Africa to
define its own future.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-212
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262248
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:203-212
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Author-Name: Ruth Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Title: A Political economy of land reform in South Africa*
Abstract:
Land reform is one way in which the ‘new’ South Africa set
out to redress the injustices of apartheid and, by redistributing land to
black South Africans, to transform the structural basis of racial
inequality. During the first decade of democracy, land reform has fallen
far short of both public expectations and official targets. This article
describes the progress of the programme and its changing nature. It is
argued that a recent shift in land policy, from a focus on the rural poor
to ‘emerging’ black commercial farmers, is consistent with
changes in macro-economic policy and reflects shifting class alliances.
The programme now appears to pursue a limited deracialisation of the
commercial farming areas rather than a process of agrarian restructuring.
Most fundamentally, land reform has not yet provided a strategy to
overcome agrarian dualism. This paper draws on research by
the author under the aegis of the ‘Evaluating Land and Agrarian
Reform in South Africa’ research programme at the Programme for
Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), University of Western Cape, and in
particular the final report of that research, co-authored with Peter
Jacobs and Edward Lahiff (Hall, Jacobs and Lahiff, 2003).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 213-227
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262257
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:213-227
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Webster
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster
Author-Name: Sakhela Buhlungu
Author-X-Name-First: Sakhela
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhlungu
Title: Between marginalisation & revitalisation? the state of trade unionism in South Africa
Abstract:
This article provides an overview of the structure and organisation of
the contemporary trade union movement in South Africa. It identifies seven
broad trends in the labour market and their impact on the labour movement.
It then examines the variety of initiatives by unions to tackle the
problems generated by these trends. The article suggests that these
initiatives are largely ad hoc and uncoordinated. It concludes that there
is a need to go beyond traditional union structures to explore imaginative
ways of engagement with the unemployed, the new working poor, their own
members, employers, government, the new social movements and labour
movements in other countries. However, it suggests that it is premature to
pronounce the marginalisation of labour in post-apartheid South Africa. If
well-coordinated and prioritised, the revitalisation initiatives
identified in the article open up the opportunity for labour to contribute
towards the emergence of a new jobcreating developmental path in South
Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 229-245
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262266
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:229-245
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristina Bentley
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Bentley
Title: Women's human rights & the feminisation of poverty in South Africa
Abstract:
This article assesses the range of measures in place in South Africa to
protect the human rights of women and establish their equality. The
Constitution, the National Action Plan, ratified international law and
domestic law all aim, or claim, to prioritise the ‘right’
treatment of women in South Africa. On paper then, there is a human rights
‘culture’ which is particularly nuanced to take account of
gender difference and women's particular vulnerability to the effects of
poverty, HIV/AIDS and violence. In practice however, women comprise the
majority of the most marginalised, impoverished and least empowered sector
of South African society. The paper assesses this marginalisation in the
context of an enduring patriarchal culture. The retention of this
‘under-blanket’ of patriarchal power underlies the virtual
exclusion of women from the mainstream of South African economic life.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 247-261
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262275
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:247-261
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neva Seidman Makgetla
Author-X-Name-First: Neva Seidman
Author-X-Name-Last: Makgetla
Title: The post-apartheid economy
Abstract:
South Africa's post-apartheid economy has been characterised by low
growth and investment, and a rise in unemployment (at 30%, higher than any
other middle income country). Government economic policy has stressed the
encouragement of investment through deregulation, privatisation and fiscal
restraint. However, the failure of this strategy to promote growth and
create jobs points to the need for a more interventionist strategy, one in
which government must do more to stimulate equitable growth. This
proposition is highly contested. Nonetheless, in response to the crisis
within the economy, the government has adopted limited reforms involving
increased spending on basic social services and housing, greater emphasis
on job creation and equity, a renewed stress on planning and coordination
and greater support for cooperatives. Yet these new initiatives do not
constitute a systematic plan for transforming the economy and more
integrated policies are required to overcome dualism and stimulate
job-creating growth. My thanks to Tanya van Meelis for
comments.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 263-281
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262284
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:263-281
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Alden
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Alden
Author-Name: Garth le Pere
Author-X-Name-First: Garth
Author-X-Name-Last: le Pere
Title: South Africa's post-apartheid foreign policy: from reconciliation to ambiguity?1
Abstract:
This article focuses on South Africa's rehabilitation from international
pariah status during the apartheid years to its de facto status as leader
of the African continent. Its ambitious foreign policy agenda and the
pan-African revivalism of Mbeki are discussed in the context of the many
constraints (the need to attract foreign investment, limited institutional
capacity, ambiguities over the nature of South Africa's identity) that
circumscribe its capacity to achieve these goals. While under Mandela
South Africa is portrayed in foreign policy terms as an over-stretched
state striving to meet the idealistic demands placed upon it by a fragile
world, Mbeki's pragmatism and moderation has seen South Africa recast its
role in a manner more commensurate with its size and resources. The
primary aims of the Mbeki presidency are seen as a reshaping of current
international norms, institutions and processes to further global justice
for Africa and the South. This paper draws on previous
research, which has culminated in an Adelphi Paper of the London-based
International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 283-297
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262293
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:283-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Seekings
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Seekings
Title: Trade unions, social policy & class compromise in post-apartheid South Africa
Abstract:
The poor benefit greatly through redistribution through the budget in
South Africa: Poor children attend public schools in large numbers and
poor households benefit from a public welfare system that is exceptional
in comparative terms. Trade unions have championed these apparently
pro-poor policies, even though the trade union movement is not a movement
of the poor in South Africa (there are very few union members in the
poorest half of the population). Trade unions' record in acting as a
movement for the poor is shaped by their primary objective of looking
after their members' interests. In education, teachers and unions engage
with the state as the employer more than as the provider of a social
service. Teachers' unions were primarily responsible for securing more
expenditure on poor schools in the mid-1990s, but this was the result of
increased salaries. Self-interest has led teachers and their unions to
oppose, block or impede some reforms that would improve the quality of
schooling for poor children. In welfare reform, trade unions have
championed the cause of the basic income grant, which is in the interests
of the poor. A close analysis suggests that organised labour is also
acting here in part out of self-interest. The socialisation of welfare
costs will reduce the burden on working people and would deflect criticism
of union-backed policies that, arguably, contribute to an economic growth
path characterised by high wages but low employment. In previous work I
argued that post-apartheid South Africa entailed a double class
compromise, between capital, labour and the poor. The evidence from these
areas of social policy suggests that this argument overstated the power of
the poor and underestimated that of organised labour.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 299-312
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262301
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:299-312
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: The ANC & black capitalism in South Africa
Abstract:
The emphasis initially laid by the African National Congress (ANC) on
national reconciliation after 1994 meant that its ideas about Black
Economic Empowerment (BEE) were non-threatening to white interests.
However, the government's recent strategy is more assertive, having the
aim of creating a black capitalist class, which is both
‘patriotic’ and productive, as laid down in the ANC's
guiding theory of the ‘National Democratic Revolution’.
Corporate capital is responding with recognition of the inevitability and
potential advantages of BEE. However, given the centrality of the state to
the deliberate task of creating black capitalism, there are considerable
dangers of the latter's lapse into Asian-style cronyism. The
‘patriotic’ nature of black capitalism is therefore in sharp
contestation with its ‘parasitism’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 313-328
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262310
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:313-328
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Crawford-Browne
Author-X-Name-First: Terry
Author-X-Name-Last: Crawford-Browne
Title: The arms deal scandal
Abstract:
To people in South Africa and millions around the world who supported the
struggle against apartheid, it is incomprehensible that the ANC
government's first major decision was to buy warships and warplanes when
there is no conceivable foreign military threat and when the real threat
to the consolidation of democracy is poverty. Instead of houses, schools
and clinics being built, instead of money to tackle AIDS, South Africa
bought submarines.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 329-342
Issue: 100
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000262329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000262329
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:100:p:329-342
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Editorial: An African scramble?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 383-384
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295495
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000295495
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:383-384
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Phimister
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Phimister
Author-Name: Brian Raftopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Raftopoulos
Title: Mugabe, Mbeki & the politics of anti-imperialism
Abstract:
There can be little doubt that one of the most significant aspects of the
current crisis in Zimbabwe, especially the events of the past two or three
years, has been its international character. At the heart of President
Robert Mugabe's offensive against the array of forces opposed to his rule
are repeated attempts to place the Zimbabwe problem at the centre of a
larger anti-imperialist and Pan-African position. These tactics have been
crucial to the process of legitimising the recent actions of ZANU-PF, in
power since independence in 1980. The land question in particular has been
located within a discourse of legitimate redress for colonial injustice,
language which has resonated on the African continent, and within the
Third World more generally. Knowing that his authoritarian rule would be
confronted with a widespread national and international critique centred
on property rights, human rights and the rule of law, Mugabe and his
advisors constructed alternative discourses around the need for renewed
liberation struggle solidarity, the continuing effects of African
marginalisation attendant on the globalisation process, and the
presumptions of liberal imperialism. Behind this rhetorical shield, the
ZANU-PF government has effectively suspended the rule of law as it
attempts to bludgeon its opponents into silence. In doing so, it has
enjoyed the support provided by the so-called ‘quiet
diplomacy’ and ‘constructive engagement’ of other
Southern and Central African governments.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 385-400
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000295503
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:385-400
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Omeje
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Omeje
Title: The state, conflict & evolving politics in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Abstract:
The prime concern by the Nigerian state in the management of the oil
conflicts in the Niger Delta has been to maximise oil revenues. What is
probably most confounding about this strategy is the evolving tendency to
twist and treat every conflict in the Niger Delta, including some episodic
‘epi-oil’ conflicts abetted or orchestrated by the state
itself, as oil conflicts. In other words, there is a tendency on the part
of the state to wittingly ‘oilify’ some apparently extra-oil
conflicts. Compared to other regimes before it, the present civilian
administration has probably contributed most to the fast-tracking of this
evolving phenomenon. This article unravels and analyses the evolving
politics of oilification of extra-oil conflicts in the Niger Delta, its
underlying rationale and consequences. Oilification, as the study
demonstrates, is yet another in the series of dangerous contradictions
engendered by the Nigerian state. How this and other dangerous
contradictions could possibly be solved is a research conundrum for the
relevant cognoscenti of state-society relations and conflicts in Nigeria.
But would the Nigerian state take on board any useful and promising
solutions materialising from such studies? This is most unlikely in the
present conjuncture given the prevailing configuration of interests in the
state.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 425-440
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:425-440
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Title: Timber Booms, State Busts: The political economy of Liberian timber
Abstract:
This article places the political economy of Liberian timber in the
context of the theory of state failure. It explores the relationship
between private investment, state failure and war, highlighting how
Charles Taylor exploited timber concessions to foreign firms as a proxy
for effective state institutions in Liberia. It examines the reasons why
foreign investment -- particularly in Liberia's timber industry --
prolonged the civil war and destroyed the country's formal economy. And it
challenges the neo-liberal assumption that increased economic activity
provides incentives for rulers to build stable institutions and to provide
security to investors. Neo-liberal prescriptions coupled with a changing
global economy produced no incentive for Charles Taylor, a faction leader
from 1989 and Liberia's president from 1997 until exile in 2003, to
attempt to develop state institutions or to prevent the collapse of the
formal economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 441-456
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295530
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:441-456
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol B. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: US trade with Africa: African growth & opportunity?
Abstract:
This paper analyses the ‘USA Trade and Development Act’
(aka African Growth and Opportunity Act-AGOA) in the context of the WTO
promotion for free trade. First, it briefly reviews ‘free
trade’ relations for the African continent. It then analyses the
trade relations of the US with Africa, as well as the performance of the
US in following its own doctrine of open markets. The core of the paper
addresses the trade agreement itself, discussing the conditionalities for
eligibility for African countries to enlist the agreement, as well as
analysing the provisions for the trade; it gives empirical findings about
the impact of the act in its first years.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 457-474
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295549
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000295549
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:457-474
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Keenan
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan
Title: Terror in the Sahara: the implications of US imperialism for North & West Africa
Abstract:
Whichever way one looks at it, the Sahara has now become an extremely
dangerous place. If one believes all that has been said and written on
events in the Sahara by US and other (notably Algerian) military
intelligence and associated government agencies and the media since early
2003, then the Sahara-Sahel region of Africa has become a front line in
the ‘War on Terror’. If that is the case, the inability of
the security forces to apprehend the key terrorists, notably the GSPC
(Groupe Salafiste pour la Pre´dication et le Combat)
under the leadership of their supposed emir Abderrezak Lamari (aka Amari
Saifi but generally known as El Para after his stint as a
parachutist in the Algerian army), would suggest that the current US
administration and its military, which now has special forces and
‘contractors’ fanned out across the region and whose
intelligence and operational services have the region under more or less
total satellite, air and ground surveillance, is remarkably inept --
something which should no longer surprise us in the light of their
debacles in Afghanistan and Iraq. If, on the other hand, and as now seems
increasingly likely, the Sahara has been made the arena of an elaborate
intelligence deception, then the danger to the local populations and the
security threat presented by the seemingly inevitable
‘blowback’ from this operation to other regions, notably
West Africa, North Africa and Europe itself, is probably even greater.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 475-496
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295558
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:475-496
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Matthews
Author-X-Name-First: Sally
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews
Title: Investigating NEPAD's Development Assumptions
Abstract:
The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) proposes a
new strategy to bring about the development of the African continent. In
order to assess NEPAD, it is necessary to reveal what NEPAD takes
development to be. This article suggests that development, however it is
understood, includes three aspects: a characterisation of the current
situation which shows this situation to be undesirable, the envisaging of
a desirable future, and the positing of a strategy that should be followed
in order to bring about the desirable future. The article assesses NEPAD
by examining the assumptions it makes with regard to these three aspects
of development; and through such an examination reveals NEPAD to be an
ambiguous and unimaginative project. While Africans thus have reason to
feel discouraged by the emergence of NEPAD, the critical responses to
NEPAD made by African academics and civil society groups are encouraging.
These responses give rise to the hope that the African continent may yet
see the emergence of alternative visions of a better future, and
alternative paths to realise such visions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 497-511
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295567
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000295567
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:497-511
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arrigo Pallotti
Author-X-Name-First: Arrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallotti
Title: SADC: A development community without a development policy?
Abstract:
During the last decade a major shift occurred in the policy strategies of
African sub-regional organisations. Self-reliance and pan-African
solidarity have been replaced by trade liberalisation as the primary aim
of inter-state economic cooperation in sub-Saharan Africa. This article
analyses the economic strategy pursued by the Southern African Development
Community (SADC) during the 1990s. After reviewing the theoretical and
political ambiguities surrounding the creation of SADC in 1992, the
article examines the main political issues raised by the implementation of
the SADC Trade Protocol and questions the neo-liberal approach that
underlies the new industrial strategy now under discussion within the
SADC. The analysis of contemporary trade and investment trends in Southern
Africa highlights the increasing economic polarisation among the countries
of the region and raises serious questions on the regional development
potential of the market-driven integration promoted by the SADC.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 513-531
Issue: 101
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000295576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000295576
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:101:p:513-531
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Author-Name: Rita Abrahamsen
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahamsen
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Agendas, past & future
Abstract:
This issue marks the 30th anniversary of the birth of The Review of
African Political Economy in 1974. At the time, its founders were unsure
if it would get off the ground and they certainly never thought it would
last thirty years! Apart from debate about what its role would be, there
were doubts about their own stamina, and about whether successor
generations would emerge to take it on. The challenge was set out by
Anderson in relation to another Left Review: …political journals have no choice:
to be true to themselves, they must aim to extend their real life beyond
the conditions or generations that gave rise to them (Anderson, New Left
Review, 2000).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 557-569
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327741
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327741
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Political economies & the study of Africa: Critical considerations
Abstract:
This paper is a revised version of a keynote address to the
Review of African Political Economy Conference in
Birmingham on 5 September 2003. It situates the contributions of the
Review of African Political Economy to understanding
Africa in relation to the defining texts of political economy and economic
science and of political domination. It rejects culturalist, rationalist
and causal explanations of African societies in favour of historical
analyses. It argues for the importance of studies of Africa for the
historical and social sciences. It considers the conditions necessary to
create and sustain democratic citizenship. It questions the idea of
‘development’ and argues for the need to examine
‘really-existing policies’. It follows Max Weber in
contrasting the conflicting responsibilities of political action and
scientific enquiry.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 571-583
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327750
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327750
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:102:p:571-583
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William G. Martin
Author-X-Name-First: William G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: Beyond Bush: The future of popular movements & US Africa policy*
Abstract:
This article reviews US policy towards Africa, arguing that continuity
over the past four administrations far outweighs differences between
presidential candidate Senator Kerry and President George Bush. If Kerry
were to win the Presidential elections in November, this would not lead to
any radical change in US-Africa relations. What is new over the longer
term, and is posed so starkly by Bush's unilateralist and militarised
actions, is the relentless development of a post-liberal world order and
policy agenda. Opposition to this agenda by progressive movements and
organisations focused upon such issues as debt cancellation,
privatisation, and public health has already born fruit in Africa and
elsewhere. The successes, failures, and contradictions of these new
campaigns and organisations reflect the post-liberal conditions they work
under, and are thus significantly different from the solidarity struggles
of the past. The assistance of Jim Cason was invaluable in
constructing this essay, for which the author is very grateful.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 585-597
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327769
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Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Title: The ANC's ‘Left Turn’ & South African sub-imperialism
Abstract:
The South African government is widely considered to play a progressive
role in Africa and the world. Indeed, there was an expectation after the
2004 election that Pretoria would be part of a global backlash against
neoliberalism. However, the radical rhetoric often emanating from Pretoria
these days barely disguises its post-apartheid record of promoting of
strategies which promote global integration. These include the New
Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD); ‘normalised’
bilateral military relations with the Pentagon and geopolitical alliances
with Washington across Africa; trade liberalisation; collaboration with
Western financial power and facilitation of transnational capital in
Africa; and opposition to demands for reparations for the West's
apartheid-era profits. While some academic commentators have not yet
grasped the essential nature of this policy direction, activists in the
African Social Forum networks have periodically demanded the adoption of
alternative strategies. Their vision is grounded in values of social
justice and international solidarity; Pretoria's appears to be merely
sub-imperialist.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 599-616
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327778
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327778
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:102:p:599-616
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: AIDS as a crisis in social reproduction
Abstract:
Using the conceptual framework of social reproduction as a way of
reassessing the AIDS crisis in Africa, this paper finds contradictory
tendencies: a devastating impact on agricultural modes of livelihood which
sustain the majority and which enable workers to present themselves as
cheap labour, but also a crisis for the reproduction of capital as its
supply of such labour is depleted. The impact on and response to the
epidemic by the state is explored as well as its reflection of marked
gender and class inequalities. Conversely the impetus to certain fractions
of capital which benefit from AIDS and the confrontation of the state and
pharmaceutical companies by an emergent populist movement demanding the
right to treatment, exposes the extent to which transformation rather than
simple reproduction is in evidence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 631-638
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327787
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: HIV/AIDS in Africa: Links, livelihoods & legacies
Abstract:
Of the significance of HIV/AIDS at household, village and community level
throughout Africa there can be no doubt. By 2002, the cumulative number of
deaths from the disease in Africa had been estimated to be of the order of
19 million (calculated from Barnet & Whiteside, table 1.1 and UNAIDSa),
almost 30 million Africans were estimated to be HIV positive, and by 2010
some 6 million of the then total deaths will have been in South Africa
alone (Lewis, 2004). Although it is impossible to be precise, such figures
considerably exceed those of around 11 million often (conservatively)
estimated to have been transported during the entire period of the
Atlantic slave trade (Austin, 1987). As with slavery, HIV/AIDS also
primarily claims adult victims where the impact on economic production is
greatest - another recent estimate is that between 1985 and 2020 over 20%
of adult farm workers in the nine hardest hit African countries will have
lost their lives because of AIDS (UNFAO, 2004a). While the impact is
likely to be similar in many respects, two obvious differences from
slavery are that the perpetrator is less easy to identify and moral
judgements more readily confused, producing many examples of politically
loaded policy decisions and value-laden interventions. Moreover, debates
about ‘being faithful’ to one partner, possibly in marriage,
and postponing teenage sex are institutional camouflage over the fact that
a primary means of transfer of this disease in Africa has been through a
physical activity as natural as eating and drinking, and which often
involves great emotional and affectionate intimacy between two people. It
can also of course be a violently imposed act by men on women and girls.
In either case, there is the heightened pathos of human tragedy to which
we as commentators should not lose our sensitivity and potential for
empathy as a result of excessive intellectualising.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 639-648
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327796
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:102:p:639-648
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lloyd M. Sachikonye
Author-X-Name-First: Lloyd M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sachikonye
Title: Solidarity & Africa in the new century
Abstract:
Solidarity is an
awareness of a common humanity and global citizenship and the voluntary
acceptance of the responsibilities that go with it. It is the conscious
commitment to redress inequalities both within and between countries. It
is based on recognition that in an interdependent world, poverty or
oppression anywhere is a threat to prosperity and stability
everywhere… -super-1 The second
half of the 20th century witnessed the most sustained upsurge in the
process of national liberation and independence in the developing or
‘Third’ world. This upsurge reached a climax in the
attainment of national liberation in such diverse countries as Vietnam in
1975, the Lusophone states also in the 1970s, in Africa, and in Zimbabwe
in 1980. The transition to independence and democracy in Namibia and South
Africa in the 1990s represented a fitting climax of this liberation and
de-colonisation process. The last quarter of the century was similarly
momentous in that it witnessed the flowering of the international
solidarity movement. The struggles against United States imperialism in
Vietnam and elsewhere in the world, and against apartheid in Southern
Africa and Portuguese fascism took on a special resonance during this
period.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 649-656
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327804
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:102:p:649-656
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Burawoy 1
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Burawoy 1
Title: From liberation to reconstruction: Theory & practice in the life of Harold Wolpe*
Abstract:
Writings from exile have a long and distinguished pedigree. Trotsky wrote
his History of the Russian Revolution while in exile in Turkey and The
Revolution Betrayedin Norway; Lenin wrote Imperialism: The Highest Stage
of Capitalism in Zurich and had to escape to Finland to write State and
Revolution; Luxemburg wrote The Accumulation of Capitalin Switzerland, and
Gramsci wrote his Prison Notebooksunder the eye of fascist jail guards.
Marx wrote his Capital while exiled in London which is also where Harold
Wolpe wrote his most important analyses of South Africa. Being in exile
gave him the space to develop a new research program for the study of
South Africa, its present, its past, and its future. This is
a shortened version of The Harold Wolpe Memorial Lecture, presented in
July 2004 in South Africa. Among the ideas on which it reflects are those
Wolpe originally published in ROAPE and which this issue revisits. It is
not only a tribute to Wolpe's singular contribution to the African
liberation struggle but also an acute reflection of the struggles for
liberation and reconstruction that lie ahead, the political practice they
demand, the uses of state power required for these tasks and the
obligations of intellectual responsibility they impose. See,
http://www.wolpetrust.org.za/index.htm
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 657-675
Issue: 102
Volume: 31
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0305624042000327813
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0305624042000327813
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:31:y:2004:i:102:p:657-675
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Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Imperialism & African Social Formations
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 5-7
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500120943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500120943
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Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Class & protest in Africa: New waves
Abstract:
This article considers the relationship between working class struggle
and popular protest in Africa over the last 40 years. We argue that the
form and content of class relations which developed in the period of
nationalist struggle and early ‘national development’ have
been fundamentally restructured by the process of globalisation. From the
late 1970s, a great wave of widespread popular protest and resistance was
noted around the world, including Africa (Parfitt & Riley, 1994; Walton
and Seddon, 1994). The strikes, marches, demonstrations and riots that
characterised this wave of protest and resistance (often termed
‘bread riots’ or ‘IMF riots’) usually involved
a variety of social groups and categories and did not always take place
under a working class or trade union banner or with working class
leadership -- if this term is used in its narrow sense. A broader array of
popular forces did, however, challenge not only the immediate austerity
measures introduced as part of structural adjustment and ‘economic
reform’, but also the legitimacy of the reforms themselves and
even, sometimes, the governments that introduced them. They also
frequently identified the international financial institutions and
agencies that led this concerted effort to further enmesh ‘the
developing world’ and the ordinary people who live there, into the
uneven process of capitalist globalisation in the interests of major
transnational corporations and the states that gain most from their
operations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 9-27
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500120976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500120976
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miles Larmer
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Larmer
Title: Reaction & Resistance to Neo-liberalism in Zambia
Abstract:
This paper explores the current Zambian discourse around neo-liberal
economic polices, in particular its expression in a trade union-led
campaign against the privatisation of the Zambian National Commercial Bank
(ZNCB). It locates the origin of these protests in the impact of economic
liberalisation programmes implemented by the ruling Movement for
Multi-Party Democracy (MMD) since 1991. The paper studies the
privatisation of the economically strategic copper mining industry and,
taking as a case study the mining town of Luanshya, explores the linkages
between a secretive and corrupt privatisation process, and its human
consequences for mineworkers, their families and communities. It finds
that the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) sought to implement
privatisation regardless of legal requirements, social consequences, and
the future sustainability of the mining industry. It surveys the
development of opposition to privatisation amongst civil society
organisations, particularly trade unions, and seeks to identify emerging
Zambian alternatives to neo-liberalism, including new models of popular
control of strategic economic resources, and a renewed authoritarian
nationalism that feeds on popular resentment of the effects of neo-liberal
policies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 29-45
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500120992
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500120992
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Author-Name: Suzanne Dansereau
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Dansereau
Title: Win-win or new imperialism? Public-private partnerships in Africa mining
Abstract:
One of the most significant elements of globalisation is the way in which
the reshaping of the public-private divide is transforming the
relationship between state and economy. In industrialised economies, there
is a growing commodification and privatisation of public services,
undertaken through the establishment of public private partnerships. State
policy is becoming increasingly ‘market-driven’, managing
national politics in such a way as to adapt to the pressures of
transnational market forces (Leys, 2001). In developing economies,
structural adjustment has removed the state as the principal agent of
development, while private agencies are playing an increasingly public
role as they engage in public service delivery. These include non-profit
organisations (churches and NGOs) and for-profit caregiving and
educational institutions (van Rooy & Robinson, 1998). In the political
arena, the discourse over donor-defined democratisation has also meant a
larger political role for a differentiated set of private agents, in the
name of civil society participation, prompting Schmitz & Hutchful (1992)
to call this a recipe for ‘free markets and free votes’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 47-62
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500121024
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500121024
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:103:p:47-62
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jock McCulloch
Author-X-Name-First: Jock
Author-X-Name-Last: McCulloch
Title: Beating the odds: The quest for justice by South African asbestos mining communities1
Abstract:
In March 2003 a small community group, ‘The Concerned People
Against Asbestos (CPA)’ based at Prieska in the Northern Cape, won
a court case in a foreign country. That case may change the way in which
multinational corporations behave in the developing world. Until now the
hidden costs of mining in Southern Africa have been paid for by labour.
The CPA's victory may also help to end that injustice. It is usual to
depict communities like Prieska as dis-empowered and impoverished. Despite
its lack of resources the CPA was able to synchronise an elaborate game of
small and big politics. The group's victory suggests that such communities
have levels of political and organisation skill which given the right
alignments can be irresistible.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 63-77
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500121057
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500121057
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:103:p:63-77
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Van Acker
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Acker
Title: Where did all the land go? Enclosure & social struggle in Kivu (D.R.Congo)
Abstract:
Kivu's traditional patrimonial system revolved around the distribution of
access rights to communally held land in return for rents that were
redistributed through the system. The social capital embedded in this
institutional framework was a public good. The introduction of a
‘modern’ land law in 1973 destroyed the social cohesion of
that patrimonial system; it sanctioned efforts to capitalise and
appropriate the full value of these rents. At the time of the law's
introduction, market mechanisms for factor markets including land, were
not developed, so they had to be simulated. The core of this simulation
consisted of exchanging social capital, built up in networks that involved
political power-holders and state administrators, for assets. The social
capital embedded in these networks was a ‘club good’ rather
than a public good; both are non-rival in nature, but with a club good,
unlike public goods, exclusion is workable. Its effect was therefore
marginalisation and dispossession of those not belonging to the
‘club’, and the erosion of the existing social capital tied
up in the traditional institutional framework by breaking the patterns of
reciprocity and assurance featured in it. This evolution has contributed
to a change of social structure and a crisis of legitimacy that increased
social tensions and the potential for conflict. The customary leadership
was able to cling to their positions by mobilising their clientele on an
ethnic platform, conveniently using the issue of nationality:
‘foreigners’, especially the Banyarwanda and Banyamulenge,
were accused of having unrightfully appropriated customary land and of
having subverted the customary order.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 79-98
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500120984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500120984
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:103:p:79-98
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Author-Name: John Young
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: Sudan: a flawed peace process leading to a flawed peace
Abstract:
Peace is more than the
cessation of military hostilities, more than simple political stability.
Peace is the presence of justice and peace building entails addressing
factors and forces that stand as impediments to the realisation of all
human rights.1 The hopes and aspirations of the
Sudanese people hang on the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development
(IGAD)2 peace process and there are increasing doubts whether it can
deliver lasting peace, much less democracy and justice. It is too early to
give up on the process, but not too late to analyse and critique it, in
the hope that this will encourage debate and stimulate the Sudanese to
take control of the process from self-proclaimed leaders and an
‘international community’ which has not encouraged broad
participation. This is all the more important because there is every
indication that the flaws discussed below will be repeated in trying to
resolve the conflict in Darfur. The following points are articulated in
the pages that follow: (1) most Sudanese in both the north and south have
been denied access to the IGAD peace process; (2) this process has been
dominated by a handful of Western states led by the US which have injected
their own interests into the process; (3) democracy and justice do not
figure highly among their concerns; (4) the peace protocols that have been
signed do not adequately address fundamental issues of power sharing,
equity, and human rights; (5) the security agreements reached thus far,
and the instruments they establish, lack accountability, transparency and
professionalism; and (6) given the weaknesses of the peace process, the
belligerents are indicating by their actions, if not their words, that
they are not discounting the possibility of returning to war.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 99-113
Issue: 103
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500121008
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500121008
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:103:p:99-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-WiIlliams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-WiIlliams
Title: Oiling the wheels of imperialism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 213-214
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329080
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329080
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:213-214
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Jacoby
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacoby
Title: Cultural determinism, Western hegemony & the efficacy of defective states
Abstract:
This paper argues that the notion of a defective state, including those
designated as ‘weak’, ‘failed’ or
‘collapsed’, has a number of obvious advantages for the
West. First and most obviously, it offers an explanation for the faults of
the state in question that does not implicate outside forces. Second, it
justifies external action to intervene in the internal affairs of domestic
regimes and, finally, it implies that such action can only reliably remove
the inherent threat posed by defective states if intervention produces a
project of political transformation. This suggests three questions (which
make up the focus of the paper as a whole). First, if outside forces are
not to blame, what is there within defective states that explains their
failings? Second, what form should an external response to these problems
take and, third, what sort of political transformation should that
external response seek to enact within the target state?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 215-233
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329106
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:215-233
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandra T. Barnes
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes
Title: Global flows: Terror, oil & strategic philanthropy
Abstract:
US involvement in Africa is growing following threats of terrorism and
interruptions in oil production and because of desires by foreign
corporations to expand their activities on the continent. The response of
American policymakers has been to establish a stronger military presence
that will engage in counterterrorism initiatives and police oil
installations. The goals and extent of this buildup, and the ideology
legitimating it, are new. They are departures from Cold War policies.
Similarly, the response of American business leaders to weaknesses in the
infrastructure and political order of African states leads them to
establish their own forms of community development, known as strategic
philanthropy, in order to protect and expand local markets. Despite these
major developments, the media are not informing the public. This article
examines the implications of these military and business initiatives for
African nations and the reasons for lack of information about them. Editor's Note: This article was delivered as the presidential
address to the African Studies Association, New Orleans, 12 November 2004.
It first appeared in the African Studies Review, Vol. 47,
No. 5, April 2005:1--22, the principal scholarly journal of that
Association. On the role of the US in Africa, also see Daniel Volman,
‘US Military Involvement in Africa’ and Michel Chossudovsky,
‘New Undeclared Arms Race: America's Agenda for Global Military
Domination’ in ROAPE 103, March 2005.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 235-252
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329148
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:235-252
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Author-Name: Lars Buur
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Buur
Title: Sovereignty & democratic exclusion in the new South Africa
Abstract:
In this essay I will outline the contours of the attempt by the ANC
government to reorder state-civil society relations. This will be done by
delineating the form of civil society participation that the government
has promulgated in the field of justice enforcement in order to
‘tame’ or direct the uncontrolled aspects and forces of
self-organisation emanating from the struggle against apartheid known as
‘people’s power’. The article will argue that the
establishment of institutions like the Community Policing Forums (CPF)
were created to harbour and give direction to these forces rests on and
allows for a particular type of democratic citizenship or normative
ethical being, while excluding other types of political-ethical being. The
essay illustrates how past ideas about friends and enemies of the ANC are
used as the interpretive lens to decode opposition to the CPF.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 253-268
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329205
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329205
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:253-268
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Author-Name: Steven Kyle
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyle
Title: The political economy of Angolan growth: Social & regional structure
Abstract:
Too often macroeconomic trends and long term growth prospects are
considered in isolation from the very real effect of the physical, social
and economic structures. This is particularly so in the case of Angola as
its huge flows of revenue from mineral exports collide with the legacy of
external debt. However, the interaction of the overarching macro trends
with existing political and regional divisions magnifies the difficulties
of resolving either the economic or the political problems that have
prevented progress for several decades. This paper discusses the ways in
which the political divides that have existed for centuries not only
remain important even in the post-colonial era, but interact with
macroeconomic trends to generate a path of growth and development that is
unique to Angola. It is argued that a long term political accommodation
involving a solution to Angola's internal political tensions requires
addressing all of these issues simultaneously since they all contribute to
the current problems and line up precisely the same groups in opposition
to each other. These ‘axes of polarisation’ include coastal
vs. interior, rural vs. urban/industrial, Mbundu/mestiço vs.
Ovimbundu and MPLA vs. UNITA. This discussion proposes a way to overcome
these problems and achieve sustained long-term growth.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 269-293
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329221
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:269-293
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Goodison
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodison
Title: Six months on: What shift is there in the EU approach to EPA negotiations?
Abstract:
With the UK presidency of the EU Council of Ministers pending (July
2005), EU Trade Commissioner Peter Mandelson is coming under increased
pressure to modify the European Commission’s approach to Economic
Partnership Agreement (EPA) negotiations with African, Caribbean and
Pacific (ACP) countries. Criticism and pressure for change is not only
coming from an increasingly vocal and active campaign by non-governmental
development agencies in the UK, Europe and Africa (see http://www.stopepa.org/
for details of the campaign), but also from several more official sources.
These include the Africa Commission established by prime minister Tony
Blair, the inquiry by the House of Commons Select Committee on
International Development into EU-ACP EPA negotiations1 and the joint
position paper adopted by the UK Department of Trade and Industry and
Department for International Development.2 Commissioner Mandelson has
responded to this criticism by modifying and extending the rhetoric on the
centrality of development concerns to the EC’s approach to EPA
negotiations. However it is still unclear to what extent the
Commissioner’s rhetoric is being taken up in practice by EC trade
negotiators and EC aid officials. As the Zambian trade minister, Dipak
Patel, has recently declared:
what Peter has said in his speech to the LSE [London School of
Economics] was excellent, but perhaps his negotiators need to read it more
than we do.3
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 295-308
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329262
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329262
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:295-308
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. H. Khalil Timamy
Author-X-Name-First: M. H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalil Timamy
Title: Debate
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 383-393
Issue: 104-105
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500329270
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500329270
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:104-105:p:383-393
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-williams
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Africa from SAPs to PRSP: Plus ca change plus C'est la Meme Chose
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 501-503
Issue: 106
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500466957
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500466957
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:106:p:501-503
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Musambayi Katumanga
Author-X-Name-First: Musambayi
Author-X-Name-Last: Katumanga
Title: A city under Siege: Banditry & modes of accumulation in Nairobi, 1991-2004
Abstract:
This is a study of the impact of political and economic liberalisation on
modes of socio-economic engagement and accumulation in Kenya's capital
city, Nairobi, subsequent to the introduction of multiparty
‘democracy’ in 1992.1 On the one hand economic
liberalisation led to a diminished state-provisioning capacity and
unwillingness to protect public interests. On the other hand, political
conditionalities opened up political space but also spawned anomic
tendencies within the regime and among social groups and individuals, with
struggles in defence of economic position against each other at one level,
and against the state and local councils at another. This account focuses
on the political economy underlying the resultant urban banditry in
Nairobi. It seeks to demonstrate how a besieged regime facilitates the
criminalisation of urban existence in a bid to ensure its survival. The
argument here is that beleaguered regimes survive through a twin strategy.
They privatise public violence and appropriate private violence. The net
effect is the perversion of social order and the emergence of bandit
economies. Regime longevity may derive not only from lack of an
alternative leadership and organising ideology, but also from the threat
to perceived benefits accruing from such informal economies. The ruling
elite responds to the possibility of losing power by using neo-patrimonial
structures to selectively allocate public spaces to their cronies, thereby
subverting social order and undermining democratisation, security and
social harmony; this in turn spawns urban banditry. Urban banditry here
denotes the unregulated deployment of instruments of coercion by ruling
elite and various elements within the citizenry in bids to facilitate
acquisition of economic benefits and political leverage.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 505-520
Issue: 106
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500466981
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500466981
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:106:p:505-520
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Manzo
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Manzo
Title: Modern slavery, global capitalism & deproletarianisation in West Africa
Abstract:
This paper explores the concept of ‘new’ or modern slavery
in the wake of media reports of widespread child slavery on cocoa
plantations in Côte d'Ivoire (the RCI). The first part defines
slavery as unpaid forced labour, identifies the defining feature of modern
slavery as the shift in the master-slave relation from legal ownership to
illegal control, and then draws on a range of secondary sources to show
that child slavery does exist in the Côte d'Ivoire even if numbers
are contested. The many thousands of child slaves apparently trafficked
from Mali make this a West African (and not simply Ivorian) phenomenon.
The aspects of global capitalist development used in part two to explain
the Ivorian situation, namely deproletarianisation and the costs of
adjustment are also wider processes not unique to one country. The focus
on the RCI as a case study is therefore intended as a stimulus to further
questions and broader research into the relationship between capitalism
and modern slavery in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 521-534
Issue: 106
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500467013
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500467013
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:106:p:521-534
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Young
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: John Garang's legacy to the peace process, the SPLM/A & the south
Abstract:
The death of Dr. John Garang, First Vice President of Sudan, President of
Southern Sudan, and Chairman of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/
Army (SPLM/A) in a helicopter crash on 30 July, and the riots that
followed, produced doubts about the viability of the 9 January 2005
Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and the prospects of peace processes
underway elsewhere in the country. On the surface, this is not surprising
because Garang had been the leader of the SPLM/A since its founding in
1983 and for many in Sudan and abroad he virtually personified the
struggle of the south. Garang was also the unchallenged focal point during
the various peace processes, in particular during the final phase of the
Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) negotiations which were
largely reduced to then First Vice President Ali Osman Taha and himself.
And more than anyone else on either side of the table, Garang was the
biggest beneficiary of the peace process which granted him a virtual
hegemonic position in the south and the holding of a strong vice
presidency nationally.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 535-548
Issue: 106
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500467039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500467039
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:106:p:535-548
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Holtom
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: Holtom
Title: Reconsidering the power of the IFIs: Tanzania & the world bank, 1978-1985
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 549-568
Issue: 106
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500467054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500467054
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:106:p:549-568
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Willett
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Willett
Title: New Barbarians at the Gate: Losing the liberal peace in Africa
Abstract:
Within contemporary liberal peace discourse, poverty and underdevelopment
are being constructed as ‘new threats’ that feed conflict
and terrorism. This perception has encouraged a growing convergence
between the security and development policies of the major donors.
However, in Africa, where the need to simultaneously tackle conflict and
underdevelopment is most pressing, the global institutions have failed to
acknowledge that the neo-liberal policies that they pursue have been
instrumental in structuring the domestic political and economic tensions
that have contributed to violent conflict. Moreover, the current
preoccupation with the war on terror has encouraged the co-option of
development resources for security functions resulting in the incremental
securitisation of development policies. Regardless of its expanding base
and the process of mission creep, the liberal peace complex has failed to
secure sustainable peace in Africa. Into the vacuum created by failure,
the ‘new barbarian’ agenda that underpins the ‘war on
terror’ has surreptitiously moved, expanding its reach and its wake
of pillage and destruction.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 569-594
Issue: 106
Volume: 32
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240500467062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240500467062
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:32:y:2005:i:106:p:569-594
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: State, class & civil society in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 5-9
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671142
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671142
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:5-9
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Branch
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Branch
Author-Name: Nicholas Cheeseman
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheeseman
Title: The politics of control in Kenya: Understanding the bureaucratic-executive state, 1952--78
Abstract:
Colonial rule in Kenya witnessed the emergence of a profoundly unbalanced
institutional landscape. With all capacity resided in a strong prefectural
provincial administration, political parties remained underdeveloped. The
co-option of sympathetic African elites during the colonial twilight into
the bureaucracy, the legislature and the private property-based economy
meant that the allies of colonialism and representatives of transnational
capital were able to reap the benefits of independence. In the late
colonial period these elites not only attained the means of production,
they also assumed the political and institutional capacity to reproduce
their dominance. The post-colonial state must therefore be seen as a
representation of the interests protected and promoted during the latter
years of colonial rule. Under Jomo Kenyatta, the post-colonial state
represented a ‘pact-of-domination’ between transnational
capital, the elite and the executive. The ability of this coalition to
reproduce itself over time lay in its capacity to demobilise popular
forces, especially those elements of the nationalist movement that
questioned both the social and economic cleavages of the post-colonial
state. Whilst Kenya may have experienced changes to both the executive and
legislature, the structure of the state itself has demonstrated remarkable
continuity.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-31
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671183
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671183
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:11-31
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miatta Fahnbulleh
Author-X-Name-First: Miatta
Author-X-Name-Last: Fahnbulleh
Title: In search of economic development in Kenya: Colonial legacies & post-independence realities
Abstract:
The post-colonial period in Africa saw nationalist aspirations for
development entangled with the quest for industrialisation. However, the
national experiences of industrial and economic development in this era
have been marked by varying degrees of disappointment. Kenya, like much of
Africa, has failed to engender the levels of industrial growth and
subsequent levels of development to which it aspired. Much of the
explanations for Africa's disappointing record of industrial development
have focused on two central factors: the structural constraints on
industrial development and the policies that were pursued. In many ways,
these factors are inherently linked to a colonial legacy. Africa's
disappointing record of industrial and economic development cannot be
divorced from its historical context. It is thus necessary to consider the
extent to which the structures that were in place at the end of
colonialism predetermined the pattern of development that would emerge in
the post-independence era. When evaluating the post-independence
experience of industrial development, two specific colonial legacies stand
out as decisive: ‘colonial under-development’ and the
‘policy inheritance’. This article argues that although
these legacies were profound, it was ultimately the dynamics of
post-independence realities that determined the path of development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 33-47
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671258
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671258
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:33-47
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabrielle Lynch
Author-X-Name-First: Gabrielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch
Title: Negotiating Ethnicity: Identity politics in contemporary Kenya-super-1
Abstract:
Ethnic identities are best understood as complex and contested social
constructs, perpetually in the process of creation (c.f. Berman, 1998). It
is with the perpetual processes of evolution, devolution, change and
conformity of ethnic identities, often perceived to be cultural givens,
that this paper concerns itself. Ethnicity is a politically relevant
signifier in contemporary Kenya, and drawing on evidence from Kenya's Rift
Valley Province and Western Province, the paper looks at the ways in which
‘modern’ Kenyans can, and do, contest, revive, create,
negotiate and renegotiate their ethnic identity. The paper reveals how
ethnic communities can both contract and/or expand, and how individual
actors and groups can draw on selective memories and histories to justify
their ‘migration’ from one community to another; while the
relevant content of ethnic units is open to both debate and contestation.
The paper provides detailed evidence of the fact and nature of ethnic
construction, deconstruction and creation in the Kenyan postcolony and
reveals how processes of ethnic negotiation and renegotiation are
ultimately fuelled by the desire to stake claims to, and access resources
controlled by the Kenyan state and external agents. Ultimately, the
negotiation and renegotiation of ethnicity is inexorably intertwined with
common perceptions of how political representation and redistribution
actually works in Kenya, and with the perceived opportunities for
advancement in both domestic and/or international arenas and forums.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 49-65
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671282
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:49-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amrik Heyer
Author-X-Name-First: Amrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Heyer
Title: The gender of wealth: markets & power in Central Kenya
Abstract:
It is illegal to uproot coffee. But nowadays in the farmsteads of
Murang'a district, at the heart of the coffee producing belt of Central
Kenya, one can see many crops other than coffee growing between the coffee
bushes, while coffee itself remains untended. In particular, the dark
green with which coffee has painted the hillsides is now broken by light
feathery leaves of banana trees. Coffee is the crop of men, but bananas,
as a food crop, are the crop of women. Bananas grow best in coffee
producing areas and their increasing importance is now a major challenge
to coffee. So much so, that, despite their association with women, men are
now moving into the banana market, and in the process, transforming
relationships between gender, wealth and power in rural Kenya.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 67-80
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:67-80
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oscar Gakuo Mwangi
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar
Author-X-Name-Last: Gakuo Mwangi
Title: Kenya: Conflict in the ‘Badlands’: The Turbi massacre in Marsabit district
Abstract:
Before dawn on 12 July 2005, about 1,000 heavily armed bandits made a
series of raids in the Didigalgalo-Turbi area some 130 kilometres from
Marsabit Town. At least 53 people, including 21 primary school children,
were killed. The bandits left a trail of destruction at the trading centre
and Turbi boarding primary school and burned to the ground the nearby
group of dwellings. Area residents narrated how the armed raiders
surrounded them and went for the primary school where Class Eight pupils
had gone for their morning preps. They recounted how nine pupils from the
primary school were sprayed with bullets in cold blood as they huddled
together on the dusty floor of the houses where they had sought refuge. An
elderly woman residing in one of the two houses was also killed. Others
were hacked to death by panga-wielding raiders whose intentions appear to
have been aimed at massacring the entire village. An infant had his head
smashed on a rock. More than 100 people were badly injured some and were
rushed to hospital in Marsabit Town by traders.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 81-91
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671324
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671324
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:81-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: Class relations: AIDS & socioeconomic privilege in Africa
Abstract:
A critical consideration of the way social class is defined in studies of
HIV/ AIDS in Africa exposes the inadequacies of ‘indexical’
accounts in which class is reduced to a statistical category (the
predominant mode of analysis in epidemiological research). It compares
this to relational accounts which view class as a set of dynamic
interactions between groups struggling to assert or defend social
positions relating to livelihoods. Arguing that class relations frame both
the transmission and the response to the AIDS epidemic in Africa, it looks
at the evidence which can be drawn from both indexical and relational
accounts of the particular significance of class in this situation, noting
its crucial intersection with gender relations and taking Tanzania as its
key case. This paper was originally presented to the
African Studies Association Biennial conference: Goldsmiths College,
University of London: 13-15 September 2004.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 113-129
Issue: 107
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600671373
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600671373
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:107:p:113-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Jeremy Keenan
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan
Title: North Africa: Power, politics & promise
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 175-184
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842586
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:175-184
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Béatrice Hibou
Author-X-Name-First: Béatrice
Author-X-Name-Last: Hibou
Title: Domination & control in Tunisia: Economic levers for the exercise of authoritarian power
Abstract:
This article analyses the exercise of power in Tunisia. It does so by
offering an explanation that differs from standard studies of
authoritarianism, which generally focus on classifications, definitions,
and terminological questions, and view power as something that can be
possessed and thereby used. In contrast, the analysis here argues from two
traditions within historical sociology; Weber's political economy and
Foucault's analysis of the exercise of power, in order to demonstrate that
techniques of domination are embedded in the most everyday economic
mechanisms such as in the tax system, solidarity practices and the
industrial mise à niveau. These practices serve both to advance the
‘economic miracle’ and simultaneously function as techniques
of coercion and repression. An analysis of ‘privatisation of the
state’ is then used to illustrate one mode of government and its
attendant forms of domination. Contrôle et domination en Tunisie: les
modalités économiques de l'exercice d'un pouvoir autoritaire A partir
d'une critique des analyses dominantes de la relation entre «régime
autoritaire» et «miracle économique» en Tunisie, cet
article entend proposer une lecture originale des relations de pouvoir et
des modes de gouvernement en faisant émerger les mécanismes d'exercice du
pouvoir et les bases socio-économiques sur lesquelles il repose. A la
croisée de deux traditions intellectuelles de la sociologie historique de
l'Etat -- l'économie politique wébérienne et l'analyse foucaldienne de
l'exercice du pouvoir et de la domination -- Béatrice Hibou suggère,
d'une part, que les rouages économiques fondent aussi les relations de
pouvoir qui autorisent la domination, et parfois la répression et, de
l'autre, que ces pratiques peuvent tout aussi bien servir la coercition
que permettre au miracle de se réaliser. Pour mettre en évidence ces
ambivalences et l'incomplétude des logiques d'action, l'auteur entre dans
le détail des pratiques économiques quotidiennes. La fiscalité, la mise
à niveau et les négociations continues entre entrepreneurs et
autorités politiques et administratives constituent un premier champ
d'analyse: elles montrent la réalité de la contrainte, mais aussi bien des
arrangements, des accommodements et même de l'adhésion. Cette
dernière est en partie rendue possible par la prégnance du mythe
réformiste, mythe partagé par tous, en partie par les avantages que les
uns et les autres en retirent. L'analyse de la «privatisation de
l'Etat» -- notamment dans sa modalité originale du 26.26, ce
système de «dons» contraints et obligatoires -- constitue
un second temps de la démonstration. En Tunisie, les modalités indirectes
et privées de gouvernement ne sont pas contradictoires, ni incompatibles
avec la tradition dirigiste et l'interventionnisme incessant. Elles
doivent plutôt être analysées comme des techniques
complémentaires dans l'art de gouverner, qui autorisent l'exercice d'une
punition et d'une gratification, mais assurent également une sécurité
économique et sociale. Elles participent du paternalisme et du
contrôle social, et permettent simultanément contrôle et
ascension sociale, surveillance et création de richesse. C'est pour cela
aussi qu'il ne s'agit fondamentalement pas de répression et que si
domination il y a, elle est souvent acceptée.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 185-206
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842628
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:185-206
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lahouari Addi
Author-X-Name-First: Lahouari
Author-X-Name-Last: Addi
Title: The political contradictions of Algerian economic reforms
Abstract:
From the outset, independent Algeria's political economy was marked by a
paradox, for which it is still, today, paying the price. In 1962, the
State, which is essentially public, was privatised, while commercial
activities, which are essentially private, were made public. That was the
time when revolutionary elites in the Third World thought that faith alone
was enough to develop the country, using the State but without setting up
the institutions guaranteeing free expression for the social groups
organised as parties, trade unions, vested interests in order to
participate in the political process. In the Boumedienne-Abdeslam period
(1965-1978), the economic sector of the State was expected to absorb all
commercial activities, from the large-scale steel industry down to the
small local bakery, preventing the different social groups from enjoying
any economic autonomy. Nor were they expected to make any claims on the
political order. The State had set itself the task of satisfying all
social needs through the so-called public sector whose vocation was not to
make any profits, but to serve the public and, as a priority, the most
destitute among the population. Cet article traite des réformes
économiques en Algérie, à l'ordre du jour depuis les années 1980, non
encore réalisées malgré les discours des gouvernements successifs. Visant
formellement à opérer la transition de l'économie administrée vers
l'économie de marché, ces réformes se heurtent à la nature
autoritaire du régime dans lequel des clans puissants utilisent les
institutions de l'Etat pour s'enrichir. Ils s'opposent à la
concurrence et à la mise en place d'un capitalisme manufacturier
productif, préférant la spéculation et le commerce comme seuls modes
d'accumulation. Par ailleurs, l'Etat refuse toujours de se débarrasser du
secteur économique public déficitaire, craignant de faire exploser les
chiffres déjà élevés du chômage. Il préfère continuer
à financer les déficits des entreprises sous sa tutelle et à
distribuer des salaires vidés de leur pouvoir d'achat par des dévaluations
massives, tout en interdisant la liberté syndicale pour empêcher les
travailleurs de s'opposer aux effets de ces dévaluations. L'embellie
financière, suite à l'augmentation spectaculaire des prix
mondiaux des hydrocarbures à partir de 1999, n'est pas mise à
profit pour augmenter les capacités productives du marché national. Un
programme de reconstruction a été lancé, certes nécessaire, mais rien n'a
été prévu pour encourager la production. Au lieu d'exploiter les
formidables ressources financières pour modifier le caractère
rentier de l'économie, le gouvernement a opté pour une politique
distributive qui allège momentanément les effets du chômage et
qui permet à une couche privilégiée de s'approprier une part
importante de la rente énergétique.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 207-217
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842651
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:207-217
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alison Pargeter
Author-X-Name-First: Alison
Author-X-Name-Last: Pargeter
Title: Libya: Reforming the impossible?
Abstract:
The violent protests that broke out in Libya's eastern city of Benghazi
in February 2006 in response to the row over the Danish cartoons of the
Prophet Mohamed came as no big surprise to Libya watchers. Although the
demonstrations were sparked by Italian minister Roberto Calderoli's
declaration that he intended to print t-shirts bearing the cartoons, they
also reflected the simmering discontent and frustration that have long
been building in the country's second city. Indeed, the protests were as
much a means of expressing anger with the situation inside Libya as they
were about the depiction of the Prophet and it wasn't long before
protestors began shouting anti-regime slogans. Although Benghazi has
traditionally been a rebellious region kept deliberately impoverished by
the regime, the frustrations expressed by those in the incident are not
unique to the eastern region. There is a groundswell of anger and
despondency among much of the Libyan population at the regime's apparent
inability or lack of will to improve living conditions and day-to-day life
in the country.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 219-235
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842685
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:219-235
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariz Tadros
Author-X-Name-First: Mariz
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadros
Title: State welfare in Egypt since adjustment: Hegemonic control with a minimalist role
Abstract:
This article argues that Egypt's implementation of an economic reform and
structural adjustment programme since 1991 has not led to a reduction of
its hegemony over certain welfare services. Yet its role in the provision
of free health and educational services has been drastically curtailed.
This is evident if the pre- and post adjustment situations are analysed in
terms of the poor's access to education and health services. The
introduction of cost recovery measures has negatively impacted on the poor
and increased their vulnerability to exploitation by exposing them to a
wide range of ‘hidden’ and informal fees. Further, the
introduction of special policies designed to mitigate the rising costs of
education and health care are not being implemented due to a set of
institutional and political reasons. The consequences of the increasing
privatisation of educational and health services on the poor are examined
by looking at the detail of those living in the densely populated
community of Bulaq el Dakrour in Cairo.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 237-254
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842701
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:237-254
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacob Mundy
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Mundy
Title: Autonomy & Intifadah: New Horizons in Western Saharan Nationalism
Abstract:
The Western Sahara conflict entered its thirtieth year last November.
Celebrated by Moroccans and lamented by Sahrawi nationalists, the
anniversary went largely unnoticed by the international community. Though
it has been on the Security Council's agenda since 1988, Western Sahara
has defied resolution by three successive Secretaries General and Kofi
Annan's former personal envoy, former US Secretary of State James Baker.
It is likely that a fourth Secretary General will take over management of
the conflict next year.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 255-267
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842875
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:255-267
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy H. Keenan
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan
Title: Security & insecurity in North Africa
Abstract:
The article analyses the North African security situation over the last
15 or so years, but especially since the 9/11 attacks on New York and
Washington, which provided the pre-emptive basis for the launch of
Washington's global ‘War on Terror’. The article explains
how and why the US, in collaboration with its lead ally in the region,
Algeria, and with the cognisance of France and other European powers,
duplicitously fabricated a new front in the ‘war on terror’
across the Sahara and Sahel, bringing an entirely new dimension to the
nature and meaning of ‘terrorism’ in North Africa. Far from
furthering political stability, security and democracy, as the Bush
administration has proclaimed, Washington's attempt to establish itself as
the elite power in the region has taken North Africa and most of the Sahel
into a dangerous spiral of increased authoritarianism and repression,
increased regional instability and insecurity, increased popular
resentment of both Washington and the regimes of the region and the
increased threat of militant extremism. The article shows how the US has
not been able to get its own way willy-nilly in the region, but has
instead found itself running up against a whole raft of pressures and
conflicts, many of its own making, which reflect both existing and new
forms of political opposition and organisation. In focusing on labour and
resource issues, especially those connected with oil and gas production,
the article highlights the links between abundant oil, rents and the
aggrandizement of the authoritarian state at the expense of autonomous
civil society. The article concludes by suggesting that the US is unable
to maintain its power and position in North Africa as a result of what is
turning into a classic case of imperial over-reach.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 269-296
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600842974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600842974
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:269-296
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Klare
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Klare
Author-Name: Daniel Volman
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Volman
Title: America, China & the Scramble for Africa's Oil
Abstract:
After decades of Cold War, when Africa was simply viewed as a convenient
pawn on the global chessboard, and a further decade of benign neglect in
the 1990s, the African continent has now become a vital arena of strategic
and geopolitical competition for not only the United States, but also for
China, India, and other new emerging powers. The main reason for this is
quite simple: Africa is the final frontier as far as the world's supplies
of energy are concerned with global competition for both oil and natural
gas (particularly the latter) becoming just as intense -- if not even more
so -- than the former. The factors behind the growing attention to African
energy supplies are well known; so we will only summarise them here.1
World oil production is only just meeting world demand and old fields are
being drained faster than new production can be brought on line. Supplies
will be tight for the foreseeable future, so any new source of supply is
significant. Most importers are also trying to reduce their dependence on
Middle Eastern oil. In the next 10-15 years, most of the new oil entering
the world market is going to be coming from African fields because it is
only in Africa -- and to a lesser extent in the volatile Central Asia
region -- that substantial new fields have been found and brought into
production.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 297-309
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600843048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600843048
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:297-309
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Baldwin-Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Baldwin-Edwards
Title: ‘Between a rock & a hard place’: North Africa as a region of emigration, immigration & transit migration
Abstract:
The prevailing Eurocentric perspective on Mediterranean migration lies
almost exclusively in the security paradigm, focusing upon African illegal
migration to Europe and disregarding the role of migration in the
socio-economic development of the African continent. The older emigration
histories of North African countries are diverse, with Morocco, Tunisia
and Algeria linked to France as a destination country, Libya as an
immigration country, and Egypt linked with other Arab countries for
temporary migration alongside permanent migration to Anglophone countries.
More recent changes include the emergence of southern Europe as
destination countries for all except Libyans, and all of North Africa
turned into transit countries for migrants from sub-Sahara Africa and
Asia. The ‘new migrations’ from and through North Africa are
described, along with known major migration routes and data on
interceptions of illegal migrants by southern European countries. North
African policy responses are also identified, noting especially the
failure of all countries in the region to observe international human
rights standards. Finally, I outline the ‘failed policy’ of
the European Union, which simply continues the securitisation approach
previously pursued by Spain and Italy, neglecting the fundamental
realities of Africa as a new continent of emigration. Furthermore,
European policy promotes the human rights abuses of North Africa with
regard to illegal migrants and asylum-seekers, yet welcomes skilled (as
opposed to semiskilled) African migrants to European territory. Europe
thus guarantees the continuation of African underdevelopment -- seeking to
avoid its negative symptom of mass emigration and asylum-seeking whilst
benefiting from the migration to Europe of skilled African workers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 311-324
Issue: 108
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240600843089
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240600843089
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:108:p:311-324
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Author-Name: Phil O'keefe
Author-X-Name-First: Phil
Author-X-Name-Last: O'keefe
Title: Mainstreaming the African environment in development?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 377-389
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000754
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:377-389
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uwafiokun Idemudia
Author-X-Name-First: Uwafiokun
Author-X-Name-Last: Idemudia
Author-Name: Uwem E. Ite
Author-X-Name-First: Uwem E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ite
Title: Demystifying the Niger Delta conflict: Towards an integrated explanation
Abstract:
The conflict in the Niger Delta region in Nigeria has lasted for more
than a decade, with little or no attempt at an analytical explanation. As
a result, the situation has made effective conflict resolution difficult,
and perpetuated the confusion of fiction over fact. This paper sets out to
correct the shortcomings in existing literature by proffering an
integrated explanation of various factors responsible for the conflict.
The paper concludes that political and economic factors are the root
causes of conflict in the Niger Delta, with environmental and social
factors as the proximate and trigger causes, respectively. Given the
nature of the relationship among the myriad factors responsible for the
conflict, what is required is a comprehensive approach to conflict
resolution that pursues development in the Niger Delta on the basis and
principles of social, economic and environmental sustainability.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 391-406
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000762
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:391-406
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Death
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Death
Title: Resisting (nuclear) power? Environmental regulation in South Africa
Abstract:
This article considers the resistance potential of Environmental Impact
Assessments (EIAs) and their effects upon existing power relationships. It
focuses upon the blocking of Eskom's proposed new test nuclear reactor by
the environmental NGO Earthlife Africa, at Koeberg, South Africa, the site
of Africa's only existing nuclear power plant. This was achieved through
their engagement with, and contestation of, the South African EIA process.
It occurred within a context of a globally uncertain future for the
nuclear industry, and broader questions over the possible role of nuclear
power in sustainable development. Whilst initially appearing as an example
of environmental resistance against a big development project, by
approaching the case through the lens of Michel Foucault's concept of
governmentality the article suggests that Earthlife Africa's challenge
reinforced existing power relationships and legitimised an essentially
pro-development EIA process. This is particularly evident when considering
the relationship between EIAs and established scientific authorities, and
the problematic role of public participation. However, by regarding the
EIA as an example of ‘bearing witness’ some sense of its
resistance potential can be reclaimed. The article concludes by suggesting
that a broader debate on nuclear power in South Africa is desirable, and
that environmental NGOs should seriously consider the degree to which they
accept and participate in the EIA process.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 407-424
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000788
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000788
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:407-424
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lindsay Whitfield
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield
Title: The politics of urban water reform in Ghana1
Abstract:
This article highlights the interaction between the domestic political
system and the aid system in Ghana and the implications of this
interaction for democratic governance. It is illustrated using the example
of urban water reform as a case study of the policymaking process and
captures the complexities of this interaction which the ‘choiceless
democracy’ thesis fails to do. The term ‘aid system’
refers to all aid organisations and their regular operations within a
specific country, where aid organisations include both official bilateral
and multilateral agencies as well as international NGOs. The article
examines the government’s plan for water privatisation and the
public debate and opposition that it continues to generate. The politics
of urban water reform is revealing about the politics of economic reform
more generally. This article is based on a chapter of the
author's doctoral dissertation (Politics, 2005, University of Oxford).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 425-448
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000812
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:425-448
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Convery
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Convery
Title: Lifescapes & governance: The Régulo system in Central Mozambique
Abstract:
In many subsistence economies, local people rely on forest resources to
provide varying levels of goods (Byron, 1997) and continued access to
these resources allows basic needs to be fulfilled (Sen, 1981). The link
between local communities and forest resources is emphasised by Howorth
(1999:17), who argues that it is local people who create landscapes, they
produce nature and it is the people/people relationship in a local place
that is the critical variable. People and places are thus intimately
interconnected. In Central Mozambique, régulos (chiefs) play a pivotal
role in the relationship between people and place. The régulomediates the
relationship between the material world and the spirit world, the present
and the past, and works alongside the curandeiros (traditional healers) to
provide healing and protection from witchcraft. Respect for the primacy of
the régulo is based on people's belief in the ancestors, and in the
legitimacy of the régulo as both’ intermediary between the
community and ancestral spirits, and at the same time as judge’
(Serra, 2001:13).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 449-466
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000846
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000846
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:449-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roland Marchal
Author-X-Name-First: Roland
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchal
Title: Chad/Darfur: How two crises merge
Abstract:
Two recent events seem to indicate that, after three years of turbulence,
the situation in this part of the continent would return to normal.1 The
first event was on 3 May 2006 when Idriss Déby Itno was re-elected as
president of Chad, with over 77 per cent of the votes. The second, two
days later, was the signature of a peace agreement on Darfur in Abuja, the
Nigerian capital. However, our analysis stresses that the crises in Chad
and Darfur are closely related and that the situation will probably
continue to deteriorate. It concludes that such deterioration will occur
unless account is taken of the transnational aspects of these crises,
which are also to be seen in the destabilisation of the Central African
Republic.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 467-482
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000879
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:467-482
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samantha Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Samantha
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: A political ecology of wildlife conservation in Africa
Abstract:
This short review summarises research and key debates in the conservation
and management of wildlife, biodiversity and valued environments in
Africa. It is broadly grounded in a political ecology approach, and
indicates the importance of considering ways in which power and meanings
conferred on the landscape play out in the realm of conservation. The
review highlights the paradigm shift that has occurred in thinking about
African environments and shows how this has shaped approaches to
conservation. It considers factors that influenced the origin of
conservation initiatives in Africa, including the preservation of game for
hunting and the establishment of national parks in the United States. The
shift from an early fortress conservation model to later community
conservation approaches is traced and a summary of the critique of
community conservation with a analysis of the CAMPFIRE programme in
Zimbabwe, is presented. More recently the conservation agenda seems to
have turned towards transfrontier conservation. The conclusion cautions
that despite the weight of critical analyses of community conservation,
its abandonment would be somewhat premature and potentially detrimental to
desirable conservation and development outcomes.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 483-495
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000911
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:483-495
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald Witt
Author-X-Name-First: Harald
Author-X-Name-Last: Witt
Author-Name: Rajeev Patel
Author-X-Name-First: Rajeev
Author-X-Name-Last: Patel
Author-Name: Matthew Schnurr
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnurr
Title: Can the Poor Help GM Crops? Technology, representation & cotton in the Makhathini flats, South Africa
Abstract:
The adoption of Genetically Modified (GM) cotton in South Africa's
Makhathini Flats in 1998 was heralded as a case in which agricultural
biotechnology could benefit smallholder farmers, and a model for the rest
of the continent to follow. Using historical, political economic and
ethnographic data, we find the initial enthusiasm around GM technology to
be misguided. We argue that Makhathini's structured institutional
framework privileges adopters of GM technologies through access to credit
and markets. The adoption of GM cotton is symptomatic not of
farmers’ endorsement of GM technology, but a sign of the profound
lack of choice facing them in the region.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 497-513
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000945
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:497-513
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Ramsamy
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramsamy
Title: The world bank & urban programmes in Zimbabwe: A critical appraisal
Abstract:
The World Bank did not address urban issues for the first twenty-five
years of its existence. However, a variety of political factors propelled
the reluctant institution to address urban poverty in the early 1970s
(Ayres, 1983; Ramsamy, 2006). The majority of the Bank's urban
interventions during the 1970s concentrated on squatter upgrading and
sites-and-services projects. While these programmes did have their
problems, they represent the Bank's first attempt to address directly the
needs of the urban poor, and offer them a framework to legitimise their
rights to shelter and secure land tenure. By the mid-1980s, however, the
Bank moved away from this approach and embraced a perspective that
examined cities in their national macro-economic contexts. The Bank argued
that the role of governments ought to be transformed from that of
‘providers’ of urban services, to that of
‘supporters’ or ‘enablers’ that serve as a
liaison between the private sector and self-help groups (World Bank, 1991,
1993).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 515-523
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601000994
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601000994
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:515-523
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Kibble1
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibble1
Title: Angola: Can the politics of disorder become the politics of democratisation & development?
Abstract:
Postwar Angola seems at first look to be in a triple transition from war
to peace, devastation to reconstruction and from a state/elite patronage
system to democratisation and transparency. In fact it is argued here that
the ‘politics of disorder’ stemming from war suit the
purposes of the Angolan elite whilst it simultaneously proclaims
transition for outside cosmetic purposes. The Angolan elite comprising in
David Sogge's words ‘a constellation of politician-rentiers,
petroleum sector technocrats and military officials’-super-2 can
run the state in their own interest, largely ignoring any demands from the
citizenry given that the accumulation basis and the orientation of the
elite is to the outside. Chinese loans, high oil prices, further oilfield
expansion and the warm alliance with the USA ensure that Angolan civil
society -- despite its efforts -- is unable to adequately counter the
elite's ability to control events. Promised elections -- without a date
having been announced -- are unlikely to change this structural framework.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 525-542
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601001026
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601001026
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:525-542
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Africa: The struggle, intellectual & political, continues…
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 561-576
Issue: 109
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601001117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601001117
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:109:p:561-576
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Religion, Ideology & Conflict in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 619-634
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601118986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601118986
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:619-634
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maia Green
Author-X-Name-First: Maia
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Title: Confronting Categorical Assumptions About the Power of Religion in Africa
Abstract:
This article examines the place of religion in social science accounts of
Africa, particularly as they relate to politics and culture. It explores
the significance of representational continuities across the twentieth
century and across disciplines which present African social life as
religiously determined, and considers the political implications of
African exceptionalism as a mode of analysis and policy rationale.
Finally, the article considers some directions of institutional change in
southern Tanzania and the consequences for understanding religion. This paper is based on a workshop organised by
ROAPE on religion and politics in Africa held at the
University of Leeds in February 2006. Some of the arguments made in the
paper concerning detotalisation and deconversion were developed through
discussions at a workshop on history and anthropology held at the
University of Manchester in November 2005.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 635-650
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119018
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119018
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:635-650
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Richards
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards
Title: An Accidental Sect: How War Made Belief in Sierra Leone
Abstract:
Idealists consider beliefs cause wars. Realists consider wars cause
beliefs. The war in Sierra Leone offers some scope to test between these
two views. The main rebel faction, the Revolutionary United Front (RUF)
was, sociologically speaking, an accidental sect. It lost its original
ideologues at an early stage, and absorbed others with a different
orientation as a result of military misfortunes. Bombing reinforced the
sectarian tendencies of an enclaved movement, and belief proliferated.
This confounded military assessments that the movement could be rapidly
brought to heel by a private military intervention sponsored by British
and South African mineral interests. The movement became an uncontrollable
juggernaut, driven by strange sacrificial notions directed against rural
populations it had once set out to liberate. The war in Sierra Leone is
consistent with the Durkheimian argument that performance forges
collective representations. Dealing with armed insurgency in Africa
requires appreciation of the artefactual and circumstantial character of
social and religious beliefs.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 651-663
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119042
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:651-663
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ebenezer Obadare
Author-X-Name-First: Ebenezer
Author-X-Name-Last: Obadare
Title: Pentecostal Presidency? The Lagos-Ibadan ‘Theocratic Class’ & the Muslim ‘Other’
Abstract:
This paper analyses the politics of regime legitimacy through the
instrumentality of religious discourse purveyed through a putative
Christian ‘theocratic class’ surrounding the Obasanjo
presidency in Nigeria. Though the emphasis is on Western Nigerian
Christian discourse because of its undeniable influence in the polity
since 1999, it incorporates Muslim and northern Nigerian religious
discourse in so far as it is seen as constituting the significant
discursive ‘Other’ with which the predominantly Christian
geopolitical south has historically been in contention. The paper contends
that the ‘Pentecostalisation’ of governance has raised the
stakes as far as the struggle to define the Nigerian public sphere is
concerned, further politicising religion, even as lip service continues to
be paid to the secularity of the Nigerian state.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 665-678
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119083
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:665-678
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Päivi Hasu
Author-X-Name-First: Päivi
Author-X-Name-Last: Hasu
Title: World Bank & Heavenly Bank in Poverty & Prosperity: The Case of Tanzanian Faith Gospel1
Abstract:
This article discusses the articulation of religious rhetoric with
neoliberal principles of the market economy in Tanzania, looking
specifically at Pentecostal-charismatic Christianity. Religion is
interpreted here as a reflection of and model for a lived reality. On the
one hand, a lived reality generates and shapes religious beliefs and
ideas. On the other, religious beliefs and ideas inform the ways that
economic circumstances are perceived, interpreted and acted upon in
specific social and historical contexts. This is a discussion of
charismatic Christian perceptions and of the perceived spiritual and
economic changes in Tanzania ahead of the general election of 2005. These
Biblical allegories, as well as the gospel of prosperity, are brought
together through an account of the activities of one particular
charismatic ministry. The rhetoric and logic of prosperity through giving
are discussed within the anthropological notion of gift exchange as well
as with some born-again understandings of the significance of offerings to
God as a means to prosperity and accumulation. This paper
draws upon research that was conducted in Tanzania in 2003 and 2004 and
funded by the Nordic Africa Institute. An earlier version was presented in
a panel organized by Paul Gifford at the AEGIS conference in London 2005.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 679-692
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119257
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:679-692
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammed Zahid
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed
Author-X-Name-Last: Zahid
Author-Name: Michael Medley
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Medley
Title: Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt & Sudan
Abstract:
This article compares the evidence from two related movements: the
contemporary Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, and the cluster of organisations
that have been closely associated with Hasan al-Turabi in Sudan, in order
to query the extent to which Islamism is compatible with liberal
democratic politics. The answers suggested are, in the Egyptian case,
hopeful, but for Sudan decidedly pessimistic. However, there are
complexities within both stories. The comparison indicates ways in which
the outcomes are related to the framing circumstances, but also points out
the limitations of the information currently available in the academic
literature.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 693-708
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119273
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119273
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:693-708
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Pantuliano
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Pantuliano
Title: Comprehensive Peace? An Analysis of the Evolving Tension in Eastern Sudan
Abstract:
Eastern Sudan is the site of a little known armed struggle by popular
forces against the government in Khartoum, which in turn has been engaged
in counter-insurgency and repression there. A complex set of interrelated
factors is driving the war: historical grievances, feelings of exclusion
and marginalisation, demands for fair sharing of power between different
groups, inequitable distribution of economic resources and benefits,
underdevelopment, the absence of a genuine democratic process and other
governance issues. The article documents the particular patterns of
marginalisation and underdevelopment among the predominant population of
the Beja people, whose livelihoods are mainly based on pastoralism. It
also shows the patterns of political alienation and the emergence of the
Beja Congress as a movement that has given voice to those grievances.
Excluded from normal political expression or dialogue with the government
and then from the political dispensations that the South gained from its
peace agreement with the North, the Congress has made common cause with
the Rashaida Free Lions, formed among a smaller group of pastoralists of
Bedouin origin and other small groups to form the Eastern Front. Operating
from logistical bases on the Eritrean border, the Front has made armed
incursions into Eastern Sudan and controls some territory. Pressures from
inside and outside Sudan have finally led to both sides agreeing to talks,
which have finally started in August 2006 under Eritrean mediation. The
prospects of these talks leading to a sustainable agreement are
explored. This article is an extract from a much longer
study entitled ‘Comprehensive Peace? Causes and Consequences of
Underdevelopment and Instability in Eastern Sudan’, Nairobi: NGO
Paper. The article was first presented at the 7th International Sudan
Studies Conference ‘Fifty Years After Independence: Sudan's Quest
for Peace, Stability and Identity’, 6-8 April 2006, University of
Bergen, Norway.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 709-720
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119281
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:709-720
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Ifeka
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Ifeka
Title: Youth Cultures & the Fetishization of Violence in Nigeria
Abstract:
In this paper I develop a conceptual framework for analysing youth
cultures of resistance and violence in the context of customary and world
religions in which old and new gods are important sources of ideological
resistance. Condensing around points of intersection between capital and
non-capitalist kin-based economies, I argue that militant youth cultures
develop through a ‘double’ articulation between
‘parent’ cultures largely producing use values, and
capitalist cultures pervaded by world religions (Christianity, Islam). The
former construe social relations between groups struggling to establish
rights over strategic natural resources (land, oil, water) in terms of
spirit beings and their protective powers against attack; the latter
preside today over production for sale and profit according to impersonal
market forces that dissolve the social into relationships between
‘things’, the products of labour exchanged in the market
place.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 721-736
Issue: 110
Volume: 33
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240601119299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240601119299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:33:y:2006:i:110:p:721-736
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Branwen Gruffydd Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Branwen Gruffydd
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Another World is Possible
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 5-10
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340167
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340167
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:5-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Brown
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Debating the Year of Africa
Abstract:
Rarely can there have been so much media attention on Africa as there was
in the twelve months leading up to the G8 summit in July 2005. The
crescendo of media coverage which greeted the Commission for Africa's
report and the following Live8, Make Poverty History and G8 gatherings
came after a year which had seen the launch and subsequent deliberations
of the Commission for Africa, Blair's and Brown's various high profile
initiatives on aid and debt, the WTO's stalled ‘development
round’ and NGO's ongoing campaigns around all of these. This focus
on Africa, led by the UK which held EU and G8 presidencies in 2005, was
reflected in a renewed academic focus on Africa and a restating, and some
revitalisation, of debates about Africa's politics and development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-27
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340209
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:11-27
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Title: Primitive Accumulation, Enclavity, Rural Marginalisation & Articulation
Abstract:
In March 2006, the University of KwaZulu-Natal's Centre for Civil Society
in Durban aimed to reinvigorate a tradition of political economy by
considering the legacies of Guy Mhone and José Negrão (who died in
2005) along with two others whose work was based on accounts of
‘primitive accumulation’: Rosa Luxemburg and South African
sociologist Harold Wolpe (who died in 1996). The analytical traditions are
diverse but complementary. Together they capture many of the ways that
primitive accumulation continues to structure and reproduce systems of
inequality.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 29-37
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340233
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340233
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:29-37
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Salim Vally
Author-X-Name-First: Salim
Author-X-Name-Last: Vally
Title: From People's Education to Neo-Liberalism in South Africa
Abstract:
In his address at the 10th Anniversary celebration of the Foundation for
Human Rights in Pretoria, 29 November 2006 Neville Alexander posed the
following question: Why is it that in
spite of a constitution that was arrived at in a 20th century model of
democratic bargaining and consensus building and in which are enshrined
some of the noblest sentiments and insights concerning human rights, we
are living in a situation where very few of those rights appear to be
realised, or even realisable, in practice? This paper
attempts to answer this question through an analysis of the struggle to
attain education rights in South Africa. This exercise it is hoped, will
also allow us to further unravel the class nature of the South African
state, the political economy of the transition (for extensive and
excellent analysis of the latter see Marais, 1998; Bond, 2000 and
Alexander, 2002) and the importance of the oppositional role of the new
and independent social movements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 39-56
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340258
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340258
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:39-56
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prishani Naidoo
Author-X-Name-First: Prishani
Author-X-Name-Last: Naidoo
Title: Struggles Around the Commodification of Daily Life in South Africa
Abstract:
Post-apartheid South Africa has seen the emergence of new social and
community movements making demands on the African National Congress
government to deliver on its promise of ‘a better life for
all’. In these struggles, the identity of ‘the poor’
has been increasingly mobilised, both by movements reminding the state of
its obligations to its people, and in official policy discourse seeking to
introduce neoliberal macro-economic changes. This paper explores how the
category of ‘the poor’ is mobilised in struggles for basic
services in urban areas in South Africa, and in state policy that seeks to
draw poor people into agreements to pay for services. In doing this, it
explores the possibilities inherent in capitalist society for change and
the building of relations that challenge or subvert the dominant logic of
commodification and, in turn, of capital.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 57-66
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340340
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340340
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:57-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Ten Propositions about Black Economic Empowerment in South Africa
Abstract:
Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) has become one of the most high profile
strategies of African National Congress (ANC) government. Yet BEE has also
become highly controversial, critics arguing variously that it serves as a
block to foreign investment, encourages a re-racialisation of the
political economy, and promotes the growth of a small but remarkably
wealthy politicallyconnected ‘empowerment’ elite. There is
considerable substance to such analyses. However, they miss the point that
BEE policies constitute a logical unfolding of strategy which is dictated
by the ANC's own history, the nature of the democratic settlement of 1994
and the structure of the white-dominated economy. This paper seeks to
unravel that logic through the pursuit of ten propositions. An overall
conclusion is that while there is a strong case for arguing that BEE (or
some similar programme to correct racial imbalances) is a political
necessity, the ANC needs to do more to combine its empowerment strategies
with delivery of ‘a better life for all’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 67-84
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340365
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:67-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gillian Hart
Author-X-Name-First: Gillian
Author-X-Name-Last: Hart
Title: Changing Concepts of Articulation: Political Stakes in South Africa Today
Abstract:
Intense struggles are currently underway within and between the African
National Congress and its Alliance partners. In an effort to make sense of
these struggles, this essay revisits earlier South African debates over
race, class, and the national democratic revolution. Its focus is on
multiple and changing concepts of articulation and their political stakes.
The first part of the essay traces important shifts in the concept in
Harold Wolpe's work, relating these shifts to struggles and conditions at
the time, as well as to conceptual developments by Stuart Hall in a
broader debate with Laclau's work on populism, and with Laclau and Mouffe
who take the concept in a problematic post-marxist direction. I then put a
specifically Gramscian concept of articulation to work to explore how the
ruling bloc in the ANC has articulated shared meanings and memories of
struggles for national liberation to its hegemonic project -- and how a
popular sense of betrayal is playing into support for Jacob Zuma.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 85-101
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340415
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:85-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Author-Name: Paris Yeros
Author-X-Name-First: Paris
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeros
Title: The Radicalised State: Zimbabwe's Interrupted Revolution
Abstract:
This article conceptualises the revolutionary situation that gripped
Zimbabwe from the late 1990s. That was the moment in which the two
political questions that historically have galvanized peripheral
capitalism -- the agrarian and the national -- were returned to the
forefront of political life. We argue that the revolutionary situation
resulted neither in a revolution, nor in mediocre reformism, nor in
restoration. It resulted in an interrupted revolution, marked by a radical
agrarian reform and a radicalised state -- the first on the continent
since the end of the Cold War.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 103-121
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340431
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340431
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:103-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David P. Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Title: The South African Communist Party (SACP) in the Post--apartheid Period
Abstract:
This article examines the SACP and its role in contesting the hegemonic
project of neoliberalism in the post-apartheid period (1994-2004). I
discuss the Party's written attacks on neoliberalism, support for the
Congress of South African Trade Union's (Cosatu's) campaigns against
privatisation, the formation of the Young Communist League (YCL), and the
current campaigns surrounding cooperatives and financial sector reform. As
the SACP is embedded within the ruling African National Congress (ANC),
the Party's attempts to critique and fight neoliberalism have remained
rhetorical and ineffective. Rather than directly confronting the
neoliberal policies of the ANC, the SACP has instead cooperated with the
ANC, hoping to pull it more to the ‘left’. The SACP's
dedication to influencing the ANC has come at the expense of building a
mass base of support that opposes neoliberalism. This approach has
ultimately resulted in an accommodation to neoliberalism, and exposes many
difficult contradictions for the SACP.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 123-138
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340456
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:123-138
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Goodison
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodison
Title: The Future of Africa's Trade with Europe: ‘New’ EU Trade Policy
Abstract:
Trade with Europe is currently more important for the African continent,
and nearly every single country in it, than any other international
economic links. Africa's future trade relationship with the European Union
(EU) is now being decided in negotiations which are provoking intense
debate, and to understand what is at issue it is necessary to locate these
negotiations in the context of the EU's wider trade policy. This policy
was recently reiterated in a more coherent and focused form in the
European Commission's (EC’s) October 2006 proposal for a new trade
strategy. This paper seeks to review the main elements of this
‘new’ strategy before looking at how it impacts on the EU's
approach to the negotiations for ‘Economic Partnership
Agreements’ (EPAs) with four groupings of African countries.1 It
closes by reviewing what this will probably mean for the Africa-EU trade
relationship in the future in the context of the major trends in the
current processes of negotiations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 139-151
Issue: 111
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701340480
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701340480
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:111:p:139-151
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Author-Name: Colin Stoneman
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoneman
Title: Trading Africa's Future
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 221-225
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449612
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:221-225
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Stoneman
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoneman
Author-Name: Carol Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Trading Partners or Trading Deals? The EU & US in Southern Africa
Abstract:
Both the European Union (EU) and the US are currently pursuing trade
agreements with weak economies, quite separate from the negotiations in
the context of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). Often the motives for
seeking trade agreements with a particular region reflect as much the
competition between the two power blocs for market access as a desire for
any new relations with the trading partners. The approaches or tactics of
the EU and the US differ, but their goals seem to be similar: maximising
trade dominance. This paper compares the EU's negotiations for
‘economic partnership agreements’ (EPAs) with southern
Africa with US negotiations for a free trade agreement with the Southern
African Customs Union (SACU).1
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 227-245
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449620
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449620
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:227-245
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Goodison
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodison
Title: EU Trade Policy & the Future of Africa's Trade Relationship with the EU
Abstract:
Despite the announcement of a ‘new trade strategy’, EU
agricultural trade policy has exhibited considerable consistency over
several decades, always conditional on the CAP regime and the course of
its reform. A 25-year, heavily subsidised transition, will shortly see
European farmers (thanks to income support of up to 50% of their total
income), able to enter the world market without export subsidies.
Meanwhile the EC expects ‘partner’ countries in Africa (and
the Caribbean and the Pacific) with still underdeveloped infrastructures,
and provided with relatively trivial subsidies, to complete a similar
process in a decade or so. The economic partnership agreement (EPA)
negotiations are based on a shift from the Lomé Convention's
non-reciprocity commitment to a basic regime of free trade between the EU
and EPA regions, involving liberalisation of trade in goods, trade-related
areas and services. Whereas Europe has already effectively integrated, few
African regions have yet got very far in regional integration, but the EC
is forcing the pace in negotiations so that there is a risk that
integration will be with the EU rather than within a country's own region,
and on the EU's terms. A ‘development dimension’ adds an
element of window-dressing (or sugaring of the pill). This article
considers the development programmes that the EU is promising in order to
address infrastructural constraints in the partner countries, and the
costs of adjustment to free trade, in particular the loss of state
revenues generated from tariffs. The article concludes with an attempt to
foresee the likely outcomes and implications of the negotiations,
including the undermining of government revenues and the consequent
increase in reliance on the private sector for many services, accelerated
deindustrialisation, and the inhibiting of first-stage processing of
agricultural commodities, the undermining of regional integration, the
economic ‘recolonisation’ of Africa and the harming of
efforts to promote national exploitation of economic resources.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 247-266
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449646
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:247-266
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Barratt Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Barratt Brown
Title: ‘Fair Trade’ with Africa
Abstract:
The origin of Africa's current failure to benefit from the expansion of
world trade lies in the colonial division of labour, the consequences of
which persist in economic structures far more than in other continents.
The consequent economic distortions emphasising export of primary products
have been preserved by external forces and are now being reinforced by
free markets. The ‘fair trade’ concept seeks to ensure a
measure of surplus for some producers that the market -- dominated by
middle-men and oligopsonistic Western corporations -- denies them. A
leading force in the movement, TWIN, originated in London in the 1980s,
and the movement now has worldwide trade approaching
£1 billion, mainly in coffee, cocoa and tea, but also in rice
and cotton. African countries have been prime beneficiaries. Although
growth of ‘fair trade’ is extremely high, it is unlikely
ever to displace ‘free trade’ in importance, but it may
nevertheless promote a way out of poverty (including dependence on the
commodities in question) for many people otherwise trapped in the hangover
of colonial power. This may be through gaining increasing control over the
commodity chains of which at present they are only the first, fragmented
element.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 267-277
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449653
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:267-277
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Goodison
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodison
Title: What is the Future for EU-Africa Agricultural Trade After CAP Reform?
Abstract:
The EU's common agricultural policy seriously distorted not only EU
commodity markets but also many world markets, through the subsidised
export of large volumes of commodities -- produced at double (or even
treble) -- the economic cost. This is not contested. Amongst those
affected wereAfrican farmers who suffered from the depression of world
market prices for commodities that they could produce cheaply, such as
maize, sugar and beef. With CAP reform, which should soon see all
EU-produced commodities trading on the world market without the need for
export subsidies, Europe argues that it is now no longer distorting world
markets, and so no longer harming African producers. This paper
demonstrates how untrue this is. On the one hand, because Europe continues
to produce the commodities in question at the same or higher volume
(thanks to income support for farmers), the impact on the world market is
unchanged. On the other hand, concessions to ACP countries designed to
help them under the old regime (such as the ‘protocols’
which enabled them to earn the inflated European prices for quotas of beef
and sugar) are disappearing, and preferences over third countries are
eroding as tariffs fall. Other elements of policy related to CAP reform,
such as the increasingly strict EU food safety standards, and the raised
competitiveness of EU processed foods as the price of European inputs
falls (a disguised subsidy), are discussed. The paper concludes with some
concrete examples of the impact of this on the South African confectionery
industry.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 279-295
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449679
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:279-295
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Orbie
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Orbie
Title: The European Union & the Commodity Debate: From Trade to Aid
Abstract:
This article departs from the renewed interest in commodity market
regulation and assesses the position of the European Union (EU) on
supply-management in tropical commodities. After sketching the resurgence
of the commodity debate on the international trade front, the second
section recapitulates the thesis that Europe's trade relations shifted
from innovative and interventionist arrangements in the 1970s, to a
neo-liberal outlook by the end of the 1990s. Based on this historical
account, we examine whether the EU's role has changed during the commodity
debate since 2003-2004. The analysis makes clear that, although EU
policy-makers and institutions have addressed the issue, supply-management
schemes are not considered. Without challenging the mainstream approach to
commodity trade, Europe's initiatives with regard to 1) export
stabilisation, 2) commodity protocols and 3) market access rather show an
evolution ‘from trade to aid’. The article concludes with a
number of explanations for this recent shift.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 297-311
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449695
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:297-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Vinci
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Vinci
Title: ‘Like Worms in the Entrails of a Natural Man’: A Conceptual Analysis of Warlords
Abstract:
Warlords are increasingly significant actors in domestic and
international politics. Yet, our understanding of them is often one-sided
-- based on either the ‘greed’ or ‘grievance’
approach. This paper seeks to mend this deficiency through a detailed and
holistic conceptual analysis of warlords, which integrates political,
economic, military, and social aspects of warlord organisations. It begins
with an overview of past efforts to define and analyse warlords and then
explores the features of warlord organisation. Borrowing from theoretical
accounts of states by authors such as Weber and Schmitt, the paper
examines the relationship between the warlord and his fighters, the
warlord organisation as a political community, the nature of warlord
governance and command, as well as motivational and logistical factors in
perpetuating the warlord organisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 313-331
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449711
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449711
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:313-331
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Daley
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Daley
Title: The Burundi Peace Negotiations: An African Experience of Peace--making
Abstract:
Contemporary peace negotiations in Africa reflect perceived changes in
the nature of warfare in the post-Cold War, neo-liberal era. ‘New
wars’ are characterised as predominantly civil warfare that is
non-ideological, fuelled by identity-politics and driven by greed or
grievance. Neo-liberal approaches to conflict resolution involve a
multiplicity of state and non-state actors, both protagonists and
mediators, and promote universally-applicable solutions, such as
power-sharing and the extension of market-based economic systems. These
have had limited success in Africa because they have been unable to
transform the social system within which violence and inequalities are
embedded. Through an examination of the Burundi peace process,
particularly, the Arusha peace negotiations -- their origins, actors,
debates, agreements and recommendations -- this article highlights the
discursive practices of neo-liberal peace-making and exposes its inherent
limitations in creating any meaningful transformation of the political
space. It is argued here that peace negotiations can be perceived as
political struggles, beyond that envisaged between the belligerents, due
to the prevalence of a multitude of supporting actors seeking to promote
vested interests. Consequently, the resulting peace agreement is not
necessarily consensual or reflective of a compromise for the sake of
peace; it marks, essentially, a temporary stalemate in the power play
between international, regional and local actors and their competing
visions of peace. This explains why the ‘liberal’ peace that
is attained through these manoeuvrings is one that appears to uphold the
sovereignty of the state, but is not transformative with regards to the
security of the people.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 333-352
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449729
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:333-352
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rebecca Davies
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Davies
Title: Rebuilding the Future or Revisiting the Past? Post-apartheid Afrikaner Politics
Abstract:
Orthodox analyses have presented a bleak future for the Afrikaner
community in contemporary South Africa, subjugated under the stewardship
of a state entirely dominated by an African National Congress (ANC)
government that is broadly aligned against Afrikaner interests. This paper
seeks to clarify the changes and tensions apparent within a very heterodox
Afrikaner community, as well as the mutually empowering linkages between
the globalised political economy and various domestic social forces, by
presenting a political economy of post-apartheid Afrikaner identifications
and diversity. What this focus does is to emphasise the global political
economy and closely associated ideology of globalisation as a major
catalyst for change in these identifications. It will highlight how
Afrikaner identity politics are situated within broader hegemony-seeking
processes, both globally and within South Africa. And it will demonstrate
that contemporary struggles around Afrikaner identifications are responses
to a global neo-liberal hegemonic project that also determines, in large
measure, the political and economic agenda pursued by the ANC-led
government in South Africa. This paper forms part of a larger project to
provide a richer, more critical framework of analysis for understanding
identity politics under conditions of increasing globalisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 353-370
Issue: 112
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701449737
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701449737
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:112:p:353-370
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred B. Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Imperial, Neo-Liberal Africa?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 417-422
Issue: 113
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701672478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701672478
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:113:p:417-422
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Séverine Autesserre
Author-X-Name-First: Séverine
Author-X-Name-Last: Autesserre
Title: D. R. Congo: Explaining Peace Building Failures, 2003-2006
Abstract:
As a corrective to the emphasis on national and international
reconciliation during peace building processes, I develop here a
conceptual analysis of the dynamics of violence during the transition from
war to peace and democracy in the Democratic Republic of Congo between
2003 and 2006. I locate the sources, at the local, national, and regional
levels, of continued local violence during this transition. Through an
analysis of the situation in the provinces of North Kivu and North
Katanga, I illustrate how local dynamics interacted with the national and
regional dimensions of the conflict. I demonstrate that, after a national
and regional settlement was reached, some local conflicts over land and
political power increasingly became self-sustaining, autonomous, and
disconnected from the national and regional tracks. Thus, peace building
action was required not only at the national and regional levels but also
locally.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 423-441
Issue: 113
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701672510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701672510
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:113:p:423-441
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Mayher
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayher
Author-Name: David A. Mcdonald
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcdonald
Title: The Print Media in South Africa: Paving the Way for ‘Privatisation’
Abstract:
Since the end of apartheid, national and local governments in South
Africa have been involved in the commercialisation and marketisation of a
wide range of public services. This article examines the responses of the
mainstream media to these neo-liberal initiatives, looking specifically at
English-language newspapers and their coverage of water, electricity and
waste management services. We explore the extent to which the print media
can be deemed to be in favour of privatisation as well as the more subtle,
discursive ways in which it covers these issues. We argue that these
corporate media outlets in South Africa generate and perpetuate a
neo-liberal discourse on privatisation, but that this dialogue is neither
omnipotent nor monolithic. Nevertheless, it is exactly this façade of
objectivity which gives neo-liberalism its hegemony. By appearing to give
equal space to different points of view there is a perception of balance
in the press that obscures the more subtle, opinionmaking discourses that
generate neo-liberal biases. We conclude with a brief discussion of what
might be done to counter this neo-liberal authority.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 443-460
Issue: 113
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701672544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701672544
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:113:p:443-460
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stig Jarle Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Stig Jarle
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: Mark Bradbury
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Bradbury
Title: Somaliland: A New Democracy in the Horn of Africa?
Abstract:
With a constitutionally-based and popularly elected government, the
Republic of Somaliland, which broke away from Somalia in 1991, has a
democratic system matched by few other countries in Africa and the Middle
East. However, Somaliland's independence has not been recognised
internationally. Moreover developments in neighbouring countries suggest
that people in Somaliland will face serious challenges in entrenching a
democratic political system. This article takes as its point of departure
Georg Sorensen's (1998:3) definition of democracy. His definition is
employed, together with the history of elections in the region, to explore
the challenges people in Somaliland face in establishing a democratic
political system, in this sense the article aims to explore the challenges
of the future, rather than analyse the processes of the past. These
include, among others, the shift from a clan-based form of political
representation and competition to one based on political partiesas forums
for political representation and competition, the urban-based nature of
political discourse in a still predominantly rural society, and the
absence of a strong independent media.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 461-476
Issue: 113
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701672585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701672585
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:113:p:461-476
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikola Kojucharov
Author-X-Name-First: Nikola
Author-X-Name-Last: Kojucharov
Title: Poverty, Petroleum & Policy Intervention: Lessons from the Chad-Cameroon Pipeline
Abstract:
The ‘resource curse’ -- the tendency of resource wealth to
impair natural resource exporting countries on various economic and
political dimensions -- has shown some of its strongest manifestations in
Africa's petro-states. For this reason, the World Bank's recent attempt to
engineer an accountable and transparent oil economy in one of Africa's
poorest and most corrupt countries -- Chad -- deserves close scrutiny and
critical analysis. Although the World Bank has conducted the Chad-Cameroon
Pipeline Project with the belief that the ‘resource curse’
can be mitigated through sound economic and fiscal policies, the results
thus far suggest that Chad is doomed to repeat an all too familiar fate of
economic turmoil and political strife. This article draws on the
disappointing realities since Chad's first oil exports, and examines three
major factors underlying Chad's unsuccessful conversion of oil revenues
into poverty reduction: institutional capacity constraints,
socio-political incompatibilities, and subversive interactions with
external lenders. Although the majority of critics attribute the project's
failures to the World Bank's policy choices and management, this analysis
suggests that the project has been hindered more by the external nature of
the World Bank's policy intervention than by any particular design flaws.
Given the shortcomings of the Bank's intervention, this article considers
plausible revisions to the project, and draws policy implications for
future development endeavours of this nature.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 477-496
Issue: 113
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701672619
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701672619
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:113:p:477-496
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Class, Resistance & Social Transformation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 613-618
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819475
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819475
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:613-618
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Blair Rutherford
Author-X-Name-First: Blair
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutherford
Author-Name: Lincoln Addison
Author-X-Name-First: Lincoln
Author-X-Name-Last: Addison
Title: Zimbabwean Farm Workers in Northern South Africa
Abstract:
This article analyses the precarious livelihoods of
Zimbabweans working on commercial farms in northern South Africa. Based on
research carried out in 2004 and 2005, we examine how these Zimbabweans
seek pathways of survival and, for a few, potential accumulation across
space, sectors, and international boundaries. The article analyses how
these Zimbabwean farm workers are situated in an ambivalent legal terrain,
the neo-liberal restructuring of agriculture and the articulation of
paternalistic rule into a far more authoritarian logic of rule on the
farms, all of which have made the border-zone a 'state of exception' for
them which conditions their livelihoods. The article highlights that
although these processes intensify labour exploitation, they also
recalibrate the survival strategies of Zimbabweans and generate varied
forms of resistance.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 619-635
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819491
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:619-635
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Watts
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Watts
Title: Petro-Insurgency or Criminal Syndicate? Conflict & Violence in the Niger Delta
Abstract:
The volatility of world oil markets,
and the grumbling of American consumers over rising gas and heating oil
prices over the last year, has highlighted a number of key trends in world
oil markets: the rapidly growing demand for oil by China and India, the
questionable status of some of the mega-oilfields in the Gulf, the
aggressive nationalism of Hugo Chavez in Venezuela and President
Ahmadinejad in Iran, and not least the spill-over effects of the Iraqi
insurgency across the Gulf. But there has been another presence
contributing to this volatility, namely the deepening conflicts across,
indeed the increasing ungovernability of the oil fields of the Niger Delta
in Nigeria. A spectacular escalation in violent attacks on oil
installations and abduction of oil workers beginning in December 2005 and
January-February 2006 by a shadowy and largely unknown militant group MEND
(the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta), have thrown into
dramatic relief the enormous fragility of the Nigeria's oil economy. Among
MEND's demands were the release of two key Ijaw leaders but as their
operations became more brazen and daring so did their political demands.
MEND claimed a goal of cutting Nigerian output by 30 per cent. Within the
first three months of 2006, $1 billion in oil revenues had been lost and
over 29 Nigerian military had been killed in the uprising. By early July
2007, 700,000 barrels per day were shut (deferred) by growing political
instability and insurgent attacks. The situation across the oilfields is
now as fraught as at any time since the onset of civil war in 1967. How
did this instability and political order arise and does it reflect, as
some have suggested, an oil insurgency draped in the garb of organised
crime?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 637-660
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819517
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:637-660
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Freund
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Title: South Africa: The End of Apartheid & the Emergence of the 'BEE Elite'
Abstract:
Recent South African policy making at the highest level has
used the language of the developmental state. It has been used as a means
of understanding and defining the purpose of ANC government. This article
interrogates that concept, especially using the formation of an elite
transcending the publicprivate sector divide and considering the concept
of an 'embedded elite'. In this light, the evolution of Black Economic
Empowerment (BEE) policies are drawn out and specific comparisons made
between South Africa and Malaysia. While creating an elite may involve
enriching a small number of black ANC supporters, it is probably a
necessity given the propensities of what remains of the established
'embedded elites' of the past. It is questionable however, whether this
new elite has the sense of direction in pursuit of an industrialising
economic model or a broad social model to carry through envisioned
changes. Nor are its instincts necessarily democratic. While under the
direction of the ANC the South African social structure is shifting in
important ways and different sectors of the black population clearly
benefit, the majority are not actively involved in a process of
transformation that would offer the possibility of radical improvements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 661-678
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819533
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819533
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:661-678
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pat Caplan
Author-X-Name-First: Pat
Author-X-Name-Last: Caplan
Title: Between Socialism & Neo-Liberalism: Mafia Island, Tanzania, 1965-2004
Abstract:
This article considers local perceptions of changes which
have taken place on Mafia Island, Coast Region, Tanzania over a period of
40 years during which the state has moved from a policy of socialism to
one of neo-liberalism. It begins by examining the apparent paradox that,
while Tanzania has won plaudits from multilateral agencies for its
economic policies, many ordinary people on Mafia consider that their
well-being has actually worsened. The paper examines people's perceptions
of equality, inequality and poverty, with particular emphasis on the
comparisons made between previous eras and the present, and between
themselves and various others, as well as their views of their
entitlements both as citizens and human beings.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 679-694
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819541
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:679-694
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Morten
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Title: Filling in the Blanks: The Potency of Fragmented Imageries of the State
Abstract:
Recent neo-patrimonial approaches to
the state see the sub-Saharan state as a façade that serves -- with
different degrees of effectiveness -- to disguise the play of
clientalistic relations and the interests of kin and kith. Drawing on an
analysis of how ideas are reproduced in peri-urban areas of Maputo,
Mozambique, this article argues that no pre-given causality exists between
encounters with a dysfunctional state apparatus and subjectively held
understandings of ordinary people. We cannot a priori determine that
incoherent and partial state practices necessarily lead individuals to
perceive the state as devoid of legitimate moral value. On the contrary,
locally situated individuals use ideas associated with the state to define
entitlements and create standards for evaluating state-defined programmes
or international donor-driven initiatives. Ideas of the state can thus be
a basis for social action; even when the reality of state dysfunction is
widely accepted, 'ordinary people' continue to invest themselves in these
ideas.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 695-708
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819582
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819582
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:695-708
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James H. Mittelman
Author-X-Name-First: James H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mittelman
Title: Debates
Abstract:
The following remarks were delivered at a plenary session on
19 October 2007 in New York City at the 50-super-th meeting of the African
Studies Association. This was, for an ASA, an extremely animated plenary
attended by over 400. The question and answer session that followed
indicated the huge concern of all those present. For instance,
one suggested that the 'US is not interested in development or democracy;
it is focused only on the"war on terror" and placing the Bureau of
Homeland Security into as many states in Africa as possible'.
Another suggested that 'the trend in Africa is militarising the
continenet, creating terror in order to have a "war on terror" and
suggested that the US was establishing military bases across the continent
-- a discussion we've had here in the pages of ROAPE about the use of
language, i.e. when is a base not a base? when it's a facility run by
privatised military or Bureau of Homeland Security. ROAPE
asked the plenary partcipants to rise to the challenge once again and put
pen to paper; they were given a very short time to do this. Mahmood
Mamdani was not well afterwards and wasn't able to contribute in time and
the US Ambassador to the AU, Cindy Courville, had at first agreed but then
withdrew at the last moment.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 709-717
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819608
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819608
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:709-717
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asma Mohamed Abdel Halim
Author-X-Name-First: Asma
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohamed Abdel Halim
Title: Briefings
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 719-756
Issue: 114
Volume: 34
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240701819640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240701819640
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:34:y:2007:i:114:p:719-756
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Good Friends & Good Partners: The ‘New‘ Face of China-African Co-operation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 5-6
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011311
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:5-6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raphael Power
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: What Does the Rise of China Do for Industrialisation in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Abstract:
China's rapid growth and deepening global presence in Africa creates a
major challenge for the conventional wisdom of industrialisation as a core
component of development strategy. These challenges are expressed through
a combination of direct impacts (expressed in bilateral country-to-country
relations) and indirect impacts (reflected in competition in third country
markets). In current structures, these impacts are predominantly harmful
for SSA's industrial growth, as expressed through its recent experience in
the exports of clothing to the US under AGOA (African Growth & Opportunity
Act). If Washington Consensus policies prevail, these harmful impacts will
be sustained and deepened.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-22
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011360
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011360
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:7-22
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: New African Choices? The Politics of Chinese Engagement
Abstract:
The role of China in Africa must be understood in the context of
competing and intensified global energy politics, in which the US, India
and China are among the key players vying for security of supply. Contrary
to popular representation, China's role in Africa is much more than this
however, opening up new choices for African development for the first time
since the neo-liberal turn of the 1980s. As such it is important to start
by disaggregating ‘China’ and ‘Africa’ since
neither represents a coherent and uniform set of motivations and
opportunities. This points to the need for, at minimum, a comparative case
study approach which highlights the different agendas operating in
different African states. It also requires taking a longue durée
perspective since China-Africa relations are long standing and recent
intervention builds on cold war solidarities, in polemic at least. It also
forces us to consider Chinese involvement in Africa as ambivalent, but
contextual. Here we look at the political dimensions of this engagement
and set out a research agenda that focuses on class and racial dynamics,
state restructuring, party politics, civil society responses and aid
effectiveness.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 23-42
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011394
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:23-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Alden
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Alden
Author-Name: Cristina Alves
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves
Title: History & Identity in the Construction of China's Africa Policy
Abstract:
One of the most notable features of the forging of China's new activist
foreign policy towards Africa is its emphasis on the historical context of
the relationship. These invocations of the past, stretching back to the
15th century but rife with references to events in the 19th century and
the cold war period, are regular features of Chinese diplomacy in Africa.
Indeed, it is the persistence of its use and the concurrent claim of a
continuity of underlying purpose that marks Chinese foreign policy out
from western approaches which have by and large been content to avoid
discussions of the past (for obvious reasons) or insisting on any policy
continuities. However, beneath the platitudes of solidarity is a reading
of Chinese historical relations with Africa emanating from Beijing that
is, as any student of contemporary African history will know, at times at
odds with the historical record of Chinese involvement on the continent.
This article will examine the use and meaning of history in the
construction of China's Africa policy. It will do so through first, a
brief discussion of the relationship between foreign policy, identity and
history; second, a survey of Chinese foreign policy towards Africa from
1955 to 1996; third, an analysis of the implications of Beijing's approach
for its efforts to achieve foreign policy aims regionally and globally.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 43-58
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011436
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:43-58
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shaun Breslin
Author-X-Name-First: Shaun
Author-X-Name-Last: Breslin
Author-Name: Ian Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Explaining the Rise of ‘Human Rights’ in Analyses of Sino-African Relations
Abstract:
Popular perceptions of China and its global role are often shaped by two
words: ‘made in’. Yet this vision of China that focuses
primarily on Beijing as a coming economic superpower is relatively new,
and it is not that long ago that two other words tended to dominate
debates on and discourses of China: ‘human rights’. To be
sure, real interest in human rights in China was never the
only issue in other states’ relations with China,
nor consistently pursued throughout the years (Nathan, 1994). Nor did
human rights totally subsequently disappear from the political
agenda.-super-1 Nevertheless, the rhetorical importance of human rights -
perhaps best epitomised by the narrow defeat of resolutions condemning
Chinese policy in 1995 at the Human Rights Council in Geneva - stands in
stark contrast to the relative silence thereafter as the
bottom line of most states’ relations with Beijing took on ever
greater economic dimensions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 59-71
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011469
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:59-71
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorothy McCormick
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothy
Author-X-Name-Last: McCormick
Title: China & India as Africa's New Donors: The Impact of Aid on Development
Abstract:
Using a two-analytical framework and drawing on a wide range of secondary
data, this article attempts to assess the likely impact of aid from China
and India on the development of Africa. The framework treats aid as one of
four main channels through which China and India influence the shape and
performance of particular sectors and, through them, development outcomes.
The first stage of analysis examines the varying patterns of Chinese and
Indian aid and the multiple impacts such aid has on one key sector:
manufacturing. The main findings from this level of analysis have to do
with the differing patterns of Indian and Chinese aid, differences between
Chinese and Indian aid, and aid from western countries, and the
interconnections between the impact channels. India and China have
different patterns of aid. India concentrates on non-monetary aid mainly
in the form of technical assistance and scholarships, while China offers a
wider range of monetary and non-monetary aid packages, which include
grants and loans for infrastructure, plant and equipment, as well as
scholarships, training opportunities, and technical assistance. Chinese
monetary aid is tied to the use of Chinese goods and services, and
requires adherence to the 'One China' policy, but does not carry the 'good
governance' conditionalities that currently characterise western donors.
The impact channels of trade, FDI, aid, and migration overlap to some
degree, especially in the case of China. The line between FDI and aid is
often blurred, as is the line between aid and trade. The second stage of
the analysis looks at the implications of Chinese and Indian aid to
manufacturing for development outcomes such as growth, distribution,
governance, and environment. The analysis shows clearly that the potential
impact of Chinese and Indian aid on Africa is significant, but that the
actual effects of these emerging donors on particular countries depends to
a large extent on the institutional and structural conditions of the
recipients.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 73-92
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011501
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:73-92
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Large
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Large
Title: China & the Contradictions of ‘Non-interference’ in Sudan
Abstract:
The core Chinese foreign policy principle of non-interference has
recently come under increasing and more visible strain in China's
relations with Sudan. Noninterference has been central to Beijing's
relations with different governments in Khartoum since 1959. From the
mid-1990s, however, the Chinese role in Sudan has become more embedded and
consequential. Today China faces the challenge of accommodating its
established policy of non-interference with the more substantive and
growing complexity of Chinese involvement developed over the past decade
in Sudan, amidst ongoing conflict in western Darfur and changing politics
after the North-South peace agreement of January 2005.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 93-106
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011568
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011568
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:93-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Ceruti
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Ceruti
Title: African National Congress Change in Leadership: What Really Won it for Zuma?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-114
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011808
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011808
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:107-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Corkin
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Corkin
Author-Name: Sanusha Naidu
Author-X-Name-First: Sanusha
Author-X-Name-Last: Naidu
Title: China & India in Africa: An Introduction
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 115-116
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011824
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011824
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:115-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanusha Naidu
Author-X-Name-First: Sanusha
Author-X-Name-Last: Naidu
Title: India's Growing African Strategy
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 116-128
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802021435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802021435
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:116-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Corkin
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Corkin
Title: Competition or Collaboration? Chinese & South African Transnational Companies in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 128-133
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802021443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802021443
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:128-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martyn Davies
Author-X-Name-First: Martyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Davies
Title: China's Developmental Model Comes to Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 134-137
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802021450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802021450
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:134-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lindsey Hilsum
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsey
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilsum
Title: China faces reality in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 137-140
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802021468
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802021468
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:137-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maina Kiai
Author-X-Name-First: Maina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiai
Title: The Political Crisis in Kenya: A Call for Justice & Peaceful Resolution
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 140-144
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802021476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802021476
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:140-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: China in Africa: A Review Essay
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 155-173
Issue: 115
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802011832
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:115:p:155-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline‐Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline‐Cole
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Editorial: The Politics of Capital
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 179-183
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802193762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802193762
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:179-183
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Bassett
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Bassett
Title: South Africa: Revisiting Capital's ‘Formative Action’
Abstract:
This article revisits Saul and Gelb's 1981 analysis of South African
capital's ‘formative action’, employing their framework to
assess how capital hasshaped the economic framework since 1990. I show
that once prominentbusiness leaders became committed to non‐racial
democracy, the privatesector became enormously influential in shaping the
economic programme.The policy changes permitted South African firms to
restructure theiroperations largely on their own terms, becoming major
investors elsewherein Africa and around the world. Despite their
ostensible success, the neoliberal framework they cultivated may lack
durability, simply because the ‘historical bloc’
underpinning it is so narrow that the programme has notoffered many
benefits to the majority. Despite measures taken by thegovernment since
2000 to broaden the political coalition supporting the neoliberal
restructuring, the recent crisis over presidential succession reflects the
failure to vest the economic changes in a hegemonic programme.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 185-202
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802193804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802193804
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:185-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wibke Crewett
Author-X-Name-First: Wibke
Author-X-Name-Last: Crewett
Author-Name: Benedikt Korf
Author-X-Name-First: Benedikt
Author-X-Name-Last: Korf
Title: Ethiopia: Reforming Land Tenure
Abstract:
Land policy in Ethiopia has been controversial since the fall of the
military socialist derg regime in 1991. While the current Ethiopian
government has implemented a land policy that is based on state ownership
of land (where only usufruct rights are given to land holders), many
agricultural economists and international donor agencies have propagated
some form of privatized land ownership. This article traces the
antagonistic arguments of the two schools of thought in the land reform
debate and how their antagonistic principles ‐ fairness vs.
efficiency ‐ are played out. It then goes on to explore how these
different arguments have trickled down in the formulation of the federal
and regional land policies with a particular view on the new Oromia
regional land policy as it is considered the most progressive (with
regards to tenure security). We provide some empirical material on ongoing
practices of implementing the Rural Land Use and Administration
Proclamation of Oromia Region. Our analysis suggests that while the laws
are conceptual hybrids that accommodate both fairness and efficiency
considerations, regional bureaucrats have selectively implemented those
elements of the proclamation that are considered to strengthen the
regime’s political support in the countryside.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-220
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802193911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802193911
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:203-220
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arrigo Pallotti
Author-X-Name-First: Arrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallotti
Title: Tanzania: Decentralising Power or Spreading Poverty?
Abstract:
This essay investigates the complex relationships between the
decentralisation reform and implementation of the 1999 land laws in the
rural areas of Tanzania. After critically reviewing the aims, content and
early outcomes of the Local Government Reform Programme (LGRP), the essay
considers the political implications of the neo‐liberal citizenship
model the reform tries to promote at the local level, with a particular
focus on its link with the implementation of the Village Land Act of 1999.
Behind the rhetoric of poverty reduction and community development lies a
government effort to promote a market model of citizenship in the rural
areas. Indeed, the implementation of the LGRP and land tenure reform
represent part of this broader effort. The paper concludes that these
policies will have far‐reaching effects on resource access and
democracy at the local level.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 221-235
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802194067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802194067
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:221-235
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kennedy Agade Mkutu
Author-X-Name-First: Kennedy Agade
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkutu
Title: Uganda: Pastoral Conflict & Gender Relations
Abstract:
This article uses testimonials from women and men to ask how pastoral
gender relations are configured, how they are being altered in the context
of armed conflict, including violent cattle raiding, in the last four
decades and how they are coping with their resulting pastoral livelihoods
becoming increasingly unsustainable. In addition, the status of both men
and women as defined by marriage is declining as marriage is dependent
upon a diminishing cattle economy. It is here that women are being
required to take on new roles for their survival and the survival of the
family, including making decisions about acquiring guns and ammunition,
and branching out into alternative livelihoods. Men are gaining power over
women in some respects because they remain the owners of weapons, but
conflict has also created space for women to gain independence and status.
The article considers the benefits of this situation for women, but also
notes the new risks to their physical and mental health. It then argues
that in turn there are both positive and negative aspects for the whole
family and the stability and sustainability of the Karimojong society as a
whole.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 237-254
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802194133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802194133
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:237-254
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shannon Walsh
Author-X-Name-First: Shannon
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Author-Name: Ashwin Desai
Author-X-Name-First: Ashwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Desai
Author-Name: Shannon Walsh
Author-X-Name-First: Shannon
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh
Title: ‘Uncomfortable Collaborations’: Contesting Constructions of the ‘Poor’ in South Africa
Abstract:
This article deconstructs the problematic way the ‘Poor’
are represented by the intellectual ‘Left’ as a fixed,
virtuous subject. Even while this fixed identity is actively mobilised by
people themselves to gain symbolic and real power, I argue that the
philosopher's fixation on the singular subjectivity of the oppressed
confines the ‘Poor’ to their very subjugation. Instead, I
propose a more nuanced understanding of how agency and oppression occur
within the ‘uncomfortable collaborations' that are forged between
various actors. My argument is grounded in experiences with the shack
dwellers movement in Durban (Abahlali baseMjondolo, ABM), and young AIDS
activists in Khayelitsha and Atlantis, South Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 255-279
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802195809
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802195809
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:255-279
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: The ANC for Sale? Money, Morality & Business in South Africa
Abstract:
The African National Congress (ANC) as a liberation movement drew much of
its strength from its moral underpinnings as fighting for a just society.
However, since its acquisition of political office in 1994, the ANC is
widely perceived to have lost its moral compass. This demoralization needs
to be located within the structural determinants of the South African
transition. Against the background of the dilemmas faced by the ANC in its
bid to promote its National Democratic Revolution (NDR), this paper
explores how the party's need to secure funding has seen it complement
official state funding by tapping corporate largesse, moving into business
and accessing public monies. Meanwhile, the mutual interests of the new
political power holders and established business have forged close
connections across the public and private divide which at times have
bordered on the criminal. Despite the ANC's declared intentions to address
its moral rot by implementation of new ethical controls, the reciprocal
needs of powerful business interests and party elites are likely to limit
their effectiveness. Continued pressure for ‘revolutionary
morality’ must therefore come from below and outside the ruling
party.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 281-299
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802196336
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802196336
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:281-299
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joshua Stacher
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua
Author-X-Name-Last: Stacher
Title: Egypt: The Anatomy of Succession
Abstract:
This article examines how the procedural aspects of Egypt's first
presidential elections permitted the ruling regime to persist without a
serious challenge. By taking stock of how the procedural rules of the game
were manipulated to favour the incumbent, and the creation of an
administrative body with extrajudicial powers guaranteeing the known
result, this article will argue that the character of Constitutional
Amendment 76 sET a precedent that will likely favour the succession in
2011 of Hosni Mubarak's son, Gamal.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 301-314
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802196807
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802196807
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:301-314
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Juldeh
Author-X-Name-Last: Jalloh
Title: Sierra Leone: Beyond Change & Continuity
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 315-323
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802196955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802196955
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:315-323
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Eritrea 2008: The Unfinished Business of Liberation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 323-330
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802197094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802197094
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:323-330
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Martell
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Martell
Title: A View from Eritrea: Any Chance of Change Without War?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 331-335
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802197144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802197144
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:331-335
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Jacobs
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobs
Title: A New Generation of Heterodox Development Scholars
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-340
Issue: 116
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802197193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802197193
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:116:p:335-340
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Scrambling to the Bottom? Mining, Resources & Underdevelopment
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 361-366
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802410968
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802410968
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:361-366
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bonnie Campbell
Author-X-Name-First: Bonnie
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell
Title: Regulation & Legitimacy in the Mining Industry in Africa: Where does Canada Stand?
Abstract:
There are more than 1,000 mining companies listed on Canadian stock
exchanges, more than any other country and, as such, represent the most
important source of investment in mining in Africa. This article provides
a preliminary evaluation of the experience and report of the Canadian
National Roundtables on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). It does so
in the context of the surge of Canadian investment in mining in Africa and
of increasing public awareness of the negative impacts of the activities
of Canadian mining enterprises. It examines the issues of resource
governance and the ‘securitisation’ of mining activities.
The recommendations favouring adoption of a Canadian set of CSR Standards
for Canadian extractive‐sector companies operating abroad is
contextualised in the global expansion of transnational mining investment
that since the 1990s led to increasing conflicts with local communities.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 367-385
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802410984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802410984
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:367-385
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Luning
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Luning
Title: Liberalisation of the Gold Mining Sector in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
Since the liberalisation of the gold mining sector in the 1990s, the
state of Burkina Faso has the task of allotting exploration and
exploitation permits to private companies. International junior companies
are exploring vast concessions in Burkina, and publish promising prospects
on the internet. Scrutinising the presence of (inter)national companies
both on the web and on the ground, the article shows how a set of
concessions constitutes a ‘field’, defined as a system of
social positions structured in terms of power relations. Concessions bring
together a wide range of professionals in mining: potential investors,
international companies, Burkinabe entrepreneurs and artisanal miners. The
article describes how legal distinctions affect the power structure of
working arrangements on one particular group of exploration permits in the
central part of Burkina, currently held by the Canadian company High River
Gold: the Bissa permit Group. It examines what happens on the ground when
companies are allotted formal titles, whereas artisanal miners can at best
aspire to obtain marginal places for their informal practices.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 387-401
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411016
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411016
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:387-401
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Lungu
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Lungu
Title: Copper Mining Agreements in Zambia: Renegotiation or Law Reform?
Abstract:
Poverty levels in Zambia are historically associated with development in
the mining sector. As long as the sector was performing well and enjoying
high international prices for copper, the revenues to government were high
and the government could afford the provision of, for example, public
health. It is however paradoxical that in the current upturn of commodity
prices, the Zambian government has not obtained sufficient revenues to
enable it to provide the required public goods. Close scrutiny of the way
the state‐owned mining company, Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines
(ZCCM), was privatised in the late 1990s reveals that the agreements made
between the government and the new mining companies were lopsided. As a
consequence, the government has been unable to earn revenues to the same
extent as countries like Chile prompting civil society to pressure the
government to renegotiate the agreements. The government has, however,
chosen the path of law reform to increase the taxation on
foreign‐owned mining companies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 403-415
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411032
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411032
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:403-415
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cyril I. Obi
Author-X-Name-First: Cyril I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Obi
Title: Enter the Dragon? Chinese Oil Companies & Resistance in the Niger Delta
Abstract:
This article explores the ramifications of the entry of Chinese state oil
companies into the volatile Niger Delta for the politics of local
resistance in the region ‐ until recently, virtually the preserve
of Western oil multinationals and smaller Independents. The entry of
Chinese oil companies in the context of a ‘new’ scramble for
Africa's resources, and as a response to strategic moves by the Nigerian
petro‐state and ruling elite to increase oil revenues, and
diversify its near‐total dependence on Western actors, oil
technology, markets and conditionalities, has drawn a quick response from
the local communities in the Niger Delta. On 29 April 2006, an Ijaw youth
militia, the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND),
exploded a car bomb in the city of Warri, warning the Chinese oil
companies to stay away from the Niger Delta, and further threatening that
they would be treated as ‘thieves’ and attacked. Since then,
there have been reports of the kidnapping and subsequent release of some
Chinese oil workers in the region. What is the potential impact of the
entry of Chinese oil capital on the fragile oil environment and the human
rights situation in this volatile oil‐rich region? Does the
existing evidence suggest a fundamental difference in local responses to
Chinese and Western oil capital in the Niger Delta? What explanations can
be advanced for the local response to the entry of Chinese oil companies
in the Niger Delta? The paper also analyzes the likely response of the
Chinese oil companies to the perceived threat(s) that local resistance in
the Niger Delta could pose to their extractive, profit and energy security
interests, given their antecedents in other African new oil states,
particularly Sudan, where Chinese companies or Chinese oil workers were
targeted by rebels, and were deeply involved with the state and dominant
elite in mining oil and repressing local resistance. This assumes further
significance in the securitization of the Niger Delta's oil within the
context of a post‐9/11 US‐led (militarised) energy security
paradigm that has placed the region in the context of an
energy‐rich Gulf of Guinea, which is central to Western global
strategic interests. While demonstrating that a clear anti‐Chinese
oil position does not as yet exist in the Niger Delta, the article
critically examines the prospects for the future of the forces and
trajectories of local resistance in the Niger Delta.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 417-434
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411073
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411073
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:417-434
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alicia Campos
Author-X-Name-First: Alicia
Author-X-Name-Last: Campos
Title: Oil, Sovereignty & Self‐Determination: Equatorial Guinea & Western Sahara
Abstract:
This article analyses the role of the sovereignty principle for the oil
industry and the implication this relationship has for development in
Africa. It also looks at the transnational social movements around the
exploitation of natural resources, comparing Equatorial Guinea and Western
Sahara. The main hypothesis is that international norms of
self‐determination and those developed for non‐autonomous
people in Western Sahara, allow us to raise questions and to make demands
over mineral resources in a very different way than where sovereignty is
not in question, as in Equatorial Guinea.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 435-447
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411081
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411081
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:435-447
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Keenan
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan
Title: Uranium Goes Critical in Niger: Tuareg RebellionsThreaten Sahelian Conflagration
Abstract:
The article analyses the causes and implications of the ongoing
Tuareg rebellions in Niger and Mali. While the larger and more widespread
rebellion in Niger is generally attributed to the Niger Tuareg's demands
for a greater and more equitable share of the country's uranium revenues,
the article reveals that both rebellions, while centering on grievances
associated with marginalisation, indigenous land rights and the
exploitation of mineral resources, are far more complex. Other key
elements are the continuing impact on the region of the global war on
terror; competing imperialisms and sub‐imperialisms; the associated
interests of multinational mining companies; environmental threats and the
interests of international drug‐traffickers. The article also
details the human rights abuses inflicted on the civilian populations in
both Niger and Mali by the recently US‐trained militaries.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 449-466
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411107
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:449-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Owusu-Koranteng
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Owusu-Koranteng
Title: Mining Investment & Community Struggles
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 467-473
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411115
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:467-473
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gisa Weszkalnys
Author-X-Name-First: Gisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Weszkalnys
Title: Hope & Oil: Expectations in São Tomé e Príncipe
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 473-482
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411156
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:473-482
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Kippin
Author-X-Name-First: Henry
Author-X-Name-Last: Kippin
Title: Copper & controversy in the DR Congo
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 482-486
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411180
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:482-486
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miles Larmer
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Larmer
Title: The Zimbabwe Arms Shipment Campaign
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 486-493
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411198
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:486-493
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredeth Turshen
Author-X-Name-First: Meredeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Turshen
Title: Child poverty in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 494-500
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411214
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411214
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:494-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: João Paulo Borges Coelho
Author-X-Name-First: João Paulo Borges
Author-X-Name-Last: Coelho
Title: Memories of Ruth First in Mozambique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 500-507
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411222
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411222
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:500-507
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincent Tickner
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Tickner
Title: Africa: International Food Price Rises & Volatility
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 508-514
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411248
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:508-514
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daryll E. Ray
Author-X-Name-First: Daryll E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ray
Title: USDA top officials vs. USDA data
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 514-516
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411271
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:514-516
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol B. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Agrofuels from Africa, not for Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 516-519
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411313
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411313
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:516-519
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanne D. Mueller
Author-X-Name-First: Susanne D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller
Title: Apollo L. Njonjo
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 520-521
Issue: 117
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802411354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802411354
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:117:p:520-521
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Abrahamsen
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahamsen
Author-Name: Michael C. Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Michael C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Public/Private, Global/Local: The Changing Contours of Africa's Security Governance
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 539-553
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569219
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:539-553
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruce Baker
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Title: Beyond the Tarmac Road: Local Forms of Policing in Sierra Leone & Rwanda
Abstract:
Civil war deeply disrupted policing in Sierra Leone and Rwanda, leaving
their state police forces inadequate in numbers, skills and resources to
serve all citizens. In this security vacuum local forms of policing play
an important role. The article argues that the country-specific pattern of
local forms of policing depends on three factors: the nature of the
conflict and peace settlement; the regime ideology; and the level of
regime insecurity and fear of conflict recurring. The empirical data
concerning the local policing groups is presented under three headings:
crime prevention and intervention; investigation and resolution; and
punishment. The article concludes with an assessment of the hazards and
potential for states and donors supporting such groups. They are certainly
flawed agencies in the eyes of both users and government, but in a context
of less than fair and accountable state policing, their widespread
provision and support is not to be dismissed lightly.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 555-570
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569235
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569235
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:555-570
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Buur
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Buur
Title: Democracy & its Discontents: Vigilantism, Sovereignty & Human Rights in South Africa
Abstract:
This article argues that due to the particular position of crime in South
Africa, the resurgence of vigilantism needs to be re-evaluated in light of
the country's attempt at institutionalising human rights as the new
society's founding values. Because many township dwellers see vigilantes
as their protection against crime, vigilantism should be seen as a
criticism of and a comment on human rights as the new expression of the
country's most intimate values. The article begins by introducing an
ethnographic case study of a vigilante group from Port Elizabeth's
townships, which has become incorporated as an official ‘Safety and
Security’ structure under the Community Policing Forum. The article
suggests that fighting crime relates to wider questions of the perceived
need for discipline and corporal punishment in response to the erosion of
social authority.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 571-584
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569250
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569250
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:571-584
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stig Jarle Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Stig Jarle
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Title: Private Security & Local Politics in Somalia
Abstract:
The use of private security by weak states is often seen to erode state
power and prevent national institution building. This article investigates
the use of private military force in Somalia and the three different
entities that exercise political authority within this geographically
defined territory, namely the Transitional Federal Government, Puntland,
and Somaliland. All three have contracted private security companies,
primarily to prevent piracy and illegal fishing in their costal waters.
The article shows that while the turmoil in Somalia continues to offer
lucrative investment opportunities for private security and military
companies of various sorts, it cannot be uniformly concluded that private
security always serves to weaken already fragile public authorities. On
the contrary, in some cases the activities of private military companies
have served to strengthen the power of local authorities.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 585-598
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569268
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569268
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:585-598
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hamilton Sipho Simelane
Author-X-Name-First: Hamilton Sipho
Author-X-Name-Last: Simelane
Title: Security for All? Politics, Economy & the Growth of Private Security in Swaziland
Abstract:
Like many other African countries, Swaziland has in recent years
experienced a rapid growth of various private security initiatives. In
urban areas, security privatisation manifests itself in the form of a
mushrooming of formal private security companies, while in rural areas,
where the majority of people live, informal Community Police groups
operating outside the control and recognition of the public police provide
protection against crime. This article argues that the growth of private
security initiatives in Swaziland cannot be understood only with reference
to the ‘weak’ African state, but must also be analysed in
the context of the country's unequal political economy and the utilisation
of public security forces for regime security.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 599-612
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569276
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:599-612
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kwesi Aning
Author-X-Name-First: Kwesi
Author-X-Name-Last: Aning
Author-Name: Thomas Jaye
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaye
Author-Name: Samuel Atuobi
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Atuobi
Title: The Role of Private Military Companies in US-Africa Policy
Abstract:
This article discusses the increasing use of private military companies
(PMCs) in United States’ security policy in Africa, and examines
this phenomenon in relation to the US’ various military training
programmes on the continent. We argue that the increasing use of PMCs in
US security policy has evolved due to two critical and mutually dependent
developments; African state weakness and resource stringency on the one
hand, and the US's overwhelming security commitments around the world,
combined with military downsizing, on the other. The article further
argues that the involvement of PMCs is to a large extent informed by US
concerns about access to African resources, especially oil, in the face of
stiff competition from China. We conclude that the increasing US
engagement in Africa is highly militaristic and state-centric, and that it
is primarily conditioned by US strategic interests and does not
necessarily reflect African security concerns: human security for
development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 613-628
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569300
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569300
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:613-628
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredrik Söderbaum
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderbaum
Title: Unlocking the Relationship Between the WTO & Regional Integration Arrangements (RIAs)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 629-633
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569334
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:629-633
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Keenan
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan
Title: Demystifying Africa's Security
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 634-644
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802569367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802569367
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:634-644
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sean McFate
Author-X-Name-First: Sean
Author-X-Name-Last: McFate
Title: Outsourcing the Making of Militaries: DynCorp International as Sovereign Agent
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 645-654
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802574037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802574037
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:645-654
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cyrus O'Brien
Author-X-Name-First: Cyrus
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Brien
Title: The Dynamics of Private Security in Senegal
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 655-659
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802574078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802574078
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:655-659
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Coyle CMG
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Coyle CMG
Title: Prison Privatisation in the African Context
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 660-665
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802574086
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802574086
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:660-665
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bene E. Madunagu
Author-X-Name-First: Bene E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Madunagu
Title: The Nigerian Feminist Movement: Lessons from Women in Nigeria, WIN*
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 666-673
Issue: 118
Volume: 35
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240802574136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240802574136
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:35:y:2008:i:118:p:666-673
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Trefon
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Trefon
Title: Public Service Provision in a Failed State: Looking Beyond Predation in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract:
‘The state is dying but not yet dead’ and ‘the state
is so present, but so useless’ are also commonly heard refrains.
These popular sentiments, inexorably expressed in all of the country's
languages by the poor and the well-to-do, have been described by
development experts and political scientists as state failure. But why is
the state still so powerful and omnipresent in the daily lives of these
people wronged by colonial oppression, dictatorship, economic
underdevelopment and more recently, unresolved political transition? How,
concretely, does the state manifest itself? Does the raison
d’être of the Congolese state go beyond the violence
of exploitation and predation? The objective of this article is to respond
to these questions, contributing to our understanding of the function and
dysfunction of the Congolese state, notably during the post-Mobutu
transition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 9-21
Issue: 119
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240902863587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240902863587
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:119:p:9-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: The Student-Intelligentsia in sub-Saharan Africa: Structural Adjustment, Activism and Transformation
Abstract:
University students acquired a politically privileged status in much of
sub-Saharan Africa; this was connected to the role the
student-intelligentsia played in the struggles for independence. After
independence, student activism became an important feature of the new
states. However, higher education on the continent came under sustained
attack in the 1980s and 1990s, with the policies of the IMF and World Bank
reversing the generous funding national universities had received. This
cast student activists into a world transformed by political and economic
forces, contested in waves of popular protest. While students in many
cases maintained their status as politically privileged actors, they now
did so in countries where there had been a convergence of popular classes.
This article charts some of these developments, and argues that the
student-intelligentsia has played a diverse and contradictory role in the
recent political and economic upheavals on the continent.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 63-78
Issue: 119
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240902885705
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240902885705
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:119:p:63-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian Flint
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Flint
Title: The End of a ‘Special Relationship’? The New EU--ACP Economic Partnership Agreements
Abstract:
The WTO-sanctioned waiver for the extension of the Lomé system of
preferences to the African, Caribbean Pacific (ACP) countries expired in
December 2007. This deadline coincided with the scheduled conclusion of
the EU--ACP Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) negotiations, initiated
in 2002. The origins of the EU--ACP relationship stretch back to the early
days of the European Community, and were formalised in 1975 with the
signing of the Georgetown Agreement. However, there has been a notable
‘cooling’ of the relationship since the signing of the
Cotonou Partnership Agreement in 2000. For many, the new EPA framework is
perceived as a diktat rather than a true partnership agreement. This
article reviews the culmination of six years of talks between the two
sides and the EU's apparent ‘rationalisation’ of a
decades-old partnership.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 79-92
Issue: 119
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240902863595
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240902863595
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:119:p:79-92
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Kjetil Tronvoll
Author-X-Name-First: Kjetil
Author-X-Name-Last: Tronvoll
Title: Conflict and Peace in the Horn of Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 151-163
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086485
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:151-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terrence Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Terrence
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Title: The Ethiopia--Eritrea Conflict and the Search for Peace in the Horn of Africa
Abstract:
The Ethiopia-Eritrea border dispute is embedded within a set of domestic
political conflicts in each state, is linked further through proxy
conflicts to instability in Somalia and the Ogaden, and is skewed
additionally by the application of Washington's global counter-terrorism
policies to the region. Each of these arenas of contention has its own
history, issues, actors and dynamic; however, each is also distorted by
processes of conflict escalation and de-escalation in the other arenas.
The intermeshing of domestic insecurities, interstate antagonisms, and
global policies create regional ‘security complexes’ in
which the security of each actor is intrinsically linked to the others and
cannot realistically be considered apart from one another. Prospects for
both the escalation and resolution of the Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict are
linked to domestic political processes (such as increasing
authoritarianism), regional dynamics (such as local rivalries played out
in Somalia) and international policies (such as US counter-terrorism
policies).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 167-180
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903068053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903068053
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:167-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Clapham
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Clapham
Title: Post-war Ethiopia: The Trajectories of Crisis
Abstract:
This article addresses current crises of governance in Ethiopia. Internal
conflicts within the ruling coalition arise from its origins in a
localised insurgency and its flawed capacity to create a broader political
base. In the national context, particularly in the major towns, it rules
only by effective force and not through dialogue or negotiation. A policy
of ethnic federalism promised devolution of powers to local areas, but
founders on the difficulty of reconciling autonomous systems of power and
authority within a common political structure. Internationally, Ethiopia
has had considerable success, presenting itself as a model of ‘good
governance’ with donor approval. Having accepted the basic tenets
of neoliberalism, it also backed the ‘global war on terror’,
giving it scope to promote its own agenda, with US backing, in Somalia.
Its cardinal problem remains the management of diversity and opposition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 181-192
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903064953
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903064953
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:181-192
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lovise Aalen
Author-X-Name-First: Lovise
Author-X-Name-Last: Aalen
Author-Name: Kjetil Tronvoll
Author-X-Name-First: Kjetil
Author-X-Name-Last: Tronvoll
Title: The End of Democracy? Curtailing Political and Civil Rights in Ethiopia
Abstract:
This article assesses political developments in Ethiopia after its 2005
federal and regional watershed elections. Although an unprecedented
liberalisation took place ahead of the contested and controversial 2005
polls, a crack-down occurred in the wake of the elections, when the
opposition was neutralised. Subsequently, the government rolled out a
deliberate plan to prevent any future large-scale protest against their
grip on power by establishing an elaborate administrative structure of
control, developing new legislative instruments of suppression and,
finally, curbing any electoral opposition as seen in the conduct of the
2008 local elections. As a result, Ethiopia has by 2008 returned firmly
into the camp of authoritarian regimes.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 193-207
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903065067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903065067
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:193-207
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Reid
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Reid
Title: The Politics of Silence: Interpreting Stasis in Contemporary Eritrea
Abstract:
This article examines the current stand-off between the Eritrean
government and the broader population, with an appreciation of the
historical dynamics that have influenced the contemporary situation. It is
argued here that although little appears to be changing in Eritrea on the
surface, subtle but important shifts in attitude are taking place, both
within government and among the broader populace. The article explores
contemporary political culture in Eritrea, including the system which has
developed around the position of the President Isaias Afwerki, and in
particular focuses on the marked degree of militarisation which now
characterises Eritrean society. Specifically, education has now become
highly militarised, while the issue of the ‘demarcation’ of
the border with Ethiopia -- a key issue since the ceasefire in 2000 -- has
wider implications for future relations between government and people.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 209-221
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903065125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903065125
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:209-221
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ken Menkhaus
Author-X-Name-First: Ken
Author-X-Name-Last: Menkhaus
Title: Somalia: ‘They Created a Desert and Called it Peace(building)’
Abstract:
This article documents the humanitarian, political and security
dimensions of the current Somali crisis and assesses the external policies
that are playing an increasingly central role in the conflict. It advances
the thesis that in 2007 and 2008 external Western and UN actors treated
Somalia as a post-conflict setting when in fact their own policies helped
to inflame armed conflict and insecurity there. As a result there was no
peace for peacekeepers to keep, no state to which state-building projects
could contribute, and increasingly little humanitarian space in which aid
agencies could reach over 3 million Somalis in need of emergency relief.
The gap between Somali realities on the ground and the set of assumptions
on which aid and diplomatic policies toward Somalia have been constructed
is wide and deep.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 223-233
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903083136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903083136
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:223-233
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carla Castañeda
Author-X-Name-First: Carla
Author-X-Name-Last: Castañeda
Title: How Liberal Peacebuilding May Be Failing Sierra Leone
Abstract:
The concept of security is the driver for peacebuilding and development,
as well as social and political change in post-conflict countries. A
review and analysis of three key government documents indicates that, in
Sierra Leone, securitisation discourse is embedded in both the political
economy discourse of the state and in the popular imagination. The
Security Sector Review equates security and peace while the country's
Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper sees security as a driver for change. The
2006 Work Plan of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Security
illustrates the extent to which the work of ministries is security-based.
Sierra Leone's political economy of post-conflict peacebuilding favours
macro-economic security that is to trickle down into social and political
peace. Discourse analysis shows that, framed within security parameters,
post-conflict peacebuilding is meant to have an effect of
‘trickle-down peace’ that in effect constrains
transformation with the potential for facilitating conditions for a return
to conflict.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 235-251
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903068046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903068046
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:235-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David P. Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Title: Revisiting Pedagogy of the Oppressed: Paulo Freire and Contemporary African Studies
Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to (re)introduce Paulo Freire's
Pedagogy of the Oppressed to the study of contemporary
African societies. Widely accepted as foundational work in the field of
critical pedagogy, it is argued that Freirean scholarship and analysis is
also useful in examining the top-down manner in which
‘development’ is currently being implemented on the
continent. By examining the case of post-apartheid South Africa, this
article posits that a Freirean understanding of liberation/freedom as a
dialogical exercise can aid in opening up a productive avenue of critical
enquiry regarding the post-colonial condition in sub-Saharan Africa. This
analysis will use Freire's theoretical work in order to contribute to the
literature regarding possibilities for more participatory, democratic and
bottom-up struggles for social justice.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 253-269
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903083268
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903083268
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:253-269
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: In memoriam Chris Allen (8 December 1942--29 September 2008)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 271-272
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903083284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903083284
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:271-272
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Schmidt
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt
Author-Name: James H. Mittelman
Author-X-Name-First: James H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mittelman
Author-Name: Fantu Cheru
Author-X-Name-First: Fantu
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheru
Author-Name: Aili Mari Tripp
Author-X-Name-First: Aili Mari
Author-X-Name-Last: Tripp
Title: Development in Africa: What is the Cutting Edge in Thinking and Policy?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 273-282
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086576
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:273-282
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: What Will the World Financial Crisis Do to Africa?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 283-286
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086600
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:283-286
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Vines
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Vines
Author-Name: Markus Weimer
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Weimer
Title: Angola: Thirty Years of Dos Santos
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 287-294
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903083417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903083417
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:287-294
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rory Pilossof
Author-X-Name-First: Rory
Author-X-Name-Last: Pilossof
Title: ‘Dollarisation’ in Zimbabwe and the Death of an Industry
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 294-299
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903083441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903083441
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:294-299
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Death
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Death
Title: Carbon Trading: A Critical Conversation on Climate Change, Privatisation and Power
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 301-302
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903083656
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903083656
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:301-302
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dave Renton
Author-X-Name-First: Dave
Author-X-Name-Last: Renton
Title: Revolt and Protest: Student Politics and Activism in Sub-Saharan Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 302-303
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086345
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:302-303
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barry Riddell
Author-X-Name-First: Barry
Author-X-Name-Last: Riddell
Title: The Globalizers: The IMF, the World Bank, and Their Borrowers
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 304-305
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086360
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086360
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:304-305
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Lungu
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Lungu
Title: Mineworkers in Zambia: Labour and Political Change in Post-Colonial Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 305-307
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086386
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:305-307
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Abrahamsen
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahamsen
Title: High Stakes and Stakeholders. Oil Conflict and Security in Nigeria
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 307-308
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086394
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:307-308
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Walls
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Walls
Title: Becoming Somaliland
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 308-310
Issue: 120
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903086410
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903086410
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:120:p:308-310
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Africa's Future is up to Africans. Really?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 311-316
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903220654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903220654
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:311-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Understanding the ‘Zuma Tsunami’
Abstract:
Jacob Zuma's defeat of Thabo Mbeki's bid to serve a third term as the
president of the African National Congress (ANC) at the party's 52nd
National Conference in Polokwane in December 2007 provoked a torrent of
analysis. In large part, this was because Zuma himself was a highly
controversial and contradictory figure. On the one hand, the ANC's new
president was at the time having to fight against myriad charges of
corruption through the courts; on the other, although highly patriarchal
and conservative, he had earned the backing of the political left within
the Tripartite Alliance and, apparently, the enthusiastic support of many
among the poor. This article identifies eight ways in which the
‘Zuma tsunami’ was represented in the public discourse in
South Africa, identifying their sources, motivations, limitations and
overlaps, and concludes that the confusion around the issue of
‘what Zuma means’ represents a moment of extreme political
fluidity within the ANC.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 317-333
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903210739
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903210739
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:317-333
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Willett
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Willett
Title: Defence Expenditures, Arms Procurement and Corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract:
In November 2007, the UK Department for International Development (DFID)
launched its ‘Transparency in Defence Expenditure’, or TIDE,
initiative, designed to fight corruption in military expenditures and arms
procurement. Its initial focus was on sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a region
regarded as the most corrupt in the world. By focusing solely on the
bribe-takers in SSA while studiously avoiding reference to the
bribe-makers, DFID has opened itself up to accusations of double standards
and hypocrisy. Corruption in arms procurement in SSA represents a small
segment of a complex global pipeline that links Western arms firms and
licensing governments to corrupt foreign officials and offshore financial
institutions; tackling this web of corruption requires major reforms at
the level of global governance, not just in governance procedures in SSA.
With an analysis limited by inappropriate neoliberal methodologies and
tainted by the alleged corrupt practices of British arms firms operating
within SSA, DFID has been forced to put its TIDE initiative on the back
burner.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-351
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903210754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903210754
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:335-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie Harman
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: Harman
Title: Fighting HIV and AIDS: Reconfiguring the State?
Abstract:
US$10 billion goes to fight HIV and AIDS annually. This money has been
accompanied by the introduction of quasi-governmental bodies, a
mushrooming of civil society actors and high-level political commitments
of states and international agencies. This article argues that the
multiplicity of actors involved in the HIV and AIDS response has led to a
re-modelling of the state in East Africa. Moreover, this re-modelling does
not exist in isolation of wider trends within the global political
economy, but is instead led by the World Bank as part of its wider
governance reform agenda in which notions of sovereignty and partnership
are challenged under the rubric of ownership. The article considers the
role of the National AIDS Councils, the president, civil society and the
Ministries of Health in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda within the World Bank's
Multi-Country AIDS Program to explore this relationship.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 353-367
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903210846
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903210846
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:353-367
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Issaka K. Souaré
Author-X-Name-First: Issaka K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Souaré
Title: The International Criminal Court and African Conflicts: The Case of Uganda
Abstract:
For more than two decades, the rebel Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) has
been committing some of the most appalling human rights violations and war
crimes against civilian populations in northern Uganda. The Ugandan
Government has been unable to defeat the rebel movement and effectively
protect the civilian populations from its carnage. This situation led the
government to pass the Amnesty Act of 2000 in a bid to entice the group's
leaders to end the fighting. Subsequently, the International Criminal
Court (ICC), at the request of the Ugandan Government, issued arrest
warrants in 2005 for the five main leaders of the movement, a move
regarded by some as the main stumbling block to peace in Uganda, as the
rebels are insisting on the annulment of these warrants before they can
sign a definitive peace agreement. This article examines the dilemma that
this situation seems to have created in the peace process in Uganda. It
concludes that the ICC should be firm in combating impunity, but flexible
in accepting other alternatives to attributive justice whenever
necessitated by the situation, as its own statute acknowledges.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 369-388
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211083
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:369-388
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asma Mohamed Abdel Halim
Author-X-Name-First: Asma Mohamed Abdel
Author-X-Name-Last: Halim
Title: Women's Organisations Seeking Gender Justice in the Sudan 1964--1985
Abstract:
The Sudan had a multiple legal system governing various aspects of its
people's lives, however Shar`ia has been applied
consistently to family law. Shar`ia, Muslim's
interpretation of religious norms expressed in the Qura'n
and Sunna, differed according to the time and place of
application. This article compares two women's groups, the Sudanese
Women's Union and the Republican Sisters, discussing the factors that
shaped their methods and conceptualisation of their quest to seek gender
justice without losing religious legitimacy. The Republican Sisters proved
that a reinterpretation of Islamic norms can be advocated by a religious
group, and not just by secular ones. The political and social climate had,
and continues to have, a significant effect on the laws and the ways women
react to their suppression in the name of religion.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 389-407
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903220589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903220589
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:389-407
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Boku Tache
Author-X-Name-First: Boku
Author-X-Name-Last: Tache
Author-Name: Gufu Oba
Author-X-Name-First: Gufu
Author-X-Name-Last: Oba
Title: Policy-driven Inter-ethnic Conflicts in Southern Ethiopia
Abstract:
Persistent inter-ethnic conflicts in southern Ethiopia have created a
crisis in security of customary land tenure in the grazing lands. This
article explores the links between government administrative policies and
inter-ethnic conflicts on grazing resource borders by discussing the
historical relationships between contesting pastoral groups, their
perceptions of resource borders and how the groups used government
policies of ethnic-based decentralisation and referendum to claim
ownership rights to grazing lands. The article contextualises the
discussions within the politics of land use. Inter-ethnic conflicts have
interfered with customary resource allocations by undermining customary
institutions for resource sharing. There is a need for urgent dialogue
between the government and different pastoral communities for negotiating
access to key resources supported by conflict resolution in the southern
rangelands of Ethiopia.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 409-426
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211125
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:409-426
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvester Odion-Akhaine
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvester
Author-X-Name-Last: Odion-Akhaine
Title: The Student Movement in Nigeria: Antinomies and Transformation1
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 427-433
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211133
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:427-433
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Demere Kitunga
Author-X-Name-First: Demere
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitunga
Author-Name: Marjorie Mbilinyi
Author-X-Name-First: Marjorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbilinyi
Title: Rooting Transformative Feminist Struggles in Tanzania at Grassroots
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 433-441
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211158
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211158
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:433-441
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Kelly
Author-X-Name-First: Bob
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly
Title: The Ghanaian Election of 2008
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 441-450
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903220613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903220613
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:441-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: Southern African Liberation Movements as Governments and the Limits to Liberation1
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 451-459
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211190
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:451-459
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Powell
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Powell
Title: Under the Tree of Talking: Leadership for Change in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 461-462
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211265
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:461-462
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Cramer
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Cramer
Title: Inside Rebellion: The Politics of Insurgent Violence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 462-464
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211281
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:462-464
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Page
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Page
Title: The Intestines of the State: Youth, Violence and Belated Histories in the Cameroon Grassfields
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 464-466
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211323
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:464-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Routley
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Routley
Title: Corruption and Development: The Anti-Corruption Campaigns
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 466-467
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211349
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211349
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:466-467
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David P. Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Title: The World Bank: Development, Poverty, Hegemony
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 467-468
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211364
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211364
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:467-468
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Bilgic
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilgic
Title: Africa and Fortress Europe: Threats and Opportunities
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 469-470
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211430
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211430
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:469-470
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dean Kampanje Phiri
Author-X-Name-First: Dean Kampanje
Author-X-Name-Last: Phiri
Author-Name: Jessica Mzamu Kampanje
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Mzamu
Author-X-Name-Last: Kampanje
Title: Fearless Fighter: An Autobiography
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 470-472
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211455
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:470-472
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ekua Ekumah
Author-X-Name-First: Ekua
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekumah
Title: Death and the King's Horseman
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 472-473
Issue: 121
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903211471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903211471
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:121:p:472-473
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Title: Against One-dimensional Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 475-478
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903374824
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903374824
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:475-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Kragelund
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Kragelund
Title: Knocking on a Wide-open Door: Chinese Investments in Africa
Abstract:
The current strong foothold of Chinese enterprises on the African
continent concerns many Western observers. They fear that the West will
lose leverage in Africa and simultaneously postpone development.
Paradoxically, the advance of Chinese enterprises in Africa is not only
the result of deliberate Chinese policies to gain access to resources and
markets, but also the consequence of liberal African investment policies
imposed by Western donors in the past. This article uses Zambia as a case
study to challenge the often one-sided view of the local consequences of
China's engagement with Africa, and it shows that we need to consider the
type of policies that guide investment flows, in order to increase the
local benefits of China's growing presence in the continent.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 479-497
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346111
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:479-497
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ebenezer Obadare
Author-X-Name-First: Ebenezer
Author-X-Name-Last: Obadare
Author-Name: Wale Adebanwi
Author-X-Name-First: Wale
Author-X-Name-Last: Adebanwi
Title: Transnational Resource Flow and the Paradoxes of Belonging: Redirecting the Debate on Transnationalism, Remittances, State and Citizenship in Africa
Abstract:
The rise in the volume of known global foreign worker remittances to
countries of origin has sparked considerable academic and policy interest.
Much attention has been paid to the assumed ‘development’
potential of these financial remittances, an approach which encapsulates
the tendency to envisage the consequences of remittance flows in
overwhelmingly economic terms. This article takes issue with such an
approach, arguing for a refocusing of the debate on remittances in
recipient societies on the crucially important, yet largely neglected,
political realm. It posits that in formations where a significant aspect
of the population relies on external grants for everyday provisioning,
questions on the possible implications of their reliance for civic
engagement, social citizenship and political allegiance become imperative.
The article proposes a conceptual framework for interrogating the effects
of the emergence of a discursive ‘remittance class’ for
notions of citizenship, state--society relations, and the changing
patterns and forms of identity in African and other remittance-dependent
societies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 499-517
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346129
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:499-517
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Tyler Dickovick
Author-X-Name-First: J. Tyler
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickovick
Title: Revolutionising Local Politics? Radical Experiments in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Uganda in the 1980s
Abstract:
This article compares three African countries whose attempts to transform
local governance in the 1980s were among the most dramatic, particularly
in rural areas: Burkina Faso under Thomas Sankara (1983--1987), Ghana in
the early years of the Jerry Rawlings presidency (1981--1992), and Uganda
under Yoweri Museveni (1985--present). Despite surface similarities,
especially in the establishment of local ‘people's defence
councils’ or ‘resistance councils’, the three
experiments had quite different outcomes, as a function both of antecedent
conditions in state--society relations and of regimes' choices. A
structured comparative-historical argument highlights differing state
strategies vis-à-vis important social forces, especially traditional
chiefs. Regimes' choices between confrontation,
coexistence, and the construction of new
relations with social forces resulted in different degrees of local
political change. The ‘revolutionary’ local experiments
provide insight into a general theory of African politics, in which
states' transformational powers in rural areas remain circumscribed by
entrenched local forces.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 519-537
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346137
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346137
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:519-537
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thorkil Casse
Author-X-Name-First: Thorkil
Author-X-Name-Last: Casse
Author-Name: Stig Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Stig
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Title: Do We Understand the Linkages between Economic Growth, Poverty Targets and Poverty Reduction?
Abstract:
This article contributes to the debate on poverty trends in Africa,
looking at the argument for a correspondence between economic growth and
poverty reduction. It questions whether a link between economic growth and
poverty reduction can be established. First there is a look at the general
picture in Africa and no convincing evidence of this link is found, before
the article turns to two countries, Burkina Faso and Madagascar, which on
the surface seem to exemplify the link. However, in Burkina Faso the link
exists only in a limited way and for only a short period (1998--2003),
while in Madagascar, where the link appears more obvious, social and
political unrest in 2009 casts doubt on the reliability of the data.
Indeed, it is probable that an increase in poverty contributed to the
crisis in Madagascar. Furthermore, there are signs that in both countries
poverty strategies are increasingly giving way to Poverty Reduction Growth
Facility programmes, closely related to former structural adjustment
loans. It is concluded, first, that analysing poverty strategies through
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers does not help in resolving the
uncertainty, since these strategies assume a priori the
existence of a link between economic growth and poverty reduction; second,
that collection and interpretation of poverty data could be biased, with
the World Bank, for example, having an interest in showing improvements in
poverty reduction in Africa; and, finally, that the paucity of data needs,
at the very least, to be recognised as a major problem.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 539-553
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346145
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:539-553
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ibaba S. Ibaba
Author-X-Name-First: Ibaba S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibaba
Title: Violent Conflicts and Sustainable Development in Bayelsa State
Abstract:
Although the literature on the Niger Delta has highlighted the impact of
the violence raging in the region, the analysis appears to have
under-emphasised the effects of violent conflicts on sustainable
development in the region. This study sets out to fill this gap. To
achieve this, an empirical investigation involving 30 communities was
conducted. The study shows that violent conflicts have undermined
environmental quality through pollution and unsustainable exploitation of
resources. The destruction of lives and property, the stagnation of
infrastructure and agricultural development, and the insecurity caused by
violence are noted to have constrained productivity, wealth creation and
poverty reduction. Governance based on accountability, transparency, and
the pursuit of the public good or common interest is seen as the most
likely means to end the violence and secure sustainable development in the
state.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 555-573
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346152
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:555-573
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremiah O. Arowosegbe
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremiah O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Arowosegbe
Title: Violence and National Development in Nigeria: The Political Economy of Youth Restiveness in the Niger Delta
Abstract:
One element in the contradictions underpinning Nigeria's development
crisis is the marginalisation of the youth. This article examines the
factors that influence youth restiveness in Nigeria's Niger Delta region.
It discusses the impact of conservative elite politics and the oil-centric
political economy characterised by the impoverishment, neglect and the
repression of the oil-producing communities on the youth in the region.
The article raises pertinent questions on the violence--development
dialectic, drawing upon the context, dynamics, explanations and impact of
youth violence in Nigeria's oil-rich Niger Delta. It examines the
contradictions and injustices existing against the ethnic minorities of
the oil-bearing communities in the region, from the centralisation of oil
revenues by the federal centre and how these have generated
marginalisation and violent conflict in the region. Detailing the
repressive responses by the Nigerian state and the forms of violence that
have occurred in the region between 1999 and 2007, the article discusses
the implications of youth violence in the oil-rich Niger Delta for
national development in Nigeria. It provides a context for understanding
the connection between youth involvement in violent conflict and its
deleterious impact on Nigeria's development. Tapping into issues of
ethnicity and high-stake elite politics, it locates violent youth
behaviour in the politics of exclusion and proffers suggestions for
restoring the trust of marginalised youth as a necessary step toward
development and peace in Nigeria.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 575-594
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346178
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:575-594
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Title: Removing Neocolonialism's APRM Mask: A Critique of the African Peer Review Mechanism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 595-603
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346186
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346186
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:595-603
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabrielle Lynch
Author-X-Name-First: Gabrielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch
Title: Durable Solution, Help or Hindrance? The Failings and Unintended Implications of Relief and Recovery Efforts for Kenya's Post-election IDPs
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 604-610
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346194
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:604-610
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter T. Jacobs
Author-X-Name-First: Peter T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobs
Title: Questioning Pro-poor Responses to the Global Economic Slump
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 611-619
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346210
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346210
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:611-619
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Author-Name: Mahmood Mamdani
Author-X-Name-First: Mahmood
Author-X-Name-Last: Mamdani
Title: Introduction
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 621-629
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346228
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:621-629
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harry Verhoeven
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoeven
Author-Name: Lydiah Kemunto Bosire
Author-X-Name-First: Lydiah Kemunto
Author-X-Name-Last: Bosire
Author-Name: Sharath Srinivasan
Author-X-Name-First: Sharath
Author-X-Name-Last: Srinivasan
Title: Understanding Sudan's Saviors and Survivors: Darfur in the Crossfire between Humanitarian Fundamentalism and Khartoum's Divide and Rule
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 630-635
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346244
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:630-635
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred B. Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Author-Name: Ibrahim Abdullah
Author-X-Name-First: Ibrahim
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdullah
Author-Name: 'Funmi Olonisakin
Author-X-Name-First: 'Funmi
Author-X-Name-Last: Olonisakin
Title: Tributes to Tajudeen Abdul-Raheem (1961--2009)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 637-640
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346269
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346269
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:637-640
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Haroub Othman (1942--2009)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 641-643
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346277
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:641-643
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Arrighi and Africa: Farewell Thoughts
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 644-649
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346293
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:644-649
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Chris Allen (8 December 1942--29 September 2008)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 651-652
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346301
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:651-652
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Freund
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Title: Saviors and Survivors; Darfur, Politics and the War on Terror
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 653-655
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346319
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:653-655
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Shola Omotola
Author-X-Name-First: J. Shola
Author-X-Name-Last: Omotola
Title: Votes, Money and Violence: Political Parties and Elections in Sub-Saharan Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 656-657
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346327
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:656-657
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Parfitt
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor
Author-X-Name-Last: Parfitt
Title: Neoliberalism, Civil Society and Security in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 657-659
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346335
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346335
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:657-659
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacob Mundy
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Mundy
Title: Managing Instability in Algeria: Elites and Political Change since 1995
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 659-660
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903346343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903346343
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:659-660
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marinko Banjac
Author-X-Name-First: Marinko
Author-X-Name-Last: Banjac
Title: Decolonization and Empire: Contesting the Rhetoric and Reality of Resubordination in Southern Africa and Beyond
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 660-662
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903351368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903351368
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:660-662
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linnea Bergholm
Author-X-Name-First: Linnea
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergholm
Title: The United Nations, Peace and Security: From Collective Security to the Responsibility to Protect
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 662-663
Issue: 122
Volume: 36
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240903351384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240903351384
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:36:y:2009:i:122:p:662-663
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Post-neoliberalism?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-5
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637839
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:1-5
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Pantuliano
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Pantuliano
Title: Oil, land and conflict: the decline of Misseriyya pastoralism in Sudan1
Abstract:
This article examines the strategies employed by Misseriyya pastoralists
in Sudan to cope with a number of external pressures ranging from adverse
government policies, climatic changes, the impact of oil exploration,
conflict and the effects of Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The
paper analyses the current political context and discusses the tensions
with other local and national actors in the context of the unresolved
dispute over Abyei.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-23
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637847
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637847
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:7-23
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Title: Rebellion of the poor: South Africa's service delivery protests -- a preliminary analysis
Abstract:
Since 2004, South Africa has experienced a movement of local protests
amounting to a rebellion of the poor. This has been widespread and
intense, reaching insurrectionary proportions in some cases. On the
surface, the protests have been about service delivery and against
uncaring, self-serving, and corrupt leaders of municipalities. A key
feature has been mass participation by a new generation of fighters,
especially unemployed youth but also school students. Many issues that
underpinned the ascendency of Jacob Zuma also fuel the present action,
including a sense of injustice arising from the realities of persistent
inequality. While the inter-connections between the local protests, and
between the local protests and militant action involving other elements of
civil society, are limited, it is suggested that this is likely to change.
The analysis presented here draws on rapid-response research conducted by
the author and his colleagues in five of the so-called ‘hot
spots’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 25-40
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637870
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637870
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:25-40
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleksandra W. Gadzala
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gadzala
Title: From formal- to informal-sector employment: examining the Chinese presence in Zambia
Abstract:
This paper analyses China's recent engagement with Zambia, examining
especially Chinese hiring practices, methods of business organisation and
the labour conditions maintained by Chinese-operated construction and
mining firms. Moving beyond existing analyses which remain focused solely
on Chinese trade, aid and investment, this study begins to explore the
micro-level of Chinese ventures, arguing that the continued employment of
co-nationals as well as the generally substandard labour conditions
maintained by Chinese firms lead to the offloading of Zambian workers into
the country's burgeoning informal economy. There, newly emerged Chinese
businesses stand to threaten local entrepreneurs who lack the resources
necessary to parry Chinese competition. The result is a rapidly growing
national unemployment rate and an increasing number of Zambians left
struggling to sustain their livelihoods. This paper further argues that
the characteristics defining China's engagement with Zambia are not
particular to the Zambian context alone, but are rather abiding
characteristics of overseas Chinese businesses in general. The paper
ultimately calls for a policy framework regulating Chinese business
activities in Zambia, lest the negative consequences of the Sino-Zambian
partnership prevail.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 41-59
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637904
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:41-59
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Race, class, gender and voice: four terrains of liberation
Abstract:
This article focuses on the complex conceptual and practical terrain
offered by the concept of ‘liberation’, both analytically
and practically. It argues that liberation is best considered to be a
multi-dimensional process, evoking an approach to its study (and to its
practice) that would take seriously its resonance, for purposes of the
analysis of Africa, as implicating struggle on the levels of race, class,
gender, and (democratic) voice. The article then seeks, with special
reference to South Africa, to suggest the costs that have accompanied a
collapsing of the meaning of the term ‘liberation’ into a
mere metaphor for national emancipation from colonial/quasi-colonial and
racially defined rule. Comfortable as the narrowing of its definition in
such a way may be to the domestic elites who have succeeded their former
colonial rulers into possession of formal power, it leaves great scope for
merely rationalising the imposition of a kind of recolonisation upon the
territories concerned and ensuring the continued subordination in class,
gender, and political terms of the vast mass of the ostensibly
‘liberated’ population. In sum, in both political and
theoretical terms the concept ‘liberation’ must be reclaimed
so as to permit both more precise scientific investigation and more
militant and engaged practical work.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 61-69
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637946
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:61-69
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin R. Cox
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox
Author-Name: Rohit Negi
Author-X-Name-First: Rohit
Author-X-Name-Last: Negi
Title: The state and the question of development in sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract:
A common view of the developmental prospects of sub-Saharan Africa is
that the crucial obstacle is political. Stronger states and representative
institutions are a necessary precondition for development. This is a
common view in both the media and in academe. The paper argues that this
is to get things the wrong way round. Rather it is development,
specifically the capitalist form of development, which is
the necessary condition for strong states and democratic institutions.
This is something which theorists of the state in Africa have got
consistently wrong. Strong states require in the first instance neither
the overthrow of patrimonialism nor of the bifurcated state. What they
require is a radical change in the property relations that tend to prevail
over most of the sub-continent: a change that would instantiate a process
of capital accumulation but which is unlikely to be forthcoming.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 71-85
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637961
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637961
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:71-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: Briefings reloaded: tell us about it
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 87-88
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003637987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003637987
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:87-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvester Odion Akhaine
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvester Odion
Author-X-Name-Last: Akhaine
Title: Nigeria: politics and the end of oil
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 89-91
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003638001
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003638001
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:89-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Frelimo landslide in tainted election in Mozambique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 92-95
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003638019
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003638019
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:92-95
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Martiniello
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Martiniello
Title: South African farmers in the new scramble for African land
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 96-98
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003638035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003638035
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:96-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ashwin Desai
Author-X-Name-First: Ashwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Desai
Title: After the rainbow: following the footprints of the May 2008 xenophobic violence in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 99-105
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003638043
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003638043
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:99-105
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincent Tickner
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Tickner
Title: Mobile phones: the new talking drums of everyday Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-108
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00233601003630252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00233601003630252
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:107-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mala Mustapha
Author-X-Name-First: Mala
Author-X-Name-Last: Mustapha
Title: The state of the state: institutional transformation, capacity and political change in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 109-110
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003630263
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003630263
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:109-110
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Da Vià
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Da Vià
Title: Globalization and restructuring of African commodity flows
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 111-112
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003630271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003630271
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:111-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elly Omondi Odhiambo
Author-X-Name-First: Elly Omondi
Author-X-Name-Last: Odhiambo
Title: The risks of knowledge: investigations into the death of the Hon. Minister John Robert Ouko in Kenya, 1990
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 113-114
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003630297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003630297
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:113-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: The World Bank and social transformation in international politics: liberalism, governance, and sovereignty
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 115-116
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003630305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003630305
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:115-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miles Larmer
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Larmer
Title: A new scramble for Africa? Imperialism, investment and development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 117-118
Issue: 123
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056241003630354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056241003630354
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:123:p:117-118
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Author-Name: Claire Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: Demanding development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 119-121
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.485420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.485420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:119-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Title: Fake capitalism? The dynamics of neoliberal moral restructuring and pseudo-development: the case of Uganda
Abstract:
Uganda is regarded as the African country that has adopted the neoliberal
reform package most extensively. Notably, neoliberal reforms have targeted
the reshaping not only of the economy but also of the society and culture.
The reforms aim to create a ‘market society’, which includes
a corresponding set of moral norms and behaviour. Reforms, therefore, have
to undermine, overwrite and displace pre-existing non-neoliberal norms,
values, orientations and practices among the population; they also have to
foster norms, values, orientations and practices that are in line with
neoliberal ideology. This article looks at the process of neoliberal moral
restructuring in Uganda since 1986. Extensive interviews in Kampala and
eastern Uganda reveal that the cultural dimension of rapid neoliberal
reform has negatively affected the relationships and trade practices
between smallholder farmers and traders in rural markets. Since the onset
of liberal economic reforms, face-to-face rural trade practices have been
characterised by higher levels of ‘malpractice’ and a change
in their form. Neoliberal Uganda is furthermore characterised by a spread
of destructive norms and practices in other economic sectors and sections
of society that have been ‘modernised’ according to
neoliberal prescriptions. Many respondents invoked ideas such as
‘moral degeneration’, ‘moral decay’, a
‘rotten society’ and
‘kiwaani’ (the title of a popular song,
used interchangeably with deceit,
tricking, or fake to describe behaviours
and objects) and were worried about the future of moral norms and business
practices in the country. The changes and trends described in this paper
seem difficult but not impossible to reverse.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 123-137
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484525
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:123-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: Ubuntu bashing: the marketisation of ‘African values’ in South Africa
Abstract:
Broadly defined as an ‘African worldview’ that places
communal interests above those of the individual, and where human
existence is dependent upon interaction with others,
ubuntu has a long tradition on the continent. This paper
explores the ways in which the philosophy and language of
ubuntu have been taken up and appropriated by market
ideologies in post-apartheid South Africa. The literature on
‘ubuntu capitalism’ offers the most obvious
illustration of this, but there are more subtle ways in which
ubuntu theory and language have been (re)introduced to
post-apartheid South Africa to support and reinforce neoliberal
policymaking. But rather than reject ubuntu thinking
outright as too compromised by this discursive shift, as much of the Left
in South Africa has done, the paper asks if there is something potentially
transformative about ubuntu beliefs and practices that
can be meaningfully revived for more progressive change.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 139-152
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.483902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.483902
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:139-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alison J. Ayers
Author-X-Name-First: Alison J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayers
Title: Sudan's uncivil war: the global--historical constitution of political violence
Abstract:
It is commonplace to characterise political violence and war in Africa as
‘internal’, encapsulated in the apparently neutral term
‘civil war’. As such, accounts of political violence tend to
focus narrowly on the combatants or insurrectionary forces, failing to
recognise or address the extent to which political violence is
historically and globally constituted. The article addresses this
problematic core assumption through examination of the case of Sudan,
seeking to contribute to a rethinking of protracted political violence and
social crisis in post-colonial Africa. The article interjects in such
debates through the use and detailed exposition of a distinct
methodological and analytical approach. It interrogates three related
dimensions of explanation which are ignored by orthodox framings of
‘civil war’: (1) the technologies of colonial rule which
(re)produced and politicised multiple fractures in social relations,
bequeathing a fissiparous legacy of racial, religious and ethnic
‘identities’ that have been mobilised in the context of
post-colonial struggles over power and resources; (2) the major role of
geopolitics in fuelling and exacerbating conflicts within Sudan and the
region, particularly through the cold war and the ‘war on
terror’; and (3) Sudan's terms of incorporation within the
capitalist global economy, which have given rise to a specific character
and dynamics of accumulation, based on primitive accumulation and
dependent primary commodity production. The article concludes that
political violence and crisis are neither new nor extraordinary nor
internal, but rather, crucial and constitutive dimensions of Sudan's
neo-colonial condition. As such, to claim that political violence in Sudan
is ‘civil’ is to countenance the triumph of ideology over
history.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 153-171
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.483888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.483888
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:153-171
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gunnar M. Sørbø
Author-X-Name-First: Gunnar M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sørbø
Title: Local violence and international intervention in Sudan
Abstract:
The efforts of the international community to build peace in Sudan have
been frustrated by the failure to stop the violence in Darfur, continuous
setbacks in the implementation of the 2005 peace agreement, and a failure
to remain sufficiently engaged with processes at the root of the violence.
This applies particularly to local conflicts and the ways in which they
interlock with national and regional conflicts. This paper highlights the
role that land issues have played both in poverty generation and in
driving and sustaining protracted conflict. The challenge is to take the
current complexity into account, not by perceiving local conflict dynamics
as merely a manifestation of macro-political cleavages, but as being
motivated by both top-down and bottom-up agendas. As Sudan is drifting
towards increasing fragmentation, an approach to peace-building is
required that can address multiple arenas and sources of conflict in a
much more integrated way than has been the case so far.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 173-186
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.483890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.483890
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:173-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jérôme Y. Bachelard
Author-X-Name-First: Jérôme Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bachelard
Title: The Anglo-Leasing corruption scandal in Kenya: the politics of international and domestic pressures and counter-pressures
Abstract:
Mwai Kibaki's election in 2002 raised enormous hopes: after 24 years'
repressive and corrupt rule by his predecessor Daniel Arap Moi, an
apparently reformist opposition leader had been democratically elected
president. The fight against corruption stood high among his electoral
promises. Unfortunately, a year and a half after his election, the
enormous Anglo-Leasing corruption scandal, and Kibaki's failure to
prosecute the ministers involved, marked the end of the anti-corruption
war. Building on existing Kenyan literature and international relations
scholarship on transnational advocacy networks, this article
systematically analyses the impact of both international and domestic
pressures exerted on Kibaki to fight corruption. It confirms that this
combination of pressures explains Kibaki's initial dismissal of the
ministers involved. However, analysis of the
‘counter-pressures’ is also necessary to understand the
crisis in all its complexity. Desperately seeking electoral support for
the 2007 election, Kibaki acquiesced to ethnically based counter-pressures
exerted by the dismissed ministers, and reinstated them.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 187-200
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.483903
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.483903
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:187-200
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: South Africa -- the ANC's difficult allies
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 201-212
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.483894
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.483894
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:201-212
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Pellizzoli
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta
Author-X-Name-Last: Pellizzoli
Title: ‘Green revolution’ for whom? Women's access to and use of land in the Mozambique Chókwè irrigation scheme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 213-220
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.483896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.483896
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:213-220
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kwesi Sansculotte-Greenidge
Author-X-Name-First: Kwesi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sansculotte-Greenidge
Title: A contest of visions: Ethiopia's 2010 election
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 221-227
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484124
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:221-227
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristiana Panella
Author-X-Name-First: Cristiana
Author-X-Name-Last: Panella
Title: Patrons and petits patrons: knowledge and hierarchy in illicit networks of trade in archaeological objects in the Baniko region of Mali
Abstract:
This article focuses on the hierarchical relationships governing the
local illicit trading networks in terracotta antiquities in the region of
Baniko, in Mali. The level of authority and social control at the heart of
the network lessens with each link in the chain, as a result of the
monopoly and the fragmentation of knowledge. The article demonstrates that
the social organisation of the network corresponds to a hierarchical
habitus that ensures that the status quo
of the dominant actors (urban antique dealers, rural antique dealers and
intermediaries) is maintained through the economic dependence of the rural
diggers, the monopoly of information and control of the network. Analysis
of the first links in the network shows that action by rural
intermediaries in the chain with respect to the weak links in the chain
(the rural diggers) reproduces ‘micropolitics of power’ that
are modelled on the same strategies of compartmentalisation of the local
links, as used by the dominant actors on the rural intermediaries.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 228-237
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484125
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:228-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joyce Ashuntantang
Author-X-Name-First: Joyce
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashuntantang
Title: Scribbles from the den: essays on politics and collective memory in Cameroon
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 239-240
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484126
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484126
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:239-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Kirkness
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkness
Title: France and the new imperialism. Security policy in sub-Saharan Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 241-242
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484129
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:241-242
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mala Mustapha
Author-X-Name-First: Mala
Author-X-Name-Last: Mustapha
Title: The quest for sustainable development and peace: the 2007 Sierra Leone elections
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 243-244
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484130
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484130
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:243-244
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: Oil and politics in the Gulf of Guinea
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 245-246
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484131
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:245-246
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gillian Hart
Author-X-Name-First: Gillian
Author-X-Name-Last: Hart
Title: Zunami! The South African elections of 2009
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 247-248
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484132
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484132
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:247-248
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derick Fay
Author-X-Name-First: Derick
Author-X-Name-Last: Fay
Title: Landmarked: land claims and restitution in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 249-250
Issue: 124
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.484133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.484133
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:124:p:249-250
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miles Larmer
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Larmer
Title: Social movement struggles in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 251-262
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510623
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510623
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:251-262
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Emmanuelle Pommerolle
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Emmanuelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Pommerolle
Title: The extraversion of protest: conditions, history and use of the ‘international’ in Africa
Abstract:
The growing number of international causes and an intensification in the
establishment of transnational networks in Africa are expanding a chain of
interdependency which links an ever-larger and more diverse set of actors
from North and South. It therefore seems relevant to revisit the debates
of the 1990s concerning the dependency of ‘African civil
society’ with regard to the North, through the concept of
‘extraversion’ within the political spaces of sub-Saharan
Africa. First, it is argued that the conditions and effects of this
internationalisation of protest actors are contradictory. Access to the
international sphere is subject to two forms of competition: social and
political. While universally determined by socially selective skills, such
access also provides a vehicle for social ascension. Meanwhile, in the
specifically African context, it is the object of intense political
battles, representing as such both a ‘refuge’ and a
resource, as well as a new source of coercion. Secondly, it is suggested
that the specific modalities of relationships between actors from North
and South tend to reproduce existing inequalities, with the effect that
northern models of protest (in terms of both themes and tools) ultimately
win out in African spaces. Finally, similarities in modalities of
implementation, in vocabulary, in the skills demanded by internationalised
mobilisations, and in the political and economic reforms introduced by
external actors, lead to the hypothesis that these transnational
mobilisations contribute to a reforming authoritarianism, that is to say
to the implementation of reforms which depoliticise social and political
issues and reproduce the established order. By repositioning mobilisations
with access to the international sphere within the history of African
political spaces, the concept of extraversion thus allows consideration of
their impact as agent of both emancipation and domination.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 263-279
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510633
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:263-279
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie Hrabanski
Author-X-Name-First: Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hrabanski
Title: Internal dynamics, the state, and recourse to external aid: towards a historical sociology of the peasant movement inSenegal since the 1960s
Abstract:
The paper presents a historical sociology of the peasant movement in
Senegal through three successive periods from its emergence until its
internationalisation. The analysis shows that recourse to external aid has
been an integral part of the Senegalese peasant movement, in that the
movement has developed within a multi-level political space where the
government of Senegal and external donors play a decisive role. However,
the peasant movement is also a product of its own dynamics and has
adjusted its strategies according to the national and international
political environment.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 281-297
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510627
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:281-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexis Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Alexis
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: Peasant struggles in Mali: from defending cotton producers’ interests to becoming part of the Malian power structures
Abstract:
This article describes how the organisation and representation of cotton
growers in Mali developed from the mid 1970s to the current day, from the
setting up of Village Associations through to the privatisation of the
cotton industry. The research focused most closely on the relationships
between the growers’ organisations and the state-owned cotton
company, as well as on the different struggles throughout this period. It
can be seen that at the same time as peasant participation was increasing,
a ‘cotton elite’ also emerged. Far from reshaping the power
structures operating in the cotton sector, this elite appropriated them.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 299-314
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510628
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:299-314
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Awondo
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Awondo
Title: The politicisation of sexuality and rise of homosexual movements in post-colonial Cameroon
Abstract:
The article analyses the emergence of ‘homosexual’
organisations in Cameroon. Originating in a controversy over lists of
public figures ‘presumed to be homosexual’ published in
three newspapers in 2006, it explores the link between a critical
political analysis of the concept of homosexuality and the emergence of
the homosexual movement in Cameroon. Two main organisations, the
Association pour la Défense des droits des
homosexuels (the Association for the Defence of Homosexual Rights
[ADEFHO]) and Alternatives-Cameroun, cover different
areas of activity, one concerned with sexual rights and the other with
sexual health. Their connectedness to the international systems in which
such causes are categorised is analysed, and it is suggested that this
connection operates as both a resource and a constraint. The role of the
actors illustrates the political tensions at play: these include youth,
organised collectively, who publicly reject homosexuality. The article
sets out to give a critical analysis of the issues underlying this
confrontation by demonstrating that it is also influenced by post-colonial
tensions and their repercussions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 315-328
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510624
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510624
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:315-328
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Rubbers
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubbers
Title: Claiming workers' rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo: the case of the Collectif des ex-agents de la Gécamines
Abstract:
Within the context of its strategy for the reform of public companies in
Africa, the World Bank became involved in redundancies of questionable
legality. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, for example, the Bank
arranged and financed a voluntary severance programme in 2003, whereby
10,000 employees of the mining company Gécamines, some 45% of its
workforce, left in return for an arbitrarily fixed lump-sum payment. Based
on ethnographic research, this paper discusses the history of the protest
movement which emerged from this mass redundancy programme, the arguments
deployed by the movement and the resources available to it. On the basis
of this case study, the paper goes on to offer some thoughts on the
conditions for social criticism in a transitional regime, heir to an
authoritarian tradition of long standing, and operating under the tutelage
of foreign donors.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 329-344
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510629
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:329-344
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bénédicte Maccatory
Author-X-Name-First: Bénédicte
Author-X-Name-Last: Maccatory
Author-Name: Makama Bawa Oumarou
Author-X-Name-First: Makama Bawa
Author-X-Name-Last: Oumarou
Author-Name: Marc Poncelet
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Poncelet
Title: West African social movements ‘against the high cost of living’: from the economic to the political, from the global to the national
Abstract:
The globalisation of the market for basic consumer goods, speculation,
and the success of biofuels production all underlie a recent return to the
international agenda of the issues of food security, food sovereignty and
the right to food. In 2008, the ‘high cost of living’
phenomenon sparked off numerous collective, urban, African protests
movements: these challenged and took the governments in power by surprise,
impelling them to react in different ways. This article describes and
analyses the social movements brought into being by activist organisations
(including unions, human rights organisations, and consumer associations)
in two countries, Niger and Burkina Faso, and demonstrates how important
it is to situate the movements in local temporalities and circumstances.
One of the main issues highlighted by the findings of the research is the
importance of local governance issues: the measures taken in relation to
the price rises were aimed more at the symptoms than at the underlying
causes, and had only short-term effects. The different temporalities of
world events hence played a very minor role, despite the connection of a
number of the actors, especially in Niger, to the international sphere via
anti-globalisation movements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 345-359
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510631
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:345-359
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Toby Leon Moorsom
Author-X-Name-First: Toby Leon
Author-X-Name-Last: Moorsom
Title: The zombies of development economics: Dambisa Moyo's Dead Aid and the fictional African entrepreneurs
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 361-371
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510630
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510630
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:361-371
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Title: Sudan's 2010 elections -- victories, boycotts and the future of a peace deal
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 373-379
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.510632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.510632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:373-379
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe L.P. Lugalla
Author-X-Name-First: Joe L.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lugalla
Title: Why planning does not work? Land use planning and residents' rights in Tanzania
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 381-386
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.511786
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.511786
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:381-386
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Martiniello
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Martiniello
Title: African land questions, agrarian transitions and the state: the contradictions of neo-liberal land reforms
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 387-389
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.511784
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.511784
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:387-389
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandran Komath
Author-X-Name-First: Chandran
Author-X-Name-Last: Komath
Title: Development and the African diaspora: place and the politics of home
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 390-391
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.511779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.511779
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:390-391
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miles Larmer
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Larmer
Title: Becoming Zimbabwe: A history from the pre-colonial period to 2008
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 392-393
Issue: 125
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.511938
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.511938
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:125:p:392-393
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: It is (always) the political economy, stupid!
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 395-402
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530958
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530958
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:395-402
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Williams
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Making a liberal state: ‘good governance’ in Ghana
Abstract:
This paper is concerned with the project of constructing a liberal state
as evinced through the World Bank's policies and practices of good
governance in Ghana. It argues that this project is an expression of
characteristically liberal ways of thinking about the state and its
relationship with its economy and society. The construction of a liberal
state involves more than simply reducing the scope of state power and
constraining state action through forms of accountability -- although it
does involve these. It is also about the constitution of the state as a
governmental agency with the capacity to enact reforms on its society --
in other words, the liberal state is one with significant autonomy and
agency; and it involves the engineering of that very ‘civil
society’ to which the state is to be made accountable.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 403-419
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530940
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:403-419
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lene Bull Christiansen
Author-X-Name-First: Lene Bull
Author-X-Name-Last: Christiansen
Title: Versions of violence: Zimbabwe's domestic violence law and symbolic politics of protection
Abstract:
This article argues that political uses of violence and discursive
representations of violence are part of a political discourse of
legitimacy in Zimbabwean politics, and that this discourse relies on a
gendered power matrix in which acts of violence are depicted either as
legitimate protection or as illegitimate aggression or terror. The
analysis is based on public debates about domestic violence legislation
and media representations of political uses of violence in 2006 and 2007.
However, this is viewed as part of a longer history of political violence,
entailing a symbolic politics of protection and political legitimacy, in
which the protection of the nation's women figures as metonymy for
‘the people’ in need of protection.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 421-435
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530941
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:421-435
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bashir Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Bashir
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Title: Repression of Sudanese civil society under the National Islamic Front/National Congress Party
Abstract:
Political change in Sudan gathered momentum after 1989, with the
government introducing policies of control and restriction on the one
hand, and an increasing number of civil society organisations seeking to
establish and legitimise their (autonomous) identity and secure their
continued existence on the other. This article concentrates uniquely on
Sudanese non-governmental organisations and civil society (notably
community-based organisations), focusing on the regime's institutions and
social organisation and social and political opposition to the regime. It
shows how the Islamic movement uses religion and power to sustain and
protect a political system which has lost its credibility and legitimacy
among many Sudanese. The article focuses on the rise of the National
Islamic Front from a small political party, through a period as the third
political force after the election of 1986, to a ruling party in the wake
of the military coup of 1989. It discusses structures and processes of
rule under the National Islamic Front, as well as the causes leading to
the failure of its own Islamic project in the country. It suggests that
the rise of an Islamic movement in Sudan is itself a reflection of a
decline in local or grassroots initiatives for social change, and
summarises relations between the National Islamic Front and
non-governmental/citizen-based organisations. It concludes that even in
the absence of democracy, and under a brutal authoritarian regime,
non-governmental organisations can engage effectively and contribute to
social and economic change, particularly those affecting the marginalised
poor, by raising issues of concern about, and promoting alternatives to,
political Islam.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 437-450
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530942
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:437-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amrita Narlikar
Author-X-Name-First: Amrita
Author-X-Name-Last: Narlikar
Title: India's rise to power: where does East Africa fit in?
Abstract:
Considerable uncertainty surrounds the intentions and aspirations of
rising powers, particularly the extent to which they are status
quo or revisionist. How a new power behaves with some of the
weakest members of the international system provides a useful indicator of
how it will go on to behave as it emerges as a Great Power. In this paper,
India's engagement with East Africa is analysed. East Africa offers a
particularly rich ground for conducting such an analysis: it comprises
some of the world's poorest countries with which India has had a long
history of foreign relations, and has also attracted considerable
involvement in recent years by China (another major power on the rise).
While the central focus of the paper is on India's East Africa foreign
policy, China's presence in the region offers an important point of
comparison that helps us identify some of the unique features of India's
pathway to power. The analysis generates several interesting findings on
India's negotiation strategy as a rising power, its willingness to provide
leadership, and a set of development ideas that it offers as a potential
alternative to not just the Washington Consensus but also the Beijing
Consensus.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 451-464
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530943
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:451-464
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerard McCann
Author-X-Name-First: Gerard
Author-X-Name-Last: McCann
Title: Ties that bind or binds that tie? India's African engagements and the political economy of Kenya
Abstract:
This paper analyses contemporary non-Western engagement with Africa
through the lens of the second most significant, but surprisingly
neglected, ‘Asian driver’ -- India. Much of the literature
on India's renewed interest in Africa is panoramic, highlighting concepts
of ‘South--South’ cooperation in ways relatively uncritical
of continued Indian claims to the Nehruvian moral high ground in the
developing world. This article, by contrast, focuses on critical realities
of India's relations with a single country -- Kenya, a nation with which
India has had ostensibly close links due to the historic presence of South
Asian communities in the region. It critiques notions that
‘diasporic’ ties between India and Kenya facilitate
contemporary Indian economic ambitions. Rather, the paper argues,
fractious historical race relations in Kenya, and the cynosure of
‘African’ homogenisation of ‘Asians’ within an
‘ethnicised’ post-colonial political economy, might
partially impede Indian ambitions relative to capital-rich foreign suitors
devoid of such historical baggage. The second major argument holds that
the specific state-led imperatives of much economic liaison within Kenya
today favour certain ‘partners’ with statist investment
models in contrast to India's more explicit, but not absolute, private
sector-led engagement. Most importantly, analysis within a localised
African context points to African agency in encounters with the
‘Asian drivers’, a term implying a certain unidirectional
power flow. The competitive interest of a range of ‘new’
suitors has allowed African leaders, not least in Kenya as this paper
suggests, unprecedented choice in international negotiations. The danger,
however, is that these new liaisons can reify divisive socio-political
conflicts in which many African nations are mired. This appears to be
pertinent to Kenya where strains within the elite political sphere are
being somewhat exacerbated by foreign investment, particularly from China
and the Arab world.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 465-482
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530944
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:465-482
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cyril Obi
Author-X-Name-First: Cyril
Author-X-Name-Last: Obi
Title: Oil as the ‘curse’ of conflict in Africa: peering through the smoke and mirrors
Abstract:
This article interrogates the framing of the resource curse as a central
causal mechanism in the resource abundance--conflict nexus in Africa. It
is argued that explaining such conflicts on the basis of the ways natural
resources either act as an incentive/motive for rebel groups, or erode and
weaken states, does not adequately capture the complex histories,
dimensions and transnational linkages to civil conflict in Africa. The
article lays bare the attempts by a hegemonic discourse to obfuscate the
reality of the fundamental and transnational underpinnings of the
resource--conflict nexus. It is argued that the resource curse perspective
cannot fully explain conflict in African oil states, and rather, a case is
made for an alternative model based on radical political economy which
lays bare the class relations, contradictions and conflicts rooted in the
subordination of the continent and its resources to transnational
processes and elites embedded in globalised capitalist relations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 483-495
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530947
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:483-495
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Basil Davidson (1915--2010): a tribute
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 497-500
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.539051
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.539051
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:497-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Ken Coates (1930--2010)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 501-501
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.539053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.539053
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:501-501
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rick Rowden
Author-X-Name-First: Rick
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowden
Title: Poverty reduction is not development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 503-516
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530949
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:503-516
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ndinwane Byekwaso
Author-X-Name-First: Ndinwane
Author-X-Name-Last: Byekwaso
Title: Poverty in Uganda
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 517-525
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530950
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530950
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:517-525
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Charles Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: What the Nigerien coup d'état means to the world
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 527-532
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530951
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530951
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:527-532
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Ozkan
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozkan
Title: What drives Turkey's involvement in Africa?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 533-540
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530952
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:533-540
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuela Honegger
Author-X-Name-First: Manuela
Author-X-Name-Last: Honegger
Title: The threat of race: reflections on racial neoliberalism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 541-542
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530953
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530953
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:541-542
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pádraig Carmody
Author-X-Name-First: Pádraig
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody
Title: Snakes in Paradise: NGOs and the Aid Industry in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 543-544
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530954
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:543-544
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Martiniello
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Martiniello
Title: Dispossession and access to land in South Africa: an African perspective
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 545-546
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530955
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:545-546
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Mining in Africa: regulation and development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 547-548
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530956
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530956
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:547-548
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Connell
Title: Critical reflections on the Eritrean war of independence: social capital, associational life, religion, ethnicity and sowing seeds of dictatorship
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 549-552
Issue: 126
Volume: 37
Year: 2010
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530957
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2010.530957
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:37:y:2010:i:126:p:549-552
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Poverty reduction and the chronically rich
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-6
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.553355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.553355
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:1-6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dereje Feyissa
Author-X-Name-First: Dereje
Author-X-Name-Last: Feyissa
Title: The political economy of salt in the Afar Regional State in northeast Ethiopia
Abstract:
The Afar people are one of the most marginalised groups of people in the
Horn of Africa. Politically they are fragmented into three countries --
Ethiopia, Djibouti and Eritrea -- and economically successive governments
and more powerful neighbours have appropriated their fertile riverine
lands. The economic and political marginalisation of the Afar in Ethiopia
has continued even since the establishment of a federal system and the
subsequent creation of the Afar Regional State in 1991. The paper
chronicles and analyses the process of marginalisation of the Afar through
a case study of the political economy of the recently discovered salt
reserve at Lake Afdera, its impact on the derailment of Ethiopia's
iodisation programme, and the associated public health risks.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-21
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552596
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:7-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernd E.T. Mueller
Author-X-Name-First: Bernd E.T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller
Title: The agrarian question in Tanzania: using new evidence to reconcile an old debate
Abstract:
Rural poverty continues to be one of the most trenchant development
problems in Tanzania, and yet no comprehensive solution has been found. In
this paper it is argued that without a fundamental understanding of the
agrarian question, any attempt to derive meaningful conclusions on rural
development is doomed to be incomprehensive and incomplete. The paper
traces back the roots of this important scholarly exchange of the late
nineteenth and early twentieth century, as well as summarising the
resulting debate mainly between the neo-populist school and Marxian
political economy. It then goes on to outline how this original
understanding of the agrarian question extended to and influenced the
contemporary rural development discourse, which however widely
misrepresented the original contributions and created an illustrious array
of antagonistic and inconclusive approaches that culminated in the recent
World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for
development. This theoretical discussion is framed and
exemplified by the case of rural development, labour market participation
and poverty in the West Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Primary survey data
collected by the author in 2008 is employed to analyse the current state
of the farmers, their engagement in labour markets as well as ongoing
processes of class differentiation. Returning to the initial debate, an
attempt to link these current realities with the overall outlook for
Tanzanian development is provided.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 23-42
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552589
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:23-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin
Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng-Odoom
Title: Ill health unleashed? Cities and municipal services in Ghana
Abstract:
Increasing urbanisation, wealth and ill health in cities necessitate
careful study, especially in African cities whose development is widely
regarded as rapid and chaotic. Using Ghanaian cities as a case study, this
article analyses some of the important sources of ill health, identifies
why they persist, and assesses how they impinge on economic growth,
redistribution, and poverty reduction. It argues that, although there is
considerable evidence that policy change is urgently needed, the tensions
and contradictions between economic and social efficiency, intermeshed
with vested political interests, are likely to impede significant changes
to the status quo.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 43-60
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552568
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552568
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:43-60
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luke Sinwell
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinwell
Title: Is ‘another world’ really possible? Re-examining counter-hegemonic forces in post-apartheid South Africa
Abstract:
A wide body of scholarly literature on social movements on an
international level emphatically, but uncritically, declares that
‘another world is possible’. This paper investigates this
trend and its implications for political and academic practice in
post-apartheid South Africa, where community-based movements have emerged
primarily in order to access basic services. In particular, it highlights
the pivotal role that the state and poor people's immediate basic needs
play in limiting social movements' contribution towards a transformative
development agenda. Paying close attention to poor people's struggles and
needs, the paper argues that there is a sharp disjuncture between the
ideologies manufactured by academics, and the worldviews that the working
class and poor possess. It concludes by providing insight into the
possibilities for post-apartheid political struggles -- praxis -- to lead
to the formation of class consciousness and to a formidable challenge to
neoliberalism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 61-76
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552588
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552588
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:61-76
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Introduction to the theme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 77-83
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552606
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:77-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Sogge
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Sogge
Title: Angola: reinventing pasts and futures
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 85-92
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552678
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552678
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:85-92
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Mozambique -- not then but now
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 93-101
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552682
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552682
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:93-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: Namibia: a trust betrayed -- again?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 103-111
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552686
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552686
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:103-111
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Title: South African splinters: from ‘elite transition’ to ‘small-a alliances’
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 113-121
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552690
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552690
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:113-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Saunders
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Saunders
Title: Zimbabwe: liberation nationalism -- old and born-again
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 123-134
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552695
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:123-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: The end of the oil gambit: economic contraction and Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 135-142
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552701
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:135-142
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Vlcek
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Vlcek
Title: Offshore finance in Ghana: why not?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 143-149
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552704
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552704
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:143-149
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Ceruti
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Ceruti
Title: The hidden element in the 2010 public-sector strike in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 151-157
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552754
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:151-157
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasmine M. Ahmed
Author-X-Name-First: Yasmine M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed
Author-Name: Reem Saad
Author-X-Name-First: Reem
Author-X-Name-Last: Saad
Title: Interview with Shahenda Maklad
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 159-167
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552762
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:159-167
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristiana Panella
Author-X-Name-First: Cristiana
Author-X-Name-Last: Panella
Title: Report on conference of European Association of Social Anthropologists, Maynooth, Ireland, 24--28 August 2010
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 169-173
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552763
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552763
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:169-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignasio Malizani Jimu
Author-X-Name-First: Ignasio Malizani
Author-X-Name-Last: Jimu
Title: Identity economics: social networks and the informal economy in Nigeria
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 175-176
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552774
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552774
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:175-176
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Richardson
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson
Title: Global agro-food trade and standards: challenges for Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 177-178
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552778
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552778
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:177-178
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Agricultural land redistribution: toward greater consensus
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 179-180
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552784
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552784
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:179-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Wilkin
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkin
Title: Empire, development and colonialism: the past in the present
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 181-182
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552785
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552785
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:181-182
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Usman Tar
Author-X-Name-First: Usman
Author-X-Name-Last: Tar
Title: Moolaadé
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 183-184
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552787
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:183-184
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jasna Dragovic-Soso
Author-X-Name-First: Jasna
Author-X-Name-Last: Dragovic-Soso
Title: Peace versus justice? The dilemma of transitional justice in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 185-186
Issue: 127
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.556001
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.556001
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:127:p:185-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: The accumulation of dispossession
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 187-192
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582752
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582752
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:187-192
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Title: Land grabbing in Southern Africa: the many faces of the investor rush
Abstract:
The popular term ‘land grabbing’, while effective as
activist terminology, obscures vast differences in the legality, structure
and outcomes of commercial land deals and deflects attention from the
roles of domestic elites and governments as partners, intermediaries and
beneficiaries. This paper summarises initial evidence of the
characteristics of recent acquisitions of public lands and land held under
customary tenure in Southern Africa, and their distribution across the
region. It draws attention to their diverse manifestations -- to questions
of size, duration and source of the investments; the commodities and
business models through which they are implemented; the tenure
arrangements and resources accessed; the terms of leases and compensation;
the degree of displacement; labour regimes and employment creation; and
changes in settlement and infrastructure. The article proposes a schematic
analytical framework for distinguishing between different types of land
deals and considers the implications for unfolding and future trajectories
of agrarian change.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 193-214
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582753
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:193-214
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saturnino M. Borras
Author-X-Name-First: Saturnino M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Borras
Author-Name: David Fig
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Fig
Author-Name: Sofía Monsalve Suárez
Author-X-Name-First: Sofía Monsalve
Author-X-Name-Last: Suárez
Title: The politics of agrofuels and mega-land and water deals: insights from the ProCana case, Mozambique
Abstract:
This paper examines the politics of large-scale commercial biofuels
production and mega-land--water deals, with special reference to the
dynamics of changes in land/water use and property rights and how these
impact on the lives and livelihoods of the socio-economically marginalised
rural sectors in the countryside. The main argument is that the assumption
about existing, available marginal lands is fundamentally flawed. It is
demonstrated by examining the ProCana sugar cane ethanol plantation in
Gaza province in Mozambique.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 215-234
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582758
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582758
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:215-234
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Buur
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Buur
Author-Name: Carlota Mondlane
Author-X-Name-First: Carlota
Author-X-Name-Last: Mondlane
Author-Name: Obede Baloi
Author-X-Name-First: Obede
Author-X-Name-Last: Baloi
Title: Strategic privatisation: rehabilitating the Mozambican sugar industry
Abstract:
This article argues that the rehabilitation of the sugar industry in
Mozambique cannot be understood without including the active role played
by the state and government. It focuses on key aspects of why and how the
Mozambican sugar industry was rehabilitated after 1996 with and through
foreign direct investments. It challenges the externalist literature on
Mozambique that has commonly argued that all policy decisions are enforced
by the pressure of well-meaning donors and/or ignorant international
financial institutions preparing the ground for large international
corporations through neoliberal policies, privatisation and structural
adjustment programmes. There can be no doubt that donors in general,
international financial institutions, and international capital have had
and continue to have considerable influence over economic and industrial
policy in Mozambique, but externalist accounts of various persuasions have
limitations and tend to present accounts of the Mozambican state and
government solely as victims instead of active players.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 235-256
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582762
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:235-256
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Title: Land concentration and accumulation after redistributive reform in post-settler Zimbabwe
Abstract:
Zimbabwe's recent fast-track land reform was redistributive, but it
retained significant enclaves of large-scale agro-industrial estates owned
by transnational, domestic and state capital, despite unfulfilled popular
and domestic elite demands for land. Such estates were encouraged by the
state to produce agro-fuel (ethanol from sugar), sugar, tea, coffee,
timber and citrus, with wildlife ranching for domestic and export markets,
alongside expanded small food producers. This outcome reflects the
unresolved contradictions of seeking autonomous development in the context
of sanctions, domestic political polarisation and declining agricultural
production, while promoting reintegration into broader world markets.
Neoliberal policies replaced dirigisme by 2008 to promote
stabilisation and agricultural recovery but with limited impact. Foreign
agricultural investment in Zimbabwe is nonetheless atypical of the current
neoliberal land grabbing in Africa, since Zimbabwe reversed past
inequalities and retains some state autonomy, and residual land
concentration remains contested.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 257-276
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582763
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582763
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:257-276
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oarhe Osumah
Author-X-Name-First: Oarhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Osumah
Author-Name: Iro Aghedo
Author-X-Name-First: Iro
Author-X-Name-Last: Aghedo
Title: Who wants to be a millionaire? Nigerian youths and the commodification of kidnapping
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 277-287
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582769
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:277-287
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Delphine Abadie
Author-X-Name-First: Delphine
Author-X-Name-Last: Abadie
Title: Canada and the geopolitics of mining interests: a case study of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 289-302
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.583124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.583124
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:289-302
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Egypt: a permanent revolution?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 303-307
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582764
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582764
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:303-307
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marion Dixon
Author-X-Name-First: Marion
Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon
Title: An Arab spring
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 309-316
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582766
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:309-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Nicol
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicol
Author-Name: Ana Elisa Cascão
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Cascão
Title: Against the flow -- new power dynamics and upstream mobilisation in the Nile Basin
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 317-325
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582767
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582767
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:317-325
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Brigaldino
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Brigaldino
Title: Elections in the imperial periphery: Ethiopia hijacked
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 327-334
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.582768
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:327-334
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Walls
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Walls
Author-Name: Steve Kibble
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibble
Title: Somaliland: progress, state and outsiders
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-343
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.583125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.583125
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:335-343
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Title: Land, liberation and compromise in Southern Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 345-346
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.552767
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.552767
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:345-346
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Zimbabwe's land reform: myths & realities
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 347-349
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.563959
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.563959
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:347-349
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gisa Weszkalnys
Author-X-Name-First: Gisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Weszkalnys
Title: The governance of daily life in Africa: ethnographic explorations of public and collective services
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 350-351
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.563960
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.563960
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:350-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angela Joya
Author-X-Name-First: Angela
Author-X-Name-Last: Joya
Title: The Arab state and neoliberal globalization: the restructuring of state power in the Middle East
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 352-353
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.563961
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.563961
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:352-353
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Darch
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Darch
Title: BOOK REVIEW
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 354-356
Issue: 128
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.563962
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.563962
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:128:p:354-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Giuliano Martiniello
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Martiniello
Author-Name: Claire Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: Humanitarian imperialism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 357-365
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.602539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.602539
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:357-365
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angela Joya
Author-X-Name-First: Angela
Author-X-Name-Last: Joya
Title: The Egyptian revolution: crisis of neoliberalism and the potential for democratic politics
Abstract:
This paper argues that the Egyptian revolution of 25 January 2011 has to
be understood in the context of neoliberal economic shift. The two decades
of economic liberalisation policies were accompanied by authoritarianism
while at the same time these policies opened up opportunities for crony
capitalism. Post Mubarak Egypt has witnessed positive developments such as
the rise of political parties, independent trade union federations and
other social groups aiming to participate in rebuilding a democratic
society. The paper explores the potentials for, and challenges against,
building a democratic society in Egypt.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 367-386
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.602544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.602544
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:367-386
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rabab El-Mahdi
Author-X-Name-First: Rabab
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Mahdi
Title: Labour protests in Egypt: causes and meanings
Abstract:
Egypt has experienced a wave of unprecedented labour protests since
December 2006. Refuting moral economy and rational choice arguments as a
basis for understanding labour unrest in Egypt, this paper argues that
this wave of protests is an outcome of the rupture of the hegemonic ruling
pact governing Egypt since 1952. As such, this movement, which includes
both industrial workers as well as white-collar state employees, should be
interpreted beyond its immediate material demands. Rather, the paper
argues, the changing constituency, tactics, and internal organisation of
the movement all point to the potential role that it can play in further
eroding the corporatist--authoritarian structure governing state-society
relations in Egypt. The paper concludes that this movement might be
carrying the potential for wider democratisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 387-402
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598342
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598342
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:387-402
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sami Zemni
Author-X-Name-First: Sami
Author-X-Name-Last: Zemni
Author-Name: Koenraad Bogaert
Author-X-Name-First: Koenraad
Author-X-Name-Last: Bogaert
Title: Urban renewal and social development in Morocco in an age of neoliberal government
Abstract:
In this article we argue that Morocco has experienced fundamental
political change over the past decades. This transition however cannot be
understood in terms provided by the mainstream narratives linking economic
liberalisation to democratisation. Rather, transition reflects a shift
towards authoritarian modalities of neoliberal government. We focus on how
political power has been reconfigured into new forms of
‘hybrid’ government where ‘state’,
‘market’ and ‘civil society’ interact in novel
ways, by discussing the political dynamics of high-end urban development
and the rationales underpinning social development policies to explain how
‘poor people’ are integrated into the realm of the market.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 403-417
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.603180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.603180
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:403-417
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Connell
Title: From resistance to governance: Eritrea's trouble with transition
Abstract:
Nation-building in Africa was hobbled by the inheritance of centralised,
authoritarian ‘states’ prior to the consolidation of nations
within them. Armed liberation movements overcame this to some degree by
constructing common identities out of the struggle to throw off foreign
rule. Yet the degree and kind of control inherent in such a militarised
project fuelled despotism in the post-war state. Eritrea seemed to break
this mould, with its high level of popular participation in its war
effort, its engagement in social transformation during the fighting, and
the participatory constitution-building process that followed its victory.
Yet less than a decade on, the liberation front shut down the press,
jailed its critics, and turned the country into a political prison. This
article will situate this reversal within the transition from colony to
independent state, explore its specific characteristics, and consider the
prospects for a more democratic outcome.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 419-433
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598343
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:419-433
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lone Riisgaard
Author-X-Name-First: Lone
Author-X-Name-Last: Riisgaard
Title: Towards more stringent sustainability standards? Trends in the cut flower industry
Abstract:
Sustainability initiatives have proliferated in many industries in recent
years. This has led to an increasing number of standards that exist in
parallel seeking to address more or less the same social and environmental
issues. In this paper I explore whether parallelism has spurred a race to
the bottom in flower standards seeking to regulate social conditions in
the production of cut flowers aimed at the European Union market. The
analysis suggests that while less stringent standards still dominate,
so-called higher bar standards are gaining importance, as is the active
inclusion of local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and trade unions
in monitoring standard compliance -- a practice which potentially could
allow standards to address more locally embedded and hidden problems like
for example discrimination or lack of freedom of association.
Nevertheless, less stringent standards still predominate and although an
ongoing multi-stakeholder harmonisation initiative has real potential to
‘scale up’ more stringent standards, so far it has mainly
benefited developed -- not developing -- country growers and workers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 435-453
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598344
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:435-453
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janot Mendler de Suarez
Author-X-Name-First: Janot
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendler de Suarez
Title: Achieving equitable water use in the Nile Basin: time to refocus the discourse on collective human security?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 455-466
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.602545
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.602545
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:455-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Habib Ayeb
Author-X-Name-First: Habib
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayeb
Title: Social and political geography of the Tunisian revolution: the alfa grass revolution
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 467-479
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.604250
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.604250
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:467-479
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Title: Neoliberal threats to North Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 481-495
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.602546
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.602546
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:481-495
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Development without freedom: how aid underwrites repression in Ethiopia
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 497-498
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598645
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:497-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Seifu
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Seifu
Title: Famine and foreigners: Ethiopia since Live Aid
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 499-500
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598646
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:499-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Death
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Death
Title: Popular politics and resistance movements in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 501-503
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598647
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:501-503
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robbie Shilliam
Author-X-Name-First: Robbie
Author-X-Name-Last: Shilliam
Title: Creating memorials, building identities: the politics of memory in the Black Atlantic
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 504-505
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598648
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:504-505
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincent Duclos
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Duclos
Title: The rise of China and India in Africa: challenges, opportunities and critical interventions
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 506-507
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598649
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:506-507
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abdi Ismail Samatar
Author-X-Name-First: Abdi Ismail
Author-X-Name-Last: Samatar
Title: The early morning phone call: Somali refugees' remittances
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 508-509
Issue: 129
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.598650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.598650
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:129:p:508-509
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Øystein H. Rolandsen
Author-X-Name-First: Øystein H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rolandsen
Title: A quick fix? A retrospective analysis of the Sudan Comprehensive Peace Agreement
Abstract:
Critics decry the 2005 peace agreement between the government of the
Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement as incomplete, a result
of the desire of external actors for a quick solution that is neither
truly comprehensive nor sustainable. Through a chronological analysis of
the peace process between 2000 and 2005, this article demonstrates that
the scope for compromise was limited and that a significantly
‘better’ deal was unlikely. The article's ambition is to
present a concise and empirically grounded analysis of the peace process
and to lay foundations for further investigation of a crucial, contested
and complicated subject in Sudan's recent history.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 551-564
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.630869
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.630869
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:551-564
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Weldehaimanot
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Weldehaimanot
Author-Name: Emily Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Our struggle and its goals: a controversial Eritrean manifesto
Abstract:
Written in 1971 in one of Eritrea's languages, Our struggle and
its goals is a controversial manifesto in Eritrea's political
history. For some Eritreans, it is a malevolent document that has produced
an unexpected sectarian project with disastrous consequences. For others,
it is one of the best political documents ever written in the history of
the Eritrean struggle. In any case, it is significant to scholarship
especially to those who care about nation-building in ethnically and
politically diverse societies. To make it easily available to researchers,
an English translation is provided, following a short explanatory note.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 565-585
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.630870
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.630870
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:565-585
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Charles Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: Abductions, kidnappings and killings in the Sahel and Sahara
Abstract:
Hostage-takings in North and West Africa are nothing new. What is new is
the assigning of blame to al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and the
level of resources Western powers commit to fighting AQIM and other
extremists in the region. History shows that the simplified ill-defined
fear of a united Islamic front against the West was unfounded. Today,
however, Westerners continue to view the motivations behind such actions
without considering three fundamental issues. First, who should, or can,
effectively ‘govern’ the Sahara and its fringes. Second, by
defining the problems as a rising pan-Islamic front, the implementation of
hard-power tactics is not questioned. Finally, any consideration of the
long-term disparities in the region is postponed in lieu of dealing with
hostage-takings or attacks on Western targets. In reality the Sahara and
Sahel are contested territories. Ideological and personal divisions are
numerous. AQIM and other Jihadi Salafist movements are not popular with
the regions' inhabitants. Most practice Sufi forms of Islam which are
distant from such extremism. There is little attention to identifying the
problems of poverty, creating state integration, and solving the problems
that arise from foreign intervention. With the agenda of national leaders
and/or international actors focusing on fighting terrorism or mineral
resource extraction, a few inhabitants in the region kidnap foreign
nationals for ideological reasons, quick money or both. The potential for
hostage-taking for money is, at best, a tenuous strategy for the few.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 587-604
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.630871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.630871
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:587-604
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: Differing voices
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 605-605
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.630873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.630873
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:605-605
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carin Runciman
Author-X-Name-First: Carin
Author-X-Name-Last: Runciman
Title: Questioning resistance in post-apartheid South Africa: a response to Luke Sinwell
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 607-614
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.630872
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.630872
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:607-614
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Williams
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Governing sustainable development: partnerships, protests and power at the World Summit
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 653-654
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.631328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.631328
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:653-654
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zach Warner
Author-X-Name-First: Zach
Author-X-Name-Last: Warner
Title: Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan genocide, and the making of a continental catastrophe
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 655-656
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.631329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.631329
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:655-656
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Björn Beckman
Author-X-Name-First: Björn
Author-X-Name-Last: Beckman
Title: A paradox of victory: COSATU and the democratic transformation in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 657-659
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.631330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.631330
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:657-659
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sevidzem Stephen Kingah
Author-X-Name-First: Sevidzem Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Kingah
Title: Trade relations between the EU and Africa: development, challenges and options beyond the Cotonou Agreement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 660-661
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.631331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.631331
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:660-661
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Moore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: Money and power: the great predators in the political economy of development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 662-663
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.631332
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.631332
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:662-663
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin McInnes
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: McInnes
Title: HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: politics, aid and globalization
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 664-665
Issue: 130
Volume: 38
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.631333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2011.631333
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:38:y:2011:i:130:p:664-665
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Five decades on: some reflections on 50 years of Africa's independence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-10
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.662756
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.662756
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:1-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernard Ugochukwu Nwosu
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard Ugochukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwosu
Title: Tracks of the third wave: democracy theory, democratisation and the dilemma of political succession in Africa
Abstract:
The sweep of the third-wave moment of democratic impulses through Africa
saw mass movements against authoritarian rule and the demand for
liberalisation of political spaces. Ruling-group compromises and promises
of democratisation diluted the fervour of this demand. Conservative
interests captured the process by creating formal institutions of
political competition but without corresponding necessary conditions for
democracy. They set up regimes of political succession that rendered the
political field a closed space. National trends in succession are linked
to the discursive paradigm that underpins third-wave democratisation.
Selected studies of succession in African states indicate trends towards
illegitimate and unpopular self-succession, hereditary trends, the
appointment of proxies and only a few instances of emerging liberal
democratic regimes. The dominance of perverse third-wave trajectories in
Africa points to the inadequacy of the minimalist epistemology upon which
the idea of the third wave is based. [Traces de la troisième vague:
la théorie de la démocratie, la démocratisation et le dilemme de la
succession politique en Afrique]. La marche de la troisième vague
d'impulsions démocratiques à travers l'Afrique a engendré des
mouvements de masse contre le régime autoritaire et la demande de
libéralisation des espaces politiques. Des compromis de la classe
dirigeante et des promesses de démocratisation ont dilué la ferveur de
cette demande. Des intérêts conservateurs ont capturé le processus en
créant des institutions formelles de compétition politique, mais sans les
conditions correspondantes nécessaires à la démocratie. Ils mettent
en place des régimes de succession politique qui ont rendu le champ
politique un espace clos. Les tendances nationales de succession sont
liées au paradigme discursif qui sous-tend la troisième vague de
démocratisation. Les études sélectionnées de succession dans les états
africains indiquent une tendance à la succession illégitime et
impopulaire de soi-même, les tendances héréditaires, la nomination
des mandataires et quelques cas seulement de nouveaux régimes de
démocratie libérale. La prédominance des trajectoires perverses de la
troisième vague en Afrique souligne l'insuffisance de l'épistémologie
minimaliste sur lequel l'idée de la troisième vague est fondée.
Mots-clés: troisième vague; démocratization; procédure;
substantive; succession; élection
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-25
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658717
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658717
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:11-25
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zubairu Wai
Author-X-Name-First: Zubairu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wai
Title: Neo-patrimonialism and the discourse of state failure in Africa
Abstract:
This paper is a critical interrogation of the dominant Africanist
discourse on African state forms and its relationship with what is seen as
pervasive state failure on the continent. Through an examination of the
neo-patrimonialist literature on African states, this paper argues that
what informs such problematic scholarship, inscribed on the conceptual and
analytical landscape of the Weberian ideal-typical conception of state
rationality is a vulgar universalism that tends to disregard specific
historical experiences while subsuming them under the totalitarian grip of
a Eurocentric unilinear evolutionist logic. The narrative that such
scholarship produces not only constructs a mechanistic conception of state
rationality based on the experience of the Western liberal state as the
expression of the universal, but also denies the specificity of the
continent's historical experience, by either denying its independent
conceptual existence or vulgarising its social and political formations
and realities, dismissing them as aberrant, deviant, deformed and of
lesser quality. Immanent in this move is the ideological effacement and
the rendering invisible, hence the normalisation of the relational and
structural logic, of past histories of colonial domination and
contemporary imperial power relations within which the states in Africa
have been historically constituted and continue to be reconstituted and
reimagined. When exactly does a state fail, the paper asks. Could what is
defined as state failure actually be part of the processes of state
formation or reconfiguration, which are misrecognised or misinterpreted
because of the poverty of Africanist social science and ethnocentric
biases of the particular lenses used to understand them? [Le
néo-patrimonialisme et le discours de la défaillance de l'état en Afrique
]. Cet article est une interrogation critique du discours africaniste
dominant sur les formes d'état africain et sa relation avec ce qui est
considéré comme une défaillance persistante de l'état sur le continent. A
travers un examen de la littérature néo-patrimonialiste sur les états
africains, cet article soutient que ce qui est à la base de ces
savoirs problématiques, inscrit dans le paysage conceptuel et analytique
de la conception idéal-typique wébérienne de la rationalité étatique, est
un universalisme vulgaire qui tend à ignorer les expériences
historiques spécifiques tout en les subsumant sous l'emprise totalitaire
d'une logique évolutionniste unilinéaire euro-centrique. Le récit que ces
études permet de produire non seulement construit une conception mécaniste
de la rationalité étatique basée sur l'expérience de l'état libéral
occidental comme l'expression de l'universel, mais aussi nie la
spécificité de l'expérience historique du continent soit en niant son
existence indépendante conceptuelle, ou en vulgarisant ses formations et
ses réalités sociales et politiques, les rejetant comme aberrantes,
déviantes, difformes et de moindre qualité. Immanent dans ce mouvement
sont l'effacement idéologique et le rendement invisible qui conduisent
à la normalisation de la logique relationnelle et structurelle des
histoires passées de la domination coloniale et des relations
contemporaine de pouvoir impériale, dans laquelle les états en Afrique ont
été historiquement constitués et continuent à être reconstitués
et ré-imaginés. Quand, exactement, est-ce que l'état échoue, se demande
l'article? Ce qui est défini comme état défaillant pourrait-il faire
partie du processus de formation ou de reconfiguration de l'état, qui sont
méconnues ou mal interprétées à cause de la pauvreté des sciences
sociales et les préjugés ethnocentriques africanistes des lentilles
notamment utilisées pour les comprendre? Afrique; états défaillants; types
idéaux; néo-patrimonialisme; formation de l'état; défaillance de l'état;
universalisme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 27-43
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658719
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:27-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Weldehaimanot
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Weldehaimanot
Author-Name: Semere Kesete
Author-X-Name-First: Semere
Author-X-Name-Last: Kesete
Title: Rubbishing: a wrong approach to Eritrea/Ethiopia union
Abstract:
As part of a revisionist discourse, it has been contended that the core
of Eritrea's political, cultural and economic identity is based on
colonial premises and these three premises are false. As a result, Eritrea
is in a dilemma. It is further contended that Eritrea's future lies in
seeking unity with Ethiopia. This article is a rejoinder to the
contention. It shows the truthfulness of the premises and argues that,
save for the prevalent dictatorship, it was and it still is a correct
decision for Eritreans to opt for an independent Eritrea. Avoiding the old
talk, this rejoinder recommends that as sovereign states, Eritrea and
Ethiopia should govern their relations by principles of civilised nations.
[Rejeter: une mauvaise approche de l'union érythréenne/éthiopienne]. Dans
le cadre d'un discours révisionniste, il a été soutenu que le noyau de
l'identité politique, culturelle et économique de l'Érythrée est basé
sur des prémisses coloniales et que ces trois prémisses sont fausses. En
conséquence, l'Erythrée se trouve dans un dilemme. Il est aussi soutenu
que l'avenir de l'Erythrée se situe dans la poursuite de l'unité avec
l'Éthiopie. Cet article est une réponse à cet argument. Il
montre la véracité des prémisses et affirme que, sauf pour la dictature
courante, c'était et c'est encore une bonne décision pour les Erythréens
d'avoir opté pour une Érythrée indépendante. Eviter les discours
anciens, cette réponse recommande que l'Érythrée et l'Éthiopie,
comme états souverains, devraient régir leurs relations par des principes
des nations civilisées. Mots-clés: Érythrée;
Éthiopie; sécession; indépendance; ghedli; économie politique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 45-62
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658721
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:45-62
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Capps
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Capps
Title: Victim of its own success? The platinum mining industry and the apartheid mineral property system in South Africa's political transition
Abstract:
The South African platinum industry has grown phenomenally since the mid
1990s to become the single largest component of the national mining sector
in employment and sales-value terms. In line with Fine's (1992)
contribution to a general theory of mining, this article presents an
initial political economy of that industry by considering the critical
role that the apartheid mineral property system played in its dominant
strategy of competitive accumulation in the years leading to the current
platinum boom. Emphasis is placed on the different forms of minerals
ownership that mediated the access of platinum capital to mineral
resources in the Bophuthatswana and Lebowa Bantustans, where the bulk of
South Africa's vast platinum reserves were geopolitically located under
apartheid and how the reproduction of these strategic mineral property
relations was secured during the political transition to the benefit of
the white platinum corporations. It concludes that the industry's very
success in maintaining its proprietary control over the world's largest
platinum endowment would combine with an unprecedented surge in global
platinum demand to simultaneously position it as the most dynamic element
of the post-apartheid mining economy and as the primary
target of the new ANC government's minerals reform policy. [Victime de son
propre succès? L'industrie minière de platine et le système
apartheid de propriété minérale dans la transition politique en Afrique du
Sud]. L'industrie du platine sud-africain a connu une croissance
phénoménale depuis le milieu des années 1990 pour devenir la composante
principale du secteur minier national en termes d'emploi et des ventes des
valeurs actualisées. En ligne avec la contribution de Fine (1992) à
une théorie générale de l'exploitation minière, cet article présente
une économie politique initiale de cette industrie en considérant le
rôle crucial que le système apartheid de propriété minérale a
joué dans sa stratégie dominante d'accumulation compétitive dans les
années qui avaient conduit à l'actuel boom économique de platine.
L'accent est mis sur les différentes formes de propriétés minières
qui ont servi de médiateur à l'accès du capital de platine pour
les ressources minérales dans les bantoustans Bophuthatswana et Lebowa,
les endroits géopolitiques de la majeure partie des vastes réserves de
l'Afrique du Sud en platine sous l'apartheid, et comment la reproduction
de ces rapports des propriétés minières stratégiques a été obtenues
lors de la transition politique au profit des sociétés de platine
caucasiennes. Il conclut que le succès même du secteur dans le
maintien de son contrôle exclusif sur les rèserves mondiales de
platine se combineraient avec une augmentation sans précédent de la
demande mondiale de platine en le positionnant simultanément comme
l'élément le plus dynamique de l'économie minière post apartheid et
comme la cible principale du nouveau gouvernement de l'ANC en matière
de politique de réforme minière. Mots-clés:
exploitations minières de platine droits
miniers Afrique du Sud propriété
foncière Boputhatswana Lebowa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 63-84
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.659006
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.659006
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:63-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Friedman
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Friedman
Title: Beyond the fringe? South African social movements and the politics of redistribution
Abstract:
Collective action in support of the redistribution of wealth and power in
South Africa was initially led by the trade union movement. But, as more
labour-market entrants have failed to find work in the formal economy,
unions' capacity to speak for the poor has declined. Scholars and
activists have, therefore, come to see new social movements as a superior
source of effective action for redistribution. Analysis reveals that the
movements are not equipped to lead a redistributive coalition but that
co-operation between unions and social movements, and a synergy between
their approaches, is most likely to produce effective redistributive
politics. [Au-delà des bords? Les mouvements sociaux sud-africains et
la politique de redistribution]. L'action collective en faveur de la
redistribution des richesses et du pouvoir en Afrique du Sud était
initialement dirigée par le mouvement syndical. Mais, compte tenu du fait
que des nouveaux arrivants dans le marché d'emploi n'ont pas réussi à
trouver du travail dans l'économie formelle, la capacité des syndicats de
parler au nom des pauvres a diminué. Les universitaires et les activistes
sont, par conséquent, arrivés à voir de nouveaux mouvements sociaux
comme une source supérieure d'une action efficace pour la redistribution.
L'analyse révèle que les mouvements ne sont pas équipés pour mener
une coalition de redistribution, mais la coopération entre les syndicats
et les mouvements sociaux, et une synergie entre leurs approches, est plus
susceptible de produire des politiques efficaces de redistribution.
Mots-clés: redistribution; politiques; mouvements sociaux;
syndicats; Afrique du Sud
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 85-100
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2011
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658718
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658718
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2011:i:131:p:85-100
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Kicking off a debate on Tanzania's 50 years of independence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 101-102
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.662361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.662361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:101-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Issa G. Shivji
Author-X-Name-First: Issa G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shivji
Title: Nationalism and pan-Africanism: decisive moments in Nyerere's intellectual and political thought
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 103-116
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.662387
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.662387
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:103-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Tanzania fifty years on (1961--2011): rethinking ujamaa, Nyerere and socialism in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 117-125
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.662386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.662386
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:117-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Fifty years of making sense of independence politics
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 127-131
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.662385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.662385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:127-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: Brand Africa: multiple transitions in global capitalism -- a preface
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 133-133
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658643
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:133-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Ann Richey
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Richey
Author-Name: Stefano Ponte
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponte
Title: Brand Africa: multiple transitions in global capitalism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 135-150
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658644
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658644
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:135-150
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: Dag Hammarskjöld, the United Nations and Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 151-159
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.659013
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.659013
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:151-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benedito Cunguara
Author-X-Name-First: Benedito
Author-X-Name-Last: Cunguara
Title: An exposition of development failures in Mozambique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 161-170
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.657881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.657881
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:161-170
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Jacobs
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobs
Title: Whither agrarian reform in South Africa?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 171-180
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.658720
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.658720
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:171-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yusuf Bangura
Author-X-Name-First: Yusuf
Author-X-Name-Last: Bangura
Title: Sierra Leone at 50: confronting old problems and preparing for new challenges
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 181-192
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.659012
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.659012
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:181-192
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Hurt
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Hurt
Title: The European Union's Africa policies: norms, interests and impact
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 193-194
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.661123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.661123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:193-194
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Usman A. Tar
Author-X-Name-First: Usman A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tar
Title: A swamp full of dollars: pipelines and paramilitaries in Nigeria's oil frontier
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 195-197
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.661127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.661127
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:195-197
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stylianos Moshonas
Author-X-Name-First: Stylianos
Author-X-Name-Last: Moshonas
Title: Congo Masquerade: The political culture of aid inefficiency and reform failure
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 198-199
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.661128
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.661128
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:198-199
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Markakis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Markakis
Title: War and the politics of identity in Ethiopia: the making of enemies and allies in the Horn of Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 200-202
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.661124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.661124
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:200-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philani Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Philani
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Title: Architects of poverty: why African capitalism needs changing
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-205
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.661125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.661125
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:203-205
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Fahey
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Fahey
Title: Intervention as indirect rule: civil war and statebuilding in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 206-207
Issue: 131
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.661126
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.661126
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:131:p:206-207
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abdul Raufu Mustapha
Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Raufu
Author-X-Name-Last: Mustapha
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: Markets and identities in Africa: honouring Gavin Williams
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 209-211
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.692538
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.692538
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:209-211
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Neoliberal accumulation and class: a tribute to Gavin Williams
Abstract:
The articles in this collection emerged as presentations made at a
conference in July 2010 which marked the retirement from Oxford of Gavin
Williams, one of the founding editors of the Review of African
Political Economy (ROAPE) and today a member of
its International Advisory Board. Conference papers celebrated his several
contributions, covering themes that resonated with his best known work,
and in several cases that had been inspired by him -- as some of the
published articles here make explicit. The countries they focus on are
South Africa and Nigeria, which are recognised as the geographical centres
of gravity of his work, but extend, characteristically, to broader issues
of political economy, such as privatisation (Pitcher) and overall
development trajectories in Africa as compared with East Asia (Meagher).
To set the scene for these five articles and to provide an overview of the
conference as a whole and to the broad sweep of Gavin's lifetime
contribution, not least to this journal, the following paragraphs are
based on remarks I made to launch the conference.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 213-223
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.692539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.692539
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:213-223
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joachim Winfried Ewert
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim Winfried
Author-X-Name-Last: Ewert
Title: A force for good? Markets, cellars and labour in the South African wine industry after apartheid
Abstract:
This paper argues that on balance, deregulation and the exposure to
overseas markets has been beneficial to the South African wine industry,
resulting in strong growth, increased employment and much improved
international competitiveness. However, the paper also draws attention to
the fact that not everybody has benefited in equal measure from the
process of upgrading, modernisation and internationalisation. Since the
start of the transition in the mid 1990s, a number of growers have left
the industry and for many workers employment has become less secure. [Une
dynamique pour le bien? Les marchès, les caves et la
main-d'œuvre dans l'industrie du vin sud-africain aprés
l'apartheid]. Cet article soutient que dans l'ensemble, la
déréglementation et l'ouverture aux marchés d'outre-mer ont été bénéfiques
pour l'industrie du vin sud africain, ce qui a entrainé une forte
croissance, favorisé l'augmentation de l'emploi et une compétitivité
internationale bien améliorée. Toutefois, le document attire également
l'attention sur le fait que tout le monde n'a pas à part égale
profité de ce processus d'amélioration, de modernisation et
d'internationalisation. Depuis le début de la transition au milieu des
années 1990, un certain nombre de producteurs ont quitté l'industrie car
pour de nombreux actifs, le monde du travail était devenu moins certain.
Mots-clés : les marchès ; le vin ; l'Afrique du Sud
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 225-242
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688802
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688802
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:225-242
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Pitcher
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitcher
Title: Was privatisation necessary and did it work? The case of South Africa
Abstract:
‘Why structural adjustment is necessary and why it doesn't
work’ published by Gavin Williams in ROAPE in
1994, highlighted the paradoxical nature of structural adjustment
policies. Drawing on Williams's insights, this article examines the
adoption and outcome of privatisation policies in South Africa from 1994
to 2010. The paper makes two claims that reinforce Williams's earlier
arguments. First, privatisation was central to the effort by the
post-apartheid government to secure a marriage between the state and
capital through the expansion of black ownership. Yet, second, concerns
over employment equity, preferential procurement, and unemployment forced
the state to depend on parastatals after the turn of the century and in
doing so, to abandon the privatisation of state assets. State-owned
enterprises have now become an integral component of the state's
developmental project in South Africa. [Est-ce que la privatisation était
nécessaire et a-elle fonctionné ? Le cas de l'Afrique du Sud]. «
Pourquoi l'adaptation structurelle est-elle nécessaire et pourquoi
cela ne fonctionne pass », publié par Gavin Williams dans
ROAPE en 1994, souligna le caractère paradoxal des politiques
d'ajustement structurel. S'appuyant sur les idées de Williams, cet article
analyse l'adoption et les résultats des politiques de privatisation en
Afrique du sud de 1994 à 2010. Le document émet deux demandes qui
renforcent les arguments antérieurs de Williams. Tout d'abord, la
privatisation était au centre de l'effort consenti par le gouvernement
postapartheid afin de garantir un lien entre l'État et le capital
grâce à l'extension de la propriété noire. Cependant, en second
lieu, les préoccupations concernant l'équité sur l'emploi, les marchés
préférentiels et le chômage obligèrent l'État à
dépendre des sociétés paraétatiques à la fin du siècle et, ce
faisant, de renoncer à la privatisation des actifs de l'État.
Les entreprises d'État sont à présent devenues une partie
intégrante du projet de développement de l'État en Afrique du Sud.
Mots-clés : le néolibéralisme ; la privatisation ; l'état de
développement ; l'Afrique du Sud
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 243-260
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688803
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688803
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:243-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Meagher
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Meagher
Title: Weber meets Godzilla: social networks and the spirit of capitalism in East Asia and Africa
Abstract:
This paper explores the cultural foundations of contemporary network
capitalism in East Asia, and its implications for African enterprise
development. It considers how neo-Weberian perspectives on the cultural
determinants of East Asian network success have served to validate
intensified processes of labour exploitation while glossing over the role
of the state in making networks work for development. It is argued that
the ideology of the Confucian ethic draws on notions of social solidarity
to normalise the use of unfree labour in capitalist accumulation
strategies, while concealing the critical role of the state in mobilising
society around cultural values and socialising risk to diffuse potentially
disruptive social tensions. The obfuscation of these processes in cultural
analyses of Asian network success has cast the poor performance of African
enterprise networks as a product of cultural dysfunction, obscuring
underlying processes of state withdrawal and policy failure. The problems
arising from Chinese business networks in Africa bring out the
contradictions of cultural interpretations of network dynamism. [Weber
rencontre Godzilla : les réseaux sociaux et l'esprit du capitalisme en
Asie de l'Est et en Afrique]. Cet article explore les fondements culturels
du réseau du capitalisme contemporain en Asie de l'Est et ses implications
pour le développement des entreprises en Afrique. Il considère la
manière dont les perspectives néo-wébériennes sur les déterminants
culturels de la réussite du réseau de l'Asie de l'Est ont servi à
valider les processus intensifiés de l'exploitation du marché du travail
tout en passant sous silence le rôle de l'État en faisant en
sorte que les réseaux puissent œuvrer pour le développement. Il est
soutenu que l'idéologie de l'étique confucéenne s'appuie sur les notions
de solidarité sociale afin de normaliser l'utilisation du travail non
libre dans les stratégies de l'accumulation capitaliste, tout en
dissimulant le rôle déterminant de l'État dans la mobilisation
de la société autour des valeurs culturelles et la banalisation du risque
susceptible de provoquer des tensions sociales potentielles et
perturbatrices. L'occultation de ces processus dans les analyses
culturelles de la réussite du réseau asiatique a mis en lumière la
mauvaise performance des réseaux d'entreprises africaines en tant que
produit d'un dysfonctionnement culturel, occultant les processus
souterrains de désengagement de l'État et l'échec des dispositions.
Les problèmes émergeant des réseaux d'entreprises chinoises en
Afrique mettent en évidence les contradictions d'interprétations
culturelles de la dynamique de réseau. Mots-clés: les
réseaux sociaux; le capitalisme; l'Asie de l'Est; l'Afrique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 261-278
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688804
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:261-278
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timothy Sizwe Phakathi
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Sizwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Phakathi
Title: Worker agency in colonial, apartheid and post-apartheid gold mining workplace regimes
Abstract:
This paper locates the understanding of the organisation of work and
worker agency on South African gold mines within the context of the
racialisation and deracialisation of the economic and labour market
strategies of the colonial, apartheid and post-apartheid mining regimes.
It argues that as much as racial and coercive labour practices profited
the gold mining companies, they were not sustainable. The mineworkers were
not passive acceptors of racial and coercive forms of labour control. The
post-apartheid work order led to the restructuring of the gold mining
workplace towards efficiency, productivity and equity. This signalled a
shift from worker coercion to consent in the day-to-day running of the
production process inside the pit. The paper calls attention to workers'
subjective orientation, agency and resilience to repressive and
contemporary work structures -- not just as recipients but also as shapers
of such work structures within the politics, limits and contradictions of
capitalist production systems. [Agence de travailleur sous la période
coloniale, dans le cadre des activités aurifères pendant et
après l'apartheid]. Ce document éclaire sur la compréhension de
l'organisation du travail et de l'agence du travailleur des mines d'or
sud-africaines dans le contexte de la ségrégation raciale et celui de la
non-ségrégation raciale des stratégies économiques et du marché du travail
des époques coloniale, d'apartheid et des régimes miniers après
l'ère de l'apartheid. Il fait valoir que, au temps où la race et
les pratiques de travail forcé profitaient aux compagnies minières
d'or, elles n'étaient pas durables. Les mineurs n'étaient pas des
accepteurs passifs face aux aspects liés à la race et à la
contrainte en rapport au contrôle de la main d'œuvre. L'ordre
sur le travail qui intervint après la période de l'apartheid a
conduit à la restructuration du travail des mines d'or vers
l'efficacité, la productivité et l'équité. Ce fut un signal pour un
changement partant de la coercition des travailleurs à consentir dans
la foulée et au jour le jour, à un processus de production à
l'intérieur même de la fosse. Le document attire l'attention des
travailleurs sur l'orientation subjective, l'agence et la flexibilité par
rapport aux structures de travail contemporaines et répressives -- et pas
seulement en tant que bénéficiaires mais aussi comme innovateurs de telles
structures au sein de la sphère politique, les limites et les
contradictions des systèmes de production capitaliste.
Mots-clés: l'apartheid; la démocratie; l'exploitation des
mines d'or; le marché du travail; les travailleurs; l'Afrique du Sud
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 279-294
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688806
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:279-294
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathryn Nwajiaku-Dahou
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwajiaku-Dahou
Title: The political economy of oil and ‘rebellion’ in Nigeria's Niger Delta
Abstract:
The escalation in armed attacks on Nigeria's oil industry and the massive
expansion in oil theft generated a veritable industry in the study of the
political economy of war dominated by public-choice strands. Critical
scholarship on the Niger Delta challenges this work for its neglect of
history in explaining the shift from peaceful protest in the 1990s to
armed struggle. Yet taking history seriously need not blind us to the
‘critical breaks’. Nigeria's transition to civilian rule in
1999 brought state and non-state actors into a complicit union as
rebellion and oil bunkering consolidated a pre-existing parallel economy.
[L'économie politique du pétrole et la « rébellion » dans le
Delta du Niger, fief du Nigéria]. L'escalade dans les attaques armées sur
l'industrie pétrolière du Nigéria et l'expansion massive dans le vol
de pétrole ont généré une véritable industrie dans l'étude de l'économie
politique de la guerre, dominée par quelques choix publics. L'étude
critique sur le Delta du Niger conteste ce travail pour sa négligence de
l'histoire pour expliquer ce passage de la manifestation pacifique dans
les années 1990 à la lutte armée. Pourtant prendre l'histoire au
sérieux ne doit pas nous aveugler sur « les ruptures critiques
». La transition du Nigéria vers un régime civil en 1999, a amené les
acteurs de l'Etat et ceux qui ne relèvent pas de l'État à
se fondre dans une union de complicité dès lors que la rébellion et
le vol de pétrole avaient consolidé une économie parallèle
préexistante. Mots-clés : le pétrole ; la sécurité ; le
Delta du Niger ; l'économie politique ; le militantisme ; l'identité
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 295-313
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688805
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:295-313
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Capps
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Capps
Title: A bourgeois reform with social justice? The contradictions of the Minerals Development Bill and black economic empowerment in the South African platinum mining industry
Abstract:
Since assuming power in 1994, the African National Congress has pursued
an ambitious policy of ‘modernising’ the minerals and mining
sector in line with its overarching goal of developing an internationally
competitive, non-racial and socially stabilised South African capitalism.
This is a materialist analysis of the measures and evolution of that
policy in the critically contested period between the release of the
Minerals Development Bill (MDB) (December 2000) and its promulgation as
the Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act (October 2002).
Despite its apparent radicalism, the bill's core proposal to nationalise
mineral rights is a variant of what Marx termed a ‘Ricardian
reform’, here designed to accelerate capital accumulation by
eliminating the barrier of private minerals ownership. Yet, the MDB also
married this classically bourgeois reform with a nationalist commitment to
racially transform the structure of mine ownership, thus embodying key
contradictions of South Africa's democratic transition in the era of
neoliberalism. The struggle over the final form and benefits of the new
minerals dispensation would be centred on the platinum industry, where the
established (white) producers had the most to lose from the legal
abolition of the old mineral property system in favour of the
nationalisation and strategic redistribution of the resource base. [Une
réforme bourgeoise avec une justice sociale ? Les contradictions du Projet
de loi de Développement des Minéraux et l'Emancipation Economique des
Noirs dans l'industrie minière du platine d'Afrique du Sud]. Depuis
son arrivée au pouvoir en 1994, l'ANC a poursuivi une politique ambitieuse
de la ≪ modernisation ≫ du secteur des minerais et des mines
en accord avec son objectif global de développer un capitalisme propre
à l'Afrique du sud, compétitif au niveau international, non
racialement ségrégationniste et socialement fiable. Il s'agit d'une
analyse matérialiste des mesures et de l'évolution de cette politique dans
la période gravement contestée entre la sortie du Projet de Loi sur le
Développement des Minéraux (MDB décembre 2000) et sa promulgation en tant
que loi du Développement des Ressources Pétrolières et Minérales
(octobre 2002). Malgré son radicalisme apparent, la proposition de base du
projet de loi visant à nationaliser les droits miniers est une
variante de ce que Marx appelait une ≪ réforme ricardienne
≫, ici conçue pour accélérer l'accumulation du capital en
éliminant la barrière de la propriété privée des minéraux. Cependant
le MDB a également épousé cette réforme bourgeoise classique avec un
engagement nationaliste de transformer radicalement la structure de la
propriété minière, incarnant ainsi les contradictions clés de la
transition démocratique en Afrique du Sud à l'ère du
néolibéralisme. La lutte pour la forme finale et les avantages de la
nouvelle dispensation sur les minéraux seraient centrés sur l'industrie du
platine, où les producteurs (blancs) établis avaient le plus à
perdre de l'abolition légale du système de propriété minérale
ancienne en faveur de la nationalisation et de la redistribution
stratégiques de la base de ressources. Mots-clés: l'ANC;
l'émancipation économique des Noirs; les droits miniers; la
nationalisation; l'industrie du platine; la politique des ressources; la
réforme ricardienne
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 315-333
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688801
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:315-333
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yash Tandon
Author-X-Name-First: Yash
Author-X-Name-Last: Tandon
Title: Dani Wadada Nabudere, 1932--2011: an uncompromising revolutionary
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-341
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688645
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:335-341
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Simon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Title: Remembering Dani Wadada Nabudere
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 343-344
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688646
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:343-344
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol B. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA): advancing the theft of African genetic wealth
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 345-350
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688647
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:345-350
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Author-Name: Khadija Sharife
Author-X-Name-First: Khadija
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharife
Title: Zimbabwe's clogged political drain and open diamond pipe
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 351-365
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688648
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:351-365
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philani Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Philani
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Title: ‘Still on top, but ANC is left shaken’: reflections on the 2011 local government elections in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 367-374
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688649
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:367-374
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Cammack
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Cammack
Title: Malawi in crisis, 2011--12
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 375-388
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.688651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.688651
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:375-388
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard B. Dadzie
Author-X-Name-First: Richard B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dadzie
Title: Natural resources and local livelihoods in the Great Lakes region of Africa: a political economy perspective
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 389-390
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.683297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.683297
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:389-390
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pádraig Carmody
Author-X-Name-First: Pádraig
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody
Title: Zambia, mining and neoliberalism: boom and bust on the globalized Copperbelt
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 391-392
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.683298
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.683298
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:391-392
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Author-Name: Teresa Smart
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa
Author-X-Name-Last: Smart
Title: War veterans in Zimbabwe's revolution: challenging neo-colonialism and settler and international capital
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 393-395
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.683299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.683299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:393-395
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Borders and borderlands as resources in the Horn of Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 396-398
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.683300
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.683300
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:396-398
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tapiwa Chagonda
Author-X-Name-First: Tapiwa
Author-X-Name-Last: Chagonda
Title: Revolutionary traveller: freeze-frames from a life
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 399-400
Issue: 132
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.683302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.683302
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:132:p:399-400
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Claire Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: The revolution in permanence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 401-407
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.711628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.711628
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:401-407
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Malm
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Malm
Author-Name: Shora Esmailian
Author-X-Name-First: Shora
Author-X-Name-Last: Esmailian
Title: Doubly dispossessed by accumulation: Egyptian fishing communities between enclosed lakes and a rising sea
Abstract:
In a corner of the Egyptian revolutionary drama, the fisherfolk of the
northern Nile Delta have begun to organise. They suffer an indicative
predicament. The two great lagoons of Borullus and Manzala have largely
been enclosed by fish farms as the Mubarak regime sought to expand Egypt's
aquaculture industry. On the other hand, the sea is threatening to
submerge the ground on which the very same fishing communities are based.
How can we understand the pinch in which they find themselves? This
article questions the sustainability of the Egyptian aquaculture miracle,
examines the likely impacts of sea level rise on the communities north of
Borullus and Manzala, and seeks to conceptualise the dialectic between the
two processes. While the fisherfolk prepare to fight against the
encroaching farms, however, there is little on the horizon in the way of
struggle against the other, perhaps even more dangerous side of the
squeeze. [Doublement dépossédés par l'accumulation: les communautés des
pêcheurs égyptiens entre les lacs fermés et une mer montante.] Dans
un coin du drame révolutionnaire égyptien, la communauté des pêcheurs
dans le Nord du Delta du Nil a commencé à s'organiser. Elle souffre
d'une situation à titre indicatif. Les deux grandes lagunes de
Borullus et de Manzala ont été en grande partie entourées par les
exploitations piscicoles, comme le régime de Moubarak a cherché à
élargir l'industrie de l'aquaculture égyptienne. D'autre part, la mer
menace de submerger le terrain sur lequel ces mêmes communautés de
pêche sont établies. Comment pouvons-nous comprendre le malaise dans
lequel ils se trouvent? Cet article évoque la question du miracle de la
durabilité de l'aquaculture égyptienne, examine les effets probables de
l'élévation du niveau de la mer au nord des communautés de Borullus et de
Manzala, et cherche à établir un concept dialectique entre les deux
processus. Alors que les pêcheurs se préparent à lutter contre
les exploitations agricoles contrariantes, il ya cependant peu de marge
à l'horizon sur la façon de lutter contre l'autre --
peut-être même le plus dangereux -- côté de la compression.
Mots-clés: L'Egypte; les communautés de pêche;
l'élévation du niveau de la mer; l'aquaculture; l'accumulation par
dépossession; la révolution
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 408-426
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.710838
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.710838
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:408-426
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: An Ansoms
Author-X-Name-First: An
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansoms
Author-Name: Donatella Rostagno
Author-X-Name-First: Donatella
Author-X-Name-Last: Rostagno
Title: Rwanda's Vision 2020 halfway through: what the eye does not see
Abstract:
This paper considers the progress made in the implementation of Rwanda's
Vision 2020 programme since its launch in 2000. At the halfway point, the
overall picture is quite encouraging. Rwanda's economy is thriving and
reported growth figures have been impressive. The country is on track to
meet the Millennium Development Goals in the fields of education and
health care. Its political leaders have been praised for their quality of
technocratic governance and their proactive approach to creating an
attractive business climate. However, some indicators remain problematic.
This paper argues that the current strategy -- one of maximum growth at
any cost -- is counterproductive to the objective of achieving the
greatest possible poverty reduction. Strong economic growth, concentrated
in the hands of a small elite, results in a highly skewed developmental
path with limited trickle-down potential. A possible alternative lies in
an exploration of a broad-based inclusive growth model founded on existing
strengths and the notion of capacity building among rural small-scale
farmers. Striving for a more inclusive concept of growth would appear to
be crucial not only for successful poverty reduction, but also with a view
to promoting long-term stability and peace in Rwanda. [Vision 2020 du
Rwanda à mi-parcours: ce que l'œil ne voit pas.] Le présent
article analyse les progrès accomplis dans la mise en œuvre du
programme ‘Vision 2020 du Rwanda’ depuis son lancement en
2000. À mi-terme, le tableau d'ensemble est encourageant. L'économie
du Rwanda est en plein essor et les chiffres de croissance rapportés sont
impressionnants. Le pays est sur la bonne voie pour atteindre les
Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement dans les domaines de
l'éducation et de santé. Ses dirigeants politiques ont été félicités pour
la qualité de leur gouvernance technocratique et leur approche proactive
de la création d'un climat propice au business. Toutefois, plusieurs
indicateurs restent problématiques. Cet article soutient que la stratégie
actuelle -- celle d'une croissance maximale à tout prix -- est
contre-productive par rapport à l'objectif qui vise à atteindre
la plus grande réduction possible de la pauvreté. La forte croissance
économique, concentrée dans les mains d'une petite élite, résulte en une
voie de développement très inégal avec un potentiel limité de
retombées. Une alternative possible réside dans l'exploration d'un
modèle fondé sur une croissance inclusive sur la base d'un
renforcement des capacités des petits agriculteurs. Ceci semble crucial,
non seulement pour réduire la pauvreté, mais aussi en vue de promouvoir la
stabilité à long terme et la paix au Rwanda. Mots-clés:
Rwanda ; pauvreté ; croissance ; politiques de développement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 427-450
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.710836
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.710836
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:427-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanja R. Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Title: Beyond the siege state -- tracing hybridity during a recent visit to Eritrea
Abstract:
This article offers an alternative reading of the current situation in
Eritrea that goes beyond the narrative of dictatorship and oppression.
Based on recent fieldwork in Eritrea and among Eritrean refugees in Tel
Aviv, it offers a hybrid interpretation of developments within Eritrea.
The article argues that a transition process instigated by the current
leadership is still possible. At the same time rising inequalities and
other dynamics may ultimately jeopardise any such transition. More
generally important sections of the population have become suspicious of
grand political projects, but rather focus on the microcosms of
potentially intangible transformations from within. [Au de-là de
l’état de siège -- retracer le contexte pragmatique tel
constaté lors d'une récente visite en Érythrée.] Cet article propose
une lecture alternative de la situation actuelle en Érythrée qui va
au-delà du récit de la dictature et de l'oppression. Basé sur des
travaux récents en Érythrée et parmi les réfugiés érythréens à
Tel Aviv, il offre une interprétation mitigée des développements au sein
de l’Érythrée. L'article fait valoir que le processus de
transition initié par la direction actuelle est encore possible. Dans le
même temps, les inégalités croissantes et d'autres dynamiques peuvent
même menacer une telle transition. Plus généralement, d'importants
groupements d'individus au sein de la population deviennent méfiants
à l’égard des grands projets politiques, et se concentrent
plutôt sur les microcosmes de transformations potentiellement
incorprels de l'intérieur. Mots-clés: Érythrée; état de
siège; hybridité
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 451-464
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.710839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.710839
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:451-464
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ryan Saylor
Author-X-Name-First: Ryan
Author-X-Name-Last: Saylor
Title: Probing the historical sources of the Mauritian miracle: sugar exporters and state building in colonial Mauritius
Abstract:
Scholars increasingly agree that the ‘Mauritian Miracle’
was enabled by the country's significant level of state capacity. This
article probes Mauritius's state-building past to identify the early
sources of Mauritian state capacity. Specifically, I find that the close
collaboration between the island's export-oriented sugar planters, known
as the Franco-Mauritians, and colonial officials accounts for the growth
of Mauritian state capacity during the nineteenth century. Following the
island's first major commodity boom, in 1825, sugar planters pressed
colonial officials to ‘regulate’ the island's labour supply,
improve its transportation infrastructure, and undertake research and
development initiatives. These efforts collectively promoted the growth of
state capacity and laid the groundwork for the country's relatively
capable state. The influence of Mauritius's export-oriented coalition on
state building may shed light on the country's comparative success to
other African countries, where export-oriented coalitions have been rare
both historically and in the contemporary era. [Sonder les sources
historiques du miracle mauricien: les exportateurs de sucre et la
construction des bâtiments dans les colonies de l'Etat de l'île
Maurice.] De plus en plus, les chercheurs s'accordent à dire que le
« miracle mauricien » a été activé par le niveau important du
pays par sa capacité d'État. Cet article fait un bilan du domaine de
construction dans le passé par l'État Mauricien afin d'identifier les
sources préalables de capacité pour l'État mauricien. Plus
précisément, je trouve que la collaboration étroite entre les planteurs de
canne à sucre de l'île orientés vers l'exportation, lesquels
étaient connus sous la désignation de Franco-Mauriciens et des
fonctionnaires coloniaux, compte pour la croissance de la capacité de
l'État mauricien au cours du dix-neuvième siècle. A la
suite de l'explosion de la principale marchandise en 1825, les planteurs
de sucre ont fait pression sur les autorités coloniales de «
régulariser » les conditions de la main d'œuvre sur l'île,
d'améliorer ses infrastructures de transport, et d'entreprendre des
initiatives de recherche et développement. Ces efforts ont collectivement
contribué à promouvoir la croissance de la capacité de l'État et
jeté les bases d'état relativement capables pour le pays. L'influence de
la coalition d'exportation de l'île Maurice sur l'édification de
l'État peut apporter de la lumière sur le succès comparatif
du pays par rapport à d'autres pays africains, où des coalitions
axées sur l'exportation ont été rares à la fois historiquement et
à l'époque contemporaine. Mots-clés: L'île
Maurice; les exportations de sucre; l'explosion des matières
premières; les coalitions; l'édification de l'État; le
développement politique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 465-478
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.710835
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.710835
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:465-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rogers Tabe Egbe Orock
Author-X-Name-First: Rogers Tabe Egbe
Author-X-Name-Last: Orock
Author-Name: Oben Timothy Mbuagbo
Author-X-Name-First: Oben Timothy
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbuagbo
Title: ‘Why government should not collect taxes’: grand corruption in government and citizens' views on taxation in Cameroon
Abstract:
This paper explores how Cameroonians view the payment of taxes to the
Cameroonian state in the backdrop of the pervasive corruption and the
dismal levels of social service provision characterising public governance
in the country since the early 1990s. It does so by combining a review of
secondary literature about the nature of state--society relations in
Cameroon and public opinion surveys and citizens' comments in the private
press relating to these issues. It concludes that such perceptions about
taxation illustrate the challenges confronting African states if they seek
to expand their capacity for domestic resource mobilisation through
taxation. [Pourquoi le gouvernement ne devrait pas percevoir des
impôts: la grande corruption au sein du gouvernement et l'opinion des
citoyens sur la fiscalité au Cameroun.] Cet article examine comment les
Camerounais considèrent le paiement des impôts à
l'État camerounais dans le contexte où la corruption est
généralisée et les niveaux sombres de la gouvernance des services sociaux
caractérisent la gestion publique dans le pays depuis le début des années
1990. Cela se fait par une combinaison de l'examen de la documentation
secondaire sur la nature des relations État-société au Cameroun, et
les sondages d'opinion publique et les commentaires des citoyens dans la
presse privée se rapportant à ces questions. Il conclut que la
perception des citoyens sur la fiscalité illustre les défis auxquels sont
confrontés les Etats africains s'ils cherchent à étendre leur
capacité de mobilisation des ressources intérieures par la fiscalité.
Mots-clés: Cameroun ; corruption ; gouvernance publique ;
fiscalité ; confiance
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 479-499
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.710837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.710837
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:479-499
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeanne Koopman
Author-X-Name-First: Jeanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Koopman
Title: Will Africa's Green Revolution squeeze African family farmers to death? Lessons from small-scale high-cost rice production in the Senegal River Valley
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 500-511
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.711076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.711076
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:500-511
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Author-Name: Franklin Charles Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: Plusieurs chemins: how different stakeholders at different scales in Malian society are fragmenting the state
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 512-524
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.711078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.711078
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:512-524
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Walls
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Walls
Author-Name: Steve Kibble
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibble
Title: Somalia: oil and (in)security
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 525-535
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.711079
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.711079
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:525-535
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: Tanzania in transition: from Nyerere to Mkapa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 536-537
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.713583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.713583
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:536-537
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Author-Name: J. Shola Omotola
Author-X-Name-First: J. Shola
Author-X-Name-Last: Omotola
Title: Oil and Insurgency in the Niger Delta: Managing the Complex Politics of Petrol Violence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 538-539
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.712746
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.712746
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:538-539
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Blank
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Blank
Title: African awakening: the emerging revolutions
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 540-541
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.712747
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.712747
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:540-541
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Author-Name: Gaim Kibreab
Author-X-Name-First: Gaim
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibreab
Title: Ethiopia: the last two frontiers
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 542-546
Issue: 133
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.712748
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.712748
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:133:p:542-546
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabrielle Lynch
Author-X-Name-First: Gabrielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch
Title: The economic is political and the political is economic: protest, change, and continuity in contemporary Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 547-550
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738795
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738795
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:547-550
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Fine
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Fine
Title: Assessing South Africa's New Growth Path: framework for change?
Abstract:
The New Growth Path (NGP) is the symbolic policy document of South
Africa's newly formed Department of Economic Development. It marks an
intended break with the growth path of the first two decades of the
post-apartheid era. But does it do so in principle and is it likely to do
so in practice? This paper suggests otherwise because of its failure to
address, let alone remedy, the key determining features of the
post-apartheid economic landscape. These are the (international)
financialisation of (domestic) conglomerate capital especially associated
with (illegal) capital flight, the complicity of a newly formed black
elite, and the continuing reliance upon how these interact with South
Africa's longstanding minerals--energy complex (MEC). Without breaking
with these features, the NGP in particular, and policy more generally,
will seek to temper the gains and organisational opposition of better-off
workers for putative benefits to those deprived of employment and basic
levels of public provision. [Évaluer la nouvelle direction de
croissance d'Afrique du Sud : cadre pour le changement?] La nouvelle ligne
de croissance (NGP) est le document de la politique symbolique du nouveau
ministère sud-africain de développement économique. Il marque une
pause prévue avec la ligne de la croissance des deux premières
décennies survenues après l'ère de l'apartheid. Mais est-ce que
cela se confirme dans le principe et dans la pratique? Ce document
suggère le contraire, à cause de son incapacité à répondre
- sans parler de remède -- aux principales caractéristiques qui
déterminent le paysage économique de la période après l'apartheid. Il
s'agit de la financiarisation (internationale) du capital conglomérat
(domestique), en particulier associée à la fuite (illégale) des
capitaux, la complicité d'une élite noire nouvellement constituée, et d'un
appui persistant sur la façon dont ceux-ci interagissent avec le
complexe de longue date des minéraux d'énergie de l'Afrique du Sud. Sans
rompre avec ces caractéristiques, la NGP en particulier, et plus
généralement la politique, cherchera à tempérer les gains et
l'opposition de l'organisation des travailleurs plus aisés pour des
avantages supposés aux personnes privées d'emploi et les niveaux de base
de la prestation publique. Mots-clés: La Nouvelle
trajectoire de croissance ;
financiarisation ; complexe des minéraux
d'énergie ; Afrique du Sud
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 551-568
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:551-568
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Beresford
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Beresford
Title: Organised labour and the politics of class formation in post-apartheid South Africa
Abstract:
This paper will examine the processes of class formation being augmented
by South Africa's democratic transition and the impacts these processes
are having on trade union organising. Through a case study of the National
Union of Mineworkers in the energy industry, it will be argued that
affirmative action and employment equity policies are opening up divisions
within the union and eroding its unifying class identity. This poses a
great challenge, not only to trade union organisation, but also to how we
understand the political role of South Africa's trade unions within the
post-apartheid era. [Le travail organisé et la politique de formation des
classes après l'époque de l'apartheid en Afrique du Sud.] Le présent
document examine les processus de formation des classes mis en croissance
par la transition démocratique en Afrique du Sud et les impacts que ces
processus ont sur l'organisation syndicale. Grâce à une étude de
cas du Syndicat national des mineurs (NUM) dans le secteur de l'énergie,
on fera valoir que l'action positive et les politiques d'équité dans le
domaine de l'emploi suscitent des divisions au sein de l'Union et entament
l'identité de la classe unificatrice. Cela pose un grand défi, non
seulement à l'organisation syndicale, mais aussi à la façon
dont nous comprenons le rôle politique des syndicats d'Afrique du Sud
à travers l'ère d'après- apartheid.
Mots-clés: Afrique du Sud ; les
syndicats ; l'action positive ;
COSATU ; ANC
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 569-589
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738417
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:569-589
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amanda Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Title: ‘A disciplining method for holding standards down’: how the World Bank planned Africa's slums
Abstract:
This article examines the World Bank's attempts to frame the relationship
between states, markets, and citizens through its urban assistance
programmes during the 1970s and 1980s. Drawing on internal memoranda,
mission reports, and staff reviews, this study traces the bank's arguments
about the ideal role of the state in housing and service provision. Over
this period, the World Bank encouraged governments to withdraw from
providing public housing directly and to act instead as an
‘enabler’ of market forces, with lasting economic and
political consequences. The article concludes with a focus on South Africa
in the early 1990s, when the World Bank (after two decades of practice in
promoting privatised land and housing markets) counselled the African
National Congress on its post-apartheid policies. In the years since,
these policies have resulted in explosive confrontations with
civil-society activists who remain committed to alternative visions of the
role of the state in housing and service provision. [« Une
méthode disciplinaire pour avoir tiré les normes vers le bas » :
comment la Banque mondiale a planifié les bidonvilles d'Afrique.] Cet
article examine les tentatives de la Banque mondiale en vue d'encadrer la
relation entre les Etats, les marchés et les citoyens à travers ses
programmes d'aide en milieu urbain au cours des années 1970 et 1980.
S'appuyant sur des notes internes, des rapports de mission et les
commentaires du personnel, cette étude retrace les arguments de la Banque
sur le rôle idéal de l'État en matière de logement et de
prestation de services. Au cours de cette période, la Banque mondiale a
encouragé les gouvernements à se retirer dans le fait de fournir
logement public mais d'agir plutôt comme un ‘‘
facilitateur ’' des forces du marché, avec des conséquences
économiques et politiques durables. Le document conclut en mettant
l'accent sur l'Afrique du Sud dans les années 1990, lorsque la Banque
mondiale (après deux décennies de pratique dans la promotion des
terres privatisées et du logement) a conseillé le Congrès national
africain sur ses politiques d'après-apartheid. Dans les années qui
ont suivi, ces politiques ont donné lieu à des affrontements
explosifs avec des militants de la société civile qui demeurent engagés
à d'autres visions du rôle de l'Etat en matière de logement
et de prestation de services. Mots-clés: Banque
mondiale ; citoyenneté ;
privatisation ; logement ; terre
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 590-613
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738603
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:590-613
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Abdelrahman
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelrahman
Title: A hierarchy of struggles? The ‘economic’ and the ‘political’ in Egypt's revolution
Abstract:
Egypt's revolutionary process is facing serious challenges, not least of
which is the absence of a broadly based movement that can harness the
energy of the masses. The forces of the counter-revolution are using all
means to derail the process especially by effecting a schism between
‘economic’ and ‘political’ demands where the
former is portrayed as extraneous to the course of the revolution. The
article demonstrates how this separation in any struggle is falsely
conceived and in the case of Egypt is being used as a deliberate tactic to
protect the interests of the capitalist state and its agents. [Une
hiérarchie de lutte? L'aspect « économique » et
« politique » dans la révolution égyptienne.] Le
processus révolutionnaire d'Égypte est confronté à de sérieux
défis, non des moindres est l'absence d'un vaste mouvement qui peut
canaliser l'énergie des masses. Les forces de la contre-révolution
utilisent tous les moyens pour déstabiliser le processus, notamment en
effectuant un schisme entre les demandes
« économique » et « politique »,
où l'ancien est dépeint comme étant étranger à la marche de la
révolution. L'article montre comment cette séparation dans toute lutte est
faussement conçue et dans le cas où l'Égypte est utilisée
comme une tactique délibérée pour protéger les intérêts de
l'État capitaliste et ses agents. Mots-clés:
Égypte manifestations néolibéralisme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 614-628
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:614-628
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grant Jarvie
Author-X-Name-First: Grant
Author-X-Name-Last: Jarvie
Author-Name: Michelle Sikes
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Sikes
Title: Running as a resource of hope? Voices from Eldoret
Abstract:
There is a continuing debate about East African running success. Few
studies have considered wealth as a key motivation behind wanting to run.
This article focuses upon the motivations of Kenyan women who choose to
participate in professional running and the impact on them, their families
and wider communities. Much of the fieldwork for this study took place in
and around the town of Eldoret. It encourages researchers interested in
sport in Africa to develop a political economy approach to running and to
critically evaluate the claims made for sport as a resource of hope.
[L'entreprenariat en tant que ressource d'espoir? Des voix s'élèvent
depuis Eldoret.] Il y a un débat qui se poursuit au sujet du succès
dans l'émergence de l'Afrique de l'Est. Peu d'études ont considéré la
richesse comme étant une motivation clé derrière le désir
d'entreprendre. Cet article se concentre sur les motivations des femmes
kenyanes qui choisissent de participer à la gestion d'entreprise et
son impact sur elles, sur leurs familles et sur les communautés plus
étendues. Une grande partie du travail sur le terrain et pour cette étude,
a eu lieu dans et autour de la ville d'Eldoret. Il encourage les
chercheurs qui s'intéressent au sport en Afrique à développer une
approche d'économie politique à l'exécution et à l'évaluation
critique des demandes formulées pour le sport en tant que ressource
d'espoir. Mots-clés: courir au Kenya ; les
femmes ; les chances de la vie ; les
motivations ; les richesses ; les ressources
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 629-644
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738416
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:629-644
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: The legacy of Meles Zenawi
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 645-654
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738796
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:645-654
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeanne Koopman
Author-X-Name-First: Jeanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Koopman
Title: Land grabs, government, peasant and civil society activism in the Senegal River Valley
Abstract:
Following the Briefing in the last issue of ROAPE, this
Debates contribution again uses Senegalese evidence to explore the
interests and actions of major participants in the struggle to transform
African agriculture: government, national elites, peasants and their civil
society allies. The first section examines government motivations in
facilitating land grabs; the second reviews a seminal land grab case in
the Senegal River Valley that illustrates the growing sophistication of
the peasant pushback and the emergence of an anti-land grab coalition
between civil society and peasant organisations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 655-664
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738797
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:655-664
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luke Sinwell
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinwell
Title: Sharpening the Weapons of the weak: a response to Carin Runciman
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 665-671
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738798
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738798
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:665-671
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Parfitt
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor
Author-X-Name-Last: Parfitt
Title: Development ethics: means of the means?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 672-681
Issue: 134
Volume: 39
Year: 2012
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738799
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738799
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:39:y:2012:i:134:p:672-681
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miles Larmer
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Larmer
Author-Name: Ann Laudati
Author-X-Name-First: Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Laudati
Author-Name: John F. Clark
Author-X-Name-First: John F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark
Title: Neither war nor peace in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): profiting and coping amid violence and disorder
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-12
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.762165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.762165
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:1-12
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars-Christopher Huening
Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Huening
Title: Making use of the past: the Rwandophone question and the ‘Balkanisation of the Congo’
Abstract:
Since the end of the second Congo war (1998--2003), the eastern Congolese
provinces of North and South Kivu have remained in a state of neither war
nor peace. With the re-emergence of rebellion in mid 2012, tensions have
again risen between self-styled ‘native’ or
‘autochthon’ groups, and populations of both Congolese Hutu
and Tutsi, often called ‘Rwandophones’. Whereas the former
groups fear a looming ‘Rwandophone rise’, which will
supposedly usher in Congo's ‘Balkanisation’, Rwandophone
Hutu and especially Tutsi are afraid of marginalisation and renewed
persecution. This article historicises the powerful meaning and tenacity
of current fears of the ‘other’ that stand behind prevalent
identity-markers and concepts such as ‘Rwandophone’ and
‘Balkanisation’, and which continue to fuel the present
Kivutien identity conflict. In this regard, the period from
c.1990 to 1996 was especially formative in the emergence
of conflicting identities and the concurrent radicalisation of Congo's
political discourse. From the vantage point of Kinshasa's press, this
article reconstructs how the use of selective memories, claims about and
mythico-historical visions of the past were instrumental in shaping
Rwandophone identity formation. [L'utilisation du passé : la question
Rwandophone et la ‘Balkanisation du Congo’]. Depuis la fin
de la deuxième guerre du Congo (1998--2003), les provinces de l'est
du Congo, Nord-Kivu et Sud-Kivu, sont restées dans un état ni de guerre,
ni de paix. Avec la réémergence de la rébellion à partir de la moitié
de l'année 2012, des tensions sont de nouveau apparues entre des
soi-disant groupes 'd'autochtones' ou 'd'indigènes' et des
populations congolaises tant Hutu que Tutsi, souvent appelés
‘Rwandophones'. Alors que les groupes dits
‘autochtones’ craignent une ‘une montée imminente des
Rwandophones’, laquelle conduirait vraisemblablement à une
'Balkanisation' du Congo, les populations dites
‘Rwandophone’, Hutu et en particulier Tutsi, craignent une
marginalisation et une nouvelle persécution. Cet article retrace la
puissante signification et la ténacité des peurs actuelles 'de l'autre'
qui s'appuient sur des marqueurs d'identité existants et des concepts tels
que la ‘Rwandophonie’ et la ‘Balkanisation', lesquels
continuent d'alimenter le présent conflit d'identité dans les Kivu. À
ce propos, la période de 1990 à 1996 était particulièrement
décisive dans l'émergence d'identités opposées et de radicalisation
simultanée du discours politique du Congo. Du point de vue de la presse de
Kinshasa, cet article reconstruit la manière dont l'utilisation des
souvenirs sélectifs, les revendications et les visions mythico-historiques
du passé ont contribué à la structuration de la formation identitaire
des Rwandophones. Mots-clés : Congo ; identité ;
Rwandophones ; Rwanda ; Balkanisation ; Kivus
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 13-31
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.761603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.761603
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:13-31
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Laudati
Author-X-Name-First: Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Laudati
Title: Beyond minerals: broadening ‘economies of violence’ in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract:
This paper expands current understandings on resource wars by arguing for
a comprehensive ‘economies of violence’ that considers the
wider range of activities that rebel groups are engaged in beyond
minerals. Using evidence from fieldwork in eastern Democratic Republic of
Congo together with recent scholarship, this paper draws on six secondary
economies to construct a broader political economy of Congo's divergent
natural-resource wealth. It then considers how the engagement of armed
groups in these activities creates opportunities, alternative livelihoods
and governance structures, as well as new forms of conflict, and what
these processes may hold for the future of the region. [Au-delà des
minéraux : l'extension des ‘économies de violence’ dans
l'est de la République Démocratique du Congo]. Cette étude développe les
recherches actuelles sur les guerres des ressources en argumentant en
faveur d'une prise en compte des 'économies de violence' qui comprennent
la plus large gamme d'activités dans lesquelles les groupes de rebelles se
sont engagés, au-delà de l'extraction des minéraux. En utilisant les
résultats des recherches sur le terrain dans l'est de la RDC et les
recherches récentes, cette étude décrit six économies secondaires pour
représenter une économie politique plus large de la richesse divergente
des ressources minérales du Congo. Cette étude examine ensuite comment
l'engagement des groupes armés dans ces activités crée des opportunités,
des modes de subsistance alternatifs et des structures de gouvernance,
ainsi que de nouvelles formes de conflits et ce que ces processus peuvent
impliquer pour l'avenir de la région. Mots-clés : guerres
des ressources ; République Démocratique du Congo ; économies
parallèles ; économies de violence ; malédiction des ressources
naturelles
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 32-50
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.760446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.760446
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole C. D'Errico
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole C.
Author-X-Name-Last: D'Errico
Author-Name: Tshibangu Kalala
Author-X-Name-First: Tshibangu
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalala
Author-Name: Louise Bashige Nzigire
Author-X-Name-First: Louise Bashige
Author-X-Name-Last: Nzigire
Author-Name: Felicien Maisha
Author-X-Name-First: Felicien
Author-X-Name-Last: Maisha
Author-Name: Luc Malemo Kalisya
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Malemo Kalisya
Title: ‘You say rape, I say hospitals. But whose voice is louder?’ Health, aid and decision-making in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract:
In the last decade, scholars and humanitarians have rightly drawn
attention to the high rates of gender-based violence in the eastern
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which are associated with the high
levels of conflict in the country since 1996. However, this focus detracts
from the general health problems that stem from the deterioration of the
health sector, which began long before the outbreak of war. This article
analyses local perceptions of the determinants of maternal health and
illness in eastern DRC, and identifies ways in which women cope with
barriers to health care that derive from an inadequate and/or absent
health-care system. The article demonstrates that in both urban and rural
locations in all four provinces of eastern DRC, women have organised to
address their own vulnerabilities, which, according to them, amount to
more than exposure to gender-based violence. The existence of these
informal systems demonstrates the need to reassess the image of Congolese
women as primarily passive victims and/or targets of violence. The article
suggests that these culturally rooted indigenous solutions be evaluated as
worthy recipients of development funding, which is often exclusively
offered to international organisations. [« Vous dites viol, je
dis hôpitaux. Mais qui parle le plus fort ? » : La
santé, l'aide et la prise de décision dans la République Démocratique du
Congo]. Durant la dernière décennie, les érudits et les humanitaires
ont correctement attiré l'attention sur les taux élevés de violence sur la
seule base du genre dans l'est de la République Démocratique du Congo
(RDC), qui sont en lien avec les hauts niveaux de conflit dans le pays
depuis 1996. Pourtant, cette attention sur les violences sexuelles
détourne l'attention qui devrait être portée aux problèmes
sanitaires généraux qui sont dus à la détérioration du secteur de la
santé, qui a commencé longtemps avant l'émergence de la guerre. Cet
article examine les perceptions locales des déterminants de la santé
maternelle et de la maladie dans l'est de la RDC et identifie les
manières avec lesquelles les femmes s'adaptent aux difficultés
d'accès aux soins de santé qui résultent d'un système de santé
publique insuffisant et/ou absent. L'article montre que dans les zones
tant urbaines que rurales et dans les quatre provinces de l'est de la RDC,
les femmes se sont organisées pour faire face à leurs propres
vulnérabilités, qui, selon elles, représentent un problème plus
important que l'exposition à la violence fondée sur le genre.
L'existence de ces systèmes informels démontre le besoin de
reconsidérer l'image des femmes congolaises comme étant en premier lieu
des victimes passives et/ou des objets de violences. L'article
suggère que ces solutions culturellement enracinées dans le
modèle local pourraient être évaluées comme des bénéficiaires
louables de l'aide au développement, laquelle est souvent exclusivement
délivrée à des organisations internationales. Mots-clés
: Congo ; viol ; santé ; violence liée au genre ; conflit
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 51-66
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.761962
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.761962
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:51-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Verweijen
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Verweijen
Title: Military business and the business of the military in the Kivus
Abstract:
Contrary to dominant approaches that locate the causes for military
entrepreneurialism in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
predominantly in criminal military elites, this article highlights the
importance of the Congolese military's (FARDC) civilian context for
understanding military revenue-generation. It analyses how the latter is
shaped by structures of domination, signification and legitimisation that
drive and are driven by the FARDC's governance, private protection and
security practices. It argues that these practices contribute to bestowing
a degree of legitimacy on both the FARDC's position of power and some of
its revenue-generation activities. Furthermore, by emphasising that the
FARDC's regulatory and protection practices are partly the product of
popular demands and the routine actions of civilians, the article contends
that the causes of military revenue-generation are co-located in the
military's civilian environment. In this manner, it offers a more nuanced
conceptualisation of military entrepreneurialism, thus opening up new
perspectives on policy interventions in this area. [Les affaires
militaires et les affaires des militaires dans le Kivu]. Contrairement aux
approches dominantes qui trouvent les causes de l'entrepreneuriat des
militaires dans l'est de la RDC essentiellement dans les élites militaires
criminelles, cet article met en exergue l'importance du contexte civil de
l'armée congolaise (FARDC) pour comprendre les pratiques militaires
génératrices de revenus. Il analyse comment ces dernières sont
influencées par les structures de domination, de signification et de
légitimation qui conduisent et sont conduites par les pratiques de
gouvernance, de protection privée et de sécurité des FARDC. L'article
soutient que ces pratiques contribuent à l'attribution d'un degré de
légitimité tant sur la position du pouvoir des FARDC que sur certaines de
leurs activités de génération de revenus. En outre, en insistant sur le
fait que les pratiques de protection et de régulation des FARDC résultent
en partie des demandes populaires et des actions de routine des civils,
l'article soutient que les origines des activités de génération de revenus
des militaires sont co-localisés dans l'environnement civil des
militaires. De cette manière, l'article offre une conceptualisation
de l'entreprenariat militaire plus nuancé, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles
perspectives pour les interventions des bailleurs de fonds dans ce
domaine. Mots-clés : Armée congolaise ; Kivu ;
militarisation ; économies informelles ; réforme de l'armée
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 67-82
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.761602
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.761602
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:67-82
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura E. Seay
Author-X-Name-First: Laura E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Seay
Title: Effective responses: Protestants, Catholics and the provision of health care in the post-war Kivus
Abstract:
In extremely weak states, why are some civil society organisations better
at providing health care than others? The case of health-care provision in
the Kivu provinces of the eastern DRC provides a useful context in which
to examine this question. Faced with the negative effects of more than 15
years of conflict, civil society organisations are the only institutions
capable of providing social services. This article uses a series of case
studies of local, faith-based health-care providers to argue that a number
of historical, demographic and institutional factors cause some groups to
develop stronger social capital networks than others. This in turn affects
the degree of effectiveness that an organisation will have in providing
social services in the state's absence. In doing so, they effectively
substitute for the state in its role as a provider and regulator of public
goods. [Réponses efficaces : les Protestants, les Catholiques et la
prévention des soins sanitaires dans le Kivu d'après-guerre]. Dans
les états extrêmement faibles, pourquoi certaines organisations de la
société civile sont plus efficaces pour fournir les soins sanitaires que
d'autres? Le cas de prévention des soins sanitaires dans les provinces du
Kivu à l'est de la RDC fournit un contexte pertinent pour examiner
cette question. Faisant face aux effets négatifs de plus de 15 ans de
conflits, les organisations de la société civile sont les seules
institutions capables de fournir des services sociaux. Cet article utilise
une série d'études de cas de fournisseurs de soins de santé confessionnels
opérant au niveau local, pour soutenir qu'un certain nombre de facteurs
historiques, démographiques et institutionnels permettent à certains
groupes de développer de plus forts réseaux sociaux que d'autres. Ceci
affecte à son tour le degré d'efficacité d'une organisation dans la
fourniture de services sociaux en l'absence de l'État. De cette
manière, ils se substituent effectivement à l'État dans son
rôle de fournisseur et régulateur de biens publics.
Mots-clés : RDC ; soins de santé, religion ; les Protestants,
les Catholiques ; Kivu
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 83-97
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.761601
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.761601
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:83-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ashley E. Leinweber
Author-X-Name-First: Ashley E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Leinweber
Title: From devastation to mobilisation: the Muslim community's involvement in social welfare in post-conflict DRC
Abstract:
Undisputedly, more than a decade of war in the Democratic Republic of
Congo has had an immensely negative impact on the social fabric of
communities. However, tales of woe and destruction are not all that have
arisen out of the ashes of the Congo wars. In fact, the minority Muslim
community has capitalised upon the opportunity of this historical moment
of state weakness and desperate human need to mobilise for the benefit of
the larger society. Despite decades of marginalisation and withdrawal from
political and development realms, in post-conflict DRC, Muslim
associations are organising to provide social services, especially
education. [De la dévastation à la mobilisation : le rôle de la
communauté musulmane dans la fourniture deles services sociaux dans la
période après-conflit en RDC] Incontestablement, plus d'une décennie
de guerre dans la République Démocratique du Congo a eu un impact
très négatif sur la structure sociale des communautés. Pourtant, les
histoires de malheur et de destruction ne sont pas les seules choses qui
sont nées des cendres des guerres du Congo. En fait, la communauté
minoritaire musulmane a misé sur l'opportunité de ce moment historique de
faiblesse de l'État et de besoins humanitaires urgents pour se
mobiliser en faveur de la société dans son ensemble. Malgré les décennies
de marginalisation et le retrait des domaines politiques et du
développement, dans la RDC d'après conflit, les associations
musulmanes s'organisent pour fournir des services sociaux, en particulier
dans le domaine de l'éducation. Mots-clés : Congo ; Islam ;
sciences politiques ; éducation ; états défaillants ; institutions
hybrides
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 98-115
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.760445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.760445
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:98-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristof Titeca
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof
Author-X-Name-Last: Titeca
Author-Name: Tom De Herdt
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: De Herdt
Author-Name: Inge Wagemakers
Author-X-Name-First: Inge
Author-X-Name-Last: Wagemakers
Title: God and Caesar in the Democratic Republic of Congo: negotiating church--state relations through the management of school fees in Kinshasa's Catholic schools
Abstract:
This article argues that state (re)construction and functioning involves
negotiated governance between both state and non-state actors, in which
power relations between local actors are not just implicitly present or
co-influencing policies but are of uttermost importance to the formation
of policy and state. One of the main non-state actors in African service
delivery is the church. State and church are two major poles of power
which determine -- through negotiation -- large domains of service
delivery, such as education. We discuss a major attempt by the Catholic
Church to reform the school-fee system in Kinshasa (DRC). The attempt
largely failed, but its analysis reveals the political capabilities of
different actors involved. The arrangements of state and non-state actors
largely evolve in a roundabout way, not at all along the lines of an
explicit negotiation process, and are very much determined by local-level
governance instead of higher-level policies. [Dieu et César dans la
République Démocratique du Congo : les négociations des relations entre
l'église et l'état à travers l'administration des frais de scolarité
dans les écoles Catholiques de Kinshasa.] Cet article soutient que la
(re)construction de l'État et son fonctionnement impliquent une
gouvernance négociée tant entre les acteurs étatiques et non-étatiques, et
dans laquelle les relations de pouvoir ne sont pas seulement présentes
implicitement ou ne font pas qu'influencer conjointement les politiques,
mais sont d'importance capitale à la formation de la politique et de
l'État. Un des acteurs non-étatiques principaux dans la fourniture de
service en Afrique est l'Église. L'État et l'Église sont
deux pôles importants de pouvoir qui déterminent - par la négociation
- les grands domaines de fourniture de services, comme l'éducation. Cette
étude examine une tentative de réforme majeure du système des frais
scolaires à Kinshasa (RDC) par l'Église catholique. La tentative
a échoué en grande partie, mais son analyse révèle les capacités
politiques des différents acteurs impliqués. Les accords des acteurs
étatiques et non-étatiques se développent majoritairement d'une
manière détournée, pas du tout dans le sens d'un processus de
négociation explicite, et sont très largement déterminées par la
gouvernance au niveau local à défaut de politiques d'un niveau
supérieur. Mots-clés : République Démocratique du Congo ;
l'État ; l'Église ; gouvernance ; secteur
éducatif
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 116-131
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.761963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.761963
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:116-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stylianos Moshonas
Author-X-Name-First: Stylianos
Author-X-Name-Last: Moshonas
Title: Looking beyond reform failure in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 132-140
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.762149
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.762149
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:132-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Trefon
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Trefon
Title: Uncertainty and powerlessness in Congo 2012
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 141-151
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.762148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.762148
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:141-151
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johanna Jansson
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Jansson
Title: The Sicomines agreement revisited: prudent Chinese banks and risk-taking Chinese companies
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 152-162
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.762167
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.762167
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:152-162
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason K. Stearns
Author-X-Name-First: Jason K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stearns
Title: The trouble with the Congo: local violence and the failure of international peacebuilding
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 163-167
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.760861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.760861
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:163-167
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Robinson
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson
Title: Political economy of media transformation in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 168-169
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738801
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:168-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgios Tsopanakis
Author-X-Name-First: Georgios
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsopanakis
Title: Chocolate nations: living and dying for cocoa in West Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 170-171
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.738802
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.738802
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:170-171
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Haji Ingiriis
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Haji
Author-X-Name-Last: Ingiriis
Title: Getting Somalia wrong? Faith, war and hope in a shattered state
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 172-173
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.760862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.760862
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:172-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Gabay
Author-X-Name-First: Clive
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabay
Title: Political culture and nationalism in Malawi: building Kwacha
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 174-175
Issue: 135
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2012.760863
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2012.760863
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:135:p:174-175
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Neo-imperialism and African development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 179-184
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797759
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797759
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:179-184
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hazel Gray
Author-X-Name-First: Hazel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gray
Title: Industrial policy and the political settlement in Tanzania: aspects of continuity and change since independence
Abstract:
This article explores Tanzania's experience of industrial
policy since independence through the concept of the political settlement.
Higher growth in manufacturing since 1996 has been seen as a vindication
of neoliberal policies of market liberalisation. Yet, the neoliberal
approach fails to take account of the important legacy of state-led
industrialisation under socialism and aspects of the political economy of
the state in Tanzania that explain some of the longer-term constraints on
industrialisation. Critical aspects of Tanzania's political settlement
relate to state--capital relations and the distribution of power between
contenting factions of intermediate classes within the state.
[Politique industrielle et le règlement politique en Tanzanie: aspects de
continuité et de changement depuis l'indépendance.] Cet article examine
l'expérience tanzanienne en matière de politique industrielle depuis
l'indépendance à travers le concept du règlement politique. La forte
croissance dans le secteur industriel depuis 1996 a été considérée comme
une justification de politiques néolibérales de libéralisation des
marchés. Toutefois, l'approche néolibérale ne parvient pas à prendre en
compte l'héritage important d'une industrialisation gérée par
l'État sous le régime socialiste ainsi que les aspects de
l'économie politique de l'État en Tanzanie, qui expliquent
certaines des contraintes à plus long terme à l'industrialisation. Les
aspects essentiels du règlement politique en Tanzanie concernent les
relations État-capital et la répartition des pouvoirs entre les
factions des classes intermédiaires se contentant de la situation au sein
de l'État. Mots-clés :
Tanzanie; règlements politiques; politique industrielle; production
industrielle; libéralisation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 185-201
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.794725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.794725
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:185-201
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Labour and underdevelopment? Migration, dispossession and accumulation in West Africa and Europe
Abstract:
Recent waves of accumulation have been well documented in
this journal with regard to land and natural resources, but labour is
missing from these important analyses of profound continuity and change.
This article focuses on 'step-wise' migrations and specifically on cases
of emigration from Senegal and entry to the Spanish labour market. The
labour regime is conceptualised as unfree labour mobility, which
integrates dispossession, territorial control, illegalisation, the
ideology of racism and the exploitation of labour. Finding salience in
earlier theories of unfree labour, this article shows how the control of
capital over migration to Europe perpetuates underdevelopment.
[Travail et sous-développement? Migration, dépossession et accumulation en
Afrique de l'Ouest et en Europe.] Les vagues récentes d'accumulation ont
été bien documentées dans cette revue en ce qui concerne les ressources
foncières et naturelles mais le travail n'est pas pris en considération
dans ces analyses de continuité et de changement profonds. Cet article se
concentre sur les migrations progressives et en particulier les cas
d'émigration du Sénégal et d'entrée sur le marché du travail espagnol. Le
régime du travail est conçu comme une mobilité du travail non-libre qui
intègre la dépossession, le contrôle territorial, le travail
illégal, l'idéologie du racisme et l'exploitation de la main
d'œuvre. Recherchant le point saillant des théories existantes du
travail non-libre, cet article montre comment le contrôle du capital
sur les migrations vers l'Europe perpétue le sous-développement.
Mots-clés : mobilité de la main
d'œuvre; migration; Sénégal; accumulation par dépossession;
sous-développement; Europe
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 202-218
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.794727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.794727
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:202-218
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paris Yeros
Author-X-Name-First: Paris
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeros
Title: The rise and fall of trade unionism in Zimbabwe, Part I: 1990--1995
Abstract:
This article is the first of a two-part study on the
evolution of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) in the 1990s.
This first part covers the period 1990--1995, when the labour centre was
in its most radical mode. This is demonstrated by tracing its
interventions in the public debate, its mobilisation and democratisation
campaign, and its escalating strike action. It is argued, however, that
the weaknesses of the ZCTU, especially its lack of organic roots outside
the formal sector and its dependence on foreign donors, set the stage for
a significant change in its ideology and strategy. [La montée
et la chute du syndicalisme au Zimbabwe, Part I: 1990--1995.] Cet article
est le premier d'une étude en deux parties sur l'évolution du Congrès des
syndicats du Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions,
ZCTU) dans les années 90. La première partie couvre la période 1990--1995,
époque à laquelle le mouvement des travailleurs était le plus
radical. Les interventions de la ZCTU dans le débat public, ses campagnes
de mobilisation et de démocratisation ainsi que ses actions de grève qui
dégénéraient, nous montrent cette radicalité. Cependant, les faiblesses du
ZCTU, en particulier son manque de liens en dehors du secteur formel et sa
dépendance envers les bailleurs de fonds étrangers, ont été déterminant
dans le changement significatif opéré par après dans son idéologie et sa
stratégie. Mots-clés : Afrique;
Zimbabwe; relations de travail; syndicalisme; démocratisation;
développement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 219-232
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.795143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.795143
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:219-232
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesse Salah Ovadia
Author-X-Name-First: Jesse Salah
Author-X-Name-Last: Ovadia
Title: Accumulation with or without dispossession? A 'both/and' approach to China in Africa with reference to Angola
Abstract:
In the burgeoning field of research on China in Africa,
analyses generally fall on a continuum between two divergent positions.
With reference to Angola, this paper reviews perspectives on China in
Africa as well as the main features of Chinese engagement with the
continent in order to interrogate the 'divide' between the 'China threat'
and 'peaceful rise' positions. The goal is not to take a centrist
position, but rather to suggest that China represents for Africa
both a new imperialism and a new model
of development. While differentiating between the new Euro-American and
Chinese imperialisms, China's new engagement, exemplified by its
relationship with Angola, is a project of recolonisation and appropriation
of economic surplus. The Chinese variety of imperialism, however, offers
African states a compromise to their elite and to their citizens that has
heretofore been missing from post-colonial Euro-American imperialism --
the prospect of sustained economic growth and improvement to the quality
of everyday life. [Accumulation avec ou sans dépossession? Une
approche « à la fois/et » à la Chine en Afrique, avec comme
exemple l'Angola.] Dans le domaine de la recherche en plein essor sur la
Chine en Afrique, les analyses se situent généralement sur un continuum
entre deux positions divergentes. En prenant comme exemple l'Angola, cet
article examine les perspectives de la Chine en Afrique ainsi que les
principales caractéristiques de l'engagement chinois envers le continent
afin de questionner le fossé entre les positions craignant la «
menace chinoise » et celle croyant en « la montée en puissance
pacifique » du pays. L'objectif n'est pas d'adopter une position
centriste, mais plutôt de suggérer que la Chine représente pour
l'Afrique à la fois un nouvel impérialisme
et un nouveau modèle de développement. Alors qu'il se
différencie des nouveaux impérialismes euro-américains et chinois, le
nouvel engagement de la Chine, illustré par sa relation avec l'Angola, est
un projet de recolonisation et d'appropriation de l'excédent économique.
La grande variété de l'impérialisme chinois offre cependant un compromis,
à l'élite et aux citoyens des États africains, qui était
précédemment absent de l'impérialisme postcolonial euro-américain -- la
perspective d'une croissance économique durable et de l'amélioration de la
qualité de la vie de tous les jours.
Mots-clés : Chine Angola; pétrole; accumulation;
nouvel impérialisme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 233-250
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.794724
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.794724
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:233-250
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Oya
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Oya
Title: Rural wage employment in Africa: methodological issues and emerging evidence
Abstract:
This article explores the evidence on rural labour markets
and wage employment in sub-Saharan Africa. The article argues that much of
the official statistical evidence on rural wage employment is either
scarce or unreliable, and discusses a number of hypotheses and reasons for
this. A number of alternatives are discussed to overcome the most serious
weaknesses of conventional data collection methods and to illustrate their
usefulness with selected findings and emerging themes from field research
that has attempted to overcome the shortcomings of standard household
surveys in rural Africa, in order to capture the nature and dynamics of
rural wage employment. [L'emploi salarié dans les zones
rurales en Afrique : questions méthodologiques et nouvelles données.] Cet
article examine les données sur les marchés du travail et le travail
salarié dans les zones rurales en Afrique subsaharienne. L'article
soutient que la plupart des données statistiques officielles sur l'emploi
salarié rural est soit rare, soit non fiable, et discute d'un certain
nombre d'hypothèses et raisons pour ce résultat. Un certain nombre
d'alternatives sont discutées pour pallier aux faiblesses les plus
sérieuses des méthodes conventionnelles de collecte de données ainsi que
pour illustrer leur utilité quant aux résultats sélectionnés et aux thèmes
de recherche émergents ayant tenté de pallier aux lacunes des
enquêtes standards auprès des ménages dans les zones rurales
africaines, afin de saisir la nature et les dynamiques de l'emploi salarié
rural. Mots-clés : marchés du
travail en zone rurale; emploi salarié agricole; méthodologie
d'enquête; Afrique; pauvreté
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 251-273
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.794728
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.794728
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:251-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Claar
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Claar
Author-Name: Andreas Nölke
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Nölke
Title: Deep Integration in north--south relations: compatibility issues between the EU and South Africa
Abstract:
Deep Integration (DI), defined as the abolishment of 'behind
the border' trade restrictions, has been a major focus of activity within
the European Union. More recently, Deep Integration has also been included
in the negotiations of new bilateral and regional trade agreements. This
paper chooses the current EU--South Africa negotiations as a case study
and argues that these tendencies may become a dangerous restriction for
the economic policy space of the South African government. We will discuss
selected issues of Deep Integration projects -- in particular corporate
governance and competition policies -- with a 'comparative capitalism'
framework as the analytical backdrop. [Intégration forte dans
les relations nord-sud: questions de compatibilité entre l'UE et l'Afrique
du Sud.] L'intégration forte, définie comme la suppression des
restrictions commerciales au-delà des frontières, a été un objectif majeur
au sein de l'Union européenne (UE). Plus récemment, l'intégration forte a
également été incluse dans les négociations de nouveaux accords
commerciaux bilatéraux et régionaux. Cet article a choisi les négociations
actuelles entre l'UE et l'Afrique du Sud comme cas d'étude et soutient que
ces tendances pourraient devenir une restriction dangereuse aux marges de
manœuvre du gouvernement sud-africain. Certaines questions relatives
à des projets d'intégration forte seront discutées -- en particulier la
gouvernance des entreprises et les politiques de concurrence -- le cadre
analytique choisi étant le contexte d'un « capitalisme
comparé ». Mots-clés :
intégration forte; capitalisme comparé; relations nord--sud; gouvernance
des entreprises; politique de la concurrence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 274-289
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.794726
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.794726
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:274-289
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: Informalisation and the end of trade unionism as we knew it? Dissenting remarks from a Tanzanian case study
Abstract:
This paper analyses the political organisation by informal
transport workers, and their partial achievements in claiming rights at
work from employers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania's largest city, from 1995
to the present. The paper takes issue with the influential view that, due
to widespread economic informalisation, trade unionism and workplace
labourism are no longer a viable option for defending workers' interests.
From less despondent approaches to the possibilities for labour(ism), it
borrows the insight that making sense of workers' unrest requires a
political economy approach. This entails, first and foremost, locating
workers within their economic structure, and understanding their
relationship to capital. The paper thus starts by sketching out the state
of public transport in Dar es Salaam, the predominant employment
relationship in the sector, and the balance of power between bus owners
and workers. It then analyses workers' organisation since 1997, workers'
strategies to achieve (in conjunction with the Tanzania transport workers
union) the formalisation of the employment relationship with bus owners,
and their progress towards it. The conclusion reflects on the broader
lessons that can be learned from this case study.
[Informalisation et fin du syndicalisme traditionnel? Réflexions
dissidentes à partir d'une étude de cas en Tanzanie.] Cet article analyse
l'organisation politique des travailleurs informels du secteur des
transports, et les résultats de leurs revendications pour faire valoir
leurs droits fondamentaux au travail auprès des employeurs à Dar es
Salaam, première ville de Tanzanie, de 1995 à maintenant. L'article
conteste l'opinion influente selon laquelle, en raison de la
généralisation du travail informel économique, le syndicalisme et le
labourism ou « travaillisme » sur
le poste de travail ne sont plus une option viable pour défendre les
intérêts des travailleurs. À partir d'approches moins
pessimistes sur le potentiel du « travail(lisme) »,
l'article suit l'idée selon laquelle la compréhension des conflits sociaux
nécessite une approche en terme d'économie politique. Ceci implique, avant
toute chose, de placer les travailleurs au sein de leur structure
économique, et comprendre leur relation au capital. L'article commence
donc par esquisser l'état du transport public à Dar es Salaam, les
relations d'emploi prédominantes dans le secteur, et le partage du pouvoir
entre les propriétaires des bus et les travailleurs. L'article analyse
ensuite l'organisation des travailleurs depuis 1997, les stratégies des
travailleurs pour arriver (en conjonction avec le syndicat des
travailleurs du transport de Tanzanie) à la formalisation des relations
d'emploi avec les propriétaires des bus, et les progrès accomplis. La
conclusion se penche sur les leçons plus larges pouvant être tirées
de cette étude de cas. Mots-clés
: syndicats; économie informelle; droits du travail; transport urbain;
gouvernance urbaine; Tanzanie
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 290-308
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.794729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.794729
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:290-308
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Martiniello
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Martiniello
Title: Land dispossession and rural social movements: the 2011 conference in Mali
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 309-320
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797762
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:309-320
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: How unstable is the Horn of Africa?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 321-330
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797760
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797760
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:321-330
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Author-Name: Lars Buur
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Buur
Title: Security beyond the state: private security in international politics
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 331-332
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797763
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797763
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:331-332
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Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Chronique d'une transition and La face cachée de la révolution tunisienne: Islamisme et occident, une alliance à haut risque
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 333-335
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797768
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:333-335
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Author-Name: Philani Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Philani
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Title: Urban appropriation and transformation: bicycle taxi and handcart operators in Mzuzu, Malawi
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 336-338
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797769
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:336-338
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Author-Name: Olabisi Delebayo Akinkugbe
Author-X-Name-First: Olabisi Delebayo
Author-X-Name-Last: Akinkugbe
Title: South--South cooperation: Africa on the centre stage
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 339-340
Issue: 136
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797771
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797771
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:136:p:339-340
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Author-Name: Claire Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: Editorial
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 341-342
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.817085
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.817085
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:341-342
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Baz Lecocq
Author-X-Name-First: Baz
Author-X-Name-Last: Lecocq
Author-Name: Gregory Mann
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory
Author-X-Name-Last: Mann
Author-Name: Bruce Whitehouse
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitehouse
Author-Name: Dida Badi
Author-X-Name-First: Dida
Author-X-Name-Last: Badi
Author-Name: Lotte Pelckmans
Author-X-Name-First: Lotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelckmans
Author-Name: Nadia Belalimat
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Belalimat
Author-Name: Bruce Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Author-Name: Wolfram Lacher
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfram
Author-X-Name-Last: Lacher
Title: One hippopotamus and eight blind analysts: a multivocal analysis of the 2012 political crisis in the divided Republic of Mali
Abstract:
This is an exercise in contemporary history that aims to give
a comprehensive background and analysis to the current (2012) political
crisis in Mali, generated by the start of a new Tuareg nationalist
uprising against the state, complemented by a coordinated attack on the
state by both international (AQIM) and local Jihadi--Salafi movements,
leading to a coup d'état against the incumbent President
Touré, and finallly a political stalemate of great concern to the
international community. By pooling sources and analysis, a group of eight
scholars tries to give a comprehensive overall picture. [Un
hippopotame et huit analystes aveugles : une analyse à plusieurs voix de
la crise politique de 2012 dans la République du Mali divisée.] Cet
exercice d'histoire contemporaine vise à fournir le contexte et une
analyse complète de l'actuelle crise politique au Mali (2012). Initiée par
l'amorce d'un nouveau soulèvement nationaliste touareg, la crise s'est
aggravée suite à l'attaque coordonnée de mouvements salafistes jihadistes
internationaux (Aqmi) et locaux contre l'Etat malien, conduisant à un coup
d'Etat contre le président Touré en exercice, et, finalement, à une
impasse politique inquiétante pour la communauté internationale. Mettant
en commun sources et analyses, un groupe de huit chercheurs tente de
fournir une étude complète de la situation.
Mots-clés : Mali ; Azawad ; Sahel ; djihad ; Touareg ;
rébellion
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 343-357
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.799063
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.799063
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:343-357
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ernest Harsch
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest
Author-X-Name-Last: Harsch
Title: The legacies of Thomas Sankara: a revolutionary experience in retrospect
Abstract:
A quarter century after the 15 October 1987 assassination of
Thomas Sankara in a military coup, the late president of Burkina Faso
remains a near-mythical hero for many young people in his country and
across Africa. They idealise the image of a committed, self-sacrificing
rebel, who during four years as leader of a small, impoverished Sahelian
nation sought to improve the lives of ordinary people while at the same
time projecting the country onto the international arena. Why has popular
interest in Sankara persisted for so long, despite the collapse of his
short-lived revolutionary venture? How is it that each anniversary of his
death draws hundreds, if not thousands, to commemorations at his
gravesite? This article offers some retrospective reflections and
re-examines those features of Sankara's revolutionary era that still
resonate with many citizens today, as well as those that have been left
behind. [Héritage de Thomas Sankara ; retour sur une
expérience révolutionnaire.] Un quart de siècle après l'assassinat de
Thomas Sankara le 15 octobre 1987 lors d'un coup d'état militaire, cet
ancien président du Burkina Faso demeure un héro quasi mythique pour de
nombreux jeunes dans son pays et à travers l'Afrique. Ils idéalisent
l'image d'un rebelle engagé, plein d'abnégation, qui a cherché, pendant
quatre ans à la tête d'une petite nation sahélienne pauvre, à
améliorer le sort de gens ordinaires tout en projetant le pays sur la
scène internationale. Pourquoi l'intérêt populaire pour Sankara
a-t-il perduré si longtemps, malgré l'échec de son entreprise
révolutionnaire de courte durée? Comment se fait-il que chaque
anniversaire de sa mort amène des centaines, voire des milliers de
personnes à venir sur sa tombe en commémoration. Cet article offre des
réflexions rétrospectives et réexamine les caractéristiques de l'ère
révolutionnaire de Sankara qui fait toujours sens pour de nombreux
citoyens, comme pour les laissés pour compte.
Mots-clés : Sankara ; Burkina Faso ; révolution ;
mobilisation ; développement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 358-374
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.816947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.816947
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:358-374
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Daley
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Daley
Title: Rescuing African bodies: celebrities, consumerism and neoliberal humanitarianism
Abstract:
This article examines the role of Western celebrities as part
of new networks in the increasing commodification of humanitarianism in
Africa. It explores the relationship between celebrities as neoliberal
subjectivities and their shaping of ethical consumerism and humanitarian
interventions. Using various case studies (Product RED, 50 Cent's SK
drink, Save Darfur Campaign [United to End Genocide], Kony2012, Raise Hope
for the Congo and the Eastern Congo Initiative), the article considers how
celebrities frame humanitarian crises for public consumption, their link
to accumulation by dispossession, and their impact on African agency and
on international solidarity against corporate exploitation.
[Secourir des corps africains: stars, consumérisme et humanitaire
néolibéral.] Cet article examine le rôle de stars occidentales
membres de nouveaux réseaux dans la marchandisation croissante de
l'humanitaire en Afrique. Il explore les relations entre les stars,
êtres néolibéraux, et leur façon d'élaborer un consumérisme éthique
et des interventions humanitaires. Utilisant diverses études de cas
(Produit rouge Product RED, boisson SK de 50 Cent, campagne pour sauver le
Darfour [unis pour mettre fin au génocide], Kony2012, Espoir pour le Congo
et l'Initiative pour l'est du Congo), l'article étudie comment les stars
formatent les crises humanitaires pour la consommation du public, leur
lien à l'accumulation par dépossession et leur impact sur l'agence
africaine et la solidarité internationale contre l'exploitation
commerciale. Mots-clés: stars ;
humanitaire ; Kony2012 ; marchandisation ; consumérisme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 375-393
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.816944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.816944
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:375-393
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paris Yeros
Author-X-Name-First: Paris
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeros
Title: The rise and fall of trade unionism in Zimbabwe, Part II: 1995--2000
Abstract:
This article is the second of a two-part study on the
evolution of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) in the 1990s.
This second part covers the period 1995--2000, when the labour centre
adopted a 'social democratic' ideology and a strategy of negotiation. This
lasted until 1997, when the labour centre resolved to challenge the ruling
party's hold on power. The article argues that the labour centre
increasingly narrowed its democratisation critique to 'regime change',
through which it gained a broad array of new allies, but which also
terminally weakened its organic basis in the working class.
[L'ascension et la chute du syndicalisme au Zimbabwe, 2e partie:
1995--2000]. Cet article est le second d'une étude en deux parties sur
l'évolution du Congrès des syndicats du Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe Congress of
Trade Unions, ZCTU) dans les années 90. Cette seconde partie couvre la
période 1995--2000, durant laquelle le syndicat adopta une idéologie
'social démocrate' et une stratégie de négociation. Cela dura jusqu'en
1997, lorsqu'il décida de défier la mainmise du parti en place sur le
pouvoir. Cet article soutient que le syndicat a peu à peu restreint sa
critique de la démocratisation au 'changement de régime', évolution qui
lui a rapporté tout un éventail de nouveaux alliés, mais qui a aussi, au
final, affaibli sa base dans la classe ouvrière.
Mots-clés : Afrique ; Zimbabwe ; relations de travail ;
syndicalisme ; démocratisation ; développement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 394-409
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.816943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.816943
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:394-409
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph A. Yaro
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Yaro
Title: Neoliberal globalisation and evolving local traditional institutions: implications for access to resources in rural northern Ghana
Abstract:
The world has become interconnected and interdependent well
beyond the economic domains of life and this has consequences for the role
of major institutions governing access to resources in rural Africa.
Neoliberal globalisation is eroding the moral foundation of rural
societies in ways that create unequal access to the resources needed for
involvement and inclusion in the market relations of production and social
reproduction. Using the case of rural northern Ghana, this article shows
how the transformation of local traditional governance and institutions
led to processes of accumulation for a few privileged ones while the
majority are excluded through dispossession. [Mondialisation
néolibérale et évolution d'institutions traditionnelles locales: impacts
pour l'accès aux ressources dans le nord Ghana rural.] Le monde est devenu
interconnecté et interdépendant, bien au-delà des questions économiques et
cela a des conséquences pour le rôle d'institutions majeures qui
gèrent l'accès aux ressources dans l'Afrique rurale. La mondialisation
néolibérale érode les fondations morales des sociétés rurales à tel point
qu'elle génère des inégalités dans l'accès aux ressources nécessaires pour
l'inclusion au marché de la production et de la reproduction sociale. En
travaillant sur le cas du nord Ghana rural, cet article montre comment la
transformation des modes de gouvernance et institutions locales
traditionnelles a conduit à des processus d'accumulation réservés à
quelques rares privilégiés tandis que la majorité était spoliée et victime
d'exclusion. Mots-clés :
mondialisation néolibérale ; tradition ; institutions locales ; Ghana
rural
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 410-427
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.816945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.816945
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:410-427
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Godwin Onuoha
Author-X-Name-First: Godwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Onuoha
Title: Cultural interfaces of self-determination and the rise of the neo-Biafran movement in Nigeria
Abstract:
This article examines the 'cultural repertoires' of
neo-Biafran separatist Igbo groups in south-eastern Nigeria, pointing to
the ways in which cultural repertoires, narratives and emblems are
deployed to forge a separatist ethno-political project in a multi-ethnic
state. The neo-Biafran movement reveals the robustness of political
resistance and the existence of multiple frameworks through which
ethno-nationalist groups resist and challenge extant power structures of
the state in the quest for self-determination. The article argues that
ethnic groups have the capacity to initiate their own 'cultural
repertoires' in order to construct group identity, identify forms of
external identity (the 'other') and shore up the boundaries of their own
collective group identity. Myths of origin, narratives of the past, images
and symbols are rooted in certain cultural repertoires, and are
elaborated, interpreted, invented and reinvented to produce political
identities that are complex and fluid in the struggle for political power.
[Interfaces culturelles d'autodétermination et montée du
mouvement néo-biafrais au Nigeria.] Cet article examine les «
répertoires culturels » des groupes igbo séparatistes du néo-Biafra
au sud-est du Nigeria, désignant les façons dont les répertoires
culturels, récits et symboles sont développés pour forger un projet
séparatiste ethno-politique dans un É;tat multiethnique. Le
mouvement néo-biafrais prouve la robustesse de la résistance politique et
l'existence de multiples cadres au travers desquels les groupes
ethno-nationalistes résistent et défient les structures de pouvoir
existantes en quête d'auto-détermination. L'article affirme que les
groupes ethniques ont la capacité d'initier leurs propres «
répertoires culturels » afin de construire une identité de groupe,
identifier des formes d'identité extérieure (« l'autre ») et
construire les frontières de leur propre identité collective. Mythe des
origines, récits du passé, images et symboles sont ancrés dans des
répertoires culturels propres et sont élaborés, interprétés, inventés et
réinventés pour produire des identités politiques qui sont complexes et
fluides dans la lutte pour le pouvoir politique.
Mots-clés : culture ; politique ; auto-détermination ;
identité ethnique ; Igbo ; Nigeria
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 428-446
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.816948
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.816948
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:428-446
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Egiegba Agbiboa
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Egiegba
Author-X-Name-Last: Agbiboa
Title: Have we heard the last? Oil, environmental insecurity, and the impact of the amnesty programme on the Niger Delta resistance movement
Abstract:
The paper draws on the theories of relative deprivation (RD)
and Edward Azar's protracted social conflicts (PSC) to explain how the
twin woes of oil and environmental insecurity are implicated in the Niger
Delta conflict. The paper presents a new empirical angle on the existing
Niger Delta narrative by assessing the impact of the 2009 amnesty
programme on resistance movements in the oil-rich region, while focusing
on the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND). The paper
argues that the amnesty programme stops short of addressing underlying
issues that continue to nurture sustained grievances in the Niger Delta.
[Avons-nous entendu la dernière? Pétrole, insécurité
environnementale et impact du programme d'amnistie du Mouvement de
résistance du delta du Niger.] Ce document s'appuie sur la théorie de la
privation relative et celle des conflits sociaux prolongés d'Edward Azar
pour expliquer comment la double malédiction du pétrole et de l'insécurité
environnementale est impliquée dans le conflit du delta du Niger.
L'article présente un nouveau point de vue empirique sur l'histoire
actuelle du delta du Niger en évaluant l'impact du programme d'amnistie
des mouvements de résistance de 2009 dans cette région riche en pétrole,
tout en se concentrant sur le Mouvement pour l'émancipation du delta du
Niger. L'article affirme que le programme d'amnistie n'aborde pas les
problèmes sous-jacents qui continuent d'alimenter les conflits dans le
delta du Niger. Mots-clés : Delta
du Niger ; Programme Amnesty ; insécurité environnementale ; MEND
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 447-465
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.816946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.816946
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:447-465
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin
Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng-Odoom
Title: Do African cities have markets for plastics or plastics for markets?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 466-474
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.817087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.817087
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:466-474
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Kelly
Author-X-Name-First: Bob
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly
Author-Name: R. B. Bening
Author-X-Name-First: R. B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bening
Title: The Ghanaian elections of 2012
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 475-484
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.817089
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.817089
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:475-484
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Loxley
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Loxley
Title: Are public--private partnerships (PPPs) the answer to Africa's infrastructure needs?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 485-495
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.817091
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.817091
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:485-495
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Abrahamsen
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahamsen
Title: Domesticating vigilantism in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 496-497
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.820520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.820520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:496-497
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: War and the crisis of youth in Sierra Leone
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 498-500
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.820521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.820521
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:498-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ismail Lagardien
Author-X-Name-First: Ismail
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagardien
Title: The political economy of pharmaceutical patents: sectional interests and the African group at the WTO
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 501-502
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.820522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.820522
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:501-502
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel R. Mekonnen
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mekonnen
Title: Biopolitics, militarism and development: Eritrea in the twenty-first century
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 503-505
Issue: 137
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.820523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.820523
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:137:p:503-505
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Pons-Vignon
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons-Vignon
Author-Name: Aurelia Segatti
Author-X-Name-First: Aurelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Segatti
Title: 'The art of neoliberalism': accumulation, institutional change and social order since the end of apartheid
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 507-518
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.859449
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.859449
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:507-518
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Freund
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Title: Swimming against the tide: the Macro-Economic Research Group in the South African transition 1991--94
Abstract:
This article focuses on the establishment
and disowning of the Macro-Economic Research Group (MERG) by the African
National Congress in the lead-up to the formation of the democratic
dispensation of 1994 and the first elections, overwhelmingly won by the
African National Congress (ANC), which still forms the national government
of South Africa. Considerable emphasis is placed on the politics of the
ANC and to a lesser extent the general situation of the South African
economy rather than by dissecting economic debates alone. MERG was a
relatively lone substantial voice calling for real structural and
institutional changes in the economy, ultimately rejected by the ANC at
the behest of business. Two decades after the end of apartheid, it has
become a hallmark of liberal criticism of the government to denounce it as
following the worked-out agenda of a radical agenda underlying the
anti-apartheid rhetoric while the African National Congress clothes itself
in the liberation language of the Freedom Charter and sometimes even the
supposed first-stage National Democratic Revolution that will precede
socialism reflecting the discourse of the South African Communist Party.
The following discussion aims to clarify what actually happened in terms
of macro-economic policy debates in the transitional years 1990--94 and
the consequences.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 519-536
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.854038
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.854038
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:519-536
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aurelia Segatti
Author-X-Name-First: Aurelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Segatti
Author-Name: Nicolas Pons-Vignon
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons-Vignon
Title: Stuck in stabilisation? South Africa's post-apartheid macro-economic policy between ideological conversion and technocratic capture
Abstract:
This article explores post-apartheid South
Africa's commitment to macro-economic orthodoxy. Its key argument is that
South Africa offers an exemplary case of neoliberal deepening which has
entailed three interconnected processes: ideological conversion, a stated
focus on poverty and development covering a deep commitment to orthodox
macro policies, entailing institutions and a set of practices, and a
far-reaching state restructuring involving the emergence and consolidation
of a hegemonic treasury. Drawing on an analysis of grey literature, policy
documents and a series of interviews with policy-makers, the article first
discusses neoliberalism in South Africa, focusing on the 'conversion' of
key ANC leaders to neoclassical economic orthodoxy. It then turns to the
central, yet under-researched, instrument of neoliberal deepening: the
emergence and consolidation of a dominant national treasury with the
ability to shape policy-making across all areas of state intervention. The
article closes on a call to envisage concurrently ideological conversion
and state formation to understand the dynamics of neoliberalism, and its
paradoxical resilience in the South Africa case.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 537-555
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.858430
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.858430
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:537-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gertrude Makhaya
Author-X-Name-First: Gertrude
Author-X-Name-Last: Makhaya
Author-Name: Simon Roberts
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts
Title: Expectations and outcomes: considering competition and corporate power in South Africa under democracy
Abstract:
Competition law was viewed as a key
instrument under democracy to address entrenched corporate power, in the
context of liberalisation. This article examines South Africa's
competition law regime and the changing strategies of large firms through
three industry case studies. In the industry studies we assess, first, how
corporate strategies have evolved to protect market power and the rents
derived from this power and, second, how the competition regime has
affected economic power and its exercise. We reflect on the overall record
of the competition authorities in light of the outcomes observed.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 556-571
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.854034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.854034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:556-571
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Firoz Khan
Author-X-Name-First: Firoz
Author-X-Name-Last: Khan
Title: Poverty, grants, revolution and 'real Utopias': society must be defended by any and all means necessary!
Abstract:
The South African social security system
is globally lauded for pioneering new conceptions of society and social
assistance, and is celebrated as offering the world an alternative to
mainstream social policy. What then accounts for better outcomes in
poverty and inequality reduction in countries with similar social security
systems? The paper locates the 'diminishing progressivity' of the South
African system in the interlocking dynamics of structural violence,
structural exclusion, racialised nationalism, financialisation and the
subversion of democracy. The massive rebellion in the streets against the
rule of rich and property is a reflection of the poor losing hope and
patience.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 572-588
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.854035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.854035
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:572-588
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karl von Holdt
Author-X-Name-First: Karl
Author-X-Name-Last: von Holdt
Title: South Africa: the transition to violent democracy
Abstract:
South Africa is torn between the
persistence of an exclusionary socioeconomic structure marked by deep
poverty and extreme inequality on the one hand, and on the other the
symbolic and institutional rupture presented by the transition to
democracy. This relationship produces a highly unstable social order in
which intra-elite conflict and violence are growing, characterised by new
forms of violence and the reproduction of older patterns of violence, a
social order that can be characterised as violent
democracy. I analyse three different forms of such violence --
the struggle for control of the state institutions of coercion,
assassination, and the mobilisation of collective violence. The prevailing
forms of politics may shift quite easily between authoritarianism,
clientelism and populism, and indeed exhibit elements of all three at the
same time. Violent practices accompany each of these political forms, as
violence remains a critical resource in a struggle for ascendancy which
democratic institutions are unable to regulate.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 589-604
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.854040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.854040
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:589-604
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Title: Marikana, turning point in South African history
Abstract:
Equating a 'turning point' with what
William Sewell terms an 'event', it is argued that Marikana is a turning
point in South African history. The massacre was a
rupture that led to a sequence of
further occurrences, notably a massive wave of strikes,
which are changing structures that shape people's lives.
We have not yet reached the end of this chain of occurrences, and the
scale of the turning point remains uncertain. In common with other
events, Marikana has revealed structures unseen in normal
times, providing an exceptional vantage point, allowing
space for collective creativity, and enabling actors to envisage
alternative futures.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 605-619
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.860893
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.860893
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:605-619
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raphaël Botiveau
Author-X-Name-First: Raphaël
Author-X-Name-Last: Botiveau
Title: Longevity of the Tripartite Alliance: the post-Mangaung sequence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 620-627
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.854042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.854042
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:620-627
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miriam Di Paola
Author-X-Name-First: Miriam
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Paola
Author-Name: Nicolas Pons-Vignon
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons-Vignon
Title: Labour market restructuring in South Africa: low wages, high insecurity
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 628-638
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.858432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.858432
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:628-638
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Author-Name: Crispen Chinguno
Author-X-Name-First: Crispen
Author-X-Name-Last: Chinguno
Title: Marikana: fragmentation, precariousness, strike violence and solidarity
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 639-646
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.854062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.854062
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:639-646
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hironori Onuki
Author-X-Name-First: Hironori
Author-X-Name-Last: Onuki
Title: Epistemologies of African conflicts: violence, evolutionism, and the war in Sierra Leone
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 647-648
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.852711
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.852711
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:647-648
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tapiwa Chagonda
Author-X-Name-First: Tapiwa
Author-X-Name-Last: Chagonda
Title: Violence in a time of liberation: murder and ethnicity at a South African gold mine, 1994
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 649-650
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.852714
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.852714
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:649-650
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Suret-Canale de la résistance à l'anticolonialisme
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 651-652
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.852715
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.852715
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:651-652
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Markakis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Markakis
Title: The fate of Sudan: the origins and consequences of a flawed peace process
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 653-654
Issue: 138
Volume: 40
Year: 2013
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.797766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.797766
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:40:y:2013:i:138:p:653-654
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: Não vamos esquecer (We will not forget)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-11
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.885486
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.885486
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Author-Name: Vanessa Rockel
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rockel
Author-Name: Matt Mahon
Author-X-Name-First: Matt
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahon
Title: The Ruth First Papers Project: digitising the Ruth First archive
Abstract:
Soon after Ruth First was murdered in 1982 an appeal went out for funds to
create a Trust in Ruth's name. In the 1980s the Trust found a home for
Ruth's papers and documents at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies
(ICwS) in London under Shula Marks' directorship. The hope was that the
archive would be part of a centre that would study southern African
liberation, continuing work that had been brutally cut short by Ruth's
murder in Maputo. In 2012 the ICwS launched the Ruth First Papers Project,
which aims to digitise the archive of Ruth's papers. A dedicated website
was established where the first selection of documents has been made
available for anyone (anywhere) to consult. In this brief introduction,
Rockel and Mahon - researchers on the project - describe the process of
selecting documents for digitisation and the experience of encountering
Ruth in the archives.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 12-17
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878073
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878073
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:12-17
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Ruth First: the analysis and practice of politics in South Africa
Abstract:
This is the text prepared for a lecture given to the Walter Rodney
Memorial Series, African Studies Centre, Boston University, 8 November
1982, in tribute to Ruth First. It discusses her writing on South Africa
and Namibia in the context of her political commitments and ultimately her
assassination. It considers the forms and themes of her writing; her role
as communist and journalist; the Congress Alliance; nationalism, socialism
and the Freedom Charter; capital and labour; the treason trial to the
sabotage campaign; Namibia; peasants and politics; detention without
trial; exile and solidarity; historical interpretation and revolutionary
strategy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 18-37
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878074
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:18-37
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Darch
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Darch
Title: Remembering Ruth First at the CEA
Abstract:
Ruth changed in Mozambique; she softened. I think she belonged in
Mozambique in a way that she never belonged to England. It was her home,
and she meant something to that society. (Gillian Slovo, interview,
1989)This article traces the evolution of research at the Centro de
Estudos Africanos (CEA) from before the time of Ruth First's arrival. It
divides her work there into two periods: the work on the Mozambican Miner,
in which she was heavily involved personally, and the later period when
she was much more involved in recruiting permanent staff and in creating
conditions for successful research, including building up the
Documentation Centre within the CEA. This objective included work on
maintaining the administrative independence of the CEA within the
university to ensure flexibility in responding to rapidly changing
research conditions. Research was not simply determined by political
priorities, although it engaged with them. The evolution of the key
Development Course is also traced, and the work of the Oficina de Historia
(History Workshop) is briefly described.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 38-43
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878075
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878075
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:38-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bridget O'Laughlin
Author-X-Name-First: Bridget
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Laughlin
Title: Ruth First: a revolutionary life in revolutionary times
Abstract:
Writing about the life of Olive Schreiner, Ruth First hoped that biography
could capture the dilemmas of a white South African woman and writer at
the turn of the twentieth century, caught in a world that made her, but in
which she could not bear to live as it was. Ruth First too struggled her
entire life against the injustices of race and class in southern Africa,
but she did so with a confidence, joy and energy that Schreiner never
achieved. Written on the basis of conversations with Ruth First in
Mozambique in the last period of her life, this paper explores the
possibilities and dilemmas posed by her commitment to a disciplined
collective revolutionary project embedded in strong nationalist movements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 44-59
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878076
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:44-59
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Wuyts
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuyts
Title: Ruth First and the Mozambican miner
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 60-83
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878077
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878077
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:60-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alpheus Manghezi
Author-X-Name-First: Alpheus
Author-X-Name-Last: Manghezi
Title: Remembering Ruth: the voice, the face, the work and the silence
Abstract:
This article begins by evoking Ruth First's influence on South Africa, and
later in Mozambique, in compelling personal terms. Ruth First was an
important commentator on the Alexandra Bus Boycott of 1957, in which the
author participated. Some 20 years later, the author was recruited by
First to the CEA, where he worked with Ruth First and others on labour
migration, forced labour and on the newly established communal villages
and agricultural producer cooperatives. First, although heavily involved
in administration, nevertheless managed to find time for fieldwork of this
kind. The author contributed to ongoing fieldwork at the CEA, and his
results were fed into the teaching through his contribution of interviews,
work songs and other material for the Mozambican Miner, later published as
Black Gold. Examples are given of the directness of Ruth's criticisms, and
of her sympathy for ordinary Mozambicans. The article concludes with
recollections of responses made to the author on Ruth's death.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 84-96
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878078
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:84-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Don Pinnock
Author-X-Name-First: Don
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinnock
Title: Building an alternative consensus for political action: Ruth First as journalist and activist
Abstract:
Ruth First's early work as a journalist and political activist in South
Africa became an inspiration for later generations of journalists and
political writers. Here Don Pinnock, himself a journalist by trade,
recounts how he rediscovered her writing of the 1950s in a new phase of
political questioning and revolutionary activity in the 1980s. He
pinpoints her talent as a reporter of events and conditions of the times
to create an alternative consensus about race and class in South Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 97-104
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878079
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878079
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:97-104
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Maria Gentili
Author-X-Name-First: Anna Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Gentili
Title: Ruth First: internationalist activist, researcher and teacher: the long road to Mozambique
Abstract:
I was in prison when Ruth First was assassinated, felt almost alone. Lost
a sister in arms ... It is no consolation to know that she lives beyond
her grave. (Mandela 2010, 333)This article analyses the contribution of
Ruth First to the knowledge of struggles in South Africa and in Africa as
a whole. First was inspired by her experience as a militant researcher in
South Africa, by her editing of Govan Mbeki's work on Transkei and by her
experiences in the UK. This contribution makes a significant examination
of First's interest in and engagement with the broadly defined left of
Italian politics, encompassing her work for the Lelio Basso Foundation,
including its work on violations of the UN Charter. It also discusses
First's wide-ranging and diverse analyses of Africa. It concludes with a
discussion of First's work at the Centro de Estudos Africanos, and the
development of the close interrelation between teaching and research
developed there, which was politically engaged in a critical but dynamic
way.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 105-119
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878081
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878081
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:105-119
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: 'More comfortably without her?': Ruth First as writer and activist
Abstract:
This article draws on a speech made at the Ruth First Symposium in London
in June 2012. It describes Ruth First's role as a writer, political
organiser and mobiliser of the freedom struggle within and without South
Africa, drawing attention to her intellectual contribution and
underscoring the importance of her Maputo years, with their broader
significance. It discusses the personal tensions that many had with her,
but points out that there was always a political issue at stake in these
disagreements. It stresses her role as a scholar-activist, and following
Brecht suggests that her assassination was an attempt by the assassins to
'sleep more comfortably'. It then draws powerfully on a letter from Rusty
Bernstein to pose the question of what First would have made of the
contemporary situation in South Africa, where the 'Empire of Capital' is
still dominant.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 120-124
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878082
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878082
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:120-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Harlow
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Harlow
Title: 'Today is human rights day': Ruth First, human rights and the United Nations
Abstract:
It is not well known that Ruth First found an opening to debates on the
world stage by working as a consultant for the United Nations whilst she
was still in South Africa and whilst in exile. The author describes the
projects she was engaged on and her motivation in this work. She links
Ruth's participation to the emergence of human rights discourse, seen as a
means to condemn apartheid in South Africa, whilst also regarded
sceptically.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 125-133
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878084
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878084
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:125-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: From exile to the thick of the struggle: Ruth First and the problems of national liberation, international sanctions and revolutionary agency
Abstract:
Much of Ruth First's work examined the projects for radical transformation
of Africa's political economy. She was aware of the failures of
independence, writing in 1970 that decolonisation had been little more
than 'a bargaining process with cooperative African elites'. But she
remained an enthusiastic advocate of some of these 'projects' on the
continent. In 1977 she moved to Maputo to contribute to the socialist
transformation of the country. This paper looks at First's contribution to
the critical appraisal of independence in Africa and her own commitment to
the transition to socialism in Mozambique. In this commitment are many of
First's greatest strengths, but also some limitations and contradictions.
The paper also presents a biographical account of Ruth First's astute
enquiries into the development of capitalism in Southern Africa and the
two-stage theory of revolution.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 134-152
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.878085
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.878085
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:134-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Darch
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Darch
Title: The hidden thread: Russia and South Africa in the Soviet era
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 153-156
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.877180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.877180
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:153-156
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Liberation movements in power: party and state in southern Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 157-159
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.877181
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.877181
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:157-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: Ruth First and Joe Slovo in the war against apartheid
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 160-165
Issue: 139
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.883095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.883095
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:139:p:160-165
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Understanding people and power in African political economy
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 167-171
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.873161
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.873161
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:167-171
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Biko Agozino
Author-X-Name-First: Biko
Author-X-Name-Last: Agozino
Title: The Africana paradigm in Capital: the debts of Karl Marx to people of African descent
Abstract:
This article will attempt an original interpretation of
Capital (Marx, K. 1867. Capital: A Critique of
Political Economy, Vol. 1. Marx/Engels Internet Archive, 1995,
1999. (http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx) and other major works of Karl
Marx to demonstrate that people of African descent are central to the
discourse of Marx, contrary to widespread misconceptions by critics who
attribute a Eurocentric orientation to Marx because of the accident of his
birth in Europe and by allies because of his scholarly activism in
European working-class politics. The paper argues that the earlier work of
Marx and Engels ([1847] 1969. The Manifesto of the Communist Party
in Marx/Engels Selected Works, Vol. One, pp. 98-137. Moscow:
Progress Publishers), especially the Manifesto of the Communist
Party, may have misled critics into believing that the history of
all hitherto existing society alluded to by Marx and Engels was
exclusively European history. On the contrary, there are hundreds of
references to the 'Negro' in Capital, not as part of a
peripheral or superficial concern relating to the issue of class
exploitation in Europe, but as a foundational model for explaining and
predicting the ending of the exploitation of the working class globally.
The paper concludes that this reading adds credence to Africana Studies
paradigms that privilege critical, Africa-centred scholar-activism as an
important contribution to original theoretical, methodological and policy
innovations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 172-184
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.872613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.872613
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:172-184
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julia Jänis
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Jänis
Title: Political economy of the Namibian tourism sector: addressing post-apartheid inequality through increasing indigenous ownership
Abstract:
Tourism is regarded as one of Namibia's key economic sectors that can
diversify the economy and create employment, but due to the apartheid
legacy the sector is highly dominated by the white minority. Current
efforts to increase the share of indigenous ownership include Black
Economic Empowerment (BEE) and Community-Based Tourism (CBT). This article
analyses the challenges involved in promoting BEE and CBT through research
material gathered in 16 Namibian tourism enterprises. The challenges are
related to the prevailing inequality and racial prejudices in Namibia, and
to the nature of tourism as an economic sector that requires special
skills and experience.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 185-200
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.872614
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.872614
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:185-200
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Richardson-Ngwenya
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson-Ngwenya
Author-Name: Ben Richardson
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson
Title: Aid for Trade and African agriculture: the bittersweet case of Swazi sugar
Abstract:
In 2006, the European Union reformed its sugar regime, reducing the price
for sugar by 36%. To cushion the impact on traditional overseas suppliers,
an 'Aid for Trade' programme called the Accompanying Measures for Sugar
Protocol countries (AMSP) was implemented. This paper explores the impacts
of the AMSP in Swaziland. The authors discuss emergent agrarian class
differentiation and argue that the benefits experienced by farmers are
jeopardised by ongoing processes of liberalisation. The paper concludes by
suggesting that donors must consider market stabilisation and corporate
regulation if they are to make 'Aid for Trade' work for the poor.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 201-215
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.872616
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.872616
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:201-215
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol Hunsberger
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunsberger
Title: Jatropha as a biofuel crop and the economy of appearances: experiences from Kenya
Abstract:
Jatropha curcas, an oilseed shrub, raised hopes that it
could produce biofuel in a 'sustainable' manner, though early results fell
short of these expectations. Drawing on field research from 2009, this
paper examines the political economy of jatropha in Kenya using Tsing's
'economy of appearances' concept. Tsing's observation that start-up
enterprises perpetuate 'myth' and 'spectacle' to build momentum fits
patterns observed in this case. Jatropha's promoters reinforced an
optimistic discourse, defended it against dissent and linked jatropha to
global, national and local goals. However, the emergence of stronger
critiques raises questions about how long its positive appearances can be
maintained.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 216-231
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.831753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.831753
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:216-231
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marion Dixon
Author-X-Name-First: Marion
Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon
Title: The land grab, finance capital, and food regime restructuring: the case of Egypt
Abstract:
The role of Egyptian finance capital in acquiring (and attempting to
acquire) agricultural land in southern neighbouring countries since the
2007-2008 food-fuel-financial crisis represents in part the southward
expansion of the frontier in Egypt, or new socio-ecological spaces for
heightened capital accumulation. This expansion, heralded by processes of
financialisation, is the latest wave of corporate consolidation of the
country's agri-food system. This paper offers an historical analysis of
frontier making in modern-day Egypt and how it has been shaped by
relations between Egypt and Sudan within a restructuring hegemonic state
system, from the nineteenth century to present-day revolutionary times.
Then, a case study of one Egyptian financial firm, Citadel Capital, is
detailed to demonstrate that the 'global land grab' reflects food regime
restructuring with the end of cheap food and oil - and greater food
insecurity and political instability in Egypt and in southern neighbouring
countries.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 232-248
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.831342
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.831342
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:232-248
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cyril Obi
Author-X-Name-First: Cyril
Author-X-Name-Last: Obi
Title: Oil and the Post-Amnesty Programme (PAP): what prospects for sustainable development and peace in the Niger Delta?
Abstract:
This article explores the Post-Amnesty Programme (PAP), launched in 2009
following the decision of some insurgent militia leaders in the Niger
Delta to 'drop their weapons in exchange for peace' with Nigeria's federal
government. It addresses the following questions: how has the PAP been
shaped by the politics of the Nigerian state, and elite and transnational
oil interests? Is the trade-off between peace and justice sustainable when
such peace fails to address the roots of the grievances? The article
argues that the PAP is an unsustainable state-imposed peacebuilding
project to preserve the conditions for oil extraction by local, national
and global actors.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 249-263
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.872615
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.872615
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:249-263
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James T. Murphy
Author-X-Name-First: James T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy
Author-Name: Pádraig Carmody
Author-X-Name-First: Pádraig
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody
Author-Name: Björn Surborg
Author-X-Name-First: Björn
Author-X-Name-Last: Surborg
Title: Industrial transformation or business as usual? Information and communication technologies and Africa's place in the global information economy
Abstract:
Many view information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as mobile
phones, computers and the Internet as tools that can significantly
strengthen the quality and depth of Africa's engagement with the world
economy. This paper interrogates the impacts of Africa's burgeoning ICT
'revolution' through an examination of their use among small, medium and
micro-scale enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa's and Tanzania's wood
products and tourism sectors. The findings reveal that while new ICTs are
being adopted rapidly, they are generally used for communication purposes,
not deeper forms of information processing and management. This
'thintegration', while positive in many ways, has done little to stop a
trend towards the devaluation of the goods and services provided by the
SMMEs surveyed here. Moreover, ICTs are enabling new forms of outside
intervention and intermediation into African markets, often further
marginalising local firms and industries. The article details these
outcomes and demonstrates why 'thicker' and more transformative kinds of
ICT integration will remain elusive in the absence of changes to
non-ICT-specific structures and power relations that limit Africa's
ability to participate in the global information economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 264-283
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.873024
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.873024
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:264-283
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Issa G. Shivji
Author-X-Name-First: Issa G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shivji
Title: Lionel Cliffe, 1936-2013: a comradely scholar in Nyerere's nationalist Tanzania
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 284-287
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.873162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.873162
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:284-287
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Lionel Cliffe, 1936-2013
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 288-291
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.883110
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.883110
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:288-291
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Freund
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Title: The shadow of Nelson Mandela, 1918-2013
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 292-296
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.883111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.883111
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:292-296
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Beresford
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Beresford
Title: Nelson Mandela and the politics of South Africa's unfinished liberation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 297-305
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.883114
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.883114
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:297-305
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gundula Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Gundula
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Title: Transformation or end of Tanzanian trade unions? A comment on Matteo Rizzo's dissenting remarks
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 306-310
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.876983
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.876983
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:306-310
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: A response to Gundula Fischer's comment
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 311-315
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.882815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.882815
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:311-315
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammed Hussein Sharfi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Hussein
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharfi
Title: The dynamics of the loss of oil revenues in the economy of North Sudan
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 316-322
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.876982
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.876982
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:316-322
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Zuma: party leadership as electoral liability
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 323-331
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.911467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.911467
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:323-331
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Colin Stoneman
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoneman
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: ROAPE's Africa Research Fund: a report
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 332-333
Issue: 140
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.873025
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.873025
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:140:p:332-333
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Author-Name: Gary Littlejohn
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlejohn
Title: On ROAPE, historical (dis)continuities and textual activism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-340
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.915472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.915472
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:335-340
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Emerging powers, state capitalism and the oil sector in Africa
Abstract:
The global development landscape is rapidly changing with the acceleration
of the economies of emerging countries and this has important implications
for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Notably, these emerging partners share a
broad comparative advantage in their outward engagement. They are able to
access large pools of finance and capital reserves and they also uphold a
version of the Developmental State Model that encourages a statist
approach to business. This state capitalism is increasingly coming to the
fore, particularly in the aftermath of the global financial crisis and the
evident intellectual collapse of neoliberalism as a sustainable economic
model.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 341-357
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2013.864630
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2013.864630
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:341-357
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Virgil Hoehne
Author-X-Name-First: Markus Virgil
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoehne
Title: Resource conflict and militant Islamism in the Golis Mountains in northern Somalia (2006-2013)
Abstract:
The conflict around Galgala, a small town in the Golis Mountains west of
Bosaso in northern Somalia, poses the government of Puntland against clan
militias and militant Islamists. The conflict was originally over natural
resources, but soon turned into a conflict related to the 'global war on
terrorism'. It is additionally complicated due to its location in the
contested borderlands between Somaliland and Puntland. The article
analyses the effects of these dynamics on the local population and, more
generally, on stability and peace in the region. It argues that
sustainable solutions to the ongoing conflict can only be found if one
takes into account the legitimate claims of the Warsangeli, the clan to
which the local mountain dwellers belong, regarding the protection of
their land and their resources. The anti-terrorism discourse that is
currently foregrounded, mainly by the government of Puntland and its
allies including the USA, is likely to inhibit the understanding of issues
at stake.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 358-373
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.901945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.901945
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:358-373
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Gabay
Author-X-Name-First: Clive
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabay
Title: Two 'transitions': the political economy of Joyce Banda's rise to power and the related role of civil society organisations in Malawi
Abstract:
When Joyce Banda became Malawi's president in 2012, she was welcomed by
the international community as an antidote to the increasingly erratic and
autocratic behaviour of her unexpectedly deceased predecessor Bingu wa
Mutharika. Banda appeared to be the product of the twin drivers of a
'rising' Africa; namely a newly empowered donor-supported civil society on
the one hand, and a Western-oriented political elite committed to
transparency and good governance on the other. Based on several field
trips to Malawi over the past five years, this article seeks to
problematise the degree to which Joyce Banda and Malawi's civil society
organisations represented a double transition from the more patrimonial
form of politics which had dominated the political and civil society
sectors throughout Malawi's postcolonial era. Although prepared prior to
recent corruption scandals which have engulfed the Banda government in the
run-up to elections in May 2014, this article sets the context for
understanding these cases as a product of Malawi's political economy and
uneven insertion into the global economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 374-388
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.901949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.901949
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:374-388
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol B. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Philanthrocapitalism: appropriation of Africa's genetic wealth
Abstract:
Although debates about the Gates Foundation's Alliance for a Green
Revolution in Africa (AGRA) continue with the serious criticisms that it
will transform Africa's farming systems into monoculture and that it is
trying to link African food production to the global 'food value chain',
this paper focuses on more fundamental goals of AGRA: to access and
privatise Africa's genetic wealth. Employing the theory of accumulation by
dispossession explains why AGRA is appropriating African
genetic wealth and the theory of philanthrocapitalism explains
how that appropriation is occurring. This study employs
philanthrocapitalism to show that the multiple acts of genetic resource
expropriation are neither disparate nor unconnected, but rather, reflect a
systemic change of replacing public agricultural sectors with private
business practices and control.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 389-405
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.901946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.901946
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:389-405
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Festus Boamah
Author-X-Name-First: Festus
Author-X-Name-Last: Boamah
Title: How and why chiefs formalise land use in recent times: the politics of land dispossession through biofuels investments in Ghana
Abstract:
In the current land deals debate, land dispossession is often attributed
to exploitative acts of agricultural investors. However, the role of
equally active actors in the making of land deals such as chiefs, who
customarily are custodians of land, does not feature prominently in the
debate. The paper shows that the recent surge in large-scale land deals in
Ghana corresponds with chiefs' pre-existing motivation to re-establish
authority over land for two reasons: firstly, to formalise the use of
'stool land' to create rural development opportunities; secondly, to
formalise boundaries of 'stool land' to avert potential future land
litigations. Social groups lacking recognition from chiefs therefore often
lose land, whereas land areas of those persons recognised by chiefs are
protected, sometimes even regardless of their 'citizenship' identity in
project villages. The author argues that an understanding of how local
social institutions and politics mediate investment in land will enrich
analyses of processes of land dispossession.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 406-423
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.901947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.901947
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:406-423
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth David James
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth David
Author-X-Name-Last: James
Title: Zimbabwe's 'new' smallholders: who got land and where did they come from?
Abstract:
In March 2000, land occupations in Zimbabwe intensified, forcing the
government to implement the Fast Track Land Reform Programme, which
significantly altered the agrarian structure of the country. Ever since,
there have been widespread misconceptions about the nature and character
of the land occupations and the identities of new land beneficiaries.
Using survey data and in-depth interviews from 166 newly resettled
households, this article shows the majority were 'ordinary' poor and
near-landless people from communal and other rural areas. While there is
some significant variation within and between new communities, they are
far from what we might call 'elites'.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 424-440
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.901948
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.901948
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:424-440
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William G. Martin
Author-X-Name-First: William G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Author-Name: Brendan Innis McQuade
Author-X-Name-First: Brendan Innis
Author-X-Name-Last: McQuade
Title: Militarising - and marginalising? - African Studies USA
Abstract:
The militarisation of US-African relations has attracted considerable
attention in recent years. Left largely unexplored, however, is the
question of how this process has involved US-based scholars. This essay
examines this process with particular attention to the rapid expansion of
military and intelligence research on and in Africa, and, in particular,
military and intelligence funding of US Africanists' research including at
the major African Studies centres. While the classification of much
federal research limits conclusions, it is apparent that military and
intelligence priorities are coming to significantly shape the present and
future of much research and training.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 441-457
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.905906
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.905906
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:441-457
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: The death of Dag Hammarskjöld
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 458-465
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.902810
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.902810
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:458-465
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleksi Ylönen
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ylönen
Title: Dwindling but surviving: South Sudan and external involvement in the current crisis
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 466-473
Issue: 141
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.907780
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.907780
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:141:p:466-473
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Theorising Africa: some facts and fictions
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 475-482
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.966472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.966472
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:475-482
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zubairu Wai
Author-X-Name-First: Zubairu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wai
Title: The empire's new clothes: Africa, liberal interventionism and contemporary world order
Abstract:
This paper interrogates the current upsurge in humanitarian
interventionism in Africa. Disagreeing with those who see it in altruistic
terms, the paper argues that the increasing militarisation of world
politics seen in the routinisation of interventions in Africa is a
function of a neo-imperialist posture driven by a Western will to
domination and desire to restructure the world in line with the
ideological preferences of liberalism as the dominant ideological
formation of contemporary imperialism. Supported by power-knowledge
regimes of Western intellectual production, which provide the legitimating
frame and moral justification for imperial interventions, this Western
will to domination disguises its violent imperialist pretensions under the
cloak of benevolence and altruism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 483-499
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928278
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:483-499
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mamadou Diouma Bah
Author-X-Name-First: Mamadou Diouma
Author-X-Name-Last: Bah
Title: Mining for peace: diamonds, bauxite, iron ore and political stability in Guinea
Abstract:
The article explores the relationship between mineral resources and
conflict management in Guinea. Literature on theories of recent civil wars
and/or armed conflicts in West Africa identifies the combination of
abundant natural resources and extreme poverty as a significant trigger of
violent civil conflicts. In Guinea, however, despite this combination, the
state has managed to avoid large-scale civil violence. This gives rise to
the question of why this combination has failed to be associated with the
onset of large-scale violence in the country. The article identifies
mitigating factors that have contributed to political stability in Guinea.
It concludes that measures taken by Guinea and its international partners
mitigated the security threats posed by these resources, while keeping
most Guineans in abject poverty. This is in contrast to findings in recent
quantitative studies whereby natural resource abundance alongside extreme
poverty is strongly associated with armed conflicts in West African
nations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 500-515
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.917370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.917370
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:500-515
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Marco Conteh
Author-X-Name-First: Felix Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Conteh
Title: Chiefs, NGOs and alternative conflict resolution mechanisms in post-conflict Sierra Leone
Abstract:
The nature of chieftaincy has been identified as one of the causes of
Sierra Leone's civil conflict, but the institution has largely retained
its pre-war privileges and conflict triggers. Using evidence from
ethnographic research, this piece investigates the tensions between chiefs
and NGOs in alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. Chiefs perceive
NGOs as undercutting their powers and livelihood, resulting in strains.
Given the entrenched nature of chieftaincy, current attempts by NGOs to
ensure better judicial outcomes for the poor will produce limited success,
if the prevailing atmosphere of mistrust persists. A trustful and
congenial relationship between chiefs and NGOs is proposed.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 516-529
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928614
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928614
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:516-529
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filip Reyntjens
Author-X-Name-First: Filip
Author-X-Name-Last: Reyntjens
Title: Regulation, taxation and violence: the state, quasi-state governance and cross-border dynamics in the Great Lakes Region
Abstract:
The conflicts that have plagued the Great Lakes Region during the last 20
years are domestic and regional at the same time, with considerable inputs
and outputs across national borders. As elsewhere in Africa and the world,
borders unite as much as they divide. State weakness in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo and border porosity enable non-state armed groups,
neighbouring governments' armies and private entrepreneurs of instability
to freely operate on Congolese soil. As most analyses tend to focus on the
macro-level structures and patterns of economic control, they do not take
into account the dynamic processes of renegotiation of the existing local
political, social and economic space. This article attempts to bring
together hitherto scattered micro-level field data and analyses produced
by other scholars and UN experts, which it organises in five themes:
regulatory activities, including taxation; the straddling of public and
private spheres; the struggles for control; the transnational nature of
activities and, closely linked, profound regional integration; and
non-state groups acting as proxies for states. In addition to addressing
the greed versus grievance debate, the cases presented here challenge a
recent strand in research that sees criminal activities and forms of
'hybrid governance' as potential processes towards state formation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 530-544
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928612
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:530-544
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eka Ikpe
Author-X-Name-First: Eka
Author-X-Name-Last: Ikpe
Title: The development planning era and developmental statehood: the pursuit of structural transformation in Nigeria
Abstract:
This paper locates the development planning era within the discourse on
developmental statehood, with reference to Nigeria. It considers the
state's use of development planning to facilitate resource transfers
between economic sectors for the purpose of socio-economic transformation.
The paper draws on the analytical framework of the enhanced developmental
state paradigm (EDSP), which derives from the empirical experiences of
East Asian developmental states and classical development economic
concepts. It finds that although the development planning era was very
significant for attempts at structural change, attendant processes and
outcomes were undermined by changes in intellectual and policy debates on
global development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 545-560
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.952275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.952275
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:545-560
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Mann
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Mann
Title: Wasta! The long-term implications of education expansion and economic liberalisation on politics in Sudan
Abstract:
By tracking the changing nature of wasta, or personal
intermediation, in the Khartoum labour market, this paper examines the
impact of Islamist policies on state-society relations in Khartoum, Sudan.
It argues that economic liberalisation and higher education expansion
weakened sectarian control over the economy, replacing the former
institutionalised system of privilege with a much more decentralised,
private and transnational structure. The conclusion asks whether these
policies have laid the groundwork for long-term political transformation.
While education expansion and liberalisation should theoretically allow a
regime to broaden patronage networks, they may also reduce the capacity of
both the regime and the private sector to exercise power and establish
predictability outwards.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 561-578
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.952276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.952276
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:561-578
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jenna Burrell
Author-X-Name-First: Jenna
Author-X-Name-Last: Burrell
Title: Modernity in material form? Mobile phones in the careers of Ghanaian market women
Abstract:
Recent research on mobile phones in market exchange activities in the
Global South has tended to dematerialise the phone, narrowing its
application to accord with disciplinary concerns rather than to its full
range of material possibilities. This article seeks to expand the model of
the mobile phone in socio-economic development by examining its uptake and
adaptation among Ghanaian market women. The analysis considers development
in terms of market women's own self-defined notion of progress. Rather
than leading to more impersonal and calculative trade relationships, their
uses reflected deepening relations with trade partners and opportunities
for enhanced affiliation at all levels.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 579-593
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928611
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928611
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:579-593
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moses Mpuria Kindiki
Author-X-Name-First: Moses Mpuria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kindiki
Title: Dependency in international regimes: the case of the apparel industry in sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract:
This paper shows the relationship between regime and dependency theories.
Its central argument is that international regimes primarily serve the
accumulation interests of metropolitan capitalism, and hence perpetuate
dependency. Using the case of the apparel industry in sub-Saharan Africa,
it brings to the fore both the dependency and struggle in international
regimes that mainstream regime theory masks. The paper concludes that, in
its struggle to embed industry, Africa will need to clearly interpret the
parameters of a more complex international political economy than that
described in the classic dependency literature of the 1970s, and respond
to them with cleverness and alacrity.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 594-608
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.930023
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.930023
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:594-608
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: 'When freedom died' in Angola: Alves and after
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 609-622
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928279
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928279
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:609-622
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Herman Wasserman
Author-X-Name-First: Herman
Author-X-Name-Last: Wasserman
Author-Name: Jacinta Mwende Maweu
Author-X-Name-First: Jacinta Mwende
Author-X-Name-Last: Maweu
Title: The freedom to be silent? Market pressures on journalistic normative ideals at the Nation Media Group in Kenya
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 623-633
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928277
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:623-633
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: South Africa: how the ANC wins elections
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 634-644
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.964198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.964198
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:634-644
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: South Africa's elections 2014: more than more of the same?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 645-651
Issue: 142
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:142:p:645-651
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: New African development?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S1-S6
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.992623
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.992623
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S1-S6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ndongo Samba Sylla
Author-X-Name-First: Ndongo Samba
Author-X-Name-Last: Sylla
Title: From a marginalised to an emerging Africa? A critical analysis
Abstract:
At the end of the twentieth century, Africa was described as
'marginalised'. Nowadays, the continent is considered as 'emerging'. The
aim of this paper is to discuss the validity of this new perception of
Africa's position in the global economy. By critically re-evaluating
existing empirical data, the author will attempt to show that the
emergence thesis is superficial and does not take into account the current
nature of economic growth in Africa and the cost it implies in terms of
net income payments to the rest of the world. The reality is that Africa
remains one of the world's most open, dependent and exploited regions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S7-S25
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.996323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.996323
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S7-S25
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Nuno Castel-Branco
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Castel-Branco
Title: Growth, capital accumulation and economic porosity in Mozambique: social losses, private gains
Abstract:
The Mozambican economy has been growing at an annual average of 7.5% for
the best part of two decades, and has become one of the three most
attractive economies for foreign direct investment (FDI) in sub-Saharan
Africa. Yet, it has been ineffective and inefficient at reducing poverty
and providing a broader social and economic basis for development. It is
argued here that the dominant political economy of Mozambique is focused
on three fundamental and interlinked processes, namely the maximisation of
inflows of foreign capital - FDI or commercial loans - without political
conditionality; the development of linkages between these capital inflows
and the domestic process of accumulation and the formation of national
capitalist classes; and the reproduction of a labour system in which the
workforce is remunerated at below its social cost of subsistence and
families have to bear the responsibility for maintaining (especially
feeding) the wage-earning workers by complementing their wages or trying
to maintain the availability of the enormous idle reserve of labour. This
article focuses on economic porosity, which, arguably, is a dominant
factor in promoting the linkages between domestic and foreign capital,
nurtured, supported and mediated by the state.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S26-S48
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976363
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S26-S48
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niamh Gaynor
Author-X-Name-First: Niamh
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaynor
Title: 'A nation in a hurry': the costs of local governance reforms in Rwanda
Abstract:
Almost 20 years on from the horrors of the genocide, Rwanda is drawing
considerable international attention as it emerges as a leading African
success story. Its strong economic performance, with growth rates
averaging 8% over the last 10 years, has led some to argue that it
represents a new form of African developmental state. This article draws
on fieldwork conducted in 2013 to examine the political impact of the
government's developmental reforms at local levels. Charting developments
in local governance over the last decade, it demonstrates an increasing
centralisation of deliberation and decision-making on local development in
tandem with growing pressures and demands on local communities to invest -
physically and financially - in centrally promoted activities and
programmes. The findings, which uncover growing levels of popular disquiet
and dissent with the centrally driven approach, raise questions regarding
the level of embeddedness and legitimacy of the regime and therefore the
sustainability of its development project, The findings also challenge the
currently popular 'good enough governance' agenda in that they demonstrate
that local governance and state-societal relations do matter, most
especially when the pressures and costs for local development outcomes
fall heavily on local communities.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S49-S63
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976190
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S49-S63
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fana Gebresenbet
Author-X-Name-First: Fana
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebresenbet
Title: Securitisation of development in Ethiopia: the discourse and politics of developmentalism
Abstract:
This paper examines the developmental discourse of the Ethiopian
government since 2001. This discourse frames poverty as an existential
threat to Ethiopia, and it securitises development. The securitisation of
a public issue gives credence to the immediate need for wider state powers
and the aggressive mobilisation of (natural, financial and human)
resources - at times by ignoring agreed-upon conventions - to combat a
perceived existential threat. Thus, the argument is that the
securitisation of development is rationalising the drive to aggressively
extract and mobilise resources as well as increasing the power and stature
of the ruling coalition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S64-S74
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976191
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976191
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S64-S74
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Duffield
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Duffield
Title: From immersion to simulation: remote methodologies and the decline of area studies
Abstract:
Using Sudan as a case study, the focus of this essay is the changing
nature of fieldwork in the Global South. More specifically, it concerns
the methodological shifts in how the South has been approached as an
object of knowledge in the contemporary period. Drawing on the author's
own varying engagement with Sudan since December 1973, it was prompted by
a return visit in January 2014 to what is now the small town of Maiurno,
near Sennar, almost 40 years to the day of beginning his PhD fieldwork
there. In doing justice to this privileged experience, it became evident
that writing an account of the changes and reunions with old friends was
not enough. It wouldn't justify the journey, so to speak, that they have
all made. Neither would it bring out the essentially anomalous character
of the return at a time when such journeys are becoming more difficult.
This results from a hidden complicity between the shift toward research
risk avoidance in UK universities and, in this case, the restrictive
practices of the Sudanese state. The essay explores several stages in the
move away from ethnographic fieldwork being an art of being in the world
to a growing remoteness from the world and the compensatory emergence of
remote methodologies and the simulation of digital alternatives. At the
same time, it traces a shift from the politics of solidarity to the
neoliberal marketisation of the sub-prime tele-economic conditions
encountered in the Global South.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S75-S94
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976366
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S75-S94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Bernstein
Author-X-Name-First: Henry
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernstein
Title: 'African Peasants and Revolution' revisited
Abstract:
This short essay begins by revisiting John Saul's landmark article in the
first issue of the Review of African Political Economy in
1974, which was, inevitably, very much of its historical moment. The
author suggests that Saul used an ideal-typical conception of 'peasants'
combined with a particular view of 'incomplete' capitalism established by
colonial rule in Africa and continuing since political independence. He
then proposes, in highly selective and abbreviated fashion, an alternative
approach to understanding the social conditions of existence of African
'peasants' and the politics of Africa's agrarian questions. He illustrates
his argument with special reference to the current moment of globalisation
and neoliberalism. 'Globalisation' serves as shorthand for the
restructuring of capital on a world scale since the 1970s (and not least
'financialisation'), while he uses 'neoliberalism' to refer to the
political and ideological project of promoting the interests of capital in
such restructuring at the expense of the interests of labour. He concludes
with some broad historical theses about 'African Peasants and Revolution'.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S95-S107
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976365
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S95-S107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samir Amin
Author-X-Name-First: Samir
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: An interview with Samir Amin
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S108-S114
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.992624
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.992624
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S108-S114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Cramer
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cramer
Author-Name: D. Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Author-Name: C. Oya
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Oya
Author-Name: J. Sender
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sender
Title: Fairtrade cooperatives in Ethiopia and Uganda: uncensored
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S115-S127
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976192
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976192
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S115-S127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jyoti Saraswati
Author-X-Name-First: Jyoti
Author-X-Name-Last: Saraswati
Title: Konza City and the Kenyan software services strategy: the great leap backward?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: S128-S137
Issue: sup1
Volume: 41
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.976189
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.976189
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:41:y:2014:i:sup1:p:S128-S137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Divisive democracy and popular struggle in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-6
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1015251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1015251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:1-6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Webb
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Webb
Title: Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947-1950
Abstract:
While celebrated for her anti-apartheid activism, Ruth First's early
journalism has received limited attention by scholars. The result has been
an incomplete understanding of her political and intellectual development.
Drawing from First's scrapbooks, this article examines some of the themes
that preoccupied her from 1947-1950 while situating her work within the
broader political context. Her journalism played a crucial role in
chronicling resistance to segregationist policies in the pre-apartheid
period and the role of cheap labour in capitalist development. Many of the
themes that dominated her work on labour and development in Mozambique can
be glimpsed in these scrapbooks.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-21
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988697
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988697
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:7-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allison Drew
Author-X-Name-First: Allison
Author-X-Name-Last: Drew
Title: Visions of liberation: the Algerian war of independence and its South African reverberations
Abstract:
The launch of South Africa's armed struggle has been portrayed as the
action of urban-based South African Communist Party (SACP) and African
National Congress (ANC) members; scholarly debates concern the relative
importance of the SACP, ANC and the Soviet Union. Yet the Left was fluid
and eclectic during this transitional period. Seeking new approaches and
methods to address the rapidly evolving political environment, left-wing
activists drew on political and personal contacts to build new underground
networks. Their arguments came not from the Soviets but from the
experiences of guerrilla struggles, such as Algeria's war of independence.
They sought, unsuccessfully, to integrate insights from Algeria into their
strategies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 22-43
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.1000288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.1000288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:22-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seema Shah
Author-X-Name-First: Seema
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah
Title: Free and fair? Citizens' assessments of the 2013 general election in Kenya
Abstract:
Kenya's peaceful 2013 election came as a relief to domestic and
international observers, who feared a repeat of the brutal 2007--2008
post-election violence. Many observers conflated this relative peace with
electoral credibility, but analysis of a post-election national opinion
poll reveals a more complex picture. Most Kenyans did feel that the 2013
election was free and fair, but their conception of free and fair is
rooted more in the historical context of the election than in technical
electoral procedures. Personal experiences of irregularities at the level
of polling stations do not play a statistically significant role in
shaping voters' opinions about electoral credibility. Instead, voters are
more influenced by their ethnicities, their confidence in electoral
institutions and by how highly they prioritised peace. These findings
reveal the importance of local context and history in conceptions of
electoral integrity on the ground.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 44-61
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.995162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.995162
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:44-61
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ebenezer Obadare
Author-X-Name-First: Ebenezer
Author-X-Name-Last: Obadare
Title: Sex, citizenship and the state in Nigeria: Islam, Christianity and emergent struggles over intimacy
Abstract:
In this article, the author uses the belligerence toward alternative
sexualities in Nigeria as a point of departure for a critical appraisal of
the terms of inclusion and exclusion in the country's body politic. This
belligerence has thrown up a rare alliance of the state, religious leaders
and the print media. Attributing this alliance to the postcolonial crisis
over the functions of masculinisation and power, the author suggests that
anti-gay resentment is a straw man for a ruling elite facing growing
socio-economic pressure. This shunting-off of sexual 'others' from the
terrain of public action has profound implications for the way modern
Nigerian citizenship is understood.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 62-76
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988699
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:62-76
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuno Vidal
Author-X-Name-First: Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Vidal
Title: Angolan civil society activism since the 1990s: reformists, confrontationists and young revolutionaries of the 'Arab spring generation'
Abstract:
Aiming for regime transformation, post-transition Angolan civil society
activism moved from reformism and confrontationism to
ultra-confrontationism. Reformism and confrontationism evolved until the
2008 elections, influenced by development thinking
(neoliberalism/institutionalism vs neo-Marxism/world-system thinking), in
two opposing strategies: 'constructive engagement' vs political defiance.
The dispute ended with ultra-confrontationism gaining impetus with the
Arab spring, with a younger generation resorting to new methods
(information and communications technology and demonstrations). Despite
the lack of funding or international links, the newer methods caused more
concern to the regime. Nevertheless, they suffer from the same shortfalls
as their predecessors: they are confined to an urban/suburban social
segment, and unable to attract the majority of the population.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 77-91
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1015103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1015103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:77-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Different means of protest, same causes: popular struggles in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
The article examines the relationship of riots to more organised and
sustained protests by trade unions and other established oppositional
organisations. It focuses on protests related to the 2007-2008 food and
fuel price crisis. In a case study on Burkina Faso, actors, means and
achievements of the popular struggles are analysed. It is argued that
protests by the trade unions on the one side and riots on the other relate
to one another. Both present struggles by different segments of the
popular classes that sometimes use different means but emerge from the
same structural causes and address the same problem.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 92-106
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.996123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.996123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:92-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Paret
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Paret
Title: Violence and democracy in South Africa's community protests
Abstract:
Community protests in South Africa are often described as violent. Drawing
from newspaper articles, interviews with protesters and statements by
public officials, this paper unpacks the meaning of 'violent protest'. It
shows that violence is both ambiguous and deeply entangled with democracy.
On the one hand, violent practices may become a tool of liberation,
promoting democracy by empowering marginalised groups. On the other hand,
democracy may become a tool of domination, undermining dissent by
constituting as violent those persons and actions that deviate from formal
institutional channels. The analysis urges scholars to adopt a critical
and nuanced view of violence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-123
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.995163
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.995163
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:107-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Koenraad Bogaert
Author-X-Name-First: Koenraad
Author-X-Name-Last: Bogaert
Title: The revolt of small towns: the meaning of Morocco's history and the geography of social protests
Abstract:
Attempts to understand the wider context of the Arab uprisings in Morocco
mainly focus on the dynamic created by the 20 February Movement, while the
long history of increasing socio-economic struggle tends to be
underestimated. This article argues that the political and democratic
protests of the last two years and the history of socio-economic protests
cannot be viewed as unrelated phenomena but must be understood as part of
the same process. The account focuses on different disturbances, such as
the riots in the phosphate mining region of Khouribga, to show the
particular dynamic between civil democratic and socio-economic struggles.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 124-140
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.918536
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.918536
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:124-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Kohnert
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohnert
Title: Horse-trading on EU-African Economic Partnership Agreements
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 141-147
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988700
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:141-147
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lila Chouli
Author-X-Name-First: Lila
Author-X-Name-Last: Chouli
Title: L'insurrection populaire et la Transition au Burkina Faso
Abstract:
At the end of October 2014, Africa was again the scene of a popular
uprising: in two days the people of Burkina Faso, in mass demonstrations,
emptied the presidential palace of its occupant, exceeding even the
slogans launched by political opposition and civil society organisations.
On 31 October President Blaise Compaoré, after 27 years in power, was
forced to resign. In this briefing, after a very brief overview of the
dynamics of the struggles in Burkina Faso, Lila Chouli presents in broad
outline the nature of the post-October transition, its relationship to the
uprising and some of the principal contradictions and tensions contained
in these developments.À la fin d'octobre 2014, l'Afrique était le
"théâtre" d'un soulèvement populaire, particulier par sa fulgurance
: en deux jours, les masses burkinabè ont vidé le palais présidentiel de
son occupant, dépassant le mot d'ordre lancé par l'opposition politique
ainsi que des organisations de la société civile. Qu'en est-il de l'après
octobre 2014 ? Après un très bref rappel de la dynamique des luttes au
Burkina Faso, nous présenterons à grands traits l'organisation de la
transition post-octobre dans ses rapports à l'esprit du soulèvement
populaire, dans sa pluralité, pouvant même être
contradictoire...
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 148-155
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1016290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1016290
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:148-155
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eddy Akpomera
Author-X-Name-First: Eddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Akpomera
Title: International crude oil theft: elite predatory tendencies in Nigeria
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 156-165
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988696
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:143:p:156-165
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Title: On territorialising power and rendering space and resources legible
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 167-173
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1038046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1038046
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:167-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Chinigò
Author-X-Name-First: Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Chinigò
Title: The politics of land registration in Ethiopia: territorialising state power in the rural milieu
Abstract:
Contemporary policies of land titling and registration are central to the
negotiation of the rights of access to resources and constitute a main
facet of the territorialisation of the state in the rural milieu. In
Ethiopia, the distribution of land use certificates started in the 1990s
with the support of international donors. This paper examines land
registration in rural Oromiya and discusses how it reconfigures the
exercise of political authority and the peasant-state interface. The paper
concludes that land registration, being legitimated through a complex
discursive repertoire, strengthens the capacity of the local
administrative structures to exercise political authority and thereby
serves to further extend the power of the state in the rural milieu. While
the question of security of tenure is strongly influenced by such
hierarchical state-peasant relations, the case analysed shows that the
political project behind land registration is also contested and resisted,
although not openly, by the farmers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 174-189
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.928613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.928613
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:174-189
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Scoones
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Scoones
Title: Zimbabwe's land reform: new political dynamics in the countryside
Abstract:
The reconfiguration of land and economic opportunity following Zimbabwe's
land reform from 2000 has resulted in a new politics of the countryside.
This emerges from the processes of accumulation and differentiation set in
train by the land reform. Yet these politics are contested: between the
interests of new 'middle farmers' who are 'accumulating from below' and
politically connected elites and large-scale capital who see different
opportunities for land-based accumulation. These dynamics are being played
out in different ways in different parts of the country, depending on the
agroecological potential of the area, the way the land reform unfolded and
local political actors and processes. Based on research over the past 14
years, this paper examines two areas in Masvingo province and develops a
contrasting analysis of emerging political dynamics. The paper concludes
with a discussion of the implications for the longer-term politics of
agrarian change in Zimbabwe.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 190-205
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.968118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.968118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:190-205
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ambreena Manji
Author-X-Name-First: Ambreena
Author-X-Name-Last: Manji
Title: Bulldozers, homes and highways: Nairobi and the right to the city
Abstract:
In Kenya road building, widely viewed as an 'unqualified human good', is
closely linked to an 'Africa Rising' narrative. In this paper the author
argues that road building is an attempt to assert political authority
derived from a longstanding developmentalist impulse, one in which private
accumulation and spectacular public works go hand in hand. In light of
massive infrastructural transformations, the author develops a
conceptualisation of the right to the city: what is needed is a radical
understanding of the city and its potentialities that wrests control of
the idea away from a bureaucratic vision, and imbues it instead with
collective meaning.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 206-224
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988698
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988698
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:206-224
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Landlords in the making: class dynamics of the land grab in Mbarali, Tanzania
Abstract:
This paper reorients the analysis of land grabs in Tanzania towards the
role of class dynamics. It draws on primary research on resistance against
the privatisation of a state rice farm in Mbeya Region. This is a land
grab ahead of its time, as it occurred before the wave of global land
enclosures spurred by the 2007/8 crisis. The paper argues that the recent
wave of dispossession builds on pre-existing processes of rural social
differentiation and class formation, which are played out through the
politics of land and its class dynamics. It claims that if engaged
scholarship is to support the progressive potential of resistance against
land grabs in Africa, the class dynamics of land grabs must be
acknowledged.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 225-244
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.992403
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.992403
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:225-244
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Baker
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Title: Renewable energy in South Africa's minerals-energy complex: a 'low carbon' transition?
Abstract:
This paper questions the extent to which the introduction of
utility-scale, privately generated renewable energy into South Africa's
coal-dominated electricity supply can be considered a 'low-carbon
transition'. Rather, the renewable energy projects in question are
embedded within and contribute to South Africa's high-carbon,
electricity-intensive 'minerals-energy complex'. An empirical
consideration is provided of some of the stakeholders involved in the
implementation of the wind industry in South Africa, and the possibilities
and pitfalls for its long-term sustainability.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 245-261
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.953471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.953471
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:245-261
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvanus I. Ebohon
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvanus I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebohon
Title: The reform-underdevelopmentalism nexus in a dependent state: a case study of the Nigerian banking sector reforms
Abstract:
This paper attempts to capture the link between reform and development of
the Nigerian banking sector. As a single-resource economy, Nigeria's
development is embedded in a dependence framework in which commission
forms the basis of primitive accumulation. The analysis, which is based on
empirical evidence from primary and secondary sources, shows capital
flight, toxic assets, abnormal profitability and margin banking in the
Nigerian reform. It argues that within the framework of dependence
reformism tied to metropolitan technology, reforms cannot produce mega
banks. Backward integration offers Nigeria the hope for transiting from
economically underdeveloped south to economically developed north.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 262-278
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1020940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1020940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:262-278
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thaddeus Chidi Nzeadibe
Author-X-Name-First: Thaddeus Chidi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nzeadibe
Author-Name: Peter Oluchukwu Mbah
Author-X-Name-First: Peter Oluchukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbah
Title: Beyond urban vulnerability: interrogating the social sustainability of a livelihood in the informal economy of Nigerian cities
Abstract:
Aba is a politically volatile, economically vibrant but environmentally
poor city that is a microcosm of social conditions in the Nigerian urban
informal economy. Hence, this study interrogates the social sustainability
of waste picking in the city, using a hybrid of political economy and
sustainable livelihoods frameworks to explicate social conditions of
labour in the waste economy in relation to state/institutional policies. A
mixed-methods approach was utilised, and findings indicate that a cocktail
of conditions affect waste picking. A rise in waste picking was noted to
be in response to neoliberal economic policies which removed social safety
nets. Juxtaposing green neoliberal political economy with waste picking in
Nigeria, the paper queries the continued neglect of the social dimension
of the sustainability debate in informal waste management (IWM), arguing
that social sustainability can be compatible with IWM, a neglected
component of the 'new green economy' of Nigerian cities.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 279-298
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.997692
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.997692
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:279-298
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abiodun Salawu
Author-X-Name-First: Abiodun
Author-X-Name-Last: Salawu
Title: A political economy of sub-Saharan African language press: the case of Nigeria and South Africa
Abstract:
This paper attempts a typology of the models of managing local language
press in sub-Saharan Africa. Two models are identified: the
mainstream and the subsidiary. In the
mainstream model are local language newspapers that exist as sole or main
products of a media organisation. The subsidiary model consists of local
language newspapers that exist as subsidiary products of a foreign (but
dominant) language media organisation. The two models are essentially
differentiated based on two major factors:
Focus/Attention/Priority and Resources (Sharing)
- Men, Materials, Machine and Marketing. Using critical political
economy as a theoretical framework, the paper draws examples from local
language press establishments in Africa to discuss this model.
Irrespective of the model of management adopted, the survival of local
language newspapers in sub-Saharan Africa remains precarious. Even though
the general situation with local language press in sub-Saharan Africa is
not exciting, there are however some success stories that can be situated
within either of the two management models.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 299-313
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988695
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:299-313
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Pepe Roberts, 1943-2015
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 314-315
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1023968
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1023968
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:314-315
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Moore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: Five funerals, no weddings, a couple of birthdays: Terry Ranger, his contemporaries, and the end of Zimbabwean nationalism - 24 October 2013-3 January 2015
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 316-324
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1024504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1024504
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:316-324
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lila Chouli
Author-X-Name-First: Lila
Author-X-Name-Last: Chouli
Title: The popular uprising in Burkina Faso and the Transition
Abstract:
At the end of October 2014, Africa was again the scene of a popular
uprising: in two days the people of Burkina Faso, in mass demonstrations,
emptied the presidential palace of its occupant, exceeding even the
slogans launched by political opposition and civil society organisations.
On 31 October President Blaise Compaoré, after 27 years in power, was
forced to resign. In this briefing, after a very brief overview of the
dynamics of the struggles in Burkina Faso, Lila Chouli presents in broad
outline the nature of the post-October transition, its relationship to the
uprising and some of the principal contradictions and tensions contained
in these developments.-super-1
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 325-333
Issue: 144
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1026196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1026196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:144:p:325-333
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Author-Name: Kevin Deane
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Deane
Author-Name: Matteo Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: The political economy of HIV
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-341
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1065603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1065603
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:335-341
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bridget O'Laughlin
Author-X-Name-First: Bridget
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Laughlin
Title: Trapped in the prison of the proximate: structural HIV/AIDS prevention in southern Africa
Abstract:
There is now agreement in HIV/AIDS prevention that biomedical and
behavioural interventions do not sufficiently address the structural
causes of the epidemic, but structural prevention is understood in
different ways. The social drivers approach models pathways that link
structural constraints to individuals at risk and then devises
intervention to affect these pathways. An alternative political economy
approach that begins with the bio-social whole provides a better basis for
understanding the structural causes of HIV/AIDS. It demands that HIV/AIDS
prevention in southern Africa should not be a set of discrete technical
interventions but a sustained political as well as scientific project.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 342-361
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064368
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:342-361
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Hunter
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter
Title: The political economy of concurrent partners: toward a history of sex-love-gift connections in the time of AIDS
Abstract:
Over the last decade, one of the most influential explanations for high
HIV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa is the existence of sexual networks
characterised by concurrent partners. Recently, however, a growing number
of scholars have challenged the evidential basis for the concurrency
argument. While this dispute has led to a call for more sophisticated
quantitative methods to measure concurrency, this article widens the
discussion to emphasise the political economic roots and qualitative
dimension of concurrent partnered relations. Specifically, the paper
argues for the importance of situating concurrency within key historical
processes and, to that end, gives special consideration to the growth of
'transactional sex' - non-prostitute but material relations between men
and women. Critics of the concurrency-HIV thesis have sometimes dismissed
as anecdotal accounts of sex-gift exchanges in Africa. Yet by exploring
through an ethnographic/historical lens the changing configuration of sex,
love and gifts in South Africa, this article illuminates different
manifestations of concurrency, including connections between concurrency
and condom use.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 362-375
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064367
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:362-375
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Danya Long
Author-X-Name-First: Danya
Author-X-Name-Last: Long
Author-Name: Kevin Deane
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Deane
Title: Wealthy and healthy? New evidence on the relationship between wealth and HIV vulnerability in Tanzania
Abstract:
Using data from the Demographics and Health Surveys for Tanzania in
2003-2004, 2007-2008 and 2011-2012 and borrowing from the methodology used
in Parkhurst, the authors analyse the changing relationship between wealth
and HIV prevalence in Tanzania. Findings are tabulated, graphed and
discussed. The authors find the relationship is multifaceted and dynamic:
women are disproportionately affected in all wealth quintiles and
experience a stronger 'wealth effect'; some groups experience an increase
in prevalence even as population prevalence declines. Relative wealth and
poverty are associated with increased prevalence, suggesting that
structural drivers create a variety of risk situations - as well as
protective factors - affecting different groups. The authors also consider
data on testing refusals: wealthier men were consistently more likely to
decline testing. Continuing to unpack this complex and shifting
relationship is necessary in order to fully understand the structural
drivers of HIV transmission and access of testing services, enabling the
formulation of appropriate policy responses.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 376-393
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064817
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064817
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:376-393
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Title: Paying the price of HIV in Africa: cash transfers and the depoliticisation of HIV risk
Abstract:
Despite biomedical innovation, HIV incidence remains high in some African
countries. HIV-related cash-transfer projects propose a solution. However,
the author raises concerns about their success from a political economy
perspective. Where structural change is invoked by these projects, it is
too narrowly conceived. Some cash-transfer projects focus solely on
'nudging' choices about risky sex, without considering the wider set of
factors that increase HIV incidence. Consequently, the promise of
HIV-related cash transfers is dangerously exaggerated. Instead they
obscure the underlying causes of high HIV prevalence, by focusing on
individual behaviour and a limited, neoliberal-friendly menu of options.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 394-413
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064815
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:394-413
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eleanor MacPherson
Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor
Author-X-Name-Last: MacPherson
Author-Name: John Sadalaki
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Sadalaki
Author-Name: Victoria Nyongopa
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyongopa
Author-Name: Lawrence Nkhwazi
Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence
Author-X-Name-Last: Nkhwazi
Author-Name: Mackwellings Phiri
Author-X-Name-First: Mackwellings
Author-X-Name-Last: Phiri
Author-Name: Alinafe Chimphonda
Author-X-Name-First: Alinafe
Author-X-Name-Last: Chimphonda
Author-Name: Nicola Desmond
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Desmond
Author-Name: Victor Mwapasa
Author-X-Name-First: Victor
Author-X-Name-Last: Mwapasa
Author-Name: David G. Lalloo
Author-X-Name-First: David G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lalloo
Author-Name: Janet Seeley
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Seeley
Author-Name: Sally Theobald
Author-X-Name-First: Sally
Author-X-Name-Last: Theobald
Title: Exploring the complexity of microfinance and HIV in fishing communities on the shores of Lake Malawi
Abstract:
This study utilised qualitative research methodology to explore female
fish traders' experiences of accessing microfinance in fishing communities
in southern Malawi. Microfinance is a tool that has been used to alleviate
poverty. People living in fishing communities in the Global South are at
an increased risk of HIV and, equally, microfinance has been identified as
a tool to prevent HIV. The authors' research found consistent testimonies
of overly short microfinance loan-repayment periods, enforced by the
threat of property confiscation. These threats, coupled with gendered
power dynamics and the unpredictability of fish catches, left some female
fish traders vulnerable to HIV.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 414-436
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064369
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:414-436
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Deane
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Deane
Author-Name: Joyce Wamoyi
Author-X-Name-First: Joyce
Author-X-Name-Last: Wamoyi
Title: Revisiting the economics of transactional sex: evidence from Tanzania
Abstract:
Transactional sex has been identified as one of the key structural drivers
of the HIV epidemic. Mainstream economic analyses of this practice
primarily conceptualise transactional sex in the language of rational
choice, with the focus on behavioural decisions that women make over
whether to engage in transactional interactions (or not). However, whilst
providing some important insights in relation to the role of poverty and
the importance of acknowledging that women are more than passive agents,
these approaches fail to address the social and economic complexities of
this practice that are reflected in the broader literature. Further, due
to the technical framework used, there is a failure to deal with the
broader socio-economic and historical underpinnings of this practice.
Using evidence from fieldwork undertaken in Tanzania, the authors revisit
the economics of transactional sex, and offer an alternative economic
approach to understanding this practice. They explore the notion that
transactional sex is an established local sexual norm, and how this norm
is creatively applied and reapplied in a range of situations by different
actors, including through participation in local value chains. Their
analysis has a number of implications for future prevention efforts that
differ from the current focus on microfinance as a means of empowering
women.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 437-454
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064816
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064816
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:437-454
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Whiteside
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Whiteside
Title: The key questions in the AIDS epidemic in 2015
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 455-466
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064371
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:455-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie Harman
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: Harman
Title: 15 years of 'War on AIDS': what impact has the global HIV/AIDS response had on the political economy of Africa?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 467-476
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064370
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:467-476
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin O. Parkhurst
Author-X-Name-First: Justin O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Parkhurst
Author-Name: Moritz Hunsmann
Author-X-Name-First: Moritz
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunsmann
Title: Breaking out of silos - the need for critical paradigm reflection in HIV prevention
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 477-487
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064373
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064373
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:477-487
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Seeley
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Seeley
Title: Microfinance and HIV prevention
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 488-496
Issue: 145
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1064372
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1064372
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:145:p:488-496
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karim Malak
Author-X-Name-First: Karim
Author-X-Name-Last: Malak
Author-Name: Sara Salem
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Salem
Title: How far does neoliberalism go in Egypt? Gender, citizenship and the making of the ‘rural’ woman
Abstract:
This paper focuses on civil society in Egypt as a site in which the ‘Egyptian rural woman’ is made by looking at processes of microfinance which often ‘fail’ to realise their stated goals of ‘empowerment’, ‘poverty alleviation’ or ‘social mobility’. Using ethnographic material from a microfinance programme in the Egyptian governorate of al-Minya, such programmes are problematised beyond their stated goals. Instead, such initiatives put in place an infrastructure that links micro-borrowers to the market. Thus, what it means to be a ‘liberated’ woman in the Egyptian context is built on access, participation in and creation of ‘the market’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 541-558
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1268114
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1268114
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:541-558
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peris S. Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Peris S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Wangui Kimari
Author-X-Name-First: Wangui
Author-X-Name-Last: Kimari
Author-Name: Kavita Ramakrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Kavita
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramakrishnan
Title: ‘Only the people can defend this struggle’: the politics of the everyday, extrajudicial executions and civil society in Mathare, Kenya
Abstract:
Though a perennial problem in postcolonial Kenya, extrajudicial executions (EJE) show few signs of ending and in recent years are even accelerating amongst young men in informal settlements. Avenues for legal, institutional and civil society redress, nominally expanded in recent years, display an ongoing tendency towards disconnection from the grassroots. A case study from Mathare, Nairobi, seeks explanations for the lack of urgency in addressing EJE and also the limited effectiveness of responses to them that are rooted in the political economy of interests of civil society actors, which tends to perpetuate these ‘excluded spaces’ of the slum. The authors do so, however, by exploring one particular struggle to show how frustration with civil society is being used by social justice activists to articulate ideas of ‘everyday’ violence to mobilise for change that disrupts the apparent normalisation of EJE.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 559-576
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1269000
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1269000
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:559-576
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Murtala Muhammad
Author-X-Name-First: Murtala
Author-X-Name-Last: Muhammad
Author-Name: Mansur Ibrahim Mukhtar
Author-X-Name-First: Mansur Ibrahim
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhtar
Author-Name: Gold Kafilah Lola
Author-X-Name-First: Gold Kafilah
Author-X-Name-Last: Lola
Title: The impact of Chinese textile imperialism on Nigeria’s textile industry and trade: 1960–2015
Abstract:
This briefing examines the effects of globalisation and the challenge posed by China to the Nigerian textile industry in the twenty-first century. The meteoric rise of imports of cheap Chinese textiles into the Nigerian market, which was formerly dominated by local fabrics, has shifted the balance in favour of the imports, which has consequently destroyed the economic base of the local textile industry.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 673-682
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1313729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1313729
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:673-682
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Bassett
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Bassett
Title: Africa’s next debt crisis: regulatory dilemmas and radical insights
Abstract:
A new African debt crisis appears imminent, which will have new features because several countries have recently introduced international sovereign bonds. Organisations such as the World Bank and the African Development Bank increasingly acknowledge the risk of such a crisis, but continue to prescribe debt-management strategies based on liberalisation and government spending cuts. Insights drawn from liberals favouring government regulation identify an alternative policy direction, while Marxist scholars raise serious concerns about the merits and implications of the bonds altogether. These alternative approaches have the potential to enrich inter-governmental policy discussions and potentially avert the looming new African debt crisis.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 523-540
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1313730
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1313730
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:523-540
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacqueline M. Klopp
Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Klopp
Author-Name: Odenda Lumumba
Author-X-Name-First: Odenda
Author-X-Name-Last: Lumumba
Title: Reform and counter-reform in Kenya's land governance
Abstract:
Fashioned within conquest, Kenya’s current system of land governance was designed to facilitate land expropriation for the few and powerful. Post-colonial elites never fundamentally reformed this system of concentrated legal and administrative power over land and continue to benefit from it. This article explores both recent efforts at land governance reform and the numerous ways that counter-reform resistance is occurring and currently gaining the upper hand. The authors argue that powerful networks of beneficiaries create a strong system of control and exclusion around land, producing a path dependency against reform. The challenge for reformers is to overcome these powerful forces arrayed against change with creative mobilisation strategies, leveraging not only the 2010 Constitution and the courts but also public outrage and stronger civil society organisation. Overall, an important reform struggle in Kenya is just beginning, the outcome uncertain and the stakes for the country’s future very high.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 577-594
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1367919
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1367919
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:577-594
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cyril Owen Brandt
Author-X-Name-First: Cyril Owen
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandt
Title: Ambivalent outcomes of statebuilding: multiplication of brokers and educational expansion in the Democratic Republic of Congo (2004–13)
Abstract:
This empirical article explores how the interaction between two key aspects of statebuilding (democratisation and decentralisation) and existing forms of governance in the Democratic Republic of Congo led to a multiplication in numbers of political and administrative brokers. Furthermore, it investigates how these brokers construct their roles well beyond official mandates. Responding to local demands, they circumvent formal procedures in order to obtain decrees accrediting public primary and secondary schools. As a result, the number of public schools has almost tripled since the early 2000s. Building on qualitative and quantitative empirical data, the article thus reveals that democratisation and decentralisation can reproduce clientelist structures. However, it also uncovers changing socio-spatial dynamics: certain historically neglected and conflict-affected districts have particularly benefited from brokers’ involvement. Despite these positive aspects, the article further illustrates how these outcomes counteract other central administrative and political objectives.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 624-642
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1367920
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1367920
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:624-642
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: Eritrea: a mafia state?
Abstract:
Eritrea is no ordinary state; rather it resembles a criminal organisation designed to keep its citizens in perpetual servitude. It is behaves like a mafia organisation: with covert finances but without a constitution, legislature or elections, run by the country’s president and his closest associates.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 662-672
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1374939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1374939
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:662-672
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Cohen
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen
Title: A tribute to Ken Post, 1935–2017
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 643-645
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1380954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1380954
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:643-645
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joël Noret
Author-X-Name-First: Joël
Author-X-Name-Last: Noret
Title: For a multidimensional class analysis in Africa
Abstract:
How can we analyse the dynamics of social structure in Africa today? This Debate piece argues that a Bourdieu-inspired, multidimensional class analysis opens promising perspectives for understanding class dynamics in Africa. This implies notably bridging objectivist and subjectivist approaches to class analysis, and working with a multidimensional idea of the social space.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 654-661
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1388775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1388775
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:654-661
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Godfrey Maringira
Author-X-Name-First: Godfrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Maringira
Title: Military corruption in war: stealing and connivance among Zimbabwean foot soldiers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (1998–2002)
Abstract:
This article examines the ways in which Zimbabwean foot soldiers engaged in military corrupt activities, stealing army rations from the trenches to resell in neighbouring civilian communities and Congolese soldiers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The practice became widespread among and between senior and junior officers. However, this practice did not end with the war; rather it was carried over from the DRC war to the Zimbabwean army barracks. The article contends that the practice of stealing army rations was a deeply unprofessional practice. The article draws from life history stories of Zimbabwean former soldiers who deserted the army and are now living in South Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 611-623
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1406844
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1406844
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:611-623
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eglė Česnulytė
Author-X-Name-First: Eglė
Author-X-Name-Last: Česnulytė
Title: Gendering the extraverted state: the politics of the Kenyan sex workers’ movement
Abstract:
The Kenyan sex worker movement occupies a peculiar place in Kenyan politics – it is an important partner in different programmes and policies in the health sector, but individuals selling sex still disproportionately suffer from different forms of state and public violence and are often marginalised. This article argues that due to the gendered nature of the Kenyan state’s extraversion processes and the resulting dual accountability to national and foreign sovereigns, the Kenyan state’s approach to gender issues is inconsistent and thus produces a situation where social movements with a gender rights agenda can be both included and excluded from the national political scene. The article also explores how the sex worker movement builds on this duality of the Kenyan state when making its strategic choices about engagement with national policy bodies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 595-610
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1406845
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1406845
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:595-610
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arndt Hopfmann
Author-X-Name-First: Arndt
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopfmann
Title: The Russian Revolution and the development challenge – Part I: the Russian Revolution and a myriad of global cleavages
Abstract:
100 years after the Great Russian Revolution it is time to evaluate the impact of this epoch-making event on the politics and development in the Global South. In Part I, some deliberations on its historical and geo-political aspects are provided.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 646-653
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1406846
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1406846
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:646-653
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Ponte
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponte
Title: Neoliberal moral economy: capitalism, socio-cultural change and fraud in Uganda
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 683-684
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1407507
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1407507
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:683-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Political economies of the everyday
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 513-521
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1409567
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1409567
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:513-521
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ruth First prize
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 522-522
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1412668
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1412668
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:522-522
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 685-689
Issue: 154
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1413222
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1413222
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:154:p:685-689
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Title: ‘They’re all in it together’: the social production of fraud in capitalist Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 357-368
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1682297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1682297
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:357-368
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thando Vilakazi
Author-X-Name-First: Thando
Author-X-Name-Last: Vilakazi
Author-Name: Simon Roberts
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts
Title: Cartels as ‘fraud’? Insights from collusion in southern and East Africa in the fertiliser and cement industries
Abstract:
Anti-competitive conduct involves firms misrepresenting their behaviour and manipulating markets. In sector case studies of cement and fertiliser, the authors find that collusion in southern and East Africa operated through industry associations exchanging information, secret agreements and lobbying government to distort notionally developmental policies for private benefit. This has occurred in the context of liberalisation and deregulation. Transnational corporations have leveraged control of infrastructure and inputs, and favourable regulations to sustain market power, while presenting themselves as ‘development partners’. Competition law is portrayed as the ‘governance fix’ for these issues but this ignores political economy issues which underpin many collusive arrangements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 369-386
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1536974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1536974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:369-386
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milford Bateman
Author-X-Name-First: Milford
Author-X-Name-Last: Bateman
Title: The rise of microcredit ‘control fraud’ in post-apartheid South Africa: from state-enforced to market-driven exploitation of the black community
Abstract:
The end of apartheid in South Africa in the early 1990s did not see the envisaged end to the exploitation of the black South African population, but instead saw simply a shift from state-backed exploitation to market-driven exploitation. This trajectory is especially germane to the country’s microcredit industry, which has spectacularly and wilfully enriched a narrow white male elite while simultaneously helping to fragment and destroy the local rural and urban economies of the black poor. As this article demonstrates, a major aspect of this one-sided enrichment process has involved ‘control fraud’, the process whereby the CEO and senior management of a financial institution use their seniority to defraud customers, shareholders, the government and the general public as they go about maximising their own private short-term financial gains. Already a problem elsewhere in the global South, South Africa has thus joined the growing list of countries that have seen control fraud in the microcredit sector undermine and block progress towards more productive, sustainable and equitable local economies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 387-414
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1546429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1546429
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:387-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: Black economic empowerment policy in Durban, eThekwini, South Africa: economic justice, economic fraud and ‘leaving money on the table’
Abstract:
Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) policy in South Africa is intended to mitigate the economic disadvantage of apartheid and contribute to inclusive growth and development. This article examines perspectives on BEE from economic actors and accreditation agencies in eThekwini between 2012 and 2016. The article finds that BEE policy has contributed to building a political economy of connectivity and concession embedded in localised categorical framings of race, class and gender, where some economic fraud and corruption has taken place. However, BEE has also contributed to growing a black capitalist class which eschews political concession and identifies with market-based economic transformation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 415-441
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1644997
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1644997
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:415-441
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gernot Klantschnig
Author-X-Name-First: Gernot
Author-X-Name-Last: Klantschnig
Author-Name: Chieh Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Chieh
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Fake drugs: health, wealth and regulation in Nigeria
Abstract:
In recent years, international organisations have warned of the lethal trade in fake drugs particularly in Africa. This article assesses how and why fake pharmaceuticals have become a problem in Nigeria and how successful the state has been at regulating it, based on archival, official and interview data. While the article shows that the early roots of this trade can be found in colonial times, its expansion and growing policy concern were driven by crises in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry and the healthcare system in the 1980s. In contrast to dominant explanations, the authors argue that the rise of fake drugs in Nigeria was closely linked to these national crises and related global trends towards market liberalisation and the commodification of health. In this unfavourable context, policies to regulate fake drugs remained limited as they only addressed the symptoms of a more fundamental political and economic problem: the shift from public health towards private wealth and profit-making.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 442-458
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1536975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1536975
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:442-458
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christiaan De Beukelaer
Author-X-Name-First: Christiaan
Author-X-Name-Last: De Beukelaer
Author-Name: Martin Fredriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Fredriksson
Title: The political economy of intellectual property rights: the paradox of Article 27 exemplified in Ghana
Abstract:
Orthodox copyright scholarship frames piracy in ‘developing’ countries as a detrimental and illegal practice that results from these countries’ lack of economic, social and cultural development. It argues that piracy needs to be discouraged, regulated, and finally overcome for legitimate business to flourish. In this article, the authors challenge this viewpoint and question whether the implementation of international copyright instruments in legislation across Africa really promotes those local economies or if it merely exposes them to neo-colonial exploitation. While the early international treaties on intellectual property rights (IPR) were formulated by European states and implemented in most parts of Africa through colonial laws, more recent legislation has been globally implemented through institutions such as the United Nations or the World Trade Organization, which remain dominated by Western interests. Through a structured overview of the adoption of IPR treaties in African countries, the authors advance a political economy perspective of intellectual property rights as a (neo-)colonial regime.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 459-479
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1500358
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1500358
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:459-479
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milford Bateman
Author-X-Name-First: Milford
Author-X-Name-Last: Bateman
Author-Name: Maren Duvendack
Author-X-Name-First: Maren
Author-X-Name-Last: Duvendack
Author-Name: Nicholas Loubere
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Loubere
Title: Is fin-tech the new panacea for poverty alleviation and local development? Contesting Suri and Jack’s M-Pesa findings published in Science
Abstract:
Financial technology, or simply ‘fin-tech’, is increasingly seen as one of the key tools to facilitate poverty reduction and local economic development. One article in particular by Tavneet Suri and William Jack published in the leading publication Science has played a hugely influential role in promoting the fin-tech model in the global South using the example of Kenya’s iconic M-Pesa money transfer platform. The authors’ central claim is that M-Pesa has been instrumental in facilitating a major episode of poverty reduction. Our analysis shows that their analysis and claims are extremely problematic.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 480-495
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1614552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1614552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:480-495
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nataliya Mykhalchenko
Author-X-Name-First: Nataliya
Author-X-Name-Last: Mykhalchenko
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Title: Anti-fraud measures in Southern Africa
Abstract:
In response to the rising levels of fraud in many countries and the global economy more generally, public and private actors in both the global North and the global South have in recent years introduced initiatives in the name of countering fraud in the ‘private sector’. This briefing explores such anti-fraud measures in four countries in the Southern African region: Malawi, Botswana, South Africa and Zambia. Using online data (news outlets and reports on websites of private companies and governmental agencies), the authors provide a country-by-country account of some of the drivers and characteristics of these measures.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 496-514
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1660156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1660156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:496-514
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Aboobaker
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Aboobaker
Title: Visions of stagnation and maldistribution: monopoly capital, ‘white monopoly capital’ and new challenges to the South African Left
Abstract:
The term ‘white monopoly capital’ (WMC) has featured prominently in South Africa's recent popular economic discourse. Situating this rhetorical turn within discussion over the broader monopoly capital tradition, this piece argues for a need to move beyond the term considering problems with the idea that a concentrated market structure is driving stagnation and inequality in South Africa, but also because this conspiratorial language is harmful to South Africa’s political discourse.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 515-523
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1640193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1640193
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:515-523
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Beek
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Beek
Title: Neoliberalism and the moral economy of fraud
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 524-527
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1649353
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1649353
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:524-527
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Statement of retraction: The role of multinational oil corporations (MNOCs) in Nigeria: more exploitation equals less development of oil-rich Niger Delta region
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 528-528
Issue: 161
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1668650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1668650
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:161:p:528-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: The machinery of external control
Journal:
Pages: 5-7
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704289
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704289
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:5-7
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: Waiting for oprah & the new US constituency for Africa
Abstract: Is Africa falling off the policy map in the United States as is commonly alleged? Or do the new policies and constituency‐building efforts emanating from Washington, signal an African renaissance in the United States? This essay argues that this debate hides a more significant development: the formation of a hegemonic coalition, promoting an ideology suited to the post‐development, post‐affirmative action, multiracial era. If coalesced, this coalition would replace the forces that kept progressive African policies on the public agenda for over a generation. The very character of elite policy groups reveals, however, their dilemma: neither capital nor the state is substantially interested in African development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 9-24
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704290
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:9-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pádraig Carmody
Author-X-Name-First: Pádraig
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody
Title: Constructing alternatives to structural adjustment in Africa
Abstract: Structural adjustment in Africa is based on neo‐classical economic principles derived from the experience of industrialisation in Britain and the United States. Neo‐classical economics claims that unregulated markets maximise output across contexts. However, this naturalisation of markets neglects that they are actively constituted by actors with different capabilities and levels of power. Structural adjustment has failed because comprehensive liberalisation has led to the autonomous development of the trade and financial sectors, to the detriment of production. Appropriate development strategies must recognise the necessity of regulating trade and finance in order to channel resources towards production, as in the developmental states of East Asia. However, in order to be successful, such strategies must be embedded in Africa's political economy. Development will require a remaking of both African states and the international financial institutions which dictate their economic policies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 25-46
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704291
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:25-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Watts
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Watts
Title: Losing Lomé: the potential impact of the commission guidelines on the ACP non‐least developed countries
Abstract: Relations between European Union (EU) states and associated underdeveloped economies (the ACP states) have been largely governed by the Lomé Conventions. Likely difficulties in gaining World Trade Organisation (WTO) approval for a renewal of Lomé IV in its current form, and recognition that Lomé has been an insufficient support to the ACP group, has led the European Commission to search for an alternative framework. Its proposed new guidelines bring the debate forward on what a politically and legally feasible, and economically mutually beneficial framework might involve. They include a proposal that aid be focused on countries with a proven commitment to poverty eradication and conflict prevention, and offer Lomé‐style access to non‐ACP Least Developed Countries (LLDCs). Yet they fail to respond to ACP trade interests, and sit uneasily with the stated development aims of previous Lomé conventions. ACP non‐LLDC's will have to chose between negotiating ill‐defined Free Trade Agreements (FTA), or acceeding to the Generalised System of Preferences (GSP), markedly reducing access to EU markets. The costs ‐ in foreign exchange foregone and livelihoods destroyed ‐ could be considerable, as is shown by case studies of Zimbabwe, Ghana, and the Windward Islands. Summary recommendations are made, finally, as to how EU trade preferences for ACP countries might best meet the needs of the majority, including a ten year waiver, allowing scope to adjust to new competitive pressures and to begin diversification of export bases; and simplified access to EU markets for the LLDC's.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 47-71
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704292
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704292
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:47-71
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: Three steps forward, two steps back: ideology & urban ecology in South Africa
Abstract: Environmental discourse in South Africa has undergone dramatic change in the 1990s. Since the unbanning of the ANC and other anti‐apartheid organizations there has been an important re‐conceptualization of environmental issues and a rapid politicization of environmental debates. Organizations like the Environmental Justice Networking Forum (EJNF) have made the links between poverty and ecology an environmental priority in the country and important gains have been made on a wide range of environmental fronts. Environmental debates in South Africa have shifted from an historically racist and exclusionary discourse to one in which the definition of ‘the environment’ has expanded to include the working and living environments of black South Africans. This has had a profound impact on the way that environmental policy is prioritized and developed in the country and has contributed to a strong, and growing, environmental justice movement in the country. The first half of this article examines this shift in environmental discourse by looking briefly at the history of environmental debates in the country and at changes in environmental legislation and policy‐making procedures. The second half is a critical analysis of these environmental reforms ‐specifically as they relate to urban poverty. The delivery of basic services like sewerage and sanitation is arguably the single most important environmental concern in the country ‐ by virtue of the fact that it directly affects the largest number of people ‐ but it is unclear whether current urban upgrading initiatives are going to address this problem in an environmentally just and sustainable manner. It is argued that the interests of large scale capital and the propertied classes in South Africa continue to fundamentally shape ‐ and limit ‐ the environmental policy choices available to the ANC government. Environmental conditions in South African cities will gradually improve over the next five to ten years, but in a way that is intended to benefit urban capital and surreptitiously off‐loads the costs of urban upgrading onto the urban poor themselves.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 73-88
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704293
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:73-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Hearn
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hearn
Title: The ‘NGO‐isation’ of Kenyan society: USAID & the restructuring of health care
Abstract: One result of Africa's marginalisation in the world economy is the peculiarly important role that aid plays in the continent. Whilst Africa's share of international trade is an almost insignificant three per cent, it accounts for more than thirty per cent of the global aid business (Sunday Nation,5 May 1996). Aid policy, itself, is dominated by what has been described as the New Policy Agenda of neo‐liberalism and liberal democratic theory, which assigns NGOs a key role. This article examines how one influential donor in Kenya, USAID, has funded and promoted NGOs in the health sector, notably mission hospitals. The article questions claims for their comparative advantage, and illustrates the extent to which they have been integrated into a national health structure. It concludes by pointing out some of the long‐term consequences of such a donor‐sponsored ‘NGO‐isation’ of different spheres of African society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 89-100
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704294
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:89-100
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Moi's flawed mandate: the crisis continues in Kenya
Journal:
Pages: 101-111
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:101-111
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carole Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Carole
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Title: Congo/Ex‐Zaire: through the looking glass
Abstract: The last issue of ROAPE(No. 74) looked at the new DRC government's emerging economic policies. Here we give more detail on its reconstruction plans, erratic foreign investment policies and increasingly repressive efforts to counter growing domestic and external opposition ‐ all of these intensifying debate among Congolese civil society and potential foreign aid donors.
Journal:
Pages: 112-123
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:112-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: New Secretary‐general for the francophonie
Journal:
Pages: 123-124
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704297
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:123-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: The second national population census of Mozambique
Journal:
Pages: 124-132
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704298
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704298
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:124-132
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Cut backs in Japanese aid
Journal:
Pages: 132-133
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:132-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victor Tanner
Author-X-Name-First: Victor
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanner
Title: Liberia: railroading peace
Journal:
Pages: 133-147
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704300
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704300
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:133-147
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: An opportunity for Southern African women
Journal:
Pages: 148-149
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704301
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:148-149
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julius Nyerere
Author-X-Name-First: Julius
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyerere
Title: Africa today and tomorrow
Abstract: The following public lecture was given by Julius Nyerere, former President of the United Republic of Tanzania, to the London School of Economics, Centre for the Study of Global Governance0, on 8 June 1997.
Journal:
Pages: 149-152
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704302
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:149-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Markakis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Markakis
Author-Name: Deborah Potts
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Potts
Title: Book reviews
Journal:
Pages: 153-159
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704303
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704303
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:153-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: In the Shadow of Marriage: Gender and Justice in an African Communityby Anne M O Griffiths (1997), Chicago: University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-30875-8. Willing Migrants: Soninke Labor Diasporas, 1848-1960by Francois Manchuelle (1960), Ohio University Press/James Currey, ISBN 0-85255-756-6. Bridging the Rift: The New South Africa in Africaby Larry A Swatuk & David R Black (eds.) (1997), Westview Press, ISBN 0-8133-2752-0. Mending Rips in the Sky: Options for Somali Communities in the 21st Centuryby Hussein Adam & Richard Ford (eds.), (1997), Red Sea Press, ISBN 1-56902-074-4. Democracy in Africa: the Hard Road Ahead, by Marina Ottaway (ed.) (1997), SAIS African Studies Library, Lynne Reinner Publishers, ISBN 1-55587-312-X. Globalisation and the Postcolonial World: the New Political Economy of Developmentby Ankie Hoogvelt (1997), Macmillan, ISBN 0-333-46106. The Lie of the Land: Challenging Received Wisdom on the African Environmentby Melissa Leach, Melissa & Robin Mearns (eds.) (1996), The International African Institute, James Currey/Heinemann, ISBN 0-85255-410-9.
Journal:
Pages: 159-162
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704304
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:159-162
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 163-163
Issue: 75
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704305
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:75:p:163-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704409
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Editorial: North Africa in Africa
Journal:
Pages: 435-439
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704410
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704410
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:435-439
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen Pfeifer
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Pfeifer
Title: Parameters of economic reform in North Africa
Abstract: The debates over the successes and limitations of structural adjustment in North Africa swirl around how to understand the institutional framework supporting economic activity in the non‐western world. To what extent are the investment roles for state leadership and for private enterprise, especially for export, a substitute for or complementary in the contemporary development process? How far should privatisation go? For example, should natural monopolies like telecommunications or strategic sectors like phosphate and oil production be sold off?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 441-454
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704411
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:441-454
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timothy Mitchell
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell
Title: No factories, no problems: the logic of neo‐liberalism in Egypt
Abstract: Neo‐liberalism is a success of the political imagination. Its achievement is a double one. It makes the window of political debate uncommonly narrow and at the same time promises from this window a prospect without limits. On the one hand it frames public discussion within the elliptic language of neo‐classical economics. The condition of the nation and its collective well being are pictured only in terms of how it is adjusted in gross to the discipline of monetary and fiscal balance sheets. On the other, neglecting the actual concerns of any concrete local or collective community, it encourages the most exuberant dreams of private accumulation — and a chaotic reallocation of collective resources.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 455-468
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704412
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704412
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:455-468
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hassan Zaoual
Author-X-Name-First: Hassan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaoual
Title: The Maghreb experience: a challenge to the rational myths of economics
Abstract: Colonial domination gave way to ‘development through regulation’ which received support from the Third World elites. Historically, the elites of the South have usually imported everything, including the explanation for the problems of their own societies: ‘from the discourse (keys in head), to the factory (keys in hand)’. In economic development circles, the Third World elites play the role of sterile classes without the capacity to create ‘development’. On the world economic scene, the development industry has concentrated conceptual ability and innovatory capacity in the countries transmitting development, while the sterile classes head what are essentially rentiereconomies (Philippe Hugon, 1994). Development, despite its impressive array of macro models, all too often turns out to be merely a source of profit for the closed club of the great economic powers of the world. But this relationship cannot be maintained without flourishing markets for primary commodities (for example, oil), external assistance, geopolitical rents, demographic pressures that can be kept within the redistribution capacity of rents, industrial sub‐contracting by transnationals (when this is feasible), and so on. If one or more of these conditions change, inevitably there is instability, if not explosions of all kinds. In fact, the results have been disastrous everywhere, except for the Asian development experiences whose successes have however been vitiated by the recent stock exchange crashes. This has challenged both the usual theory and practice of thinking and acting as far as North/South relationships are concerned — as evinced by recent international events. The changes that are taking place, however, cannot be understood with the conceptual paradigms of yesterday. This ‘interpretation powerlessness’ can today be seen in the various geographical regions of the world. Examples are the Arab world, that ‘decadent old merchant’, and sub‐Saharan Africa, which is being massacred by ‘ethnic’ conflicts and endless external interventions. For these areas, it is all too clear that development is above all a source of profit for the capitalist economies of the North.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 469-478
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704413
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704413
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:469-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Lloyd
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd
Title: Organising across borders: Algerian women's associations in a period of conflict
Abstract: In Muslim contexts of modernity, women's corporal visibility and citizenship rights constitute the political stakes around which the public sphere is defined. Women's visibility, women's mobility and women's voices are central in shaping the boundaries of the public sphere(Gole, 1997:61). This article examines the consequences for political organisation of Algeria's sustained and bloody conflict. Women's right to public action has been fundamentally challenged in this virtual civil war, and they have been at the forefront of resistance to violence, in different forms of political action and at different levels of society. Religious fundamentalism raises important questions about the nature of the politicaland how it occupies public space, and behaviour in the household (particularly that of women) has become a matter of public struggle. Resistance to or organising against fundamentalism and violence in turn enters a debate about political rights. For these reasons, Algerian women's organisations probably present the most diverse aspects of Algerian associational life. Their experience has wide relevance because it is shared by women in other situations where religious fundamentalism combines with a patriarchal system to oppress them (Helie‐Lucas, 1993).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 479-490
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704414
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704414
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:479-490
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: David vs. Goliath: genetics & the new millennium
Journal:
Pages: 491-494
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704415
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:491-494
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Western Sahara at the turn of the millennium
Journal:
Pages: 495-503
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704416
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:495-503
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Coffee crunch
Journal:
Pages: 503-508
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704417
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:503-508
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ibrahim Elnur
Author-X-Name-First: Ibrahim
Author-X-Name-Last: Elnur
Title: Alternative development policies for Sudan
Journal:
Pages: 508-512
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:508-512
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Tributes to Mwalimu Julius Nyerere
Abstract: As we were going to press with ROAPE No. 81, we learned of the death of Julius Nyerere. In this issue we continue the tributes that continue to come in. Tanzania's first President Mwalimu Julius Nyerere died on 14 October 1999 in a London hospital after suffering from the blood cancer disease leukaemia. In this special report NEWSLINK AFRICAs Managing Editor Shamlal Puri a Tanzanian, and special correspondent Michael Mundia pay tribute to the leader described as the Mahatama Gandhi of Africa.
Journal:
Pages: 512-516
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:512-516
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hashim Ismail
Author-X-Name-First: Hashim
Author-X-Name-Last: Ismail
Title: Nyerere: a tribute to a statesman
Journal:
Pages: 516-518
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:516-518
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: He ‘carried the torch that liberated Africa’
Abstract: Julius Nyerere was the patron of SARDC. The following appeared on 14 October in both their newsletter and on their website. Thanks to SARDC for permission to reprint.
Journal:
Pages: 518-519
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704421
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704421
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:518-519
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mwalimu Julius Nyerere
Author-X-Name-First: Mwalimu Julius
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyerere
Title: Address to members of parliament
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 519-524
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704422
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704422
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:519-524
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Born again: the African renaissance in London
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 524-526
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704423
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704423
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:524-526
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Université du littoral côte d'opale colloque international sur “citoyenneté, coopération décentralisée et développement des territoires”
Journal:
Pages: 527-528
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704424
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:527-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Moore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Author-Name: Sarah Hughes
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Hughes
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: Review Of African Christianity — Its Public Role(1998) by Paul Gifford, Hurst and Co. Review of Global Restructuring and Peripheral States: the Carrot and the Stick in Mauritania(1996) by Mohameden Ould‐Mey. Littlefield Adams Books, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham, Maryland, pb. ISBN 0–8226–3051. pp. xvii, 316.
Journal:
Pages: 529-537
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704425
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704425
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:529-537
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Comprehending and Mastering African Conflicts: the Search for Sustainable Peace and Good Governance(1999), edited by Adebayo Adedeji, Zed Books in Association with the Africa Centre for Development and Strategic Studies. Marxist Modern: An Ethnographic History of the Ethiopian Revolution (1999), by Donald L Donham, University of California Press, James Currey. Transnational Social Policies: the New Development Challenges of Globalisation (1999), edited by Daniel Morales-Gomez, Earthscan, London. Regionalisation in Africa: Integration and Disintegration (1999), edited by Daniel C Bach, James Currey, Indiana University Press.
Journal:
Pages: 537-539
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704426
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704426
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:537-539
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 539-540
Issue: 82
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704427
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704427
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:82:p:539-540
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Not quite post-political
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 171-181
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1649355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1649355
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:171-181
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clare Smedley
Author-X-Name-First: Clare
Author-X-Name-Last: Smedley
Title: Ruth First Prize
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 182-183
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1660107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1660107
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:182-183
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pascal Bianchini
Author-X-Name-First: Pascal
Author-X-Name-Last: Bianchini
Title: The 1968 years: revolutionary politics in Senegal
Abstract:
In tune with the atmosphere of the ‘global 60s’, Senegal experienced a major political crisis in May 1968 that began with a student strike, followed by the workers in a general strike. May ‘68 in Senegal was both global and local, and these aspects are not in opposition as has sometimes been the case in political and academic debates. The article goes beyond the events themselves and attempts to shed light on a period of ‘revolutionary politics’ that was triggered by the revolt of 1968. This has scarcely been documented, but has had a real influence on contemporary Senegalese politics.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 184-203
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1631150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1631150
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:184-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Elischer
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Elischer
Title: Trade union mobilisation and democratic institutionalisation in the Republic of Niger
Abstract:
The article examines the effect of union mobilisation on democratisation in the Republic of Niger between 1990 and 2010. It focuses on the Union des syndicats des travailleurs du Niger (USTN), a legacy umbrella union for public sector workers. The effect of union mobilisation on democratisation is not clear-cut. In both 1990 and 1999 union mobilisation was a necessary condition for democratisation. However, union mobilisation inadvertently contributed to the delegitimisation of democratically elected leaders. Between 2000 and 2010 the USTN lost its former strength and the Nigerien government was in a better position to accommodate union demands. As a result, the trade union movement lost its ability to shape the political arena.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 204-222
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1605588
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1605588
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:204-222
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Bowman
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowman
Title: Black economic empowerment policy and state–business relations in South Africa: the case of mining
Abstract:
The article analyses contestation of black economic empowerment ownership transfer policies in South Africa’s mining industry. Using case study material from platinum, the article examines the transition between the first Mining Charter of 2004 and the third Mining Charter of 2018. It argues that the inherent fragilities of this financialised redistribution mechanism have generated poor redistributive outcomes and achieved limited progress in the formation of a black capitalist class aligning political and economic power. This has contributed to increased factional and ideological contestation over the pace and method of economic transformation, and a deterioration in relations between the state and big business in mining.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 223-245
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1605587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1605587
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:223-245
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paddington Mutekwe
Author-X-Name-First: Paddington
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutekwe
Title: Resistance and repression in Zimbabwe: a case study of Zimplats mine workers
Abstract:
This article contends that contemporary resistance in the mining sector in Zimbabwe is grounded in everyday acts of resistance and is directed towards power relationships exercised at work. Overt forms of resistance have been waning in Zimbabwe because of various pieces of draconian legislation, and subterranean forms of resistance have been gaining traction and deserve to be studied. Drawing on in-depth interviews and participant observations at Zimplats, the article employs Scott’s concept of the ‘weapons of the weak’, which posits that covert forms of resistance are favourable when open and collective resistance seems dangerous, as a means to understand some of the current dynamics of worker struggles in Zimbabwe.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 246-260
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1557041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1557041
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:246-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tefera Negash Gebregziabher
Author-X-Name-First: Tefera Negash
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebregziabher
Title: Soldiers in business: the pitfalls of METEC’s projects in the context of Ethiopia’s civil–military relations
Abstract:
This article critically chronicles the ascendancy and apparent decline of a business conglomerate, Metals and Engineering Corporation (METEC), in post-1991 Ethiopia. Informed by ‘developmental state’ ideology, the political elites managed to create METEC, entrusting it to the military for their use in leading the industrialisation of the country. With a sober analysis of the conglomerate’s engagement in mega-projects in the context of civil–military relations, this article shows that the ‘developmental role’ of METEC has been characterised by extreme delays in projects, with symptoms of financial embezzlement which have led the party-state to reconsider the military’s role in the economy. The article relies primarily on documents, informal discussions and media content analysis.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 261-278
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1613222
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1613222
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:261-278
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanja R. Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Title: Borders and boundaries in the state-making of Eritrea: revisiting the importance of territorial integrity in the rapprochement between Eritrea and Ethiopia
Abstract:
In this article, the author analyses Eritrean state-making and its foreign policy as driven by the quest for territorial integrity. The article first demonstrates the importance of creating a territorial nation-state for Eritrean nationalism. It subsequently provides an interpretation of Eritrean foreign policy through the lens of the importance of territorial integrity. The article then reflects on how this has underpinned the recent rapprochement between Eritrea and Ethiopia. It ends with some thoughts on what these developments might mean for the future of Eritrea and the wider geopolitical environment of the Horn.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 279-293
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1605590
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1605590
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:279-293
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Bernards
Author-X-Name-First: Nick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernards
Title: Placing African labour in global capitalism: the politics of irregular work
Abstract:
This contribution to ROAPE’s ongoing debate on ‘Capitalism in Africa’ highlights the politically contested relationships between irregular forms of work predominant in sub-Saharan Africa and global capitalism. Previous contributions to this debate have rightly pointed out that abstracted understandings of ‘capitalism’ assuming the ever-wider spread of proletarian labour are problematic in African contexts dominated by irregular forms of work. This piece argues, however, that this should be a prompt for us to consider how African labour relations require us to alter our understandings of ‘capitalism’, rather than debating whether or not African political economies are capitalist.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 294-303
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1639496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1639496
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:294-303
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moses Khisa
Author-X-Name-First: Moses
Author-X-Name-Last: Khisa
Title: Whose Africa is rising?
Abstract:
This briefing revisits the ‘Africa rising’ narrative. It makes two arguments. First, the ‘Africa rising’ narrative at best sits on a shaky foundation. African economies may have registered modest growth in recent years but the growth is either superficial or not happening in the sectors that matter the most. Second, the rather rosy picture of a rising Africa masks the continent’s continued marginal position in the global capitalist structures of power, domination and exploitation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 304-316
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1605589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1605589
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:304-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tamás Gerőcs
Author-X-Name-First: Tamás
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerőcs
Title: The transformation of African–Russian economic relations in the multipolar world-system
Abstract:
Despite the historical legacy of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation’s economic presence in Africa today is minuscule in comparison to that of the West or China. The aim of this Briefing is to provide a framework for the trajectory of African–Russian economic ties in the changing international environment. Although the economic, trade and investment affairs could develop more complementarity, it is still an open question whether African countries benefit from the deepening economic ties or whether these inhibit local socio-economic development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 317-335
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1635442
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1635442
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:317-335
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Adibe
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond
Author-X-Name-Last: Adibe
Author-Name: Chikodiri Nwangwu
Author-X-Name-First: Chikodiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwangwu
Author-Name: Gerald E. Ezirim
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezirim
Author-Name: Nnamdi Egonu
Author-X-Name-First: Nnamdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Egonu
Title: Energy hegemony and maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea: rethinking the regional trans-border cooperation approach
Abstract:
This Briefing argues that Nigeria’s hegemony over energy trade in the Gulf of Guinea maritime domain makes other states’ political commitment to regional trans-border frameworks difficult. It finds that the contradictions of rentier oil governance in Nigeria have implications for the rise in maritime insecurity in the Gulf of Guinea.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 336-346
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1484350
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1484350
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:336-346
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carin Runciman
Author-X-Name-First: Carin
Author-X-Name-Last: Runciman
Title: Rolling back the right to strike: amendments to South Africa’s Labour Relations Act and their implications for working-class struggle
Abstract:
The South African National Assembly recently passed amendments to the Labour Relations Act which will roll back the right to strike. This briefing will analyse the amendments, their implications and what they tell us about the state of the labour movement, the possibilities for trade union revival and the state working-class struggle in South Africa today.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 347-356
Issue: 160
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1641478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1641478
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:160:p:347-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pnina Werbner
Author-X-Name-First: Pnina
Author-X-Name-Last: Werbner
Title: Rethinking class and culture in Africa: between E. P. Thompson and Pierre Bourdieu
Abstract:
The article considers the historiography of labour and class studies in sub-Saharan Africa in relation to the contemporary ‘cultural turn’ in sociological studies of class. It identifies three phases: from the 1960s, a highly empiricist Marxist approach which drew on Fanon’s notion of an aristocracy of labour; from the 1980s, a shift to a stress on culture, agency and identity, following E. P. Thompson; the final move has focused on the African middle classes, drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of consumption. Research on a public sector manual workers’ union in Botswana exemplifies, the author argues, the Thompsonian approach.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-24
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1367655
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1367655
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:7-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Horman Chitonge
Author-X-Name-First: Horman
Author-X-Name-Last: Chitonge
Title: Capitalism in Africa: mutating capitalist relations and social formations
Abstract:
This debate examines the question of whether African societies are capitalist or not. The debate is currently taking place on the ROAPE website (www.roape.net), addressing the question of whether African societies have persistently managed to elude the irresistible forces of capitalism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 158-167
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1372280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1372280
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:158-167
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isaac Abotebuno Akolgo
Author-X-Name-First: Isaac Abotebuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Akolgo
Title: Afro-euphoria: is Ghana’s economy an exception to the growth paradox?
Abstract:
The result of Ghana's 2016 presidential election was evidence of previously perceived governance failure and ‘suffering’ among the populace. This Briefing assesses the extent to which that contradicts the euphoria surrounding growing African economies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 146-157
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1389716
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1389716
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:146-157
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cemal Burak Tansel
Author-X-Name-First: Cemal Burak
Author-X-Name-Last: Tansel
Author-Name: Brecht De Smet
Author-X-Name-First: Brecht
Author-X-Name-Last: De Smet
Title: Introduction: revolution and counter-revolution in Egypt
Abstract:
This introduction to the ROAPE debate reasserts the centrality of revolutionary theory to understand the dynamics of social and political struggles in contemporary Middle East and North Africa. Framed around the conceptual and political interventions brought about by Brecht De Smet’s Gramsci on Tahrir (2016), we discuss the utility of Gramscian concepts in explaining the trajectories of social mobilisations in the peripheries of global capitalism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 85-90
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391764
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391764
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:85-90
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Author-Name: Sameh Naguib
Author-X-Name-First: Sameh
Author-X-Name-Last: Naguib
Title: Behind every Caesar a new one? Reflections on revolution and counter-revolution in Egypt in response to Gramsci on Tahrir
Abstract:
Focusing on the political ramifications of the concepts and historical analysis deployed in Gramsci on Tahrir (De Smet 2016), Anne Alexander and Sameh Naguib challenge Brecht De Smet’s reading of the development of capitalism and the 2011 revolution in Egypt through the lens of Caesarism, offering an alternative perspective on how the theory of permanent revolution can be applied in the Egyptian case as a tool for understanding why a revolution erupted in 2011 and why it took the course it did.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 91-103
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391765
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391765
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:91-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Roccu
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Roccu
Title: Again on the revolutionary subject: problematising class and subalternity in Gramsci on Tahrir
Abstract:
Roberto Roccu’s intervention provides a detailed reading of the concepts of subalternity, common sense and passive revolution as employed in Gramsci on Tahrir. Roccu calls for a more sustained and careful reading of how ‘subaltern agency’ is invoked and performed in revolutionary upheavals.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 104-114
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391766
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:104-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cemal Burak Tansel
Author-X-Name-First: Cemal Burak
Author-X-Name-Last: Tansel
Title: Passive revolutions and the dynamics of social change in the peripheries
Abstract:
Tansel’s contribution to the debate dissects the concept of passive revolution and highlights the significance of understanding passive revolutions as concrete historical episodes of mobilisation and state formation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 115-124
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391767
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391767
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:115-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Salem
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Salem
Title: Critical interventions in debates on the Arab revolutions: centring class
Abstract:
Salem contrasts De Smet’s contribution to the debates on revolution and counter-revolution in Egypt with other important materialist readings of the uprisings. Echoing the centrality of class analysis employed in Gramsci on Tahrir, Salem challenges De Smet’s reading of the Nasserist period and situates Nasserism within a broader pattern of coeval political struggles in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 125-134
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391768
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:125-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brecht De Smet
Author-X-Name-First: Brecht
Author-X-Name-Last: De Smet
Title: Rejoinder: reading Tahrir in Gramsci
Abstract:
De Smet’s rejoinder to the ROAPE debate addresses the conceptual, analytical and historical questions posed by the contributors.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 135-145
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391769
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:135-145
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Loes Debuysere
Author-X-Name-First: Loes
Author-X-Name-Last: Debuysere
Title: Between feminism and unionism: the struggle for socio-economic dignity of working-class women in pre- and post-uprising Tunisia
Abstract:
Generally seen as a pawn in the identity struggle between so-called secular and Islamist political actors, the women's question in Tunisia has received little attention from a class perspective since the 2010–11 uprising. Yet, over recent years, working-class women have been highly visible during protests, strikes and sit-ins of a socio-economic nature, implicitly illustrating how class and gender grievances intersect. Against the background of the global feminisation of poverty and a changing political economy of the North African region over recent decades, this article builds on Nancy Fraser's theory of (gender) justice to understand if and how women's informal and revolutionary demands have been included in more formal politics and civil society activism in Tunisia. The article finds that disassociated struggles against patriarchy (feminism) and neoliberal capitalism (unionism) fail to efficiently represent women workers’ own aspirations in Tunisia's nascent democracy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 25-43
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391770
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391770
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:25-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Freund
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Title: Taken for a ride: grounding neoliberalism, precarious labour and public transport in an African metropolis
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 176-179
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1412176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1412176
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:176-179
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lorenzo Feltrin
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Feltrin
Title: The struggles of precarious youth in Tunisia: the case of the Kerkennah movement
Abstract:
This article analyses the origins and the dynamics of the social movement against the energy corporation Petrofac that took place in the Tunisian archipelago of Kerkennah between 2011 and 2016. The Kerkennah movement is seen as part of a broader cycle of mobilisations for social justice that started in 2008 and continues to the present day. The main subjects of these mobilisations are young people lacking sources of regular income and their core demands are secure employment and local development. It is argued that communal solidarities were key in compensating for the lack of occupational cohesion among the protesters.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 44-63
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1416460
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1416460
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:44-63
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arndt Hopfmann
Author-X-Name-First: Arndt
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopfmann
Title: The Russian Revolution and the development challenge – Part II: the Russian Revolution and the mantra of developmentalism
Abstract:
100 years after the Great Russian Revolution it is time to evaluate the impact of this epoch-making event on the politics and development of the Global South. Part I, published in the December 2017 issue of ROAPE, provided deliberations on historical and geo-political aspects of the Revolution. Part II deals with some of its influences on development theory.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 168-175
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1440841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1440841
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:168-175
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Max Ajl
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajl
Title: Delinking, food sovereignty, and populist agronomy: notes on an intellectual history of the peasant path in the global South
Abstract:
The article examines the weakness of discourses around food sovereignty in Southwest Asia and North Africa, and examines some older currents resembling the food sovereignty discourse. The author first historically situates the emergence of food sovereignty. He discusses agro-ecology – the ‘technics’ (or social embeddedness of technology) of food sovereignty – and its national-popular content, before then developing elements of the delinking paradigm. He goes on to discuss Tunisian national-popular and Third Worldist agronomists’ and economists’ efforts to develop technics and frameworks for food sovereignty in the 1970s and 1980s. The article compares the food sovereignty paradigm with auto-centred, self-reliant development proposals, and the proposals of the Tunisian economists and agronomists.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 64-84
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1443437
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1443437
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:64-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: On filling voids
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-6
Issue: 155
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1467429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1467429
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:155:p:1-6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704341
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704341
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anita Franklin
Author-X-Name-First: Anita
Author-X-Name-Last: Franklin
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Whose news? Control of the media in Africa
Journal:
Pages: 545-550
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704342
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704342
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:545-550
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Barnett
Author-X-Name-First: Clive
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnett
Title: The contradictions of broadcasting reform in post‐apartheid South Africa
Abstract: This article examines the process of mass media reform in South Africa during the 1990s, with particular reference to broadcasting. It identifies tensions between the attempt to restructure broadcasting as a public sphere capable of supporting national unification and democratisation, the existence of socioeconomic differentiation and cultural diversity at sub‐national scales and the pressures which impinge upon the broadcasting sector as a result of policies aimed at internationalising the South African economy. The formulation of broadcasting policy between 1990 and 1995 is reviewed, and the changes that have taken place during the implementation of restructuring and re‐regulation from 1996 to 1998 are critically assessed. The article concludes that the intensified commercialisation of broadcasting is at odds with political objectives of transforming the mass media into a public sphere supportive of a diverse and independent civil society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 551-570
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704343
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:551-570
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Paterson
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Paterson
Title: Reform or re‐colonisation? the overhaul of African television
Abstract: The African television broadcasting sector is undergoing a rapid and long awaited process of liberalisation. This article examines key aspects of that process with geographic focus on sub‐Saharan Africa. Specifically addressed are what has recently changed, and more crucially, not changed, in the politically charged arena of television newscasting. Throughout the continent broadcasters, whether privately or publicly financed, are finding a wide variety of creative solutions to technological and economic challenges as they rush to cultivate an audience among the urban middle class. But the rapid shift from public to frequently foreign private ownership of television may be symptomatic of a broader re‐colonisation of Africa by US and European multinationals that has been euphemistically heralded as Africa's Renaissance.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 571-583
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704344
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:571-583
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amadu Khan
Author-X-Name-First: Amadu
Author-X-Name-Last: Khan
Title: Journalism & armed conflict in Africa: the civil war in Sierra Leone
Abstract: Unusually for discussions of the press in West Africa, this article is written by a journalist‐academic, who for a large part of 1990s worked for the Sierra Leonenan human rights newspaper For Di People,reporting on and analysing the civil war in Sierra Leone. Drawing on his experience, he sets out in detail the nature of accusations of bias against the local and foreign media in Sierra Leone, accusations made not only by interested parties, but also by a wide range of readers or listeners, and which have been seen as materially affecting the course of the war and attempts at mediation and peace‐making. A variety of reasons for vulnerability to such accusations are then examined, including the exigencies of war reporting, journalistic practice in Sierra Leone, the political economy of the press, and the problems created both by harsh government restrictions on press freedom and the media's response to them. The article argues that while there are instances of overt and calculated bias in reporting of the civil war, it is very difficult to draw a clear distinction between ‘intended’ and ‘unintended’ bias.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 585-597
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704345
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:585-597
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guy Berger
Author-X-Name-First: Guy
Author-X-Name-Last: Berger
Title: Media & democracy in Southern Africa
Abstract: A Southern view of media and democracy can benefit from the insights produced by theories of media and development. These highlight critical political questions on the reach of media, its content, state control, alternative media, journalists and public participation, and ultimately the impact of the media. The same theories can also give insight into the understanding of the media and the ‘public sphere’ in the South, and their place in southern democracy. In the end, the question of democracy and media in the South also needs to be understood in relation to democracy and media in global terms.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 599-610
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704346
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:599-610
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niranjan Karnik
Author-X-Name-First: Niranjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Karnik
Title: Rwanda & the media: imagery, war & refuge
Abstract: This article critically examines The New York Timesphotojournalistic coverage of Rwanda from 1989 through the events of 1994. It shows which stories were left out (French/South African arms sales, Belgian colonial heritage, and World Bank/IMF interventions) and which errors were retained (tribalism as causation, dark continent/exoticisation theories). The images that the media projected to the United States public show the multiple ways in which agency remains unproblematised especially with regard to gender and stigmatisation. Through these images, the rhetorics of journalism frame much of our understanding of global events and consequently our responses to them. Finally, this article ends by making an argument for using critical social theories to engage the media and politicians for change.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 611-623
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704347
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:611-623
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ernest Harsch
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest
Author-X-Name-Last: Harsch
Title: Burkina Faso in the winds of liberalisation
Abstract: A decade after the end of Burkina Faso's ‘democratic and popular revolution’, the Sahelian country has graduated to the top ranks of the World Bank's select class of model reformers. The regime of President Blaise Compaoré is frequently praised not only for its pursuit of economic liberalisation, but also its seeming commitment to the donor institutions’ current assortment of favoured notions: multiparty democracy, good governance and human development. But beyond such facile external perceptions, the daily reality in one of the continent's most underdeveloped countries is far more complex, with an impoverished populace ill‐disposed to the traumatic imposition of market dominance and a political elite unsure of how far it can open up without weakening effective control.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 625-641
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704348
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704348
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:625-641
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: Bonnie Campbell
Author-X-Name-First: Bonnie
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell
Title: Radicalism, relevance & the future of
Journal:
Pages: 643-648
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704349
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704349
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:643-648
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Mendy
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendy
Title: The national institute of studies & research of Guinea‐Bissau endangered by war/O Institituto nacional de estudos e pesquisa da guine‐bissau posto em perigo pela guerra
Journal:
Pages: 649-651
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704350
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704350
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:649-651
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Greed or need? Genetically modified crops
Journal:
Pages: 651-653
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704351
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704351
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:651-653
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia McFadden
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: McFadden
Title: Examining myths of a democratic media
Abstract: The following is taken from a presentation by Patricia McFadden, a feminist activist who is working in Harare, Zimbabwe. She presented it during a seminar on ‘Women and the Media in Africa’, hosted by Nisaa and Lola‐Press in November 1997 in Johannesburg, South Africa. McFadden was born in Swaziland 46 years ago and works mainly in the Southern African region, teaching, training and doing feminist advocacy. The presentation has been shortened and edited for publication (reprinted courtesy of SAPEM, Harare).
Journal:
Pages: 653-657
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704352
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:653-657
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Acheampong
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Acheampong
Title: The Africa centre in London
Abstract: In the thirty years or so since independence, says Dr. Adotey Bing, Africa has chalked up some impressive advances in literacy, education, the output of raw materials, science and technology, and enlightened social policy. And it has had some notable achievements in the artistic, intellectual and sporting fields. Despite this, he bemoans the fact that the rest of the world tends to ignore the continent or to focus almost exclusively on the negative aspects. Africa persistently suffers from an unfavourable media profile, he acknowledges, portrayed as a place wracked by political crisis, endemic corruption, social disintegration and self‐induced penury.
Journal:
Pages: 657-659
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704353
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704353
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:657-659
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: Yemen & Eritrea: friends once more?
Journal:
Pages: 659-661
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704354
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:659-661
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 662-664
Issue: 78
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704355
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:78:p:662-664
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704393
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Julius Kambarage Nyerere
Journal:
Pages: 315-316
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704394
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:315-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Editorial: ending endemic violence: limits to conflict resolution in Africa
Journal:
Pages: 317-322
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704395
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:317-322
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Clean‐ups, conditionality & adjustment: why institutions matter in Mozambique
Abstract: This article critically evaluates the nature of administrative reform in the context of conditionality and structural adjustment. Structural adjustment programmes constitute the broader environment and prioritisations within which donors and creditors support institutional reform. This raises the questions concerning the ownership and purpose of reform, especially if one bears in mind the substantial inequality of power between individual severely‐indebted states and multilateral creditors which enjoy the alignment of many bilateral donors behind their prognoses. One can identify some of the contradictions that this relationship produces through an examination of Mozambique's experience with donors in respect to corruption and anti‐corruption strategies. Here, corruption constitutes part of the politics of adjustment, and the reforms which are to tackle it have to work on an institutional terrain which has already been subjected to the disintegrative effects of a decade of adjustment and minimally‐controlled donor influence. All of this renders the idea — often at the base of much donor thinking concerning reform — of a stable and enlightened leadership motivated to implement rational/technical reform throughout government at best a simplification and at worst a misrepresentation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 323-333
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704396
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:323-333
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Aning
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Aning
Title: Eliciting compliance from Warlords: the ECOWAS experience in Liberia, 1990–1997
Abstract: This article examines the strategies initiated by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to elicit compliance with its disarmament policies from belligerents in Liberia's 1989–96 civil conflict. I propose to tackle the task within a linked and holistic four‐fold approach. First, I situate ECOWAS's intervention in Liberia from 1990 to 1997 within the changing context of international perceptions of multilateral organisation involvement in civil wars. ECOWAS's intervention had different diplomatic phases. The first phase under the Standing Mediation Committee lasted from May 1990‐June 1991, The Committee of Five Process from June 1991‐August 1992, and the Committee of Nine Process from September 1993‐July 1997. Second, I analyse the background for the collapse and the dynamics which fuelled the war in Liberia. Third, I make an empirical analysis of ECOWAS's strategies to elicit compliance from faction groups. I conclude by discussing the impact and lessons of ECOWAS's strategies in Liberia. My argument is that ECOWAS's capability to elicit compliance from faction groups as opposed to state actors was limited partly because ECOWAS was not geared towards dealing with these new kinds of actors, that the nature of international relations does not have ‘room’ to consider the interests and demands presented by such actors, and that the normal forms of sanctions and ‘corrective’ measures applied against states in interstate relations are not always effective when applied to faction groups.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-348
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704397
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:335-348
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jimmy Kandeh
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy
Author-X-Name-Last: Kandeh
Title: Ransoming the state: elite origins of Subaltern terror in Sierra Leone
Abstract: Elite practices that valorised pillage, massified society, banalised violence and ‘sobelised’ the army are central to understanding the tragedy of subaltern terror in Sierra Leone. The appropriation of lumpen violence and thuggery by the political class undermined security and paved the way for the political ascendancy of armed marginals. By heavily recruiting thugs, criminals and rural drifters into national security apparatuses, incumbent political elites sowed the seeds of their own political demise as well as that of the state. Socially uprooted and politically alienated, lumpenised youth are inherently prone to criminal adventurism and when enlisted in the army are more likely to become ‘sobels’ or renegade soldiers. This article situates the transformation of praetorian violence from a tool of political domination to a means of criminal expropriation in the engendering context of elite parasitism and repression.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 349-366
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704398
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:349-366
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Warfare, endemic violence & state collapse in Africa
Abstract: African politics in the nineties have been marked by a series of violent breakdowns of order, and in some cases the disappearance of the central state, in a large number of states. Attempts at the analysis of this phenomenon have involved several different but complementary approaches, notably those invoking globalisation, the economics of ‘new’ war, the crisis of the neopatrimonial state, or social and cultural factors as keys to explanation. These either confine themselves to case studies, or treat all instances of endemic violence as open to the same analysis, in part because they treat violence or warfare as themselves the central objects of analysis. An alternative approach does not see ‘war’ as the problem, but is instead concerned with the historical circumstances within which endemic violence occurs and which can be seen as possible causes of that violence. This approach allows for the simultaneous existence of several different historical sequences involving war and violence, and identifies one key category of cases of endemic violence which covers the great majority of those cases in the nineties: violence associated with the process of state collapse in Africa. It attributes the origins of violence in these cases to the degeneration of their ‘spoils politics’ systems under the impact of their internal dynamics, accelerated by economic decline since 1980 and the end of the Cold War. As spoils systems develop into ‘terminal spoils’, so violence intensifies and takes on new but necessary forms, and a process of state collapse begins, interacting with the growth of violence in ways that accelerate both.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 367-384
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704399
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704399
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:367-384
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Herdt
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Herdt
Author-Name: Stefaan Marysse
Author-X-Name-First: Stefaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Marysse
Title: The reinvention of the market from below: the end of the women's money changing monopoly in Kinshasa
Journal:
Pages: 385-386
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704400
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704400
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:385-386
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Baylies
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Baylies
Title: International partnership in the fight against aids: addressing need and redressing injustice?
Journal:
Pages: 387-414
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704401
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:387-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ernest Harsch
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest
Author-X-Name-Last: Harsch
Title: Trop, ćest trop! Civil insurgence in Burkina Faso, 1998–99
Journal:
Pages: 395-406
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704402
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704402
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:395-406
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Conflict resolution in a ‘non-conflict situation’: tension & reconciliation in Mecúfi, Northern Mozambique
Journal:
Pages: 407-414
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704403
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704403
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:407-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: The prevention and eradication of violence against women and children
Journal:
Pages: 415-417
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704404
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704404
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:415-417
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Implementing the HIPC initiative: sharing experiences Marlborough House, London 2–3 August 1999
Abstract: The Commonwealth Secretariat convened a high-level meeting on 2–3 August 1999, to exchange ideas and experiences on the issues central to reform of the HIPC Initiative, launched in September 1996. The meeting also reviewed the proposals of the Cologne Debt Initiative, launched in June 1999 by the G8 industrialised countries, which in turn aims to secure deeper, broader and faster debt relief with major changes to the HIPC Initiative. The meeting was attended by High Commissioners and senior government officials from Commonwealth HIPC countries, and representatives of civil society, the academic community, religious groups, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and the press.
Journal:
Pages: 417-419
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704405
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:417-419
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carole Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Carole
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Title: ‘Break the chains of debt!’ international jubilee 2000 campaign demands deeper debt relief
Journal:
Pages: 419-422
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704406
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704406
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:419-422
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Elections diary
Journal:
Pages: 423-424
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704407
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:423-424
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 425-425
Issue: 81
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704408
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704408
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:81:p:425-425
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilias Alami
Author-X-Name-First: Ilias
Author-X-Name-Last: Alami
Title: Capital accumulation and capital controls in South Africa: a class perspective
Abstract:
The article analyses capital controls (CC) in South Africa in light of the historically and geographically specific social relations of production. It highlights the role that CC have historically played in reproducing particular forms of capital accumulation, and sheds light on the CC currently implemented by the state. The analysis draws upon quantitative data from the national accounts, descriptive data on CC from policy documents, and interviews conducted during a period of extensive fieldwork. The article makes three main arguments. First, CC have played a key role in facilitating the reproduction of essential capitalist social forms, namely the state and money, and have been instrumental in the management of class relations. Second, the concrete forms that CC have taken are inseparable from the historical-geographical specificity of accumulation and the uneven unfolding of crises and social class struggles. Third, working classes have had an active (though indirect) role in shaping CC policies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 223-249
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1389715
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1389715
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:223-249
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Adibe
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond
Author-X-Name-Last: Adibe
Author-Name: Ejikeme Nwagwu
Author-X-Name-First: Ejikeme
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwagwu
Author-Name: Okorie Albert
Author-X-Name-First: Okorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Albert
Title: Rentierism and security privatisation in the Nigerian petroleum industry: assessment of oil pipeline surveillance and protection contracts
Abstract:
This briefing examines rentierism and security privatisation in the Nigerian petroleum industry. It demonstrates how the awarding of oil pipeline surveillance and protection contracts, with little attention to organisational capacity of applicant companies, resulted in widespread discontent among militias and groups not recognised or rewarded by a contract. These groups then intensified attacks on oil infrastructures in the post-amnesty era. The authors' findings endorse the government's 2015 decision to terminate the contracts, while they recommend transparent and democratic management of oil wealth as a long-term solution to human insecurity in the Niger Delta.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 345-353
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1391771
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1391771
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:345-353
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Masondo
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Masondo
Title: South African business nanny state: the case of the automotive industrial policy post-apartheid, 1995–2010
Abstract:
The automotive industry is used as a case study to examine why the attempts by the post-apartheid state to channel private investment along the lines of developmental states under conditions of globalisation have been not successful. Instead of building a developmental state, the post-apartheid state elite has built a nanny state which simply provides handouts to transnational companies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-222
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1395319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1395319
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:203-222
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julia Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Kelley Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Kelley
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: From colonisation to globalisation: a history of state capture by the tobacco industry in Malawi
Abstract:
Malawi, the world’s most tobacco-dependent country, has long defended the tobacco industry as essential to its economy. The impoverished living conditions of tobacco farmers, however, raise questions about the true benefits accruing to the country. While the government and industry often blame public health advocates for declining leaf prices, and thus lower returns to farmers, this article scrutinises these claims from a historical perspective. It argues that a context of state capture has characterised Malawi’s tobacco industry, originating with colonisation and evolving since to become increasingly entrenched. The analysis is divided into four periods: colonial (1890s–1964); national (1964–1981); liberalisation (1981–2004) and accelerated globalisation (2004 to present). Each period demonstrates how industry interests influenced government institutions and policies in ways that increased dependence on a crop that only benefits a minority of Malawians. Today, a transnational elite prospers at the expense of local growers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 186-202
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1431213
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1431213
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:186-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Eriksson Baaz
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson Baaz
Author-Name: Ola Olsson
Author-X-Name-First: Ola
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsson
Author-Name: Judith Verweijen
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Verweijen
Title: Navigating ‘taxation’ on the Congo River: the interplay of legitimation and ‘officialisation’
Abstract:
Based on comprehensive research among boat operators and navy personnel working on the Congo River (DRC), this article explores how assessments of ‘taxation’ are shaped by the interplay of legitimation and ‘officialisation’. As such, it draws upon and contributes to scholarly debates on taxpayers’ attitudes towards taxation. While boat operators resent having to pay a plethora of authorities, including the navy, along the Congo River, the article demonstrates how they locate these ‘taxes’ on a spectrum from more to less legitimate. These assessments are shaped by various factors: authorities’ legitimacy as ‘measured’ by their official mandate and importance; public and non-official service provision; and the deployment of symbols of ‘stateness’. In interaction, these factors legitimise and ‘officialise’ ‘taxes’ by the navy that are prohibited in legislation. These findings caution against the a priori use of the labels ‘official’ and ‘non-official’, emphasising the need to better grasp these notions’ emic understandings.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 250-266
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1451317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1451317
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:250-266
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleksi Ylönen
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ylönen
Title: Inheriting power: Somaliland’s political institutions and the 2017 presidential election
Abstract:
This briefing sheds light on Somaliland’s political institutions, election dynamics and candidates who contested the state leadership in the 2017 presidential election. It argues that in spite of recurrent postponing of parliamentary elections, the 2017 presidential election has shown that Somaliland’s democratic process and legitimacy of its political institutions have remained relatively strong in the otherwise politically unstable neighbourhood.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 354-362
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1451319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1451319
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:354-362
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Burkina Faso: a history of power, protest and revolution
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 363-364
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1481677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1481677
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:363-364
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Mayer
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer
Title: Ifeoma Okoye: socialist-feminist political horizons in Nigerian literature
Abstract:
Nigerian author Ifeoma Okoye’s novel The Fourth World, published in 2013, presents us with a truly 21st century African unified socialist-feminist theory, while it places individual growth firmly in the community of an eponymous shanty in Enugu, Igboland. Through this novel, we observe how dictates of survival are transformed into acts of moral choice through the agency of work by a young girl of extraordinary character, helped by the congeniality of the community and by radical organisers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-344
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1482827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1482827
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:335-344
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: The state: the executive committee of global capitalism?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 181-185
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1485973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1485973
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:181-185
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Yao Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Yao
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Yao Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Yao
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Author-Name: Giuliano Martiniello
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Martiniello
Author-Name: Ben Fine
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Fine
Author-Name: Max Ajl
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajl
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Author-Name: Gordon Crawford
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Crawford
Author-Name: Gabriel Botchwey
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Botchwey
Title: Radical political economy and industrialisation in Africa: ROAPE/Third World Network-Africa Connections workshop, held in Accra, Ghana, 13–14 November 2017
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 267-334
Issue: 156
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1497131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1497131
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:156:p:267-334
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704321
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704321
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Britain's Africa policy: ethical, or ignorant?
Journal:
Pages: 405-407
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704322
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704322
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:405-407
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Willett
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Willett
Title: Demilitarisation, disarmament & development in Southern Africa
Abstract: Theories of how and why violent conflicts occur generally distinguish between structural factors on the one hand and accelerating or triggering factors on the other (Azar, 1990). Structural factors, which must be viewed as long term, include interrelated political, social and economic elements, such as the failure to meet basic human needs, population pressure, unequal distribution of wealth, depletion of natural resources, environmental degradation and ethnic tensions. Accelerating or triggering factors on the other hand, operate in the context of the above adverse structural factors but involve specific events, attitudes or decisions of dominant actors, which provoke or encourage violence. Triggering factors include the unequal distribution of power, the abuse of military power, the proliferation of small arms ideological conflict, struggles related to natural resources. How these triggers activate violence depends heavily upon the specific context. By examining the process of disarmament and demilitarisation within the southern African region, this article seeks to highlight the contradictions between treating the symptoms rather than the underlying causes of violence. In the final section some lessons from the region's experience will be highlighted which might be pertinent to national and international attempts at establishing peace and stability in future conflict zones.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 409-430
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704323
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:409-430
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vishnu Padayachee
Author-X-Name-First: Vishnu
Author-X-Name-Last: Padayachee
Title: Progressive academic economists & the Challenge of development in South Africa's decade of liberation
Abstract: This article examines the relationship between progressive academic economists and anti‐apartheid social movements in the period that has come to be known as South Africa's decade of liberation, roughly the mid‐1980s to the mid‐1990s. It does so through a critical examination of the interaction of progressive economists with social movements in South Africa since 1985, an interaction which occurred in the main via policy research networks and think‐tanks. The article also explores the major trends in the relationship between progressive economists and social movements over the decade of liberation and attempts to provide some tentative answers to the controversial question of why many of South Africa's progressive economists underwent a sea change in their economic thinking by the mid‐1990s. The argument is that South African academics and intellectuals (like those elsewhere) are far from independent; they are the creatures and creations of their time. Their positions depend upon their shifting circumstances and the demands placed on them. Ultimately, the explanation for the change in economics thinking rests on the politics of the transition itself, although other factors may contribute to explaining why the shift was so extreme and so pervasive.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 431-450
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704324
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704324
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:431-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Title: Design for equity: linking policy with objectives in South Africa's land reform
Abstract: The question posed in this article is why do land reform policies aiming at equity regularly result in inequitable outcomes?The question is examined in relation to the new land reform policy in South Africa (DLA, 1997), and with emphasis on the commitment to gender equity contained in this policy. Four points are made. First, planning for development needs to be realistic about the context of social relations within which the programme will take place. Second, policy objectives and criteria should not be contradictory. Third, equity considerations need to permeate all aspects of policy and not be limited to statements of vision and objectives. Fourth, the resource implications of policy should fit within existing resource constraints. These are some of the points of slippage which may result in the sacrifice of equity objectives in practice. The challenge at the level of policy is to anticipate and counteract the likely maldistribution of the benefits of land reform.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 451-462
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704325
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:451-462
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Bradbury
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Bradbury
Title: Sudan: international responses to war in the Nuba mountains
Abstract: More than a decade of war in the Nuba mountains between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) is threatening the way of life and very existence of the Nuba people. Responsibility for the tragedy in the Nuba mountains lies squarely in the hands of successive Sudanese governments who are accused of human rights atrocities, creating famine conditions, war crimes and even genocide. The silence that surrounds the plight of the Nuba, however, also attests to the failure of the international community to secure protection and assistance for war‐affected populations in Sudan's civil war.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 463-474
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704326
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704326
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:463-474
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samir Amin
Author-X-Name-First: Samir
Author-X-Name-Last: Amin
Title: The first babu memorial lecture
Journal:
Pages: 475-484
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704327
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:475-484
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Rudebeck
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Rudebeck
Title: Guinea‐bissau: military fighting breaks out
Journal:
Pages: 484-486
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704328
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:484-486
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: African debt hoax
Journal:
Pages: 487-492
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704329
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:487-492
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Riley
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Riley
Title: Conflict, civil society and peace‐building in West Africa
Journal:
Pages: 492-494
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704330
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:492-494
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Simon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Title: Angola: the peace is not yet fully won
Abstract: The ongoing war has exacted a terrible toll on Angola and its people. Potentially one of Africa's richest countries, with diverse natural resources and agro‐ecological zones suited to the growing of a wide range of food and cash crops, it has been reduced to abject poverty. Several million people ‐ over a quarter of the estimated total population of 11–12 million ‐ have been displaced from their homes, often losing all their possessions and means of livelihood. Many have fled to the major cities or across the borders to neighbouring countries; still others have found refuge in other rural areas or have been taken captive by UNITA.
Journal:
Pages: 495-503
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704331
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:495-503
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ethiopia/Eritrea conflict
Journal:
Pages: 503-504
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704332
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704332
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:503-504
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean‐Louis Péninou
Author-X-Name-First: Jean‐Louis
Author-X-Name-Last: Péninou
Title: Guerre absurde entre l'ethiopie et l'erythrée
Abstract: The war that has broken out between Eritrea and Ethiopia has surprised everyone, as it is not caused by ethnic, religious or tribal strivings for power. It is the old style of conflict between two States about the demarcation of a frontier which has claimed almost a thousand lives since mid‐June. After the spectacular failure of the US attempt at mediation, the bordering States are worried about a conflict that threatens the stability of the whole of the Horn of Africa.
Journal:
Pages: 504-508
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704333
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:504-508
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Why? The eritrean‐Ethiopian conflict
Abstract: The Institute for African Alternatives is an independent research institute working, among other things, on conflict and conflict resolution across the continent. Having monitored events in the Greater Horn for many years, we were caught completely off guard by the sudden outbreak of hostilities along the Eritrean‐Ethiopian border. On 1 July 1998 IFAA hosted a meeting and discussion. The following are excerpts from that discussion. The full text is available from the rapporteur, Axel Klein at IFAA.
Journal:
Pages: 508-526
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704334
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:508-526
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wangari Maathai
Author-X-Name-First: Wangari
Author-X-Name-Last: Maathai
Title: The link between patenting of life forms, Genetic Engineering & Food insecurity
Journal:
Pages: 526-528
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704335
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704335
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:526-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Let nature's harvest continue African counter-statement to Monsanto
Journal:
Pages: 529-531
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704336
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704336
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:529-531
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Martin
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: ‘Dictated trade: the case against the Africa growth & opportunity Act’
Journal:
Pages: 531-532
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704337
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704337
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:531-532
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Statement from civil society & religious organisations of east & central Afrca regarding the escalating violent conflict in the great lakes region
Journal:
Pages: 533-534
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704338
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704338
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:533-534
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: South Africa: Limits to Change — the Political Economy of Transformation(1997), by Hein Marais, Zed and UCT Press ISBN 1 85649 544 2. Reconciliation Through Truth: A Reckoning of Apartheid's Criminal Governance(1997), by Kader Asmal, Louise Asmal, Ronald Suresh Roberts; David Philip, St Martins, James Currey, ISBN 0 85255 802 3. What Women do in Wartime: Gender and Conflict in Africa(1998), edited by Meredeth Turshen & Clotilde Twagira‐mariya, Zed Books, ISBN 1 85649 538 8. Democratisation in Africa: The Theory and Dynamics of Political Transitions(1997), by Earl Conteh‐Morgan, Praeger, ISBN 0–275–95780–2. Custodians of the Commons: Pastoral Land Tenure in East & West Africa(1998), edited by Charles R Lane, Earthscan/UNRISD, ISBN 1 85383 473 4. Structural Adjustment Reconsidered: Economic Policy and Poverty in Africa(1997), by David E Sahn, Paul A Dorosh, Stephen D Younger, Cambridge UP, ISBN 0 521 58451 5. Structural Adjustment, Reconstruction and Development in Africa(1997), edited by Kempe Ronald Hope, Sr, Ashgate, ISBN 1 84014 127 1.
Journal:
Pages: 535-538
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704339
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704339
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:535-538
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 539-540
Issue: 77
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704340
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704340
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:77:p:539-540
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group:
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704428
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704428
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Editorial: too little, too late?
Journal:
Pages: 5-10
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704429
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:5-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Moore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: Levelling the playing fields & embedding illusions: ‘post‐conflict’ discourse & neo‐liberal ‘development’ in war‐torn Africa
Abstract: The World Bank's booklet Post‐Conflict Reconstruction: The Role of the World Bank suggests that in its eyes the ravages of war‐torn Africa present international financial institutions with an opportunity to create ‘market friendly’ opportunities on the levelled playing fields assumed by ‘post‐conflict’ discourse. As well as downplaying the conflict‐laden and complex aspects of post‐war situations, the illusion of peace and ordered government encouraged by ‘post‐conflict’ language allows the traditional humanitarian side of the ‘relief and (neo‐liberal) ‘development’ continuum in post‐war situations to be obliterated. Thus, the World Bank and similar agencies are able to enter the killing fields even during conflict to lay the seeds — or ‘embed’, to use a reversal of Polanyian perspectives — of individual property rights and other aspects of neo‐liberal economic, social and political good governance. Perspectives from ‘social capital’ discourse also buttress this view. Such ideologies coincide with and justify the diminishing material resources allocated to a more traditional humanitarian agenda for post‐war reconstruction, as well as sidelining alternatives.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-28
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704430
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704430
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:11-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Power without responsibility: the World Bank & Mozambican cashew nuts
Abstract: Mozambique's cashew nut production failed to recover after the 1982–92 war, with serious implications for peasant producers and workers in the country's single largest industry. Cashew has the potential to regain its role as a major sector of the Mozambican economy, and this article looks at the fundamental problems relating to the growing and processing of cashew. Next, the article shows how contradictory World Bank‐imposed policies prevented Mozambique from resolving these problems. Cashew shows that World Bank staff sometimes have unchecked power to impose policies on poor countries, with no need to justify their actions. The article concludes by asking if the World Bank can be sole judge of the success of its policies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 29-45
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704431
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704431
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:29-45
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cyril Obi
Author-X-Name-First: Cyril
Author-X-Name-Last: Obi
Title: Globalised images of environmental security in Africa
Abstract: Since the end of the Cold War in the late 1980s, there has been a pronounced concern in academic and policy circles, with global environmental change, and its implications for global security (Speth, 1990; Brock, 1991; Renner, 1996; Brown, 1994; Obi, 1997a, 1997b, 1998b; Leach & Mearns, 1996; Hyden, 1999). At the heart of this shift has been the expansion of the notion of security to include the containment of non‐military, extra‐state threats. Thus, issues such as poverty, environmental degradation, crisis, wars, drug‐trafficking and even migration were included in the emerging perspective to security. Also, globalisation meant that threat‐perception in the west began to take on board the linkages between environmental crisis in the third world, with its strategic needs for stability, markets, resources, and even, leisure. At the same time, there was the concern among some policy‐makers and scholars of the implications of globalisation for the post‐colonial African state, which was experiencing various forms and intensities of crisis. Such fears were based on the belief that a crisis‐ridden Africa would pose a serious threat to global peace and security. This concern is most pronounced in the surviving Cold War superpowers, particularly the United States, which is the undisputed global hegemon in the post‐Cold War order.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 47-62
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704432
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:47-62
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerhard Maré
Author-X-Name-First: Gerhard
Author-X-Name-Last: Maré
Title: Versions of resistance history in South Africa: the ANC strand in Inkatha in the 1970s and 1980s
Abstract: Since the 1999 elections in South Africa the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) has entered into a ‘coalition’ with the African National Congress (ANC) (now described as such by both parties) at both provincial (KwaZulu‐Natal ‐ KZN) and national levels of government. Such close cooperation, albeit largely at leadership and parliamentary representative level, would have been hard to imagine even five years ago, when the IFP refused to participate in the first democratic elections unless a range of demands were met by the negotiators in the transition process. Such confrontation reflected the vicious, state‐supported, war that was waged between IFP and ANC supporters in KZN and on the east Rand, in which thousands were killed and many more turned into internal refugees. While any steps to attain lasting peace are to be welcomed, if the past is not addressed such moves may prove to be fragile. An aspect of the past is the relationship between the ANC, as movement and as resistance symbol, and the Inkatha movement of nkosi Mangosuthu Buthelezi during the 1970s and 1980s. Inkatha's perception and presentation of ‘the ANC during this period is discussed. The argument is that Inkatha leadership had the opportunity, and not only the ideological pressure, to place the movement within an ANC resistance history, that was also populist, denying class and other divisions. However, Inkatha was never able to escape its political location with the KwaZulu ethnic bantustan, and the ANC was driven to an uncompromising position through the rise of internal resistance from the late‐1970s.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 63-79
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704433
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704433
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:63-79
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shubi Ishemo
Author-X-Name-First: Shubi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishemo
Title: ‘A symbol that cannot be substituted’: The role of J K Nyerere in the liberation of Southern Africa, 1955–1990
Abstract: Mwalimu Nyerere, the first President of Tanzania, passed away on 14 October 1999. He fought for the liberation of Tanzania from British colonialism and fought tirelessly against colonialism, racism, injustice and to preserve human dignity not only in Africa, but also throughout the Third World. He was well known for his uncompromising support for the liberation movement and his untiring work to ensure their victory. He was not only Father of the Tanzanian nation but also a mentor of the birth of other nations in the region. This essay is a brief appreciation of his work, a memory to his warmth and his love for humanity.
Journal:
Pages: 81-94
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704434
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:81-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Tributes to Julius Nyerere in the South African Parliament
Abstract: On 20 October 1999, a motion was moved in the National Assembly in Cape Town on the death of Dr. Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, former President of Tanzania. The following extracts from that debate are reproduced with the permission of the Speaker, Dr Frene Ginwala, who herself spent many years in Dar es Salaam, and was in fact appointed by Mwalimu as the first editor of the English language newspaper, The Standard, after it was nationalised in 1969. In sending the text of the debate, she remarked on the ‘tributes paid by the opposition parties’ as well as ANC MPs.
Journal:
Pages: 95-97
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704435
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:95-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Address by Commonwealth Secretary‐General HE Chief Emeka Anyaoku to the International Conference on the Making of a New Constitution for Zimbabwe
Journal:
Pages: 99-103
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704436
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:99-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: The Durban summit & beyond: whither the commonwealth? speech by commonwealth secretary‐general chief emeka anyaoku
Journal:
Pages: 103-109
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704437
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704437
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:103-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Ochieng
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Ochieng
Title: Isis WICCE continues to bring women together
Journal:
Pages: 109-112
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704438
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704438
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:109-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Simon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Title: Namibian elections: SWAPO consolidates its hold on power
Journal:
Pages: 113-115
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704439
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704439
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:113-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Ifeka
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Ifeka
Title: Conflict, complicity & confusion: unravelling empowerment struggles in Nigeria after the Return to 'Democracy'
Abstract: The national and international press report the recent upsurge of youth-led ethnic violence in Nigeria as if it were new. But Ifeka argues that in view of the catastrophic fall in Nigeria's GDP from $US93.1 billion in 1980 to US$40 billion in 1997 (Adedeji, 1999), youth's proclivity for violence is hardly surprising. Indeed, youth-led rebellions are not new. A political economy approach shows that developed economies exploitation of peripheral economies supplying raw materials sustains under-development and conditions spawning periodic revolt (Richards, 1996). Poverty makes people depend for assistance on customary (kin-based) relationships between superior elders and junior youths. But educated (unemployed) youth are finding that dependency on elders thwarts their own development and that of their people. Militant youth articulate a general perception that development is being obstructed by 'selfish' elders and chiefs who 'chop' on government contracts for their own gain, not their people's advancement.
Journal:
Pages: 115-123
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704440
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704440
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:115-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Chissano names 22 ministers to enlarge cabinet
Journal:
Pages: 123-125
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704441
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:123-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Sahel: women power rules the economy
Abstract: Women in the Sahel region are in the forefront of an ambitious scheme to alleviate poverty. They have joined forces to build a popular urban economy. Their success, write Newslink Africa's special correspondents Bella Diallo andMarieme Sow, shows women can play a full part in public and economic life.
Journal:
Pages: 125-127
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704442
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704442
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:125-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Can Africa expliot the internet
Abstract: Will the Internet deliver to Africa? Will Africa exploit the opportunities offered by the Internet to be at par with the rest of the world? A product of information technology explosion, the Internet could be a chance that Africa has been waiting for and critically, could be the last chance that Africa can exploit to move up the ladder of economic,social and political well-being, writes Newslink Africa's special correspondent Steve Mbogo
Journal:
Pages: 127-129
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704443
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:127-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamud Khalif
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamud
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalif
Title: Ethiopia's plans for the kalub gas project unfair
Journal:
Pages: 129-132
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704444
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:129-132
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Human security in sudan: the report of a canadian assessment mission prepared for the minister of foreign affairs ottawa, January 2000
Journal:
Pages: 132-137
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704445
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:132-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Pettifor
Author-X-Name-First: Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettifor
Title: Debt cancellation, lender responsibility & poor country empowerment
Journal:
Pages: 138-144
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704446
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:138-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joe
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: World bank debt concession? There is no extra $10 million!
Journal:
Pages: 144-145
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704447
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704447
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:144-145
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Book review
Abstract: Doctrines of Development(1996) by M P Cowen & R W Shenton, Routledge, 554pp.
Journal:
Pages: 147-148
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704448
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704448
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:147-148
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book Notes
Abstract: Martin, W G & Michael O West(eds.) (1999), Out of One, Many Africas: Reconstructing the Study and Meaning of Africa,University of Illinois Press. Chazan, Naomi, Peter Lewis, Robert A Mortimer, Donald Rothchild, Stephen John Stedman(1999), Politics and Society in Contemporary Africa,3rdedition, Lynne Reinner, Macmillan. Schraeder, Peter J(2000), African Politics and Society: A Mosaic in Transition,Boston/New York Bedford/St Martins. Mbaku, John Mukum(2000), Bureaucratic and Political Corruption in Africa: The Public Choice Perspective,Florida: Krieger Publishing. Doig, Alan, Robin Theobald(eds.) (2000), Corruption and Democratisation,London: Frank Cass. Musah, Abdel‐Fatau, J Kayode Fayemi(eds.) (2000), Mercenaries: An African Security Dilemma,London: Pluto Press. Clayton, Anthony(1999), Frontiersmen: Warfare in Africa Since 1950,Warfare and History Series, UCL Press. Tanzi, V, K Chu, S Gupta(eds.) (1999), Economic Policy & Equity,Washington: International Monetary Fund.
Journal:
Pages: 149-152
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704449
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704449
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:149-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 153-153
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704450
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:153-153
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: African internet resources
Journal:
Pages: 155-163
Issue: 83
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704451
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704451
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:83:p:155-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Dedication and acknowledgements
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1215629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1215629
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:1-1
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: Remembering Lionel Cliffe
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 2-6
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1215633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1215633
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:2-6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: Land, liberation and democracy: the life and work of Lionel Cliffe
Abstract:
This paper is a revised version, for this issue, of the keynote address to the Colloquium in Cape Town in honour of Lionel Cliffe. It maps out the key features of Lionel’s life and his work starting in Tanzania in 1961, where through his long period of teaching, research and engagement, he formed much of what became his approach to the analysis of African social formations and appropriate policies for development and change. His founding role in this journal, his periods of further work in Zambia, the Horn, and then Southern Africa, are viewed through the three themes of the title. They add up to a major contribution to both theory and practice that has continuing relevance to answering the question he often put: what is to be done?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-16
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1218197
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1218197
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:7-16
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Powell
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Powell
Title: Lionel Cliffe: the politically engaged intellectual worker
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 17-21
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1215632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1215632
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:17-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Village land politics and the legacy of
Abstract:
The paper explores the legacies of ujamaa for Tanzanian village land management through the analysis of ethnographic data. The first section considers the ujamaa legacies for Tanzanian village administrative and political institutions and the weight of past top-down politics. In the second section, village land politics are investigated in the light of the reform of the land laws in order then to underline the role of village authorities in collective land claims and to illustrate how village land allocations occur in practice. The third section analyses data from three villages to reflect on the salience of village land politics and Village Land Use Plans. Ujamaa leaves its legacy in the continuity of a potential for democratisation from below resisting the continuity of authoritarianism and centralised decision making from above.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 22-40
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1219179
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1219179
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:22-40
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Coulson
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Coulson
Title: Cotton and textiles industries in Tanzania: the failures of liberalisation
Abstract:
This article uses the story of cotton cultivation in Tanzania to analyse critically the processes of liberalisation and expose the failure of markets to reward quality production. It starts by summarising the technological requirements to grow the crop. It then shows how cotton was central to industrialisation, in Britain and elsewhere. In Tanzania, cotton is grown on small farms and so the article then summarises how small farmers make choices and minimise risks. This creates the context for outline histories, first of cotton growing, and then of textile industries in Tanzania, before turning to the impact of structural adjustment and liberalisation in the late 1980s and 1990s which led to increases in production but losses in quality and price. The article draws conclusions from this about the role of agriculture in processes of economic transformation and the need for institutions which represent the economic interests of small farmers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 41-59
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:41-59
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Van Arkadie
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Arkadie
Title: Reflections on land policy and the independence settlement in Kenya
Abstract:
This essay reflects on a personal participation in policy-making in relation to Kenya, almost 50 years ago. The policies that the British colonial authorities pursued in respect of the transfer of land to black Kenyans were crucial in the design of the decolonisation framework which managed the transition from colonial to self-rule. The outcome of the land policy was the creation of a black middle class of prosperous farmers, the preservation of the position of white farming, a transition to capitalism and the creation of a black capitalist class eagerly embraced by Kenyatta and his successors, but not solving the problems of land hunger and accompanying rural poverty which continue today.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 60-68
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1217837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1217837
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:60-68
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Agrarian transformation in the Near East and North Africa: influences from the work of Lionel Cliffe
Abstract:
This article explores the influences of the work of Lionel Cliffe in developing a radical rural political economy. A number of key themes in Cliffe’s work are reviewed in order to explore how they have helped to shape a view of rural development that is based, amongst other things, on listening to farmers and exploring why both government policy and often radical interventions fail to deliver the promises of improvements to rural conditions of existence. Case studies from the Near East and North Africa (NENA) highlight absences in policy intervention particularly in the areas of conflict, environmental transformation and economic reform.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 69-85
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1217835
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1217835
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:69-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lloyd Sachikonye
Author-X-Name-First: Lloyd
Author-X-Name-Last: Sachikonye
Title: Old wine in new bottles? Revisiting contract farming after agrarian reform in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
This contribution explores emerging features of social relations of production as expressed through the contract farming system in Zimbabwe. It seeks to link earlier research on plantation-based outgrower schemes in tea and sugar that were on a modest scale, to contemporary contract farming in tobacco and cotton that has expanded to a relatively large scale in the post-land reform period. The article questions whether the current expansion wave is a qualitatively new process or a variant of ‘old wine in new bottles’ in terms of relations between growers and large capital. Some themes for research are then outlined potentially to address emerging pertinent issues arising out of contemporary contract farming arrangements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 86-98
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1217836
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1217836
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:86-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Title: ‘I am a paramount chief, this land belongs to my ancestors’: the reconfiguration of rural authority after Zimbabwe's land reforms
Abstract:
This article explores the reconfiguration of rural authority in the aftermath of Zimbabwe's Fast Track Land Reform Programme, particularly the way the programme has allowed local chiefs to deploy ancestral autochthony as a way of contesting state hegemony over the countryside. It argues that chiefs cannot simply be viewed as undemocratic remnants of colonial rule; instead, a nuanced understanding of their role in rural governance is required.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 99-114
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085376
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:99-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marjorie Mbilinyi
Author-X-Name-First: Marjorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbilinyi
Title: Analysing the history of agrarian struggles in Tanzania from a feminist perspective
Abstract:
Agriculture remains the major site of employment and livelihoods for most Tanzanians, and especially women. This article explores patterns of continuity and change in agrarian struggles and primitive accumulation in Tanzania from a transformative feminist perspective. Such a framework combines gender and class, and questions of race and national sovereignty in its analysis of production and reproduction as significant components of feminist political economy. It pursues the author’s particular interest in the continuity between colonial efforts to destroy the self-sustaining nature of peasant production and reproduction and to promote settler and corporate agriculture and mining instead, and the present neoliberal focus on ‘transformation’. The analysis here is based on a re-reading of earlier work, including much of the author’s own, together with reflection on the results of participatory action research carried out by the Tanzanian Gender Networking Programme with grassroots activists in selected rural areas during the period from 2010 to 2014. Of particular significance is the joint emphasis given by grassroots women both to economic and social service issues.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 115-129
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1219036
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1219036
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:115-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nancy Andrew
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrew
Title: The importance of land in rethinking rural transformation, agrarian revolution and unfinished liberation in Africa
Abstract:
The Dar es Salaam debates of the 1970s provide a starting point for a discussion of the need for sweeping rural social transformation and ‘finishing’ liberation in Africa through examples of Zimbabwe’s ‘fast-track’, 20 years of failed land reform in South Africa and Burkina Faso’s short period of radical reform. Too often, liberation is conceptualised as correcting inadequate formal democracy. More than meeting the needs of the rural poor or righting historical wrongs, the struggle for land can open a pathway based on mobilising the population for developing a new system of agriculture, linked to an independent national economy and radically different society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 130-144
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214115
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:130-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: The ZIPA moment: Dzino, Mugabe and Samora Machel
Abstract:
This article underscores the importance of the relatively brief life but historically noteworthy emergence of the Zimbabwe People’s Army (ZIPA) within the struggle for Zimbabwean liberation in the 1970s. For ZIPA was a movement that offered both a serious military challenge of its own to Smith’s UDI regime but also the long-term possibility of a far more meaningful liberation than anything achieved since by ZANU’s ‘old guard’ under the orchestration of Robert Mugabe. The roles played by Mugabe, Machel, Kaunda, Kissinger and Crosland in ensuring ZIPA’s defeat are all emphasised, with a key source for the paper’s reinterrogation of ZIPA’s role being the recent autobiography of Wilfred Mhanda (aka Dzino Machingura), entitled Dzino. A link is also made to Lionel Cliffe’s writing of the time (in ROAPE issue no. 8), in particular to his own experience while incarcerated in one of Kaunda’s Zambian jails.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 145-166
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214403
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214403
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:145-166
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Moore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: Lionel Cliffe and the generation(s) of Zimbabwean politics
Abstract:
Lionel Cliffe’s idea of ‘generations’ was a way of understanding the structure/agency divide and internecine struggles among Zimbabwe’s nascent ruling classes during its liberation struggle. Here, its utility as an analytical tool on factional conflict is assessed. Cliffe’s own involvement in the Zimbabwe African National Union’s history is also examined as a lens on its generational and ideological contradictions. Further, archival evidence of the British state’s observations of Mugabe illustrates how he fused the contradictions of age cohorts, points of entry into the struggle, political philosophy and international dimensions, and suggests, too, the difficulties of outsiders’ understanding of complex struggles.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 167-186
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214116
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214116
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:167-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Ifeka
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Ifeka
Title: Morality and economic growth in rural West Africa: indigenous accumulation in Hausaland
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 187-189
Issue: 0
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214409
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:0:p:187-189
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704375
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704375
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Commentary: bringing imperialism back in
Journal:
Pages: 165-169
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704376
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:165-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Bryceson
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryceson
Title: African rural labour, income diversification & livelihood approaches: a long‐term development perspective
Abstract: The implementation of SAP and economic liberalisation throughout sub‐Saharan Africa during the last fifteen years has coincided with the rapid expansion of rural income diversification. Many analysts see income diversification as a vital coping strategy for the rural poor, while recognising that its growing incidence amongst all sections of the African rural population can serve as a mechanism for increasing wealth differentiation. The current income diversification and livelihoods literature primarily restricts itself to situational analysis underpinned by assumptions of economic optimization on the part of decision‐making households, while ignoring the broader process of depeasantization. Early agrarian change took the form of urban migration, funnelling labour from rural areas and creating an array of stimuli that acted indirectly upon village life. Rural income diversification adds a new, more immediate dimension. Villagers are now actively part of in situoccupational change that has far‐reaching implications for the social coherence of rural households and the political balance of local communities and nation‐states. Such profound transformation calls into question the ‘sustainability’ of rural livelihood strategies now being advocated by donor agencies as well as the relevance of delineating formal, informal and peasant sectors of the national economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 171-189
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704377
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:171-189
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Beyond civil society: child soldiers as citizens in Mozambique
Abstract: Children are like flowers that never wither (Samora Machel). The conditions match any of the most terrifying and depraved suffered by past generations afflicted by war. Yet the victims are not only soldiers. At the beginning of this century, 90 per cent of war casualties in Mozambique were military; today about 90 per cent are civilian. Yet even this sobering UNDP (1994) figure does not name the problem, for the term ‘civilian’ obfuscates the vulnerability and innocence of child victims. The conditions for children who are forced to bear arms erase the traditional analytical categories of military, civilian and child. An estimated 300,000 children under 18, some as young as five years old, are currently serving in 36 wars around the world right now (Brett and McCallin, 1998:19,24).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 191-206
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704378
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704378
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:191-206
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: Structural adjustment: why it wasn't necessary & why it did work
Abstract: The ultimate measure of the awesome power, and the fundamental violence, of unfettered abstraction is to be found in the millions upon millions of nameless corpses which this most vicious of centuries has left as its memorial(Sayer, 1991:155). Everyone is the most important person in democracy. (IDASA at HYPERLINK http:// www.idasa.org.za on 10 February 1999). This article provides a critical understanding of the broader historical context of structural adjustment. While a lot of contemporary analysis follows the given econometric boundaries of the policy debate many important political processes, which were part of the broader political economy of adjustment, remain unexplored. This exploration is important because the economic programmes have contained concepts that have taken root in a lot of African political debate like ‘freedom’, ‘efficiency’, ‘modernisation’, ‘markets’ and ‘liberalisation’ despite the apparent failure of programmes in socio‐economic terms. By reviewing the issue as one historical chapter in the relationship between poor countries and the managers of international finance, I indicate how oppositional political debate was constrained by pervasive, although ahistorical, ideas of economic necessity and the supposed economic benefits of ‘open’ markets.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 207-226
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704379
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704379
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:207-226
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clare Oxby
Author-X-Name-First: Clare
Author-X-Name-Last: Oxby
Title: Mirages of pastoralist futures: a review of aid donor policy in Sahelian pastoral zones
Abstract: Based on donor presentations at the United Nations Sahelian Office (UNSO) Technical Consultations on Pastoral Development in Africa (Endnote 1), this contribution explores first the extent to which pastoralists and the pastoral zones are targeted in donor policy and second the type of future society that the aid policies point towards, or imply, for these people and these regions. The policies are found to divide into those that effectively bypass pastoral zones and fail to target pastoralists, those that consider the pastoral zones and their inhabitants as complementary to other zones and other populations, and those that target squarely these zones and their inhabitants. Taking the last group of policies, three different approaches are distinguished: that which focuses on livestock and animal production; that which focuses on people and herders’ organisations; and that which focuses on natural resources and desertification. These policies are reviewed in turn, along with their contrasting and often unrealistic implications as to the type of future society involved. In the end, most of these visions of the future are dismissed as hypothetical constructs — as mirages — in that they tend to be formulated by outsiders and lack a consensus of support from within the pastoralist communities. In the current political climate which favours democracy and decentralisation it is hoped that the pastoralists themselves will be given a voice and an institutional channel in proportion to their numbers, so that they may formulate and express their own aspirations. Certain very fundamental issues have yet to be resolved through the political process, in particular the relative support for two opposing lifestyles and land uses in semi‐arid areas: one based on nomadic livestock‐keeping of drought‐resistant livestock species, and the other on a variety of sedentary activities based in farms and settlements. Finally, some examples are suggested of ways in which donors might be called upon to assist, rather than to initiate, efforts towards the improved political representation of pastoralists.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 227-237
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704380
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:227-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom De Herdt
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: De Herdt
Author-Name: Stefaan Marysse
Author-X-Name-First: Stefaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Marysse
Title: The reinvention of the market from below: the end of the women's money changing monopoly in Kinshasa
Abstract: Zaïre's transition to the Third Republic (1990–1997) was characterised by the decline of the national currency and the economy's partial dollarisation. This article describes the origins of the different types of cambistes(informal money exchange brokers). It argues that the evolution of the market of foreign currency is not only determined by changes in economic opportunities, but also by different kinds of social identity the cambisteshave adopted. More generally, insight is gained into the social re‐structuration of the market in an almost stateless society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 239-253
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704381
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:239-253
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Parfitt
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor
Author-X-Name-Last: Parfitt
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: In memoriam Stephen Riley 1949–1999
Journal:
Pages: 255-260
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704382
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:255-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katherine Salahi
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Salahi
Title: Martin Eve: 1924–1998
Journal:
Pages: 258-260
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704383
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:258-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Habib
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Habib
Author-Name: Rupert Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Rupert
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Parliamentary opposition & democratic consolidation in South Africa
Journal:
Pages: 261-267
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704384
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:261-267
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Tordoff
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Tordoff
Author-Name: Ralph Young
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: The presidential election in gabon
Journal:
Pages: 269-277
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:269-277
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abdul Mustapha
Author-X-Name-First: Abdul
Author-X-Name-Last: Mustapha
Title: The Nigerian transition: third time lucky or more of the same?
Journal:
Pages: 277-291
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704386
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:277-291
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Commonwealth ministerial action group on the Harare declaration (CMAG)
Journal:
Pages: 291-293
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704387
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704387
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:291-293
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Markakis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Markakis
Title: Pastoralists & politicians in Kenya
Journal:
Pages: 293-296
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704388
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704388
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:293-296
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: ROAPE on the world wide web
Journal:
Pages: 297-298
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704389
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704389
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:297-298
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Vincent Tickner
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Tickner
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: What Women do in Wartime: Gender and Conflict in Africa (1988), edited by M Turshen & M Twagiramariya, London: Zed Books. Structural Adjustment and Women Informal Sector Traders in Harare, Zimbabwe (1998),by Rodrick Mupedziswa and Perpetua Gumbo, Research Report no. 106, ISBN 91–7106–435–4. Private Sector Response to Agricultural Marketing Liberalisation in Zambia (1998), by Dennis K. Chiwele, Pumulo Muyatwa‐Sipula and Henriette Kalinda, Research Report no. 107, Nordiska Afrikain‐stitutet, Uppsala, ISBN 91–7106–436–2 (both obtainable from Africa Book Centre, 38 King St., London WC2 8JT).
Journal:
Pages: 299-302
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704390
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704390
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:299-302
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda(1999), by Alison Des Forges, Human Rights Watch, New York and London; International Federation of Human Rights (IFHR), Paris. ISBN 1–56432–171–1. Civil Society and the Aid Industry(1998), Alison Van Rooy (ed.), London: Earthscan. ISBN 1 85383 553 6. Whose Development?: An Ethnography of Aid(1998) by Emma Crewe and Elizabeth Harrison, New York/London: Zed Books. ISBN 1 85649 606 6. The Pillage of Sustainability in Eritrea, 1600s‐1990s: Rural Communities and the Creeping Shadows of Hegemony(1998) by Niaz Murtaza Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press (Distributed by Eurospan, London) ISBN 0–313–30633–8. Africa Works: Disorder as Political Instrument(1999) by P. Chabal and J‐P Daloz, London: International Africa Institute/African Issues/James Currey. ISBN 0–253–21287–1. The Criminalisation of the State in Africa(1999) by J‐F Bayart, S. Ellis and B. Hibou, London: The International Africa Institute/ African Issues, James Currey/ Indiana University Press. ISBN 0–253–21286–3. Global Restructuring and Land Rights in Ghana: Forest Food Chains, Timber and Rural Livelihoods(1999) by Kojo Sebastian Amanor, Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Research Report No. 108. ISBN 91–7106–437–0. The. Sudan: Contested National Identities(1998) by Ann Mosely Lesch, Bloomington/Oxford: Indiana University Press/James Currey. ISBN 0–253–33432–2. Post‐Conflict Eritrea: Prospects for Reconstruction and Development (1999)by Martin Doornbos and Tesfai Alemseged (eds), New Jersey: Red Sea Press. ISBN 1–56902–109–0.
Journal:
Pages: 303-309
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704391
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:303-309
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 308-309
Issue: 80
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704392
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704392
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:80:p:308-309
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: The fast-track land reform and agrarian change in Zimbabwe
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-13
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1622210
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1622210
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:1-13
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Toendepi Shonhe
Author-X-Name-First: Toendepi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shonhe
Title: The changing agrarian economy in Zimbabwe, 15 years after the Fast Track Land Reform programme
Abstract:
The reconfigured agrarian structure imposed new production and commoditisation patterns across the settlement types in Zimbabwe. From 2000, new markets were established, with differentiated effects on capital accumulation for different sets of farmers. After the Fast Track Land Reform programme, the impact of the economy-wide challenges, climate change, capital and global geo-politics on the agrarian economy remain relatively unexplored. Using a case study of Hwedza District, this article reveals the changing agrarian relations beyond the trimodal agrarian structure, showing that smallholder farmers have significantly relied on reinvestment of agricultural sales proceeds rather than contract farming. Farmers exit the contract farming arrangements citing their exploitative nature. The article contributes to the debate on Zimbabwe's agrarian and political transition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 14-32
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1606791
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1606791
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:14-32
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rangarirai Gavin Muchetu
Author-X-Name-First: Rangarirai Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Muchetu
Title: Family farms and the markets: examining the level of market-oriented production 15 years after the Zimbabwe Fast Track Land Reform programme
Abstract:
Small family farmers aim to secure food through own production, and the surplus is only sold to finance productive and reproductive investments. The Fast Track Land Reform programme (FTLRP) caused a dramatic increase in the number of family farms, with approximately 180,000 families being resettled on 70% of agricultural land previously held by about 4500 commercial white farmers. This increased demand for agricultural capital goods, thus putting pressure on the under-resourced government of Zimbabwe, which had to provide inputs considering the FTLRP and capital outflows induced by the economic meltdown. The study tracks and maps out the position of family farmers in Zimbabwe with respect to the agricultural inputs and outputs markets over 15 years of land reform implementation. Specifically, the study utilises the SMAIAS 2013–14 Household Survey to calculate commercialisation indices for major agricultural crops in Zimbabwe. Commercialisation involves the creation of mechanisms that encourage farmers’ active participation and integration in the commodity markets. The survey results show that participation is found to be highly differentiated, with small-scale producers participating the least. More farmers were more active in the inputs markets than they were in the outputs markets, thus implying a perennial reduction of farmers’ incomes and productive asset investment capacity. Additionally, the study provides structural transformative policy alternatives for improving production and rural household income to reduce poverty.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 33-54
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1609919
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1609919
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:33-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manase Kudzai Chiweshe
Author-X-Name-First: Manase
Author-X-Name-Last: Kudzai Chiweshe
Author-Name: Takunda Chabata
Author-X-Name-First: Takunda
Author-X-Name-Last: Chabata
Title: The complexity of farmworkers’ livelihoods in Zimbabwe after the Fast Track Land Reform: experiences from a farm in Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
Abstract:
The Fast Track Land Reform programme in Zimbabwe was one of the largest land redistribution exercises in the world. The programme had varying impacts on the diverse rural population, leading to a binary projection of winners and losers. The authors use a micro case study of former farmworkers in Chinhoyi to highlight how this particular group has fared since 2000. The authors’ interest is in understanding how the programme impacted on the farmworkers’ livelihoods and how they have responded to the changing agrarian structure. The authors focus on the bulk of the permanent farmworkers on the A2 farms who remained in the farm compounds where they offered to work for the new black farm owners. Using qualitative methodology, this study assesses the fragile patterns of livelihoods for the resident farmworkers. The vast majority of these workers did not get land during the land reform programme, thus their livelihoods in large part derive from the labour they sell to their new employers. This livelihood option however remains limited, ephemeral and unreliable.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 55-70
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1609920
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1609920
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:55-70
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnold Chamunogwa
Author-X-Name-First: Arnold
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamunogwa
Title: The negotiability of state legal and bureaucratic authority during land occupations in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
The article explains how state legal and bureaucratic authority over land access was renegotiated, and at times undone, during land occupations in Mazowe District, Zimbabwe from 2001 to 2002. It explains the logics and strategies used by land occupiers to make use of legal and bureaucratic procedures, in contradictory ways, as they made, protected and validated claims to land and related resources. It also explains the ambiguous role of local state institutions during farm occupations. The author illustrates how certain state institutions adhered to long-standing technocratic ideas and practices of controlling land access, while others undermined and, at times, subverted them.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 71-85
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1609921
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1609921
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:71-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Innocent Dande
Author-X-Name-First: Innocent
Author-X-Name-Last: Dande
Author-Name: Joseph Mujere
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Mujere
Title: Contested histories and contested land claims: traditional authorities and the Fast Track Land Reform programme in Zimbabwe, 2000–2017
Abstract:
This article analyses conflicts among traditional authorities over ancestral lands, and boundaries during and in the aftermath of Zimbabwe’s Fast Track Land Reform programme (FTLRP). It argues that the FTLRP gave a fresh impetus to conflicts over land and boundaries among traditional authorities as they sought to recast their authority into areas from which they were displaced during the colonial period. It further argues that land claims in the post-FTLRP period were often entangled with contestations over history and legitimacy as rival groups made use of oral traditions and archives to bolster their claims. Most of these struggles over land ended up being decided in the country’s court system. Overall, the article argues that struggles over land claims in the post-FTLRP period have largely ended up being struggles over versions of the history of land ownership and colonial displacements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 86-100
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1609922
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1609922
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:86-100
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lincoln Addison
Author-X-Name-First: Lincoln
Author-X-Name-Last: Addison
Title: The fragility of empowerment: changing gender relations in a Zimbabwean resettlement area
Abstract:
This article examines the fragility of women's empowerment in Sovelele, a resettlement area established through Zimbabwe's Fast Track Land Reform programme. Compared to their lives before resettlement, married women have larger plots allocated to them by husbands, exercise a higher degree of control over surplus grain and experience more joint use of resources. Single women can more easily buy and hold land in their own right. Yet, these gains are fragile because they arise out of largely unintended and changing circumstances, including the spatial dynamics of resettlement, permit-based land tenure, limited market integration and labour shortage. While attention to the conditions underlying empowerment reveals its fragility, it is not equally fragile for all women. Some women's gains may prove more resilient than others because they rest upon a deeper renegotiation of gender relations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 101-116
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1610939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1610939
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:101-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Scoones
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Scoones
Author-Name: Blasio Mavedzenge
Author-X-Name-First: Blasio
Author-X-Name-Last: Mavedzenge
Author-Name: Felix Murimbarimba
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Murimbarimba
Title: Young people and land in Zimbabwe: livelihood challenges after land reform
Abstract:
This article explores the livelihood challenges and opportunities of young people following Zimbabwe's land reform in 2000. The article explores the life courses of a cohort of men and women, all children of land reform settlers, in two contrasting smallholder land reform sites. Major challenges to social reproduction are highlighted, reflected in an extended ‘waithood’, while some opportunities for accumulation are observed, notably in intensive agricultural production and agriculture-linked business enterprises. In conclusion, the implications of generational transfer of land, assets and livelihood opportunities are discussed in the context of Zimbabwe's agrarian reform.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 117-134
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1610938
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1610938
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:117-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris James Newlove
Author-X-Name-First: Chris James
Author-X-Name-Last: Newlove
Title: The wretched of the earth and strategy: Fanon’s ‘Leninist’ moment?
Abstract:
This paper argues that Fanon puts forward the importance of a strategic approach to winning the goals of national independence from colonialism as part of the wider fight for a different social and economic system. In The wretched of the earth Fanon supports a strategic focus along similar lines to Lenin. The interpretation of the national bourgeoisie and the native working class within the colony put forward by Fanon is directly influenced by his readings of Lenin. Alongside his diverse lessons and influences, this paper will argue that Fanon’s ‘Leninist’ moment should be acknowledged.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 135-142
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1500361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1500361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:135-142
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Presidential transitions and generational change in Southern African liberation movements
Abstract:
Recent presidential transitions in Southern Africa have prompted suggestions that the region is moving towards a new generational politics which is more responsive to the need for economic reform and holds significant democratic possibilities. While this analysis concedes that this analysis has some considerable purchase, it argues that the evidence suggests that liberation movements are likely to remain mired in a morass of patronage and corruption, and that there will be as much continuity as change.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 143-156
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1536976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1536976
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:143-156
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vishnu Padayachee
Author-X-Name-First: Vishnu
Author-X-Name-Last: Padayachee
Author-Name: Ben Fine
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Fine
Title: The role and influence of the IMF on economic policy in South Africa’s transition to democracy: the 1993 Compensatory and Contingency Financing Facility revisited
Abstract:
Many commentators have pointed to the 1993 International Monetary Fund (IMF) loan, which occurred on the eve of South Africa’s democratic elections, as a key factor in explaining the shift in African National Congress (ANC) economic policy in the 1990s. This argument is now invariably taken for granted. Little understanding of the nature of the Compensatory and Contingency Financing Facility (CCFF) is displayed, nor has any hard evidence been produced to back this argument. Drawing upon previously unseen data and reports from both the National Treasury and the IMF, we show that the IMF loan could not have had such an impact on ANC economic policy thinking.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 157-167
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1484352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1484352
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:157-167
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Stoneman
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoneman
Title: An ounce of practice
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 168-169
Issue: 159
Volume: 46
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1531974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1531974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2019:i:159:p:168-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704306
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704306
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Commentary: ‘globalization’ & the regulation of Africa
Journal:
Pages: 173-177
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704307
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:173-177
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harri Englund
Author-X-Name-First: Harri
Author-X-Name-Last: Englund
Title: Culture, environment & the enemies of complexity
Abstract: This article assesses recent debate regarding dimensions of post‐cold war conflict in Africa. It reviews the populist, and influential assertion that the ‘coming anarchy’, in Africa and elsewhere, is the result increasingly of clashes between cultures rather than states, and that these nation states necessarily give rise to primordial ethnicities. There continues to be a view that Africa's ills lie with overpopulation, environmental degradation and ethnic conflict. In contrast to the travel writing of authors like Kaplan nuanced perspectives challenging conventional wisdom can be underpinned by the force of anthropology and contemporary debates, relating to the new ecology and critiques of power.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 179-188
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704308
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:179-188
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Connell
Title: Strategies for change: women & politics in Eritrea & South Africa
Abstract: This article examines the position of women in the process of democratisation in Eritrea and South Africa. It examines the difficulties in translating declared government and policy document support for gender issues into implemented strategy. It does so by tracing the position of women in the different movements, the problems which women have confronted in political and economic reconstruction and the political struggles which women have engaged in to ensure that gender issues remain at the core of democratic politics.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 189-206
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704309
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:189-206
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Serap Kayatekin
Author-X-Name-First: Serap
Author-X-Name-Last: Kayatekin
Title: Observations on some theories of current agrarian change
Abstract: This article deals with the main theoretical approaches to the agrarian question in Globalising Food: Agrarian Questions and Global Restructuringedited by D Goodman and M J Watts. I argue that the approach proposed by the Actor‐Network Theory (ANT), although offering valuable insights, is problematic. The tradition of (agrarian) political economy, however, is still a rich source that can accommodate the concerns of ANT in particular, and postmodernism in general, as is the case with several articles in this volume. Class, in this effort, should remain a category of central importance. I conclude by noting the relevance and the absence from this volume of household level analysis as well as an analysis of food security.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 207-219
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704310
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:207-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Misunderstanding African politics: corruption & the governance agenda
Abstract: Political corruption ‐ the misuse of public office or public responsibility for private (personal or sectional) gain ‐ has been an important theme of the neo‐liberal policies of adjustment, conditionality and democratization in Africa. Having identified the state as ‘the problem’, and liberalization and democratization as ‘the solution’ to that problem, it was inevitable that efforts to eradicate and control the widespread corruption characterising post‐colonial politics would be given a high priority by ‘the donors’. From the outset, proponents of structural reform linked political corruption to authoritarianism as an explanation of developmental failure, thereby identifying the arguments for democratization and ‘good governance’ with those for liberalization. This paper explores the way in which corruption has been understood in this ‘governance’ agenda and the efforts that have been made to control it by improving institutional performance and policing ‐ greater transparency and accountability, more effective oversight and punishment ‐ and by building a political culture intolerant of corruption. In general, however, legal and administrative reform has produced disappointing results and corruption has flourished and even increased. Failure has compounded cynicism and weakened faith in democratic change. Such failures suggest: firstly, that the anti‐corruption strategies pursued by international donors and imposed on African debtors are inadequate because of weaknesses in their conception of the state; secondly, that the reforms introduced through liberalization (a weakening of the state, deregulation and privatization) create new conditions in which corruption can flourish; and, thirdly, that fundamental features of African politics will need to change before such anti‐corruption measures can hope to succeed.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 221-240
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704311
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:221-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Goetz
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Goetz
Title: Women in politics & gender equity in policy: South Africa & Uganda
Abstract: There are more women in politics in Uganda and South Africa today than in many more developed democracies. This significant achievement owes to explicit affirmative action interventions in political institutions and processes to favour women's participation. This article analyses these measures for their effectiveness in bringing more women into government, and for their impact on the perceived legitimacy of women in power. It goes on to stress that there is a difference between a numerical increase in women representatives, and the representation of women's interests in government decision‐making. The one does not automatically lead to the other, not just because individual women politicians cannot all be assumed to be concerned with gender equity, but because of institutionalised resistance to gender equity within the apparatus of governance. This problem is exacerbated in the context of structural adjustment, which rules out social welfare measures to subsidise women's reproductive contributions to the economy and thereby level the economic playing field between women and men. In spite of these obstacles, women in power in Uganda and South Africa have taken significant steps to articulate women's interests in politics, with a particular focus on problems of violence against women.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 241-262
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704312
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704312
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:241-262
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Radicalism, relevance & the future of
Journal:
Pages: 263-264
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704313
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704313
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:263-264
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Author-Name: Colin Leys
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Leys
Title: ROAPE & the radical Africanist: what next?
Abstract: Giles Mohan has invited us to contribute to a debate in these pages ‘concerning the future of African studies and of ROAPE'spolitical‐intellectual role in this.’ He suggests that ‘some editors of ROAPEare concerned that the journal has lost the political focus with which it began and which marked it as a radical alternative to the “mainstream”.’ Note that in this latter formulation the question is less about the future of African studies per sethan it is about the future of ‘radical’ African studies. It is, in fact, the latter subject that our remarks will chiefly address (1). We do agree with Mohan that this seems a good moment to think aloud about what both ROAPEand radical Africanists are up to ‐ even though we will argue that neither need spend too much time apologising for what they/we have been/ are doing. The main challenge is to do ‘our thing’ even better, and to do it even more relevantly to the considerable complexities of the current moment. We will develop our thoughts by dealing, in turn, with each of the six specific questions Mohan raises in the ‘guidelines’ he proposes for the debate.
Journal:
Pages: 265-273
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704314
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704314
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:265-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rok Ajulu
Author-X-Name-First: Rok
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajulu
Title: Kenya's democracy experiment: the 1997 elections
Journal:
Pages: 275-285
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704315
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704315
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:275-285
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Innovation in mali
Journal:
Pages: 285-287
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704316
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:285-287
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anita Franklin
Author-X-Name-First: Anita
Author-X-Name-Last: Franklin
Title: 50,000 protest in UK to cancel third world debt
Journal:
Pages: 287-288
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704317
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:287-288
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: Book reviews
Journal:
Pages: 289-298
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:289-298
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Fenton
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Fenton
Author-Name: Mary Heffron
Author-X-Name-First: Mary
Author-X-Name-Last: Heffron
Title: World Views directory of organizations: Africa‐related publishers and distributors
Journal:
Pages: 299-312
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704319
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:299-312
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Current Africana 1996
Journal:
Pages: 313-399
Issue: 76
Volume: 25
Year: 1998
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249808704320
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249808704320
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:25:y:1998:i:76:p:313-399
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Beresford
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Beresford
Title: Africa rising?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-7
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1149369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1149369
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:1-7
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Dependency redux: why Africa is not rising
Abstract:
Whilst numerous accounts claim that the continent is on the rise, driven by high growth rates and supposed better governance and economic policies, Africa's dependent position in the global economy is being reified. This article seeks to analyse the dynamics which are accompanying a notional ‘rise’ of Africa but which are actually contributing to the continent being pushed further and further into underdevelopment and dependency. It calls into question the superficial accounts of a continent on the move or that declare that the continent has somehow turned a definitive page in its history. A ‘rise’ based on an intensification of resource extraction whilst dependency deepens, inequality increases and de-industrialisation continues apace, cannot be taken seriously. A model based on growth-for-growth's sake has replaced development and the agenda of industrialisation and moving Africa up the global production chain has been discarded. Instead, Africa's current ‘comparative advantage’ as a primary commodity exporter is celebrated and reinforced. History repeats itself.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 8-25
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:8-25
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Phillips
Author-X-Name-First: Jon
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips
Author-Name: Elena Hailwood
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Hailwood
Author-Name: Andrew Brooks
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks
Title: Sovereignty, the ‘resource curse’ and the limits of good governance: a political economy of oil in Ghana
Abstract:
The idea of a resource curse has influenced policy makers and led to calls for good governance to avoid the pitfalls of oil sector development. Through discussion of Ghana's recent insertion into the global political economy of oil, this paper describes the limits of the resource curse framing and associated liberal institutional management approaches to the inherently political nature of oil exploration and production. The paper describes ways in which sovereignty has been exercised both in opposition to and in support of foreign capital, and the role of discourses of ‘good governance’ in structuring the material politics of resource access.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 26-42
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1049520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1049520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:26-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole Stremlau
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole
Author-X-Name-Last: Stremlau
Author-Name: Emanuele Fantini
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuele
Author-X-Name-Last: Fantini
Author-Name: Ridwan M. Osman
Author-X-Name-First: Ridwan M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Osman
Title: The political economy of the media in the Somali conflict
Abstract:
This article explores the political economy of the media in the context of weak formal state institutions in Somalia. Drawing on literature examining the political economy of war, the authors argue that, rather than being either a system of anarchy or a system in which journalists strive to serve normative functions of a fourth estate, the media in Somalia have their own internal logic that operates according to local norms and rules. This accounts for the media's ability to continue to grow despite the serious security concerns and the absence of strong state institutions and regulations, as well as predictable and regular revenue.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 43-57
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1048795
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1048795
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:43-57
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin van der Merwe
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Merwe
Title: An historical geographical analysis of South Africa's system of accumulation: 1652–1994
Abstract:
This paper attempts to reconceptualise from an historical perspective South Africa's regional political economy. Adopting a broadly materialist approach, this paper illustrates how South Africa's relationship with the region can be understood as a system of accumulation based on what may be called a government–business–media (GBM) complex. The analysis follows a critical rewriting of South Africa's regional relations until the attainment of democracy, as seen through the concept of the GBM complex. By so doing, this paper seeks to lay the foundations for an alternative understanding of South Africa's political economy, but also aims to contribute to the literature on, and theorisation of, ‘complexes’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 58-72
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1049521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1049521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:58-72
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: The coming crisis of Zuma's ANC: the party state confronts fiscal crisis
Abstract:
Rising state expenditure threatens to outstrip the South African government's ability to pay. This danger is merely a symptom of and challenge to the predatory characteristics of the ‘party-state’ erected by the ruling African National Congress (ANC), notably as they are exhibited under the presidency of Jacob Zuma. The ANC government is increasingly looking to an oil and gas bonanza to avoid a ‘fiscal cliff’, while Zuma himself is driving a nuclear power future which threatens to bankrupt the economy. The latter strategy conforms to the party's greater disposition to corruption and patronage. Key parastatals have become headed by Zuma cronies; family and friends have been awarded government favour; and Zuma's personal interests intrude upon the governance of parastatals, the South African Revenue Service and the functioning of constitutionally protected agencies such as the office of the Public Protector. The Zuma government's repudiation of accountability highlights an official drift to secrecy. However, the increasing limitations of ANC economic policy combine with growing discontent in society to place the party's political hegemony at risk – but Zuma's presidency has compromised the ANC's capacity for internal reform.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 73-88
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1083970
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1083970
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:73-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicoli Nattrass
Author-X-Name-First: Nicoli
Author-X-Name-Last: Nattrass
Author-Name: Jeremy Seekings
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Seekings
Title: Trade unions, the state and ‘casino capitalism’ in South Africa's clothing industry
Abstract:
Relationships between trade unions, the state and capital in South Africa have changed dramatically, especially in the clothing sector. The clothing workers’ union became heavily dependent on its political alliances with the governing party, not only for the regulation of wages and industrial policies, but also for Black Economic Empowerment policies that helped it to acquire massive shareholdings, including in the largest clothing manufacturer. In terms of both its exposure to capitalist risk and its investments in the casino industry specifically, the union acquired a stake in ‘casino capitalism’, whilst relying on government to stack the odds in its favour.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 89-106
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085379
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085379
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:89-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean Copans
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Copans
Author-Name: Françoise Blum
Author-X-Name-First: Françoise
Author-X-Name-Last: Blum
Title: Amady Aly Dieng, 1932–2015: radical African nationalist, genuine Marxist, witty and free thinker
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-115
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1155872
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1155872
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:107-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malancha Chakrabarty
Author-X-Name-First: Malancha
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakrabarty
Title: Growth of Chinese trade and investment flows in DR Congo – blessing or curse?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 116-130
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1048794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1048794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:116-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tapiwa Chagonda
Author-X-Name-First: Tapiwa
Author-X-Name-Last: Chagonda
Title: The other face of the Zimbabwean crisis: The black market and dealers during Zimbabwe's decade of economic meltdown, 2000–2008
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 131-141
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1048793
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1048793
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:131-141
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Ganho
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganho
Title: The murder of Gilles Cistac: Mozambique's future at a crossroads
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 142-150
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1062359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1062359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:142-150
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Behrooz Morvaridi
Author-X-Name-First: Behrooz
Author-X-Name-Last: Morvaridi
Title: Does sub-Saharan Africa need capitalist philanthropy to reduce poverty and achieve food security?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 151-159
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1149807
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1149807
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:151-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Title: The price of civilization: reawakening virtue and prosperity after the economic fall
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 160-163
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1113657
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1113657
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:160-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: In the name of the people: Angola's forgotten massacre
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 163-165
Issue: 147
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1113655
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1113655
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:163-165
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704542
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lynne Brydon
Author-X-Name-First: Lynne
Author-X-Name-Last: Brydon
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: The state of the union: Africa in 2001
Journal:
Pages: 319-322
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704543
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704543
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:319-322
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregory White
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Author-Name: Scott Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Well‐oiled regimes: oil & uncertain transitions in Algeria & Nigeria
Abstract: Oil has had a profound impact on countries engaged in transitions to democracy, often undermining the commitment of both local and external actors to democratization. Two African countries, Algeria and Nigeria, demonstrate how oil distorts the domestic regime structure and conditions the nature of international linkages. Key actors in the international arena ‐notably, former colonial powers, international financial institutions and transnational corporations — are inclined to support undemocratic, military regimes that supply oil, while simultaneously offering only rhetorical support for ongoing transitions. Paradoxically, despite the critical role played by international actors in sustaining undemocratic regimes, and their compromising effect on domestic affairs, the international norm of sovereignty is deployed to rationalise non‐intervention in domestic political affairs of the country.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 323-344
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704544
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:323-344
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Connell
Title: Inside the EPLF: the origins of the people's party’ & its role in the liberation of Eritrea
Abstract: At the third congress of the Eritrean People's Liberation Front in February 1994, delegates voted to transform the 95,000‐person organisation into a mass political movement, the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ). The congress gave the PFDJ a transitional mandate to draw the general population into the political process and to prepare the country for constitutional democracy over the next four years. Near the close of the three‐day conference, Isaias Afwerki, the country's acting president, surprised many of those present with an announcement that a clandestine marxist political party had guided the Front for almost 20 years and that it had been disbanded in 1989, shortly before the end of the independence war. Since then, however, there has been little public discussion of the historical role of the party or its legacy. Drawing on interviews with key participants, this paper explores the origins of what was known as the Eritrean People's Revolutionary Party and its impact on the liberation struggle during the nearly two decades of its clandestine existence. Questions I address include: How, why and by whom was the party formed? How did it function in relation to the Front as a whole? How did this change from the 1970s to the 1980s? And why was the decision taken to disband the party in 1989? Still to be examined is the party's legacy in the post‐liberation era and how its political culture and mode of operation shapes the contemporary political landscape.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 345-364
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704545
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704545
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:345-364
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Storey
Author-X-Name-First: Andy
Author-X-Name-Last: Storey
Title: Structural adjustment, state power & genocide: the World Bank & Rwanda
Abstract: The Rwandan genocide of 1994 has been partly attributed by some commentators to state weakness or collapse, and the weakness or collapse has in turn been partly attributed to the policies of the World Bank and the IMF. Neither argument is valid, and to advance them is to misunderstand the extent to which state power is a persistent and potent force in Africa and elsewhere, and also the extent to which the World Bank and IMF buttress that power (despite their own rhetoric of ‘rolling back’ the state). The first section of this article outlines the centrality of state power to an analysis of Rwanda in general and of the preparations for genocide in particular, while the following section demonstrates how the World Bank lent material and discursive support to a repressive and ultimately genocidal state apparatus. The concluding section offers some explanation of why the World Bank adopts such policies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 365-385
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704546
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704546
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:365-385
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Bringing political struggle back in: African politics, power & resistance
Abstract: This article will investigate the enduring importance of political struggle as a key notion in the understanding of contemporary African politics. It does so with an awareness that this notion has fallen out of academic favour. This article sketches an approach that gives a key role to political struggle in processes of political change in sub‐Saharan Africa. In doing so, African political economies are seen as necessarily contested and therefore there is a need (to re‐work the phrase of the new statists/institutionalists) to consider bringing struggle back in to the analytical frame.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 387-402
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704547
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704547
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:387-402
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Suzanne Dansereau
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Dansereau
Title: Zimbabwe: labour's options within the movement for democratic change
Abstract: The article sets out to understand the option for labour represented by the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), a movement made up of a wide cross section of groups opposing ZANU‐PFs twenty‐one year hold on power, with key leadership coming from the labour movement. The article seeks to understand the nature and potential for change embodied in the MDC given its alliance with groups from below, often labelled civil society or new social movement. It documents labour's radicalisation, moving from the shop floor into broader political action and alliance‐building and eventually into a direct partisan challenge for political power in the 2000 parliamentary elections. It analyses MDC policies, finding a seemingly contradictory emphasis on participation and social democracy, alongside the proposals for a mixed economy involving international donors and investors, with a moderate state role whose objective is to create employment and alleviate poverty. These policies reflect the loose alliance making up the MDC, ranging from citizen, labour and human rights groups, with some commercial farmers and industrialists. The challenge is to maintain support from the various interests within this common front as it consolidates itself into a party, capable of putting forward a national project. This requires a struggle between competing interests, and it is labour's actions within this struggle and its outcome that will ultimately define labour's options within this new grouping.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 403-414
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704548
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704548
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:403-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bond
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond
Title: South Africa's agenda in 21century global governance
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 415-428
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704549
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704549
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:415-428
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: Cry for the beloved country: the post‐apartheid denouement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 429-460
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704550
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:429-460
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Ifeka
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Ifeka
Title: Playing civil society tunes: corruption & misunderstanding Nigeria's ‘real’ political institutions
Journal:
Pages: 461-465
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704551
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704551
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:461-465
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Pallister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallister
Author-Name: Jamie Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Jamie
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Ed Harriman
Author-X-Name-First: Ed
Author-X-Name-Last: Harriman
Title: Money laundering: the Nigeria connection
Journal:
Pages: 466-467
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:466-467
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Monbiot
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Monbiot
Title: Economic justice / market forces
Journal:
Pages: 467-470
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704553
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:467-470
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Five decades of liberation & revolution: the life of comrade Abdulrahman Mohamed Babu
Journal:
Pages: 470-471
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704554
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704554
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:470-471
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andre Sage
Author-X-Name-First: Andre
Author-X-Name-Last: Sage
Title: Prospects for al itihad & islamist radicalism in Somalia
Journal:
Pages: 472-477
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704555
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:472-477
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Eritrea in crisis
Journal:
Pages: 477-477
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704556
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:477-477
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alice Kwaramba
Author-X-Name-First: Alice
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwaramba
Title: Engendering management of water resources in Southern Africa
Journal:
Pages: 478-479
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704557
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:478-479
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saskia Hoyweghen
Author-X-Name-First: Saskia
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoyweghen
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: Mahmood Mamdani, 2001, When Victims Become Killers. Colonialism, Nativism and the Genocide in Rwanda,Princeton New Jersey, Princeton University Press/Oxford, James Curry.
Journal:
Pages: 481-483
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704558
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:481-483
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 483-484
Issue: 89
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704559
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704559
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:89:p:483-484
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704470
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Editorial: globalisation & African responses
Journal:
Pages: 353-356
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704471
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:353-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Craig
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Craig
Title: Evaluating privatisation in Zambia: a tale of two processes
Abstract: The programme of state enterprise privatisation pursued by the Zambian government since 1992 has been subject to a number of conflicting evaluations. For some it is a model programme, ‘the most successful in Africa’ (Campbell White and Bhatia, 1998), which stands as an example to other developing countries. For others, it is a deeply flawed experience which allowed for the corrupt acquisition of assets by those linked to the ruling party. This paper argues that these conflicting evaluations are the result of two underlying processes which reflected the political and economic environment in which the policy was implemented. This required the Zambian government to balance, on the one hand, the demands of northern donors and the Bretton Woods institutions that international capital should be provided with an attractive and secure environment for investment and, on the other hand, those in the ruling party's domestic constituency who regarded privatisation as an opportunity for personal accumulation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 357-366
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704472
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:357-366
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Brown
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Restructuring north‐south relations: ACP‐EU development co‐operation in a liberal international order
Abstract: This article will examine the character of relations between the European Union and African, Caribbean and Pacific countries in the wake of the new EU‐ACP Partnership Agreement, signed in June 2000, and which replaces the longstanding Lomé Convention. The article views development cooperation as encapsulating particular political and economic relationships rather than constituting some kind of technical or apolitical endeavour. The origins of EU‐ACP co‐operation are placed within the specific context of decolonisation and the rise of a new form of inter‐state relations between North and South. However, the nature of North‐South co‐operation has been transformed in the period since the 1970s when Lomé was first signed. Consequently the new agreement (and the prior changes to the Lomé Convention) need to be understood in the context of the wider restructuring and liberalisation of North‐South relations. This has led to far‐reaching changes to both the aid and trade elements of European Union‐Africa relations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 367-383
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704473
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:367-383
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Title: Zimbabwean workers, the MDC & the 2000 election
Abstract: For the first time since Zimbabwe gained its independence in 1980, the country's president, Robert Mugabe, faces serious opposition. In the elections, held in June, the worker‐backed Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) won 57 out of 120 elected seats, with Mugabe's party, the Zimbabwe African National Union — Patriotic Front (ZANU‐PF) securing 62 (Endnote 1). The MDC's successes included all 27 contests in the three most populous urban areas (Harare, Bulawayo and Chitungwiza), and all the fully urbanised constituencies in the next six largest centres. There can be little doubt that, had the election been free and fair (which, clearly, it was not), the MDC would have won more constituencies than ZANU‐PF; though, since the president had the power to appoint an additional 30 MPs, one can be less certain that it would have obtained an overall parliamentary majority. Since the party had only existed for 16 months, this was a remarkable achievement, and in 2002, when Zimbabwe holds its presidential election, the MDC's leader, Morgan Tsvangirai, will be well placed to mount a victorious campaign.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 385-406
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704474
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704474
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:385-406
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jêdrzej Frynas
Author-X-Name-First: Jêdrzej
Author-X-Name-Last: Frynas
Author-Name: Matthias Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Author-Name: Kamel Mellahi
Author-X-Name-First: Kamel
Author-X-Name-Last: Mellahi
Title: Maintaining corporate dominance after decolonization: the ‘first mover advantage’ of Shell‐BP in Nigeria
Abstract: Nigeria's oil industry came into being during colonial rule. Preferential treatment by British colonial authorities had given a British oil company — Shell — a virtual monopoly over oil exploration in the country and Shell has remained the dominant oil company in Nigeria. While there is substantial evidence to suggest that Shell‐BP established its dominant position in Nigeria with the support of British colonial officials, it was by no means clear that Shell would be able to maintain this advantageous position. Indeed, the historical record shows that both the Nigerian government and a number of competitors posed a potential threat to Shell's dominant position. The purpose of this article is to answer the question why Shell was able to maintain a position of dominance in Nigeria. It examines Nigeria's diversification and nationalisation policies from the late 1950s to‐date with the view of identifying the factors which allowed Shell to maintain its position vis‐à‐vis potential competitors. This investigation is based on the analysis of secondary sources as well as documents from the Public Record Office (PRO) in London and the BP Archive. In order to explain Shell's dominance in Nigeria, the article proposes to utilise the concept of a ‘first mover advantage’. On the most basic level, this concept suggests that pioneering firms are able to obtain positive economic profits as the consequence of early market entry, that means, profits in excess of the cost of capital. The article concludes that a micro‐theoretical analysis based on the idea of a ‘first mover advantage’, which explores the position of individual corporate entities within a political economy framework, provides a superior explanation of Shell's dominance in Nigeria as compared to conventional macro‐theoretical structuralist approaches.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 407-425
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704475
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704475
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:407-425
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Clientelism, corruption & catastrophe
Abstract: In the previous issue of this journal (ROAPE 84), the author argued that international anti‐corruption efforts created conflicts between aid donors and African debtor governments because they attacked the ability of local interests to control and appropriate state resources. The control of corruption is an essential element in the legitimation of liberal democracy and in the promotion of global markets. However, it also threatens the local accumulation of wealth and property (dependent as it is on access to the state) in post‐colonial Africa. This article explores another dimension of this problem, namely the way in which clientelist forms of political mobilisation have promoted corruption and intensified crisis. Clientelism has been a key mechanism through which political interests have built the electoral support necessary to ensure access to the state's resources. In turn, it has shaped a politics of factional competition over power and resources, a politics obsessed with the division of the political spoils. The article argues that this process is not unique to Africa. What is different, however, is that factional conflict and its attendant corruption have had such devastating consequences. This reflects the particular forms which clientelism has taken on the continent. There is a need, it concludes, to find ways to shift African politics towards issues of social justice and government performance and away from a concern with a division of the state's resources.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 427-441
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704476
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:427-441
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Norma Krieger
Author-X-Name-First: Norma
Author-X-Name-Last: Krieger
Title: Zimbabwe today: hope against grim realities
Abstract: Zimbabwe's ruling party received the most serious challenge to its twenty year rule when a nine‐month old opposition party won almost 50% of the contested seats in the recent June 2000 parliamentary election. This update identifies the key contestants, their major electoral issues, their campaign strategies, and their electoral fortunes. It concludes with an attempt to make sense of current dynamics and possibilities. Most urgently, will the ruling party respond to the pressures of a new strong opposition to adhere to the rule of law or will it take the country further along the path of anarchy?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 443-450
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704477
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704477
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:443-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Ifeka
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Ifeka
Title: Ethnic ‘nationalities’, God & the state: Whither the federal republic of Nigeria?
Abstract: There is a continuing contradiction between the state as the corporate representation of Nigerian society and sectional (ethno‐religious) interests struggling to counter perceived margin‐alisation by revenue ‘sharing’ among patrons and clients (Joseph, 1987). Power elites in command of the centre identify with the state and proclaim its indivisible ‘unitary’ character; poly‐ethnic labour activists believe in the Federal Republic but criticise their exclusion from state power by a mege‐rich elite (Ojewale, 2000). Other (southern) leaders are so dissatisfied with the unitary Nigerian state that they are campaigning for a confederation of ethnic ‘nationalities’ or secession into independent republics. As well, certain northern leaders are emphasising the Islamic identity of the Hausa‐Fulani ‘nationality’ by substituting Shari'a law for the criminal code so some people believe core northern states are engaging in covert religio‐legal secession (Soyinka, 2000). The state and ethno‐religious sectionalism thus continue to interact, power elite networking and patronage ensuring that each party to the contradiction reproduces politically unitary and divisive forces in changing constellations, rendering uncertain indeed the outcome of present empowerment struggles. In this Briefing Caroline Ifeka explores current conflicts. She identifies historical constants in political relations between the state and ethno‐religious ‘nationalities’ and highlights those that are crumbling. As conflicts intensify the (unitary) viewpoints of certain power elites, reported daily in the print and visual media, become more strident. Ifeka compares these with the sectional perspectives of the struggling masses she encounters in tropical high forest villages, in vigilante meetings, and in guest houses in downtown city quarters. She asks: do current crises and discourses of ‘marginalisation’ constitute a penultimate phase in the history of a state born and governed through violence, and nurtured in mystifying discourses of ‘faith and unity'?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 450-459
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704478
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:450-459
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Britain and western sahara: examining the debate
Abstract: Over the last six months, the British Government has come under sustained pressure from MPs and Lords urging them to implement the UN Appeal Agreements. We estimate that a 100 MPs have written to the Government, either because of all the constituents' letters (your letters) or because they share the concerns of the Campaign. This shows how much concern there is in Parliament for the Saharawis.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 459-462
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704479
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704479
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:459-462
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: The Kenya SAREAT international IDEA democracy workshop
Abstract: The report of the Nairobi workshop on 22 June 2000 which follows forms part of a pilot project of democracy assessments conducted under the auspices of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) in Stockholm, and its Director of applied research, Dr. Patrick Molutsi. The purpose of these country assessments is to answer such questions as 'How democratic are we? How much progress have we made? Which are the issues that give the most cause for public concern, from a democratic point of view? The assessment framework being used has been developed through a process of widespread international consultation, and builds on a methodology that was first used for the Democratic Audit of the UK. The assessment criteria are derived in the first instance from basic democratic values, such as equality, participation, representativeness, accountability, solidarity, and only secondarily from the institutional arrangements through which these values are to a greater or lesser extent realised. Although the assessment framework provides a common instrument for use in any country, it treats democracy as a comparative matter - of more or less -and allows the in-country assessors to define for themselves what the appropriate standards or comparators for assessment should be, as well as how the assessment should be compiled and presented.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 462-468
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704480
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704480
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:462-468
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Author-Name: Paul Burkett
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Burkett
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: Uneven Zimbabwe: A Study of Finance, Development and Underdevelopmentby Patrick Bond, Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998. pp. xxviii, 515. ISBN 0–86543–539–1, Paperback ($24.95).
Journal:
Pages: 469-475
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704481
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704481
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:469-475
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Policing Africa: Internal Security and the Limits of Liberalization(2000), by Alice Hills, Lynne Reinner. Conflict and Growth in Africa,Volume 1: The Sahel,Volume 2: Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda,Volume 3: Southern Africa(1999), by Jean Paul Azam et al., Development Centre Studies, OECD, Paris. An Introduction to African Politics(2000), by Alex Thomson, Routledge. Identity Transformation and Identity Politics under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria(2000), by Attahiru Jega (ed.), Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Uppsala and Centre for Research and Documentation, Kano. Africa in the Global Economy(2000), Richard E Mshomba, Lynne Reinner. Adjustment, Employment and Missing Institutions in Africa: The Experience in Eastern and Southern Africa(1999), W Van der Geest and R Van der Hoeven, International Labour Office, Geneva; James Currey, Oxford.
Journal:
Pages: 476-478
Issue: 85
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704482
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704482
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:85:p:476-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704579
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704579
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Sovereignty, democracy & Zimbabwe's tragedy
Journal:
Pages: 5-20
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704580
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704580
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:5-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lloyd Sachikonye
Author-X-Name-First: Lloyd
Author-X-Name-Last: Sachikonye
Title: Whither Zimbabwe? crisis & democratisation
Abstract: When it attained its independence in 1980, there were high hopes expressed for Zimbabwe's political and economic future. It was amongst the top four more industrialized countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa; it possessed a more diversified economy than most countries; and it had a better human resource base than most; and it had a middle‐income status. Comparatively speaking, therefore, Zimbabwe had better prospects of making a head start in economic and political development than most countries on the continent. For some years, especially in its first decade of independence, it appeared to live up to some of these expectations. There were considerable investments in social development (characterised by a massive expansion in the education and social sectors); the economy itself grew; and it quickly became the regional breadbasket. Furthermore, the country was an oasis of stability in a region then mired in turmoil from Angola to Mozambique, and in liberation struggles from Namibia to South Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 13-20
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704581
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704581
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:13-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maha Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Maha
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Title: The politics of ‘uncivil’ society in Egypt
Abstract: This article investigates the concept of civil society. It argues that the recent celebration of the concept as the domain of freedom and justice and as a panacea for the ills of state‐led development models has underestimated its inherent weaknesses and limitations. The portrayal of the concept in both academic and policy circles is often based on ideological convictions and uncritical adulation rather than empirical evidence and rigorous analysis. Tracing the historical development of the concept, the article provides an alternative view of the conflictual, often reactionary nature of civil society organisations. The Egyptian case offers empirical demonstration of how the state is no longer the prime authoritarian force in repressing civil society organisation. Instead, civil society has become an arena for political conflict and its organisations have been seized by representatives of contending political programmes that often resort to violence and repression to suppress other groups within civil society.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 21-35
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704582
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704582
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:21-35
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judy El‐Bushra
Author-X-Name-First: Judy
Author-X-Name-Last: El‐Bushra
Author-Name: Chris Dolan
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolan
Title: Don't touch, just listen! popular performance from Uganda
Abstract: The power of ‘indigenous performance forms’ to mobilise popular energy and enthusiasm has led politicians, political activists and non‐government agencies in Africa and elsewhere to see them both as a threat and an opportunity. This article examines some of the ways in which ‘external’ actors have sought to harness ‐ and in the process either reinforce, redirect, or indeed at times to neutralise ‐ the power of popular expression. The first section examines the importance of indigenous performance in charting people's history and reflecting popular world views, and then identifies some of the ways in which governments, political activists and NGOs have appropriated it for their programmes. The second section presents examples from Uganda, which exemplify some of the issues around the use of popular forms of expression in the service of external agendas. In the discussion and conclusions we take issue with the concept of ‘indigenous performance’, and warn against assuming that ‘indigenous performances’ are automatically authentic in what they have to say. We also argue that the subversive elements of ‘indigenous performance’ are likely to be highly resilient to such manipulation. Just as external actors may abuse the form by imposing a foreign content, so local actors may play with an apparently innocuous form to transmit critical messages ‐ to a limited range of peers. In the light of these discussions, the pros and cons of politicians and NGOs using indigenous performance forms as a development communication strategy are assessed.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 37-52
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704583
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:37-52
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Bank corruption becomes site of struggle in Mozambique
Abstract: Three people have been murdered for investigating corruption in the Mozambican banking system and the loss of more than $400 million. All countries use banks politically, and in Mozambique, the banks were first used to build socialism, then to keep the country running during the war, and finally in the new capitalist era to promote local entrepreneurs and keep the economy out of foreign hands. But the nature of socialist banking and the process of transition combined to create the conditions under which powerful individuals could use the banking system for accumulation. But this has been contested, and there is an ongoing struggle within the elite between those groups which back what Peter Evans calls the ‘predatory’ and ‘developmental’ states. The recent murders suggest this contest is becoming more acute. Finally, we note that a key role has been played by the international financial institutions, which in their doctrinaire opposition to any serious role for the state chose to back the predatory state faction.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 53-72
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704584
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:53-72
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamud Khalif
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamud
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalif
Author-Name: Martin Doornbos
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Doornbos
Title: The Somali region in ethiopia: a neglected human rights tragedy
Abstract: This article reviews Ethiopia's human rights record with a particular focus on the human rights situation in the Somali region. Attention is paid to the atrocities committed against civilians, specifically community and political leaders as well as members of the Somali State legislature. Furthermore, the 2000 famine is discussed as a human rights issue in the light of indications that this famine was deliberately choreographed. The article also explores human rights violations inflicted upon the Somali region's population following the discovery of natural gas and the denial of benefits thereof to the local community. In conclusion some future scenarios are examined to ascertain to what extent they might possibly change the prospects for the people in the Somali region.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 73-94
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704585
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:73-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gibbon
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbon
Title: Present‐day capitalism, the new international trade regime & Africa
Abstract: This article contributes to the analysis of the effects of globalisation on Africa's economy, on the basis of discussions of emerging trends in the industrial organisation of present‐day capitalism, and in the nature of the international trade regime emerging from the Uruguay Round. On this basis, recent and current developments in the Africa clothing and horticulture sectors are described. The paper argues that certain aspects of the current international trade regime provide scope for Africa to play a heightened role in the global economy in the these two sectors. However, the emergence of the global ‘contract manufacturing’ phenomenon, and the institutionalisation of process‐based food safety standards, implies that the main winners in this scenario will be large‐scale transnational enterprises.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 95-112
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704586
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:95-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Debate intensifies over adjustment & press freedom in Mozambique
Abstract: A criminal slander action brought by the son of the president of Mozambique against a journalist and the children of an assassinated editor have brought to the surface debates on race, development strategy and the role of the press. These are taking place in the shadow of Zimbabwe and in the context of international donors wanting to give more money to Mozambique because it is seen as a success story of World Bank and IMF policies.
Journal:
Pages: 113-116
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704587
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:113-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Basil Davidson: the Portuguese revolution & Africa
Journal:
Pages: 117-119
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704588
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704588
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:117-119
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plaut
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaut
Title: The birth of the Eritrean reform movement
Journal:
Pages: 119-124
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704589
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:119-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Peace in the horn of Africa
Journal:
Pages: 124-127
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704590
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704590
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:124-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Brittain
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Brittain
Title: Jonas Savimbi, 1934–2002
Journal:
Pages: 128-130
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704591
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:128-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Robson
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Robson
Title: Angola after Savimbi
Journal:
Pages: 130-132
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704592
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:130-132
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andre Le Sage
Author-X-Name-First: Andre
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Sage
Title: Somalia: Sovereign disguise for a Mogadishu Mafia
Journal:
Pages: 132-138
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704593
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:132-138
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hilary Burns
Author-X-Name-First: Hilary
Author-X-Name-Last: Burns
Title: Barney Simon & the theatre of struggle
Journal:
Pages: 138-143
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704594
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704594
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:138-143
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: The final list of 100 titles selected by the panel of judges for the Africa's 100 Best Books of the 20th Centuryawards was announced on 18 February in Ghana. The announcement by the chair of the panel of judges, Professor Njabulo Ndebele, follows. You can view the full list of 100 titles on the website of the Zimbabwe International Book Fair www.zibf.org
Journal:
Pages: 145-148
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704595
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704595
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:145-148
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 148-149
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704596
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:148-149
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredeth Turshen
Author-X-Name-First: Meredeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Turshen
Title: Introduction
Abstract: The following document is reprinted with the permission of our ACAS colleagues in the US (see their web site at http://acas.prairenet.org/). ACAS has chosen to address the role of western oil companies in Africa in order to see if activists running campaigns in the US, Africa and Europe could together develop a more robust position on oil, development, human rights and the environment. Our aim is to share analyses, strategies and tactics and to help other groups make oil a focus of their work in these four years of the US oil presidency. This issue of the Bulletin will, we hope, open a vigorous debate about oil and energy alternatives, about extractive industries and development, as well as about globalization and the looting of Africa's other resources, including biodiversity.
Journal:
Pages: 151-153
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704597
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:151-153
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Fleshman
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleshman
Title: The international community & the crisis in Nigeria's oil producing communities
Journal:
Pages: 153-163
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704598
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:153-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Okechukwu Ibeanu
Author-X-Name-First: Okechukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibeanu
Title: Janus Unbound: petrobusiness & petropolitics in the Niger Delta
Journal:
Pages: 163-167
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704599
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:163-167
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Reeves
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Reeves
Title: Oil development in Sudan
Journal:
Pages: 167-169
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704600
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:167-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Delphine Djiraibe
Author-X-Name-First: Delphine
Author-X-Name-Last: Djiraibe
Title: Chad oil: why develop it?
Journal:
Pages: 170-173
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704601
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704601
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:170-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Korinna Horta
Author-X-Name-First: Korinna
Author-X-Name-Last: Horta
Title: NGO efforts in Africa's largest oil project
Journal:
Pages: 173-177
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704602
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704602
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:173-177
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Gary
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Gary
Title: Africa's Churches wake up to oil's problems & possibilities
Journal:
Pages: 177-183
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704603
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:177-183
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredeth Turshen
Author-X-Name-First: Meredeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Turshen
Title: Algerian oil & gas
Journal:
Pages: 184-186
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704604
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:184-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Oilwatch Africa, general assembly communiqué
Journal:
Pages: 186-187
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704605
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:186-187
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Caffentzis
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Caffentzis
Title: Oil, Islam & September 11: an essay addressed to the anti‐globalization movement
Journal:
Pages: 187-198
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704606
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:187-198
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredeth Turshen
Author-X-Name-First: Meredeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Turshen
Title: Algeria: contested & embattled
Abstract: A decade of violence and news of bloody massacres have replaced the positive images of Algeria ‐ the FLN's successful fight to liberate the country from French colonialism, which was captured for many of us in Pontecorvo's film, The Battle of Algiers; the pioneering writings of Frantz Fanon based on his Algerian experience; and Algeria's leadership (with Cuba) of the Group of 77, which launched the New International Economic Order in 1974 and called for self‐reliant national development grounded in a strategy of collective Third World action.
Journal:
Pages: 198-200
Issue: 91
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704607
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:91:p:198-200
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Capps
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Capps
Title: Labour in the time of platinum
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 497-507
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1108747
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1108747
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:497-507
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kally Forrest
Author-X-Name-First: Kally
Author-X-Name-Last: Forrest
Title: Rustenburg's labour recruitment regime: shifts and new meanings
Abstract:
In South Africa's democracy, the dismantling of the apartheid low-wage migrant labour system has been a stated goal of the state and trade unions. Through an investigation of the recruitment regime on the Rustenburg platinum belt, this article demonstrates how mine managements have responded to the goal of guaranteeing a continued supply of cheap and plentiful labour, how it has manipulated the unionised labour market, how it has ensured labour's consent in its project and how this has impacted on workers. Using Michael Burawoy's (1983) conceptual distinction between ‘despotic’ and ‘hegemonic’ labour regimes which embraces the idea of the politics of production, the article demonstrates how migrant labour recruitment patterns contain continuities, but have also fractured under the impact of neoliberal flexible labour patterns, the state's transformational laws which particularly impact on non-South African labour, and the local labour market characterised by deep structural unemployment. Workers have in some measure benefited from changed recruitment patterns, but for many it has rendered their position increasingly precarious and has simultaneously segmented the solidarity of labour, resulting in some segments of mine labour belonging to the new democratic dispensation more than others.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 508-525
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085850
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:508-525
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andries Bezuidenhout
Author-X-Name-First: Andries
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezuidenhout
Author-Name: Sakhela Buhlungu
Author-X-Name-First: Sakhela
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhlungu
Title: Enclave Rustenburg: platinum mining and the post-apartheid social order
Abstract:
In the absence of a levelling out of income and resources, as well as arbitrary violence in everyday life, the post-apartheid social order is characterised by the formation of various enclaves. In the platinum mining town of Rustenburg, these enclaves are constructed on the foundations of the apartheid categories ‘suburb’, ‘compound’, ‘township’ and ‘homeland’. Such enclaves include security villages, converted compounds with access control, and informal settlements with distinctive gender, linguistic and class formations. The article draws on David Harvey's formulation of absolute, relative and relational space and the case of Rustenburg to elaborate the concept of enclave further.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 526-544
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1087395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1087395
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:526-544
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asanda Benya
Author-X-Name-First: Asanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Benya
Title: The invisible hands: women in Marikana
Abstract:
When we think of Marikana we think of the infamous event that took place on 16 August 2012, leading to the death of 34 striking miners. Scholarly analysis takes this further than the event to broader labour–capital relations. While useful, the examination of Marikana through this lens tends to privilege the production sphere and lends itself mainly to the exploration of the workplace; the workers, their employers and the union. In this article, the author argues that exclusive reliance on this lens is inadequate and inevitably results in many silences, one of which is the silencing of the reproduction sphere and, by extension, women. To fully understand Marikana the event, one has to understand Marikana the location, and hence realities and conditions on the ground. Such an analysis of Marikana is not only useful because it sheds light on the reproduction space, but also because it allows us to look at women who are usually ignored when talking about mines.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 545-560
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1087394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1087394
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:545-560
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Dunbar Moodie
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunbar Moodie
Title: ‘Igneous’ means fire from below: the tumultuous history of the National Union of Mineworkers on the South African platinum mines
Abstract:
From the time Impala dismissed its entire workforce in 1986 up to and well beyond the Marikana massacre, the National Union of Mineworkers has struggled to organise the platinum mines of the Bushveld Igneous Complex. This article focuses on two case studies that highlight the fundamental importance of informal networks for organising mine workers. While the union now seems seriously at risk, it has never had an easy time in Rustenburg. Worker committees are not a new phenomenon there. Nor is insurgency. Mineworkers in South Africa, like mineworkers worldwide, have never been passive recipients of direction from above.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 561-576
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1088432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1088432
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:561-576
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Crispen Chinguno
Author-X-Name-First: Crispen
Author-X-Name-Last: Chinguno
Title: The unmaking and remaking of industrial relations: the case of Impala Platinum and the 2012–2013 platinum strike wave
Abstract:
This article reviews a form of corporatism, underpinned by the institutionalisation of industrial relations as a means of attaining order post-apartheid. Drawing from the experience of Impala Platinum, it examines why an industrial relations system may become inadequate, generating insurgent unionism. The article shows how corporatism comes with a cost, undermining trade union internal democracy and alienating it from the shop floor. The article argues that the institutionalisation of industrial relations is not fixed but precarious and is continuously being reconfigured, generating new forms of conflict and solidarity. Moreover, it crystallises a particular balance of organisational and institutional power that may be configured into various forms. Ultimately, the crisis of the National Union of Mineworkers presented in this case study highlights the crisis of the corporatist social contract that constitutes the basis of post-apartheid order.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 577-590
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1087396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1087396
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:577-590
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luke Sinwell
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinwell
Title: ‘AMCU by day, workers’ committee by night’: Insurgent Trade Unionism at Anglo Platinum (Amplats) mine, 2012–2014
Abstract:
This article investigates the relationship between the workers’ committee, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) and the Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU) at Amplats between 2012 and 2014. Drawing from in-depth interviews with worker leaders, it explores the contestation over representation and recognition in the platinum mines during a time when workers waged historic strikes putting forward radical demands for pay increases. There has been a rocky transition (one that is incomplete) from the values and culture of the workers’ committee at Amplats to that of the union – AMCU. Gouldner's critique of Michels’ classic ‘Iron Law of Oligarchy’ provides a useful starting point from which to understand this transition as well as the contemporary mineworkers’ movement in South Africa more generally. Gouldner suggested that Michels ignored democratic impulses thereby putting forth a model which was monolithic and static rather than socially constructed and contextually specific. The article advances the concept of Insurgent Trade Unionism in order to argue that when the rank and file takes on an insurgent character, the trade union's bureaucratic or official power (at the national, regional and branch level) becomes marginal, but only relatively so in this case, as the events reveal.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 591-605
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1086325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1086325
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:591-605
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Capps
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Capps
Author-Name: Sonwabile Mnwana
Author-X-Name-First: Sonwabile
Author-X-Name-Last: Mnwana
Title: Claims from below: platinum and the politics of land in the Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela traditional authority area
Abstract:
Drawing on a detailed study of three village-level disputes in the Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela traditional authority area, this article explores how intensifying land struggles on the platinum belt around Rustenburg are being mediated through conflicts over group boundaries and identities, and how this in turn is articulating a potentially new yet contradictory rural class politics. In a context where chiefly authorities are themselves becoming major shareholders in local mining operations, the burning question is whether the ‘tribe’ should be treated as the only legitimate African land-holding unit, or whether the collective ownership of mineralised land should reside in smaller socio-political groups, typically claiming decent from its original buyers. The article finds that while contested constructions of rural ‘community’ are emerging as a significant means of defending or advancing popular claims over landed resources, these corporate forms of organisation are simultaneously riven by gender, generational and other social divisions, and are prone to replicating the tribalist logics they seek to challenge. The attempt to establish private property rights through more exclusionary group definitions may therefore also act as an equally divisive force against those labelled ‘outsiders’, not least migrant mineworkers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 606-624
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1108746
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1108746
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:606-624
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nyonde Ntswana
Author-X-Name-First: Nyonde
Author-X-Name-Last: Ntswana
Title: Striking together: women workers in the 2012 platinum dispute
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 625-632
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1088706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1088706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:625-632
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Stewart
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart
Title: Accelerated mechanisation and the demise of a mass-based labour force? Platinum mines in South Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 633-642
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1087397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1087397
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:633-642
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Bowman
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowman
Author-Name: Gilad Isaacs
Author-X-Name-First: Gilad
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaacs
Title: The 2014 platinum strike: narratives and numbers
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 643-656
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1084912
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084912
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:643-656
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dick Forslund
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Forslund
Title: Briefing on the report
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 657-665
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085217
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085217
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:657-665
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonard Gentle
Author-X-Name-First: Leonard
Author-X-Name-Last: Gentle
Title: What about the workers? The demise of COSATU and the emergence of a new movement
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 666-677
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085729
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:666-677
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Dwyer
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Dwyer
Title: The global development crisis
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 678-680
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1113653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1113653
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:678-680
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin
Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng-Odoom
Title: Oil, democracy, and development in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 681-682
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1113654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1113654
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:681-682
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 146
Volume: 42
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1091579
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1091579
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2015:i:146:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Title: On political economies of governance and resistance to (mis)rule
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-9
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1315238
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1315238
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:1-9
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Biniam E. Bedasso
Author-X-Name-First: Biniam E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedasso
Title: For richer, for poorer: why ethnicity often trumps economic cleavages in Kenya
Abstract:
This article aims to examine why ethnic allegiances have persisted as the most dominant platform used by the elites to organise collective action in Kenya. The author formulates a broad theoretical framework centred around the organisational role of ethnicity in negotiating social orders. Empirically, it is shown that ethnic allegiances in Kenya are deeply rooted in group inequalities and feelings of historical injustice. Moreover, the historical structure of the economy has skewed the distribution of economic rents toward group-specific activities and resources. Therefore, the early institutions of the country were designed in such a way that the stability of political order would depend on the elites’ ability to use ethnicity as a bargaining chip. Ethnicity continues to be politically salient partly because economic rents are not individualised enough to sustainably support trans-ethnic forms of organisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 10-29
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1169164
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1169164
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:10-29
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Marco Conteh
Author-X-Name-First: Felix Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Conteh
Title: Politics, development and the instrumentalisation of (de)centralisation in Sierra Leone
Abstract:
The politics of decentralisation reforms in Sierra Leone are unpredictable and instructive. This article, based on fieldwork, analyses party politics within the context of decentralisation, arguing that the imperatives of post-conflict decentralisation are not necessarily embedded in technical considerations, but in processes of political compromise and accommodation. Decentralisation has helped facilitate the re-emergence of the old political order, in that the country’s main political parties have secured a consensus through which they have reconfigured the post-conflict state on their own terms. This study reveals that the narrative of a ‘divide’ within the political class is exaggerated, and illustrates the homogeneity and interconnectedness of its interests. The extent to which the ‘peace’ will be sustained by this compromise is uncertain, but this framing is useful in understanding the political economy in which ‘fragility’ and ‘peace’ co-exist, illuminating the political class’s agency, as well as its ability to ‘unite’ against ‘others’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 30-46
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1267618
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1267618
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:30-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: An Ansoms
Author-X-Name-First: An
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansoms
Author-Name: Esther Marijnen
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: Marijnen
Author-Name: Giuseppe Cioffo
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Cioffo
Author-Name: Jude Murison
Author-X-Name-First: Jude
Author-X-Name-Last: Murison
Title: Statistics versus livelihoods: questioning Rwanda’s pathway out of poverty
Abstract:
Recent statistics indicate that poverty in Rwanda decreased impressively between 2006 and 2014. This seems to confirm Rwanda’s developmental progress. This article however argues for a more cautious interpretation of household survey data. The authors contrast macro-level statistical analysis with in-depth field research on livelihood conditions. Macro-economic numbers provide interesting information, however differentiated evidence is required to understand how poverty ‘works’ in everyday life. On the basis of the Rwandan case study, the authors conclude that because of the high political stakes of data collection and analysis, and given that relations of power influence the production of knowledge on poverty, cross-checking is crucial.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 47-65
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214119
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:47-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Papa Faye
Author-X-Name-First: Papa
Author-X-Name-Last: Faye
Title: The politics of recognition, and the manufacturing of citizenship and identity in Senegal’s decentralised charcoal market
Abstract:
This article shows how state politics of (re)allocation of rights and resources to social groups within a society (recognition) are constructive of distinct abilities to shape the fate of the political economy of natural resources (citizenship) and of specific images of self (identities). It departs from the politics of recognition applied by the Forest Service to private merchants and forest villagers in Eastern Senegal. Herein, I theorise citizenship and identity as effects of the politics of recognition and redistribution, emphasising that identities are culturally bounded categories, but are also products (through reclassification) of public institutions’ discourses, legal ordinances and practices.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 66-84
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1295366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1295366
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:66-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Regina Fernández y Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: Marta Regina
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández y Garcia
Title: Rethinking peace-building practices through the Somaliland experience
Abstract:
Reflecting on the Somali case, the article argues that the systematic failures of international interventions in the country have largely derived from the modernising orientation underlying UN peace-building practices. Following this logic, the solution to the Somali problem becomes dependent upon the construction of a centralised authority. Resisting an alternative romanticisation of the Somaliland experiment, the article suggests that the multiple attempts to build a sui generis model of democracy, which combines Western and local forms of governance, are giving way to a hybrid political order that may, in turn, help us to rethink UN peace-building practices in less ethnocentric terms.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 85-103
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1267619
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1267619
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:85-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabela Nogueira
Author-X-Name-First: Isabela
Author-X-Name-Last: Nogueira
Author-Name: Ossi Ollinaho
Author-X-Name-First: Ossi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ollinaho
Author-Name: Eduardo Costa Pinto
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo Costa
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto
Author-Name: Grasiela Baruco
Author-X-Name-First: Grasiela
Author-X-Name-Last: Baruco
Author-Name: Alexis Saludjian
Author-X-Name-First: Alexis
Author-X-Name-Last: Saludjian
Author-Name: José Paulo Guedes Pinto
Author-X-Name-First: José Paulo Guedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto
Author-Name: Paulo Balanco
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Balanco
Author-Name: Carlos Schonerwald
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Schonerwald
Title: Mozambican economic porosity and the role of Brazilian capital: a political economy analysis
Abstract:
After two decades of high growth and increased levels of foreign investment, Mozambique continues to face serious problems in reducing poverty. This article investigates the characteristics of Brazilian aid to and investment in Mozambique and scrutinises how these activities relate to the Mozambican growth. Combining the literature on the porosity of Mozambican growth with an analysis of the class dynamics of Brazilian accumulation, this article identifies the class fractions that sustained the Brazilian neo-developmental attempt and their capital internationalisation into Africa. Moreover, it empirically details their role in giving form to porosity in the Mozambique economy and promoting private gains at the expense of social losses.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 104-121
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1295367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1295367
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:104-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Author-Name: Thembela Kepe
Author-X-Name-First: Thembela
Author-X-Name-Last: Kepe
Title: Elite capture and state neglect: new evidence on South Africa’s land reform
Abstract:
The most recent incarnation of South Africa’s land reform is a model of state purchase of farms to be provided on leasehold, rather than transferring title. This briefing presents headline findings from our field research in one district.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 122-130
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1288615
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1288615
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:122-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Reuss
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Reuss
Author-Name: Kristof Titeca
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof
Author-X-Name-Last: Titeca
Title: Beyond ethnicity: the violence in Western Uganda and Rwenzori’s 99 problems
Abstract:
In the Rwenzori region, a range of historical, socio-economic and political tensions have in past years resulted in a series of deadly clashes between different ethnic communities. Patronage politics of recognition of cultural kingdoms and district creation critically drives the manifestation of these tensions in ethnic violence, especially in the context of electoral contest.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 131-141
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1270928
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1270928
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:131-141
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: The African middle class(es) – in the middle of what?
Abstract:
This Briefing/Debate article critically engages with the middle class phenomenon, which emerged as a prominent focus in Development Studies a decade ago and has more recently also become the subject of more informed African Studies, adding necessary and more nuanced analysis.1 It critically examines the background and assumptions of the debate, pointing out the lack of class analysis, and suggests that the current focus still partly distracts from the underlying issues.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 142-154
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1245183
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1245183
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:142-154
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Burkina Faso: from Thomas Sankara to popular resistance
Abstract:
Arguably the résistance populaire across Burkina Faso in September 2015 against the coup led by members of the old regime was as significant as the uprising that toppled Blaise Compaoré in October 2014. This Briefing attempts to unpick the significance and extent of the popular resistance.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 155-164
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1251200
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1251200
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:155-164
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Habtom Yohannes
Author-X-Name-First: Habtom
Author-X-Name-Last: Yohannes
Title: Understanding Eritrea: inside Africa's most repressive state
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 165-169
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1297030
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1297030
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:165-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Africa: why economists get it wrong
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 170-172
Issue: 151
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1249705
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1249705
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:151:p:170-172
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Natural resources, economic rents and social justice in contemporary Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 533-539
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1251715
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1251715
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:533-539
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Call for Speakers/Papers
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 540-541
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1250552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1250552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:540-541
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nathan Munier
Author-X-Name-First: Nathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Munier
Title: Diamonds, dependence and De Beers: monopoly capitalism and compliance with the Kimberley Process in Namibia
Abstract:
Why has Namibia, with a dependency on alluvial diamond wealth and location in sub-Saharan Africa, been able to comply with the Kimberley Process while other states in the region have not? The author's objective is to account for how domestic political economy can influence international agreements. He argues that diamond dependency in Namibia has facilitated compliance with the Kimberley Process. The case of how Namibia has responded to the Kimberley Process illustrates how De Beers has been able to constrain domestic policy and use the Kimberley Process as a way to maintain a virtual monopoly in domestic diamond production.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 542-555
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085380
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:542-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khadija Sharife
Author-X-Name-First: Khadija
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharife
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: Diamond pricing and valuation in South Africa’s extractive political economy
Abstract:
This article explores the valuation and marketisation of diamonds in South Africa from 2004 to 2012. It argues that there is no positivist foundation for a ‘real’ or ‘fair’ price from which derogations can be measured, which constitutes a challenge for establishing transfer pricing in the context of tax justice. Instead, there is a performative valuation process wherein artificial underlying values are assigned which then condition prices and tax liabilities. Thus it is not the essential nature of diamonds per se that conditions a ‘resource curse’, but corporate control over the marketisation process in the context of enclavity and oligopoly.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 556-575
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1177504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1177504
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:556-575
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Nabieu Rogers
Author-X-Name-First: Steven Nabieu
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogers
Title: Rethinking ‘expert sense’ in international development: the case of Sierra Leone’s housing policy
Abstract:
Experts have come to dominate global economic policies under certain institutional ideological discourse. But what happens when most of the policy players in developing countries do not belong to globalised institutions? This article interrogates the role of national officials in reinforcing Western institutional hegemony. A review of housing policies in Sierra Leone since independence, and interviews with housing sector officials, show that the current manifestation of such superstructure and its reinforcing nature also mask new economic interests. The review shows that local national officials, who are often presented as passive objects of power, actually have enormous interpretive agency, and the aggressive articulation of their exclusionary approach demonstrates specific actionable interventions which enable them to create space and advantage for themselves. The lack of a new articulative strategy means that commitment to local content remains only as paper plans and symbolic gestures.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 576-591
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1169163
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1169163
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:576-591
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joschka Philipps
Author-X-Name-First: Joschka
Author-X-Name-Last: Philipps
Title: Crystallising contention: social movements, protests and riots in African Studies
Abstract:
This article critically reviews the recent debate on social movements and protests in African Studies. It problematises prevailing conceptualisations, addresses the methodological difficulties of data gathering and scrutinises theoretical references in contemporary scholarship. As an alternative to established approaches and based on fieldwork in Conakry and Kampala, the author suggests capturing the dynamic nature of protest movements through the concept of crystallisation. Inspired by philosopher Gilbert Simondon, the crystallisation concept grasps protests as processes emerging from everyday urban politics and reflexively considers the researcher as part of the phenomena he or she describes.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 592-607
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1171206
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1171206
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:592-607
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Chaney
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaney
Title: Mind the gap? Civil society policy engagement and the pursuit of gender justice: critical discourse analysis of the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action in Africa 2003–2015
Abstract:
This article presents critical discourse analysis of state and civil society organisations’ efforts to implement the gender mainstreaming goals set out in the United Nations’ Beijing Declaration. It is argued that the latter represents a generational opportunity to apply a Feminist Political Economic Framework to development in Africa. However, the research findings show how current practice falls short of the sought-after participative democratic model of mainstreaming. Instead, analysis reveals significant differences in state and civil society organisations’ policy framing, issues over conceptual clarity and a disjuncture in state and civil society prioritisation of key gendered issues such as poverty, economic inequality and conflict resolution. This matters because it indicates that the capacity of the civil sphere to act as a political arena from which NGOs may challenge the traditionally male-dominated power structures is being undermined by a ‘disconnect’ between state and civil society as they pursue contrasting agendas.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 608-629
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1170675
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1170675
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:608-629
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pritish Behuria
Author-X-Name-First: Pritish
Author-X-Name-Last: Behuria
Title: Centralising rents and dispersing power while pursuing development? Exploring the strategic uses of military firms in Rwanda
Abstract:
The Rwandan Patriotic Front has achieved significant economic progress while also maintaining political stability. However, frictions among ruling elites have threatened progress. This paper explores the use of military firms in Rwanda. Such firms are used to invest in strategic industries, but the use of such firms reflects the vulnerability faced by ruling elites. Military firms serve two related purposes. First, ruling elites use such firms to centralise rents and invest in strategic sectors. Second, the proliferation of such enterprises and the separation of party- and military-owned firms contribute to dispersing power within a centralised hierarchy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 630-647
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1128407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1128407
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:630-647
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Daley
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Daley
Author-Name: Rowan Popplewell
Author-X-Name-First: Rowan
Author-X-Name-Last: Popplewell
Title: The appeal of third termism and militarism in Burundi
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 648-657
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1111202
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1111202
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:648-657
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanja R. Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Title: Representing Eritrea: geopolitics and narratives of oppression
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 658-667
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1111201
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1111201
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:658-667
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hamza Hamouchene
Author-X-Name-First: Hamza
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamouchene
Author-Name: Brahim Rouabah
Author-X-Name-First: Brahim
Author-X-Name-Last: Rouabah
Title: The political economy of regime survival: Algeria in the context of the African and Arab uprisings
Abstract:
This briefing analyses the ways in which the Algerian regime has navigated the multi-dimensional crisis it has been faced with over the last two decades, and the political economy of its survival in a turbulent regional and international geopolitical context characterised by the African and Arab uprisings and the reaction of status quo forces to this phenomenon.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 668-680
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1213714
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1213714
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:668-680
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Pan-Africanism and Communism: the Communist International, Africa and the diaspora, 1919–1939
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 681-684
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1249707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1249707
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:681-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 150
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1270882
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1270882
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:150:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Africa's future: that sinking feeling
Journal:
Pages: 149-153
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704522
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:149-153
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bonnie Campbell
Author-X-Name-First: Bonnie
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell
Title: Governance, institutional reform & the state: international financial institutions & political transition in Africa
Abstract: This article argues that certain aspects of the institutional reforms which seek to achieve good governance, by treating political institutions and processes as manageable and essentially technical issues, seems instead to have contributed to the narrowing of political space and to the informalisation of politics. The argument is illustrated with reference to the recent experience of political transition in Côte d'Ivoire. The text analyses the compatibility between the institutional reforms introduced at the recommendation of the Bretton Woods institutions and the economic austerity which has resulted from recent decisions on the one hand, and on the other, the conditions necessary for the broadening of political space — the very issue on which depends the success of the transition itself. On the basis of the several observable current trends, the article concludes by raising the possibility that the transition may well result not only in the mere prolonging of past modes of political and economic regulation, but also in a gradual shifting away from a liberal pluralist model based on a participatory and inclusive ideal of politics, to an authoritarian one based on a technocratic ideal, likely to give rise to strategies of division and exclusion.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 155-176
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704523
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:155-176
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: Jeremy Holland
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Holland
Title: Human rights & development in Africa: moral intrusion or empowering opportunity?
Abstract: Throughout the 1990s the debates about human rights and development have increasingly converged. The article asks whether the emerging human rights‐based approach to development, honed in the period of revisionist neo‐liberalism, can deliver meaningful improvements to the African crisis.It begins by outlining the evolution of the rights‐based development agenda in order to understand how the present agenda is defined. The next section examines the theoretical underpinnings of the current rights‐based development agenda and summarises two recent reports which place such concerns at their centre. From there we examine the implementation of rights‐based procedures in Africa and assess the moral and practical implications of the rights agenda for Africa. We conclude by arguing that the emphasis on economic and developmental rights should be welcomed, because it raises the possibility of cementing the right to a decent standard of living. However, the potential exists for the rights‐based agenda to be used as a new form of conditionality which usurps national sovereignty and by handing the responsibility for defending rights to authoritarian states the process does little to challenge the power structures which may have precipitated rights abuses in the first place. Finally, the emphasis on universal rights, as defined through largely western experiences, limits the relevance of rights to local circumstances and thereby effects another form of Eurocentric violence which seeks to normalise a self‐serving social vision. Hence, only by embedding discussions of rights in the locally meaningful struggles that confront impoverished Africans and by promoting broader and direct participation which, crucially, promotes self‐determination can a rights agenda more thoroughly promote African development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 177-196
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704524
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:177-196
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rok Ajulu
Author-X-Name-First: Rok
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajulu
Title: Kenya: one step forward, three steps back: the succession dilemma
Abstract: Despite the optimism in 1992, that competitive multi‐party politics would create effective and meaningful democratic politics in Kenya, there has been a process of political deliberalisation and politicisation of ethnic politics. There is, moreover, little prospect that President Moi will give way to a replacement at the end of his second five‐year term in 2002. There is even less chance that effective political democracy is likely in Kenya in the foreseeable future.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 197-212
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704525
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:197-212
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A B Zack‐Williams
Author-X-Name-First: A B
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack‐Williams
Title: No democracy, no development: reflections on democracy & development in Africa
Abstract: This article is a contribution to the debate on the state, democracy and economic development in Africa. It examines the process of the decline of political pluralism in Africa not long after independence, to be replaced by the omnipotent one‐party state, and the rationale for this transition. It examines recent moves towards democratisation in Africa pointing to the implications for development and argues that democracy, defined as the ability of a people to control decision‐making, is a sine qua non for development. Given the divide between owners of the major means of production (the ruling class who shape the destiny of the social formation) and the governing class (who are only in formal control of the state apparatus), it is argued that contrary to the neo‐liberal dictate of destatization, the role of the state in economic transformation is crucial. Far from rolling back the state, state capacity needs to be strengthened and this would have to be at the expense of the proliferation of unaccountable non‐governmental organisations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 213-223
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704526
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704526
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:213-223
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: The Ethiopian coffee & its institutions:
Abstract: From the middle of the last century coffee has been the major source of foreign exchange for the Ethiopian economy and its governments. The bulk of production comes from small‐scale peasant producers located in parts of the south, southwest and east of the country, from where it is channelled through a largely privately owned marketing system to auction in Addis Ababa or Dire Dawa. It is then purchased by exporters for further processing and onward shipment. This marketing structure has evolved in a highly regulated way, comprising a set of institutional relationships which are not the product of chance and which in a number of respects predate both the current government and the Derg. As such the coffee filiereoffers an interesting case study of the relative merits of an analysis built upon the principles of ‘new institutional economies’, where efficiency is the benchmark, and one which adopts a more historically based political economy approach in which power and control are the markers. The distinction is not always transparent.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 225-240
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704527
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:225-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Powell
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Powell
Title: Knowledge, culture & the internet in Africa: a challenge for political economists
Abstract: The development and use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) are undoubtedly important in today's world. Not surprisingly this raises issues of ‘ICT and development’, ‘ICT and health’, ‘ICT and agriculture’ and above all of a ‘digital divide’ between those with permanent access to new technologies and those with none. Such topics are not unimportant but they should not obscure the need for a more profound, critical analysis of what these changes mean. ICT are only one element in a process of changing organisational forms and changing understanding of how information and knowledge can be applied for economic ends. It is argued that these changes are creating a new mode of production, one which may offer Africa more opportunities relative to the world economy than have been experienced in the past. Such opportunities are more likely to be generated, the more ordinary Africans get access to basic communication tools and use them for their own ends. Such a process, which can be either aided or obstructed by the policies of the state and international institutions, would inevitably lead to significant changes in economic and political relationships.
Journal:
Pages: 241-260
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704528
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704528
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:241-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Crawford
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Crawford
Title: Eliminating world poverty: is neo‐liberal globalisation the answer? a challenge to the UK government's white paper
Journal:
Pages: 261-266
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704529
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704529
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:261-266
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Audrey Gadzekpo
Author-X-Name-First: Audrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Gadzekpo
Title: Reflections on Ghana's recent elections
Journal:
Pages: 267-273
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704530
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704530
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:267-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Omayma Abdel‐Latif
Author-X-Name-First: Omayma
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdel‐Latif
Title: Egyptian electoral politics: news rules, old game
Journal:
Pages: 273-279
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704531
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:273-279
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Human rightsin Egypt
Journal:
Pages: 279-281
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704532
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:279-281
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Greg Cameron
Author-X-Name-First: Greg
Author-X-Name-Last: Cameron
Title: The Tanzanian general elections on Zanzibar
Abstract: On 29 October 2000,10 million voters in 231 constituencies cast their votes for 13 political parties throughout Tanzania. The election on the Tanzanian mainland was predictably won by the ruling CCM (Party of the Revolution) against a divided and weak opposition. In Zanzibar, on the other hand, the CCM faced a fierce challenge from the CUF (Civic United Front) as approximately 450,000 people voted in 50 constituencies for Union and Zanzibar Presidents and candidates for the Union and Zanzibar Legislatures. In the words of the staid Commonwealth Observer Group, The Zanzibar elections were not free and fair, and were in fact, “a shambles'”. The January 2001 massacres on Zanzibar and subsequent refugee crisis can be directly linked to the flawed elections and the refusal of the CCM regime to respect the majority will of Zanzibaris. Without a doubt a watershed has been reached, one that will further deepen the political, socio‐economic and constitutional crises afflicting the Isles and the United Republic of Tanzania itself.
Journal:
Pages: 282-286
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704533
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704533
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:282-286
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tinashe Madava
Author-X-Name-First: Tinashe
Author-X-Name-Last: Madava
Title: Pressure on to keep crop seeds patent-free
Abstract: In order to safeguard world food security, concerned organisations are calling on their leaders to keep open access for all seeds around the world's most important crops unrestricted by patent and intellectual property rights.
Journal:
Pages: 287-288
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704534
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704534
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:287-288
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tinashe Madava
Author-X-Name-First: Tinashe
Author-X-Name-Last: Madava
Title: Illicit dumping of toxic wastes breach of human rights
Abstract: Illicit dumping of hazardous, toxic and dangerous products and wastes in developing countries adversely affects the human rights of peoples to health and life. The 57th session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights has condemned the practice universally.
Journal:
Pages: 288-290
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704535
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704535
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:288-290
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Bhatia
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhatia
Title: The Western Sahara under polisario control
Abstract: From 17–27 April 2001, the author visited the Sahrawi refugee camps and the northern sector of the Western Sahara territory under Polisario control (the region surrounding the town of Bir Lahlou and Tifariti near Tindouf, Algeria). The author previously visited the Sahrawi refugee camps in 1997, and is planning a visit to the area under Moroccan control in the autumn of 2001.
Journal:
Pages: 291-298
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704536
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704536
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:291-298
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Bhatia
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhatia
Title: Interview with Brahim Bedileh, commander, 2nd military region (tifariti), POLISARIO front
Abstract: The following transcript was conducted through an interpreter on 25 April 2001, and therefore is an approximation and not fully representative of Commander Bedileh's statements: BB:We are currently in a stand‐by position, still waiting. Nobody wants to lose time in waiting to resolve our problem of liberation. 26 years of fighting for our existing rights of self‐determination, our case is one of legal consensus that we see all over the world.
Journal:
Pages: 298-301
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704537
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704537
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:298-301
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: The Lesotho highlands corruption trial: who has been airbrushed from the dock?
Abstract: The Lesotho government has taken four British business groups to court, charging them with paying bribes to the chief executive, Masupha Sole, of the Lesotho Highlands Water Authority. The companies, Balf our Beatty, Sir Alexander Gibb and Co, Stirling International Civil Engineering and Kier International are charged alongside the Swiss‐Swedish group, ABB, Impregilo of Italy, Acres International of Canada and Sogreah, Dumez and Cegelec of France. Balfour Beatty was a partner in the Lesotho Highlands Project consortium and is accused of paying more than £1 million to Sole over three years. Kier International and Stirling International, within the Highlands Water Venture consortium, are alleged to have paid him £250,000, while Sir Alexander Gibb and Co is accused of transferring £51,478.01.
Journal:
Pages: 302-306
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704538
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704538
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:302-306
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Bulletin board
Journal:
Pages: 307-311
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704539
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:307-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 312-312
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:312-312
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gibbon
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbon
Title: Phil Raikes (1938–2001) an appreciation
Journal:
Pages: 313-314
Issue: 88
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704541
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:88:p:313-314
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704452
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704452
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Commentary:the struggle for land
Journal:
Pages: 173-180
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704453
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704453
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:173-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Author-Name: Blair Rutherford
Author-X-Name-First: Blair
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutherford
Author-Name: Dede Amanor‐Wilks
Author-X-Name-First: Dede
Author-X-Name-Last: Amanor‐Wilks
Title: Land reform & changing social relations for farm workers in Zimbabwe
Abstract: This article assesses the problem of extending social, political and land rights to farm workers in Zimbabwe's commercial farming sector in the context of current debates and protests about land redistribution there. It contrasts traditional indifference to such workers with more recent attempts to address their needs and explores the difficulties which land redistribution could present for farm workers if their interests were not made part of the agenda of change. It argues for a holistic, transformative approach to redistribution and reform, an approach which contrasts markedly with ‐and goes well beyond ‐ nationalist, workerist and welfare strategies that have been put forward.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 181-202
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704454
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:181-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Dilemmas of the Kenyan succession
Abstract: Under weight of a diversity of pressures, Daniel Arap Moi has announced his forthcoming retirement from the presidency. The resultant succession dilemma which dominates Kenyan politics is accentuated by endemic corruption, economic decline and increasing popular antipathy to the KANU regime. Yet even in the facing of deepening crisis, the balance of forces favour the government's capacity to frustrate democratisation. Its control of state resources, its increasing resort to informal repression and the reluctance of western powers to encourage a de‐stabilisation all imply that the country's present rulers retain enormous reserve powers. A ‘second‐best’ solution, which provides negotiated shelter for those who have gained by corruption or who have abused human rights may therefore prove to be the most workable way to avoid a resort to armed resistance by present power‐holders and pave the way towards a democratic transition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 203-219
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704455
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:203-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: June Rock
Author-X-Name-First: June
Author-X-Name-Last: Rock
Title: The land issue in eritrea's reconstruction & development
Abstract: At the end of the 30 year‐long liberation struggle against Ethiopian overrule, Eritrea was faced with the enormous tasks of political and economic reconstruction, the repair of the country's physical infrastructure, and the need to rebuild and rehabilitate the devastated agricultural sector. These tasks coincided with those of the demobilisation of fighters and the repatriation and reintegration of some 600,000 refugees that had fled to the Sudan during the struggle. High on the agenda of Eritrea's decision‐makers immediately after Independence, was the issue of land. A speedy resolution of the land issue was seen as integral to the government's overall policies for post‐war recovery and reconstruction. This resulted in the introduction, in 1994, of the Eritrea Land Proclamation, which aimed to radically transform the country's tenure systems. Some six years later, with the exception of one or two small pilot projects in the immediate environs of the capital, Asmara, the Proclamation has still to be implemented. This article examines some of the specific provisions of the Land Proclamation in order to explore what would need to be done to initiate it on the ground. It is argued that, while the principles of the Land Proclamation are well intentioned, its implementation would be too complex and costly, and that there are alternative lessons to be learned from the EPLF's own, earlier land reforms of the mid‐1970s and 1980s.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 221-234
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704456
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:221-234
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: An agricultural strategy without farmers: Egypt's countryside in the New Millennium
Abstract: This article argues that Egypt's countryside is at a turning point. The economic reforms have not delivered the intended improvements in production and yet there is little indication that the Government of Egypt (GoE) will manage to work with the IFIs to promote an alternative economic adjustment. The reforms began in Egypt's agricultural sector in the mid‐1980s and were eventually matched in 1991 by an economic reform and structural adjustment programme (ERSAP) and a renewed programme with the IFIs in 1996. Macro‐economic targets set by the IFIs have helped stabilise the economy, reduce government expenditure, inflation and budget deficits although large scale privatisation of state assets have failed to emerge and so too has significant economic growth (Pfeifer, 1999; Mitchell, 1999). Attention has particularly focused on price and marketing reforms in agriculture, on the slashing of subsidies and on the promotion of cash crops for export. Land reform, favouring landowners and marginalising tenant interests, has also been central to agricultural transformation. Sustained and diverse economic growth has eluded Egypt's economy. Unemployment remains a central problem exacerbated by the economic reforms as levels of rural and urban poverty have also risen.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 235-249
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704457
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704457
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:235-249
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Korbla Puplampu
Author-X-Name-First: Korbla
Author-X-Name-Last: Puplampu
Author-Name: Wisdom Tettey
Author-X-Name-First: Wisdom
Author-X-Name-Last: Tettey
Title: State‐NGO relations in an era of globalisation: the implications for agricultural development in Africa
Abstract: The crisis of the African state has been a dominant feature of the continent's socio‐political and development discourse in the last two decades. In a region where agriculture is the engine of development and the state plays an active role in agriculture, the crisis of the state has created a vacuum in the institutional framework required for agricultural development. Nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), consistent with globalisation, have emerged and filled the vacuum as viable institutions for agricultural development. This study examines State‐NGO relations during globalisation and the implications of that relationship for agricultural development in Africa. Exploring the socio‐political context of such relations, especially the nature of investment in the agricultural sector, the study shows how the uncertain outcomes of State‐NGO relations, exacerbated by global forces, affect the long‐term prospects of agricultural development in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 251-272
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704458
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704458
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:251-272
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: Land reform in South Africa
Abstract: The newly‐elected South African government began in 1994 to make laws and implement a programme for land reform. It consisted of three dimensions: redistribution (transferring white‐owned commercial farm land to African users); restitution (settling claims for land lost under apartheid measures by restoration of holdings or compensation); and land tenure reform (to provide more secure access to land in the former bantustans). Only a few restitution claims have been so far resolved. After much rethinking a revised draft of a land tenure bill is to be presented to Parliament in late 2000, but as one stated aim is to give ‘land to tribes’, it remains to be seen whether it will bring increased democratisation, allowing for common resource management, or will entrench ‘decentralised despotism’. This article concentrates on the most actively pursued dimension of land reform: redistribution. Under the diverse influences of rights‐based activism of earlier years and of World Bank advice about a ‘market‐led’ approach, the government has set up mechanisms to help finance and facilitate ‘community’ initiatives to acquire land, to settle on it and, if possible, to make productive use of it. What was advocated as a more rapid and less bureaucratic approach than a government agency acquiring and administering resettlement has instead spawned a sprawling edifice, some of it out‐sourced to an array of consultants, often with little experience and few credentials, and has led to a protracted process of transfer of a much smaller amount of land in five years than, say, Zimbabwe managed in the same period. The reasons for this are examined. A policy rethink during 1999 has led to changes in emphasis which, hopefully, will speed up the redistribution of land, provide more back‐up to those resettled, and prioritise future grants for more productive agricultural use. This latter formula, however, is constricted by old‐fashioned ‘modernist’ (and often implicitly colonial) orthodoxies still current in South Africa, not least in the ANC and government. These are fixated on ‘commercialisation’ ‐ which usually translates into larger‐scale and high‐tech ‐ and the promotion of the interests of a would‐be black agrarian entrepreneurial class, rather than those of the propertyless. Some hope may derive from the inclusion of experiments in the new programme to chart an alternative to the ‘market‐led’ formula which would instead allow redistribution of land as an element within district‐level planning.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 273-286
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704459
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704459
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:273-286
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Between governance & under‐development: accumulation & Africa's ‘catastrophic corruption’
Abstract: Capital eschews no profit, or very small profit, just as nature was formerly said to abhor a vacuum.With adequate profit, capital is very bold. A certain 10 per cent will ensure its employment anywhere; 20 per cent will produce eagerness; 50 per cent positive audacity; 100 per cent will make it ready to trample on all human laws; 300 per cent and there is not acrime at which it will scruple, nor a risk it will not run, even to the chance of its owner being hanged. If turbulence and strife will bring a profit, it will freely encourage both. Smuggling and the slave trade have amply proved all that is here stated. T J Dunning, quoted in Karl Marx, Capital I (1976:926, fn.). This paper explores aspects of the tension between, on the one hand, international efforts by multilateral and bilateral creditors and aid donors to reduce corruption in developing countries and, on the other, the role played by political corruption in promoting local accumulation of wealth, property and capital in Africa. The process of globalisation includes a concerted effort to reduce the costs and increase the predictability of international business activities. The effort has been particularly directed at countries undergoing economic restructuring and democratic change. The weak bargaining position of African states, where debt and underdevelopment make dependence on international creditors and aid donors especially acute, has led to a variety of direct, unsubtle pressures to force these states to undertake ‘governance’ reforms. While many of these measures address important problems undermining African development, they also misunderstand the nature of corruption as an African problem in two important ways. First, they seek to impose rules and norms of proper public behaviour, developed for and within liberal democracies, in environments where liberal democracy is not established. And, second, they threaten the dependence of the African petty bourgeoisie on access to the state and its resources. In the context of underdevelopment, local accumulation rests heavily on political power and the ability it provides to appropriate public resources. Corruption provides a means of transferring public resources to the new middle class and bourgeois strata which emerged in the post‐colonial order. And underdevelopment ensures that dependence on political power for accumulation is continuous. Africa's development crisis has intensified dependence on the political domain even more and increased conflict as claimants fight over a diminishing pool of resources. Far from arresting the upward spiral of corruption, liberalisation and governance measures imposed by the donors have encouraged the development of new forms of corruption.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 287-306
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704460
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704460
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:287-306
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rupak Chattopadhyay
Author-X-Name-First: Rupak
Author-X-Name-Last: Chattopadhyay
Title: Zimbabwe: structural adjustment, destitution & food insecurity
Abstract: This article examines the persistence of hunger in food surplus Zimbabwe during the 1990s. It combines a discussion of the literature on hunger with an analysis of the Zimbabwean structural adjustment programme using the ‘entitlements’ theory of famine as the point of departure to examine ‘persistent starvation’. The article questions the extent to which the structural adjustment programme and increased food production have contributed to food security and welfare. It notes that destitution resulting from structural adjustment polices have increased food insecurity by eroding the purchasing power of large sections of the population. The article further argues that in addition to economic causes, destitution is exacerbated by the effective lack of accountability on the part of the key decision‐makers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 307-316
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704461
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704461
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:307-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Gonzales
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzales
Title: Cuban‐African relations: nationalist roots of an internationalist policy
Abstract: To understand the type of relationship that Cuba has had with Africa for the past four decades, one must understand what happened on 1 January 1959, a watershed date in Cuban history. On that day after several years of armed struggle, dictator Fulgencio Batista fled, a Revolutionary Government led by Fidel Castro took power and Cuba ceased to be the neo‐colony that it had been for over 56 years.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 317-323
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704462
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704462
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:317-323
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Will Reno
Author-X-Name-First: Will
Author-X-Name-Last: Reno
Title: No Peace for Sierra Leone
Journal:
Pages: 325-329
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704463
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:325-329
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip White
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: War & famine in Ethiopia & Eritrea
Abstract: The following Summary is taken from a longer report just completed by the authors. ‘Conflict, Relief and Development: Aid Responses to the Current Food Crisis in the Horn of Africa’ is available from the University of Leeds. See end for details.
Journal:
Pages: 329-333
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704464
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704464
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:329-333
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamud Khalif
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamud
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalif
Title: The politics of famine in the Ogaden
Journal:
Pages: 333-337
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704465
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:333-337
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Western sahara‐point of no return?
Journal:
Pages: 338-340
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704466
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:338-340
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Gonzales
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzales
Title: Africa at the first south summit in Havana
Journal:
Pages: 341-346
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704467
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:341-346
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: What is CEAMO?
Journal:
Pages: 346-347
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704468
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704468
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:346-347
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Commonwealth secretary‐general's statement on Zanzibar
Journal:
Pages: 348-348
Issue: 84
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704469
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:84:p:348-348
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vito Laterza
Author-X-Name-First: Vito
Author-X-Name-Last: Laterza
Author-Name: John Sharp
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp
Title: Extraction and beyond: people’s economic responses to restructuring in southern and central Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 173-188
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1345540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1345540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:173-188
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Rubbers
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubbers
Title: Towards a life of poverty and uncertainty? The livelihood strategies of Gécamines workers after retrenchment in the DRC
Abstract:
In 2003, with the support of the World Bank, the Congolese state-owned enterprise Gécamines implemented a voluntary departure programme for 10,000 employees with more than 25 years of service. These employees were asked to regard their severance pay as a capital to be invested in new activities. Based on ethnographic research, this article explores how ex-Gécamines workers made a living in the phase of their ‘reintegration’. In doing so, it develops a sociological approach to popular economic practices that attempts to move beyond the phenomenology of uncertainty recently advocated by several Africanist scholars.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 189-203
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1273827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1273827
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:189-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeroen Cuvelier
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuvelier
Title: Money, migration and masculinity among artisanal miners in Katanga (DR Congo)
Abstract:
The Katangese artisanal mining sector has grown spectacularly since the late 1990s. Faced with political instability and economic crisis, tens of thousands of men have moved to the mining areas in order to find new sources of income. This article offers a detailed ethnographic description of how male migrant workers experience and cope with the challenging realities of life on the mines against the backdrop of recent changes in Katanga’s political economy. More specifically, it examines the relationship between money, migration and masculinity through an extended case study of a money dispute among a group of artisanal miners working in the Kalabi mine near Lwambo, a small town situated 20 kilometres north of Likasi. It is found that the conspicuous consumption of money plays a vital role in the mining subculture; that credit and debt dominate life on the mines; and that artisanal mining has given rise to significant changes in gender relations and household organisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 204-219
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1172061
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1172061
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:204-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kees (C. S.) van der Waal
Author-X-Name-First: Kees (C. S.)
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Waal
Title: Multiple livelihoods and social relations in the South African Lowveld, 1986–2013
Abstract:
Despite improvements in the last two decades, rural communal areas in South Africa remain dumping grounds, requiring multiple livelihood strategies and social adaptations. Local experience of dispossession forms the backdrop to individual and collective responses to changes in the role of land, labour and reproduction. The ethnographic research focused on a rural settlement in the former Gazankulu Bantustan in the period 1986–2013. Shifts in the mix of livelihoods were related to changing gender and generational relationships. Individual livelihood strategies aimed at diversifying sources of income and collective actions were directed at getting rid of criminals and accessing state resources.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 220-236
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1313727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1313727
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:220-236
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica A. Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Title: After the mines: the changing social and economic landscape of Malawi–South Africa migration
Abstract:
By the early 1970s, Malawi was the most significant supplier of mine labour to South Africa. Since then, for a variety of reasons, mine migrancy has dwindled. Nevertheless, migration to South Africa today looms large in the popular imagination, and is pursued by substantial numbers of Malawians, particularly men. By comparison with earlier migrants, however, their trajectories are less certain, their strategies more piecemeal. This paper will focus on contemporary migration to South Africa by young men from a particular village in Chiradzulu District, southern Malawi. Emphasising perspectives from their home village, it will offer insight into the impact of their migration upon family and gender relations, the social and economic situations of the wives and matrilineal kin whom they leave behind, and the tangible and intangible impacts of aspirations to South African migration.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 237-251
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1273826
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1273826
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:237-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Stewart
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart
Author-Name: Dhiraj Kumar Nite
Author-X-Name-First: Dhiraj Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Nite
Title: From fatalism to mass action to incorporation to neoliberal individualism: worker safety on South African mines, .1955–2016
Abstract:
The article resurfaces ‘tacit knowledge’ to periodise developments in worker safety in South African mines. ‘Tacit knowledge’ evolved over time, is orally transmitted, learned on the job, and is central to worker safety; it lay behind acts of resistance and demands for a safer mining workplace which underpinned unionisation, and which won worker safety representation under apartheid. Under democracy, a modern consultative tripartite legislative safety regime was instituted. With worker representation institutionalised, health and safety legislation enacted and tripartite institutions established, procedural compliance eclipsed workers’ ‘tacit knowledge’. The right to refuse to do dangerous work, state-initiated safety work stoppages and the impact on safety of inter-union rivalry are currently in the spotlight and are noted below. With the state firmly in neoliberal mode post-Fordism, this article concludes by noting the emergence of the individualisation of safety – ironically motivated by a behaviourist construal of ‘tacit beliefs’ underpinning a major industry safety initiative.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 252-271
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1342234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1342234
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:252-271
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugh Macmillan
Author-X-Name-First: Hugh
Author-X-Name-Last: Macmillan
Title: ? Mining in South Africa in the last 30 years – an overview
Abstract:
This article examines the history of South African mining over the last 30 years. It notes the declining contribution of mining to the economy, and a drop in employment levels and labour migration. It considers political, legislative and macro-economic changes, as well as mine ownership and control. It addresses the question why a democratically elected government, progressive labour legislation, trade-unionisation and Black Economic Empowerment have made remarkably little difference to working conditions. After examining the trajectories of individual commodities, such as gold, platinum, coal and diamonds, it concludes there has been no fundamental change in the relationship between state and capital.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 272-291
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1313728
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1313728
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:272-291
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esther Uzar
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: Uzar
Title: Contested labour and political leadership: three mineworkers’ unions after the opposition victory in Zambia
Abstract:
Scholars of Zambian labour thought the once-powerful movement in terminal decline, but followed up neither the effects of the multi-union environment nor the opposition victory of a leftist political party in 2011. The author’s case study of three mineworkers’ unions (Mineworkers’ Union of Zambia, National Union of Miners and Allied Workers and United Mineworkers Union of Zambia) shows how the Patriotic Front party reawakened labour militancy only to suppress it within five months. The union competition increased welfare and financial accountability, but even insurgent unions surrendered to the dominant ideology of ‘industrial peace’, yielding the strike weapon to corporate hegemony. The article concludes that the unions have little bargaining power, but that the constant grassroots contestation of labour and political leaders renders Zambian labour highly vibrant.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 292-311
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1345731
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1345731
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:292-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mala Mustapha
Author-X-Name-First: Mala
Author-X-Name-Last: Mustapha
Title: The 2015 general elections in Nigeria: new media, party politics and the political economy of voting
Abstract:
This Briefing argues that social media evidently did not provide the platforms for democratic struggles and the transformation of the political economy of voting during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria. Arguably, only the trade union movements such as the Nigerian Labour Congress formed a vibrant vanguard for democratic struggles challenging neoliberal policy and state hegemony.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 312-321
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1313731
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1313731
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:312-321
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robtel Neajai Pailey
Author-X-Name-First: Robtel Neajai
Author-X-Name-Last: Pailey
Author-Name: David Harris
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Title: Liberia’s run-up to 2017: continuity and change in a long history of electoral politics
Abstract:
If successfully orchestrated, the October 2017 elections in Liberia will mark the first time in recent memory when a democratically elected Liberian president – Ellen Johnson Sirleaf – will hand over power to a similarly elected head of state. This is very likely to be a close election and our Briefing investigates changes and continuities in the candidates, political parties, electoral processes and the workings of the Liberian state at a watershed moment in a long and shifting democratic history.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 322-335
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1318361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1318361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:322-335
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pádraig Carmody
Author-X-Name-First: Pádraig
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmody
Title: Assembling effective industrial policy in Africa: an agenda for action
Abstract:
Actor–network theory can be used to help understand effective industrialisation strategies. This paper deploys and develops this theory through the idea of multiple axes of strategic coupling, with reference to Ethiopia in particular.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 336-345
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1333412
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1333412
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:336-345
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: A flawed freedom: rethinking southern African liberation; South Africa – the present as history: from Mrs Ples to Mandela and Marikana
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 346-351
Issue: 152
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1346156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1346156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:152:p:346-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704234
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Powell
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Powell
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: NGOs & the development industry
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 3-10
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704235
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704235
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:3-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheelagh Stewart
Author-X-Name-First: Sheelagh
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart
Title: Happy ever after in the marketplace: non‐government organisations and uncivil society
Abstract: This following declaration, about NGOs and civil society, is typical of the hallowed tones used to discuss both. This article sets out to examine what I have called the ‘NGO phenomenon’ which has arisen in the last decade. It is not a critique of NGOs per se,but a critique of the way in which development policy has focused on NGOs, to the extent that expectations of NGO performance are unrealistically high and exclude other options for development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-34
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704236
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704236
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:11-34
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tina Wallace
Author-X-Name-First: Tina
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace
Title: New development agendas: changes in UK NGO policies & procedures
Abstract: This article reports on research carried out on changes in the operational management of a broad sample of British NGOs. Despite the diversity of NGOs it finds surprising convergence towards the application of certain managerial concepts and tools. Three of these ‐ Strategic Planning, Logical Framework Analysis and Evaluation are considered in detail and the questions of why they are being used and for what purpose posed. The evidence is overwhelmingly that they have been adopted to meet Northern needs ‐ to satisfy the demands of Northern funding institutions and to help NGO headquarters control growing organisations. Faced with this evidence the article looks critically at the claims that such NGO practice can be consistent with development theories which are based on greater empowerment of Southern ‘partners’ and is obliged to repeat arguments, previously thought to be widely accepted, that the use and understanding of such tools are culturally mediated and far from neutral.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 35-55
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704237
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704237
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:35-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Atampugre
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Atampugre
Title: Aid, NGOs and grassroots development: Northern Burkina Faso
Abstract: The last two decades (and perhaps the next decade) could be described as the age of Non‐Governmental Organisations (NGOs). These organisations have become important players on the development scene. They are also major recipients of international aid. Between 1970 and 1990 aid channelled through NGOs rose from $2.7 billion to $7.2 billion. This trend has continued, with the OECD estimating in 1993 that northern NGO spending is between $9 billion and $10 billion annually. The significance of NGO involvement is particularly marked in Africa. For example, in 1991 forty‐four World Bank assisted projects implemented by associated local NGOs took up 55 per cent of all loans and credits granted Africa that year (Marcussen, 1996:406). The increasing importance of what remains a poorly defined and heterogeneous sector is reflected not only in the amount of resources being channelled through these organisations but also in the increasing controversy surrounding their role in Africa's development. In this article, we review the experiences of two UK based NGOs ‐ Oxfam‐UK/Eire and ACORD ‐ who have been promoting (for nearly two decades now) grassroots development in a country which has not recently experienced conflict ‐ Burkina Faso. We draw lessons from their experiences and suggest that whilst some good work has been done, northern NGOs facilitating the emergence of grassroots organisations still face enormous challenges.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 57-73
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704238
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704238
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:57-73
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Rudebeck
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Rudebeck
Title: ‘To seek happiness’: development in a West African village in the Era of democratisation
Abstract: This article examines what democracy means to a people who have no direct word for it in their own language. It sets one village's experience of Guine‐Bissau's first multi‐party elections in the historic context of the struggle for independence, the failures of the one‐party state, the difficulties caused by structural adjustment. It sets this experience against theories of democracy as an ideal or as sets of formal arrangements and argues that whilst the latter may have been successfully implemented, democracy will be poorly rooted unless it leads to palpable socio‐economic progress. There are still many problems to be overcome, not least with the lack of resources available to the state, before this is likely to be achieved. This article follows others by Rudebeck: ‘Kandjadja, Guinea‐Bissau, 1976–1986: Observations on the Political Economy of an African village’ (ROAPENo. 41) and ‘The Effects of Structural Adjustment in Kandjadja, Guinea‐Bissau’ (ROAPENo. 49) ‐ which have sought to understand the impact of wider politcal and economic forces on this one village over time. This article is a continuation of that story.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 75-86
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704239
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:75-86
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Harding
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Harding
Title: The mercenary business: ‘executive outcomes’
Abstract: Executive Outcomes is an army for hire. A sophisticated force, the ‘company’ will not work for rebel movements but contracts with ‘democratic’ governments. ‘Executive Outcomes is the small wave of the future in terms of defence and security, because the international community has abdicated that role’ (Barlow, 1997). Rather than being seen as mercenaries, they prefer the label of ‘corporate troubleshooters’, a niche which incorporates a huge unmet demand for security in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 87-97
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704240
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704240
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:87-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Lund
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Lund
Title: Legitimacy, land & democracy in Niger
Abstract: Niger experienced two major political reforms since 1986: a land tenure reform, a Rural Code, aimed at increasing security for the rural population through a codification and formalisation of indigenous land rights, followed by constitutional democracy in the early 1990s. Both reforms aimed at securing some basic rights and were expected to confer legitimacy on the state. The conjuncture of the two, however, unleashed an intensive political struggle, competition over jurisdiction between politico‐legal institutions and the decline of legitimacy of state institutions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 99-112
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704241
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704241
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:99-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Baylies
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Baylies
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: The 1996 Zambian elections: still awaiting democratic consolidation
Abstract: On 18 November 1996 presidential and parliamentary elections were held for the second time under Zambia's Third Republic. The first elections, in October 1991, ended the unbroken grip on power enjoyed by the United National Independence Party (UNIP) since 1964 and returned the country to a multi‐party political system after 18 years as a one‐party state. UNIP was heavily defeated by the MMD (Movement for Multiparty Democracy) and Kenneth Kaunda, the country's president since 1964, was replaced by Frederick Chiluba. The peaceful nature of the changeover in 1991 was applauded locally and internationally. There was a sense of optimism about the country's democratic prospects. Zambia was widely held up as a model of successful democratic transition and aid flowed in, partly in support of the democratic experiment and partly because of the new regime's commitment to economic liberalisation and structural adjustment. In some cases donor support was specifically earmarked for the promotion of good government and the encouragement of civic education (Endnote 1).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 113-128
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704242
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704242
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:113-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: On the Idea of an International Bantustan
Journal:
Pages: 129-131
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704243
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:129-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack‐Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack‐Williams
Title: Peacekeeping and an ‘african high command’: plus ca change, c' est la meme chose
Journal:
Pages: 131-137
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704244
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:131-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Cason
Author-X-Name-First: Jim
Author-X-Name-Last: Cason
Title: The US: backing out of Africa
Journal:
Pages: 147-153
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704246
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704246
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:147-153
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Author-Name: Makoto Sato
Author-X-Name-First: Makoto
Author-X-Name-Last: Sato
Title: Japanese aid and Africa
Journal:
Pages: 153-156
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704247
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704247
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:153-156
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Agenda for Africa's Economic Renewal, (1996), edited by Benno Ndulu and Nicolas van de Walle, Overseas Development Council, Washington: Transaction Publishers. The Politics of Difference: Ethnic Premises in a World of Power(1996), edited by Edwin N. Wilson and Patrick McAllister, University of Chicago Press. Decolonisation and African Society: the Labor Question in French and British Africa(1996) by Frederick Cooper, Cambridge University Press. Limits of Adjustment in Africa: the Effects of Economic Liberalisation, 1986–94(1996), edited by Poul Engberg‐Pederson, Peter Gibbon, Phil Raikes, Lars Udsholt. James Currey/Heinneman, Centre for Development Research: Copenhagen. From Bad Policy to Chaos in Somalia: How an Economy Fell Apart(1996), Jamil Abdalla Mubarak, Praeger, Westport, Conn. 181pp. Distributed by Eurospan, at £42.50. Reviewed by Chris Allen.
Journal:
Pages: 157-160
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704248
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:157-160
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 160-161
Issue: 71
Volume: 24
Year: 1997
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249708704249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249708704249
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:24:y:1997:i:71:p:160-161
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ruth First prize
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 337-337
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1215652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1215652
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:337-337
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Bouilly
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouilly
Author-Name: Ophélie Rillon
Author-X-Name-First: Ophélie
Author-X-Name-Last: Rillon
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: African women’s struggles in a gender perspective
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 338-349
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1216671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1216671
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:338-349
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasmine Berriane
Author-X-Name-First: Yasmine
Author-X-Name-Last: Berriane
Title: Bridging social divides: leadership and the making of an alliance for women’s land-use rights in Morocco
Abstract:
This article analyses a women’s movement that emerged in the context of increased land commodification in Morocco. It focuses on the dynamics that characterised the making of this coalition of actors across the social divide. It mainly analyses the division of tasks among the different partners, highlighting the role played by intermediate organisations and actors in connecting and merging together local, national and international norms, practices and actors. The empowerment of this intermediate layer of leaders indicates a gradual inversion of the power hierarchy and illustrates the fluidity of domination relationships within social movements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 350-364
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:350-364
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie Saiget
Author-X-Name-First: Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Saiget
Title: (De-)Politicising women’s collective action: international actors and land inheritance in post-war Burundi
Abstract:
This article focuses on women’s collective action promoting land inheritance in Burundi. It aims to discuss the role of international actors in social transformations, questioning to what extent they have shaped women’s collective action since the 1970s, in particular since the country’s president took the official decision to stop the legislative and political process for adopting a law in 2011. The article argues that international actors are a central factor in (de-)politicisation by playing the role of a third party in the relationship between women’s associations and the state. These interactions produce a particular form of mobilisation that promotes law as a tool to build, frame and provide answers to the land issue.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 365-381
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214113
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214113
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:365-381
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aili Mari Tripp
Author-X-Name-First: Aili Mari
Author-X-Name-Last: Tripp
Title: Women’s mobilisation for legislative political representation in Africa
Abstract:
This article argues that women’s movements advocating for political representation in African legislatures are a key factor in explaining how rates of female legislative representation have tripled between 1990 and 2015. Coalitional efforts to introduce electoral quotas challenge key claims in the literature on developing countries that suggest that culture, a lack of economic growth, and oil revenues serve as impediments to increases in women’s legislative representation. Case studies of Senegal, Mauritania and Algeria illustrate some of the problems with these arguments and show the significance of collective women’s mobilisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 382-399
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214117
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:382-399
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amanda Gouws
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Gouws
Title: Women’s activism around gender-based violence in South Africa: recognition, redistribution and representation
Abstract:
South Africa is a country struggling to come to grips with very high levels of gender-based violence (GBV) that is eroding the social fabric of society. Using Nancy Fraser’s theory of redistribution, recognition and representation as a starting point, the author shows the importance of acknowledging these dimensions in struggles and activism around GBV, illustrating the theory with the Shukumisa Campaign and the activities of the African National Congress Women’s League (ANCWL) in South Africa. Both these campaigns engage the state to end GBV in order to change conditions of misrecognition and maldistribution, yet with very different outcomes.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 400-415
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1217838
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1217838
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:400-415
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Bouilly
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouilly
Title: Senegalese mothers ‘fight clandestine migration’: an intersectional perspective on activism and apathy among parents and spouses left behind
Abstract:
This article is about an association of Senegalese mothers who joined together to ‘fight clandestine migration’ after they lost many of their children who were attempting to migrate to Spain by boat in 2006. The article examines the gendered and generational dimensions of this community mobilisation, focusing on the motives and decisive factors behind the activism or non-engagement of the migrants’ parents and spouses. It demonstrates that the intersectionality of power relations (such as gender, age, economic status and matrimonial status) determined both the engagement or non-engagement of the migrants’ parents and spouses, and their respective roles and experiences of the migration.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 416-435
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1217839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1217839
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:416-435
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natacha Filippi
Author-X-Name-First: Natacha
Author-X-Name-Last: Filippi
Title: Women’s protests: gender, imprisonment and resistance in South Africa (Pollsmoor Prison, 1970s–90s)
Abstract:
This article presents a historical investigation of the modalities of protest adopted by women prisoners in South Africa from the 1970s to 1994. It explores how the introduction of a gender perspective provides new insights on the strategies of adaptation and resistance within closed institutions and the way these were intertwined with broader social dynamics. The article focuses on the criminalisation processes to which black women were subjected under apartheid, on how the beginning of the democratic transition coincided with the emergence of new actors inside prisons and on the participation of women in the 1994 large-scale prison revolts.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 436-450
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214114
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214114
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:436-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Temitope Oriola
Author-X-Name-First: Temitope
Author-X-Name-Last: Oriola
Title: ‘I acted like a man’: exploring female ex-insurgents’ narratives on Nigeria’s oil insurgency
Abstract:
This paper explores how a small sample of female ex-insurgents make sense of their engagement in Nigeria’s oil insurgency. The study is informed by three key questions: How did Delta women join the insurgency? Why did they join? How do they frame their participation? The paper analyses the prevalence of a masculinising rhetoric among participants. The majority of participants view their roles in the insurgency as antithetical to their gender. The implications of these findings are explored. Overall, the paper contributes to the growing body of work on women’s engagement in armed conflict as perpetrators rather than victims of violence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 451-469
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1182013
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1182013
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:451-469
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Baird
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Baird
Title: The geopolitics of Turkey's ‘humanitarian diplomacy’ in Somalia: a critique
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 470-477
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1084913
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084913
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:470-477
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernard Ugochukwu Nwosu
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard Ugochukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwosu
Author-Name: Thaddeus Chidi Nzeadibe
Author-X-Name-First: Thaddeus Chidi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nzeadibe
Author-Name: Peter Oluchukwu Mbah
Author-X-Name-First: Peter Oluchukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbah
Title: Waste and well-being: a political economy of informal waste management and public policy in urban West Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 478-488
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1084914
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084914
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:478-488
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ejike Udeogu
Author-X-Name-First: Ejike
Author-X-Name-Last: Udeogu
Title: Financialisation and economic growth in Nigeria
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 489-503
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085377
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:489-503
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ehis Michael Odijie
Author-X-Name-First: Ehis Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Odijie
Title: Diminishing returns and agricultural involution in Côte d'Ivoire's cocoa sector
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 504-517
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085381
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:504-517
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bongani Masuku
Author-X-Name-First: Bongani
Author-X-Name-Last: Masuku
Author-Name: Peter Limb
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Limb
Title: Swaziland: the struggle for political freedom and democracy
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 518-527
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1084916
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084916
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:518-527
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Egle Cesnulyte
Author-X-Name-First: Egle
Author-X-Name-Last: Cesnulyte
Title: Women and the informal economy in urban Africa: from the margins to the centre
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 528-529
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1216751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1216751
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:528-529
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Muslim families in global Senegal: money takes care of shame
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 529-530
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214401
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:529-530
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fenella Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Fenella
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Title: Gender and the political economy of conflict in Africa: the persistence of violence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 530-532
Issue: 149
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1214402
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1214402
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:149:p:530-532
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704498
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704498
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Baylies
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Baylies
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: Civil society, kleptocracy & donor agendas: what future for Africa?
Journal:
Pages: 5-8
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704499
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704499
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:5-8
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chasca Twyman
Author-X-Name-First: Chasca
Author-X-Name-Last: Twyman
Author-Name: Andrew Dougill
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Dougill
Author-Name: Deborah Sporton
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Sporton
Author-Name: David Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Title: Community fencing in open rangelands: self‐empowerment in Eastern Namibia
Abstract: This article examines the cross‐cutting debates of empowerment, vulnerability, sustainability and livelihoods within the local and global contexts relevant to the people of Okonyoka, a settlement of less than 150 people situated in the heart of Eastern Namibia's southern communal lands. Here, people are adapting their livelihoods flexibly in response to both environmental natural resource variability and to changes in social institutions and land use policies. Drought‐coping strategies, privatisation of the range through fencing and changes to social networks, all have both positive and negative impacts on people's everyday lives. Okonyoka is the first settlement to erect a community fence in Eastern Namibia's southern communal area, but surrounding settlements are impressed with the positive environmental and societal results and are planning to follow suit. Such fences can, however, inhibit neighbouring people's livihoods, particularly the poor or socially excluded, and can change long‐standing regional drought‐coping strategies. Though the policy context is dynamic and changing, such moves have the potential to radically change the landscape of communal areas.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 9-26
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704500
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:9-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rok Ajulu
Author-X-Name-First: Rok
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajulu
Title: Thabo Mbeki's African renaissance in a globalising world economy: the struggle for the soul of the continent
Abstract: The idea of an African renaissance has once again re‐emerged on the continental agenda, and as in the past, it has captured the imagination of a number of scholars, journalists, and politicians. In South Africa, where the African renaissance has come to be associated with the political ideas of President Thabo Mbeki, it has been broadly interpreted as calling for African political renewal and economic regeneration. Mbeki speaks of the rebirth and renewal of the continent, the establishment of democratic political systems, the achievement of sustainable economic development and the changing of Africa's place in the world economy so that Africa becomes free of the yoke of the international debt burden, and no longer a supplier of raw materials or an importer of manufactured goods. At the core of Mbeki's renaissance therefore, is a deep concern with the position of the continent within a rapidly globalising world economy. While Mbeki acknowledges that these aspirations are not new from the point of view of continental struggles for emancipation, he argues that conditions currently exist in which they can be achieved. Among these, he has identified the end of the cold‐war, completion of the process of decolonisation on the continent, and the acceleration of the process of globalisation itself.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 27-42
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704501
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:27-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Hearn
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hearn
Title: The ‘uses and abuses’ of civil society in Africa
Abstract: The current discourse on ‘civil society’ in Africa, conducted by Northern governments, international NGOs, activists and academics, often presents civil society as the locus sine qua nonfor progressive politics, the place where people organise to make their lives better, even a site of resistance. This article seeks to remind us that, as originally theorized by Antonio Gramsci, civil society is a potential battleground. It also constitutes an arena in which states and other powerful actors intervene to influence the political agendas of organised groups with the intention of defusing opposition. This article examines the extent to which this form of civil society is being constituted in Africa, in particular, through Northern government support to African policy‐oriented organisations. It does this by looking at three quite distinct national contexts and investigating the relationship between the dominant development project in each, undertaken by the government in ‘strategic collaboration’ with donors and civil society. It focuses on Ghana, South Africa and Uganda during the late 1990s. All three countries have been paradigmatic in terms of donor visions for the continent and have attracted some of the largest aid packages that specifically target ‘civil society’. It is argued that donors have been successful in influencing the current version of civil society in these countries so that a vocal, well‐funded section of it, which intervenes on key issues of national development strategy, acts not as a force for challenging the status quo,but for building societal consensus for maintaining it.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 43-53
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704502
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:43-53
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Greg Cameron
Author-X-Name-First: Greg
Author-X-Name-Last: Cameron
Title: Taking stock of pastoralist NGOs in Tanzania
Abstract: The article begins with a brief history of the land pressures on pastoralism that gave rise to the emergence of pastoralist NGOs in Tanzania and the formation of an umbrella body — the Pastoralist Indigenous Non‐Governmental Organization (PINGOs) Forum — intended to serve their collective interests. Through focusing on some of the affiliates of the PINGOs Forum, the article outlines the leadership and organisational problems that beset its members and which set the conditions for its domination by one of its founder NGOs. Investigation of the influence of Western donors suggests that there has been a shift in PINGOs’ efforts both into activities best done by its affiliates or upwards and outwards to the transnational level. While acknowledging the difficulty of engaging in politics as usual, the failure of PINGOs’ to situate itself within wider processes of political debate in Tanzania has further isolated pastoralist issues from policy makers and citizenry alike. In conclusion the article points to alternative approaches that activists could pursue in the future.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 55-72
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704503
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:55-72
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. B. Zack‐Williams
Author-X-Name-First: A. B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack‐Williams
Title: Child soldiers in the civil war in Sierra Leone
Abstract: This article examines the factors which have brought children into social movements challenging those wielding political power in Sierra Leone. It reviews the manner of their recruitment and the roles they have played in the civil war. The analysis is premised on the notion that peripheral capitalism has transformed the form of the family, loosening controls over children. With ongoing crises in both the economic and political realms undermining kinship structures and leaving children with little security, some have turned to surrogate families for protection, either on the street or in the ranks of combatants. Although some of the children who have participated in the war have been volunteers, thousands more have been abducted and socialised via brute violence by both sides.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 73-82
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704504
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:73-82
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dave Bartlett
Author-X-Name-First: Dave
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartlett
Title: Human rights, democracy & the donors: the first MMD government in Zambia
Abstract: At the beginning of the 1990s the stage appeared set for an era of global democratisation with western attention particularly focused on Africa. After the 1991 election Zambia was praised by western donor countries and the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) as a beacon which heralded political transformation across the continent. Yet any exploration of the Movement for Multi‐Party Democracy's (MMD) political performance, its record in developing human rights, or the personal integrity of ministers would have revealed this acclaim to be unfounded. This contention is substantiated through an examination of the areas of personal security and government/ press relations. It is argued that donor support for political reform was grounded in their desire for the implementation of structural adjustment programmes and economic liberalising measures which resulted in the concept of democracy with which they were associated, becoming discredited.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 83-91
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704505
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:83-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Bulletin board
Journal:
Pages: 93-98
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704506
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704506
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:93-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Ifeka
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Ifeka
Title: Oil, NGOs & youths: struggles for resource control in the Niger delta
Abstract: The Niger Delta, one of the world's largest wetlands and the sixth largest exporter of crude oil, is notorious for environmental pollution, poverty and violence. For four decades the Federal Nigerian Government has neglected its obligations to fishing communities in the vicinity of oil wells or facing offshore platforms. Although the Federal Government takes 60% of the dollar sales of crude oil (40% goes to the oil companies), the political class has declined to regulate gas flaring, pipeline maintenance or levels of spillage. Frustrated by their exclusion from the benefits of oil, militant youths attack oil company installations, hi‐jack personnel, and lay waste to villages believed to harbour oil reserves, leaving many homeless. These angry subalterns believe that their communities own and should control of the natural resources in their vicinity. The consequence is an increase of casualties in inter‐communal raids and counter‐raids, in wildfires at spillage sites, and in shootings by ‘mobile police’ when demonstrating youths enter the oil installations that they guard.
Journal:
Pages: 99-105
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704507
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704507
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:99-105
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: SADC puts on a new face
Journal:
Pages: 105-108
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704508
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704508
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:105-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Briefing by president thabo mbeki at the world economy forum meeting, davos, 28 January 2001
Journal:
Pages: 108-110
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704509
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704509
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:108-110
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Mozambique wins long battle over cashew nuts & sugar
Journal:
Pages: 111-112
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704510
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:111-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maude Barlow
Author-X-Name-First: Maude
Author-X-Name-Last: Barlow
Title: The last frontier: GATS
Abstract: A global agreement currently being negotiated will allow corporations to take over the world's public services ‐whether people want it or not. If implemented, it will spell the end of the public sector.
Journal:
Pages: 112-119
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704511
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:112-119
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Seddon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon
Title: Japanese aid strategy
Journal:
Pages: 119-121
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704512
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704512
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:119-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shapi Shacinda
Author-X-Name-First: Shapi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shacinda
Title: COMESA ‐ Africa's first free trade area
Journal:
Pages: 121-122
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704513
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704513
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:121-122
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Munetsi Madakufamba
Author-X-Name-First: Munetsi
Author-X-Name-Last: Madakufamba
Title: NGOs warn rich nations to accelerate debt cancellation or face repudiation
Journal:
Pages: 122-125
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704514
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704514
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:122-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Plant
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Plant
Title: Towards a cold peace? the outcome of the ethiopia ‐Eritrea war of 1988 ‐ 2000
Abstract: The conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, that broke out on 6 May 1998 was formally ended on 12 December 2000, when both countries signed a framework peace agreement in the Algerian capital, Algiers. The agreement came as a huge relief to the people of both countries, who had paid such a high price for the war, which claimed some 100,000 lives and displaced more than 600,000 civilians (Ethiopia Humanitarian Update, 22 December 2000, UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Ethiopia). The cost in financial terms has run into hundreds of millions of dollars, as both governments vied for military supremacy, buying the arms they needed from international dealers at vast expense. As both rank among the poorest countries in the world, it was a price that neither could afford.
Journal:
Pages: 125-129
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704515
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704515
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:125-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Moore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: From King leopold to King Kabila in the Congo: the continuities & contradictions of the long road from warlordism to democracy in the heart of Africa
Journal:
Pages: 130-135
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704516
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704516
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:130-135
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugh McCullum
Author-X-Name-First: Hugh
Author-X-Name-Last: McCullum
Title: Patient rights priority over pharmaceutical profits
Journal:
Pages: 135-137
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704517
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:135-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lynne Brydon
Author-X-Name-First: Lynne
Author-X-Name-Last: Brydon
Title: Slavery & labour in West Africa
Journal:
Pages: 137-140
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704518
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704518
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:137-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Anderson, David M & Vigdis Broch‐Due, The Poor are Not Us: Poverty and Pastoralism in Eastern Africa,Eastern African Studies, James Currey 1999. Negashe, Tekeste & Kjetil Tronvoll, Brothers at War: Making Sense of the Eritrean‐Ethiopian War, Eastern African Studies, James Currey 2000. Henze, Paul B, Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia,Hurst 2000. Toulmin, Camila and Julian Quan, Evolving Land Rights, Policy and Tenure in Africa,IIED and DfID, London 2000. Woodhouse, Philip, Henry Bernstein & David Hulme, African Enclosures? The Social Dynamics of Wetlands in Drylands, James Currey; David Philip; Africa World Press; EAEP, 2000. Dashwood, Hevina S, Zimbabwe: The Political Economy of Transformation,University of Toronto Press, 2000.
Journal:
Pages: 141-144
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704519
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704519
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:141-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 143-144
Issue: 87
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:87:p:143-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704356
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704356
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Africa & the drugs trade
Journal:
Pages: 5-11
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704357
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704357
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:5-11
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Bernstein
Author-X-Name-First: Henry
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernstein
Title: Ghana's drug economy: some preliminary data
Abstract: Ghana's drug economy is relatively recent. Cannabis cultivation and trade, for domestic consumption and export, appears to have expanded significantly only since the 1960s. The transit/re‐export of cocaine and heroin is a phenomenon of the 1980s, with the usual ‘spillover’ effect, and extension of their consumption to a wider social range of users than is commonly believed. The cannabis economy no doubt provides important sources of income for significant numbers of farmers and intermediaries in the chain of distribution. Large rewards for smuggling cocaine and heroin facilitate the recruitment of couriers, despite the high risks. While it is fatuous to suggest any simple or necessary connection between socioeconomic conditions and the nature, extent and patterns of drug production, trafficking and consumption, it can be hypothesised that the growth of the drug economy in Ghana has some relation to the enduring crisis of development and livelihoods, and its effects for social change. The drug economy in Africa today is probably one of the most dynamic and valuable spheres of ‘non‐traditional’ exports and re‐exports.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 13-32
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704358
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704358
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:13-32
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Green
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Title: & the realities of Somalis: historic, social, household, political & economic
Abstract: This article presents a brief review of khatt; a macro analysis of its roles in the Republic of Somaliland; briefer sketches of divergences of roles in other Somali heartland territories and Kenya concluding with a speculative section on what might be desirable (for Somalis) ways forward. All of these topics are bedevilled by limited prior research, the special pleading strands in much writing, the difficulty in knowing of or securing much of what is known and written and the intensely emotional context of most discourse. The last is not inherently a bad thing — khattmatters. Half of urban household absolute poverty, of farmer cash income and of female instituted divorces are not matters particularly appropriate for mild, disassociated academic curiosity. However, emotion leading to a rush to unanalysed action, and to inventing ‘symbolic truths’, which have meaning but not analytical veridicality, can be the enemy of, just as much as the catalyst toward, the possible.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 33-49
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:33-49
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Axel Klein
Author-X-Name-First: Axel
Author-X-Name-Last: Klein
Title: Nigeria & the drugs war
Abstract: Over the past five years the Nigerian government has taken dramatic steps to improve the country's reputation as an international drug trafficking centre. As most of the emphasis has fallen on law enforcement and repression there has been a sharp increase in arrest rates and the prison population. In spite of such severe measures a correlative fall in consumption has not been registered. There is a danger that Nigeria is not only repeating the unsuccessful strategies employed in the US, but is also failing to take account of the very different conditions in the local drug scene. It follows that the ostensible outcome of drug control — reduced consumption and trafficking — has become secondary to the manipulation of drug law enforcement for the extension of state authority and to effect social and political control.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 51-73
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704360
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704360
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:51-73
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Brown
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: The EU & structural adjustment: the case of Lomé IV & Zimbabwe
Abstract: This article will assess European Union (EU) (Endnote 1) structural adjustment support and the relationship of it to the policies of the IMF and World Bank in the case of Zimbabwe. It will argue that contrary to the claims of the EU Commission, aid from the Convention has become dominated by adjustment concerns and that these are closely tied to the priorities of the Bretton Woods institutions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 75-91
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:75-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: Re‐forming the state? Kleptocracy & the political transition in Kenya
Abstract: Kenya's general election of December 1997 saw the return of President Daniel Arap Moi and the Kenya African National Union (KANU) but has inaugurated a period of intense political fluidity. On the one hand, the ruling party won the election, but its sense of vulnerability has been reinforced by widespread recognition that a less divided opposition could have displaced it. On the other, apparent acceptance by the President of a 1992 constitutional amendment which dictates that his re‐election would signal his last term of office has precipitated a struggle around the succession. In turn, the uncertainty has been compounded by the fact that, prior to the election, the government was forced to concede a political reform package which not only partially corrected the imbalance in the electoral rules which systematically favoured the ruling party, but which also conceded that these changes would lead on to an open‐ended review of the constitution starting in the new year (Southall, 1998). The immediate outcome has been dramatic, for whilst Moi has been casting around to shore up the increasingly shaky foundations of his regime, rivals for the presidency have begun to jockey for position and the opposition parties to re‐assess their options and relations to both KANU and each other. Additionally, the political class as a whole has been shaken by a series of financial scandals which threatens its control over an increasingly troubled economy. In short, whilst the new fluidity suggests some opportunity for a genuine democratic opening, the situation is also fraught with the danger of a simultaneous collapse of the state and of the ramshackle foundations which sustain it. Yet even if Kenya does pull off a ‘successful’ transition, it does not follow that this will matched by the arrival of a new government able and willing to confront the political roots of the economy's stagnation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 93-108
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704362
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:93-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Habib
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Habib
Author-Name: Rupert Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Rupert
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Parliamentary opposition & democratic consolidation in South Africa
Abstract: We print below a contribution which argues the need for an effective electoral opposition in South Africa that is class and policy‐based rather than racially conceived. It can be linked both to recent articles on shifts in the ANC's policies and economic strategy (Saul, Gall, and Adams, all in Review 72 of 1997, McDonald in 75, and Padayachee, and Hall, in 76 — both 1998), and to earlier Debates pieces on the relationship between nationalism and democracy in South Africa, notably that by Robert Fine in Review 45/6 (1989).
Journal:
Pages: 109-115
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704363
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:109-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ernest Harsch
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest
Author-X-Name-Last: Harsch
Title: Africa, asia & anxieties about globalisation
Journal:
Pages: 117-123
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704364
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704364
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:117-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredeth Turshen
Author-X-Name-First: Meredeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Turshen
Title: West African workshop on women in the aftermath of civil war
Journal:
Pages: 123-131
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704365
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:123-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Declaration de la coalition anti-guerre des femmes Africaines
Journal:
Pages: 132-133
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704366
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:132-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matt Bryden
Author-X-Name-First: Matt
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryden
Title: New hope for Somalia? The building block approach
Journal:
Pages: 134-140
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704367
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:134-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silas Alashi
Author-X-Name-First: Silas
Author-X-Name-Last: Alashi
Title: National parks & biodiversity conservation: problems with participatory forestry management
Journal:
Pages: 140-144
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704368
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:140-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: European union aid scandal
Journal:
Pages: 145-145
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704369
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:145-145
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Why is nobody listening? The issue of ‘GMOV's’
Abstract: In this issue (also see ROAPE 77 & 78) we continue to be concerned about the tidal wave of protest that our government's are ignoring regarding the use of genetically modified organisms, and why. The bio-tech industry is big business and as we approach the 21st century there is increasing evidence of the emergence of the global corporation - a form of corporate feudalism. This 'profits before people' stance is even more threatening in less developed countries, locking peasants into a future of total dependence - a new form of enslavement.
Journal:
Pages: 145-147
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704370
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:145-147
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Munetsi Madakufamba
Author-X-Name-First: Munetsi
Author-X-Name-Last: Madakufamba
Title: New Euro challenges Dollar hegemony: impact on SADC still to come
Journal:
Pages: 147-150
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704371
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:147-150
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bill Freund
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Freund
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: Union Power in the Nigerian Textile Industry; Labour Regime and Adjustmentby Gunilla Andrae and Björn Beckman, Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 1998. East African Alternatives
Journal:
Pages: 151-154
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704372
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704372
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:151-154
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Morris Szeftel
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeftel
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Corruption and the Crisis of Industrial Reforms in Africa(1998), by John Mbaku, Edwin Mellen Press, Lampeter, ISBN 0–7734–8351–9. Developing Uganda(1998), edited by H B Hansen, M Twaddle, Fountain (Kampala), James Currey (London), Ohio UP (USA), E.A.E.P (Nairobi), ISBN 0–85255–395–1. Changing Gender Relations in Southern Africa: Issues of Urban Life(1998), edited by A Larsson, M Mapetla, A Schyler, Institute of Southern African Studies, National University of Lesotho, Roma, Lesotho, ISBN 99911–31–21–3. African Guerrillas(1998), edited by C Clapham, James Currey, ISBN 0–85255–815–5. The Politics of Opposition in Contemporary Africa(1998), edited by Adebayo Olukoshi, Nordiska Afrikain‐stitutet, ISBN 91–7106–419–2. Perspectives on Africa: A Reader in Culture, History and Representation(1997), edited by R R Grinker, C B Steiner, Blackwell, ISBN 1–55786–686–4. Ethnic Diversity and Public Policy: A Comparative Enquiry(1998), edited by Crawford Young, UNRISD, Macmillan, ISBN 0–333–65389–0. Famine Crimes: Politics and the Disaster Relief Industry in Africa(1997), Alex de Waal, African Rights and the International African Institute in association with James Currey Publishers and Indiana University Press ISBN 0–85255–810–4.
Journal:
Pages: 155-159
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704373
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704373
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:155-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 159-159
Issue: 79
Volume: 26
Year: 1999
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704374
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056249908704374
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:26:y:1999:i:79:p:159-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editors
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704560
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704560
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: Patrimonialism & petro‐diamond capitalism: peace, geopolitics & the economics of war in Angola
Journal:
Pages: 489-502
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704561
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704561
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:489-502
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Simon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Title: The bitter harvest of war: continuing social & humanitarian dislocation in Angola
Abstract: Angola's seemingly endless civil war has generated untold human suffering through death, injury, displacement and destruction. The social cost of the return to war after the elections in 1992, and again after the abandonment by UNITA of the Lusaka Accords in late 1998 has arguably been greater than previously. This paper examines the human cost of this latest period of fighting, focusing on the scale and nature of displacement, the collapse of infrastructure and services, and the very costly international humanitarian operation. Paradoxically, the crisis has worsened since the Angolan army's dramatic territorial gains against UNITA, as more displaced people become accessible and resources are stretched yet further. Economic dislocation is profound, health and educational indicators are alarming, while poverty is pervasive in both urban and rural areas. Resettlement and rehabilitation efforts are slow and limited; even if a durable and effective peace is eventually secured, the long‐term challenges of human recovery, social reconstruction and participatory development will be immense. Critical questions are raised about the likely nature of this process.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 503-520
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704562
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704562
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:503-520
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Assis Malaquias
Author-X-Name-First: Assis
Author-X-Name-Last: Malaquias
Title: Making war & lots of money: the political economy of protracted conflict in Angola
Abstract: The civil war in Angola has mutated into a major criminal enterprise. Once regarded as a conflict caused primarily by ethnic and class divisions exacerbated by Cold War ideological rivalries, Angola's protracted conflict is now a convenient cover used by the elites commanding the principal antagonists ‐ the governing Movimento Popular de Libertacao de Angola (MPLA) and the rebel Uniao Nacional para Independencia Total de Angola (UNITA) movement ‐ to enrich themselves. The consequences for the country and its people have been devastating. Angola is being reduced to ashes: destruction, death and incessant suffering consume the daily lives of all but a few of its citizens. This article examines the internal and external dimensions of this war for Angola's oil and diamond wealth.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 521-536
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704563
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704563
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:521-536
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Kibble
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibble
Author-Name: Alex Vines
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Vines
Title: Angola: new hopes for civil society?
Abstract: How does emerging Angolan civil society help bring about needed peace and constructive international support when the entire recent history of their country has been of internal repression and war aided by external, mostly malign, intervention with a million and a half people killed since 1975? On the face of it, civil society seems unlikely to succeed where elite negotiations and UN interventions have been so spectacularly unsuccessful, but there are some hopeful signs and some possible points of pressure ‐not least the fact that civil society may have greater popular legitimacy (if rather less power) than any of the political parties and government institutions. None the less it is important not to romanticise the attempts of Angolans to organise themselves for self‐help, peace promotion and the like. Many organisations do not last, there are divisions amongst and between groups and a lack of government structures able or interested in dialogue.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 537-548
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704564
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704564
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:537-548
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filip Boeck
Author-X-Name-First: Filip
Author-X-Name-Last: Boeck
Title: worlds: digging, dying & ‘hunting’ for diamonds in Angola
Abstract: This article offers a brief presentation of the diamond smuggling activities between the Angolan province of Lunda Norte and the bordering Congolese Kasai and (especially) Kwango region (and more particularly the administrative units of Kahemba and Kasongo Lunda. Over the past two decades these areas have become central in contributing to the ‘dollarisation’ of local economies in both Angola and Democratic Republic of Congo. As a result, national currencies in the two countries lost much of their significance throughout the 1990s. Whereas the major cities in Congo and Angola have in many respects become ‘village’ or ‘forest‐like’, the ‘bush’ on the border between Congo and Lunda Norte is the place where dollars have been generated, and where villages have transformed themselves, at least temporarily, into booming diamond settlements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 549-562
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704565
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704565
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:549-562
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Wright
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright
Title: The Clinton administration's policy toward Angola: an assessment
Abstract: This article assesses President Bill Clinton's foreign policy towards Angola within the context of United States’ post‐World War II foreign policy, Clinton's overall foreign policy, and his approach towards sub‐Saharan Africa. In September, 1992, multi‐party elections based on national reconciliation were held in Angola. After losing those elections to President Jose Eduardo dos Santos and the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) Jonas Savimbi and his National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) returned to warfare, quickly gaining control of over 70 per cent of the country. The Bush administration responded to Savimbi's actions by proposing a new round of negotiations based on ‘power sharing’, designed to give Savimbi and UNITA another chance to gain state power. President Clinton extended diplomatic relations to the Government of Angola, but also promoted the power sharing solution. In 1984 an agreement was made between the Government and UNITA, which led to a government of national unity in 1997. Savimbi, however, continued to terrorise the Angolan society. Two central questions raised in this assessment are: 1) Why was Savimbi able to sustain his military option? and 2) Was the Clinton administration actually committed to ‘national reconciliation’ in Angola? The current analysis shows that: 1) Savimbi sustained his military option because UNITA earned over $3 billion smuggling diamonds, enabling him to purchase ample supplies of weapons; and 2) as long as Western business interests made profits there, the instability wrought by Savimbi was acceptable to the hegemonic interests of the United States.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 563-576
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704566
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704566
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:563-576
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allan Cain
Author-X-Name-First: Allan
Author-X-Name-Last: Cain
Title: Humanitarian & development actors as peacebuilders?
Abstract: The article argues that despite ample justification for donor fatigue, the international community has, in fact, stayed engaged in Angola during the last decade. Investment in humanitarian and development/rehabilitation programming can be understood as a donor strategy for influencing regional stability and building peace. The war raises risks for the major powers who have progressively increased their stake in the lucrative Angolan petroleum economy. The Community Rehabilitation Programme (CRP) launched in Brussels in 1995 had a clear agenda to help consolidate the peace process launched in Lusaka in 1994 and the donor financial support necessary to make the plan viable. The author argues that the CRP programme incorporated some of the essential elements for effective peace building. These fundamentals included: institutional reform, rural‐urban economic equilibration, social and infrastructural rehabilitation and community buy‐in. The opportunity to have a real impact on the peace process was missed due to the failure of key implementing actors to put an effective operational programme in place in a timely manner. Donor's and more importantly communities, lost patience and the CRP was effectively sidelined. When a belated extension of state administration was attempted in 1998, the CRP mechanism was already moribund. A strategic opportunity to involve communities in the process of civic reconstruction paid for by international donors was wasted. Lessons from these failures can be drawn and the analysis applied to develop improved strategies for engaging communities, local government and other actors such as donors. A renewed programme for alleviating the Angolan humanitarian crisis and at the same time contributing to the peace process is proposed through strengthening communities’ capacities and investing in civic institutions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 577-586
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704567
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704567
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:577-586
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jedrzej Frynas
Author-X-Name-First: Jedrzej
Author-X-Name-Last: Frynas
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: Oil & war in Angola
Abstract: This article investigates the impact of oil on the war in Angola. It demonstrates that mineral wealth has not only financed Angola's war but has also intimately shaped the contours of the conflict. MPLA's access to oil revenues and UNITA's to diamonds can help to explain the duration and character of the conflict, and, to some extent, even the timing of military operations. The logic of the ‘resource curse’ has had a major impact on the make‐up of Angola's political economy and has been decisive in the erosion of state legitimacy, which in turn has had important consequences for the prospects for peace. The activities of foreign oil companies have affected the shape of the conflict; the intense competition for oil concessions has led to a number of different companies seeking the favour of the Angolan state elite through dubious charitable donations, weapons deals, and other forms of assistance. On a theoretical level, the article questions liberal assumptions about the positive effects of trade on peace.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 587-606
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704568
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704568
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:587-606
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vladimir Shubin
Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir
Author-X-Name-Last: Shubin
Author-Name: Andrei Tokarev
Author-X-Name-First: Andrei
Author-X-Name-Last: Tokarev
Title: War in Angola: a Soviet dimension
Abstract: This article addresses the political and military relationship between the Soviet Union and Angola between 1961 and 1991. It examines some of the problems between the two countries and is based on newly available archival material and interviews. Soviet policy towards Southern Africa and Angola has been the subject of a lot of academic research in the West, especially during the ‘Cold War’, yet many aspects remain controversial and contested.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 607-618
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:607-618
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Robson
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Robson
Author-Name: Sandra Roque
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Roque
Title: ‘Here in the city, everything has to be paid for’: locating the community in peri‐urban Angola
Abstract: The following article is a preliminary summary of research carried out for ADRA and the Development Workshop Angola about communities, solidarity and collective action in peri‐urban areas of Angola. Full reports in Portuguese and English will be published as Development Workshop Occasional Papers. The strategies of development organisations in Angola have increasingly focused on ‘strengthening civil society’ and ‘governance’. This is positive, though they cannot be seen as magic formulae. The many changes in Angolan society (before and after Independence) have had the result of weakening social cohesion, and migration to peri‐urban areas as one of the most important changes. This makes it more difficult to develop the relationships of trust and the mechanisms of accountability that are the basis of a strong civil society and good governance. Strategies need to directly address these issues rather than assume that they exist.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 619-628
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704570
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:619-628
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippe Billon
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Billon
Title: Thriving on war: The Angolan conflict & private business
Abstract: With their huge demand for arms and substantial natural resource revenues, Angolan belligerents have made Angola a ‘dream country’ for savvy businessmen able to juggle political relations, arms dealing, and natural resources brokering. Recent investigations by the French judicial system, the UK‐based NGO Global Witness, and UN sanctions monitors have cast a new light on the arms deals and corruption that plagued Angola throughout the 1990s. This Briefing retraces the rise of two businessmen who benefited from and participated in the Angola tragedy. Their careers highlight the inadequacies and ambiguities of the international community and international law in terms of regulating businesses during armed conflicts. Recent initiatives bringing about more transparency and accountability in the use of resource revenues are important steps forward, but an international legal framework is required to take into account the commercialised nature of contemporary wars and war economies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 629-635
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704571
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:629-635
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jakkie Cillers
Author-X-Name-First: Jakkie
Author-X-Name-Last: Cillers
Title: Business & war in Angola
Abstract: As the international community's enthusiasm for peacekeeping has declined, it has sought effective and alternative ways of effecting peace without the risk of troop deployment Imposing various conditions on the warring parties has been an obvious alternative. This is the thinking behind the sanctions presently applied, albeit with limited effect, on the Angolan rebel movement, UNITA, and the various attempts at structural adjustment programs imposed on the government in Luanda.
Journal:
Pages: 636-641
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704572
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:636-641
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Sidaway
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Sidaway
Title: Angola: ‘back to normal’
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 641-643
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704573
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:641-643
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre Beaudet
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Beaudet
Title: La société civile et la lutte pour la paix en Angola
Abstract: La société civile angolaise a pris du temps à prendre sa place après l'avènement de l'indépendance. Encore aujourd'hui, elle reste faible et vulnérable. Mais, en même temps, elle constitue une des clés pour permettre de réelles transformations en Angola. C'est la mobilisation et l'organisation de la société civile qui seront les facteurs déterminants pour la démocratisation, l'établissement de la paix et l'amorce d'un développement durable dans ce pays.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 643-649
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704574
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704574
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:643-649
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Wright
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright
Title: Landmines: a worse fate still to come?
Abstract: As the number of countries joing the ban on anti‐personnel mines slowly rises, Landmine Action hasbeen investigating the weapons being stockpiled and invented to replace those banned. It seems that Governments, the military and manufacturers have not learned from the problems with landmines. They are stockpiling and quietly developing alternative mines that may be inhumane, dangerous and, in some cases, potentially as lethal as the weapons they are supposed to replace. As most of this work is happening in secret, there is a compete lack of public awareness of the potential problems. Yet this is not futuristic, space age weaponry ‐ some of these systems will be ready for action within the next couple of years, others are already in use.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 649-650
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704575
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:649-650
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: Angola on‐line
Journal:
Pages: 650-652
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704576
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:650-652
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Simon
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Author-Name: Philippe Billon
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Billon
Author-Name: Marcus Power
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: Book reviews
Abstract: Communities and Reconstruction in Angola,edited by Paul Robson. Occasional Paper 1, Development Workshop, Guelph, Canada, 2001. 183pp. ISBN 0–9688768–0–1, £12.00 pbk. Reviewed by David Simon. Angola: Front Afro‐Stalinism to Petro‐Diamond Capitalismby Tony Hodges, published by James Currey, 2001. Reviewed by Philippe Le Billon Running Guns: The Global black market in Small ArmsbyLora Lumpe (ed.), Zed Books, London. ISBN 1 85649 873 5 (pbk) ,(2000). Reviewed by Marcus Power. Angola's War Economy: The Role of Oil and Diamondsby Jakkie Cilliers and Christian Dietrich (eds.) (2000), Institute of Security Studies Pretoria, ISS, Pretoria. ISBN 0–620–26645–7 (pbk). Reviewed by Marcus Power.
Journal:
Pages: 653-657
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704577
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704577
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:653-657
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Bulletin board
Journal:
Pages: 658-658
Issue: 90
Volume: 28
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240108704578
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240108704578
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:28:y:2001:i:90:p:658-658
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Neoliberalism, labour power and democracy – the sense of an ending
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 353-357
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1368607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1368607
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:353-357
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lauren M. MacLean
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren M.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacLean
Title: Neoliberal democratisation, colonial legacies and the rise of the non-state provision of social welfare in West Africa
Abstract:
This article explores the rise of the non-state provision of social welfare in West Africa. Over the past three decades, a range of non-state actors, including secular non-governmental organisations, faith-based organisations, for-profit businesses and informal networks have provided access to basic social services such as education and health care even more extensively than states. The article asks: why has the number of non-state providers increased so markedly across Africa, and why do the predominant types of non-state providers vary in different countries? The author argues that neoliberal democratisation during the 1980s and 1990s created new opportunities and spaces for non-state providers. Yet, an analysis of Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia shows that colonial legacies have mediated the numbers and types of non-state actors on the ground. The conclusion highlights how this growth in non-state provision has significant negative consequences for citizens’ ability to obtain equitable access to and accountability for social welfare services.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 358-380
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1319806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1319806
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:358-380
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Author-Name: Lionel Cliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cliffe
Title: A comparative political economy of regional migration and labour mobility in West and Southern Africa
Abstract:
Based on a collaboration with the late Lionel Cliffe, this article suggests agendas and methods for analysing regional patterns of migration and labour mobility in Southern and West Africa. It locates local communities in regional patterns and global processes using two key organising concepts: first, the regionalisation of Africa, as outlined in Samir Amin’s work. The authors consider continuities and discontinuities with the paradigms of ‘Africa of the labour reserves’ and ‘Africa of the colonial trade economy’ to understand contemporary realities. Second, this article explores the mechanisms and characteristics of cheap labour on different scales of analysis. This includes a discussion of the theories that explored the relations of reproduction of labour, and the reproduction of the labour system as a whole. In doing so, it rethinks the modes of production discourse to highlight the continuing importance of situations where capitalism exists alongside non-capitalist relations of production and reproduction.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 381-398
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1333411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1333411
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:381-398
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Bernards
Author-X-Name-First: Nick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernards
Title: The International Labour Organization and African trade unions: tripartite fantasies and enduring struggles
Abstract:
This article examines the complex and contradictory history of interactions between the International Labour Organization (ILO) and trade unions in Africa from 1960 to the present. The paper focuses in particular on ILO efforts to deliver technical assistance to trade unions. I highlight the tensions raised by the mismatch between ILO’s adherence to a particular view of industrial unionism rooted in northern European experience, which I label the ‘tripartite fantasy’ and the political and economic realities of labour in Africa. The article draws on original archival and interview evidence to trace out the subtle conflicts raised by these tensions. It focuses in particular on the difficulty in balancing the principle of freedom of association with efforts to promote ‘unity’ among African unions. These tensions played out most clearly in efforts to organise assistance to unions under apartheid. The article concludes by reflecting on the difficult position of the ILO in contemporary African politics.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 399-414
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1318359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1318359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:399-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Dickinson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickinson
Title: Institutionalised conflict, subaltern worker rebellions and insurgent unionism: casual workers’ organisation and power resources in the South African Post Office
Abstract:
Across the globe, the increasing number of precarious workers has (re)created bifurcated labour markets. This paper looks at casual worker mobilisation in the South African Post Office. Attention is paid to one group of workers, the Mabarete, and the way they projected power in a classification struggle pursued though violence and intimidation, rather than moral or symbolic power. Their struggle was spatially and morally sculpted by the communities in which they lived, but was not social movement unionism. Why the Mabarete transformed – from the successful organisation structure that had evolved to registered union – is addressed through two alternative models of industrial engagement: the use of official, legal frameworks in which conflict is institutionalised and that of subaltern worker rebellions in which extra-legal, covert forms of power are mobilised. Insurgent unionism, it is argued, can be understood as the combination of, or oscillation between, these two alternatives.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 415-431
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1322947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1322947
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:415-431
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sobukwe Odinga
Author-X-Name-First: Sobukwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Odinga
Title: ‘We recommend compliance’: bargaining and leverage in Ethiopian–US intelligence cooperation
Abstract:
Disputes over the costs and benefits of intelligence liaisons between the US and its African allies are routine. The contentious and largely overlooked bargaining processes that stem from these disputes call into question prominent depictions of US–African security partnerships as rigidly hierarchical alliances. Through an assessment of compliance bargaining between Ethiopia and the US over the terms of their intelligence liaison, this article posits that, despite the vast power asymmetry between these allies, Ethiopia routinely dictated and policed the terms of this liaison, while consistently leveraging it as means to acquire political concessions from the US.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 432-448
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1368472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1368472
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:432-448
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregor Dobler
Author-X-Name-First: Gregor
Author-X-Name-Last: Dobler
Title: China and Namibia, 1990 to 2015: how a new actor changes the dynamics of political economy
Abstract:
The article identifies changes in Namibia’s society linked to China’s new role. To understand such changes, it is important to avoid isolating ‘Chinese actors’ from their host society. The author analyses links between Chinese and Namibian actors in three domains: ‘soft power’, Chinese traders and the construction industry. In all three, the presence of Chinese actors does not simply change Namibia’s relations with the world. It has important repercussions on Namibian society, it influences the distribution of capital within Namibia and it engenders shifts in the internal balance of power. Since Chinese influence does not remain external, the line between ‘Chinese’ and ‘Namibian’ actors has long become blurred – turning Namibian political elites into constituent parts of the ‘external’ dynamics they are charged with regulating.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 449-465
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1273828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1273828
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:449-465
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin
Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng-Odoom
Title: The myth of economic growth in Africa
Abstract:
Most of the models in economics were formulated based on experiences outside Africa, raising questions about their relevance to the continent where conditions can be markedly different to those that inspired those models. This debate must be revisited in the light of recent economic controversies about Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 466-475
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1313217
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1313217
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:466-475
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ehis Michael Odijie
Author-X-Name-First: Ehis Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Odijie
Title: Oil and democratisation in Ghana
Abstract:
In this Debate, I argue that the 2007 discovery of oil in commercial quantities in Ghana is advancing rather than obstructing democratisation. Using the theory of political settlement and the institutional concept of feedback, I show that oil has led to democratic feedback.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 476-486
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1368010
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1368010
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:476-486
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathew Bukhi Mabele
Author-X-Name-First: Mathew Bukhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mabele
Title: Beyond forceful measures: Tanzania’s ‘war on poaching’ needs diversified strategies more than militarised tactics
Abstract:
This Briefing looks at the existing strategies to confront poaching in Tanzania. With militarised strategies becoming dominant, the Briefing argues for diversified tactics to counter ‘poaching’, suggesting that bureaucrats and conservationists must put more efforts into addressing root causes of poaching through strategies that go beyond coercive measures.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 487-498
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1271316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1271316
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:487-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Ouma
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouma
Title: The difference that ‘capitalism’ makes: on the merits and limits of critical political economy in African Studies
Abstract:
The goal of this Briefing is to weigh in carefully on the respective merits and limits of critical political economy perspectives in African Studies (and beyond) and to make a case for ontological and theoretical modesty. Rather than taking African capitalist societies for granted, we should unpick how particular social entities are being made.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 499-509
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1318360
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1318360
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:499-509
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Oyewole
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Oyewole
Title: Africa and International Relations in the 21st century
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 510-511
Issue: 153
Volume: 44
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1370196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1370196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:44:y:2017:i:153:p:510-511
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gernot Klantschnig
Author-X-Name-First: Gernot
Author-X-Name-Last: Klantschnig
Author-Name: Margarita Dimova
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Africa and the drugs trade revisited
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 167-173
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1170312
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1170312
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:167-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Carrier
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrier
Author-Name: Gernot Klantschnig
Author-X-Name-First: Gernot
Author-X-Name-Last: Klantschnig
Title: Illicit livelihoods: drug crops and development in Africa
Abstract:
This article assesses the impact of drugs on agricultural production, trade and livelihoods more broadly by focusing on cannabis and khat in Lesotho, Nigeria and Kenya. It actively engages with research that has recently begun to explore the links between drugs and development in Africa and challenges some of its key assumptions. It argues that based on the available empirical evidence, the causalities between drugs and underdevelopment are not apparent. It proposes a more nuanced understanding of the impact of cannabis and khat, showing how they have provided farmers and entrepreneurs with opportunities not readily available in difficult economic environments.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 174-189
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1170676
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1170676
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:174-189
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann A. Laudati
Author-X-Name-First: Ann A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Laudati
Title: Securing (in)security: relinking violence and the trade in in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract:
The handful of studies that exist linking illegal drugs and violence in Africa tend to focus on understanding the role of drugs in shaping armed conflict. The reported linkages made between the trade in cannabis sativa and the continuing violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo are exemplars. Contemporary reports of cannabis use in the region have largely focused on two main concerns: the psychophysiological effects of drug use on conflict actors and the participation of cannabis within the war economy. According to these narratives, drugs and violence are seen to go together, destabilising society, creating insecurity, and spreading HIV. Drawing from four months of qualitative research on the cannabis trade in eastern DRC, this paper presents an alternative story of drug-related violence in the region. Namely, it argues that the dangers stemming from an entanglement with the drug are rather, as one informant aptly stated, the result of ‘security’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 190-205
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1179180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1179180
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:190-205
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher A. Suckling
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Suckling
Title: Chain work: the cultivation of hierarchy in Sierra Leone’s cannabis economy
Abstract:
Violence is often treated as an organisational complement to illicit drug production in the global South. The article challenges this view with reference to the ‘chain work’ undertaken by Sierra Leone’s cannabis cultivators. Life histories reveal that the migration of cultivators from Kingston, Jamaica to Sierra Leone’s Hastings and Waterloo established apprenticeship as the means by which young men participated in the cannabis economy under the guidance of those they referred to as ‘shareholders’. These shareholders acted as gatekeepers for access to land, cross-border exchange and extra-legal networks. The resulting structural advantages limited challenges by newcomers for an activity usually understood to be ‘naturally’ contestable. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology, cultivators are shown to reproduce practices that maintained the dominance of bosses without recourse to violence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 206-226
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1170677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1170677
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:206-226
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margarita Dimova
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimova
Title: ‘The first dragon to slay’: unpacking Kenya’s war on drugs
Abstract:
Kenya faces the challenge of policing not only drug smuggling through its territory, but a sprawling local market dominated by heroin. The government is enthusiastically embracing the global ‘war on drugs’ discourse, propped by external actors’ assistance and insistence. Guided by these developments, this article analyses Kenya’s local war on drugs using ethnographic material from immersive fieldwork in Nairobi and Mombasa. The aim is to decode local political actors’ engagement in the international drug control regime and its impact on everyday perceptions of Kenyan state authority. As such, this article provides an alternative explanation of the mechanics of Kenyan drug markets and the role some government officials play in (controlling) them.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 227-242
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1169165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1169165
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:227-242
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clémence Pinaud
Author-X-Name-First: Clémence
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinaud
Title: Military Kinship, Inc.: patronage, inter-ethnic marriages and social classes in South Sudan
Abstract:
This article analyses marital practices in South Sudan’s second civil war and its aftermath. It focuses on inter-ethnic kinship military ties sealed through the patronage of marriage and through inter-ethnic marriages. It argues that the marriage market became part of the broader circuit of predation by different armed groups. Inter-ethnic marriages varied between different ethnic groups and served different goals. They were symptomatic of changing and deteriorating ethnic dynamics within the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) and with the local population. Ordinary civilians attempted to resist increased inequalities on the marriage market, used by the military elite as a tool for class consolidation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 243-259
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1181054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1181054
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:243-259
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremiah O. Arowosegbe
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremiah O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Arowosegbe
Title: Ethnic minorities and the land question in Nigeria
Abstract:
One of the most neglected aspects of the national question discourse in Nigeria is on the role of land as a site and source of conflicts, especially given the increasing demand for its redistribution and reform in the periods before and after the implementation of the structural adjustment programme. This study discusses land as a crucial aspect of the national question discourse in Nigeria. It examines the question of how colonialism – through its policies and programmes as well as the administrative structures and political systems put in place by the colonial state – introduced new complications and dimensions to the land question, mainly through the creation and development of contradictions in colonial and postcolonial Nigeria. Drawing on data generated from focus group discussions and oral interviews carried out across the locations with pronounced incidences of land-based conflicts in the six states across South-Western Nigeria, it examines the impact of economic considerations in the ethnically motivated conflicts in Nigeria over land from 1999 to 2015. It establishes the contradictions and injustices characterising the articulation of the citizenship question vis-à-vis various ethnic majorities and minorities as well as historically dominant minorities, especially indigenes and settlers in Nigerian history and politics; and how these generate violent ethnic protests, struggles and other divisive consequences. Tapping into ethnicity, migration and other issues underlying intergroup polarisation, it discusses the conflicts between Hausa–Fulani pastoralists and indigenous Yoruba farmers in South-Western Nigeria as an illustration of the contradictions underpinning citizenship and the prevailing frameworks of land ownership in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 260-276
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1126816
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1126816
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:260-276
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuseppe Davide Cioffo
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Cioffo
Author-Name: An Ansoms
Author-X-Name-First: An
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansoms
Author-Name: Jude Murison
Author-X-Name-First: Jude
Author-X-Name-Last: Murison
Title: Modernising agriculture through a ‘new’ Green Revolution: the limits of the Crop Intensification Programme in Rwanda
Abstract:
Over the past decade, African agriculture sectors have been the object of numerous initiatives advancing a ‘new’ Green Revolution for the continent. The low productivity of African smallholders is attributed to the low use of modern, improved agricultural inputs. In short, African countries are expected to catch up with the Green Revolution in other parts of the world. This paper is a contribution to the debate on the new African Green Revolution. We analyse the Rwandan Crop Intensification Programme (CIP) as a case study of the application of the African Green Revolution model. The paper is based on research at the macro, meso and micro levels. We argue that the CIP fails to draw lessons from previous Green Revolution experiences in terms of its effects on social differentiation, on ecological sustainability, and on knowledge exchange and creation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 277-293
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1181053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1181053
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:277-293
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Beresford
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Beresford
Title: Editorial Notice
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 294-294
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1200242
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1200242
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:294-294
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Scully
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Scully
Title: From the shop floor to the kitchen table: the shifting centre of precarious workers’ politics in South Africa
Abstract:
This article argues that, as wage work has become more precarious, the importance of the household in the livelihood strategies of precarious South African workers has increased. The shifting importance of the household in relation to the workplace in the economic lives of workers has implications for the political strategies that these workers adopt. The article draws on data from a national household survey combined with insights from the author's fieldwork across rural and urban sites in South Africa. It contributes to the growing literature on the politics of precarious work in the global South.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 295-311
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1085378
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085378
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:295-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryl McCurdy
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryl
Author-X-Name-Last: McCurdy
Author-Name: Pamela Kaduri
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaduri
Title: The political economy of heroin and crack cocaine in Tanzania
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 312-319
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1170678
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1170678
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:312-319
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Darch
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Darch
Title: Separatist tensions and violence in the ‘model post-conflict state’: Mozambique since the 1990s
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 320-327
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1084915
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084915
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:320-327
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: Exodus: immigration and multiculturalism in the 21st century
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 328-336
Issue: 148
Volume: 43
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2016.1168965
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2016.1168965
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:148:p:328-336
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704608
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704608
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A B Zack‐Williams
Author-X-Name-First: A B
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack‐Williams
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: Editorial: Africa, the African diaspora & development
Journal:
Pages: 205-210
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704609
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704609
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:205-210
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Author-Name: A B Zack‐Williams
Author-X-Name-First: A B
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack‐Williams
Title: Globalisation from below: conceptualising the role of the African diasporas in africa's development
Abstract: In the past both African Studies and Development Studies have ignored questions of the African Diaspora. This point was made by Zack‐Williams back in 1995 but since then there has not been much work attempting to rectify this matter. In this article we put forward a framework for examining the role of diaspora in development. This centres on recognising that the formation of the African Diaspora has been intimately linked to the evolution of a globalised and racialised capitalism. While the linkages between capitalism, imperialism and displacement are dynamic we should avoid a simplistic determinism that sees the movements of African people as some inevitable response to the mechanisms of broader structures. The complexity of displacement is such that human agency plays an essential role and avoids the unhelpful conclusion of seeing Africans as victims. It is this interplay of structural forces and human agency that gives diasporas their shifting, convoluted and overlapping geometry. Having established that we examine the implications of a diasporic perspective for understanding the development potential of both Africans in diaspora and those who remain on the continent. We argue that both politically and economically the diaspora has an important part to play in contemporary social processes operating at an increasingly global scale. The key issues we address are embedded social networks in the diaspora, remittances and return, development organisations, religious networks, cultural dynamics, and political institutions. We conclude by suggesting where diasporic concerns will take us in the next few years.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 211-236
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704610
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:211-236
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hakim Adi
Author-X-Name-First: Hakim
Author-X-Name-Last: Adi
Title: The African diaspora, ‘development’ & modern African political theory
Abstract: Those concerned with the study of African political economy and ‘development’ in Africa have often neglected those ideas that emerged from the African diaspora, while those who study the African diaspora have often been more concerned with issues of ‘identity’ than with the political future of Africa. This article argues that for those who are concerned to study anti‐colonialism, it is difficult to separate the history of Africa and the African diaspora during the colonial period in the early 20thcentury. Many key anti‐colonial ideas were developed as much in the diaspora and in the capital cities of Europe, as they were within the African continent. Ideologies such as Pan‐Africanism, which developed within the diaspora in general, and Britain in particular, drew from the same 19thcentury sources that imposed eurocentric notions on the ideology of African nationalism. However, such ideologies, as developed by activists from the diaspora, created the basis for alternative strategies not only for the anti‐colonial struggle but also for a modern African political theory, a necessary requirement for people‐centred development in post‐colonial African states.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 237-251
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704611
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704611
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:237-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shubi Ishemo
Author-X-Name-First: Shubi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishemo
Title: From Africa to Cuba: an historical analysis of the )
Abstract: The historical relations between Africa and Cuba run deep. Cuba significantly contributed to the African national liberation struggle and Africa contributed towards the development of Cuban identity and culture. This article is concerned with the latter aspect. African elements in the development of Cuban culture have historically been manifested in the development of Cuban religions, in particular the Congolese and Bantu derived Regla Conga (Palo Monte), the Yoruba derived Regla Ocha (Santeria), the Benin derived Regla Arara and Vodoo, and the Sociedad Secreta Abakua whose origins are Old Calabar and southwestern Cameroon. These religions were syncretised with Christian symbols to produce Cuban national identity. I will dwell on the Sociedad Secreta Abakua which has historically consisted of male only mutual associations. The society is the only one of its kind in the Americas and is located in the cities of Havana, Matanzas, and Cardenas. I will examine the historiography on the origins of the society and offer a political economy approach which dwells on the development of the social formation of the societies of Old Calabar and the emergence of the male only Ekpe and Ngbe or Leopard Societies whose functions were those of a state apparatus which provided religious and ideological legitimacy for an emerging merchant class in the eighteenth and the second half of the nineteenth centuries. Membership of the Ekpe and Ngbe was not only restricted to the dominant lineages but also included freemen and slaves. Most of the historiography consider the two secret societies as the origin of the Sociedad Secreta Abakua. It will be suggested that its origins may also lie in the Nka lyip (Association of Blood Men) whose membership was mainly slaves in Old Calabar. The origins of the Blood Men may have been much earlier, possibly in the eighteenth century. The Abakua Secret Society may also have emerged much earlier than 1836 and possibly in the late eighteenth century. The next level will dwell on its development as a contested Cuban institution based in the port cities of Havana, Matanzas and Cardenas. Based in poor neighbourhoods, its members became a source of labour on the wharves, in warehouses for over 100 years. Its membership underwent transformation from black only to mixed white and black and later Chinese ex‐indentured labour. It became transculturised, drawing its religious pantheons and rituals from Old Calabar, Yoruba and Bantu elements, as well as Roman Catholic symbols. In the colonial and neo‐colonial periods the Abakua were demonised and persecuted. Through the contract system of labour, its members were manipulated and exploited by unscrupulous intermediaries. Some of these intermediaries held leadership positions or plazas in its ranks. But its secret character was politically positive as its fearless, valiant male members actively participated in the struggles against slavery, against Spanish colonialism, labour unions, and the defeat of United States aggression against the young Cuban revolution in 1961.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 253-272
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704612
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:253-272
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Reynolds
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Reynolds
Title: An African brain drain: Igbo decisions to immigrate to the US
Abstract: This article outlines the conditions under which a particular group of professional Nigerians has made the decision to immigrate to the United States and how, once abroad, they have established a continuum for immigration from the home area. The paper has been generated from f ieldwork and interviews among Igbo people in the Chicago area, conducted between 1997 and 2000. The article explains the educational, cultural and economic conditions under which Igbo immigration to the US in the late 1970s and early 1980s were undertaken — the time during which members of the immigrant network came to the US. My work here constitutes an effort to define the way that a particular group of immigrants to Chicago came to develop and how they now utilise an immigrant social network. My preliminary question here: how did the Nigerians in my social network make the decision to immigrate to the States? Although there are several factors that affect this decision, for my study, I focus most closely on two interrelated factors: education and cultural specific institutions like household economic decision making patterns. Those factors were chosen because among Igbo middle‐class people of this generation, the need for educational opportunities and a tradition of emigration appears to be the necessary conditions to make an Igbo person decide to immigrate, while economic factors like reduced economic opportunities in Nigeria or lower pay were merely sufficient conditions. The qualitative data presented here is intended to give new shape to research questions that will further develop our understanding of how the socio‐economics of schooling and educational opportunities in Africa and the US come together to reinforce the brain‐drain process in which promising young professionals leave Africa for industrialised regions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 273-284
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704613
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:273-284
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diane Frost
Author-X-Name-First: Diane
Author-X-Name-Last: Frost
Title: Diasporan West African communities: the Kru in freetown & liverpool
Abstract: This article will examine the experience of two transplanted communities of West African kru migrants. Originally from Liberia, these labour migrants became involved in both internal African migration as well as external migration to Europe. It will distinguish the cause and mechanism of migration within the broader development of British colonial activity in West Africa. Freetown and Liverpool will be examined in the context of these broader developments since they became two important centres in Kru diasporic settlement. Economic opportunities became the raison d'etre for Kru migration and this manifest itself in terms of short‐term transient migration to the permanent establishment of thriving diasporic communities. Socio‐political and historical conditions provided the broader parameters within which these peoples became ‘scattered’ across the globe over the last two hundred years or more. The historical and economic connections between the two ports of Liverpool and Freetown, and the role of the Kru in British maritime trade here influenced patterns of settlement and the nature of community organisation and development. The article will examine current theories to the study of diasporan communities and will draw on ethnographic research undertaken in Freetown and Liverpool.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 285-300
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704614
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704614
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:285-300
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ola Uduku
Author-X-Name-First: Ola
Author-X-Name-Last: Uduku
Title: The socio‐economic basis of a diaspora community:
Abstract: In this article the author discusses the history and actions of the Igbo community, primarily via their ‘home town unions or associations’ and more recently through the activities in the diaspora of the World Igbo Congress (WIC), both to establish their presence in their adopted countries throughout the world but also, and more importantly, to maintain links with ‘home town’ communities. This takes place especially via large and small‐scale economic ventures, including capital construction projects, local investments, and occasionally local recruitment for the international market, from ‘home towns’ (often small villages) in Eastern Nigeria. The first part of the paper discusses the socio‐economic activities that Igbo ‘home town unions’ are involved in, the second discusses the historical background to these unions, the third analyses their success and what future contributions such groups might have in a rapidly ‘globalising’ world economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 301-311
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704615
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704615
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:301-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Greg Cameron
Author-X-Name-First: Greg
Author-X-Name-Last: Cameron
Title: Zanzibar's turbulent transition
Abstract: On 29 October 2000, 10 million voters in 231 constituencies cast their votes for 13 political parties throughout Tanzania. The election on the Tanzanian mainland was predictably won by the ruling CCM (Party of the Revolution) against a divided and weak opposition. In Zanzibar, on the other hand, the CCM faced a fierce challenge from the CUF (Civic United Front) as approximately 450,000 people voted in 50 constituencies for the Union and Zanzibar Presidents, and candidates for the Union and Zanzibar Legislatures. The elections on Zanzibar were grossly mismanaged and deepened the growing political crisis in the United Republic of Tanzania. And indeed, on 27 January 2001, throughout the major cities of Tanzania, there were mass protests against the electoral coup on Zanzibar. The police killed between 30 and 70 people and wounded upwards of 600 people. Thousands fled to the mainland and more than 2,000 Zanzibaris, mainly Pembans, fled to Kenya as refugees (Human Rights Watch, April 2002).
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 313-330
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704616
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704616
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:313-330
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Habib
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Habib
Author-Name: Lubna Nadvi
Author-X-Name-First: Lubna
Author-X-Name-Last: Nadvi
Title: Party disintegrations & re‐alignments in post‐apartheid South Africa
Journal:
Pages: 331-338
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704617
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704617
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:331-338
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giles Mohan
Author-X-Name-First: Giles
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan
Title: A window on Africa: an interview with adotey bing, director of the Africa centre, London
Abstract: The Africa Centre has long been a focus for political and cultural activities coming out of the continent. Originally established by the diplomatic missions of newly independent African states, its remit was to provide a forum for Africans in London, particularly students, as well as giving a voice to various political positions that were not being widely aired. Since then the fortunes of the Africa Centre have waxed and waned as the economic and political welfare of its original constituents has declined. It continues under the directorship of Dr. Adotey Bing who took over in 1995. Among his current concerns are focusing the mission of The Centre and securing long term funding which will permit some forward planning for the first time in its history. On 8 October 2001 Giles Mohan (GM) of the ROAPE editorial working group interviewed Adotey Bing (AB).
Journal:
Pages: 339-345
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704618
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704618
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:339-345
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip White
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: The eritrea‐ethiopia border arbitration
Journal:
Pages: 345-356
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704619
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704619
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:345-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Xeedho dumar wadaag aleel lagu xadhkeeyay (Shells on a woven cord)
Journal:
Pages: 356-357
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704620
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704620
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:356-357
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fionn Meade
Author-X-Name-First: Fionn
Author-X-Name-Last: Meade
Title: The lost boys of Sudan
Journal:
Pages: 358-362
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704621
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:358-362
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Globalization & academic ethics
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 362-364
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704622
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:362-364
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Craig
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Craig
Title: Twilight on the Zambian copperbelt?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 364-368
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704623
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704623
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:364-368
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vladimir Shubin
Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir
Author-X-Name-Last: Shubin
Title: Book review
Abstract: Globalization and Emerging Trends in African States’ Foreign Policy‐making Process: A Comparative Perspective of Southern Africaby Kowra Gombe Adar & Rok Ajulu (eds.), Aldershot: Ashgate 2002, 357pp. ISBN 0 7546 1822 6.
Journal:
Pages: 369-371
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704624
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704624
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:369-371
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Love
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Love
Title: Book notes
Abstract: Van de Walle, Nicolas,African Economies and the Politics of Permanent Crisis, 1979–1999,Cambridge University Press 2001. Zack‐Williams, T, D Frost & A Thomson(eds.), Africa in Crisis: New Challenges and Possibilities,Pluto Press, London 2002 Cumming, G,Aid to Africa: French and British Policies from the Cold War to the New Millenium,Ashgate 2001. Saugestad, Sidsel,The Inconvenient Indigenous: Remote Area Development in Botswana, Donor Assistance, and the First People of the Kalahari,Nordic Afrika Institute, Uppsala, 2001. Lester, A, E Nel, T Binns,South Africa, Past, Present and Future: Gold at the End of the Rainbow?,Prentice Hall 2000. Nagel, S S(ed.), Handbook of Global Political Policy,Marcel Dekker, 2000.
Journal:
Pages: 371-374
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704625
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704625
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:371-374
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 374-374
Issue: 92
Volume: 29
Year: 2002
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240208704626
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240208704626
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:29:y:2002:i:92:p:374-374
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial working group
Journal:
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704483
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Baylies
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Baylies
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: Editorial: special issue on AIDS
Journal:
Pages: 483-486
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704484
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704484
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:483-486
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Baylies
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Baylies
Title: Overview: HIV/AIDS in Africa: global & local inequalities & responsibilities
Abstract: This issue of the Review is devoted to an examination of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa, an emergency which compromises the future of so many on the continent, yet is persistently underplayed. The depth of need it has generated has scarcely been measured and not even begun to be met. Although increasingly acknowledged to be grounded in social behaviour and systemic inequalities, HIV/AIDS is still treated predominantly as a health problem. At the same time, far more attention continues to be paid to the (admittedly crucial) issues of prevention and care than to the economic and social impact of AIDS and the ways it can be addressed and mitigated. This introduction to the issue expands upon general points made in the editorial and reviews some of these issues by exploring two aspects of the multi‐layered context of the AIDS epidemic: The question of what African governments should and can do in the face of AIDS, and The viability and potential of the International Partnership on AIDS in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 487-500
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704485
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:487-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gill Seidel
Author-X-Name-First: Gill
Author-X-Name-Last: Seidel
Title: Reconceptualising issues around HIV & breastfeeding advice: findings from KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa
Abstract: This article is concerned with the dynamics between health care workers and pregnant women, and advice given to women about mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT) through breastfeeding in KwaZulu‐Natal (KZN). Using ethnographic methods, it explores issues relating to HIV and infant feeding in settings where a period of breastfeeding is expected. The anti‐baby milk action of the 1970s remains an important point of reference, which has profoundly shaped attitudes towards breastfeeding as ‘the culture of health’. For many health professionals in KZN, the breastfeeding lobby, on which the authority of many nurses depends, and its successes, are now perceived to be undermined by AIDS and the ‘AIDS camp’. International data that point to the risks attached to any period of breastfeeding have provoked a range of reactions among health workers in KZN, from suspicion attached to information ‘from outside’, to confusion and outright disbelief. An integral part of this study is the pattern of power relations that pertain between health workers and their patients, and the values they may seek to sustain. Many nurses hold negative attitudes about young, pregnant and largely unmarried mothers, and HIV/AIDS is an additional stigma. Nurses’ professional socialisation, influencing how they construct gender, women with HIV, and ‘motherhood’, has an important bearing on how they interact with vulnerable young women, and on the information and advice they make available to them. These patterns will also shape the ways in which they engage with the new South African and UNAIDS policy guidelines, which emphasise a woman's right to make an informed decision on infant feeding, in what is a rights’ culture. These representations, investments, and practices, are also shaped by earlier identity processes, and are shot through with images of gender, class and ethnicity. How to advise and counsel HIV+ women on how best to feed their babies raises some of the most complex and hotly debated issues in health care ethics today. It is imperative that these issues, including the ideologies and discourses that may accompany changes in breastfeeding practices, and the values they underwrite, be explored from new angles, underpinned by social theory.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 501-518
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704486
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704486
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:501-518
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fantu Cheru
Author-X-Name-First: Fantu
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheru
Title: Debt relief & social investment: linking the HIPC initiative to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa: the case of Zambia
Abstract: Besides being a global public health emergency, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has become the foremost contemporary threat to the development of many African countries. Past achievements in economic growth, improved life expectancy and decreasing child mortality have been reversed by the rapid spread of the HIV virus. It is estimated that each day in Africa more than 5,000 people die from AIDS or HIV related illness, with the figure expected to climb to almost 13,000 by 2005. In the context of this unfolding humanitarian crisis, creditor nations and institutions should cancel outstanding debt immediately so that resources of affected countries can be directed toward containment of the epidemic, within broader strategies of poverty alleviation. Addressing this crisis should not be construed as an act of charity, but an obligation ‐ and a necessity. Linking debt relief to HIV/AIDS is one small but important step in the long march to eradicate poverty in the poorest developing countries. This article examines a proposal formulated in Zambia to enact such a link.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 519-535
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:519-535
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriel Rugalema
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rugalema
Title: Coping or struggling? a journey into the impact of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa
Abstract: Analysis of the effects of AIDS‐induced morbidity and mortality on rural livelihoods, particularly in east and southern Africa, has gathered pace in the last two decades. An understanding of the interaction between ill health and rural livelihoods is essential both at policy and theoretical levels. However, the tendency to analyse many of the effects of the AIDS epidemic under the rubric of coping strategies needs critical appraisal. In this article the question is posed as a basis for exploring whether the concept of ‘coping strategies’ is capable of explaining reality on the ground or has merely become a convenient escape route for academics and policy‐makers. It is argued that in areas hard hit by AIDS, the concept of coping strategies is of limited value in explaining household experience and may divert policymakers from the enormity of the emergency.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 537-545
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704488
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704488
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:537-545
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Soori Nnko
Author-X-Name-First: Soori
Author-X-Name-Last: Nnko
Author-Name: Betty Chiduo
Author-X-Name-First: Betty
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiduo
Author-Name: Flora Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Flora
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Wences Msuya
Author-X-Name-First: Wences
Author-X-Name-Last: Msuya
Author-Name: Gabriel Mwaluko
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Mwaluko
Title: Tanzania: AIDS care – learning from experience
Abstract: Given heterosexual transmission and mother to child transmission, AIDS often strikes more than once within the same family. This is debilitating but can also be a learning experience for carers whose knowledge might then be a resource for the community. This article describes a pilot study into the experience of 21 main care providers in families with chronically ill people suffering mainly from AIDS, each one having cared for and supported more than one patient. During the study 46 out of 51 patients who were cared by these 21 care providers had already died. Respondents provided information on care and support given to the first patient and how much they were prepared and experienced at giving quality care to the next patient. This study provides data from in‐depth interviews conducted between April and June 1999 in a suburb of Mwanza, a city in northwestern Tanzania.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 547-557
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704489
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:547-557
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Bracking
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Bracking
Title: The uncertain future of bilateralism or, ‘it takes two fingers to kill a louse’
Abstract: Economic and political accounts of events often exist as distinct texts which can obscure the political economy of the subject under discussion. In the analysis of bilateral relations this is particularly evident in the new orthodoxy which takes as given that there is a necessary accommodation which must be made with the requirements of ‘modern’ globalisation to ensure international competitiveness. This has caused many economic policy issues to be regarded as a closed box, as a given, not open to discussion. Debates about them have disappeared from view. As a consequence, it is possible for bilateral development finance organisations to maintain a political and, more importantly, moral agenda of poverty reduction, human rights, good governance and a crusade against corruption without questions of political economy or the more specifically economic relationships between states impinging on considerations of the ‘donor’ state's behaviour. This article argues that the radical agenda of Britain's Department for International Development (DfID) and the political interventions of international NGOs are often undermined in practice (whatever their good intentions) by bilateral economic and trade relations which are in desperate need of regulation and reform. If there were some concept of international solidarity and true co‐operation, it might be possible to shape the reforms required. Instead, international fora ‐ generally characterised by a democratic deficit themselves ‐ become immersed in a quagmire of hypothetical, even arbitrary, ‘good practice’ codes while developing a blindspot concerning the underlying inequities of bilateral economic relations between North and South.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 559-575
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704490
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:559-575
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guy Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Guy
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Political will, political economy & the AIDS industry in Zambia
Abstract: This brief article outlines an approach to analysing the effectiveness of public health interventions in the third world, specifically in regard to HIV/AIDS. Its purpose is not to be the definitive last word but to float certain ideas consistent with the precepts of political economy, with a view to inviting criticism, commentary and contributions to future publications.
Journal:
Pages: 577-582
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704491
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:577-582
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Gray
Author-X-Name-First: Andy
Author-X-Name-Last: Gray
Author-Name: Jenni Smit
Author-X-Name-First: Jenni
Author-X-Name-Last: Smit
Title: Improving access to HIV‐related drugs in South Africa: a case of colliding interests
Journal:
Pages: 583-590
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704492
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:583-590
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Statement of concern on women & HIV/AIDS
Abstract: The following ‘Statement of Concern on Women and HIV/AIDS’ was issued to coincide with the XIIIth International AIDS Conference held in Durban, South Africa, in July 2000. We are reprinting it here with the permission of Agenda, a feminist journal initially established in 1987 by a small group of students and academics from the University of Natal. Agenda is committed to providing a forum for women in the interests of transforming unequal gender relations in South Africa. Among its objectives are to question and challenge the understanding of gender relations and to contribute to women's capacity to organise, reflect on their experiences and write about them.
Journal:
Pages: 590-593
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704493
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:590-593
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Joe
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Violence in Mozambique: in whose interests?
Journal:
Pages: 593-597
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704494
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:593-597
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: The murder of Carlos Cardoso: report & obituary
Abstract: Carlos Cardoso, editor of the independent Maputo paper, Metical, was murdered in Maputo on Wednesday 22 November 2000. His funeral was held on Friday 24 November in Maputo. A fearless campaigner for freedom and a lifelong socialist who committed his life to the African revolution and the struggle against imperialism, Cardoso was gunned down in what appears to have been a planned and professional assassination. Here we reproduce two items published by AIM, the Mozambique news agency. The first is a report published the day after the killing. The second is an edited obituary and appreciation written by Paul Fauvet as a tribute to our fallen comrade.
Journal:
Pages: 597-598
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704495
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704495
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:597-598
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Fauvet
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Fauvet
Title: Carlos Cardoso: an appreciation
Journal:
Pages: 598-600
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704496
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:598-600
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Books received
Journal:
Pages: 600-602
Issue: 86
Volume: 27
Year: 2000
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704497
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056240008704497
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:27:y:2000:i:86:p:600-602
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Okorie Albert
Author-X-Name-First: Okorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Albert
Title: The dominance of foreign capital and its impact on indigenous technology development in the production of liquefied natural gas in Nigeria
Abstract:
The briefing argues that the Nigerian economy is foreign capital driven and that the rentier character of the state has facilitated dominance of foreign capital in the gas sector. Furthermore, that the control of the sector and consequent reliance on foreign technology have distorted and stagnated local initiatives toward development of indigenous technology in the production of liquefied natural gas.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 478-490
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2017.1372279
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2017.1372279
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:478-490
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michela Marcatelli
Author-X-Name-First: Michela
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcatelli
Title: The land–water nexus: a critical perspective from South Africa
Abstract:
This article identifies a ‘land–water nexus’ in South Africa, whereby access to water is dependent upon access to land and therefore property relations. It argues that the post-apartheid water reform has strengthened the land–water nexus by causing an overlap of property regimes in water to the benefit of white commercial farmers and by favouring the use of water for accumulation purposes. The case study of the Waterberg is employed to illustrate three specific ways in which the nexus currently manifests, namely water commodification; the tightening of private control over water in private nature conservation; and water access via labour relations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 393-407
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1451318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1451318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:393-407
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Carl LeVan
Author-X-Name-First: A. Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: LeVan
Author-Name: Matthew T. Page
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Page
Author-Name: Yoonbin Ha
Author-X-Name-First: Yoonbin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ha
Title: From terrorism to talakawa: explaining party turnover in Nigeria's 2015 elections
Abstract:
What explains the 2015 defeat of Nigeria's ruling party by a new party less than two years old? Despite a spike in terrorism and widespread public complaints about government waste, the authors find that neither violence nor patronage systematically explains voting patterns. Instead, statistical evidence points to state-level economic performance and perceptions of national economy. Using surveys, original variables measuring economic performance and – for the first time – presidential election results at the local government level, the authors demonstrate that ‘economic voting’ helped the opposition. They attribute opposition success to a ‘talakawa effect’ rooted in a class-based coalition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 432-450
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1456415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1456415
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:432-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Southall
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Southall
Title: (Middle-) Class analysis in Africa: does it work?
Abstract:
Recent interest in the growth of middle classes in Africa (and elsewhere) has been characterised by immense theoretical diversity. While this diversity indicates the complexity (and limitations) of class analysis, it remains important for the latter to be guided by the classic concerns around power, wealth and inequality which characterise radical debate.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 467-477
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1482826
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1482826
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:467-477
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mondli Hlatshwayo
Author-X-Name-First: Mondli
Author-X-Name-Last: Hlatshwayo
Title: The new struggles of precarious workers in South Africa: nascent organisational responses of community health workers
Abstract:
Based on in-depth interviews largely with women working as community health workers (CHWs) and documents, the article shines the spotlight on CHWs, who remain a blind spot in the literature on South African labour studies. Abandoned by mainstream unions and often ignored by labour scholars, the article reveals that CHW workers are crafting their own nascent organisational responses as women and as precarious workers to their conditions. New organisational responses led by women who carry most of the social and economic burden are beginning to contest their conditions of precariousness by using tools such as strikes.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 378-392
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1483907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1483907
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:378-392
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tefera Negash Gebregziabher
Author-X-Name-First: Tefera Negash
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebregziabher
Author-Name: Wil Hout
Author-X-Name-First: Wil
Author-X-Name-Last: Hout
Title: The rise of oligarchy in Ethiopia: the case of wealth creation since 1991
Abstract:
This article focuses on the political economy of Ethiopia since the ruling party EPRDF came to power in 1991 and argues that the country has seen the rise of oligarchy during this period. The party claims that its development strategy has reduced poverty, but it is evident that the country’s inequality has been growing in the past decade. The briefing identifies the mechanisms of oligarchisation, most notably privatisation, land expropriation, phoney shareholding and corruption. The conclusion is that Ethiopia’s growing inequality is related to the process of oligarchy formation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 501-510
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1484351
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1484351
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:501-510
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: An Ansoms
Author-X-Name-First: An
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansoms
Author-Name: Giuseppe Cioffo
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Cioffo
Author-Name: Neil Dawson
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Dawson
Author-Name: Sam Desiere
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: Desiere
Author-Name: Chris Huggins
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins
Author-Name: Margot Leegwater
Author-X-Name-First: Margot
Author-X-Name-Last: Leegwater
Author-Name: Jude Murison
Author-X-Name-First: Jude
Author-X-Name-Last: Murison
Author-Name: Aymar Nyenyezi Bisoka
Author-X-Name-First: Aymar
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyenyezi Bisoka
Author-Name: Johanna Treidl
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Treidl
Author-Name: Julie Van Damme
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Damme
Title: The Rwandan agrarian and land sector modernisation: confronting macro performance with lived experiences on the ground
Abstract:
Rwanda has embarked on an ambitious policy package to modernise and professionalise the agrarian and land sector. Its reform fits into a broader call – supported by major international donors – to implement a Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa. After 10 years of implementation, there is increased production output and value-addition in commercialised commodity chains. These are promising results. However, poverty reduction, particularly in more recent years, seems limited. Moreover, micro-level evidence from the field calls into question the long-term sustainability of the agricultural and land sector reform. In this article, a group of researchers, having engaged in in-depth qualitative research in a variety of settings and over an extended period, bring together their main research results and combine their key findings to challenge the dominant discourse on Rwanda as a model for development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 408-431
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1497590
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1497590
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:408-431
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leon Parker
Author-X-Name-First: Leon
Author-X-Name-Last: Parker
Author-Name: Elsje Fourie
Author-X-Name-First: Elsje
Author-X-Name-Last: Fourie
Title: Sino-Angolan agricultural cooperation: still not reaping rewards for the Angolan agricultural sector
Abstract:
This briefing examines the recent creation and downfall of seven Chinese-funded agro-industrial farms in Angola, and sees in the outcome of this initiative the latest demonstration of the difficulties in converting China’s and Angola’s resource-based relationship into a more economically sustainable and developmental partnership.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 491-500
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1500359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1500359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:491-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Kohnert
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohnert
Title: Trump's tariff impact on Africa and the ambiguous role of African agency
Abstract:
The current debate on Trump’s tariffs focuses on the big global players and competitors of the USA. Africa plays virtually no role in international scholarly perceptions of the impact of US protective tariffs on imported steel, aluminium and cars. Nevertheless, there are such effects and these are more than peanuts, as will be shown in this Briefing.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 451-466
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1500362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1500362
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:451-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Quest
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Quest
Title: Dedan Kimathi on trial: colonial justice and popular memory in Kenya’s Mau Mau rebellion / Living with Nkrumahism: nation, state, and pan-Africanism in Ghana
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 511-513
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1531993
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1531993
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:511-513
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: In tribute to our comrade Samir Amin, 1931–2018
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 365-377
Issue: 157
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1533628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1533628
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:157:p:365-377
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Melber
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Melber
Title: Populism in Southern Africa under liberation movements as governments
Abstract:
Anti-colonial movements secured political power as governments in countries of Southern Africa. Populist discourses, which reinforce the patriotic history and heroic narratives of a ‘big men’ syndrome, are part of their political culture retaining continued legitimacy, not least in South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe, where national sovereignty was the result of a negotiated transfer of political power. This briefing presents a critical assessment of such populism as an integral part of the repertoire of former liberation movements as governments.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 678-686
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1500360
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1500360
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:678-686
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Téwodros W. Workneh
Author-X-Name-First: Téwodros W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Workneh
Title: State monopoly of telecommunications in Ethiopia: origins, debates, and the way forward
Abstract:
A rare breed in the era of deregulation, Ethiopia’s state-controlled telecommunications sector has been a source of intense debate involving domestic and international stakeholders. Based on analysis of interviews, this essay explores the Ethiopian state’s rationales for state monopoly of telecommunications within a developmental-neopatrimonial state framework. Despite external and internal pressures to deregulate the sector, EPRDF considers state control of telecommunications as a model that fosters universal access/service and generates considerable revenue. Notwithstanding the Ethiopian government’s historically unwavering position, the article concludes by making a case for public-private partnership as a sustainable model for telecommunication operation in Ethiopia.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 592-608
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1531390
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1531390
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:592-608
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Inge Tvedten
Author-X-Name-First: Inge
Author-X-Name-Last: Tvedten
Author-Name: Rachi Picardo
Author-X-Name-First: Rachi
Author-X-Name-Last: Picardo
Title: ‘Goats eat where they are tied up’: illicit and habitual corruption in Mozambique
Abstract:
The article shows that corruption is structural and omnipresent in Mozambican society, effectively legitimising corrupt practices at all levels. Using an anthropological approach, it argues that small-scale corruption has the most immediate effects for the urban and rural poor and is so common that it has become an integrated part of daily life, or ‘habitual’. While most of the poor relate to corruption through tacit acceptance and acts of compliance, its practical implications are most severe for the very poorest, who cannot afford to take part in corrupt exchanges and are excluded from vital social relationships and social services.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 541-557
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1546686
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1546686
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:541-557
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oluwatoyin O. Oluwaniyi
Author-X-Name-First: Oluwatoyin O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Oluwaniyi
Title: RETRACTED ARTICLE: The role of multinational oil corporations (MNOCs) in Nigeria: more exploitation equals less development of oil-rich Niger Delta region
Abstract:
We, the Editors and Publisher of Review of African Political Economy, have retracted the following article:Oluwaniyi, Oluwatoyin O. 2018. “The Role of Multinational Oil Corporations (MNOCs) in Nigeria: More Exploitation Equals Less Development of Oil-rich Niger Delta Region.” Review of African Political Economy 45 (158): 558-573. doi:10.1080/03056244.2018.1546687.The above-named Review of African Political Economy article has been retracted and should not be cited. Following publication of the above article in print and online, it has been determined that the paper has been previously published elsewhere.The Editors together with the publishers of the journal, Taylor & Francis, note that we received, peer-reviewed, accepted, and published the article on the basis of warranties made by the author regarding its originality and provenance.We have been informed in our decision-making by our publishing ethics and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on retractions.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 558-573
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1546687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1546687
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:558-573
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heba Khalil
Author-X-Name-First: Heba
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalil
Author-Name: Brian Dill
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Dill
Title: Negotiating statist neoliberalism: the political economy of post-revolution Egypt
Abstract:
This article explores the reproduction of Egypt’s post-revolutionary political economy under the military regime. Through an examination of tax and fiscal policy, the authors argue that a strategic wedding of seemingly contradictory state types allows the current regime to create a hybrid they call ‘statist neoliberalism’. The article argues that this hybrid form is not accidental, but is an intentional project that allows the state to sustain neoliberal reforms, whilst maintaining its long-standing control over society and the economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 574-591
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1547187
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1547187
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:574-591
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raphael Frankfurter
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael
Author-X-Name-Last: Frankfurter
Author-Name: Mara Kardas-Nelson
Author-X-Name-First: Mara
Author-X-Name-Last: Kardas-Nelson
Author-Name: Adia Benton
Author-X-Name-First: Adia
Author-X-Name-Last: Benton
Author-Name: Mohamed Bailor Barrie
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Bailor
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrie
Author-Name: Yusupha Dibba
Author-X-Name-First: Yusupha
Author-X-Name-Last: Dibba
Author-Name: Paul Farmer
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Farmer
Author-Name: Eugene T. Richardson
Author-X-Name-First: Eugene T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson
Title: Indirect rule redux: the political economy of diamond mining and its relation to the Ebola outbreak in Kono District, Sierra Leone
Abstract:
This article explores the relationship between the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak and the political economy of diamond mining in Kono District, Sierra Leone. The authors argue that foreign companies have recycled colonial strategies of indirect rule to facilitate the illicit flow of resources out of Sierra Leone. Drawing on field research conducted during the outbreak and in its aftermath, they show how this ‘indirect rule redux’ undermines democratic governance and the development of revenue-generation institutions. Finally, they consider the linkages between indirect rule and the Ebola outbreak, vis-à-vis the consequences of the region’s intentionally underdeveloped health care infrastructure and the scaffolding of outbreak containment onto the paramount chieftaincy system.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 522-540
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1547188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1547188
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:522-540
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Habtom Yohannes
Author-X-Name-First: Habtom
Author-X-Name-Last: Yohannes
Title: The Horn of Africa: state formation and decay
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 687-691
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1589690
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1589690
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:687-691
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: The state and accumulation in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 515-521
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1591076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1591076
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:515-521
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Jacqueline Mgumia
Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline
Author-X-Name-Last: Mgumia
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Issa Shivji
Author-X-Name-First: Issa
Author-X-Name-Last: Shivji
Author-Name: Matt Swagler
Author-X-Name-First: Matt
Author-X-Name-Last: Swagler
Author-Name: Arndt Hopfmann
Author-X-Name-First: Arndt
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopfmann
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Author-Name: Amber Murrey
Author-X-Name-First: Amber
Author-X-Name-Last: Murrey
Author-Name: Gacheke Gachihi
Author-X-Name-First: Gacheke
Author-X-Name-Last: Gachihi
Author-Name: Sabatho Nyamsenda
Author-X-Name-First: Sabatho
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyamsenda
Author-Name: Chambi Chachage
Author-X-Name-First: Chambi
Author-X-Name-Last: Chachage
Author-Name: Marjorie Mbilinyi
Author-X-Name-First: Marjorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbilinyi
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Jacqueline Mgumia
Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline
Author-X-Name-Last: Mgumia
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Issa G. Shivji
Author-X-Name-First: Issa G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shivji
Author-Name: Matt Swagler
Author-X-Name-First: Matt
Author-X-Name-Last: Swagler
Author-Name: Arndt Hopfmann
Author-X-Name-First: Arndt
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopfmann
Author-Name: Tunde Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Tunde
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Author-Name: Amber Murrey
Author-X-Name-First: Amber
Author-X-Name-Last: Murrey
Author-Name: Gacheke Gachihi
Author-X-Name-First: Gacheke
Author-X-Name-Last: Gachihi
Author-Name: Sabatho Nyamsenda
Author-X-Name-First: Sabatho
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyamsenda
Author-Name: Chambi Chachage
Author-X-Name-First: Chambi
Author-X-Name-Last: Chachage
Author-Name: Marjorie Mbilinyi
Author-X-Name-First: Marjorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbilinyi
Title: Connections 2: Roape Workshop in Dar es Salaam, 16–17 April 2018
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 609-677
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1598052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1598052
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:609-677
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 692-696
Issue: 158
Volume: 45
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1601859
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1601859
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:45:y:2018:i:158:p:692-696
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Divisive democracy and popular struggle in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-6
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1015251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1015251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:1-6
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Webb
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Webb
Title: Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950
Abstract:
While celebrated for her anti-apartheid activism, Ruth First's early journalism has received limited attention by scholars. The result has been an incomplete understanding of her political and intellectual development. Drawing from First's scrapbooks, this article examines some of the themes that preoccupied her from 1947–1950 while situating her work within the broader political context. Her journalism played a crucial role in chronicling resistance to segregationist policies in the pre-apartheid period and the role of cheap labour in capitalist development. Many of the themes that dominated her work on labour and development in Mozambique can be glimpsed in these scrapbooks.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 7-21
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988697
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988697
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:7-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allison Drew
Author-X-Name-First: Allison
Author-X-Name-Last: Drew
Title: Visions of liberation: the Algerian war of independence and its South African reverberations
Abstract:
The launch of South Africa's armed struggle has been portrayed as the action of urban-based South African Communist Party (SACP) and African National Congress (ANC) members; scholarly debates concern the relative importance of the SACP, ANC and the Soviet Union. Yet the Left was fluid and eclectic during this transitional period. Seeking new approaches and methods to address the rapidly evolving political environment, left-wing activists drew on political and personal contacts to build new underground networks. Their arguments came not from the Soviets but from the experiences of guerrilla struggles, such as Algeria's war of independence. They sought, unsuccessfully, to integrate insights from Algeria into their strategies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 22-43
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.1000288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.1000288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:22-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seema Shah
Author-X-Name-First: Seema
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah
Title: Free and fair? Citizens’ assessments of the 2013 general election in Kenya
Abstract:
Kenya's peaceful 2013 election came as a relief to domestic and international observers, who feared a repeat of the brutal 2007––2008 post-election violence. Many observers conflated this relative peace with electoral credibility, but analysis of a post-election national opinion poll reveals a more complex picture. Most Kenyans did feel that the 2013 election was free and fair, but their conception of free and fair is rooted more in the historical context of the election than in technical electoral procedures. Personal experiences of irregularities at the level of polling stations do not play a statistically significant role in shaping voters’ opinions about electoral credibility. Instead, voters are more influenced by their ethnicities, their confidence in electoral institutions and by how highly they prioritised peace. These findings reveal the importance of local context and history in conceptions of electoral integrity on the ground.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 44-61
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.995162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.995162
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:44-61
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ebenezer Obadare
Author-X-Name-First: Ebenezer
Author-X-Name-Last: Obadare
Title: Sex, citizenship and the state in Nigeria: Islam, Christianity and emergent struggles over intimacy
Abstract:
In this article, the author uses the belligerence toward alternative sexualities in Nigeria as a point of departure for a critical appraisal of the terms of inclusion and exclusion in the country's body politic. This belligerence has thrown up a rare alliance of the state, religious leaders and the print media. Attributing this alliance to the postcolonial crisis over the functions of masculinisation and power, the author suggests that anti-gay resentment is a straw man for a ruling elite facing growing socio-economic pressure. This shunting-off of sexual ‘others’ from the terrain of public action has profound implications for the way modern Nigerian citizenship is understood.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 62-76
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988699
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:62-76
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuno Vidal
Author-X-Name-First: Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Vidal
Title: Angolan civil society activism since the 1990s: reformists, confrontationists and young revolutionaries of the ‘Arab spring generation’
Abstract:
Aiming for regime transformation, post-transition Angolan civil society activism moved from reformism and confrontationism to ultra-confrontationism. Reformism and confrontationism evolved until the 2008 elections, influenced by development thinking (neoliberalism/institutionalism vs neo-Marxism/world-system thinking), in two opposing strategies: ‘constructive engagement’ vs political defiance. The dispute ended with ultra-confrontationism gaining impetus with the Arab spring, with a younger generation resorting to new methods (information and communications technology and demonstrations). Despite the lack of funding or international links, the newer methods caused more concern to the regime. Nevertheless, they suffer from the same shortfalls as their predecessors: they are confined to an urban/suburban social segment, and unable to attract the majority of the population.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 77-91
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1015103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1015103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:77-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Different means of protest, same causes: popular struggles in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
The article examines the relationship of riots to more organised and sustained protests by trade unions and other established oppositional organisations. It focuses on protests related to the 2007–2008 food and fuel price crisis. In a case study on Burkina Faso, actors, means and achievements of the popular struggles are analysed. It is argued that protests by the trade unions on the one side and riots on the other relate to one another. Both present struggles by different segments of the popular classes that sometimes use different means but emerge from the same structural causes and address the same problem.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 92-106
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.996123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.996123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:92-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Paret
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Paret
Title: Violence and democracy in South Africa's community protests
Abstract:
Community protests in South Africa are often described as violent. Drawing from newspaper articles, interviews with protesters and statements by public officials, this paper unpacks the meaning of ‘violent protest'. It shows that violence is both ambiguous and deeply entangled with democracy. On the one hand, violent practices may become a tool of liberation, promoting democracy by empowering marginalised groups. On the other hand, democracy may become a tool of domination, undermining dissent by constituting as violent those persons and actions that deviate from formal institutional channels. The analysis urges scholars to adopt a critical and nuanced view of violence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-123
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.995163
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.995163
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:107-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Koenraad Bogaert
Author-X-Name-First: Koenraad
Author-X-Name-Last: Bogaert
Title: The revolt of small towns: the meaning of Morocco's history and the geography of social protests
Abstract:
Attempts to understand the wider context of the Arab uprisings in Morocco mainly focus on the dynamic created by the 20 February Movement, while the long history of increasing socio-economic struggle tends to be underestimated. This article argues that the political and democratic protests of the last two years and the history of socio-economic protests cannot be viewed as unrelated phenomena but must be understood as part of the same process. The account focuses on different disturbances, such as the riots in the phosphate mining region of Khouribga, to show the particular dynamic between civil democratic and socio-economic struggles.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 124-140
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.918536
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.918536
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:124-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Kohnert
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohnert
Title: Horse-trading on EU–African Economic Partnership Agreements
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 141-147
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988700
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:141-147
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lila Chouli
Author-X-Name-First: Lila
Author-X-Name-Last: Chouli
Title: L'insurrection populaire et la Transition au Burkina Faso
Abstract:
At the end of October 2014, Africa was again the scene of a popular uprising: in two days the people of Burkina Faso, in mass demonstrations, emptied the presidential palace of its occupant, exceeding even the slogans launched by political opposition and civil society organisations. On 31 October President Blaise Compaoré, after 27 years in power, was forced to resign. In this briefing, after a very brief overview of the dynamics of the struggles in Burkina Faso, Lila Chouli presents in broad outline the nature of the post-October transition, its relationship to the uprising and some of the principal contradictions and tensions contained in these developments.À la fin d'octobre 2014, l'Afrique était le “théâtre” d'un soulèvement populaire, particulier par sa fulgurance : en deux jours, les masses burkinabè ont vidé le palais présidentiel de son occupant, dépassant le mot d'ordre lancé par l'opposition politique ainsi que des organisations de la société civile. Qu'en est-il de l'après octobre 2014 ? Après un très bref rappel de la dynamique des luttes au Burkina Faso, nous présenterons à grands traits l'organisation de la transition post-octobre dans ses rapports à l'esprit du soulèvement populaire, dans sa pluralité, pouvant même être contradictoire …
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 148-155
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2015.1016290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1016290
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:148-155
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eddy Akpomera
Author-X-Name-First: Eddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Akpomera
Title: International crude oil theft: elite predatory tendencies in Nigeria
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 156-165
Issue: 143
Volume: 42
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2014.988696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2014.988696
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:42:y:2020:i:143:p:156-165
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Egypt under military rule
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 529-534
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1775427
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1775427
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:529-534
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathilde Fautras
Author-X-Name-First: Mathilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Fautras
Author-Name: Giulio Iocco
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Iocco
Title: Land, politics and dynamics of agrarian change and resistance in North Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 535-548
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1688941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1688941
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:535-548
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saker El Nour
Author-X-Name-First: Saker El
Author-X-Name-Last: Nour
Title: Grabbing from below: a study of land reclamation in Egypt
Abstract:
The article questions state land commodification and the expansion of frontiers in land reclamation projects in Egypt. It does so by drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in the form of in-depth interviews and archival research on land tenure relations in Wadi Al-Nukra, Upper Egypt. In the article, actors and structure dynamics are situated in the wider political economy framework in order to guide both the data collection and the discussion surrounding the results. The key finding was that agricultural development in the desert created a particular class formation and resulted in specific land concentration. It did not lead to the hegemony of agribusiness nor to the success of desert agriculture in solving agrarian questions or issues relating to food security and population redistribution. The coexistence of different legal frameworks, development policies and discourses concerning allocation of state land, all of these coming from different backgrounds, has led to the concentration of property and to cronyism. It also reveals a deepening social differentiation and class formation. The land reclamation project in desert areas is increasingly moving towards an acceleration of the commodification of state land used for production, accumulation and speculation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 549-566
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1755190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1755190
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:549-566
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasmine Moataz Ahmed
Author-X-Name-First: Yasmine Moataz
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed
Title: The social life of wheat and grapes: domestic land-grabbing as accumulation by dispossession in rural Egypt
Abstract:
In the last three decades, Egypt’s rural population has experienced different types of struggle over land as a result of neoliberal land reforms, which have favoured landowners and marginalised tenants’ interests. While the literature highlighted the negative effects on the tenants, little attention was given to what landlords did with the land after the reforms. Drawing on fieldwork conducted between 2011 and 2013 in five Egyptian villages, the article addresses this lacuna by investigating tenants’ understanding of land-use change. Using a revised conceptualisation of Marx’s metabolic rift, the article shows that evicted tenants understand this shift as part of a domestic land grab that disrupted the ecological system. The article therefore conceptualises land dispossession and domestic land grabs as mutually reinforcing processes and draws particular attention to the sensorial dimensions associated with domestic land grab, in addition to the political and economic dimensions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 567-581
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1688486
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1688486
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:567-581
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco de Lellis
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: de Lellis
Title: Peasants, dispossession and resistance in Egypt: an analysis of protest movements and organisations before and after the 2011 uprising
Abstract:
The livelihoods of Egypt’s agrarian working classes have been under attack for at least 30 years by policies dispossessing them of natural and economic resources. This process accelerated in the mid 1990s when a domestic land grab took place, eradicating tenure rights for poor tenants. Rural Egypt was part of the 2011 revolutionary process, although heavily marginalised in narratives about the ‘Spring’. Land occupations, farmers’ protests and unionisation were part of the revolutionary landscape, in direct continuity with previous struggles, but also showing signs of rupture and innovation. Reactions from below against dispossession have been variegated and developing, but their determinants remain largely unaddressed. The article retraces the trajectories of these struggles, pointing at the crucial role that the peasants’ allies (leftist civic activism, NGOs and political parties) have played in enhancing and/or undermining agrarian movements at particular historical conjunctures.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 582-598
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1688487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1688487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:582-598
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Henderson
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Henderson
Title: Gulf capital and Egypt's corporate food system: a region in the third food regime
Abstract:
How can we define the emergence of new spaces in the global corporate food system? This article argues that regions in food regime theory have been overlooked, both geographically and socially. As an example of the significance of the regional level, it examines the case of the relationship between Egypt and the Gulf states. In addition to Western capital, Egypt's corporate food system has been determined by regional capital from the Gulf. Gulf investment is one of the largest foreign capitals in Egypt's agribusiness sector and it owns companies that have controlling market shares of corporate food. It will argue that this has been concomitant with the political power of a class hierarchy that extends from Egypt into the Gulf Cooperation Council states.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 599-614
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1552583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1552583
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:599-614
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie Widengård
Author-X-Name-First: Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Widengård
Title: Land deals, and how not all states react the same: Zambia and the Chinese request
Abstract:
The global land rush has drawn new attention to the African state. Governments have generally been accused of brokering deals that are assumed to negatively affect local people. This framing contributes to an image that all states react in the same way, ignoring that states and customary rulers still covet control over land. By drawing on a Chinese land request for 2 million hectares in Zambia, the article argues that processes of land acquisition are deeply influenced by the shifting politics and policies within the respective country, specifically since a change of government changed the dynamics of the deal.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 615-631
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1614551
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1614551
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:615-631
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Dwyer
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Dwyer
Author-Name: Fatou Diouf
Author-X-Name-First: Fatou
Author-X-Name-Last: Diouf
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Author-Name: Beesan Kasaab
Author-X-Name-First: Beesan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasaab
Author-Name: Didier Kiendrebeogo
Author-X-Name-First: Didier
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiendrebeogo
Author-Name: Mohamed Traore
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Traore
Author-Name: Naome Chakanya
Author-X-Name-First: Naome
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakanya
Author-Name: Njuki Githethwa
Author-X-Name-First: Njuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Githethwa
Author-Name: Fatou Diouf
Author-X-Name-First: Fatou
Author-X-Name-Last: Diouf
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Author-Name: Beesan Kasaab
Author-X-Name-First: Beesan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasaab
Author-Name: Didier Kiendrebeogo
Author-X-Name-First: Didier
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiendrebeogo
Author-Name: Mohamed Traore
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Traore
Author-Name: Naome Chakanya
Author-X-Name-First: Naome
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakanya
Author-Name: Njuki Githethwa
Author-X-Name-First: Njuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Githethwa
Title: Connections 3: ROAPE workshop in Johannesburg, 26–27 November 2018
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 632-664
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1775431
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1775431
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:632-664
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maurice Okito
Author-X-Name-First: Maurice
Author-X-Name-Last: Okito
Title: Rwanda poverty debate: summarising the debate and estimating consistent historical trends
Abstract:
This briefing aims to: (1) summarise the poverty debate and (2) explain differences between the estimates produced by different authors. The key points are that: (1) there has been a sharp increase in poverty since 2011 according to all consistent trend estimates; (2) the finding is robust to all reasonable assumptions about inflation and price data; and (3) the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda’s findings do not tally with their own stated assumptions about inflation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 665-672
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1678463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1678463
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:665-672
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Kohnert
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohnert
Title: The impact of Brexit on francophone Africa
Abstract:
The Brexit election in the United Kingdom on 12 December 2019 which brought Boris Johnson to power made it clear beyond doubt that Brexit will come soon. With or without an EU deal, the impact on Africa will be considerable too. Brexit affects not only Commonwealth but also francophone Africa. The range of the impact stretches from having a direct economic bearing on commodity prices and national budgets, to indirect political effects on progressive social networks that contest the post-colonial CFA currency and the murky network of Françafrique. The following briefing provides an overview of the hitherto under-researched questions on the impact of Brexit on African countries outside the Commonwealth of Nations.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 673-685
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1696292
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1696292
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:673-685
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume Index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 686-690
Issue: 162
Volume: 46
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1776501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1776501
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:46:y:2020:i:162:p:686-690
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Zack-Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Zack-Williams
Title: Africa – coping with the ‘new normal’
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-9
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1794111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1794111
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:1-9
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean Copans
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Copans
Title: Have the social classes of yesterday vanished from Africanist issues or are African societies made up of new classes? A French anthropologist’s perspective
Abstract:
The concept of social class and how it relates to the African context was theorised in France during the 1960s and 1970s in Africanist sociology and anthropology. The author summarises the major contributions of these works as well as providing his own analysis. He concludes that the variety of empirical data and the abrupt shifts in societal evolution of the continent over the past century have unfortunately dictated a speculative and quasi-experimental use of the concept of class in much of the literature. He also comments on the interventions on class that were published in ROAPE and its blog, Roape.net, in recent years.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 10-26
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1753405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1753405
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:10-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Stewart
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart
Author-Name: Andries Bezuidenhout
Author-X-Name-First: Andries
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezuidenhout
Author-Name: Christine Bischoff
Author-X-Name-First: Christine
Author-X-Name-Last: Bischoff
Title: Safety and health before and after Marikana: subcontracting, illegal mining and trade union rivalry in the South African mining industry
Abstract:
Mine and worker Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) remains crucial given the historically dismal record of fatalities and accidents in mining in South Africa. OHS also played a central role in the resurgence of trade unionism of black South African mineworkers in the 1980s. While the OHS literature has the workplace as its predominant focus, this article explores three factors relating to conditions external to and beyond mining production: subcontracting, illegal mining and inter-union rivalry. By drawing on empirical studies conducted over two decades, employing a range of research methodologies, the article shows how these factors impact negatively on the mechanisms regulating safety and occupational health. The article concludes that understanding the OHS environment cannot remain restricted to the underground mining workplace. Instead, it points to a broader conceptualisation of OHS and notes the implications for worker politics and progressive research practice.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 27-44
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1679103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1679103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:27-44
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lawrence Ntuli
Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence
Author-X-Name-Last: Ntuli
Title: The strategies and tactics of fighting against precarisation of work: a comparative study of precarious workers’ struggles in two South African municipalities
Abstract:
This article compares the tactics and strategies used by precarious workers who fought through the union and those who engaged in struggle without being led by the trade union. Even though both groups fought separately and used different form of organisations, they used almost identical tactics and strategies. Most importantly, both groups of workers believed that only through a trade union could they win better pay and conditions. This article draws on data sourced from primary (interviews) and secondary sources.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 45-58
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1790226
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1790226
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:45-58
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fadzai Chipato
Author-X-Name-First: Fadzai
Author-X-Name-Last: Chipato
Author-Name: Libin Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Libin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Ting Zuo
Author-X-Name-First: Ting
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuo
Author-Name: George T. Mudimu
Author-X-Name-First: George T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mudimu
Title: The politics of youth struggles for land in post-land reform Zimbabwe
Abstract:
The youth in post-land reform Zimbabwe are engaged in struggles for land ownership, access and control. This article focuses on youth struggles from the grassroots to the national level. The struggles for land emanate from a number of factors among which are: elite alienation, the state’s failure to exercise its constitutional mandate of a broad-based land reform, weak economic structure, the conflation of party and state politics, political opportunity calculations and social justice concerns. The conflation of party and state politics has exacerbated the use of land for patronage purposes and led to further youth disenfranchisement and more parochialism, as demonstrated by the narrowing of the youth’s national struggle for land to a party political matter. This has subordinated youth land struggles to the dictates of party politics. Youth in the rural areas unable to access productive land embarked on informal land occupation as they waited for unfulfilled promises from the authorities. The youth struggles are at a crossroads as the state’s narrative, discourse and policy position shifts under a new administration and economic order premised on neoliberalism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 59-77
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1730781
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1730781
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:59-77
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacobo Grajales
Author-X-Name-First: Jacobo
Author-X-Name-Last: Grajales
Title: From war to wealth? Land policies and the peace economy in Côte d’Ivoire
Abstract:
This article studies the production of economic domination after the end of the Ivorian armed conflict. It investigates the interaction between post-conflict development policies, people's expectations and fears unleashed by the end of war, and the capacity of local actors to establish external alliances. The inquiry focuses on a region located at the margins of the conflict, but at the core of post-war development schemes. In this warless land, policies implemented in the name of peace provide resources for dominant actors seeking to consolidate their position, thus reinforcing the social structures of agrarian capitalism that had been challenged during the war.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 78-94
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1731683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1731683
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:78-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Amir Anwar
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Amir
Author-X-Name-Last: Anwar
Author-Name: Mark Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: Digital labour at economic margins: African workers and the global information economy
Abstract:
The main aim of this briefing is to make visible the invisible and bring light to the role African workers are playing in developing key emergent and everyday digital technologies such as autonomous vehicles, machine learning systems, next-generation search engines and recommendations systems. Once we acknowledge that many contemporary digital technologies rely on a lot of human labour to drive their interfaces, we can begin to piece together what the new global division of labour for digital work looks like and build a greater socio-political response (both at the global and local scale) to make some of these value chains more transparent, ethical and rewarding.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 95-105
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1728243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1728243
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:95-105
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Murtala Muhammad
Author-X-Name-First: Murtala
Author-X-Name-Last: Muhammad
Author-Name: Ramatu Buba
Author-X-Name-First: Ramatu
Author-X-Name-Last: Buba
Author-Name: Muhammad Danial Azman
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Danial
Author-X-Name-Last: Azman
Author-Name: Abubakar Ahmed
Author-X-Name-First: Abubakar
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed
Title: China’s involvement in the trans-Saharan textile trade and industry in Nigeria: the case of Kano
Abstract:
This Briefing analyses the large volume and value of smuggled Chinese textile products through the Sahara into the Kano market from 2000 to 2015. The evidence indicates that China’s involvement has displaced local manufacturers in the historic textile city of Kano.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 106-114
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1680356
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1680356
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:106-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael I. Ugwueze
Author-X-Name-First: Michael I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ugwueze
Author-Name: Christian C. Ezeibe
Author-X-Name-First: Christian C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezeibe
Author-Name: Jonah I. Onuoha
Author-X-Name-First: Jonah I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Onuoha
Title: The political economy of automobile development in Nigeria
Abstract:
This briefing examines the major developments in Nigeria’s automobile industry since 1960. It argues that inconsistent implementation of automobile policies reinforces the capacity of non-indigenous automobile manufacturers to dominate the sector, and concludes that consistent auto-policy implementation that promotes the interests of indigenous manufacturers is relevant for increased local production and sustainable job creation in the sector.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 115-125
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1721277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1721277
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:115-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Youssoufou Hamadou Daouda
Author-X-Name-First: Youssoufou
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamadou Daouda
Title: Poverty and living conditions with Boko Haram in the Lake Chad Basin: the case of southeastern Niger
Abstract:
This briefing analyses the political economy of Boko Haram and explains how the conflict dismantles the local economy, jeopardises living conditions and heightens tensions between local communities and public authorities. The conflict destroys the dynamism of the Lake Chad Basin economy based on cross-border trade in agricultural and fisheries products, and reduces many people to living in camps, where precarious living conditions and poverty become daily challenges, and where tensions between refugees, host populations and local authorities are recurrent.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 126-134
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1722086
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1722086
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:126-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Author-X-Name-First: Franklin
Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng-Odoom
Title: Why inequality persists in Africa
Abstract:
How to explain persistent inequality in Africa and its widespread consequences of uncertainty and social costs continues to be the focus of heated debate. In this debate piece, I argue that the contending orthodox, heterodox and political economy explanations are not satisfactory. Instead, stratification economics, centred on property and institutions, offers a more compelling elucidation of why stratification and inequality persist in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 135-143
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1728244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1728244
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:135-143
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Ougaard
Author-X-Name-First: Morten
Author-X-Name-Last: Ougaard
Title: Samir Amin's contribution to historical materialism
Abstract:
Samir Amin's contributions to historical materialism were original theoretical innovations that represented a clear break with Eurocentrism in this tradition. They include both the concept of tributary social formations and a truly global perspective on the development of human society. This debate piece argues that Amin's contributions deserve much more attention and appreciation than they have received.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 144-152
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1722087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1722087
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:144-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: The African hero in Mozambican history: on assassinations and executions – Part I
Abstract:
‘A gun shot in the middle of a concert [is] something vulgar, [yet] something which is impossible to ignore’, writes Stendhal, the greatest of political novelists. The same is true of death – especially of death by assassination and death by execution – in the political analysis of Africa. For, as argued here in two linked texts, one in this issue of the Review of African Political Economy, ROAPE, and a second in the following issue of ROAPE, such intrusions of planned and orchestrated deaths are seen to have provided key moments in African politics (and, not least, in Mozambican politics), albeit moments that have too seldom been allotted the theoretical attention they warrant or debated with the seriousness they deserve. In this Part I (and its subsection 1) of the present contribution to the Debate section of ROAPE, different ways of approaching this matter are first reflected upon. Then, in subsection 2, some of the issues so raised are exemplified with reference to the first of the two most pertinent assassinations in Mozambican history, the assassination in 1969 (in Dar es Salaam) of Frelimo’s first president, Eduardo Mondlane. In Part II of this essay (to appear in the next issue of ROAPE), the discussion of Mondlane and his assassination will be complemented by a reflection on the assassination in 1986 of his immediate successor as Frelimo president (and the eventual first president of Mozambique), Samora Machel. Several other related matters will also be discussed in this Part II, matters I will anticipate at the end of this first part (below). But such sections, too, will help us to bring into focus the main theme of this two-part article and of the subsequent debate it seems to stimulate, which are: just what difference can the several assassinations and executions that have scarred Mozambican history be thought to have made to the shaping of longer-term outcomes in the country’s history; and what, more generally, can we hope to learn from such a closer examination of the ‘what ifs’ of history?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 153-165
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1784577
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1784577
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:153-165
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas Booth
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth
Title: Wentworth: the beautiful game and the making of place
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 166-168
Issue: 163
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1730602
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1730602
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:163:p:166-168
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Title: Socially distanced capitalism in a time of coronavirus
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 169-196
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1814627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1814627
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:169-196
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ruth First Prize
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 197-198
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1813971
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1813971
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:197-198
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isidore Udoh
Author-X-Name-First: Isidore
Author-X-Name-Last: Udoh
Title: Oil production, environmental pressures and other sources of violent conflict in Nigeria
Abstract:
Globally, environmental overexploitation and degradation constitute both threats to human development and sources of tension and conflicts. In Nigeria, the degradation of the Niger Delta environment by oil production has exacerbated long-standing grievances among communities competing for scarce resources. This article seeks to examine the theoretical and existential explanations for the mobilisation by groups from Nigeria’s oil-producing communities to pursue armed struggle in engaging with the Nigerian state and multinational oil companies. Using 10 focus groups with 85 participants, the author tests the argument that violent conflicts in the Niger Delta are related to the negative pressures placed on the environment and communities by pollution of land and water resources by oil production. These pressures expose the population of the area to poverty, hunger, malnutrition, anxiety, distrust and violence. The ensuing widening inequalities have spawned simmering grievances, a survivalist culture and a politics of ethnic mobilisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 199-219
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2018.1549028
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2018.1549028
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:199-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron C. van Klyton
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron C.
Author-X-Name-Last: van Klyton
Author-Name: Said Rutabayiro-Ngoga
Author-X-Name-First: Said
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutabayiro-Ngoga
Author-Name: Lakmal Liyanage
Author-X-Name-First: Lakmal
Author-X-Name-Last: Liyanage
Title: Chinese investment in the Sierra Leone telecommunications sector: international financial institutions, neoliberalism and organisational fields
Abstract:
The article investigates the relationship between the Sierra Leonean government and international financial institutions in financial lending for the development of the country’s telecommunications infrastructure. The authors address two interrelated topics: 1) efforts by African countries to free themselves from Western-dominated programmes of neoliberal reform exercised through lending agreements; 2) an evolving economic relationship between African countries and China, particularly with respect to an emerging form of unequal exchange, and a false sense of empowerment in negotiation by African countries. Using the organisational field as a conceptual framework in the context of neoliberalism, the authors examine the power dynamics between foreign capital and Sierra Leone to understand how these relationships are affected and transformed by the availability of China as an alternative source of investment. They find evidence to support the coexistence and interdependency of multiple organisational fields that are affected by field-level changes yielding social, political and economic consequences for all the actors.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 220-237
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1605591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1605591
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:220-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. S. Mmaduabuchi Okeke
Author-X-Name-First: G. S. Mmaduabuchi
Author-X-Name-Last: Okeke
Author-Name: Uche Nwali
Author-X-Name-First: Uche
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwali
Title: Campaign funding laws and the political economy of money politics in Nigeria
Abstract:
Campaign funding laws have failed to stem the phenomenon of money politics in postcolonial Nigeria. The predominant narrative in extant literature attributes this failure to lack of enforcement of the laws. This article rethinks the lack of enforcement narrative and argues that the laws have inbuilt biases that legitimise and perpetuate money politics; hence, any investment in enforcement can only yield meagre returns. But beyond the biased legal regime, mass poverty is largely why attempts to remedy the challenge of money politics via the instrument of law have failed. The article recommends a recalibration of Nigeria’s political economy to usher in a resource allocation and wealth redistribution regime that ensures the citizenry are not so poor that they would be vulnerable to material inducement.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 238-255
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1699043
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1699043
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:238-255
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Goodfellow
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodfellow
Title: Finance, infrastructure and urban capital: the political economy of African ‘gap-filling’
Abstract:
Financial flows into Africa are being reoriented through the pervasive discourse of the ‘infrastructure gap’. The article argues that the generation of new infrastructures identified as ‘alternative assets’ by global finance is also creating landscapes of opportunity for urban capital accumulation by more locally embedded actors. Thus, as international financial flows are becoming ‘infrastructuralised’, domestic capital is increasingly ‘real-estatised’. The conceptualisation of African urban economies in terms of deficits has obscured the extent to which they are also characterised by surfeits, including of certain kinds of property development and speculation, with important implications for the politics of urban accumulation, dispossession and violence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 256-274
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1722088
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1722088
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:256-274
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Claude N. Ashukem
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Claude N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashukem
Title: The SDGs and the bio-economy: fostering land-grabbing in Africa
Abstract:
This article analyses the contributory role of the bio-economy and the UN General Assembly Sustainable Development Goals in facilitating and fostering land-grabbing in sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that with the rapidly increasing demand for land and the use of agricultural produce for food and energy purposes, the bio-economy, together with the Sustainable Development Goals, has inexorably exacerbated the practice of land-grabbing in sub-Saharan Africa, where land is considered to be abundant, empty and unused. Sub-Saharan Africa has again been perceived primarily as a steady supplier of land for the production of food and non-food crops.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 275-290
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1687086
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1687086
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:275-290
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ikedinachi K. Ogamba
Author-X-Name-First: Ikedinachi K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogamba
Title: Conditional cash transfer and education under neoliberalism in Nigeria: inequality, poverty and commercialisation in the school sector
Abstract:
This briefing contributes to the debate on education and inequalities in the era of neoliberal globalisation, exploring the extent to which conditional cash transfer (CCT) expands the choices and potentials of children from poor households using the critical lens of the capability approach. It argues that the effectiveness of the CCT programme in mitigating the effects of neoliberal policies in education and addressing inequalities in and through education has been limited, highlighting the implications for education and sustainable development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 291-300
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1771298
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1771298
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:291-300
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Musiwaro Ndakaripa
Author-X-Name-First: Musiwaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndakaripa
Title: Zimbabwe's 2018 elections: funding, public resources and vote buying
Abstract:
Using the concept of ‘competitive authoritarianism’, this briefing examines how the governing Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) retained power in the July 2018 presidential, parliamentary and local government elections. It advances that, having come to power through military assistance in November 2017, the new ZANU–PF government instituted cosmetic political reforms to gain domestic and international legitimacy while maintaining financial networks and tentacles on public institutions. This briefing posits that, with a huge funding base, abuse of public resources and massive vote buying, materially, Zimbabwe's 2018 elections were heavily slanted in favour of ZANU–PF.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 301-312
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1735327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1735327
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:301-312
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Chipere
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Chipere
Title: Crisis of political leadership in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
Zimbabwe faces the deepest crisis of its time. The three main impediments to getting out of the crisis are, first, the current kleptocratic and dictatorial rule of President Emmerson Mnangagwa and his ZANU–PF party; second, the leadership and policies of the largest opposition party, the MDC; and last but not least, the operations of the World Bank and the IMF in Zimbabwe.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 313-323
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1722089
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1722089
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:313-323
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rune Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Rune
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Author-Name: Stig Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Stig
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Title: The imagined Africa of the West: a critical perspective on Western imaginations of Africa
Abstract:
This debate piece discusses how exceptionalised images of Africa are reproduced in contemporary Western discourse and imagination, and argues that these exceptionalised depictions of Africa enable Western consciousness to escape a confrontation with its own dysfunctionalities, hereby projecting all the excremental features characterising human existence on to its African Other. This is interpreted as a way for Western subjects to alter themselves into a position of idealised and imagined advanced civilisation – thus legitimising contemporary acts of neo-colonial exploitation in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 324-334
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2019.1660155
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2019.1660155
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:324-334
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John S. Saul
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul
Title: The African hero in Mozambican history: on assassinations and executions – Part II
Abstract:
Part I of ‘The African hero in Mozambican history’, published in issue 163, launched a discussion of the possible role of the individual in African history … both in general terms and in terms of understanding more precisely the implications of the assassination of Eduardo Mondlane for the further development of Mozambique. Now, in Part II, this essay similarly considers (in subsection 3) the assassination of Mondlane’s successor as leader of Frelimo (and the man who would later become the first president of a liberated Mozambique), Samora Machel. It remains focused on the broad theme of death and its impact on the history of Mozambique in subsection 4 that follows. But it now does so by reflecting upon the possible import of ‘execution as a mode of governance’, and specifically by re-examining Frelimo’s secret executions, sometime in the first decade of Mozambican independence, of Uriah Simango, his wife and a number of his colleagues, a group that had come to form the movement’s internal opposition when in exile in Tanzania in the 1960s. It suggests that these extremely secretive executions can best be seen as negative outcomes of the self-righteous vanguardism that has come to haunt Frelimo in power up to the present. Part II then concludes (in subsection 5) by examining a further series of deaths: the wave of mafia-style killings that, in this century (and beginning with the assassination of crusading journalist Carlos Cardoso in 2000), has come to be called ‘Mozambique’s quiet assassination epidemic’. How best, finally, to interpret such an unsavoury recent phenomenon as this grisly ‘epidemic’?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 335-345
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1792119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1792119
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:335-345
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abeer R. Y. Abazeed
Author-X-Name-First: Abeer R. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abazeed
Title: Power relations of development: the case of dam construction in the Nubian homeland, Sudan
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 346-348
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1814069
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1814069
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:346-348
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 349-349
Issue: 164
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1728913
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1728913
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:164:p:349-349
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Africa, extractivism and the crisis this time
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 511-521
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1859839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1859839
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:511-521
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maura Benegiamo
Author-X-Name-First: Maura
Author-X-Name-Last: Benegiamo
Title: Extractivism, exclusion and conflicts in Senegal’s agro-industrial transformation
Abstract:
In the last two decades, the promotion of agro-industry has become a dominant developmental imperative on the African continent, leading to efforts to involve private-sector actors. This article examines the political economy and ecology of agro-industry in the Senegal River delta, focusing on local-level reactions to Senegalese initiatives aimed at attracting foreign investors in agriculture. The argument is that Senegal is witnessing the emergence of an agro-extractivist pattern that replaces earlier development objectives – such as peasants’ integration into the national economy – with the new imperative of the integration of territories into global capitalism. The article presents empirical evidence on three main consequences of the increased presence of agro-industry: a process of change in land property and access; the end of public support to peasant farmers; and an intensified marginalisation of pastoralism. Colonial heritage and the role of local resistances in shaping and mediating this developmental strategy are also discussed.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 522-544
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1794661
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1794661
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:522-544
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Capasso
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Capasso
Title: The war and the economy: the gradual destruction of Libya
Abstract:
This article questions dominant analyses about Libya’s present ‘war economy’ and ‘statelessness’, which are often deployed to explain the country’s ongoing destruction. By reinterpreting the history of the past as the failure of Libya to implement neoliberal reforms, these accounts trivialise its anti-imperialist history. The article reflects on the role that war and militarism play in the US-led imperialist structure, tracing the gradual unmaking of Libya from the progressive revolutionary era, towards its transformation into a comprador state and an outpost for global class war. In doing so, it moves the focus away from Libya’s ‘war economy’ to examine the war and the economy, linking Libya’s fate to the geo-economic and geopolitical forces at the core of US-led imperialism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 545-567
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1801405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1801405
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:545-567
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Freedom Mazwi
Author-X-Name-First: Freedom
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazwi
Title: Sugar production dynamics in Zimbabwe: an analysis of contract farming at Hippo Valley
Abstract:
This article examines the nature of contractual relations between sugar outgrowers (contract farmers) and Tongaat Hulett Zimbabwe (THZ). Drawing from a research study conducted at Hippo Valley Estate, using a mixed-methods approach, findings reveal asymmetrical power relations in favour of THZ as reflected by its domination in price determination, monopsony control and risk sharing. Despite radicalisation and attempts by the state to curb the powers of international finance, the article argues that monopoly capital continues to wield significant control in Zimbabwe, leading to growing farmer indebtedness. Thus, the state–capital alliance presents a stumbling block for accumulation by sugar outgrowers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 568-584
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1832022
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1832022
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:568-584
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Money
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: Money
Author-Name: Hans Otto Frøland
Author-X-Name-First: Hans Otto
Author-X-Name-Last: Frøland
Author-Name: Tshepo Gwatiwa
Author-X-Name-First: Tshepo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gwatiwa
Title: Africa–EU relations and natural resource governance: understanding African agency in historical and contemporary perspective
Abstract:
This article examines the changing forms of African agency in the context of contestations over natural resource governance with the European Union. The authors argue that EU policy is motivated by material self-interest but that it has not been able to successfully implement these policies. The way these policies have been challenged by African states has changed, however. The authors argue that a crucial context for this is the failure of the New International Economic Order in the 1970s. The failure of these initiatives helps to explain why the impetus for natural resource governance continues to come from outside the African continent.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 585-603
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1839876
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1839876
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:585-603
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alhassan Atta-Quayson
Author-X-Name-First: Alhassan
Author-X-Name-Last: Atta-Quayson
Author-Name: Amina H. Baidoo
Author-X-Name-First: Amina H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Baidoo
Title: Mining-induced violent resistance: the case of salt mining near Keta lagoon
Abstract:
There has been an upsurge in mining-induced violent resistance within the vicinity of Keta lagoon in Ghana that questions the legitimacy of ongoing large-scale salt production by Kensington Salt Industries Ltd. Between 2013 and 2017, there was a series of violent protests and clashes at Adina and adjoining communities at the eastern banks of Keta lagoon, leading to deaths and to destruction of the company’s property and equipment. The upsurge of mining-induced violent resistance in Keta follows the displacement of thousands of indigenes and growing state preference for large-scale projects in the salt sector. The article thus questions the credibility of the company’s permits and calls on relevant state agencies to engage Kensington and the affected communities to address the outlined factors responsible for the resistance and conflict. This must be done in accordance with the minerals and mining policy framework as well as regional and continental policy initiatives that the government has committed to.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 604-620
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1853518
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1853518
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:604-620
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zack Zimbalist
Author-X-Name-First: Zack
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimbalist
Title: So many ‘Africanists’, so few Africans: reshaping our understanding of ‘African politics’ through greater nuance and amplification of African voices
Abstract:
Who produces knowledge on ‘African politics’? Within political science, our understanding of politics in Africa is overwhelmingly shaped by non-Africans who spend most of their time far removed from Africa. This reality has serious consequences for the academic community, policymakers, students and citizens across the world. Using a new data set of undergraduate syllabi and doctoral exam reading lists, this article sheds further light on this knowledge production and instruction problem and provides suggestions for how we might redress this problem. In doing so, we can generate more nuanced understandings of governance dynamics that are centred on African voices and perspectives.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 621-637
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1840972
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1840972
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:621-637
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angus Elsby
Author-X-Name-First: Angus
Author-X-Name-Last: Elsby
Title: Creaming off commodity profits: Europe’s re-export boom and Africa’s earnings crisis in the coffee and cocoa sectors
Abstract:
This briefing uses historical export data and a combination of institutional sources to track how mark-ups on African coffee and cocoa exports have changed relative to European coffee and cocoa re-exports in recent decades. It finds that African coffee is now re-exported from Europe at an average mark-up of over 300%, compared to just over 50% in the 1970s and 1980s. These trends have prompted a crisis for producers, and reflect the growth, expansion and extended control over production of European agribusiness, which European governments have encouraged through the implementation of competition, corporate tax and regulatory policies favourable to agribusiness, in addition to the suppression of national and international initiatives to manage global supply.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 638-650
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1842186
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1842186
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:638-650
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eddy Akpomera
Author-X-Name-First: Eddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Akpomera
Title: Africa’s Blue Economy: potentials and challenges for more locally beneficial development
Abstract:
Africa has massive potential for a vibrant ‘Blue Economy’: 70% of the countries in the continent have territorial coastlines and extensive kilometres of exclusive economic zones (EEZs) in the sea that are still largely untapped for economic development. This analysis on sub-Saharan Africa’s positioning in the new framework of the Blue Economy, as well as the defining bottlenecks of maritime insecurity and weak governance, finds that Africa’s coastal states lack financial and technological capacity to harvest ocean assets, and are plagued by the corrupt tendencies of the political elite. There is a need to deploy strategic use of the states’ advantageous maritime resources for more locally beneficial development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 651-661
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1853517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1853517
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:651-661
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agaptus Nwozor
Author-X-Name-First: Agaptus
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwozor
Author-Name: John Olanrewaju
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Olanrewaju
Author-Name: Modupe Ake
Author-X-Name-First: Modupe
Author-X-Name-Last: Ake
Author-Name: Onjefu Okidu
Author-X-Name-First: Onjefu
Author-X-Name-Last: Okidu
Title: Oil and its discontents: the political economy of artisanal refining in Nigeria
Abstract:
This briefing examines the forces behind and some of the consequences of artisanal oil refining in Nigeria. Critical political economy is used to explore the asymmetrical power relations between the people, government and oil companies, drawing on new material to account for an unexplored dimension of the marginalisation of oil-bearing communities.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 662-675
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1835631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1835631
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:662-675
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nelson Oppong
Author-X-Name-First: Nelson
Author-X-Name-Last: Oppong
Title: Does political settlements analysis capture the unsettling politics of oil in Africa?
Abstract:
Analysis of political settlements has emerged from the shadows of new institutionalism and moved to the epicentre of political economy analysis across Africa. This debate takes on the framework by scrutinising its applicability to the politics of oil through the combined lens of critical political economy and contentious politics. It argues that contrary to the postulations of strategic elite bargains by political settlement researchers, Africa's oil landscape is marked by pluralistic politics and contestations at multiple scales.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 676-686
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1839404
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1839404
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:676-686
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Contested extractivism, society and the state: struggles over mining and land
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 687-688
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1826194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1826194
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:687-688
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Globalised authoritarianism: megaprojects, slums, and class relations in urban Morocco
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 688-690
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1826198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1826198
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:688-690
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume Index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 691-695
Issue: 166
Volume: 47
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1863033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1863033
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:47:y:2020:i:166:p:691-695
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingrid Harvold Kvangraven
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid Harvold
Author-X-Name-Last: Kvangraven
Author-Name: Maria Dyveke Styve
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Dyveke
Author-X-Name-Last: Styve
Author-Name: Ushehwedu Kufakurinani
Author-X-Name-First: Ushehwedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Kufakurinani
Title: Samir Amin and beyond: the enduring relevance of Amin’s approach to political economy
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-7
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1896262
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1896262
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:1-7
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jayati Ghosh
Author-X-Name-First: Jayati
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh
Title: Interpreting contemporary imperialism: lessons from Samir Amin
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 8-14
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1895535
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1895535
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:8-14
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fathimath Musthaq
Author-X-Name-First: Fathimath
Author-X-Name-Last: Musthaq
Title: Dependency in a financialised global economy
Abstract:
Drawing on Samir Amin’s writings, this article proposes a contemporary form of dependency that manifests in the subordinate integration of developing countries into a financialised global economy. Using insights from the emergent financialisation literature, the article updates two themes in Amin’s work: imperialist rent and the role of the peripheral state in perpetuating dependency in the global economy. In contemporary capitalism, imperialist rent is not limited to labour arbitrage but also includes financial arbitrage, and the peripheral state, rather than retreating, now actively manages the financial sphere. The article advances an updated understanding of dependency in the context of financialisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 15-31
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1857234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1857234
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:15-31
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ndongo Samba Sylla
Author-X-Name-First: Ndongo Samba
Author-X-Name-Last: Sylla
Title: Fighting monetary colonialism in francophone Africa: Samir Amin’s contribution
Abstract:
This article discusses Samir Amin’s intellectual and activist contribution to the political economy of decolonisation in sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on his fight from 1969 to 1975 for the monetary sovereignty of West African countries using the CFA franc, a colonial currency that survived independence. Amin was an advisor to Niger’s President Hamani Diori alongside whom he fought to end monetary colonialism. As an alternative to the CFA franc, Amin recommended an ambitious economic integration for the West Africa region based on mutually supportive national currencies. Although his proposal would meet opposition from France, Senegal and Côte d’Ivoire, his economic case against the CFA franc is still relevant. With regard to the ongoing protests against the CFA franc, it is important to recall a major teaching from Amin: although monetary autonomy is necessary for economic development in peripheral countries, without a delinking strategy its effects will be limited.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 32-49
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1878123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1878123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:32-49
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni
Author-X-Name-First: Sabelo J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndlovu-Gatsheni
Title: Revisiting Marxism and decolonisation through the legacy of Samir Amin
Abstract:
Samir Amin’s legacy of deployment of Marxist science, dedication to pan-Africanism and commitment to revolutionary liberation of the global South from imperialism and capitalism is re-evaluated from an epistemological vantage point. This is necessary because Amin raised fundamental epistemological issues as he challenged the discipline of economics, built institutions which advanced alternative thinking, and consistently created concepts and theories from concrete situations in the global South in general and Africa in particular. Three main issues stand out. The first is how epistemology shaped modern patterns of domination and subordination within modern Euro–North American-centric internationalism. The second is how intersections of Marxism and decoloniality reinforce a robust critique of modern racial capitalism. The third is how the legacy of Amin enabled a synthesis of Marxism (democratic Marxism of the 21st century), pan-Africanism, and decolonisation (planetary decoloniality of the 21st century) to consistently challenge and oppose the dominant and current imperial/colonial/capitalist internationalism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 50-65
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1881887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1881887
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:50-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: The gender of dependency theory: women as workers, from neocolonialism in West Africa to the implosion of contemporary capitalism
Abstract:
Samir Amin’s large body of work affords an opportunity to trace the ways in which he analysed class and gender in the workings of neocolonialism in the aftermath of independence in West Africa and globalisation after the end of the Cold War. Using two key texts, Neo-colonialism in West Africa (1973) and The implosion of contemporary capitalism (2013), this paper traces the way women, gender and dependency theory in Amin’s theoretical framework operate to simultaneously suggest and then foreclose recognition of how gender analysis provides vital, independent perspectives on global inequality.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 66-81
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1882415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1882415
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:66-81
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Max Ajl
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajl
Title: The hidden legacy of Samir Amin: delinking’s ecological foundation
Abstract:
This paper considers the relationship between Samir Amin’s programme for delinking, smallholder agriculture, his theories of ecology, and the current of ecological dependency that developed out of North African dependency analysis. It argues that ecological forms of agriculture in fact underpinned the original case from which Amin derived delinking – the developmental model of Amin’s China. It goes on to show how collaborators and fellow travellers of Amin like Mohamed Dowidar, Fawzy Mansour and Slaheddine el-Amami advanced the case for smallholder-centred national development, and connects their investigations to Amin’s theoretical framework.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 82-101
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1837095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1837095
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:82-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez
Title: East Asia has delinked – can Ethiopia delink too?
Abstract:
The possible emergence of a developmental state in Ethiopia has renewed the debate among African activists, scholars and policymakers over how to explain the remarkable success of the ‘East Asian model’. Rapid industrialisation in South Korea, Taiwan and China supposedly invalidates dependency theory, yet Samir Amin’s framework of delinking can better explain the success of these countries than can competing theories of the developmental state, since it highlights the role of international and domestic political alliances. Delinking means submitting international trade and financial relations to domestic priorities and is necessary for capitalist or socialist development.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 102-118
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1879769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1879769
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:102-118
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Macheda
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Macheda
Author-Name: Roberto Nadalini
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Nadalini
Title: Samir Amin in Beijing: delving into China’s delinking policy
Abstract:
According to the neoliberal narratives, opening up to the world system has deformed the structure of the Chinese economy, thereby passively serving the needs of the centre. In his works, Samir Amin offers the theoretical basis to demystify such narratives. However, he only cursorily analysed the specific policies through which China has achieved the goal of subordinating the domestic market to the logic of internal development. This article attempts to fill this gap by investigating the strategy adopted by the Chinese authorities, which allowed the country to integrate itself into global relations without abandoning its strategy of delinking from imperialism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 119-141
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1837094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1837094
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:119-141
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annamária Artner
Author-X-Name-First: Annamária
Author-X-Name-Last: Artner
Title: Samir Amin and Eastern Europe
Abstract:
This debate discusses four aspects of Samir Amin’s thoughts regarding Eastern Europe: Amin’s overall evaluation of the Soviet bloc; the relevance of his concepts on the centrality of the periphery; the ‘long transition to socialism’; and the role of nationalism and Eurocentrism in Eastern Europe. The author concludes that Eastern Europe does not fit into the historical role of the periphery as understood by Amin, and that the Eurocentric nationalism of the region serves to promote global capitalism instead of helping to further the anti-capitalist struggle.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 142-152
Issue: 167
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1881769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1881769
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:167:p:142-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christoph Vogel
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Vogel
Title: The politics of incontournables: entrenching patronage networks in eastern Congo’s mineral markets
Abstract:
Years after the formal end of two devastating wars, the Congo’s eastern Kivu provinces meander in a limbo of contested politics, deep-seated insecurity and armed mobilisation. Through the prism of the artisanal mining sector, which is currently undergoing significant regulatory transformation, this article studies the convoluted networks of political and economic order that underpin (in)security. Investigating the links between violence, reform and patronage, it asks how powerbrokers adapt to changing logics of conflict and resource extraction amid transnational reform that aims at ‘conflict-free’ mineral sourcing. Revisiting the notion of patronage, the article argues that political and economic order are socio-spatially entwined and demonstrates how a certain type of stakeholder – known collectively as incontournables – commands multiple loyalties across entangled networks of mineral exploitation and trade that extend far into the political, economic and military spheres of authority.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 178-195
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1886070
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1886070
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:178-195
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme Young
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: Development, division and discontent in informal markets: insights from Kampala
Abstract:
This article explores the recent history of Owino Market in Kampala, Uganda, to analyse the constraints to agency that exist in the informal economy. Detailing conflicts over market management and development in Owino, it argues that agency in the informal economy must be understood in reference to the economic divisions that exist within the informal sphere and the political divisions that characterise urban governance. The interaction of the two, as Owino illustrates, can severely circumscribe the ability of informal vendors to act in ways that allow them to participate in urban development. In this case, ongoing efforts by the ruling party and executive to monopolise power in Kampala solidified and politicised internal market hierarchies defined by vending location and ownership and employment status, leading to conflicts that threatened the majority of vendors’ livelihoods and the viability of their economic activities. For many in the informal economy, these structural constraints to agency may be impossible to overcome.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 196-216
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1841620
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1841620
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:196-216
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hesham Shafick
Author-X-Name-First: Hesham
Author-X-Name-Last: Shafick
Title: Financialisation of politics: the political economy of Egypt’s counterrevolution
Abstract:
Recent contentious events in Egypt have invited debates over the resilience/fragility of the Egyptian regime. While the ‘regime resilience’ thesis remains the most persistent, the fall of Mubarak’s regime so easily in 2011 gave rise to theories tending towards the other extreme of ‘regime fragility’, with the return of authoritarian rule in 2013 bringing the issue of resilience back to the fore. This article reviews two recent monographs that transform this binary deadlock, Sara Salem’s Anticolonial afterlives in Egypt and Amy Austin Holmes’ Coups and revolutions. These works argue that the authoritarian regime of contemporary Egypt is simultaneously fragile and resilient since it relies on financial rather than political networks to consolidate its power. The lack of a political base renders the regime fragile, while the financial networks that it serves sustain its resilience. Viewed from this perspective, the revolution of 2011 and the coup of 2013 are reconceived as manifestations of the same financial politics that constituted the historical bloc.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 305-313
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1862557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1862557
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:305-313
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth le Roux
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: le Roux
Title: The myth of the ‘book famine’ in African publishing
Abstract:
The publishing industry in Africa is usually described in terms of ‘booklessness’, ‘hunger’ or ‘famine’. But does this language of scarcity reflect the realities of book production and consumption? In this paper, the concept of ‘book famine’ is analysed as a central frame of discourse on African books, using a survey of existing documentation. Two ways of responding to book famine – provision and production – are identified, and the shortcomings of book aid (provision) are contrasted with strengthening local publishing industries (production). It is argued that the concept has become a cliché that is no longer relevant and that African publishing, while variable, is responding to local needs.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 257-275
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1792872
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1792872
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:257-275
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luc Reydams
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Reydams
Title: ‘More than a million’: the politics of accounting for the dead of the Rwandan genocide
Abstract:
Accounting for the dead after a humanitarian catastrophe is often fraught with methodological and/or political pitfalls. The genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda is a case in point. A UN Commission of Experts estimated that between April and July 1994 at least 500,000 civilians had been murdered. The post-genocide Rwandan government soon made clear that foreign help with demographic and forensic investigations was neither appreciated nor needed, and proceeded with its own counts of genocide victims. The article critically examines these counts; contrasts them with accounting efforts after the Bosnian conflict of the mid 1990s; compares the official Rwandan numbers with scholarly estimates; proposes an alternative method for calculating the death toll; and concludes that the official death toll roughly doubled the number of genocide victims. The article provides insight into how history is written in the new Rwanda.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 235-256
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1796320
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1796320
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:235-256
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edmore Mwandiringana
Author-X-Name-First: Edmore
Author-X-Name-Last: Mwandiringana
Author-Name: Jingzhong Ye
Author-X-Name-First: Jingzhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ye
Title: Battle for legitimacy: revisiting autochthony and (re)invented authority in Zimbabwe’s resettlement areas
Abstract:
This study examines the intersection of autochthony and (re)invented claims of authority in Zimbabwe’s resettlement areas, exploring how traditional leaders and war veterans battle for legitimacy in the resettlement areas. It argues that despite the general view that chiefs are recognised by everyone in the rural areas, their legitimacy is being challenged and in some cases with the use of violence. Although chiefs are recognised as the legitimate leaders in some resettlement areas, this study shows that their authority is being challenged in Insiza District’s resettlement area, covering Mpalawani, Gwamanyanga, Mpopoti and Lambamayi. The study also highlights how different people define autochthony, tradition and belonging in Zimbabwe’s resettled areas.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 217-234
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1932788
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1932788
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:217-234
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivan Ashaba
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashaba
Title: Historical roots of militarised conservation: the case of Uganda
Abstract:
This briefing engages the militarised conservation literature. Three factors key to understanding present militarised conservation in Uganda are discussed: colonial legacies, the country’s post-colonial history of war and conflict, and the current militarisation under the Museveni government as exemplified in the military collaboration between the Uganda Wildlife Authority and the Uganda Peoples' Defence Forces. It argues that the debate about militarised conservation in today’s Uganda has to be situated within the widening mandate of the military institution under the Museveni government, which came to power through the military path and then gradually militarised significant sections of society more broadly.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 276-288
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1828052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1828052
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:276-288
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Callinicos
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Callinicos
Title: Class, work and whiteness: race and settler colonialism in Southern Rhodesia, 1919–79
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 315-320
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1856506
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1856506
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:315-320
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin Theodra
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: Theodra
Title: Wrestling with the devil: a prison memoir
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 314-315
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1860344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1860344
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:314-315
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Author-Name: Sara Geenen
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Geenen
Title: Struggles over value: corporate–state suppression of locally led mining mechanisation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
The analytical framework deployed by the extensive global value chain (GVC) literature on African mining fails to consider how and from whom value is transferred within the process of establishing foreign corporate-led mining GVCs, and with what consequences. The authors explore these questions through a case study of the gold value chain in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In this context, they argue that a coalition between transnational capital and the Congolese state has marginalised and held back locally led processes of capital accumulation and mining mechanisation. Based on the findings, the developmental potential of domestically embedded networks of African production is highlighted.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 161-177
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1865902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1865902
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:161-177
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this new section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what’s been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter by entering their email address at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 321-323
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1934327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1934327
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:321-323
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Extractivism, informal work and strategies for political-economic transformation
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 153-160
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1936975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1936975
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:153-160
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nataliya Mykhalchenko
Author-X-Name-First: Nataliya
Author-X-Name-Last: Mykhalchenko
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Title: Anti-fraud measures in Eastern Africa
Abstract:
This briefing explores anti-fraud measures (AFMs) in Eastern Africa (Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Madagascar). The second of a three-part briefing series, it complements previous accounts of AFMs in southern Africa and confirms key AFM features that the authors previously identified concerning typical actors and their alliances, major sectors, fraud types and measures against fraud. The evidence suggests an expansion of anti-fraud agencies and initiatives, collecting and sharing more data within and across borders; of official governance of financial and product flows; and of efforts by AFM actors to enable the detection of genuine products, with related controversies among actors with divergent views and interests.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 289-304
Issue: 168
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2020.1866524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2020.1866524
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:168:p:289-304
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel A. Asua
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Asua
Author-Name: Michael I. Ugwueze
Author-X-Name-First: Michael I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ugwueze
Author-Name: Vincent C. Onah
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Onah
Title: Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea: a threat to the means of livelihood of artisanal fishers in South South region, Nigeria
Abstract:
The rising spate of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, targeting artisanal fishery, is a huge concern regarding security and economy. Relying to a major extent on qualitative primary data, this briefing explores the economic effects of piracy by providing empirical evidence of how the piracy attacks in the Gulf of Guinea contribute to the increasing food security crisis among the coastline population in the South South region, Nigeria. It argues that the increasing piracy on artisanal fishery is a manifest sign of state fragility in the country.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 452-461
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1931831
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1931831
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:452-461
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Mantz
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Mantz
Title: Bendix and Ndlovu-Gatsheni in dialogue: conceptualising the (de)colonial, knowledge and development
Abstract:
Today we are witnessing an intensification of colonial and imperial projects in Africa which require analyses and frameworks that can support the advancement of anti-colonial struggles for liberation and decolonisation. This review article brings Sabelo Ndlovu-Gatsheni’s Decolonization, development and knowledge in Africa: turning over a new leaf and Daniel Bendix’s Global development and colonial power: German development policy at home and abroad into conversation. Both books engage with the ‘colonial question’ in Africa through contrasting research strategies and standpoints. Reading them together and drawing attention to their overlaps and divergences allows us to reflect on the diverse ways of analysing the colonial in Africa, and how to conceptualise the relationship between development and decolonisation. This article enters into dialogue with the authors by focusing on the relationship between knowledge, memory and education in the context of decolonisation and on the imperative to (re)centre and revitalise non-Western knowledges.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 473-484
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1934323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1934323
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:473-484
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Kebede
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Kebede
Title: Ethiopia in theory: revolution and knowledge production, 1964–2016
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 485-487
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1905363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1905363
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:485-487
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter by entering their email address at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 493-496
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1969124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1969124
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:493-496
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriel Ozekhome Igechi
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel Ozekhome
Author-X-Name-Last: Igechi
Title: Should Nigeria join the European Union’s Economic Partnership Agreement with the other ECOWAS states?
Abstract:
This debate piece explores the possible consequences for Nigeria in the event that she signs up to the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union (EU) and the other Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) member states. It argues that in a global firmament driven by economic conflict, the struggle for resources and realist economic nationalism – and with cut-throat competition as the norm in international political economy – it will amount to folly for the nation to embrace a partnership whose ramifications are at best murky. The author thus questions whether the EPA signed by ECOWAS with the EU will be favourable to the Nigerian people.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 462-472
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1902797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1902797
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:462-472
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ernest Toochi Aniche
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest Toochi
Author-X-Name-Last: Aniche
Author-Name: Victor Chidubem Iwuoha
Author-X-Name-First: Victor Chidubem
Author-X-Name-Last: Iwuoha
Author-Name: Kelechukwu Charles Obi
Author-X-Name-First: Kelechukwu Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Obi
Title: Covid-19 containment policies in Nigeria: the role of conflictual federal–state relations in the fight against the pandemic
Abstract:
This briefing explores how the administrative fight against Covid-19 in Nigeria, particularly the conflictual political economy of federalism in this mono-product/oil-dependent economy, has shaped the making and implementation of virus containment policies and strategies. The analysis shows that the disconnects between the federal and state governments have blocked a harmonised and coordinated containment response. Instead, the measures to manage the pandemic have worsened the already highly conflictual – as well as dependent and centripetal – intergovernmental fiscal relations between federal and state governments, and among state governments.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 442-451
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1931830
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1931830
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:442-451
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melusi Nkomo
Author-X-Name-First: Melusi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nkomo
Title: Zimbabwe’s migrants and South Africa’s border farms: the roots of impermanence
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 488-490
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1925488
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1925488
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:488-490
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: Capitalism, resources and inequality in a climate emergency
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 325-330
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.2012337
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.2012337
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:325-330
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricardo Reboredo
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Reboredo
Title: Rebuilding hegemony: passive revolution, state transformation and South Africa’s steel sector
Abstract:
This paper draws on Gramscian concepts to analyse the ongoing transformation of the South African state. In particular, it conceptualises the Jacob Zuma administration’s attempt to establish a developmental state as an ongoing passive revolution. The paper argues that the implementation of the developmental state framework has transformed the role and character of the state apparatus. Three major transformations are detailed: a shift towards what ostensibly appears to be state capitalism; the increased leveraging/privileging of inbound global South-based capital; and the construction of novel intra-state alliances. The theoretical insights are then grounded through an examination of South Africa’s steel sector.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 352-368
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1937091
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1937091
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:352-368
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franziska Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Author-Name: Simone Claar
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Claar
Title: Auctioning a ‘just energy transition’? South Africa’s renewable energy procurement programme and its implications for transition strategies
Abstract:
Clean energy is going transnational. Following the COP21 UN Climate Change Conference in December 2015, a roll-out of clean energy schemes in the global South is fostering a global energy transition. One such case is South Africa, where a policy innovation – the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP) – was introduced in 2011. While REIPPPP seems to be a success story in terms of renewable energy capacity, it is unclear how the instrument is shaping the overall course of South Africa’s green transformation regarding the influence of transnational actors, participation in local ownership, and socio-economic benefits. Based on expert interviews and empirical process tracing of the renewable energy projects during the five bidding rounds of REIPPPP (2011–2016), the article analyses the design and effects of REIPPPP and discusses its implications for transition strategies, such as a ‘just transition’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 333-351
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1932790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1932790
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:333-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicoli Nattrass
Author-X-Name-First: Nicoli
Author-X-Name-Last: Nattrass
Author-Name: Jeremy Seekings
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Seekings
Title: Cooperatives and the reorganisation of labour-intensive production in South Africa’s clothing industry
Abstract:
Wage regulation in South Africa’s clothing industry has pushed low-wage producers to restructure themselves as partnerships between former employers, now intermediaries, and worker cooperatives. The proliferation of employer-initiated cooperatives in the clothing sector reflects and poses challenges to South Africa’s system of industrial-level bargaining, to unionisation, and to the government’s unevenly implemented strategy of using minimum wages to force enterprises to ‘upgrade’ and become less labour intensive. Through circumventing wage regulation and institutionalising a less adversarial approach to the management of labour, worker cooperatives represent a model for low-wage labour-intensive manufacturing that disrupts government rhetoric and policymaking.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 403-419
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1952562
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1952562
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:403-419
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abdul-Salam Ibrahim
Author-X-Name-First: Abdul-Salam
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibrahim
Title: The transnational land rush in Africa: a decade after the spike
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 490-492
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1953298
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1953298
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:490-492
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nomtha Gray
Author-X-Name-First: Nomtha
Author-X-Name-Last: Gray
Title: When anti-corruption fails: the dynamics of procurement in contemporary South Africa
Abstract:
Recent investigations into the phenomenon of state capture in South Africa have identified procurement as a central mechanism of rent generation for key actors. This article examines some of the ways in which anti-corruption measures failed, and argues that it will not be resolved by implementing more robust policies. Policies already conform to world-class standards, yet the way in which procurement is practised should be addressed more urgently. Practices that are reminiscent of apartheid-era levels of compliance have made it a function that prioritises ‘following orders’ above policy compliance, which undermines procurement’s ability to contribute to organisational effectiveness.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 369-384
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1932789
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1932789
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:369-384
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jannik Schritt
Author-X-Name-First: Jannik
Author-X-Name-Last: Schritt
Title: Janus-faced presidents: extroverted and introverted politics in oil-age Niger
Abstract:
This article analyses political speeches and practices of three Nigerien presidents between 2008 and 2011. It argues that politics in Niger are characterised by a logic of code-switching between an extroverted rhetoric to gain access to international aid, and an introverted rhetoric that critiques this very international system. This analysis makes a case for studies of African states that do not completely adhere to a perspective of either neocolonial dependency or neopatrimonialism. Rather, as leaders of a Janus-faced state, Nigerien presidents walk a tightrope to manoeuvre between external and internal demands in order to acquire resources and legitimacy in both spheres.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 420-441
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1949701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1949701
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:420-441
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ruth First Prize
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 331-332
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1969121
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1969121
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:331-332
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Staking a claim: law, inequality and the city in South Africa
Abstract:
The adoption of socio-economic rights in the post-apartheid constitution has given activists new tools to influence the development of economic policy. This article examines how – in the context of inequality and deprivation – urban communities, the residents of informal settlements, and civil society litigants have used these tools to reshape post-apartheid urban housing policy ‘from below’. It argues that this model of action provides a powerful example of popular work to combat widening inequality in the present conjuncture, operating to remake neoliberal state policy in a way that better responds to the experiences and needs of South Africa’s urban poor.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 385-402
Issue: 169
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1940123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1940123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:169:p:385-402
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philani Moyo
Author-X-Name-First: Philani
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyo
Title: Contested compensation: the politics, economics and legal nuances of compensating white former commercial farmers in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
In July 2020, the government of Zimbabwe and white former commercial farmers signed a Global Compensation Deed agreement of US$3.5 billion. Under this deal, and in line with Section 295 (3) of the constitution, white former farmers are ‘entitled to compensation from the State only for improvements that were on the land when it was acquired’. This article questions the political, financial and legal rationale of this agreement. First, it argues that the compensation deal is ultra vires since there is no enabling act of parliament to support it as required by the constitution. Consequently, this deal is tenuous and insidious. Second, Zimbabwe’s economic implosion and colossal foreign debt will make it difficult for international financial institutions to extend credit lines. Third, this deal reverses some land reform outcomes, thus raising political tensions. Fourth, these political tensions are swelling into resistance against the deal by war veterans and the opposition.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 630-645
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1990033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1990033
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:630-645
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 674-676
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.2027635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.2027635
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:674-676
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume Index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 677-681
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.2037334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.2037334
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:677-681
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Okorie Albert
Author-X-Name-First: Okorie
Author-X-Name-Last: Albert
Author-Name: Ifeanyichukwu Abada
Author-X-Name-First: Ifeanyichukwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Abada
Author-Name: Raymond Adibe
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond
Author-X-Name-Last: Adibe
Title: Crony capitalism in Nigeria: the case of patronage funding of the Peoples Democratic Party and the power sector reform, 1999–2015
Abstract:
The article argues that cronyism in the funding of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) explains the dismal record of the recent power sector reforms in Nigeria. It implies that the reforms were packaged by the then PDP-led government to benefit their major campaign financiers with contracts; thus, within this period the party financiers were able to assume a commanding position in the sector. The article further contends that the funding regime in the party reinforces corruption as financiers leveraged on their contributions to the party to ensure that the reform processes and outcomes reflected their economic interests. The case exemplifies the crony relationship between the business and the political class (that ought to act as the regulatory body), which is skewed towards primitive accumulation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 581-608
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1958309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1958309
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:581-608
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victor Chidubem Iwuoha
Author-X-Name-First: Victor Chidubem
Author-X-Name-Last: Iwuoha
Title: Rethinking the ‘patron–client’ politics of oil block allocation, development and remittances in Nigeria
Abstract:
This research adopts qualitative method and patron–client analysis to underscore the political economy of oil block allocation, development and receipts/remittances in Nigeria. It contests Wilson’s (1961) and Scott’s (1972) claims on the superiority of the patron over clients, and argues that ‘clients’ in Nigeria (indigenous oil block awardees) maintain some degree of control over the patron (ruling elite), enjoy more economic returns/oil rents, and possess some leverage over the patrons’ decision-making power. The ruling elite’s personalisation of oil block allocation/rents results in poor development of the upstream oil sector by ‘clients’, defaults in oil remittances and a consistent decline in oil production. The author recommends that the bidding process for oil block allocation be carried out in a more transparent and competitive manner.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 552-580
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1998768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1998768
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:552-580
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Njuki Githethwa
Author-X-Name-First: Njuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Githethwa
Title: Political protest in contemporary Kenya: change and continuities
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 670-673
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1969131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1969131
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:670-673
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camille Reyniers
Author-X-Name-First: Camille
Author-X-Name-Last: Reyniers
Title: Reducing deforestation and forest degradation in Democratic Republic of Congo: market-based conservation in a context of limited statehood
Abstract:
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) is an international mechanism linked to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. It has been described in the field of political ecology as the panacea of neoliberal nature conservation policies, in particular though the decreasing role of the state in the definition and implementation of forest policies in favour of market-based-mechanisms and non-governmental actors. The article explores the links between the privatisation of forest conservation and national sovereignty in the context of limited statehood through a case study in the Mai Ndombe province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It proposes an original approach combining African political anthropology with Franz Neumann's political economy analyses of the power of authoritarian states. It argues that this model of forest conservation uses carbon accounting and results-based payment, which privileges private actors for the design and implementation of REDD+ activities; it also paradoxically strengthens Congelese state legitimacy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 509-528
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1997733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1997733
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:509-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filip Reyntjens
Author-X-Name-First: Filip
Author-X-Name-Last: Reyntjens
Title: The path to genocide in Rwanda: security, opportunity, and authority in an ethnocratic state
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 667-668
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1969132
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1969132
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:667-668
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristina Pikovskaia
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pikovskaia
Title: Seeking social justice in crisis: socio-economic rights and citizenship in post-2000 Zimbabwe
Abstract:
The manifestations of the post-2000 economic crisis in Zimbabwe have long been a research subject for scholars who study issues of social justice in Zimbabwe. This article reviews three recent books written on the topic: Simukai Chigudu’s The political life of an epidemic: cholera, crisis and citizenship in Zimbabwe, Davison Muchadenyika’s Seeking urban transformation: alternative urban futures in Zimbabwe, and Building from the rubble: the labour movement in Zimbabwe since 2000, edited by Lloyd Sachikonye, Brian Raftopoulos and Godfrey Kanyenze. Although these works focus on different issues – a healthcare emergency, an urban housing crisis, and the labour movement’s decline, several themes cut across all of them: the economic and political crises, urban politics, experiences of citizenship, and social injustice. Addressing different socio-economic and political processes that emerged due to the crisis, the authors come to a common and important conclusion that despite the rigid political system and persisting social injustice, substantive and substantial changes in Zimbabwe may be achieved through grassroots social mobilisation and collective action.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 656-666
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.2001228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.2001228
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:656-666
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joshua Lew McDermott
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua Lew
Author-X-Name-Last: McDermott
Title: Understanding West Africa’s informal workers as working class
Abstract:
Informal workers in Africa are very often portrayed as primarily self-employed entrepreneurs and unemployed individuals largely excluded from capitalism, and thus insulated from class analysis and class dynamics. Drawing on a case study of informal workers in Sierra Leone, the article challenges this dominant understanding, arguing that informal workers experience the reality of class relations and that their material lives are shaped by, and help to shape, broader dynamics of capital accumulation. The research applies a holistic class analysis rooted in Marxist and feminist thought, arguing for an understanding of informal workers, including even small-scale ‘self-employed’ individuals, as workers exploited by, and opposed to the interests of, capital. In so doing, it challenges the simple understandings of working class as existing only and exclusively through formalised wage work, in favour of a more complex and inductive understanding of the reality of global capitalism, highlighting the relevance of class, value and exploitation to the lived reality of informal workers in Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 609-629
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1967734
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1967734
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:609-629
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Japhace Poncian
Author-X-Name-First: Japhace
Author-X-Name-Last: Poncian
Title: Resource nationalism and community engagement in extractive resource governance: insights from Tanzania
Abstract:
Resource nationalism has dominated resource governance politics across Africa. Resource-rich states have sought to both relegitimise extraction and secure more economic benefits. However, there is a paucity of studies on the consequences of resource nationalism for community participation in resource-governance and decision-making processes. Drawing on three cases of community resistance and negotiation in three different eras, this paper compares two waves of resource nationalism, i.e. the second and third waves, to show whether and how resource nationalism promotes community participation. While presenting itself as pro-participatory governance, resource nationalism reproduces structural constraints on meaningful community engagement in extractive resource governance.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 529-551
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1953975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1953975
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:529-551
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Chipere
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Chipere
Title: The exclusionary politics of digital financial inclusion: mobile money, gendered walls
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 668-670
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1972580
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1972580
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:668-670
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: Extractive capitalism and hard and soft power in the age of Black Lives Matter
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 497-508
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.2035536
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.2035536
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:497-508
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Evans
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans
Title: Land and the limits of liberal legalism: property, transitional justice and non-reformist reforms in post-apartheid South Africa
Abstract:
Critical scholarship on transitional justice, in Africa and globally, has drawn attention both to limits of liberalism and legalism (such as inattention to structural injustices) and to normatively more expansive – transformative, and even revolutionary – approaches to justice. Focusing particularly on South Africa, this debate piece considers the roles of liberal property relations and conceptions of the rule of law in producing and maintaining injustices related to land and property in (post-)transitional societies in Africa and beyond. Moreover, the extent to which transitional justice might contribute to revolutionary aspirations of overcoming capitalist social and economic relations (as espoused, at least rhetorically, by liberation movements throughout Africa) is considered. It is suggested that while this is unlikely, non-reformist reforms offer one avenue by which more expansive (transformative or revolutionary) goals might be pursued, in part, in and through transitional justice.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 646-655
Issue: 170
Volume: 48
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1987209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1987209
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:48:y:2021:i:170:p:646-655
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Portia Roelofs
Author-X-Name-First: Portia
Author-X-Name-Last: Roelofs
Title: The death of political possibility? Reading State and society in Nigeria 40 years on
Abstract:
In this 2019 reboot of his collection of essays from the 1970s, Gavin Williams traces the lingering the impact of colonialism and international capital on Nigeria’s political economy, the shaky development of an indigenous industrial class and the changing role of the state in national development. However, reading the book, it is not clear what such an analysis is for. Is it intended as a diagnosis? An indictment? Williams leftist commitments are clear, but amid the painstaking analysis one can ask: what is the point of studying politics? In this review article the author unpicks Williams’ at times contradictory answers to this question and argues that the book demonstrates the relevance of mid twentieth-century Nigerian politics to readers today. She poses the question of how we can navigate the possibility and risks of newly volatile twenty-first-century politics, unchained as it is from the liberal orthodoxy of the past 40 years.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 184-191
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2033521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2033521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:184-191
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natacha Bruna
Author-X-Name-First: Natacha
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruna
Title: Green extractivism and financialisation in Mozambique: the case of Gilé National Reserve
Abstract:
With the global environmental crisis intensifying, capitalism has extended the reach of financialisation through the creation of new financial assets that rely on further commodification of nature. Using the case of a national reserve in Mozambique, the paper examines the emergence of green extractivism as a consequence of deepening financialisation, an extractivism which is building on pre-existing relations of unequal and asymmetric exchange between industrialised and extractive economies. The article focuses on the linkages between financialisation and extractivism and nature-based financial mechanisms, whose operationalisation impacts on rural social reproduction. It is argued that the emergence of green extractivism, supported by green funds and loans, is intensifying the extractive character of the Mozambican economy. The case study shows, that with the support of philanthrocapitalism, the process of financialisation led by mature economies supports the appropriation of nature through green extractivist programmes in the periphery, with adverse implications for development and for rural subsistence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 138-160
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2049129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2049129
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:138-160
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Zajontz
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Zajontz
Title: Debt, distress, dispossession: towards a critical political economy of Africa’s financial dependency
Abstract:
With China's rise to become Africa's largest bilateral creditor, much research has focused on an evidence-based critique of the politicised narrative about China's supposed ‘debt trap diplomacy'. At a more fundamental level, this debate problematises the function of debt and related power differentials in late capitalism and calls into question development paradigms, notably the hegemonic infrastructure-led development regime, that have sustained Africa's financial dependency into the 2020s. As the International Monetary Fund is yet again shuttling between Addis Ababa, Lusaka, and Nairobi to resurrect fiscal discipline and to ensure debtor compliance for the post-pandemic ‘payback period', it is argued that (i) periodic cycles of debt financing, debt distress and structural adjustment are a systemic feature of the malintegration of Africa into the global capitalist economy, and (ii) critical research on the social costs and economic beneficiaries of renewed rounds of austerity and privatisation in Africa’s current debt cycle is needed.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 173-183
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1950669
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1950669
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:173-183
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Nuno Castel-Branco
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Castel-Branco
Author-Name: Diogo Maia
Author-X-Name-First: Diogo
Author-X-Name-Last: Maia
Title: Financialisation, narrow specialisation of production and capital accumulation in Mozambique
Abstract:
The article argues that the historical conditions under which national capitalism developed in post-independence Mozambique pushed the economy towards growing financialisation and narrower specialisation of production around increasingly basic and simple activities. In post-independence Mozambique, national capitalism rose from the ashes of state-centred accumulation built around the dominant social structures of production inherited from colonialism, under the impulse of neoliberal economic reforms and heavy dependency on inflows of private international finance. The speculative dynamics of accumulation prevented diversification and more complex industrialisation which, in turn, reinforced the role of financialisation as a means to and form of accumulation of capital. The paper argues that changing these dynamics of accumulation requires conscious industrial strategies focused on diversification and articulation of production, which cannot be achieved without challenging the extractive mode of accumulation and the power relationships associated with it.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 46-66
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2049143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2049143
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:46-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter by entering their email address at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 197-199
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2047304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2047304
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:197-199
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Nuno Castel-Branco
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Castel-Branco
Title: The historical logic of the mode of capital accumulation in Mozambique
Abstract:
This article critically analyses the political economy dynamics and trajectory of the mode of capital accumulation in post-independence Mozambique, focusing on the capitalist restructuring that followed the adoption of the Washington Consensus from the late 1980s. The article highlights the main structural characteristics, dynamics and tensions in the economy, the relationships and conflicts that explain why they reproduce and expand, what makes them change and the nature of the crises that emerge. The historical logic of the mode of capital accumulation is explored focusing on the historically built and class-structured conditions of capital accumulation, highlighting linkagency, which is the dynamic relationship between agents and linkages. The historically specific traits of the mode of accumulation in Mozambique are derived from the structures of accumulation and class struggle conditions, both domestic and international. The argument is that the recent trajectory of the Mozambican economy was not inevitable, and that it can be logically understood and derived from the existing historical conditions of accumulation. Understanding this historical logic enables us to articulate socially transformative actions which are drawn from the objective and concrete analysis of the mode of accumulation and its contradictions, countering idealistic perspectives in political economy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 11-45
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2040225
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2040225
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Sofia Ganho
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganho
Title: Class, politics and dynamic accumulation processes around the Sino-Mozambican rice project in the lower Limpopo, 2005–2014
Abstract:
This study levels an international political economy lens at the development of the Sino-Mozambican rice project in the lower Limpopo, by examining how class relations shaped and were shaped by global trends, Chinese resources and Mozambican dynamic accumulation interests. The Sino-Mozambican rice project (2005–2014) is analysed as three projects benefiting different groups, with a focus on producer selection and allocation of means of production, in dialogue with the historical dynamics of agrarian accumulation and the political economy of Mozambique. The paper argues that the project has served the expansionist interests of the ruling capitalist group associated with central government circles, limiting land-based possibilities at province level. In addition, the plan to locally transform small producers into rural capitalists through ‘modern’ Chinese methods has failed to confront the historical interdependence of the commercial and so-called family sectors and the diversity of livelihood sources for the reproduction of food and labour.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-137
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2050557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2050557
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:107-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Chamekh
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamekh
Title: Postcolonial security: Britain, France, and West Africa’s Cold War
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 192-194
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1998987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1998987
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:192-194
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophia Hayat Taha
Author-X-Name-First: Sophia Hayat
Author-X-Name-Last: Taha
Title: Migration beyond capitalism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 194-196
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2049146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2049146
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:194-196
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Muianga
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Muianga
Title: The expansion of capitalist agricultural production and social reproduction of rural labour: contradictions within the logic of capital accumulation in Mozambique
Abstract:
In Mozambique, policy discourses supporting the expansion of large-scale capitalist agriculture have largely focused on its potential to increase agricultural production and productivity. In particular, they have highlighted the potential contribution to rural employment and income, and their impacts on poverty reduction. Yet in focusing narrowly on these dynamics, they have ignored the contradictions of social reproduction of labour often associated with the expansion of capitalist production. This paper explores these contradictions by considering primary and secondary evidence from two contexts of expansion of large-scale capitalist agriculture in Mozambique. It argues that these contradictions have manifested in diverse forms, reflecting the extent to which forms of expansion and (re)organisation of sectors of capitalist agricultural production, and the associated forms of labour exploitation, have affected different spheres of social reproduction of labour in these contexts. Moreover, the paper suggests, they have reproduced more broadly, as the expansion/intensification of the extractive logic of accumulation has compromised ‘alternative’ spaces of social reproduction.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 87-106
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2036485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2036485
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:87-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ewa Karwowski
Author-X-Name-First: Ewa
Author-X-Name-Last: Karwowski
Title: Commercial finance for development: a back door for financialisation
Abstract:
The global Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated a trend under way for the last decade: the enlistment of private-sector commercial finance for development. This finance can be brought in through (1) regular cross-border flows, (2) blended finance and (3) impact bonds. This briefing argues that intensified foreign financial inflows are likely to draw African economies further into financialisation, which increases financial instability and can undermine the democratic process, jeopardising just socio-economic development. Specifically, the short-termism of portfolio flows requires costly reserve accumulation, foreign direct investment exposes firms to demands for shareholder value generation, and external debt introduces exchange rate risk for domestic borrowers.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 161-172
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1912722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1912722
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:161-172
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Nuno Castel-Branco
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Castel-Branco
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Mozambique – neither miracle nor mirage
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-10
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2047297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2047297
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:1-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rosimina Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Rosimina
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: Sara Stevano
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevano
Title: Work in agro-industry and the social reproduction of labour in Mozambique: contradictions in the current accumulation system
Abstract:
This article discusses the tensions between job creation and employment quality in the system of accumulation in Mozambique. Addressing job quality is central because Mozambique’s economic structure has mostly failed to generate stable work and pay and dignified working conditions. However, this is neglected in the mainstream view of labour markets, which is dominated by dualisms and limited by its blind spot regarding social reproduction. The authors follow a political economy approach informed by a social reproduction lens and draw on original primary evidence on agro-industries. They argue that low-quality jobs reflect the current mode of organisation of production, in which companies’ profitability depends on access to cheap and disposable labour and relies on workers’ ability to engage in multiple, interdependent paid and unpaid forms of work to sustain themselves. Unless the co-constitutive interrelations between production and reproduction are understood and addressed, the fragmentation of livelihoods will intensify the social system crisis.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 67-86
Issue: 171
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.1990624
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.1990624
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:171:p:67-86
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 365-368
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2084883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2084883
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:365-368
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mondli Hlatshwayo
Author-X-Name-First: Mondli
Author-X-Name-Last: Hlatshwayo
Title: Social movements as learning spaces: the case of the defunct Anti-Privatisation Forum in South Africa
Abstract:
Social movements often become spaces for learning, although this type of learning has been overlooked by activists and scholars alike. Analysing the case of the collapsed Anti-Privatisation Forum (APF), the article submits that the APF was not only an organisation that challenged privatisation, but also a learning space for activists from middle-class and working-class backgrounds. Non-formal educational platforms, such as political education workshops, organisational and practical skill training sessions and campaigns organised by the APF and its partner organisations, were instrumental in transferring skills to community-based activists. After the demise of the APF, its activists applied the skills and competences they had acquired to continue advancing social and economic justice in other organisations. Furthermore, community-based activists educated middle-class activists about the conditions of working-class communities and the challenges of building working-class movements in post-apartheid South Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 209-225
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1962838
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1962838
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:209-225
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian John Makgala
Author-X-Name-First: Christian John
Author-X-Name-Last: Makgala
Author-Name: Ikanyeng Stonto Malila
Author-X-Name-First: Ikanyeng Stonto
Author-X-Name-Last: Malila
Title: Challenges of constitutional reform, economic transformation and Covid-19 in Botswana
Abstract:
Botswana’s much-lauded economic boom was accompanied by a disproportionately powerful presidency, poverty, significant economic inequities, elite corruption and rising unemployment. Mokgweetsi Masisi succeeded Ian Khama as president of the long-ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) in 2018. He won the 2019 election on a platform of constitutional reform and economic transformation, but the rift between Masisi and Khama appeared to dissuade Masisi from pursuing the much-touted constitutional reform. Masisi needed the ‘blank cheque constitution’ to deploy the state apparatus in his personal war of attrition with the fearsome Khama. During the Covid-19 outbreak, however, civil society put pressure on Masisi to go beyond idle customary rhetoric and make a commitment to constitutional reform.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 303-314
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2078559
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2078559
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:303-314
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Transition now? Another coup d’état in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
The briefing explores the dynamics underpinning the coup d’état in Burkina Faso that took place on 24 to 25 January 2022. It does so by discussing the putschists’ justification to fight threats by non-state armed groups and situates the coup in the history of Burkina Faso. Since formal independence the country has been characterised by strikes, military coups and constitutional referendums. In contrast to 2015, however, when broad popular resistance forced a group of military putschists out of office after only a few days, the trade unions and mass organisations this time do not mobilise active resistance, though in principle they oppose military coups. The briefing raises questions regarding whether the ‘transition phase’ will deliver any substantial change, what might be seen as legitimate forms of regime change, and what the character of political authority is in Burkina Faso, how it might be delivered and by whom.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 315-326
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2075127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2075127
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:315-326
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Title: Climate catastrophe: the struggle continues
Abstract:
Climate changes are disproportionately affecting Africa. In this outstanding book, employing a political economy analysis, Jonathan Neale shows how the global crisis might be averted. A forensic examination of the way that fossil fuels are implicated, and how use of them could be diminished in favour of investing in renewable energy, is allied to a consideration of the political forces which might be marshalled against the energy corporates which profit from potential tragedy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 355-360
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2083316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2083316
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:355-360
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olayinka Ajala
Author-X-Name-First: Olayinka
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajala
Title: Evolution and decline: transformation of social movements in Nigeria
Abstract:
Despite the rising academic scholarship on democracy, particularly the role played by social movements in entrenching democracy in Africa, few studies have explored the transformation of social movements after they have achieved (or come close to achieving) their stated goals. Using a case study of the Oodua Peoples Congress in Nigeria, this study argues that social movements in Africa lack the capacity to transform and often become partisan or disintegrate. The study concludes that the unique characteristics of African politics, coupled with the inability of social movements to maintain public support after initial gains, eventually weaken the movements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 246-263
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1996344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1996344
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:246-263
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Bekker
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bekker
Title: Language of the unheard: police-recorded protests in South Africa, 1997–2013
Abstract:
South Africa remains beset by protest. Notwithstanding an impressive literature, quantifying protests remains problematic; most attempts extrapolate from samples or media-derived data sets. Applying machine learning to the world’s largest publicly available, single-country public-event database – the South African Police Service’s Incident Registration Information System – the article classifies 150,000 events into type and levels of ‘tumult’. The author provides the first holistic picture of all police-reported protest in South Africa over a given period (1997–2013), showing a count increase (partly confirming the ‘rebellion of the poor’ thesis), while more nuanced measures (i.e. protestors per capita) demonstrate a less urban and tumultuous phenomenon than previously theorised.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 226-245
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2021.1953976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2021.1953976
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:226-245
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Osaze Omoragbon
Author-X-Name-First: Osaze
Author-X-Name-Last: Omoragbon
Author-Name: Nafisatu Irene Okhade
Author-X-Name-First: Nafisatu Irene
Author-X-Name-Last: Okhade
Title: Elections, constituency consultation and political representation in Boko Haram-affected areas in Nigeria
Abstract:
The Boko Haram insurgency has taken a toll on life in North East Nigeria. This briefing explores the impact of the conflict on elections, constituency consultation and political representation in affected areas. Using data on parliamentary recess, we estimate federal legislators’ consultation time and argue that the insurgency is a setback for participatory democracy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 327-338
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2042800
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2042800
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:327-338
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terrence Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Terrence
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Author-Name: Aly Verjee
Author-X-Name-First: Aly
Author-X-Name-Last: Verjee
Title: Asymmetric electoral authoritarianism? The case of the 2021 elections in Ethiopia
Abstract:
Ethiopia’s 2021 elections have been overshadowed by the brutal civil war that has raged since November 2020. The elections may not have been competitive but they reveal important dynamics about institutions and the competition for power in Africa’s second most populous state. These were the first elections under Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, who came to power in 2018 insisting that legitimacy comes through elections. By 2021, however, repression and boycotts resulted in the ruling party winning 97% of the seats where voting took place. Beneath this national result were patterns of asymmetric electoral authoritarianism. Some regions experienced heavy-handed political domination and voting with only the ruling party competing. Others had circumscribed political space and opportunities for the opposition to win votes. Local dynamics challenge assessments that only look at the national outcome, missing important differences between types of electoral authoritarianism.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 339-354
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2037540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2037540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:339-354
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe Pateman
Author-X-Name-First: Joe
Author-X-Name-Last: Pateman
Title: The centrality of Africa in Lenin’s theory of imperialism
Abstract:
Lenin’s Marxist theories have aided both African anti-imperialist struggles and the study of African political economy. Recently, however, some scholars have reinvigorated the postcolonial critique of Marxism as a Eurocentric doctrine, one that misunderstands and marginalises Africa and its peoples. Following Cedric Robinson, several analysts mention Lenin alongside Marx and Engels as a founder of Eurocentric Marxism. This article, by contrast, argues that Lenin displayed a deep concern for Africa, one that was fundamentally non-Eurocentric. Lenin researched Africa extensively in his Notebooks on imperialism. Upon the basis of this research, Lenin placed Africa at the centre of his analysis in Imperialism: the highest stage of capitalism. It is impossible to understand the insights of Lenin’s theory of imperialism without appreciating Africa’s centrality within it. Although Lenin displayed the racist views of Africa that dominated his era, these were marginal in his thought. Lenin militantly opposed colonialism and supported African independence.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 287-302
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2026765
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2026765
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:287-302
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Coulson
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Coulson
Title: Improvement and change in rural Tanzania
Abstract:
The reviewed book is a collection of studies of rural villages in Tanzania over periods of 20 years or more. Many of the villages changed dramatically in that period, and many of the villagers were able to improve their lives. However, the ways that assets in rural areas are treated in both Household Budget Surveys and GDP figures does not fully reflect these changes, leading, all too easily, to underestimations of the potentials for improvement in villages such as these in rural Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 361-364
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2083311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2083311
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:361-364
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahenda Suliman
Author-X-Name-First: Shahenda
Author-X-Name-Last: Suliman
Title: Minimal hegemony in Sudan: exploring the rise and fall of the National Islamic Front
Abstract:
This article adopts a Gramscian approach to exploring the political economy behind the rise and fall of the National Islamic Front (NIF) in Sudan. It traces the NIF’s rise from the 1960s, with particular attention to the class character of its hegemonic project and shifting ideology. Reading its reign through the lens of minimal hegemony, it critically explores how neoliberal restructuring produced a narrow but powerful ruling bloc at the expense and marginalisation of different social groups, and how shifts in international relations intertwined with social transformations across Sudan to reproduce new forms of dependency. Paying attention to the uneven nature of capitalist development and resulting antagonisms during this period, it explores why the NIF was unable to forge an integral hegemony, ending with the crisis of authority that overthrew Bashir and the emergence of social forces that continue to contest its cultural, political and economic project.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 264-286
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2077095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2077095
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:264-286
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Popular struggles and the search for alternative democracies
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 201-208
Issue: 172
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2085886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2085886
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:172:p:201-208
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
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Author-Name: Nataliya Mykhalchenko
Author-X-Name-First: Nataliya
Author-X-Name-Last: Mykhalchenko
Author-Name: Jörg Wiegratz
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegratz
Title: Anti-fraud measures in Western Africa and commentary on research findings across the three regions analysed
Abstract:
This briefing explores anti-fraud measures (AFMs) in Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. This is the last of three Briefings which examine the characteristics of AFMs across Africa. The findings confirm our earlier analyses concerning major anti-fraud measure drivers, actors, tools and controversies. These measures link matters of corporate competition, branding, consumer protection, industrial policy, capitalism and national politics, and are by now a component of economic policy and governance of various African states. A reflection on the data presented across the three Briefings concludes, and marks the end of the series.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 472-486
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2093634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2093634
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Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Chinedu Chukwudinma
Author-X-Name-First: Chinedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chukwudinma
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 520-522
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2117921
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2117921
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Author-Name: Niamh Gaynor
Author-X-Name-First: Niamh
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaynor
Title: Africa’s lion economies and their gendered impacts: lessons from Asia
Abstract:
This Debate addresses the ‘Eastern turn’ in policy and direction among Africa’s fast growing lion economies. It focuses in particular on recent recommendations in the African political economy literature for a reorientation in investment towards low-wage, labour-intensive manufacturing industries. Drawing on relevant empirical studies from Asia, it argues that there are significant gendered implications to this Eastern turn which, to date, have largely been ignored in the mainstream African literature. A widening of discourse and policy in ways that move beyond ‘add women and stir’ approaches, to address broader structural constraints to women’s economic participation, is recommended.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 498-506
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2047632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2047632
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Author-Name: Lee Wengraf
Author-X-Name-First: Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Wengraf
Title: The climate emergency in Africa: crisis, ‘solutions’ and resistance
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 392-394
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2133205
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2133205
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Author-Name: Tapiwa Madimu
Author-X-Name-First: Tapiwa
Author-X-Name-Last: Madimu
Title: ‘Illegal’ gold mining and the everyday in post-apartheid South Africa
Abstract:
This paper examines unregulated gold-mining activities prevalent at disused mines and decommissioned shafts at operating mines in post-apartheid South Africa. This kind of mining is deemed illegal by the government since it is outside the parameters of the country’s main mining legislation. The author uses the concept of ‘the everyday’ to examine the daily living patterns and work operations of unregulated miners (zama-zamas) to fully understand their real world, beyond what is peddled by the state, and to argue that unregulated mining activities are orderly and make a significant contribution to the livelihoods of thousands of people in South Africa and the subregion. A thorough examination of their daily work and leisure routines sheds more light on their actual world, which has till now been obscured by government and media reports that emphasise the ‘illegal’ and violent aspects while remaining mute on the positive elements.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 436-451
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2027750
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2027750
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# input file: CREA_A_2154012_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Reginald Cline-Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Reginald
Author-X-Name-Last: Cline-Cole
Title: Capitalist crises and unstable global and national orders?
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 369-389
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2154012
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2154012
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Author-Name: Phillan Zamchiya
Author-X-Name-First: Phillan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamchiya
Title: Mining, capital and dispossession in post-apartheid South Africa
Abstract:
Some Marxist political economists use accumulation by dispossession to explain processes in which natural resources are enclosed and their users dispossessed through extra-economic means. However, accumulation by dispossession takes an overly omnibus and materialistic approach in trying to cover a wide range of global processes. This article therefore distils accumulation by dispossession’s three central features of coercion, non-voluntary consent and corruption to enhance its local explanatory power of material and incorporeal dispossession in post-apartheid South Africa. This approach magnifies how a triumvirate of traditional leaders, state officials and Ivanplats platinum mine dispossessed people living on customary land in Limpopo, with detrimental effects.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 417-435
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2098008
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2098008
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Author-Name: Paul Hezekiah Omeh
Author-X-Name-First: Paul Hezekiah
Author-X-Name-Last: Omeh
Author-Name: Ifeanyichukwu Michael Abada
Author-X-Name-First: Ifeanyichukwu Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Abada
Author-Name: Celestine Chijioke Onah
Author-X-Name-First: Celestine Chijioke
Author-X-Name-Last: Onah
Author-Name: Ngozika Josephine Anozie
Author-X-Name-First: Ngozika Josephine
Author-X-Name-Last: Anozie
Author-Name: Benjamin Amujiri
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Amujiri
Title: Bilateral trade and politico-administrative border relations in Africa: an analysis of the case of Nigeria and Benin Republic
Abstract:
Bilateral formal trade relations between Nigeria and the Republic of Benin have increased significantly in the last 10 years. There has also been an increase in the smuggling of contraband goods due to the porous borders. This briefing explores the nexus between bilateral trade and politico-administrative border relations between the two countries. It interrogates the character of the border relations and consequences for the political economy of trade. The briefing highlights that border politics drive formal and informal trade relations. It also highlights other drivers of illegal activities in the border areas, including the cultural affinity between inhabitants living within the contiguous borders, and compromised government officials.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 487-497
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2109012
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2109012
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Author-Name: Musa Nxele
Author-X-Name-First: Musa
Author-X-Name-Last: Nxele
Title: Crony capitalist deals and investment in South Africa’s platinum belt: a case study of Anglo American Platinum’s scramble for mining rights, 1995–2019
Abstract:
This article analyses how crony capitalism emerges as a solution to maintaining investment in platinum mining. Using a case study of platinum, the analytic narrative exploits the quasi-experimental design provided by the nationalisation of mineral rights to evaluate the relationship between mining investment and crony capitalism. Does the policy have the effects intended? This article argues that the answer is no because of the cronyism between mining capital and politically connected black elites. The institutionalisation of cronyism, coupled with low economic growth and shrinking market-based black economic empowerment opportunities, bolstered and legitimised capture of the state. The system of cronyism produced limited investment and limited black productive capital. Poor mining communities and mine workers have suffered from this cronyism, but have recently organised their power to control the operating environment, or the ‘social licence’ to operate.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 395-416
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2098009
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2098009
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:173:p:395-416
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Author-Name: Prolific S. Mataruse
Author-X-Name-First: Prolific S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mataruse
Author-Name: Sally Matthews
Author-X-Name-First: Sally
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews
Title: Commercialising the struggle: the organisational and ideological effects of democracy assistance on opposition activism in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
One of the ways in which opposition activists in Zimbabwe receive funding is through democracy assistance. Focusing on the late 1990s to 2016, this article explores the effect the receipt of such aid had on the ways in which opposition activists organise and on their ideological orientation. The authors show that the availability of such funds contributed to the commercialisation of the struggle whereby opposition activists began to view activism as a way to earn a living. Furthermore, this funding led to a decline in trust, passion and voluntarism among opposition activists. And, finally, dependence on foreign funding resulted in ideological shifts in Zimbabwean opposition parties and organisations whereby radical, left-leaning positions were abandoned in order to secure funding. The authors suggest that local strategies for funding such struggles for democracy must be given greater consideration to promote transformational possibilities and new participatory forms of democracy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 452-471
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2026314
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2026314
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Author-Name: Claire A. Amuhaya
Author-X-Name-First: Claire A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Amuhaya
Author-Name: Denis A. Degterev
Author-X-Name-First: Denis A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Degterev
Title: Development of the Blue Economy concept in Eastern Africa: strategic frameworks and a simmering conflict
Abstract:
Eastern African small island states played a role in advancing the ‘Blue Economy’ concept prior to the Rio+20 summit in 2012, when it emerged on a global stage. As their main concern they cited threats caused by climate change to marine life, on which they are highly dependent. This briefing explores the uneven development of the various national policies geared towards the concept. It notes an emphasis on economic policies neglecting climate change and dispute settlement policies, and identifies a need for the development of an all-encompassing regional approach to maximise Blue Economy benefits in Eastern Africa.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 507-519
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2042239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2042239
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Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ruth First Prize
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 390-391
Issue: 173
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2117493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2117493
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:49:y:2022:i:173:p:390-391
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Author-Name: Isaac Abotebuno Akolgo
Author-X-Name-First: Isaac Abotebuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Akolgo
Title: Collapsing banks and the cost of finance capitalism in Ghana
Abstract:
This briefing explains Ghana’s recent banking sector failures and renewed debt crisis as consequences of its uneven and deleterious integration into the global capitalist financial system, a situation that critical scholars in international political economy call international financial subordination.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 624-633
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2044300
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2044300
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Author-Name: Noam Chen-Zion
Author-X-Name-First: Noam
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen-Zion
Title: Caught in Europe’s net: ecological destruction and Senegalese migration to Spain
Abstract:
Since the beginning of the 21st century, Europe has seen a substantial increase in undocumented economic migration from West Africa. Dominant public discourse on this migration wave fails to identify its underlying drivers. This article analyses contemporary migration within the structure of modern imperialism, demonstrating how European extraction of wealth and resources from West Africa fosters migration. Imperial expropriation is made concrete through a case study of Senegalese fishers now living in Badalona, Spain. Drawing on their life histories and situating their trajectories within the broader context of Senegalese economic history, this article argues that they were pushed to migrate largely due to industrial fishing fleets draining West African marine life. In Spain, a regime of illegality has coerced these Senegalese fishers into highly exploitative sectors, to the tremendous benefit of Spanish capital. Their ceaseless struggle to work under such violent conditions can only be explained by the need to sustain their impoverished families in Senegal.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 584-600
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2186599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2186599
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Author-Name: Francis Nyonzo
Author-X-Name-First: Francis
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyonzo
Title: Tanzania’s solidarity tax
Abstract:
Financial services are important for development. Most people in developing countries lack access to financial services. The availability of financial services on mobile phones has made these services accessible to people who previously lacked access. Economists have recommended that infrastructure and tax systems be improved in order to enable more people to benefit from mobile financial services. However, in 2021 the Tanzanian government introduced levies on mobile transactions and airtime, which increased the costs of transactions, contrary to the advice of economists. This briefing discusses the taxes on mobile money transactions and their economic legitimacy, considering the fact that the country was not in an emergency and that there are revenue losses.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 643-651
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2138308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2138308
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Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume Index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 655-659
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2207962
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2207962
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Author-Name: Tarila Marclint Ebiede
Author-X-Name-First: Tarila Marclint
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebiede
Title: How armed militancy transformed power relations in the oil communities of Nigeria’s Niger Delta
Abstract:
This article analyses the dynamics of conflicts in local communities in the Niger Delta. The article argues that militants associated with armed groups gained significant power in communities due to their dominant roles in the persistent violent conflicts that have plagued the Niger Delta over the last two decades. This is evident in how those associated with armed militant groups influence and control community governance institutions in the region. However, people who are not aligned with militia groups are beginning to challenge the hegemony of those associated with militia groups. This process defines the prevailing dynamics of power relations in the area.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 569-583
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2185880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2185880
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Author-Name: Osama Diab
Author-X-Name-First: Osama
Author-X-Name-Last: Diab
Title: The role of subordinate financialisation in Egypt’s employment crisis
Abstract:
Studies of financialisation have largely ignored its impact in global south contexts. This briefing, therefore, adopts the ‘subordinate financialisation’ framework to study the impact of growing financialisation in Egypt, using primary data on the financial sector, employment and capital formation. To avoid the shortcomings of methodological nationalism, this briefing stresses the global south and historical dimensions of Egypt’s subordinate financialisation. The briefing concludes that traditional policy intervention, including progressive countercyclical measures, is unlikely to counterbalance the adverse effects of this extractive variety of financialisation due to its non-cyclical nature.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 634-642
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2151358
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2151358
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# input file: CREA_A_2201111_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Chinedu Chukwudinma
Author-X-Name-First: Chinedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chukwudinma
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 652-654
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2201111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2201111
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Author-Name: Buhari Shehu Miapyen
Author-X-Name-First: Buhari Shehu
Author-X-Name-Last: Miapyen
Author-Name: Umut Bozkurt
Author-X-Name-First: Umut
Author-X-Name-Last: Bozkurt
Title: Racial capitalism and capitalism in Africa: the utility and limits of Cedric Robinson’s perspective
Abstract:
This debate discusses the analytical utility of Cedric Robinson’s perspective on capitalism and its mode of accumulation in Africa. It identifies the important uses of Robinson’s approach and the concept of racialism. The debate also explores a major limitation of his framing of the effects of capitalism in Europe and the world beyond it.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 611-623
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2075722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2022.2075722
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Author-Name: Tom Gillespie
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillespie
Author-Name: Seth Schindler
Author-X-Name-First: Seth
Author-X-Name-Last: Schindler
Title: Africa’s new urban spaces: deindustrialisation, infrastructure-led development and real estate frontiers
Abstract:
Many African governments have embraced centralised spatial planning and the construction of large-scale connective infrastructure as a means to synergise industrialisation and functional urban development. This article examines the tensions between these economic and urban development objectives in Ghana and Kenya. Infrastructure-led development in both cases has fuelled extended and unplanned urbanisation and the production of new frontiers for real estate investment. However, the evidence indicates that it has failed to contribute to processes of structural transformation. This argument advances debates about the tensions between supply chain and rentier capitalism and problematises the assumed relationship between infrastructure-led development and industrialisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 531-549
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2171284
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# input file: CREA_A_2176095_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hannah Cross
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross
Title: Migration, Europe, and the question of political and economic sovereignty in Africa
Abstract:
This debate piece argues for the importance of labour internationalism and anti-imperialism in the anti-racist defence of migrants. A focus on the Sahel region shows some of the ways that core European states militarily, economically and politically undermine countries’ potential for self-determination. Border regimes, their modes of accumulation and selective labour policies expand militarism, social division and inequality between and within the regions. Challenges to these processes of global apartheid require attention to the national question and rejection of European imperialism, as indicated in recent pan-African calls for independence and popular sovereignty. This materialist analysis of migration in capitalism presents a basis for demanding equality of movement and the freedom and equality of societies facing capitalism-induced displacement.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 601-610
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2176095
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# input file: CREA_A_2194164_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Aloysius-Michaels Okolie
Author-X-Name-First: Aloysius-Michaels
Author-X-Name-Last: Okolie
Author-Name: Kelechi Elijah Nnamani
Author-X-Name-First: Kelechi Elijah
Author-X-Name-Last: Nnamani
Author-Name: Chikodiri Nwangwu
Author-X-Name-First: Chikodiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Nwangwu
Author-Name: Humphrey Nwobodo Agbo
Author-X-Name-First: Humphrey Nwobodo
Author-X-Name-Last: Agbo
Author-Name: Chinedu Cyril Ike
Author-X-Name-First: Chinedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Cyril Ike
Title: Public procurement law, political economy of the lowest responsive bidding, and the development of the water, sanitation and hygiene sector in Nigeria
Abstract:
This study challenges the argument that the non-enforceability of the procurement law is the bane of infrastructural development in Nigeria. Focusing on the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector, the article argues that various attempts at procurement regulation were in fact moves to expand capital accumulation in the service delivery sector. Highly placed individuals leverage the lowest responsive bidding mechanism to engage in sharp practices which undermine the development of the WASH sector in the country. Given the prevailing scenario which presents the state, its institutions and laws – including the procurement legislation – as instruments in the hands of the dominant social forces, any investments in and attempts at rule enforcement tend to produce only minimal outcomes.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 550-568
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2194164
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# input file: CREA_A_2204035_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Peter Lawrence
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawrence
Title: The return of recession, debt and structural adjustment
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 523-530
Issue: 174
Volume: 49
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2022.2204035
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# input file: CREA_A_2190453_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Osama Diab
Author-X-Name-First: Osama
Author-X-Name-Last: Diab
Title: Africa’s unequal balance
Abstract:
Using flows of biophysical resources between countries, new research has defied conventional methods of analysing trade in terms of cash flows. Labelled ‘ecologically unequal exchange’, this research quantifies net resource transfers from global South to global North countries. This article explores the unequal exchange implications for Africa as a primary exporter of physical resources, and hence one of the biggest losers from ecologically unequal exchange. As well as ecologically unequal exchange, the article employs the Prebisch–Singer hypothesis and the Growing Smile model to argue against export-oriented industrialisation models of development, and for the political restructuring of the uneven global value regime.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 116-124
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2190453
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# input file: CREA_A_2174846_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Luke A. Amadi
Author-X-Name-First: Luke A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Amadi
Author-Name: Fidelis Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Fidelis
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Author-Name: Zainab L. Mai-Bornu
Author-X-Name-First: Zainab L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mai-Bornu
Title: Democracy, separatist agitation and militarised state response in South East Nigeria
Abstract:
This briefing revisits the dynamics of post-civil-war agitation for a separate state arising from Nigerian state repression in Africa’s largest democracy. It analyses uncertainties among many Nigerians in the south-east of the country and focuses on the recent experience of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB), a group agitating for a republic of Biafra. It argues for a more democratic order that legitimises equality and social justice as organising principles of democracy.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 125-137
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2174846
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# input file: CREA_A_2240674_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: Africa Development
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 138-142
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2240674
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# input file: CREA_A_2240676_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Reem Abou-El-Fadl
Author-X-Name-First: Reem
Author-X-Name-Last: Abou-El-Fadl
Title: Helmi Sharawy (1935–2023)
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 90-95
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2240676
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# input file: CREA_A_2192343_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Stefan Bakumenko
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakumenko
Title: Predatory economics fuelling insecurity: violence and the commodification of labour in South Sudan
Abstract:
This article explores how predatory economic processes play out in South Sudan, particularly in fuelling conflict and competition. It posits that issues of personal wealth and communal patronage are just as essential to understanding the conflict as politics, ideology and personal animosities. The article highlights the structural incentives for coercive economics and the commodification of labour. Exploring two case studies, it analyses how contests over the vital oil and cattle industries create insecurity in South Sudan, outlining the actors, methods and incentives involved in this economic violence. It concludes with opportunities for further research.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 9-25
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2192343
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# input file: CREA_A_2190452_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: James Musonda
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Musonda
Title: He who laughs last laughs the loudest: the 2021 donchi-kubeba (don’t tell) elections in Zambia
Abstract:
Most Africanist scholars stress the importance of clientelism in determining electoral outcomes and patrimonialism and the use of force in enabling ruling parties to prolong their stay in power. This article, which draws upon various instances of participant observation and interviews regarding the 2021 elections in Zambia, contributes to the few studies that emphasise the limits of clientelism and patrimonialism in African politics and the agency of voters or subordinate groups to hold their leaders accountable. It does so by showing how Zambian voters sought to secure benefits from clientelist campaigns, patrimonial rule and trade union campaigns to win changes in state policies, publicly promising reciprocity and loyalty when under the gaze of the ruling party actors, only to vote them out of power.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 71-89
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2190452
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# input file: CREA_A_2192344_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Surulola Eke
Author-X-Name-First: Surulola
Author-X-Name-Last: Eke
Title: Nahu-kparilim (cattle caretakership): understanding the persistence of unfree Fulani labour and the (non)violent renegotiation of power relations in agrarian economies in northern Ghana
Abstract:
This article focuses on how Fulani outsider status, often maintained through several generations, constitutes the basis for unequal labour, land and associated relations. It discusses how static forms of ‘fixed’ citizenship and socioeconomic immobility both maintain and intensify labour precarity, rendering the Fulani more vulnerable to the whims, caprices and avarice of their native ‘overlords’, as evidenced by the practice of nahu-kparilim in Ghana. The article’s main interest is thus land and labour injustice rather than pastoral production and related livelihood activities. Integrating the theories of unfreedom, social reproduction and subalternity, the article contributes to unfree labour studies by demonstrating that despite being constrained in complex ways, unfree labourers have the agency to renegotiate power relations. This advances the idea of unfree labourers’ agency which, in comparison to their immiseration, receives less attention in scholarship on unfreedom.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 49-70
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2192344
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# input file: CREA_A_2196714_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Fana Gebresenbet
Author-X-Name-First: Fana
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebresenbet
Author-Name: Yonas Tariku
Author-X-Name-First: Yonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Tariku
Title: The Pretoria Agreement: mere cessation of hostilities or heralding a new era in Ethiopia?
Abstract:
On 2 November 2022, welcome news came from Pretoria, South Africa. After 10 days of negotiations, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) signed a Cessation of Hostilities Agreement. This piece situates the importance of the war, and more importantly the agreement, within the longue durée of Ethiopian politics and highlights its importance as a turning point marking the end of the era of the dominance of the TPLF and the beginning of the end of ethno-nationalism's hegemonic centrality to national politics, including at the expense of the Ethiopian state.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 96-106
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2196714
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# input file: CREA_A_2174691_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gennaro Gervasio
Author-X-Name-First: Gennaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Gervasio
Author-Name: Andrea Teti
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Teti
Title: Gramsci’s ‘Southern Question’ and Egypt’s authoritarian retrenchment: subalternity and the disruption of activist agency
Abstract:
Explanations of the authoritarian retrenchment after Egypt’s 2011 Revolution invoke either the regime’s repressive advantage over ‘leaderless’ mobilisation and civic activists, or insufficient preparations and radicalism on the part of opposition groups. Both explanations are unsatisfactory. First, because despite being ‘reformist’, opposition groups’ demands were perceived as radical challenges to regimes before, during and after the uprisings. Second, because appeals to regimes’ coercive capacity contradict explanations of opponents’ rise to prominence before the uprisings: if activists eroded Egypt’s authoritarian regime before 2011, what made them unable to continue doing so afterwards? Conversely, if activists’ agency was effective before 2011 despite gross imbalances in coercive capacity, then those imbalances alone cannot explain activists’ post-revolutionary decline. In short, if activists’ agency cannot be denied before Egypt’s ‘eighteen days’, it must be accounted for in their aftermath. To do this, the authors draw on Gramsci’s original texts and Italian-language scholarship to develop his neglected notion of disgregazione.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 26-48
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2174691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2174691
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# input file: CREA_A_2240675_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Keeping eyes on Sudan – keeping eyes on austerity
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 1-8
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2240675
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# input file: CREA_A_2181062_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Martin Bekker
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bekker
Title: The EFF as a ‘gateway party’? Briefing based on data from the 2021 South African local government elections
Abstract:
This briefing offers three contributions concerning the voter profile of the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), as witnessed at the 2021 elections in South Africa. The first is that the party’s support base is relatively well educated (compared to the ruling African National Congress). Second, well over 10% of party support comes from relatively high earners, as measured by income levels. Finally, EFF support appears notably ‘fluid’, as indicated by voters switching support to the EFF (mostly from the ANC) and away from the EFF (mostly towards smaller parties), ultimately suggesting an image of the EFF as a ‘gateway party’.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 107-115
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2181062
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# input file: CREA_A_2239084_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Chinedu Chukwudinma
Author-X-Name-First: Chinedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chukwudinma
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 143-145
Issue: 175
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2239084
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2239084
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Author-Name: Jon Abbink
Author-X-Name-First: Jon
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbink
Title: Evaluating the Pretoria Agreement: the limitations of presentist analysis of conflicts in Ethiopia
Abstract:
This debate piece contains an assessment of the debate on the ‘Pretoria Agreement’ (or Cessation of Hostilities Agreement) concluded on 2 November 2022 regarding the armed conflict in Ethiopia. On the basis of a critical discussion of a paper by F. Gebresenbet and Y. Tariku (2023) published in the Spring issue of the Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE), the author here contests the short-term analysis of the authors, who miss essential points of the wider context of political conflict in Ethiopia and also scholastically misrepresent some other authors in the debate.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 234-242
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2270871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2270871
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# input file: CREA_A_2246276_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Vincent Chenzi
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Chenzi
Author-Name: Admire Ndamba
Author-X-Name-First: Admire
Author-X-Name-Last: Ndamba
Title: Surviving the Covid-19 lockdown: Zimbabwe’s informal sector, 2020–2021
Abstract:
This briefing explores the strategies deployed by informal workers in Harare during Zimbabwe’s Covid-19 lockdown period. It argues that informal workers responded to the lockdown regulations by embracing survival and accumulation strategies which had broader implications for the African continent by ultimately shaping patterns of public health, inequality, authoritarianism and corruption. The briefing provides an example of the consequences when African states unthinkingly imposed unsolicited Covid-19 restrictions that had the unintended effect of devastating a vital part of their economy and with it, the livelihoods of the poorest majority.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 261-271
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2246276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2246276
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# input file: CREA_A_2273693_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Fana Gebresenbet
Author-X-Name-First: Fana
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebresenbet
Author-Name: Yonas Tariku
Author-X-Name-First: Yonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Tariku
Title: Debating the implications of the Pretoria Agreement for Ethiopia: countering attempts to silence alternative voices
Abstract:
Following an earlier piece by the authors debating the importance of the Pretoria Agreement (or Cessation of Hostilities Agreement) concluded in November 2022, this piece sets out their formal response to and rebuttal of blog comments received on Roape.net (Gebrehiwot et al. 2023), and also of comments in a debate piece by J. Abbink (2023) published in this issue of the Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE). The authors here contest the views put forward as lacking engagement with their arguments and mischaracterising their views.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 243-250
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2273693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2273693
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Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Ruth First Prize: Musa Nxele on crony capitalist deals and investment in South Africa’s platinum belt
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 154-155
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2264685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2264685
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# input file: CREA_A_2196715_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Elias Aguigah
Author-X-Name-First: Elias
Author-X-Name-Last: Aguigah
Title: Restitution of looted artefacts: a politico-economic issue
Abstract:
Current debates around restitution of looted art from Africa mostly ignore politico-economic aspects of neocolonialism, reflecting the trend in academia as well as the wider public to separate cultural from economic issues. This article first aims to show the importance of the plunder and looting of material belongings in the establishment of European colonial rule over the African continent. Building on this, the author then highlights the role that restitutions play in current international neocolonial relations and in the political economy of ethnological museums. The paper calls for a broader analysis of the political economy of postcolonial restitution to realise its anticolonial potential.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 156-172
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2196715
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2196715
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Author-Name: Dhouha Djerbi
Author-X-Name-First: Dhouha
Author-X-Name-Last: Djerbi
Title: Foreign debt versus organised labour: reflections on the UGTT’s stance on IMF loans in post-uprising Tunisia
Abstract:
In the wake of the Tunisian uprising in 2010–2011, the IMF vowed to support democratisation efforts, promising a novel approach attuned to the needs of the nation’s most marginalised people. However, IMF loan agreements garnered controversy for their conditionalities, raising doubts about the Fund’s ‘new’ strategy and its austerity-focused plans for economic restructuring. At the centre of the debt-critical movement, the country’s leading trade union organisation – the UGTT – positioned itself as a fierce opponent to the IMF. Against the backdrop of current talks for a new bailout, this briefing revisits the UGTT’s stance on two major loan agreements that Tunisia entered into after 2010.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 251-260
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2251790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2251790
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# input file: CREA_A_2245649_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Colin Darch
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Darch
Title: Soviet intelligence gathering in Africa in the 1960s and early 1970s: a review article
Abstract:
The wave of independence in Africa in the late 1950s and early 1960s, combined with the ‘thaw’ after Khrushchev’s denunciation of Stalin at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, resulted in renewed Soviet interest after two decades of ignoring African affairs. Newly established diplomatic relations with liberation movements and independent states required the rapid training of middle-level cadres who could report back accurately to Moscow, as the USSR struggled to limit US and European influence in Africa. A volume in Russian of over 400 documents from the 1960s and early 1970s excludes the Arabic-speaking north, but allows readers to understand how intelligence was gathered on the ground by Soviet functionaries attempting to interpret local politics for power centres at home. This review article focuses on the political context in which African expertise was acquired, and analyses three cases from the volume – Ghana, Congo-Léopoldville in crisis, and Namibia in the early struggle for liberation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 272-289
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2245649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2245649
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# input file: CREA_A_2267311_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Max Ajl
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Ajl
Author-Name: Habib Ayeb
Author-X-Name-First: Habib
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayeb
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: North Africa: the climate emergency and family farming
Abstract:
This article examines recent international financial institution and national government policy in North Africa intended to address the climate emergency. It focuses on the role of the World Bank and general policy trends since the 1970s. These policy trends fail to understand the continuing centrality of small-scale family farming to social reproduction and food production. The article stresses the significance of historical patterns of underdevelopment, and the uneven incorporation of North Africa into global capitalism. An understanding of the longue durée is crucial in understanding why, and how, agrarian transformations have taken the form that they have, and why national sovereign projects and popular struggles offer an alternative strategy to counter imperialism and neo-colonialism. International financial institutions’ preoccupation with policies of mitigation and adaptation to climate change fails to address how poverty is generated and reproduced.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 173-196
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2267311
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# input file: CREA_A_2264684_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Chinedu Chukwudinma
Author-X-Name-First: Chinedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chukwudinma
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 290-293
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2264684
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2264684
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# input file: CREA_A_2269693_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bettina Engels
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Engels
Title: Coups and neo-colonialism
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 147-153
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2269693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2269693
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# input file: CREA_A_2245729_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Luke Melchiorre
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Melchiorre
Title: Generational populism and the political rise of Robert Kyagulanyi – aka Bobi Wine – in Uganda
Abstract:
This article analyses the political rise of the Ugandan opposition leader, Robert Kyagulanyi, aka Bobi Wine, arguing that he has a deployed a novel type of generational populism – a mobilising political discourse which frames the struggle between ‘the people’ and ‘the elite’ in generational terms, defining the former in relation to their status as youth, and in antagonistic opposition to an elite, which is depicted as defending a gerontocratic political order. At a theoretical level, the article broadens political science’s conception of populism, by introducing a new subtype of the political phenomenon which demonstrates the importance of intergenerational dynamics in the construction of the discursive categories of ‘the people’ and ‘the elite’. While it argues that Kyagulanyi’s success demonstrates the potential of populism in African countries to electorally challenge incumbent regimes, by helping to build political coalitions across ethno-regional lines, incorporating previously excluded social groups into the political process, it concludes by stressing that Kyagulanyi’s political project has failed to offer any real ideological alternative to the neoliberal orthodoxy that has characterised President Museveni’s Uganda over the last four decades.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 212-233
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2245729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2245729
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Author-Name: Luke Sinwell
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinwell
Author-Name: Trevor Ngwane
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngwane
Author-Name: Terri Maggott
Author-X-Name-First: Terri
Author-X-Name-Last: Maggott
Title: From energy racism to people’s power: unpacking the electricity crisis and resistance in Orange Farm, Johannesburg
Abstract:
Energy racism, a brainchild of racial capitalism, systemically excludes the black majority who are denied safe, reliable and clean household energy. It manifests in violent and, sometimes, deadly ways, which are often met with organised resistance from below. Drawing on a case study of Orange Farm, Johannesburg, this article explores the politics of popular resistance to the crisis of neoliberalism and cost recovery. It argues that the macro-sphere of energy production (for example, global coal consumption and Eskom) and the micro-sphere of consumption and resistance intersect within the constraints of a racialised system of capital extraction.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 197-211
Issue: 176
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2270723
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2270723
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# input file: CREA_A_2287878_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Japhace Poncian
Author-X-Name-First: Japhace
Author-X-Name-Last: Poncian
Author-Name: Rasmus Hundsbaek Pedersen
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus Hundsbaek
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen
Title: Resource nationalism and energy transitions in lower-income countries: the case of Tanzania
Abstract:
As the world approaches the 2030 year marker for the implementation of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as defined by the United Nations, the global urgency for sustainable and energy sources grows. Lower-income countries, however, confront a choice between cleaner energy and ensuring cheap and reliable energy. This raises the question of how some countries can find a balance between meeting their global climate change commitments and meeting urgent energy generation needs. This article uses resource nationalism as a lens to examine Tanzania’s energy transition dynamics. It seeks to understand why renewable sources such as wind and solar have been promoted in government policy but have not attracted much developmental support and investment. The authors argue that resource nationalism provides context within which to understand why the state has been quick to promote energy projects (notably geothermal, coal, natural gas and hydroelectric) where it has direct investment interests, as opposed to large wind and solar projects where private – often foreign – investors are dominant.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 355-373
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2287878
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# input file: CREA_A_2289748_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Grasian Mkodzongi
Author-X-Name-First: Grasian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mkodzongi
Title: The political economy of the climate crisis in Southern Africa
Abstract:
This article maps out the dynamics of the climate crisis that is unfolding globally, but whose consequences have a disproportionate impact on countries in sub-Saharan Africa and the wider global South. Although these countries have contributed insignificant amounts of greenhouse gas emissions (compared to their industrialised counterparts), their populations are the major victims of climate change, whose disastrous impacts were recently witnessed in Zimbabwe during Cyclone Idai and in South Africa during the Durban floods. In addition, Southern Africa is experiencing climate change-induced droughts, depleting water in major dams and undermining hydroelectric power generation, especially in Zambia and Zimbabwe. As a result, the region is experiencing dangerous power outages affecting agriculture and other key industries. This article adopts a novel decolonial perspective to make sense of these extreme weather events, arguing that the climate crisis is already affecting the livelihoods of many people in Southern Africa and that it is often the poor and vulnerable who suffer most from the impacts of climate change. There is thus a need for industrialised countries to contribute towards the costs of climate change mitigation since they are historically responsible for most of the carbon emissions.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 374-387
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2289748
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# input file: CREA_A_2296801_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: I-I
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2296801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2296801
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# input file: CREA_A_2288485_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Emilinah Namaganda
Author-X-Name-First: Emilinah
Author-X-Name-Last: Namaganda
Title: Contradictions to decent African jobs under energy transition-related extractivism: the case of graphite mining in Mozambique
Abstract:
The power of African labour to bargain for better terms of employment is an important precondition to ensuring decent jobs under energy transition-related resource (ETR) extraction and the global renewable energy sector more broadly. Through the lens of graphite mining communities in Cabo Delgado Province in Mozambique, this article examines the socio-economic contradictions constraining the power of residents to negotiate decent jobs from ETR projects in Cabo Delgado and other regions of the country. Six principal but intertwined contradictions are identified, including regional antipathies and limited livelihood alternatives, engaging energy transition discussions in Mozambique on the issues unfolding at the local level which inhibit workers from negotiating decent jobs. A micro-level perspective to examining challenges to decent African jobs enables critical reflection on the local aptness of climate change policies, such as the energy transition, which are predominantly discussed at the global, regional and national levels.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 439-459
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2288485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2288485
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# input file: CREA_A_2285120_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Zachary J. Patterson
Author-X-Name-First: Zachary J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Patterson
Title: Climate imperialism in Africa: critical commentary on the political economy of global climate change regime
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 509-513
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2285120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2285120
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Author-Name: Mohamed Salah
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Salah
Author-Name: Razaz Basheir
Author-X-Name-First: Razaz
Author-X-Name-Last: Basheir
Title: (Un)Just transition in power generation: neoliberal reforms and climate crisis in Sudan
Abstract:
Given the undisputable reality of climate change, this article explores Sudan's power generation and its approach to the current climate crisis, focusing on the perspective of a just energy transition. It highlights how the power sector's plans remain centralised, favouring urban consumerism, cost-driven energy sources, and inadequate social and environmental evaluations with limited community involvement. Furthermore, the absence of timely adaptation measures has left off-grid populations and those displaced by hydroelectric dams disproportionately vulnerable to worsening climate conditions, loss of traditional livelihoods, and conflicts over dwindling natural resources. This exacerbates instability and regional development disparities. The article advocates for a just energy transition in Sudan that not only reduces CO2 emissions but also minimises adverse impacts on local ecosystems and livelihoods. It suggests a blend of distributed and utility-scale renewable energy sources alongside existing hydro-thermal capacity. It also calls for prioritising power supply to off-grid communities through socially driven financing mechanisms, countering the neoliberal push for privatisation and full-cost recovery.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 402-420
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2281085
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# input file: CREA_A_2293352_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Leo Zeilig
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeilig
Author-Name: Chinedu Chukwudinma
Author-X-Name-First: Chinedu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chukwudinma
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Abstract:
In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 516-519
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2293352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2293352
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# input file: CREA_A_2260206_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Tobias Kalt
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalt
Author-Name: Jenny Simon
Author-X-Name-First: Jenny
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Author-Name: Johanna Tunn
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tunn
Author-Name: Jesko Hennig
Author-X-Name-First: Jesko
Author-X-Name-Last: Hennig
Title: Between green extractivism and energy justice: competing strategies in South Africa’s hydrogen transition in the context of climate crisis
Abstract:
The global race for green hydrogen is not just about decarbonisation, but also about power and profit. Examining the formation of a political project around an emerging hydrogen economy in South Africa, this article shows that a hydrogen transition is fundamentally contested. Employing (neo-)Gramscian hegemony theory and historical materialist policy analysis, it delineates four competing hydrogen initiatives in the policy debate: green extractivism, green developmentalism, fossilism and energy justice. The findings indicate the dominance of green extractivism, which prioritises the export of green hydrogen to Europe and reproduces patterns of neocolonialism and unequal ecological exchange. Contestations arise both from reactionary forces clinging to fossil fuels as well as from initiatives pursuing justice-centred transitions through green developmentalism and energy justice. This study contributes to the debate on justice in the global energy transition by highlighting alternative transition pathways in the global South that challenge green extractivism through sovereign industrial development and energy justice.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 302-321
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2260206
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# input file: CREA_A_2261276_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ruy Llera Blanes
Author-X-Name-First: Ruy Llera
Author-X-Name-Last: Blanes
Title: Fatal architectures and death by design: the infrastructures of state-sponsored climate disasters in Angola and Mozambique
Abstract:
This article addresses how African states respond to climate crisis, arguing that, beyond the agency and impact of climate phenomena such as drought and cyclones, they are active participants in the production of climate disasters and emergencies, mostly through infrastructural processes that affect land and resource use, and subsequently livelihoods. To demonstrate this, it uses the cases of the drought in southwestern Angola and cyclones in northern and central Mozambique, where such climate phenomena have exposed ‘fatal architectures’ that have dramatically raised the toll of climate victims and refugees. Both extractivist, agro-industrial and hydroelectric projects, as well as other, more deferred infrastructural designs (roads, communication networks, etc.) have challenged the traditional agency and resilience of local communities. Such new infrastructural projects also illustrate how certain perceived long-term solutions to address the climate crisis with industrial and energy reconversion towards greener energies can still become fatal architectures in the context of climate emergencies.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 460-474
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2261276
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Author-Name: Rocío Hiraldo
Author-X-Name-First: Rocío
Author-X-Name-Last: Hiraldo
Author-Name: Steffen Böhm
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen
Author-X-Name-Last: Böhm
Title: Conservation, peasants and class: critical reflections on the political economy of climate change strategies in West Senegal
Abstract:
Environmental conservation has become a key climate mitigation strategy in the last two decades. Through the multiplication of ‘conservation’ projects, Africa is one of the main centres of this kind of intervention. While scholars have shown conservation to be a vehicle for the advancement of capitalist interests, scarce attention has been paid to agrarian labour and class dynamics in the African countryside sustaining this development. Drawing on the authors’ research in West Senegal, this article develops a conceptual framework for integrating class and peasant labour in the study of capitalist conservation. It shows how conservation-related climate mitigation strategies in Africa nurture and are nurtured by neoliberal and imperialist processes of agrarian change, reinforcing the economic and political vulnerability of African peasants. Alternative, anti-imperial climate change mitigation strategies need to be centred around peasant environmentalisms and their liberation from labour oppression.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 421-438
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2286080
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2286080
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# input file: CREA_A_2261256_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Jason C. Mueller
Author-X-Name-First: Jason C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller
Title: Climate change, counter-terrorism and capitalist development in Somalia
Abstract:
Somalia is often referred to as a ‘failed state’. In addition to ineffective governance, feeble economic development, and a large anti-government insurgency, it faces increasingly severe climate change-induced devastation. This article offers a critical discussion of the role of capitalist interests and ideology as a factor in the climate crisis. It explores interlocking issues of (1) the relationship between the ruling political class of Somalia and capitalist mining interests; (2) the largely covert US-backed ‘war on terror’ in Somalia; and (3) the ongoing, capitalism-induced climate crisis. The article analyses current US and Somali proposals to address these issues. Many of these proposals remain trapped in the politico-ideological deadlock of capitalist developmentalism, oriented towards fossil fuel extraction and militarised accumulation. The trajectory of this current path in Somalia is leading to immiseration, oppression, displacement for millions of people, and the destruction of an already deteriorating environment. Alternative paths to avert these catastrophes require transnational solidarity, cooperation and assistance.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 340-354
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2261256
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Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Volume Index
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 520-524
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2294658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2294658
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:50:y:2023:i:177-178:p:520-524
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# input file: CREA_A_2283988_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Peter Gardner
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Gardner
Author-Name: Olalekan Adekola
Author-X-Name-First: Olalekan
Author-X-Name-Last: Adekola
Author-Name: Tiago Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: Tiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Author-Name: Thomas O’Brien
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Brien
Title: Confronting the climate crisis in Africa: just transitions and Extinction Rebellion in Nigeria and South Africa
Abstract:
Climate change is having increasing impacts on the social, economic and political space across the African continent. The compounding character of such impacts reinforces existing inequalities, raising important considerations around climate justice. Growing awareness has seen the emergence of activists working for solutions and promoting alternative futures, working across scales and sectors to address the complexity of the threats. This article examines environmental activism in Nigeria and South Africa, exploring strategies and claims, and how these are rooted in questions of justice. While environmental movements in Nigeria have generally worked to encourage reform and adaption within the existing political economic system, a more systemic critique and need for fundamental change is observable in South Africa. Drawing on a comparison of Extinction Rebellion in both countries, we argue that understandings of just transitions should take into consideration the unequal abilities of social movements to call for radically transformative and just decarbonisation.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 475-490
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2283988
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2283988
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:50:y:2023:i:177-178:p:475-490
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# input file: CREA_A_2293607_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Susana Moreno-Maestro
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno-Maestro
Title: Autonomous projects in the face of the global fishing market: women fish processors in Senegal in a context of climate emergency
Abstract:
This article aims to analyse the difficult relationship between the needs of the Senegalese state to obtain economic compensation for the over-exploitation of natural resources, the right to food sovereignty of the local population, and the survival of the environment. It focuses on the fisheries agreements signed by Senegal with the European Union (EU) and how these have an impact on the conditions of people who make a living from the sector, analysing the situation and the self-organising of women involved in fish processing, an activity that sustains their autonomy and their ongoing reproduction as a collective. Declared goals of sustainable fishing in the latest protocol implementing the EU–Senegal Fisheries Agreement (2019–2024) are at odds with the actual over-exploitation of the marine environment. The commitment expressed in Article 2 of the agreement to ‘promote sustainable fishing and protect marine biodiversity’ contrasts with the lived experiences of women fish processors, expressed in denunciations of campaigns such as Greenpeace Afrique’s AnaSamaJën (where is my fish?). Based on the assumption that overfishing is a form of extractivism that undermines food sovereignty and the sustainability of local societies, this article first analyses the agreements signed between Senegal and the EU, including their clear anthropocentric ontology (Escobar 2017) and discusses how the state takes up the financial, environmental and food challenges posed by climate change. The second part, based on fieldwork and interviews with women fish processors and other actors in the sector, shows how these international agreements affect their economic and social conditions as well as their resistance, where social struggles and environmental thinking are linked.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 388-401
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2293607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2293607
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# input file: CREA_A_2293419_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Lee Wengraf
Author-X-Name-First: Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Wengraf
Author-Name: Janet Bujra
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Bujra
Author-Name: Chanda Mfula
Author-X-Name-First: Chanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Mfula
Author-Name: Elisa Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Author-Name: Ray Bush
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Bush
Title: The climate emergency in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 295-301
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2293419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2293419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:50:y:2023:i:177-178:p:295-301
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# input file: CREA_A_2293368_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Nnimmo Bassey
Author-X-Name-First: Nnimmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bassey
Author-Name: Lee Wengraf
Author-X-Name-First: Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Wengraf
Title: An interview with Nnimmo Bassey: Business as usual and false solutions – ‘we must claim climate justice spaces for ourselves’
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 502-504
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2293368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2293368
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# input file: CREA_A_2293355_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Elia Apostolopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Elia
Author-X-Name-Last: Apostolopoulou
Title: Dismantling green colonialism: energy and climate justice in the Arab region
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 513-515
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2293355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2293355
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# input file: CREA_A_2277616_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ben Radley
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Radley
Title: Green imperialism, sovereignty, and the quest for national development in the Congo
Abstract:
This article deploys the term ‘green imperialism’ to denote the specificities of contemporary imperialism within the context of the hoped-for global transition towards low-carbon capitalist economies and societies in the coming decades. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) provides a modern exemplar of green imperialist dynamics in action. Hegemonic powers are seeking to position the Congolese economy as an exporter of low-cost, low-carbon metals and an open market for the entry of renewable energy finance and technologies. To date, the political response to green imperialism in the DRC has reproduced a model of mining-led national development that historically has delivered little by way of material improvements for most of the population, thus undermining the prospects of prosperity in the country. Albeit this time around there is the possibility of expanded access for some to renewable forms of energy as a foreign-owned private commodity, with all the limitations and contradictions this new model of energy delivery entails.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 322-339
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2277616
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2277616
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# input file: CREA_A_2287880_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Isaac ‘Asume’ Osuoka
Author-X-Name-First: Isaac
Author-X-Name-Last: ‘Asume’ Osuoka
Title: Politics of turbulent waters: reflections on ecological, environmental and climate crises in Africa
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 505-509
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2287880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2287880
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:50:y:2023:i:177-178:p:505-509
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# input file: CREA_A_2278953_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Alex Lenferna
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenferna
Title: South Africa’s unjust climate reparations: a critique of the Just Energy Transition Partnership
Abstract:
This briefing critically discusses the moral question of whether South Africa deserves climate reparations. It examines the deeply unequal and polluting nature of the South African economy in order to demonstrate how claims from South Africa for climate finance and reparations are morally complex and fraught. For South Africa’s claims for climate reparations and finance to be justified, the article proposes two conditions. First, that South Africa act in line with its fair share of global climate action. Second, that climate finance must help to transform South Africa’s deeply unjust society and bring benefits not to the rich elite, who themselves owe climate reparations, but to the majority, especially the poor, Black and working class.Applying these two principles, the briefing asks whether the Just Energy Transition (JET) Partnership and the accompanying Investment Plan announced by President Cyril Ramaphosa meet those conditions. It argues that they potentially fail to meet both. The piece also warns that global South countries must be critical of JET Partnership funding models, as they may be used as tools to entrench the interests of international financiers who seek to dominate the clean energy future. To counteract such a possibility, climate justice movements should work to ensure that climate finance is a true fulfilment of climate debt owed to the global South, which works to ensure meaningful social, economic and ecological justice.The author writes this piece not just from an academic perspective as a postdoctoral research fellow. He also writes it from his perspective as the elected General Secretary of the South African Climate Justice Coalition – a coalition of over 50 trade union, grassroots, community-based and non-profit organisations working together to advance a transformative climate justice agenda. In his role as general secretary, he has engaged with coalition member organisations and worked to build a shared and critical activist agenda towards both the JET Partnership and the South African government’s response to the climate crisis more generally.
Journal: Review of African Political Economy
Pages: 491-501
Issue: 177-178
Volume: 50
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2023.2278953
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2023.2278953
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Handle: RePEc:taf:revape:v:50:y:2023:i:177-178:p:491-501