Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Reza Banai Author-X-Name-First: Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Banai Title: The metropolitan region: from concepts to indicators of urban sustainability Abstract: The metropolitan region is regarded as the most appropriate unit to address sustainable urbanism. However, the metropolitan region's building blocks, from region to city to neighborhood to building site, are rarely invoked in recent discussions of urban sustainability. This paper broadens the discourse by defining sustainability as having the enduring qualities of built and natural environments, highlighting the connection of each scale to the sustainability of the metropolitan region as a whole. In addition, I review the implications for indicators and standards that operationally benchmark sustainability in cities and regions. The paper concludes with a discussion that draws on regionalism's better known holistic connotations of urban sustainability, with an emphasis on form, function and the limits of regionalism. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2012.668427 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2012.668427 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Pijawka Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Pijawka Author-Name: R. Yabes Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Yabes Author-Name: C.P. Frederick Author-X-Name-First: C.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Frederick Author-Name: P. White Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: White Title: Integration of sustainability in planning and design programs in higher education: evaluating learning outcomes Abstract: Although sustainability has a growing presence in the planning and design professions, little guidance is available on how to incorporate sustainability into planning and design education programs. Sustainability can be covered in most planning or design courses to some degree; however, we demonstrate a purposeful application of sustainability through a variety of courses, some specialized, others broad-based and interdisciplinary. We provide a step-wise rationale for incorporating sustainability into programs by examining the objectives, content, experiences and outcomes that have integrated sustainability into planning and design courses. We discuss our observations of incorporating sustainability concepts and methods, finding that the adoption of sustainability can act as a catalyst leading to strengthening outcomes in planning and design pedagogy. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 24-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.763623 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.763623 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:24-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richardson Dilworth Author-X-Name-First: Richardson Author-X-Name-Last: Dilworth Author-Name: Robert Stokes Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes Title: Green growth machines, LEED ratings and value free development: the case of the Philadelphia property tax abatement Abstract: In this paper we examine an attempt in Philadelphia in 2009 to alter a popular and longstanding city property tax abatement program by connecting it to LEED building standards. We argue that the attempt to change the property tax abatement was an attempt by an insurgent growth coalition - what we call a 'green growth machine' - to capture a greater proportion of the returns from land investment from the city's traditional growth machine. LEED was an important tool in the green growth machine's strategy, because the rating system has become a means by which growth machines have established green building as a component of the ideology of value free development. The attempt to alter the property tax abatement limited the extent to which LEED could be used as a tool in the construction of an ideology of value free development, which suggests both the limits to the power of that ideology, and how components of that ideology might be used to challenge a traditional growth machine. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 37-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2012.692570 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2012.692570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:37-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Baldwin Hess Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Baldwin Hess Author-Name: Hiroaki Hata Author-X-Name-First: Hiroaki Author-X-Name-Last: Hata Author-Name: Ernest Sternberg Author-X-Name-First: Ernest Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg Title: Pathways and artifacts: neighborhood design for physical activity Abstract: Both informal observation and systematic studies reveal that, especially among car-owning households, pedestrian travel occurs less for utilitarian purposes such as shopping, and more as therapeutic physical activity, meant for health and recreation. In response, this study proposes a new model for residential neighborhood design. Wide 'pathways', many resembling medians in residential thoroughfares, link streets, neighborhoods and open space in networks rich with recreational opportunities, while maintaining the advantages of accessibility and orientation that grid patterns provide. 'Artifacts' in the landscape lend sensory and experiential interest to a walker's or jogger's encounter with the environment. Taken together, pathways and artifacts provide pedestrians with more opportunities for engaging with the built and natural environments and thereby generate the comings and goings that make for vital neighborhoods. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 52-71 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.765904 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.765904 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:52-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chris Hale Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Hale Title: History and prospects of the rail station Abstract: Rail stations are a major element of the overall journey experience, and are essentially the 'face' of public transport. A review of historic currents in station design reveals a number of periods in which station architecture was taken very seriously. This paper outlines the history of rail station design - for the benefit of practitioners and researchers from diverse backgrounds in the urban disciplines. A review of the established literature is cross-referenced to a 5-year programme of observational fieldwork around international station exemplars. In doing so, the paper synthesises the state of advanced practice and built form outcomes in station design. The paper also summarises technical aspects of station design that practitioners from across the urban disciplines need to understand in order to work effectively in station-related projects. This advanced understanding of the transport-based performance of stations connects with broader moves toward integrated planning. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 72-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.765905 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.765905 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:72-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elizabeth A. Mack Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth A. Author-X-Name-Last: Mack Title: Sustainability in America's cities: creating the green metropolis Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 92-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.763621 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.763621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:1:p:92-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Krister Olsson Author-X-Name-First: Krister Author-X-Name-Last: Olsson Author-Name: Tigran Haas Author-X-Name-First: Tigran Author-X-Name-Last: Haas Title: Emergent Urbanism: structural change and urban planning and design Abstract: In response to the structural changes of recent decades, many European cities and towns have invested in production, consumption and transportation infrastructures, marketing and branding measures, and urban design schemes, in order to manage and stimulate urban regeneration. This paper contributes to a discussion of urban planning and design in the context of structural change, emphasizing the consequences that such change has had for urban heritage and the sense of place. The paper addresses two cases from Swedish infrastructure planning practice to construct a conceptual framework for the discussion and analysis of contemporary theory and practice in urban planning and design. Throughout this paper, we argue that the urban landscape should not be seen as solely resulting from deliberate planning and design measures. Rather, understanding the regeneration of that landscape requires a deeper consideration of decisions related to infrastructure planning, as well as emergent processes of economic, social and spatial processes of structural change. We put forward the term Emergent Urbanism to describe this expanded understanding. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 95-112 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.763622 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.763622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:2:p:95-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dan Trudeau Author-X-Name-First: Dan Author-X-Name-Last: Trudeau Title: A typology of New Urbanism neighborhoods Abstract: This paper describes a framework for understanding the diversity of New Urbanism (NU) in practice in the United States. The framework is based on a nationally representative survey of NU developers that inventories characteristics of NU projects' built environments across categories of urban design, land use, street configuration, and size. Using cluster analysis, the paper resolves the diversity of NU in practice into three types: Mainstream Urbanism, Dense Urbanism, and Hybrid Urbanism. The paper elaborates on each type, including geographic and temporal aspects of constituent projects. It also considers the ways in which the framework contributes to scholarly understanding of NU and advances the discussion of NU in practice. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 113-138 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.771695 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.771695 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:2:p:113-138 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseli Macedo Author-X-Name-First: Joseli Author-X-Name-Last: Macedo Author-Name: Levu V. Tran Author-X-Name-First: Levu V. Author-X-Name-Last: Tran Title: BrasÃlia and Putrajaya: using urban morphology to represent identity and power in national capitals Abstract: BrasÃlia, the national capital of Brazil, and Putrajaya, the new administrative capital of Malaysia, were created generations apart and on different continents. BrasÃlia was created as an icon of Modernist architecture, while Putrajaya represents the emergence of new symbolic relationships between government and economic prowess. Like most new towns built in the twentieth century, they were made possible by government backing. This paper explores the ideological basis for the production of urban space in the development of seats of national governments. The analysis of BrasÃlia and Putrajaya confirms that governments use urban design in national capitals to represent power. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 139-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.820209 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.820209 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:2:p:139-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Han Meyer Author-X-Name-First: Han Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer Author-Name: Steffen Nijhuis Author-X-Name-First: Steffen Author-X-Name-Last: Nijhuis Title: Delta urbanism: planning and design in urbanized deltas - comparing the Dutch delta with the Mississippi River delta Abstract: Planning and design approaches in urbanized deltas are in a process of fundamental reconsideration. For a new approach, it is fruitful to consider the urbanized delta area as a complex, layered system, based upon complex-systems theories and layer-based methods. With this theoretical point of view, we can distinguish several development periods of urbanized deltas like the Mississippi River delta and the Dutch Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta. In the current period, both deltas find themselves in a transition between the regime of the recent past and the new regime. In this transition process, the planning and design of the infrastructural system will be crucial. In order to find the most effective approach to infrastructure as a condition for urban development and water management, it will be important to develop a method of research by design, based upon strong collaboration between different disciplines such as urban design and planning, hydraulic engineering, landscape architecture, and environmental sciences. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 160-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.820210 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.820210 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:2:p:160-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mustapha Ben-Hamouche Author-X-Name-First: Mustapha Author-X-Name-Last: Ben-Hamouche Title: The paradox of urban preservation: balancing permanence and changeability in old Muslim cities Abstract: Preservation policies, generally based on the intervention of the state, protective regulations, and the freezing of permissible building alterations, often stand in contradiction to the incremental process that generates cities and buildings. Considering the urban dynamics that characterise Muslim cities, including population growth, rural migration, urban poverty, and the informal economy, such preservation policies are becoming increasingly obsolete. This article aims at presenting a compromise approach to urban preservation that is based on a balance between the two opposite, yet complementary terms: permanence and changeability. A classification of urban components into permanent and changeable would enable policymakers to establish action plans for urban preservation according to priorities and the availability of funds, thus helping to ensure urban sustainability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 192-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.820213 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.820213 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:2:p:192-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen M. Wheeler Author-X-Name-First: Stephen M. Author-X-Name-Last: Wheeler Author-Name: Mihaela Tomuta Author-X-Name-First: Mihaela Author-X-Name-Last: Tomuta Author-Name: Van Ryan Haden Author-X-Name-First: Van Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Haden Author-Name: Louise E. Jackson Author-X-Name-First: Louise E. Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: The impacts of alternative patterns of urbanization on greenhouse gas emissions in an agricultural county Abstract: Different patterns of urban development may have widely varying long-term effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To investigate such effects, we used UPlan geographic information system-based software to model three 2050 urban-growth scenarios for Yolo County, a predominantly agricultural area near Sacramento, California. Two scenarios correspond to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's A2 and B1 storylines. We also added a third, infill-only scenario called AB32-Plus that assumes continued strong climate change policy in California and highly compact urban development. Results show dramatically different levels of GHG emissions from transportation and residential-building energy use in the three scenarios, especially when compact urban development is combined with strong assumptions about energy efficiency and population. The preservation of farmland is also an important climate mitigation and adaptation benefit of the compact-development alternative. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 213-235 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.777356 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.777356 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:213-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B.A. Sandalack Author-X-Name-First: B.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Sandalack Author-Name: F.G. Alaniz Uribe Author-X-Name-First: F.G. Author-X-Name-Last: Alaniz Uribe Author-Name: A. Eshghzadeh Zanjani Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Eshghzadeh Zanjani Author-Name: A. Shiell Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Shiell Author-Name: G.R. McCormack Author-X-Name-First: G.R. Author-X-Name-Last: McCormack Author-Name: P.K. Doyle-Baker Author-X-Name-First: P.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Doyle-Baker Title: Neighbourhood type and walkshed size Abstract: Neighbourhood block pattern has been hypothesized to be a major factor in providing residents with the potential for walking. However, without an accurate tool to measure walksheds, this was not verifiable. Recent research, a portion of the EcoEUFORIA (Economic Evaluation of Urban Form to Increase Activity) project, provided techniques for accurately measuring walksheds, and allowed statistical analysis of a large data-set representing all the neighbourhoods in Calgary, Canada. This research demonstrates that walkshed size varies among neighbourhood types, with the grid block pattern being the most walkable, and the curvilinear pattern the least. Despite the growing body of knowledge regarding walkability, the prevailing practice is to continue to develop the less walkable curvilinear forms. This research has the potential to influence the development of planning policies that promote more walkable neighbourhood design, in that it illustrates clearly, and using a large data-set, the relationships between neighbourhood form and walkability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 236-255 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.771694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.771694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:236-255 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David L. Tulloch Author-X-Name-First: David L. Author-X-Name-Last: Tulloch Title: Learning from students: geodesign lessons from the regional design studio Abstract: This paper explores potential issues in the emerging field of geodesign by examining key lessons learned through design studios. Presenting three distinct projects as examples from regional design studios in an undergraduate landscape architecture program, this paper points out common learning experiences that repeat despite very different contexts. Recurring issues that can be observed from these examples include difficulty in addressing scale, difficulties in dealing with the volumes of data and information available and complications due to perceptions of the false dichotomy between science and design. With the potential to reshape urban planning and design, the need for geodesign to openly embrace a grand vision of itself is evident. However, for these changes to be meaningful, serious changes need to be undertaken in our educational processes developing a generation of urban and regional geodesigners who are better equipped to think scientifically while shaping landscapes and places responsibly and creatively. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 256-273 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.765903 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.765903 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:256-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Paradis Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Paradis Author-Name: Melinda Treml Author-X-Name-First: Melinda Author-X-Name-Last: Treml Author-Name: Mark Manone Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Manone Title: Geodesign meets curriculum design: integrating geodesign approaches into undergraduate programs Abstract: The recent emergence of geodesign elicits broad questions about what to teach our students, and how to teach it. Geodesign bridges the geospatial sciences and geographical information system (GIS)-related techniques with the design professions to inform better land-use decisions. With its emphasis on real-world applications, information technologies, and cross-disciplinary problem-solving, geodesign lends itself to a variety of experiential, active learning strategies collectively known as learner-centered education (LCE). This paper explores how LCE, outcomes assessment, and curriculum design can together support geodesign-oriented undergraduate programs. Looking specifically at a new degree program at Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff, the authors view geodesign education as a platform for promoting learner-centered approaches that at once transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries and are becoming increasingly important for employment opportunities. The example discussed herein illustrates how promising practices in curriculum design and LCE can inform geodesign education, thereby enabling other faculties to discover their own educational opportunities in geodesign. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 274-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.788054 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.788054 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:274-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alina Hughes Author-X-Name-First: Alina Author-X-Name-Last: Hughes Title: A new type of urban form? Possible futures for fabric structures in urban contexts Abstract: This article explores possibilities for future uses of inflatable and fabric architecture in urban contexts. Such uses may serve regeneration or homeless sheltering purposes, drawing from the Bedouin and Traveller traditions. They may also build on the much more recent Western precedents offered by the "Occupy" movement and pop-up buildings, and arguably follow in the footsteps of Situationism. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 302-306 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.820212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.820212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:302-306 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dennis Rodwell Author-X-Name-First: Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Rodwell Title: The fragile monument - on conservation and modernity Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 307-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.858932 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.858932 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:307-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leslie Sklair Author-X-Name-First: Leslie Author-X-Name-Last: Sklair Title: The globalisation of modern architecture: the impact of politics, economics and social change on architecture and urban design since 1990 Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 309-310 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.858933 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.858933 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:6:y:2013:i:3:p:309-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yizhao Yang Author-X-Name-First: Yizhao Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Kelly O'Neill Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: O'Neill Title: Understanding factors affecting people's attitudes toward living in compact and mixed-use environments: a case study of a New Urbanist project in Eugene, Oregon, USA Abstract: This paper examines factors affecting people's attitudes toward living in a compact and mixed-use environment. It reports a case study of a new compact and mixed-use project in Eugene, Oregon. Based on a survey of and interviews with residents living in close proximity to this project, and interviews with local planners and developers, this research shows that people's attitudes toward compact living are associated with their awareness of the environmental and social consequences related to different land-use patterns and their residential preference for and perceptions of environmental qualities of compact neighborhoods, as well as their impression of the new project nearby. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.827585 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.827585 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: MaryAnn Sorensen Allacci Author-X-Name-First: MaryAnn Sorensen Author-X-Name-Last: Allacci Author-Name: Rick Magder Author-X-Name-First: Rick Author-X-Name-Last: Magder Title: Walking in the shoes of another: assessing the boundaries of an environmental justice community and cumulative risk exposure through collaborative research Abstract: This project examines a methodology for collaboration to identify potential sources of cumulative exposures for community members during their routine weekly travels. While many sources of exposures require registration with state or federal regulatory systems, other small-scale sites may go unnoticed except by everyday occupants of the area. Residents who have few financial resources may call home those environments where exposures to multiple contaminants coexist with psychosocial stress and occur either simultaneously or sequentially to create synergistic effects on individual health. We conducted a "nested" model of community-based collaborative research with community organizations and individuals employing interviews, cognitive mapping, and geographic information systems to characterize a proposed environmental justice community in Yonkers in New York state, USA. The ability to tap into local knowledge and obtain a more comprehensive assessment of potential contaminants presents opportunities for more thorough assessment of cumulative exposures, calling for context-relevant forms of participation. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 23-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.860908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.860908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:1:p:23-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Oteng-Ababio Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Oteng-Ababio Author-Name: Jose Ernesto Melara Arguello Author-X-Name-First: Jose Ernesto Melara Author-X-Name-Last: Arguello Title: Paradigm of mediocrity: poverty and risk accumulation in urban Africa - the case of Korle Gonno, Accra Abstract: This paper examines how poverty has developed in Korle Gonno, an indigenous Ga community in Accra, Ghana, as a concrete challenge. This challenge has gone unnoticed until recently, though several informal studies exist in Ghana. By problematizing vulnerability, the literature is examined within Accra's development dynamics. Through extensive fieldwork, the results show a socially stratified and highly dependent community experiencing vulnerabilities and the residents' diverse coping strategies. Drawing upon the empirical data, it is argued that the lack of recognition of urban poverty (i.e., the raison d'être of slum) means many continue to be exposed to health risks. The paper concedes that the problem demands a multifaceted solution that includes more subjective issues like vulnerability and social exclusion, and objective ones like good urban governance and power relations. Failure to do so can lead to a downward spiral into extreme poverty that can affect the entire society. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 45-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.870920 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.870920 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:1:p:45-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Florian Wiedmann Author-X-Name-First: Florian Author-X-Name-Last: Wiedmann Author-Name: Ashraf M. Salama Author-X-Name-First: Ashraf M. Author-X-Name-Last: Salama Author-Name: Velina Mirincheva Author-X-Name-First: Velina Author-X-Name-Last: Mirincheva Title: Sustainable urban qualities in the emerging city of Doha Abstract: Various urban qualities are required for sustainable urban development, which is a particular challenge in the case of emerging cities such as Qatar's capital, Doha. Therefore, this paper seeks to introduce a framework concerning how to investigate urban qualities and their production in space in order to clarify the challenges and limitations of planning for sustainability. The paper is based on analyses and evaluations of GIS data as well as a series of interviews with 10 planning experts at the Ministry of Municipalities and Urban Planning and a series of questionnaires received from 350 inhabitants. After introducing the basic framework as a model, the three dimensions of sustainability - ecological efficiency, economic growth and social equity - are analysed in relation to the urban qualities needed for producing them. In conclusion the general challenges in establishing sustainable urban development mechanisms in Doha are discussed. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 62-84 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.870088 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.870088 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:1:p:62-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Venda Louise Pollock Author-X-Name-First: Venda Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Pollock Author-Name: Ronan Paddison Author-X-Name-First: Ronan Author-X-Name-Last: Paddison Title: On place-making, participation and public art: the Gorbals, Glasgow Abstract: Public art has become part of the rhetoric of regeneration and within this participation has come to play an increasingly significant role. Public art, through its aesthetic and process, is perceived as integral to place-making within regeneration practice, affording cohesion to otherwise disaffected and disillusioned communities and distinctiveness to reformed places. Based on the example of a regenerated inner-city neighbourhood in Glasgow, the Gorbals, this paper questions the role of public participation in the installation of public art. How the regeneration of the neighbourhood unfolded was heavily influenced by new urbanist ideals in which place-making techniques were instrumental in repositioning the perception of the neighbourhood for its residents as well as externally. We argue that within a complex process of regeneration there are limits to how public participation can be built into the process of installing public art, reflecting in turn the different routes through which places become meaningful. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 85-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.875057 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.875057 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:1:p:85-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samantha Irvine Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Irvine Title: Market place: food quarters, design and urban renewal in London Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 106-107 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.872881 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.872881 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:1:p:106-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Dieterlen Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Dieterlen Title: Hidden in plain sight: design approaches to Midwestern Mexican-American landscapes Abstract: While increasing numbers of new immigrants from Mexico, recruited for meatpacking, food-processing, and light-manufacturing jobs, have been joining Mexican-origin people resident in the Midwest since the early twentieth century, both established and new Mexican-American communities remain virtually invisible to those shaping the built environment. To learn to "see" these Latina/o communities and make appropriate decisions regarding them, designers require information. This article provides descriptions of Mexican-American landscape types found in small cities across the region and discusses their landscape characteristics, constraints, and opportunities in various land uses, as well as their implications for work beyond these small Midwestern cities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 109-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.875055 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.875055 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:109-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Evawani Ellisa Author-X-Name-First: Evawani Author-X-Name-Last: Ellisa Title: The entrepreneurial city of Kelapa Gading, Jakarta Abstract: This article examines chronologically how Summarecon Company has transformed vast, unproductive lands into a satellite city of Kelapa Gading (300,000 population). The study was based on an exploration of the process through which the township was created and represented as a new city. Soetjipto Nagaria, the founding father of Kelapa Gading City, exerts his leadership as a coherent approach to account properly for the growth, development, and morphology of the city. The company's achievement in generating profitability and sustaining Kelapa Gading's growth rate is based on a paradoxical dualism between economic incentives and continual innovation. The company must adhere to the rigid formulas that govern the city's profitability, but at the same time it needs to generate continual innovation in order to stay at the forefront of the constantly changing 'state of the art' development for an entrepreneurial city. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 130-151 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.875056 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.875056 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:130-151 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Li Yin Author-X-Name-First: Li Author-X-Name-Last: Yin Author-Name: Narushige Shiode Author-X-Name-First: Narushige Author-X-Name-Last: Shiode Title: 3D spatial-temporal GIS modeling of urban environments to support design and planning processes Abstract: Visualization methods have been used by planners for many years, especially in the form of 3D visualization in design and 2D GIS in visualization and spatial analysis. The existing range of visualization methods, however, focuses primarily on the static state: it provides a representation of the urban environment at one particular point in time, usually using the most recent data-set available. This study attempts to build a 3D spatial-temporal GIS model of an urban environment to help study changes in the physical form of cities. The model treats time and space as mutually constitutive factors, thus allowing us to visualize the dynamic transition of an urban landscape: the way an urban area evolves over a period of time, including the growth and changes of street patterns, the sizes and shapes of buildings, and area density, as well as the general life cycle of a city as a whole. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 152-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.879452 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.879452 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:152-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Salem A. Thawaba Author-X-Name-First: Salem A. Author-X-Name-Last: Thawaba Title: Integration of GIS and perception assessment in the creation of needs-based urban parks in Ramallah, Palestine Abstract: In Palestinian cities, urban parks are rare and their size is limited, comprising roughly 0.5 m2 per person in Palestine's fastest growing city, Ramallah. Prior studies indicate that conventional planning, zoning, and standards-based approaches do not fully meet people's needs for parks in urban settings. Hence, a needs-based approach was implemented in this study. A survey instrument was administered to a representative stratified sample composed of planners, professionals, and academics. The questionnaire was successfully administered to more than six hundred respondents (n= 650) and the results divulged a number of important points that will aid in future park and green space location, creation, and park utility. These findings included (a) overwhelming (perceived) need for more parks provided with facilities like playgrounds, water features, and relaxing areas; (b) a perception of uneven distribution of parks and facilities in urban settings; and (c) an increase in accessibility via roads and walking paths. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 170-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.879454 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.879454 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:170-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kylie Smith Author-X-Name-First: Kylie Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Cassandra Kotsanas Author-X-Name-First: Cassandra Author-X-Name-Last: Kotsanas Title: Honouring young children's voices to enhance inclusive communities Abstract: Children's environments and their ability to interact with them have impacts upon their well-being and sense of identity. Creation of participatory methodologies for children of all ages and particularly for children under five years of age is a step towards understanding what is necessary to create inclusivity and towards addressing the inequity faced by young children in their environments. This article will draw on data from a research project with an inner-urban local government body in Victoria, Australia, that aimed to support young children's participation within the local government and the community. These data demonstrate how participatory methods can be used with children under five outside of typical early-childhood institutions; the article also analyses the data in terms of the specific experiences of dependent young children in an urban environment and the related effects on their well-being and mobility. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 187-211 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.820211 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.820211 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:187-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jack Skillen Author-X-Name-First: Jack Author-X-Name-Last: Skillen Title: Promoting walking and cycling: new perspectives on sustainable travel Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 212-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.903613 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.903613 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:212-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Title: Happy city: transforming our lives through urban design Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 213-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.907521 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.907521 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:2:p:213-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Adelfio Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Adelfio Title: The future of single-family detached housing Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 217-220 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.923638 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.923638 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:3:p:217-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chiara Merlini Author-X-Name-First: Chiara Author-X-Name-Last: Merlini Author-Name: Federico Zanfi Author-X-Name-First: Federico Author-X-Name-Last: Zanfi Title: The family house and its territories in contemporary Italy: present conditions and future perspectives Abstract: Family houses are the principal material of the dispersed settlements that have marked the Italian urban landscape since the 1970s. From the Po Plain to the Adriatic coast and Apennine valleys, and all the way down to the Mezzogiorno, these buildings have created a built environment in which distinct features interweave with more standard formats. Today, a large part of this housing stock is facing a crisis, unable to provide the qualities demanded by its inhabitants, whose changing needs it is unsuited to address. The old-style family houses are showing signs of under-use, while new building formats are being developed on former farmland. Given this critical scenario, we outline three reform strategies intended to redirect the urban fabric of the <italic>città diffusa</italic> towards social, environmental and economic sustainability. These strategies favour the adaptation of existing family houses, to channel the dynamics for change, which are already underway, towards these sustainability goals. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 221-244 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.909514 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.909514 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:3:p:221-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Webber Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Webber Author-Name: Kevin Hanna Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Hanna Title: Sustainability and suburban housing in the Toronto region: the case of the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan Abstract: This article focuses on the relationship between housing and sustainable development in the suburban portion of the Toronto-centered region. Interviews with key stakeholders were completed to examine the implementation of the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan by the Canadian province of Ontario as a response to the negative impacts associated with single-family detached housing development. Representatives from government, real estate development, and the non-profit sector were asked to identify the housing characteristics they considered relevant for achieving sustainable development objectives. The responses indicate that achieving a consensus among stakeholders requires addressing a diverse set of perspectives related to environmental, economic, land-use planning, and social issues. A final section discusses the impacts of Ontario's Greenbelt Act and the Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe on the link between housing and sustainability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 245-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.882859 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.882859 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:3:p:245-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Adelfio Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Adelfio Title: Single-family housing and changing social profiles in former working-class areas: Madrid's south-western suburban ring as case study Abstract: In recent decades the development of the Madrid metropolitan region has been marked by a significant increase in urbanised land, which has expanded more than the effective population growth and demand. The traditional monocentric metropolitan model, which concentrated all the main activities in the capital city, has transformed and evolved towards a more deconcentrated pattern. Within this process, Madrid's south-western suburban ring represents a notable example of these transformations. Formerly characterised by lower-class dormitory towns, its social fabric and land uses now reflect a new post-suburban reality in which single-family housing is included as an emerging dwelling type representative of the upscale imagery of a part of the middle class. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 261-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.879455 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.879455 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:3:p:261-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Berndgen-Kaiser Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Berndgen-Kaiser Author-Name: Kerstin Bläser Author-X-Name-First: Kerstin Author-X-Name-Last: Bläser Author-Name: Runrid Fox-Kämper Author-X-Name-First: Runrid Author-X-Name-Last: Fox-Kämper Author-Name: Stefan Siedentop Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Siedentop Author-Name: Philipp Zakrzewski Author-X-Name-First: Philipp Author-X-Name-Last: Zakrzewski Title: Demography-driven suburban decline? At the crossroads: mature single-family housing estates in Germany Abstract: Germany is one of the Western countries in which the impact of the second demographic transition is most apparent. Among many other effects on socioeconomic systems, demographic shrinkage will seriously challenge the housing market. Recent studies hypothesize that a demography-induced fall in demand could hit not only multi-storey residential buildings but also single-family housing estates. As yet, these claims are not based on convincing empirical evidence. Against this background, this paper aims to address the future perspectives of single-family homes based on 29 case studies and a mixed-methods quantitative and qualitative design. Although the analysed housing estates are still fully occupied, several local policy-makers and real estate experts report on market changes, with pressures on housing prices and a long-term risk of housing vacancies. Finally, the paper presents a framework of strategic action, comprising a range of measures that local authorities can take. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 286-306 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.879456 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.879456 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:3:p:286-306 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jake Wegmann Author-X-Name-First: Jake Author-X-Name-Last: Wegmann Author-Name: Karen Chapple Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Chapple Title: Hidden density in single-family neighborhoods: backyard cottages as an equitable smart growth strategy Abstract: Secondary units, or separate small dwellings embedded within single-family residential properties, constitute a frequently overlooked strategy for urban infill in high-cost metropolitan areas in the United States. This study, which is situated within California's San Francisco Bay Area, draws upon data collected from a homeowners' survey and a Rental Market Analysis to provide evidence that a scaled-up strategy emphasizing one type of secondary unit - the backyard cottage - could yield substantial infill growth with minimal public subsidy. In addition, it is found that this strategy compares favorably in terms of affordability with infill of the sort traditionally favored in the 'smart growth' literature, i.e. the construction of dense multifamily housing developments. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 307-329 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.879453 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.879453 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:3:p:307-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donovan Finn Author-X-Name-First: Donovan Author-X-Name-Last: Finn Title: Introduction to the special issue on DIY urbanism Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 331-332 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.959154 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.959154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:331-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José L.S. Gamez Author-X-Name-First: José L.S. Author-X-Name-Last: Gamez Author-Name: Janni Sorensen Author-X-Name-First: Janni Author-X-Name-Last: Sorensen Title: No more waiting for Superman: teaching DIY urbanism and reflexive practice Abstract: Self-made urbanity is not a new phenomenon. However, decades of economic restructuring and a neoliberalization of the city and state have made the public realm vulnerable to changes in the economic winds. Increasingly, such an environment poses limits to what can be done via formal planning and urban design processes while do-it-yourself (DIY) activities challenge basic assumptions of who and how spaces may be produced. We (the authors) have recognized this challenge and have worked to bring this awareness into our classroom. Through this paper, we illustrate how DIY approaches have been integrated into our interdisciplinary course, the Community Planning Workshop. We describe how the classroom environment can foster an appreciation for DIY approaches, how DIY practices bring the social and the physical into focus, and how grassroots' strategies have transformational impacts upon students and their understanding of the roles of design and planning professions. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 333-350 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.909516 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.909516 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:333-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Campo Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Campo Title: Iconic eyesores: exploring do-it-yourself preservation and civic improvement at abandoned train stations in Buffalo and Detroit Abstract: This inquiry documents two citizen-driven campaigns to reclaim iconic train stations and their adjacent landscapes, assessing their effectiveness as agents of preservation and civic improvement, and potential as catalysts for local development. Examining grassroots efforts to conserve and reuse Buffalo's Central Terminal and Detroit's Michigan Central Station and the adjacent Roosevelt Park, it considers a unique form of preservation practice - one devoid of significant public sector funding <italic>and</italic> the conventional market-based adaptive reuse strategies that are ineffective in declining settings. Driven by idiosyncratic collectives of residents, business owners, cultural entrepreneurs, artists, designers, and planners, these groups coalesce around a shared desire to conserve local landmarks and play an active role in the physical rebuilding of their cities. Their incremental and incomplete transformations are driven by an ethic that transcends both typical market-oriented targets (private sector profits or "pays-for-itself") and the "fully restored" end states that are the goals of conventional projects. While these acts of reclamation are far from complete, they have the potential to inform similar locally driven efforts in settings of decline. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 351-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.952322 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.952322 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:351-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donovan Finn Author-X-Name-First: Donovan Author-X-Name-Last: Finn Title: DIY urbanism: implications for cities Abstract: A burgeoning do-it-yourself (DIY) urbanism movement is gaining notice in American and global cities as amateur designers create and implement small-scale interventions in urban public spaces. While tactics vary widely and may have some benefits for certain users, they nonetheless have the potential to complicate careful and considered long-term planning and urban design strategies. This article describes the historical and recent precedents upon which the current DIY urbanism movement is built and evaluates DIY interventions in light of their implications for cities, particularly how cities might engage with DIY projects in ways that maximize their potential for positive change while meeting objectives such as public safety, equity, and adherence to long-range visions. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 381-398 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.891149 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.891149 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:381-398 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karen Bermann Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Bermann Author-Name: Isabella Clough Marinaro Author-X-Name-First: Isabella Author-X-Name-Last: Clough Marinaro Title: 'We work it out': Roma settlements in Rome and the limits of do-it-yourself Abstract: This article examines forms of do-it-yourself (DIY) urbanism practised by two Roma communities in Rome. The groups live in self-made camps that exist in a legal limbo determined by municipal policies that fluctuate between 'tolerating' and threatening to demolish them. We argue that it is the simultaneous solidity and temporaneity of residents' DIY interventions that have delayed their eviction. We analyse how residents have sought to create dignified conditions through the informal architecture of their homes, to access water and electricity, and to create areas of beauty and safety around themselves. In doing so, they practice a form of tactical urbanism, generating environments for sociality and forging public spaces in apparent 'non-places': on a highway exchange and in a parking lot. Their DIY is accepted by the authorities as long as it is 'light', does not engage urban infrastructure and remains within abject locations. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 399-413 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.952321 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.952321 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:399-413 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yosef Jabareen Author-X-Name-First: Yosef Author-X-Name-Last: Jabareen Title: "Do it yourself" as an informal mode of space production: conceptualizing informality Abstract: The recently resurrected theories of the "right to the city" represent new paths for scholars in planning, urban, and social disciplines who are seeking to construct a new critical urban theory and to address the injustices, insecurity, poverty, and inequalities of contemporary cities. However, few studies have been conducted to determine whether the ideal of the right to the city can be achieved in practice or to identify the principal factors that limit and hinder its real achievement. This article considers the concept of urban self-determination, which addresses the urban problematic and strives to restructure the city using a normative, rights-based approach. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 414-428 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.884975 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.884975 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:414-428 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kim Dovey Author-X-Name-First: Kim Author-X-Name-Last: Dovey Author-Name: Stephen Wood Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Title: Public/private urban interfaces: type, adaptation, assemblage Abstract: The public/private interface has long been recognized as a key issue in urban design theory. This article presents a typology for the mapping and analysis of urban interfaces - the typical ways in which private territories plug into public networks. Drawing on mappings of the mixed morphology of the Australian inner city, a simple typology of five primary interface types is articulated according to criteria of access, setback, transparency and mode of access. The interface is construed as a socio-spatial assemblage wherein types are diagrams of connectivity that enable the creation, production and reproduction of ideas, goods, services and identities. In the second part of the article we explore the complex dynamics of adaptation and transformation from one type to another. The article raises questions about the methodology and ontology of micro-spatial analysis in urban research, as well as the importance of interface connections to urban production, exchange and innovation. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.891151 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.891151 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Akram J. Al-Akkam Author-X-Name-First: Akram J. Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Akkam Title: Assessing Baghdad universities: informative framework for relevant development plans Abstract: Alongside the destruction of most of Iraq's infrastructure, the country's education system has been severely damaged by war, sanctions and terrorism. To help effect the rebuilding of Baghdad's universities, the preliminary aim of this research is to assess their current status, and then to propose a comprehensive plan. To tackle the research problem, three universities were selected for the research setting. Data were gathered from written 'grey' material, and the research methodology was twofold: a descriptive method to assess environmental sustainability and an analytical method depending on 'space syntax' to assess urban structure. The comprehensive plan was divided into the core and the properties. The results revealed that Baghdad universities face an unbalanced urban structure and environmental obstacles, showing that their sites are both isolated from their urban surroundings and below environmental standards. The study concludes that an informative framework can improve understanding of the nature of these accumulative problems. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 17-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.860909 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.860909 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:1:p:17-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Billy Fields Author-X-Name-First: Billy Author-X-Name-Last: Fields Author-Name: Jacob Wagner Author-X-Name-First: Jacob Author-X-Name-Last: Wagner Author-Name: Michael Frisch Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Frisch Title: Placemaking and disaster recovery: targeting place for recovery in post-Katrina New Orleans Abstract: One of the central strategies employed by the City of New Orleans to address the challenge of disaster recovery after Hurricane Katrina was a place-based strategy of targeted investments. This strategy sought to address the twin challenges of the punctuated disaster from Katrina and the slow-motion disaster of economic decline that pre-dated the storm. We analyze the key components of the geographic targeting program in New Orleans through a case study of a particular target in the Gentilly planning district of the city. The goal of the process was to utilize reinvigorated places to both encourage community reinvestment and deal with the underlying challenge of rebuilding in a more resilient manner. Target-area resources were never fully translated into dedicated resources for project implementation. We find that weak implementation and management capacity significantly limited the effectiveness of the targeting program in meeting place-based goals. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 38-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.881410 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.881410 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:1:p:38-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Staël de Alvarenga Pereira Costa Author-X-Name-First: Staël de Alvarenga Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira Costa Author-Name: Stefânia de Araújo Perna Author-X-Name-First: Stefânia de Araújo Author-X-Name-Last: Perna Title: The continuous expansion of Brazilian cities: the case of the city of Belo Horizonte Abstract: Large Brazilian cities present similar urban forms and development processes, despite the fact that some were implemented through different comprehensive plans, while still others were founded to serve a wide range of purposes. Apart from these differences, Brazilian cities have currently been experiencing considerable growth and territorial expansion. Planning processes have been put forward but have seldom been effectively implemented to form legal cities. This paper presents the characteristics of one Brazilian city, Belo Horizonte, which was designed 115 years ago to be the capital of the state of Minas Gerais and which is experiencing a similar process within its boundaries. However, the city's spacialization and administrative body are similar to all other Brazilian cities, by comparing results from applied norms. This allows Belo Horizonte to be selected as a symbol of these urban policies and products. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 57-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.896273 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.896273 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:1:p:57-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weronika Anna Kusek Author-X-Name-First: Weronika Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Kusek Title: Shifting the spotlight: suggesting a pragmatic approach to studying the Polish LGBT community Abstract: This research, based on a pilot survey distributed among representatives of the LGBT community in Poland, is aimed at initiating an academic debate on the future of the Polish LGBT population in the urban setting; gaining insight into perceptions of LGBT survey respondents about potential clustering preferences of the Polish LGBT population; and thus suggesting a framework for LGBT inclusion in the Polish urban economic and developmental plans, using Poznan, Poland, as an example. The pilot survey, distributed among a small sample group of LGBT individuals mostly from the city of Poznan, provides insight into attitudes that Polish LGBT individuals may have towards forming a dedicated LGBT district in a major city in Poland, and potential consumer preferences in housing arrangements and services that such a district should provide. More importantly, this research aims to spark further research into the relationship between urban environments and the LGBT community in Poland. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 82-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.891150 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.891150 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:1:p:82-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark C. Childs Author-X-Name-First: Mark C. Author-X-Name-Last: Childs Title: Learning from new millennium science fiction cities Abstract: Fiction, and particularly current science fiction, (1) reflects, gives voice to, and may shape popular images of the city; (b) provides models of 'world building' whose methods may complement and critique other methods of informing the design of cities; and (3) plays out poetically rich thought experiments - cities of feeling - that can help designers understand nuances of current urban design and architectural theory. This paper examines the urban landscapes of three 21st-century award-winning science fiction novels. These cities of the fictive imagination can inform the creation of cities of the design imagination. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 97-109 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.891148 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.891148 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:1:p:97-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas Fortey Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas Author-X-Name-Last: Fortey Author-Name: Deborah Redman Author-X-Name-First: Deborah Author-X-Name-Last: Redman Title: Functional classification: is it functionally obsolete? Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 111-114 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1020962 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1020962 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:2:p:111-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erica Wygonik Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Wygonik Author-Name: Alon Bassok Author-X-Name-First: Alon Author-X-Name-Last: Bassok Author-Name: Anne Goodchild Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Goodchild Author-Name: Edward McCormack Author-X-Name-First: Edward Author-X-Name-Last: McCormack Author-Name: Daniel Carlson Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Carlson Title: Smart growth and goods movement: emerging research agendas Abstract: While recent urban planning efforts have focused on the management of growth into developed areas, the research community has not examined the impacts of these development patterns on urban goods movement. Successful implementation of growth strategies has multiple environmental and social benefits but also raises the demand for intra-urban goods movement, potentially increasing conflicts between modes of travel and worsening air quality. Because urban goods movement is critical for economic vitality, understanding the relation between smart growth and goods movement is necessary in the development of appropriate policies.This paper reviews the academic literature and summarizes the results of six focus groups to identify gaps in the state of knowledge and suggest important future research topics in five sub-areas of smart growth related to goods movement: (1) access, parking, and loading zones; (2) road channelization and bicycle and pedestrian facilities; (3) land use; (4) logistics; and (5) network system management. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 115-132 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2013.875058 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2013.875058 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:2:p:115-132 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Agostino Nuzzolo Author-X-Name-First: Agostino Author-X-Name-Last: Nuzzolo Author-Name: Antonio Comi Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: Comi Title: Urban freight transport policies in Rome: lessons learned and the road ahead Abstract: Given that few studies have investigated the effects of implementing city logistics measures, this paper focuses on actions implemented in the inner area of Rome in the last 10 years in order to improve both livability and freight distribution, providing insights into the effectiveness of such measures. The analysis covers the famous inner area of the city where the main tourist monuments are located and includes several pedestrianized shopping streets. Evaluation is based on data collected in 1999 and 2008 consisting of traffic counts and interviews with retailers and truck drivers. The implemented measures provided effective in abating through-traffic, in reducing the share of transport on own-account and in increasing the use of less polluting vehicles. Further, the increase in the number of stops per tour, in the average quantity delivered and hence in the average loading factor was revealed. Although all these changes improved the freight transport within the city, some critical issues remain and further measures have to be implemented. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 133-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.884976 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.884976 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:2:p:133-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wesley E. Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Wesley E. Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Title: Understanding the impacts of integrating New Urbanist neighborhood and street design ideals with conventional traffic engineering standards: the case of Stapleton Abstract: This research considers the implications of building places that possess many of the qualities that make New Urbanism so desirable but also marginalizing them with other qualities that prioritize automobility to meet the demands of conventional traffic engineering standards. By examining the existing built environment of Stapleton - a New Urbanist development in Denver, Colorado - in terms of street network characteristics, street designs, and intersection designs, I investigate the inconsistencies of the resulting built environment with respect to the latest research and state-of-the-practice New Urbanism design ideals. The outcomes are then considered in terms of how people actually use the transportation system by way of vehicle speed studies and travel diaries. The trends suggest that mixing New Urbanist neighborhood and street design characteristics with conventional traffic engineering standards results in travel behaviors more consistent with conventional auto-oriented developments. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 148-172 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.896826 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.896826 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:2:p:148-172 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael E. Smith Author-X-Name-First: Michael E. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Ashley Engquist Author-X-Name-First: Ashley Author-X-Name-Last: Engquist Author-Name: Cinthia Carvajal Author-X-Name-First: Cinthia Author-X-Name-Last: Carvajal Author-Name: Katrina Johnston-Zimmerman Author-X-Name-First: Katrina Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston-Zimmerman Author-Name: Monica Algara Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Algara Author-Name: Bridgette Gilliland Author-X-Name-First: Bridgette Author-X-Name-Last: Gilliland Author-Name: Yui Kuznetsov Author-X-Name-First: Yui Author-X-Name-Last: Kuznetsov Author-Name: Amanda Young Author-X-Name-First: Amanda Author-X-Name-Last: Young Title: Neighborhood formation in semi-urban settlements Abstract: Semi-urban settlements are places where large numbers of people come together, whether forcibly or voluntarily, in special-purpose settlements that lack many of the features characteristic of cities. This exploratory study examines 11 different types of semi-urban settlement from the present and the past and finds that neighborhoods are present as important social and spatial units in 10 of the types. This finding supports the notion that neighborhoods are fundamental and perhaps universal features of cities and semi-urban settlements. The following social drivers for neighborhood creation are identified in both formal and informal semi-urban settlements: defense, group preservation, sociality, convenience, administration, and control/surveillance. The results have implications for understanding urban and neighborhood dynamics in a wide range of cities and other settlements. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 173-198 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.896394 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.896394 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:2:p:173-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael W. Mehaffy Author-X-Name-First: Michael W. Author-X-Name-Last: Mehaffy Author-Name: Sergio Porta Author-X-Name-First: Sergio Author-X-Name-Last: Porta Author-Name: Ombretta Romice Author-X-Name-First: Ombretta Author-X-Name-Last: Romice Title: The "neighborhood unit" on trial: a case study in the impacts of urban morphology Abstract: The organization of modern city planning into "neighborhood units" - most commonly associated with the Clarence Perry proposal of 1929 - has been enormously influential in the evolution of modern city form, and at the same time has also been the subject of intense controversy and debate that continues to the present day. New issues under debate include social and economic diversity, maintenance of viable pedestrian and public transit modes, viability of internalized community service hubs, and efficient use of energy and natural resources, including greenhouse gas emissions. We trace the history of this controversy up to the present day, and we discuss new developments that may point the way to needed reforms of best practice. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 199-217 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.908786 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.908786 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:2:p:199-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bruce F. Donnelly Author-X-Name-First: Bruce F. Author-X-Name-Last: Donnelly Title: Foot logic Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 219-221 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1040822 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1040822 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:3:p:219-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Silvio Caputo Author-X-Name-First: Silvio Author-X-Name-Last: Caputo Author-Name: Maria Caserio Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Caserio Author-Name: Richard Coles Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Coles Author-Name: Ljubomir Jankovic Author-X-Name-First: Ljubomir Author-X-Name-Last: Jankovic Author-Name: Mark R. Gaterell Author-X-Name-First: Mark R. Author-X-Name-Last: Gaterell Title: Urban resilience: two diverging interpretations Abstract: This paper uses two diverging interpretations of resilience to review and assess current UK policies and guidelines for urban resilience, a term generally associated with the strength of key systems and cities and their capability to maintain functionality in the face of external shocks. Both developed in scientific studies, the first interpretation (engineering resilience) is based on a mechanistic model of systems that can recover their original state aftershocks, and the second (ecological resilience) is based on an evolutionary model enabling adaptation to disturbances. Through a literature review, practical applications to planning are discussed for each model in terms of long-term efficacy. The contribution of this paper to an understanding of urban resilience is therefore twofold. First, an identification of the long-term consequences on the built environment of the policies associated with each model is provided, with the mechanical model ultimately hindering, and the ecological model favouring, adaptation. Second, some approaches to generate effective responses to environmental and societal change are identified, together with enabling tools. Ultimately, this paper emphasizes that the idea of a resilient city is fit for this age characterized by uncertainty, although it requires the recognition within planning practice that urban adaptation cannot be attained with current methodologies, and that much can be learned from theories on the resilience of ecosystems. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 222-240 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.990913 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.990913 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:3:p:222-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul L. Knight Author-X-Name-First: Paul L. Author-X-Name-Last: Knight Author-Name: Wesley E. Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Wesley E. Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Title: The metrics of street network connectivity: their inconsistencies Abstract: The concept of street connectivity has been gaining increasing appeal among researchers, planners, and planning authorities. In response, many connectivity metrics have been developed in an effort to understand better street network connectivity. This paper will study the effectiveness and consistency of three mainstream metrics - the Connectivity Index, Intersection Density, and Street Density - with respect to differences in study area and geometry. While these metrics are intended to be applied incrementally, this paper reveals that the metrics often fail to do this successfully. By controlling for many variables - including block size, block geometry, right-of-way size, network size, and network geometry - actual behaviors of these metrics deviate substantially from their intended behaviors. The metrics are non-linear functions of both study area and geometry and are ultimately inconsistent and unpredictable. In other words, each metric will yield inconsistent readings based upon the amount of area studied or the arrangement of the study boundary drawn. This has two major consequences: (1) the metrics will not produce the results desired as they are applied to incremental development; and (2) the metrics can be easily gamed by a developer privy to the information found within this paper. Neither of these outcomes is desirable in helping to better understand and potentially regulate street connectivity. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 241-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.909515 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.909515 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:3:p:241-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marc Schlossberg Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Schlossberg Author-Name: Deb Johnson-Shelton Author-X-Name-First: Deb Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson-Shelton Author-Name: Cody Evers Author-X-Name-First: Cody Author-X-Name-Last: Evers Author-Name: Geraldine Moreno-Black Author-X-Name-First: Geraldine Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno-Black Title: Refining the grain: using resident-based walkability audits to better understand walkable urban form Abstract: Researchers use measures of street connectivity to assess neighborhood walkability, and many studies show a relationship between neighborhood design and walking activity. Yet, the core connectivity measures are based on constructs designed for analyzing automobile mobility - the street network - not pedestrian movement. This article examines the effect of a finer-grained characterization of street connectivity and illustrates the idea using parent ratings of street and intersection walkability for children throughout a suburban school district in Oregon. Several policy and practice recommendations are presented, including a discussion that extends Michael Southworth's foundational representation of streets and the walkable city using a refined, more pedestrian-centered approach to visualizing connectivity and walkable urban form. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 260-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.990915 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.990915 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:3:p:260-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deirdre Pfeiffer Author-X-Name-First: Deirdre Author-X-Name-Last: Pfeiffer Title: Retrofitting suburbia through second units: lessons from the Phoenix region Abstract: Planners are encouraging suburban homeowners to build second units to enable housing affordability, walkability, and aging in place. Yet, little is known about the viability of this approach for different types of suburbs. Based on planner interviews and zoning ordinance reviews in the Phoenix region, this article constructs a typology for identifying suburbs potentially amenable to using second units as a tool. Barriers that limit rezoning to allow for second units across the types include restrictive site requirements and fear of rental units. Arguments for aging in place may be more influential than those for housing affordability in leading suburbs in Phoenix and elsewhere to liberalize their regulations. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 279-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.908787 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.908787 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:3:p:279-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wouter Bervoets Author-X-Name-First: Wouter Author-X-Name-Last: Bervoets Author-Name: Marijn van de Weijer Author-X-Name-First: Marijn Author-X-Name-Last: van de Weijer Author-Name: Dominique Vanneste Author-X-Name-First: Dominique Author-X-Name-Last: Vanneste Author-Name: Lieve Vanderstraeten Author-X-Name-First: Lieve Author-X-Name-Last: Vanderstraeten Author-Name: Michael Ryckewaert Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Ryckewaert Author-Name: Hilde Heynen Author-X-Name-First: Hilde Author-X-Name-Last: Heynen Title: Towards a sustainable transformation of the detached houses in peri-urban Flanders, Belgium Abstract: The housing stock in Flanders contains a significant share of detached dwellings. Recent demographical, economic and ecological developments, however, have induced a large demand for other housing types. This paper addresses the resulting issue of whether the adaptation of existing low-density neighbourhoods is possible, and hypothesizes that the presence of a certain NIMBY (not in my back yard) attitude among current residents might complicate any planning efforts that would bring about fundamentally different spatial patterns. The paper offers an analysis of the existing residential patterns, focusing on the presence of underused housing. This analytical part is complemented by qualitative research into the acceptability of different possible scenarios at the neighbourhood level. Three distinct strategies have been elaborated for discussion with homeowners. The paper concludes that a top-down projection of transformative strategies needs to be brought into balance with interests of residents, thus capitalizing on an 'overarching interest', bringing into play an alliance of different tendencies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 302-330 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.909368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.909368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:3:p:302-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karl Kullmann Author-X-Name-First: Karl Author-X-Name-Last: Kullmann Title: Towards topographically sensitive urbanism: re-envisioning earthwork terracing in suburban development Abstract: The expanding peripheries of many cities in Australia and North America increasingly encroach into steep terrain. Prevailing 20th-century urban models have exerted a negligible influence in this environment where large-scale earthmoving techniques facilitate flat-land suburban morphologies irrespective of the site. In steeper terrain this practice results in engineered 'benched' landscapes comprising flat building pads interspersed with high retaining walls or embankments. Given the currently disparate nature of research on this practice, the article establishes a framework for incorporating greater topographical sensitivity into the sustainable design and planning of suburban landscapes. Drawing on examples from the Bay Area (California) and Perth (Western Australia), the paper: (1) overviews the root causes of suburban topographic benching, (2) outlines key negative ecological and psychological consequences of this practice, and (3) discusses mechanisms for fostering more topographically responsive design at the three scales of architectural typology, diversity of lot size, and street layout. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 331-351 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.896395 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.896395 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:4:p:331-351 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony Sease Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Sease Title: Landscape (and) urbanism? Engaging Nolli Abstract: Landscape urbanism is articulated against the purported failures of traditional urban design practices to conceptualize adequately the transience, adaptability, and ecological complexity demanded by contemporary urbanism. This paper engages Giambattista Nolli's 1748 map of Rome, a seminal example of the figure ground representational method, to highlight some contradictions in landscape urbanism's texts and projects. Whereas the figure ground is often reduced to a binary black and white image, Nolli's map illustrates the intertwining of public and private spaces, through rendering detailed attributes of site, infrastructure, history, and architecture. Also considered is the assertive restructuring of disciplinary influence within what Linda Pollak identifies as 'constructed ground.' This reclamation constitutes a re-territorializing of landscape architecture through re-engagement of the urban fabric, as well as the more aspirational and necessary re-territorializing of design through intentional consideration of ecological complexity in the making of public urban spaces. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 352-372 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.909517 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.909517 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:4:p:352-372 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona Title: Re-theorising contemporary public space: a new narrative and a new normative Abstract: The global public spaces literature has been critical of contemporary manifestations of public space on a number of grounds. This article reports on a research project that attempted to gauge the validity of these critiques through an examination of new and regenerated public spaces in London. The article introduces the dominant critiques around public space before outlining the mixed-methods approach used to interrogate them. The key findings from this work are summarised before the nature of contemporary public space is re-theorised in a more avowedly positive and pragmatic manner than is often the case, one that celebrates a return of a public spaces paradigm through tentatively advancing a new narrative and set of normative principles for public space generation. The work concludes that a more balanced view of public space is required, one that recognises the multiple complex types, roles and audiences for public spaces in cities today. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 373-405 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.909518 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.909518 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:4:p:373-405 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andreas Wesener Author-X-Name-First: Andreas Author-X-Name-Last: Wesener Title: Temporary urbanism and urban sustainability after a natural disaster: transitional community-initiated open spaces in Christchurch, New Zealand Abstract: Temporary uses of vacant urban spaces are usually not foreseen in conventional urban planning and have often been linked to economic or political disturbances. In New Zealand, Christchurch's vacant spaces came into existence after the city was hit by several devastating earthquakes in 2010 and 2011. Parallel to the 'official' rebuild discourse, temporary uses have emerged on vacant post-earthquake sites including community gardens, urban agriculture, art installations, event venues, eateries and cafés, and pocket parks. Based on the review and analysis of exemplary transitional community-initiated open spaces and correlated literature, the paper looks at how the post-disaster urban context in Christchurch has influenced particular aspects of temporary urbanism in comparison with case studies in non-disaster environments. By focusing on the anticipated benefits of community-initiated open spaces, the paper discusses the relevance of temporary uses of vacant urban spaces for urban sustainability in relationship to concepts of community resilience and raises questions about possible long-term values. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 406-422 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1061040 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1061040 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:8:y:2015:i:4:p:406-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John I. Gilderbloom Author-X-Name-First: John I. Author-X-Name-Last: Gilderbloom Author-Name: Wesley L. Meares Author-X-Name-First: Wesley L. Author-X-Name-Last: Meares Author-Name: William Riggs Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Riggs Title: How brownfield sites kill places and people: an examination of neighborhood housing values, foreclosures, and lifespan Abstract: This study examines the effects of Environmental Protection Agency brownfield sites on housing values, foreclosures, and premature deaths in Louisville, Kentucky, between 2000 and 2008. While previous research has focused on the impacts of brownfield sites on neighborhood housing values, little research has been done on the impact of these hazardous sites on foreclosures and premature deaths. We utilize ordinary least squares regression to analyze the net impact of brownfield sites on neighborhoods. We find a significant association between brownfield sites and lower neighborhood property values, and increased foreclosures and premature deaths. Furthermore, using a case study of Louisville’s East Russell neighborhood, we demonstrate the possible benefits of a brownfield site remediation. Based upon the findings from the regression and the case study, we offer policy prescriptions that help address the fiscal and social costs of brownfield sites. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.905488 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.905488 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:1-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N.C. Napawan Author-X-Name-First: N.C. Author-X-Name-Last: Napawan Title: Complexity in urban agriculture: the role of landscape typologies in promoting urban agriculture’s growth Abstract: This research identifies the potential shortcomings of local initiatives to encourage urban agriculture projects by comparing citywide efforts with existing community projects. It investigates how more effectual policy might be developed to accommodate a fuller range of urban agriculture projects, and how urban agriculture stakeholders might use clearer promotion processes to meet stated goals. It hypothesizes the important role of clear urban agriculture definitions, typologies, and links to associated benefits towards meeting the stated goals of policy-makers. Utilizing San Francisco in California as a case study, this paper investigates recent efforts at citywide urban agriculture promotion. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 19-38 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.950317 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.950317 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:19-38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nabil Kamel Author-X-Name-First: Nabil Author-X-Name-Last: Kamel Title: Clandestine urbanization: reconstituting urban space in the margins of the Phoenix metropolitan area Abstract: This paper illustrates everyday practices of a marginalized population in areas of interrupted urbanization. These practices arise from the coincidence of an urban form produced and reproduced according to a Fordist logic of mass production for mass consumption and a Post-Fordist society with diverse needs. The paper focuses on practices that, while reconstituting needed urban elements, remain nevertheless unsanctioned because of a rigid imaginary of how urban space ought to be lived. These practices exemplify how residents respond to existing material and institutional restrictions by adopting hidden and clandestine forms of urbanization that allow them to reconstitute their urban space. The Phoenix metropolitan region is used to illustrate these responses. The paper concludes with a call for a form of urban planning that is more adaptive and responsive to residents’ needs, aspirations, and desires. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 39-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.990914 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.990914 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:39-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paula Negron-Poblete Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Negron-Poblete Author-Name: Anne-Marie Séguin Author-X-Name-First: Anne-Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Séguin Author-Name: Philippe Apparicio Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Apparicio Title: Improving walkability for seniors through accessibility to food stores: a study of three areas of Greater Montreal Abstract: The aging of suburbs requires that pedestrian accessibility be favored in this type of environment, because walking is a key element in the quality of life of seniors. This article analyzes the potential for accessibility by foot in three inner suburbs of the Greater Montreal Area. Accessibility was calculated using walking distances throughout the street network. This analysis was complemented by an observation of physical-spatial characteristics likely to affect walking among seniors. Pedestrian accessibility is influenced not only by long travel distances but also by various obstacles that result from land-use decisions in favor of motorized travel on a regional scale. This article reveals the necessity for urban planners to find a balance between local accessibility by foot and public transit, and regional accessibility by motorized transport. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 51-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.990916 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2014.990916 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:51-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elijah Knaap Author-X-Name-First: Elijah Author-X-Name-Last: Knaap Author-Name: Chengri Ding Author-X-Name-First: Chengri Author-X-Name-Last: Ding Author-Name: Yi Niu Author-X-Name-First: Yi Author-X-Name-Last: Niu Author-Name: Sabyasachee Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Sabyasachee Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Title: Polycentrism as a sustainable development strategy: empirical analysis from the state of Maryland Abstract: We present in this paper an analysis of economic centers and their role in shaping employment development patterns and travel behavior in the state of Maryland. We begin by identifying 23 economic centers in the Baltimore-Washington region. We then examine these centers first in their role as centers of economic activity and then in their role as nodes in the state’s transportation system. Finally, we identify the commute sheds of each center, for multiple modes of travel and travel times, and examine jobs--housing balance within these various commute sheds. We find that Maryland’s economic centers not only promote agglomerative economies and thus facilitate economic growth; they also generate a disproportionate number of trips and promote transit ridership. These results provide empirical support for policies that promote polycentric urban development, and especially policies that promote polycentric <italic>employment</italic> development. Further, they suggest that polycentrism as a sustainable development strategy requires careful coordination of regional transportation systems designed to balance jobs and housing within a center’s transit commute shed. Based on these findings we recommend that the Maryland state development plan, and regional sustainable communities plans across the nation, encourage the concentration of employment within economic centers and encourage housing development within the transit commute sheds of those centers. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 73-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1029509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1029509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:73-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Swasti Vardhan Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Swasti Vardhan Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Title: Conflating gray space and crypto urbanism Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 93-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1074604 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1074604 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:93-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erica Pani Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Pani Title: On south bank: the production of public space Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 97-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1021090 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1021090 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:97-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donovan Finn Author-X-Name-First: Donovan Author-X-Name-Last: Finn Title: Introduction to the special issue Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 99-100 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1145177 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1145177 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:99-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adeola Enigbokan Author-X-Name-First: Adeola Author-X-Name-Last: Enigbokan Title: Delai Sam: social activism as contemporary art in the emerging discourse of DIY urbanism in Russia Abstract: <italic>Delai sam</italic> (do it yourself) is a deeply rooted phenomenon in Russian life. However, as a form of contemporary art, this phenomenon has taken on an activist tenor in post-socialist urban Russia. Founded in 2010, the Delai Sam Festival of Urban Actions represents a politicized approach to DIY urbanism in today’s Russia, in which artists, designers, activists and scholars are joining together to develop alternatives to official visions for the design and planning of their cities. This article critically examines the discourse of the first few Delai Sam festivals in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and related urban interventions, to understand how these actions are both situated within their local context, and linked discursively to global trends in art and urban activism. DIY actions like Delai Sam open windows into the convergence of art and social activism, the aesthetic and the political, currently taking shape within the global city. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 101-116 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1029507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1029507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:101-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon C.C. Douglas Author-X-Name-First: Gordon C.C. Author-X-Name-Last: Douglas Title: The formalities of informal improvement: technical and scholarly knowledge at work in do-it-yourself urban design Abstract: Unauthorized yet functional and civic-minded “do-it-yourself urban design” contributions have seen growing interest in recent years. Authorities and community members alike rightfully wonder about the meanings of these actions and the questions they raise about rights, responsibilities, contexts, and consequences. Building from a multi-year study of DIY urban design across 17 cities, this paper focuses on the backgrounds and methods of these would-be local improvers. In particular, it demonstrates that many are informed by sophisticated knowledge of scholarly urban theory and official planning and design standards. Referencing debates on informality and formality in urbanism, I show that highly technical, academic, and formalized elements pervade these informal efforts, suggesting a gray area in our normative assumptions about official versus unauthorized placemaking. I argue that this knowledge enables and inspires many do-it-yourselfers’ actions and produces a complex and potentially problematic reflexivity around their place in the city and their potential impacts. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 117-134 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1029508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1029508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:117-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wesley E. Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Wesley E. Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Author-Name: Andrew L. Duvall Author-X-Name-First: Andrew L. Author-X-Name-Last: Duvall Author-Name: Deborah S. Main Author-X-Name-First: Deborah S. Author-X-Name-Last: Main Title: Large-scale tactical urbanism: the Denver bike share system Abstract: How did one of the most historically automobile-dependent US cities end up with the first large-scale modern US bike-sharing system? The story reveals that it is less about transportation demand planning and engineering and more about the principles of what has been termed <italic>tactical urbanism</italic>. The tactical urbanism movement revolves around the idea that temporary interventions can help one understand what interventions might work in a particular context and lay the foundation for more permanent ones. That the first large-scale bike-sharing system in the US began as such an intervention is quite remarkable and illustrative of the potential of this strategy to build public aspiration and political will via temporary, short-term empirical success. Beginning with preparations for the 2008 Democratic National Convention (DNC) in Denver, Colorado, this paper details what went into creating the temporary Freewheel!n bike-share system and how that was able to be leveraged into a permanent bike-sharing system, Denver B-Cycle, two years later. Consistent with the characteristics of tactical urbanism, the partnerships formed with the temporary DNC implementation served as a catalyst. The paper then identifies lessons that other cities can learn and apply in similar large-scale tactical urbanism interventions. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 135-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1029510 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1029510 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:135-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Taylor Dotson Author-X-Name-First: Taylor Author-X-Name-Last: Dotson Title: Trial-and-error urbanism: addressing obduracy, uncertainty and complexity in urban planning and design Abstract: This article argues that sustainable and communal neighborhoods could be significantly more common in North America if development practices addressed the barriers posed by sociotechnical obduracy and the inevitable limitations of expertise through expanded opportunities for experimentation. In reconceptualizing the problems faced by alternative urbanisms through the lens of science and technology studies, I explore how the intelligent trial-and-error (ITE) framework for governing emerging technologies could be extended to partially address the barriers of obduracy, uncertainty and complexity when pursuing alternative urban designs. An examination of how <italic>Baugruppen</italic> (cooperative building groups) were integrated into the planning process of Quartier Vauban, Freiburg, is used to illustrate both the potentials and a concrete application of an ITE-like approach. I then discuss some of the barriers to an ITE model of urban planning in North America and recommend further research at the intersection of urban studies and science and technology studies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 148-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1029511 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1029511 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:148-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Louise Fabian Author-X-Name-First: Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Fabian Author-Name: Kristine Samson Author-X-Name-First: Kristine Author-X-Name-Last: Samson Title: Claiming participation -- a comparative analysis of DIY urbanism in Denmark Abstract: The article discuss the conflicts, potentials and possible alliances of do-it-yourself (DIY) urbanism when it takes the form of spontaneous place appropriations, when it is performed as participatory urban design and when it is integrated strategically in planning. DIY urbanism and experimentation with participation are currently strong influential factors in Danish planning. The article explores the use of participatory DIY urban design in two cases: the relocation of beer drinkers in Enghave Square and the Carlsberg City development in Copenhagen, Denmark. Carlsberg City is the most thorough Danish example of how DIY urban design is employed as an investment and planning tool. It discusses the implications of DIY urbanism in terms of how it can be understood in the context of the struggles over ‘the right to the city’, how it applies different activist tactics for the appropriation of space, and how it is integrated in planning and the development logic. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 166-184 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1056207 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1056207 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:166-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Spataro Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Spataro Title: Against a de-politicized DIY urbanism: Food Not Bombs and the struggle over public space Abstract: Cultivated by non-professionals, do-it-yourself (DIY) interventions in urban space are gaining serious credibility in the professional design fields. But as these professionals take up the flag of small-scale and social justice-inspired action in design handbooks and art exhibits, what happens to the struggles that informed the tactics? This article presents the DIY urban tactics of Food Not Bombs as a counter case study that problematizes the recent professional attention given to DIY, tactical or spontaneous urbanism. Forged in a struggle against the structural violence of capitalism, and based in the use of public space for community meals, Food Not Bombs challenges de-politicized notions of tactical or DIY urbanism. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 185-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1056208 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1056208 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:185-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Title: Food and the City Urban Agriculture and the New Food Revolution Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 202-203 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1142700 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1142700 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:2:p:202-203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kyle J. Beidler Author-X-Name-First: Kyle J. Author-X-Name-Last: Beidler Author-Name: Julia M. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Julia M. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Sense of place: inquiry and application Abstract: ‘Sense of place’ is a fundamental, yet presumptive concept within the planning and design disciplines. Professional theories have largely remained focused on the physical aspects of place, as this is their primary mode of production. However, the academic literature suggests that sense of place is a multidimensional concept that extends beyond the physical attributes of a given location. A thorough literature review reveals that sense of place is influenced by four primary dimensions. It is argued that this theoretical perspective can better inform the transformation of space into place by linking each dimension with specific design processes. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 205-215 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1056210 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1056210 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:205-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aseem Inam Author-X-Name-First: Aseem Author-X-Name-Last: Inam Title: Unveiling Vegas: urbanism at the nexus of private profit and public policy Abstract: In the capitalist economy of the United States, the material city is largely built by the private sector, especially investors, developers, and builders. How does public policy interface with this private dynamic of the contemporary American city? The purpose of this article is to craft an empirical analysis of the private/public interface of one of the most high-profile projects of the early 21st century: CityCenter in Las Vegas, Nevada. Based on site visits, visual documentation, interviews, and analysis of government documents and other reports, the article demonstrates how the role of public policy is in fact shaped by private initiatives, corporate discourse, and profit motives at the cost of public benefits. The article concludes with insights into the process of urbanism, including how intertwined the private and public realms actually are, and ways in which the benefits of urban projects are unevenly distributed through this private profit/public policy nexus. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 216-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1056211 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1056211 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:216-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas R. Appler Author-X-Name-First: Douglas R. Author-X-Name-Last: Appler Title: Affordable housing in National Register districts: recognizing the advantages of historic urban neighborhoods in Louisville and Covington, Kentucky, USA Abstract: This paper draws attention to the public policy opportunities created by the spatial characteristics of urban historic districts. Using the Kentucky cities of Louisville and Covington as case studies, the research uses geographic information systems (GIS) to demonstrate that Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) units developed in historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places are closer to libraries, transit stops, parks, and schools than are LIHTC units developed in ‘non-historic’ areas of these cities. The findings are particularly relevant for policy-makers adopting a neighborhood-oriented approach to improving the quality of affordable housing, and for those seeking strategies for bringing new life to declining urban areas. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 237-253 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1056209 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1056209 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:237-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ibrahim Rizk Hegazy Author-X-Name-First: Ibrahim Rizk Author-X-Name-Last: Hegazy Title: Informal settlement upgrading policies in Egypt: towards improvement in the upgrading process Abstract: The problem of informal settlements in Egypt is one of the most serious problems due to its economic, social and security impacts which influence the safety and stability of the Egyptian society. Due to inadequacies in planning, management and provision of basic urban infrastructure and services, the urbanization process is taking place in a haphazard manner with no control and regulation. The growth of informal areas has become a natural indicator of the process of the country’s urbanization. It is essential that at least 40% of the urban population lives in informal areas. This paper aims to evaluate the urban upgrading process in Egypt by taking the policy issue of upgrading the informal settlements as an instance in order to provide some practical actions and strategies that could help to advance effectively urban upgrading process towards achieving more improvements in the upgrading process. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 254-275 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1009845 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1009845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:254-275 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Khaled Alawadi Author-X-Name-First: Khaled Author-X-Name-Last: Alawadi Author-Name: Sarah Dooling Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Dooling Title: Challenges and opportunities for participatory planning approaches within Dubai’s urban context Abstract: Dubai has been in the midst of a profound physical transformation, radically affecting the lives of residents and newcomers. Within US and European models of planning, the rapid change Dubai is experiencing calls for public involvement in charting the city’s future. However, Dubai’s neo-patrimonial governance concentrates planning decisions into the hands of trusted elites, lacking public participation. How might a participatory approach to planning be successfully implemented in Dubai? First, this article applies Delphi to obtain experts’ knowledge about the feasibility of implementing a participatory planning approach in Dubai. Second, the first author interviewed government officials to identify constraints for implementing strategies intended to widen public participation. Last, recommendations for the implementation of a more transparent approach to planning are provided. The article concludes with questions that explore the challenges associated with participation in planning decision-making specifically for neo-patrimonial systems. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 276-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1045924 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1045924 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:276-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Title: Dead end: suburban sprawl and the rebirth of American urbanism. Death of a suburban dream. Race and schools in Compton, California Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 302-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1182254 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1182254 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:302-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kai Gu Author-X-Name-First: Kai Author-X-Name-Last: Gu Author-Name: Ye Li Author-X-Name-First: Ye Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Xi Zheng Author-X-Name-First: Xi Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Title: A typological approach to planning Abstract: The concept of typological processes has been used to study the course of urban form change. Despite increasing research interest in its theory and practice, it has been slow to receive clear empirical support and its application in planning remains limited. Major cities in New Zealand are under great pressure for change. This paper illustrates a typological investigation of the spatial structure of urban areas in Auckland. It reveals that the forms created in one period are different from those created in another. Stratified over time, similar types thereby generate distinct urban tissues. Traditionally, the dominant urban-tissue types in a new period of urban development are conceived from the dominant types of an earlier period. The research findings are used to support an alternative planning strategy that aims to achieve built environments that can adapt to changing demands in the future whilst retaining much-valued established character. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 373-392 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626264 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626264 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:373-392 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Florian Wiedmann Author-X-Name-First: Florian Author-X-Name-Last: Wiedmann Author-Name: Ashraf M. Salama Author-X-Name-First: Ashraf M. Author-X-Name-Last: Salama Author-Name: Hatem G. A. Ibrahim Author-X-Name-First: Hatem G. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ibrahim Author-Name: Velina Mirincheva Author-X-Name-First: Velina Author-X-Name-Last: Mirincheva Title: New housing patterns and spatial fragmentation in Gulf cities Abstract: In recent years, the rapid growth of Gulf cities has led to a transformation of local settlement structures. The key objective of this paper is to deliver an overview of new housing patterns and how they impact spatial fragmentation. To identify the spatial distribution of new housing typologies and to explore the recent transformation of urban fabrics, GIS analyses were carried out and Space Syntax models were developed in the case of Qatar’s capital, Doha. This is coupled with an analysis of the travel routes of 130 residents which were assessed to investigate key aspects related to fragmentation. The outcomes include both new insights into the understanding of urban development tendencies in Gulf cities and the introduction of a methodological approach to establish responsive strategies in fast-growing and car-dependent cities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 393-411 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626263 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626263 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:393-411 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: VÃtor Oliveira Author-X-Name-First: VÃtor Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Title: An historico-geographical theory of urban form Abstract: Urban morphology is the study of the physical form of cities and of the agents and processes shaping its transformation over time. One of the most prominent approaches in the urban morphological debate is the historico-geographical approach. While the core of this approach is based on the seminal work that MRG Conzen developed after the late 1950s, it was JWR Whitehand who, mainly after the late 1970s, started structuring an innovative school of urban morphological thought grounded on that invaluable basis. Over the last decades, Whitehand has been a key contributor to the definition of urban morphology as a field of knowledge and, within it, to the establishment of the historico-geographical approach, proposing and refining a number of morphological theories, concepts and methods. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 412-432 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626266 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626266 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:412-432 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deirdre Pfeiffer Author-X-Name-First: Deirdre Author-X-Name-Last: Pfeiffer Author-Name: Genevieve Pearthree Author-X-Name-First: Genevieve Author-X-Name-Last: Pearthree Author-Name: Meagan M. Ehlenz Author-X-Name-First: Meagan M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ehlenz Title: Inventing what Millennials want downtown: housing the urban generation in low-density metropolitan regions Abstract: Evidence is growing that a large subset of U.S. Millennials prefers to live in walkable communities near amenities. Yet, we know relatively little about how developers are translating Millennial preferences into “sticks and bricks.†This research helps fill the gap by exploring how real estate developers are cementing Millennial preferences into housing developments located downtown in the low-density metropolitan regions of Phoenix and Houston. Using data from the U.S. Census, regional media, and expert interviews, we find that developers perceive Millennials as needing housing that is authentic, flexible, socially conscious, and provides an inside/out, constantly connected lifestyle. These developers have incorporated these perceptions into new downtown projects through innovative building design and site selection, which has generated more urban housing options in the Phoenix and Houston regions, while also raising concerns about regulatory threats, Millennials’ ability (and desire) to age in place, and social equity. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 433-455 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626267 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626267 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:433-455 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cynthia Girling Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia Author-X-Name-Last: Girling Author-Name: K. Zheng Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Author-Name: A. Monti Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Monti Author-Name: M. Ebneshahidi Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ebneshahidi Title: Walkability vs. walking: assessing outcomes of walkability at Southeast False Creek, Vancouver, Canada Abstract: If a neighbourhood is designed and built according to best practices for walkable neighbourhood design, will people respond and walk in the public realm? This was a narrowly focused case study of a brownfield redevelopment in Vancouver, Canada, intentionally designed to be highly walkable. Methods included a Walk Score® analysis, both in-person and video observational studies of people using three public spaces over a nine-month period, supplemented with questionnaires. Observational studies and questionnaires revealed high numbers of people using the public spaces for walking and active mobility throughout the year in all weather conditions, validating a very high Walk Score®. However, the study also uncovered unexpected patterns of walking and motivations for walking, which reveals the value of post-occupancy observational and survey studies to fully understand how specific attributes of the neighbourhood landscape may significantly change what people value and how they use the public realm. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 456-475 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626269 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626269 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:456-475 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charlotte Wrigley-Asante Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley-Asante Author-Name: Louis Kusi Frimpong Author-X-Name-First: Louis Kusi Author-X-Name-Last: Frimpong Author-Name: Jane Tornuxi Amu Author-X-Name-First: Jane Tornuxi Author-X-Name-Last: Amu Author-Name: George Owusu Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Owusu Author-Name: Martin Oteng-Ababio Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Oteng-Ababio Title: Determinants of perceived insecurity in a low-income neighborhood in Accra, Ghana Abstract: This study examines perception of safety and security, factors that influence this perception and the consequences of feeling insecure within Nima, a low-income neighborhood in Accra, Ghana. The study is important because previous studies on crime and insecurity in urban areas in Ghana have concentrated on inter-urban analysis, with limited attention given to the safety and security dynamics within a particular neighborhood. Our study thus provides an insider perspective on security and safety issues in the Nima neighborhood. A mixed-methods approach was used in both the data collection and analysis of the results. The study found that a majority of the respondents perceived Nima to be safe, which is contrary to outsiders’ perception and media reports about the neighborhood. For those who had some safety concerns, it was revealed that their safety concerns were largely accounted for by neighborhood-level factors such as availability of street lights and social cohesion and these contributed to behavioral and psychological reactions to feelings of insecurity among some respondents. We argue that addressing safety concerns of individuals will be more effective if broader structural issues are addressed in the neighborhood. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 476-495 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1635189 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1635189 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:476-495 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ashima Krishna Author-X-Name-First: Ashima Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna Author-Name: Enjoli Hall Author-X-Name-First: Enjoli Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: Serendipitous conservation: faith-to-faith conversion of historic churches in Buffalo Abstract: US cities with shrinking populations have faced tremendous challenges in conserving their built heritage. Often, conservation work involves adaptively reusing existing buildings. Most reuse activity is fuelled by the developer and market-driven rehabilitation of historic properties through tax credits and other incentives. Places of worship like churches, however, are difficult to rehabilitate, and cities lose this urban heritage after years of vacancy and neglect, and eventual demolition. In many shrinking cities, particularly those now welcoming new immigrants and refugees, serendipitous conservation of vacant churches through faith-to-faith conversion can be an asset to local planners and preservationists in their fight to save urban heritage from demolition. This paper examines two former Roman Catholic Churches in the City of Buffalo: one converted into an Islamic mosque, and another into a Buddhist temple, to argue that faith-to-faith conversions can be a viable tool for other US cities experiencing similar threats to their urban heritage. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 496-521 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1647276 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1647276 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:496-521 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Kitson Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Kitson Title: Home touring as hospitable urbanism Abstract: This paper twins theories of urbanism and feminist hospitality in exploring the practice of historic home touring as demonstrative of hospitable urbanism, an ethical opening of self and neighborhood to strangers. In Phoenix, Arizona, the quintessential “ahistorical†sprawling metropolis, historic home touring is particularly evocative. With 35 residential historic districts covering much of the central city, Phoenix boasts an entire home tour season each spring. I consider the opening of private homes to the public a gesture of urban welcome critical in tempering the exclusionary tendencies of historic districts. Such seemingly minor practices are increasingly perceived as consequential in generating (or foreclosing) lived community amid difference (gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, migration status, religion, etc.). Without striving toward openness, vulnerability, and inclusion, urban communities risk becoming shuttered, sterile, and disconnected from public life. However brief or atmospheric, a gesture of urban welcome requires the consideration of strangers in the first place. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 77-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1111924 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1111924 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:77-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Victoria Derr Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Derr Author-Name: Ildikó G. Kovács Author-X-Name-First: Ildikó G. Author-X-Name-Last: Kovács Title: How participatory processes impact children and contribute to planning: a case study of neighborhood design from Boulder, Colorado, USA Abstract: Young people have much to offer urban planning, yet are not often included in such processes. A unique partnership in Boulder, Colorado, provides a venue for young people’s participation in city planning. Boulder is in many ways a learning laboratory with progressive ideals and sustainability thinking. As the city began planning for its Comprehensive Housing Strategy, tensions about the future of density within the city emerged. Participatory planning can have significant impacts on children and can also contribute new ideas to planning processes. In this study, young people demonstrated attitudinal changes toward government, increased recognition of diverse needs within a city, and integration of social and environmental sustainability into their recommendations for neighborhood planning. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 29-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1111925 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1111925 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:29-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William Riggs Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Riggs Title: Walkability: to quantify or not to quantify Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 125-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1111926 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1111926 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:125-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kim Dovey Author-X-Name-First: Kim Author-X-Name-Last: Dovey Author-Name: Mirjana Ristic Author-X-Name-First: Mirjana Author-X-Name-Last: Ristic Title: Mapping urban assemblages: the production of spatial knowledge Abstract: This paper engages with the ontology and epistemology of urban mapping. While geographical information system (GIS) and other digital technologies have long transformed the capacities for representation of urban data, this paper explores the capacity of mapping to produce new ways of seeing, understanding, planning and designing the city. With a primary focus on urban morphology, distinctions and overlaps between mapping, diagramming, planning and designing are articulated within a framework of assemblage thinking. Through cases drawn from urban design research, we analyse the mapping of political conflict, transport flows, functional mix and informal settlement. It is argued that urban mapping is a form of spatial knowledge production that is often diagrammatic, embodying a spatial logic that cannot be reduced to words and numbers. Urban mapping constructs interconnections between the ways the city is perceived, conceived and lived; and it can reveal capacities for urban transformation – the city as a space of possibility. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 15-28 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1112298 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1112298 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:15-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nick Bailey Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Bailey Title: Housing at the neighbourhood level: a review of the initial approaches to neighbourhood development plans under the Localism Act 2011 in England Abstract: The Localism Act 2011 created an opportunity for local communities to form neighbourhood forums and to prepare their own neighbourhood development plans in urban and rural areas in England. Initial reactions suggested that, rather than leading to the development of more housing, these initiatives would confirm all the stereotypes of local residents blocking unwanted development in their defined neighbourhoods. However, neighbourhood plans need to be in general conformity with the core strategies of higher-tier plans and often make provision for more new homes than planned before 2011. This article discusses the role and purpose of neighbourhood plans, the evidence base on which they are founded and some of the legal challenges which have helped clarify procedures. It then identifies two types of plan based on the ways housing strategies and evidence of need are reflected in a sample of 10 plans which have been made to date. It concludes that the voluntary nature of localism to date tends to favour more rural and affluent areas and ends with an assessment of the impact of neighbourhood plans on the planning process. It suggests that the implications for spatial planning may be far-reaching. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-14 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1112299 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1112299 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:1-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Ian Borer Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Ian Borer Title: Re-sensing Las Vegas: aesthetic entrepreneurship and local urban culture Abstract: Cities are dense, sensory environments that provide various stimuli that require interpretation and representation. The embodied sensuous lived experience of urban life, however, is much more dynamic and fluid than any one representation can encompass. A conflict often emerges between the dominant image of a city and what actually happens in it. As such, this creates a tension about a city’s ‘sense of place.’ I employ the notion of ‘aesthetic entrepreneurship’ to designate the practices of certain individuals who seek to create new senses of place in the face of opposition or in times of social crisis. I explore the ways aesthetic entrepreneurs have used sensory knowledge to create alternative narratives and images of Las Vegas after the economic crash of 2008. Each of the aesthetic entrepreneurs discussed here has actively sought to develop a new sense of place for a city popularly defined by its dominant neon imagery. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 111-124 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1139619 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1139619 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:111-124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph F. Cabrera Author-X-Name-First: Joseph F. Author-X-Name-Last: Cabrera Author-Name: Stephan Scholz Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Scholz Author-Name: George Hobor Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Hobor Author-Name: Omar Lizardo Author-X-Name-First: Omar Author-X-Name-Last: Lizardo Title: Integrating “standard†residents into “non-standard†communities: a longitudinal analysis of social capital in a new urbanist development Abstract: This article examines how levels of social capital in a new urbanist community change over time. We collected demographic and social capital data in a new urbanist community in 2001 and then again in 2010. The findings indicate that this community experienced an overall decline in social capital over this nine-year period. Additionally, we found that while residents new to the community were less concerned with social capital than long-term residents in the community, the latter group had also declined significantly in their levels of social capital. Overall, the results suggest that planners of new urbanist and other intentional communities should consider the impact of changing demographics when designing new subdivisions. Most importantly, residents and community leaders need to consider alternative means by which social capital can be retained as new residents are integrated into established communities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 63-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1139620 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1139620 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:63-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert B. Noland Author-X-Name-First: Robert B. Author-X-Name-Last: Noland Author-Name: Marc D. Weiner Author-X-Name-First: Marc D. Author-X-Name-Last: Weiner Author-Name: Dong Gao Author-X-Name-First: Dong Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Michael P. Cook Author-X-Name-First: Michael P. Author-X-Name-Last: Cook Author-Name: Anton Nelessen Author-X-Name-First: Anton Author-X-Name-Last: Nelessen Title: Eye-tracking technology, visual preference surveys, and urban design: preliminary evidence of an effective methodology Abstract: Urban planners and designers use visual preference surveys to gather public opinion on potential designs for developments. Using eye-tracking technology, we administered a visual preference survey to a convenience sample to evaluate quantitatively the ways in which individuals process and rank images used in public settings for urban planning. We combined both a subjective qualitative analysis with quantitative evaluation of the eye-tracking data. The analysis largely confirms that various new urbanist components of the images, namely people, pedestrian features, and greenery, lead to higher rankings. Images with cars and parking receive negative rankings. Buildings, which are a key component of architectural design, had mixed results. The analysis demonstrates the efficacy of visual preference surveys. We show a way for transportation and urban planners to extract greater value from visual preference surveys, consistent with efforts to increase pedestrian activity while reducing motor vehicle traffic in cities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 98-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1187197 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1187197 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:98-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dea van Lierop Author-X-Name-First: Dea Author-X-Name-Last: van Lierop Author-Name: Kees Maat Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Maat Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy Title: Talking TOD: learning about transit-oriented development in the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands Abstract: City and regional governments in North America and the Netherlands are implementing transit-oriented development (TOD) policies to provide residents with accessible and compact communities that are socially, environmentally, and economically sustainable. Through 13 in-depth semi-structured interviews with planners and transportation professionals in the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands, this study attempts to identify the factors that practitioners in these regions determine to be essential for the post-development success of TOD. Our analysis reveals that seven key elements contribute to the success of TOD which are approached differently by planners in the three regions. The study concludes by suggesting ways in which professionals could integrate land use and transportation projects based on planning for flexibility, accessibility, and collaboration. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 49-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1192558 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1192558 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:49-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel A. Rodriguez Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A. Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez Author-Name: C. Erik Vergel-Tovar Author-X-Name-First: C. Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Vergel-Tovar Title: Urban development around bus rapid transit stops in seven cities in Latin-America Abstract: Although bus rapid transit (BRT) has become a popular transportation innovation worldwide, little is known about the built environment around the stops of these systems. A typology of urban development around 81 BRT stops in 7 cities in Latin America was developed and their daily BRT ridership examined. Primary and secondary data collected around the stops were the basis for factor and cluster analyses. Ten stop types were identified, with some types including attributes consistent with expectations of transit-oriented development areas. Other stops captured conditions prevalent in many cities in Latin America: mixed land uses, informal housing distant from activity nodes, large commercial developments, and a relative absence of green spaces open to the public. Confirming expectations, stop types with a higher transit orientation were more likely to have higher ridership than other stops such as those burdened by incompatible land uses and barriers to station access. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 175-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1372507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1372507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:175-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carolina S. Sarmiento Author-X-Name-First: Carolina S. Author-X-Name-Last: Sarmiento Author-Name: J. Revel Sims Author-X-Name-First: J. Revel Author-X-Name-Last: Sims Author-Name: Alfonso Morales Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso Author-X-Name-Last: Morales Title: Little Free Libraries: an examination of micro-urbanist interventions Abstract: Micro-urban interventions at the smallest scales represent a challenge for planners concerned with social justice and urban theory. This paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of micro-urbanism through an exploration of the Little Free Library phenomenon. Two case studies in Madison, Wisconsin and Santa Ana, California provide data for a combined quantitative and qualitative analysis that together support a complicated view of the phenomenon and offer insights into urban theory. In particular, the article proposes that Little Free Libraries represent micro-urbanist actions, which can be analyzed according to a theoretical terrain that often blurs the boundaries between “do-it-yourself,†tactical, and guerrilla urbanism. Our research supports the view that micro-urban interventions can take on different forms as either a grassroots contribution to resolving urban problems or a bottom-up effort reinforcing existing and developing spatial inequities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 233-253 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1387588 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1387588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:233-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hamid Azizi Bondarabady Author-X-Name-First: Hamid Author-X-Name-Last: Azizi Bondarabady Author-Name: Amir Reza Khavarian-Garmsir Author-X-Name-First: Amir Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Khavarian-Garmsir Title: The structural variability of quarters and residential areas in the historical texture of the city of Yazd based on Islamic rules and jurisprudence: a case study of Golchinan quarter Abstract: According to many researchers and scholars, religious beliefs can be considered as the most influential factor in forming Muslim urban spaces and their architectural elements. In fact, historical cities reflect the culture and beliefs of their residences. Among all historical places in Iranian cities, the historical texture of the city of Yazd, especially the quarters since the age of Qajar dynasty, are well preserved. The present study aims at identifying the Islamic principles and values influencing the formation of architectural spaces and the extent of their applications in one of the historical quarters known as Golchinan. The results of the conformation of the theoretical findings with the data acquired from field studies revealed that almost 90% of the urban and architectural spaces (e.g. residential areas, mosques, bazaars, and pathways) in Yazd are directly influenced by Islamic principles. In other words, there is a strong conformity between the accepted Islamic values of the society and what actually was applied to urban constructions during Qajar dynasty. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 202-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1417888 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1417888 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:202-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kara S. Luckey Author-X-Name-First: Kara S. Author-X-Name-Last: Luckey Author-Name: Wesley E. Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Wesley E. Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Author-Name: Catherine Durso Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Durso Author-Name: Carol Atkinson-Palombo Author-X-Name-First: Carol Author-X-Name-Last: Atkinson-Palombo Title: Residential preferences, transit accessibility and social equity: insights from the Denver region Abstract: Our work exploring preferences of Denver metropolitan area households in deciding where to live provides important insights for regions seeking to leverage investments in transit and promote social equity through transit-oriented communities (TOC). Through a choice-based approach, we find evidence of widespread support for characteristics of TOC, with similar preferences for transit- and pedestrian-accessible environments among low-income and more affluent households. However, despite similar preferences, we find that affluent households moved to station areas after the arrival of light rail in much larger proportions than low-income households, pointing to trends consistent with local and national evidence of increased housing prices (and, likely, gentrification) near transit. If these trends continue without additional supplies of housing affordable to low- and moderate-income households in transit-rich neighbourhoods, those who are most likely to benefit from and use transit are likely to face increasing difficulty in realising preferences for TOC. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 149-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1422531 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1422531 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:149-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark C. Childs Author-X-Name-First: Mark C. Author-X-Name-Last: Childs Title: Small town composition: sketching a shared area of argument Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 254-256 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1422534 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1422534 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:254-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William Riggs Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Riggs Author-Name: Bruce Appleyard Author-X-Name-First: Bruce Author-X-Name-Last: Appleyard Title: The economic impact of one to two-way street conversions: advancing a context-sensitive framework Abstract: As many communities across the US convert one-way streets to two-way traffic flow, a growing body of work seeks to understand the implications. While some work indicates that there can be road safety and performance benefits to these conversions, only a small number of papers deal with the economic implications. This paper examines the economic impact of one to two-way street conversions, using six case studies between 2004 and 2011. Researchers analyzed these cases, looking at relative job growth in conversion areas as compared to the local economy on both an aggregate and job sector basis. These data are then compared with relative income growth and an evaluation of qualitative outcomes. The results illustrate that investment streetscape improvements may have benefit particularly for arts and entertainment sectors, but also need to connect to larger economic development and livability strategy. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 129-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1422535 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1422535 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:129-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fiona J. Andrews Author-X-Name-First: Fiona J. Author-X-Name-Last: Andrews Author-Name: Louise Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Author-Name: Elyse Warner Author-X-Name-First: Elyse Author-X-Name-Last: Warner Title: “A tapestry without instructions.†Lived experiences of community in an outer suburb of Melbourne, Australia Abstract: The suburbs located on the metropolitan edges of Australian cities are popular residential locations, but concerns have been raised about social isolation in these developing communities. This paper explores residents’ lived experiences of community in an outer-suburb of Melbourne using a phenomenological approach and photo-elicited interviews. Nine participants photographed positive and less favourable aspects of their suburb and these images were used to guide in-depth interviews. Findings indicated that participants’ views on what it meant to be a community and how they went about making social connections did not align exclusively with concepts of community saved, lost or liberated, but included broad aspirations around community building, helping and being helped by strangers and online place-based relationships. Overall, residents’ experiences were complex suggesting researchers, government and developers alike need to pay closer attention to how residents themselves create community in new and evolving suburbs. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 257-276 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1363077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1363077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:257-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fransje L. Hooimeijer Author-X-Name-First: Fransje L. Author-X-Name-Last: Hooimeijer Author-Name: Linda Maring Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Maring Title: The significance of the subsurface in urban renewal Abstract: The subsurface is a technical space, the “engine room of the city,†that incorporates the vital functions of water and energy supply, communication systems, sewers and drainage. Natural systems too – crucial for stable, dry, cool and nature inclusive cities – are also largely dependent on the quality of the subsoil. The subsurface is critical in an era of climate and demographic changes, the energy transition and economic uncertainty and constraints. However, due to the domain’s current segregation and a weak urban design and planning connection, crucial design potential, benefits and innovations, remain unexploited. This paper first introduces an innovative systems approach, the System Exploration Environment and Subsurface (SEES), to recognise the subsurface as an “under-arching†domain for urban planning and design. The physical impact of the subsurface on the surface quality is described for the categories: civil constructions, water, energy and soil/ecology. After setting understanding of the surface and subsurface as one united space, the paper will go into using the SEES as knowledge brokerage tool, integrating the subsurface artefacts into the design process and how the concept of Reversed Engineering with Nature is useful to uncover synergies between subsurface technologies, new urban maintenance regimes and scripts for design. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 303-328 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1422532 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1422532 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:303-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sonia A. Hirt Author-X-Name-First: Sonia A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hirt Title: Privileging the private home: a case of persuasive storytelling in early twentieth-century professional discourses Abstract: The private, detached single-family house has long been a dominant feature in the cities, towns, and suburbs of the United States to a much greater extent than in most other Western nations. To this very day, the private home is considered a constitutive element of the “American Dream.†This paper seeks to uncover some of the mechanisms through which this house acquired commanding presence in the American imagination and, consequently, in American metropolitan space. Specifically, the paper turns to professional discourses from the early 1900s. The paper argues that city-building experts from that time period – architects, housing reformers, and urban planners – collectively envisioned the detached single-family house as having a privileged claim to the American city and converted this vision into a persuasive story. Through their storytelling, the experts helped craft a number of government strategies that defended the dominant position of the single-family dwelling in the American city through the remainder of the twentieth century. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 277-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1422533 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1422533 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:277-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olumuyiwa Bayode Adegun Author-X-Name-First: Olumuyiwa Bayode Author-X-Name-Last: Adegun Title: When green is grievous: downsides in human-nature interactions in informal urban settlements Abstract: Considering how poor households relate with natural ecosystems is crucial to achieving environmentally sustainable low-income communities in South Africa and beyond. This paper presents negative experiences associated with residents’ interactions with, perceptions of, and appropriations of natural ecosystems and green spaces in informal settlements in Johannesburg. In-depth interviews with residents in two communities, key informants, and transect walks were used to identify problems associated with domestic gardens and vegetation in riparian and non-riparian open spaces. Inadequate services and infrastructure exacerbates these problems. This work contributes to knowledge regarding undesirable aspects of green infrastructure in the context of urban poverty. Understanding the downsides in human-nature interactions can usefully inform ecologically sound intervention in low-income informal urban areas. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 347-361 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1470102 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1470102 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:347-361 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olumuyiwa Bayode Adegun Author-X-Name-First: Olumuyiwa Bayode Author-X-Name-Last: Adegun Title: Residents’ relationship with green infrastructure in Cosmo City, Johannesburg Abstract: Scholars have expressed concerns about environmental sustainability in low-income housing development in South Africa in terms of the poor households’ relationship with, access to and benefit from natural ecosystems and green spaces. Using a qualitative research approach – discourse-based methods (semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion and transect walks), this paper shows how low-income households in Cosmo City, Johannesburg (South Africa) benefit from green infrastructure at the domestic, neighbourhood and riparian scales. The central lesson from this case is that landscape/urban design, planning and management must recognise and respond to socio-economic and socio-ecological realities and dynamics inherent in the ways low-income households relate with green infrastructure. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 329-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1470103 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1470103 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:329-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Margrete SkÃ¥r Author-X-Name-First: Margrete Author-X-Name-Last: SkÃ¥r Author-Name: Helena Nordh Author-X-Name-First: Helena Author-X-Name-Last: Nordh Author-Name: Grete Swensen Author-X-Name-First: Grete Author-X-Name-Last: Swensen Title: Green urban cemeteries: more than just parks Abstract: Inspired of Lefebvre’s and De Certau’s perspectives on social production of space, this study aims to explore cemeteries’ functions in urban life nowadays. Our starting point is that green urban cemeteries have two main functions: their primary purpose is as a burial ground, while their secondary function is as public spaces for reflections, recreation, and cultural encounters. We ask for whom the cemeteries are designed and managed, and in what ways they are actually used. To explore these questions, qualitative data from two cemeteries in Oslo is analyzed. Both visitors and people passing through the sites were interviewed during the summer of 2014 about their intention to be at the cemetery and their views about the place. We point to a series of positive measures rather than forbidden signs that should be instigated to help promoting the great potential green urban cemeteries have for citizens and a future sustainable city. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 362-382 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1470104 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1470104 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:362-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Title: City of well-being: a radical guide to planning Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 383-385 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1472725 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1472725 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:383-385 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: PatrÃcia Schappo Author-X-Name-First: PatrÃcia Author-X-Name-Last: Schappo Author-Name: Rianne van Melik Author-X-Name-First: Rianne Author-X-Name-Last: van Melik Title: Meeting on the marketplace: on the integrative potential of The Hague Market Abstract: Marketplaces are important commercial and gathering places in cities. After decades of decline and negligence, they are recently rediscovered as potential meeting grounds that bring different people together. Their integrative potential goes beyond the “ground level†of the market (with encounters between traders and visitors), also uniting different stakeholders (municipalities, traders, entrepreneurs, inhabitants, social institutions) joined around the market on an “organisational levelâ€. Using The Hague Market in the Netherlands as case, and drawing on participant observation and semi-structured interviews, this paper investigates the integrative potential of the marketplace. It illustrates how the market indeed serves as an important meeting ground for external stakeholders, but does not (yet) unify the direct beneficiaries: the local government and market traders. Top-down government planning, previous conflicts, distrust, group loyalties, diverging business views and commercial competition are important factors hampering the integrative potential of The Hague Market. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 318-332 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1223741 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1223741 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:318-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhihua Zhou Author-X-Name-First: Zhihua Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Title: New urban paradigm beyond the west: investigating the regeneration of urban villages in Guangzhou, China Abstract: This paper investigates the regeneration process of four urban villages in Guangzhou, China. It finds that the institutional dichotomy of the rural and urban systems in land ownership and planning management has not only rooted the emergence and proliferation of urban villages, but also obstructed their regeneration. The core of urban village regeneration is the redistribution of interest derived from land appreciation; the current regulatory framework has difficulties in accommodating this redistribution and alternative legislation is needed. Collaboration formed by some powerful stakeholders is proved to be essential for project completion, and this partnership formation has to some extent weakened the top-down single-actor planning mechanism, which has been the routine in socialist China for decades. The study identifies the dynamics of land regeneration, suggesting that there is no single universal prescribed form of land regeneration. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 257-274 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1224266 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1224266 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:257-274 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhixi Cecilia Zhuang Author-X-Name-First: Zhixi Cecilia Author-X-Name-Last: Zhuang Author-Name: Amanda Xiaoxuan Chen Author-X-Name-First: Amanda Xiaoxuan Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: The role of ethnic retailing in retrofitting suburbia: case studies from Toronto, Canada Abstract: Today’s immigrants to Canada are increasingly and directly settling into suburban areas of major cities; a trend that has resulted in new retail opportunities: suburban ethnic shopping centres are a growing phenomenon in areas with major immigrant settlement. This paper discusses the development and retrofitting processes of three suburban Chinese shopping malls in the Toronto area. The paper explores how these malls successfully regenerated areas once affected by business decline and how they can act as a catalyst to develop a new urban form that makes the suburban landscape less uniform and more sustainable. Various perspectives from key players involved in ethnic retail activities and developments were collected, including surveys with entrepreneurs and shoppers, and semi-structured interviews with city councillors, city planners, developers and an architect. The paper suggests that municipalities could invest in established ethnic retail places as an innovative means of “retrofitting suburbia.†Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 275-295 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1254671 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1254671 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:275-295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Piatkowski Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Piatkowski Author-Name: Wesley Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Wesley Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Author-Name: Nader Afzalan Author-X-Name-First: Nader Author-X-Name-Last: Afzalan Title: Can web-based community engagement inform equitable planning outcomes? A case study of bikesharing Abstract: Web-based engagement is increasingly popular because of its perceived ability to increase access to the planning process with less effort than traditional methods. Currently, the utility of these approaches for meeting the needs of all members of a community is unclear. This research tests whether web-based engagement can forward equitable planning outcomes by examining proposed bikeshare station locations collected via a web-application; operationalizing equity as equal access to bikeshare station locations across all populations. Results indicate that solely relying upon online outreach would lead to an inequitable distribution of station locations. Suggested station locations are negatively-correlated with increased minority populations and positively-correlated with an increased mix of employment and housing. As such, we determine that while online outreach is a convenient and efficient means of collecting vast amounts of information, on its own it is not well-suited to planning applications in which access-equity is a primary concern. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 296-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1254672 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1254672 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:296-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick C. Braga Author-X-Name-First: Patrick C. Author-X-Name-Last: Braga Title: Rethinking the Providence Hill cable car: transit, equity, and urban design in Rio de Janeiro Abstract: In July 2014, the oldest slum in Rio de Janeiro, Morro da Providência (“Providence Hillâ€), received a cable car meant to facilitate up- and downhill commuting for residents of this hilltop community adjacent to downtown. Socioeconomic indicators suggest that this community was an ideal recipient of such a project, which facilitated mobility to center-city transit and potential employment. Yet the resulting impact on the adjacent built environment may have negatively impacted small-business vitality and development opportunities for residents of the community. Using social indicators and urban design analysis, this paper examines the distributional and design implications of these choices and proposes improvements. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 310-317 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1254673 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1254673 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:310-317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ombretta Romice Author-X-Name-First: Ombretta Author-X-Name-Last: Romice Title: Cognitive architecture. Designing for how we respond to the built environment Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 383-384 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1278816 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1278816 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:383-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patience Adzande Author-X-Name-First: Patience Author-X-Name-Last: Adzande Author-Name: Timothy Terver Gyuse Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Terver Author-X-Name-Last: Gyuse Title: Territoriality and safety in urban residential neighborhoods in Nigeria Abstract: The paper compares types and distribution of crime in residential areas with fences and street barricades to areas without and assesses the implications on the neighborhood safety and crime control. It explores the residents’ perception of crime and safety before and after the introduction of physical barriers. The results show that similar crimes occur in both areas, with the highest incidences recorded in the higher and medium-income areas. Location did not significantly influence crime incidence, location and street barricades together produced a significant influence on crime incidences (F = 17.853; Sig. = .00). Fences and street barricades have slight effect on crime incidences (R = .418; R2 = .175). Retreating behind the walls provides opportunity for street crimes. Despite recording high incidences of crime, residents’ perception of safety improved after the introduction of street gates and barricades. The study concludes that alternatives to gates, fences, and street barricades are imperative. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 333-355 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1295095 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1295095 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:333-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Santos Nouri Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Nouri Author-Name: João Pedro Costa Author-X-Name-First: João Pedro Author-X-Name-Last: Costa Title: Placemaking and climate change adaptation: new qualitative and quantitative considerations for the “Place Diagram†Abstract: Today, although most of the international research community considers climate change adaptation to be essential, there is limited knowledge on its concrete integration with contemporary placemaking. Yet, with the emergence of the adaptation agenda, the effects of urban climatology are continually coercing the need for concrete action to increase the climatic responsiveness of urban environments. This article is constructed upon a “Research for Design†approach, and focuses upon improving urban design guidelines by reviewing existing theoretical/empirical research on how pedestrian comfort levels can be addressed through public space design. The objective is to incorporate such qualitative and quantitative interrogations into a generic tool such as the “Place Diagram†by the PPS. A total of six intangible criteria, and six measurable attributes, are explored and structured in order to introduce new generic design considerations which can contribute to the responsiveness of urban outdoor spaces in an era of expected climate variability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 356-382 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1295096 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1295096 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:356-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kostas Mouratidis Author-X-Name-First: Kostas Author-X-Name-Last: Mouratidis Title: Rethinking how built environments influence subjective well-being: a new conceptual framework Abstract: This paper aims to contribute to understanding the role of the built environment in subjective well-being (SWB). The paper presents a new conceptual framework that integrates and links together: (a) different sets of objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics, (b) different perspectives on SWB – hedonic, life satisfaction, and eudaimonic, and (c) mediating factors that explain how neighborhood characteristics influence SWB. These mediating factors are personal relationships, leisure activities, health, and neighborhood impact on emotions and mood. SWB can be a new powerful tool for planning and designing livable built environments and for evaluating the social sustainability of planning policies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 24-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310749 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310749 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:24-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona Author-Name: Claudio de Magalhães Author-X-Name-First: Claudio Author-X-Name-Last: de Magalhães Author-Name: Lucy Natarajan Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Natarajan Title: Design governance the CABE way, its effectiveness and legitimacy Abstract: From its creation in 1999 to its demise as a government-funded organisation 11 years later, the Commission for Architecture & the Built Environment (CABE) fronted a national drive in England for better design in the built environment. Whilst not universally supported at home, its scope and ambition were certainly impressive, and as an organisation it was unique on a global scale. As such the study of this exceptional initiative offers an unparalleled opportunity to shine a light on the often unfathomable processes of governing the design of development. This paper reflects on the organisation in two key ways. First, from the narrow perspective of CABE’s impact: what worked and what did not; and what can we learn from CABE. Second, what does the experience tell us about the nature and purpose of design governance and about the role and legitimacy of government within this most “wicked†of policy arenas. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1341425 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1341425 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip Speranza Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Speranza Title: A human-scaled GIS: measuring and visualizing social interaction in Barcelona’s Abstract: Social interaction is a key component of urban sustainability, but its spatial measurement is difficult using existing off-site GIS data. This paper reports on a new method of measuring social interaction using a combination of mobile technology and parametric software, which was tested on two of Barcelona’s new semi-pedestrian superilles. The research is introduced within a theoretical framework for social interaction and cohesion adapted from a broader index of sustainability. It shows how on-site data collection can be used to measure the capacity of urban spaces to support social interaction. It is argued that the combination of mobile technologies, GIS data, and predetermined indicators of the capacity of spaces to support positive human experiences offers an important complement to more traditional methods of recording and measuring the qualities of urban spaces. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 41-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1341426 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1341426 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:41-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Mubi Brighenti Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Mubi Author-X-Name-Last: Brighenti Author-Name: Andrea Pavoni Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Pavoni Title: Climbing the city. Inhabiting verticality outside of comfort bubbles Abstract: Over the last couple of decades, urban sports have been studied – as well as, in many cases, celebrated – as critical forms of using urban space. Urban climbing, a practice also known as “street bouldering,†“buildering,†“structuring,†and “stegophilia,†has been much explored in this vein. While we acknowledge the importance of bringing to light the political and playful dimensions of the urban spatial experience, in this piece we would like to focus on a slightly different question. We approach it as a powerful means to probe and understand the finest constitution of urban environments and, more amply, urban morphology. By doing so, we wish, on the one hand, to zoom in as closely as possible onto the actual bodily practice of climbing, and, on the other, to attend its methodological implications in terms of a reflection on bodily techniques in the context of a natural history of the city. We describe urban climbing as a peculiar corporeal operation carried out at and, more precisely, on the limits of environmental control. In conclusion, the article suggests that, by highlighting the meaning of inhabiting a vertical open space of a peculiar kind, a close-up study of urban climbing might help to develop contemporary urban theory. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 63-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1360377 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1360377 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:63-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juliet Patricia Davis Author-X-Name-First: Juliet Patricia Author-X-Name-Last: Davis Title: The resilience of a London Great Estate: urban development, adaptive capacity and the politics of stewardship Abstract: This paper explores the concept of resilience through the planning, development and management history of one of London’s Great Estates. The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair and Belgravia was developed incrementally from the 1720s and continues to be managed on behalf of the aristocratic Grosvenor family. The Great Estates have been described as exemplars of resiliently managed evolution in response to change in several publications and resilience acquired a strategic significance for Grosvenor in the early twenty-first century. This occurred in the context of the phenomenon of empty homes acquired by overseas investors which has steadily transformed the character of inner London areas, but also related to Grosvenor’s management future. The paper argues that the Grosvenor Estate provides an intriguing case for testing academic ideas of “evolutionary resilience†while also raising issues of how resilience concepts are mobilised within the socio-political worlds of planning, development and real estate management practice. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 103-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1360378 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1360378 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:103-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heleen Buldeo Rai Author-X-Name-First: Heleen Author-X-Name-Last: Buldeo Rai Author-Name: Tom van Lier Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: van Lier Author-Name: Dries Meers Author-X-Name-First: Dries Author-X-Name-Last: Meers Author-Name: Cathy Macharis Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis Title: An indicator approach to sustainable urban freight transport Abstract: Several indicators have been established to monitor and evaluate the sustainability of cities. Logistics and related transportation activities are underrepresented in these established frameworks despite the substantial negative impact of urban freight transport (UFT) on the environment, society and economy. The result is the lack of an understanding of freight flows’ impact on the liveability of cities. This paper fills this gap by introducing a comprehensive set of freight transport related indicators with an operational target in policy support and urban planning. It provides a discussion of its hierarchical design and 45 indicators. Using this indicator set, local authorities can assess and enhance UFT sustainability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 81-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1363076 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1363076 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:81-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana A. Hirsch Author-X-Name-First: Jana A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hirsch Author-Name: Geoffrey F. Green Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey F. Author-X-Name-Last: Green Author-Name: Marc Peterson Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Peterson Author-Name: Daniel A. Rodriguez Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A. Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez Author-Name: Penny Gordon-Larsen Author-X-Name-First: Penny Author-X-Name-Last: Gordon-Larsen Title: Neighborhood sociodemographics and change in built infrastructure Abstract: While increasing evidence suggests an association between physical infrastructure in neighborhoods and health outcomes, relatively little research examines how neighborhoods change physically over time and how these physical improvements are spatially distributed across populations. This paper describes the change over 25 years (1985–2010) in bicycle lanes, off-road trails, bus transit service and parks, and spatial clusters of changes in these domains relative to neighborhood sociodemographics in four US cities that are diverse in terms of geography, size, and population. Across all four cities we identified increases in bicycle lanes, off-road trails, and bus transit service, with spatial clustering in these changes that related to neighborhood sociodemographics. Overall, we found evidence of positive changes in physical infrastructure commonly identified as supportive of physical activity. However, the patterning of infrastructure change by sociodemographic change encourages attention to the equity in infrastructure improvements across neighborhoods. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 181-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1212914 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1212914 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:181-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mahsa Mansouri Author-X-Name-First: Mahsa Author-X-Name-Last: Mansouri Author-Name: Norsidah Ujang Author-X-Name-First: Norsidah Author-X-Name-Last: Ujang Title: Space syntax analysis of tourists’ movement patterns in the historical district of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract: Although many researchers study the walkable environment and physical activities, very few studies demonstrate the important functions of walkable places on tourists’ walking experiences, particularly in Southeast Asian cities. This article evaluates pedestrian networks’ connectivity in Kuala Lumpur’s historic district to support pedestrian tourists’ movement patterns. The methods used in this study are gate observation and space syntax (integration value) analysis. The results indicate that pedestrian movement in the study areas is oriented more to land uses and elements of attractors than to connectivity of walkways. The findings suggest that pedestrian-oriented environments could contribute to the walkability of city centers through the integration of diverse place uses and street activities. The findings can be a useful reference for future urban studies and urban design of walkability to regenerate historical city centers that have lost their importance for tourists. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 163-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1213309 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1213309 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:163-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elek Pafka Author-X-Name-First: Elek Author-X-Name-Last: Pafka Author-Name: Kim Dovey Author-X-Name-First: Kim Author-X-Name-Last: Dovey Title: Permeability and interface catchment: measuring and mapping walkable access Abstract: The relationship between urban morphology and walkability is central to urban design theory and practice. In this paper, we develop new measures for pedestrian permeability and catchment areas, suggesting that their joint use can progress our understanding of the ways urban morphology mediates walkability. Existing measures of permeability do not account for heterogeneous morphologies. Likewise, measures of pedestrian catchment do not account for what it is that is caught. The proposed “area-weighted average perimeter†and “interface catchments†together integrate both street width and block size, measuring both walkable access and what one gets access to. What is at stake is not only correlations with health and transport, but also measures of walkable access that are geared to the social and economic productivity of the city. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 150-162 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1220413 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1220413 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:150-162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ngoc Hong Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Ngoc Author-X-Name-Last: Hong Nguyen Title: Generative forces shaping the traditional city: the case of Hoian, Vietnam Abstract: This study develops a new approach for assessing the form of a traditional city by employing Christopher Alexander’s generative method, which involves pattern and form languages. The pattern language for a traditional city and a new set of 20 properties of urban elements are developed to provide a better framework for understanding urban form. These properties are synthesised from the 15 properties outlined by Alexander and the 10 qualities proposed by Kevin Lynch. The Coherent Index is developed and implemented to assess the impact of generative forces on the urban form of the ancient quarter of Hoian, Vietnam. This study reveals that the ethnic interdependence and integration of the international community, the power of water and trade, and monarchical power were the most important forces that determined the form of Hoian between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 231-253 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1223737 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1223737 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:231-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick Buckley Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley Author-Name: Paul Stangl Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Stangl Author-Name: Jeff Guinn Author-X-Name-First: Jeff Author-X-Name-Last: Guinn Title: Why people walk: modeling foundational and higher order needs based on latent structure Abstract: Researchers are probing motivational factors influencing individuals’ choice to walk. A review of the literature reveals a great deal of variability in the motivators considered. This study identified 15 motivators commonly associated with walkability for use in a pedestrian-intercept survey to measure their influence on pedestrian mode choice to walk in the Mount Pleasant neighborhood of Vancouver, Canada. The results were analyzed using analytical factor analysis and indicated a hierarchical needs model with four significant factors including lower order (urban planning and policy) and higher order (physical geographic; attractiveness and sociability; and personal) needs considered in their decision. The study suggests that lower order factors, which correspond to the 4 Es of pedestrian planning, provide a foundation for encouraging walking, but in order to achieve high levels of walking, it is necessary to adequately address factors related to higher order needs that are often beyond the attention of pedestrian planning. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 129-149 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1223738 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1223738 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:129-149 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raven Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Raven Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Author-Name: Michael Hooper Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Hooper Author-Name: Aldarsaikhan Tuvshinbat Author-X-Name-First: Aldarsaikhan Author-X-Name-Last: Tuvshinbat Title: Towers on the steppe: compact city plans and local perceptions of urban densification in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Abstract: This paper examines how plans for urban densification, particularly those supported by international organisations, intersect with local residents’ perceptions of housing and land use in the developing world. The study focuses on ger districts in Ulaanbaatar, the site of numerous plans for large-scale urban transformation. Ger districts are rapidly growing areas named for the felt tents that are considered their typical housing mode. This study interviewed 120 ger district residents across central, middle and outer areas of the city. The results reveal migration patterns different from those typically reported, with the highest proportions of migrants and renters living in the central district. Interviewees generally held positive views of apartment living, while preferring low-density land use. Residents’ views of density were strongly influenced by Mongolian attitudes to land and open space. The paper concludes by discussing the reasons for, and consequences of, residents’ and international policy-makers’ different framings of urban density. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 217-230 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1223739 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1223739 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:217-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bradley Bereitschaft Author-X-Name-First: Bradley Author-X-Name-Last: Bereitschaft Title: Do “creative†and “non-creative†workers exhibit similar preferences for urban amenities? An exploratory case study of Omaha, Nebraska Abstract: Research into the locational decisions of creative class or knowledge workers has indicated that “classic†or “hard†factors, particularly employment opportunity and social connections, generally take precedence over “softâ€, “quality of place†amenities such as art and cultural venues, historical assets, and tolerance/diversity. However, “soft†amenities are expected to shape where creative class/knowledge workers live within cities, and potentially whether they remain in the community long-term, or seek opportunities elsewhere. In this study, an online survey and questionnaire were employed to explore whether residents living in downtown Omaha, Nebraska with “creative†occupations exhibit stronger preferences for urban amenities relative to those with “non-creative†occupations. Generally in support of Richard Florida’s creative class thesis, the results suggest that creative workers may exhibit a stronger affinity for certain, primarily “soft,†urban amenities and characteristics, such as dining establishments, “third placesâ€, arts/cultural venues, unique sense of place, and the hip, trendy, and youthful feel of Omaha’s downtown neighborhoods. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 198-216 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1223740 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1223740 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:198-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stéphane Sadoux Author-X-Name-First: Stéphane Author-X-Name-Last: Sadoux Title: La métropolisation en question Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 254-255 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1274010 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1274010 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:254-255 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Adam Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Adam Title: Neo-georgian architecture 1880-1970: a reappraisal Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 255-256 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1278815 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1278815 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:2:p:255-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emil Malizia Author-X-Name-First: Emil Author-X-Name-Last: Malizia Author-Name: Yan Song Author-X-Name-First: Yan Author-X-Name-Last: Song Title: Does downtown office property perform better in live–work–play centers? Abstract: Live–work–play (LWP) centers in US metro markets are attracting young workers and employers, and downtowns are the locations often providing LWP. These centers are compact, diverse, mixed-use, and walkable places that improve economic, environmental, fiscal, public health, and social outcomes. This empirical analysis examines the dimensions and features of LWP centers, considers alternative LWP measures, and determines whether real estate performance increases when LWP centers improve. We find that downtown office rents are higher and capitalization rates are lower in better LWP centers ceteris paribus. However, the expected cap rate relationship is not statistically significant. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 372-387 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1056212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1056212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:372-387 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hélène Littke Author-X-Name-First: Hélène Author-X-Name-Last: Littke Author-Name: Ryan Locke Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Locke Author-Name: Tigran Haas Author-X-Name-First: Tigran Author-X-Name-Last: Haas Title: Taking the High Line: elevated parks, transforming neighbourhoods, and the ever-changing relationship between the urban and nature Abstract: The popularity and impact of the High Line in New York mirrors the complex reality of contemporary provision of public space. The development of the project, its relationship to its surroundings and the evolving trend of elevated parks are analyzed in relation to the role of urban green space and impacts of Landscape Urbanism.The High Line shows the way to a new role for urban green space by utilizing abandoned infrastructure. In analysing the narrative of the High Line, this article stresses the importance of understanding localities and connectivity. Based on observations as well as a review of the literature and media, the article concludes that great landscaping does not create great places without careful consideration of the surrounding community and residents. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 353-371 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1063532 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1063532 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:353-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Galen D. Newman Author-X-Name-First: Galen D. Author-X-Name-Last: Newman Title: The of urban form: a framework for heritage-based place making Abstract: Despite the efforts of preservationists, numerous decaying heritage structures dot the urban landscape. Simultaneously, new development in historic areas has received much debate. Applying Plato’s theory of Forms, this research highlights contributions of the historic built environment to place making, offering a new theoretical framework based on the study of eidetic imagery. The root word for eidetic is eidos, the foundation of Plato’s theory. This paper traces the connotational evolution of the term eidos, applies these meanings to place research and case sites, and presents a new framework for heritage-based place making based on these meanings. Two salient factors are suggested moving forward: (1) the regeneration of non-productive heritage structures; and (2) utilizing the shared characteristics in the local and regional historic environment for design and planning of new development. While the case sites are international, the contextualization of the problem is primarily US-oriented. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 388-407 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1070367 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1070367 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:388-407 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jason Brody Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Brody Title: How ideas work: memes and institutional material in the first 100 years of the neighborhood unit Abstract: This paper reviews the history of the neighborhood unit idea, primarily in the United States and United Kingdom, as a means to examine how urban design ideas work. It argues that ideas like the neighborhood unit gain their power by framing the institutional material we create to help us cope with work. Institutional material refers to cultural product that conditions human action. Types of institutional material in urban design include practice norms, professional communities, and governance structures. Although the neighborhood unit emerged through a transatlantic network of planners and designers, the institutional material it framed was particular, local, and contingent. Ultimately, the paper argues that the neighborhood unit grew out of institutional material in the early 20th century that itself was influenced by the garden city, and that both neighborhood unit and garden city ideas continued to shape new institutional material in subsequent decades. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 329-352 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1074602 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1074602 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:329-352 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joar Skrede Author-X-Name-First: Joar Author-X-Name-Last: Skrede Title: What may culture contribute to urban sustainability? Critical reflections on the uses of culture in urban development in Oslo and beyond Abstract: Culture and capital play vital roles in urban change. This paper provides a discussion of the relation between culture and capital, followed by a discussion of their relation in the urban context, including an empirical example from Oslo, Norway. Emphasis will be put on the role of culture in the creative city thesis and how culture relates to the concept of urban sustainability. A critique of neoliberal and instrumental uses of culture in the creative city thesis is also undertaken. Policies on culture-led urban regeneration often pay more attention to economic motives than to culture itself. The paper calls for establishing a reflective cultural policy that is not subsumed to economic sustainability, and for the need to escape the anthropological conception of culture as a whole way of life. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 408-425 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1074603 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1074603 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:408-425 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luc Anselin Author-X-Name-First: Luc Author-X-Name-Last: Anselin Author-Name: Sarah Williams Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Title: Digital neighborhoods Abstract: With the advent of ‘big data’ there is an increased interest in using social media to describe city dynamics. This paper employs geo-located social media data to identify ‘digital neighborhoods’ – those areas in the city where social media is used more often. Starting with geo-located Twitter and Foursquare data for the New York City region in 2014, we applied spatial clustering techniques to detect significant groupings or ‘neighborhoods’ where social media use is high or low. The results show that beyond the business districts, digital neighborhoods occur in communities undergoing shifting socio-demographics. Neighborhoods that are not digitally oriented tend to have higher proportion of minorities and lower incomes, highlighting a social–economic divide in how social media is used in the city. Understanding the differences in these neighborhoods can help city planners interested in generating economic development proposals, civic engagement strategies, and urban design ideas that target these areas. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 305-328 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2015.1080752 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2015.1080752 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:305-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2016.1210072 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2016.1210072 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Baldwin Hess Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Baldwin Author-X-Name-Last: Hess Title: Repealing minimum parking requirements in Buffalo: new directions for land use and development Abstract: Minimum parking requirements, which mandate off-street parking and have been a staple of American zoning codes for more than 80 years, are slowly falling out of favor due to incompatibility with sustainable urbanism, equity, and social responsibility. A new zoning ordinance in Buffalo, New York completely removes minimum parking requirements citywide, relieving developers and property owners from the mandate to provide off-street parking. This article performs a comparative analysis of guidelines in the zoning code before and after reform and examines the public engagement process that produced the change in parking control. Strong support for and little opposition to this zoning change suggest less resistance than anticipated to policies that formalize a reduction in off-street parking facilities. Findings suggest that removing minimum parking requirements is easiest where off-street parking requirements are least needed, and that the planning team in Buffalo proposed a bold idea after it detected, from special interest groups and the public, initial support for removing parking requirements. The article provides direction for future research to evaluate the repeal of minimum parking requirement and its effects on transport, the environment, and the economy. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 442-467 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310743 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310743 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:442-467 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yonn Dierwechter Author-X-Name-First: Yonn Author-X-Name-Last: Dierwechter Author-Name: Brian Coffey Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Coffey Title: The travels, triumphs and travails of new urbanism: representational geographies in US newspapers, 1990–2012 Abstract: This paper seeks to contribute to our geographical understanding of New Urbanism as an important reform movement by exploring its representational rather than physical experience within the United States. Specifically, we analyze US newspaper accounts of New Urbanism from 1990 to 2012, looking for broad patterns in how it is portrayed to popular audiences around the country – what we think of as its “triumphs†and “travails†across American space. We also explore the stated reasons given for these portrayals, without attempting in this contribution to theorize motivations, agendas or broader political-economies that shape perceptions of planning and design. The paper finds that positive accounts of New Urbanism outnumber negative accounts by nearly three-to-one. In addition to overall tone, the paper discusses the qualitative content of articles to establish key justifications and rationales for positive, negative and neutral framings. Further research might extend our findings by analyzing how New Urbanism if/s “framed†publically on social media and in other national contexts. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 385-400 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310744 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:385-400 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erica Wygonik Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Wygonik Author-Name: Anne Goodchild Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Goodchild Title: Evaluating the impacts of density on urban goods movement externalities Abstract: Research has established a potential to reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by replacing passenger travel for shopping with delivery service, and a few studies have indicated CO2 emissions can also be reduced. However, that research has mostly focused on urban locations and has not addressed criteria pollutants. This study examines the impacts of replacing passenger travel for shopping with delivery service over a broader set of externalities (VMT, CO2, NOx, and PM10) in both urban and rural communities. Three different goods movement strategies are considered in three different municipalities in King County, Washington, which vary in size, density, and distance from the metropolitan core. The research finds that delivery services can reduce VMT over passenger vehicle travel for shopping, however, the potential to reduce CO2, NOx, and PM10 emissions varies by municipality. Significant trade-offs are observed between VMT and emissions – especially between VMT and criteria pollutants. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 487-499 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310745 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:487-499 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen Bennetts Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Bennetts Author-Name: Veronica Soebarto Author-X-Name-First: Veronica Author-X-Name-Last: Soebarto Author-Name: Susan Oakley Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Oakley Author-Name: Paul Babie Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Babie Title: Feeling safe and comfortable in the urban environment Abstract: Safety is recognised as an important goal of urban regeneration projects and implementing the principles of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) has been proposed as one way of enhancing community safety. Yet there are few critiques of how effective CPTED is in achieving this. This paper reports on a pilot study that explores the link between CPTED principles and people’s feelings of safety and comfort in an urban precinct of Adelaide, South Australia. The research combines a micro-scale analysis of the built environment and a series of interviews with people who live and/or work in the area. The research highlights the importance of some of the CPTED principles including activity, maintenance, sight lines but also reveals the importance of familiarity and personal safety strategies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 401-421 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310746 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310746 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:401-421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philippe Lebeau Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Lebeau Author-Name: Sara Verlinde Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Verlinde Author-Name: Cathy Macharis Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis Author-Name: Joeri Van Mierlo Author-X-Name-First: Joeri Author-X-Name-Last: Van Mierlo Title: How can authorities support urban consolidation centres? A review of the accompanying measures Abstract: Freight transport affects urban welfare primarily through congestion and emissions. An urban consolidation centre is regarded as a solution that can reduce those negative impacts of freight vehicles on the city. However, previous experience has demonstrated the challenge that these centres face in being self-sustaining. Given their positive effects on the city, authorities have supported these logistics schemes with different types of accompanying measures. In order to bring to practitioners an overview of these measures, the paper presents the results of a literature review where the different measures are classified according to their financial support, their regulatory support and their indirect regulatory support. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 468-486 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310747 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310747 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:468-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wesley E. Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Wesley E. Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Author-Name: Nicholas N. Ferenchak Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas N. Author-X-Name-Last: Ferenchak Title: Assessing equity and urban/rural road safety disparities in the US Abstract: Road fatalities erase more healthy years of life than cancer and heart disease combined. Considering safety as a health impact begs the question: Who is most impacted? Are there urban/rural differences? How equitable are impacts along racial/ethnic lines or with income differences? Via spatial analysis of over 970,000 geocoded US road fatalities over a 24-year period, our results show that Americans are not bearing these impacts equitably. We find road fatality disparities across racial/ethnic lines, particularly for pedestrians/bicyclists in predominantly black or Hispanic neighborhoods. Lower income neighborhoods suffer from vehicle occupant fatality rates 3.5X higher than wealthier neighborhoods. Also, residents of our most rural areas endure fatality rates approximately 6X higher than our most urban areas. This suggests that transportation and land use planning intended to facilitate more access with less mobility can reduce unnecessary exposure and lead to outcomes on par with the safest developed countries in the world. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 422-441 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1310748 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1310748 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:422-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans Schlappa Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Schlappa Title: DIY Detroit: making do in a city without services Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 500-501 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1317697 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1317697 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:500-501 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1363688 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1363688 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:10:y:2017:i:4:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen Kopnina Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Kopnina Title: Plastic flowers and mowed lawns: the exploration of everyday unsustainability Abstract: In human-controlled environments and in cultivated landscapes, the plants accommodate social, cultural and economic needs. This article will focus on the use of plants for agriculture, urban planning, forestry, environmental education and indoor decoration in The Netherlands. This exploration, based on literature review and observations, reveals mostly anthropocentric, instrumental and unsustainable practices. In urban landscapes plants are pushed to the margins, if not entirely eradicated. This article shows that moral recognition of plants is an ethical imperative, which is also critically important to achieve environmental sustainability. In line with ecocentric ethics and in the interest of long-term sustainability, this article suggests alternative, more ethical and sustainable ways of relating to plants in The Netherlands and beyond. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 131-155 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1527780 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1527780 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:131-155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Justin B. Hollander Author-X-Name-First: Justin B. Author-X-Name-Last: Hollander Author-Name: Alexandra Purdy Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Author-X-Name-Last: Purdy Author-Name: Andrew Wiley Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Wiley Author-Name: Veronica Foster Author-X-Name-First: Veronica Author-X-Name-Last: Foster Author-Name: Robert J.K. Jacob Author-X-Name-First: Robert J.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Jacob Author-Name: Holly A. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Holly A. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Tad T. Brunyé Author-X-Name-First: Tad T. Author-X-Name-Last: Brunyé Title: Seeing the city: using eye-tracking technology to explore cognitive responses to the built environment Abstract: Context continually influences cognition and behavior, whether walking down a quiet rural street or a busy city. Research in urban design and placemaking argues that different urban environments might impact dynamic mental states, providing a framework to empirically test the role of context. Our hypotheses are that distinct contexts can influence eye movements of an individual on the unconscious level. We found that certain urban environments were associated with more positive reactions around likelihood to spend time in the place and sense that the place makes the subject feel relaxed. These environments are representative of new urbanist principles and suggest that these types of designs can provoke important cognitive responses, over more conventional urban designs. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 156-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1531908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1531908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:156-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hooman Foroughmand Araabi Author-X-Name-First: Hooman Author-X-Name-Last: Foroughmand Araabi Author-Name: Alex McDonald Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald Title: Towards a Deleuzoguattarian methodology for urban design Abstract: The philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari (Deleuzoguattarian) is now widely thought to be apropos for today’s world. This paper proposes Deleuzoguattarian philosophy as a new methodology for urban design research and practice. First, existing methodologies in the field of urban design are examined and their strengths and limitations outlined in relation to current urban problems. A reading of Deleuzoguattarian philosophy from an urban design perspective is then provided in order to propose a new methodology for research and practice. This reading mainly concentrates on the ontology and epistemology offered by the philosophy, aspects that have been neglected in the literature. The concept of territorialization as a complementary concept to assemblage theory is highlighted in order to illustrate the characteristics of the ontology and epistemology. Finally, normative goals are discussed. It is concluded that Deleuzoguattarian philosophy is not only an ethical response to modernism but is an epistemological need. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 172-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1552883 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1552883 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:172-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Boadi Agyekum Author-X-Name-First: Boadi Author-X-Name-Last: Agyekum Author-Name: K. Bruce Newbold Author-X-Name-First: K. Bruce Author-X-Name-Last: Newbold Title: Sense of place and mental wellness amongst African immigrants in Canada Abstract: This study examines the effects of self-perceived mental wellness and other socio-economic variables on sense of place amongst Ghanaian and Somali immigrants living in Hamilton, Ontario. Research results are based on the analysis of survey questionnaires (n = 236) of Ghanaian and Somali immigrant adults, with recent (0–5 years), mid-term (6–10 years), and long-term (more than 10 years) residency in Canada. Our findings revealed several significant factors of sense of place, including self-perceived mental wellness, income, age, employment, citizenship status, marital status, dwelling type, and length of residency in Canada. The findings highlight the need for research to incorporate sense of place into studies on visible minority immigrants and to focus on those factors contributing to place attachment amongst recent immigrants. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 188-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1552885 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1552885 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:188-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hendrik Jansen Author-X-Name-First: Hendrik Author-X-Name-Last: Jansen Author-Name: Brent D. Ryan Author-X-Name-First: Brent D. Author-X-Name-Last: Ryan Title: Retrofitting business suburbia: competition, transformation, and challenges in metropolitan Boston’s suburban office parks Abstract: This paper examines the retrofitting and redevelopment of suburban office parks, and in particular, the planning, design, and policy issues and challenges associated with this redevelopment. Recent literature indicates a shift of suburban business development in favor of increasingly competitive central cities, a dilemma for planners charged with revitalizing aging suburban business parks. To understand the nature and causality of suburban office park retrofitting and redevelopment, we conducted 13 qualitative, semi-structured interviews with planners, developers, and officials in the inner Boston metropolitan region. Interviews indicated increasing obsolescence, with widespread redevelopment as a coping strategy. Strategies included densification, mixed uses, enhanced public spaces, and attempts to enhance transit. We examine two case studies: Northwest Park in Burlington, MA, and Needham Crossing, in Needham, MA: both are former office parks redeveloped as mixed-use developments. Our research clarifies the nature and types of physical redevelopment, as well as the specific motivations behind redevelopment as a planning strategy for enhancing the viability of aging suburban office developments. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 203-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1552886 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1552886 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:203-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juan G. Yunda Author-X-Name-First: Juan G. Author-X-Name-Last: Yunda Author-Name: Junfeng Jiao Author-X-Name-First: Junfeng Author-X-Name-Last: Jiao Title: Zoning changes and social diversity in New York City, 1990–2015 Abstract: The writings of Jane Jacobs led urbanists to advocate for increased social diversity in neighborhoods as a method of promoting vitality in public spaces. Since then, New York City has become both a role model and a testing ground for zoning changes that support this objective. However, since the 2000s community activists and scholars have argued that these zoning changes have led to the dislocation of communities of color and incentivized gentrification. This project analyzed panel social and housing census data from 1990 and 2015 to assess the validity of these arguments. Results suggest that zoning changes have limited and differentiated effects on the different dimensions of social diversity. For instance, they have strong effects on household income diversity, a nuanced effect on race diversity, and slightly negative effects on family type diversity. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 230-243 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1562488 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1562488 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:230-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Cozens Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Cozens Author-Name: Shane Greive Author-X-Name-First: Shane Author-X-Name-Last: Greive Author-Name: Colin Rogers Author-X-Name-First: Colin Author-X-Name-Last: Rogers Title: ‘Let’s be friends’; exploring governance, crime precipitators and public safety in the night-time economies of Cardiff (Wales) and Perth (Australia) Abstract: There are tensions between agencies seeking to restrict and control the night-time economy (NTE) and those focused on promoting it. These tensions need to be inspected. Using perspectives from environmental criminology it has been hypothesized that planning governance issues, relating to the provision of public transport, taxis services and public toilets, may act to precipitate crime and disorder and exacerbate public safety issues. Utilising research findings from a study of regular users of the NTE’s of Cardiff (UK) and Perth (Australia), we test this hypothesis. The research findings suggest that the most appropriate manner in which to deal with crime and disorder in the NTE is through inter-agency partnership approaches involving the users of the NTE. This approach refocusses the debate to explore the positive elements of the NTE we do want. This contrasts with many contemporary approaches focused solely on the negative aspects of the NTE we don’t want. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 244-258 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1562489 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1562489 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:244-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Title: Urbanity and density in 20th century design Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 503-504 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1439686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1439686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:503-504 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alina Schnake-Mahl Author-X-Name-First: Alina Author-X-Name-Last: Schnake-Mahl Author-Name: Jessica A. R. Williams Author-X-Name-First: Jessica A. R. Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Author-Name: Barry Keppard Author-X-Name-First: Barry Author-X-Name-Last: Keppard Author-Name: Mariana Arcaya Author-X-Name-First: Mariana Author-X-Name-Last: Arcaya Title: A public health perspective on small business development: a review of the literature Abstract: Federal spending on non-health entitlement programs, including the Earned Income Tax Credit and SNAP, has decreased as a percent of GDP since 2011, putting social safety net and community and economic development funding at risk. As an important component of community development, small business support programs are also at risk under social spending cuts. While theory suggests that a strong small business sector could protect health by improving socioeconomic conditions and reducing unemployment, the public health implications of reduced support for small business has not been explored. We conducted a scoping literature review of studies indexed by Pubmed, Cochrane Review, Google Scholar, and Academic Search Premier. The literature suggests that small businesses may provide social and economic benefits to communities that likely protect health, especially in economically deprived communities. These health impacts should be considered when policy-makers weigh decisions that affect small businesses and funding for community and economic development. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 387-411 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1461678 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1461678 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:387-411 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven W. Semes Author-X-Name-First: Steven W. Author-X-Name-Last: Semes Title: The past and future city: how historic preservation is reviving America’s communities Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 505-508 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1473948 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1473948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:505-508 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Ntema Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Ntema Author-Name: Ruth Massey Author-X-Name-First: Ruth Author-X-Name-Last: Massey Author-Name: Lochner Marais Author-X-Name-First: Lochner Author-X-Name-Last: Marais Author-Name: Jan Cloete Author-X-Name-First: Jan Author-X-Name-Last: Cloete Author-Name: Molefi Lenka Author-X-Name-First: Molefi Author-X-Name-Last: Lenka Title: Informal settlement upgrading in South Africa: beneficiaries’ perceptions over nearly twenty-five years Abstract: Research on informal settlement upgrading tends to focus on one-off case studies. This article investigates the changing experiences, over nearly 25 years, of people living in an upgraded informal settlement. We sought to determine how the perceptions of the residents of Freedom Square changed. Our latest survey (2014) included responses from 199 household representatives and followed earlier surveys. Firstly, we find that the upgrading of Freedom Square represents a first step towards ensuring the housing rights of black people in urban South Africa. Secondly, spatial infilling and locational advantage continue to play valuable roles. Thirdly, dweller control, in terms of which residents themselves are able to design extensions to their houses, remains important. Fourthly, social cohesion among community members is proving to be more important than access to a stand. Fifthly, urban management remains an important long-term requirement. Lastly, elements of informality persist in the area. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 460-479 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1484792 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1484792 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:460-479 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markus Moos Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Moos Author-Name: Nick Revington Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Revington Author-Name: Tristan Wilkin Author-X-Name-First: Tristan Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkin Title: Is there suitable housing near work? The impact of housing suitability on commute distances in Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver Abstract: This paper makes a novel contribution by examining the impacts of housing suitability on the commute. Smart Growth and related planning policies have contributed to higher residential densities with the aim to reduce commute distances and enhance urban sustainability. While important in terms of alleviating sprawl, reductions in space accompanying increases in densities may not be suitable for larger households. If households instead commute longer distances, the sustainability objective of minimizing commute distances is undercut. We operationalize housing suitability at the household level in different ways, analysing the characteristics of housing available near the place of work in relation to the housing suitability needs based on household characteristics. Regardless of the measure used, the better the match between workers’ housing suitability needs and the housing stock available near work, the shorter the commute. The paper uniquely highlights the importance of explicitly considering housing suitability in planning for sustainability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 436-459 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1484793 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1484793 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:436-459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emily Talen Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Talen Title: In support of the unambiguous neighborhood: a proposed size typology Abstract: The definition of neighborhood is often ambiguous. The purpose of this paper is to offer clarity on one important aspect of its definition: its size. While there is already a voluminous literature on neighborhood concepts and definitions, few sources delve into the question of size explicitly, and in a historically and culturally comparative way. Based on an extensive literature review, five size-based categories of neighborhood are proposed: (1) small clusters and face blocks; (2) more than a block, but still face to face; (3) like a big high school; (4) Perry’s neighborhood; and (5) the neighborhood expanded. Smaller neighborhoods are likely to prioritize social connectedness, while larger conceptions emphasize serviceability. Examples within each category are cross-cultural and cross-temporal, with many size regularities spanning more than one time period and more than one region. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 480-502 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1484794 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1484794 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:480-502 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bradley Bereitschaft Author-X-Name-First: Bradley Author-X-Name-Last: Bereitschaft Title: Walk Score® versus residents’ perceptions of walkability in Omaha, NE Abstract: With an easily accessible online interface, Walk Score® has emerged as one of the most popular metrics to assess walkability, both within and outside academia. Based primarily on accessibility to common daily amenities, this quantitative measure is limited to a macro-scale view of urban form that does not consider micro-scale design elements that can significantly impact walking behavior such as building setbacks, sidewalk characteristics, lighting, or traffic volume. This study employed a survey and cognitive mapping exercise to identify neighborhood typologies in which Walk Score and residents’ perceptions of walkability are most likely to align, and, more crucially, where they are most likely to be at odds. Relative to residents’ perceptions, Walk Score tended to overestimate the walkability of suburban strip-mall corridors and underestimate the walkability of recreational areas and small entertainment districts. Potential differences in residents’ perceptions of walkability, and their associations with Walk Score, were also explored. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 412-435 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1484795 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1484795 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:412-435 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Simpson Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Simpson Author-Name: Megan Freeth Author-X-Name-First: Megan Author-X-Name-Last: Freeth Author-Name: Kimberley J. Simpson Author-X-Name-First: Kimberley J. Author-X-Name-Last: Simpson Author-Name: Kevin Thwaites Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Thwaites Title: Visual engagement with urban street edges: insights using mobile eye-tracking Abstract: This study provides empirical insight into the extent to which pedestrians visually engage with urban street edges and how social and spatial factors impact such engagement. This was achieved using mobile eye-tracking. The gaze distribution of 24 study participants was systematically recorded as they carried out everyday tasks on differing streets. The findings demonstrated that street edges are the most visually engaged component of streets; that street edge visual engagement is impacted by everyday social tasks as well as the spatial and physical materiality of edges on differing streets; and that street edges, which attract a lot of visual engagement while undertaking optional tasks, also attract greater amounts of visual engagement while undertaking necessary tasks. These findings offer new insight into urban street edge engagement from the direct perspective of street inhabitants and in doing so provide greater understanding of how street edges are experienced. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 259-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1552884 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1552884 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:259-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Günter Gassner Author-X-Name-First: Günter Author-X-Name-Last: Gassner Title: Thinking against Heritage: speculative development and emancipatory politics in the City of London Abstract: What does a political conceptualisation of the relationship between urban development and heritage involve? Against the widespread idea that there is a conflict between densification and the protection of historic buildings and sites in the City of London, I show that a conservative heritage discourse promotes the construction of speculative towers. Arguing against a City that is privately owned, self-competing and socially homogeneous, I develop a democratic understanding of history that contests an essentialist reading of the city and challenges the idea that speculative developments direct attention to and visually enhance historic landmarks. Aligning historical analysis with political critique, I draw on the work of Walter Benjamin and Michel Foucault and discuss notions of “historical events†and “cultural treasures†in order to think against the prevailing speculative logic in the city. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 279-295 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1576757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1576757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:279-295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Filion Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Filion Author-Name: Sara Saboonian Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Saboonian Title: Large multifunctional suburban centres and the transformation of the suburban realm Abstract: The paper contributes to the present reflection on the transformation of the suburb by investigating the capacity of large multifunctional suburban centres (LMSCs) to provide public transit- and walking-conducive environments within the suburban realm. To this end, it investigates land-use and commuter journey patterns of the 13 largest suburban multifunctional centres in Canada. The study exposes difficulties in using LMSCs as recentralization instruments meant to “urbanize†the suburb by making it more public transit- and walking-oriented. It points to tensions within LMSCs between playing the role of activity centre and adopting land-use configurations conducive to public-transit use and walking. The stronger is the centrality role of an LMSC, the more it is overtaken by automobiles from its dispersed suburban surroundings. Alternatively, LMSCs can generate weak centrality effects while performing as effective transit-oriented developments. The paper concludes by highlighting difficulties in overcoming suburban transportation and land-use path dependencies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 296-319 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1576759 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1576759 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:296-319 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Idziorek Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Idziorek Author-Name: Manish Chalana Author-X-Name-First: Manish Author-X-Name-Last: Chalana Title: Managing change: Seattle’s 21st century urban renaissance Abstract: Evolution of the urban planning and historic preservation disciplines has resulted in an “uneasy alliance†in practice, one further complicated by the back-to-the-city movement and increased development pressure in older urban neighbourhoods. In Seattle, as in other U.S. cities, the pace, intensity and scale of redevelopment has caused dramatic spatial and social transformations. Although research has shown that older built fabric provides economic and social benefit for cities, neither regulations created by planners for guiding redevelopment nor strategies created by preservationists for retaining urban heritage have been successful in reconciling these different, yet interconnected, sets of values. We engage three Seattle neighbourhood case studies to clarify and evaluate policies, programs and strategies used by planners and preservationists for reimagining neighbourhood transformations. This work suggests a need for more creative, integrative collaboration between the two fields to simultaneously engage – and reconcile – social and economic tensions caused by urban redevelopment. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 320-345 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1598471 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1598471 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:320-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patricia López-Goyburu Author-X-Name-First: Patricia Author-X-Name-Last: López-Goyburu Title: Progressive land sub-division in the metropolitan border in Buenos Aires between 1972 and 2012 Abstract: When considering the territorial changes in the Buenos Aires metropolitan border, progressive sub-division is not taken into account by the local bibliography as a component of this space. However, the changes reveal that land sub-division is an important issue that the bibliography should take into account. In light of this problem, this paper delves into the progressive sub-division problem in the Buenos Aires metropolitan border between 1972 and 2012. The elaboration of a specific mapping allows us to see that while we find lot divisions which are consolidated, and in many cases, densified, the bibliography does not address this process of occupation of the Buenos Aires metropolitan border. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 346-353 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1601126 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1601126 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:346-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Innocent Chirisa Author-X-Name-First: Innocent Author-X-Name-Last: Chirisa Author-Name: Abraham Matamanda Author-X-Name-First: Abraham Author-X-Name-Last: Matamanda Title: Forces shaping urban morphology in Southern Africa Today: unequal interplay among people, practice and policy Abstract: This article explores public participation and its impact on urban structures in Southern Africa. Often, public participation stands in opposition to existing legislation and prevailing urban policies. Using textual analysis and case studies of Harare, Zimbabwe, Johannesburg, South Africa and Luanda, Angola, this study concludes that the urban fabric and structure of Southern African cities are in a state of instability. The rise of public participation–“right to the cityâ€â€“has given way to “cities of rebels†in which citizens react or rebel against urban policies and legislation. These forces threaten sustainable urban morphology and service delivery, complicating the roles of urban planners and managers. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 354-372 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626262 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626262 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:354-372 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Title: Exploring food and urbanism Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-12 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1721152 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1721152 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:1-12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Candan Turkkan Author-X-Name-First: Candan Author-X-Name-Last: Turkkan Title: Feeding the global city: urban transformation and urban food supply chain in 21st-century Istanbul Abstract: This article focuses on the effects of urban transformation on the urban food supply chain in 21st century Istanbul. The article begins with a discussion on the particularities of the urban transformation that has shaped the city since the 1980s, emphasizing tendencies that are relevant to food consumption and supply patterns and practices. Next, 6 categories of fresh fruits and vegetables (FFVs), provisioning agents (mixed/foreign-capital supermarkets, domestic-capital supermarkets, bazaars, local suppliers, and urban and semi-urban/peripheral farmers, internet or store-based alternative food networks) are analyzed in terms of their perception of urban transformation and various challenges it poses. The article concludes with an assessment of the changes in the city’s food supply chain in light of provisioning agents’ responses to the urban transformation as a force that either enables them compete more successfully and expand their operations or pushes them to contract or even leave the provisioning sector completely. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 13-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1515785 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1515785 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:13-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liam Riley Author-X-Name-First: Liam Author-X-Name-Last: Riley Title: Malawian urbanism and urban poverty: geographies of food access in Blantyre Abstract: Malawi is among the world’s least urbanised countries, yet Malawian cities are growing rapidly and most growth is in unplanned informal settlements. Conventional approaches to urban planning are inadequate to address the growing problem of urban poverty. New perspectives on the nature of Malawian urbanism, built upon notions of liveable, sustainable, and “untamed†urbanisms rooted in African contexts, are needed to generate dialogue on sustainable urbanization suited to local needs, preferences, and resources. This article is based on qualitative fieldwork in Blantyre, Malawi’s second largest city. It provides descriptive accounts (drawn from in-depth interviews, participative mapping, and exploration of the city’s neighbourhoods) of the types of places where residents purchase and produce food. In describing these places, context-specific observations emerge about the locally specific ways that aspects of “untamed†urbanisms, such as informal markets, rural-urban linkages, and customary land allocation, reduce vulnerability to food insecurity for the urban poor. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 38-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1647275 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1647275 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:38-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Saher Hasnain Author-X-Name-First: Saher Author-X-Name-Last: Hasnain Title: Reconnection and reflexivity in Islamabad, Pakistan Abstract: This article explores the role of informal food spaces and flows in Islamabad, Pakistan. This paper aims to address two key questions in the areas of food and urbanism in Islamabad: How do the city’s residents perceive and experience the so-called “non-urban†food spaces and flows in their everyday lives? How do these spaces contribute to a nuanced understanding of global food systems? This paper considers that these spaces are critical in engendering nostalgia for past food habits and behaviours, a trigger for reflexive consumerism, and sites for reconnecting with different aspects of the country’s food system. The paper also explores how such spaces can be conceptualised within urbanism and geography, in the context of Islamabad’s unique spatial and socio-cultural identity. Informed by urbanism and food geography, this paper considers analytical and theoretical strategies for advancing the study of the urban in the global south, and specifically in Pakistan. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 53-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1576758 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1576758 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:53-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abeer Elshater Author-X-Name-First: Abeer Author-X-Name-Last: Elshater Title: Food consumption in the everyday life of liveable cities: design implications for conviviality Abstract: This paper focuses on the social aspects of food consumption in the public realm and how built environment design should include places for conviviality. Current urban planning may fulfil human needs, but in some cases, individuals have unpleasant experiences while meeting these needs. A review of existing literature indicates that studies of conviviality during food consumption has focused on design qualities. To investigate the Egyptian experiences in food consumption, the current study employed qualitative and quantitative approaches through four streams of data collection: observations, interviews, opinionnaire and permeability analysis of catchment areas. The results provide design implications for conviviality of food practices to discover the multilateral dimensions of design that can make social interactions part of a satisfying experience. This research concludes that for conviviality attached to food consumption, it is essential to focus on replicable aspects like supporting activities, social settings, and the design based on intent. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 68-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1666026 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1666026 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:68-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marianne J. Dagevos Author-X-Name-First: Marianne J. Author-X-Name-Last: Dagevos Author-Name: Esther J. Veen Author-X-Name-First: Esther J. Author-X-Name-Last: Veen Title: Sharing a meal: a diversity of performances engendered by a social innovation Abstract: This paper explores the dynamics between social innovations and socio-spatial transformations using practice theory as linking pin. Social innovations, such as the case study of a meal sharing platform here presented, are considered as proposals. Using social practice theory as a theoretical lens enables us to explain how the principles of the proposal’s design are moderated and appropriated by its users. Consequently, familiar routinized practices expand, becoming more complex and hybrid. It is in the performance of the practice that this complexity is revealed. Specific focus is on the socio-spatial transformations that social innovations propose. This paper shows how tactics of appropriation can result in trespassing the boundaries between private and public, and between domestic and communitarian space. This way, we connect social innovations to DIY-urbanism, showing how citizens appropriate urban space. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 97-113 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1668826 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1668826 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:97-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anjali Mistry Author-X-Name-First: Anjali Author-X-Name-Last: Mistry Author-Name: Manfred Spocter Author-X-Name-First: Manfred Author-X-Name-Last: Spocter Title: Production of Edibles and Use of Garden Waste in Domestic Gardens of a Middle-Class Suburb in Cape Town, South Africa Abstract: An under-investigated impact of urbanisation is the decrease in green spaces like domestic gardens, which does not bode well for urban sustainability. To this end, research was conducted in a suburb of Cape Town, South Africa to ascertain the degree to which residents use their garden spaces for the cultivation of edibles and to establish their management practices regarding garden waste. A mixed-methods approach determined that potential gardening space occupied, on average, about two-thirds of the area of residential plots. However, the 129 selected respondents were cultivating lawns, not food. Where the cultivation of edibles did occur, it was predominantly fruit with minimal vegetable production. The residents of the middle-class suburb had a penchant for using private gardening services who disposed of the garden waste elsewhere. Some home-composting activities were recorded. A municipal-driven composting programme will provide the impetus for increasing the rate of home composting. The study established that food production in the middle-class suburb has the potential to contribute to sustainable urban green spaces through increased home-garden cultivation. However, on-site techniques of disposing with garden waste must be promoted. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 114-132 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1608286 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1608286 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:1:p:114-132 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: François Mancebo Author-X-Name-First: François Author-X-Name-Last: Mancebo Title: Smart city strategies: time to involve people. Comparing Amsterdam, Barcelona and Paris Abstract: A city is not only made of buildings and infrastructures, but is also composed of the people, who live there, their cultures, uses and interactions. How people’s relations to their place have been transformed or not by the configuration of the smart city? This article attempts to provide an answer to this question, by examining the case of Amsterdam, Barcelona, and Paris, three large centuries-old Western Europe cities. It shows that behind the official line promising a more participatory society, the inhabitants are rather turned into users or clients of a city that belongs no more to them. Courses of action are then elaborated to help reurbanize the smart city by fostering co-construction of smart strategies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 133-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1649711 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1649711 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:133-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivis GarcÃa Author-X-Name-First: Ivis Author-X-Name-Last: GarcÃa Title: Repurposing a historic school building as a teacher’s village: exploring the connection between school closures, housing affordability, and community goals in a gentrifying neighborhood Abstract: The redevelopment of urban school buildings of historical value has the potential to contribute to the needs of current residents. Using a case study from Chicago, IL—where more than 50 schools in primarily minority and low- and moderate-income neighborhoods were closed in 2013—this article shows how a community group “Community As A Campus†(CAAC) sought to repurpose a former school site for community purposes in an already mixed-used, amenity-rich, and walkable area. CAAC advocated for housing for educators in the gentrifying neighborhood of West Town. The project, however, created tensions within residents from density related to market-rate units. This paper argues that the future of historic buildings to be preserved sustainably would depend on the ability of local leaders to find a balance between economic and community goals. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 153-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626265 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626265 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:153-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung Author-Name: Phuong Nguyen-Hoang Author-X-Name-First: Phuong Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen-Hoang Title: It’s the journey, not the destination: the effect of school travel mode on student achievement Abstract: According to data from the National Household Travel Survey, 49.3 percent of American children in Kindergarten through sixth grade either walked or biked to school in 1969. By 2017, only 11 percent of elementary children still walked or biked to school. In this study, we examine the effect of school transport mode on a child’s academic achievement using data from a nationally representative dataset of American children. We rely on instrumental variables regression to isolate the effect of mode on achievement. Our results suggest children who are dropped off from private vehicles, and to a lesser extent, walk to school, have higher test scores than children who ride the bus. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 170-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1626268 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1626268 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:170-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luna Khirfan Author-X-Name-First: Luna Author-X-Name-Last: Khirfan Author-Name: Hadi El-Shayeb Author-X-Name-First: Hadi Author-X-Name-Last: El-Shayeb Title: Urban climate resilience through socio-ecological planning: a case study in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island Abstract: Climate change impacts, especially on coastal cities, can no longer be ignored and in order to avoid significant losses in the built environment, the economy, and, by consequence, human health and life, it is imperative to address these impacts. We extrapolate the three pathways to urban resilience (persistence, adaptation, and transformation), as a function of the interrelations among the design of built forms (urban and landscape design), blue and green infrastructure (ecosystems), and knowledge-to-action (inclusion of local people and their knowledge). Accordingly, four urban and landscape design theories that integrate urban ecosystems are identified and linked to urban resilience and to the local ecological knowledge (LEK) through an inclusive design process (the charrette). The model is then applied to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, a city that is increasingly subjected to intense storm surges and to sea level rise in Atlantic Canada, where a series of design charrettes integrated the LEK into urban climate resilience proposals that serve as policy recommendations for future action. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 187-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1650801 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1650801 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:187-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sylvia J.T. Jansen Author-X-Name-First: Sylvia J.T. Author-X-Name-Last: Jansen Title: Urban, suburban or rural? Understanding preferences for the residential environment Abstract: There are two ongoing trends that lead to changing preferences for the built environment. One concerns a demographic transition into more but smaller, and older, households. The other concerns greater possibilities to satisfy residential preferences due to rising incomes and technological advances. The current study explores the preference for the type of residential environment and the underlying motivations. The smaller municipality is most preferred (36%), followed by the city edge (32%), a rural area (13%), the city centre (11%) and no preference (7%). The city centre is preferred because of amenities, ambiance, liveliness and activities. The city edge is preferred because of peace and quiet and easy access to the dwelling. Social contact was rarely mentioned. In contrast, respondents who preferred a smaller municipality frequently mentioned social contact. Furthermore, feeling safe/secure and wellbeing were important items. Finally, respondents with a rural preference mentioned freedom and peace and quiet. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 213-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1726797 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1726797 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:213-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jake Nelson Author-X-Name-First: Jake Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: Jeong Joo Ahn Author-X-Name-First: Jeong Joo Author-X-Name-Last: Ahn Author-Name: Elizabeth A. Corley Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth A. Author-X-Name-Last: Corley Title: Sense of place: trends from the literature Abstract: Scholars studying sense of place have introduced several separate yet related terms which are often used interchangeably including phrases like place attachment, place meaning, place identity, and place dependence. Given the lack of a coherent understanding for sense of place in the literature, it is challenging to study and operationalize the concept in a consistent way. In this study, we use publication data and citation data to clarify how sense of place has been defined and applied. Our findings show that sense of place has evolved over time, although it is in the last decade that scholarship has grown considerably. We also find that the dimensions used to define and measure the concept have changed with time and discipline. These results imply that scholars need to study sense of place in careful consideration of the dimensions that they want to investigate and the disciplinary context each study is embedded in. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 236-261 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1726799 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1726799 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:236-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 262-262 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1724443 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1724443 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:262-262 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Stangl Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Stangl Title: Overcoming flaws in permeability measures: modified route directness Abstract: Increased levels of walking have been associated with a range of individual and societal benefits, including reductions in energy use and greenhouse gas emissions, and improved public health. Recent scholarship has sought to provide evidence that good street connectivity encourages walking, and though some correlation is evident, the statistical significance of these studies is generally weak. This paper asserts that the most commonly used methods to measure street connectivity, intersection density and block length, are weakened by random variation, and more significantly, utterly fail to detect street patterns. An alternative measure, modified route directness, is introduced, and shown to be capable of measuring the impact of street pattern on permeability. A more effective measure of connectivity could help demonstrate the correlation between street connectivity and walking, enabling stronger arguments for changes regulatory activity and public investment that supports improved connectivity. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-14 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2017.1381143 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2017.1381143 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:1-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Azat Zana GündoÄŸan Author-X-Name-First: Azat Zana Author-X-Name-Last: GündoÄŸan Title: Urban Rage: the revolt of the excluded Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 128-129 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1492078 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1492078 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:128-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephanie Ryberg-Webster Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie Author-X-Name-Last: Ryberg-Webster Title: One step ahead of the bulldozer: historic preservation in Houston, Texas Abstract: Community development corporations (CDCs) are often at the forefront of providing affordable housing and social services, restoring disinvested communities, and rebuilding neighborhoods. Most CDCs work in older, inner-city communities that, given their age and location, likely contain older and historic buildings. Thus, there is a seemingly logical overlap between community developers’ target neighborhoods and the tools, strategies, and resources associated with historic preservation. This article uses a qualitative case study of Houston’s Avenue CDC to explore how and why community developers use preservation within the context of a high-growth city. For more than two decades, Avenue has worked in three core neighborhoods in an effort to stave off gentrification via teardowns and townhome redevelopment. The findings show that, for community developers in growing cities, carefully crafted preservation strategies may be a way to challenge the forces of gentrification, displacement, and wholesale physical destruction. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 15-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1501411 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1501411 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:15-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: MarÃa Carrascal Author-X-Name-First: MarÃa Author-X-Name-Last: Carrascal Author-Name: Pablo Sendra Author-X-Name-First: Pablo Author-X-Name-Last: Sendra Author-Name: Antonio AlanÃs Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: AlanÃs Author-Name: Plácido González MartÃnez Author-X-Name-First: Plácido Author-X-Name-Last: González MartÃnez Author-Name: Alfonso Guajardo-Fajardo Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso Author-X-Name-Last: Guajardo-Fajardo Author-Name: Carlos GarcÃa Vázquez Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: GarcÃa Vázquez Title: “Laboratorio Qâ€, Seville: creative production of collective spaces before and after austerity Abstract: The creative city approach is going through a redefinition after the 2008 global financial crisis. In the specific case of South-European cities, in the context of austerity and cuts in public investment, creativity is becoming a strategy for achieving maximum social benefit and improvement of the built environment with minimum economic expenditure. This paper looks at this redefinition of creativity through the case study of Seville, in southern Spain. Through research methods that include video-recorded testimonies of the actors involved, mapping at the online platform “Laboratorio Qâ€, and public engagement activities, this paper explores how the civic society, professional, and public authorities have reinvented how to produce collective spaces. The paper concludes that bottom-up creative processes for producing collective spaces have become more visible since the 2008 crisis, when architects, planners, public authorities and policy-makers have been “learning†from them. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 60-82 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1515786 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1515786 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:60-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sanaz Alian Author-X-Name-First: Sanaz Author-X-Name-Last: Alian Author-Name: Stephen Wood Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Title: Stranger adaptations: public/private interfaces, adaptations, and ethnic diversity in Bankstown, Sydney Abstract: While geographical and planning literature has traditionally adopted a macro-scale focus when studying ethnic diversity, this has been recently supplemented by more fine-grained analyses of “everyday multiculturalism.†Although these micro-scale studies recognise that relationships between socialities and spatialities are important, the role of built form in framing these relationships is not much explored. With a view to extending this literature, this paper examines how experiences of ethnic diversity in public space are influenced by built form in the multicultural suburb of Bankstown, Sydney. Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with residents and users of Bankstown’s town centre, along with ArcGIS maps of the area’s urban morphology, the particular focus is on the role of public/private interface adaptations in affecting experiences and perceptions of cultural diversity. It is argued that these adaptations function as both facilitator and foil for the strategies people employ to negotiate the problematic Simmel associated with “the stranger.†Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 83-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1531904 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1531904 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:83-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sungduck Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sungduck Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Understanding the context of neighborhood parks: a method for public space classification Abstract: Neighborhood parks are recognized as key urban public spaces that serve the social, economic, and environmental needs of adjacent neighborhoods. However, relevant studies primarily focus on the contribution of neighborhood parks as discrete spaces, instead of neighborhood parks as built spaces within an urban context. This research provides a better understanding of the inter-relationships between various urban form measures and an alternative way of constructing public space typology based on the surrounding urban form. The research employs factor and cluster analysis to develop a typology of 150 neighborhood park contexts in the City of Chicago, Illinois. 150-neighborhood park surroundings are classified into six categories based on an understanding of the dimensional structure of urban form elements; however, the Chicago Park District currently classifies them into one broad category. The study also provides guidelines for urban design and physical planning strategies for neighborhood park development. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 103-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1531905 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1531905 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:103-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan Locke Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Locke Author-Name: Peter Elmlund Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Elmlund Author-Name: Michael W. Mehaffy Author-X-Name-First: Michael W. Author-X-Name-Last: Mehaffy Title: Evaluating Landscape Urbanism: evidence from Lafayette Park, Detroit Abstract: The claims made for Landscape Urbanism have been difficult to evaluate, since they rely heavily on theoretical and aspirational arguments, and new projects to date have offered little post-occupancy evidence. However, more specific claims have also been made about historic projects as proposed precedents for Landscape Urbanism, and these offer a more substantial evidence base for the evaluation of claims. Here we take the claimed precedent of Detroit’s Lafayette Park, and evaluate the stated claims for its performance on social, economic and ecological criteria, in light of the available evidence. We conclude with an assessment of broader claims for Landscape Urbanism in light of the evidence we find in Lafayette Park. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 34-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2018.1531906 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2018.1531906 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:12:y:2019:i:1:p:34-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fiona J. Andrews Author-X-Name-First: Fiona J. Author-X-Name-Last: Andrews Author-Name: Elyse Warner Author-X-Name-First: Elyse Author-X-Name-Last: Warner Title: ‘Living outside the house’: how families raising young children in new, private high-rise developments experience their local environment Abstract: Families are increasingly choosing to raise children in the growing number of private, high-rise apartment complexes developed in Australian capital cities. However, most of these developments have been designed for the childless and there are concerns as to how supportive these settings are for young children. This paper explores parents’ experiences of the environment surrounding their high-rise dwellings in an inner-city municipality of Melbourne, Australia using the participatory method, Photovoice. Ten parents photographed elements of their dwellings and environments that had positive or negative impacts on raising young children. Findings indicate that environments surrounding parents’ high-rise dwellings were used on a daily basis, often due to limited space within apartment complexes. However, aspects of this environment were challenging, requiring mutual accommodation between families and their immediate settings. This has implications for policy to ensure the neighbourhoods surrounding high-rise developments in inner-city areas are more child friendly. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 263-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1696387 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1696387 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:263-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noah S. Billig Author-X-Name-First: Noah S. Author-X-Name-Last: Billig Author-Name: Carl A. Smith Author-X-Name-First: Carl A. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Rachael Moyer Author-X-Name-First: Rachael Author-X-Name-Last: Moyer Title: Residents' preferences for private amenities and trade-offs associated with various spatial densities and patterns Abstract: Northwest Arkansas planning policies, like a number of communities across the country, have identified goals working toward more sustainable, livable, and subsequently denser development patterns. However, the understanding of residents’ perceptions of such living arrangements is limited. This study provides a more nuanced understanding of Northwest Arkansas residents’ spatial preferences through a survey of residents’ preferences for private amenities and their trade-off with various spatial densities and patterns in support of sustainability. Results of the survey indicate a preference for, and experience with, single-family residential living arrangements and amenities, with the preponderance (80%) of survey respondents currently living in single-family housing. There is a preference for low-density neighborhoods even if it means sacrificing other amenities. This study is in alignment with previous research suggesting that people may learn to prefer where they live. Additionally, while the majority of survey respondents indicated a preference for communal greenspaces, renters are more likely to prefer communal greenspaces when compared to homeowners. This study indicates that attached, multi-family development and renter development in Northwest Arkansas should consider the provision of communal green spaces, walkable access to transit, and walkable access to services as desired amenities for those residents. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 286-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1726796 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1726796 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:286-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jinyhup Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jinyhup Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Chang-Hee Christine Bae Author-X-Name-First: Chang-Hee Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Title: Do home buyers value the New Urbanist neighborhood? The case of Issaquah Highlands, WA Abstract: This study compares Issaquah Highlands’ home prices with those of traditional suburban single-family homes in the city of Issaquah. Issaquah Highlands is a community that was developed using New Urbanism principles. The null hypothesis is that the sale prices of houses in Issaquah Highlands are not different from the conventional suburban neighborhood in the city of Issaquah. The principal database consists of US Census Washington State Geospatial Data Archive, and the King County Tax Assessments. The final dataset contains 1,780 single family homes over the seven-year period from 2012 to 2018 based on sale records throughout the city of Issaquah. This study uses the hedonic pricing technique to assess the impact of New Urbanism on the value of single-family residences. The findings suggest that people are willing to pay a $92,700–96,800 premium (approximately 7.1–12.0 percent of the sales prices) for houses in Issaquah Highlands. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 303-324 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1726800 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1726800 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:303-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Ghazaie Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Ghazaie Author-Name: Mojtaba Rafieian Author-X-Name-First: Mojtaba Author-X-Name-Last: Rafieian Author-Name: Hashem Dadashpoor Author-X-Name-First: Hashem Author-X-Name-Last: Dadashpoor Title: Exploring the socio-spatial patterns of diversity and its influencing factors at a metropolitan scale Abstract: Responding to a critical gap in diversity studies which have been mostly dedicated to Western contexts, and setting the scene for celebrating an ignored issue in the Iranian context are the aims of this study. To these ends, Tehran is selected, and its socio-spatial patterns of diversity are studied through a GIS-based analysis. Results suggest that housing and residential diversity are highly correlated. Influencing factors of diversity also indicate that diverse neighborhoods are usually smaller ones with higher population density. Surprisingly, land-use diversity does not have any significant relationship with housing and residential diversity in Tehran neighborhoods. Residential diversity usually occurs in neighborhoods, where jobs opportunities are more available, open spaces are more frequent, and individuals feel more secure. Recovering balances between residential and housing predictory variables and planning in the scale of neighborhoods rather than urban regions are what planners should seek through the notion of planning for diversity. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 325-356 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1677263 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1677263 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:325-356 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shoshanah B. D. Goldberg-Miller Author-X-Name-First: Shoshanah B. D. Author-X-Name-Last: Goldberg-Miller Author-Name: Jack L. Nasar Author-X-Name-First: Jack L. Author-X-Name-Last: Nasar Author-Name: Justin Reeves Meyer Author-X-Name-First: Justin Reeves Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer Title: The assessed value of cultural destinations in Toronto Abstract: Theory suggests many benefits to a city from cultural destinations (CDs). This study offers a framework for evaluating CDs through studying visitors to CDs and visitors to other, less cultural destinations, which we call retail destinations (RDs). As each destination represents differing positions along our “cultural continuum,†we examine how visitors perceive the destinations and report their behaviors in each. We selected three CDs and three RDs in Toronto, surveying 30 adults in each destination about their behavior and impressions. Our findings show significant differences between the respondents in the CDs and the RDs. Some findings resonate with existing theory, in that CD respondents were more likely to be highly educated and White, non-Hispanic. However, other findings suggest avenues for examination, in that CD respondents did not report greater wealth or spending than did the RDs but did mention socializing as the primary reason for visiting a CD more so than those visiting an RD. These findings suggest that by encouraging CDs, cities may improve the quality of life for residents and visitors. Thus, cities might do well to use their municipal policy and economic development tools to drive revenues to cultural destinations or to foster CD uses in retail destinations. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 357-383 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1726795 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1726795 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:357-383 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick M. Condon Author-X-Name-First: Patrick M. Author-X-Name-Last: Condon Title: The urban fix: resilient cities in the war against climate change, heat islands and overpopulation Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 384-385 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1748345 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1748345 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:384-385 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nurit Alfasi Author-X-Name-First: Nurit Author-X-Name-Last: Alfasi Author-Name: Amitai Raphael Shnizik Author-X-Name-First: Amitai Raphael Author-X-Name-Last: Shnizik Author-Name: Maureen Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Maureen Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Author-Name: Alon Kahani Author-X-Name-First: Alon Author-X-Name-Last: Kahani Title: Anti-adaptive urbanism: long-term implications of building inward-turned neighborhoods in Israel Abstract: Theoretical models of neighborhood planning have changed substantially since the midst of the twentieth century. This is not necessarily the case, however, with the practice of planning and building new neighborhoods. Particularly, the influence of early-modernist models as ‘neighborhood unit†and “towers-in-the-park†remains extremely high. This paper ties these models with term “anti-adaptive urbanism†and highlights the qualities that make them stubborn: The comprehensiveness of the plan, meaning that such neighborhoods follow a complete plan prepared in advance, encompassing the public and private elements; and the hierarchical design dedicated for creating an inward-turned residential areas. Long-term socio-spatial implications of building such neighborhoods are investigated through comparing pairs of old (since the 1950s–1960s) and new (developed since the 1990s) neighborhoods constructed in five cities throughout Israel. Exploring the urban dynamics over the period of 1983–2013, the results reveal the socio-spatial burden of having anti-adaptive neighborhoods. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 387-409 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2019.1705377 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2019.1705377 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:387-409 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos J. L. Balsas Author-X-Name-First: Carlos J. L. Author-X-Name-Last: Balsas Title: Paolo Soleri and America’s Third Utopia: the sustainable City-Region Abstract: The ingredients of successful urbanism have been proposed by various scholars. However, their deployment has not always led to successful cities. Utopian visions are intended to help fill this gap. This article analyses Paolo Soleri’s main US arcology-based vision: Arcosanti. To what extent does Arcosanti constitute a realizable utopia, when it is only partially built and its chief architect is no longer able to shape the vision’s future implementation? It is argued that visionary urbanistic ideas put forward by intellectuals have influenced standard professional practice, pedagogy, and design and planning scholarship on the relationships between natural and built environments and more desirable human behaviours. The paper provides a distillation of thoughts to the operationalization of ideal communities in the 21st century. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 410-430 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1726798 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1726798 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:410-430 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gonçalo Santinha Author-X-Name-First: Gonçalo Author-X-Name-Last: Santinha Author-Name: Jan Wolf Author-X-Name-First: Jan Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf Author-Name: Catarina Costa Author-X-Name-First: Catarina Author-X-Name-Last: Costa Title: Aging and the built environment: is mobility constrained for institutionalized older adults? Abstract: This article analyzes the relation between the location and the surrounding built environment of residential care facilities for older adults and their users’ mobility. For this, interviews were carried out in 14 residential care facilities in Portugal to understand the degree to which users leave the facilities walking, and what their main motivation and perceived barriers are. In locu observations to assess the walkability of the surrounding environment and to map the services and amenities at a 400 m and 800 m radius were also conducted. It was found that many older adults leave the facilities on foot and that their main motivation to do so was to access a specific service. These findings stress the importance of the broader location of these facilities and, in particular, the proximity to primary services, as fundamental components of an active lifestyle in institutionalized older adults and their integration in the neighborhood. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 431-447 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1753226 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1753226 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:431-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olha Tikhonova Author-X-Name-First: Olha Author-X-Name-Last: Tikhonova Author-Name: José Beirão Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: Beirão Title: A tale of two cities - A comparative study of historical urban cores Abstract: This research explores urban patterns in historic settlements inside fortification walls by comparing two European cities. Similarities in their historical development raised the question of whether they share urban morphotypes at the block level. To address this question, we conducted an urban matrix analysis using k-means clustering, applied to a database of morphological attributes from two different urban elements – buildings and urban blocks – with buildings considered as parts of blocks. Data revealed common patterns and unique features of each city and helped assess the degree of similarity among them. Results suggest that the two cities have different development outcomes. Six block types were identified, four of which were found in both cities but with a different distribution of prevailing building types. Moreover, two of them were found to be unique to each city. We offer potential explanations of the observed differences and discuss them. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 448-465 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1753227 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1753227 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:448-465 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jorge Manuel Gonçalves Author-X-Name-First: Jorge Manuel Author-X-Name-Last: Gonçalves Author-Name: J. M. R. F. Gama Author-X-Name-First: J. M. R. F. Author-X-Name-Last: Gama Title: A systematisation of policies and programs focused on informal urban settlements: reviewing the cases of São Paulo, Luanda, and Istanbul Abstract: Urban growth, particularly in developing countries, has been impacted by the financial and institutional incapacity to provide affordable housing, leading to the development of large informal urban settlements. The support provided by international financial institutions, the growing economic capacity, and the interest from the real estate market have been responsible for the emergence of interventions, programs, and policies directed at informal urban settlements, with the goal to improve or replace them. This paper explores the modalities adopted for such upgrading projects in São Paulo, Luanda, and Istanbul. Using a categorization system, the research shows that the interventions in São Paulo are more concerned with keeping the residents in-situ, while the public authorities in Luanda and Istanbul show a preference for relocation and eradication of informal urban settlements, even though Luanda has recently shown a certain degree of change in its approach. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 466-488 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1753228 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1753228 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:466-488 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Asadallah Karimi Author-X-Name-First: Asadallah Author-X-Name-Last: Karimi Author-Name: Mahmoud Reza Delavar Author-X-Name-First: Mahmoud Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Delavar Author-Name: Mahmood Mohammadi Author-X-Name-First: Mahmood Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadi Author-Name: Payam Ghadirian Author-X-Name-First: Payam Author-X-Name-Last: Ghadirian Title: Spatial urban density modelling using the concept of carrying capacity: a case study of Isfahan, Iran Abstract: Carrying capacity can significantly affect both the density and heights of buildings in a particular area. While every country has its own approach to achieving equilibrium between building density and height, poor planning and violation of building height regulations can have a negative impact on urban structure and form. This paper presents a model that predicts the degree to which a new building construction affects urban landscape and density. The required parameters for the model were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Delphi methods.The model produced rapid and accurate results with sample data for a medium-size city in Isfahan province, Iran which were then visually validated using three-dimensional visualisation in GIS environment. The model has the potential to facilitate the maintenance of equilibrium between building height and density. It can also assist to identify and prevent some violations of building height regulations in rapidly growing cities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 489-512 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1753225 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1753225 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:489-512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vito De Bellis Author-X-Name-First: Vito Author-X-Name-Last: De Bellis Title: Forma urbana e sostenibilità . L’esperienza degli ecoquartieri Europei Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 513-514 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1827827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1827827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:513-514 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Irina van Aalst Author-X-Name-First: Irina Author-X-Name-Last: van Aalst Author-Name: Jelle Brands Author-X-Name-First: Jelle Author-X-Name-Last: Brands Title: Young people: being apart, together in an urban park Abstract: Against the background of studies that report on urban park spaces as supporting inclusive city life and promoting tolerance and belonging, the present study investigated the spatial dimensions of gathering and othering in Wilhelminapark, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Using observational research and on-site group interviews, we found a diversity of users performing a diversity of activities. The presence of known or unknown visitors was given as an important reason to visit Wilhelminapark, although our results show that there is little interaction between different groups of users. The latter aligns with a critical strand of literature that suggests that co-presence does not necessarily result in meaningful contact between the users of public spaces. Young people tend to socialize or relax with their own group, which makes park visits mostly an in-group activity. At the same time, being together with other visitors is an important element in the attractiveness of this park space. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-17 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1737181 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1737181 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:1-17 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dorina Pojani Author-X-Name-First: Dorina Author-X-Name-Last: Pojani Author-Name: Neil Sipe Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Sipe Title: Emerging narratives of parking supply and demand in contemporary cities Abstract: Public views and perceptions surrounding parking demand and supply in Australian cities remain underexplored in the academic literature. In this exploratory study, we draw on written and oral qualitative data to set forth popular narratives and sentiments on parking supply and demand. We reveal two competing storylines. The first and more traditional one casts (free) parking as a “birthright†that is to be retained at all cost. The second and more recent storyline – which aligns closely to the position of contemporary planners – casts cars and parking as a “scourge†to be combated in order to restore urban liveability. We conclude that the emergence of this more recent storyline bodes well for the sustainability of urban areas. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 18-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1762112 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1762112 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:18-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph Heathcott Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Heathcott Title: Living in the diagram: from Utopian landscape to modest urban neighborhood Abstract: The Colonia Federal neighborhood in Mexico City presents a striking octagonal urban form. Spread out over 83 hectares adjacent to the international airport, it is home to some 12,000 people. This paper examines the origins of the neighborhood in the city’s post-revolutionary zeitgeist, and its development over time amid the vicissitudes of legal battles and infrastructure delays. It further considers changes that have transformed the neighborhood over the past two decades, including upzoning, an aging population, and a growing spate of demolitions to replace single-family homes with apartment buildings. Finally, the paper takes a close look at the subtle navigational affect induced by the neighborhood’s diagrammatic form. In the end, despite its extraordinary design, Colonia Federal has developed into a surprisingly ordinary neighborhood, one that began with lofty ambitions for the creation of an instantaneous utopia, but grew through the incremental, adaptive, make-do urban process typical of Mexico City. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 34-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1762111 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1762111 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:34-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sibylle Wälty Author-X-Name-First: Sibylle Author-X-Name-Last: Wälty Title: Greater Zurich does not use land parsimoniously: despite the spatial planning act, which has been in force since 1980 Abstract: An overconsumption of land for building and urban use has resulted from rising incomes, falling transport costs, separating urban land use, restricting building heights and densities, and the lack of internalizing negative externalities. This paper empirically analyses whether land in Greater Zurich is used parsimoniously. Furthermore, it proposes changes in planning and policy that would be necessary to overcome the implementation deficit of the federal Spatial Planning Act (RPG). The analysis measures the distribution and mix of residents, workers, and retail workers and the change in land use. It also examines the relationship between public transport and building zones. Consequently, although intensification in residents has occurred since 1990 and workers since 1995/96, the distribution of residents and workers at central locations indicates that land in 2014 is used neither sufficiently intensively nor in a balanced way. Therefore, in Greater Zurich, price-based regulations need to supplement the current purely quantity-based regulations. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 58-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1762707 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1762707 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:58-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shahead Maghreby Author-X-Name-First: Shahead Author-X-Name-Last: Maghreby Author-Name: Samira Hosseini Yazdi Author-X-Name-First: Samira Author-X-Name-Last: Hosseini Yazdi Author-Name: Mahmoud Ghalehnoee Author-X-Name-First: Mahmoud Author-X-Name-Last: Ghalehnoee Author-Name: Ghasem Motalebi Author-X-Name-First: Ghasem Author-X-Name-Last: Motalebi Author-Name: Stephen Caffey Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Caffey Title: Urban spatial structure in central Iran: introduction & analysis of sahe-ja Abstract: Modernization of Iranian cities during the 20th century has radically altered and, in some instances, completely destroyed parts of the historic fabric of cities. Two approaches have dominated efforts to address these impacts: development-driven and conservation-driven. Because both approaches originate outside the complex and fragile contexts of Iran’s historic fabric, their respective and collective outcomes have proven neither logical nor practical. Scholars have proposed a third, context-driven option, which urban planners and municipal officials try to restore and preserve urban fabric according to their structure while also maintaining quality of life for residents. Applying the context-driven approach to the spatial structure of the Ali-Gholi-Agha quarter in Isfahan reveals one such discrete element: a semipublic type of space called “sahe-ja.†By interrogating whether and to what extent sahe-ja serves as a determinative element in the quarter’s historic urban fabric, this paper demonstrates the logic and practicality of the context-driven approach. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 75-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1762708 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1762708 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:75-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Author-Name: Alasdair Jones Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Exploring sustainable urbanism in masterplanned developments: a collective case study of slippage between principles, policies, and practices Abstract: This article is concerned with masterplan implementation and with exploring, via recourse to case studies, slippages between masterplanning principles, policies, and practices. Framed by a growing body of sustainable urbanism literature we analyse evidence from five masterplanned communities in the UK and Australia to comparatively explore how some key theoretical principles are translated into placemaking in inner urban, suburban, outer urban and semi-rural contexts. We observe varying degrees of disjuncture between masterplanning principles and the urban form envisioned by, and realized through, actual masterplanning proposals and implementation. We postulate that various degrees of slippage at each stage from proposals to practices have occurred which can affect capacity to meet principles of sustainable urbanism. Analysis of the five cases demonstrates where some potential “tripping-up†points lie in the masterplanning process, hinting at broader impediments to delivering masterplanning that is more closely aligned to sustainable urbanism principles in future. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 97-124 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1793802 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1793802 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:97-124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Doug Kelbaugh Author-X-Name-First: Doug Author-X-Name-Last: Kelbaugh Title: 5 Rules for tomorrow’s cities Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 125-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1801491 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1801491 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:125-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yalcin Yildirim Author-X-Name-First: Yalcin Author-X-Name-Last: Yildirim Author-Name: Mahyar Arefi Author-X-Name-First: Mahyar Author-X-Name-Last: Arefi Title: The sound of new urbanism Abstract: Understanding the nexus between soundscape and urban form is challenging. This research explores soundscapes in new urbanist (NU) developments to contribute to the urban form studies of sound environment. NU developments promote the quality of life (QoL) in dense, walkable settings with mixed-use buildings. An under-examined, yet critical aspect of New Urbanism approach is the soundscape. To study the relationship between soundscape and NU, this research investigates soundscapes from NU developments by assessing preference of 95 residents and visitors as well as on-site sound pressure level (SPL) measurements within five NU developments in the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area. Findings suggest that soundscapes of NU developments are overall at the high SPLs and differ at various development typologies with significant implications for urban form. The research proposes recognizing the sound-related attributes of urban form so that sound-related resolutions can be applied to other geographical and planning practices. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 165-184 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1814392 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1814392 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:165-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joao Pinelo Silva Author-X-Name-First: Joao Author-X-Name-Last: Pinelo Silva Title: Park access policies: measuring the effects of the introduction of fees and women-only days on the volume of park visitors and physical activity in Bahrain Abstract: Some parks suffer from overuse, which raises safety issues. Municipalities introduced access-control policies such as entrance fees and women-only days. We studied the impact of these policies on the volume of visitors in one park and the consequent reduction of physical activity. A year-long timestamped categorized visitor log allowed for before/after comparisons tested for statistical significance at a 99% confidence level. We used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to quantify physical activity at the park and estimated the amount lost due to the new admittance policies. The number of park visitors declined 86% after the introduction of entrance fees, with a consequent loss of 24% of an individual’s weekly physical activity, reducing the efficiency of the park. Unexpectedly, women-only days are associated with an increase in the ratio of children per woman from 1.4 to 2.33, reflecting a change in parental behavior, which suggests an increased sense of security. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 204-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1801489 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1801489 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:204-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samantha Matuke Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Matuke Author-Name: Stephan Schmidt Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt Author-Name: Wenzheng Li Author-X-Name-First: Wenzheng Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: The rise and fall of the American pedestrian mall Abstract: This research provides a historical analysis of the American experiment with pedestrian malls. Specifically, we ask why some pedestrian malls have failed and were reopened to vehicular traffic while others have succeeded. Over 120 post-war malls from across the United States are statistically analysed, examining the relationship between the mall’s lifespan and a variety of geographic, demographic, and economic factors. Using a Cox proportional hazard model, we find that cities’ population density, the median age of the residents, the percent of the population that is white, proximity to beach, whether or not the City is a tourism destination, length of the mall, and the percent of sunny days are all significant in explaining a pedestrian mall’s longevity. In addition, we also examine qualitative, design-based characteristics in order to better understand why certain pedestrian malls, despite their locational disadvantages, have thrived to the present day. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 129-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1793804 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1793804 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:129-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesco Rossini Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Rossini Author-Name: Melody Hoi-lam Yiu Author-X-Name-First: Melody Hoi-lam Author-X-Name-Last: Yiu Title: Public open spaces in private developments in Hong Kong: new spaces for social activities? Abstract: Private ownership of publicly-accessible space is a phenomenon that is increasingly being adopted in new urban developments in many cities around the world. The purpose and role of these spaces, especially in Hong Kong, has been widely criticised for failing to effectively engage with the public realm of the city, a fact which, in addition to being a cause for concern for the Hong Kong government, has raised questions about the beneï¬ts of the programme.Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, this study examines 28 public open spaces in private development (POSPD) in the ï¬nancial district of Hong Kong with the aim of both evaluating the spatial characteristics as well as understanding their potential contribution to the multilevel structure of this dense urban area. The research further establishes a new evaluation index as an alternative theoretical framework to assess other critical aspects which may affect their capacity to encourage social activities.The results of the study suggest that, although a large percentage of the POSPDs analysed are not providing positive impact to the district, they hold signiï¬cant potential which, with new strategies in place, could greatly enrich the pedestrian and social experience in Hong Kong’s dynamic and complex urban environment. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 237-261 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1793803 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1793803 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:237-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chiara Cavalieri Author-X-Name-First: Chiara Author-X-Name-Last: Cavalieri Title: Extreme-city-territories. Coastal geographies in the Veneto region Abstract: Water urbanism and more in general climate change adaptation are an essential part of urban transition processes. While sea level rising demands a re-evaluation of the new geography of extreme-cities, it emerges a temporal and conceptual gap between climate prediction, policies, adaptation strategies, and factual interventions. Consequently, the very same method of urban analysis needs to be reconsidered in light of this new horizon. This paper addresses extreme-cities as spaces of transition, and analyses the case of the Veneto Region via a multi-scalar process of mapping entailing: (i) zoning transition; (ii) mapping microtopography; (iii) sampling urban-topographical patterns; (iv) re-designing a territorial transect. The resulting representations disclose two types of information: (a) they suggest a set of rules for transitioning urban landscape in coastal areas according to different SRL scenarios; (b), they indicate the specificities of the same study area, disclosing a taxonomy of past and potential future elements of modification. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 185-203 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1801490 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1801490 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:185-203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Boadi Agyekum Author-X-Name-First: Boadi Author-X-Name-Last: Agyekum Author-Name: Pius Siakwah Author-X-Name-First: Pius Author-X-Name-Last: Siakwah Author-Name: John Kwame Boateng Author-X-Name-First: John Kwame Author-X-Name-Last: Boateng Title: Immigration, education, sense of community and mental well-being: the case of visible minority immigrants in Canada Abstract: Immigrants often cite improvements in quality of life as the motivation for immigration, yet it can lead to the loss of social networks, family and community ties. This article employed key informant interviews to explore visible minorities’ sense of community from the perspectives of immigrant resettlement service providers. Nine key informants were interviewed to document visible minority immigrants’ experiences in Canada, and how this affected their sense of community. Participants identified barriers to immigrants’ development of a new sense of community, including discrimination tied to improper placement within the Canadian educational system, unemployment/underemployment, poor housing conditions, language barriers, and lack of social support networks. Confronting these barriers will require creating a stronger sense of community by providing more and better support of immigrants, visible minorities and everyone across Canada. This would help eliminate discrimination against ethnic minorities and enhance a sense of community belonging amongst visible minorities in Canada. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 222-236 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1801488 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1801488 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:222-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pieter Breek Author-X-Name-First: Pieter Author-X-Name-Last: Breek Author-Name: Jasper Eshuis Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Eshuis Author-Name: Joke Hermes Author-X-Name-First: Joke Author-X-Name-Last: Hermes Title: Sharing feelings about neighborhood transformation on Facebook: online affective placemaking in Amsterdam-Noord Abstract: Social media have become important platforms for residents to engage with their neighborhood. This paper investigates two Facebook communities that focus in distinctly different ways on Amsterdam-Noord, a gentrifying neighborhood in Amsterdam. Dialogue on both Facebook communities is found to be thoroughly affective, but the kinds of emotions and the way such emotions are generated and shared differ. Through this analysis, this paper seeks to understand how “affective publics†emerge through a specific form of collaborative storytelling, characterized by tone, form as well as rhythm of online interaction. We show how the channeling of affective expression and attunement helps to build two dissimilar collaborative discourses of the neighborhood transformation. We propose the term online affective placemaking to study and articulate such processes. The term points to mediated feelings and urgency to engage, which bonds participants and impacts the social and political landscape within the neighborhood. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 145-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1814390 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1814390 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:145-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ari Hynynen Author-X-Name-First: Ari Author-X-Name-Last: Hynynen Author-Name: Inari Aaltojärvi Author-X-Name-First: Inari Author-X-Name-Last: Aaltojärvi Author-Name: Anu Hopia Author-X-Name-First: Anu Author-X-Name-Last: Hopia Author-Name: Heikki Uimonen Author-X-Name-First: Heikki Author-X-Name-Last: Uimonen Title: Emotional diners and rational eaters – constructing the urban lunch experience Abstract: Lunch is an urban phenomenon relatable to people of all age groups. Nationally-legislated-free lunches for children at day-care, schools, universities and at workplace canteens have a long history in the Finnish welfare society. In this article, the meaning-making of having lunch is shown to be mainly – but not solely – rational, and the sensory and emotional information received from the environment is verbally and rationally interpreted by the interviewees. In comparison, local food events are experiential and embodied in terms of the senses. It is asked whether there are common elements between those two contexts of eating and if some of the findings from the experiential side of eating might be applied to everyday eating occasions, thus contributing to urban conviviality. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 288-308 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1762706 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1762706 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:288-308 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Barbara Ribeiro Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro Author-Name: Nick Lewis Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis Title: Urban food forestry networks and Urban Living Labs articulations Abstract: This article wrestles with the theoretical complexity of fostering food sustainability transitions in metropoles. It pays attention to how urban food forestry networks cultivated in parks may represent a critical part of these transitions, by providing a mechanism for urban peoples to reconnect with food processes while enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services. The work considers this crucial topic, both theoretically and empirically, in two steps. First, a brief overview of utopian models and the critical literature grounds the discussion of the proposed regenerative place-making model. Second, the work weaves considerations regarding a utopian model of urban food forestry network, by conceptualising Urban Living Labs (ULLs) as flexible nodes of articulation. The work concludes that the key to unlocking this model’s potential for replication and transplantation to distinct localities lies as much in the multiple values entailed by the proposed intervention as it does in its flexible nodes of articulation. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 337-355 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1906731 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1906731 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:337-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huiying Ng Author-X-Name-First: Huiying Author-X-Name-Last: Ng Title: Scaffolding transitions of possibility: the food walk as embodied method in Singapore Abstract: Resilient food infrastructures responsive to instability and change often form at the urban edge of food systems. As such, they could take heed of knowledge practices that occur at the urban edge. This paper conceptualizes learning as a co-productive activity that can be scaffolded by space, and examines how it applies to the re-imagination of food systems. By considering walking as a method in the design of desired foodscapes, this paper addresses how “time niches†foster embodied knowledges of care and haptic connection. The two cases that illustrate this – a set of walking workshops with Singapore-based participants and a visualising workshop with visiting conference participants – consider how so-called lay and expert knowledges may come together in knowledge co-production in future-making practices. The paper explores how civic and decolonial practices occur in the sustainability transition of food. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 387-408 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1941203 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1941203 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:387-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Arciniegas Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Arciniegas Title: The foodscape of the urban poor in Jakarta: street food affordances, sharing networks, and individual trajectories Abstract: In Jakarta’s poor kampungs, out-of-home purchase of ready-to-eat products from street vendors, the lack of home cooking and public eating produce a foodscape where the boundaries between the home and the public space seem blurred. The aim of this paper is to define those boundaries in accordance with the cultural, social and economic context by analyzing how street food practices shape and produce the space. Following an ethnographic and qualitative approach, and a representative quantitative survey we described and measured individual and collective food practices in relationship with the uses and perceptions of space. The study shows that eating practices in the kampung depend mainly on street foods as home-cooking practices decrease. But still, the dynamic spatial display of the food system and the communalization of the public areas generate sharing networks that go beyond the household toward the community formed by eaters, street vendors, neighbors and family. The preference for traditional cuisine and the familiar environment of the vicinity in which this food model is rooted enlarge the concept of “homemade†and redefine the roles and dimensions of “out-of-home†food practices. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 272-287 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1924837 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1924837 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:272-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Teresa Marat-Mendes Author-X-Name-First: Teresa Author-X-Name-Last: Marat-Mendes Author-Name: João Cunha Borges Author-X-Name-First: João Cunha Author-X-Name-Last: Borges Author-Name: AnaMélice Dias Author-X-Name-First: AnaMélice Author-X-Name-Last: Dias Author-Name: Raul Lopes Author-X-Name-First: Raul Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes Title: Planning for a sustainable food system. The potential role of urban agriculture in Lisbon Metropolitan Area Abstract: A sustainable transition of planning practices is paramount for municipalities to improve urban environments. Shelter, mobility, and food constitute three basic human needs, which any inhabitant depends on, but attention placed by planning authorities to each differs. The spatial implications of these needs are fundamental for urban design and planning practices. This article ascertains how Portuguese municipal planning has integrated food system concerns and urban agriculture, including design typologies. Starting from a critical perspective on the current land-uses of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) and from case-studies of existing urban agriculture examples, this article shows that to promote urban resilience, one needs to account for the food system and use urban design as a tool for optimizing the role of mixed land-uses in urban environments, opportune for a sustainable transition of the LMA. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 356-386 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1880960 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1880960 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:356-386 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Parham Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Parham Title: Exploring food and urbanism II editorial Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 263-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1948903 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1948903 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:263-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adrian H. Hearn Author-X-Name-First: Adrian H. Author-X-Name-Last: Hearn Author-Name: ThaÃs Mauad Author-X-Name-First: ThaÃs Author-X-Name-Last: Mauad Author-Name: Chris Williams Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Author-Name: Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenço Author-X-Name-First: Luis Fernando Author-X-Name-Last: Amato-Lourenço Author-Name: Guilherme Reis Ranieri Author-X-Name-First: Guilherme Author-X-Name-Last: Reis Ranieri Title: Digging up the past: urban agriculture narratives in Melbourne and São Paulo Abstract: As urban agriculture becomes increasingly recognised as a contributor to nutritional and civic wellbeing, real estate developers and community associations have promoted it to advance distinct agendas. The article analyses this phenomenon in Melbourne and São Paulo, where colonial and industrial legacies have set the stage for urban agriculture’s resurgence and resulting “internal contradictions.†Developers of upmarket condominiums in both cities advertise urban agriculture as a purchasable commodity capable of recovering customers’ lost connections with nature and each other. However, the gentrifying effects of these developments deepen rather than alleviate social and environmental ills. By contrast, community projects profiled in four case studies emphasised urban agriculture’s ability to confront the long-term neglect of land, employment, and environment. We conclude that the capacity of urban agriculture to improve food systems is enhanced when proponents develop historically informed narratives that engage and inform consumers and municipal governments. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 309-336 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1828144 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1828144 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:309-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Maria Cysek-Pawlak Author-X-Name-First: Monika Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Cysek-Pawlak Author-Name: Marek Pabich Author-X-Name-First: Marek Author-X-Name-Last: Pabich Title: Walkability – the New Urbanism principle for urban regeneration Abstract: Walking should be one of the primary modes of transportation in sustainable cities, being more environmentally friendly, sociable, and health conscious. The principles of New Urbanism (NU) promote walkability, creating urban patterns that support the needs of pedestrians. With that in mind, this study aims to define the relationship between walkability and NU in the context of urban regeneration, establishing the urban attributes that influence walkability in the revival of post-industrial areas. The research comes from a statistical analysis of the flow of people in Księży MÅ‚yn (Poland) and a field study from Carré de Soie (France) where urban attributes potentially determining walkability were evaluated. The study confirms that pedestrian traffic and urban form can be optimised through a holistic approach. It sets out the relationship between walkability and various phenomena, including i) social – how users behave in public spaces (the role of pedestrians and cars), and to whom the space is dedicated; ii) economic – how the attractiveness of the service and commercial offer are improving, and how real estate prices are changing; and iii) environmental – how the visual attractiveness of the place and the convenience of the space for pedestrians has improved (shop frontage and accessibility). Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 409-433 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1834435 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1834435 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:409-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Garyfalia Palaiologou Author-X-Name-First: Garyfalia Author-X-Name-Last: Palaiologou Author-Name: Taimaz Larimian Author-X-Name-First: Taimaz Author-X-Name-Last: Larimian Author-Name: Laura Vaughan Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Vaughan Title: The use of morphological description in neighbourhood planning: form-based assessment of physical character and design rules Abstract: Despite ongoing efforts to encourage the use of urban morphology tools into current practice, uptake remains limited. Shortcomings are largely attributed to time and resource intensive methods of historical settlement transformation study. However, developments in quantitative morphological approaches offer new possibilities for efficiency and easier adoption of research tools in practice. This paper proposes the use of typo-morphology methods to inform the adoption of form-based design guidance in neighbourhood master plans. The aim of the study is to develop a comprehensive yet flexible method for form-based character assessment (FBCA) of residential streets. The resulting FBCA classification identifies streets where compliance with form-based design rules could be tightened. The FBCA method is empirically tested in the context of the local neighbourhood plan for Radlett, Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom, offering reflections from practice on the usefulness and limitations of the method. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 490-514 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1834434 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1834434 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:490-514 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vikas Mehta Author-X-Name-First: Vikas Author-X-Name-Last: Mehta Author-Name: Binita Mahato Author-X-Name-First: Binita Author-X-Name-Last: Mahato Title: Designing urban parks for inclusion, equity, and diversity Abstract: Urban parks are vital spaces that provide the much-needed open space in cities offering numerous benefits and opportunities. One of the prime roles of urban parks is to fulfill the physiological and psychological needs of diverse populations. Empirically observing and analyzing park use can be an important tool toward reducing the gap between user needs and the planning, design, and management of urban parks. This paper reports the findings of systematic observation and evaluation of park design and management of two major urban parks in Cincinnati, Ohio. First, we conduct systematic on-site observation and document user-activity patterns at different times of day and week. Second, we graphically represent the observations using outputs from qualitative and quantitative analyses. Finally, we synthesize and analyze the observations to identify the dominant users of the parks, their behaviors and activities, and the utility of the park designs and facilities in serving the needs of the diverse social groups. The findings provide useful insights on aspects of park design that create affordances for diverse groups to use the park and ones that create territorial segregation, thus showing whether contemporary parks are inclusive, equitable, and diverse or not. The paper concludes with recommendations for designing for diversity in urban parks. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 457-489 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1816563 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1816563 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:457-489 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Isti Hidayati Author-X-Name-First: Isti Author-X-Name-Last: Hidayati Author-Name: C. Yamu Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Yamu Author-Name: W. Tan Author-X-Name-First: W. Author-X-Name-Last: Tan Title: Realised pedestrian accessibility of an informal settlement in Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract: To date, little is known about the interplay between transport, land use and the social systems that influence potential and realised accessibility in Southeast Asia. This paper aims to understand these relationships in an informal settlement – a kampong – at the edge of the upscale Menteng district, Jakarta. We applied a mixed-methods approach of (1) a computational street network analysis using space syntax, (2) video analysis to understand travel behaviour and land use and (3) an analysis of street users’ experiences collected through interviews. Our findings indicated that the pedestrian accessibility was not fully realised due to unsupportive land uses and negative perceptions of walking experienced by kampong inhabitants. Marginalised groups became captive pedestrians limited in their mobility choices. This study provides insights into Jakarta’s informal settlements and how urban planning can contribute to sustainable development for inclusive, safe, and resilient cities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 434-456 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1814391 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1814391 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:434-456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miza Moreau Author-X-Name-First: Miza Author-X-Name-Last: Moreau Title: From underdetermined to overdetermined space: public/private interfaces and activities in residential alleys Abstract: The underlying logic of two well-established urban design concepts, active use and active interface, while applicable to streets and activity centres, may have limited bearing on residual urban spaces. As such spaces can be perceived as problematic, they are often replaced with conventional forms rather than valued for their uniqueness. This study examines the relationships between public/private interfaces and activities in residential alleys in Melbourne, Australia. These alleys are undervalued urban features that sum to vast amounts of land in areas deprived of public space. They are reappropriated for social activities and are also used as access for infill developments. The findings show that the conventional infill developments create overdetermined conditions that limit social activities. In contrast, the impermeable and blank interfaces that would be problematic elsewhere enable a wide range of usage. The key quality of these preferred interfaces is underdetermination, where multiple possibilities could emerge and exist simultaneously. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 39-60 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1858445 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1858445 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:39-60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthijs Van Oostrum Author-X-Name-First: Matthijs Author-X-Name-Last: Van Oostrum Title: Appropriating public space: transformations of public life and loose parts in urban villages Abstract: Appropriation of public space is a widespread trope of informal urbanism, attributed with supporting community bonds and economic livelihoods. Yet, appropriations remain confined to acclamations of their flexibility or chastised as encroachments, without an understanding of how and why they appear in particular urban conditions. Existing narratives that link appropriation to ambiguous demarcations, regulatory restraints, and spatial affordances, are ultimately insufficient. This paper investigates public space appropriation and its transformation through extensive mapping of twelve urban villages across China and India. As erstwhile rural communities are enveloped by the formal city, they subsequently densify, exacerbating the pressure on public space. This study draws attention to the impact of densification on the intensity and distribution of appropriation. It invokes the concept of “public space arenas†to argue that people not only passively use space but are enacting performative codes as they tacitly monitor public space appropriations in a self-regulatory process. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 84-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1886973 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1886973 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:84-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeroen Stevens Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen Author-X-Name-Last: Stevens Title: Urban porosity: a chronicle of spatial inclusion in Matonge, Brussels Abstract: This article explores the concept of porosity as a metaphorical device to investigate the interplay between urban space and urban inclusion. It develops a diachronic case study of Brussels’ so-called “Congolese†or “African†neighbourhood of Matonge, drawing from urban analysis and fieldwork observations. Different historical and current modalities of city-making (including formal plans, urban projects and more “spontaneous†forms of urbanization) are examined in their respective impact on social exclusion and inclusion. This way, the aim is to reflect on the peculiar role of the built environment vis-à -vis socio-cultural diversity and inclusion. It will be argued that the notion of urban porosity allows to shed light on the intricate interplay between the formation of urban form and its subsequent capacity to “include†diverse forms of urban life. The case study of Brussels’ neighbourhood of Matonge thus advances porosity as a qualifier of space in view of urban inclusion. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 61-83 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1858443 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1858443 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:61-83 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sofie Kirt Strandbygaard Author-X-Name-First: Sofie Kirt Author-X-Name-Last: Strandbygaard Author-Name: Lotte M. Bjerregaard Jensen Author-X-Name-First: Lotte M. Bjerregaard Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen Author-Name: Bo Grönlund Author-X-Name-First: Bo Author-X-Name-Last: Grönlund Author-Name: Otto Anker Nielsen Author-X-Name-First: Otto Anker Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen Author-Name: Alan Keith Spence Jones Author-X-Name-First: Alan Keith Spence Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Matthew Flower Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Flower Title: Understanding passengers’ fear of crime at train stations through neighbourhood types: a typological study of the Copenhagen metropolitan area Abstract: This paper presents a typomorphological analysis of train station neighbourhoods to examine passengers’ fear of crime at the station in relation to the surrounding urban form. The study defines station neighbourhood types in the Copenhagen Metropolitan area within the pedestrian catchment area, an 800 m (1/2 mile) radius around the 84 S-train stations. The types are defined through a typomorphological analysis based on urban parameters related to Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) and Placemaking. The types are compared with 9 years of passenger surveys of fear of crime at these stations. The analysis establishes three dominant station neighbourhood types and demonstrates the relationship between them and passengers’ fear of crime at the stations. The research underlines the importance of the surrounding urban environment in the design and governance of train stations, and proposes a typomorphological method to identify potentials in regional planning and in upgrade of transit-oriented developments. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 17-38 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1828145 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1828145 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:17-38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nadia Arab Author-X-Name-First: Nadia Author-X-Name-Last: Arab Author-Name: Rachel Mullon Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Mullon Title: Precedents in routine and non-routine design situations: an empirical study based on two contrasting urban development projects Abstract: Precedents, recognized as stimuli in the design process, are rarely the subject of research in the field of urban studies. This article seeks to redress the balance by exploring the design processes of two urban projects. The case studies in question were chosen for their apparent differences: the routine design of a neighborhood centred on a light-rail stop in Portland, Oregon, USA, and the non-routine design of a new commercial and leisure hub in Montpellier, France. Despite these differences, a comparison of the design processes reveals two constants: first, designers in both cases use precedents – both endogenous and exogenous – to guide and evaluate development proposals; and second, precedents are closely linked with local knowledge used to contextualize design propositions. This local knowledge has a prescriptive value in the design process and determines how precedents are used. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1814389 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1814389 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christina E. Mediastika Author-X-Name-First: Christina E. Author-X-Name-Last: Mediastika Author-Name: Anugrah S. Sudarsono Author-X-Name-First: Anugrah S. Author-X-Name-Last: Sudarsono Author-Name: Luciana Kristanto Author-X-Name-First: Luciana Author-X-Name-Last: Kristanto Title: The sound perceptions of urban pavements by sighted and visually impaired people – a case study in Surabaya, Indonesia Abstract: The valuation of pavements using sound aspects is crucial for a country with poor pavement conditions and a large population of visually impaired people. This study recruited sighted and visually impaired participants to conduct a “soundwalk†to appraise the urban pavements. It was held in-situ on nine renovated pavement segments in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire comprising open and closed-ended questions in the format of a semantic scale. The SPL was also measured to describe the sound level concerning participants’ sonic perception. The semantic data were then extracted using varimax-rotated principal component analysis with a polychoric correlation. The sighted group elicits two solid soundscape dimensions; pleasantness and eventfulness. The visually impaired group evokes four soundscape dimensions; pleasantness-direction-safety, space, eventfulness, and contour. The soundscape dimensions reflect the pavements’ critical factors and show that visually impaired participants appraise the pavements in more detail than the sighted. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 106-129 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1834436 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1834436 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:106-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. C. Chang Author-X-Name-First: T. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: Community arts and culture initiatives in Singapore: understanding the nodal approach Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 130-131 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1987301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1987301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:130-131 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sara Habibi Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Habibi Author-Name: Esfandiar Zebardast Author-X-Name-First: Esfandiar Author-X-Name-Last: Zebardast Title: Does compact development in midsize cities contribute to quality of life? Abstract: Compactness of cities has been introduced as one of the policies to ensure a higher level of quality of life (QOL). Although it has been claimed that urban compactness will increase the QOL, the empirical research on the topic, especially in developing counties, is quite limited. this research attempts to find the effects of compactness on subjective Physical-Environmental Quality of Life (PEQOL). For this purpose, three midsize cities in Iran are selected as case studies. By applying Explorative Factor Analysis (EFA), three domains are identified to represent compactness: density-mixed uses, accessibility, and centrality. Moreover, to find PEQOL domains, 1078 questionnaires were administered in three cities. Using EFA, five domains of environment, access to services, access to educational land uses, transportation, and housing were identified as PEQOL underlying domains. Multivariate Regression Analysis (MRA) is used to explore the relationship between compactness and PEQOL. The results of the MRA reveal that there is a significant relationship between compactness and PEQOL. Also, the relationship between PEQOL and factors contributing the most to compactness was explored. The results show that the density-mixed use is the only domain that explains PEQOL variance in all cities studied. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 241-257 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1880959 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1880959 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:241-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona Title: The “public-isation†of private space – towards a charter of public space rights and responsibilities Abstract: There has been much written about the “privatisation of public spaceâ€. This paper explores and challenges these narratives by questioning whether we have seen a privatisation at all. Through an analysis of historic and contemporary data, it concludes that, in London at least, we have actually witnessed the reverse, a “public-isation of private spaceâ€. The paper goes on to ask what are the management implications of the trend? It finds that the negative associations around privatisation are often misplaced and that public-isation processes have the potential to deliver a substantial net gain to society. At the same time, the public interest management implications are just as real for public-isation as for privatisation processes. Through action research the idea of public authorities adopting a charter of public space rights and responsibilities is tested in order that the potential benefits of public space projects are captured and negative impacts avoided. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 133-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1887324 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1887324 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:133-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ãlvaro Clua Author-X-Name-First: Ãlvaro Author-X-Name-Last: Clua Author-Name: Carles Crosas Author-X-Name-First: Carles Author-X-Name-Last: Crosas Author-Name: Josep Parcerisa Author-X-Name-First: Josep Author-X-Name-Last: Parcerisa Title: An approach to visual interaction analysis of urban spaces. Central Barcelona as a case study Abstract: Beyond the binary, traditional, figure-ground reading of urban patterns, this research presents a graduated expression of the geometry of urban spaces from a perceptive point of view. This highlights the spatial relationships and introduces a new set of criteria to evaluate contemporary open spaces according to visual experience. The study produces an innovative reading of central Barcelona by mapping of Visual Clustering Coefficient, one of the parameters derived from the Visual Graph Analysis of isovists. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 192-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1886972 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1886972 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:192-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hisham Abusaada Author-X-Name-First: Hisham Author-X-Name-Last: Abusaada Author-Name: Abeer Elshater Author-X-Name-First: Abeer Author-X-Name-Last: Elshater Title: COVID-19’s challenges to urbanism: social distancing and the phenomenon of boredom in urban spaces Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 258-260 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1842484 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1842484 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:258-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ha Minh Hai Thai Author-X-Name-First: Ha Minh Hai Author-X-Name-Last: Thai Author-Name: Quentin Stevens Author-X-Name-First: Quentin Author-X-Name-Last: Stevens Author-Name: Judy Rogers Author-X-Name-First: Judy Author-X-Name-Last: Rogers Title: The evolution of pathways linking main streets and marketplaces to home-based business locations in Hanoi, Vietnam Abstract: This paper explores the spatial complexities of Hanoi’s urban form, with a focus on the evolution of the pathways linking the front door of individual households engaged in home-based income-generating activities, and the local main streets and marketplaces that provide opportunities for commerce. The pathway is an overlooked spatial element in existing urban studies, despite its critical importance in urban dwellers’ everyday lives. At the city scale, a space syntax methodology is employed to examine the changing configuration of the street network in Hanoi across five historical periods. The analysis simulates the distribution of human movement across the network, highlighting the natural formation and changes to major economic hubs. The formation, evolution, and spatial character of these pathways are then examined at the neighbourhood scale, by employing three-dimensional mapping and semi-structured on-site interviews with Home-Based Business owners. The paper extends existing understandings of how urban form influences citizens’ economic well-being. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 165-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2020.1858444 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2020.1858444 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:165-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sungduck Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sungduck Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The safety of public space: urban design guidelines for neighborhood park planning Abstract: Neighborhood parks are recognized as key urban public spaces that potentially add value to adjacent neighborhoods. Safety is an important measure of neighborhood park success, and thereby an important criterion of its social value. However, little empirical research has examined physical attributes of neighborhood park contexts and their correlation with crime. The present research provides an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the morphological context of neighborhood parks, and property/violent crimes. It employed a multiple regression analysis to explore this relationship for 150 neighborhood park contexts within the City of Chicago, revealing that variables associated with high-density, permeability, and mixed-use development do not necessarily correlate with reduced property/violent crime rates. However, some variables representing “traditional neighborhood†characteristics do correlate with lower property/violent crime rates. This study can assist urban designers and planners to develop appropriate urban design guidelines for neighborhood park planning. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 222-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1887323 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1887323 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:222-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1893797_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Duy Thinh Do Author-X-Name-First: Duy Thinh Author-X-Name-Last: Do Author-Name: Suguru Mori Author-X-Name-First: Suguru Author-X-Name-Last: Mori Title: Developed vs. undeveloped streets in Da Nang, Vietnam: which are more usable, and for whom? Abstract: The improvement of street space, in both physical and non-physical aspects, has brought a new-look to the city but also raised some controversy. Undeveloped streets, despite their lower quality and fewer amenities, still prove to have a certain attraction to urban residents. This study explores users’ perceived usage of street space based on physical and non-physical attributes that help fill the knowledge gap in street design and development. The results show that higher-income individuals tend to gather and participate in activities on modern streets, while lower-income individuals have a tendency to use undeveloped streets. This result supports the hypothesis that differences in demography can lead to differences in environmental perceptions. These findings also provide empirical evidence of the irrationality of street improvement in Vietnam, which primarily focuses on physical factors but omits non-physical elements. The study also gives suggestions for street improvements and development in Vietnam, in particular, which can be applied in countries with similar socio-economic and cultural contexts. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 340-366 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1893797 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1893797 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:340-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1918750_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Tammara Soma Author-X-Name-First: Tammara Author-X-Name-Last: Soma Author-Name: Tamara Shulman Author-X-Name-First: Tamara Author-X-Name-Last: Shulman Author-Name: Belinda Li Author-X-Name-First: Belinda Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Janette Bulkan Author-X-Name-First: Janette Author-X-Name-Last: Bulkan Author-Name: Meagan Curtis Author-X-Name-First: Meagan Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis Title: Food assets for whom? Community perspectives on food asset mapping in Canada Abstract: Food asset mapping is an emerging tool to promote food security and food resiliency in Canadian cities. It provides a baseline of a city’s food assets and identifies local food infrastructures that can support community food security. Mainstream food asset maps predominantly focus on the built environment, giving less consideration to the natural environment and social assets. Moreover, in the absence of community perspectives, informal, and racialized food spaces might not even be considered. Drawing upon the findings from a community focus group and food asset mapping workshop, we engaged diverse community members from the City of Vancouver (n=20) to further define and identify key food assets in Vancouver. Of note, several participants raised their discomfort with the term “assetâ€, especially within the context of colonialization in Vancouver, and raised the question of who gets to define what is and what is not a “food asset.†Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 322-339 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1918750 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1918750 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:322-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1883720_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: F.L. Hooimeijer Author-X-Name-First: F.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Hooimeijer Author-Name: K. Sugano Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Sugano Author-Name: D. Böing Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Böing Author-Name: F. LaFleur Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: LaFleur Title: Subsurface visualization in the planning products of disaster scapes in the USA and Japan Abstract: Global challenges of ongoing urbanization especially in areas with increased coastal, fluvial and pluvial flooding cannot be solved by mere engineering solutions. Reversed Engineering with Nature is a concept that puts the natural system central, but it does seek symbioses with engineering systems into a new hybrid condition. This spatial hybridity is not only about integrating natural and engineered systems but also in considering surface and subsurface as one united space. Anticipating global challenges by synchronizing natural and engineered system and the spatial planning of surface and subsurface means innovating governance processes and products. This paper focusses on the question on how to integrate information the natural and engineered systems in surface and subsurface in urban development plans. The study of a series of plans for the case studies, New York (USA) and Natori (Japan), both struck by natural disasters, should expose the role of technical information. Especially the impact of an disaster to which usually engineering solutions are installed is an important test factor in this study. The conclusions show that the role of the spatial plan defines the visualization, to work consciously with the effects of climate change, it is important to include the subsurface information. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 282-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1883720 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1883720 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:282-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1893796_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Miguel Angel Bartorila Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Angel Author-X-Name-Last: Bartorila Author-Name: Gabriel Diaz Montemayor Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz Montemayor Title: Urban and environmental regeneration in Mexican cities: a design framework Abstract: The social and environmental crises of Mexican cities demand an urgent search for solutions through design projects capable of both mitigation and recovery. This article proposes a design framework for projects that can result in an urban and environmental regeneration for these cities. This framework uses the concepts of territorial scale, hybrid systems, and urban ecotones, and it results from a revision of emerging theories and the application of the framework in two design projects in Mexico: A Green Corridor System for Hermosillo and a Blue Ring for Tampico. The proposed design framework contributes to the emerging planning context in Mexico while employing existing tools and studies. The article concludes that the proposed design framework can reinforce territorial identities by facilitating the regeneration of the urban artifact and by enabling the use natural ecosystems. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 261-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1893796 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1893796 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:261-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1936599_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Ruthie Kaplan Author-X-Name-First: Ruthie Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplan Author-Name: Rachel Kallus Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Kallus Title: Formal and cultural readings of a vanished community: explorations of the Jewish district of Åódź Abstract: The development of Åódź as a 19th century Eastern European industrial town has been widely researched, including in the disciplines of urban studies and urban morphology. The Jewish district, mostly ruined during WWII and under communist rule, has been less researched, despite Åódź’s rich Jewish heritage. Under the postulation that urban form expresses the history of living communities, this paper seeks to find “past ghosts†of the vanished Jewish community of Åódź. The analysis is based on formal data augmented by cultural material. The aim is to examine the Jewish inhabitants’ everyday lives and their use of the urban space to reveal how the development of the Jewish district was related to its residents’ identity. The conclusion is twofold; although perceived as different, the Jewish district did not differ formally from the town it resided in, and thus, cultural reading is necessary to understand morphological developments. The paper raises issues of place and identity, which are relevant throughout history and in the present, amid the national, ethnic and religious contests manifested in urban everyday life. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 367-392 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1936599 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1936599 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:367-392 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1893798_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Rafael Harun Author-X-Name-First: Rafael Author-X-Name-Last: Harun Author-Name: Pierre Filion Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Filion Author-Name: Markus Moos Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Moos Title: The immigrant effect on commuting modal shares: variation and consistency across metropolitan zones Abstract: The literature has identified an “immigrant effect†in commuting modal shares, accounting for higher reliance on public transit. Few studies have, however, studied the immigrant effect at the intra-metropolitan scale. This paper relies on individual- and census tract-level data to identify relations between immigrant modal shares and housing location within three metropolitan concentric zones (inner city, inner and outer suburb) and selected socioeconomic variables. Findings from the Toronto metropolitan area confirm the existence of an immigrant effect, as immigrants register higher levels of transit use than the domestically born population in all categories of residential location across the metropolitan region. The paper reflects on reasons for, and sustainability consequences of, disproportional immigrant transit reliance in sectors, such as the outer suburb, that are poorly served by transit. It suggests a demand-driven transit strategy that would involve adjusting services to the higher transit reliance of immigrants. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 421-441 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1893798 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1893798 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:421-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1936602_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Cláudia Monteiro Author-X-Name-First: Cláudia Author-X-Name-Last: Monteiro Author-Name: Paulo Pinho Author-X-Name-First: Paulo Author-X-Name-Last: Pinho Title: Comparing approaches in urban morphology Abstract: Comparing different approaches to urban form has been acknowledged as one of the most important lines of research in urban morphology. This challenge has been reinforced over the last decade. While some studies compare different morphological perspectives, others attempt to go one step further, establishing composite views. In both cases, there is still a need to undertake more systematic research supported by rigorous comparisons of findings. Against this background, the paper seeks to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated morphological approach for a better understanding of human settlements. For that purpose, the article compares the separate application of three dominant perspectives on urban form (historico-geographical, process typological and configurational approaches) with an integrated view and methodology, the so-called MAP – Morphological Analysis and Prescription. MAP is framed by a ground-breaking understanding of morphological zoning, typology, and configuration. The comparison is developed in a case study in Oporto, Portugal. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 491-518 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1936602 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1936602 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:491-518 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1936600_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Karina Landman Author-X-Name-First: Karina Author-X-Name-Last: Landman Author-Name: Darren Nel Author-X-Name-First: Darren Author-X-Name-Last: Nel Title: Changing public spaces and urban resilience in the City of Tshwane, South Africa Abstract: The City of Tshwane has experienced significant political, socio-economic and spatial changes. The lives and daily use patterns of different people in the city, as well as public spaces changed. While some people have retreated to semi-privatised space, others are enjoying unrestricted use of space in more traditional parks and quality public spaces in former marginalised areas. This raises questions regarding the impact of these changes on urban resilience, especially in the context of the new Tshwane 2055 vision calling for a “liveable, inclusive and resilient cityâ€. This study analyses six public spaces in three different neighbourhood types in Pretoria and highlights the emergence of three trends - degradation, adaptation and transformation. The paper argues that these trends have implications for urban resilience of both the public space and the immediate surroundings in terms of diversity, intensity, proximity and connectivity in and around these spaces. Limited diversity proximity, intensity and connectivity strain opportunities for adaptation, while radical intervention at a specific point in time can expedite the trajectory of change and bring about rapid transformation. This has implications for urban planning and design in terms of deciding the level, extent and nature of interventions in particular parts of cities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 442-469 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1936600 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1936600 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:442-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1908400_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Oriana Codispoti Author-X-Name-First: Oriana Author-X-Name-Last: Codispoti Title: Sustainable urban forms: eco-neighbourhoods in Europe Abstract: Far from specifying any form, the term “eco-neighbourhood†is designed to symbolically embrace a set of invariants seen both in high-efficiency building designs and environmental resource cycle management infrastructures, within a particularly wide range of settlement morphologies and resulting types of architecture. This paper first pinpoints the common features of some pioneering eco-neighbourhoods across Europe, and then concentrates on the degree to which disciplinary advances in environmental resource management have been accompanied by the same attention to spatial configuration. Through a critical reading of certain “sustainable urban forms†designed to combine material facts with formal and relational aspects, which are more difficult to measure, this paper then strives to create a dialogue between the different strands of knowledge involved in urban planning, as they are called upon to search for a balance between population, resources and environment. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 395-420 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1908400 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1908400 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:395-420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1908402_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Mariana Estrada Velázquez Author-X-Name-First: Mariana Author-X-Name-Last: Estrada Velázquez Author-Name: Antonio Zumelzu Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: Zumelzu Author-Name: Laura RodrÃguez Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: RodrÃguez Title: Exploring nodality and connectivity as dimensions to promote sustainable urban form in medium-sized Chilean cities: the case of Isla Teja in Valdivia Abstract: In Chilean cities, the lack of planning and fragmented urban growth are changing the lifestyles of neighborhood communities, and consequently leading to an unsustainable built environment. The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate sustainable urban conditions in two Chilean neighborhoods. This research explores nodality and connectivity, two dimensions of the built environment related with sustainability, as dimensions that could promote sustainability at the neighborhood level. Four methods elaborated by the community of space syntax theorists are implemented to evaluate levels of nodality: people following, the gate method, the static snapshot method, and movement traces. To evaluate connectivity, axial analysis is used to evaluate the density of cross streets per area unit, by using Depthmap analysis. The results show which are the specific features and patterns that enhance sustainability at the neighborhood level, as well as providing implications for local planning instruments. On the basis of conclusions, recommendations are offered to move Chilean neighborhoods toward a more sustainable path. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 470-490 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1908402 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1908402 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:470-490 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2114221_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Emily Talen Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Talen Title: Journal of urbanism editorial Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 393-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2114221 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2114221 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:393-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1936603_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Patricia Simoes Aelbrecht Author-X-Name-First: Patricia Author-X-Name-Last: Simoes Aelbrecht Author-Name: Aidan while Author-X-Name-First: Aidan Author-X-Name-Last: while Title: Millennials and the contested urban legacy of post-war modernist social housing in the UK Abstract: Attitudes to the European modernist social housing experiments of the 1950s and 1960s are complicated and contested. Once derided as a failed and elitist social project, over the last two decades, there has been growing appreciation of the design principles and ethos of the post-war Architecture of Social Intent (AOSI), assisted by a proactive programme of national conservation protection. In this paper, we reflect on a university action research project to explore what the AOSI might mean to a younger “millennial†generation. Using an undergraduate action-research project from the UK, we explore millennials responses to the idea of the AOSI but also the perceptions of the welfare state associated with it and the state’s changing role in social housing provision. The paper makes a distinctive contribution to the growing literature on changing perceptions of modernist heritage, making a case for wider public engagement with urban change and design aesthetics. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 42-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1936603 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1936603 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:42-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1936601_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Rob Shields Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Shields Author-Name: Edmar Joaquim Gomes da Silva Author-X-Name-First: Edmar Joaquim Author-X-Name-Last: Gomes da Silva Author-Name: Thiago Lima e Lima Author-X-Name-First: Thiago Author-X-Name-Last: Lima e Lima Author-Name: Nathalia Osorio Author-X-Name-First: Nathalia Author-X-Name-Last: Osorio Title: Walkability: a review of trends Abstract: Walkability has emerged as not only a set of indexes and metrics but a normative discourse. This review of walkability studies draws on English, Spanish and Portuguese literatures, as well as case studies evaluating pedestrian walking in cities. In recent literature reviews, a pattern emerges of studies agreeing on relatively consistent factors while identifying problems with metrics. However, these studies continue to operate on an aggregate level, often without differentiating pedestrians by gender, age, and ability. The lack of higher-order socioeconomic and affective factors such as social norms and comfort reflects a lack of attention to diversity. The ubiquitous importance of hand-held mobile devices, although undercut by the lack of a single mobile platform, suggests the possibility of crowd-sourced assessments. GIS and GPS tools allow emerging professional practices focused on walkability audits. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 19-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1936601 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1936601 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:19-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1933572_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Els Leclercq Author-X-Name-First: Els Author-X-Name-Last: Leclercq Author-Name: Dorina Pojani Author-X-Name-First: Dorina Author-X-Name-Last: Pojani Title: Public space privatisation: are users concerned? Abstract: Academics have decried the erosion of public space under the neoliberal practices that have taken root since the 1980s in cities around the world. However, it is unclear whether users are concerned about the ownership of the urban spaces they use. To find out, this study surveyed users and observed their behaviour in three types of public spaces in Liverpool, UK: one entirely private development, one public-private partnership, and one urban renewal project taken over by a grassroots organization. The findings indicate that users appreciate privatised areas for the pleasant, clean, and safe environment they offer, as well as for the socialising opportunities. At the same time, privatised spaces send subtle signals to users that certain activities, people, or behaviours are not tolerated or encouraged. To reinforce the democratic essence of public space, values of appropriation should be safeguarded in all types of urban spaces, including privately produced ones. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1933572 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1933572 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:1-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1924838_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: J. Dreher Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Dreher Author-Name: N. Alaily-Mattar Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Alaily-Mattar Author-Name: A. Thierstein Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Thierstein Title: Star architecture projects and their effects: tracing the evidence Abstract: Since the inauguration of the Guggenheim-Museum Bilbao in 1997 many studies have examined the impact of star architecture projects. Most of these are individual case studies that focus on single effects, treating star architecture projects as monolithic entities. Furthermore, they fail to explain which precise aspects of these projects generate effects, so it remains unclear how they “workâ€. We have applied a conceptual impact model to two case studies – the Culture and Convention Centre in Lucerne (KKL) and the Phaeno Science Centre in Wolfsburg and divided the projects into four outputs: the building, the function, the offerings of star architecture, and the actor-network, to analyse how these outputs generate socio-cultural, touristic and urban regeneration effects. The paper demonstrates that the different outputs of the projects produce a case-specific set of effects. Despite the differences between the two projects, the paper identifies common patterns of how star architecture projects generate effects. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 65-83 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1924838 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1924838 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:65-83 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1944282_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Joko Adianto Author-X-Name-First: Joko Author-X-Name-Last: Adianto Author-Name: Rossa Turpuk Gabe Author-X-Name-First: Rossa Turpuk Author-X-Name-Last: Gabe Author-Name: Muhammad Akmal Farraz Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Akmal Author-X-Name-Last: Farraz Title: The influence of family relations on the housing preferences of Millennials in Depok, Indonesia Abstract: This study identifies the housing norms and preferences of millennials in Indonesia. Millennials are thought to have different housing norms and preferences compared to prior generations. However, there is a need for further research on this topic to provide appropriate housing for the emerging millennial population. A mixed-method study was employed with 400 participating resident–respondents in Depok, one of Indonesia’s fastest-growing cities. A six-point Likert scale was used to identify millennials’ related characteristics quantitatively, and the reasons for their housing preferences were assessed using qualitative methods. Through linear regression, this study identifies family-oriented values were found to be dominant for millennials’ character-related activities. The results of crosstab analysis from the tabularised data-driven coding show that the characteristics of millennial housing norms and preferences are similar to those of the previous generation because of the millennials’ financial dependency on their parents. That is, this situation allows parents to conform millennials’ housing norms and preferences to theirs. These study findings confirm that housing norms and preferences are culturally dependent and formulated through negotiation between immediate and extended family members. This study identifies the intergenerational characteristics of the housing norms of Indonesian millennials, thus contributing to possible future improvements in the housing policy for them. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 84-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1944282 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1944282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:84-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1933571_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Jiwoon Jeong Author-X-Name-First: Jiwoon Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong Author-Name: Youngjun Park Author-X-Name-First: Youngjun Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Sohyun Park Author-X-Name-First: Sohyun Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Safety-critical events in bicycle lanes in Jongno, Seoul Abstract: Increasing use of cycling is closely associated with bicycle safety on the street. This study investigates safety-critical events (SCEs) on the newly built bicycle lane in a highly populated area. To encourage the low level of bicycle use, Seoul municipal government started its first plan make rooms for a new bike lane on the existing Jongno street, a symbolic boulevard in the metropolitan city center, in 2018. The goal of the study is to evaluate bicycle safety after the installation of that bike lane on Jongno street for road safety. Based on the record data from the city’s traffic camera video, which are open to the public, 141 SCEs are found for 7 days. We could find SCE characteristics and most frequent SCEs in Jongno using descriptive analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. As a result, six types of SCE clusters were extracted, and each has specific situations and meaningful implications. These findings help understand less-known traffic conflicts in the new practice of bicycle facilities in a car-oriented CBD street that are not yet familiar with bicycle culture. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 101-124 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1933571 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1933571 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:101-124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1953112_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hyesun Jeong Author-X-Name-First: Hyesun Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong Title: Does café culture drive artistic enclaves? Abstract: Café culture is emerging as a global phenomenon. While the café has been a social venue for artists throughout history, research has not paid much attention to the relation between cafés and artists in cultural settings. In this paper, we conceptualize and quantify three types of café and art scenes: bohemian, corporate, and communal. Using the Yellow Pages and US Census data, our statistical analyses assess the role of cafés in the clustering of artists in New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago. The results show that the presence of cafés is significantly associated with clusters of artists, all else being equal. In the entire metropolitan statistical areas, cafés in bohemian or communal settings attract artists, although they are highly present in corporate culture as well. Case studies also suggest that pedestrian streetscape, interactive store design, building conversion programs, and access to transit draw artists to cafés. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 196-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1953112 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1953112 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:196-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1953111_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Andrea Garfinkel-Castro Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Garfinkel-Castro Title: Unpacking Latino urbanisms: a four-part thematic framework around culturally relevant responses to structural forces Abstract: This article unpacks literature on Latino Urbanism to identify a holistic, thematically organized framework for understanding Latina/o sociospatial practices and to suggest how planners might plan for and/or better support Latino Urbanisms. Cultural expressions in response to structural forces that have and continue to challenge, oppress, and marginalize Latino communities in the U.S. form four thematic fundamental to Latino Urbanisms – spatializing translocal economies, embedding mobility, functionalizing housing, and enacting place. Through education and training, planners come to accept Anglocentric practices and aesthetics as normative, in contrast to the sociospatial practices of Latino communities, which become otherized and marginalized as Latino Urbanisms. Additionally, as “enacted environments,†Latino Urbanisms appear relatively unamenable to a formal paradigm. There are nonetheless planning and policy responses that planners can take to support Latino communities and in the enactment of Latino Urbanisms, and to enhance the qualities of sustainability and resilience inherent to Latino Urbanisms. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 221-241 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1953111 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1953111 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:221-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1950035_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jonathan Daly Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Daly Title: In and out of place in Federation Square Abstract: Federation Square is an iconic urban public space in the centre of Melbourne. It was commissioned to celebrate the establishment of the nation of Australia in 1901; to represent the state of Victoria’s increasing ethnic diversity; and to provide the civic square omitted since the grid plan was first laid out in 1837, when the city was officially founded. Despite Federation Square’s iconic status, there remains a lack of empirical research exploring how well this public space enables and constrains the varied spatial practices of the city’s ethnically diverse population. This paper begins with an outline of the actor-network ethnography and research methods employed in this study. Then, a description of Federation Square is provided, followed by a discussion of the key findings. This paper claims that the flows of everyday urban life that facilitate random encounters between difference are largely absent from Federation Square. Furthermore, the paper argues that minority ethnic groups are more likely to feel and be seen to be ‘out-of-place’ in Federation Square. While the architecture attempts to represent the ethnic diversity of the city, the built form, programming and management limit diverse spatial practices outside of major events. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 142-167 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1950035 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1950035 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:142-167 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1944283_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Dorina Pojani Author-X-Name-First: Dorina Author-X-Name-Last: Pojani Author-Name: Sara Alidoust Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Alidoust Title: Lest we forget: media predictions of a post-Covid-19 urban future Abstract: This article recounts a study of media predictions on the future of cities, post-pandemic. From a theoretical perspective, we consider discourse and storytelling (written, oral, or visual) as crucial public policy and planning tools. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of more than 110 media articles from more than 60 sources, which appeared online and/or in print between March and May 2020. We find that the media has played the role of both Kassandra and Pollyanna. Some prophecies have spelled doom and gloom whereas others have envisioned a brighter urban future. The value of the study is in establishing a baseline of “urban prophecies†formulated by the media. These can be revisited in the future to find out whether they were realistic. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 125-141 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1944283 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1944283 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:125-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1979084_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hiroaki Hata Author-X-Name-First: Hiroaki Author-X-Name-Last: Hata Author-Name: Ernest Sternberg Author-X-Name-First: Ernest Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg Title: Framing the beholder’s visual experience: an investigation of perspectival thinking for urban design Abstract: Starting with Hermann Maertens in Germany in the 19th century, urban designers have used rules of real-life perspective to position environmental objects with respect to the viewer. In a slow and intermittent evolution, they have engaged in ever more elaborate applications of such design, but have treated it as technique, neglecting theoretical investigation. The subject deserves new attention now that our lives are dominated ever more by electronic media, which may be atrophying our intuitive sense of space. The article investigates ideas of perspectival design through the 20th century, describes applications in urban design practice, points out flaws and limitations, responds to criticisms, and suggests theoretical directions. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 242-265 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1979084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1979084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:242-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1944281_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Khaled Alawadi Author-X-Name-First: Khaled Author-X-Name-Last: Alawadi Author-Name: Ngoc Hong Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Ngoc Author-X-Name-Last: Hong Nguyen Author-Name: Eiman Alrubaei Author-X-Name-First: Eiman Author-X-Name-Last: Alrubaei Author-Name: Martin Scoppa Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Scoppa Title: Streets, density, and the superblock: neighborhood planning units and street connectivity in Abu Dhabi Abstract: This article studies the efficiency of street networks of Neighborhood Planning Units. Pedestrian Route Directness quantified the NPUs’ efficiency. The sample includes ten Abu Dhabi NPUs built during two periods: pre-1990 and post-1990. Two scenarios are assessed. First, as-built streets are evaluated based on the PRD test. Second, PRD values of NPUs with different plot densities are compared. Results show that plot density does not affect efficiency. A good network design produces high efficiency regardless of its plot density. The effects of streets on efficiency were further revealed by Betweenness. Combining PRD and Betweenness yields important principles of network design. This method can be applied to assess the connectivity of streets in different contexts. Future research should focus on: How do alleys contribute to the efficiency of NPUs? How do street configurations influence the behavior of movement? And how should NPUs be evaluated as local street systems with global implications? Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 168-195 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1944281 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1944281 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:168-195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1979085_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Fatema Meher Khan Author-X-Name-First: Fatema Meher Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Elek Pafka Author-X-Name-First: Elek Author-X-Name-Last: Pafka Author-Name: Kim Dovey Author-X-Name-First: Kim Author-X-Name-Last: Dovey Title: Understanding informal functional mix: morphogenic mapping of Old Dhaka Abstract: Functional mix has long been a key urban design and planning principle geared towards walkability and urban vitality. Yet in many informalized cities of the global South, an intensified mix is seen as a problem. This study of Old Dhaka maps and analyses functional mix as it has changed over the past 30 years in relation to morphologies of access networks, entry interfaces, and densities. We analyse the evolution of urbanism, where a complex mix emerges both horizontally and vertically, where retail functions extend many storeys above the street and the concept of singular land use is largely irrelevant. We show how increases in functional mix are meshed with increases in density, mediated by plot size, street networks, and a loose governance framework. This is an extreme case that reveals how functional mix intensifies under informal conditions and in concert with a broader morphogenesis. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 267-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1979085 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1979085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:267-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1987300_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Paola Pucci Author-X-Name-First: Paola Author-X-Name-Last: Pucci Author-Name: Giovanni Vecchio Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni Author-X-Name-Last: Vecchio Author-Name: Erika Andrea Gallego Vega Author-X-Name-First: Erika Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Gallego Vega Title: Women’s mobilities and perceived safety: urban form matters. Evidence from three peripheral districts in the city of Bogotá Abstract: The paper aims at investigating the interplay of urban form and women’s mobilities in three peripheral districts in the city of Bogotá. Integrating a morpho-functional analysis of the built environment with an ethnographic analysis focused on the walking practices of a sample of women, the paper highlights the main gendered spatial experiences and how the perceived safety acts as a mediator between built environment attributes and walking behaviours. The conclusion introduces two challenges: first, the need for new interpretative lenses, different from those of a man-centred perspective and able to interpret the women’s territoriality – considered as the spaces produced through their mobility practices; second, the possibility to use women’s mobilities experiences and their tactics of adaptation as a tool for more effective urban and mobility policies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 310-340 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1987300 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1987300 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:310-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1979083_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Thi-Thanh-Hiên Pham Author-X-Name-First: Thi-Thanh-Hiên Author-X-Name-Last: Pham Author-Name: Jérémy Gelb Author-X-Name-First: Jérémy Author-X-Name-Last: Gelb Author-Name: Isabelle Gagnon Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle Author-X-Name-Last: Gagnon Title: Expanding in the mountains: spatial patterns of urban form in a rapidly urbanising small city of Vietnam Abstract: Measuring urban form is particularly important in rapidly urbanising countries as it can help assess problems caused by inefficient planning. Despite this, there is a dearth of research on fine-scale measures of urban form in Asia and Vietnam. In this paper, we aim to identify spatial patterns of urban form measured at the intra-urban level in Là o Cai, a provincial capital city in northern Vietnam that has been transformed dramatically since its integration in the Greater Mekong Subregion. We compute 15 indicators of urban form divided into four groups: shapes of built areas, street connectivity, density of services and population, and accessibility. A spatial clustering of the indicators allows to identify five urban form types and their spatial patterns, showing that this small city is experiencing an extensive and fragmented urban growth. We question urbanisation policy underlying such urban form and suggest avenues for a more sustainable urban planning. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 380-406 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1979083 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1979083 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:380-406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1973077_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Konstantina Vidou Author-X-Name-First: Konstantina Author-X-Name-Last: Vidou Author-Name: Dionysis Latinopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Dionysis Author-X-Name-Last: Latinopoulos Title: Implementation of a Place Game tool in the city of Rotterdam to enhance urban resilience to climate change through placemaking Abstract: This paper aims at establishing a connection between placemaking and urban climate change resilience. The Place Diagram was used as a framework for evaluating the quality of public space in the city of Rotterdam. In addition to the conventional approach, we added a new dimension to this Diagram to incorporate the climate adaptive capacity of a place. Based on the city’s climate adaptation strategy and climate-resilience action plans we identified the most vulnerable to climate change impacts district. The urban planning characteristics and the local climate stressors of this district were analyzed, enabling us to design and implement a Place Game – i.e. a tool for participatory design processes aiming at evaluating urban interventions at the local scale. A long-term vision for the study area (Gouvernestraat street) was finally developed, which enhances urban resilience to climate change by integrating ecosystem and community-based adaptation measures in local development planning and policymaking. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 286-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1973077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1973077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:286-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005116_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Crystal V. Olin Author-X-Name-First: Crystal V. Author-X-Name-Last: Olin Author-Name: Michelle Thompson-Fawcett Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson-Fawcett Title: ‘Just right’ urbanism? Beyond communitarian ideals in Stockholm’s compact neighbourhoods Abstract: This article investigates the widely implemented compact neighbourhood type and aims to stimulate fresh thinking in Anglo-American urban enquiry by building on the work of Massey and others to illuminate relational complexities between sociality and space. The authors present findings from research in Stockholm, which reveal spatial porosity and novel social meanings existing between polarised notions of connectedness and separateness. Such insights may be overlooked without adequate recognition of agency in relational investigations. Thus, renewed emphasis on agential capacity in both people and built form would benefit planning efforts. The neighbourhoods investigated foster patterns of “just right†(lagom) urbanity in which individuals find temporary reprieve and sociospatial mediation amidst wider metropolitan challenges. Future research could determine if neighbourhoods situated elsewhere foster similar interrelations, and – if so – what impacts on human well-being result. The authors urge theorists to undertake more-than-relational research in other contexts and with other neighbourhood types. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 358-379 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005116 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005116 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:358-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1963811_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Soroush Masoumzadeh Author-X-Name-First: Soroush Author-X-Name-Last: Masoumzadeh Author-Name: Caryl Bosman Author-X-Name-First: Caryl Author-X-Name-Last: Bosman Author-Name: Natalie Osborne Author-X-Name-First: Natalie Author-X-Name-Last: Osborne Title: Becoming walkable: relational and contextual effects of enhanced walkability Abstract: This study aims to understand how infill developments with walkable policies influence not only the walkability of the modified area but also the proximate urban spaces located in the context. The paper uses a mixed-methods and a relational approach to conduct comparative research in the form of pre- and post-construction analysis in a recently pedestrianised street to evaluate how enhanced walking in the pedestrianised corridor affected the walkability of its adjacent spaces. Results suggest that the enhanced walkability in the pedestrianised street increased the walkability of the adjacent spaces. Then, the study adopts a critical stance towards current approaches of understanding walkability and argues this finding corroborates the idea behind assemblage thinking in the walkability debate; that is, walkability is a capacity that may or may not be actualised. Here, seeing walkability in terms of a “becoming assemblage,†emphasises the role of assemblage thinking in grasping the dynamics of walkability. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 341-357 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1963811 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1963811 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:341-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1995027_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hillary Shiverenje Songole Author-X-Name-First: Hillary Shiverenje Author-X-Name-Last: Songole Title: Examining the streets of Kabalagala’s CBD Using Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Abstract: Developing countries should explore other avenues apart from the traditional approaches of crime prevention mainly involving the criminal justice and social approaches of crime prevention that may assist in arresting crime amid resource constraints and predicted increase in population. This paper evaluates the streets of Kabalagala township Located in Kampala City, Uganda using a Defensible Space checklist and assess the perceptions of property/business owners concerning property crimes at the street level. The findings indicated that the streets of Muyenga, Gaba and Kikubamutwe were impacted by the existence of isolated areas and concealment opportunities and presented signs of poor maintenance and management of street elements which may have adversely affected effective natural surveillance and attracted criminal activity. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 447-479 Issue: 4 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1995027 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1995027 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:447-479 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005119_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Arman Mirzakhani Author-X-Name-First: Arman Author-X-Name-Last: Mirzakhani Author-Name: Mateu Turró Author-X-Name-First: Mateu Author-X-Name-Last: Turró Author-Name: Mostafa Behzadfar Author-X-Name-First: Mostafa Author-X-Name-Last: Behzadfar Title: Factors affecting social sustainability in the historical city centres of Iran Abstract: The current study’s primary purpose is to explore the critical social variables that could affect the urban regeneration of historical city centres in Iran. The study was based on a questionnaire-based survey in four historical city centres: Kashan, Naeen, Ardakan and Yazd. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to analyse the collected data. SPSS software was applied to extract the factors, and the Analysis of Moment Structures software (AMOS 24) used to confirm these factors through a structural model. Based on the results, seven significant factors proved most relevant: security/safety; accessibility; equity; participation; quality of life; solidarity and income. The highest correlations between them were observed in security and participation, accessibility and quality of life, and accessibility and equity. These relationships should guide urban planners and policy-makers dealing with historical city centres. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 498-527 Issue: 4 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005119 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005119 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:498-527 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005120_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Garyfallia Katsavounidou Author-X-Name-First: Garyfallia Author-X-Name-Last: Katsavounidou Title: Child, play, and urban space: a historical overview and a holistic paradigm for child-centered urbanism Abstract: The relationship between children and the city is critical for both. Not only do different built environments shape different childhoods, but child-friendliness is a sign of overall city quality. Extensive research in the fields of environmental psychology and children’s geographies has highlighted the significance of urban space as children’s habitat. Cities, on the other hand, have been designed since modernity largely without taking children’s needs into account. To bridge the gap between research on children and the practice of urban design we need a holistic paradigm unifying discourses on childhood and on play with urbanism itself. I call this paradigm Spielraum. I focus on selected historical cases of child-centered practices including Red Vienna’s housing complexes, Van Eyck’s Amsterdam playgrounds, and the “Stop the Child Murder†movement in the Netherlands. Based on these and other pioneering examples, I propose four rubrics of urban design practice towards a Spielraum city. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 430-446 Issue: 4 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005120 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005120 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:430-446 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1995026_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Mustapha Ben-Hamouche Author-X-Name-First: Mustapha Author-X-Name-Last: Ben-Hamouche Title: New towns: the dilemma of newness and Genius Loci. The case of Bouinan, Algeria Abstract: Newness, or building from scratch, has long been considered as the mantra of the New Towns. Most early New Towns were built on Ex-nihilo sites. That provides the state of mental and physical blankness - best known as tabula rasa - that modern planning favours. It is only after generations that relying on pre-existing nucleus is realised to be an alternative that helps to achieve place-making and promotes Genius Loci. The paper first presents a contribution to this alternative approach, encapsulates its philosophy and turns it into a working tool. It then discusses the process of its deployment. Bouinan New Town, (Algeria), provides a raw example of a New Town on which the approach was applied. It discusses the potentials and limits of the approach through its three parameters that are Man, Space, and Time, and resolving the dilemma between Genius Loci and Newness. Results and findings aim at fine-tuning the next New Towns generation that is envisaged in the 2030 Vision Plan and enrich the New Towns world literature in countries having similar conditions. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 528-547 Issue: 4 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1995026 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1995026 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:528-547 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005115_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Katja Maununaho Author-X-Name-First: Katja Author-X-Name-Last: Maununaho Author-Name: Eeva Puumala Author-X-Name-First: Eeva Author-X-Name-Last: Puumala Author-Name: Henna Luoma-Halkola Author-X-Name-First: Henna Author-X-Name-Last: Luoma-Halkola Title: Conviviality in the city: experience-based spatial design against the segregation of places Abstract: The article discusses design against segregation in an urban context characterized by diversity. It sets out to understand how individual experiences of urban space can lead to segregation of places between diverse inhabitants. We argue that the introduction of experience-based spatial design that takes note of perceptions and social interactions and their entanglement with the material aspects of space, is needed to tackle the processes where urban amenities and places become segregated. In our search for social and material fabrics that promote meaningful encounters in an urban environment, we combine an experience-based dataset collected among older people and young migrant adults with design-based observations. In our analysis, we utilize the concept of conviviality as a tool to translate experience-based knowledge into tangible information inputs for spatial design. The analysis culminates in the creation of visions that exemplify how experience-based knowledge can be operationalised for designing against segregation. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 407-429 Issue: 4 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005115 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005115 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:407-429 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_1995028_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Amin Shaer Author-X-Name-First: Amin Author-X-Name-Last: Shaer Author-Name: Meysam Rezaei Author-X-Name-First: Meysam Author-X-Name-Last: Rezaei Author-Name: Behnam Moghani Rahimi Author-X-Name-First: Behnam Author-X-Name-Last: Moghani Rahimi Title: Assessing the COVID-19 outbreak effects on active mobility of men in comparison with women Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on active mobility of men and women of Shiraz, Iran, and examine the relationship between perceived built environment factors and men’s and women’s active travel before and during the outbreak. The data were obtained during the pandemic from 747 men and 518 women living in Shiraz. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire-based survey. The multivariate regression was utilized for determining the effective factors on active travel. The results indicate that the amount of time men spend walking and cycling before and during the outbreak is more than that of women. Meanwhile, the amount of time men and women spend cycling has increased during the pandemic, which can indicate the resiliency of bikes in the crisis. A built environment with mixed, diverse, dense and accessible land uses, as well as safe and secure cycling and walking routes have major effects on citizens’ active mobility in this crisis. Also, for women who have a low rate of bicycle ownership, improving bike-sharing infrastructure is essential. Therefore, it is suggested that urban planners and policymakers take action to make the environment more people-friendly to maintain citizens’ mobility, especially women, during the pandemic. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 480-497 Issue: 4 Volume: 16 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.1995028 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.1995028 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:480-497 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2011378_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: VÃtor Oliveira Author-X-Name-First: VÃtor Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Title: Urban form and the socioeconomic and environmental dimensions of cities Abstract: Despite advances in debate on the relationships between urban form and socioeconomic and environmental dimensions of cities, many perspectives are being developed in isolation. This paper proposes a more integrated view of this relationship. It examines the correlation between specific physical patterns and certain levels of socioeconomic diversity and environmental sustainability, which are fundamental characteristics of cities. Whilst morphological investigation addresses the “town-plan†elements of the city, socioeconomic and environmental examinations focus on a set of indicators on education, employment, housing, economic activities, residents, workers, “moving individuals,†and green and blue infrastructure. The inquiry takes place in Porto, Portugal. The city is divided into its main urban tissues (patterns of combination of urban form elements). Within each tissue, one sample area is selected and characterized in physical, social, economic, and environmental terms. This comprehensive picture is complemented with a description of the daily habits of two hypothetical residents. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2011378 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2011378 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2021972_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Silvia G. Tavares Author-X-Name-First: Silvia G. Author-X-Name-Last: Tavares Author-Name: David Sellars Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Sellars Author-Name: Karine Dupré Author-X-Name-First: Karine Author-X-Name-Last: Dupré Author-Name: Gregor H. Mews Author-X-Name-First: Gregor H. Author-X-Name-Last: Mews Title: Implementation of the New Urban Agenda on a local level: an effective community engagement methodology for human-centred urban design Abstract: This paper explores multi-method community engagement activities used to quickly and effectively produce an action plan based on city stakeholders’ perceptions and wishes. A UN-Habitat Urban Thinkers Campus (UTC), focused on promoting urban liveability, adopted a methodology aimed to effectively engage participants through the completion of urban diaries prior to the event. Engagement with participants was further enhanced through urban labs and discussions culminating in a Design Sprint, producing meaningful action statements. The methodology was aimed at capturing impressions, concerns and roles of each stakeholder group in producing human-centred urban environments. Results suggest the adopted methodology was successful in producing a clear set of tangible action statements, identified as potentially generating high impact and requiring low effort to be implemented. These readily applicable actions were compiled by the end of a single but intense workday. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 24-46 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2021972 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2021972 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:24-46 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005121_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: T. Bozovic Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Bozovic Author-Name: E. Hinckson Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Hinckson Author-Name: T. Stewart Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart Author-Name: M. Smith Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: How street quality influences the walking experience: an inquiry into the perceptions of adults with diverse ages and disabilities Abstract: The benefits of walking are now well understood. However, there is still no consensus on what causes people to forego short walking trips. This study examined users’ perceptions on trips usually walked, as well as perceptions of desirable trips within walking distance but not walked. 56 adults with diverse disability statuses and ages, living in Auckland New Zealand, were interviewed. Content analysis was used to discover the perceived difficulties of walking and what lies behind the decision to walk (or not). Barriers to walking related to poor holistic quality of walking environments, including traffic, and infrastructure. The study confirmed the importance of the comparative qualities of transport alternatives in the choice of walking. Finally, disabled users suffer disproportionately from the burden of the transport system and often cannot travel spontaneously. Future research should focus on characterising barriers to walking perceived by users, which would provide useful insights for urban retrofit. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 111-136 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005121 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005121 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:111-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2054852_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Clara Shipman Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Shipman Author-Name: Matti Siemiatycki Author-X-Name-First: Matti Author-X-Name-Last: Siemiatycki Title: Building in common: (re)integrating social services and community space in church redevelopment projects Abstract: As an increasing number of places of worship close due to various pressures, this paper explores the opportunities and barriers to churches being redeveloped as creative mixed-use buildings that include public spaces and social services through an examination of the experience of the United Church of Canada in Toronto. Drawing on a spatial analysis of their real estate activity and key informant interviews, this paper shows how there are key opportunities to leverage church-owned land, to create partnerships with organizations from other sectors, and to foster inclusive redevelopment projects. Barriers to redevelopment include limited development expertise, that each project is unique, and the evolving relationship between church and community. As major landowners in many cities, the article reflects on the possibility of church redevelopments to provide critical spaces for social services in large metropolitan areas that are facing affordability challenges as a result of growth. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 69-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2054852 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2054852 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:69-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005118_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Ilona Morawska Author-X-Name-First: Ilona Author-X-Name-Last: Morawska Author-Name: Karolina Anielska Author-X-Name-First: Karolina Author-X-Name-Last: Anielska Author-Name: Jacek GÄ…decki Author-X-Name-First: Jacek Author-X-Name-Last: GÄ…decki Author-Name: Åukasz Afeltowicz Author-X-Name-First: Åukasz Author-X-Name-Last: Afeltowicz Title: Changes in urban fabric – a cause or a result of an innovation district? Abstract: The goal of our paper is to look at the connection between a city’s morphology and the development of innovation districts. We look at spatial planning as a strategic intervention that can affect urban morphology and help to create a better innovation district. Research in economic geography shows innovative industries (especially high-tech) have a higher tendency for spatial concentration than other types of industries. We are focusing on innovation districts that may emerge naturally within urban fabric. To demonstrate the limits and potential of the Naturally Occurring Innovation Districts (NOIDS), we focus on transformations taking place at ZabÅ‚ocie, Krakow and Jeżyce, Poznan, both in Poland, and both of which can be recognized as typical examples of Polish NOIDs. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 89-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005118 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005118 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:89-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2005117_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Clio Andris Author-X-Name-First: Clio Author-X-Name-Last: Andris Author-Name: Seolha Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seolha Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Romantic relationships and the built environment: a case study of a U.S. college town Abstract: Romantic relationships are a special type of relationship that affect happiness and wellbeing, but little is known about how romantic couples use the built environment to perpetuate their bond. We conducted a survey of 124 geolocated individuals in romantic relationships in State College, Pennsylvania, and used a mixed-method geographic information systems (GIS)/qualitative research framework to show how couples use the built environment. We illustrate their favorite places, the characteristics of these places, and how the town’s amenities and design helps their bond. Our results show that pedestrian and transportation infrastructure and a variety of proximal, affordable activities, (primarily restaurants and nature/outdoor spaces) are important for couples. We also find that on-campus attractions, not just those of the town, play an important role for romantic outings. We use these findings to encourage and recommend infrastructure for supporting romantic relationships in the future. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 47-68 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2005117 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2005117 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:47-68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2013931_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Ali AlQahtany Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: AlQahtany Author-Name: Hatem Touman Abdelhamid Author-X-Name-First: Hatem Touman Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelhamid Author-Name: Abdulmalik Shinawi Author-X-Name-First: Abdulmalik Author-X-Name-Last: Shinawi Author-Name: Abdulrahman AlQahtani Author-X-Name-First: Abdulrahman Author-X-Name-Last: AlQahtani Author-Name: Nawaf Mohamed Alshabibi Author-X-Name-First: Nawaf Mohamed Author-X-Name-Last: Alshabibi Title: Assessing the relationship between sidewalk walkability and pedestrians’ travel behaviors in hot arid regions: Khobar, Saudi Arabia Abstract: Walking is a vital activity. Therefore, governments deploy resources to improve walkability. The relationship between the walkability of sidewalks and walking frequency to a given destination in the context of hot arid regions has been overlooked in the literature. This study examines this relationship in Khobar, Saudi Arabia.The methodology is composed of two parts: the MAPPA (Marchabilité pour les personnes âgées) audit and the users survey. Three districts in Khobar city were selected. On-site assessment was completed. Sidewalks ranking criteria were adopted from the MAPPA, and the analysis was performed using GIS applications.In the studied districts, an average of 81% of respondents indicated that they like walking. An average of 91.6% confirmed that they would walk more if sidewalk walkability was improved.The study concluded that sidewalk walkability could be related to pedestrian behaviors in Khobar. However, other factors affect these behaviors, such as users’ socioeconomic characteristics. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 137-163 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2021.2013931 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2021.2013931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:137-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2354878_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Nicola Davis Bivens Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Davis Bivens Author-Name: DeMond S. Miller Author-X-Name-First: DeMond S. Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Author-Name: John T. Mills Author-X-Name-First: John T. Author-X-Name-Last: Mills Title: Who’s streets, our streets: the evolution of street asphalt art and the transformation of liminal spaces for social change Abstract: The betwixt and in-between spaces in urban environments help define the zeitgeist. In transforming liminal spaces into memorials, public art provides an opportunity to assert the voice of the people and helps to catalyze social change. In recent years, the informal and formal claiming of urban liminal spaces has been central to the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. This article explores the use of informal placemaking and how claiming liminal space can lead to transformative social reactions for sustained social change in subtle and direct ways. By situating asphalt art within the cultural activism literature where “art, activism, performance, and politics meet, mingle and interact†(Verson, 2007, p. 172), one of the roles of asphalt art can be understood. Existing scholarship in this area “has focused on the role of creative practices such as culture jamming, subversion, public art, performance, and rebel clowning†(Buser et al., 2013, p. 606). This article considers the relationship between asphalt art’s creative praxis in the processes of urban placemaking and how meaning is constructed in urban space that presents opportunities for new political, social, and cultural dialogues to resonate the causes some liminal spaces represent that bring activities and existing narratives that develop new civic narratives. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 237-252 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2354878 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2354878 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:237-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2354875_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Gilda Hoxha Author-X-Name-First: Gilda Author-X-Name-Last: Hoxha Title: Place-making and place-taking: memories from Tirana Abstract: Multidisciplinary studies try to explain the complexity and the effects of political processes, such as how decision-making, and socio-political transition are connected with urbanism, and activism. Tirana has faced numerous changes over the years, from urbanism, to political landscapes, to economics, to social aspects, and to public spaces within the city (for example, squares and buildings), all of which are key points towards achieving sustainable transformation. This paper tries to explain and understand the political processes and informal placemaking (public space, buildings, activism) following three main perspectives: a) ontologies on political processes approach, the environment, and urban planning; b) activism and protest events; and c) the legal framework on urban planning and activism. Based on previous studies, experiences from the past and these three perspectives, this paper emphasizes the connection between political processes and informal placemaking by answering the questions: “What is the role of urban transformation in activism in Tirana? What are the implications of political processes on activism and urban transformation? The key studies in this paper focus on public spaces around culture heritage buildings in Tirana, such as the National Theatre building and the “Qemal Stafa†National Stadium. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 274-294 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2354875 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2354875 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:274-294 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2354284_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Ayse Erek Author-X-Name-First: Ayse Author-X-Name-Last: Erek Author-Name: Katalin Krasznahorkai Author-X-Name-First: Katalin Author-X-Name-Last: Krasznahorkai Title: Informal placemaking: social activism and practices of art and culture Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 165-168 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2354284 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2354284 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:165-168 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2327583_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Otávio Raposo Author-X-Name-First: Otávio Author-X-Name-Last: Raposo Author-Name: Jordi Nofre Author-X-Name-First: Jordi Author-X-Name-Last: Nofre Title: Cultural placemaking in the black suburbs of the tourist city Abstract: This article examines how non-institutional(ized) street art tours and DIY parties in two racialized, lower-class neighborhoods in the outskirts of Lisbon generate different results. In the neighborhood of Quinta do Mocho, these street art tours and DIY parties arise as playfulness and multicultural experiences of opening up the communities to local white middle-class visitors and tourists. In the neighborhood of Cova da Moura, these actions culminate in a cultural festival that celebrates African and Afro-diasporic cultures, promoting the visibility of the talented artists of the neighborhood. In both cases, positive representations about these territories are produced, linked to a strengthening of the sense of belonging to Quinta do Mocho’s and Cova de Moura’s communities. The article concludes by suggesting that non-institutional(ized) street art tours and DIY parties arise as pioneering actions toward challenging and decolonizing urban thinking on contemporary Lisbon. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 169-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2327583 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2327583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:169-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2348786_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Patrick Düblin Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: Düblin Title: Direct action placemaking: transgressive interventions on the margins of Rome Abstract: This paper analyzes overlaps and relationships between informality, transgression, and direct action by juxtaposing two recent examples of activist placemaking in Rome: the creation of the Kurdish cultural center Ararat and the construction of Savorengo Ker, a short-lived example of dignified housing for a Roma community. Both case studies are dedicated to a building and its transformative power for the surrounding area as well as for the status of the groups involved in the creative process. Both projects were initiated by the Italian collective Stalker, which has developed a practice on the border between art, architecture, and urban activism since the 1990s. By exploring the unstable circumstances of these initiatives, the research offers insights into the complex implications of making places through informal and transgressive means. Ultimately, the case studies demonstrate the potential of informal tactics to empower underprivileged groups and suggest a new role for planners and designers. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 253-273 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2348786 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2348786 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:253-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2350518_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Carlos Garrido Castellano Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido Castellano Title: Canta la Calle. Sonic affirmation and the politics of the carnivalesque in Cádiz Abstract: This article combines ethnographic research and debates on cultural activism to challenge canonical views on carnival by positioning the festivity’s sonic dimension as an active force of placemaking that extends beyond the official timeframe of carnival. The paper centres on Cádiz, a Spanish city that celebrates one of the oldest and most influential carnivals of Southern Europe. Cádiz’s carnival is famous for the inventiveness of carnival groups made of local citizens who gather every year and dedicate months to prepare an original music repertoire. Seeking to expand our understanding of contemporary carnival, this article looks at how carnival in Cádiz has provided ground for a radical understanding of citizenship and political agency against neoliberal appropriations of the public space, as evident in the increasing weight of surveillance and gentrification. This article argues that carnival music provides a platform for radical ways of mobilising creativity to redefine placemaking. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 295-320 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2350518 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2350518 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:295-320 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2326860_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Alexandra Delgado-Jiménez Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Author-X-Name-Last: Delgado-Jiménez Title: Informal placemaking and energy transition: a review of trends on community-led energy initiatives for social justice Abstract: The energy transition is one of today’s major challenges. A central issue in the energy transition is the use of space (land, buildings, oceans, etc.) for the deployment of renewable energies. However, this issue is often only dealt with on a large scale and quantitatively, and not qualitatively and grounded in the urban and territorial reality. Energy policies do not always take into account places and their creation, where society is at the centre. The informal construction of places, based on bottom-up actions from communities, has a key role to play in order to make this transition in a fair and environmentally responsible way. This research focuses on reviewing trends in informal place-making and energy transition. In particular, it looks at community-based energy generation initiatives that seek social justice. These are the social alternative of energy transition with co-responsibility of the territory where they are inscribed. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 321-336 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2326860 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2326860 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:321-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2327588_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Federico Camerin Author-X-Name-First: Federico Author-X-Name-Last: Camerin Title: Former military barracks as places for informal placemaking in Italy. An inventory for new insights Abstract: This paper seeks to extend research on the role of informal placemaking practices in spatial planning and community development through an examination of their role in accommodating alternative or innovative uses in contrast to profit-driven projects. The research does so through the study of unauthorized interventions in derelict army barracks, which have been the subject of little research to date in Italy. This work addresses this lack of knowledge by providing a taxonomy of barracks that have been subjected to informal placemaking, such as arts and cultural activities. The exploration of each of the categories resulting from the taxonomy can be crucial in triggering new insights into informal practices. Drawing on interviews with key actors, literature review, and fieldwork from the period 2019–2022, the research identifies key dynamics that may transform barracks into spaces for social reproduction, reversing original intentions to create new profit-driven spaces. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 190-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2327588 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2327588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:190-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2327592_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Cristina Palmese Author-X-Name-First: Cristina Author-X-Name-Last: Palmese Author-Name: Jose Luis Carles Author-X-Name-First: Jose Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Carles Title: Madrid Soundscape Map: listening and identity_ MADLIST Abstract: This paper focuses on a research work in progress, Soundscape Map of Madrid: Identity and Listening, an interactive and accessible online map-based system. This research aims to build an informal digital space of situations, actions, experiences, listening, and physical data capable of highlighting the importance of sound in everyday life in the city center of Madrid. This multi-layered map is a place for local people, artists, researchers, urban planners, and municipalities to work together, as well as to provide collective knowledge about sound in the environment we live in and to enhance collaborative design for sustainable and creative environments. The research aims to explore the identity of places based on listening as generous listening: listening to our body, the collective body, and the sound environment in an open process of exploration/experimentation with a hybrid methodology and several tools: informal meeting with citizen, interviews, storytelling, soundwalk, digital map, recording data collections. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 337-355 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2327592 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2327592 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:337-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2327594_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Tanja Schult Author-X-Name-First: Tanja Author-X-Name-Last: Schult Author-Name: Tim Cole Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Cole Title: In your face! Bringing Berlin’s Holocaust Memorial to Thuringia: reaffirming German memory culture through creative place-taking Abstract: This article analyses one act of informal creative place-making/taking. In 2017, the Berlin art collective Centre for Political Beauty installed a partial replica of Peter Eisenman’s 2005 Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in a back garden in the Thuringian village of Bornhagen. The site was chosen because of who lived next door: a leading figure in the right-wing party Alternative für Deutschland (Alternative for Germany), Björn Höcke. This DIY, guerrilla-like intervention by activist artists raises broader questions about both “informality†and “place-making.†As we suggest, the work Deine Stele (2017-ongoing) represents a profound paradox: an otherwise highly critical art collective, not least towards the government, replicates an official state-sanctioned memorial in order to defend and enforce the so painfully won hegemonic memory culture. Both the work and its realisation combine complex elements of formality and informality. Moreover, while located very intentionally in Bornhagen, Deine Stele sits somewhere between, and connects, Berlin, Bornhagen and digital space. Rather than engaging deeply with local stories, it makes a more abstract theme – German commitment to Holocaust memory – concrete. We read this antagonistic intervention as a playfully provocative act of creative place-taking rather than place-making. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 214-224 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2327594 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2327594 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:214-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2260366_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Heike Oevermann Author-X-Name-First: Heike Author-X-Name-Last: Oevermann Title: City, history, and knowledge Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 357-359 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2023.2260366 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2023.2260366 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:357-359 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2260359_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Pekka Tuominen Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Tuominen Title: Designing healthy and liveable cities: creating sustainable urban regeneration Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 356-357 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2023.2260359 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2023.2260359 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:356-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2340563_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Asma Mehan Author-X-Name-First: Asma Author-X-Name-Last: Mehan Title: Informal feminist placemaking: a new perspective on urban activism and gender equality Abstract: This article introduces the concept of Informal Feminist Placemaking, a transformative approach to urban activism that challenges traditional gender norms and fosters gender equality in public spaces. By exploring the dynamics of informal feminist placemaking practices, this article sheds light on how women, particularly in restrictive socio-political environments, creatively navigate and contest gendered urban landscapes. It highlights the significance of recognizing and supporting these grassroots initiatives as integral to inclusive and equitable urban development. Informal Feminist Placemaking not only contributes to the discourse on feminist urbanism but also underscores the potential of informal practices in redefining urban spaces and promoting social change. This perspective underscores the need for recognizing and supporting informal placemaking initiatives as a vital component of inclusive and equitable urban development. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 225-236 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2024.2340563 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2024.2340563 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:225-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2074523_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Iman Banerjee Author-X-Name-First: Iman Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee Title: Railopolis: City within A City Abstract: Railway transit hubs do play a very critical role in the contemporary urban development discourse as the places of social, economic, and environmental interests. They stimulate the construction of community places around their location. Thus, a railway station, in its own right, can generate a city within a city, often recognised as a “Railopolisâ€. This paper aims to attempt a brief discussion on the notion of “Railopolis†in the Indian context. India is a country that poses a substantial size of urban population along with several acute urban issues that are challenging the sustainable urban development goals in the country. Transit-Oriented Development is adopted as one of the most powerful tools to make Indian cities more liveable, sustainable, and inclusive. Thus, the emergence of “Railopolisâ€, as a mini smart city, within an existing city, is expected to comply with the sustainable urban development goals that aim to make Indian cities more competitive in terms of liveability, at the global scale. The study is principally grounded on theoretical reflections and draws inferences on the notion of “Railopolis†by taking evidence from contemporary Indian initiatives. The paper concludes with a synoptic discussion on the potential issues that can confront “Railopolisâ€, during implementation and some crucial research-worthy questions on the subject of the future of TOD in India. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 443-463 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2074523 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2074523 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:443-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2071967_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Patria Román-Velázquez Author-X-Name-First: Patria Author-X-Name-Last: Román-Velázquez Title: Resisting gentrification, reclaiming urban spaces: Latin urbanisms in London Abstract: Developer-led gentrification, assisted by local governments, is the antithesis of spatial justice. This is particularly true in London where land values are at a premium and both programmes and policies aimed at mitigating the negative impact are superficial and non-effective. In this context, I argue that asserting a form of Latin urbanism in struggles over place becomes a strategic tool for reshaping, claiming, and resisting gentrification in inner city neighbourhoods of London. The paper draws on the conceptual underpinnings of Latino urbanism within the global north to argue that building networks of solidarity and collaboration amongst like-minded groups is crucial to resist gentrification and advocate for spatial justice and inclusive urban policies. By focusing on Latin urbanisms, this paper contributes to our understanding of unequal forms of urbanisms in London, particularly as it is framed around race and ethnicity, and thus addresses the ethnic gap in urban planning policy and development in the UK. The paper provides insightful material from long-term ethnographic research in two of London’s largest Latin American business clusters at Elephant and Castle in the borough of Southwark and Seven Sisters in the borough of Haringey. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 361-378 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2071967 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2071967 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:361-378 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2074521_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Ezequiel Collantes Author-X-Name-First: Ezequiel Author-X-Name-Last: Collantes Author-Name: Andrea Diaz Rozas Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz Rozas Title: The urban fabric and fear of crime: the case of the compact city of Bilbao, Spain Abstract: This research examines the influence that a compact city’s urban fabric can have on fear of crime. To this end, the Spanish city of Bilbao, a compact city where the population’s fear of crime is higher than might be expected given low rates of victimization, was taken as a case study. Based on a comparative study of five of the city’s neighborhoods, the research used an inter-scalar analysis. Surveys were used to gather data about individuals’ fear of crime and places they avoided; and an observational and morphological analysis was carried out to analyze the urban characteristics of these places. The study produced two main results: first, Bilbao witnesses little fear of crime during the day and moderate fear at night, usually centered around the same spaces; second, the spaces avoided are usually related to singularities in the urban fabric, which include hermetic buildings, large green areas, urban borders, and interruptions. We concluded that some aspects of fear of crime at an environmental level are related to shortcomings in urban planning at the territorial and district levels. The study contributes to the field by providing a methodological tool addressing a gap in research connecting individual fear of crime and urban planning. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 487-508 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2074521 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2074521 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:487-508 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2071966_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Khalida Lifam Marthya Author-X-Name-First: Khalida Author-X-Name-Last: Lifam Marthya Author-Name: Mark David Major Author-X-Name-First: Mark David Author-X-Name-Last: Major Title: Real estate market trends in the first new urbanist town: seaside, Florida Abstract: The Town of Seaside, Florida, built 40 years ago, is arguably still the highest-profile project of the New Urbanism Movement. Its significance as the original New Urbanist town persists despite the widespread adoption of many of the underlying design principles promoting walkable, ecologically sustainable, and economically diverse neighborhoods worldwide. Four decades provides a significant sample size to investigate sale price trends and fluctuations in single-family residential homes in Seaside. Morphological analysis of the town within the larger Walton County context serves as a background to this investigation. Based on the results, we find that high-price, large residential homes in Seaside were less resilient to sale price fluctuations than nearby smaller, lower-priced homes. We suggest this could offer evidence of the benefit of smaller homes for stabilizing housing markets during periods of economic downturn and distress. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 401-422 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2071966 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2071966 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:401-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2071965_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Guillaume Béliveau Côté Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume Author-X-Name-Last: Béliveau Côté Author-Name: Geneviève Cloutier Author-X-Name-First: Geneviève Author-X-Name-Last: Cloutier Author-Name: Émilie Houde-Tremblay Author-X-Name-First: Émilie Author-X-Name-Last: Houde-Tremblay Author-Name: Chedrak Sylvain De Rocher Chembessi Author-X-Name-First: Chedrak Sylvain Author-X-Name-Last: De Rocher Chembessi Title: Self-organizing or organizing one another? Cycling groups’ participation to planning Abstract: Studies on planning have traditionally exposed how institutional participation opposes informal modes of participation. But do activists have to choose between the two? Suggesting that there is a grey-zone, recent work has focused on the distinct paths that individuals take to engage in civic life. We argue that strategies that involves both civil society-led and traditional approaches may help defend planning options, especially for those not considered in formal decision-making in local planning. In what ways can the interrelation of traditional and non-traditional modes of participation help bring forth new ideas? Building on a case study of urban activists tackling issues regarding cycling in Québec City (Québec, Canada), we observed how they connect planning with different modes of participation. Activists take part in the debate on urban planning through institutional platforms, demonstrating their desire to be recognized. Also, they take actions to increase the legitimacy of alternative modes of mobility. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 464-486 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2071965 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2071965 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:464-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2050279_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Anjali Mistry Author-X-Name-First: Anjali Author-X-Name-Last: Mistry Author-Name: Manfred Spocter Author-X-Name-First: Manfred Author-X-Name-Last: Spocter Title: Exploring the “eco-ness†of South Africa’s eco-estates Abstract: Residential developments can potentially play a part in urban sustainability through the greening of new homes or the retrofitting of existing homes. Eco-estates, a subtype of gated communities, are marketed as green developments in South Africa with a view to contributing to green residential living through a number of eco-practices. This paper investigates the eco-ness of eco-estates: the degree to which eco-living is implemented in these lifestyle estates. The study, scaffolded by the notion of eco-urbanism, draws on information acquired in questionnaire surveys conducted with estate managers and eco-estate developers. The survey findings are compared with the literature on green practices in order to ascertain eco-ness. It was found that while land and land-use practices are beneficial to environmental sustainability in the eco-estates, it is questionable whether any contributions are made to social sustainability. Eco-practices related to energy, water and solid waste management are commendable, but are practiced in varying degrees. Eco-practices are not mandatory for estate residents, nor are they rigidly enforced. It is recommended that because eco-estates are touted as green developments, national rules be drafted to govern eco-practices in the estates to fulfil their marketing mandates of residential living in harmony with nature. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 423-442 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2050279 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2050279 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:423-442 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2041465_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Tumbenthung Y Humtsoe Author-X-Name-First: Tumbenthung Y Author-X-Name-Last: Humtsoe Title: Travel mode choice in the North-eastern Indian City of Kohima: lessons from empirical study Abstract: One factor that is keeping the urban agglomeration of Kohima at halt is its almost immobile mobility. The same is accentuating air pollution in the city. For effective congestion mitigation, feasible inputs from the respondents should be incorporated in Supply Side Management as well as Demand Side Management to bring about consumer-relevant and effective improvements in urban mobility. This study is therefore envisaged to provide preliminary and original evidence towards addressing that gap. A Logit Travel Mode Choice Model is developed based on Urban Transport Sample Survey. The result suggests that “cost and time†considerations are important for the city commuters; thus, congestion-easing alternative mode that is cheaper and takes lesser time should be provided, and then followed by pricing policy. Regarding trip-related locational factors, it is negative suggesting that the probability of taking buses increases with an increase in the availability of bus stops within reach. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 509-523 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2041465 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2041465 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:509-523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2074522_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240625T135222 git hash: cf9af5b024 Author-Name: Francesca Piazzoni Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Piazzoni Author-Name: Jocelyn Poe Author-X-Name-First: Jocelyn Author-X-Name-Last: Poe Author-Name: Ettore Santi Author-X-Name-First: Ettore Author-X-Name-Last: Santi Title: What design for Urban Design Justice? Abstract: Emerging theories of Design Justice ask architects and planners to center the voices of long-oppressed groups. But which kinds of spatial transformations can concretely inform a just praxis of urban design? To answer this question, we compare-in-difference how disadvantaged people counter exclusion by designing spaces in Baitu (China), Los Angeles (USA), and Rome (Italy). We find that diverse groups activate similar spatial logics in order to resist erasure and displacement: they carve out possibilities, take ownership of space, and break dominant aesthetics. These logics help us identify three design pathways that can detach technical knowledge from the interests of oppressive forces. Supporting ground-up claims, but at the same time using their trained skills to facilitate decisive, long-term transformations of space, we propose that professional designers Situate Possibilities, Exclude-to-Include, and Reject Aesthetic Canons. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 379-400 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2074522 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2074522 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:379-400 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2071970_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: Kelly Gregg Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Gregg Author-Name: Paul Hess Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hess Author-Name: Jason Brody Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Brody Author-Name: Anne James Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: James Title: North American street design for the coronavirus pandemic: a typology of emerging interventions Abstract: This paper examines street design as an emergency response for physical distancing in public space during the coronavirus pandemic. We assess how design ideas for streets were discussed and promoted through news media from February through October of 2020. This marks a temporary, though potentially paradigmatic, shift in how streets function. To what extent the pandemic will enable longer-term street interventions is unknown. However, the initial impacts of the pandemic on streets are noteworthy. From our nine-month 2020 media analysis, we highlight a typology of emerging coronavirus-driven street interventions and assess how urban design ideas were discussed as a pandemic response. This is a clear break in the conventional management of urban streets, and the long-term impacts will continue to unfold in the years ahead. This paper focuses on reviewing the emerging street interventions from 2020. This is a significant moment for urban design in conceptualizing streets as public space. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 644-662 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2071970 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2071970 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:644-662 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2093945_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: Maryam Roosta Author-X-Name-First: Maryam Author-X-Name-Last: Roosta Author-Name: Mahsa Chizfahm Daneshmandian Author-X-Name-First: Mahsa Author-X-Name-Last: Chizfahm Daneshmandian Author-Name: Ali Reza Sadeghi Author-X-Name-First: Ali Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Sadeghi Title: Spatial configuration and social sustainability in urban neighborhoods Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of urban neighborhood spatial layout on social sustainability, which has received little attention in prior studies. Hence, three neighborhoods with diverse spatial configurations were chosen and evaluated. The primary methodology of this study is quantitative spatial configuration analysis. To analyze the spatial pattern, “Normalized Angular Integration (NAIN),†“Axial connection,†and “Intelligibility†were utilized. Questionnaires, on the other hand, examined social sustainability using three criteria and nine indicators. Finally, the relationship between these two concepts was investigated. The results showed how different urban layouts might affect social sustainability. “NAIN†and “Intelligibility†are significantly connected to metrics of social sustainability. Furthermore, we discovered that spatial configuration had the greatest effect on the two indicators of security and social justice. These findings can help city officials and planners enhance the social sustainability of areas through rehabilitation programs and new urban development plans. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 596-614 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2093945 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2093945 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:596-614 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2093944_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: Gregory Marinic Author-X-Name-First: Gregory Author-X-Name-Last: Marinic Title: Domestic deities: Indo-Caribbean spatial territorialization and sacred space in South Richmond Hill, Queens Abstract: Shaped by immigrants, the occupancy patterns and visual cultures of American urban neighborhoods have continually shifted over time. The South Richmond Hill section of Queens, New York demonstrates the socio-spatial theories of ethnic succession, collective memory, and heterotopia in relation to participatory place-making. Once home to German, Irish, Italian, and Eastern European immigrants and their multigenerational descendants from the early 1900s through the 1970s, the spiritual landscape of the neighborhood – today known as Little Guyana-Trinidad and Tobago – has largely shifted away from its European immigrant origins toward Hindu, Sikh, Muslim, Buddhist, and Jain faith traditions. Here, uniquely Hindu spiritual markings reveal a globalized and religiously diverse neighborhood, as well as an increasingly multicultural American society writ large. This research identifies seven primary elements – jhandi prayer flags, ceremonial gates, garden shrines, living room window deities, adapted house temples, storefront temples, and pooja shops – that define the parameters of Indo-Caribbean socio-spatial territorialization in South Richmond Hill. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 615-643 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2093944 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2093944 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:615-643 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2071968_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: J. C. Carvajal Bermúdez Author-X-Name-First: J. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Carvajal Bermúdez Author-Name: R. König Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: König Title: Can digital technologies for city-making engage its users to build parklets in Vienna? - Citizen participation in the context of the platform city Abstract: This article presents the results of research conducted to observe the impact of digital tools on citizen engagement. Parklets (temporary constructions in public space) in Vienna were selected for the research as a case study. The following digital tools for city-making were developed to carry out the experiment: basic information, a parklet potential map, a design tool, and a form to request the necessary permits. The tools were advertised among citizens’ organizations and through social media channels. Three methods were used to collect data: automated data collection, a survey, and expert interviews. The results show that technology has limitations in motivating citizens to build parklets. While the tools could inform people about the possibilities in the city, other aspects, such as previous engagement, play an essential role in the perception of new tools and their potential adoption. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 663-689 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2071968 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2071968 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:663-689 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2093258_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: Fransje Hooimeijer Author-X-Name-First: Fransje Author-X-Name-Last: Hooimeijer Author-Name: Andres Diaz Author-X-Name-First: Andres Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz Author-Name: Andrea Bortolotti Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Bortolotti Author-Name: Qian Ke Author-X-Name-First: Qian Author-X-Name-Last: Ke Author-Name: Jasper van der Heuvel Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: van der Heuvel Author-Name: Jeremy Bricker Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy Author-X-Name-Last: Bricker Title: Design & assessing the flood risk management paradigm shift: an interdisciplinary study of Vlissingen, the Netherlands Abstract: Mean sea level rise (SLR) could increase up to 2m by 2100, which would see damage caused by coastal flooding in Europe increase from €1.25bn per annum currently to €961bn in just over 80 years. Urban areas situated along the North Sea coastline are particularly vulnerable to extreme sea level rise (a combination of SLR, tide, and storm surges). The main goal of this study is to assess the paradigm shift in flood risk management from reducing probability of the flood event to reducing its consequences in the city of Vlissingen, in the Netherlands. Two spatial adaptation strategies are modeled and compared by using spatial, climatic, and socioeconomic projections for the year 2100: the “Vlissings Model†and the “Spuikom Model.†The Vlissings Model is about increased coastal protection through the heightening of existing grey infrastructure by 3 m, which includes the dike and buildings constructed on top of it. The Spuikom Model is accepting and rerouting overtopping water towards an existing former backshore water basin. The study brings forth an interdisciplinary “Design & Assess†framework that brings together design strategies with flood damage models and cost/benefit analyses to compare the effectiveness of two paradigms in dealing with extreme SLR. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 555-576 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2093258 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2093258 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:555-576 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2071971_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: Sara Alidoust Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Alidoust Author-Name: Nikita Gleeson Author-X-Name-First: Nikita Author-X-Name-Last: Gleeson Author-Name: Fahimeh Khalaj Author-X-Name-First: Fahimeh Author-X-Name-Last: Khalaj Title: A systematic review of planning policies for community wellbeing Abstract: With more than half of the world’s population living in cities, a growing body of research is showing the role of urban environments in promoting the wellbeing of communities. This paper conducted a systematic review of 28 planning policy documents from 6 different countries. It explored how ‘community wellbeing’ is defined by local governments across the world and identified thirteen domains. Findings indicated that the scope of understanding of community wellbeing varies across different local governments, particularly in relation to the type of council (metropolitan and non-metropolitan). The position of policy within the broader local government strategic direction and the context-specific opportunities and challenges of local communities were also important to the definition of community wellbeing. Only about half of the policies we reviewed employed community wellbeing indicators, which play an important role in the research-practice transition and developing evidence-informed policies. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 577-595 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2071971 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2071971 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:577-595 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2076721_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241014T214545 git hash: 1c0ca8d1ee Author-Name: Peyman Najafi Author-X-Name-First: Peyman Author-X-Name-Last: Najafi Author-Name: Masi Mohammadi Author-X-Name-First: Masi Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadi Author-Name: Pascale M. Le Blanc Author-X-Name-First: Pascale M. Author-X-Name-Last: Le Blanc Author-Name: Pieter van Wesemael Author-X-Name-First: Pieter Author-X-Name-Last: van Wesemael Title: Insights into placemaking, senior people, and digital technology: a systematic quantitative review Abstract: How placemaking involves senior people and implements cutting-edge technology is a question that this review aims to shed light on. This paper provides a systematic quantitative review of 26 original, peer-reviewed research articles on placemaking, digital technology, and senior people. It discusses the scope of the research, the critical concepts cited, the senior involvement type (inclusive/exclusive), and the digital instrument implementation type (advanced/simple). In addition, it includes a scatter analysis between (advanced/simple) digital instrument implementation and (inclusive/exclusive) senior people involvement in placemaking initiatives. This review indicates that although interest in digital placemaking has increased in the last decade, senior people are underrepresented. This review can open windows for developing a more coordinated research agenda that considers seniors as active players of (advanced) digital placemaking. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 525-554 Issue: 4 Volume: 17 Year: 2024 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2076721 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2076721 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:17:y:2024:i:4:p:525-554 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2111589_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Nelya Rakhimova Author-X-Name-First: Nelya Author-X-Name-Last: Rakhimova Author-Name: Devon McAslan Author-X-Name-First: Devon Author-X-Name-Last: McAslan Author-Name: David Pijawka Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Pijawka Title: Measuring child-friendly cities: developing and piloting an indicator assessment tool for sustainable neighborhood planning Abstract: The need to develop cities that meet the needs of children is vital. As neighborhoods become more important to the goal of urban sustainability, they must consider the developmental needs of children by allowing them to independently access places, to socialize, and learn from the built environment. Existing assessment tools are less relevant to sprawling cities typical in the U.S. are overly complex, and lack a neighborhood focus. In this paper, we develop a child friendly neighborhood assessment tool for use by urban planners and policymakers. We conduct a small-scale pilot in four neighborhoods in Glendale, Arizona and find that each neighborhood is deficient in multiple dimensions. We then assess the performance and limitations of the assessment tool and suggest ways to improve it in future iterations. Lastly, we discuss how urban planners can utilize the tool and how it connects to policies for creating more child-friendly and sustainable neighborhoods. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 1-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2111589 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2111589 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:1-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2111590_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Aseem Inam Author-X-Name-First: Aseem Author-X-Name-Last: Inam Title: Designing an equitable city: confronting gentrification in studio pedagogy Abstract: The article offers a methodological contribution to the pedagogies of urbanism by examining how design can address the urgent issue of urban inequality from an in-depth, long-term, and ultimately, transformational, perspective. We conducted a 3-year experiment in studio pedagogy at Cardiff University to address this question by confronting one of the most prominent spatial expressions of urban inequality, i.e. gentrification. The site of the studio was the Grangetown area in the city of Cardiff, which is the capital of Wales in the United Kingdom. Grangetown contains concentrations of low- to moderate-income groups that are threatened with large-scale involuntary displacement due to incipient gentrification. The goal of this experiment in design pedagogy was to gain an in-depth understanding of processes of gentrification while simultaneously developing design strategies that not only address gentrification’s root causes but also propose equitable alternatives to the future of the city. The studio was guided by an overall framework–based on extensive research on gentrification–consisted of its most critical aspects (e.g. patterns of land ownership and uses, housing finance and commodification, public policies and regulations). The article describes this design studio process, its multiple innovations and different outcomes, and then critically reflects on its implications for studio pedagogy as well as for design practice. The goal of confronting gentrification in this experiment was to help graduate students--and future practitioners--design a far more equitable city by combining theoretical knowledge and scholarly research with critical thinking and design skills, and by engaging with values that are closer to social justice than what market-oriented thinking and mainstream practices currently allow. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 28-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2111590 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2111590 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:28-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2108113_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Marika Fior Author-X-Name-First: Marika Author-X-Name-Last: Fior Title: Adaptive urban design to cope with heavy rainfall in the Historic Centre: a masterplan for Ferrara (Italy) Abstract: The paper addresses historic centre protection from climate change, presenting urban design guidelines for the adaptation of Ferrara. Ferrara is a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1995 as a Renaissance city with great historical, architectural, and cultural values. In recent years, the city has suffered from heatwaves and heavy rainfall. In particular, heavy rains flood the historical public spaces of the centre, putting inhabitants, shopkeepers, students and tourists at risk. The summer heat and flooding compromise the maintenance of the ancient fabrics, the historical gardens, and the liveability of the public space. These are crucial elements of Ferrara’s cultural heritage to which the guidelines for climate-proof planning have been addressed. The paper presents a synthesis of the literature review and best practices on climate change adaptation, and cultural heritage concept evolution. Secondly, it presents the analytical methodology used and the design solutions adopted to protect the public space of the historic centre. The research results are a site-specific urban-architectural actions oriented to adaptive urban design for the historic centre with three levels of intensity concerning the time needed to intervene on such a large area (about 400 hectares) and characterized by fragile structural, architectural, ecological and material qualities. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 132-152 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2108113 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2108113 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:132-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2146156_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Vikas Mehta Author-X-Name-First: Vikas Author-X-Name-Last: Mehta Title: Unparalleled prospect: COVID-19 and the expansion of public space Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 153-156 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2146156 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2146156 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:153-156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2146155_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Joongsub Kim Author-X-Name-First: Joongsub Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: COVID-19’s impact on local planning and urban design practice: focusing on tactical urbanism and the public realm with respect to low income communities Abstract: In the face of lockdowns promulgated in response to COVID-19, the effects on local planning are diverse. One of the effects is planners’ use of tactical urbanism in their efforts to improve public health. Tactical urbanism is characterized as temporary, and it is appropriate to ask whether tactical strategies help keep communities healthy in times of pandemic. We address that question by examining several examples of a tactical program called Slow Streets. This program provides temporary public spaces in the streets for exercise and interaction. We review literature to understand the relevance of the program to tactical urbanism, and we investigate how successful it has been. Survey questionnaires complement the research. The study outcomes suggest that the pandemic forced planners to act swiftly, but the Slow Streets program was limited in improving the health of the underserved population because it lacks comprehensive community engagement and alignment with longer term plans. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 157-163 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2146155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2146155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:157-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2108114_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Chiara Barattucci Author-X-Name-First: Chiara Author-X-Name-Last: Barattucci Title: Italian neologisms to name diffuse urbanization. Relationships between specialised language and urbanism actions Abstract: During the last decades of the twentieth century, in several Western European countries, the increase of diffuse and dispersed urbanization on large territories outside the compact cities, was considered by several urbanism actors (architects, urbanists, geographers, economists, sociologists) as very difficult to name using the stabilized urban vocabulary. According to these specialists, faced with these urban/rural deep transformations, some signifiers (countryside, periphery, city, etc.) appeared as dated and inadequate: new definitions have therefore been proposed. In this European framework of terminological inventions, we have focused our attention on the production of neologisms by Italian urbanists. We study the relationship between the evolution of the urban phenomenon and the production of neologisms, to understand their use and their stabilization in the specialized language. Especially, we study the meaning and the use of three new lexical interpretative images in different texts (campagna urbanizzata, urbanizzazione diffusa and città diffusa). Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 98-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2108114 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2108114 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:98-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2108115_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Robert Freestone Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Freestone Author-Name: Sarah Baker Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Title: Urban policy transfer and paradigm shift: the City of Sydney Strategic Plan 1971 Abstract: Into the 1960s central area planning in Australian cities was a rudimentary exercise driven by two-dimensional zoning. Progressive planners lamented the lack of holistic, long-term, flexible thinking and inattention to place-making. American cities inserting more design sensibility into urban policy-making became touchstones for reform. This paper reveals the influence which US theory and practice had on the origins, ambitions, and even format of a landmark Australian city plan of the late twentieth century: the City of Sydney Strategic Plan 1971. The influence is framed through the lens of urban policy transfer. The American influence on chief consultant George Clarke and his team was notable as they reinvented the town planning paradigm based on legalistic controls into a more objectives-based, design-led, people-centered consultative approach. The plan was generally welcomed, albeit circumspectly by developers. Direct implementation was hampered by outdated statutory planning procedures but a benchmark for strategic urban planning was achieved. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 112-131 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2108115 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2108115 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:112-131 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2108112_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Lisandra Franco de Mendonça Author-X-Name-First: Lisandra Author-X-Name-Last: Franco de Mendonça Title: Lost in translation: colonial heritage and Amnesia in an African city: Maputo’s City of Cement Abstract: This paper addresses the urbanization, urbanism and urbanity in contemporary Maputo, with an emphasis on built heritage issues. The research aimed to provide background for understanding the socio-urban development of the so-called cidade de cimento (produced for the settler population during the colonial period according to European standards), in order to reflect on its changing topographies, as well on the loss of heritage produced by Portuguese colonialism. The article draws on fieldwork and archival research conducted in recent years, arguing that Maputo’s locally dubbed cidade de cimento presents neglected potential for negotiating and building (trans)national identity and memory, as well as sustainable economic alternatives (in areas like tourism and heritage conservation). Therefore, the text contributes to a realization of the fragile condition of modern heritage inherited by post-colonial societies, specially in cities where strong real estate speculation, limited state capacity and fast urbanization are dominant aspects of the urban condition. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 75-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2108112 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2108112 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:75-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2111591_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20241127T073524 git hash: 0fa6686462 Author-Name: Sharon Yavo-Ayalon Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Yavo-Ayalon Author-Name: Cheng Gong Author-X-Name-First: Cheng Author-X-Name-Last: Gong Author-Name: Harrison Yu Author-X-Name-First: Harrison Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Ilan Mandel Author-X-Name-First: Ilan Author-X-Name-Last: Mandel Author-Name: Wendy Ju Author-X-Name-First: Wendy Author-X-Name-Last: Ju Title: The sidewalk ballet in the age of social distancing: interactive geospatial mapping to study NYC’s pandemic urbanism Abstract: This article explores and characterizes the pandemic urbanism of NYC during the first year of COVID-19. It analyzes changes to the sidewalk and the urban lifestyle using a novel method of remote ethnography: the integrated use of Zoom video conferencing and GPS smartphone tracking to interview participants as they walked and filmed the city. The dataset, composed of transcripts, videos, and routes, was analyzed to reveal recurring themes and visualized through individual Scrollytelling maps combined into one Supermap. The findings are broken down into: 1) changes to the sidewalk, including fewer people, more outdoor sports activity, signs of social distancing, signs of closure, more bikes, and construction; and 2) lifestyle changes, including longings for the urban lifestyle, new-formed solidarity, a renewed appreciation for the local neighborhood, an undercurrent of “moving out†of the city or “moving up†to a better neighborhood, and a difference between Manhattan and the boroughs. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 52-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2111591 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2111591 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:52-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2123379_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: C. Erik Vergel-Tovar Author-X-Name-First: C. Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Vergel-Tovar Title: The environment around bus rapid transit stops in Indore and Ahmedabad, India Abstract: An understanding of the environment around transit stops provides useful information concerning key urban design features that can promote sustainable urban development and mass transit systems. Although several researchers have analysed the associations between the built environment and transit ridership for rail-based systems, few have examined this relationship for Bus Rapid Transit systems. This research expands in India the data collection and the analysis of direct demand models I previously tested in Latin America by examining associations between built environment attributes and BRT ridership in Indore and Ahmedabad. I found positive associations for high-quality pedestrian environments, the level of non-motorized transport friendliness and the presence of affordable housing. However, I found negative associations for vacant land, low urban density, and large blocks. My findings suggest the importance of a high-quality pedestrian infrastructure and the necessity of the presence of affordable housing to make BRT systems more sustainable. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 216-239 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2123379 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2123379 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:216-239 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2116471_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: John Mooyman Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Mooyman Author-Name: Stephen M Wheeler Author-X-Name-First: Stephen M Author-X-Name-Last: Wheeler Title: The feasibility of residential microgrids: a hypothetical neighborhood in Davis, California Abstract: Microgrids create a local electric system partly or completely detached from the grid. Microgrid neighborhoods potentially offer more reliable power, lower costs, zero greenhouse gas emissions, improved air quality, ability to level power demands on the grid, and positive net electricity production. However, until now microgrids have primarily been used for military and institutional projects. To improve understanding of residential microgrid design and performance, we analyze current literature, discuss existing examples, and calculate energy use and cost for a hypothetical microgrid neighborhood in Davis, California. We find that such a neighborhood could easily achieve zero net operating energy status annually for both homes and cars, with a 16-year payback period or 7 years if owners also adopt electric vehicles. Similar results are likely in warm climates globally. If built at scale, microgrid neighborhoods could thus be a main tool to reduce residential GHG emissions and improve energy service resiliency. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 303-322 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2116471 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2116471 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:303-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2180077_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Mohammad Reza Khalilnezhad Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Khalilnezhad Author-Name: Majid Amani-Beni Author-X-Name-First: Majid Author-X-Name-Last: Amani-Beni Title: Food Urbanism; Typologies, Strategies, Case Studies Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 326-328 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2023.2180077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2023.2180077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:326-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2137687_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Sungduck Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sungduck Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Jong Bum Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jong Bum Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Mixed-use contextualized: understanding the spatial characteristics of mixed-use in Kansas City, MO Abstract: The mixed-use concept in urban design and planning has become one of the most prevalent principles in the field. Mixed-use is considered “an unquestionable spatial virtue†that provides benefits such as social diversity, safety, public health, and environmental and economic sustainability. However, empirical findings that fully describe the mixed-use concept in relation to its morphological implementation in planning practices are lacking. The present research acknowledges the importance of understanding the morphological context in mixed-use development, and it provides a methodology for assessing various patterns of mixed-use in relation to the urban form characteristics. This research employed factor and cluster analysis to understand mixed land use spatial patterns, as well as developed a typology of mixed-use spatial patterns for 105 block groups in Kansas City, Missouri. Based on the results, this study reviews urban design and planning strategies that can help contextualize the mixed-use spatial patterns for sustainable and localized mixed-use development. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 240-259 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2137687 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2137687 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:240-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2137686_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Momen El-Husseiny Author-X-Name-First: Momen Author-X-Name-Last: El-Husseiny Title: Spaces of the maybe: fragments as new urban possibilities in Cairo’s extended urbanisation Abstract: Urban “fragments†play a key role in healing megacities and carving new relationships of civic connectivity. At the edge of a gated community in Cairo, AlRehab, the open market or souq serves as an urban fragment, creating different experiences that unsettle the normative assumptions of the separation between the private and public spheres. Using a Lefebvrian analysis to examine the souq of AlRehab, a two-phase longitudinal study was conducted between 2008–2012 and 2018–2022. Within the geopolitical context of the Arab Spring and the New Administrative Capital, the narratives of the souq’s developer, urban planner, residents, activists and shop workers reveal the power of agency and activism in the provision of “multiple publics†as a civic-common space. This allows the creation of transient connections, sites for political expression, as well as a base of operations for expanding job opportunities and social networks. Based on urban design theories and literature on Global South urbanism, this article poses the nuanced possibilities of re-imagining the edge as a “space of the maybe,†given its capacity to create new public spheres and a new urban grammar of entangled livelihoods, able to adapt to an urbanity of movement and growth. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 195-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2137686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2137686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:195-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2120527_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Wing Fai Chan Author-X-Name-First: Wing Fai Author-X-Name-Last: Chan Author-Name: Jessica A. Diehl Author-X-Name-First: Jessica A. Author-X-Name-Last: Diehl Title: Investigating participatory design and community attachment: a case study of Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Abstract: Scholars claim that bottom-up participatory design is important for developing a healthier society; however, many factors affect the relationship between participatory design and community attachment, and may not be the same in different countries. In Hong Kong, top-down approaches are contrasted by the emergence of bottom-up participatory design projects across communities. This paper describes a framework that emphasises participatory design as a facilitator of community attachment, and the framework is tested using a case study of Magic Lanes to understand the impact of participatory design on community attachment. Changes in community attachment for participating and non-participating residents were analysed. Findings suggest an increase of community attachment after participation in the project, with more frequent and higher levels of participation associated with higher levels of community attachment. With recent and ongoing changes in the governance of Hong Kong, small scale participatory design projects have the potential to foster community bonds. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 260-279 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2120527 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2120527 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:260-279 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2180080_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Sankar Varma Author-X-Name-First: Sankar Author-X-Name-Last: Varma Title: Mike Davis – the Storyteller (1946-2022) Abstract: This short note is a recapturing of what Mike Davis stood for and how we all can pay homage to such a great figure who cannot be merely disciplined into any academic specializations. His wonderful marriage of theory and practice is a case in point emphasized throughout this note. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 323-325 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2023.2180080 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2023.2180080 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:323-325 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2123381_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Olgu Çalışkan Author-X-Name-First: Olgu Author-X-Name-Last: Çalışkan Author-Name: Bardia Mashhoodi Author-X-Name-First: Bardia Author-X-Name-Last: Mashhoodi Author-Name: Mert Akay Author-X-Name-First: Mert Author-X-Name-Last: Akay Title: Morphological indicators of the building fabric: Towards a Metric Typomorphology Abstract: Urban morphology has made remarkable progress within its quantitative track. This advancement signifies the potential contribution of the school of typomorphology to the growing literature on urban sustainability that tends to measure the relative performance of urban fabrics with metric variables. To that end, a joint framework combining the different metric definitions of the urban form provided by individual studies would ensure a terminological consensus, which is somewhat lacking in the current literature. Reviewing the indicators of the building fabric and the original definitions suggested in prominent studies in urban morphology, this paper proposed an expanded index for the so-called metric typomorphology. In this framework, following the conceptual and metric formulations of the form indicators, the building fabrics of the three neighbourhoods in Rotterdam in the Netherlands are mapped by typo-morphological analyses. This paper suggests an eventual computational basis for the typological characterization of tissues with a particular reference to the building fabric. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 165-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2123381 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2123381 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:165-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RJOU_A_2123380_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20250326T224308 git hash: 0183536115 Author-Name: Francesco Rossini Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Rossini Title: Public open space in high density cities: the case of Hong Kong Abstract: Using a combination of empirical research methods such as spatial analysis and on-site observation, this article aims to shed light on the physical and social characteristics of 27 Public Open Spaces (POSs) in Central and Western Districts in Hong Kong. This study will contribute to a better understanding of their role, function and usage, so as to help establish a broader strategy for the revitalisation and upgrading of these important public resources. The results of the analysis indicate that a large percentage of the POSs examined have several shortcomings that may contribute to their low usage, and which render them unattractive. Poor accessibility, outdated design principles, the absence of active frontages and a lack of flexibility in the use of the space are some of the factors that the rigid application of planning policies have produced over the years. As such, this study suggests that a revision of current urban design guidelines, in light of the shortcomings that they have inadvertently generated, could establish a new direction in the provision and management of POSs in Hong Kong, providing new opportunities to create a more sustainable and people-friendly urban environment. Journal: Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability Pages: 280-302 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2022.2123380 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17549175.2022.2123380 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rjouxx:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:280-302