Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vicky McKechnie Author-X-Name-First: Vicky Author-X-Name-Last: McKechnie Author-Name: David Harper Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Harper Title: Belief in a just world and attitudes towards mental illness Abstract: This study investigated whether a person’s belief in a just world (BJW), or knowing someone treated for a mental health problem, was related to their attitudes towards those with a diagnosis of mental illness or to their beliefs about the causes of mental health problems. One hundred and seventy‐three participants completed a questionnaire measuring BJW, attitudes towards, and causal beliefs about, mental health problems. No relationship was found between BJW and attitudes, nor between psychosocial causal beliefs and attitudes. However, biogenetic causal beliefs were associated with attitudes. Those who knew someone who had received treatment for a mental health problem had lower biogenetic belief scores than those who did not. However, there were no differences between the two groups in BJW, attitudes or psychosocial beliefs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 145-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.484504 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.484504 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:145-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helena Fatouros Bergman Author-X-Name-First: Helena Author-X-Name-Last: Fatouros Bergman Author-Name: Jochen Spang Author-X-Name-First: Jochen Author-X-Name-Last: Spang Author-Name: Andrzej Werbart Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej Author-X-Name-Last: Werbart Author-Name: Gunilla Preisler Author-X-Name-First: Gunilla Author-X-Name-Last: Preisler Author-Name: Jörg Merten Author-X-Name-First: Jörg Author-X-Name-Last: Merten Title: Interplay of gaze behaviour and facial affectivity in schizophrenia Abstract: Background: Some patients diagnosed with schizophrenia display reduced amounts of negative facial affectivity during mutual gaze in everyday conversations with non‐professionals. Aims: The aim was to confirm this finding in clinical interviews. Method: Thirty‐two video‐recorded clinical interviews were conducted with eight patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Selected sequences were coded for gaze behaviour and facial affective behaviour. Results: During mutual gaze, the patients showed as much negative facial affectivity as expected by chance. Previous findings were not confirmed. Conclusions: Findings suggests that the type of interview has importance for the facial affectivity in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia during mutual gaze. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 148-150 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.488297 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.488297 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:148-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Author-Name: Alanna Gallagher Author-X-Name-First: Alanna Author-X-Name-Last: Gallagher Author-Name: Hugh Garavan Author-X-Name-First: Hugh Author-X-Name-Last: Garavan Title: Cannabis use and psychotic experiences in an international sample of undergraduate students Abstract: Cannabis use may be related to psychotic experiences in the general population. However, few studies have examined this relationship in undergraduate students despite high levels of cannabis use in this population. A sample of 334 undergraduate students (mean age = 22.2 years; 85.2% female, 14.8% male) from Britain, Ireland, Canada, USA, Australia and New Zealand took part in the study. Participants completed an author‐constructed questionnaire measuring cannabis use, and questions on psychosis from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS‐P) as adapted for self‐report format. No significant difference was found between those who had used cannabis at some point in their lives and those who had not. However, current cannabis use and frequency of use were associated with elevated levels of psychotic experiences. Level of consumption was also related to such experiences, but there was no effect of age of first use. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 141-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.495413 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.495413 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:141-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Gibson Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson Author-Name: Kraig Radlein Author-X-Name-First: Kraig Author-X-Name-Last: Radlein Author-Name: Loraine Barnaby Author-X-Name-First: Loraine Author-X-Name-Last: Barnaby Author-Name: Gillian Lowe Author-X-Name-First: Gillian Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe Author-Name: Peta‐Gaye Reynolds Author-X-Name-First: Peta‐Gaye Author-X-Name-Last: Reynolds Author-Name: Noel McLennon Author-X-Name-First: Noel Author-X-Name-Last: McLennon Title: The case of the missing key: Cultural underpinnings of the ingestion of a foreign body in a psychotic patient Abstract: We present the case of a 21-year old woman who developed a delusional system of beliefs within the context of her religious and cultural experiences as well as substance use. This ultimately led her to carry out bizarre behaviors which culminated in her decision to swallow the key to a door while undergoing clinical investigations in hospital. The act of, and motivation for, swallowing the key as well as the patient’s other unusual behaviors and beliefs are explored. We demonstrate how seemingly inexplicable psychotic behaviors can be better understood through a consideration of pertinent sociocultural issues. Clinical interventions and the patient’s response to treatment are also described. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 151-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.509513 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.509513 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:151-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.L. Tizón Author-X-Name-First: J.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Tizón Author-Name: J. Artigue Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Artigue Author-Name: Y. Quijada Author-X-Name-First: Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Quijada Author-Name: A. Oriol Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Oriol Author-Name: B. Parra Author-X-Name-First: B. Author-X-Name-Last: Parra Title: A psychological and communitarian approach to treating early psychoses: A service description with some initial findings Abstract: The authors describe the characteristics and the preliminary findings of the Early Care Team for At‐Risk of Psychosis Patients (EAPPP), within the public Primary Health Care System of Barcelona, Spain. The community-focused work and the psychological and inter-paradigmatic framework are highlighted as core components of the EAPPP unit in the field of Early Care of Psychosis. Some initial findings in relation to three groups of patients are presented. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 126-132 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.516839 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.516839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:126-132 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Heriot‐Maitland Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Heriot‐Maitland Title: Exploring the compatibility of biomedical and psychological approaches to treating psychosis Abstract: The recent UK clinical guidelines for psychosis require an integration of biomedical and psychological treatment approaches that may present challenges to the structure and delivery of services. This review briefly outlines these two approaches before presenting arguments both for and against their compatibility. Although this discussion recognises attempts at integrating the approaches in modern mainstream services, it argues that their fundamental theoretical differences entail very different treatment methods, and often require conflicting demands of clients. Not only is this potentially confusing and unhelpful to the clients, but it also interferes with the goals and processes of each approach. Some of the main challenges to integration are discussed, and suggestions are made regarding the future direction of multidisciplinary treatments for psychosis. This review argues that an open, critical examination of existing professional models and practices is required to ensure that optimal service provision. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 133-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.518320 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.518320 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:133-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Johan Cullberg Author-X-Name-First: Johan Author-X-Name-Last: Cullberg Title: Psychosis, dissociation or delirium? Observations on the importance of differential diagnostics Abstract: Sometimes a psychosis, a dissociative pseudo‐psychosis or a delirium – especially when overlapping – are not diagnosed as aetiologically separate entities in clinical situations. All may be named “psychosis” or even schizophrenia. Such a practice may give serious consequences for the treatment. The observations in this paper will hopefully act as an invitation for other colleagues’ commentaries. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 160-162 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.518321 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.518321 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:160-162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Raballo Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Raballo Author-Name: Frank Larøi Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Larøi Title: Murmurs of thought: Phenomenology of hallucinatory consciousness in impending psychosis Abstract: First‐person accounts and detailed phenomenological descriptions are decisive to improve our understanding of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs). This is crucial in order to adequately appreciate the biographical–existential complexity of the “voices” and to increase the communication and share‐ability of such experiences. Besides the clear normalizing/de‐stigmatizing value, such an approach has an eminent therapeutic value since it offers a non‐reifying way to approach the broad, gestaltic metamorphosis of consciousness which precedes fully formed, florid AVHs. However, an important feature – namely, the very experiential genesis of the voices before their manifestation as full‐blown AVHs – has up to now not received sufficient attention. “Voices” indeed are often anticipated by subtle pre‐psychotic distortions of the stream of consciousness – such as abnormal sonorization of the inner dialogue and/or perceptualization of thought – which could emerge at the beginning of the prodromal phase. We suggest that a careful attention to these not‐yet psychotic precursors in their experiential continuity with AVHs could have important therapeutic implications. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 163-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.529617 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.529617 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:163-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Garrett Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett Author-Name: Amar Singh Author-X-Name-First: Amar Author-X-Name-Last: Singh Author-Name: Dinara Amanbekova Author-X-Name-First: Dinara Author-X-Name-Last: Amanbekova Author-Name: Chella Kamarajan Author-X-Name-First: Chella Author-X-Name-Last: Kamarajan Title: Lack of insight and conceptions of “mental illness” in schizophrenia, assessed in the third person through case vignettes Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if persons with a diagnosis of schizophrenia lack insight into their illness because cognitive deficits prevent them from applying an internal schema of mental illness to themselves. The study examines the ability of subjects to “insightfully” classify a series of short, fictional vignettes from a third‐person perspective.Method: Investigators wrote 20 one‐ to three‐sentence stories, 11 illustrating subtypes of psychotic symptoms, 3 illustrating non‐psychotic psychiatric diagnoses, 3 indicating medical problems, and 3 no illness. The investigators read these stories to a sample of inpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and a random community sample control group, and asked if subjects considered the person in each story to be mentally ill.Results: Subjects and controls were able to make accurate, fine distinctions among medical illness, no illness, and psychiatric illness categories.Conclusions: Patients did not demonstrate a deficit in the cognitive processing of illness schema, yet still failed to relate their own illness schema to themselves. This would encourage further study of the relationship between insight, denial, the mental representation of the self, and the meaning of the “mental illness” label to persons with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 115-125 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.529618 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.529618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:115-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: Recovery from psychosis: What’s love got to do with it? Abstract: Of the various ways in which recovery‐oriented practice has been characterized in contrast to traditional care, this paper focuses on the dimension of care being “person‐centered” in order to explore in some depth its implications for transforming psychiatric practice. In order to be considered “person‐centered”, care must attend primarily to the person rather than to symptoms or to diagnosis. In addition to respecting the person’s autonomy, we suggest that “person‐centered” care also requires a re‐thinking of the traditional therapeutic stance of neutrality in favor of a more engaged, compassionate stance which falls under the broad rubric of “love”. We argue that several different forms of love are required by the nature of the threat to the person’s sense of self posed by psychosis. In agreement with both Western and Eastern philosophical and spiritual traditions, we suggest that recognizing and restoring a person’s “personhood” is fundamentally a loving act. We then distinguish four different forms of non‐romantic love – Karuna, Agape, Philia, and Thelema – all of which are described as having restorative powers in enabling the person to rebuild a sense of self and a self‐determined and meaningful life in a community of his or her peers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 105-114 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.545431 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.545431 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:105-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie McNamara Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: McNamara Title: Can we sit and talk? Poems, stories and some words of advice Abstract: Our stories help us to make sense of the world we are living in and sometimes those stories make no sense at all to those outside of our experiences. I am here to encourage you to listen to the stories of the people you work with, as you walk alongside them through some of the extremes of their life experiences. There will be people who challenge you, who stretch you to the absolute limits of your psyche, to North, South, East and West of your emotional and spiritual capacity of your own being in the world. But stay alert and stay alive to their stories, as they are often desperate metaphors of unspeakable experiences. These stories need to be heard. Do not lose sight of the storyteller or of the sense they are making of their experiences. I urge you to listen to them. Because these are often disenfranchised voices, the unheard stories of the dispossessed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 167-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.569751 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.569751 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:167-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ronald Abramson Author-X-Name-First: Ronald Author-X-Name-Last: Abramson Author-Name: Sonja Levander Author-X-Name-First: Sonja Author-X-Name-Last: Levander Author-Name: Patrick Keown Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: Keown Title: Book reviews Journal: Psychosis Pages: 172-176 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.577587 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.577587 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:172-176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Professor Richard Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Professor Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Author-Name: Professor Tony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Professor Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Letter to the editor Journal: Psychosis Pages: 177-178 Issue: 2 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.577588 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.577588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:177-178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine May Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: May Author-Name: Clara Strauss Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Strauss Author-Name: Adrian Coyle Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Coyle Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Title: Person-based cognitive therapy groups for distressing voices: a thematic analysis of participant experiences of the therapy Abstract: This study sets out to develop an understanding of participants’ experiences of person-based cognitive therapy groups for distressing voices, a therapy that integrates cognitive therapy with mindfulness principles and practice. Qualitative data were gathered during 10 interviews with participants, most of whom had a diagnosis of psychosis. A semi-structured schedule was used to guide the interviews and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes unique to PBCT emerged: Relating to voices, Relating to self and Relating to others. The value of a mindfulness approach and the importance of changed beliefs about voice strength and power emerged as sub-themes in the “Relating to voices” theme. A sense of self-separate to voices and a developing positive view of self-emerged as sub-themes in the “Relating to self” theme. The “Relating to others” theme referred to changed social relationships during and following the group. The study provided support for the value of PBCT groups for distressing voices. Findings from the study supported the mechanisms of change suggested by the therapy model, namely, that benefit is gained through re-evaluating beliefs about voices, strengthening positive self-schema, mindfulness practice and principles and moving towards a symbolic sense of self. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 16-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.708775 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.708775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:16-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sabrina Hassan Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina Author-X-Name-Last: Hassan Title: Fallacies of a family member: recovery in progress Abstract: I have worked in mental healthcare with people living with serious mental illness for almost 12 years, and I am in my third year of doctoral training in clinical psychology. My brother has lived with “schizophrenia” for over 10 years. I write from the perspectives of a training clinician and a family member – a family member who did not realize how clinically insensitive her experiences with her brother were until now. This is an essay of humility and hope. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 80-84 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.722124 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.722124 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:80-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy Leonard Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Leonard Author-Name: Fergal W. Jones Author-X-Name-First: Fergal W. Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Caroline Cupitt Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Cupitt Title: An exploratory study of the relationship between metacognition and recovery style in people with psychosis Abstract: This study explored the relationship between metacognition and recovery style. Forty-three participants with a diagnosis of psychosis completed the metacognitions questionnaire-30, the recovery style questionnaire and the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Correlational analysis revealed that only one facet of metacognition significantly correlated with recovery style: stronger positive beliefs about worry were associated with greater sealing-over, and this was maintained when the effects of anxiety or depression were controlled. It could be helpful for future research to examine whether intervention techniques aimed at reducing positive beliefs about worry decrease sealing-over and so aid recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 74-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.722226 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.722226 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:74-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Author-Name: Amy Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Title: Providing safety in the midst of psychosis: an interpersonal dimension of recovery Abstract: This first-person account involves a dialogue between one person who experiences psychosis and one person who is trying to better understand and support people who experience psychosis. The topic of the dialogue is the nature of fear and safety in the midst of psychosis, not so much at the everyday level of specific fears of people, interactions, or animals, but at the more basic level of one’s existence as a person, that fundamental level that R.D. Laing had tried to convey through use of the term “ontological security.” The person with psychosis writing below, Amy Johnson, has yet to read anything of Laing’s, or similar theoretical material, but conveys her own sense of the kinds of experiences that are required to address the basic loss of personhood that appears to be a significant source of the distress and disability associated with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 77-79 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.724697 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.724697 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:77-79 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jara Falkenburg Author-X-Name-First: Jara Author-X-Name-Last: Falkenburg Author-Name: Derek K. Tracy Author-X-Name-First: Derek K. Author-X-Name-Last: Tracy Title: Sex and schizophrenia: a review of gender differences Abstract: Gender differences in schizophrenia have been noted since conceptualisation of the illness. Female onset is typically later, with a second peak post-menopause. Whilst incidence is higher in men, prevalence does not differ. Research has explored possible biopsychosocial causes of these differences. Evidence for genetic and neurodevelopmental factors is weak but support has garnered for the “estrogen hypothesis,” which emphasises the possible neuroprotective effect of estrogen in women. Differences have also been attributed to a differing psychological vulnerability between men and women based on symptomatology: “negative” symptoms are more common in men, whilst “positive” symptoms differ in content between the genders. Social factors might also play a role: whilst women experience more sexual assault, socioeconomic disadvantage and provide more care for dependents, men experience less familial engagement and more environmental hostility. The relevance of gender differences in schizophrenia has meaning beyond academic interest, since they can affect treatment: recent research has, for instance, begun to explore the efficacy of estrogen therapy. The aetiology of gender differences in schizophrenia is only partially understood and more research is needed to elucidate the causal roles of Biopsychosocial factors: understanding these will ultimately improve the treatment of all who suffer from this serious mental illness. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 61-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.733405 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.733405 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:61-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Wiesjahn Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Wiesjahn Author-Name: Alison Brabban Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Brabban Author-Name: Esther Jung Author-X-Name-First: Esther Author-X-Name-Last: Jung Author-Name: Ulla B. Gebauer Author-X-Name-First: Ulla B. Author-X-Name-Last: Gebauer Author-Name: Tania M. Lincoln Author-X-Name-First: Tania M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lincoln Title: Are continuum beliefs about psychotic symptoms associated with stereotypes about schizophrenia? Abstract: Contact with people diagnosed with schizophrenia, and causal beliefs about the disorder, have both been shown to correlate with stigmatization. However, the associations are complex and heterogeneous. The effects of antistigma campaigns that have implemented personal contact have been limited and interventions promoting biological causal explanations have been found to increase stigmatization in some cases. Possibly a more suitable strategy for antistigma interventions could be to incorporate continuum beliefs, which propose that symptoms of schizophrenia lie on a continuum with normal experiences. The present study considers the potential for interventions focused on continuum beliefs by investigating the association between continuum beliefs and stigmatization. Within a sample of 120 participants of an online study, higher levels of continuum beliefs (assessed with the Continuum Beliefs Questionnaire, CBQ) were significantly correlated with lower stereotype scores. This association remained significant after controlling for known correlates of stereotypes (contact, causal beliefs, and educational level). We did not find an association between continuum beliefs and social distance. It is concluded that the promotion of continuum beliefs should be considered in the development of new antistigma campaigns. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 50-60 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.740068 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.740068 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:50-60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seamus Fleming Author-X-Name-First: Seamus Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Stephen Joseph Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Joseph Title: Psychosis within dimensional and categorical models of mental illness Abstract: There has been recent interest in dimensional and super-ordinate factor models of psychopathology. While early studies modelled psychopathology in terms of two dimensions representing “Internalising” and “Externalising” behaviours, more recent studies have begun to identify a distinct “Psychosis” dimension. This study estimated a global dimensional model of psychopathology that included all three dimensions. A categorical model was also used to explain heterogeneity across the dimensions. Using data from the National Comorbidity Survey, 11 Axis I diagnoses, conduct disorder and three indicators of psychosis were used in exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses which identified three correlated dimensions: Internalising, Externalising and Psychosis. Latent profile analysis, based on the factor scores from these dimensions, identified five homogeneous groups that differed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The benefits of person-centred modelling of the hierarchical dimensions of psychopathology are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 4-15 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.752027 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.752027 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:4-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samantha Hartley Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Hartley Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Author-Name: Debora Vasconcelos e Sa Author-X-Name-First: Debora Author-X-Name-Last: Vasconcelos e Sa Author-Name: Alisa Udachina Author-X-Name-First: Alisa Author-X-Name-Last: Udachina Author-Name: Christine Barrowclough Author-X-Name-First: Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Barrowclough Author-Name: Richard P. Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard P. Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Author-Name: Shôn W. Lewis Author-X-Name-First: Shôn W. Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis Author-Name: Graham Dunn Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Dunn Author-Name: Gillian Haddock Author-X-Name-First: Gillian Author-X-Name-Last: Haddock Author-Name: Jasper Palmier-Claus Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Palmier-Claus Title: Compliance in experience sampling methodology: the role of demographic and clinical characteristics Abstract: Objective: Experience sampling (ES) involves participants rating ambulant phenomena at unpredictable intervals. Despite its perceived benefits, there is little published research evaluating the limitations of this method. Method: Predictors of compliance were investigated across three studies using ES in psychotic populations. Results: Regression analyses indicated that none of the demographic or clinical variables significantly (p ≤ \leq .05) predicted the number of valid reports or compliance as defined by traditionally used cut-off points (≥ \geq 33%). Conclusions: We conclude that it is difficult to predict compliance in ES research, which is likely to be an accessible methodology, even for people experiencing distressing symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 70-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.752520 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.752520 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:70-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Burbach Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Burbach Author-Name: Gemma Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Gemma Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Author-Name: Chris Clinch Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Clinch Author-Name: Nicola Wise Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Wise Title: Exploring the links between childhood imaginary companions and auditory hallucinations Abstract: The topography of Childhood Imaginary Companions (CICs) shares many features with non-pathological auditory hallucinations in adulthood, but the possible link between pathological auditory hallucinations (PAHs) experienced by people diagnosed with psychotic disorders and the presence of CICs is unclear. We explore this under-researched area by means of qualitative research. The experience of CICs and other childhood experiences, onset of PAHs and recovery was explored using in-depth semi-structured interviews with six adults. The key themes revealed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis were that all participants had CICs which served a protective function and that their CIC evoked negative reactions from parents. CICs and PAHs were distinct experiences and half of the participants still experienced their CIC. The findings support a model whereby the development of pathological and non-pathological hallucinations in adulthood is mediated by life events. Clinical implications are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 38-49 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.753934 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.753934 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:38-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pekka Borchers Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Borchers Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Author-Name: Klaus Lehtinen Author-X-Name-First: Klaus Author-X-Name-Last: Lehtinen Title: Psychosis, Need Adapted treatment, and psychiatrists’ agency Abstract: Background: In the Need-Adapted approach (NAA) therapy meetings are a deliberate effort to bring all meaningful parties and views to a common discussion prior to decisions; this constitutes a challenge for psychiatrists’ agency.Aims: To describe how psychiatrists see their agency in NAA.Methods: Using videos of co-research interviews, stimulated-recall interviews of 10 interviewees were conducted and transcribed verbatim. The material was analyzed via an adapted dialogical-narrative analytical method.Results: Institutional forces were experienced as having an enormous impact on psychiatrists’ agency, especially in the inpatient setting, reducing professional creativity. In the outpatient setting, psychiatrists who also attended hospital care were the most able to follow the principles of NAA. Those who only took part in outpatient treatment tended to adopt the position of medical consultants.Conclusions: The ability of psychiatrists to have agency in the language used with the clients is an underrated issue. The interview methods used in the research could be utilized in practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 27-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.755218 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.755218 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:27-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin M. Murray Author-X-Name-First: Robin M. Author-X-Name-Last: Murray Author-Name: Lucia Sideli Author-X-Name-First: Lucia Author-X-Name-Last: Sideli Author-Name: Alice Mulè Author-X-Name-First: Alice Author-X-Name-Last: Mulè Author-Name: Daniele La Barbera Author-X-Name-First: Daniele Author-X-Name-Last: La Barbera Title: Searching for the truth about schizophrenia requires the application of similarly high standards of proof to biological and social risk factors Journal: Psychosis Pages: 85-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.801033 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.801033 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:85-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Title: Response to Murray et al. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 87-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.820784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.820784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:87-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Lakeman Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Lakeman Title: Saving normal: an insider’s revolt against out-of-control psychiatric diagnosis, DSM-5, big pharma, and the medicalization of ordinary life Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.830642 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.830642 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:93a-95a Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Ward Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Title: Learning From the Voices in my Head Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.835336 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.835336 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:90-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carolyn Quadrio Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn Author-X-Name-Last: Quadrio Title: Models of madness – psychological, social and biological approaches to schizophrenia Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.876092 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.876092 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:93b-95b Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Conci Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Conci Author-Name: Brian Koehler Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Koehler Author-Name: Maurizio Peciccia Author-X-Name-First: Maurizio Author-X-Name-Last: Peciccia Title: Prof. Dr.med. Gaetano Benedetti (1920–2013), Co-Founder I.S.P.S. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.881096 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.881096 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José de Jager Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: de Jager Author-Name: Bahar Cirakoglu Author-X-Name-First: Bahar Author-X-Name-Last: Cirakoglu Author-Name: Annet Nugter Author-X-Name-First: Annet Author-X-Name-Last: Nugter Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: van Os Title: Intimacy and its barriers: A qualitative exploration of intimacy and related struggles among people diagnosed with psychosis Abstract: Previous studies indicate that intimate relationships and sexual expression are common unmet needs amongst people with psychosis. Research has mainly focused on sexuality and sexual dysfunction and little is known about the effects of psychosis on intimacy and intimate relationships. This study aimed to explore which problems participants encounter in establishing intimacy and maintaining intimate relationships, from the perspective of interpersonal process model of intimacy. Twenty-eight participants with a psychotic disorder receiving flexible assertive community treatment were interviewed about their needs and experiences with intimate relationships, using a semi-structured interview. The interviews were transcribed and coded using Grounded Theory methodology. Five overarching categories in relation to problems in establishing and maintaining intimate relationships emerged: side effects of medication, mental symptoms, stigma and self-stigma, sexual abuse, and lack of social skills and experience. Loss of self-esteem was an overarching central theme common to all five categories. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 301-309 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1330895 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1330895 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:301-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Sakson-Obada Author-X-Name-First: O. Author-X-Name-Last: Sakson-Obada Title: Pain perception in people diagnosed with schizophrenia: where we are and where we are going Abstract: The relationship between schizophrenia and diminished perception of pain has generally been confirmed in empirical studies, but the underlying mechanism is rarely addressed by researchers. This paper, based on the systematic review method, relates the study results to the theory of pain processing in order to improve our understanding of this phenomenon. An attempt is made to provide answers to two fundamental questions, namely: (1) Are the diminished pain thresholds independent of the type of stimulation applied? (2) What is the mechanism behind the disturbances in pain processing in people diagnosed with schizophrenia? The main conclusions are that: (1) schizophrenia is associated with pain insensitivity only when subjective pain assessment is applied; (2) the physiological and basic affective responses to pain are intact, but the complex psychological elaboration seems to be impaired; and additionally (3) theses regarding global pain threshold elevation should be formulated with caution, because the majority of studies employ only electrical or thermal stimulation. Moreover, a hypothesis concerning the lack of pain appreciation resulting from disturbances within the Body–Self is developed to explain the impairment of pain processing in the sensory-discriminative, affective, and cognitive dimensions. Suggestions for future research directions are provided. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 358-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1344294 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1344294 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:358-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomi Bergström Author-X-Name-First: Tomi Author-X-Name-Last: Bergström Author-Name: Birgitta Alakare Author-X-Name-First: Birgitta Author-X-Name-Last: Alakare Author-Name: Jukka Aaltonen Author-X-Name-First: Jukka Author-X-Name-Last: Aaltonen Author-Name: Pirjo Mäki Author-X-Name-First: Pirjo Author-X-Name-Last: Mäki Author-Name: Päivi Köngäs-Saviaro Author-X-Name-First: Päivi Author-X-Name-Last: Köngäs-Saviaro Author-Name: Jyri J. Taskila Author-X-Name-First: Jyri J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taskila Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Title: The long-term use of psychiatric services within the Open Dialogue treatment system after first-episode psychosis Abstract: Open Dialogue is a family-oriented early intervention model for mental health problems developed in the health district of Western Lapland, Finland. In the present study, the aim was to describe how psychiatric services were used in Western Lapland after decades of first-episode psychosis services, and to analyze how baseline characteristics were related to re-admission rates and the total duration of psychiatric treatment in geographical area where Open Dialogue approaches were developed and efforts made to systematically apply them to all psychiatric treatments. The data were obtained from the medical histories of patients who had first-episode psychosis in 1992–2005 and who lived continuously within the catchment area during the observation years (1992–2015) (N = 65). From baseline up to 2015, average length of treatment was 6 ± 2 years, and significant decrease (p < .001) in total use of psychiatric services was observed. The admission rates and duration of treatment were highest with subjects who behaved aggressively (U = 270, p < .005), and/or who were hospitalized (U = 157, p < .001) and medicated (U = 114, p < .001) at onset. Overall, external aggression at onset emerges as a factor that may challenge the application of the OD treatment principles, being associated with a greater need for hospitalization and longer treatment duration. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 310-321 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1344295 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1344295 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:310-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ola Söderström Author-X-Name-First: Ola Author-X-Name-Last: Söderström Author-Name: Dag Söderström Author-X-Name-First: Dag Author-X-Name-Last: Söderström Author-Name: Zoé Codeluppi Author-X-Name-First: Zoé Author-X-Name-Last: Codeluppi Author-Name: Lilith Abrahamyan Empson Author-X-Name-First: Lilith Abrahamyan Author-X-Name-Last: Empson Author-Name: Philippe Conus Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Conus Title: Emplacing recovery: how persons diagnosed with psychosis handle stress in cities Abstract: The background of this study is recent work on the correlation between urban living and psychosis. It is part of a larger interdisciplinary research project using an experience-based approach to the city-psychosis nexus. The aim of this paper is to investigate how, soon after a first episode of psychosis, patients manage urban factors of stress. Methodologically, it is based on video-elicitation interviews of urban walks and ethnographic observations in a community care centre in the city of Lausanne, Switzerland. It shows that patients use three tactics: creating sensory bubbles; programming mobility; and creating places of comfort. On the basis of these findings, the paper discusses how the approach and results of our study can inform strategies of recovery that are both user-driven and take into consideration the importance of places and situations in the city in the phase following a first episode. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 322-329 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1344296 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1344296 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:322-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Butter Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Butter Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: James Houston Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Houston Title: Social isolation and psychosis-like experiences: a UK general population analysis Abstract: Background: Social isolation is a complex construct characterised by both objective and perceived components and has been commonly identified as a risk factor for psychosis-like experiences (PLEs). Few studies, however, have modelled the association between social isolation and PLEs in the general population.Method: Data from a UK general population survey (N = 7403) were analysed using latent class analysis to identify distinct groups of individuals characterised by the same profile of social isolation. Six objective and perceived indicators of social isolation (e.g. living alone; feeling socially isolated and lonely) were modelled. Associations between classes and PLEs were analysed using multivariate binary logistic regression analysis.Results: Three classes were identified: an isolated and lonely class (Class 1), a no communication or close relationships class (Class 2) and a baseline class (Class 3). Compared to the baseline class, Class 1 was significantly more likely to endorse thought interference (OR = 2.0) and paranoia (OR = 3.3), while Class 2 was significantly more likely to endorse paranoia (OR = 8.6) and hallucinations (OR = 1.9).Conclusions: Social isolation in the general population seems to vary between two distinct groups. PLEs, in turn, seem to vary depending on the nature of this isolation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 291-300 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1349829 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1349829 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:291-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria João Martins Author-X-Name-First: Maria João Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Author-Name: Paula Castilho Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Castilho Author-Name: Célia Barreto Carvalho Author-X-Name-First: Célia Barreto Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho Author-Name: Ana Telma Pereira Author-X-Name-First: Ana Telma Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira Author-Name: Diana Carvalho Author-X-Name-First: Diana Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho Author-Name: Miguel Bajouco Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Bajouco Author-Name: Nuno Madeira Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Author-X-Name-Last: Madeira Author-Name: Vitor Santos Author-X-Name-First: Vitor Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Author-Name: António Macedo Author-X-Name-First: António Author-X-Name-Last: Macedo Title: Pathways from paranoid conviction to distress: exploring the mediator role of Fears of Compassion in a sample of people with psychosis Abstract: Fears of Compassion (FOC) relate to experiencing defensive emotions and avoidance reactions when receiving and giving compassion. Three different flows have been identified: giving compassion to others, receiving compassion, and self-compassion. This study sought to explore: FOC within a sample of patients with psychosis; the associations between FOC and paranoia; and the mediator role of FOC in the relationship between paranoid conviction and distress. Seventy-two patients with psychosis (74% diagnosed with schizophrenia), mostly male (85%), with a mean age of 33.46 (SD = 9.43), were recruited and assessed with measures of paranoia (conviction and distress) and FOC. Participants presented significantly higher levels of FOC than non-clinical samples and lower levels than depressed patients. Different flows of FOC were associated with each other and with paranoia-related measures. A mediation effect of FOC from others and fears of self-compassion was found. Results support the relevance of including FOC in formulation and treatment protocols for psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 330-337 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1349830 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1349830 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:330-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Akib Ul Huque Author-X-Name-First: Akib Ul Author-X-Name-Last: Huque Author-Name: Alice Heaney Author-X-Name-First: Alice Author-X-Name-Last: Heaney Author-Name: Ellen Poliakoff Author-X-Name-First: Ellen Author-X-Name-Last: Poliakoff Author-Name: Richard J. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Richard J. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: Development and validation of a voice-hearing task for research on auditory verbal hallucinations and auditory misperception Abstract: We developed a brief (5.5 min), continuous voice-hearing task (VHT) to address the limitations of existing paradigms used to study auditory verbal hallucinations in the laboratory. Correlational analysis of VHT data obtained from ordinary participants indicated that false alarm responses on the task were reliable and had convergent and divergent validity. Advantages of the VHT over other similar tasks include its sound psychometric properties, brevity, flexibility, control over confounding factors, suitability for multi-task study, and potential for broader application. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 338-346 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1363275 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1363275 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:338-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jasper Palmier-Claus Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Palmier-Claus Author-Name: Robert Griffiths Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Griffiths Author-Name: Elizabeth Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Sophie Parker Author-X-Name-First: Sophie Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Samantha Bowe Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Bowe Author-Name: Ann Steele Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Steele Author-Name: Paul French Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: French Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Author-Name: Sara Tai Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Tai Title: Cognitive behavioural therapy for thought disorder in psychosis Abstract: Clinicians are often sceptical about offering cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to individuals experiencing thought disorder. This view may result from perceived difficulties in clients being able to learn and better understand their experiences through verbal dialogue. However, it may also partly be due to the lack of clear guidance on how to address and work with these difficulties within therapy. This paper provides recommendations for delivering CBT in individuals experiencing thought disorder. It considers how clinicians might conduct their cognitive behavioural assessment, formulation, and intervention, targeting unhelpful appraisals and behaviour, and generating insight. The aim is to better disseminate the techniques sometimes applied in clinical practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 347-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1363276 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1363276 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:347-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pesach Lichtenberg Author-X-Name-First: Pesach Author-X-Name-Last: Lichtenberg Title: From the closed ward to Soteria: a professional and personal journey Abstract: After over two decades serving as the director of a closed inpatient unit, the author initiated the establishment of the first Soteria home in Israel. The article describes the intellectual, professional, and personal journey of transformation. The principles of Soteria are presented, and prospects for the establishment of more Soterias are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 369-375 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1373842 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1373842 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:369-375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chrys Muirhead Author-X-Name-First: Chrys Author-X-Name-Last: Muirhead Title: Risk of relapse in psychosis: facing the fear, resisting mental illness Abstract: In my experience psychosis was a journey from one place to another, necessary and transitional, in response to life trauma. I believe that we are all on the psychosis spectrum but only some of us will require respite and a break from everyday existence. Preferably a safe haven and secure base from which we can rise again, stronger than before, wiser and more able to face the next challenge that life brings to us. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 367-368 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1381757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1381757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:367-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Devvarta Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Devvarta Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Mahesh Menon Author-X-Name-First: Mahesh Author-X-Name-Last: Menon Author-Name: Steffen Moritz Author-X-Name-First: Steffen Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz Author-Name: Todd S. Woodward Author-X-Name-First: Todd S. Author-X-Name-Last: Woodward Title: Using the back door: Metacognitive training for psychosis Abstract: Delusions have traditionally been considered impervious to counter-arguments and thus not amenable to psychotherapy. However, a growing body of evidence from Cognitive Behavior Therapy for psychosis (CBT-p) has indicated that challenging the delusional beliefs may be effective in reducing their severity. Metacognitive Training/Therapy (MCT) for psychosis also targets delusions, using a back door approach by helping clients gain insight into the cognitive biases behind delusions, followed by attempts to plant the seeds of doubt, and weaken delusional beliefs. There are two variants of MCT, the group format MCT and the individual therapy format MCT (i.e. MCT+). The MCT intervention has three components: (a) normalization, (b) facilitating insight into the relationship between cognitive biases and delusions, and (c) sowing the seeds of doubt in delusional beliefs. Among these, the first two components are common to both MCT and MCT+, whereas the third is specific to MCT+. Initial findings about the effects of MCT in reducing the delusional convictions are encouraging. The present article elaborates on the theoretical background, process, clinical implications, empirical status, and the advantages and limitations of this intervention. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 166-178 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.913073 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.913073 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:166-178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Sims Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Sims Author-Name: Chris Barker Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Barker Author-Name: Claire Price Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Price Author-Name: Miriam Fornells-Ambrojo Author-X-Name-First: Miriam Author-X-Name-Last: Fornells-Ambrojo Title: Psychological impact of identifying character strengths in people with psychosis Abstract: A one group pre–post test design investigated the impact of identifying character strengths using the Values In Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) with individuals with early psychosis (N = 29). Post-test improvements in positive affect and cognitive performance were observed. Neither self-esteem nor self-efficacy improved. The technique appears feasible for use within early intervention services. Adverse consequences should be monitored and additional components considered to enhance benefits. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 179-182 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.925485 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.925485 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:179-182 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Author-Name: Yvonne Awenat Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne Author-X-Name-Last: Awenat Author-Name: Simon McCarthy Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy Jones Author-Name: Georgie Paulik Author-X-Name-First: Georgie Author-X-Name-Last: Paulik Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: Beyond beliefs: A qualitative study of people’s opinions about their changing relations with their voices Abstract: This study sought to develop further understandings of the relationships that people can develop with the voices they hear, and to explore the development of these relationships over time. Qualitative data was gathered from 12 people attending peer support groups. A semi-structured interview was used to facilitate the interviews and analysis of the transcripts was guided by the principles of Thematic Analysis. Four themes emerged and suggested that the relationships between hearers and their voices can have a variable trajectory which is influenced by stress, talking with and about voices, and the acceptance of voices and/or resistance. Clinically, the findings have implications for the training of frontline staff, the provision of peer support and the adaptation of psychological therapies. Future studies should assess whether our findings generalise to more diverse samples of voice hearers and use longitudinal qualitative and quantitative designs to explore change processes in-depth from early to later stages of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 97-107 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.926388 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.926388 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:97-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maurizio Peciccia Author-X-Name-First: Maurizio Author-X-Name-Last: Peciccia Author-Name: Claudia Mazzeschi Author-X-Name-First: Claudia Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzeschi Author-Name: Simone Donnari Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Donnari Author-Name: Livia Buratta Author-X-Name-First: Livia Author-X-Name-Last: Buratta Title: A Sensory-Motor Approach for Patients with a Diagnosis of Psychosis. Some Data From an Empirical Investigation on Amniotic Therapy Abstract: Background: Amniotic therapy (AT) is a sensory integration group-therapy for psychotic patients. Therapeutic interactions are non-verbal and similar to mother–foetus interactions in amniotic fluid. AT aims to define internal and external self-boundaries through the integration of separate self and symbiotic self.Aims: The aim of this paper is to present the first data regarding an empirical investigation on AT conducted with a group of long-term psychotic patients and their co-therapists. Patients were treated intensively through AT sessions for one year.Results: Outcome clinical data show an improvement in the interpersonal social functioning of the patients as measured by the quality of life and by the clinical judgment of a psychiatrist external to the research project. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 141-151 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.926560 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.926560 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:141-151 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Eilish Burke Author-X-Name-First: Eilish Author-X-Name-Last: Burke Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Nicola Chapman Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Chapman Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Stigma in psychosis: A thematic synthesis of current qualitative evidence Abstract: Aims: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the qualitative literature to understand stigma from a service-user perspective.Method: A thematic synthesis of nine studies examining service-users’ experiences of stigma was conducted. Studies were included if they used a qualitative methodology to examine experiences of stigma as a primary research question with participants who have personal experience of psychosis.Results: Two overarching themes were identified; the stigma system and stigma processes. The stigma system highlighted the multi-layered social system which can cause and maintain stigma. Five sub-circles of the stigma system were detailed including the individual, family, friends, community and society. Stigma processes are the mechanisms which contribute to the development of stigma and to how it can be overcome. Eight sub-themes of stigma processes were included broadly pertaining to acceptance, kindness, communication, education and understanding within all areas of the individuals’ social system.Conclusion: Stigma is embedded in the individual’s social system and involves a number of distinct processes. While individualised interventions may be effective in preventing or alleviating the internalisation of stigma, it is clear that wider systemic or societal interventions are also required. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 152-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.926561 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.926561 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:152-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: David Boyda Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Boyda Author-Name: James Houston Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Houston Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: Measurement of the psychosis continuum: Modelling the frequency and distress of subclinical psychotic experiences Abstract: Objective: Dimensional models of psychosis symptom frequency at clinical levels are representative of symptom dimensionality that is inclusive of distress. However, factor models of psychotic-like experiences, or subclinical symptomatology, in the general population have only ever been estimated using information on the frequency of occurrence. To ascertain whether dimensional representations of psychosis at subclinical levels are reflective of clinical manifestations of psychosis, factor models must utilise data that permits the measurement of both frequency and distress of psychosis experiences.Method: Psychotic-like experiences were assessed in a nonclinical sample (N = 462) using the 20 positive items from the CAPE42, which is a self-report questionnaire of psychotic experiences. For each item of the CAPE the frequency and distress ratings were recoded to form composite scores. Seven factor analytic models were specified and tested using confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The five-factor model of Wigman et al. (hallucinations, paranoia, grandiosity, delusions and paranormal beliefs factors) represented the best fitting model for both frequency and composite data.Conclusions: The findings constitute further evidence for a continuum of psychosis within the general population. Future analyses, aimed at delineating the dimensionality of psychosis, must advance towards the inclusion of distress as a central and necessary adjunct to measurement. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 108-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.931451 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.931451 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:108-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jane E. Dunkley Author-X-Name-First: Jane E. Author-X-Name-Last: Dunkley Author-Name: Glen W. Bates Author-X-Name-First: Glen W. Author-X-Name-Last: Bates Title: Recovery and adaptation after first-episode psychosis: The relevance of posttraumatic growth Abstract: This research expanded the concept of recovery following first-episode psychosis (FEP) to include the possibility of posttraumatic growth (PTG), particularly in improved relationships and views of others. Accounts of recovery and adaptation from FEP in the context of a trauma model were examined. FEP is defined as the first treated episode in an individual’s lifetime. A longitudinal qualitative study was conducted utilising a thematic analysis derived from interpretative phenomenological analysis of interview data. Ten people were interviewed three to six months following their psychotic episode and again three months after their initial interview. Analysis of interview data revealed that people actively manage their experience of FEP and utilise adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. Both restorative and constructive processes and outcomes were relevant, with growth integral to recovery. The identification of PTG after FEP has important clinical implications. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 130-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.936027 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.936027 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:130-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Georgiades Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Georgiades Author-Name: Lorna Farquharson Author-X-Name-First: Lorna Author-X-Name-Last: Farquharson Author-Name: Lyn Ellett Author-X-Name-First: Lyn Author-X-Name-Last: Ellett Title: Resilience, recovery style, and stress in early psychosis Abstract: Aim: To investigate relationships between stress, resilience, recovery style, and persecutory delusions in early psychosis.Methods: Thirty-nine participants completed questionnaires in a cross-sectional design.Results: Higher stress, lower resilience, and a sealing-over recovery style predicted higher delusional severity and accounted for 31% of the variance in delusion severity.Conclusions: Enhancing stress-coping strategies, building resilience, and facilitating an integrative recovery style may be helpful intervention targets for reducing the severity of persecutory delusions in patients with early psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 183-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.936028 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.936028 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:183-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lauren Oakland Author-X-Name-First: Lauren Author-X-Name-Last: Oakland Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: “Lifting the veil”: a qualitative analysis of experiences in Hearing Voices Network groups. Abstract: The present study explored participants’ experiences of attending Hearing Voices Network groups. We interviewed 11 participants about their experiences of the groups using semistructured interviews. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Five themes emerged: (1) Discovery, relating to initial group attendance; (2) Group structure, consisting of the key ingredients of the group; (3) Acceptance, reflecting an acceptance of their experiences; (4) Hope, exploring hope in the group; and (5) Group benefits, focusing on benefits derived from the group. The study extends previous research about the role of peer facilitation in hearing voices and supports existing research on the importance of hope, acceptance and coping in recovery within voice-hearing. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 119-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.937451 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.937451 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:119-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helene Wolf Author-X-Name-First: Helene Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf Title: Children of separation and loss, a memoir Journal: Psychosis Pages: 192-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.956786 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.956786 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:192-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Berenice Royal Author-X-Name-First: Berenice Author-X-Name-Last: Royal Title: Voices, their origin, and ways to address them: Two propositions and a resolution Abstract: This article reflects on symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia (voice hearing) and speculates that these could be caused by either telepathy or trauma. It discusses supporting literature, arguments and evidence for both assumptions. The article then integrates these two perspectives into one synthetic explanation. Finally, it provides an approach for dealing with the voices based on this synthetic explanation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 186-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.992038 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.992038 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:2:p:186-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy Mersh Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Mersh Author-Name: Fergal Jones Author-X-Name-First: Fergal Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Joseph Oliver Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver Title: Mindfulness, self-stigma and social functioning in first episode psychosis: A brief report Abstract: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that people with first-episode psychosis who are more mindful will have lower self-stigma, and hence better social functioning. Thirty-four participants experiencing first-episode psychosis completed self-report questionnaires, in a cross-sectional design. Consistent with the hypothesis, higher levels of mindfulness predicted lower self-stigma and better social functioning, and self-stigma statistically mediated the mindfulness → social functioning relationship. However, contrary to expectations, when symptom severity was included as a covariate, evidence of mediation was lost. Limitations and implications of these findings are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 261-264 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1024714 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1024714 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:261-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bridget E. Hamilton Author-X-Name-First: Bridget E. Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton Title: Madness made me: A memoir, by Mary O’Hagan Journal: Psychosis Pages: 288-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1040443 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1040443 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:288-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lony Schiltz Author-X-Name-First: Lony Author-X-Name-Last: Schiltz Title: Psychological approaches to understanding and treating auditory hallucinations: From theory to therapy Journal: Psychosis Pages: 286-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1049199 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1049199 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:286-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jacek Wciórka Author-X-Name-First: Jacek Author-X-Name-Last: Wciórka Author-Name: Piotr Świtaj Author-X-Name-First: Piotr Author-X-Name-Last: Świtaj Author-Name: Marta Anczewska Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Anczewska Title: The sense of empowerment in the early stage of recovery from psychosis Abstract: Objective: To assess the characteristics, correlates and prediction model of empowerment among patients recovering from psychosis.Method: Rogers’s Empowerment Scale (ES) was used to assess the sense of empowerment among 110 patients at the early stage of recovery from a psychotic episode. Its correlation with social–demographic, clinical, and personal characteristics are analysed.Results: The mean score and profile of ES in this Polish study is close to the original ES results. Empowerment correlates positively with the male sex, self-esteem, self-efficacy, resilience, social support, hope, and quality of life; and negatively with depression, loneliness and internalised stigma. The second-order factor analysis of the ES proves the suitability of Corrigan, Faber, Rashid and Leary (1999) model of two superordinate factors/dimensions (individual versus social) of empowerment. The regression model demonstrates that self-esteem and self-efficacy are the main positive predictors while stigma and depression the main negative predictors of empowerment.Conclusion: The results obtained with a Polish version of the ES proves its comparable suitability. The regression model suggests some priorities in terms of how to enhance empowerment in the early stage of recovery from psychosis illness. The two-dimensional model of empowerment and its clinical application deserves further attention and study. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 249-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.910253 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.910253 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:249-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Styła Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Styła Author-Name: L. Grzesiuk Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Grzesiuk Author-Name: H. Suszek Author-X-Name-First: H. Author-X-Name-Last: Suszek Author-Name: K. Krawczyk Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Krawczyk Author-Name: M. Rutkowska Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rutkowska Title: Characteristics of therapists working with people experiencing psychosis: A nation-wide survey in Poland Abstract: Objective: To characterise how psychotherapy with people who expereince psychosis is conducted in Poland, and by whom.Method: A nation-wide online survey and paper and pencil enquiry comprised of 40 questions and addressed mainly to the members of psychological, psychiatric and psychotherapeutic associations was administered to a sample of 1196 people who provide psychotherapy.Results: Of the 1196 therapists surveyed, 30.8% reported working with people experiencing psychosis. Therapists working with psychotic people were more likely than the rest of the therapists to have graduated in medicine, worked in a psychiatric hospital or public counselling centre and trained in psychoanalytic or psychodynamic psychotherapy. No difference in gender and age or years of experience was found between the two groups.Conclusions: The percentage of therapists working with psychotic patients in Poland is similar to the international average, but lower than in Austria. Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic psychotherapists play an important role in the psychological treatment of people experiencing psychosis in Poland. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 265-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.936029 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.936029 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:265-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Johanna Sundag Author-X-Name-First: Johanna Author-X-Name-Last: Sundag Author-Name: Tania M. Lincoln Author-X-Name-First: Tania M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lincoln Author-Name: Maike M. Hartmann Author-X-Name-First: Maike M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hartmann Author-Name: Steffen Moritz Author-X-Name-First: Steffen Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz Title: Is the content of persecutory delusions relevant to self-esteem? Abstract: Background: Persecutory delusions are often associated with low self-esteem, depression and emotional distress. However, some patients acknowledge that their beliefs positively impact on their well-being which has been linked to non-adherence with medication. The present study aimed to investigate the moderators for the relationship of subjective well-being and persecutory delusions.Method: We recruited 43 patients with acute (n = 33) or remitted (n = 10) persecutory delusions and 33 healthy participants. Following a self-esteem measure and the assessment of psychopathology we conducted a semistructured interview with the patients to assess the contents of persecutory delusions (e.g. power of the persecutor).Results: Patients displayed significantly lower global self-esteem than healthy controls. In the acutely deluded sample (n = 33) patients with special abilities had significantly lower scores of depression and emotional distress than patients with normal or lower-than-normal abilities. A feeling of powerlessness towards the persecutor was associated with lower self-esteem and higher depression. Delusions which imparted the patient with special importance and delusions of being desired by someone else were significantly associated with higher levels of self-esteem.Conclusions: We conclude that the content of delusions is important when planning medical and psychological treatment. Clinicians are advised to take the associations between specific convictions and subjective well-being into account. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 237-248 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.947616 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.947616 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:237-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas I. Marlowe Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas I. Author-X-Name-Last: Marlowe Title: Open Dialogue with R.D. Laing Abstract: The conceptual systems of R. D. Laing and open dialogue share the fundamental premise that the symptoms of psychosis are intelligible responses to some difficult aspects of life’s experience. Laing developed this theme, but published no definitive account of his psychotherapy. By contrast, open dialogue comprises a set of network-based therapeutic manoeuvres grounded in empirical outcome data. Examination of the interfaces between these two approaches suggests a line of research that may make for an expansion of open dialogue, as well as for a long-overdue empirical examination of Laing’s theory of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 272-275 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.955521 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.955521 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:272-275 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Warren Cornwall Author-X-Name-First: Michael Warren Author-X-Name-Last: Cornwall Title: If madness isn’t what psychiatry says it is, then what is it? That’s been my koan for almost fifty years! Journal: Psychosis Pages: 279-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.955522 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.955522 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:279-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Topor Author-X-Name-First: Alain Author-X-Name-Last: Topor Author-Name: Anne Denhov Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Denhov Title: Going beyond: Users’ experiences of helping professionals Abstract: Background: Establishing a working alliance has been found to be of great importance for the outcome of professional interventions for people diagnosed with severe mental illnesses. Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyse the concrete actions of helpful professionals in establishing a working alliance. Method: Interviews with 58 persons diagnosed with severe mental illness who were in a recovery process or had recovered were analysed using Grounded Theory. Results: The core category that emerged from the analysis was termed ‘going beyond’. It was constituted on three subcategories: challenging the rationality of the institutions, restoring the professional as a person and restoring the user as a person. Conclusion: Users’ experience-based knowledge about helpful professionals calls into question the traditional view of professional roles. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 228-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.956784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.956784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:228-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter James Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter James Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Alex Perry Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: Perry Author-Name: Paul Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Author-Name: Claire Seddon Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Seddon Author-Name: Ranil Tan Author-X-Name-First: Ranil Author-X-Name-Last: Tan Title: Curiosity and the CAT: Considering Cognitive Analytic Therapy as an intervention for psychosis Abstract: In the interests of providing patient choice and developing more effective interventions for people struggling with psychosis, it is important that alternative talking therapies are explored. Cognitive Analytic Therapy is an integrative therapy which has specific features that may be particularly suited to psychosis. The current report briefly outlines this approach and its potential benefits. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 276-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.956785 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.956785 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:276-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick Welsh Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: Welsh Author-Name: Roz Oates Author-X-Name-First: Roz Author-X-Name-Last: Oates Title: Opinion piece: “Hearing the voices of young people!” Do we require more personal accounts from young people who have psychotic-like experiences? Abstract: First person accounts are recognised as important educational and self-exploratory approaches. However accounts from adolescents with psychotic-like experiences are largely absent in comparison to other areas of adolescent and adult psychiatry. In this opinion piece we discuss the importance of adolescent accounts and how they may be collected and used within and outside of mental health services. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 269-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.965725 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.965725 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:269-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bethany L. Leonhardt Author-X-Name-First: Bethany L. Author-X-Name-Last: Leonhardt Author-Name: Jay A. Hamm Author-X-Name-First: Jay A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hamm Author-Name: Elizabeth A. Belanger Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth A. Author-X-Name-Last: Belanger Author-Name: Paul H. Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Title: Childhood sexual abuse moderates the relationship of self-reflectivity with increased emotional distress in schizophrenia Abstract: For many diagnosed with schizophrenia, increased self-awareness is associated with an increase in distress. This link, however, does not appear to be consistent for all with schizophrenia and thus it may be that there are different factors that make one more likely to experience increased distress with increased awareness. The current study sought to explore whether having experienced trauma could be one such factor that influences the relationship between increased awareness and greater distress. We hypothesized that for those who have experienced childhood sexual abuse, increasingly complex understandings of themselves will be linked with heightened distress and symptoms of schizophrenia. This hypothesis was examined in two groups of outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia, with one group reporting a traumatic event and another group who did not report this specific trauma. Correlation coefficients of the relationship between measures of awareness and PANSS symptom scores among the two groups were compared and supported this hypothesis, suggesting that increased awareness may be associated with increased distress particularly for those who have experienced trauma in their lives. These findings have several clinical implications, including the importance of understanding the protective role psychotic symptoms may play in the face of distress. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 195-205 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.968858 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.968858 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:195-205 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Alison Brabban Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Brabban Author-Name: Laura Drage Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Drage Author-Name: Helen Spencer Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Associations between internalised stereotypes of psychosis and emotional dysfunction in people with psychosis not taking antipsychotic medication Abstract: This study explores relationships between internalised stereotypes (IS) and emotional dysfunction in people with psychosis who are not taking antipsychotic medication. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data for 66 participants were tested for relationships between IS, emotional dysfunction and insight at baseline and three months. IS and insight at baseline were compared between those with psychological and other causal models of psychosis. High levels of IS were associated with depression and social anxiety at baseline. Internalised stereotypes contributed to the variance in depression over time. Participants who reported a psychological causal model for their psychotic experiences had significantly lower levels of stigma. Findings support a stigma model of emotional dysfunction in people with psychosis replicating previous findings in an antipsychotic free group. Research is required to demonstrate effective interventions for IS in those with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 217-227 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.980307 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.980307 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:217-227 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: Grainne McAnee Author-X-Name-First: Grainne Author-X-Name-Last: McAnee Author-Name: Richard P. Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard P. Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: Specificity of association between adversities and the occurrence and co-occurrence paranoia and hallucinations: Evaluating the stability of childhood risk in an adverse adult environment Abstract: A recent general population study demonstrated specificity of association between particular forms of childhood adversity and particular psychotic experiences. This study sought to test the stability of this specificity in an adverse adult environment context using data from the Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity among Prisoners in England and Wales. Multivariate analysis showed that specific adversities predicted specific psychotic experiences. Bullying produced the highest odds ratio for paranoia (OR = 1.99), which was also predicted by being raised in institutional care (OR = 1.49). Sexual abuse produced the highest odds ratio for hallucinations (OR = 2.37). Sexual abuse and bullying produced the highest increased odds ratios for experiencing co-occurring paranoia and hallucinations (OR = 2.80) and (OR = 2.42), respectively. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 206-216 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.980308 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.980308 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:3:p:206-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Brand Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Brand Author-Name: Chris Harrop Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Harrop Author-Name: Lyn Ellett Author-X-Name-First: Lyn Author-X-Name-Last: Ellett Title: What is it like to be friends with a young person with psychosis? A qualitative study Abstract: Psychosis has a concerning social impact and can lead to significant reductions in social networks early in its course. There are serious developmental and illness-related implications of reduced social networks which make it important to understand why this occurs. This study aimed to explore the often neglected perspective of friends in order to advance our understanding of the reasons for breakdowns in relationships following the onset of psychosis. Seven friends were interviewed about their experience of being friends with a young person with psychosis. Constructivist Grounded Theory was used to analyse the transcripts and develop a theoretical model. The central category that emerged was “persisting with the friendship”, a chronological process that unfolded over time, from the point at which friends began to notice initial psychotic symptoms, through to thinking about what the future might hold for the young person with psychosis. A number of factors impacted on friends’ ability to persist with the friendship, five that hindered and six that helped. Future research might usefully examine the feasibility and desirability of working with friends within the context of peer interventions. Psychosis has a concerning social impact and can lead to significant reductions in social networks early in its course. There are serious developmental and illness-related implications of reduced social networks which make it important to understand why this occurs. This study aimed to explore the often neglected perspective of friends in order to advance our understanding of the reasons for breakdowns in relationships following the onset of psychosis. Seven friends were interviewed about their experience of being friends with a young person with psychosis. Constructivist Grounded Theory was used to analyse the transcripts and develop a theoretical model. The central category that emerged was “persisting with the friendship”, a chronological process that unfolded over time, from the point at which friends began to notice initial psychotic symptoms, through to thinking about what the future might hold for the young person with psychosis. A number of factors impacted on friends’ ability to persist with the friendship, five that hindered and six that helped. Future research might usefully examine the feasibility and desirability of working with friends within the context of peer interventions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 205-215 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.528562 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.528562 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:205-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sharon Newman Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Newman Author-Name: Laura Simonds Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Simonds Author-Name: Jo Billings Author-X-Name-First: Jo Author-X-Name-Last: Billings Title: A narrative analysis investigating the impact of first episode psychosis on siblings’ identity Abstract: Research investigating the impact and experience of first episode psychosis amongst siblings is limited. This study reports the findings of a narrative analysis of the accounts of four siblings, two male and two female, aged between 17 and 24 years, of young people with a first episode of psychosis. The aim of the analysis was to explore the impact of this experience on siblings’ sense of self and their identity development and the roles they adopt within their families. The analysis focused on the core narrative, tone and genre of each account as well as providing a cross-case analysis. This cross-case analysis indicated an overarching genre of “rite of passage” within which a gender difference was interpreted. The emphasis in the accounts of the two young women was on finding personal meaning whereas, for the two young men, the emphasis was on taking up responsibilities. As found in other studies of serious mental health problems, siblings provide much direct and indirect care for their families. The implications for services providing support to siblings and families in early intervention services are discussed. Research investigating the impact and experience of first episode psychosis amongst siblings is limited. This study reports the findings of a narrative analysis of the accounts of four siblings, two male and two female, aged between 17 and 24 years, of young people with a first episode of psychosis. The aim of the analysis was to explore the impact of this experience on siblings’ sense of self and their identity development and the roles they adopt within their families. The analysis focused on the core narrative, tone and genre of each account as well as providing a cross-case analysis. This cross-case analysis indicated an overarching genre of “rite of passage” within which a gender difference was interpreted. The emphasis in the accounts of the two young women was on finding personal meaning whereas, for the two young men, the emphasis was on taking up responsibilities. As found in other studies of serious mental health problems, siblings provide much direct and indirect care for their families. The implications for services providing support to siblings and families in early intervention services are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 216-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.542588 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.542588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:216-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Fontao Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Fontao Author-Name: Klaus Hoffmann Author-X-Name-First: Klaus Author-X-Name-Last: Hoffmann Title: Psychosocial treatment in group format with people diagnosed with schizophrenia: results and limitations of empirical research Abstract: Psychosocial treatment in group format with people diagnosed with schizophrenia has been applied for decades. Meta-analyses and reviews support the clinical impression that psychosocial treatment in group format is effective. The most investigated forms of group treatment are social skills groups, psycho-educational groups with patients and families, and cognitive-behavioural therapy. Psychodynamic approaches and traditional verbal therapies in group settings are frequently applied but have not been sufficiently investigated to date. In this article, the main results of outcome research on psychosocial treatment in group format with people diagnosed with schizophrenia are summarized and critically discussed with respect to methodological shortcomings. The need for more research on psychodynamic approaches and group processes is also emphasized. Psychosocial treatment in group format with people diagnosed with schizophrenia has been applied for decades. Meta-analyses and reviews support the clinical impression that psychosocial treatment in group format is effective. The most investigated forms of group treatment are social skills groups, psycho-educational groups with patients and families, and cognitive-behavioural therapy. Psychodynamic approaches and traditional verbal therapies in group settings are frequently applied but have not been sufficiently investigated to date. In this article, the main results of outcome research on psychosocial treatment in group format with people diagnosed with schizophrenia are summarized and critically discussed with respect to methodological shortcomings. The need for more research on psychodynamic approaches and group processes is also emphasized. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 226-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.548100 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.548100 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:226-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisbeth Sommerbeck Author-X-Name-First: Lisbeth Author-X-Name-Last: Sommerbeck Title: An introduction to pre-therapy Abstract: This article briefly introduces Garry Prouty’s pre-therapy with people diagnosed with psychoses. It includes a short discussion of the theory of pre-therapy and illustrates the practice of pre-therapy with examples of “contact reflections” and an excerpt of dialogue. It also points to the link between pre-therapy and psychoanalytic attachment theories. It is the author’s hope that readers will find useful inspiration for their own practice. This article briefly introduces Garry Prouty’s pre-therapy with people diagnosed with psychoses. It includes a short discussion of the theory of pre-therapy and illustrates the practice of pre-therapy with examples of “contact reflections” and an excerpt of dialogue. It also points to the link between pre-therapy and psychoanalytic attachment theories. It is the author’s hope that readers will find useful inspiration for their own practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 235-241 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.561496 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.561496 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:235-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Author-Name: Birgitta Alakare Author-X-Name-First: Birgitta Author-X-Name-Last: Alakare Author-Name: Jukka Aaltonen Author-X-Name-First: Jukka Author-X-Name-Last: Aaltonen Title: The Comprehensive Open-Dialogue Approach in Western Lapland: II. Long-term stability of acute psychosis outcomes in advanced community care Abstract: An open dialogue need-adapted approach was applied in Finnish Western Lapland by organizing three-year family therapy training for the entire staff, and by following the outcomes. Three inclusion periods of first-episode psychotic patients were compared. In a two-year follow-up of two consecutive periods during the 1990s (1992–3 and 1994–7) it was found that 81% of patients did not have any residual psychotic symptoms, and that 84% had returned to full-time employment or studies. Only 33% had used neuroleptic medication. A third inclusion period, covering 2003–2005, was organized to determine whether the outcomes were consistent 10 years after the preliminary period. Fewer schizophrenia psychotic patients emerged, and their mean age was significantly lower. Duration of untreated psychosis had shortened to three weeks and the outcomes remained as good as for the first two periods. It is therefore suggested that the new practice can be related to profound changes in the incidence of severe mental health problems. This is supported by the large number of local inhabitants participating in treatment meetings for crises. Professionals had learned to make early contact in the event of crisis, and by this means prevent problems from developing into more severe cases. An open dialogue need-adapted approach was applied in Finnish Western Lapland by organizing three-year family therapy training for the entire staff, and by following the outcomes. Three inclusion periods of first-episode psychotic patients were compared. In a two-year follow-up of two consecutive periods during the 1990s (1992–3 and 1994–7) it was found that 81% of patients did not have any residual psychotic symptoms, and that 84% had returned to full-time employment or studies. Only 33% had used neuroleptic medication. A third inclusion period, covering 2003–2005, was organized to determine whether the outcomes were consistent 10 years after the preliminary period. Fewer schizophrenia psychotic patients emerged, and their mean age was significantly lower. Duration of untreated psychosis had shortened to three weeks and the outcomes remained as good as for the first two periods. It is therefore suggested that the new practice can be related to profound changes in the incidence of severe mental health problems. This is supported by the large number of local inhabitants participating in treatment meetings for crises. Professionals had learned to make early contact in the event of crisis, and by this means prevent problems from developing into more severe cases. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 192-204 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.595819 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.595819 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:192-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Johan Cullberg Author-X-Name-First: Johan Author-X-Name-Last: Cullberg Title: Experiencing psychosis: personal and professional perspectives Journal: Psychosis Pages: 256-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.598368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.598368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:256-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jukka Aaltonen Author-X-Name-First: Jukka Author-X-Name-Last: Aaltonen Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Author-Name: Klaus Lehtinen Author-X-Name-First: Klaus Author-X-Name-Last: Lehtinen Title: The Comprehensive Open-Dialogue Approach in Western Lapland: I. The incidence of non-affective psychosis and prodromal states Abstract: Mental health services in a health district in Finland with a population of 72,000 were developed into a comprehensive family- and network-centered entity by giving all the psychiatric personnel training in family therapy or psychodynamic individual therapy, and by arranging a system in which all psychiatric crises were treated in a family- and network-centered manner by multidisciplinary crisis teams, mostly in the patient’s home. The system is a modification of the Need-Adapted Approach called the Open-Dialogue Approach (ODA). The changes in the incidence of first-contact non-affective psychoses and prodromal states were studied in two cities of the District, considering the five-year periods before and after the system was fully established. The mean annual incidence of schizophrenia decreased, brief psychotic reactions increased, and the incidence of schizophreniform psychoses and prodromal states did not change. The number of new long-stay schizophrenic hospital patients fell to zero. It can be argued that the ODA has been helpful, at least in moving the commencement of treatment in a less chronic direction. It may have even increased social capital in the entire psychiatric catchment area, and promote mutual trust between the general population and the psychiatric services. Mental health services in a health district in Finland with a population of 72,000 were developed into a comprehensive family- and network-centered entity by giving all the psychiatric personnel training in family therapy or psychodynamic individual therapy, and by arranging a system in which all psychiatric crises were treated in a family- and network-centered manner by multidisciplinary crisis teams, mostly in the patient’s home. The system is a modification of the Need-Adapted Approach called the Open-Dialogue Approach (ODA). The changes in the incidence of first-contact non-affective psychoses and prodromal states were studied in two cities of the District, considering the five-year periods before and after the system was fully established. The mean annual incidence of schizophrenia decreased, brief psychotic reactions increased, and the incidence of schizophreniform psychoses and prodromal states did not change. The number of new long-stay schizophrenic hospital patients fell to zero. It can be argued that the ODA has been helpful, at least in moving the commencement of treatment in a less chronic direction. It may have even increased social capital in the entire psychiatric catchment area, and promote mutual trust between the general population and the psychiatric services. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 179-191 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.601750 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.601750 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:179-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kellie Comans Author-X-Name-First: Kellie Author-X-Name-Last: Comans Title: Beyond psychiatry: understanding my own human experience Abstract: I now come from the very firm belief that people can and do recover, that people are not defined by illness or diagnosis. I also believe that we need to look at people as a whole. Two years ago, however, I was firmly convinced that I was defined by my illness and limited by my diagnosis. I was told I could not live the life that I wanted and that I would need medication forever. I was never told I could recover. My journey was not an easy one and there were many occasions when I wanted to give up. Throughout my journey I discovered the importance of understanding my human experience thus far and how past events and experiences have shaped me into the person I am today. The story of recovery is still not a common enough story, but the possibilities of recovery are endless! Recovery is much more than becoming stable; it’s about bettering who you are and finding meaning. Recovery was made possible for me by people having hope that I could find myself again; people seeing past the so-called illness and seeing something in me, something worthwhile. My story is common. It is not extraordinary in any way. I now come from the very firm belief that people can and do recover, that people are not defined by illness or diagnosis. I also believe that we need to look at people as a whole. Two years ago, however, I was firmly convinced that I was defined by my illness and limited by my diagnosis. I was told I could not live the life that I wanted and that I would need medication forever. I was never told I could recover. My journey was not an easy one and there were many occasions when I wanted to give up. Throughout my journey I discovered the importance of understanding my human experience thus far and how past events and experiences have shaped me into the person I am today. The story of recovery is still not a common enough story, but the possibilities of recovery are endless! Recovery is much more than becoming stable; it’s about bettering who you are and finding meaning. Recovery was made possible for me by people having hope that I could find myself again; people seeing past the so-called illness and seeing something in me, something worthwhile. My story is common. It is not extraordinary in any way. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 242-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.602101 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.602101 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:242-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Britmann Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Britmann Title: The centre cannot hold: My journey through madness Journal: Psychosis Pages: 258-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.602531 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.602531 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:258-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivan Urlić Author-X-Name-First: Ivan Author-X-Name-Last: Urlić Title: Psychological groupwork with acute psychiatric inpatients Journal: Psychosis Pages: 259-261 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.603212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.603212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:259-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Title: Psychosis as a personal crisis. An experience-based approach Journal: Psychosis Pages: 255-256 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2011.605595 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03634523.2011.605595 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:255-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Martindale Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Martindale Title: Murray Jackson (1922–2011) Journal: Psychosis Pages: 251-252 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.606914 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.606914 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:251-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Moskowitz Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Moskowitz Title: Voices, visions and differential diagnosis Abstract: This paper is in response to a previous Opinion Piece – “Psychosis, dissociation or delirium? Observations on the importance of differential diagnosis”. This paper is in response to a previous Opinion Piece – “Psychosis, dissociation or delirium? Observations on the importance of differential diagnosis”. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 248-250 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.607902 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.607902 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:248-250 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marjeta Pesek Author-X-Name-First: Marjeta Author-X-Name-Last: Pesek Title: The 17th ISPS International Congress: May 31st–June 4th, 2011 “” Journal: Psychosis Pages: 253-254 Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.608435 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.608435 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:253-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Psychosis Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 3 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.620839 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.620839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Majid M. Saleem Author-X-Name-First: Majid M. Author-X-Name-Last: Saleem Author-Name: Michael K. Harte Author-X-Name-First: Michael K. Author-X-Name-Last: Harte Author-Name: Kay M. Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Kay M. Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Author-Name: Andy Scally Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Scally Author-Name: Anita Brewin Author-X-Name-First: Anita Author-X-Name-Last: Brewin Author-Name: Jo C. Neill Author-X-Name-First: Jo C. Author-X-Name-Last: Neill Title: Positive effects of a novel cognitive remediation computer game (X-Cog) in first episode psychosis: a pilot study Abstract: Aim: Improved approaches to remediate cognitive deficits are needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a novel cognitive remediation (CR) game in first episode psychosis (FEP). Methods: Participants were 11 FEP clients in two treatment arms; CR and Treatment as Usual (TAU). Baseline assessments included pre-morbid IQ, symptoms and neurocognition. The CR group had 8 sessions of therapy in a group setting with the control group receiving TAU. Post intervention groups were re-assessed for symptoms and cognitive function. Results: There were no significant differences between groups at baseline in symptoms or cognitive function. Post intervention significant improvements were observed in negative symptoms and executive function along with a significant relationship between negative symptoms and executive function in the CR group. Conclusions: These data, from a small sample, suggest that X-Cog could form part of an effective strategy to remediate cognitive deficits. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 215-219 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.791876 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.791876 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:215-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Ellerby Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellerby Title: How compassion may help me Abstract: I have experienced psychosis for 20 years. The main symptoms are voices and delusions which interact and reinforce each other. I have written a lot about my illness over the years in a series of autobiograhical books called The Stages of Schizophrenia (Chipmunkapublishing 2007). I have had numerous medications including risperidone and clozapine as well as two years of cognitive behavioural therapy. In 2005 I relapsed and having tried many things already it was decided by my CPN to refer me to a more psychological approach and I quickly was nominated to meet a psychologist at my local (mental) hospital. I was told by the psychologist that I would be referred to group work entitled compassion-focused therapy. I wondered what that meant. It was explained that by developing compassion we can soothe the fear caused by schizophrenia. This has been a lengthy and ongoing process as I shall now describe. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 266-270 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.816338 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.816338 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:266-270 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Peter J. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Kerry Irving Author-X-Name-First: Kerry Author-X-Name-Last: Irving Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis: rationale and protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis Abstract: Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a recommended treatment for people with psychosis, with meta-analyses showing important benefits when compared to treatment as usual (TAU). However, there has been growing debate as to whether CBT has specific benefits over and above those attributable to less intensive psychosocial interventions, such as befriending and supportive counselling. Recent meta-analyses examining this question have suffered from various difficulties including potential bias and error. After detailing these problems, we present a protocol for a new review. Methods and design: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, previous reviews and online trial registers will be systematically searched for randomised trials examining the efficacy and safety of CBT for psychosis, when compared to (a) TAU and (b) other psychosocial treatments. Primary outcomes are symptomatic change and numbers achieving clinically significant improvement. Secondary outcomes include adverse effects, change in target complaint, subjectively defined recovery and relapse. Discussion: This review will provide service users, relatives and policy-makers with a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the efficacy and safety of CBT for psychosis. Advance publication and peer-review of hypotheses and methods should maximise transparency, enhancing the reliability and quality of the findings. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 220-230 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.825005 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.825005 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:220-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Iyoni Ranasinghe Author-X-Name-First: Iyoni Author-X-Name-Last: Ranasinghe Author-Name: Jacqueline Sin Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline Author-X-Name-Last: Sin Title: A systematic review of evidence-based treatment for individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and a suboptimal response to clozapine monotherapy Abstract: Background: Currently, only clozapine is licensed for ‘treatment-resistant schizophrenia’ (TRS). However, ad hoc clozapine augmentation strategies are frequently resorted to, without clear guideline from evidence-based medicine, for individuals with a suboptimal response to clozapine monotherapy.Aims: To identify the optimal evidence-based clozapine augmentation regime with either pharmacological or psychosocial interventions, or a combination of pharmacological and psychosocial approaches.Method: Systematic analysis of randomised controlled trials of clozapine monotherapy versus clozapine/adjunctive medication and clozapine/psychosocial adjunctive therapiesResults: No trial was identified investigating clozapine augmentation with both psychosocial and pharmacological strategies. Six trials investigating clozapine augmentation with various medication, such as Lamotrigine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole and Sulpiride, were identified. These trials reported some effects on overall symptoms. Two trials of clozaoine augmentation with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy found positive effects on overall mental state and discussed an improved quality of life. One trial on Occupational Therapy-clozapine augmentation reported improved occupational performance and interpersonal relationships.Conclusion: Our review findings suggest psychosocial intervention augmentations are potentially effective treatments for service users with TRS. Less conclusive results are identified from the many pharmacological augmentation strategies. Longer and larger trials are required to demonstrate long-term effects.Declaration of Interest: None Journal: Psychosis Pages: 253-265 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.830319 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.830319 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:253-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Anthony P Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: “It’s just a very taboo and secretive kind of thing”: making sense of living with stigma and discrimination from accounts of people with psychosis Abstract: Stigma is a common and pervasive problem for many people with psychosis. Much of the research examining internalised stigma has utilised quantitative methodology; however, it has been argued that to conceptualise experiences of psychosis, research should also attend to subjective experience. This study explores accounts of stigma from nine people with psychosis through semi-structured interviews that were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three super-ordinate themes of judgement, disclosure and psychological distress were identified. Analysis of the data found that stigma was experienced directly and indirectly through social judgements. In particular, it was considered that negative messages and the absence of positive images of psychosis in the media perpetuated social judgements. Difficulties were reported in relation to disclosure, including avoidance from others following disclosure and coping strategies to conceal experiences of psychosis. Ultimately, judgement and issues of disclosure had a negative impact on psychological well-being, either contributing to, or resulting in, psychological distress, including increased paranoia, anxiety and lowered self-esteem. Potential exits from the negative effects of stigma, including peer support, were identified in the data. Implications for future research and clinical practice, including interventions to reduce internalised stigma, are suggested. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 195-205 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.834458 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.834458 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:195-205 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Author-Name: Clara Strauss Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Strauss Author-Name: Neil Thomas Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas Title: Beyond the omnipotence of voices: further developing a relational approach to auditory hallucinations Abstract: Auditory hallucinations (“voices”) can be understood within a cognitive model whereby the beliefs an individual holds about their voices influences their level of distress and how they respond to them. Despite contributing greatly to interventions for voices, the cognitive model appears to have limitations due to its focus on dimensions of voice power and the relative neglect of beliefs about malevolence. In enhancing the impact of psychological intervention for voices, a potential direction is to seek the roots of beliefs about voices in developmental frameworks, such as attachment and interpersonal theories. In this theoretical and conceptual paper we will examine how a relational approach to conceptualising the interaction between a voice-hearer and their voice may be beneficial, how developmental factors such as attachment patterns may influence the type of relation a person has with their voices, and how either altering or attenuating one’s relationships with voices, as well as other people in one’s social word, may be clinically useful. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 242-252 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.839735 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.839735 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:242-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Problems with the psychosis section of DSM-5 Abstract: The psychosis section of DSM-5 contains a number of changes from DSM-IV. These are mostly minor and there is no reason to expect any significant change in diagnosis or treatment as a result of the changes in the diagnostic criteria or the text. The psychosis section of DSM-5 contains errors in logic, oversights, and inconsistencies, however, and these should be addressed in future editions of the manual. The definition of delusions and the difference between a delusion and an obsession are particularly problematic. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 235-241 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.839736 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.839736 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:235-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karen Cafferkey Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Cafferkey Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Title: Jumping to conclusions: the association between delusional ideation and reasoning biases in a healthy student population Abstract: Cognitive theorists have focused specifically on reasoning biases, in particular ‘Jumping to Conclusions’ (JTC), in an attempt to understand delusional experiences. The present study aimed to assess the association between the JTC reasoning bias and dimensions of delusional ideation among a sample of healthy undergraduate university students. Delusional ideation was assessed using the Peters Delusion Inventory (PDI-21). The JTC reasoning bias was assessed using two ratios of the Beads Task. The findings revealed that those participants who completed the 85:15 ratio beads task and who exhibited higher levels of delusional ideation did not demonstrate a JTC bias. However, participants who completed the more difficult 60:40 variant of the beads task and who exhibited higher levels of delusional ideation were more likely to demonstrate a JTC bias. JTC made a significant contribution to the total variance explained for the PDI Total, and each of the three subscales of the PDI. Healthy individuals display a tendency to ‘JTC’ and this is associated with delusional ideation, therefore representative of the continuum perspective, that these experiences are not confined to clinical populations. Implications of these findings and future directions for research in this area are also discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 206-214 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.850734 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.850734 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:206-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Inga Tidefors Author-X-Name-First: Inga Author-X-Name-Last: Tidefors Author-Name: Hans Arvidsson Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Arvidsson Author-Name: Elisabeth Olin Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Olin Title: Agreement between ratings from self-rating scales and assessments by staff concerning a group of ‘severely mentally ill’ people Abstract: Previous research shows generally low agreement concerning self-rating scales and assessments by staff regarding people considered to be ‘severely mentally ill’. The aims of this study were to measure the level of agreement between patients’ self-rating and key workers’ assessments, and to explore some of the factors that influence level of agreement. The results of questionnaires from 49 severely mentally ill persons concerning needs, therapeutic alliance, and self-esteem were compared with key workers’ estimates. Agreement was found regarding the number of unmet needs. Concerning met needs, therapeutic alliance and self-esteem, no significant agreements were found, however, for met needs, therapeutic alliance or self-esteem. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 231-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.864322 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.864322 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:231-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeremy Wallace Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace Title: The bitterest pills: the troubling story of antipsychotic drugs Journal: Psychosis Pages: 271-272 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.876093 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.876093 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:271-272 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eunsun Joo Author-X-Name-First: Eunsun Author-X-Name-Last: Joo Title: Surviving, Existing, or Living: Phase-specific therapy for severe psychosis Journal: Psychosis Pages: 272-273 Issue: 3 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.892526 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.892526 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:272-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicola Forsberg Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Forsberg Author-Name: Sara Tai Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Tai Author-Name: Yvonne Awenat Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne Author-X-Name-Last: Awenat Title: Clinician perspectives on supporting adults with psychosis who wish to discontinue neuroleptic medication: qualitative analysis Abstract: Purpose: Research consistently demonstrates that service-users perceive limited choice in whether neuroleptic medication should be dis- continued. Clinicians identify barriers to making shared decisions around medication; however, little is known about how clinical decisions are made regarding whether to support service-users in discontinuing neuroleptic medication. This study examined clinicians’ perspectives on supporting adults who wish to discontinue neuroleptic medication.Materials and Methods: Grounded theory was used to investigate the views and perspectives of clinicians by individual in-depth interviews.Results and Conclusions: A theoretical model (Figure 1) was developed depicting a complex process of decision-making for clinicians working with service-users wishing to discontinue neuroleptics. Decision-making was influenced by clinicians’ personal and professional experiences, and underpinned by their assessment of risk factors and anticipated prognoses for service- users wishing to discontinue neuroleptics. This determined whether clinicians adopted a collaborative or coercive communication style with service-users. Decisions to support discontinuation elicited a range of anxieties in clinicians, leading to actions focused on harm reduction. Decisions about neuroleptic discontinuation are subjective and dependent on clinicians’ previous experiences and judgements regarding potential risk factors. The development of national guidelines, training, resources and support services are required for clinicians to be able to effectively support service-users to discontinue neuroleptic medication. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 239-250 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1534880 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1534880 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:239-250 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emma Nolan Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Nolan Author-Name: Siobhan Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Siobhan Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Tara O’Neill Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: O’Neill Author-Name: James Houston Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Houston Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Title: Prevalence of psychotic-like experiences and associated distress in adolescent community, sexual-trauma and clinical samples Abstract: The current study sought to assess and compare the frequency of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and the associated levels of distress across three groups (adolescent community, sexual-trauma survivors, and a clinical group of participants with serious mental health problems). Participants completed a revised version of the adolescent psychotic-like symptom screener (APSS) that was adapted to include ratings of the degree of distress associated with each PLE. Results showed that the adolescent community sample was less likely to report PLEs and found them less distressing compared to the sexual-trauma survivors and clinical sample. Sexual-trauma survivors reported more frequent PLEs and found them more distressing than the adolescent community sample. The clinical sample consistently reported more PLEs than both the adolescent community and sexual-trauma sample, and was more likely to report PLEs as very distressing. The most distressing PLEs for the adolescent community sample was paranoia, for the sexual-trauma and clinical sample they were paranoia and auditory hallucinations. These results provide support for the cognitive approach to psychosis, add further support to the hypothesis of a psychosis continuum, and perhaps indirectly, provide evidence for a continuum of distress that maps onto an inferred continuum of risk. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 251-262 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1511745 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1511745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:251-262 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Topor Author-X-Name-First: Alain Author-X-Name-Last: Topor Author-Name: Claes-Göran Stefansson Author-X-Name-First: Claes-Göran Author-X-Name-Last: Stefansson Author-Name: Anne Denhov Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Denhov Author-Name: Per Bülow Author-X-Name-First: Per Author-X-Name-Last: Bülow Author-Name: Gunnel Andersson Author-X-Name-First: Gunnel Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Title: Institutional recovery: a 10-year follow-up of persons after their first psychosis diagnosis. A critical reflexive approach Abstract: Background: Despite repeated attempts, it has not been possible to reach a consensus on the definition of recovery. In this paper, we use the term “institutional recovery” and focus on the persons’ use of services.Aim: What type of services were used by men and women who were diagnosed for the first time with psychosis? How did different cut-offs of length of follow up influence the findings?Method: Interventions for 386 persons diagnosed for the first time with psychosis were followed up for 10 years. Data were collected from registers covering psychiatric and social work services and prisons.Results: Results varied according to cut-off. Nevertheless, even using the higher cut-off, fifty-five percent of the persons had no stay in 24/7 institutions during the follow-up’s last 5 years. More than 40% had only community-based treatment and support. Fifteen percent had no interventions at all. A 2-year cut-off doubled the percentage of persons with no interventions. No statistically significant gender differences were found.Conclusions: Institutional recovery could be a useful recovery measure. However, the results from different studies are dictated by choices made by the research team, which should be clarified and discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 263-274 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1511746 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1511746 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:263-274 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bouvet Cyrille Author-X-Name-First: Bouvet Author-X-Name-Last: Cyrille Author-Name: Petot Jean-Michel Author-X-Name-First: Petot Author-X-Name-Last: Jean-Michel Author-Name: Diot Elise Author-X-Name-First: Diot Author-X-Name-Last: Elise Author-Name: Ettaher Nadia Author-X-Name-First: Ettaher Author-X-Name-Last: Nadia Author-Name: Ozanne Christophe Hasan Author-X-Name-First: Ozanne Christophe Author-X-Name-Last: Hasan Title: From medical insight to narrative insight: insight as a support for the therapeutic relationship Abstract: The concept of insight in psychiatry (“medical insight”) rests on a medical definition. The results obtained under this conception are difficult to interpret. The objective of this study is to show that participants diagnosed with schizophrenic and schizoaffective disorders (S/SD) have an awareness of their difficulties that is both greater than and different from that which is assessed by a medical insight scale. We recruited 50 participants diagnosed with S/SD and 90 non-patients. All participants were administered a general psychopathology scale (the SCL-90-R). Participants with S/SD were also administered an expert rating scale for depression (CDSS) and an insight scale (Insight Q8). The participants with S/SD had little or no medical insight according to the Insight Q8. But depression as assessed by self-rating was strong correlated to an expert rating of depression, and participants with S/SD scored significantly higher on the general psychopathology scale than controls. Participants with S/SD are more aware of their difficulties than the insight scale indicates. The medical conception implicit in the scale does not leave room for the patients’ own explanatory models. The notion of subjective narrative insight may allow us to renew both the concept of insight and its role in psychiatry. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 275-285 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1522539 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1522539 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:275-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: Philip Hyland Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Hyland Author-Name: Mogens Christoffersen Author-X-Name-First: Mogens Author-X-Name-Last: Christoffersen Author-Name: Ask Elklit Author-X-Name-First: Ask Author-X-Name-Last: Elklit Author-Name: Richard Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Title: Reconsidering the association between psychosis and suicide: a suicidal drive hypothesis Abstract: Suicidal ideation/behaviour (SIB) and psychosis are highly associated phenomena. We propose that psychosis, for some, may be consequential to SIB. More specifically we hypothesise that psychosis may serve to externalise internally generated and self-directed threat among those experiencing SIB. Using prospective data from a Danish population cohort, we first sought to test the temporal occurrence of suicidal behaviour and psychotic disorder. Next, using cross-sectional epidemiological survey data (UK), we sought to demonstrate that psychotic experiences (PEs) were more commonly reported by those who experienced SIB and that the strength of the association varied according to (i) SIB recency and (ii) severity. Chi-square comparison tests on the Danish data revealed that suicidal behaviour was statistically more likely to precede (41.4%) rather than follow psychotic disorder (20.7%). Regression analyses of the UK data indicated that individuals who thought about suicide in their lifetime were up to eight times more likely to experience specific PEs while those who thought about and attempted suicide in their lifetime and in the year of assessment were up to 48 times more likely to experience PEs, compared to SIB free members of the population. The findings provide preliminary support for a novel suicidal drive hypothesis for psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 286-297 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1522541 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1522541 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:286-297 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Hargreaves Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hargreaves Author-Name: R. Dillon Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Dillon Author-Name: M. Castorina Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Castorina Author-Name: E. Furey Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Furey Author-Name: J. Walsh Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh Author-Name: B. Fitzmaurice Author-X-Name-First: B. Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzmaurice Author-Name: B. Hallahan Author-X-Name-First: B. Author-X-Name-Last: Hallahan Author-Name: A. Corvin Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Corvin Author-Name: I. Robertson Author-X-Name-First: I. Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson Author-Name: G. Donohoe Author-X-Name-First: G. Author-X-Name-Last: Donohoe Title: Predictors of adherence to low support, computerised, cognitive remediation training in psychosis Abstract: Aim: To 1) establish adherence rates to a computerised, low support cognitive remediation (CR) training programme and 2) delineate clinical, cognitive and psychological factors that predict adherence to CR.Method: A total of 48 participants with psychosis were asked to complete eight weeks of CR training following a comprehensive baseline assessment including clinical, cognitive and psychological factors. Rates of adherence were analysed and factors predicting adherence were established.Results: 54.4% of participants completed a meaningful amount of CR training (>300 min) and five key variables were observed to correlate with adherence: Full Scale IQ, age of onset of illness, positive symptoms (SAPS), therapeutic alliance (WAI) and computer literacy. WAI and SAPS were shown to be the most important of those factors; combined they explained 25.7% of variance in adherence, 20.1% of which was accounted for by WAI alone.Discussion: The current study provides a patient profile of those most likely to adhere to low-support CR. It also highlights the importance of the therapeutic alliance, despite the majority of training occurring in the absence of a therapist. As such, it may well be the quality of the alliance, and not the quantity of contact, that best predicts intervention adherence and success. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 298-306 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1522542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1522542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:298-306 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah R. Kamens Author-X-Name-First: Sarah R. Author-X-Name-Last: Kamens Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Author-Name: Emily Hyun Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Hyun Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Jill G. Morawski Author-X-Name-First: Jill G. Author-X-Name-Last: Morawski Author-Name: Matthew M. Kurtz Author-X-Name-First: Matthew M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kurtz Author-Name: Jessica Pollard Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard Author-Name: Gerrit Ian van Schalkwyk Author-X-Name-First: Gerrit Author-X-Name-Last: Ian van Schalkwyk Author-Name: Vinod Srihari Author-X-Name-First: Vinod Author-X-Name-Last: Srihari Title: The duration of untreated psychosis: a phenomenological study Abstract: Mounting evidence has indicated that early intervention leads to improved clinical and functional outcomes for young persons experiencing recent onset psychosis. As part of a large early detection campaign, the present study aimed to investigate subjective experiences during the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), or time between psychosis onset and treatment contact. Participants were 10 young adults participating in early intervention services for psychosis. After DUP was estimated during standardized baseline assessment, participants engaged in qualitative interviews focused on their life experiences prior to treatment and leading up to the present. Mixed methods data analyses compared standardized DUP estimates with participants’ subjective narratives. Findings revealed that participants experienced and conceptualized a longer trajectory of subjective difficulties (TSD) beginning before and extending beyond standardized DUP estimates. Participants emphasized striving for independence and social belonging. The majority of participants reported benefiting from their current services and believed that earlier support of some kind would have been beneficial. These findings support previous research on subjective barriers to early detection and treatment seeking in young adults experiencing psychosis. Implications and future research directions include further efforts to differentiate the struggles unique to early psychosis from psychosocial risk factors and other challenges of young adulthood. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 307-318 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1524924 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1524924 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:307-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huw Green Author-X-Name-First: Huw Author-X-Name-Last: Green Author-Name: Lori Hauser Author-X-Name-First: Lori Author-X-Name-Last: Hauser Author-Name: Vitaliy Troyakov Author-X-Name-First: Vitaliy Author-X-Name-Last: Troyakov Title: Are delusions beliefs? A qualitative examination of the doxastic features of delusions Abstract: There is extensive debate about whether delusions are best considered beliefs. This debate is seldom addressed by clinicians though it bears on how delusions are conceived, managed and treated. Little empirical work exists to address this issue. This study explored whether individuals with first hand experiences of delusions spoke about those ideas in ways that were consistent with their being beliefs. Seventeen individuals identified as experiencing, or having experienced, delusions were recruited for a semi-structured interview. Responses to the interview were read and coded by two raters in terms of criteria relevant to whether a mental state is a belief. The majority of delusions examined here were spoken about as though they were beliefs. Most participants believed other things that were consistent with the delusions, attempted to defend their delusions with evidence, had frequently acted on their delusions and provided reasons for holding them. However, there was some variation in the extent to which this was the case. This study provides tentative support for the claim that some delusions are beliefs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 319-328 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1528298 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1528298 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:319-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nardus Saayman Author-X-Name-First: Nardus Author-X-Name-Last: Saayman Title: Psychoanalytic psychotherapists’ experiences of disturbance in response to working with psychosis Abstract: Working therapeutically with people who experience psychosis can be demanding, confusing and even terrifying for psychotherapists, yet there is very little research that has systematically investigated the experiences of psychotherapists concerning their engagement with psychotic phenomena. Theoretically, it has been proposed that managing countertransferential responses to a patient’s psychosis is a crucial component of working psychoanalytically with such conditions. In light of this theoretical premise, the study reported upon in this article investigated some of the negative countertransferential dynamics observed by psychotherapists who engage in clinical work with patients presenting with psychotic states or conditions. Focused semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapists. Two core themes emerging from the study are discussed: firstly, the psychotherapist’s experience of madness; and secondly, the role of the body and somatic communication. The themes convey important aspects of countertransferential experiences related to the therapeutic encounter with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 329-339 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1534879 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1534879 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:329-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jay A. Hamm Author-X-Name-First: Jay A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hamm Author-Name: Bethany L. Leonhardt Author-X-Name-First: Bethany L. Author-X-Name-Last: Leonhardt Author-Name: Jeremy Ridenour Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy Author-X-Name-Last: Ridenour Author-Name: John T. Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: John T. Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Author-Name: Paul H. Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Title: Phenomenological and recovery models of the subjective experience of psychosis: discrepancies and implications for treatment Abstract: Reductionist models of schizophrenia and psychosis have been criticized for neglecting first person experiences of these conditions. In response, at least two distinct bodies of research have emerged which study first person experience: philosophical phenomenology and approaches linked with the recovery movement. Phenomenological writings have produced a conceptual model of schizophrenia referred to as the ipseity disturbance model, whereas the recovery writings generalize from common and diverse experiences of movements toward well-being. Phenomenological writings focus on how lived experience in psychosis deviates from health whereas recovery writings concentrate on lived experience amid a return to health. These differences make it difficult to see how the two approaches might be integrated to inform treatment. To explore how these views diverge and potentially could converge we carefully examine major tenets in each body of literature and offer future roads which may provide opportunities for reconciliation among each perspective’s important contributions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 340-350 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1522540 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1522540 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:340-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Edward McDonnell Author-X-Name-First: Peter Edward Author-X-Name-Last: McDonnell Title: My experiences of psychosis and what caused it; my experiences with mental health services and other things that helped or hindered my journey Abstract: This brief account is aimed at shedding some light on the cognitive processes involved with bringing about my psychosis, or put more simply – how I got ill. I have included as much description of my thought processes as is possible in this limited space. It is also a short look at parts of my journey towards recovery. To help clarify what I was going through and the “personality” of my psychosis, I candidly discuss how my mental illness affected my behaviour. I hope that my discussion about my thought processes can help people to understand a bit more about the workings of psychosis, which can be a rare thing as often people find it hard to share the face of their psychotic illness, because of stigma/embarrassment, lack of insight/understanding, and because the words can be extremely hard to find. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 351-355 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1484507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1484507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:351-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Inês Varregoso Author-X-Name-First: Inês Author-X-Name-Last: Varregoso Author-Name: Inês Souto Braz Author-X-Name-First: Inês Souto Author-X-Name-Last: Braz Author-Name: Felicity Fanning Author-X-Name-First: Felicity Author-X-Name-Last: Fanning Author-Name: Mary Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Mary Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Title: Early intervention in psychosis. Should we broaden the scope for action throughout the age span? Abstract: Early intervention for psychosis (EIP) programmes have attracted significant interest over the last three decades. It is generally agreed these initiatives are important, with demonstrated improvements in recovery rates and cost effectiveness. EIP programmes were originally designed with a youth focus, however it is known that psychosis presents across the age span and impacts at all life stages. These facts, added to the statistics on world ageing, justify rethinking whether EIP programmes are required across a broader age range. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 356-358 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1538384 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1538384 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:356-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Author-Name: Andrew W. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Andrew W. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Genome-wide association studies in schizophrenia: why they cannot yield meaningful results Journal: Psychosis Pages: 359-360 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1515242 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1515242 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:359-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Title: Asylum Journal: Psychosis Pages: 361-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1449886 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1449886 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:361-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Stastny Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Stastny Title: Ttrauma and madness in mental health services Journal: Psychosis Pages: 362-363 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1522543 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1522543 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:362-363 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Psychosis Pages: 364-364 Issue: 4 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1547518 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1547518 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:364-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Garrett Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett Author-Name: Anthony O. Ahmed Author-X-Name-First: Anthony O. Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed Author-Name: Christina Athineos Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Athineos Author-Name: Lisa Cruz Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz Author-Name: Kelly Harris Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: Jill Del Pozzo Author-X-Name-First: Jill Author-X-Name-Last: Del Pozzo Author-Name: Victoria Forster Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Forster Author-Name: Juan Gallego Author-X-Name-First: Juan Author-X-Name-Last: Gallego Title: Identifying psychological resistances to using logic in cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) that limit successful outcomes for patients Abstract: The small to modest effect sizes of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) invite the question, do some treatments not succeed because patients mobilize psychological resistances to treatment that limit outcomes? This paper identifies 10 psychological resistances to CBTp, 7 that undermine the use of logic when examining delusional beliefs, and 3 best considered from a psychodynamic viewpoint. Resistances to progress in CBTp defined in the paper include logic evasion, logic monopolizing, logic blinding, logic partitioning, equivocation, reactive reassertion, feeling-percept fusion, mind-guarding, peripheral preoccupation, and external expectancy. When therapists recognize the operation of these defenses, they may aim to diminish their impact on the treatment. Ways the therapist might address these resistances in psychotherapy are suggested. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 287-297 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1632377 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1632377 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:287-297 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy H. Stevens Author-X-Name-First: Lucy H. Author-X-Name-Last: Stevens Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Author-Name: Laura Drage Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Drage Author-Name: Tony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Author-Name: Steven Muncer Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Muncer Author-Name: Helen M. Spencer Author-X-Name-First: Helen M. Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer Author-Name: Robert Dudley Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley Title: Investigation of a traumatic psychosis subgroup: a cluster analysis of an antipsychotic free cohort. Abstract: Childhood trauma is linked to an increased risk of developing psychosis in adulthood. The extent and severity of trauma experienced is known to correlate with the intensity or presence of specific psychotic symptoms. The relative impact of types of abuse and neglect (sexual, physical, emotional) is unknown. Cluster analysis was used to create natural groupings of similarity based on Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Scores (CTQ) in a sub-sample of 51 anti-psychotic-free patients with diagnoses of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders from the ACTION trial. The derived clusters were compared on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. Two clusters emerged: one characterized by abuse and the other by neglect. The abuse group was found to have significantly higher positive symptoms scores (p < 0.05). This is the first investigation of this concept in an un-medicated cohort that distinguished between trauma types using natural groupings in the data, and therefore, a more ecologically valid means of exploring the existence of a traumatic psychosis subgroup. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 298-307 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1628290 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1628290 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:298-307 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leanne Bogen-Johnston Author-X-Name-First: Leanne Author-X-Name-Last: Bogen-Johnston Author-Name: Richard deVisser Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: deVisser Author-Name: Clara Strauss Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Strauss Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Title: “It’s just a bit like a rollercoaster”: a longitudinal qualitative study exploring a model of the phases of voice hearing Abstract: Background: Existing models of the phases of hearing distressing voices have relied upon data from cross-sectional designs and the retrospective accounts of hearers. There is a need for a longitudinal study to examine the phases of voice hearing over time.Methods: A longitudinal, mixed-methods design was used. Stage 1 - semi-structured interviews were conducted at nine monthly intervals at four time-points with voice hearers (n = 12) from Early Intervention in Psychosis Services. Data were Thematically Analysed. Stage 2 – findings were mapped onto an integrated model of voice hearing.Results: Stage 1 analysis generated higher-order themes: “Common Pathway”, “Voices Stop”, “Voices Continue but Beliefs Change”, and “Voices Continue but Beliefs do not Change”. Stage 2 analysis generated a potential framework for a revised model of voice hearing over time with three novel sub-group pathways.Conclusions: Findings suggested three novel sub-group pathways. Beliefs about voices influenced the course of voice hearing. Changes in beliefs were associated with acceptance, meaning-making and recovery: whereas beliefs that did not change were associated with ongoing voice-related distress. Findings highlight the importance of therapeutic conversations in supporting hearers to explore their experiences with voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 308-318 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1632375 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1632375 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:308-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura A. Faith Author-X-Name-First: Laura A. Author-X-Name-Last: Faith Author-Name: Jen O. Collins Author-X-Name-First: Jen O. Author-X-Name-Last: Collins Author-Name: Jenna Decker Author-X-Name-First: Jenna Author-X-Name-Last: Decker Author-Name: Amber Grove Author-X-Name-First: Amber Author-X-Name-Last: Grove Author-Name: Stephen P. Jarvis Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Jarvis Author-Name: Melisa V. Rempfer Author-X-Name-First: Melisa V. Author-X-Name-Last: Rempfer Title: Experiences of empowerment in a community cognitive enhancement therapy program: an exploratory qualitative study Abstract: Objective: Empowerment is an important component of many recovery-oriented treatments for people diagnosed with psychosis. Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) is an efficacious rehabilitation program targeting social and neuro- cognition, but secondary recovery benefits are unknown. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine experiences of empowerment among CET participants.Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 participants diagnosed with psychotic disorders. Interview transcripts were analyzed by three independent coders using thematic analysis.Results: Four themes consistent with empowerment theory emerged: (1) Peer support; (2) Optimism and control over the future; (3) Power; and (4) Self-esteem.Conclusions: Findings from this exploratory study suggest that experiences of empowerment are a measurable component of CET. Findings highlight opportunities to measure and target empowerment within cognitive rehabilitation and other recovery-oriented interventions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 319-330 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1632920 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1632920 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:319-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Timo Hennig Author-X-Name-First: Timo Author-X-Name-Last: Hennig Title: Shame triggers paranoid symptoms in adolescents with elevated psychosis proneness Abstract: Paranoia is common in psychotic disorders, tends to cause suffering, and is difficult to successfully treat. Knowledge about causes and precursors of paranoia is needed to enable prevention. Theoretical models stress the significance of negative affect in the emergence of paranoia. Experimental research is needed to test these assumptions. It was expected that shame as a specific negative emotion would trigger paranoid symptoms, especially in adolescents with elevated psychosis proneness. In an experimental online study, 297 adolescents from the general population (14–17 years) were randomly assigned to a shame induction versus comparison condition. The induction successfully induced shame, but there were no differences between the groups in paranoid symptoms. However, there was a significant indirect effect from the induction on paranoid symptoms through shame but not through any of the other investigated affective states (anxiety, sadness, happiness, anger). As expected, psychosis proneness served as a moderator. Among participants with elevated psychosis proneness (n = 115), paranoid symptoms were higher in the shame group than in the comparison group (d = 0.37, p = .048). Results imply that shame triggers paranoid symptoms in adolescents with elevated psychosis proneness. If further corroborated, shame and how to deal with it could be worthy targets of interventions to prevent paranoia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 331-341 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1634125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1634125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:331-341 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tara Hickey Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey Author-Name: Emily Pen Name Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Pen Name Author-Name: Barnaby Nelson Author-X-Name-First: Barnaby Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: Graham Meadows Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Meadows Title: Mindfulness and compassion for youth with psychotic symptoms: A description of a group program and a consumer’s experience Abstract: An 8-week mindfulness and compassion program was developed for youth at risk for, or already experiencing, psychosis, based on UK national guidelines for developing interventions. The aim of this paper is to provide a program description and first hand account of a participant’s experience.First, mindfulness skills are taught. Next an emotional regulation model is introduced, to help participants understand how psychotic experiences, anxiety and depression contribute to a heightened threat system, and how compassion can help them. The program contains meditations (e.g. breath practice, compassionate friend) and practices for use in daily life (e.g. STOP practice).The second author found mindfulness allowed her to feel and acknowledge her experience and give her emotions the recognition they needed. Being self-compassionate was a new concept, which at times was challenging but helped her realize her emotions were normal and she could manage difficult emotions using soothing practices. Furthermore, being part of a group helped her realize she was not alone.Mindfulness and compassion skills can be helpful for youth with psychotic experiences. A group program can provide a safe place to share experiences and reduce isolation. An evaluation of the program will be the focus of future papers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 342-349 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1639800 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1639800 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:342-349 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elina Baker Author-X-Name-First: Elina Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Author-Name: Ruth Gwernan-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Ruth Author-X-Name-Last: Gwernan-Jones Author-Name: Nicky Britten Author-X-Name-First: Nicky Author-X-Name-Last: Britten Author-Name: Cathy McCabe Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: McCabe Author-Name: Laura Gill Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Gill Author-Name: Richard Byng Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Byng Author-Name: Linda Gask Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Gask Title: Using interpersonal process recall to understand empowerment processes in a collaborative care intervention for people with a diagnosis of psychosis Abstract: Evaluation of recovery-focused interventions for people with psychosis may be enhanced by the use of Interpersonal Process Recall (IPR). The aim of this study was to examine whether the inclusion of IPR alongside semi-structured interviews in the formative evaluation of a novel collaborative care intervention increased understanding about both practitioner and service user experiences. It also explored the impact of the IPR process on participants. Four service users and the practitioner delivering the intervention participated in semi-structured interviews and an adapted IPR process. The themes identified from different data sources were systematically compared using framework analysis. Semi-structured interviews indicated that the intervention was operating as intended but IPR data revealed exceptions. Practitioner IPR interviews identified practitioner barriers to delivery and fostered critical self-reflection. Service user IPR interviews facilitated critical feedback but also caused some distress. Interviews gave more information about organisational level contextual factors. IPR increased understanding of how the intervention was being delivered and experienced. IPR should be used alongside other forms of qualitative data collection. The potential of IPR to impact on intervention delivery should be taken into account. Further research is needed to establish for whom IPR is likely to be most effective. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 350-361 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1640274 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1640274 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:350-361 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Author-Name: Donncha Hanna Author-X-Name-First: Donncha Author-X-Name-Last: Hanna Author-Name: Ciaran Mulholland Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Mulholland Author-Name: Ciaran Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Callum Urquhart Author-X-Name-First: Callum Author-X-Name-Last: Urquhart Title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of digital health technologies effects on psychotic symptoms in adults with psychosis. Abstract: Objective: To conduct a systematic review of controlled studies to determine the effect of digital health technologies on psychotic symptoms.Method: Electronic databases were searched up to March 2019. A narrative synthesis and meta-analyses of subcategories were completed.Results: Twenty-one articles met inclusion criteria, covering three DHT types: avatar therapy, phone apps and computer-assisted cognitive remediation (CACR). In the latter, psychotic symptoms were secondary outcomes and only one of nine CACR studies demonstrated an effect on these symptoms. All four of the avatar trials and one of three phone app studies provided preliminary evidence of effectiveness in reducing psychotic symptoms.Conclusion: Although effectiveness of DHTs for reducing psychotic symptoms cannot yet be conclusively established, the emerging literature suggests that DHTs using immersive avatar therapy holds most promise. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 362-373 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1632376 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1632376 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:362-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Son Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Son Title: My diagnosis, a label Abstract: A mental health diagnosis is more than a classification of condition. Psychiatric diagnoses are hurtful labels. Although the DSM-5 provides diagnoses for all psychiatric and mental health experiences, it does not consider the harm of labeling individuals with these so-called chronic diseases, most of which are mysteriously understood, given their inconclusive etiology. Most argue the present psychiatric nosology is functional only, that is, it holds utility but not validity. If a system of classification is to work effectively and successfully over time, it must have both utility and validity, and validity must precede utility. In this first-person narrative, I give my testimony of the hurt that is derived from a psychiatric diagnosis. Diagnoses are labels that are stigmatizing, disempowering, and marginalizing to a growing segment of society. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 374-377 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1622766 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1622766 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:374-377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingo Lambrecht Author-X-Name-First: Ingo Author-X-Name-Last: Lambrecht Title: Psychodynamische Psychosen-Psychotherapie und sozialpsychiatrische Behandlung der Psychosen. Beiträge der deutschsprachigen Sektion der International Society for Psychological and Social Approaches to Psychosis (ISPS-Germany) With English abstracts Journal: Psychosis Pages: 378-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1634126 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1634126 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:378-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cath Roper Author-X-Name-First: Cath Author-X-Name-Last: Roper Title: Health and safety for spirit seers, telepaths and visionaries Journal: Psychosis Pages: 379-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1652844 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1652844 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:379-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Twylla Cunningham Author-X-Name-First: Twylla Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham Author-Name: Ciaran Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Ivor Crothers Author-X-Name-First: Ivor Author-X-Name-Last: Crothers Author-Name: Katrina Hoy Author-X-Name-First: Katrina Author-X-Name-Last: Hoy Author-Name: Carly Fitzsimmons Author-X-Name-First: Carly Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzsimmons Author-Name: Riona McCann Author-X-Name-First: Riona Author-X-Name-Last: McCann Author-Name: John O’Hare Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: O’Hare Author-Name: Ciaran Mulholland Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Mulholland Title: Enquiring about traumatic experiences in psychosis: A comparison of case notes and self-report questionnaires Abstract: Purpose: Studies have found an association between a history of trauma and the presence of psychotic symptoms. Despite the research evidence it appears to be the case that many clinicians are not routinely asking about traumatic experiences. This study aims to ascertain the level of agreement between rates of self-reported trauma and that which is recorded in case notes.Methods: The study population was drawn from all individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of psychosis, residing within a defined catchment area. Rates of childhood trauma, lifetime trauma and trauma related to the Troubles in Northern Ireland recorded in participants’ case notes were compared to their responses on self-report questionnaires: THQ, CTQ and TREQ.Results: Relatively high levels of trauma were reported by participants on the self-report measures that were administered. The rates of trauma recorded in case note records were similar to that found in other studies. Also in line with other research were poor levels of agreement between self-report and case note data.Conclusion: High levels of lifetime, childhood and trauma related to the Troubles in Northern Ireland were found when the individuals in the sample were directly assessed for the purposes of this study. In contrast much lower rates were recorded in patient notes on routine clinical assessment. The results suggest that clinicians do not routinely enquire about trauma histories with this population and as a result, case notes underestimate trauma prevalence. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 301-310 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1115542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1115542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:301-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diana Stovell Author-X-Name-First: Diana Author-X-Name-Last: Stovell Author-Name: Alison Wearden Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Wearden Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Author-Name: Paul Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Title: Service users’ experiences of the treatment decision-making process in psychosis: A phenomenological analysis Abstract: Objectives: We aimed to explore the treatment decision-making experiences of individuals with psychosis, and their implications for increasing service users’ autonomy through clinical practice and research.Design: A qualitative design was used to explore in depth service users’ experiences of treatment decision-making.Method: People with non-affective psychosis took part in semi-structured interviews that sought to elicit rich descriptions of their subjective experiences of treatment decision-making encounters. These were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).Results: The interviews of seven service users with multiple experiences of treatment for psychosis were analysed. Four themes emerged around influences on treatment decision-making: (1) a need to feel listened to; (2) psychotic experiences, treatment and stigma; (3) communication and support; (4) differing conceptions of recovery. There was an over-arching theme of empowerment.Conclusions: Influences on participants’ empowerment emerged at multiple levels, from their sense of self-worth to prevailing social constructions around psychosis. Service users’ participation in decision-making about treatment for psychosis might be enhanced where clinicians are able to pay close attention to disempowering aspects of their experience. The development of more comprehensive models of decisional capacity may support this endeavour. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 311-323 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1145730 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1145730 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:311-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Mona Shattell Author-X-Name-First: Mona Author-X-Name-Last: Shattell Author-Name: Timothy Kelly Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly Author-Name: Robyn Brown Author-X-Name-First: Robyn Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: LaVome Robinson Author-X-Name-First: LaVome Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Author-Name: Richard Renfro Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Renfro Author-Name: Barbara Harris Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: Tanya Marie Luhrmann Author-X-Name-First: Tanya Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Luhrmann Title: “Did I push myself over the edge?”: Complications of agency in psychosis onset and development Abstract: Objective: To investigate the subjective experience of agency in the onset and early development of psychosis.Method: We conducted 19 in-depth interviews with a sample of individuals with self-reported diagnoses of schizophrenia and/or affective psychosis. Interviews focused on participants’ experiences of agency and control in the onset and development of positive psychotic symptoms. Interviews were coded and transcripts analyzed by service-user researchers.Results: The majority of participants reported multiple ways in which they experienced their own agency or intentionality as involved in the initial onset of psychosis, in self-conscious engagement with symptom structure and content, and in their elaboration and development. For many, the moral implications of these felt experiences were considerable, at times leading to shame or guilt.Conclusion: Clinical accounts often stress the imposed, involuntary experience of symptoms and onset. Our project suggests that at least a subset of subjects with psychosis instead experience themselves as partly or fully “responsible” for onset, and actively involved in the shaping and elaboration of positive symptoms. In both clinical practice and future research, we argue that such complications should be explored and grappled with rather than downplayed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 324-335 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1150501 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1150501 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:324-335 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cherise Rosen Author-X-Name-First: Cherise Author-X-Name-Last: Rosen Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Kayla A. Chase Author-X-Name-First: Kayla A. Author-X-Name-Last: Chase Author-Name: Hannah Gin Author-X-Name-First: Hannah Author-X-Name-Last: Gin Author-Name: Linda S. Grossman Author-X-Name-First: Linda S. Author-X-Name-Last: Grossman Author-Name: Rajiv P. Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Rajiv P. Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: The intrasubjectivity of self, voices and delusions: A phenomenological analysis Abstract: To advance the area of phenomenology of voices and their interrelatedness to forms of delusions, this study investigated the prevalence and interrelatedness of co-occurring auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) and delusions. Additionally, we explored the characterization of distinct subcategories/clusters of AVHs and delusions. Ninety-two participants experiencing psychosis were administered standardized clinical measures. We found a significant diagnostic difference with increased prevalence of co-occurring AVHs and delusions within the schizophrenia group compared to the bipolar with psychosis group. Regardless of diagnosis, there was a significant positive correlation between AVHs and delusions of reference, persecution, control, thought insertion, thought withdrawal and thought broadcasting. However, no significant relationship was found between AVHs and grandiose, somatic, religious, guilty or jealousy-themed delusions. Cluster analysis yielded two distinct cluster groups. Cluster One: Voices and Thought Delusions, and Cluster Two: Voices and Thematic Delusions. Cluster One participants showed elevated disorganized, cognitive and depressive symptoms, but not negative symptoms or excitement. This study underscores the need for expanded clinical and phenomenological research into the intersection of AVHs and delusions, including work that seeks to deconstruct conventional divisions between ostensible symptoms of perception (hallucinations) and belief (delusions). Journal: Psychosis Pages: 357-368 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1162839 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1162839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:357-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kyle Arnold Author-X-Name-First: Kyle Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: Is delusional imperviousness a backfire effect of being disbelieved? Abstract: A central problem of delusions is their imperviousness to counterargument. Although several existing theories account for aspects of delusional imperviousness, they omit the context of social interactions in which it occurs. Delusions elicit a specific and powerful social response from others: disbelief. Recent research has identified a backfire effect that happens when efforts to correct false beliefs strengthen, rather than weaken, conviction in those beliefs. It is proposed that delusional imperviousness is a special case of a backfire effect, in which repeated efforts to correct delusions paradoxically strengthen them. Delusions become impervious because they are strengthened by the counterarguments they elicit in others. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 369-371 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1166515 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1166515 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:369-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Topor Author-X-Name-First: Alain Author-X-Name-Last: Topor Author-Name: Ingemar Ljungqvist Author-X-Name-First: Ingemar Author-X-Name-Last: Ljungqvist Author-Name: Eva-Lena Strandberg Author-X-Name-First: Eva-Lena Author-X-Name-Last: Strandberg Title: The costs of friendship: severe mental illness, poverty and social isolation Abstract: Background: The relationship between severe mental illness, poverty and social isolation has been explored in a number of studies.Aim: The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between financial strain and social isolation.Methods: Sixteen persons with severe mental illness were interviewed about their experience of having a severe mental illness, living in poverty and the effect these circumstances had on their social relationships. The interviews were analysed according to thematic analysis.Results: The overarching theme was “the cost of having friends”; it consisted of five categories: the loss of friends; making do without friends; dependence on friends and family; supported socialisation; and money as an aid to recovery. The participants experienced a connection between their financial circumstances, their social relationships and their lack of initiative in maintaining and developing a social network.Conclusions: The results underline the importance of considering the person in his/her social context in order to avoid the risk of interpreting rational strategies for coping as psychiatric symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 336-345 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1167947 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1167947 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:336-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Suzanne Heffernan Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Heffernan Author-Name: Sandra Neil Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Neil Author-Name: Yvonne Thomas Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas Author-Name: Stephen Weatherhead Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Weatherhead Title: Religion in the recovery journey of individuals with experience of psychosis Abstract: This study investigated the role of religion in recovery from psychosis. Semi-structured interviews explored the experiences of ten participants. Data analysis was informed by social constructionist grounded theory. Several processes through which religion may influence recovery were identified: use of scriptures and rituals; a genuine connection with God; the struggle to maintain rituals; guidelines for living; choice and control; relating to others; enhancing psychological well-being; and making sense of experiences. Implications are that services should address religious needs in promoting recovery. This could be achieved through environmental adaptations, collaboration with religious representatives and incorporation of religion into psychotherapeutic approaches. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 346-356 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1172334 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1172334 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:346-356 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wilma Boevink Author-X-Name-First: Wilma Author-X-Name-Last: Boevink Author-Name: Hans Kroon Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Kroon Author-Name: Maaike van Vugt Author-X-Name-First: Maaike Author-X-Name-Last: van Vugt Author-Name: Philippe Delespaul Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Delespaul Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: van Os Title: A user-developed, user run recovery programme for people with severe mental illness: A randomised control trial Abstract: We examined, over a two-year period, the impact of a user-developed and user-run recovery programme (Toward Recovery, Empowerment and Experiential Expertise – TREE) on outcomes in individuals with severe mental illness, as add-on to care as usual. A randomised wait-list controlled design of TREE added to care as usual (CAU) (n = 80), versus CAU only (n = 83), was implemented in patients with severe mental illness. Follow-up was at 12 and at 24 months after inclusion. Primary outcome measures were empowerment, mental health confidence and loneliness. Secondary outcomes were quality of life, self-reported symptoms, care needs, service use and community outcomes (likelihood institutional residence and paid employment).TREE was associated with more mental health confidence (effect size for each year in TREE: 0.058, p = 0.043), less care needs (effect size for each year in TREE: –0.088, p = 0.002), less self-reported symptoms (effect size for each year in TREE: –0.054, p = 0.040) and less likelihood of institutional residence (risk ratio with each year in TREE: 0.79, p = 0.027).User-developed and user-run recovery programmes may bring about small but reliable changes in recovery and community outcome after two years. More research is required to examine how such programmes can become more successful within the context of disability-focused mental health services. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 287-300 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1172335 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1172335 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:287-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bruce M. Z. Cohen Author-X-Name-First: Bruce M. Z. Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen Title: Psychiatry under the influence: institutional corruption, social injury, and prescriptions for reform Journal: Psychosis Pages: 372-373 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1206956 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1206956 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:372-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Title: The dark side of being a clinical psychologist with Bipolar Disorder: a response to Ho (2016) Journal: Psychosis Pages: 374-374 Issue: 4 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1216584 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1216584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:4:p:374-374 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steffen Moritz Author-X-Name-First: Steffen Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz Author-Name: Liz Rietschel Author-X-Name-First: Liz Author-X-Name-Last: Rietschel Author-Name: Ruth Veckenstedt Author-X-Name-First: Ruth Author-X-Name-Last: Veckenstedt Author-Name: Francesca Bohn Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Bohn Author-Name: Brooke C. Schneider Author-X-Name-First: Brooke C. Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider Author-Name: Tania M. Lincoln Author-X-Name-First: Tania M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lincoln Author-Name: Anne Karow Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Karow Title: The other side of “madness”: frequencies of positive and ambivalent attitudes towards prominent positive symptoms in psychosis Abstract: Background: Phenomenological descriptions of psychosis traditionally emphasize the subjective burden that psychosis inflicts on patients. However, a growing body of work suggests that in a subgroup of patients, psychotic symptoms are appraised as positive. The present study set out to explore the frequency of positive, negative and ambivalent attitudes towards positive symptoms. We were also interested in characterizing the phenomenological structure of positive symptoms.Method: Participants were recruited over the Internet via specialized psychosis forums. Among other questionnaires, participants completed the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) scale. In addition, we administered a novel scale called Subjective Perception of Positive Symptoms (SUPPOSY) that assesses core positive symptoms along various dimensions (e.g. emotional appraisal, impact on daily life).Results: For all symptom clusters, the majority of participants expressed ambivalence. Psychotic symptoms were associated with both self-reported positive and negative emotions. Experiencing regret should positive symptoms disappear was associated with prior medication noncompliance.Discussion: The present study indicates that symptoms are neither regarded as an “emotional hell” nor as a “preferred reality”. Thus, for a symptom to become a target of treatment, various aspects of the symptom have to be carefully weighed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 14-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.865137 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.865137 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:14-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brigitte Sistig Author-X-Name-First: Brigitte Author-X-Name-Last: Sistig Author-Name: Ingo Lambrecht Author-X-Name-First: Ingo Author-X-Name-Last: Lambrecht Author-Name: Susan Hatters Friedman Author-X-Name-First: Susan Hatters Author-X-Name-Last: Friedman Title: Journey back into body and soul – An exploration of mindful yoga with psychosis Abstract: Yoga is regarded in the West mainly as a physical activity. However, increasing evidence supports yoga’s efficacy as an adjunct treatment for complex mental health issues. This study explored the suitability of an integrated mindful yoga programme in a mental health rehabilitation centre. Ten psychiatric inpatients participated in twice-weekly 30 minute sessions over seven weeks. Semi-structured interviews and weekly journal entries were utilized to explore reasons for attending the yoga, challenges, barriers, and the programme’s impact on achieving personal objectives. Themes included increased relaxation, reduced stress, improved energy, greater ability to focus, and further motivation to engage in life. These findings support the potential benefits of yoga programmes for people experiencing psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 25-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.885556 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.885556 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:25-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nancy McWilliams Author-X-Name-First: Nancy Author-X-Name-Last: McWilliams Title: More simply human: on the Universality of Madness Abstract: A dimensional conceptualization of psychosis that evolved from clinical experience has been replaced in recent decades by a categorical model useful for certain kinds of research. Although both dimensional and categorical paradigms have been valuable ways of viewing “madness,” the loss of a dimensional sensibility is arguably retarding our progress in developing therapies for psychotic suffering. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 63-71 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.885557 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.885557 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:63-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Martindale Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Martindale Title: Commentary from a psychodynamic perspective Journal: Psychosis Pages: 59-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.899384 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.899384 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:59-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Author-Name: Helen Spencer Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer Author-Name: Inderpreet Jassal Author-X-Name-First: Inderpreet Author-X-Name-Last: Jassal Author-Name: Anna Cummings Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Cummings Title: Cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of delusional systems Abstract: This article describes the use of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for treatment-resistant delusional systems in a cohort of three service users with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Key stages of CBT are outlined, including engagement, the use of scaffolding to reinitiate social functioning, improving coping styles and metacognitive techniques (such as rumination postponement). These were followed by the use of formulation, examination of the antecedents/timeline to identify core schema vulnerabilities and schema-focused techniques to deal with underlying unbearable affect. Systematization, conviction, overall symptomatology, clinically significant improvement, schema profile and social functioning are described pre and post-therapy. Following a 50-session course of CBT, all parameters including social functioning and schema vulnerability improved in two of the case examples; however, recovery was limited in the other. The authors recommend a synthesis between expert CBT and psychodynamic understanding, to improve engagement and schema change in the psychotherapy of delusional systems. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 48-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.899385 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.899385 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:48-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin S. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Robin S. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: An opening: Trauma and transcendence Abstract: With reference to the intergenerational theorizing of trauma, this article considers the role of transcendence in the substance of our theoretical ideas about psychosis. Arguing against an emphasis on notions of developmental deficit, the author considers the recent work of Davoine and Gaudilliere as a means of questioning some of the paradigmatic assumptions of clinical psychology. It is suggested that the relationship between psychosis and spirituality has often been conceived in such a way as to depreciate both, and that a shift in mainstream theorizing requires that a more fundamental place be made for the question of transcendence in the theorizing of madness. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 72-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.900105 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.900105 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:72-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Bacon Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Bacon Author-Name: Angela Kennedy Author-X-Name-First: Angela Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy Title: Clinical perspectives on the relationship between psychosis and dissociation: utility of structural dissociation and implications for practice Abstract: Psychosis and dissociation are usually considered independently in their phenomenology, aetiology and treatment within mainstream psychiatry and psychology. Recently, research has suggested a relationship that may be more consistent with historical views of them as related phenomena. Unfortunately, the implications for the practising therapist have often been overlooked and the result is a challenging clinical landscape, with limited guidance. Yet, due to first-hand experiences with clients, therapists are already intervening and arriving at their own understandings. This article presents a qualitative research project that explored such practice-based perspectives. The findings are conceptualised within a model of Structural Dissociation of the Personality, supporting the clinical validity of this model in understanding psychosis and dissociation as related yet distinct constructs, and provide an account of the complex clinical work that follows. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 81-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.910252 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.910252 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:81-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Boyda Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Boyda Author-Name: Danielle McFeeters Author-X-Name-First: Danielle Author-X-Name-Last: McFeeters Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Title: Intimate partner violence, sexual abuse, and the mediating role of loneliness on psychosis Abstract: Background: Victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) experience a higher propensity for psychotic symptoms. Furthermore, as a result of such experiences individuals may withdraw socially and experience feelings of loneliness; thus, loneliness may represent an intermediary link between trauma and psychosis symptomology.Objective: To examine whether IPV and CSA are associated with feelings of loneliness and psychotic symptoms. In addition, to examine if loneliness mediates the relationships between IPV and psychotic symptoms and between CSA and psychotic symptoms.Method: The study utilized the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (N = 7403). Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire along with devised measures of IPV, CSA and loneliness.Results: Results revealed that both IPV and CSA were associated with loneliness. In addition, IPV but not CSA was found to predict psychotic symptoms. Finally, loneliness mediated the relationship between IPV and psychotic symptoms, but failed to mediate the relationship between CSA and psychosis.Conclusions: The results are consistent with literature linking interpersonal trauma to both social marginalization and psychosis. The study extends prior knowledge by proposing a transitional link whereby social withdrawal resulting from IPV may propagate feelings of loneliness, ultimately precipitating the onset of subsequent psychosis symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-13 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.917433 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.917433 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:1-13 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sharon Young Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Young Author-Name: Matt Snyder Author-X-Name-First: Matt Author-X-Name-Last: Snyder Author-Name: Lisa Schactman Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Schactman Title: Early recovery from Psychotic Spectrum Disorder within a therapeutic community: Significance and effects Abstract: Recovery narratives and research studies increasingly depict psychosis as a recovery-able condition. Though many interventions have shown efficacy in treating aspects of psychosis, it remains complex and too often disabling. The limited efficacy, cost, recidivism rate and side effects of medications further spur the search for complementary interventions. Psychosocial approaches have been increasingly shown efficacious, and emerging policy and treatment guidelines encourage their integration with traditional psychopharmacology. This study reports initial results of an integrated, recovery-based therapeutic community approach to facilitating recovery for individuals with psychotic spectrum disorder diagnoses. One hundred and four residents completed nine measures representing three different definitions/facets of recovery at baseline and three months. Almost all participants (97%) entered the program on antipsychotic medication, suggesting that subsequent progress was not solely due to medication. Progress in the direction of recovery was seen on all but two measures. This progress was generally statistically significant and of small to moderate effect size which compared favorably with literature results, suggesting the potential of this integrated program in supporting early recovery for individuals with these challenges. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 37-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.926387 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.926387 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:37-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Berenice Royal Author-X-Name-First: Berenice Author-X-Name-Last: Royal Title: An emergency plan for schizophrenia relapse Abstract: I have had schizophrenia since 2002. I am stable on Risperidone 2–4 mg and Citralopram. The following will describe my perceptions and how I learned to deal with them. Even though on medication, I still experience occasional positive symptoms. I will present my symptoms, what I tried and what did not help, and will then go on to present my nutritional approach in dealing with this illness as well as my personal emergency response plan, which I developed over the years to be better able to cope with relapses. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 92-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.974201 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.974201 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:92-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: Overcoming distressing voices Journal: Psychosis Pages: 96-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.980310 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.980310 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:96-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susannah Colbert Author-X-Name-First: Susannah Author-X-Name-Last: Colbert Author-Name: Love Peace Author-X-Name-First: Love Author-X-Name-Last: Peace Title: Love Peace’s recovery story: A tale of two Abstract: Love Peace’s story spans two continents: Europe and Africa. Her story begins in her home country of Africa. Thorough her story, we see the different perspectives taken by her family, community and mental health professionals in the UK and in Africa. We see the challenges posed by moving between different countries and balancing the demands of two cultures in the UK. Two religions play an important role in Love Peace’s life, both as restrictive and supportive factors. Love Peace’s role as a mother is critical to both her difficulties and her recovery. Ultimately, Love Peace’s story is one of reclaiming hope for the future. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 184-188 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.722125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.722125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:184-188 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca Bargenquast Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Bargenquast Author-Name: Robert Schweitzer Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Schweitzer Title: Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy for people diagnosed with schizophrenia: An outline of a principle-based treatment manual Abstract: Schizophrenia is often characterised by diminished self-experience. This article describes the development and principles of a manual for a psychotherapeutic treatment model that aims to enhance self-experience in people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy draws upon dialogical theory of self and the work of Lysaker and colleagues, in conjunction with narrative principles of therapy as operationalised by Vromans. To date, no manual for a metacognitive narrative approach to the treatment of schizophrenia exists. After a brief description of narrative understandings of schizophrenia, the development of the manual is described. Five general phases of treatment are outlined: (1) developing a therapeutic relationship; (2) eliciting narratives; (3) enhancing metacognitive capacity; (4) enriching narratives; and (5) living enriched narratives. Proscribed practices are also described. Examples of therapeutic interventions and dialogue are provided to further explain the application of interventions in-session. The manual has been piloted in a study investigating the effectiveness of Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy in the treatment of people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 155-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.753935 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.753935 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:155-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas J.K. Breitborde Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas J.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Breitborde Author-Name: Petra Kleinlein Author-X-Name-First: Petra Author-X-Name-Last: Kleinlein Author-Name: Vinod H. Srihari Author-X-Name-First: Vinod H. Author-X-Name-Last: Srihari Title: Causality orientations among individuals with first-episode psychosis Abstract: There is growing recognition that motivation among individuals with psychosis may influence both participation in, and response to, psychosocial interventions. Consequently, there is an increasing call for organizing treatment settings in ways that increase motivation among individuals with psychosis. However, empirical evidence suggests that whether a specific setting/event promotes motivation depends upon individuals’ idiosyncratic interpretation (i.e. causality orientation) of that setting/event. Thus, the goal of this study is to examine causality orientations among individuals with first-episode psychosis and compare these to causality orientations among individuals without psychosis. Our results suggest that, similar to persons without psychosis, individuals with first-episode psychosis show a bias toward interpreting environmental events and personal behavior as determined by personal choice/goals. However, the magnitude of this bias is smaller among individuals with first-episode psychosis, such that they are more likely to perceive events as uncontrollable or regulated by external factors than individuals without psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 177-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.762801 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.762801 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:177-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Belinda Cain Author-X-Name-First: Belinda Author-X-Name-Last: Cain Author-Name: Roseanne Currie Author-X-Name-First: Roseanne Author-X-Name-Last: Currie Author-Name: Eleanor Danks Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Danks Author-Name: Fiona Du Author-X-Name-First: Fiona Author-X-Name-Last: Du Author-Name: Erica Hodgson Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Hodgson Author-Name: Jennifer May Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: May Author-Name: Kirsty O’Loghlen Author-X-Name-First: Kirsty Author-X-Name-Last: O’Loghlen Author-Name: Yen Phan Author-X-Name-First: Yen Author-X-Name-Last: Phan Author-Name: Jennifer Powter Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Powter Author-Name: Nayab Rizwan Author-X-Name-First: Nayab Author-X-Name-Last: Rizwan Author-Name: Shazmi Shahim Author-X-Name-First: Shazmi Author-X-Name-Last: Shahim Author-Name: Dominique Simsion Author-X-Name-First: Dominique Author-X-Name-Last: Simsion Author-Name: Steve Loughnan Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Loughnan Author-Name: Nick Haslam Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Haslam Title: “Schizophrenia” in the Australian print and online news media Abstract: Australian online and print news media stories citing “schizophrenia” over a 1-year period (N = 630) were coded for the presence of stigmatizing coverage and for story attributes that might contribute to it. Violence featured in 47.3% of stories and 46.0% were adjudged to be stigmatizing. People identified as “schizophrenic” were disproportionately reported as male and as perpetrators rather than victims of violence. Logistic regression analysis indicated that more stigmatizing stories tended to appear in tabloid sources, to refer to foreign events and substance use, and to represent people diagnosed with schizophrenia as young and male. A small minority of stories (13.0%) misused the term “schizophrenia” in a metaphorical manner. Implications for the continuing public perception of psychotic individuals as violent and dangerous are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 97-106 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.764349 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.764349 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:97-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jorge L. Tizón Author-X-Name-First: Jorge L. Author-X-Name-Last: Tizón Author-Name: Noemí Morales Author-X-Name-First: Noemí Author-X-Name-Last: Morales Author-Name: Jordi Artigue Author-X-Name-First: Jordi Author-X-Name-Last: Artigue Author-Name: Yanet Quijada Author-X-Name-First: Yanet Author-X-Name-Last: Quijada Author-Name: Conxita Pérez Author-X-Name-First: Conxita Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez Author-Name: Francesc Pareja Author-X-Name-First: Francesc Author-X-Name-Last: Pareja Author-Name: Manel Salamero Author-X-Name-First: Manel Author-X-Name-Last: Salamero Title: Delusional disorders: Prevalence in two socially differentiated neighborhoods of Barcelona Abstract: ObjectiveTo determine and compare the prevalence and other characteristics of delusional disorder (DD) in two adjacent neighborhoods of Barcelona, La Verneda and La Mina, which differ greatly in their socioeconomic level and psychosocial risk factors.MethodsCross-sectional study, by neighborhood, of all cases recorded between 1982 and 2000 in the electronic Case Registry of the La Verneda–La Mina Mental Health Unit. This unit of the Primary Health Care system serves 103,615 inhabitants and has high levels of accessibility.ResultsOf 21,536 mental health case records, 209 patients fulfilled the DD definition according to SASPE criteria (DSM-IV-TR), representing a population prevalence of 0.20% and 0.97% of case records. The DD case prevalence was significantly greater in the neighborhood characterized by an overload of psychosocial risk factors, than in the middle- and working-class neighborhood.Conclusions(1) The prevalence of DD indicated in the present community study is much higher than the prevalence reported by other, mainly hospital-based, studies. (2) These experiences/disorders are probably more common in areas characterized by the presence of psychosocial and socioeconomic risk factors. (3) People with DD in these at-risk environments have higher fecundity and fertility than the general population of Barcelona and Catalonia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 107-116 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.773364 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.773364 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:107-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: The equal environments assumption in schizophrenia genetics Abstract: It is widely stated that schizophrenia is “genetic”. The main basis for this claim is the literature on twin concordance for schizophrenia in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. The validity of twin studies depends on the equal environments assumption. However, the low concordance rates in MZ and DZ twins prove two things: (1) schizophrenia can be at most only a little bit genetic, and (2) the equal environments assumption cannot hold. Proponents of the genetic contribution to schizophrenia must deal with a logical bind: the greater they make the gap between MZ and DZ twin concordance rates, the more they undermine the equal environments assumption; the smaller they make it, the more they undermine the genetic contribution to schizophrenia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 189-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.773365 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.773365 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:189-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julian Leff Author-X-Name-First: Julian Author-X-Name-Last: Leff Author-Name: Geoffrey Williams Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Author-Name: Mark Huckvale Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Huckvale Author-Name: Maurice Arbuthnot Author-X-Name-First: Maurice Author-X-Name-Last: Arbuthnot Author-Name: Alex P. Leff Author-X-Name-First: Alex P. Author-X-Name-Last: Leff Title: Avatar therapy for persecutory auditory hallucinations: What is it and how does it work? Abstract: We have developed a novel therapy based on a computer program, which enables the patient to create an avatar of the entity, human or non-human, which they believe is persecuting them. The therapist encourages the patient to enter into a dialogue with their avatar, and is able to use the program to change the avatar so that it comes under the patient’s control over the course of six 30-min sessions and alters from being abusive to becoming friendly and supportive. The therapy was evaluated in a randomised controlled trial with a partial crossover design. One group went straight into the therapy arm: “immediate therapy”. The other continued with standard clinical care for 7 weeks then crossed over into Avatar therapy: “delayed therapy”. There was a significant reduction in the frequency and intensity of the voices and in their omnipotence and malevolence. Several individuals had a dramatic response, their voices ceasing completely after a few sessions of the therapy. The average effect size of the therapy was 0.8. We discuss the possible psychological mechanisms for the success of Avatar therapy and the implications for the origins of persecutory voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 166-176 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.773457 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.773457 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:166-176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juliana Onwumere Author-X-Name-First: Juliana Author-X-Name-Last: Onwumere Author-Name: Amy Chung Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Steve Boddington Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Boddington Author-Name: Adrienne Little Author-X-Name-First: Adrienne Author-X-Name-Last: Little Author-Name: Elizabeth Kuipers Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Kuipers Title: Older adults with psychosis: A case for family interventions Abstract: The NICE Schizophrenia 2009 guidelines recommend family interventions for service users with an illness onset before 60 years. This study investigated the provision of family interventions in psychosis (FIp), irrespective of illness onset age, across two community mental health teams for older adults. Explanations from care coordinators about offering FIp were also examined. Service users diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders comprised approximately 10% of the team’s caseload, of which 40% were reported as having a carer. None of the identified service users with carers had been offered FIp. Service user symptoms and engagement difficulties were identified by care coordinators as the main reasons for why they were not considered suitable for FIp. The findings highlight a potential unmet clinical need for a subgroup of carers of older adults with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 181-183 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.774436 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.774436 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:181-183 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Topor Author-X-Name-First: Alain Author-X-Name-Last: Topor Author-Name: Gunnel Andersson Author-X-Name-First: Gunnel Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Author-Name: Anne Denhov Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Denhov Author-Name: Sara Holmqvist Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Holmqvist Author-Name: Maria Mattsson Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Mattsson Author-Name: Claes-Göran Stefansson Author-X-Name-First: Claes-Göran Author-X-Name-Last: Stefansson Author-Name: Per Bülow Author-X-Name-First: Per Author-X-Name-Last: Bülow Title: Psychosis and poverty: Coping with poverty and severe mental illness in everyday life Abstract: In psychiatry, it is assumed that the social conditions of everyday life do not in themselves affect the severity of an individual’s mental ill health. Rather, the illness is the cause of problems that the individual meets in daily life. However, recent studies indicate that social factors can explain behavior that has ordinarily been regarded as symptoms of mental illness. The aim of the present study is to investigate how people with a psychosis diagnosis manage their economic difficulties. Nineteen persons with a psychosis diagnosis were interviewed on several occasions in the course of a follow-up study. The interviews were analyzed according to Grounded Theory. The present study shows that the persons had developed different rational ways of coping with economic strain: reducing their expenses, increasing their incomes or borrowing money and acquiring debts. Living under poverty negatively affects their possibility to acquire and maintain a social network and their sense of the self. The study contributes to our knowledge of the nature of psychosis and its relationship to the social context. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 117-127 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.790070 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.790070 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:117-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jacqueline Sin Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline Author-X-Name-Last: Sin Author-Name: Steven Livingstone Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Livingstone Author-Name: Maria Griffiths Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Griffiths Author-Name: Catherine Gamble Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Gamble Title: Family intervention for psychosis: Impact of training on clinicians’ attitudes, knowledge and behaviour Abstract: ObjectivesTwo family intervention (FI) training models – Psychosocial (Thorn) and Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT, Meriden), were provided to clinicians working in a London mental health service, with an aim to boost FI implementation and family/carer collaborative working.Methods and proceduresA survey study that used a self-rated questionnaire to evaluate clinicians’ attitude, knowledge and behaviour following FI training, is reported. Data collection was conducted at three time-points: pre and post-training and at five months follow-up after the FI training.ResultsOver an 18-month period from 2010 to 2011, four cohorts of FI training were provided to 55 clinicians working in psychosis services. The results conveyed a positive change in clinicians’ attitude towards collaborative working with families/ carers and most reported that the FI training equipped them with the knowledge and competency required to provide FI. However, participants also identified some implementation challenges.ConclusionsThis survey showed effective outcomes from both Thorn and Meriden training. However, beyond the issue of staff training and skills development, there are wider issues to address for FI to become routine. Organisational support and FI practice development strategies alongside FI training, as highlighted in the BFT training project, are necessary to support clinicians’ FI practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 128-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.806569 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.806569 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:128-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alisa Udachina Author-X-Name-First: Alisa Author-X-Name-Last: Udachina Author-Name: Richard P. Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard P. Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Title: Developmental pathway to paranoia is mediated by negative self-concept and experiential avoidance Abstract: The study investigated the role of early interactions with parents in the paranoid process. Student participants (N = 302) completed questionnaires measuring parental style, emotional invalidation, attachment, self-esteem, experiential avoidance (EA) and paranoia. Analyses using structural equation modelling confirmed a model in which cold and overprotective parenting was associated with insecure attachment and negative self-views. Childhood emotional invalidation, including punishment, belittlement, and distress on the part of the parents in response to children’s displays of negative emotions predicted EA in later life. Negative self-beliefs and avoidance of negative mental states, in turn, predicted paranoid ideation. In line with previous research, our data suggest that suboptimal parenting fosters paranoid thinking later in life. Our findings are also consistent with the idea that paranoia arises as a result of dysfunctional attempts to maintain a positive view of the self. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 143-154 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.810301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.810301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:143-154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John McGowan Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: McGowan Title: Psychology, mental health and distress Journal: Psychosis Pages: 193-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.876094 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.876094 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:193-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lou Rawcliffe Author-X-Name-First: Lou Author-X-Name-Last: Rawcliffe Title: Demons in the age of light: a memoir of psychosis and recovery Journal: Psychosis Pages: 192-192 Issue: 2 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.877519 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.877519 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:2:p:192-192 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vanessa Beavan Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa Author-X-Name-Last: Beavan Title: Towards a definition of "hearing voices": A phenomenological approach Abstract: Despite an increasingly comprehensive research literature on hearing voices, few attempts have been made to define the phenomenon and fewer still have sought to do so based on voice‐hearers' subjective accounts. This paper uses a qualitative approach to develop a definition of hearing voices based on the essential characteristics of the experience. Fifty voice‐hearers from the general population participated in semi‐structured interviews exploring their voice experiences. Thematic analysis revealed five essential characteristics: the content of the voices is personally meaningful, the voices have a characterised identity, the person has a relationship with their voices, the experience has a significant impact on the voice‐hearer's life, and the experience has a compelling sense of reality. Implications for treatment interventions include the importance of acknowledging that voices are real, supporting the person to make meaning of who the voices are and what the voices say, and making connections between relationships with voices and relationships with significant others in the person's life. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 63-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522431003615622 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522431003615622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:63-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Randjbar Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Randjbar Author-Name: Ruth Veckenstedt Author-X-Name-First: Ruth Author-X-Name-Last: Veckenstedt Author-Name: Francesca Vitzthum Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Vitzthum Author-Name: Birgit Hottenrott Author-X-Name-First: Birgit Author-X-Name-Last: Hottenrott Author-Name: Steffen Moritz Author-X-Name-First: Steffen Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz Title: Attributional biases in paranoid schizophrenia: Further evidence for a decreased sense of self‐causation in paranoia Abstract: Attributional biases are assumed to be part of the pathogenesis of persecutory delusions. The aim of the present study was to explore whether such biases are confined to current paranoid delusions or related to other positive symptoms as well. Another goal was to investigate whether current paranoid schizophrenia patients only show an exaggerated personalizing bias for negative events (i.e. personalizing blame) or also tend to externalize responsibility for positive events (i.e. decreased sense of self‐causation). The Internal, Personal and Situational Attributions Questionnaire (IPSAQ) was administered to 29 schizophrenia patients (10 with current paranoia), 26 psychiatric patients (OCD) and 33 healthy controls. Acutely paranoid patients made fewer internal attributions for positive and negative events, thus replicating a previously reported decreased sense of self‐causation. This kind of attributional style was related to acute positive symptomatology, but not to persecutory beliefs in particular. No evidence was found for a relationship between personalizing blame and the severity of current persecutory beliefs. An analysis of the narrative causal statements of the IPSAQ revealed that paranoid patients more often made external‐situational attributions particularly for positive events. Both psychiatric groups gave significantly more mono‐causal explanations for events than healthy controls. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 74-85 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522431003717675 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522431003717675 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:74-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul French Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: French Author-Name: Paul Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Author-Name: Sarah Barratt Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Barratt Author-Name: Sophie Parker Author-X-Name-First: Sophie Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Nick Shryane Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Shryane Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Provision of online normalising information to reduce stigma associated with psychosis: Can an audio podcast challenge negative appraisals of psychotic experiences? Abstract: Cognitive models of psychosis suggest that challenging negative appraisals of psychotic experiences could directly reduce associated distress and stigma. A pilot study investigating whether online normalising information in the form of an audio podcast could challenge negative appraisals of psychotic experiences in the general population was conducted. Within‐subject change in negative appraisals of psychotic experiences and knowledge of prevalence of psychotic experiences were evaluated using pre‐ and post‐podcast self‐report questionnaires. One hundred and forty‐six people provided partial or full responses to a pre‐podcast assessment, and 49% returned to complete follow‐up measures. There was a significant reduction in participants' scores on measures of negative appraisals of auditory hallucinations and paranoia, a significant increase in their scores on a measure of normalising beliefs about paranoia and a significant increase in their estimates of the prevalence of psychotic experiences. The results of this pilot study are encouraging, but further research is required to evaluate this approach. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 52-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522431003717683 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522431003717683 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:52-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michelle Campbell Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell Author-Name: Nick Shryane Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Shryane Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: A mental health promotion approach to reducing discrimination about psychosis in teenagers Abstract: Aim: To examine the effectiveness of a psychosocial mental health promotion workshop, involving an ex-service-user researcher, in reducing discrimination about psychosis in teenagers. Hypothesis: Pupils in the intervention condition will express less discrimination about a man characterised as having experienced psychosis immediately after the workshop and at follow-up, compared with pupils in the control condition. Method: A cluster randomised trial was carried out in order to take into account the effect of class group. Ninety-two pupils participated at baseline; 43 pupils were exposed to the intervention and 49 pupils formed the control group. Pupils completed demographic information, questions about their familiarity with people with mental health problems and a questionnaire examining discrimination about psychosis. Results: Multi-level modelling was used to analyse the results. Discrimination scores in the intervention group reduced significantly more than the control group immediately after the intervention. This effect was not sustained at 10-week follow-up. Brief qualitative feedback from pupils exposed to the intervention indicated that 70% considered the testimonial from the ex-service-user researcher to be the most useful. Conclusion: A short psychosocial intervention involving a testimonial from an ex-service user can lead to small but significant reductions in teenagers' discrimination about psychosis immediately after the intervention. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 41-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522431003735529 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522431003735529 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:41-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: JoAnn Leavey Author-X-Name-First: JoAnn Author-X-Name-Last: Leavey Title: When youth know about their mental disorder before caregivers do: Youth-identified duration of untreated mental disorder (YIDUMD) Abstract: Purpose: To report on young people's accounts of retrospective subjective knowledge of early distress. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 49 youth, 22 female and 27 male, aged 16–26 living with mental health problems in Canada, USA, and Australia. Results: Some youth self-reported being "aware" of mental problems as early as 4 and 5 years of age; however, as a group, youth were not officially diagnosed until between 11 and 24 years of age. Overall, the average youth-identified duration of untreated mental disorder (YIDUMD) was 4.73 years, with 5 youth being diagnosed and treated at less than one year from self-identified onset. Conclusion: The complexities of childhood make the accuracy of diagnosing mental disorders at early ages difficult. This research suggests that some youth may have the ability to self-identify mental disturbances at very early ages. Therefore, further research is needed to explore developing screening and assessment tools facilitating the systematic inclusion of child self-report information in clinical interviews. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 86-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.488296 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.488296 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:86-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marianne Storm Author-X-Name-First: Marianne Author-X-Name-Last: Storm Author-Name: Knud Knudsen Author-X-Name-First: Knud Author-X-Name-Last: Knudsen Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Author-Name: Kjell Hausken Author-X-Name-First: Kjell Author-X-Name-Last: Hausken Author-Name: Jan Johannessen Author-X-Name-First: Jan Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen Title: "Service user involvement in practice": The evaluation of an intervention program for service providers and inpatients in Norwegian Community Mental Health Centers Abstract: Background: Modern mental health strategies emphasize the necessity of user participation, but only a few studies examine how user involvement can be promoted effectively. Aim: To study the possible effect of an intervention program designed to (1) increase attention to user involvement and (2) increase user involvement at the inpatient departmental level. Methods: The study has a quasi‐experimental design, involving inpatient departments in five Norwegian Community Mental Health Centers (CMHCs). Two CMHCs received the intervention, and were compared with three CMHCs that did not. The impact of the intervention was assessed with the Service User Involvement in Mental Health Scale (SUIM), a selection of items from the Consumer Participation Questionnaire (CPQ) and the Psychiatric Inpatient Experience Questionnaire (PIPEQ). One hundred and twenty‐three service providers, 51 in the intervention group and 72 in the comparison group, and 47 inpatients took part in the study. Results: Providers in the intervention group reported higher mean scores at follow‐up for the variables of organizational user involvement, patient collaboration, and carer involvement than the comparison group. The intervention program was not associated with inpatients reporting more satisfaction with care. Conclusion: An intervention program can be useful in increasing attention to service user involvement in inpatient mental health services. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 29-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.501521 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.501521 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:29-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Helen Title: Child abuse and voice hearing: Finding healing through EMDR Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.542827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.542827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:90-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Garrett Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Title: CBT for psychosis in a psychoanalytic frame Abstract: Some clinicians regard psychodynamic psychotherapy (PP) and cognitive behavioral therapy of psychosis (CBTp) as treatments with little in common. An integrated model is presented in which PP and CBTp fit together, with each modality playing an essential role in different ways at different points over the course of treatment. This model is developed by examining a core symptom in psychosis. Psychotic individuals seemingly perceive events in the outside world which are actually reflections of internal mental processes. Instead of experiencing thoughts or feelings, a person "sees" or "hears" things which appear to be occurring outside the self, a "thing presentation" of mental life. Before the unconscious meaning of psychotic symptoms can be psychodynamically interpreted to a person, "thing presentations" of mental life must first be returned within the boundary of the self. CBTp provides the technical means to do this. Once CBTp has helped re‐establish connections between psychotic experience and internal emotional life, a psychodynamic perspective becomes increasingly important. In this model treatment begins with CBTp practiced in a psychodynamic frame, followed by a second phase of treatment in which PP bears empathic witness to a person’s mental life, nourishing self experience. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 2-13 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.544403 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.544403 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:2-13 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Guilherme Rui Canta Author-X-Name-First: Guilherme Author-X-Name-Last: Rui Canta Author-Name: Clive Travis Author-X-Name-First: Clive Author-X-Name-Last: Travis Author-Name: Wouter Kusters Author-X-Name-First: Wouter Author-X-Name-Last: Kusters Author-Name: Philip Benjamin Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Benjamin Title: Book Reviews Journal: Psychosis Pages: 96-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.546531 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.546531 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:96-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Author-Name: Alisa Udachina Author-X-Name-First: Alisa Author-X-Name-Last: Udachina Author-Name: Inez Myin‐Germeys Author-X-Name-First: Inez Author-X-Name-Last: Myin‐Germeys Author-Name: Margareet Oorschot Author-X-Name-First: Margareet Author-X-Name-Last: Oorschot Author-Name: Richard Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Title: The relationship between dissociation and auditory verbal hallucinations in the flow of daily life of patients with psychosis Abstract: Primary objectives: It has been proposed that dissociation plays a role in the aetiology of hallucinatory experiences. The present study examined the relationship between reports of auditory hallucinations and dissociative experiences in the daily lives of patients with psychosis. The influence of everyday stressors on dissociation and on the hypothesised relationship between dissociation and hallucinatory experiences was also investigated. Finally, this study examined the association between hallucinations and other non‐dissociative dysfunctional strategies used to suppress unpleasant mental events (i.e. experiential avoidance). Method: Forty‐two patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder and 23 healthy controls were studied for six days using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), a structured self‐assessment diary technique. Results: Patients who hallucinated during the assessment period (n = 21) reported elevated levels of dissociation compared to non‐hallucinating patients and healthy controls. Within the hallucinating patient group, auditory hallucinations were significantly predicted by both dissociation and experiential avoidance, although only the effect of dissociation remained significant after controlling for comorbid paranoia. Dissociation predicted the occurrence of auditory hallucinations especially under high stress. Hallucinating patients also reported a greater increase in dissociation in response to minor daily life stress compared to clinical and non‐clinical controls. Conclusions: These results further support the link between auditory hallucinations and experiences of dissociative detachment, and might inform future investigations into the mechanisms underlying this association. Interventions designed to reduce dissociation should be studied as potential treatments for auditory hallucinations. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 14-28 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.548564 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.548564 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:14-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Read Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Read Title: Editorial Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-1 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2010.550689 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2010.550689 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:1-1 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2010 AWARDS FOR BEST PAPERS IN THE SECOND VOLUME OF Journal: Psychosis Pages: 103-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 3 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.552967 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.552967 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:3:y:2011:i:1:p:103-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Crabtree Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Crabtree Author-Name: Toby RO Newton-John Author-X-Name-First: Toby RO Author-X-Name-Last: Newton-John Title: Comparisons and associations between personality, creative potential and achievement in creative, non-creative and early psychosis participants Abstract: Epidemiological evidence supports common genetic determinants between psychosis spectrum populations and creative individuals. Aspects of personality may contribute to protecting the creative artist from psychosis vulnerability. This study examines the similarities and differences in personality within a sample of early psychosis (EP), creative control (CC) and non-creative control (NCC) participants. Findings indicated that the CC group shared closer personality commonalities with the EP group than with NCC participants, on traits such as Neuroticism, Openness and Impulsive Non-Conformity as well as on variables such as Unusual Experiences, Cognitive Disorganisation and Paranoia/Suspiciousness. However, the CC group may better manage their emotional sensitivity and interpersonal suspiciousness than the EP participants. In separate analyses, CC and EP participants recorded higher creative cognition than NCC participants. Unsurprisingly, the CC group reported significantly higher creative achievement than the EP and NCC samples. Of note, the findings indicate that EP participants recorded significantly higher creative achievement than NCC, suggesting that EP patients demonstrate some capacity for creative cognition and creative achievement. These preliminary findings may encourage further research and promote avenues of treatment for at-risk creative individuals and EP individuals. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 138-150 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1542021 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1542021 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:138-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Benjamin Gray Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin Author-X-Name-Last: Gray Title: The power of psychiatry: a service user’s first person account and perspective Abstract: Dr. Ben Gray  is an academic and researcher in the field of mental health and was also diagnosed (or rather labelled) with schizophrenia in 2003, when he spent a total of 12 months in a mental health hospital. In this article, he relates his personal experience and story to make a polemical and admittedly one-sided case against traditional psychiatry and compulsory medical treatment. He ties his experience to a modern anti-psychiatry inspired by the radical works of Laing, Szasz, Basaglia and Foucault, explores what Laing might call a contemporary ‘politics of experience’. He concludes that there needs to be more attention paid to voice hearers’ stories and accounts of mental illness, which he links to the rise of democratic psychiatry and the growth of the hearing voices movement, headed by organisations such as Intervoice, Asylum Magazine, MindFreedom, Working to Recovery and the Hearing Voices Network. This personal account is also written partly in response to The Power of Psychiatry, by P. Miller and N. Rose (1986, Cambridge: Polity) and Governing the Soul: The shaping of the private self, by N. Rose (1999, London: Free Association Books), that suggest a growth in subtle, gentle and confessional ‘techniques of self’ (such as talking therapies, counselling, psychotherapy and cognitive behavioural therapy) to regulate ‘problem populations’ such as those with mild mental illness. This personal account suggests that psychiatry is the opposite because it is paternalistic, forced, coercive, disempowering and punitive against people with severe mental illness under Section. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 178-183 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1542022 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1542022 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:178-183 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marie C. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Marie C. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: The essential writings of Sabina Spielrein: pioneer of psychoanalysis Journal: Psychosis Pages: 185-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1559875 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1559875 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:185-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fiona Switzer Author-X-Name-First: Fiona Author-X-Name-Last: Switzer Author-Name: Sean F. Harper Author-X-Name-First: Sean F. Author-X-Name-Last: Harper Title: A narrative review of the barriers to the implementation of cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis Abstract: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp) is recommended in National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guidelines (2014) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) Guidelines (2013) and is widely accepted as a helpful approach for people with lived experience of psychosis or schizophrenia. Despite this, research suggests that implementation rates across the UK remain extremely low and people with a psychotic spectrum disorder struggle to gain access to CBTp.Objective: To review current research evidence on the barriers to the implementation of CBTp in the UK.Design: Narrative review of the literature.Method: Using narrative synthesis the data from 18 relevant articles were extracted concerning the barriers to the implementation of CBTp.Conclusions: Key barriers identified in the literature include organisational, staff and service user barriers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 151-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1578400 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1578400 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:151-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Vaessen Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Vaessen Author-Name: H. Steinhart Author-X-Name-First: H. Author-X-Name-Last: Steinhart Author-Name: T. Batink Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Batink Author-Name: A. Klippel Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Klippel Author-Name: M. Van Nierop Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Van Nierop Author-Name: U. Reininghaus Author-X-Name-First: U. Author-X-Name-Last: Reininghaus Author-Name: I. Myin-Germeys Author-X-Name-First: I. Author-X-Name-Last: Myin-Germeys Title: ACT in daily life in early psychosis: an ecological momentary intervention approach Abstract: The current article describes the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in Daily Life (ACT-DL) training, a new mobile health treatment protocol for ACT applied in a randomized controlled trial in early psychosis individuals. Between weekly ACT therapy sessions, patients fill out brief questionnaires on an app about their mood, symptoms, activity, and current context, thus promoting awareness - a crucial component of ACT. The app also provides them with visual cues and exercises specifically related to the ACT sessions, to help them implement the techniques previously learned in therapy into their daily lives. Here we assess the feasibility of this protocol in 16 early psychosis individuals, as part of an ongoing randomized controlled trial. Specifically, we investigate the experienced usefulness of the ACT therapy and app, and burden of the protocol. Results indicate that participants find both the therapy sessions and the app useful, and that ACT-DL guides them in putting ACT into everyday practice, although the protocol may be moderately burdensome. These findings indicate that ACT-DL may help early psychosis patients applying ACT skills to diverse contexts of everyday life. Since ACT is not symptom-specific, ACT-DL may also be suited for different target populations. Limitations and future directions are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-104 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1578401 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1578401 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:93-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Horng Hien Wong Author-X-Name-First: Horng Hien Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Author-Name: Shazana Shahwan Author-X-Name-First: Shazana Author-X-Name-Last: Shahwan Author-Name: Swapna Verma Author-X-Name-First: Swapna Author-X-Name-Last: Verma Author-Name: Mythily Subramaniam Author-X-Name-First: Mythily Author-X-Name-Last: Subramaniam Title: Case management in early psychosis intervention programme: perspectives of case managers Abstract: Aim: This qualitative study elicited the perspectives of case managers (CM) on case management, with the aim to understand salient aspects of case management from their own perspective.Methods: This study was conducted as part of a larger study that explored the perspectives of clients, caregivers and case managers on case management. All CMs except the CM researchers were recruited. Two CM focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted and facilitated by an experienced independent researcher from the research department. The FGDs were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim with all participants’ identifiers omitted to protect confidentiality. Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo V.10. (QSR International. NVivo V.10 (Computer software). 2012. http://www.qsrinternational.com)Results: Eleven themes emerged from the CM FGDs which are based on the CMs’ work with both clients and caregivers: therapeutic alliance, holistic monitoring, collaborative role with other care providers, counselling and guidance, crisis management, bridging role, client-centred care, client empowerment and strength building, psychoeducation, support and advocacy.Conclusions: The voices of CMs are important in planning service delivery models and improving the quality of care to clients and caregivers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 116-127 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1579255 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1579255 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:116-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-1 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1585164 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1585164 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:1-1 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jenny Droughton Author-X-Name-First: Jenny Author-X-Name-Last: Droughton Title: CBT for psychosis: process-orientated therapies and the third wave Journal: Psychosis Pages: 184-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1586982 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1586982 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:184-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pamela Jacobsen Author-X-Name-First: Pamela Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobsen Title: Interruptions to therapy sessions on acute psychiatric wards; how frequent are they, and who does the interrupting? Abstract: Aim: To find out how often therapy sessions conducted on acute psychiatric wards are interrupted and who by.Methods: Interruptions or early endings to therapy sessions were recorded as part of a trial of a brief talking therapy for psychosis delivered on acute psychiatric wards.Results: Only a minority of therapy sessions were interrupted (19/146; 13%) or ended early (5/146; 3%). Interruptions most commonly came from staff (15/19; 79%) rather from other patients on the ward (4/19; 21%).Conclusions: These data show most inpatient therapy sessions can be completed as planned, and provide further support to the feasibility of delivering psychological therapies within these challenging clinical settings. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 174-177 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1597382 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1597382 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:174-177 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hong Wang Fung Author-X-Name-First: Hong Wang Author-X-Name-Last: Fung Author-Name: Rebecca Ka Wai Liu Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Ka Wai Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Yan Ho Eddie Ma Author-X-Name-First: Yan Ho Eddie Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Title: Hearing voices and its psychosocial correlates in four Chinese samples Abstract: The experience of hearing voices is common in both clinical and nonclinical populations and has been found to be associated with various psychosocial factors (e.g., trauma, dissociation). However, little is known about voice-hearers (VHs) in the Chinese context. This study investigated the experience of hearing voices and its relationships with psychosocial variables in four independent Chinese samples, including two college student samples (n = 328), a sample of patients with depression (n = 71) and a sample of females with disabilities (n = 94). Self-report survey data were analyzed. Around 26% to 28% of participants in the three non-psychiatric samples reported hearing voices. Evidence for the differences in age, trauma exposure, overall psychopathology, depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms between VHs and non-VHs is insufficient or inconsistent across samples. There is some evidence for voice-hearing being associated with poor mental well-being, dissociation and ‘borderline personality’ symptoms. This study provides the first data regarding voice-hearing experiences and their psychosocial correlates in the Chinese context. Implications for research and practice are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 162-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1598477 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1598477 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:162-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomi Bergström Author-X-Name-First: Tomi Author-X-Name-Last: Bergström Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Author-Name: Juha Holma Author-X-Name-First: Juha Author-X-Name-Last: Holma Author-Name: Pirjo Mäki Author-X-Name-First: Pirjo Author-X-Name-Last: Mäki Author-Name: Päivi Köngäs-Saviaro Author-X-Name-First: Päivi Author-X-Name-Last: Köngäs-Saviaro Author-Name: Birgitta Alakare Author-X-Name-First: Birgitta Author-X-Name-Last: Alakare Title: How do people talk decades later about their crisis that we call psychosis? A qualitative study of the personal meaning-making process Abstract: Psychosis refers to a severe mental state that often significantly affects the individual’s life course. However, it remains unclear how people with the lived experiences themselves view these phenomena, as part of their life story. In order to evaluate this personal meaning-making process, we conducted in-depth life-story interviews with 20 people who had been diagnosed with non-affective psychosis 10 to 23 years previously in one catchment area. 35% of them were still receiving mental health treatment, and 55% of them were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Only a minority named their experiences as psychosis. On the basis of narrative analysis, two types of stories appeared to encompass how mental health crises and/or related experiences were presented as part of the life story: (i) crisis as a disruptor of the normative course of life (N= 9), and (ii) crisis as an expected reaction to life adversities (N= 7). In the majority of the stories, the mental health crisis was associated with cumulative life adversities in a central life area. Correspondingly, most of the factors that brought relief were narrated as inseparable from social and other real-life environments. We discuss the need for more person-centred and collaborative models of research and treatment. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 105-115 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1603320 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1603320 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:105-115 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen J. Wood Author-X-Name-First: Helen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Susan Brown Padilla Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Padilla Title: Peer support work on an inpatient unit for adults experiencing psychosis Abstract: Peer support work is now recognized as a valuable component of mental health services. Although a number of studies have been published, the evidence base is inconsistent. There is relatively little literature on peer support work in an inpatient context, and even less about peer support specifically for adults experiencing psychosis in an inpatient setting. Barriers to peer work in this environment may be significant, yet these potential obstacles make inpatient peer work all the more important. Indeed, some of the earliest examples of peer support derive from supporting individuals experiencing psychosis in residential settings. This first-person peer account and discussion give voice to a peer’s experience of such work, demonstrating not only that it is possible, but that its impact can be wide-reaching for both consumers and multidisciplinary teams. This peer author’s work impacts the experience of hospitalization and recovery journeys of individuals, as well as staff’s capacity to relate to consumers and provide therapeutic care. More qualitative research is needed to understand and expand on these influences. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 128-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1603321 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1603321 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:128-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy Pollyanna Goldsmith Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Pollyanna Author-X-Name-Last: Goldsmith Title: A discursive approach to narrative accounts of hearing voices and recovery Abstract: Substantive objective: To research the range of discursive constructions ‘recovered’ voice hearers employ to describe hearing voices and the implications for positioning and subjectivity (what can be thought and felt) using each construction.Methodological objective and method: To explore a ‘sympathetic’ application of Foucauldian discourse analysis, adapting Willig’s (2008) method, analysing two published accounts.Results and conclusions: Heterogeneous discursive constructions for talking about hearing voices were identified, including: ‘many-’selves’’, ‘taking-the-lead-in-your-own-recovery’, ‘voices-as-an-’imagined-world’’ and ‘voices-as-a-coping-strategy-for-dealing-with-trauma’. The discourse of the biomedical model was not prominent, suggesting alternate discursive constructions may create subjects with a greater capacity for ‘living with voices’ and create a subjectivity from which vantage point the experience holds meaning and value and can be integrated into life experiences. This research may have useful clinical applications for mental health services aiming to collaboratively explore service users’ ways of understanding hearing voices. Substantive objective: To research the range of discursive constructions ‘recovered’ voice hearers employ to describe hearing voices and the implications for positioning and subjectivity (what can be thought and felt) using each construction.Methodological objective and method: To explore a ‘sympathetic’ application of Foucauldian discourse analysis, adapting Willig’s (2008) method, analysing two published accounts.Results and conclusions: Heterogeneous discursive constructions for talking about hearing voices were identified, including: ‘many-’selves’’, ‘taking-the-lead-in-your-own-recovery’, ‘voices-as-an-’imagined-world’’ and ‘voices-as-a-coping-strategy-for-dealing-with-trauma’. The discourse of the biomedical model was not prominent, suggesting alternate discursive constructions may create subjects with a greater capacity for ‘living with voices’ and create a subjectivity from which vantage point the experience holds meaning and value and can be integrated into life experiences. This research may have useful clinical applications for mental health services aiming to collaboratively explore service users’ ways of understanding hearing voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 235-245 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.590599 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.590599 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:235-245 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Topor Author-X-Name-First: Alain Author-X-Name-Last: Topor Author-Name: Maria Mattsson Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Mattsson Author-Name: Anne Denhov Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Denhov Author-Name: Per Bülow Author-X-Name-First: Per Author-X-Name-Last: Bülow Author-Name: Sara Holmqvist Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Holmqvist Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: The Stockholm Follow-up Study of Users Diagnosed with Psychosis (SUPP): methodology, patient cohort and services Abstract: Backgroundthe de-, re- and trans-institutionalization of psychiatric care has resulted in a number of changes in the interventions available to persons with severe mental disorders.AimsThis article describes the design of a naturalistic follow-up study of persons with a psychosis diagnosis, the characteristics of the study population, and the interventions they received prior to study participation from various agencies in and outside of mental healthcare. Method: data from various registers, such as psychiatric and social services case registers, criminal records, and the cause of death register have been collected and analyzed.ResultsUnder the period 1997–2004, 42% were in contact only with out-patient care, 58% were in contact with the social services, and 2% had served prison sentences.ConclusionsStudies need to include interventions that are provided beyond the scope of psychiatric services in order to assess the extent of the existing support network and the long-term outcomes for persons with a psychosis diagnosis. The lack of a gender perspective in psychiatric research also needs to be addressed. the de-, re- and trans-institutionalization of psychiatric care has resulted in a number of changes in the interventions available to persons with severe mental disorders.This article describes the design of a naturalistic follow-up study of persons with a psychosis diagnosis, the characteristics of the study population, and the interventions they received prior to study participation from various agencies in and outside of mental healthcare. Method: data from various registers, such as psychiatric and social services case registers, criminal records, and the cause of death register have been collected and analyzed.Under the period 1997–2004, 42% were in contact only with out-patient care, 58% were in contact with the social services, and 2% had served prison sentences.Studies need to include interventions that are provided beyond the scope of psychiatric services in order to assess the extent of the existing support network and the long-term outcomes for persons with a psychosis diagnosis. The lack of a gender perspective in psychiatric research also needs to be addressed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 246-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.592986 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.592986 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:246-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Author-Name: Sandra Escher Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Escher Author-Name: Marius Romme Author-X-Name-First: Marius Author-X-Name-Last: Romme Title: Voice hearing in a biographical context: A model for formulating the relationship between voices and life history Abstract: Growing evidence suggests a meaningful association between life experience, particularly trauma and loss, and subsequent psychotic symptomatology. This paper describes a method of psychological formulation to analyse the relationship between the content and characteristics of voices (“auditory hallucinations”) and experienced adversity in the life of the voice-hearer. This systematic process of enquiry, termed a construct, is designed to explore two questions: (1) who or what might the voices represent; and (2) what social and/or emotional problems may be represented by the voices? The resulting information provides the basis for an individualized psychotherapeutic treatment plan that examines the influence of interpersonal stress in creating vulnerability for emotional crises (i.e. psychological predisposition) and the personally significant events that cluster before onset or relapse (i.e. the actual stressors which provoke voice onset or continuance). A case example using this method is presented. Growing evidence suggests a meaningful association between life experience, particularly trauma and loss, and subsequent psychotic symptomatology. This paper describes a method of psychological formulation to analyse the relationship between the content and characteristics of voices (“auditory hallucinations”) and experienced adversity in the life of the voice-hearer. This systematic process of enquiry, termed a construct, is designed to explore two questions: (1) who or what might the voices represent; and (2) what social and/or emotional problems may be represented by the voices? The resulting information provides the basis for an individualized psychotherapeutic treatment plan that examines the influence of interpersonal stress in creating vulnerability for emotional crises (i.e. psychological predisposition) and the personally significant events that cluster before onset or relapse (i.e. the actual stressors which provoke voice onset or continuance). A case example using this method is presented. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 224-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.596566 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.596566 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:224-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Robbins Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins Title: The primordial mind and the psychoses Abstract: Primordial mental activity (PMA) is a normal way that mind works both in learning and expression that is qualitatively different from rational realistic self-reflective thought. It appears to have a distinctive neurological circuitry and to be present from the onset of life. It is driven by somatic sensation and affect, it is enactive and concrete, holistic and de-centered, and produces states of belief and actualization that disregard time and logical causality and do not distinguish internal from external reality. This modality is responsible for dreaming and it predominates in infancy and early childhood. In normal adult life many of its manifestations are ordinarily suppressed (unconscious) and others are more or less adaptively controlled and regulated by thought, including parent-infant bonding, spiritual states and creativity. In pathogenic developmental circumstances that thwart the development of thought and the integration of thought and PMA, the manifestations of PMA predominate in socially maladaptive ways we know as psychoses. Primordial mental activity (PMA) is a normal way that mind works both in learning and expression that is qualitatively different from rational realistic self-reflective thought. It appears to have a distinctive neurological circuitry and to be present from the onset of life. It is driven by somatic sensation and affect, it is enactive and concrete, holistic and de-centered, and produces states of belief and actualization that disregard time and logical causality and do not distinguish internal from external reality. This modality is responsible for dreaming and it predominates in infancy and early childhood. In normal adult life many of its manifestations are ordinarily suppressed (unconscious) and others are more or less adaptively controlled and regulated by thought, including parent-infant bonding, spiritual states and creativity. In pathogenic developmental circumstances that thwart the development of thought and the integration of thought and PMA, the manifestations of PMA predominate in socially maladaptive ways we know as psychoses. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 258-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.605905 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.605905 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:258-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Magdalena Pietruch Author-X-Name-First: Magdalena Author-X-Name-Last: Pietruch Author-Name: Laura Jobson Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Jobson Title: Posttraumatic growth and recovery in people with first episode psychosis: an investigation into the role of self-disclosure Abstract: The study investigated the relationship of self-disclosure about a psychotic episode to posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttraumatic growth (PTG) and recovery following psychosis. Thirty-four participants who had experienced a first episode of psychosis completed the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, Disclosure of Trauma Questionnaire (a measure of need for, and resistance to, disclosure), a measure of actual self-disclosure, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Process of Recovery Questionnaire. The results highlighted that degree of self-disclosure about a psychotic episode was associated with lower levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and higher levels of PTG and recovery. Low PTSD symptoms, high recovery, high actual self-disclosure and low reluctance to talk were significantly related to high PTG. However, only low levels of PTSD symptoms significantly predicted recovery. Finally, recovery was found to mediate the relationship between self-disclosure and PTG. The findings are discussed in terms of the PTG model. Clinically, the findings suggest that people with early psychosis may benefit from disclosing their experiences of psychosis, including those aspects that were traumatic, as this may support the processes of recovery and PTG. The study investigated the relationship of self-disclosure about a psychotic episode to posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttraumatic growth (PTG) and recovery following psychosis. Thirty-four participants who had experienced a first episode of psychosis completed the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, Disclosure of Trauma Questionnaire (a measure of need for, and resistance to, disclosure), a measure of actual self-disclosure, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Process of Recovery Questionnaire. The results highlighted that degree of self-disclosure about a psychotic episode was associated with lower levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and higher levels of PTG and recovery. Low PTSD symptoms, high recovery, high actual self-disclosure and low reluctance to talk were significantly related to high PTG. However, only low levels of PTSD symptoms significantly predicted recovery. Finally, recovery was found to mediate the relationship between self-disclosure and PTG. The findings are discussed in terms of the PTG model. Clinically, the findings suggest that people with early psychosis may benefit from disclosing their experiences of psychosis, including those aspects that were traumatic, as this may support the processes of recovery and PTG. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 213-223 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.608434 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.608434 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:213-223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Catherine Marshall Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall Author-Name: Erin Falukozi Author-X-Name-First: Erin Author-X-Name-Last: Falukozi Author-Name: Monica Albertin Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Albertin Author-Name: Haifeng Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Haifeng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Jean Addington Author-X-Name-First: Jean Author-X-Name-Last: Addington Title: The development of the Content of Attenuated Positive Symptoms Codebook for those at clinical high risk of psychosis Abstract: Examining the content of psychotic symptoms may be relevant for understanding symptom development particularly in those in the very early stages of psychosis. The Content of Attenuated Positive Symptoms codebook was developed as a means to overcome methodological issues in the current literature. Three separate samples at clinical high risk of psychosis were used to develop, modify and finalize the codebook. The inter-rater reliability was moderate to excellent. Specific content items were consistently endorsed across samples. This codebook offers a reliable way to assess content in the clinical high-risk population. Examining the content of psychotic symptoms may be relevant for understanding symptom development particularly in those in the very early stages of psychosis. The Content of Attenuated Positive Symptoms codebook was developed as a means to overcome methodological issues in the current literature. Three separate samples at clinical high risk of psychosis were used to develop, modify and finalize the codebook. The inter-rater reliability was moderate to excellent. Specific content items were consistently endorsed across samples. This codebook offers a reliable way to assess content in the clinical high-risk population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 191-202 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.626070 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.626070 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:191-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erin Falukozi Author-X-Name-First: Erin Author-X-Name-Last: Falukozi Author-Name: Jean Addington Author-X-Name-First: Jean Author-X-Name-Last: Addington Title: Impact of trauma on attenuated psychotic symptoms Abstract: Evidence that trauma may play a role in the development of a psychotic illness has lead researchers to investigate the relationship between trauma and the content of attenuated psychotic symptoms. Participants in this study were considered to be at clinical high risk for developing psychosis by meeting criteria for attenuated positive symptom syndrome based on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. Trained raters used a specifically designed codebook to identify content in the vignettes of 45 participants. Various types of trauma that had occurred before age 16 were assessed, where participants who endorsed more types of trauma were considered to have experienced a greater amount of trauma. Spearman rank correlations revealed significant positive relationships between increased trauma and feeling watched or followed (rho = 0.38, p < 0.05) and false beliefs of status or power (rho = 0.31, p < 0.04). Significant negative relationships were observed between increased trauma and hearing non-negative voices (rho = −0.39, p < 0.01) as well as having unusual negative thoughts surrounding the self (rho = −0.31, p < 0.05). Although this was a small sample, these findings support the possibility of a meaningful relationship between experiences of trauma and the content of attenuated positive symptoms. Evidence that trauma may play a role in the development of a psychotic illness has lead researchers to investigate the relationship between trauma and the content of attenuated psychotic symptoms. Participants in this study were considered to be at clinical high risk for developing psychosis by meeting criteria for attenuated positive symptom syndrome based on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. Trained raters used a specifically designed codebook to identify content in the vignettes of 45 participants. Various types of trauma that had occurred before age 16 were assessed, where participants who endorsed more types of trauma were considered to have experienced a greater amount of trauma. Spearman rank correlations revealed significant positive relationships between increased trauma and feeling watched or followed (rho = 0.38, p < 0.05) and false beliefs of status or power (rho = 0.31, p < 0.04). Significant negative relationships were observed between increased trauma and hearing non-negative voices (rho = −0.39, p < 0.01) as well as having unusual negative thoughts surrounding the self (rho = −0.31, p < 0.05). Although this was a small sample, these findings support the possibility of a meaningful relationship between experiences of trauma and the content of attenuated positive symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 203-212 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.626867 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.626867 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:203-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ronald Bassman Author-X-Name-First: Ronald Author-X-Name-Last: Bassman Title: Never give up Abstract: Four decades after being diagnosed and treated for schizophrenia, the author shares what he feels can be helpful. His transformative journey from being locked in seclusion and being treated with insulin comas and massive amounts of drugs to becoming a licensed psychologist, activist and teacher is described as a means of inspiring hope and perseverance. An invitation is made to think critically about our current state of knowledge and to look at why and how we keep making variations of the same old mistakes. The author speculates on the benefits that can be brought to communities when normal is less rigidly defined and difference is not automatically judged undesirable and in need of modification. Four decades after being diagnosed and treated for schizophrenia, the author shares what he feels can be helpful. His transformative journey from being locked in seclusion and being treated with insulin comas and massive amounts of drugs to becoming a licensed psychologist, activist and teacher is described as a means of inspiring hope and perseverance. An invitation is made to think critically about our current state of knowledge and to look at why and how we keep making variations of the same old mistakes. The author speculates on the benefits that can be brought to communities when normal is less rigidly defined and difference is not automatically judged undesirable and in need of modification. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 269-274 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.678374 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.678374 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:269-274 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: De-medicalizing misery: Psychiatry, psychology, and the human condition Journal: Psychosis Pages: 275-277 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.718356 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.718356 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:275-277 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Martindale Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Martindale Title: Freud’s Schreber: Between psychiatry and psychoanalysis Journal: Psychosis Pages: 277-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.719242 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.719242 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:277-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Title: A level playing field?: Are bio-genetic and psychosocial studies evaluated by the same standards? Abstract: In light of critiques of the first meta-analysis of studies examining the relationship of childhood adversities to psychosis, two of the authors of the meta-analysis ask whether the same criteria are used to evaluate bio-genetic and psycho-social research into the causes of psychosis. In light of critiques of the first meta-analysis of studies examining the relationship of childhood adversities to psychosis, two of the authors of the meta-analysis ask whether the same criteria are used to evaluate bio-genetic and psycho-social research into the causes of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 183-190 Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.729856 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.729856 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:183-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Psychosis: Psychological, Social and Integrative Approaches Journal: Psychosis Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 3 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.733565 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.733565 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:3:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aarati Taksal Author-X-Name-First: Aarati Author-X-Name-Last: Taksal Author-Name: Paulomi M. Sudhir Author-X-Name-First: Paulomi M. Author-X-Name-Last: Sudhir Author-Name: Keshav Kumar Janakiprasad Author-X-Name-First: Keshav Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Janakiprasad Author-Name: Deepashree Viswanath Author-X-Name-First: Deepashree Author-X-Name-Last: Viswanath Author-Name: Jagadisha Thirthalli Author-X-Name-First: Jagadisha Author-X-Name-Last: Thirthalli Title: Impact of the Integrated Psychological Treatment (IPT) on social cognition, social skills and functioning in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia: A feasibility study from India Abstract: We examined the effectiveness of the Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT) on social cognition, social skills and functioning in people diagnosed with `schizophrenia' from the Indian subcontinent, using a single group design with baseline, post and 3-month follow-up assessments. Twenty-nine clinically stable persons diagnosed with SZ were recruited and assessed on specified outcomes measures. They received 16–20 individual sessions of IPT over 2.5–3 months. The content of the IPT was culturally adapted. The first four modules of IPT were delivered. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) for the completers sample (N = 23) indicated significant improvements in social cognition, social skills, functioning and symptoms, which support the feasibility of the IPT in this setting. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 214-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1088058 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1088058 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:214-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rodrigo Sinott Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Author-X-Name-Last: Sinott Author-Name: Ana Luiza Franco Author-X-Name-First: Ana Luiza Author-X-Name-Last: Franco Author-Name: Fábio Schimidt Author-X-Name-First: Fábio Author-X-Name-Last: Schimidt Author-Name: Cinthia Hiroko Higuchi Author-X-Name-First: Cinthia Hiroko Author-X-Name-Last: Higuchi Author-Name: Gerardo Maria de Araújo Filho Author-X-Name-First: Gerardo Maria de Author-X-Name-Last: Araújo Filho Author-Name: Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Affonseca Author-X-Name-Last: Bressan Author-Name: Ary Gadelha Author-X-Name-First: Ary Author-X-Name-Last: Gadelha Author-Name: Bruno Bertolucci Ortiz Author-X-Name-First: Bruno Bertolucci Author-X-Name-Last: Ortiz Title: What do bizarre delusions mean in schizophrenia? Abstract: Background: Bizarre delusions are a hallmark of schizophrenia. The symptom “Unusual Thought Content” (G9) of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (Kay, S.R., Flszbein, A., & Opfer, L.A. (1987). The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13, 261–276.) is defined as “thinking characterized by strange, fantastic, or bizarre ideas, ranging from those which are remote or atypical to those which are distorted, illogical and patently absurd”. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between symptom severity as assessed by PANSS component G9 and the delusional content communicated by the patient. Methods: We compared the G9 PANSS scores between patients with 2, 3, 4, and 5 types of delusions. After that, clinical and demographic variables were compared between patients with G9 ≤ 4 (absent to moderate severity score) and patients with G9 ≥ 5 (severe to extreme severity score). Result: Patients with more types of delusions tended to have higher G9 mean scores. Patients at first episode of psychosis (P = 0.033), and with early response to antipsychotic (P = 0.001) tended to present lower G9 scores. Conclusions: This finding suggests that the clinical notion of “bizarreness” is more associated with a chaotic diversity of delusional themes out of context than with a single systematized delusional core. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 270-276 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1100668 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1100668 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:270-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Tanya Marie Luhrmann Author-X-Name-First: Tanya Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Luhrmann Title: Beyond the sensory: Findings from an in-depth analysis of the phenomenology of “auditory hallucinations” in schizophrenia Abstract: Objective: Research concerning the subjective sensory qualities of auditory hallucinations (AH) in people diagnosed with schizophrenia is scarce. Our goal was to investigate the “auditoriness” of AH and their overlap with symptoms grounded in alterations of thought rather than perception.Method: We undertook a detailed analysis of phenomenological interviews with 80 schizophrenia-spectrum voice-hearers.Results: We coded the dominant voice patterns of our subjects and found that only a minority (17.5%) reported a dominant pattern of AH which were experienced as literally auditory. Of dominant AH patterns, 11.3% were instead described as only quasi- or partially auditory, 28.8% as involving a combination of distinctly auditory and thought-like voices, and 15% as unambiguously thought-like. In addition, 5% reported exclusively simple, short-duration AH (e.g. hearing a single word), 12.5% the misperception of actual speech or sounds, and 10% predominantly multisensory voices. We also found substantial overlap between voices and symptoms traditionally considered abnormalities of thought rather than sensation.Conclusion: We believe these findings challenge common assumptions about AH in people diagnosed with schizophrenia, draw attention to potentially important but under-recognized characteristics of voices, and suggest a need for greater recognition of the heterogeneity of voices and the potential clinical as well as theoretical risks of conceptual over-simplification. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 191-202 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1100670 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1100670 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:191-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Parker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: A medical psychotherapist’s journey learning Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychosis Abstract: A medical therapist’s journey learning to use Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychosis is described. This experience provided a potential pathway to improved engagement through the provision of optimism, hope and respect for the others’ personhood. However, risks associated with such therapeutic engagement and the capacity of mental health services to support this work need to be considered. The impacts of this training on the clinical practice of the author are described with emphasis on the behaviour and attitudes of the therapist. Training in CBTp was a highly valued experience, and opportunities to complete this should be made routinely available to trainee psychiatrists. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 277-283 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1123286 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1123286 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:277-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Haarmans Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Haarmans Author-Name: Victoria Vass Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Vass Author-Name: Richard P. Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard P. Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Title: Voices’ use of gender, race and other social categories to undermine female voice-hearers: Implications for incorporating intersectionality within CBT for psychosis Abstract: Great strides have been made in understanding the impact of social inequality on the risk of developing psychotic experiences. However, little is known about the influence of intersecting social categories such as gender, race and class on the experience and expression of psychotic phenomena. Intersectionality, a framework recently advanced in psychology, examines the joint impact of multiple forms of marginalisation on well-being. We adopted this approach to develop a codebook and analyse the voice content of 44 women diagnosed with schizophrenia for the ways in which social categories are used to undermine and/or affirm voice-hearers. Over half of the sample included women with ethnic-minority status. The coding system was reliable. Gendered conditions of worth were used by voices to undermine by far the majority (40) of women and racialised conditions of worth over half (14) the ethnic-minority women. We conclude that voice content often reflects social categories and structural inequalities in society and discuss implications for CBT for psychosis when working with women of majority and ethnic-minority statuses. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 203-213 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1131323 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1131323 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:203-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sasha Walters Author-X-Name-First: Sasha Author-X-Name-Last: Walters Author-Name: Lorna Hogg Author-X-Name-First: Lorna Author-X-Name-Last: Hogg Author-Name: Chris Gillmore Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Gillmore Title: Evaluation of a tailored training programme to improve the assessment and treatment of trauma in an Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) service Abstract: The correlation of psychosis and the experience of traumatic events is widely recognised in the literature and by NICE guidelines. Research suggests that around two-thirds of patients are not asked about trauma, and guidance for treatment is limited. The aim of the current study was to improve adherence to evidence-based practice by identifying, and reducing, barriers to the assessment and treatment of complex trauma in early intervention (EI) patients. The Plan Do Study Act model of service improvement was employed to guide the intervention delivered to an EI staff team. This included completing a focus group to identify staff needs and the development and delivery of a training programme which met these needs. A questionnaire was developed to assess the impact of the intervention at reducing barriers to assessing and treating trauma. The training package significantly improved staff members’ confidence and knowledge in assessing and treating trauma, and marginally reduced worries. Improvement was maintained after 6 months of implementing skills despite team restructuring. Consideration of the impact for service users, relevance of this intervention for similar services and directions for future progression are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 226-237 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1131324 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1131324 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:226-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katarzyna Prot-Klinger Author-X-Name-First: Katarzyna Author-X-Name-Last: Prot-Klinger Title: Difficulties in diagnosing psychotic patients with traumatic experiences. Why don’t we hear what our patients say? Abstract: The relationship between traumatic experience and psychosis is exemplified in this paper by two cases. The first patient was described by Maurycy Bornstein in 1916. The other is a Holocaust survivor currently provided psychotherapy by the author. Both cases demonstrate that trauma may underpin psychotic disorders and that the contents of psychotic symptoms may closely relate to traumatic experiences. Interpretation of symptom contents depends largely on the therapist’s ability to recognize trauma cues in the material provided by the patient. The Bornstein case shows how difficult it can be for us therapists to hear contents that relate to our repressed fears since such cues undermine our sense of security and comprehensibility of the surrounding world. The other case evidences the constant presence of the “Shoah complex” involving guilt feelings, and also the resulting difficulties in thinking and talking about the Holocaust in the community of therapists in Poland. The essential component of any therapy for people with psychotic symptoms and a history of trauma consists in helping them to connect these events and contain feelings of fear, shame and guilt. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 260-269 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1131325 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1131325 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:260-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Eilish M. Burke Author-X-Name-First: Eilish M. Author-X-Name-Last: Burke Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Examining service user experiences of a Cognitive Therapy intervention for self-stigma in psychosis Abstract: The internalisation of stigma is a common difficulty for people who experience psychosis. A small evidence base of conflicting findings has emerged for psychological interventions, including Cognitive Therapy (CT), in alleviating self-stigma. The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of service users who had undertaken a CT intervention targeting self-stigma in psychosis. Eight service users with experiences of psychosis took part in this study. They had all undertaken an individual CT intervention for self-stigma as part of a pilot randomised controlled trial. A semi-structured interview was conducted examining their subjective experiences of the intervention. Data were analysed using thematic analysis methodology. The analysis identified three distinct themes: what helped, what hindered and what came of it. What helped incorporated the beneficial change mechanisms of the CT intervention; what hindered identified specific challenges of the intervention; and what came of it described the consequences and outcomes of receiving the intervention. Overall, CT for self-stigma was found to be valuable by the majority of participants. The therapeutic relationship, psychoeducation, and normalisation were identified as the most important factors of therapy. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 238-249 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1135184 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1135184 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:238-249 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon Author-X-Name-First: Ilanit Author-X-Name-Last: Hasson-Ohayon Author-Name: Goni Lerer Author-X-Name-First: Goni Author-X-Name-Last: Lerer Author-Name: Rivka Tuval-Mashiach Author-X-Name-First: Rivka Author-X-Name-Last: Tuval-Mashiach Author-Name: Eyal Shamir Author-X-Name-First: Eyal Author-X-Name-Last: Shamir Author-Name: David Roe Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Roe Title: Having someone waiting for you outside: Transitions from psychiatric hospitalization to the community Abstract: The current study aims at gaining a better understanding of the transition phase from psychiatric hospitalization back to the community, using qualitative methodology and narrative analysis. This purpose of the study was to learn from the personal life stories of 15 people diagnosed with schizophrenia who had just returned to the community following a psychiatric hospitalization. Analysis of the narratives revealed different characteristics of the transition phase. In addition to oscillation between feelings of strength and vitality to vulnerability and despair, participants reported specific factors that contributed to their transition. These factors included social, familial, employment and professional aspects. The results emphasize the non-linear nature of the transition process and the special challenges involved. Results also stress the importance of supportive relationships and work. Based on the results, recommendations for interventions tailored to the delicate transition stage are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 250-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1145731 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1145731 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:250-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claire Bien Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Bien Title: Psychosis and emotion: the role of emotions in understanding psychosis, therapy and recovery Journal: Psychosis Pages: 284-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1185454 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1185454 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:284-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Frost Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Frost Author-Name: Maria Louison Vang Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Louison Vang Author-Name: Thanos Karatzias Author-X-Name-First: Thanos Author-X-Name-Last: Karatzias Author-Name: Philip Hyland Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Hyland Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Title: The distribution of psychosis, ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD symptoms among a trauma-exposed UK general population sample Abstract: Background: Co-occurrence of psychosis and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms has been demonstrated, but the ICD-11 marks a significant divergence in the formulation of PTSD with a focus on the core symptoms and the addition of complex PTSD (CPTSD).Objective: To evaluate the distribution of psychosis and traumatic stress symptoms using the ICD-11 conceptualisation of PTSD and CPTSD.Method: A latent class analysis was conducted on psychosis symptoms, PTSD and CPTSD among a random adult sample from the UK general population with a history of traumatic events (N = 1,051).Results: Six classes were identified; a low-symptom class, a PTSD-class, a CPTSD-class, a class characterized by disturbances in self-organization alone as well as two classes characterized by CPTSD and various levels of psychosis symptom endorsement. Cumulative childhood adversity predicted membership of the PTSD, CPTSD and comorbid classes in a dose-response manner with the strongest effects observed for classes characterised by comorbid symptoms.Conclusion: The present study confirms the co-occurrence of psychosis symptoms and ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD. Psychosis symptoms did not emerge in isolation from traumatic stress symptoms, underpinning the need for a greater recognition of psychosis symptoms as part of the broader clinical picture among trauma-exposed populations. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 187-198 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1626472 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1626472 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:187-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: William Smythe Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Smythe Author-Name: Philip Anscombe Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Anscombe Title: Conflict, compromise and collusion: dilemmas for psychosocially-oriented practitioners in the mental health system Abstract: The nature and causes of mental health problems are contested. The dominant approach in services views them as “illnesses like any other”. The structure, legislative base and practices of mainstream mental health services are largely predicated on this idea, known variously as the medical, illness, disease or diagnostic model. By contrast, psychosocial theories highlight the role of the events and circumstances of peoples’ lives. The tension between these two approaches can lead to challenges and dilemmas for psychosocially oriented practitioners. Clinical psychologists participated in interviews and a focus group about these challenges and how they managed them. A grounded theory was constructed which suggested that their responses took three forms: openly “dissenting” (conflict), strategically “stepping into” the medical model (compromise), or inadvertently “slipping” into it (colluding). Strategies for managing the challenges included focusing on clients; foregrounding clients’ contexts and understandings; holding the tension between “expert” and “not-knowing” approaches; using ordinary language; forging robust working relationships; being mindful of difference and of constraints on colleagues; recognising one’s power and ability to influence; self-care and work/life balance; taking encouragement from small changes; consolidating a personal philosophy; mutual support and solidarity; drawing on scholarship and finally engaging in activism outside work. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 199-211 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1582687 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1582687 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:199-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laysha Ostrow Author-X-Name-First: Laysha Author-X-Name-Last: Ostrow Author-Name: Bevin Croft Author-X-Name-First: Bevin Author-X-Name-Last: Croft Author-Name: Anne Weaver Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Weaver Author-Name: Sarah Naeger Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Naeger Title: An exploratory analysis of the role of social supports in psychiatric medication discontinuation: results related to family involvement Abstract: Objective: Individuals in psychiatric treatment frequently choose to stop taking psychiatric medications, but little is known about the role of social supports in this process.Methods: This service user-led study of 194 adults who sought to completely discontinue prescribed psychiatric medications explores the role of various groups that may be a source of social support. Respondents who attempted to discontinue medication completed a web survey. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to explore the relationship of social support to discontinuation.Results: Of all social support groups, only family was significantly associated with medication discontinuation. Respondents who rated family as helpful in the discontinuation process were less likely to completely discontinue than those who rated family as unhelpful or who reported no family involvement. Additionally, we observed a statistically significant but nonlinear relationship where respondents who rated their families as either “very supportive” or “very unsupportive” of the decision to discontinue were less likely to meet their original discontinuation goal than those with more neutral ratings.Discussion: The results of this study suggest families have an important and complex role in medication decision-making. Efforts to improve the quality of social networks should include family, as should future research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 212-222 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1615110 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1615110 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:212-222 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Heavens Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Heavens Author-Name: Kelsey Odgers Author-X-Name-First: Kelsey Author-X-Name-Last: Odgers Author-Name: Joanne Hodgekins Author-X-Name-First: Joanne Author-X-Name-Last: Hodgekins Title: Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety in psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Abstract: Background: Anxiety is common in people with psychosis. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for anxiety in people without psychosis. Given the prevalence of anxiety in those with psychosis, the efficacy of CBT in this population is important to consider. This review and meta-analysis therefore investigates the efficacy of CBT for anxiety in people with psychosis.Method: Twenty-nine studies were identified through systematic review, including controlled, uncontrolled and case report designs. Seventeen controlled and uncontrolled studies were included in the quantitative synthesis.Results: A medium, significant effect was found at post-treatment and follow-up when controlled and uncontrolled data were combined. For controlled between-groups data only, a small, significant effect was found at post-treatment and follow-up. The effect of CBT for anxiety on psychotic symptoms was investigated, resulting in a medium, significant effect for controlled and uncontrolled post-treatment data and a small, significant effect for controlled between-group data.Conclusions: CBT might have some effect in treating anxiety in people with psychosis. However, this review highlights a lack of scientifically rigorous studies in this area. Further research is required, including the use of well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Journal: Psychosis Pages: 223-237 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1618380 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1618380 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:223-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tara Hickey Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey Author-Name: Kimberly Buck Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly Author-X-Name-Last: Buck Author-Name: So-An Lao Author-X-Name-First: So-An Author-X-Name-Last: Lao Author-Name: Barnaby Nelson Author-X-Name-First: Barnaby Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: Graham Meadows Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Meadows Title: The use of formal criteria to assess psychological models of hallucinations: a systematic review Abstract: Objectives: Our aim was to explore the application of systematic criteria proposed by Bentall, Corcoran, Howard, Black and Kinderman (2001) to determine whether they are helpful in determining the quality of psychological models, which are used to develop and guide treatment.Method: We chose to conduct a systematic review of models of hallucinations. PsycINFO, MEDLINE and PubMED were used to identify relevant articles. Each model was classified as a high, medium or low level of fit with the criteria.Results: Nineteen models met the inclusion criteria. Two models were a high level of fit, twelve a medium level of fit while the rest were a low level of fit. Some difficulties were encountered applying the criteria and are discussed.Conclusions: Bentall et al.’s (2001) criteria proved useful. Frith’s (2015) and Hoffman’s (1986) models were deemed the best level of fit. The role of self-monitoring and language-production processes in hallucination formation may merit further investigation. There is an outstanding need for international standardized guidelines to advance the quality of psychological models to assist the design and delivery of more effective interventions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 238-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1607892 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1607892 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:238-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeremy M. Ridenour Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ridenour Author-Name: Jay A. Hamm Author-X-Name-First: Jay A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hamm Author-Name: Meg Czaja Author-X-Name-First: Meg Author-X-Name-Last: Czaja Title: A review of psychotherapeutic models and treatments for psychosis Abstract: Despite long-standing pessimism, it is now widely recognized that individuals with psychosis can recover if offered meaningful psychotherapeutic treatments. This paper provides an overview of psychotherapeutic approaches and models for treatment for individuals who experience psychosis. We selected psychotherapeutic models from diverse theoretical orientations (e.g. cognitive-behavioral, acceptance and commitment therapy, psychodynamic, and integrative) to highlight different treatment philosophies and models for interventions. Although some of these therapies have yet to establish an empirically supported evidence base, they have been selected for review in light of their respective emerging literatures and because they offer distinct methods of understanding and treating severe ‘mental illness’. This review article provides clinicians with different approaches to treatment that will allow them to explore various interventions to provide integrative care for individuals experiencing psychosis. This paper indicates that evidence-based psychotherapies for psychosis are just emerging and that newer therapies should be considered to provide a range of treatment options. More research is needed to develop efficacious treatments that not only alleviate distress but also promote meaningful recovery for individuals with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 248-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1615111 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1615111 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:248-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Fowler Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler Author-Name: Joanne Hodgekins Author-X-Name-First: Joanne Author-X-Name-Last: Hodgekins Author-Name: Clio Berry Author-X-Name-First: Clio Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Timothy Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Author-Name: Jasper Palmier-Claus Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Palmier-Claus Author-Name: Catarina Sacadura Author-X-Name-First: Catarina Author-X-Name-Last: Sacadura Author-Name: Adam Graham Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Graham Author-Name: Christine Lowen Author-X-Name-First: Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Lowen Author-Name: Ann Steele Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Steele Author-Name: Katherine Pugh Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Pugh Author-Name: Samantha Fraser Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Fraser Author-Name: Mike Fitzsimmons Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzsimmons Author-Name: Paul French Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: French Title: Social recovery therapy: a treatment manual Abstract: Social Recovery Therapy is an individual psychosocial therapy developed for people with psychosis. The therapy aims to improve social recovery through increasing the amount of time individuals spend in meaningful structured activity. Social Recovery Therapy draws on our model of social disability arising as functional patterns of withdrawal in response to early socio-emotional difficulties and compounded by low hopefulness, self-agency and motivation. The core components of Social Recovery Therapy include using an assertive outreach approach to promote a positive therapeutic relationship, with the focus of the intervention on using active behavioural work conducted outside the clinical room and promoting hope, values, meaning, and positive schema. The therapy draws on traditional Cognitive Behavioural Therapy techniques but differs with respect to the increased use of behavioural and multi-systemic work, the focus on the development of hopefulness and positive self, and the inclusion of elements of case management and supported employment. Our treatment trials provide evidence for the therapy leading to clinically meaningful increases in structured activity for individuals experiencing first episode and longer-term psychosis. In this paper, we present the core intervention components with examples in order to facilitate evaluation and implementation of the approach. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 261-272 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1607891 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1607891 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:261-272 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Rotenberg Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Rotenberg Author-Name: Andrew Tuck Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Tuck Author-Name: Kwame McKenzie Author-X-Name-First: Kwame Author-X-Name-Last: McKenzie Title: The role of ethnicity in involuntary psychiatric admission in Toronto, Canada in clients presenting with psychosis Abstract: In the UK, clients from black and minority ethnic groups experience higher rates of involuntary admission. In Canada, despite increasing immigration and diversity, this issue has not been a research focus. This retrospective study examined whether odds of admission, specifically involuntary admission, differed in a sample of 765 clients presenting with psychosis from six different ethnic groups. It was hypothesized that South and East Asian clients would be more likely to be admitted involuntarily. Logistic regression models were constructed from data that is routinely collected on clients who were admitted to hospital. The hypothesis was not supported and ethnicity did not predict admission. Future research should utilize administrative data and focus on equitable access to services in the community. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 273-276 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1612461 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1612461 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:273-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandro Germani Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Germani Author-Name: Marianna Ambrosecchia Author-X-Name-First: Marianna Author-X-Name-Last: Ambrosecchia Author-Name: Livia Buratta Author-X-Name-First: Livia Author-X-Name-Last: Buratta Author-Name: Maurizio Peciccia Author-X-Name-First: Maurizio Author-X-Name-Last: Peciccia Author-Name: Claudia Mazzeschi Author-X-Name-First: Claudia Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzeschi Author-Name: Vittorio Gallese Author-X-Name-First: Vittorio Author-X-Name-Last: Gallese Title: Constructing the sense of self in psychosis using the amniotic therapy: a single case study Abstract: Some people diagnosed with “schizophrenia” showed a fundamental alteration of the sense of self. From a psychodynamic perspective, it has been hypothesized that patients diagnosed as schizophrenic have disorders of the embodied self and its boundaries. Phenomenologically, it has been observed a self-disorder, at an implicit and pre-reflective level of bodily awareness. Neuroscientific evidence seems to confirm the aforementioned aspects. The mean levels of Interoceptive Accuracy (IA), which is an objective empirical measure of interoception, namely a measure of basic awareness distinct from subjective measures, are significantly lower in patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia than among healthy controls. Affiliative touch is crucial for constructing a basic sense of self and its boundaries, and it affects interoception. In order to reduce the disturbance of the sense of self, Angelo participated for three years in an experimental intervention plan including Amniotic Therapy (AT) and individual psychodynamic psychotherapy. AT is a group-therapy based on sensory-motor interactions, especially affiliative touch, similar to those involved in “holding”. Results showed an increase in the Angelo’s IA and global functioning, as well as a significant decrease in positive symptoms. In Angelo, AT seems to strengthen a basic sense of self, reducing self-disorder. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 277-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1618381 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1618381 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:277-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Benjamin Gray Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin Author-X-Name-Last: Gray Title: Peer support in mental health hospital—a shared experience and journey Abstract: This paper describes peer support in mental health hospital from a service user’s first person account. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 282-283 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1575897 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1575897 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:282-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Phoebe Friesen Author-X-Name-First: Phoebe Author-X-Name-Last: Friesen Title: Psycurity: colonialism, paranoia, and the war on imagination Journal: Psychosis Pages: 284-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1626474 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1626474 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:284-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: Gary Adamson Author-X-Name-First: Gary Author-X-Name-Last: Adamson Author-Name: James Houston Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Houston Title: From sexual abuse to psychosis: A pilot study exploring the social deafferentation hypothesis and the mediating role of avoidance Abstract: The social deafferentation hypothesis posits that social withdrawal in vulnerable individuals may result in anomalous perceptual and cognitive experiences that are consistent with psychotic hallucinations and delusions. Both psychosis vulnerability and social withdrawal are characteristic of many individuals who have experienced sexual abuse and a growing literature continues to document associations between experiences of sexual abuse and psychosis. The current study investigated if avoidant personality traits (characterised by social withdrawal) mediated the relationship between sexual abuse and psychosis symptom experience. Using data from the British Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (N = 8580), a mediation model was specified and estimated. The estimates showed that the regression coefficients of avoidant personality traits on sexual abuse (B =.70), psychosis scores on avoidant personality traits (B = .09), and psychosis scores on sexual abuse (B =.45) were statistically significant. The mediated effect of sexual abuse on psychosis scores via avoidant personality traits was also significant (B = .06). The parameters of this mediated model were statistically significant after controlling for a range of demographic variables and potential risk factors for psychosis. Avoidance and social deafferentation may constitute a plausible hypothesis for exploring experiences of psychosis among victims of sexual abuse in some cases. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 36-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.622781 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.622781 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:36-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Brosnan Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Brosnan Author-Name: Chris Ashwin Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Ashwin Author-Name: Tim Gamble Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Gamble Title: Greater Empathizing and reduced Systemizing in people who show a jumping to conclusions bias in the general population: Implications for psychosis Abstract: Background: Females generally perform better than males on some measures of social processing (e.g. Empathizing), while males typically perform better than females on some measures of non-social processing (e.g. Systemizing). Extremes of these sex-typical cognitive profiles are associated with the development and maintenance of certain psychiatric disorders. For example, the autism-psychosis model predicts psychosis spectrum conditions can be characterized as a cognitive pattern of very poor Systemizing alongside superior Empathizing ability (autism demonstrating the diametrically opposing cognitive profile). However, little experimental research has been carried out to date testing the cognitive profile associated with psychosis. Methods: The present study used a large non-clinical sample to investigate the relationship between a “jumping to conclusions” (JTC) reasoning bias commonly seen in patients with delusions and measures of Empathizing and Systemizing. Results: Those showing a JTC bias demonstrated greater Empathizing and reduced Systemizing compared to a non-JTC group, irrespective of biological sex. Sex differences were identified in Empathizing and Systemizing but not the JTC. Conclusions: These results show a cognitive pattern consistent with predictions from the autism-psychosis model. In a non-clinical population, a reasoning bias associated with delusions is associated with an Emphasizing/Systemizing profile opposite to that characteristic of autism. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 71-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.626526 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.626526 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:71-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warren Schwartz Author-X-Name-First: Warren Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz Title: Schizophrenia, cultural marginalization, and dissociation of the body: An application of Ernest Becker’s work to psychotherapy Abstract: Ernest Becker highlights the experience-limiting function of culture. Without such restriction, life, in all of its mystery and terror, is just too much for the self-conscious animal to bear. Culture has developed as a result of a need to minimize the force of life and anxiety associated with the inevitability of death. Successfully socialized individuals can envelop themselves in a death-denying and life-directing and limiting symbolic order. The set of symptoms we think of as schizophrenia are, on the one hand, associated with an inability to link up with the experience-managing, death-anxiety buffering, cultural order, and on the other, with the tendency to remain split off from the body. Individuals with the diagnosis of schizophrenia often do not rely on repression to manage their experience, but instead on the insufficient defense of dissociation. The paradoxical result of the dissociative defense is an overwhelming and terrifying experience. Successful psychotherapy involves helping the fearful, traumatized and interpersonally distant patient tolerate and even welcome body and affect. The attachment with the psychotherapist unblocks affect through an undoing of dissociative processes and a linking of the patient with the consensual, repression-based, symbolic order. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 26-35 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.639900 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.639900 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:26-35 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Author-Name: Michael Marriott Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Marriott Author-Name: Rebecca Knowles Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles Author-Name: Georgina Rowse Author-X-Name-First: Georgina Author-X-Name-Last: Rowse Author-Name: Andrew Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Title: What is psychosis? A meta-synthesis of inductive qualitative studies exploring the experience of psychosis Abstract: Qualitative studies have played an important role in elucidating the lived experience of psychosis and there has recently been an increase in the number of such studies. There is now an urgent need to draw together the findings of these studies. This paper performed a meta-synthesis of inductive qualitative peer-reviewed research into psychosis. Ninety-seven articles were identified for systematic appraisal. Four themes, “Losing,” “Identifying a need for, and seeking, help,” “Rebuilding and reforging,” and “Better than new: gifts from psychosis,” were identified. Central to the first and third themes were the loss and regaining of basic human needs such as sleep, physical and financial security, relationships with friends and family, self-esteem, and hope. The important implications of the four themes for clinical practice, and for future research are examined, and it is demonstrated how the experience of psychosis is much more than simply just hallucinations and/or delusions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.647051 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.647051 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Clodagh Campbell Author-X-Name-First: Clodagh Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell Author-Name: Suzanne Barrett Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Barrett Author-Name: Ciaran Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Katrina Hoy Author-X-Name-First: Katrina Author-X-Name-Last: Hoy Author-Name: Teresa Rushe Author-X-Name-First: Teresa Author-X-Name-Last: Rushe Author-Name: Stephen Cooper Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper Author-Name: Ciaran Mulholland Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Mulholland Title: The relationship between childhood trauma and neuropsychological functioning in first episode psychosis Abstract: There is an overlap between the neurocognitive deficits observed in adult survivors of childhood trauma and individuals with psychosis. Few studies examine the relationship between trauma and neurocognition in psychosis. The purpose of this study was to examine this in a first episode population. Thirty individuals with first episode psychosis who had completed a battery of neurocognitive testing in the longitudinal Northern Ireland First Episode Psychosis Study were subsequently interviewed and separated into two groups on the basis of childhood trauma. Between groups analysis was used to compare differences on measures of memory, executive functioning and verbal fluency. Twenty-one (70%) participants reported childhood trauma and nine (30%) reported no such history. Participants with a history of childhood trauma had a significantly higher pre-morbid IQ than the no childhood trauma group and experienced a significant decline in IQ when pre-morbid IQ estimates were compared to current IQ estimates. After controlling for pre-morbid IQ on all domains, the childhood trauma group had significantly poorer performance on tasks of semantic fluency, delayed visual recall, and visuospatial working memory. Childhood trauma may contribute to specific neurocognitive deficits and may predict a lower level of functioning relative to pre-morbid ability. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 48-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.660982 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.660982 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:48-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pekka Borchers Author-X-Name-First: Pekka Author-X-Name-Last: Borchers Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Author-Name: Klaus Lehtinen Author-X-Name-First: Klaus Author-X-Name-Last: Lehtinen Title: Psychiatrists’ inner dialogues concerning workmates during need adapted treatment of psychosis Abstract: Background: In the Need-Adapted approach decisions are made in therapy meetings with all relevant parties; this poses a professional challenge to psychiatrists. Aims: To describe psychiatrists’ inner dialogues concerning their workmates in treatment meetings. Methods: Using videos of co-research interviews, stimulated-recall interviews with eight psychiatrists were conducted and transcribed verbatim. The material was analyzed using an adapted form of dialogical analysis, focusing on voices and positioning. Results: The psychiatrists took actions in the treatment situation not only as professionals, but also as individuals who had their own characteristics, and individual relationships with their co-workers. Conclusions: Professionals as individuals, and the quality of clinician-clinician relationships, have an impact on treatment. These aspects should be taken into account in practice, in education, and in future research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 60-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.664775 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.664775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:60-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Borut Skodlar Author-X-Name-First: Borut Author-X-Name-Last: Skodlar Author-Name: Jon Jørgensen Author-X-Name-First: Jon Author-X-Name-Last: Jørgensen Title: Could Socrates be diagnosed within the schizophrenia spectrum? Could schizophrenia patients be considered in the light of Socratic insights? Abstract: [I]n fact the best things we have come from madness …”(Plato, Phaedrus 244a) Out of the biographic data on Socrates we find descriptions of some peculiar experiences and behaviours, which could be interpreted as a part of what is in our era diagnosed within the schizophrenia spectrum. The focus of this article is not whether we misinterpret some diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia if we diagnose Socrates by them, but whether we misinterpret some Socratic qualities in our fellow human beings, who happen to be diagnosed as such. Do we not appreciate one and the same thing once as wisdom (in Socrates) and in the next moment treat the same quality as “pseudo-philosophy” in our patients? Perhaps we need to turn back to the admonisher of “the unexamined life” (Socrates) and to start appreciating – and indeed learning from – examinations of our schizophrenia patients on the same wavelength. We give here first a concise depiction of Socrates’ peculiarities with as much context as possible, and then we employ a hermeneutic-phenomenological investigation to shed some light on the aforementioned ideas. These ideas can be seen as a small contribution to a much-needed de-stigmatization of schizophrenia patients and indeed a positive appreciation of their strengths, which are both key mediators in their treatment and recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 17-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.669395 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.669395 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:17-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Allison Knight Author-X-Name-First: Allison Author-X-Name-Last: Knight Title: The lexicography of sad Abstract: This paper is a discussion of surviving the experiences of Psychotic Major Depression (PMD) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It involves a discussion of Allison’s experiences of voice hearing and psychosis as well as therapy that was and was not useful for enduring and surviving her experiences. Allison explains how language became a feature of her condition, and she also details stigma that was associated with people’s misunderstanding of the nature of psychosis. The paper also examines entrenched and largely cultural ideas toward psychosis, ultimately concluding that these erroneous ideas creating stigma also arise from within the mental health system. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.699545 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.699545 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:93-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Bertel Rydinger Author-X-Name-First: Bertel Author-X-Name-Last: Rydinger Author-Name: Richard Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim van Author-X-Name-Last: Os Title: Treatment of hallucinations: A comment Abstract: We comment on a recently published article in Schizophrenia Bulletin: ‘The treatment of hallucinations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders’ (Sommer et al., 2012). Contrary to the recommendations made in this piece, we suggest that, on the basis of available evidence, psychological therapies (including, but not limited to cognitive behavioural therapy) should be proposed as a treatment of choice, medication as a possible augmentation strategy, and electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation not recommended at all. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 98-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.740069 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.740069 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:98-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Author-Name: Melissa Wardle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Wardle Author-Name: Paul Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Author-Name: Linda Davies Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Davies Author-Name: Graham Dunn Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Dunn Author-Name: Alison Brabban Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Brabban Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Laura Drage Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Drage Author-Name: Helen Spencer Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Title: Assessing Cognitive Therapy Instead Of Neuroleptics: Rationale, study design and sample characteristics of the ACTION trial Abstract: Aims: Recent evidence regarding over-estimation of the efficacy of antipsychotics and under-estimation of their toxicity, as well as emerging data regarding alternative treatment options, suggest it may be time to introduce patient choice. However, only a small number of studies have reported on the efficacy of interventions for psychological interventions such as cognitive therapy. Early results suggest that cognitive therapy may be an effective, well-tolerated treatment for people who choose not to take antipsychotics. We report on the rationale and design for a multi-site randomised, controlled trial of cognitive therapy for people with a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis who choose not to take antipsychotics. Methods: The study employs a single-blind design in which all participants receive treatment as usual, and half are randomised to up to 30 sessions of cognitive therapy for up to 9 months. Participants will be followed-up for a minimum of 9 months and to a maximum of 18 months. Results: We report the characteristics of the final sample at baseline (N = 74). Conclusions: Our study aims to expand the currently limited evidence base for best practice in interventions for individuals with psychosis who choose not to take antipsychotics. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 82-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.756539 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.756539 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:82-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jack Nathan Author-X-Name-First: Jack Author-X-Name-Last: Nathan Title: Contact with the Depths Journal: Psychosis Pages: 103-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.756925 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.756925 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:103-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Rufus May Author-X-Name-First: Rufus Author-X-Name-Last: May Title: Talking with voices: Exploring what is expressed by the voices people hear Abstract: Although people who hear voices may dialogue with them, they are regularly caught in destructive communication patterns that disturb social functioning. This article presents an approach called Talking With Voices, derived from the theory and practice of Voice Dialogue (Stone & Stone, 1989: Embracing our selves: The voice dialogue training manual, New York: Nataraj Publishing), whereby a facilitator directly engages with the voice(s) in order to heighten awareness and understanding of voice characteristics. The method provides insight into the underlying reasons for voice emergence and origins, and can ultimately inspire a more productive relationship between hearer and voice(s). We discuss the rationale for the approach and provide guidance in applying it. Case examples are also presented. Although people who hear voices may dialogue with them, they are regularly caught in destructive communication patterns that disturb social functioning. This article presents an approach called Talking With Voices, derived from the theory and practice of Voice Dialogue (Stone & Stone, 1989: Embracing our selves: The voice dialogue training manual, New York: Nataraj Publishing), whereby a facilitator directly engages with the voice(s) in order to heighten awareness and understanding of voice characteristics. The method provides insight into the underlying reasons for voice emergence and origins, and can ultimately inspire a more productive relationship between hearer and voice(s). We discuss the rationale for the approach and provide guidance in applying it. Case examples are also presented. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 95-104 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.571705 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.571705 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:95-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Strand Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Strand Author-Name: Inga Tidefors Author-X-Name-First: Inga Author-X-Name-Last: Tidefors Title: “If you’re not safe anywhere, you turn it inside yourself”: Narratives about childhood experiences told by 12 individuals diagnosed with psychosis Abstract: The aim was to study what patients diagnosed with psychosis related about early relationships with caregivers and about themselves as children. Data consisted of transcripts of 12 interviews, which were analyzed according to a thematic analysis. Through the narratives, a picture emerged of parents who had been unable to put aside their own difficulties and negative emotions. Parents were portrayed as sexually, physically, and/or emotionally abusive, often in tandem with a non-abusive parent described as passive. A family atmosphere marked by silence became visible. Further, a picture appeared of an introverted and “conformable” child, who had handled sadness, as well as fear, alone. Childhood strategies such as daydreaming and ”trying to become invisible” emerged. These strategies resemble what in other frames of reference are often regarded as childhood symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Consequently, it could be questioned whether what are commonly viewed as early symptoms of schizophrenia might instead be the child’s attempts to adapt, in order to survive in a disorganized family. The aim was to study what patients diagnosed with psychosis related about early relationships with caregivers and about themselves as children. Data consisted of transcripts of 12 interviews, which were analyzed according to a thematic analysis. Through the narratives, a picture emerged of parents who had been unable to put aside their own difficulties and negative emotions. Parents were portrayed as sexually, physically, and/or emotionally abusive, often in tandem with a non-abusive parent described as passive. A family atmosphere marked by silence became visible. Further, a picture appeared of an introverted and “conformable” child, who had handled sadness, as well as fear, alone. Childhood strategies such as daydreaming and ”trying to become invisible” emerged. These strategies resemble what in other frames of reference are often regarded as childhood symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Consequently, it could be questioned whether what are commonly viewed as early symptoms of schizophrenia might instead be the child’s attempts to adapt, in order to survive in a disorganized family. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 137-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.573084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.573084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:137-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Tibaldi Author-X-Name-First: G. Author-X-Name-Last: Tibaldi Author-Name: L. Govers Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Govers Title: Evidence-based hope for recovery from “schizophrenia”: A common objective for all stakeholders in the mental health field Abstract: This article summarizes the research about, and presents a personal account of, recovery from “schizophrenia”.In a potentially optimistic mental health scenario, like that in Italy, where psychiatric hospitals were closed and community-oriented care is nearly ubiquitous, the majority of mental health professionals maintain a pessimistic outlook concerning the long-term outcomes of schizophrenia. This gap between a clinician’s daily practice and prognostic beliefs about schizophrenia has a considerable effect on the expectations of patients and their families, and is the underlying theme of this article.Hope can be considered reasonable on two conditions: that it is not taken for granted and that it is supported by convincing data. The available scientific evidence on favourable outcomes of schizophrenia is consistent and convincing. The “positive” personal accounts of recovery, which have been accumulating over the last few decades, represent another relevant source of evidence.The “evidence-based” hope of recovery from schizophrenia is a reasonable one, both now and in the near future. It represents a common horizon for people who experience psychotic episodes, for their families and for all healthcare professionals who support abilities rather than disabilities. This article summarizes the research about, and presents a personal account of, recovery from “schizophrenia”.In a potentially optimistic mental health scenario, like that in Italy, where psychiatric hospitals were closed and community-oriented care is nearly ubiquitous, the majority of mental health professionals maintain a pessimistic outlook concerning the long-term outcomes of schizophrenia. This gap between a clinician’s daily practice and prognostic beliefs about schizophrenia has a considerable effect on the expectations of patients and their families, and is the underlying theme of this article.Hope can be considered reasonable on two conditions: that it is not taken for granted and that it is supported by convincing data. The available scientific evidence on favourable outcomes of schizophrenia is consistent and convincing. The “positive” personal accounts of recovery, which have been accumulating over the last few decades, represent another relevant source of evidence.The “evidence-based” hope of recovery from schizophrenia is a reasonable one, both now and in the near future. It represents a common horizon for people who experience psychotic episodes, for their families and for all healthcare professionals who support abilities rather than disabilities. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 105-114 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.584349 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.584349 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:105-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seamus Fleming Author-X-Name-First: Seamus Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming Author-Name: John Mallett Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Mallett Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Title: Traumatic experience, cannabis use, life satisfaction, and schizotypy Abstract: Research has shown that various environmental factors predict schizotypy. This study aimed to assess the association of a range of demographic, psycho-social and experiential factors with schizotypy, based on a sample of 258 university students. Results showed that age, gender, cannabis use, traumatic experience and life satisfaction significantly predicted overall schizotypy. However, effects varied across schizotypy subdimensions. The models that best predicted schizotypy differed in accordance with the unique combination of facets of each subdimension. Differential effects of the predictors in this study continue to validate dimensional representations of the schizotypal construct. Research has shown that various environmental factors predict schizotypy. This study aimed to assess the association of a range of demographic, psycho-social and experiential factors with schizotypy, based on a sample of 258 university students. Results showed that age, gender, cannabis use, traumatic experience and life satisfaction significantly predicted overall schizotypy. However, effects varied across schizotypy subdimensions. The models that best predicted schizotypy differed in accordance with the unique combination of facets of each subdimension. Differential effects of the predictors in this study continue to validate dimensional representations of the schizotypal construct. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 126-136 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.587527 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.587527 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:126-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kirstine Davidsen Author-X-Name-First: Kirstine Author-X-Name-Last: Davidsen Author-Name: Bent Rosenbaum Author-X-Name-First: Bent Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenbaum Title: Fear of annihilation in subjects at risk of psychosis: A pilot study Abstract: Most reports on people at risk of psychosis focus on differences in baseline measures between those who go on to develop psychosis and those who remain non-psychotic. Due to the clinical status of subjects in these studies, the aim of the present study is to illuminate clinically important and under-researched characteristics of the group of subjects at risk of psychosis as a whole. This article reports on a cross-sectional study, comparing the level of annihilation anxiety in subjects at risk of psychosis with two control groups: healthy controls and schizophrenia patients. The level of annihilation anxiety is assessed with the Hurvich Experience Inventory-50. The study shows that subjects at risk of psychosis experience annihilation anxiety significantly more than do healthy controls, and at least as much as psychotic patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. This signals the need for immediate clinical intervention in this population. The high level of annihilation anxiety is likely to interfere with the working alliance, thus clinicians should provide an ambience of safety and transparency. In addition, interventions for subjects at risk of psychosis should aim to reduce the level of anxiety, e.g. through psychotherapy. The study warrants further investigations of clinically important characteristics of the group of subjects at risk of psychosis as a whole Most reports on people at risk of psychosis focus on differences in baseline measures between those who go on to develop psychosis and those who remain non-psychotic. Due to the clinical status of subjects in these studies, the aim of the present study is to illuminate clinically important and under-researched characteristics of the group of subjects at risk of psychosis as a whole. This article reports on a cross-sectional study, comparing the level of annihilation anxiety in subjects at risk of psychosis with two control groups: healthy controls and schizophrenia patients. The level of annihilation anxiety is assessed with the Hurvich Experience Inventory-50. The study shows that subjects at risk of psychosis experience annihilation anxiety significantly more than do healthy controls, and at least as much as psychotic patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. This signals the need for immediate clinical intervention in this population. The high level of annihilation anxiety is likely to interfere with the working alliance, thus clinicians should provide an ambience of safety and transparency. In addition, interventions for subjects at risk of psychosis should aim to reduce the level of anxiety, e.g. through psychotherapy. The study warrants further investigations of clinically important characteristics of the group of subjects at risk of psychosis as a whole Journal: Psychosis Pages: 149-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.588339 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.588339 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:149-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gregory Mather Author-X-Name-First: Gregory Author-X-Name-Last: Mather Author-Name: David Baker Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Author-Name: Richard Laugharne Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Laugharne Title: Patient trust in psychiatrists Abstract: BackgroundGeneral medical and primary care patients have been shown to trust their doctors but the same is not known for mental health patients.Primary objectiveTo compare patients’ trust in psychiatrists with general practitioners and study the effects of patient age, gender, time knowing doctor, hospital admission and compulsory detention.MethodsPostal survey of mental health patients in Cornwall using ‘Trust in Physician’ rating scales and questionnaires regarding the secondary measures.ResultsMental health patients had good levels of trust in psychiatrists and GPs and that neither admission nor detention under the mental health act altered degree of trust. Male patients trusted their psychiatrists less than females.Conclusionsthis work provides evidence that psychiatrists, like GPs, are trusted and that this aspect of the doctor–patient relationship is not impaired by hospital admission and compulsory detention. Further work may be needed on developing trust with male psychiatric patients.Declaration of interestnone. Funding detailed in “Acknowledgements”. General medical and primary care patients have been shown to trust their doctors but the same is not known for mental health patients.To compare patients’ trust in psychiatrists with general practitioners and study the effects of patient age, gender, time knowing doctor, hospital admission and compulsory detention.Postal survey of mental health patients in Cornwall using ‘Trust in Physician’ rating scales and questionnaires regarding the secondary measures.Mental health patients had good levels of trust in psychiatrists and GPs and that neither admission nor detention under the mental health act altered degree of trust. Male patients trusted their psychiatrists less than females.this work provides evidence that psychiatrists, like GPs, are trusted and that this aspect of the doctor–patient relationship is not impaired by hospital admission and compulsory detention. Further work may be needed on developing trust with male psychiatric patients.none. Funding detailed in “Acknowledgements”. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 161-167 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.595818 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.595818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:161-167 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maarten Bak Author-X-Name-First: Maarten Author-X-Name-Last: Bak Author-Name: Marjan Drukker Author-X-Name-First: Marjan Author-X-Name-Last: Drukker Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: van Os Author-Name: Philippe Delespaul Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Delespaul Author-Name: Inez Myin-Germeys Author-X-Name-First: Inez Author-X-Name-Last: Myin-Germeys Title: Daily life moment-to-moment variation in coping in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia: state within trait psychosis Abstract: IntroductionCoping is a dynamic concept, associated with variability in stress and the individual’s response. It was hypothesized that coping responses vary from moment to moment in daily life in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.MethodsPatients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 25) were studied using the Experience Sampling Method to assess ongoing coping. Three subcategories of coping, social (interaction with environment), activity (behaviour to relief stress) and abuse (use of substances to deal with stress) were combined in a single coping variable expressed both dichotomously (present or not, representing frequency) and dimensionally (representing intensity).ResultsThe frequency of coping did not vary over the day with exception of abuse coping variance: 0.48; 95% CI 0.02–10.5). In contrast, the intensity of coping did vary during the day, except for abuse coping (coping combined variance = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01–0.20; social coping variance = 0.13, 95% CI 0.04–0.39; and activity coping variance = 0.10, 95% CI 0.02–0.51).ConclusionIn patients with schizophrenia, coping is stable from moment to moment, indicating a trait mechanism. However, coping varies in intensity, which refers to state properties of coping. Validity problems may arise if studies do not consider the partial variability of coping. Coping is a dynamic concept, associated with variability in stress and the individual’s response. It was hypothesized that coping responses vary from moment to moment in daily life in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 25) were studied using the Experience Sampling Method to assess ongoing coping. Three subcategories of coping, social (interaction with environment), activity (behaviour to relief stress) and abuse (use of substances to deal with stress) were combined in a single coping variable expressed both dichotomously (present or not, representing frequency) and dimensionally (representing intensity).The frequency of coping did not vary over the day with exception of abuse coping variance: 0.48; 95% CI 0.02–10.5). In contrast, the intensity of coping did vary during the day, except for abuse coping (coping combined variance = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01–0.20; social coping variance = 0.13, 95% CI 0.04–0.39; and activity coping variance = 0.10, 95% CI 0.02–0.51).In patients with schizophrenia, coping is stable from moment to moment, indicating a trait mechanism. However, coping varies in intensity, which refers to state properties of coping. Validity problems may arise if studies do not consider the partial variability of coping. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 115-125 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.596565 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.596565 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:115-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Debra Lampshire Author-X-Name-First: Debra Author-X-Name-Last: Lampshire Title: Living the dream Abstract: This paper is a written record of the Plenary Address given by Debra Lampshire at the 17th International Congress of the International Society for the Psychological Treatments of the Schizophrenia and other Psychoses, in Dubrovnik, on Friday 3 June 2011. Debra gives an eloquent and lyrical account of her journey and personal experiences, from her times whilst in institutional care though to her current role of working as an experienced-based expert at Auckland University and project manager for Auckland District Health Board, in New Zealand. Debra speaks of her decline into madness and the lessons, skills and personal resourcefulness she discovered to propel her into creating a life of her own choice. She also speaks of her observations and resolutions from her time spent with people marginalized and disenfranchised by society who strive to retain their sense of identity, dignity and personal agency. The journey Debra began all those years ago is embarked upon still, by those entering mental health services. What is the message that service users would like to bring to clinicians, what is it that they truly desire and need from the people who choose to work in the field of mental health? This paper is a written record of the Plenary Address given by Debra Lampshire at the 17th International Congress of the International Society for the Psychological Treatments of the Schizophrenia and other Psychoses, in Dubrovnik, on Friday 3 June 2011. Debra gives an eloquent and lyrical account of her journey and personal experiences, from her times whilst in institutional care though to her current role of working as an experienced-based expert at Auckland University and project manager for Auckland District Health Board, in New Zealand. Debra speaks of her decline into madness and the lessons, skills and personal resourcefulness she discovered to propel her into creating a life of her own choice. She also speaks of her observations and resolutions from her time spent with people marginalized and disenfranchised by society who strive to retain their sense of identity, dignity and personal agency. The journey Debra began all those years ago is embarked upon still, by those entering mental health services. What is the message that service users would like to bring to clinicians, what is it that they truly desire and need from the people who choose to work in the field of mental health? Journal: Psychosis Pages: 172-178 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.615943 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.615943 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:172-178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katie Ashcroft Author-X-Name-First: Katie Author-X-Name-Last: Ashcroft Author-Name: David Kingdon Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Kingdon Author-Name: Paul Chadwick Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Chadwick Title: Persecutory delusions and childhood emotional abuse in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia Abstract: The present research assesses the frequency of self-reported childhood trauma in individuals with and without persecutory delusions. Comparisons are made between reported childhood emotional, physical and sexual trauma in adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, with (n = 36) and without (n = 23) persecutory delusions. Those with persecutory delusions reported significantly higher levels of emotional abuse and there was a trend towards higher levels of emotional neglect. No differences emerged on total trauma score, physical abuse, physical neglect and sexual abuse. The study suggests that over and above a general association between childhood trauma and positive symptoms of psychosis, there may exist a specific link between persecutory delusions and childhood emotional abuse. The present research assesses the frequency of self-reported childhood trauma in individuals with and without persecutory delusions. Comparisons are made between reported childhood emotional, physical and sexual trauma in adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, with (n = 36) and without (n = 23) persecutory delusions. Those with persecutory delusions reported significantly higher levels of emotional abuse and there was a trend towards higher levels of emotional neglect. No differences emerged on total trauma score, physical abuse, physical neglect and sexual abuse. The study suggests that over and above a general association between childhood trauma and positive symptoms of psychosis, there may exist a specific link between persecutory delusions and childhood emotional abuse. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 168-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.619012 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.619012 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:168-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Renana Elran Author-X-Name-First: Renana Author-X-Name-Last: Elran Title: Treating the “Untreatable”: healing in the realms of madness Journal: Psychosis Pages: 179-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.643045 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.643045 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:179-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nigel Bunker Author-X-Name-First: Nigel Author-X-Name-Last: Bunker Title: Henry’s demons: living with schizophrenia Journal: Psychosis Pages: 180-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.643047 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.643047 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:180-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Martindale Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Martindale Title: Hope and the ISPS change of name Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-94 Issue: 2 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.685621 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.685621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:2:p:93-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vanessa Beavan Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa Author-X-Name-Last: Beavan Title: Can’t you hear them? The science and significance of hearing voices Journal: Psychosis Pages: 235-235 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1402079 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1402079 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:235-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lin Cochrane Author-X-Name-First: Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Cochrane Title: In the hands of others: the nightmare begins Abstract: To summarise, this article is no easy task: half my life, in less than 150 words. Isolation, loneliness and medication come to mind. The results of medication surely must terrify people. Some agree with medication, even when day to day I see them falling apart physically. I see no “holistic” hope. The “hierarchy” may live well; us at the bottom have very little but meagre survival. Politics is not my forte. I cannot see things improving for people in the community, especially regarding mental health. People in positions of power need to be truly aware of pharmaceutical dangers. Although how can they be? Have they tried the medications? Not that I am aware of. They need to be made more aware of the need for care and compassion. This includes providers in the community. In short: Loneliness, Isolation and Medication have contributed to my Nightmare in the Hands of Others. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 225-227 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1437213 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1437213 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:225-227 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hwigon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Hwigon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Daeho Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daeho Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seok Hyeon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Seok Hyeon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Association of types of delusions and hallucinations with childhood abuse and neglect among inpatients with schizophrenia in South Korea: A preliminary study Abstract: This study examined the association of several types of childhood trauma with types of delusions and hallucinations among 42 younger adult inpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia at a university-affiliated hospital in South Korea. Participants were administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – short form and the Scale for Assessment of Positive symptoms. Emotional abuse had a positive correlation with delusions of reference, persecutory delusions, and delusions of being controlled. There was no statistically significant relationship between childhood abuse/neglect and hallucinations. The contents of some delusions reflected adverse childhood experiences, indicating a need for further exploration of the contribution of childhood trauma to current psychotic symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 208-212 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1472627 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1472627 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:208-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Son Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Son Title: My psychosis and meds Abstract: The purpose of this article is to provide, personal testimony that psychiatric medications are not scientifically necessitated as the primary means to treat psychosis. There are alternatives to psychiatric medication, and, particularly, the long-term use of these medications should not be assumed. Psychosis is nominally diagnosed as ‘severe mental illness’, ‘disease’, and ‘chronic’. These labels are toxic, too, and the system of diagnosis creates unintended stigma that hinders community inclusion, acceptance and recovery. The emphasis upon psychiatric medication treatment – and the system design – therefore, is debated. The medical-model of impersonal classifications of chronic diseases denies and/or slows recovery, and proper healing. The medical-model is a constructed (false) narrative, when looked at scientifically, lacks serious credibility and shows apparent unsustainability. An alternative approach is necessary to displace the outdated and, presently, conventionally utilized medical-model. New treatments and other approaches must address the reality that people can and do recovery, without medication. In conclusion, treatment for psychosis must give attention to understand one’s experiences in the context of life’s events and interpersonal narratives, to provide meaning, acceptance and purpose. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 228-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1472628 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1472628 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:228-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bruce M. Z. Cohen Author-X-Name-First: Bruce M. Z. Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen Title: Madness: ideas about insanity Journal: Psychosis Pages: 236-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1472629 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1472629 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:236-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael W Best Author-X-Name-First: Michael W Author-X-Name-Last: Best Author-Name: Michael Grossman Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Grossman Author-Name: Melissa Milanovic Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Milanovic Author-Name: Sean Renaud Author-X-Name-First: Sean Author-X-Name-Last: Renaud Author-Name: Christopher R Bowie Author-X-Name-First: Christopher R Author-X-Name-Last: Bowie Title: Be outspoken and overcome stigmatizing thoughts (BOOST): a group treatment for internalized stigma in first-episode psychosis Abstract: Background: Internalized stigma is associated with a broad array of negative outcomes for people experiencing psychosis. The current article provides an overview of a novel group-based intervention for reducing internalized stigma (Be Outspoken and Overcome Stigmatizing Thoughts [BOOST]) that combines cognitive behavioural techniques with peer support in first-episode psychosis.Methods: BOOST is an eight-session group intervention that combines cognitive restructuring, assertive communication skills and peer support. Results are presented from a small pilot non-controlled open-label study of 15 participants at an early intervention for psychosis programme.Results: Thirty-three percent of participants discontinued BOOST before completing the intervention. Those who completed BOOST experienced significantly improved internalized stigma (d = .76), self-esteem (d = 1.20) and satisfaction with life (d = 1.27).Conclusions: Results from this small pilot study suggest that BOOST is not only effective at improving internalized stigma, but also at improving self-esteem and satisfaction with life. Further evaluation of BOOST in a randomized controlled trial is ongoing, and further investigation of the role of combined peer support and cognitive behavioural intervention is warranted as a method of reducing internalized stigma. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 187-197 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1472630 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1472630 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:187-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Title: The shock of the fall Journal: Psychosis Pages: 237-237 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1484506 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1484506 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:237-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ruvanee P. Vilhauer Author-X-Name-First: Ruvanee P. Author-X-Name-Last: Vilhauer Author-Name: Himadhari Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Himadhari Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: Unsolicited reports of voice hearing in the general population: a study using a novel method Abstract: Understanding the phenomenological range of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), or voice hearing (VH) experiences, is important for developing etiological models. To circumvent potential methodological limitations of previous studies, we used unsolicited online self-reports to examine the kinds of experiences people describe when they say they hear voices. Content analysis was used to examine 499 online posts about VH, the largest VH sample studied to date. Most posters did not report having a psychiatric diagnosis. Unusual bodily sensations and third person voices were less prevalent than in previous studies. Volume of voices was mentioned significantly more often when voices were externally localized, but acoustic qualities were mentioned even when voices were internally localized. Some voice features previously considered atypical, such as unclear voices and voices that are not self-relevant, were described in almost 15% of coded posts. Only 21% described commanding voices, a feature previously considered typical of VH. Individuals sometimes reported voices both consistent with, and inconsistent with, inner speech accounts of VH. These results may have implications for subtyping AVHs. This novel method allowed description of a large sample of self-reports relatively untainted by demand characteristics or social desirability biases. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 163-174 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1485727 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1485727 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:163-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Devvarta Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Devvarta Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Manisha Jha Author-X-Name-First: Manisha Author-X-Name-Last: Jha Title: YouTube videos on psychosocial interventions for schizophrenia Abstract: Psychosocial interventions are an integral part of the comprehensive care for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and there are YouTube videos about these interventions. However, there is a dearth of studies assessing the quality of these videos. In the present study we assessed the quality, in terms of the amount and accuracy of the information provided. We identified 49 videos related to psychosocial interventions for schizophrenia, using various search terms. Most of these videos have been posted by professionals or professional groups presenting the information in a simple manner and having reliable content; however, the descriptions of the interventions are not adequately detailed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 220-224 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1497694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1497694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:220-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Dellazizzo Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Dellazizzo Author-Name: Olivier Percie du Sert Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: Percie du Sert Author-Name: Stéphane Potvin Author-X-Name-First: Stéphane Author-X-Name-Last: Potvin Author-Name: Richard Breton Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Breton Author-Name: Jean-François Pelletier Author-X-Name-First: Jean-François Author-X-Name-Last: Pelletier Author-Name: Patrice Renaud Author-X-Name-First: Patrice Author-X-Name-Last: Renaud Author-Name: Alexandre Dumais Author-X-Name-First: Alexandre Author-X-Name-Last: Dumais Title: Avatar Therapy for persistent auditory verbal hallucinations: a case report of a peer research assistant on his path toward recovery Abstract: Peer support promotes the overall wellness of people with mental illness by establishing mutual partnerships throughout their different stages of recovery. In health research, investments in patient-oriented research have become prioritized. However, peer-contributed research remains relatively rare, especially in the study of psychosis. Our research team chose to include a peer research assistant in the elaboration and refinement of a novel personalized and patient-oriented psychotherapy for voice hearers, using virtual reality (Avatar Therapy (AT)). This paper details the case of a partnership between a mental health service user and clinical researchers by showcasing Mr X, the first to follow the therapy for his input and our peer support worker for future patients, in his journey toward recovery. Before AT, Mr X was unable to advance due to his voices. His participation was to initially gain from his personal expertise and invite his critique to improve AT. However, what he gained from AT was much more; his voices diminished by 80–90% and he was able to reduce his medication on four occasions. Also, he followed a university-level peer helper program and became employed. Mr X is an inspirational case of how AT may have a positive impact on one’s life. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 213-219 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1499799 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1499799 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:213-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria João R.V. Martins Author-X-Name-First: Maria João R.V. Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Author-Name: Paula Castilho Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Castilho Author-Name: António F. Macedo Author-X-Name-First: António F. Author-X-Name-Last: Macedo Author-Name: Ana Telma Pereira Author-X-Name-First: Ana Telma Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira Author-Name: Paula Vagos Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Vagos Author-Name: Diana Carvalho Author-X-Name-First: Diana Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho Author-Name: Miguel Bajouco Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Bajouco Author-Name: Nuno Madeira Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Author-X-Name-Last: Madeira Author-Name: Vasco Nogueira Author-X-Name-First: Vasco Author-X-Name-Last: Nogueira Author-Name: Célia Barreto Carvalho Author-X-Name-First: Célia Author-X-Name-Last: Barreto Carvalho Title: Willingness and Acceptance of Delusions Scale: early findings on a new instrument for psychological flexibility Abstract: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and related constructs (experiential avoidance, cognitive defusion and committed action) have recently been applied to psychosis. However, with a few exceptions, this application has not resulted in symptom-specific assessment instruments. The current work intends to develop a measure for assessing experiential acceptance regarding delusions (the Willingness and Acceptance for Delusions Scale) and to conduct a preliminary study of its psychometric properties in a sample of 91 patients with a psychotic disorder, mostly male (87%), single (86%), unemployed (44%), presenting with a schizophrenia diagnosis (71%), and currently with delusions (last week – 52%). Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor structure (Acceptance and Action, Non-entanglement and Non-struggling), which adequately fitted the data and reflected the intended constructs within an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy framework. Scores from all factors achieved adequate reliability and were associated with mindfulness and satisfaction with life. These early findings point to the internal and construct validity and reliability of the scores of the WADS. Although further research into the scale’s psychometric properties, particularly construct validity, is needed, its use in research and clinical practice with psychosis populations seems substantiated. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 198-207 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1502340 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1502340 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:198-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel M Tindall Author-X-Name-First: Rachel M Author-X-Name-Last: Tindall Author-Name: Kelly Allott Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Allott Author-Name: Magenta Simmons Author-X-Name-First: Magenta Author-X-Name-Last: Simmons Author-Name: Winsome Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Winsome Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Author-Name: Bridget E Hamilton Author-X-Name-First: Bridget E Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton Title: Engagement at entry to an early intervention service for first episode psychosis: an exploratory study of young people and caregivers Abstract: Early intervention services play a crucial role in providing treatment for young people experiencing a first episode psychosis. However, on average, 30 per cent of young people disengage from treatment, which may result in untreated symptoms, difficulty returning to school or work and relationship breakdowns. This qualitative study aimed to understand the help-seeking experiences and initial engagement with an early intervention service. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine young people and five caregivers, focussing on engagement in the first eight weeks of treatment. Themes were identified using thematic analysis. Key findings were that participants entered the early intervention service after a time of intense distress and confusion. This was related to symptoms, difficulties working or studying, and initial experiences of help-seeking and treatment. Commonly there was relief on meeting a caring person who would be their support going forward. However, trust was influenced by previous positive and negative experiences. Establishing a therapeutic relationship and building trust are dynamic and relational concepts, and as such, they warrant reflection by all key stakeholders. Awareness and understanding of these concepts may guide changes to individual practice and service development. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 175-186 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1502341 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1502341 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:175-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Twylla Cunningham Author-X-Name-First: Twylla Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham Author-Name: Ciaran Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Author-Name: Ivor Crothers Author-X-Name-First: Ivor Author-X-Name-Last: Crothers Author-Name: Katrina Hoy Author-X-Name-First: Katrina Author-X-Name-Last: Hoy Author-Name: Carly Fitzsimmons Author-X-Name-First: Carly Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzsimmons Author-Name: Riona McCann Author-X-Name-First: Riona Author-X-Name-Last: McCann Author-Name: John O’Hare Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: O’Hare Author-Name: Ciaran Mulholland Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Mulholland Title: The perspectives of people with psychosis about participating in trauma-related research Journal: Psychosis Pages: 82-85 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1145729 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1145729 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:82-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jacqueline Sin Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline Author-X-Name-Last: Sin Author-Name: Debbie Spain Author-X-Name-First: Debbie Author-X-Name-Last: Spain Title: Psychological interventions for trauma in individuals who have psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis Abstract: Background: Psychological interventions, in particular those derived from cognitive-behavioural therapy frameworks, and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, are effective for reducing post-traumatic stress disorder and associated distress. To date, studies have tended to exclude individuals who have psychosis; a clinical population who are known to be at risk of experiencing trauma. Whether people with psychosis also benefit from trauma-focussed psychological therapies (TFPT) warrants further investigation.Method: A systematic search for randomised controlled trials was undertaken. Data were synthesised using narrative and meta-analytic approaches.Results: Five studies met the review inclusion criteria. Study findings overall indicate that TFPT are effective for reducing intrusive thoughts and images, negative beliefs associated with traumatic memories, hypervigilance, and avoidance. Limited data were available about the utility of interventions for improving mood, anxiety and quality of life. Attrition rates were comparable for participants offered active and control conditions.Conclusion: Findings are consistent with those reported for the non-psychosis population. Future studies should establish which interventions are more acceptable and glean more favourable outcomes for this clinical population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 67-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1167946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1167946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:67-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jenny Boumans Author-X-Name-First: Jenny Author-X-Name-Last: Boumans Author-Name: Ingrid Baart Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid Author-X-Name-Last: Baart Author-Name: Guy Widdershoven Author-X-Name-First: Guy Author-X-Name-Last: Widdershoven Author-Name: Hans Kroon Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Kroon Title: Coping with psychotic-like experiences without receiving help from mental health care. A qualitative study Abstract: This study describes the ways in which people with psychotic-like experiences without mental health care manage to achieve successful lives. The qualitative study, which used a grounded-theory approach combined with elements of narrative research, draws on interviews with 18 individuals who were recruited through a self-selection strategy via a national advertisement. The frequency of participants’ psychotic-like symptoms was comparable to that of patients who receive mental health treatment for psychosis; however, participants experienced lower levels of distress. The results provide insight into the variety of strategies and interpretative frameworks participants develop to create and to maintain self-defined successful lives while coping with psychotic-like experiences. Experiential knowledge from people outside care settings can be helpful in the development of more sophisticated activities, ideas, and discussions within the international recovery movement. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-11 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1178798 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1178798 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:1-11 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joachim Schnackenberg Author-X-Name-First: Joachim Author-X-Name-Last: Schnackenberg Author-Name: Mick Fleming Author-X-Name-First: Mick Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming Author-Name: Colin R. Martin Author-X-Name-First: Colin R. Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Title: A randomised controlled pilot study of Experience Focused Counselling with voice hearers Abstract: Background: There is a need for improved psychosocial interventions for distressed voice hearers.Aims: To evaluate a novel approach to hearing voices: Experience Focused Counselling (EFC) aka Making Sense of Voices.Study design and methods: Twelve voice hearers were randomly assigned to a 44-week EFC or Treatment As Usual intervention as part of a pilot study design.Results: At the end of intervention, EFC showed clinically large treatment effect improvements on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – Expanded Version psychotic symptoms (Cohen’s d=1.6) and overall psychopathology domains (d=1.3), and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales voices (d=1) and delusions (aka non-shared reality) (d=1) scales. EFC voice hearers also felt more able to do first trauma disclosures (n=4) than TAU group voice hearer (n=1).Discussion: EFC improvements may have been related to the focus on reducing voices-related distress. EFC holds some promise as a safe and effective intervention for voice hearers, with possible improvements in general psychopathology, psychosis, voices and non-shared reality (aka delusions)-related distress. This will need replicating in more powerful studies. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 12-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1185452 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1185452 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:12-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Ruddle Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Ruddle Title: Qualitative evaluation of a cognitive behaviour therapy Hearing Voices Group with a service user co-facilitator Abstract: This project evaluated a Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) Hearing Voices Group (HVG), piloting the introduction of a service user co-facilitator (SUC). Interviews with the SUC and seven HVG attendees were analysed using thematic analysis. A superordinate theme was identified around what helped people “get something from the group”, such as the process of “being in a group”, including subthemes: “openness breeds openness” and “discovering I’m not alone’. Having an SUC was described positively, including subthemes: “relating to us” and “admiring resilience”. A second superordinate theme around hindrances included societal barriers and “feeling anxious”. A third superordinate theme of changes made by HVG members included developing “new perspectives” on themselves and their voices, “feeling inspired” by the SUC, and “coping better”. The SUC found facilitating more valuable than attending an HVG. The study suggests that service users could be trained to co-facilitate structured CBT HVGs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 25-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1185453 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1185453 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:25-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yvonne F. Awenat Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne F. Author-X-Name-Last: Awenat Author-Name: Emma Shaw-Núñez Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw-Núñez Author-Name: James Kelly Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly Author-Name: Heather Law Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Law Author-Name: Sehar Ahmed Author-X-Name-First: Sehar Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed Author-Name: Mary Welford Author-X-Name-First: Mary Author-X-Name-Last: Welford Author-Name: Nicholas Tarrier Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas Author-X-Name-Last: Tarrier Author-Name: Patricia A. Gooding Author-X-Name-First: Patricia A. Author-X-Name-Last: Gooding Title: A qualitative analysis of the experiences of people with psychosis of a novel cognitive behavioural therapy targeting suicidality Abstract: This study presents a qualitative evaluation of a novel cognitive behavioural therapy targeting suicidal thoughts and behaviours for people experiencing psychosis. Eight participants from four NHS Trusts in the northwest of England were interviewed. The interview schedule was collaboratively developed with a Service User Reference Group whose membership included people with experience of psychosis. Thematic analysis captured participants’ experiences of recovery from suicidal thoughts and behaviours following therapy. Two themes were identified: “Acceptability” depicted participants’ views about the process of therapy and the therapeutic relationship; “In-recovery from suicidality” illustrated participants’ views of the impact of the therapy. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 38-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1198827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1198827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:38-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Mørkved Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Mørkved Author-Name: M. Endsjø Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Endsjø Author-Name: D. Winje Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Winje Author-Name: E. Johnsen Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Johnsen Author-Name: A. Dovran Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Dovran Author-Name: K. Arefjord Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Arefjord Author-Name: R. A. Kroken Author-X-Name-First: R. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Kroken Author-Name: S. Helle Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Helle Author-Name: L. G. Anda-Ågotnes Author-X-Name-First: L. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Anda-Ågotnes Author-Name: M. A. Rettenbacher Author-X-Name-First: M. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Rettenbacher Author-Name: N. Huber Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Author-Name: E. M. Løberg Author-X-Name-First: E. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Løberg Title: Childhood trauma in schizophrenia spectrum disorder as compared to other mental health disorders Abstract: Background: Childhood trauma (CT) is a potential risk factor in psychosis, and the prevalence of CT may be higher in patients with psychosis compared to other mental health disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential specificity of CT in psychosis.Methods: The sample consisted of 52 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 52 matched patients with other mental health disorders. CT was measured by the CTQ-SF. The groups were compared on CTQ-SF sum and subscale scores indicating rates of CT, in addition to rates of none/low vs. moderate/severe levels of CT.Results: The psychosis group had significantly higher CTQ-SF sum scores, and reported significantly higher levels of, and more severe, physical and sexual abuse and physical neglect. Also, 67.3% of the psychosis group reported ≥ 1 CT above the cut-off, compared to 38.5% in the non-psychosis group. No patients in the non-psychosis group reported ≥ 4 CT, compared to 9.6% in the psychosis group.Conclusions: Patients with psychosis reported more severe and frequent CT compared to non-psychotic patients. Our results may indicate some specificity for moderate and severe levels of physical and sexual abuse, and physical neglect, in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 48-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1201135 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1201135 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:48-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vanessa Beavan Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa Author-X-Name-Last: Beavan Author-Name: Adele de Jager Author-X-Name-First: Adele Author-X-Name-Last: de Jager Author-Name: Bianca dos Santos Author-X-Name-First: Bianca Author-X-Name-Last: dos Santos Title: Do peer-support groups for voice-hearers work? A small scale study of Hearing Voices Network support groups in Australia Abstract: Hearing Voices Network (HVN) support groups have proliferated in the last decade, with anecdotal evidence suggesting they contribute significantly to the recovery trajectory of the voice-hearer members who attend them. However, to date there remains little empirical research into the efficacy of these groups and the processes that might underpin their efficacy. This article describes a small project evaluating the HVN groups in the large Australian state of New South Wales. Twenty-nine group members completed questionnaires exploring self-reported recovery-related and clinical outcomes, aspects of group process, and the extent to which core HVN principles were promoted within the group. Results indicate that HVN groups are associated with reported improvements across a number of recovery-related outcomes including feeling less isolated and more skilled in being with others, having improved self-esteem, and having a better understanding of their voice experiences. Positive changes were also noted in outcomes that are more traditionally associated with clinical improvements, such as decreased need for emergency help and medication, and increased hope in personal recovery. Although this study is small and based on self-report, the findings are promising and contribute to the small but growing literature on peer-supported interventions for psychosis and psychotic-like experiences. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 57-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1216583 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1216583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:57-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefan Westermann Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Westermann Author-Name: Steffen Moritz Author-X-Name-First: Steffen Author-X-Name-Last: Moritz Author-Name: Franz Caspar Author-X-Name-First: Franz Author-X-Name-Last: Caspar Author-Name: Marialuisa Cavelti Author-X-Name-First: Marialuisa Author-X-Name-Last: Cavelti Title: Unmet psychological needs in patients with schizophrenia Abstract: This online study investigated motivational incongruence (discrepancy between psychological needs and actual experiences) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and tested the hypothesis that motivational incongruence and psychotic symptoms are associated. Incongruence was associated with negative symptoms and paranoia, and was largest for “intimacy/attachment” and “avoidance of weakness”. A motivational perspective on schizophrenia is thought to improve psychological therapies. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 86-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1223743 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1223743 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:86-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amy Hardy Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy Author-Name: David van den Berg Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: van den Berg Title: Healing traumatic memories in psychosis: a response to Sin and Spain (2016) Abstract: We question the conclusions of Sin and Spain’s meta-analysis of therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in psychosis and tentatively suggest direct trauma memory exposure is delivered, without adaptation, when people consent (Sin, J., & Spain, D. (2016). Psychological interventions for trauma in individuals who have psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychosis. 1–15. doi:10.1080/17522439.2016.1167946. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 95-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1264993 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1264993 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:95-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dolly Sen Author-X-Name-First: Dolly Author-X-Name-Last: Sen Title: What stays unsaid in therapeutic relationships Abstract: This piece will explore my experiences accessing psychological therapies, concentrating on two different psychodynamic therapies and therapists I have had. One was more productive than the other. I will talk about what worked for me, what didn’t work; equality & identity on the “wrong” side of the therapeutic relationship; what happens to shame when one person is protected from it and the other isn’t; and finally what happens if your therapist doesn’t share your ethnicity or sexuality, how can you talk about things like racism and homophobia when they don’t “get” where your pain is coming from. I will finish the piece on what was the best experience of therapy I have ever had and why. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1270988 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1270988 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:90-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Corinne Henderson Author-X-Name-First: Corinne Author-X-Name-Last: Henderson Title: Living recovery: youth speak out on “owning mental illness” Journal: Psychosis Pages: 97-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1280074 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1280074 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:1:p:97-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Dissociation in Classical Texts on Schizophrenia Abstract: The author reviewed a set of classical texts on dementia praecox and schizophrenia looking for dissociative conceptualizations of the disorder, and looking for case descriptions that were dissociative in nature. The review included Bleuler, Kraepelin, Schneider, Meyer, Hoch, Jung, Kahlbaum, and Bateson. Quotations from these texts confirmed the role of dissociation in schizophrenia in the classical literature. In both research and clinical practice, greater attention should be paid to the role of dissociation in schizophrenia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 342-354 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.806570 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.806570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:342-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Ellerby Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Ellerby Title: Schizophrenia, losers and compassion-focused therapy Abstract: This article looks at how a large number of people with a “loser” psychology need a refined and amended version of compassion-focused therapy in the treatment of schizophrenia as developed by Professor Paul Gilbert. The “never” psychology interferes with the aims of compassion therapy and with Gilbert’s threat, drive and emotional circles, pleasure diary and safety place image exercising and breathing in a number of ways. Compassion seems to be the answer to these problems. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 359-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.876091 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.876091 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:359-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Nicola Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Author-Name: Adam Danquah Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Danquah Author-Name: Linda Davies Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Davies Title: An exploratory study of associations between adult attachment, health service utilisation and health service costs Abstract: We investigated associations between attachment, psychopathology, quality of life, service utilisation and costs. Twenty-five people with psychosis completed self-report measures and service use was assessed from case note review. Insecure attachment was associated with greater psychopathology and higher service utilisation and costs. Insecure anxious attachment was related to higher service utilisation independent of symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 355-358 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.899386 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.899386 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:355-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dieneke Hubbeling Author-X-Name-First: Dieneke Author-X-Name-Last: Hubbeling Title: Testing possible causal explanations via interventions Abstract: In the debate about a causal connection between childhood adversity and schizophrenia, one sometimes refers to the Bradford Hill criteria, but then the debate becomes a discussion about these criteria. Another approach would be to intervene and evaluate the effects. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 363-364 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.908231 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.908231 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:363-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yair Tzivoni Author-X-Name-First: Yair Author-X-Name-Last: Tzivoni Title: Psychoanalysis in a closed ward: The psychoanalytic act in psychosis and case management in a “mental health” institution Abstract: Clinical work and diagnostic procedures in mental health institutions are mainly psychiatrically–biologically oriented and the basic requirements from clinicians include case management and support over various aspects of the patient’s daily life, his/her rehabilitation and relations with his family. The role of psychotherapeutic work in general, and in particular psychoanalytically oriented work, is not clear and is often neglected. This article represents a Lacanian Psychoanalytic approach for clinicians in mental health institutions and argues that it is applicable and beneficial for patients even when the institutional orientation is markedly different. It is based on the Lacanian emphasis on the differentiation between two main personality organizations, a neurotic and a psychotic, together with an emphasis on a non interpretative, non authoritative approach to treating patients with psychotic personality organization. The author argues that a position referred to as “the secretary” is beneficial in helping patients improve their life situations and adjust better to the hospitalization and other demands. It also helps the clinician’s practice in case management and rehabilitation procedures. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 306-312 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.927911 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.927911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:306-312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carolyn Quadrio Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn Author-X-Name-Last: Quadrio Author-Name: Noa Haas Author-X-Name-First: Noa Author-X-Name-Last: Haas Title: Intensive psychotherapy with bipolar disorder Abstract: Adding to an emerging literature on individual psychotherapy with bipolar disorder, this case study describes intensive psychotherapy with a 39-year-old woman who had a rapid cycling disorder. She had been treated over several years with a range of psychotropic medications, cognitive psychotherapy, and several courses of electroconvulsive therapy, but her illness had remained severe and relapsing with predominantly depressive episodes. Psychotherapy brought significant improvement that was sustained over long-term follow-up. The theoretical framework presented here draws on psychodynamic and trauma and attachment theories with a focus on secure attachment and the capacity to self-sooth and to mentalize. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 327-341 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.940552 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.940552 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:327-341 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Tummey Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Tummey Title: Unravel: To unwell and back Journal: Psychosis Pages: 365-367 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.940553 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.940553 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:365-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paula Conway Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Conway Author-Name: Andreas Ginkell Author-X-Name-First: Andreas Author-X-Name-Last: Ginkell Title: Engaging with psychosis: A psychodynamic developmental approach to social dysfunction and withdrawal in psychosis Abstract: Engaging and sustaining constructive relationships with people affected by psychosis is a challenge for clinicians, services and carers. Social dysfunction, withdrawal, negativity and hopelessness are inherent and intractable features of psychosis. We propose that the social difficulties experienced by people affected by psychosis can be addressed through the psychodynamic identification of a psychotic part of mind. In this view, people vulnerable to psychosis are affected by problems that originated during their early psychosocial development. This results in an encapsulation of omnipotent processes, which are a normal and necessary part of infant and child development; however, using these omnipotent processes in adulthood compromises social functioning. Drawing on clinical examples from our work in psychosocial recovery services, we demonstrate how the impact of the psychotic part of mind is expressed in ‘negative omnipotence’ and ‘ethical reversals’, and how ‘diplomatic interventions’ can help sustain engagement and improve psychosocial outcomes for people with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 313-326 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.968857 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.968857 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:313-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Itamar Nativ Author-X-Name-First: Itamar Author-X-Name-Last: Nativ Title: Containment in a therapeutic community: The joined effort of patients and staff Abstract: Many patients who suffer from severe mental illness tend to project their inner conflicts onto others, thus externalizing their inner drama and making it interpersonal. As Hinshelwood noted, this is very challenging for mental health workers, who experience confusion and can become involved in disputes. Hinshelwood suggests that psychodynamic understanding may allow therapeutic containment of such situations, instead of “falling victim” to the pathological, unconscious process. This study illustrates such efforts from the work in a therapeutic community for adolescents. It is proposed that, because psychological insight is formulated gradually, some level of enacting the patient’s inner drama cannot be avoided. In the therapeutic community, patients are involved in their peers’ therapy. The unique therapeutic opportunities it offers both for the “contained” patient and for those taking part in the process are discussed. This article was written by the therapist and reflects his perspective. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 288-296 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.970222 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.970222 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:288-296 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R.D. Hinshelwood Author-X-Name-First: R.D. Author-X-Name-Last: Hinshelwood Title: Whose suffering? – Carers and curers Abstract: I propose to discuss the role that psychodynamic understanding might have in a balanced psychiatric service. Too often psychiatry emphasises the medical model of curing the patients’ symptoms and pain – and there is a reason for that approach. It allows us to keep some distance from the suffering which carers may be confronted with if they attempt an understanding. My argument is that we cannot do without either – curing or caring. However, the role of understanding may need to be applied not just to patient experience but also at a different place. In particular, we need to understand the interaction of patient and mental health worker (user and carer) and the impact of that on carers and care institutions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 278-287 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.970223 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.970223 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:278-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ann-Louise S. Silver Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Louise S. Author-X-Name-Last: Silver Title: Intra-staff openness; “What’s a nice girl like you doing in a place like this?” Abstract: At the 1986 Chestnut Lodge Symposium, Diane LaVia read a presentation written by a group of five female members of the Chestnut Lodge medical staff, reporting on our study group, which had been meeting for the prior three years. The membership included Drs. Lea Goldberg, Diane LaVia, Laurice McAfee, Vega Zagier, and myself. Like many of the symposium presentations, it was not published. The presentation conveyed the importance of staff members learning aspects of each other’s histories. I believe that the notion of the “blank screen” has been perversely used to maintain our own schizoid defenses: “It’s nobody’s business but my analyst’s” serves to keep us as strangers from the others with whom we may work side by side for years or decades. If we only learn about our colleagues at their funerals, we are left with the poignancy of lost opportunity. This opportunity probably has clinical implications as well as interpersonal, as patients observe our interactions with our peers. With their heightened acuity regarding trustworthiness, they take the measure of our own defensiveness, our own hyper-reliance on a professional veneer. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 297-305 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.970224 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.970224 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:297-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Orna Ophir Author-X-Name-First: Orna Author-X-Name-Last: Ophir Author-Name: Rennana Elran Author-X-Name-First: Rennana Author-X-Name-Last: Elran Author-Name: Gaby Shefler Author-X-Name-First: Gaby Author-X-Name-Last: Shefler Author-Name: Orna Wasserman Author-X-Name-First: Orna Author-X-Name-Last: Wasserman Title: Psychoanalysis and dynamic psychotherapy in institutional settings – Then and now Journal: Psychosis Pages: 275-277 Issue: 4 Volume: 6 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.970225 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.970225 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:6:y:2014:i:4:p:275-277 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niklas Granö Author-X-Name-First: Niklas Author-X-Name-Last: Granö Author-Name: Santeri Kallionpää Author-X-Name-First: Santeri Author-X-Name-Last: Kallionpää Author-Name: Marjaana Karjalainen Author-X-Name-First: Marjaana Author-X-Name-Last: Karjalainen Author-Name: Laura Salmijärvi Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Salmijärvi Author-Name: Mikko Roine Author-X-Name-First: Mikko Author-X-Name-Last: Roine Author-Name: Peter Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: Declines in suicidal ideation in adolescents being treated in early intervention service Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate how levels of suicidal ideation changed during treatment in an early intervention service. One hundred and thirty adolescents from an early intervention and detection team in southern Finland were assessed before and after treatment. The proportion of participants endorsing suicidal ideation declined significantly between baseline and follow up, and this was unrelated to medication. Results suggest that the early intervention service may be beneficial in reducing suicidal feelings in young people at risk of psychosis. However, the lack of a control group means that caution should be taken in linking the decline to the treatment itself. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 176-179 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1052008 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1052008 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:176-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kelly D. Buck Author-X-Name-First: Kelly D. Author-X-Name-Last: Buck Author-Name: Benjamin E. Buck Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Buck Author-Name: Jay A. Hamm Author-X-Name-First: Jay A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hamm Author-Name: Paul H. Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Title: Martin Buber and evidence-based practice: Can the lion really lie down with the lamb? Abstract: While reserch on treatment for people diagnosed with ‘schizophrenia’ has yielded a plethora of evidence-based practices (EBP) reliably linked with positive outcomes, there is concern that core processes that promote recovery are being neglected. Beyond the description of instrumental tasks, work is needed to think about the kinds of therapeutic relationships that provide a foundation for EBPs. In particular, a theoretical model for a therapeutic relationship most supportive of recovery has not been well established. One candidate model for this therapeutic relationship is provided by the work of philosopher Martin Buber. This paper applies Buber’s work to develop a model of the reflective processes in psychotherapy that lead to meaningful and sustainable change. Specifically three constructs are discussed: (1) I–Thou vs. I–It relationships, (2) the Between, and (3) Confirmation. For each construct a definition and clinical illustration is offered. Directions for future research and model of intervention which allow for the humanities and science to lie down like the lion and the lamb are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 156-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1055783 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1055783 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:156-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kyle Arnold Author-X-Name-First: Kyle Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Author-Name: Julia Vakhrusheva Author-X-Name-First: Julia Author-X-Name-Last: Vakhrusheva Title: Resist the negation reflex: Minimizing reactance in psychotherapy of delusions Abstract: It is widely believed that it is countertherapeutic to confront delusions, but the underlying reasons why have not been clearly conceptualized. The present paper endeavors to clarify both (1) why confronting delusions is countertherapeutic, and (2) why therapists can feel tempted to do so. People experiencing delusions can elicit an automatic reaction in the disbelieving therapist that can be termed the negation reflex. The therapist may feel compelled to negate or disconfirm the patient’s delusions to defend his or her own belief in a stable reality. Doing so evokes psychological reactance and strengthens the imperviousness of the delusion. The negation reflex is part of an interpersonal feedback loop that maintains the delusion’s imperviousness. It is the therapist’s task to interrupt that feedback loop by resisting the negation reflex and implementing therapeutic practices designed to minimize reactance. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 166-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1095229 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1095229 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:166-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Gumley Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Gumley Author-Name: Ross White Author-X-Name-First: Ross Author-X-Name-Last: White Author-Name: Andy Briggs Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Briggs Author-Name: Ian Ford Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Ford Author-Name: Sarah Barry Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Barry Author-Name: Corinna Stewart Author-X-Name-First: Corinna Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart Author-Name: Sara Beedie Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Beedie Author-Name: Caoimhe Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Caoimhe Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Author-Name: Rachel MacLeod Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: MacLeod Author-Name: Emma Lidstone Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Lidstone Author-Name: Julian Nam Author-X-Name-First: Julian Author-X-Name-Last: Nam Author-Name: Hamish McLeod Author-X-Name-First: Hamish Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod Title: A parallel group randomised open blinded evaluation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Depression After Psychosis: A Pilot Trial Protocol (ADAPT) Abstract: Background: Depression is one of the major contributors to poorer quality of life among individuals with psychosis and schizophrenia.Aims: This study protocol was designed as a pilot trial to determine the parameters of a larger, definitive pragmatic multi-centre randomised controlled trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for depression after psychosis (ACTdp) for individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who also meet diagnostic criteria for major depression.Methods: The study protocol was registered before initiating recruitment and was designed as a Parallel-group Randomised Open Blinded Evaluation (PROBE) comparing ACTdp plus standard care (SC) or SC alone. Participants were required to meet DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia and major depression (confirmed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM/SCID-I & Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia; score > 7). Blinded follow-ups are undertaken at 5 months (end of treatment) and at 10 months (5 months post treatment).Implications: The pilot aims to establish the basis for a larger-scale multi-centre randomised controlled trial of ACTdp. The most important study outcomes that will provide the basis of informing progression to a full trial are identified a priori as Population, Intervention, Control and Outcomes (PICO). Journal: Psychosis Pages: 143-155 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1100669 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1100669 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:143-155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Casadi “Khaki” Marino Author-X-Name-First: Casadi “Khaki” Author-X-Name-Last: Marino Author-Name: Marie C. Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Marie C. Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: The Hearing Voices Movement in the United States: Findings from a national survey of group facilitators Abstract: Empirical research on naturalistic hearing voices movement groups (HVG) has been limited to date. In an effort to better understand facilitator perspectives and variations in the structure of groups in the USA, we conducted a facilitator-led national survey of HVG facilitators. The survey included both close-ended and open-ended questions and was available online for 1 year. Participants were asked about the structure and composition of their groups, their perspectives on membership, clinician involvement, facilitator training and perceived impact of group participation on members. Thirty-two facilitators participated. The results underscore the diversity of HVG in the USA. The authors highlight three findings of interest: (1) participants’ disagreements or uncertainty regarding a narrower HVG focus on experiences that would traditionally be described as “sensory hallucinations” versus a broader subset of extreme or unusual experiences (including “beliefs”); (2) tensions regarding HVG collaboration with clinicians; and (3) insights into impact. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 106-117 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1105282 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1105282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:106-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: Eoin McElroy Author-X-Name-First: Eoin Author-X-Name-Last: McElroy Author-Name: Mogens Nygaard Christoffersen Author-X-Name-First: Mogens Nygaard Author-X-Name-Last: Christoffersen Author-Name: Ask Elklit Author-X-Name-First: Ask Author-X-Name-Last: Elklit Author-Name: Philip Hyland Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Hyland Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: Social, familial and psychological risk factors for psychosis: A birth cohort study using the Danish Registry System Abstract: A broad range of biological, genetic, environmental, and psychological risk factors for psychosis have been reported. Large-scale cohort studies using registry data are a reliable means of measuring the impact of these risk factors; however, previous studies employing this methodology have focused on a narrow range of variables. The aim of this study was to use data from a large birth cohort to examine the associations between ICD-10 psychotic diagnosis and a broad range of familial factors (advanced paternal age, family dissolution, parental psychosis), environmental factors (urbanicity, deprivation), psychological factors (childhood adversity) and gender. Data came from the Danish Civil Registration System and the Danish Psychiatric Central Register (N = 54,458). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis indicated that five of the seven risk factors conferred unique risk for psychosis, with familial history and childhood adversity having the strongest effects. Overall, these findings indicate that familial, environmental and psychological risk factors confer unique risk for psychotic disorder. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 95-105 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1113306 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1113306 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:95-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Perona-Garcelán Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Perona-Garcelán Author-Name: J. Úbeda-Gómez Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Úbeda-Gómez Author-Name: M.G. León-Palacios Author-X-Name-First: M.G. Author-X-Name-Last: León-Palacios Author-Name: S. Escudero-Pérez Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Escudero-Pérez Author-Name: M.D. Barros-Albarrán Author-X-Name-First: M.D. Author-X-Name-Last: Barros-Albarrán Author-Name: A.M. López-Jiménez Author-X-Name-First: A.M. Author-X-Name-Last: López-Jiménez Author-Name: O. Vallina-Fernández Author-X-Name-First: O. Author-X-Name-Last: Vallina-Fernández Author-Name: R. Jiménez-García-Bóveda Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Jiménez-García-Bóveda Author-Name: C. Diez-Alegría Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Diez-Alegría Author-Name: J.F. Rodríguez-Testal Author-X-Name-First: J.F. Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Testal Author-Name: M. Ruiz-Veguilla Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Veguilla Author-Name: J.M. García-Montes Author-X-Name-First: J.M. Author-X-Name-Last: García-Montes Author-Name: M. Pérez-Álvarez Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Álvarez Title: Relationship between public and private self-focused attention and auditory verbal hallucinations as an interpersonal process Abstract: This study was designed to ascertain the associations between public and private self-focused attention and individuals’ relationships with their voices (auditory verbal hallucinations). A sample of 60 subjects with psychiatric disorders who heard voices were given a series of scales to measure their relationship with their voices, self-focused attention, depression and anxiety. A significant association was found between the relational style (dominance, intrusiveness and distance of voices) on one hand and private and public self-focused attention on the other. Voice dominance predicts the scores on the private and public self-focused attention scales. Finally, public self-focused attention mediated the relationship between voice dominance and anxiety. The theoretical and clinical implications of the results are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 118-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1115540 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1115540 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:118-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eilish Burke Author-X-Name-First: Eilish Author-X-Name-Last: Burke Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Elisabeth Zabel Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Zabel Author-Name: Alexandra Clark Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Experiences of stigma in psychosis: A qualitative analysis of service users’ perspectives Abstract: Background: Psychosis is associated with a high degree of stigma. There is relatively little qualitative research exploring service users’ experienced, perceived and internalised stigma and its impact on their lives.Material: Data from semi-structured interviews with 12 service users with experience of psychosis were subjected to secondary qualitative analysis.Discussion: Six overarching themes were identified concerning: understandings of psychosis; experiences of stigma; impacts on self; emotional responses; behavioural responses; and impact on recovery.Conclusions: Stigma is a key concern for service users with psychosis. Detailed assessment of stigma should be considered in clinical services and interventions developed to reduce stigma. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 130-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1115541 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1115541 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:130-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Y.F. Ho Author-X-Name-First: David Y.F. Author-X-Name-Last: Ho Title: Madness May Enrich Your Life: A Self-Study of Unipolar Mood Elevation Abstract: I am a professor of clinical psychology with a bicultural background in Hong Kong and North America. Inexplicably, I have had 17 episodes of mood elevation and none of depression. Taking advantage of my specialty, I have conducted a self-study. To this day, I treasure the extraordinary experiences I have had during my episodes of madness, such as depth of feelings, explosions of creativity, and enhanced ability in memory recall. I was able to monitor my behavior and to exercise adequate impulse control. All these support my contention that on balance madness has enriched, rather than damaged, my life. I discuss the atypical nature, cultural context, and clinical implications of my case. My self-study casts doubt on the deficit model according to which mental disorders are viewed solely or primarily in pathological terms. I argue that it is possible to retain a measure of madness in dignified living and of dignity even in a state of madness. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 180-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1135183 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1135183 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:180-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Extreme exaggeration of the results of genetic research on schizophrenia Journal: Psychosis Pages: 186-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1153702 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1153702 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:186-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Shepherd Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Shepherd Title: Creativity and psychotic states in exceptional people: The work of Murray Jackson Journal: Psychosis Pages: 188-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1167949 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1167949 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:188-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George B. Mitropoulos Author-X-Name-First: George B. Author-X-Name-Last: Mitropoulos Author-Name: Dimitra Gorgoli Author-X-Name-First: Dimitra Author-X-Name-Last: Gorgoli Author-Name: Dimitris Houlis Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris Author-X-Name-Last: Houlis Author-Name: Kalliopi Korompili Author-X-Name-First: Kalliopi Author-X-Name-Last: Korompili Author-Name: Constantina Lagiou Author-X-Name-First: Constantina Author-X-Name-Last: Lagiou Author-Name: Alexandros Gerontas Author-X-Name-First: Alexandros Author-X-Name-Last: Gerontas Title: Psychosis and societal prescriptions of gender; a study of 174 inpatients Abstract: This study aims to confirm and explore the clinical observation that homosexuality is a male, whereas sexual immorality a female theme of psychosis. The case histories of 174 psychotic inpatients of both sexes were examined in a retrospective cross-sectional study. Using the Fisher exact test for the analysis, it was found that significantly more men (18.3%) than women (1.4%) exhibited symptoms whose theme was being accused of/ forced to homosexuality, and significantly more women (15.7%) than men (0%) exhibited symptoms whose theme was being accused of/forced to sexual immorality. Among all demographic characteristics, only patient’s sex predicted the occurrence of the above themes. In total, 17.8% of the patients in this study exhibited positive psychotic symptoms with themes relevant to the societal prescriptions of gender, homosexuality (also perceived as calling masculinity into question) being a male and sexual immorality a female theme of psychosis. The findings of this study are in agreement with the anthropological and psychological literature on gender issues and should be considered in the psychotherapeutic approach of psychotic patients. They also contribute to the understanding and more accurate description of psychotic symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 324-335 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1020333 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1020333 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:324-335 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Baumeister Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Baumeister Author-Name: Elaine Gill Author-X-Name-First: Elaine Author-X-Name-Last: Gill Author-Name: Bernadette O’Neill Author-X-Name-First: Bernadette Author-X-Name-Last: O’Neill Author-Name: Rachel Perera Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Perera Author-Name: Suzanne Jolley Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Jolley Title: Simulation-based training for “front-of-house” staff in psychosis services Abstract: Staff communication skills are key to improving patients’ experience of healthcare, from the point of first contact with services to treatment end. To date, training initiatives to improve communication have prioritised the clinical workforce, rather than allied and support staff. In this study we evaluated the impact of simulation-based communication training for “front-of-house” staff (receptionists and administrators) working in specialist psychosis services. Forty-three staff completed the two-day training. Before and after training, staff rated the importance of communication skills in their role (Attitude), their understanding of psychosis (Knowledge), and their workplace satisfaction (Satisfaction). Attendees repeated the measures at follow-up (6–12 months post-training; n = 11), alongside a behavioural communication skills task, and were compared to a group of non-attenders (n = 12). Pre–post improvements were evident on all measures, reaching significance for Knowledge (medium effect). Improvements were mostly maintained in the 26% of attendees completing follow-up assessments. At follow-up, attendees scored significantly higher than non-attenders on Attitude and Knowledge (large effects), marginally higher on skills, but lower on Satisfaction. The workshops improved staff understanding of psychosis and the importance of communication in their roles. The impact of the training on service users’ satisfaction with services should now be evaluated in a controlled trial. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 302-311 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1020334 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1020334 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:302-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arnhild Lauveng Author-X-Name-First: Arnhild Author-X-Name-Last: Lauveng Author-Name: Sidsel Tveiten Author-X-Name-First: Sidsel Author-X-Name-Last: Tveiten Author-Name: Tor-Johan Ekeland Author-X-Name-First: Tor-Johan Author-X-Name-Last: Ekeland Author-Name: Torleif Ruud Author-X-Name-First: Torleif Author-X-Name-Last: Ruud Title: Same diagnosis, different lives. A qualitative study of adults with severe mental illness, in treatment and education Abstract: This study focuses on how adults diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illnesses experience their lives and relationships and their own engagement in these relations in two different environmental conditions. Participants include 14 patients in psychiatric treatment in Norway and 15 students at schools for adults with mental illnesses in Denmark. All participants were diagnosed with severe mental disorders persisting for a minimum of two years and with pronounced impact on daily living. Data were collected through qualitative interviews on two occasions 6–8 months apart for most participants. The findings and interpretations showed that the two groups of informants described their lives quite differently. Patients described a focus on receiving treatment for their disease, few stable and mutual relations, and a generally low quality of life, whereas students described a focus on social relations, interests and personal growth. Students also described a higher quality of life, little loneliness and greater satisfaction with life. This suggests that the main problem for many patients struggling with persistent and severe mental illness might not be the illness itself, but a lack of environmental conditions supporting personal development. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 336-347 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1024715 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1024715 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:336-347 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Perona-Garcelán Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Perona-Garcelán Author-Name: S. Escudero-Pérez Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Escudero-Pérez Author-Name: M.D. Barros-Albarrán Author-X-Name-First: M.D. Author-X-Name-Last: Barros-Albarrán Author-Name: M.G. León-Palacios Author-X-Name-First: M.G. Author-X-Name-Last: León-Palacios Author-Name: J. Úbeda-Gómez Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Úbeda-Gómez Author-Name: J.M. García-Montes Author-X-Name-First: J.M. Author-X-Name-Last: García-Montes Author-Name: A.M. López-Jiménez Author-X-Name-First: A.M. Author-X-Name-Last: López-Jiménez Author-Name: O. Vallina-Fernández Author-X-Name-First: O. Author-X-Name-Last: Vallina-Fernández Author-Name: R. Jiménez-García-Bóveda Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Jiménez-García-Bóveda Author-Name: C. Diez-Alegría Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Diez-Alegría Author-Name: J.F. Rodríguez-Testal Author-X-Name-First: J.F. Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Testal Author-Name: M. Ruiz-Veguilla Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Veguilla Author-Name: M. Pérez-Álvarez Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Álvarez Title: Reliability and validity of a new scale for measuring relationships with voices: The DAIMON Scale Abstract: This article describes the construction and psychometric properties of the DAIMON Scale for measuring a person’s interaction with his/her voices from the point of view of their pragmatic and dialogical characteristics in a sample of mental health service users who hear voices. Reliability was calculated using the Chronbach’s α, and test–retest and concurrent validity by the Pearson correlation coefficient with the VAY, BAVQ and PSYRATS scores. The results showed that internal consistency of this scale varied from 0.80 to 0.84 on the various subscales, and the test–retest reliability for two subscales (relationship of the voice with the person and emotional reaction to interaction with the voices) was 0.71 and 0.78, respectively. For the other two subscales (relationship of the person to the voice and relationships among voices) it was 0.59 and 0.53, respectively. Concurrent validity was acceptable, showing a significant association with the VAY, BAVQ and PSYRATS subscales. It was concluded that the DAIMON scale can be a valid, reliable instrument for use in both research on and interventions with people who hear voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 312-323 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1028429 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1028429 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:312-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William Park Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Tales from the madhouse: an insider critique of psychiatric services Journal: Psychosis Pages: 369-370 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1055784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1055784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:369-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony J. O’Brien Author-X-Name-First: Anthony J. Author-X-Name-Last: O’Brien Title: Madness in civilization. A cultural history of insanity from the Bible to Freud, from the madhouse to modern medicine Journal: Psychosis Pages: 370-371 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1070371 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1070371 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:370-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Hutton Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hutton Author-Name: Peter J. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: In reply to Adams and colleagues Journal: Psychosis Pages: 367-367 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1093017 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1093017 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:367-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Clive Adams Author-X-Name-First: Clive Author-X-Name-Last: Adams Title: RE: Hutton P. et al. Cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis: rationale and protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis Journal: Psychosis Pages: 366-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1099336 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1099336 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:366-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Clive E. Adams Author-X-Name-First: Clive E. Author-X-Name-Last: Adams Author-Name: John M. Davis Author-X-Name-First: John M. Author-X-Name-Last: Davis Author-Name: Lorna Duggan Author-X-Name-First: Lorna Author-X-Name-Last: Duggan Author-Name: Adib Essali Author-X-Name-First: Adib Author-X-Name-Last: Essali Author-Name: Mark Fenton Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Fenton Author-Name: Vivek Furtado Author-X-Name-First: Vivek Author-X-Name-Last: Furtado Author-Name: Mahesh Jayaram Author-X-Name-First: Mahesh Author-X-Name-Last: Jayaram Author-Name: Stefan Leucht Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Leucht Author-Name: Marianna Purgato Author-X-Name-First: Marianna Author-X-Name-Last: Purgato Author-Name: Rebecca Syed Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Syed Author-Name: Prathap Tharyan Author-X-Name-First: Prathap Author-X-Name-Last: Tharyan Author-Name: Maritta Välimäki Author-X-Name-First: Maritta Author-X-Name-Last: Välimäki Title: Overstatement in article Journal: Psychosis Pages: 367-368 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1100667 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1100667 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:367-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Indigo Daya Author-X-Name-First: Indigo Author-X-Name-Last: Daya Title: I am the person of whom you speak Abstract: As consumers/survivors increasingly take up roles of influence within mental health service delivery and policy development, tensions sometimes arise about the validity and relevance of consumer perspectives. The author proposes that these tensions may be indicative of failure by the mental health system and the broader community to communicate, understand and believe in personal recovery. This first-person account reflects, in both poetry and prose, about the personal impacts of having the validity and relevance of one’s own experience denied, along with a personal account of the experience of madness and trauma, pessimistic prognosis, involuntary treatment, hope and personal recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 359-365 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1105283 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1105283 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:359-365 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Psychosis Pages: (ebi)-(ebi) Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1120076 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1120076 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:(ebi)-(ebi) Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Macnaughton Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Macnaughton Author-Name: Sam Sheps Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: Sheps Author-Name: Jim Frankish Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: Frankish Author-Name: Dave Irwin Author-X-Name-First: Dave Author-X-Name-Last: Irwin Title: Understanding the development of narrative insight in early psychosis: A qualitative approach Abstract: The primary objective was to understand the process of insight development in early psychosis, using narrative analysis and grounded theory. Given the growing interest in “narrative insight”, the study’s use of a qualitative research design was deemed appropriate for shedding light on this emerging phenomenon. Twenty-four data-gathering sessions were conducted; 12 participants from a Vancouver, BC early psychosis clinic wrote a narrative of their pathway into care, and were then interviewed. The results of the analysis, which used qualitative research, consisted of four “doorways” to positive insight development: “becoming demoralized”, “finding a fit”, “experiencing an impact”, and “envisioning illness in the background” of life. The “core process” of narrative insight development in early psychosis thus involves “coming to an acceptable, adaptive explanation” of one’s problem. The implications are that interventions should seek to help people find an explanation that resonates with their psychosis experience, and which is appraised as relevant to restoring their envisioned life trajectory. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 291-301 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.980306 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.980306 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:291-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junhong Yu Author-X-Name-First: Junhong Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Charles M. Zaroff Author-X-Name-First: Charles M. Author-X-Name-Last: Zaroff Author-Name: Allan B.I. Bernardo Author-X-Name-First: Allan B.I. Author-X-Name-Last: Bernardo Title: The hypervigilant misperception of Duchenne smiles in schizotypy Abstract: Deficits in the perception of emotion are well documented in schizotypy. In part, individuals with high levels of schizotypy, relative to those with low levels of schizotypy, commit significantly more false-positive errors in perceiving threatening facial emotions. The hypervigilance hallucination hypothesis attempts to link these emotion perception deficits to hallucination proneness in schizotypy. This theory posits that false-perceptual experiences reflect an evolved tendency to commit false-positive errors, in order to avoid the costly consequences associated with false-negative errors. The present study set out to explore the relationship between one aspect of emotion perception – smile perception, and schizotypy factors, as a means of testing the hypervigilance hallucination hypothesis in schizotypy. To these ends, 211 university students (111 females and 100 males, mean age = 19.5 years; SD = 1.61) completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and a smile recognition task embedded within a signal detection paradigm. A positive correlation was found between schizotypy and false-positive errors, further implicating perceptual sensitivity and response bias in schizotypy, and providing support for the hypervigilance hallucination hypothesis. The relevance of these findings to schizophrenia is discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 348-358 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.983960 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.983960 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:348-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Corrigendum Journal: Psychosis Pages: (iii)-(iii) Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2014.995948 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2014.995948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:7:y:2015:i:4:p:(iii)-(iii) Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ruvanee P. Vilhauer Author-X-Name-First: Ruvanee P. Author-X-Name-Last: Vilhauer Title: Inner reading voices: An overlooked form of inner speech Abstract: Inner speech is theorized to be the basis for auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), but few empirical studies have examined the phenomenology of inner speech, particularly while reading. One hundred and sixty posts from a popular question and answer community website were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach, to examine the phenomenology of inner reading voices (IRVs). Results indicated that many individuals report routinely experiencing IRVs, which often have the auditory qualities of overt speech, such as recognizable identity, gender, pitch, loudness and emotional tone. IRVs were sometimes identified as the readers’ own voices, and sometimes as the voices of other people. Some individuals reported that IRVs were continuous with audible thoughts. Both controllable and uncontrollable IRVs were reported. IRVs may provide evidence for individual variation in imagery vividness and support for inner speech accounts of AVHs. IRVs may be a useful model for studying AVHs in the non-clinical population and need further investigation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 37-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1028972 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1028972 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:37-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Author-Name: Sara J. Tai Author-X-Name-First: Sara J. Author-X-Name-Last: Tai Author-Name: Lydia Pearson Author-X-Name-First: Lydia Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson Author-Name: Warren Mansell Author-X-Name-First: Warren Author-X-Name-Last: Mansell Title: Thematic associations between personal goals and clinical and non-clinical voices (auditory verbal hallucinations) Abstract: The content of voices is often self-referent, and related to concerns or salient aspects of voice-hearers’ lives. Based on a cybernetic theory of cognition and behaviour known as Perceptual Control Theory (PCT), this study examined whether the content of voices is thematically linked to the more fundamental construct of goals, i.e. internal representations of desired and undesired states. Twenty-two clinical and 18 non-clinical voice-hearers completed self-report measures of personal goals and clinical interviews to gather qualitative descriptions of voice content. Participants’ interview transcripts were systematically contrasted with their reported goals to code instances of thematic correspondence between voice content and personal goals. The analysis revealed that 33 of the 40 participants (82.5%) reported voices that thematically matched at least one of their reported goals. This study provides preliminary evidence that the content of voices is frequently associated with voice-hearers’ goals. It is proposed that personal goals receive further attention as a possible factor to understand the meaning of voices in both research and clinical contexts. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 12-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1040442 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1040442 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:12-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noel Hunter Author-X-Name-First: Noel Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter Author-Name: Kimberly Glazier Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly Author-X-Name-Last: Glazier Author-Name: Lata K. McGinn Author-X-Name-First: Lata K. Author-X-Name-Last: McGinn Title: Identical symptomatology but different diagnosis: Treatment implications of an OCD versus schizophrenia diagnosis Abstract: Background: Individuals with identical symptomatology may receive conflicting diagnoses, potentially leading to different treatments. The aims of this study were to assess diagnostic impressions and treatment recommendations for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) versus schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD).Methods: Participants (N = 82) were recruited from accredited doctoral programs. All participants were randomized to assess diagnostic impressions and treatment recommendations for 15 vignettes. These were measured across three separate testing sessions.Results: Large discrepancies in treatment recommendations were found. All participants who selected OCD recommended psychotherapy while only 15.4% of participants who identified the same vignette as schizophrenia suggested psychotherapy. More than half the participants who reported schizophrenia selected antipsychotics as the primary response; medication was not a primary recommendation when the vignette was identified as OCD.Conclusion: Symptoms conceptualized as SSDs were recommended medication; those same symptoms conceptualized as OCD were recommended psychotherapy. Greater awareness regarding the efficacy of psychosocial treatments for SSDs is needed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 85-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1044462 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1044462 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:85-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.E. Rhodes Author-X-Name-First: J.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Rhodes Author-Name: N.S. Parrett Author-X-Name-First: N.S. Author-X-Name-Last: Parrett Author-Name: O.J. Mason Author-X-Name-First: O.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Mason Title: A qualitative study of refugees with psychotic symptoms Abstract: Refugees experience higher rates of psychotic symptoms, in particular auditory hallucinations. This study aimed to explore the experience of refugees diagnosed with psychosis from a first-person perceptive. Seven refugees from a routine clinical service who had experienced trauma were interviewed. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed, generating six main themes: bleak agitated immobility, trauma-related perceptions, fear and mistrust of others, the sense of a broken self, the pain of losing everything, and the attraction of death. Six participants experienced voices, sounds, or visual phenomena thematically linked to past trauma. The sense of hopelessness was striking. Potential aims for therapy are a focus on helplessness, fear and coping, but also on the person’s lack of a sense of purpose, trust and engagement in everyday activities. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-11 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1045547 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1045547 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:1-11 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y. Spinzy Author-X-Name-First: Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Spinzy Author-Name: G. Cohen-Rappaport Author-X-Name-First: G. Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen-Rappaport Title: Together we stand in the bottomless pit – When trauma hits the therapeutic dyad Abstract: During my psychiatric training I viewed trauma as a cul-de-sac, exclusively engaged with suffering. Trauma is an emotional breakdown suffered in the aftermath of a terrible event that places our fragile existence in a nightmarish glare and amplifies the fact that I am in the hands of forces I cannot control. In this paper I describe a case study of a woman who is diagnosed with schizophrenia and our joint venture in the face of a traumatic event which took place in our ward. I will try to shed some light on the links between trauma, dissociation, psychosis and psychotherapy. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 88-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1052007 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1052007 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:88-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Twylla Cunningham Author-X-Name-First: Twylla Author-X-Name-Last: Cunningham Author-Name: Katrina Hoy Author-X-Name-First: Katrina Author-X-Name-Last: Hoy Author-Name: Ciaran Shannon Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran Author-X-Name-Last: Shannon Title: Does childhood bullying lead to the development of psychotic symptoms? A meta-analysis and review of prospective studies Abstract: Purpose: Researchers have demonstrated associations between trauma and psychosis. Childhood trauma, in particular, appears to be an important determinant. Recently, bullying has become considered a traumatic experience in its own right. This review aims to analyse research with prospective designs, which will enable conclusions about whether or not bullying causes psychosis.Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out independently by two reviewers. Eligibility and quality assessment criteria were applied. A meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were then completed.Results: Ten studies met inclusion criteria. Four used data from the same large database, and were combined as one. The majority provided confirmation that bullying appears to cause later development of psychosis. A meta-analysis yielded an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.148 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.140–4.044].Conclusions: The studies reviewed here suggest that bullying does predict the later development of psychotic symptoms. What is lacking from the literature is adequate investigation into other potential mediating factors. The current review highlights the significant role of bullying within this complex interaction. Potential mediating variables are explored, including a dose–response effect for the severity and frequency of victimization. Suggestions for targeting intervention are also suggested alongside clinical implications and recommendations for future research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 48-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1053969 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1053969 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:48-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matt Snyder Author-X-Name-First: Matt Author-X-Name-Last: Snyder Author-Name: Sharon Young Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Young Author-Name: Lisa Schactman Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Schactman Title: Early dynamics of recovery from psychotic spectrum disorder within a therapeutic recovery community: patterns and dynamics Abstract: This study reports a detailed analysis of the dynamics of early (3 month) recovery for individuals with psychotic spectrum disorder diagnoses within an integrated, recovery-oriented therapeutic community setting. One hundred and four residents completed a broad suite of measures representing three different definitions/facets of recovery (symptom-, function- and personal recovery-focused) at baseline and at 3 months. Baseline scores and change over the three-month study period correlated more strongly and consistently within the same facet (i.e. symptom-focused to symptom-focused) than between facets (i.e. symptom-focused to functioning-focused). The relatively moderate correlations of the personal recovery-oriented scales supports the view that personal recovery consists of a multitude of overlapping dimensions. These results also suggest heterogeneous pathways of recovery occurring along uncorrelated individual trajectories. Finally, this study offers strong support for the independence of these three facets of recovery within this population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 23-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1065508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1065508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:23-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Sandra Bucci Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Bucci Title: What does attachment theory tell us about working with distressing voices? Abstract: Drawing on attachment and dissociation literatures, we propose that disorganised internal working models and dissociative processes contribute to the development of voice-hearing. We then focus on how attachment theory can inform assessment, formulation and intervention with people with distressing voices, and as such, argue that attachment theory and its clinical implications should be a fundamental element of training and supervision for clinicians working with voice-hearers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 60-71 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1070370 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1070370 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:60-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roar Fosse Author-X-Name-First: Roar Author-X-Name-Last: Fosse Author-Name: Jay Joseph Author-X-Name-First: Jay Author-X-Name-Last: Joseph Author-Name: Mike Jones Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Schizophrenia: A critical view on genetic effects Abstract: The main justification for molecular genetics studies of enduring psychosis (schizophrenia) are high heritability estimates obtained from classical twin studies. The classical twin method rests upon the equal environment assumption (EEA), which holds that reared-together identical and fraternal twin pairs grow up experiencing equally similar environmental exposures. However, a review of prior twin studies shows that identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins on childhood exposures that are central to the etiology of psychosis. Such exposures include bullying, sexual abuse, physical maltreatment, emotional neglect and abuse, and general trauma. An additional assumption presented by twin researchers, that the differential intraclass correlation for child social adversities can be explained by evocative gene–environment covariation, is not consistent with the available evidence. Moreover, due to an array of methodological problems and questionable assumptions, adoption studies provide misleading indications in support of genetic effects. As a result, direct studies of DNA variations in schizophrenia must stand on their own ground. Possible minor findings from such molecular genetics studies, when combined with the available evidence of environmental effects, support a stress-based sociopsychobiological model of schizophrenia etiology. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 72-84 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1081269 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1081269 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:72-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Summers Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Summers Title: Psychiatry Reconsidered: From Medical Treatment to Supportive Understanding, by Hugh Middleton Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 2016 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1124911 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2015.1124911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:93-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jone Bjornestad Author-X-Name-First: Jone Author-X-Name-Last: Bjornestad Author-Name: Kolbjorn Bronnick Author-X-Name-First: Kolbjorn Author-X-Name-Last: Bronnick Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Author-Name: Wenche ten Velden Hegelstad Author-X-Name-First: Wenche ten Velden Author-X-Name-Last: Hegelstad Author-Name: Inge Joa Author-X-Name-First: Inge Author-X-Name-Last: Joa Author-Name: Oyvind Kandal Author-X-Name-First: Oyvind Author-X-Name-Last: Kandal Author-Name: Tor Ketil Larsen Author-X-Name-First: Tor Ketil Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen Author-Name: Johannes Langeveld Author-X-Name-First: Johannes Author-X-Name-Last: Langeveld Author-Name: Marius Veseth Author-X-Name-First: Marius Author-X-Name-Last: Veseth Author-Name: Ingrid Melle Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid Author-X-Name-Last: Melle Author-Name: Jan Olav Johannessen Author-X-Name-First: Jan Olav Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen Title: The central role of self-agency in clinical recovery from first episode psychosis Abstract: Purpose: While there is accumulating evidence for clinical recovery in a significant proportion of people experiencing a first episode psychosis, the mechanisms facilitating this form of recovery are less well known. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate mechanisms of recovery after a first-episode psychosis as perceived by clinically recovered service users.Methods: Thematic analytic approach within an interpretative–phenomenological framework. Twenty clinically recovered service users were interviewed. Analysis followed an established meaning condensation procedure.Results: Main theme: Establishment of subjective self-agency. Subordinate themes: (1) Environmental support and gentle pressure, (2) Individually tailored assistance, (3) Antipsychotic medication: relinquishing personal responsibility, and considerable side effects.Conclusions: We suggest that an increase in sense of personal agency is a core mechanism driving recovery for participants in the study sample. Findings indicate that interventions aiming to boost subjective and behavioral agency in service users might be of great benefit, particularly in combating negative symptoms of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 140-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1198828 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1198828 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:140-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aliyah Rehman Author-X-Name-First: Aliyah Author-X-Name-Last: Rehman Author-Name: Felicity Waite Author-X-Name-First: Felicity Author-X-Name-Last: Waite Author-Name: Bryony Sheaves Author-X-Name-First: Bryony Author-X-Name-Last: Sheaves Author-Name: Stephany Biello Author-X-Name-First: Stephany Author-X-Name-Last: Biello Author-Name: Daniel Freeman Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Freeman Author-Name: Andrew Gumley Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Gumley Title: Clinician perceptions of sleep problems, and their treatment, in patients with non-affective psychosis Abstract: Aims and method: To assess clinicians’ views about their understanding and treatment of sleep problems in people with non-affective psychosis. An online survey was emailed to adult mental health teams in two NHS trusts.Results: One hundred and eleven clinicians completed the survey. All clinicians reported disrupted sleep in their patients, and endorsed the view that sleep and psychotic experiences each exacerbate the other. However, most clinicians (n = 92, 82%) assessed sleep problems informally, rather than using standard assessment measures. There was infrequent use of the recommended cognitive-behavioural treatments for sleep problems such as persistent insomnia, with the approaches typically used being sleep hygiene and medications instead.Clinical implications: Clinicians recognise the importance of sleep in psychosis, but the use of formal assessments and recommended treatments is limited. Barriers to treatment implementation identified by the clinicians related to services (e.g. lack of time), patients (e.g. their lifestyle) and environmental features of inpatient settings. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 129-139 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1206955 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1206955 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:129-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bénédicte Thonon Author-X-Name-First: Bénédicte Author-X-Name-Last: Thonon Author-Name: Frank Larøi Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Larøi Title: What predicts stigmatisation about schizophrenia? Results from a general population survey examining its underlying cognitive, affective and behavioural factors Abstract: Stigmatisation towards individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ individuals) remains an important problem, yet few studies to date have examined a theoretically comprehensive set of predictors of stigmatisation. This study aimed to evaluate cognitive, emotional and behavioural aspects of stigmatisation towards SZ individuals in the Belgian general population in order to better understand its underlying factors. A sample of 544 participants completed online questionnaires assessing common stereotypes regarding schizophrenia, desired social distance, level of contact and the Behaviours from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes map. Most respondents believed SZ individuals are unpredictable and have a poor prognosis. Around 10% believed that they are dangerous. The most frequently reported emotions were pity and fear. Around 65% of the sample indicated that they would have positive behavioural reactions (passive/active facilitation). Around 33% of the sample indicated that they would distance themselves from SZ individuals, and around 20% would flee if in contact with a SZ individual. Fear and stereotypes of dangerousness and incompetence best predicted these fleeing and avoidance reactions. Fear was also explained by stereotypes of dangerousness and unpredictability. These factors should be accounted for when developing anti-stigma campaigns. The effect of contact should be further investigated. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 99-109 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1229361 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1229361 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:99-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Canete Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Canete Author-Name: Arturo Ezquerro Author-X-Name-First: Arturo Author-X-Name-Last: Ezquerro Title: Developing a group-analytic culture in a day project for psychotic patients Abstract: This article describes the flexible application of group-analytic principles in a long-term group psychotherapy programme for psychotic patients, within the wider containing structure of a weekly day project in a community setting. Clinical vignettes illustrate the steady development of a benign group therapeutic culture which helped patients achieve deeper levels of communication and understanding, resulting in better functioning and a greater capacity to cope with everyday life and establish satisfactory relationships. Reference is made to some of the relevant literature as back-up to evidence-based practice. The paper aims to stimulate further group case studies and process research with this population, as well as to encourage practitioners to increasingly use psychodynamic therapy groups in the treatment of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 149-156 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1233573 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1233573 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:149-156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dolores Mosquera Author-X-Name-First: Dolores Author-X-Name-Last: Mosquera Author-Name: Colin Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: A psychotherapy approach to treating hostile voices Abstract: Hostile voices are a common problem in both dissociative identity disorder and psychosis. They may take the form of command hallucinations for suicide, or express negative thoughts and feelings about the self. The authors describe a psychotherapeutic treatment approach for hostile voices that converse with each other, keep up a running commentary on the person’s behavior, or otherwise speak in intelligible sentences and paragraphs. This approach can be useful, in the authors’ opinion, whether the diagnosis is a psychotic or a dissociative disorder. The authors provide clinical detail, with a case example, on the psychotherapy of hostile voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 167-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1247190 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1247190 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:167-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jane Smallwood Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Smallwood Author-Name: Suzanne Jolley Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Jolley Author-Name: Jyotsna Makhijani Author-X-Name-First: Jyotsna Author-X-Name-Last: Makhijani Author-Name: Sarah Grice Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Grice Author-Name: Emma O’Donoghue Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: O’Donoghue Author-Name: Paula Bendon Author-X-Name-First: Paula Author-X-Name-Last: Bendon Author-Name: Liz P. Greenaway Author-X-Name-First: Liz P. Author-X-Name-Last: Greenaway Author-Name: Juliana Onwumere Author-X-Name-First: Juliana Author-X-Name-Last: Onwumere Title: Implementing specialist psychological support for caregivers in psychosis services: a preliminary report Abstract: Background: Research demonstrates the importance of supporting caregivers of people with psychosis, but routine implementation studies are lacking. We evaluate a newly-developed caregiver support service, offering individual and group psychoeducation, practical advice and emotional support, working alongside usual community mental health provision for people with established psychosis.Aims: We aimed to provide analysis of preliminary data on the rate and suitability of referrals, engagement, and helpfulness, to inform future larger-scale implementation and evaluation.Method: We conducted a mixed-methods audit during the service’s first ten operational months (01 September 2013–30 June 2014). Caregivers gave qualitative feedback and completed measures of the impact of caregiving pre- and post-intervention.Results: Referrals totalled 103 (10/month), with 45 (44%) initial meetings; and 28 (27%) individual interventions (≥1 sessions, mode = 3). Caregivers were predominantly black British/African/Caribbean parents. Self-reported needs and caregiving experiences were consistent with the literature. Two-thirds of caregivers were clinically distressed. Qualitative feedback showed that caregivers valued the service. Outcomes suggest improved experiences of caregiving following intervention.Conclusions: Findings highlight the potential benefits and challenges of routinely providing psychologically-focused caregiver support. Limitations and future plans are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 119-128 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1259647 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1259647 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:119-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Brabban Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Brabban Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: The importance of human relationships, ethics and recovery-orientated values in the delivery of CBT for people with psychosis Abstract: Cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is, at times, perceived as a technical therapy that undervalues the importance of human relationships and the fundamental principles on which CBTp itself is based (such as collaboration, validation, optimism and recovery-orientated practice). As such, it can be dismissed by service users or practitioners as undesirable. It is also possible that delivering CBTp that does not adhere to these values can be unhelpful or harmful. We review the evidence regarding what service users want from mental health services and the ability of CBTp to meet these standards. Evidence from qualitative studies and randomised controlled trials suggests that CBTp should be delivered in a manner that is both acceptable to, and empowering of, service users. We suggest strategies that are likely to maximise the likelihood of successful implementation that is consistent with both values base and evidence base. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 157-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1259648 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1259648 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:157-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mary V. Seeman Author-X-Name-First: Mary V. Author-X-Name-Last: Seeman Title: Solitude and schizophrenia Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this review is to better understand the motives of individuals diagnosed with clinical schizophrenia who indicate that they want time alone. Is wanting solitude best understood as a form of escape, a form of quest, or something altogether more complicated?Method: This narrative review of the literature began by inputting the following terms: solitude or isolation or withdrawal or anxiety or anhedonia + schizophrenia into the multidisciplinary Google Scholar database. Fifty-five of the 82 papers found were then selected for citation on the basis of their ability to answer the questions of interest.Results: I found important differences between chosen and imposed solitude. Solitude can be self-imposed by social anxiety or anhedonia and can constitute a risk to health, but it can also reap benefits such as recovery of a sense of self, renewed harmony with nature, escape from sensory overload, stimulation of creativity, or awakening to spirituality.Conclusion: The following recommendations can now be made to family members and clinicians: when individuals who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia seek solitude, first ensure their safety, then address their social anxiety, help to expand their social networks, and provide them with opportunities for positive withdrawal. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 176-183 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2016.1264992 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2016.1264992 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:176-183 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samantha Hartley Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Hartley Author-Name: Sandra Bucci Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Bucci Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Rumination and psychosis: an experimental, analogue study of the role of perseverative thought processes in voice-hearing Abstract: We rigorously tested the role of rumination in the development of voice-hearing type experiences. One-hundred and two students watched a video depicting a physical assault and then either ruminated about the contents or were distracted. Participants listened to an anomalous auditory stimulus and recorded any words/phrases along with distress. Manipulation checks confirmed that the rumination group showed greater perseveration regarding the film content than the distraction group. However, the groups did not significantly differ on number of words recorded, convergence with the video content or distress. These findings indicate that rumination might not necessarily be involved in the development of these experiences or associated distress. The current work should provide an impetus to conduct additional rigorously controlled experimental or prospective work to fully discern the key processes relevant to the experience of voice-hearing following exposure to stressful events. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 184-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1280073 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1280073 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:184-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Internalised stereotypes across ultra-high risk of psychosis and psychosis populations Abstract: Internalised stigma is associated with negative psychological and social outcomes for people with psychosis. Research has shown stigma can impact on wellbeing and increase the risk of transition for people at risk of developing psychosis. There is limited knowledge regarding how internalised stigma differs across ultra-high risk of psychosis and psychosis populations. Using a cross sectional analysis, people at risk of psychosis (n = 238), with a first episode of psychosis (n = 39), and with recurrent episodes of psychosis (n = 27) were compared on a measure of internalised stigma. The strength of relationship between internalised stigma and emotional dysfunction was compared between the groups. Analysis of covariance revealed no differences between the three groups on level of internalised stereotypes or in the strength of relationship between internalised stereotypes and emotional dysfunction. For both groups greater levels of internalised stigma was associated with greater levels of anxiety and depression. Findings suggest that internalised stigma is equally problematic for people who meet criteria for being at risk as those who have established psychosis. Recommendations for educational campaigns which address stigma are made. Services which work with people at risk of psychosis and with psychosis should adopt optimistic, recovery-orientated approaches to minimise stereotype agreement. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 110-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1295097 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1295097 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:110-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: van Os Title: Psychiatric diagnosis revisited – from DSM to clinical case formulation Journal: Psychosis Pages: 191-192 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1316303 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1316303 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:191-192 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Waddingham Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Waddingham Title: Bad me? Learning from, and living with, toxicity Abstract: There are some parts of my experience that I have been able to put into words. As hard as it was, in the early days, to talk openly about the voices I hear and paranoia I’ve struggled with, the growing vocabulary I’ve been introduced to as part of the Hearing Voices and Survivor Movements have provided a template for my own explorations. I’ve had the benefit of hearing others struggle to find words for their truths, twisting language to fit something that goes far beyond our attempts to contain or constrain it. Sure, “hearing voices” is a shallow term for what – to me – can be an embodied multi-sensory experience, yet at least it is connective … linking me with other voice-hearers across the globe. In this article I’m going to attempt to share that which does not yet fully have words – experiences that sit outside of my well-honed narrative. Experiences that reveal a part of myself that is raw and vulnerable – yet carries such strength it is immune to the attempts of others to negate it. Today, I want to talk about my toxicity. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 187-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1323948 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1323948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:187-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arianna Marconi Author-X-Name-First: Arianna Author-X-Name-Last: Marconi Author-Name: Ignazio Ardizzone Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio Author-X-Name-Last: Ardizzone Title: Autobiographical delusion and subjectivation: problems in diagnosis and treatment during adolescence Abstract: Adolescence is the time when methods and contents of autobiographical construction are acquired. Wordsworth’s “The Prelude” is an example of a project of creating an autobiographical self as opposed to uncertainty about one’s own capacities and difficulties in achieving an ideal. In the poem, it’s possible to discern the appearance of what Tulving defines as “the representational abuse”: a failure in the examination of reality and specifically in the discrimination between memories originated from the perceptive experience and those arising from self‐generated processes.The autobiographical function appears to be useful in coping with emotional challenges during adolescence. Patients diagnosed with schizophrenic disorders, however, often have particular difficulties in this domain. Once the autobiographical delusion appears, treatment becomes extremely complex: the observing self can be projected onto the therapist, who may observe the patient but not interact with the pathological narration nor modify the ‘representational abuse’. The paralysis of the therapist, and how to get out of it, become major challenges. The solution may be the choice of an integrated therapeutic approach, in which psychotherapy, psychopharmacology and rehabilitation are combined. This kind of intervention requires a consistent setting, enabling the therapist to apply a deep analysis of transference and countertransference. Adolescence is the time when methods and contents of autobiographical construction are acquired. Wordsworth’s “The Prelude” is an example of a project of creating an autobiographical self as opposed to uncertainty about one’s own capacities and difficulties in achieving an ideal. In the poem, it’s possible to discern the appearance of what Tulving defines as “the representational abuse”: a failure in the examination of reality and specifically in the discrimination between memories originated from the perceptive experience and those arising from self‐generated processes.The autobiographical function appears to be useful in coping with emotional challenges during adolescence. Patients diagnosed with schizophrenic disorders, however, often have particular difficulties in this domain. Once the autobiographical delusion appears, treatment becomes extremely complex: the observing self can be projected onto the therapist, who may observe the patient but not interact with the pathological narration nor modify the ‘representational abuse’. The paralysis of the therapist, and how to get out of it, become major challenges. The solution may be the choice of an integrated therapeutic approach, in which psychotherapy, psychopharmacology and rehabilitation are combined. This kind of intervention requires a consistent setting, enabling the therapist to apply a deep analysis of transference and countertransference. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 74-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.554993 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.554993 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:74-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samantha D. Outcalt Author-X-Name-First: Samantha D. Author-X-Name-Last: Outcalt Author-Name: Paul H. Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Title: The relationships between trauma history, trait anger, and stigma in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders Abstract: The presence of a trauma history is linked to more recalcitrant psychosocial deficits for persons diagnosed with schizophrenia. Less clear are the psychological mechanisms by which trauma impedes function over time. To explore this, the current study examines two variables that could be affected by trauma and which may lead to disruption in quality of life: stigma and anger. Participants were 78 adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who completed concurrent assessments of trauma, self stigma and anger expression at baseline, and then repeated the assessments of stigma and anger five months later. Comparisons of groups with and without a history of sexual trauma revealed that those who had experienced trauma reported greater levels of discrimination experience, alienation, and social withdrawal due to stigma at baseline and five months later. The group without a history of sexual trauma also reported greater levels of trait anger and inward expression of anger than the group who did not report sexual trauma. Results may suggest that trauma history may lead to an increased vulnerability to stigmatizing beliefs as well as the experience of chronic anger which is inwardly directed. The presence of a trauma history is linked to more recalcitrant psychosocial deficits for persons diagnosed with schizophrenia. Less clear are the psychological mechanisms by which trauma impedes function over time. To explore this, the current study examines two variables that could be affected by trauma and which may lead to disruption in quality of life: stigma and anger. Participants were 78 adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who completed concurrent assessments of trauma, self stigma and anger expression at baseline, and then repeated the assessments of stigma and anger five months later. Comparisons of groups with and without a history of sexual trauma revealed that those who had experienced trauma reported greater levels of discrimination experience, alienation, and social withdrawal due to stigma at baseline and five months later. The group without a history of sexual trauma also reported greater levels of trait anger and inward expression of anger than the group who did not report sexual trauma. Results may suggest that trauma history may lead to an increased vulnerability to stigmatizing beliefs as well as the experience of chronic anger which is inwardly directed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 32-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.591422 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.591422 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:32-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carina Håkansson Author-X-Name-First: Carina Author-X-Name-Last: Håkansson Title: Cut-out doll woods Abstract: This paper attempts to convey what it feels like to be with another person who has experienced, and continues to experience, terror. The author has worked for almost 25 years in a service she runs in Sweden based on providing alternative ‘family homes’ for children and adults (Håkansson, 2009; Mackler, 2011) most of whom have been repeatedly hospitalized. The paper tries to communicate the most fundamental requirement for working with extreme emotional states, the ability to sit with another’s pain without feeling that one has to, or can, immediately alleviate that pain and without denying how that pain relates to one’s own feelings and experiences. This paper attempts to convey what it feels like to be with another person who has experienced, and continues to experience, terror. The author has worked for almost 25 years in a service she runs in Sweden based on providing alternative ‘family homes’ for children and adults (Håkansson, 2009; Mackler, 2011) most of whom have been repeatedly hospitalized. The paper tries to communicate the most fundamental requirement for working with extreme emotional states, the ability to sit with another’s pain without feeling that one has to, or can, immediately alleviate that pain and without denying how that pain relates to one’s own feelings and experiences. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 81-86 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.613999 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.613999 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:81-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Phillip Thérien Author-X-Name-First: Phillip Author-X-Name-Last: Thérien Author-Name: Constantin Tranulis Author-X-Name-First: Constantin Author-X-Name-Last: Tranulis Author-Name: Tania Lecomte Author-X-Name-First: Tania Author-X-Name-Last: Lecomte Author-Name: Félix-Antoine Bérubé Author-X-Name-First: Félix-Antoine Author-X-Name-Last: Bérubé Title: The experience of treatment of persons with concomitant psychotic and borderline personality disorders Abstract: The present study investigated the treatment experience of nine individuals with concomitant psychotic and borderline personality disorders. Given the paucity of research on the experience of this population, the goal was to explore pathways to care, transitions between services and general perception of treatments using a qualitative methodology. A semi-structured interview schedule was administered to each participant, who was referred by participating psychiatrists in each program. Transcripts were coded using a mixed open and closed coding procedure and QDA Miner 3.2.3 analysis software. Results found that participants did not dichotomise their experience into all-good or all-bad categories, but gave nuanced accounts of their treatment. Each participant described several pathways to care that explained their entry into specific treatments, with only coercion negatively impacting treatment experience. Many transitions were described, though only those who were coerced experienced these negatively. The key factor that participants highlighted in their treatment experience was the clinician/participant relationship. A positive relationship permitted participants to trust and receive help from their clinician. Limits include the possible bias of the recruitment procedure and the limited scope of the study. This understanding of the perspective of these individuals can lead to promoting better treatment experiences in the future. The present study investigated the treatment experience of nine individuals with concomitant psychotic and borderline personality disorders. Given the paucity of research on the experience of this population, the goal was to explore pathways to care, transitions between services and general perception of treatments using a qualitative methodology. A semi-structured interview schedule was administered to each participant, who was referred by participating psychiatrists in each program. Transcripts were coded using a mixed open and closed coding procedure and QDA Miner 3.2.3 analysis software. Results found that participants did not dichotomise their experience into all-good or all-bad categories, but gave nuanced accounts of their treatment. Each participant described several pathways to care that explained their entry into specific treatments, with only coercion negatively impacting treatment experience. Many transitions were described, though only those who were coerced experienced these negatively. The key factor that participants highlighted in their treatment experience was the clinician/participant relationship. A positive relationship permitted participants to trust and receive help from their clinician. Limits include the possible bias of the recruitment procedure and the limited scope of the study. This understanding of the perspective of these individuals can lead to promoting better treatment experiences in the future. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 63-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.619013 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.619013 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:63-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell Author-Name: Andrew Gumley Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Gumley Author-Name: Elizabeth Reilly Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Reilly Author-Name: Angus Macbeth Author-X-Name-First: Angus Author-X-Name-Last: Macbeth Author-Name: Paul Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Author-Name: Antonino Carcione Author-X-Name-First: Antonino Author-X-Name-Last: Carcione Author-Name: Giancarlo Dimaggio Author-X-Name-First: Giancarlo Author-X-Name-Last: Dimaggio Title: Metacognition in forensic patients with schizophrenia and a past history of interpersonal violence: an exploratory study Abstract: Metacognition has been shown to be impaired in people diagnosed with schizophrenia, and related to poorer social functioning. To date, no research has looked at the relationship between a particularly rare – but problematic – social functioning outcome (violence) and metacognition. The present study explored patterns of metacognition in people diagnosed with schizophrenia and a history of interpersonal violence, and comparing them to a group with schizophrenia and no history of violence. Participants took part in an interview which explored stress and coping, which was subsequently coded for metacognitive ability. There were no differences between the two groups. Metacognition was significantly correlated with negative symptoms. The limitations of the study and implications for clinical practice are discussed. Metacognition has been shown to be impaired in people diagnosed with schizophrenia, and related to poorer social functioning. To date, no research has looked at the relationship between a particularly rare – but problematic – social functioning outcome (violence) and metacognition. The present study explored patterns of metacognition in people diagnosed with schizophrenia and a history of interpersonal violence, and comparing them to a group with schizophrenia and no history of violence. Participants took part in an interview which explored stress and coping, which was subsequently coded for metacognitive ability. There were no differences between the two groups. Metacognition was significantly correlated with negative symptoms. The limitations of the study and implications for clinical practice are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 42-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.630098 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.630098 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:42-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charlotte Connor Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte Author-X-Name-Last: Connor Author-Name: Max Birchwood Author-X-Name-First: Max Author-X-Name-Last: Birchwood Title: Abuse and dysfunctional affiliations in childhood: an exploration of their impact on voice-hearers’ appraisals of power and expressed emotion Abstract: Objective: To examine whether abuse and dysfunctional parental affiliation in childhood are associated with voice appraisals of power and perceived expressed emotion, present-day shame cognitions, and depression and suicidal ideation. Method: Seventy-four voice-hearers participated. Depressive and suicidal status, childhood abuse and parental affiliation, shame cognitions and appraisals of voice power and perceived expressed emotion were assessed. Results: Overall, childhood emotional abuse was linked to greater voice power and lack of emotional support from parents was linked to lower support and affiliation with voices. Rejection from father and emotional abuse were the strongest and consistent predictors of internal and external shame cognitions. Depression was strongly correlated with parental emotional abuse. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the voice/voice-hearer relationship operates as an emotional mirror reflecting elements of traumatic childhood affiliations, and that these affiliations are associated with present-day shame cognitions and depression. Objective: To examine whether abuse and dysfunctional parental affiliation in childhood are associated with voice appraisals of power and perceived expressed emotion, present-day shame cognitions, and depression and suicidal ideation. Method: Seventy-four voice-hearers participated. Depressive and suicidal status, childhood abuse and parental affiliation, shame cognitions and appraisals of voice power and perceived expressed emotion were assessed. Results: Overall, childhood emotional abuse was linked to greater voice power and lack of emotional support from parents was linked to lower support and affiliation with voices. Rejection from father and emotional abuse were the strongest and consistent predictors of internal and external shame cognitions. Depression was strongly correlated with parental emotional abuse. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the voice/voice-hearer relationship operates as an emotional mirror reflecting elements of traumatic childhood affiliations, and that these affiliations are associated with present-day shame cognitions and depression. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 19-31 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.630745 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.630745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:19-31 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph Oliver Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver Author-Name: Jennifer O’Connor Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: O’Connor Author-Name: Paul Jose Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Jose Author-Name: Kennedy McLachlan Author-X-Name-First: Kennedy Author-X-Name-Last: McLachlan Author-Name: Emmanuelle Peters Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle Author-X-Name-Last: Peters Title: The impact of negative schemas, mood and psychological flexibility on delusional ideation – mediating and moderating effects Abstract: Evidence suggests that negative schemas, mood and psychological flexibility are associated with delusional thinking. However, the temporal relationship of these variables has not been investigated. It is hypothesised that, in healthy populations, negative schemas will trigger delusional thinking through the mediating influence of negative mood. The strength of this association is predicted to be moderated by psychological flexibility. A total of 700 participants completed a survey assessing negative schemas, delusional thinking, mood, and psychological flexibility. All measures were re-administered six months later with a sub group of participants (204). Negative schemas significantly predicted higher rates of delusional thinking concurrently. Indirect effect testing revealed that the relationship between negative schemas and delusional thinking was partially mediated through anxiety, and that this indirect effect was moderated by psychological flexibility. Longitudinal cross-lag analysis showed that Time 1 anxiety predicted delusional ideation over time and the effect of Time 1 negative schemas on Time 2 delusional ideation was fully mediated by Time 2 anxiety. These results describe the processes by which negative schemas promote delusional thinking in healthy individuals. It highlights the potential of targeting anxiety and rigid coping styles in therapy to reduce the risk and impact of psychotic symptoms. Evidence suggests that negative schemas, mood and psychological flexibility are associated with delusional thinking. However, the temporal relationship of these variables has not been investigated. It is hypothesised that, in healthy populations, negative schemas will trigger delusional thinking through the mediating influence of negative mood. The strength of this association is predicted to be moderated by psychological flexibility. A total of 700 participants completed a survey assessing negative schemas, delusional thinking, mood, and psychological flexibility. All measures were re-administered six months later with a sub group of participants (204). Negative schemas significantly predicted higher rates of delusional thinking concurrently. Indirect effect testing revealed that the relationship between negative schemas and delusional thinking was partially mediated through anxiety, and that this indirect effect was moderated by psychological flexibility. Longitudinal cross-lag analysis showed that Time 1 anxiety predicted delusional ideation over time and the effect of Time 1 negative schemas on Time 2 delusional ideation was fully mediated by Time 2 anxiety. These results describe the processes by which negative schemas promote delusional thinking in healthy individuals. It highlights the potential of targeting anxiety and rigid coping styles in therapy to reduce the risk and impact of psychotic symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 6-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.637117 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.637117 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:6-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kim Mueser Author-X-Name-First: Kim Author-X-Name-Last: Mueser Author-Name: Jennifer Gottlieb Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Gottlieb Author-Name: Corrine Cather Author-X-Name-First: Corrine Author-X-Name-Last: Cather Author-Name: Shirley Glynn Author-X-Name-First: Shirley Author-X-Name-Last: Glynn Author-Name: Roberto Zarate Author-X-Name-First: Roberto Author-X-Name-Last: Zarate Author-Name: Melinda Smith Author-X-Name-First: Melinda Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Robin Clark Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Author-Name: Rosemarie Wolfe Author-X-Name-First: Rosemarie Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe Title: Antisocial personality disorder in people with co-occurring severe mental illness and substance use disorders: clinical, functional, and family relationship correlates Abstract: Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is an important correlate of substance abuse severity in the addiction population and in people with co-occurring serious mental illness and addiction. Because family members often provide vital supports to relatives with co-occurring disorders, this study explored the correlates of ASPD in 103 people with co-occurring disorders (79% schizophrenia-schizoaffective, 21% bipolar disorder) in high contact with relatives participating in a family intervention study. Clients with ASPD were more likely to have bipolar disorder and to have been married, but less likely to have graduated from high school. ASPD was associated with more severe drug abuse and depression, worse functioning, and less planning-based social problem solving. The relatives of clients with ASPD also reported less planning-based problem solving, worse attitudes towards the client, and worse mental health functioning. Client ASPD was associated with less long-term exposure to family intervention. The findings suggest that clients with ASPD in addition to co-occurring disorders are a particularly disadvantaged group with greater illness severity, more impaired functioning, and more strained family relationships. These difficulties may pose special challenges to delivering family intervention for this group. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is an important correlate of substance abuse severity in the addiction population and in people with co-occurring serious mental illness and addiction. Because family members often provide vital supports to relatives with co-occurring disorders, this study explored the correlates of ASPD in 103 people with co-occurring disorders (79% schizophrenia-schizoaffective, 21% bipolar disorder) in high contact with relatives participating in a family intervention study. Clients with ASPD were more likely to have bipolar disorder and to have been married, but less likely to have graduated from high school. ASPD was associated with more severe drug abuse and depression, worse functioning, and less planning-based social problem solving. The relatives of clients with ASPD also reported less planning-based problem solving, worse attitudes towards the client, and worse mental health functioning. Client ASPD was associated with less long-term exposure to family intervention. The findings suggest that clients with ASPD in addition to co-occurring disorders are a particularly disadvantaged group with greater illness severity, more impaired functioning, and more strained family relationships. These difficulties may pose special challenges to delivering family intervention for this group. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 52-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2011.639901 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2011.639901 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:52-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Bonsack Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Bonsack Title: The roots of the recovery movement in psychiatry Journal: Psychosis Pages: 87-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.643597 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.643597 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:87-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Williams Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Title: The primordial mind in health and illness: a cross-cultural perspective Journal: Psychosis Pages: 88-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.643598 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.643598 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:88-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Lecomte Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Lecomte Author-Name: A.I. Gumley Author-X-Name-First: A.I. Author-X-Name-Last: Gumley Author-Name: P.H. Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: P.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Title: Introduction to Special Issue on Psychosis and Personality Disorder Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-5 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.653544 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.653544 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:1-5 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 2011 AWARDS FOR BEST PAPERS IN THE THIRD VOLUME OF Journal: Psychosis Pages: 91-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 4 Year: 2012 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.657867 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.657867 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:4:y:2012:i:1:p:91-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deborah Milligan Author-X-Name-First: Deborah Author-X-Name-Last: Milligan Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Author-Name: Allan Winthrop Author-X-Name-First: Allan Author-X-Name-Last: Winthrop Author-Name: Robert Dudley Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley Title: Time changes everything? A qualitative investigation of the experience of auditory verbal hallucinations over time Abstract: Although phenomenological surveys have established the typical properties of auditory verbal hallucinations, little research has examined the key issues associated with hearing voices over time. To explore this, interviews with six young adults with psychosis who heard voices were conducted and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Six themes emerged, and an experiential journey through voices was discerned. Voices typically emerged after negative life events (“Negative Trigger”), and were at first rejected as being part of the self (“The Rejection Phase”). Crisis events (“Crisis-induced Change”) could then lead to either positive changes (e.g., the voice-hearer opening up to talking to their friends and services about their voices) or negative ones (e.g., voices becoming more critical/abusive). Voice-hearers could enter a phase involving “Discovering, Adjusting and Trying to Cope” with the voices, based on three key resources: themselves, others, and services. Finally, a “New Understanding” phase could be reached where participants changed from simply rejecting their voices to different understandings, such as that their voices were a part of them, and were potentially there for the long-term. However, many struggled with these potential new understandings. Implications for clinical practice and the direction of future research are examined. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 107-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.667438 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.667438 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:107-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Howard Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Howard Author-Name: Angus Forsyth Author-X-Name-First: Angus Author-X-Name-Last: Forsyth Author-Name: Helen Spencer Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer Author-Name: Ewa Young Author-X-Name-First: Ewa Author-X-Name-Last: Young Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Title: Do voice hearers naturally use focusing and metacognitive coping techniques? Abstract: Little is known about the types of coping strategies activated by clients suffering from distressing hallucinatory voices and even less about models of coping. This study categorises those coping approaches as distraction, focusing or metacognitive and reports on their frequency in a community sample of voice hearers using thematic analysis. A non-engagement style was found to be predominant and this was linked to coping by distraction and the use of safety behaviours. This study suggests that coping strategies naturally utilised by voice hearers tend to be of limited benefit and may perpetuate the voice hearing experience. It is suggested that hearing voices groups, mental health and CBT training programmes need to stress the importance of voice hearers moving towards focusing and metacognitive styles of coping. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 119-126 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.668926 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.668926 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:119-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Boyda Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Boyda Author-Name: Mark Shevlin Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Shevlin Author-Name: John Mallett Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Mallett Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: James Houston Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Houston Title: Confirmatory factor analysis of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire – brief: An alternative models approach Abstract: Schizotypy is a multi-dimensional personality construct that is considered to be a cognitive marker for liability to psychotic disorder. The 22-item brief form of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire is one of the most widely used psychometric measures of schizotypal traits and it has been evidenced to aid in the evaluation of psychosis-proneness. Understanding the underlying latent structure of this measure is therefore both theoretically and clinically important. Using confirmatory factor analysis, data from two UK universities (613 undergraduates) were used to estimate the fit of eight competing factor models of schizotypal personality. The fit statistics supported a three-factor model with correlated “Cognitive-Perceptual,” “Interpersonal” and “Disorganised” dimensions. A number of statistical associations were identified between demographic and behavioural variables and each of the schizotypy dimensions. Gender and cannabis use were predictive of variation in the “Disorganised” dimension, while socioeconomic status was predictive of variation in the Interpersonal dimension. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 187-196 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.670259 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.670259 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:187-196 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patricia Bach Author-X-Name-First: Patricia Author-X-Name-Last: Bach Author-Name: Brandon Gaudiano Author-X-Name-First: Brandon Author-X-Name-Last: Gaudiano Author-Name: Steven Hayes Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Hayes Author-Name: James Herbert Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Herbert Title: Acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosis: intent to treat, hospitalization outcome and mediation by believability Abstract: Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been shown to be efficacious when used as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for psychotic disorders. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a contextual form of CBT that attempts to alter one’s relationship to symptoms of psychosis rather than attempting to reduce or control them. Two previously published randomized trials of ACT for symptoms of psychosis have found evidence for decreased believability of symptoms and decreased hospitalization, among other outcomes. Using the combined dataset from these trials, the impact of ACT on intent to treat analyses of hospitalization outcomes and the mediating role of symptom believability on hospitalization outcomes were examined. Results showed reduction of rehospitalization at the 4-month follow-up, mediated by symptom believability but not symptom-related distress. The current study provides incremental support for the impact and putative processes of ACT for psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 166-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.671349 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.671349 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:166-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Bridle Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Bridle Author-Name: Rosemarie McCabe Author-X-Name-First: Rosemarie Author-X-Name-Last: McCabe Author-Name: Stefan Priebe Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Priebe Title: Incorporating psychotherapeutic methods in routine community treatment for patients with psychotic disorders Abstract: PURPOSE: This study sought to establish which psychotherapeutic methods can be used effectively in routine clinical encounters (in contrast to formal therapy) with people with psychotic disorders. METHODS: To identify psychotherapeutic methods for use in routine community care, a range of experts were consulted. A literature search was then undertaken to establish the evidence base for the identified techniques in this setting. RESULTS: Five methods were identified as suitable for this application. More literature was identified for adapting solution-focused therapy, client-centred therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for routine psychiatric care than for adapting problem solving therapy and interpersonal therapy. Also more studies have investigated the use of CBT in psychosis than the other methods. However there is a dearth of evidence addressing this application of the methods. At this stage, there is no compelling evidence base to consider any of the five methods superior to the others for use in this setting. CONCLUSIONS: More empirical research addressing the effectiveness and optimising the models of psychotherapeutic methods for routine community treatment of people with psychotic disorders is required. Such research might guide training of clinicians and influence practice of community care. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 154-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.683036 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.683036 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:154-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.T. Larsen-Barr Author-X-Name-First: M.T. Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen-Barr Author-Name: R. Glynn Owens Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Glynn Owens Title: Transdiagnostic support and education can reduce anxiety in people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders Abstract: Anxiety disorders share high comorbidity with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This study examined the outcomes of a transdiagnostic education and support group for people with schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses and problematic anxiety. Results suggest that transdiagnostic education and support may be effective in reducing anxiety for people with schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 197-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.686517 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.686517 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:197-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jane Toner Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Toner Author-Name: Anna Daiches Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Daiches Author-Name: Warren Larkin Author-X-Name-First: Warren Author-X-Name-Last: Larkin Title: Asking about trauma: the experiences of psychological therapists in early intervention services Abstract: Research has indicated that child abuse and childhood trauma has a causal role in the development of psychotic symptoms. Early Intervention (EI) services have been developed to work with individuals during their first experience of psychosis. This study aimed to explore whether EI psychological therapists were asking about abuse and their experiences with regard to this, as it has been demonstrated that in general professionals are reluctant to ask. Seven in-depth interviews were carried out with EI therapists. The data were analysed using Grounded Theory. The emerging categories were (the core category) “personal model of psychosis”, “commitment”, “service culture” and “process of asking”. The issue of “why ask” about abuse was more pertinent than “how to ask” about abuse, to these EI psychological therapists. The professionals in this research had a psychological, formulation-driven, trauma-based model of psychosis. A theory was developed from the data that indicates that having the skills to ask about abuse is not enough without consistent and developed personal beliefs about psychosis, and a service culture which is also consistent and supportive. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 175-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.697484 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.697484 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:175-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yaara Zisman-Ilani Author-X-Name-First: Yaara Author-X-Name-Last: Zisman-Ilani Author-Name: David Roe Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Roe Author-Name: Elizabeth Flanagan Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Flanagan Author-Name: Abraham Rudnick Author-X-Name-First: Abraham Author-X-Name-Last: Rudnick Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: Psychiatric diagnosis: what the recovery movement can offer the DSM-5 revision process Abstract: Many developments in the understanding of mental disorders are reflected in the ways in which the DSM has evolved through its different editions over the years. Within the context of the upcoming publishing of the DSM-5, and particularly in relation to people diagnosed with schizophrenia and psychosis, the purposes of the present paper are to: (a) briefly review the central developments of the DSM over time; (b) challenge the current role of the DSM as a classification manual in light of recent developments in psychiatric rehabilitation; (c) discuss the role of personal experience and subjectivity in the diagnostic process; and (d) offer suggestions as to how the DSM-5 can benefit from the recent tenets and findings of psychiatric rehabilitation. We claim that developments in the field of psychiatric rehabilitation, and its vision of recovery, do not yet find expression in the current DSM edition. We believe that it is important to update future versions of the manual with the findings and developments which have occurred in this field over the last several decades in order to improve diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes in mental health. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 144-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.699542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.699542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:144-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Dudley Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley Author-Name: Daniel Collerton Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Collerton Author-Name: Marsha Nicholson Author-X-Name-First: Marsha Author-X-Name-Last: Nicholson Author-Name: Urs Mosimann Author-X-Name-First: Urs Author-X-Name-Last: Mosimann Title: Clinical characteristics of disclosed visual hallucinations in users of an Early Intervention in Psychosis Service Abstract: Visual hallucinations (VH) are ill-understood phenomena, and can be distressing and disabling to people with psychosis. Current models of VH emphasise that the appraisal of the VH helps explain the distress associated with the experiences. However, we were also interested in the content of what people saw in order to determine if distressing content and perceived control may help us understand the distress reported. We report the prevalence and phenomenology of VH in a large number (176) of people experiencing their first episode of psychosis. Care coordinators working with service users in an early intervention in psychosis service were asked about the experiences reported, using a semi structured interview. The findings indicate that around one third of service users at some point report visual hallucinations but only around 11% continue to report distressing visual hallucinations. Most report seeing a human-like figure, some with a particularly unpleasant content and many report having little perceived control over the experiences. For some, then, understanding and addressing the content of the experience, and perceived control, may be important if we are to help people better manage these upsetting experiences. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 127-133 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.699543 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.699543 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:127-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kelly Buck Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Buck Author-Name: David Roe Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Roe Author-Name: Philip Yanos Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Yanos Author-Name: Benjamin Buck Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin Author-X-Name-Last: Buck Author-Name: Rebecca Fogley Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Fogley Author-Name: Megan Grant Author-X-Name-First: Megan Author-X-Name-Last: Grant Author-Name: Fabrice Lubin Author-X-Name-First: Fabrice Author-X-Name-Last: Lubin Author-Name: Paul Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Title: Challenges to assisting with the recovery of personal identity and wellness for persons with serious mental illness: Considerations for mental health professionals Abstract: With the expectation that many can recover from schizophrenia, the implications for the roles of practitioners to assist them are critical. Although much has been written about how to empower a recovering person to develop a more positive identity, an important area which seems relatively underdeveloped in the literature pertains to the challenges and suffering borne from the process of recovery itself. The current paper will suggest that there are four related, though independent, challenges associated with the recovery process that practitioners should be prepared to address: (1) the discomfort elicited by the loss of, or threats to, a previous sense of identity, (2) the loss of previous ways of making meaning of the world, (3) awareness of concrete losses in one’s life which have occurred, and (4) accepting oneself as an ordinary, though agentic, person. For each we will review experimental, clinical, and first-person literature and refer to an illustrative vignette. Through recognition of these potentially painful challenges, practitioners may be even more effective in supporting recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 134-143 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.699544 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.699544 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:134-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brijesh Desai Author-X-Name-First: Brijesh Author-X-Name-Last: Desai Author-Name: Alison Summers Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Summers Author-Name: Nigel Bunker Author-X-Name-First: Nigel Author-X-Name-Last: Bunker Title: Borderline traits as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in psychosis Abstract: Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain why adverse outcomes may be more likely when psychosis occurs in the presence of borderline personality traits. This article focuses on early psychosis, and suggests an additional mechanism: that adverse outcomes may stem from confusion over diagnostic issues. Observations from everyday practice are cited, particularly the notion that these individuals do not have “real” psychosis, and the arguments sometimes used to justify this view. We discuss some problems with these ways of thinking, and then consider how they may lead to adverse outcomes. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 200-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.703226 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.703226 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:200-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amit Fachler Author-X-Name-First: Amit Author-X-Name-Last: Fachler Title: Three monologues on the personal, professional and family impact of psychosis Abstract: This article brings together three fictional accounts surrounding the treatment of a young man’s psychotic illness, via the lens of the patient, his father and his case manager in a closed ward. The three accounts are currently used in workshops for parents of inpatients. The article presents aspects of the subjective experiences of coping with psychosis, such as hope, guilt and the dynamics of dissociation, and discusses the implications for practice. The article highlights the importance of paying full attention to parents and maintaining an optimistic outlook. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 203-209 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.719537 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.719537 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:203-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brijesh Desai Author-X-Name-First: Brijesh Author-X-Name-Last: Desai Title: Our encounters with madness Journal: Psychosis Pages: 210-211 Issue: 2 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.724698 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.724698 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:2:p:210-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roz Austin Author-X-Name-First: Roz Author-X-Name-Last: Austin Title: Exploring issues of self-stigma in “Emily’s Voices”: a memoir of psychosis and recovery Abstract: “Emily’s Voices” is Roz Austin’s memoir of recovery from psychosis. She published it under a pseudonym (Emily Knoll) and changed identifying features for various reasons of confidentiality. As you will discover when you read extracts from the book, one of the main problems for people who struggle with mental health problems is that they experience stigma, and they can stigmatise themselves. This memoir tells Emily’s story of her struggle with hearing voices and her journey through the mental health system. Emily’s voices are distressing, but her therapist and close friends help her to challenge the voices, and to confront some of the self-stigma which she feels about being a voice-hearer. Emily must find a way of accepting that she hears voices, or she can’t be in the world – but it’s a confrontation that takes all of her new-found strength and resolve. “Emily’s Voices” is available to buy from Amazon. Roz recently completed her PhD with Durham University’s “Hearing the Voice” research project. Her survivor-researcher-led project explored emotional aspects of the experience of hearing voices in the English adult population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 153-157 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1430165 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1430165 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:153-157 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Stephen Pilling Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Pilling Author-Name: Karen Machin Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Machin Author-Name: Ginny Allende-Cullen Author-X-Name-First: Ginny Author-X-Name-Last: Allende-Cullen Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Peer support for internalised stigma experienced by people with psychosis: rationale and recommendations Abstract: People with experience of psychosis face stigma and discrimination, which can be a significant barrier to recovery. Internalisation of public stereotypes and prejudice into an individual’s self-identity is an understandable consequence of such discrimination. However, internalised stigma represents a significant barrier to recovery, resulting in a number of harmful consequences such as depression, demoralisation and loss of self-esteem. Interventions to support people with experience of psychosis who internalise stigma have demonstrated some promising results, but a recent meta-analysis did not find an overall significant effect. The current evidence base includes very few trials of peer support for internalised stigma; however, data from several trials and a recent meta-analysis show that peer support produces benefits on a number of dimensions related to internalised stigma, including empowerment, recovery and hope. In this paper, we argue that peer support is a suitable intervention for addressing internalised stigma and warrants further research. We provide a theoretical and evidence-based rationale for this argument and outlines some of the key challenges and possible solutions for future trials of peer support as an intervention for internalised stigma. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 146-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1437212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1437212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:146-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Author-Name: Andrew W. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Andrew W. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Problems with a recent genome-wide association study in schizophrenia Abstract: A recent study of the frequency of schizophrenia in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome illustrates the serious problems with genome-wide association studies in schizophrenia. In an editorial accompanying the paper in The American Journal of Psychiatry, it is stated that this deletion occurs in only 0.3% of cases of schizophrenia, and yet it is said to be one of the strongest genetic risk factors for schizophrenia identified to date. Perhaps it is time to consider whether further investment in genome-wide association studies in schizophrenia is worthwhile, and whether they have even a tiny likelihood of yielding clinically useful results. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 158-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1439520 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1439520 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:158-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eugenie Georgaca Author-X-Name-First: Eugenie Author-X-Name-Last: Georgaca Author-Name: Anastasia Zissi Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia Author-X-Name-Last: Zissi Title: Living with psychosis: strategies and social conditions for recovery Abstract: The paper examines the often neglected, social factors implicated in recovery from severe mental distress, by presenting findings from a biographical study of individuals experiencing psychosis. Biographical interviews with 26 individuals with psychotic experiences and diagnosis of psychotic disorders were conducted and subjected to narrative biographical analysis. This paper focuses on a group of narrators who are engaged in a struggle to live a satisfactory life despite ongoing mental distress, and thus can be seen as being in recovery. In terms of therapeutic itineraries, the distinctive characteristics of this group are the early recognition and community management of psychotic experiences. Participants in this group also consistently employ various strategies for managing their psychotic experiences as well as for looking after their mental health. The two most central social parameters for recovery identified in this study are firstly, increased social participation through interpersonal and social networks, and secondly, access to empowering discourses and practices regarding mental distress, which are in turn related to developments in the mental health service system over the last two decades. We conclude that crucial parameters in building a life with psychosis involve the broader sociocultural context, the mental health service system, and familial and social networks. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 81-89 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1447595 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1447595 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:81-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marialuisa Cavelti Author-X-Name-First: Marialuisa Author-X-Name-Last: Cavelti Author-Name: Raphaela M. Tschümperlin Author-X-Name-First: Raphaela M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tschümperlin Author-Name: Daniela Hubl Author-X-Name-First: Daniela Author-X-Name-Last: Hubl Author-Name: Zeno Kupper Author-X-Name-First: Zeno Author-X-Name-Last: Kupper Author-Name: Franz Caspar Author-X-Name-First: Franz Author-X-Name-Last: Caspar Author-Name: Stefan Westermann Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Westermann Title: Therapeutic relationship and concordance of client- and clinician-rated motivational goals in treatment of people with psychosis: an exploratory study Abstract: Addressing motives determining behavior and experiences of people in treatment for psychosis could improve the therapeutic relationship. This pilot study explored the association between the concordance of clients’ and clinicians’ ratings of clients’ motivational goals and the therapeutic relationship in the treatment of psychosis. Twenty in- and outpatients diagnosed with a psychotic disorder in a general psychiatric setting answered measures addressing motivational goals and the therapeutic relationship. Fifteen clinicians rated their clients’ motivational goals and psychopathology. The concordance between clients’ and clinicians’ ratings of approach goals was not associated with clients’ ratings of the therapeutic relationship. However, a higher concordance in avoidance goals ratings was significantly correlated with less satisfaction with the therapeutic relationship. This finding might be understood in light of explicit (i.e. conscious) and implicit (i.e. non-conscious) avoidance goals: The more difficulties clinicians had in recognizing their clients’ implicit goals, the more they may have only rated and considered the clients’ explicit goals. This could have resulted in both a higher concordance rating between clients and clinicians, and less client satisfaction with the therapeutic relationship (because of unintended threats for implicit avoidance goals). Future studies with larger samples are needed that separately examine explicit and implicit motivational goals of people in treatment for psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-98 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1449885 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1449885 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:90-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Annbjørg Haram Author-X-Name-First: Annbjørg Author-X-Name-Last: Haram Author-Name: Egil Jonsbu Author-X-Name-First: Egil Author-X-Name-Last: Jonsbu Author-Name: Roar Fosse Author-X-Name-First: Roar Author-X-Name-Last: Fosse Author-Name: Finn Skårderud Author-X-Name-First: Finn Author-X-Name-Last: Skårderud Author-Name: Torstein Hole Author-X-Name-First: Torstein Author-X-Name-Last: Hole Title: Psychotherapy in schizophrenia: a retrospective controlled study Abstract: Introduction: Although pharmacological interventions have been the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of psychotherapy. Aims: To investigate whether a novel psychotherapeutic approach, dialog therapy (DT), has an effect beyond standard psychiatric treatment (ST) in schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty-four patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and treated with DT and 24 patients matched on age, sex, and diagnosis receiving ST were included in the study. Results: At follow-up after a mean of 4 years and 1 month, the DT group had significantly higher scores on the GAF functions (GAF-F) and GAF symptoms (GAF-S) subscales compared to the ST group. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were very large, 238 for GAF-S and 241 for GAF-F. The number and doses of psychoactive drugs were significantly lower in the DT group compared to the ST group at follow-up, despite a shorter time in psychotherapy in the DT group. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that dialog therapy may lead to improvements in symptoms and functioning compared to standard psychiatric treatment. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 110-121 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1460392 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1460392 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:110-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Victoria Bonnett Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnett Author-Name: Clio Berry Author-X-Name-First: Clio Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Sara Meddings Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Meddings Author-Name: Sue Holttum Author-X-Name-First: Sue Author-X-Name-Last: Holttum Title: An exploration of young people’s narratives of hope following experience of psychosis Abstract: Aims: To expand understandings of how young people with psychosis experience hope. This included to which factors young people attributed changes in their hopefulness and the role played by professionals and others with lived experience. Method: Ten young people recovering from an experience of psychosis were interviewed using narrative methodology. Results: The experience of hope as an overarching strand throughout the narratives had three common elements: sense of belonging, which included social inclusion, the importance of information and the significance of planning and occupation. Professionals played an important role in facilitating small steps forwards. Conclusions: The findings suggest the importance to young people of a sense of belonging and achieving small goals to facilitate hopeful thinking and, for clinicians, the value of supporting new peer relationships and meaningful occupation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 99-109 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1460393 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1460393 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:99-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Morrall Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Morrall Title: Psychiatric Hegemony: a Marxist theory of mental illness Journal: Psychosis Pages: 161-162 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1463553 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1463553 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:161-162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stella Compton Dickinson Author-X-Name-First: Stella Author-X-Name-Last: Compton Dickinson Title: Insanity and divinity: studies in psychosis and spirituality Journal: Psychosis Pages: 160-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1463554 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1463554 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:160-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Cherise Rosen Author-X-Name-First: Cherise Author-X-Name-Last: Rosen Author-Name: Sarah Kamens Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Kamens Author-Name: Mona Shattell Author-X-Name-First: Mona Author-X-Name-Last: Shattell Title: “It was definitely a sexual kind of sensation”: sex, sexual identity, and gender in the phenomenology of psychosis Abstract: Purpose: Over the past twenty years, few empirical studies have focused on manifestations of sex, sexual identity, and gender within the phenomenology of psychosis. The goal of the present analysis was to explore themes related to gender and sexuality among individuals diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Methods: We conducted a qualitative analysis of 25 in-depth phenomenological interviews and a secondary analysis of two focus groups with an additional 24 participants (total N = 49), all of whom reported past or current treatment for a psychotic disorder. Results: Nearly three-quarters of interview participants and one quarter of focus group participants reported some kind of sex or gender-related content. Participants’ experiences were grouped under the following four themes: “shame and persecution,” “sexual or sexualized violence,” “power, agency, sexuality & gender,” and “positive experiences of the erotic.” Some participants described sexual experiences or content as a primary facet of their experiences, while for others it occupied a more secondary place. Many participants reported some degree of shame associated with sexual aspects of their experience. Conclusions: We emphasize the clinical importance of validating and engaging with sex/sexual themes, and call for future research focused on implications vis-a-vis engagement, treatment, and social recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 122-131 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1469036 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1469036 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:122-131 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Author-Name: Leanne Bogen-Johnston Author-X-Name-First: Leanne Author-X-Name-Last: Bogen-Johnston Author-Name: Felicity Deamer Author-X-Name-First: Felicity Author-X-Name-Last: Deamer Title: Relating Therapy for distressing voices: Who, or what, is changing? Abstract: Background: The experience of hearing distressing voices has recently been conceptualised within relational terms, whereby the voice is perceived as a person-like stimulus with whom the hearer has a difficult relationship. Therapeutic approaches are being developed that seek to modify the relating of the hearer towards the voice, and a conversation has begun about what or who may be changing within these therapies. We sought to empirically inform this discussion by exploring the experience of patients who had received Relating Therapy. Methods: A semi-structured change interview was used to explore the experience of nine participants. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The analysis of data generated three themes – two of which related to aspects of change (in me and in voices), and one which related to a therapy process (role plays). Conclusions: The findings suggested that changes can be evident in both the hearer and the voice, as a consequence of the hearer adopting a different (more assertive) approach to communicating with the voice. Such communication can enable the hearer to perceive themselves as less vulnerable to the communicative intentions of others. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 132-141 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1469037 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1469037 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:132-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter C. Groot Author-X-Name-First: Peter C. Author-X-Name-Last: Groot Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: van Os Title: Antidepressant tapering strips to help people come off medication more safely Abstract: Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for many mental disorders, including psychosis. Withdrawal effects, resulting from inappropriately short duration of tapering or lack of flexibility in prescribing gradual reduction, are common. An observational study was conducted of the use of “tapering strips”, which allow gradual dosage reduction and minimise the potential for withdrawal effects. A tapering strip consists of antidepressant medication, packaged in a roll of small daily pouches, each with the same or slightly lower dose than the one before it. Strips come in series covering 28 days. Of 1194 users of tapering strips, 895 (75%) wished to discontinue their antidepressant medication. In these 895, median length of antidepressant use was 2–5 years (IQR: 1–2 years– > 10 years). Nearly two-thirds (62%) had unsuccessfully attempted withdrawal before (median = 2 times before, IQR 1–3). Almost all of these (97%) had experienced some degree of withdrawal, with 49% experiencing severe withdrawal (7 on a scale of 1–7, IQR 6–7). The most common medications were paroxetine (n = 423, 47%) and venlafaxine (n = 386, 43%). Of the 895 wishing to discontinue, 636 (71%) succeeded in tapering their antidepressant medication completely, using a median of 2 tapering strips (IQR 1–3) over a median of 56 days (IQR = 28–84). Tapering strips represent a simple and effective method of achieving a gradual dosage reduction. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 142-145 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1469163 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1469163 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:142-145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ji Xia Author-X-Name-First: Ji Author-X-Name-Last: Xia Title: Un-binding chronic psychosis Abstract: I have lived with psychotic illness (DSM-V diagnosis: schizophrenia) for many years. In my experience, the so-called ‘positive symptoms’ of hallucinations and delusions represent a disintegrating paradox: un-binding characterizes its psychosocial core. To the degree I am estranged from other people, I become bound to hearing voices that preserves the feeling of my existence. To the degree I encounter binding solidarity in interpersonal relation, I become un-bound from psychotic persistence and rebond with everyday reality and human sociality. Here I seek to elucidate why hearing voices might be significant for chronically psychotic individuals notwithstanding the voices’ often distressing contents. I explicate how to understand the deep personal needs underlying psychotic manifestations; and correspondingly what best treatment might help resolve the chronic circle of psychotic symptoms and psychosocial alienation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 85-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1542023 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1542023 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:85-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin R. Martin Author-X-Name-First: Colin R. Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Author-Name: Mick Fleming Author-X-Name-First: Mick Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming Title: Evidence for the continuum-severity model of psychosis through scrutiny of the architecture of symptoms associated with schizophrenia Abstract: The psychosis continuum provides a framework to develop a compelling insight into the architecture of psychotic experiences in non-clinical samples. Using schizophrenia-specific measures within non-clinical samples offers further opportunity to investigate psychotic experiences and compare to those reported in clinical samples.A cross sectional survey method was used to collect data from a non-clinical sample (n = 510) using the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale-Revision 4 (SQLS-R4) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Conducting confirmatory factor analysis and bi-factor modelling found that a bi-factor model offered a better model fit to the data than the established two factor model. A general factor explained most item variance whilst seven domain specific factors explained a further small amount of item variance. Participants with higher anxiety reported comparatively poorer Quality of Life to those with lower anxiety. Comparison with data taken from a clinical sample found similarities in both the internal consistency and correlation coefficients between SQLS-R4 totals and sub-scales and HADS total scores and sub-scales.These results show the presence of a robust general psychosis Quality of Life factor within a non-clinical sample. The use of schizophrenia-specific measures and bi-factor modelling can provide suitable methods for investigating the nature of the psychosis continuum. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 42-53 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1545861 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1545861 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:42-53 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Author-Name: Andrew W. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Andrew W. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Misleading use of heritability estimates in schizophrenia genetics Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1545862 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1545862 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:90-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Mullor Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Mullor Author-Name: Adolfo J. Cangas Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo J. Author-X-Name-Last: Cangas Author-Name: José Gallego Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: Gallego Author-Name: José M Aguilar-Parra Author-X-Name-First: José M Author-X-Name-Last: Aguilar-Parra Author-Name: Antonio Rosado Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: Rosado Author-Name: Andrés López Author-X-Name-First: Andrés Author-X-Name-Last: López Title: A longitudinal study about the impact of an inclusive sports program in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia Abstract: The present study analyzes the impact of an Inclusive Sports and Physical Activity Program which lasted 14 months on a sample of people with a diagnosis schizophrenia. 30 people took part in the study. An initial evaluation was conducted after 7 months and a final evaluation was carried out at the end of the program. In addition, a follow-up evaluation was conducted 1 year after the program had ended. The sample was divided into two groups based on attendance (those who participated regularly, and those who attended occasionally). Results showed statistically significant improvements in the functional aerobic capacity of both groups, but to a greater degree for the individuals who attended regularly. In terms of body composition, statistically significant improvements were only observed among the group with regular attendance. Regarding motor skills, only balance was improved (in both groups). A general decline in the physical variables assessed was observed in the follow-up, however, this decline was less pronounced among the group of individuals that attended the program regularly than for the group with lower attendance. The results confirm the effectiveness of this type of intervention, particularly when carried out regularly, and show the need to promote inclusive programs in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia that favor adherence to these types of programs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 75-84 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1559873 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1559873 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:75-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Craig Steel Author-X-Name-First: Craig Author-X-Name-Last: Steel Author-Name: Joachim Schnackenberg Author-X-Name-First: Joachim Author-X-Name-Last: Schnackenberg Author-Name: Hayley Perry Author-X-Name-First: Hayley Author-X-Name-Last: Perry Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Emily Greenfield Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Greenfield Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Title: Making Sense of Voices: a case series Abstract: The current evidence-base for the psychological treatment of distressing voices indicates the need for further clinical development. The Maastricht approach (also known as Making Sense of Voices) is popular within sections of the Hearing Voices Movement, but its clinical effectiveness has not been systematically evaluated. The aim of the approach is to develop a better understanding of the role of the voice, in part through opening a dialogue between the voice hearer and the voice. The current study was a (N = 15) case series adopting a concurrent multiple baseline design. The Maastricht approach was offered for up to 9-months. The main outcome, weekly voice-related distress ratings, was not statistically significant during intervention or follow-up, although the effect size was in the moderate range. The PSYRATS Hallucination scale was associated with a large effect size both at the end of treatment, and after a 3-month follow-up period, although again the effect did not reach statistical significance. The results suggest further evaluation of the approach is warranted. However, given the large variance in individual participant outcome, it may be that a better understanding of response profiles is required before conducting a definitive randomised controlled trial. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 3-15 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1559874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1559874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:3-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zsófia Demjén Author-X-Name-First: Zsófia Author-X-Name-Last: Demjén Author-Name: Agnes Marszalek Author-X-Name-First: Agnes Author-X-Name-Last: Marszalek Author-Name: Elena Semino Author-X-Name-First: Elena Author-X-Name-Last: Semino Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Title: Metaphor framing and distress in lived-experience accounts of voice-hearing Abstract: This paper explores the potential role of metaphor as a signal and determinant of distress in first-person accounts of voice-hearing by people with schizophrenia diagnoses. The degree of distress experienced by voice-hearers depends, amongst other factors, on voice-hearers’ perceptions of the “power” of the voices, and on the extent to which the voices can control or be controlled by the person. Metaphors are well known to both reflect and reinforce particular ways of making sense of subjective and sensitive experiences, including in terms of attributions of agency, power and control.Metaphors were systematically identified and analysed in semi-structured interviews with 10 voice-hearers with diagnoses of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Divergent uses of metaphors framed the experience of voice-hearing in distinctive ways and were found to have different implications for perceptions of mutual power and control between voice-hearer and voices. Participants who used metaphors in which they are in disempowered positions tended to report higher level of distress, while participants who used metaphors in ways that constructed them as empowered tended to report lower levels of distress. It is argued that metaphor analysis can be usefully added to well-established approaches to both understanding and addressing distress in voice-hearers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 16-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1563626 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1563626 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:16-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea L. Wright Author-X-Name-First: Andrea L. Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Author-Name: Lisa J. Phillips Author-X-Name-First: Lisa J. Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips Author-Name: Shayden Bryce Author-X-Name-First: Shayden Author-X-Name-Last: Bryce Author-Name: Catherine Morey-Nase Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Morey-Nase Author-Name: Kelly Allott Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Allott Title: Subjective experiences of cognitive functioning in early psychosis: a qualitative study Abstract: Background: Cognitive deficits are a risk factor for psychosis onset and are associated with poorer clinical and functional outcomes. Few studies, however, have examined the lived experience of these impairments, particularly in people with emerging psychosis. This qualitative study explored how individuals with early psychosis experienced cognitive functioning and its relationship with psychosocial functioning.Methods: Ten participants, aged 18 to 25, were recruited from an early psychosis assessment and treatment service. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed five overarching themes: 1) Cognitive Impairments; 2) Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Functioning; 3) Impact of Cognitive Impairments on Self-Concept; 4) Relationship between Cognitive Impairments and Treatment; 5) Cognitive Impairments – Helpers and Hindrances.Results: Cognitive deficits were experienced as pervasive in early psychosis, negatively affecting everyday functioning and self-concept, yet were not a perceived barrier to psychological management. There was both a perceived need for and an awareness of therapeutic interventions and lifestyle changes that may help alleviate cognitive difficulties.Conclusions: Subjective cognitive impairments are disruptive in early psychosis and should be routinely investigated in treatment. Cognitive remediation, compensation and lifestyle modifications may be ideal methods of supporting cognitive function in individuals with early psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 63-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1571623 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1571623 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:63-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melanie Blakeman Author-X-Name-First: Melanie Author-X-Name-Last: Blakeman Author-Name: Carol Martin Author-X-Name-First: Carol Author-X-Name-Last: Martin Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Title: Making sense of growing up with a parent with psychosis: an interpretative phenomenological analysis study Abstract: There is little research into the subjective experience of adults whose childhoods were spent living with a parent with psychosis. This study explored these experiences; the sense people made as a child and as an adult, and the ways their experiences shape their adult lives. Participants were encouraged to consider all aspects of their experiences, positive and negative. Five adult participants who grew up with a parent with psychosis were interviewed using a semi-structured interview approach. Four major themes were identified: Feeling uncared for; I’m different; What if people find out? and Finding my identity. Participants felt that, while some childhood experiences had been difficult, these contributed to their strengths and capabilities, such as independence and a capacity for caring for others.The findings highlight the importance of services supporting families to make sense of psychosis and supporting parents to help their children make sense of what is happening in the family. It also reinforced the importance of reducing the stigma surrounding psychosis through increasing knowledge and understanding in the general population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 54-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1573916 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1573916 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:54-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Olav Johannessen Author-X-Name-First: Jan Olav Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen Title: “Psychosis” is 10 years old. Congratulations and celebrations Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1577480 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1577480 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chloé de Vos Author-X-Name-First: Chloé Author-X-Name-Last: de Vos Author-Name: Andrew Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Author-Name: Paul Amminger Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Amminger Author-Name: Sarah Bendall Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Bendall Author-Name: Lieuwe de Haan Author-X-Name-First: Lieuwe Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan Author-Name: Jessica Hartmann Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Author-X-Name-Last: Hartmann Author-Name: Suzie Lavoie Author-X-Name-First: Suzie Author-X-Name-Last: Lavoie Author-Name: Connie Markulev Author-X-Name-First: Connie Author-X-Name-Last: Markulev Author-Name: Patrick McGorry Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: McGorry Author-Name: Dorien Nieman Author-X-Name-First: Dorien Author-X-Name-Last: Nieman Author-Name: Lisa Phillips Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips Author-Name: Ulrich Reininghaus Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich Author-X-Name-Last: Reininghaus Author-Name: Hok Pan Yuen Author-X-Name-First: Hok Pan Author-X-Name-Last: Yuen Author-Name: Alison Yung Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Yung Author-Name: Barnaby Nelson Author-X-Name-First: Barnaby Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Title: The relationship between childhood trauma and clinical characteristics in ultra-high risk for psychosis youth Abstract: Mounting evidence suggests that a history of childhood trauma (CT) is associated with an increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder. Whereas the majority of studies in this area have focused on onset (“transition”) of psychosis as their primary outcome, few studies have examined the impact of CT on distress associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) and on diagnostic outcomes other than transition to psychosis. The current study presents data from 81 ultra-high risks (UHR) for psychosis patients who were followed-up for 12 months and who were assessed for a history of CT, severity and distress associated with APS, general psychopathology, functioning and transition to psychosis and/or non-psychotic disorders. The prevalence of childhood trauma in the UHR sample was high (82.7%). Severity of CT was associated with suicidality and self-harm, but, unexpectedly, was unrelated to the other outcomes of the study. The findings stand in contrast with previous UHR studies, which have found CT to be associated with poorer clinical outcomes, poorer functioning, and transition to psychosis and/or other mental disorders. The high prevalence of CT in UHR patients and its association with suicidality and self-harm underlines the importance of inquiring about CT during clinical assessments. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 28-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1582686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1582686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:28-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: A manualised treatment protocol to guide delivery of evidence-based cognitive therapy for people with distressing psychosis: learning from clinical trials Abstract: NICE guidelines recommend use of treatment protocols that have trial-based evidence of efficacy to guide the delivery of CBT for psychosis. The rationale for using such an approach, and a manual that has been used to ensure fidelity and adherence within six clinical trials, is described. The protocol emphasises principles and values, such as collaborative teamwork, active participation involving between session tasks for service users and therapists and a normalising philosophy, as well as specific milestones such as early agreement of a shared goal, maintenance formulations and use of defined change strategies. Challenges to implementation and methods for promoting good practice are considered and implications for future research and practice are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 271-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1295098 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1295098 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:271-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Payne Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Payne Author-Name: Jo Allen Author-X-Name-First: Jo Author-X-Name-Last: Allen Author-Name: Tony Lavender Author-X-Name-First: Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Lavender Title: Hearing Voices Network groups: experiences of eight voice hearers and the connection to group processes and recovery Abstract: Voice hearing has a diverse history but is often understood as symptomatic of a psychotic disorder. Alternatives to “treatment” include peer-support “Hearing Voices Network groups” (HVNGs) which have grown in popularity and exist alongside professional-led hearing voices groups. Few studies have investigated processes underlying change in HVNGs. Established research into therapeutic factors and personal recovery may provide frameworks elucidating change processes. This study aimed to investigate how HVNG attendees experienced change within the group and how this change influenced their lives. A qualitative design was employed using interpretative phenomenological analysis to elucidate group processes through immersion in the perspectives of group attendees. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight voice hearers from two HVNGs. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Four superordinate themes emerged: “healing: connecting with humanity”; “group as an emotional container”; “making sense of the voices and me”; and “freedom to be myself and grow”. Relationships, safety, exploration of voices and group ownership were key components of HVNG, but require further study. These components were consistent with therapeutic factors and known recovery processes, so these established frameworks could be used to further investigate change processes in HVNGs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 205-215 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1300183 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1300183 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:205-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Victoria Vass Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Vass Author-Name: Katarzyna Sitko Author-X-Name-First: Katarzyna Author-X-Name-Last: Sitko Author-Name: Sophie West Author-X-Name-First: Sophie Author-X-Name-Last: West Author-Name: Richard P. Bentall Author-X-Name-First: Richard P. Author-X-Name-Last: Bentall Title: How stigma gets under the skin: the role of stigma, self-stigma and self-esteem in subjective recovery from psychosis Abstract: This study examined the impact of stigma on subjective recovery from psychosis, and whether self-esteem and internalised stigma (self-directed negative attitudes and thoughts regarding one’s mental health issues) mediates the observed associations between stigmatising experiences and outcome. Fifty-nine services-users with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder diagnoses completed symptom (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) and subjective recovery (Process of Recovery Questionnaire) measures, as well as stigma measures (the King Stigma Scale, Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale), and the Self-Esteem Rating Scale. Diagnosis was a persistently significant factor in all analyses, suggesting a negative effect of the term “schizophrenia” on subjective recovery. In a multiple serial mediation analysis, experiences of stigma predicated subjective recovery and this effect was mediated through internalised stigma, which consequently impaired self-esteem. Internalised stigma is an important psychological mechanism in recovery. Interventions aimed at improving self-esteem and recovery feelings for psychosis-spectrum service-users may benefit from taking the role of internalised stigma into account. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 235-244 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1300184 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1300184 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:235-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Swapna Kongara Author-X-Name-First: Swapna Author-X-Name-Last: Kongara Author-Name: Chris Douglas Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Douglas Author-Name: Brian Martindale Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Martindale Author-Name: Alison Summers Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Summers Title: Individual psychodynamic therapy for psychosis: a Delphi study Abstract: There is limited empirical evidence as to how psychodynamic therapy should be conducted when working with people who experience psychosis. We describe here a three stage Delphi study exploring the degree of consensus about this among an international group of experienced psychotherapists. Of the 52 participants who received the survey questionnaire, 41 (78.8%) responded in the first round and 30 (57.6%)responded in the second. The participants agreed on many aspects of therapy, including aspects of classical technique (e.g. requirement for consistent setting) and some supportive modifications (e.g. therapists not restricting themselves to remaining emotionally neutral), but consensus was not received for other supportive modifications (e.g. guiding the patients if they are unsure of what to talk about). Participants commented that the technique should be adapted to individual needs. We believe that the findings have implications for therapy and research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 216-224 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1300185 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1300185 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:216-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joachim Kowalski Author-X-Name-First: Joachim Author-X-Name-Last: Kowalski Author-Name: Daniel Pankowski Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Pankowski Author-Name: Michał Lew-Starowicz Author-X-Name-First: Michał Author-X-Name-Last: Lew-Starowicz Author-Name: Łukasz Gawęda Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz Author-X-Name-Last: Gawęda Title: Do specific metacognitive training modules lead to specific cognitive changes among patients diagnosed with schizophrenia? A single module effectiveness pilot study Abstract: Background and objectives: This study aimed to assess specific changes in cognitive biases and the efficacy of two individual metacognitive training (MCT) modules which target the jumping to conclusions bias and theory of mind deficits among people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Methods: Thirty-one patients were randomly allocated to three groups: jumping to conclusions, theory of mind, and a control group. Paranoid ideation, jumping to conclusions, and theory of mind were assessed pre- and post-treatment.Results: There were no significant changes in paranoid ideation pre- and post-intervention in any group. There was a tendency towards a decrease in the jumping to conclusions bias in the corresponding group in comparison to the other two groups. There was a significant change in the theory of mind deficit in the corresponding group in comparison to the jumping to conclusions group, but not the control group.Conclusions: Our study tentatively suggests that a single module of MCT training based on theory of mind and jumping to conclusions may affect specific cognitive biases. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 254-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1300186 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1300186 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:254-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giulia Pavon Author-X-Name-First: Giulia Author-X-Name-Last: Pavon Author-Name: Jeroen Vaes Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen Author-X-Name-Last: Vaes Title: Bio-genetic vs. psycho-environmental conceptions of schizophrenia and their role in perceiving patients in human terms Abstract: Two studies addressed whether a bio-genetic (vs. psycho-environmental) perspective of schizophrenia leads mental health professionals to see a patient that was diagnosed with schizophrenia as less human. The bio-genetic vs. psycho-environmental conceptualization of schizophrenia was manipulated experimentally in Study 1 and assessed in Study 2. Participants read a case study of a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia, followed by measures of dehumanization, attitudes towards restraining and burnout (only Study 2). In both studies a bio-genetic rather than a psycho-environmental conceptualization of schizophrenia led to the person being perceived in less human terms. Moreover, results of Study 2 showed that such a conception was linked with more favorable attitudes towards restraint methods and lower burnout rates. We discuss the clinical and practical implications of our findings linking etiological beliefs of schizophrenia with the perception of patients in human terms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 245-253 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1311359 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1311359 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:245-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stavros Orfanos Author-X-Name-First: Stavros Author-X-Name-Last: Orfanos Author-Name: Stefan Priebe Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Priebe Title: Group therapies for schizophrenia: initial group climate predicts changes in negative symptoms Abstract: Objectives: Whilst group therapies for schizophrenia are effective in reducing negative symptoms, little is known about the mechanisms that bring about these improvements. This study examined the association between group climate (perceived group environment) and negative symptom outcomes.Method: Group climate was rated from eleven video-recorded outpatient therapy groups (N = 85), by three independent researchers blind to clinical outcomes. Multi-level linear modelling was used to explore the relationship between changes in negative symptom scores before and after group therapy, and group climate assessed at the first, second, third and fourth therapy stage.Results: High group engagement, low conflict and low avoidance in the first therapy stage were associated with improvements in negative symptoms. Associations in the latter stages mainly failed to reach statistical significance.Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of initial group mechanisms in treating negative symptoms. Future research should explore how to promote optimal initial group conditions in the treatment of schizophrenia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 225-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1311360 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1311360 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:225-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heather Law Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Law Author-Name: Lucy Carter Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Carter Author-Name: Rachel Sellers Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Sellers Author-Name: Richard Emsley Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Emsley Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Linda Davies Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Davies Author-Name: Paul French Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: French Author-Name: Peter M. Haddad Author-X-Name-First: Peter M. Author-X-Name-Last: Haddad Author-Name: Elizabeth Pitt Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Pitt Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: David Shiers Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Shiers Author-Name: Alison R. Yung Author-X-Name-First: Alison R. Author-X-Name-Last: Yung Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: A pilot randomised controlled trial comparing antipsychotic medication, to cognitive behavioural therapy to a combination of both in people with psychosis: rationale, study design and baseline data of the COMPARE trial Abstract: Aims: Ongoing NICE guidance recommends research on the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological treatment alone, compared to antipsychotic medication and compared to psychological treatment and antipsychotic medication combined. The COMPARE study (Cognitive behaviour therapy or Medication for Psychosis- A Randomised Evaluation) was a pilot trial designed to inform a definitive trial to answer this question.Method: COMPARE was a single-site pilot randomised controlled trial to compare a standardised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) intervention to treatment with antipsychotic medication (APs) and a combined treatment (CBT plus APs) in adults with psychosis. Participants were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and followed up at 6, 12, 24 and 52 weeks. The primary outcomes were recruitment and retention of participants. We surveyed a wider population of staff and service users to further inform feasibility of a definitive trial.Results: We report the characteristics of the recruited sample at baseline (n = 75) and results from surveys.Conclusions: The study recruited to target demonstrating it is feasible to identify and recruit participants to a study of this kind. The survey results also suggest that such trials are feasible.Trial registration ISRCTN06022197. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 193-204 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1316302 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1316302 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:193-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher R. DeCou Author-X-Name-First: Christopher R. Author-X-Name-Last: DeCou Author-Name: Shannon M. Lynch Author-X-Name-First: Shannon M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch Author-Name: Dana D. DeHart Author-X-Name-First: Dana D. Author-X-Name-Last: DeHart Author-Name: Joanne Belknap Author-X-Name-First: Joanne Author-X-Name-Last: Belknap Title: Evaluating childhood and adulthood victimization as predictors of psychotic disorders: findings from a nationwide study of women in jail Abstract: Incarcerated women experience high rates of childhood victimization and adulthood interpersonal violence, which have been identified as risk factors for psychotic-spectrum disorders. This study included 491 women in jail, who completed structured diagnostic interviews and questionnaires concerning past victimization. Interpersonal violence in adulthood was a significant mediator of the association between childhood victimization and 12-month prevalence of any psychotic disorder. These findings demonstrate the importance of assessing victimization in childhood and adulthood relative to psychosis among women in jail. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 282-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1325512 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1325512 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:282-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexander H. Jack Author-X-Name-First: Alexander H. Author-X-Name-Last: Jack Author-Name: Vincent Egan Author-X-Name-First: Vincent Author-X-Name-Last: Egan Title: Trouble at school: a systematic review to explore the association between childhood bullying and paranoid thinking Abstract: BackgroundBullying is prevalent, and is a risk factor for the development of psychotic phenomena. Distinct aetiologies exist for specific psychotic experiences; childhood bullying begets paranoid thinking.ObjectivesTo systematically review the literature that concerns the association between childhood bullying and paranoid thinking.Data SourcesSystematic searches were conducted using the PsycINFO, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science and ProQuest databases, using derivations of paranoid thinking, bullying and childhood. A search of relevant reference lists was also conducted.Study SelectionIn total, 2866 studies were found. After duplicates were removed, 1724 studies were screened by title and abstract. Resultantly, 79 studies were quality assessed. Of these, 11 were included in the qualitative data synthesis.Data SynthesisAll but one of the studies identified a positive association between the variables of interest, either as a co-occurring experience, or precipitant.LimitationsThe included studies had methodological weaknesses, for example: inconsistent measurement of bullying and paranoid thinking, and the use of self-report measures; causality was difficult to determine.ConclusionsThere is a positive association between childhood bullying and paranoid thinking. This finding adds to the evidence that specific psychotic phenomena have distinct developmental trajectories, though well-designed prospective studies are required to determine causality. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 260-270 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1340503 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1340503 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:260-270 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Erratum Journal: Psychosis Pages: (iii)-(iii) Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1354581 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1354581 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:(iii)-(iii) Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Akiko Hart Author-X-Name-First: Akiko Author-X-Name-Last: Hart Title: When we lose hope: experiences from Hearing Voices groups Abstract: I often think that at the heart of a Hearing Voices group is hope: generating, renewing and offering itself, in a space where we share hope for the future and hope for recovery. It may therefore come as a surprise that for me, one of the strongest themes in groups, particularly in forensic settings, is in fact hopelessness. I’m interested in exploring what this hopelessness has brought up in me, how it has challenged me and what it has given me. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 286-289 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1363475 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1363475 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:286-289 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samantha Wong Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Author-Name: Sandra Bucci Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Bucci Author-Name: Akib Ul Huque Author-X-Name-First: Akib Ul Author-X-Name-Last: Huque Author-Name: Samantha Hartley Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Hartley Author-Name: Richard J. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Richard J. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: An analogue study investigating voice-hearing following exposure to stressful material Abstract: Non-clinical participants viewed pictures of either neutral or stressful interpersonal scenes before completing a voice-detection task. Exposure to stress did not influence voice detection, but scores on a measure of depersonalisation were positively correlated with voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 55-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1392588 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1392588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:55-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Galbusera Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Galbusera Author-Name: Miriam Kyselo Author-X-Name-First: Miriam Author-X-Name-Last: Kyselo Title: The difference that makes the difference: a conceptual analysis of the open dialogue approach Abstract: In this paper we focus on the Open Dialogue (OD) approach to acute psychosis with the aim of better understanding and clarifying the principles underlying its efficacy. To do this, we do a conceptual analysis of the OD literature. We introduce the basic principles of the OD approach and focus on the dialogical process, which stands out as a core healing factor of this practice. In particular, we shed light on one element that yields and sustains dialogue: the dialogical therapeutic stance. We systematise and disentangle different descriptions of the dialogical therapeutic stance and derive some of its essential properties. Based on this, we finally propose a clear-cut definition of the dialogical therapeutic stance as comprising two necessary and constitutive aspects: openness and authenticity. We believe that this conceptualisation might usefully inform the OD practice and theory, and eventually contribute to advance research on the treatment of schizophrenia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 47-54 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1397734 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1397734 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:47-54 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alice Thomson Author-X-Name-First: Alice Author-X-Name-Last: Thomson Author-Name: Helen Griffiths Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Griffiths Author-Name: Matthias Schwannauer Author-X-Name-First: Matthias Author-X-Name-Last: Schwannauer Title: Negative symptoms: barely understood, poorly treated Journal: Psychosis Pages: 62-63 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1397735 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1397735 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:62-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jessica E. O’Connell Author-X-Name-First: Jessica E. Author-X-Name-Last: O’Connell Author-Name: Henry J. Jackson Author-X-Name-First: Henry J. Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: Unusual conditions: delusional infestation: is it beyond psychological understanding and treatment? Time to rethink? Abstract: Throughout their careers, and whether employed in public or private sectors, clinical psychologists will see clients who present with unusual, low prevalence conditions. One such condition is delusions of infestation (DI). We aim to inform mental health professionals about the nature of this condition by providing an overview of the symptoms and associated features of DI. We outline putative aetiological factors involved in the development of DI and then discuss the differential diagnoses that one needs to carefully consider when clients present with this condition. This article argues for the significant role of engagement, case formulation and psychological intervention for individuals experiencing DI, all of which have previously been thought unachievable for those with this disorder. We believe that people experiencing this condition can benefit from psychological understanding and treatment. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 38-46 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1405063 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1405063 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:38-46 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Kaltsi Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Kaltsi Author-Name: Sandra Bucci Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Bucci Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Experimental manipulation of metacognitive beliefs and paranoia in a non-clinical population Abstract: Objective: The application of metacognitive processes in the development of paranoia has been examined, with tentative support evident. In the absence of causal conclusions, the present study examined the causal role of metacognitive beliefs in the development of paranoia by manipulating positive and negative metacognitive beliefs on paranoia frequency and distress.Method: A non-clinical sample (n = 110) was randomly assigned to either a positive or negative manipulation experimental group intended to alter beliefs about paranoia followed by a paranoia induction task (Cyberball task).Results: The positive beliefs induction was successful in manipulating metacognitive beliefs. Following the paranoia induction, the positive beliefs group reported an increase in paranoia frequency (F(1, 106) = 12.4, p = .001); the negative beliefs group reported a decrease in paranoia related distress (F(1, 104) = 8.21, p = .005).Conclusions: This is the first experimental manipulation of beliefs about paranoia study to show that positive beliefs about paranoia leads to the adoption of paranoia as a deliberate strategy for managing interpersonal threat. Findings from this novel experimental paradigm support the metacognitive prediction of the Self-Referent Executive Function model. Further investigation is needed in manipulating negative beliefs about paranoia and its impact on paranoia-related distress. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-10 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1413128 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1413128 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:1-10 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Justin Allman Author-X-Name-First: Justin Author-X-Name-Last: Allman Author-Name: Anne Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: Becky Whitfield Author-X-Name-First: Becky Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield Author-Name: Michelle McCartney Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: McCartney Title: “It doesn’t mean I’m useless”: how do young people experiencing psychosis contribute to their families and why are contributions sometimes overlooked? Abstract: Purpose: Psychosis is often seen as a “burden” on families and affected individuals frequently hold a negative view of themselves. This study explored the ways in which young adults who have experienced first-episode psychosis make a positive contribution within their families. Methods: Fifteen participants (seven young people with experience of psychosis and eight relatives) were interviewed separately. Their accounts were analysed using grounded theory methodology. Results: For many individuals, their experience had led to a catastrophic redefinition of their identity. However, they continued to contribute significantly both within their families and within their wider communities. The redefinition of identity sometimes appeared to create a “perceptual filter” whereby both the person themselves and family members overlooked or minimised their contribution, focusing instead on being alert to signs of psychosis or illness. Conclusions: Shame and a focus on symptoms rather than achievements and contributions can significantly limit opportunities, expectations and movement beyond an illness identity. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this and to help young people and their families to notice and value positive contribution, and so promote recovery, well-being and post-traumatic growth. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 11-21 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1413129 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1413129 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:11-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Leo Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Leo Title: Memo to the newest generation of gene hunters: read Jay Joseph Abstract: Molecular biologists searching for the genes for schizophrenia assume the genes exist because they have faith in the schizophrenia family, twin, and adoption studies. Most textbooks and review chapters do not go back to the original material and instead rely on what previous reviewers have stated. In contrast, Jay Joseph has analyzed in great detail the primary literature. It would behoove those in search of these genes to read Joseph’s latest book. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 58-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2017.1422009 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2017.1422009 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:58-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca McKnight Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: McKnight Title: Emily’s voices Journal: Psychosis Pages: 76-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1430166 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1430166 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:76-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Devvarta Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Devvarta Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Title: Psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia: a survey of clinical training and clinicians’ opinions in India Abstract: Psychosocial interventions play an important role in improving outcomes for people diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, in lower and middle-income countries (LAMIC), these interventions are often neglected. It is important to understand the reasons for such neglect, and the opinion/views of mental health professionals working in LAMIC can shed significant light on this issue. With this in mind, the present study aimed at surveying the opinion of mental health professionals in India (a LAMIC) regarding four commonly used psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia (Psychoeducation, Cognitive Remediation, Cognitive Behavior Therapy for psychoses, and Social Skills Training) and their level of training in these interventions. A total of 192 mental health professionals were contacted, out of which 42 (22%) completed the survey. The findings indicate that clinicians perceive the importance of psychosocial interventions for psychosis; however, limited resources and inadequate training are major stumbling blocks in using these interventions. The findings have been discussed in light of their implications and the required steps to overcome the hindrances so that most patients benefit from these interventions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 22-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1430845 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1430845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:22-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Debra Lampshire Author-X-Name-First: Debra Author-X-Name-Last: Lampshire Title: Evolution or revolution Abstract: This is the closing address of the 20th International Congress of the International Society for Psychological and Social Approaches to Psychosis, in Liverpool, delivered on 3 September 2017. The theme of the conference was “Making Real Change Happen”. This speech describes parts of Debra Lampshire’s life journey through madness to activist, and her views on what needs to change and how. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 64-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1431690 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1431690 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:64-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gary H Author-X-Name-First: Gary Author-X-Name-Last: H Title: A diagnosis of “Borderline Personality Disorder” Who am I? Who could I have been? Who can I become? Abstract: A diagnosis of “Borderline Personality Disorder” has led to a false identity being imposed upon me. This is my personal story of secrets, control, power, abuse, trauma, chaos, confusion, “psychosis” and madness. During the last 25 years in secondary mental health services, I have had little opportunity to have my story heard or the support to make sense of what happened and is still happening to me. It is only in the last year, that I have begun to take some control back by re-storying myself and making some sense of everything that has happened to me. It’s difficult. The voices I hear confuse and frighten me, conflicting messages from the medicalised mental health system I can’t escape from, the welfare benefits system that seems to rely on diagnosis and articles and debates regarding whether the labels I have been forced to wear for so long are valid and helpful. This is a story with no happy ending. Yet, somewhere deep within me I’m learning to have hope that one day I will know who I actually am, that I will get some support to do this, and that I actually deserve to live and not just survive. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 70-75 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1431691 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1431691 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:70-75 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sandra T. Neil Author-X-Name-First: Sandra T. Author-X-Name-Last: Neil Author-Name: Jason Price Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Price Author-Name: Liz Pitt Author-X-Name-First: Liz Author-X-Name-Last: Pitt Author-Name: Mary Welford Author-X-Name-First: Mary Author-X-Name-Last: Welford Author-Name: Sarah Nothard Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Nothard Author-Name: William Sellwood Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Sellwood Author-Name: John Mulligan Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Mulligan Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Working together: Service Users and researchers in Psychosis research Abstract: This paper describes how Service Users and researchers worked together to develop a measure of recovery from psychosis “the Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery from psychosis” (QPR, Neil et al., 2009), and illustrates this experience from both perspectives. The obstacles faced and how these were overcome are described. It was found that it was possible for Service Users and non-Service Users to work collaboratively, that there were unique contributions from each and a sharing of areas of expertise, for example, research knowledge and expertise by experience. This paper highlights advantages of working collaboratively. It is hoped that sharing these experiences will encourage other researchers and Service Users to embrace this way of working. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 306-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.704931 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.704931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:306-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Kimhy Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Kimhy Author-Name: N. Tarrier Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Tarrier Author-Name: S. Essock Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Essock Author-Name: D. Malaspina Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Malaspina Author-Name: D. Cabannis Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Cabannis Author-Name: A.T. Beck Author-X-Name-First: A.T. Author-X-Name-Last: Beck Title: Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis – training practices and dissemination in the United States Abstract: Objective: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is an evidence-based treatment for psychosis-related disorders. However, despite the strong evidence-base and inclusion in national treatment guidelines, CBTp remains poorly disseminated in the US. It is proposed that this state is a product of lack of CBTp knowledge among clinical training leaders along with limited availability of training opportunities.Method: We surveyed training directors in US psychiatry residency and clinical psychology doctoral programs to characterize the penetration of CBTp training and to assess their familiarity with basic CBTp facts.Results: Directors displayed limited knowledge of CBTp effectiveness, with only 50% of psychiatry and 40% of psychology directors believing that CBTp is efficacious. Only 10% of psychiatry and 30% of psychology directors were aware that the CBTp evidence-base is based on meta-analyses. While 45% of all directors reported that their program offer CBTp training, trainees received limited training – 4 hours of didactics, 21 hours of treatment, and 12 hours of supervision.Conclusions: CBTp dissemination in the US is characterized by training directors' minimal awareness of the CBTp evidence-base along with training opportunities that are so limited as to be unlikely to be adequate to provide CBTp effectively, hence unlikely to improve patients' psychoses. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 296-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2012.704932 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2012.704932 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:296-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Olav Johannessen Author-X-Name-First: Jan Olav Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen Title: Sullivan revisited – Life and work: Harry Stack Sullivan’s relevance for contemporary psychiatry, psychotherapy and psychoanalysis Journal: Psychosis Pages: 319-320 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.778898 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.778898 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:319-320 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kirstin Daalman Author-X-Name-First: Kirstin Author-X-Name-Last: Daalman Author-Name: Kelly M. Diederen Author-X-Name-First: Kelly M. Author-X-Name-Last: Diederen Title: A final common pathway to hearing voices: examining differences and similarities in clinical and non-clinical individuals Abstract: Although auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia, they are frequently described on a continuum, ranging from patients diagnosed with a psychotic disorder to non-clinical populations. A key difference between these groups, however, is the absence of additional symptomatology as well as medication use in the group of non-clinical individuals, thus providing an excellent opportunity to study voices in relative isolation. However, this relies on the rather challenging assumption that AVH in clinical and non-clinical individuals can be considered the same phenomenon resulting from a common neurobiological substrate. Studies comparing voices between these groups might provide support for or against this assumption. Furthermore, increasing knowledge about AVH in non-clinical individuals might help eliminate ideas that AVH are always related to a need for care and could hence help to put voices in a more positive light. The aim of this review was therefore to review and summarize studies on AVH in non-clinical individuals with a main focus on the comparison between non-clinical individuals with AVH and individuals diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Both groups displayed similar brain activation during the experience of AVH, showed aberrant brain connectivity and an increased rate of childhood traumas. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 236-246 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.796402 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.796402 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:236-246 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adèle de Jager Author-X-Name-First: Adèle de Author-X-Name-Last: Jager Title: Hearing voices – the histories, causes and meanings of auditory verbal hallucinations Journal: Psychosis Pages: 317-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.806571 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.806571 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:317-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sami Timimi Author-X-Name-First: Sami Author-X-Name-Last: Timimi Title: Madness contested: power and practice Journal: Psychosis Pages: 320-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.806572 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.806572 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:320-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Title: The origins of voices: links between life history and voice hearing in a survey of 100 cases Abstract: A data synthesis is presented from 100 clinical cases, 80% with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder, in which Romme and Escher’s “construct” method was used to formulate voice-hearing content and characteristics in relation to life events. Across the sample, most participants heard between two and five voices and the average duration of voice hearing was 18 years. At least one adverse childhood experience was reported by 89% of the sample, including family conflict, neglect, physical/sexual/emotional maltreatment, and bullying. In addition, a broad range of acute, precipitating stressors were associated with the onset of voice hearing itself in both childhood and adulthood. In 94% of cases, it was possible to clearly formulate the underlying emotional conflicts embodied by the voices (e.g., low self-worth, anger, shame and guilt). Representations for voice identity (e.g., disowned aspects of self, a family member, a past abuser) were formulated in 78% of cases. It is proposed that many individuals hear voices that make psychological sense in the context of life events, and that this information can be clinically applied in ways that serve personal recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 270-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.816337 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.816337 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:270-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marius Romme Author-X-Name-First: Marius Author-X-Name-Last: Romme Author-Name: Mervyn Morris Author-X-Name-First: Mervyn Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Title: The recovery process with hearing voices: accepting as well as exploring their emotional background through a supported process Abstract: This paper reports on the methodology, results and conclusions from a study of 50 voice-hearers’ stories of the experience of their recovery process. The original text includes full first-hand accounts and this paper provides details of questions put forward in order to analyse the information from these reports. It also discusses how these questions were derived from earlier studies. The results are presented as identifiable steps towards recovery. The conclusion accentuates evidence that assuming voice-hearing is a psychotic symptom might not be justified. The study identifies the opportunities that become available when psychiatric services recognise voice hearing as an acceptable and understandable variation of human experience. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 259-269 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.830641 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.830641 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:259-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Author-Name: Amanda Waegeli Author-X-Name-First: Amanda Author-X-Name-Last: Waegeli Author-Name: John Watkins Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Watkins Title: Spirituality and hearing voices: considering the relation Abstract: For millennia, some people have heard voices that others cannot hear. These have been variously understood as medical, psychological and spiritual phenomena. In this article we consider the specific role of spirituality in voice-hearing in two ways. First, we examine how spirituality may help or hinder people who hear voices. Benefits are suggested to include offering an alternative meaning to the experience which can give more control and comfort, enabling the development of specific coping strategies, increasing social support, and encouraging forgiveness. Potential drawbacks are noted to include increased distress and reduced control resulting from placing frightening or coercive constructions on voices, social isolation, the development of dysfunctional beliefs, and missed/delayed opportunities for successful mental health interventions. After examining problems surrounding classifying voices as either spiritual or psychotic, we move beyond an essentialist position to examine how such a classification is likely to be fluid, and how a given voice may move between these designations. We also highlight tensions between modernist and postmodernist approaches to voice-hearing. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 247-258 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.831945 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.831945 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:247-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jacqui Dillon Author-X-Name-First: Jacqui Author-X-Name-Last: Dillon Author-Name: Gail A. Hornstein Author-X-Name-First: Gail A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hornstein Title: Hearing voices peer support groups: a powerful alternative for people in distress Abstract: Hearing voices peer support groups offer a powerful alternative to mainstream psychiatric approaches for understanding and coping with states typically diagnosed as “hallucination.” In this jointly authored first-person account, we distill what we have learned from 10 years of facilitating and training others to facilitate these groups and what enables them to work most effectively in the long term. Having witnessed the transformative power of these groups for people long considered unreachable as well as for those who receive some benefit from standard psychiatric treatment, we describe effects that cannot easily be quantified or studied within traditional research paradigms. We explain the structure and function of hearing voices peer support groups and the importance of training facilitators to acquire the skills necessary to ensure that groups operate safely, democratically, and in keeping with the theories and principles of the Hearing Voices Network. The greater use of first-person experience as evidence in deciding what works or does not work for people in extreme distress is advocated; randomized designs or statistically significant findings cannot constitute the only bases for clinical evaluations (Elisabeth Svanholmer, in Romme et al. 2009, p. 151). Journal: Psychosis Pages: 286-295 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.843020 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.843020 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:286-295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Angela Woods Author-X-Name-First: Angela Author-X-Name-Last: Woods Author-Name: Marius Romme Author-X-Name-First: Marius Author-X-Name-Last: Romme Author-Name: Simon McCarthy-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy-Jones Author-Name: Sandra Escher Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Escher Author-Name: Jacqui Dillon Author-X-Name-First: Jacqui Author-X-Name-Last: Dillon Title: Special edition: Voices in a Positive Light Journal: Psychosis Pages: 213-215 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.843021 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.843021 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:213-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Summer Rae Schrader Author-X-Name-First: Summer Rae Author-X-Name-Last: Schrader Title: Illuminating the heterogeneity of voices in a multiple perspectives research paradigm Abstract: Drawing from data collected during a series of expert interviews, this paper is written as a theoretical reflection on recent trends in research on voices (i.e. auditory verbal hallucinations). Researchers seem to perceive two concurrent paradigm shifts taking place in their field: voices are increasingly (1) decoupled from assumptions of schizophrenia and studied across numerous diagnostic categories, and (2) decoupled from assumptions of pathology and conceptualized in terms of neurodiversity. Despite these differences, informants seemed to share the impression that the study of voice-hearing increasingly fosters, and even necessitates, collaboration between people from diverse disciplinary and experiential backgrounds. Since the depathologization of voices has helped facilitate these collaborations, these two trends (depathologization and collaboration) reinforce each other and are arguably part of a single broader shift that transgresses traditional disciplinary divides. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 216-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.845593 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.845593 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:216-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Waddingham Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Waddingham Author-Name: Sandra Escher Author-X-Name-First: Sandra Author-X-Name-Last: Escher Author-Name: Guy Dodgson Author-X-Name-First: Guy Author-X-Name-Last: Dodgson Title: Inner speech and narrative development in children and young people who hear voices; three perspectives on a developmental phenomenon Abstract: This article explores ways in which young people can be supported in their development and personal, focusing on the significance of their narrative, the dilemmas they face and the potential value of understanding underlying mechanisms. The following perspectives originate within a research project where young people developed inner speech to deal with life’s problems, clinical work in an Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) team which focused on providing an alternative account of the experience using inner speech to reduce distress and a peer-support project where acceptance and normalisation provided a basis for narrative development and increased self-awareness. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 226-235 Issue: 3 Volume: 5 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2013.845594 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2013.845594 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:226-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon Watkins Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Watkins Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Chris Sanderson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Sanderson Title: The experience of talking about hearing voices with family, friends, and others Abstract: Objective: There is evidence to suggest that close social networks and wider social influences have a significant impact on people who hear voices. The aim of this research was to explore people’s experiences of talking about voice hearing with family, friends, and others. Method: Transcribed interviews with five participants, recruited through mental health services, were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: Two superordinate themes, each with multiple subordinate themes, were developed from the interviews: “Who can I talk to about this?”, which explores the way people communicate carefully about their voices to manage their experiences of shame, and “I was shocked by how they responded”, which considers others’ reactions to participants disclosures and the impact this had on the participants. Conclusions: The research findings are compared to the existing literature, limitations of the research are considered, and clinical considerations for supporting people who hear voices are explored. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-10 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1690561 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1690561 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:1-10 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kath Sellick Author-X-Name-First: Kath Author-X-Name-Last: Sellick Author-Name: David Rose Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Rose Author-Name: Louise Harms Author-X-Name-First: Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Harms Title: Hearing voices, sexual abuse and service system responses Abstract: Research indicates that routine effective screening for sexual abuse by mental health professionals is infrequent, and when experiences of sexual abuse are disclosed to mental health professionals it is unclear whether these disclosures are meaningfully incorporated into professional formulations and treatment plans. Screening rates and inclusion of trauma details on formulations and treatment plans appear to be less common amongst consumers with psychotic diagnoses. The aim of this study was to further investigate the work practices of mental health professionals who engage with consumers who hear voices and have experienced sexual abuse. The results indicate over half of respondents were not routinely screening voice hearers for sexual abuse or assault. The findings also point to a number of mediating factors that influence whether or not mental health professionals screen for abuse. When respondents were aware of sexual abuse histories most included this information in their professional formulations and treatment plans but struggled to implement effective trauma related treatment plans due to a lack of trauma-specific services. These findings indicate a need for organisational and systemic leadership to address barriers to effective responses to sexual abuse survivors. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 11-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1666910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1666910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:11-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip T. Yanos Author-X-Name-First: Philip T. Author-X-Name-Last: Yanos Author-Name: Lauren K. O’Connor Author-X-Name-First: Lauren K. Author-X-Name-Last: O’Connor Author-Name: Joseph S. DeLuca Author-X-Name-First: Joseph S. Author-X-Name-Last: DeLuca Author-Name: Samantha Fregenti Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Fregenti Author-Name: Priya M. Reji Author-X-Name-First: Priya M. Author-X-Name-Last: Reji Title: Assisted outpatient treatment orders and the therapeutic relationship in Assertive Community Treatment: a mixed-methods study Abstract: Background: A large proportion of clients served by Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) teams in New York City (NYC) are referred through “Assisted Outpatient Treatment” (AOT), which involves civil commitment to outpatient services. Research indicates that clients perceive AOT to be coercive, but it is unclear how this impacts the therapeutic relationships with ACT teams. We used mixed-methods to examine and compare perceptions of the therapeutic relationship and associated factors between ACT clients who were, and were not, referred through AOT.Method: Thirty persons receiving ACT services in NYC (15 AOT, 15 non-AOT) completed qualitative interviews about perceptions of treatment and referral, as well as measures of therapeutic alliance, procedural fairness, experienced coercion, shared decision-making, and self-stigma.Results: Quantitative findings revealed no differences in measures between AOT and non-AOT participants, with the exception being perception of “negative pressures” in the referral process, which was higher in the AOT group. However, qualitative findings were more mixed, with a notable subgroup of AOT-participants endorsing themes of paternalism and coercion in the referral and treatment decision-making process.Discussion: Findings indicate that the impact of AOT-referral on perceptions of ACT services is complex, and that AOT referrals impact treatment relationships in a subset of clients. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 23-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1670232 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1670232 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:23-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: María De Gracia León-Palacios Author-X-Name-First: María De Gracia Author-X-Name-Last: León-Palacios Author-Name: Miguel Garrido-Fernández Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido-Fernández Author-Name: Cristina Senín-Calderón Author-X-Name-First: Cristina Author-X-Name-Last: Senín-Calderón Author-Name: Salvador Perona-Garcelán Author-X-Name-First: Salvador Author-X-Name-Last: Perona-Garcelán Author-Name: Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Testal Author-X-Name-First: Juan Francisco Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Testal Title: Aberrant salience and fatigue as mediators between early life experiences and ideas of reference Abstract: Introduction: This article reports on a mediational study performed from a proposal relating positive and negative indicators in clinical and nonclinical populations on a psychopathological severity continuum. We analyzed a mediation model of the development of vulnerability to psychosis, recalled threatening experiences, and submission to or devaluation by caregivers, in which aberrant salience and fatigue are the mediating variables on ideas of reference.Method: The sample consisted of 437 participants (295 healthy controls and 142 patients), and the study design was ex-post-facto, transversal, and multivariate.Results: Early threat, submission and devaluation experiences were found to be significantly related to ideas of reference and to the aberrant salience and fatigue variables. Aberrant salience and fatigue partially mediated the relationship between recalled adverse experiences with caregivers and the presence of ideas of reference.Conclusions: This study shows the importance of aberrant salience and fatigue in the development of Psychotic-like Experiences such as ideas of reference. The continuum model suggests that these processes may be analyzed in clinical and nonclinical populations. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 34-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1650816 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1650816 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:34-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cherise Rosen Author-X-Name-First: Cherise Author-X-Name-Last: Rosen Author-Name: Kayla A. Chase Author-X-Name-First: Kayla A. Author-X-Name-Last: Chase Author-Name: Salvador Perona-Garcelán Author-X-Name-First: Salvador Author-X-Name-Last: Perona-Garcelán Author-Name: Robert W. Marvin Author-X-Name-First: Robert W. Author-X-Name-Last: Marvin Author-Name: Rajiv P. Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Rajiv P. Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: The psychometric properties of the DAIMON Scale, a translation from Spanish to English: an instrument to measure the relationship with and between voices Abstract: With recent emphasis placed on altering the relationship between the hearer and their voice(s) to decrease levels of distress, there is an increased need for psychological measures to evaluate clinical intervention outcomes. Currently, there are few such measures available. The DAIMON scale is designed to evaluate the dialogical aspects of the relationship of person to voice, voice to person, the emotional salience of this relationship and the dialogic relationship between voice(s). The purpose of the current study was to translate and adapt the DAIMON from Spanish to English and measure its psychometric properties for future use in a clinical population. Forty-four persons currently experiencing voices participated. The DAIMON ~ English version (DAIMON-EV) demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity indices. The psychometric properties of the DAIMON-EV were found to be reliable, with the overall internal consistency of the measure and all subscale ordinal α scores ranging from 0.89 to 0.94. Concurrent validity of the DAIMON-EV was examined by the relation to the internal constructs of the PSYRATS-AVHs, VAY and the BAVQ-R. The integrity of the measure was maintained, and all items of the DAIMON-EV were shown to be a reliable measure of the assigned construct. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 45-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1652843 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1652843 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:45-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emma Izon Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Izon Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Heather Law Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Law Author-Name: Karmen Au-Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Karmen Author-X-Name-Last: Au-Yeung Author-Name: Paul French Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: French Title: “I don’t know how to fix it and sometimes it’s so overwhelming” Identifying the barriers and facilitators for family caregivers supporting someone at high-risk of psychosis: A qualitative study Abstract: Providing care can be demanding and is associated with increased financial, emotional and psychological distress. Relatives of individuals with At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) of psychosis provide significant emotional, practical and economic support but are often a neglected group. The current study aimed to investigate the barriers and facilitators for those supporting ARMS individuals. Semi-structured interviews with fourteen family members from the Individual and Family Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (IFCBT) trial were conducted. Key barriers included relatives’ unmet needs and limited confidence accessing and providing support. Facilitating factors included open communication with the individual, flexible, understanding employers and feeling that they themselves were supported. Those who identify multiple barriers may have increased levels of worry and distress that negatively impact their own health and wellbeing. Services in contact with ARMS individuals should provide families support to sustain an adequate level of care, including psychoeducation around the individual’s experiences and behaviours, discussions around talking to employers and help exploring more adaptive coping strategies including accessing support from social networks. Clinical teams and/or family peer-support workers that look to support relatives early in their caregiving journey could help improve outcomes in relative’s quality of life and consequently benefit the ARMS individual. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 57-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1688858 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1688858 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:57-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Ben-David Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Ben-David Author-Name: D. Kealy Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Kealy Title: Identity in the context of early psychosis: a review of recent research Abstract: Purpose: The emergence of psychosis most frequently occurs during adolescence and young adulthood, a period of development in which identity is developed and consolidated. The present narrative review surveyed and synthesized recent empirical contributions to the issue of identity in the context of early psychosis, to inform clinical and future research considerations.Materials and Methods: A systematic search obtained 983 reports pertaining to identity and psychosis among youth and young adults. After screening the abstracts, 81 studies were reviewed in full, yielding 17 that met inclusion criteria. Studies were reviewed with regard to major themes by authors.Results: Three major themes emerged, the majority of which employed qualitative methods. The first theme indicated a disruption to personal identity posed by psychosis symptoms and the diagnosis of mental illness. The second theme suggested that identity difficulties may confer additional emotional and behavioural risk among this population. Third, young people with psychosis indicated the importance of restoring their personal identity, as distinct from their experiences of psychosis, during the recovery process.Conclusions: Identity-related concerns are important aspects of young people’s experience in the early stages of psychosis. Research is needed to determine the potential for interventions to support and enhance identity within early psychosis care. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 68-78 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1656283 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1656283 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:68-78 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nardus Saayman Author-X-Name-First: Nardus Author-X-Name-Last: Saayman Title: Psychotherapists’ experiences of withdrawn psychotic patients Abstract: Psychotic patients frequently struggle to relate to the external world and to others, including their psychotherapist. This does not imply that there is no attempt at relating, but rather that the attempt does not seem to acknowledge the full existence of the psychotherapist as other. If the patient’s attempt at relating is missed, they are at risk of being abandoned to the dread of their separation and loneliness. Psychotherapists see the process of establishing some form of relationship with their patient as a key component of a viable therapeutic endeavour. The point at which the withdrawn psychotic patient and the psychotherapist meet potentially marks the beginnings of relatedness disturbed by conflicting needs and wishes, the experience of which can potentially deter psychotherapists from further engagement. In this paper, psychodynamic psychotherapists’ accounts of engaging therapeutically with withdrawn psychotic patients are used to highlight therapists’ experiences and reactions to the specific phenomenon of withdrawal encountered in some psychotic patients. This dynamic is explored via the interaction between the therapist’s multidetermined need for relatedness and the patient’s psychotic withdrawal, and is discussed via three themes; The therapist’s need for relatedness, The therapist’s ego strength, and Reviving relatedness. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 79-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1673804 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1673804 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:79-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. E. Cooper Author-X-Name-First: R. E. Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper Author-Name: L. M. Grünwald Author-X-Name-First: L. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Grünwald Author-Name: M. Horowitz Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Horowitz Title: The case for including antipsychotics in the UK NICE guideline: “Medicines associated with dependence or withdrawal symptoms: safe prescribing and withdrawal management for adults” Abstract: The UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is in the process of writing guidelines for “Medicines Associated with Dependence or Withdrawal Symptoms: Safe Prescribing and Withdrawal Management for Adults”. NICE has excluded antipsychotics, despite inclusion having been requested by all four groups participating in the guideline scoping workshop, as well as the Royal College of Psychiatrists, the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Prescribed Drug Dependence, the International Institute for Psychiatric Drug Withdrawal (IIPDW), Bangor University, Grünenthal Ltd, Pfizer and Mind (the UK’s largest mental health non-profit organisation). The IIPDW subsequently submitted the following request, drafted on their behalf by three researchers with expertise in this field, that NICE review its decision to exclude antipsychotics. The request draws on the recently updated German National Guideline for Schizophrenia. Two additional studies published since the submission, adding weight to the case, are also summarised. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 89-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1722734 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1722734 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:89-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Cornelia Beyer Author-X-Name-First: Anna Cornelia Author-X-Name-Last: Beyer Title: Schizophrenia from the inside perspective Abstract: I am myself a patient with schizophrenia since 2002, and a scientist in international relations. I work at the University of Hull and am in the process of publishing my 8th book. I am fairly successful, I would say, even though success of course is never enough, I suffer from that syndrome too. I have in my free-time researched schizophrenia and experimented with alternative treatment approaches, including vitamin therapy and spirituality, for example, and written a book about it. It is called Health and Safety for Spirit Seers, Telepaths and Visionaries – Selfhelp for Schizophrenia. What I would like to do in this paper is write about what causes schizophrenia, what it feels like to have schizophrenia, I will talk about alternative, more holistic treatments, and mention the role of stimulants as something that should be looked out for. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 94-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1626473 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1626473 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:94-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jane Faulkner Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Faulkner Title: Madness and the demand for recognition Journal: Psychosis Pages: 98-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1618382 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1618382 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:98-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sami Timimi Author-X-Name-First: Sami Author-X-Name-Last: Timimi Title: Death of a whistleblower and Cochrane’s moral collapse Journal: Psychosis Pages: 99-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1685584 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1685584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:99-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rai Waddingham Author-X-Name-First: Rai Author-X-Name-Last: Waddingham Title: COVID-19: how can we support each other (and ourselves)? Abstract: The Chair of The National Hearing Voices Network (http://www.hearing-voices.org/HVN) prepared this document, on behalf of the HVN Board, to provide some sources of information and support for its members, and others, during the Covid-19 pandemic. At the request of the journal Editor (also a member of the HVN Board), the document is published here, verbatim, for Psychosis readers around the world. Although targeted at people in the UK who hear voices or see visions, much of the information is potentially also relevant for other people, including mental health professionals. Like HVN, neither the journal nor ISPS endorse or recommend specific mental health services or practitioners. We recognise that different things are helpful for different people. The document is published merely to increase the range of options for people to choose from if they feel the need for additional support or information. All at HVN, Psychosis and ISPS wish readers a safe passage though the current stormy waters, which, despite all the fears and losses, are providing us all with opportunities to take care of one another like many of us have never experienced before. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 101-105 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1759678 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1759678 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:101-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Craig Steel Author-X-Name-First: Craig Author-X-Name-Last: Steel Author-Name: Joachim Schnackenberg Author-X-Name-First: Joachim Author-X-Name-Last: Schnackenberg Author-Name: Zoe Travers Author-X-Name-First: Zoe Author-X-Name-Last: Travers Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Emily Greenfield Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Greenfield Author-Name: Lynette Meredith Author-X-Name-First: Lynette Author-X-Name-Last: Meredith Author-Name: Hayley Perry Author-X-Name-First: Hayley Author-X-Name-Last: Perry Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Title: Voice hearers’ experiences of the Making Sense of Voices approach in an NHS setting Abstract: The ‘Making Sense of Voices’ (MsV), or ‘Maastricht’ approach has become established within large sections of the voice hearing community, as well as being adopted by some professional mental health workers. However, there has been limited research to assess this intervention. A recent case series using the MsV approach reported promising results across a number of standardised outcome measures. The current study reports on the voice hearers’ experience of having received the MsV intervention, through the use of “exit interviews” conducted as part of the case series. Individual participants’ experiences indicated a range of reactions to the intervention. Positive outcomes appeared to relate to a better understanding of voice hearing experiences and a greater sense of control over voices. Not all participants reported a positive experience of communicating with their voices. Outcomes are discussed within the context of potential common and distinct “ingredients” of the MsV approach, compared to other approaches to working with distressing voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 106-114 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1707859 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1707859 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:106-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nidhi Sinha Author-X-Name-First: Nidhi Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha Author-Name: Shubha Ranganathan Author-X-Name-First: Shubha Author-X-Name-Last: Ranganathan Title: Living with voices: a thematic analysis of individuals’ experiences of voice-hearing in India Abstract: People hearing voices are often considered as those who need psychiatric and psychological treatment. There has been a lack of emphasis on understanding the meaning behind the voices and the personal history of the voice-hearers. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the lived experiences of individuals who hear voices. The study used the Maastricht Interview Schedule in order to elicit a complete picture of voice-hearing experiences. The findings from thematic analyses revealed that emphasis on understanding voices was highly dominated by the biomedical approach, with most people questioning their normalcy after seeking psychiatric care. The study also found various strategies voice-hearers used to deal with their voices and subsequently control them. Various theoretical, social, and clinical implications have also been discussed that draw from the frameworks of critical psychology and experts-by-experiences approach. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 115-127 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1720271 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1720271 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:115-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicola McGuire Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: McGuire Author-Name: Craig Melville Author-X-Name-First: Craig Author-X-Name-Last: Melville Author-Name: Dimitar Karadzhov Author-X-Name-First: Dimitar Author-X-Name-Last: Karadzhov Author-Name: Andrew Gumley Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Gumley Title: “She is more about my illness than me”: a qualitative study exploring social support in individuals with experiences of psychosis Abstract: Experiences of psychosis may increase isolation and stigma, increasing negative perceptions of oneself. Social networks can be a source of support and strain in dealing with these difficulties. This research explored how individuals with experiences of psychosis make sense of their social relationships.Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis guided the design and conduct of semi-structured interviews with seven Scottish mental health service-users with lived experience of psychosis, exploring positive and negative aspects of relationships and how they influenced personal recovery. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded for subordinate and superordinate themes.The superordinate theme “She is more about my illness than me” highlighted normalisation of participants’ illness identity through family and support staff dominating social networks; their primary orientation being towards illness management. Subordinate themes; “without the service I wouldn’t know what to do”, “They wouldn’t talk, they will sort of control me in a way” and “She doesn’t see me as normal either with me getting help” evidenced benefits and tensions associated with these relationships.The composition and nature of social networks can prevent individuals with experiences of psychosis from exploring identities unrelated to illness. Further research must identify ways to empower individuals and promote connectedness independently from illness management. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 128-138 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1699943 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1699943 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:128-138 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bina Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Bina Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Nicola Green Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Green Author-Name: Saskia Keville Author-X-Name-First: Saskia Author-X-Name-Last: Keville Title: Fathers’ experiences of caring for an adult child with psychosis: a qualitative study Abstract: Previous research exploring parental experiences of caring has highlighted both the rewarding nature and associated difficulties with this role. Within these studies the majority of parents have been mothers, resulting in minimal understanding about fathers’ experiences. The aim of the current study was to explore how fathers described and made sense of their caring experiences. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with seven participants, including six biological fathers and one step-father. Interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five themes emerged: “Father versus carer”; “Change in quality of the relationship with child”; ‘To share or not to share; “Acceptance is a struggle”; and “Mental health services: inconsistency versus luck”. Previous research has indicated a minimal role of fathers. In contrast the current study found fathers were deeply committed to their caring role, viewing this as central to being a parent, caring unconditionally for their adult child with additional needs. Fathers can play a crucial and unconditional role in the care of their adult children. With long-term complex conditions, such as psychoses, it is important for services to recognise the contribution of fathers, to enable greater involvement whilst also offering support for them to help sustain their important caring role. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 139-150 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1704044 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1704044 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:139-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachel Gunn Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Gunn Author-Name: Michael Larkin Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Larkin Title: Delusion formation as an inevitable consequence of a radical alteration in lived experience Abstract: The definition of delusion is usually couched in terms of false beliefs held with conviction despite evidence to the contrary. Such beliefs are usually seen as impossible or implausible by others. In order to be classed as clinically significant, a delusion would lead a person to be distressed or to have significant problems with functioning. We note that a person ordinarily understands and negotiates the world based on familiar patterns derived from her cultural and historical experience. Thus, when her lived experience is altered, these assumptions about how the world works may be called in to question. Drawing on interviews conducted with people experiencing clinically significant delusions, we show how this alteration in lived experience manifests as emotional, affective and/or perceptual anomalies. We adopt the framework of the Enactive Approach which posits that a person interacts with her environment in terms of sense-making and we argue that radical alterations in lived experience can demand a renegotiating of how a person makes sense of this new world. We suggest that if the alteration in lived experience is sufficiently radical, then delusion formation is inevitable. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 151-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1690562 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1690562 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:151-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bojun Hu Author-X-Name-First: Bojun Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Author-Name: Frederick J. Wertz Author-X-Name-First: Frederick J. Author-X-Name-Last: Wertz Title: Into and out of exile: an integrative phenomenological understanding of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome Abstract: Understanding the experience of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome (APS), apart from its risk for developing into psychosis, is important to evaluating and improving professional care for this population. Ten female participants who met the diagnostic criteria for APS were interviewed, and the interview descriptions were analyzed phenomenologically. Findings show that APS is experienced not as symptomatic parts, but as a constitutive whole, built on the foundation of distal childhood experiences and recent challenges in a person’s individuation process. APS experiences carry the meanings of loss of control, self-alienation, self-reflexive sense of defect, isolation from the social world, and the fearful anticipation of future demise. The meaning of APS is akin to that of being in exile. Four pathways were identified in which the person aims to restore a world in which she can regain control, reclaim a sense of goodness, reestablish social connections lost to isolation, and secure a more viable future. Clinical and policy implications of the findings are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 162-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1693613 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1693613 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:162-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hassan Mirza Author-X-Name-First: Hassan Author-X-Name-Last: Mirza Author-Name: Salim Al-Huseini Author-X-Name-First: Salim Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Huseini Author-Name: Siham Al-Shamli Author-X-Name-First: Siham Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Shamli Author-Name: Maissa Al-Dhahri Author-X-Name-First: Maissa Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Dhahri Author-Name: Zainab Al-Rashdi Author-X-Name-First: Zainab Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Rashdi Author-Name: Amira Al-Hosni Author-X-Name-First: Amira Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Hosni Author-Name: Haya Al-Hasani Author-X-Name-First: Haya Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Hasani Author-Name: Sanjay Jaju Author-X-Name-First: Sanjay Author-X-Name-Last: Jaju Author-Name: Nasser Al-Sibani Author-X-Name-First: Nasser Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Sibani Author-Name: Samir Al-Adawi Author-X-Name-First: Samir Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Adawi Title: The relationship of sociodemographic and clinical profiles to the duration of untreated psychosis among adolescents with first-episode psychosis in an Oman tertiary hospital Abstract: Background: The duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) among adolescents with first-episode psychosis has received scant attention in non-western societies.Aim: This study aims to explore both sociodemographic and clinical profiles and examine their relationship to the DUP among adolescents with first-episode psychosis admitted to a tertiary care hospital in OmanMethod: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Oman from January 2010 to December 2018. The subjects of the study included 121 drug-naive adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years old with first-episode psychosis. Sociodemographic data and risk factors were also solicited.Result: A total of 121 adolescents fulfilled the study criteria. The mean DUP was 4 months (SD 4.5). Place of residence, family history of psychosis, presence of both positive and negative symptoms, use of traditional healing systems, length of stay, and leaving against medical advice were the significant factors associated with the duration of untreated psychosis.Discussion: Some of the factors presently found to contribute to the DUP could lay the groundwork for the reduction in the duration of untreated psychosis and redesigning services for such population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 172-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1720272 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1720272 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:172-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Bennetts Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Bennetts Author-Name: Lusia Stopa Author-X-Name-First: Lusia Author-X-Name-Last: Stopa Author-Name: Katherine Newman-Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Newman-Taylor Title: Does mental imagery affect paranoia, anxiety and core beliefs? A pilot experimental study in an analogue sample Abstract: Background: Mental imagery is implicated in the maintenance and treatment of persecutory delusions, yet there is little experimental evidence for the effects of imagery on paranoia, anxiety and core beliefs – key therapeutic targets in CBT for psychosis.Aims: This pilot study examined the impact of a repeated imagery task in people with high levels of non-clinical paranoia, to determine whether a fully powered study is warranted.Method: Twenty-four people participated in a 3 × 3 mixed model design comparing paranoia, anxiety and core beliefs between imagery conditions (positive/negative/neutral) and across time-points (pre/post/follow-up).Results: The imagery task yielded large effects on paranoia, anxiety and core self-beliefs.Conclusions: Rehearsing interpersonal imagery in which the person experiences themselves as safe, secure, and able to trust others, may have large, sustained effects. A fully powered clinical study is warranted. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 182-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1697731 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1697731 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:182-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ji Xia Author-X-Name-First: Ji Author-X-Name-Last: Xia Title: Neither solitary nor social: surviving Chinese psychiatry Abstract: This is a first-person account of my study visit to a Chinese mental hospital. What I write is based on an interview with the Chinese medical director as well as on what I witnessed in one of the inpatient wards. My observations are Informed by my own experience with psychotic illness and hospitalizations in America. I characterize the Chinese inpatients as neither solitary nor social. There is a mass of patients sitting stagnant in close physical proximity all day long, but there isn’t any social interaction amongst the patients or any psychosocial group activity in place. The prevalence of second-generation antipsychotics paralleling Western countries lies in startling juxtaposition with the absence of any other form of rehabilitation or socialization. I argue it is ultimately misleading to understand the lack of therapy in terms of overcrowding. Instead staff neglect and the lack of care other than mere custodial containment stems from the professional perception of chronically psychotic individuals as uninvolved with this world. This “carefree schizophrenic” paradigm from a third-person only perspective eclipses the human, personal and interpersonal dimensions. First-person inputs from the patients themselves are critically needed for better re-conceptualizing and re-envisioning care for the psychotically ill. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 188-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1638437 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1638437 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:188-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca B. Jaynes Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca B. Author-X-Name-Last: Jaynes Title: Our mutual metamorphosis: an ISPS love affair in 4 chapters Abstract: A mental health counsellor reflects on the transformative impact of attending ISPS (www.isps;org) conferences, both personally and professionally, which leads her to reaffirm the power of family support and inclusion. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 195-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1716837 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1716837 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:195-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingo Lambrecht Author-X-Name-First: Ingo Author-X-Name-Last: Lambrecht Title: Psychotherapy for psychosis: integrating cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic treatment Journal: Psychosis Pages: 198-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1697732 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1697732 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:198-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Linda Burgess Author-X-Name-First: Linda Author-X-Name-Last: Burgess Title: Art therapy for psychosis – theory and practice Journal: Psychosis Pages: 199-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1693614 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1693614 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:199-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eugenie Georgaca Author-X-Name-First: Eugenie Author-X-Name-Last: Georgaca Author-Name: Anastasia Zissi Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia Author-X-Name-Last: Zissi Title: Living with psychosis: strategies and social conditions for recovery Abstract: The paper examines the often neglected, social factors implicated in recovery from severe mental distress, by presenting findings from a biographical study of individuals experiencing psychosis. Biographical interviews with 26 individuals with psychotic experiences and diagnosis of psychotic disorders were conducted and subjected to narrative biographical analysis. This paper focuses on a group of narrators who are engaged in a struggle to live a satisfactory life despite ongoing mental distress, and thus can be seen as being in recovery. In terms of therapeutic itineraries, the distinctive characteristics of this group are the early recognition and community management of psychotic experiences. Participants in this group also consistently employ various strategies for managing their psychotic experiences as well as for looking after their mental health. The two most central social parameters for recovery identified in this study are firstly, increased social participation through interpersonal and social networks, and secondly, access to empowering discourses and practices regarding mental distress, which are in turn related to developments in the mental health service system over the last two decades. We conclude that crucial parameters in building a life with psychosis involve the broader sociocultural context, the mental health service system, and familial and social networks. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 81-89 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1447595 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1447595 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:81-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marialuisa Cavelti Author-X-Name-First: Marialuisa Author-X-Name-Last: Cavelti Author-Name: Raphaela M. Tschümperlin Author-X-Name-First: Raphaela M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tschümperlin Author-Name: Daniela Hubl Author-X-Name-First: Daniela Author-X-Name-Last: Hubl Author-Name: Zeno Kupper Author-X-Name-First: Zeno Author-X-Name-Last: Kupper Author-Name: Franz Caspar Author-X-Name-First: Franz Author-X-Name-Last: Caspar Author-Name: Stefan Westermann Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Westermann Title: Therapeutic relationship and concordance of client- and clinician-rated motivational goals in treatment of people with psychosis: an exploratory study Abstract: Addressing motives determining behavior and experiences of people in treatment for psychosis could improve the therapeutic relationship. This pilot study explored the association between the concordance of clients’ and clinicians’ ratings of clients’ motivational goals and the therapeutic relationship in the treatment of psychosis. Twenty in- and outpatients diagnosed with a psychotic disorder in a general psychiatric setting answered measures addressing motivational goals and the therapeutic relationship. Fifteen clinicians rated their clients’ motivational goals and psychopathology. The concordance between clients’ and clinicians’ ratings of approach goals was not associated with clients’ ratings of the therapeutic relationship. However, a higher concordance in avoidance goals ratings was significantly correlated with less satisfaction with the therapeutic relationship. This finding might be understood in light of explicit (i.e. conscious) and implicit (i.e. non-conscious) avoidance goals: The more difficulties clinicians had in recognizing their clients’ implicit goals, the more they may have only rated and considered the clients’ explicit goals. This could have resulted in both a higher concordance rating between clients and clinicians, and less client satisfaction with the therapeutic relationship (because of unintended threats for implicit avoidance goals). Future studies with larger samples are needed that separately examine explicit and implicit motivational goals of people in treatment for psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-98 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1449885 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1449885 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:90-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Victoria Bonnett Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnett Author-Name: Clio Berry Author-X-Name-First: Clio Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Sara Meddings Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Meddings Author-Name: Sue Holttum Author-X-Name-First: Sue Author-X-Name-Last: Holttum Title: An exploration of young people’s narratives of hope following experience of psychosis Abstract: AimsTo expand understandings of how young people with psychosis experience hope. This included to which factors young people attributed changes in their hopefulness and the role played by professionals and others with lived experience.MethodTen young people recovering from an experience of psychosis were interviewed using narrative methodology.ResultsThe experience of hope as an overarching strand throughout the narratives had three common elements: sense of belonging, which included social inclusion, the importance of information and the significance of planning and occupation. Professionals played an important role in facilitating small steps forwards.ConclusionsThe findings suggest the importance to young people of a sense of belonging and achieving small goals to facilitate hopeful thinking and, for clinicians, the value of supporting new peer relationships and meaningful occupation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 99-109 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1460393 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1460393 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:99-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Annbjørg Haram Author-X-Name-First: Annbjørg Author-X-Name-Last: Haram Author-Name: Egil Jonsbu Author-X-Name-First: Egil Author-X-Name-Last: Jonsbu Author-Name: Roar Fosse Author-X-Name-First: Roar Author-X-Name-Last: Fosse Author-Name: Finn Skårderud Author-X-Name-First: Finn Author-X-Name-Last: Skårderud Author-Name: Torstein Hole Author-X-Name-First: Torstein Author-X-Name-Last: Hole Title: Psychotherapy in schizophrenia: a retrospective controlled study Abstract: IntroductionAlthough pharmacological interventions have been the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of psychotherapy.AimsTo investigate whether a novel psychotherapeutic approach, dialog therapy (DT), has an effect beyond standard psychiatric treatment (ST) in schizophrenia.MethodsTwenty-four patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and treated with DT and 24 patients matched on age, sex, and diagnosis receiving ST were included in the study.ResultsAt follow-up after a mean of 4 years and 1 month, the DT group had significantly higher scores on the GAF functions (GAF-F) and GAF symptoms (GAF-S) subscales compared to the ST group. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were very large, 238 for GAF-S and 241 for GAF-F. The number and doses of psychoactive drugs were significantly lower in the DT group compared to the ST group at follow-up, despite a shorter time in psychotherapy in the DT group.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that dialog therapy may lead to improvements in symptoms and functioning compared to standard psychiatric treatment. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 110-121 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1460392 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1460392 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:110-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nev Jones Author-X-Name-First: Nev Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Cherise Rosen Author-X-Name-First: Cherise Author-X-Name-Last: Rosen Author-Name: Sarah Kamens Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Kamens Author-Name: Mona Shattell Author-X-Name-First: Mona Author-X-Name-Last: Shattell Title: “It was definitely a sexual kind of sensation”: sex, sexual identity, and gender in the phenomenology of psychosis Abstract: PurposeOver the past twenty years, few empirical studies have focused on manifestations of sex, sexual identity, and gender within the phenomenology of psychosis. The goal of the present analysis was to explore themes related to gender and sexuality among individuals diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative analysis of 25 in-depth phenomenological interviews and a secondary analysis of two focus groups with an additional 24 participants (total N = 49), all of whom reported past or current treatment for a psychotic disorder.ResultsNearly three-quarters of interview participants and one quarter of focus group participants reported some kind of sex or gender-related content. Participants’ experiences were grouped under the following four themes: “shame and persecution,” “sexual or sexualized violence,” “power, agency, sexuality & gender,” and “positive experiences of the erotic.” Some participants described sexual experiences or content as a primary facet of their experiences, while for others it occupied a more secondary place. Many participants reported some degree of shame associated with sexual aspects of their experience.ConclusionsWe emphasize the clinical importance of validating and engaging with sex/sexual themes, and call for future research focused on implications vis-a-vis engagement, treatment, and social recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 122-131 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1469036 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1469036 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:122-131 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Author-Name: Leanne Bogen-Johnston Author-X-Name-First: Leanne Author-X-Name-Last: Bogen-Johnston Author-Name: Felicity Deamer Author-X-Name-First: Felicity Author-X-Name-Last: Deamer Title: Relating Therapy for distressing voices: Who, or what, is changing? Abstract: BackgroundThe experience of hearing distressing voices has recently been conceptualised within relational terms, whereby the voice is perceived as a person-like stimulus with whom the hearer has a difficult relationship. Therapeutic approaches are being developed that seek to modify the relating of the hearer towards the voice, and a conversation has begun about what or who may be changing within these therapies. We sought to empirically inform this discussion by exploring the experience of patients who had received Relating Therapy. Methods: A semi-structured change interview was used to explore the experience of nine participants. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The analysis of data generated three themes – two of which related to aspects of change (in me and in voices), and one which related to a therapy process (role plays). Conclusions: The findings suggested that changes can be evident in both the hearer and the voice, as a consequence of the hearer adopting a different (more assertive) approach to communicating with the voice. Such communication can enable the hearer to perceive themselves as less vulnerable to the communicative intentions of others. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 132-141 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1469037 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1469037 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:132-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter C. Groot Author-X-Name-First: Peter C. Author-X-Name-Last: Groot Author-Name: Jim van Os Author-X-Name-First: Jim Author-X-Name-Last: van Os Title: Antidepressant tapering strips to help people come off medication more safely Abstract: Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for many mental disorders, including psychosis. Withdrawal effects, resulting from inappropriately short duration of tapering or lack of flexibility in prescribing gradual reduction, are common. An observational study was conducted of the use of “tapering strips”, which allow gradual dosage reduction and minimise the potential for withdrawal effects. A tapering strip consists of antidepressant medication, packaged in a roll of small daily pouches, each with the same or slightly lower dose than the one before it. Strips come in series covering 28 days. Of 1194 users of tapering strips, 895 (75%) wished to discontinue their antidepressant medication. In these 895, median length of antidepressant use was 2–5 years (IQR: 1–2 years– > 10 years). Nearly two-thirds (62%) had unsuccessfully attempted withdrawal before (median = 2 times before, IQR 1–3). Almost all of these (97%) had experienced some degree of withdrawal, with 49% experiencing severe withdrawal (7 on a scale of 1–7, IQR 6–7). The most common medications were paroxetine (n = 423, 47%) and venlafaxine (n = 386, 43%). Of the 895 wishing to discontinue, 636 (71%) succeeded in tapering their antidepressant medication completely, using a median of 2 tapering strips (IQR 1–3) over a median of 56 days (IQR = 28–84). Tapering strips represent a simple and effective method of achieving a gradual dosage reduction. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 142-145 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1469163 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1469163 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:142-145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Stephen Pilling Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Pilling Author-Name: Karen Machin Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Machin Author-Name: Ginny Allende-Cullen Author-X-Name-First: Ginny Author-X-Name-Last: Allende-Cullen Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Peer support for internalised stigma experienced by people with psychosis: rationale and recommendations Abstract: People with experience of psychosis face stigma and discrimination, which can be a significant barrier to recovery. Internalisation of public stereotypes and prejudice into an individual’s self-identity is an understandable consequence of such discrimination. However, internalised stigma represents a significant barrier to recovery, resulting in a number of harmful consequences such as depression, demoralisation and loss of self-esteem. Interventions to support people with experience of psychosis who internalise stigma have demonstrated some promising results, but a recent meta-analysis did not find an overall significant effect. The current evidence base includes very few trials of peer support for internalised stigma; however, data from several trials and a recent meta-analysis show that peer support produces benefits on a number of dimensions related to internalised stigma, including empowerment, recovery and hope. In this paper, we argue that peer support is a suitable intervention for addressing internalised stigma and warrants further research. We provide a theoretical and evidence-based rationale for this argument and outlines some of the key challenges and possible solutions for future trials of peer support as an intervention for internalised stigma. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 146-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1437212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1437212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:146-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Removed article Abstract: The Author, Editor and Publisher have agreed to remove this article for privacy reasons. The title and author details have also been removed to ensure privacy is maintained.Journal: PsychosisCitation information: Volume 10, Issue number 2, Pages 153–157Version of Record Published Online: 21 February 2018DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2018.1430165 Journal: Psychosis Pages: 153-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1430165 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1430165 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:153-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Author-Name: Andrew W. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Andrew W. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Problems with a recent genome-wide association study in schizophrenia Abstract: A recent study of the frequency of schizophrenia in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome illustrates the serious problems with genome-wide association studies in schizophrenia. In an editorial accompanying the paper in The American Journal of Psychiatry, it is stated that this deletion occurs in only 0.3% of cases of schizophrenia, and yet it is said to be one of the strongest genetic risk factors for schizophrenia identified to date. Perhaps it is time to consider whether further investment in genome-wide association studies in schizophrenia is worthwhile, and whether they have even a tiny likelihood of yielding clinically useful results. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 158-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1439520 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1439520 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:158-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stella Compton Dickinson Author-X-Name-First: Stella Author-X-Name-Last: Compton Dickinson Title: Insanity and divinity: studies in psychosis and spirituality Journal: Psychosis Pages: 160-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1463554 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1463554 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:160-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Morrall Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Morrall Title: Psychiatric Hegemony: a Marxist theory of mental illness Journal: Psychosis Pages: 161-162 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2020 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2018.1463553 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2018.1463553 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:161-162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingo Lambrecht Author-X-Name-First: Ingo Author-X-Name-Last: Lambrecht Title: Psychotherapy for psychosis: integrating cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic treatment Journal: Psychosis Pages: 198-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1697732 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1697732 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:198-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gail A. Hornstein Author-X-Name-First: Gail A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hornstein Author-Name: Emily Robinson Putnam Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Putnam Author-Name: Alison Branitsky Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Branitsky Title: How do hearing voices peer-support groups work? A three-phase model of transformation Abstract: Despite decades of research and the development of many psychiatric medications, widespread suffering remains among people who hear voices. Hearing voices groups (HVGs) encourage an in-depth exploration of the meaning of voices and use peer support to develop coping strategies. Although HVGs continue to spread around the world, their effectiveness remains unknown and only a few studies have examined members’ experiences. To understand the mechanisms by which these groups operate, we recruited a diverse sample of 113 participants from across the US, who completed detailed qualitative questionnaires describing their voice-hearing histories, experiences in HVGs and changes in their lives outside the group. Asubset also participated in follow-up interviews. A collaborative team of researchers and voice hearers used phenomenological, grounded theory and thematic analyses to identify a distinctive set of elements that make HVGs unique: in their style of interaction (non-judgmental, curious, reciprocal and unstructured dialogue among people regarded as equals, in a shared community); and in the content of meetings (welcoming multiple perspectives and exploring coping strategies in non-prescriptive ways, with a focus on expertise by experience). We propose a three-phase model to explain how these elements interact within HVGs to enable significant transformation to occur. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 201-211 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1749876 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1749876 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:201-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmed A. Mubarak Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed A. Author-X-Name-Last: Mubarak Author-Name: El-Sayed Gad Author-X-Name-First: El-Sayed Author-X-Name-Last: Gad Author-Name: Sameh Saada Author-X-Name-First: Sameh Author-X-Name-Last: Saada Author-Name: Maha Ftouh Author-X-Name-First: Maha Author-X-Name-Last: Ftouh Author-Name: Mohammad A. Seleem Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad A. Author-X-Name-Last: Seleem Title: Suicidal ideation in an Egyptian sample of hospitalized patients with acute psychosis Abstract: Background: Suicide mortality is 12 times higher in psychotic patients compared to the general population. Identifying the characteristics of suicidal patients among this group might help in preventing such behavior.Aims: To assess the predictors of suicidal risk in patients hospitalized due to acute psychosis.Methods: A total of 150 patients (age 18–60 years) admitted with acute psychotic features were recruited. Patients were evaluated clinically by the Arabic version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI.) Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI).Results: Forty-four out of 150 patients (29.33%) reported having current and/or previous history of suicidal ideation. Patients with major depression showed the highest suicidal tendencies followed by delusional disorder, bipolar disorder, psychosis related to substance abuse and schizophrenia. The more severe the psychotic symptoms, the more suicidal tendencies shown by patients. Predictors for suicidal ideation included diagnostic category, severity of psychotic features, unemployement and younger age.Conclusion: Patients with psychosis that require admission to hospital carry a high risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. Factors like unemployment, young age, psychiatric diagnosis and severity of psychosis could be predictors for suicidal ideation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 212-221 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1745876 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1745876 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:212-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marjolaine Masse Author-X-Name-First: Marjolaine Author-X-Name-Last: Masse Author-Name: Karine Paquin Author-X-Name-First: Karine Author-X-Name-Last: Paquin Author-Name: Paul Lysaker Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Lysaker Author-Name: Tania Lecomte Author-X-Name-First: Tania Author-X-Name-Last: Lecomte Title: Evolution of social networks in early psychosis Abstract: Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia are consistently found to have smaller social networks, as well as deficits in metacognition; the results for those with comorbid substance misuse are contradictory. The role of metacognition in the development of social relationships in individuals with early psychosis and comorbid substance misuse is poorly understood and few studies have investigated its impact longitudinally.Method: A mixed method approach was used to analyze data from 10 verbatims from semi-structured, retrospective longitudinal interviews, and metacognition ratings.Results: Distinct profiles were identified and appeared stable over time in their reactions to life transition. Profile 1 presented with overall better metacognitive abilities, and varied on the onset, conclusion and diversity of relationships. Profile 2 showed poorer abilities, and completely changed social networks at transitions. The presence of mutually supportive relationships and of personal interest contributing to friendship formation differentiated profiles.Conclusion: Two profiles emerged: distinct in their stability and quality of friendships, as well as in their metacognitive abilities and substance use friendships. Interests, and intensity of the interpersonal connection also distinguished both profiles. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 222-233 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1736611 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1736611 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:222-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tatiana Arboleya Author-X-Name-First: Tatiana Author-X-Name-Last: Arboleya Author-Name: Ana González-Menéndez Author-X-Name-First: Ana Author-X-Name-Last: González-Menéndez Author-Name: Helena Ordoñez Author-X-Name-First: Helena Author-X-Name-Last: Ordoñez Author-Name: David G. Pando Author-X-Name-First: David G. Author-X-Name-Last: Pando Author-Name: Mercedes Paino Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes Author-X-Name-Last: Paino Title: Inflexibility processes as predictors of social functioning in chronic psychosis Abstract: Within the context of a transdiagnostic perspective, the Psychological Inflexibility (PI) construct refers to rigid attempts to control undesirable private events at the expense of value-guided actions. Given the framework of PI as a construct associated with poor recovery and social functioning in people with psychosis, the main objective was to explore the role of two processes related to inflexibility (experiential avoidance (EA), and self-concealment) in predicting social functioning. One hundred and three patients with psychosis were administered the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, the Self-Concealment Scale, and the Social Functioning Scale as the main measures. The differential weight of insight and clinical impression, also associated with social functioning, was analyzed by regression analysis. The results showed that the process that best predicted social functioning in people with psychosis was EA, which explained 21.6% of the variance. EA, chronicity and global clinical impression together explained 35.2% of the variance. These results contribute to progress in understanding the role of PI in psychosis, as well as associated factors. The use of strategies facilitating acceptance, and not the elimination of psychotic experiences, may be a possible strategy for addressing the impaired daily functioning of these patients. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 234-244 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1742199 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1742199 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:234-244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Melanie Gibbs Author-X-Name-First: Melanie Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbs Author-Name: Maria Griffiths Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Griffiths Author-Name: Sarah Dilks Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Dilks Title: A grounded theory of how service users experience and make use of formulation in therapy for psychosis Abstract: Objectives: This study set out to explore service user experiences of formulation during individual therapy for psychosis, and develop a grounded theory of the processes involved.Method: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 11 service users and two clinical psychologists with experience of formulation in therapy for psychosis.Design: Grounded theory was used to examine the qualitative data collected.Results: An emerging model was constructed to conceptualise the processes that occur during the sharing of a formulation. “Linking previous experiences with current ways of being” and “Building the therapeutic relationship” emerged as core, reciprocally influential processes. “Making use of new understandings” was also identified as an important process.Conclusions: The findings suggest that formulations should be developed collaboratively and progressively with service users, and that care should be given to the emotions that arise as a result. Further research is necessary to elaborate our understanding of formulation given the importance placed on it in United Kingdom clinical psychology. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 245-256 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1742198 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1742198 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:245-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Catherine Bortolon Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Bortolon Author-Name: Cindy Lebrun Author-X-Name-First: Cindy Author-X-Name-Last: Lebrun Author-Name: Julien Laloyaux Author-X-Name-First: Julien Author-X-Name-Last: Laloyaux Title: The Bergen-Montpellier grandiose ideas questionnaire – B-MGI: a new tool for measuring grandiose delusions Abstract: Introduction: Grandiose delusions (GD) are frequent in some clinical populations and can also be found in a minority of the general population. Despite the high prevalence, no specific tools have been developed to assess GD extensively. The present study aimed to develop and validate a specific questionnaire: the Bergen-Montpellier grandiose ideas questionnaire (B-MGI).Method: To begin with, an over-inclusive item pool was generated and subjected to exploratory factor analysis to identify the items to keep and to discard. This was done using a large sample of 183 participants from the general population. A second sample of 181 healthy participants was then used to confirm the 4-factor structure of the B-MGI.Results: Significant, albeit weak, correlations were found between the B-MGI and positive psychotic symptoms, providing initial support for convergent validity. Moreover, the B-MGI was poorly related to negative psychotic symptoms, supporting the discriminant validity of the B-MGI.Conclusion: The B-MGI is the first self-report measure that targets specifically GD. The questionnaire demonstrated good preliminary psychometric properties. Future studies should explore further the psychometric properties of the B-MGI. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 257-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1745875 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1745875 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:257-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kate V. Hardy Author-X-Name-First: Kate V. Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy Author-Name: Caroline E. Dickens Author-X-Name-First: Caroline E. Author-X-Name-Last: Dickens Author-Name: Erika L. Roach Author-X-Name-First: Erika L. Author-X-Name-Last: Roach Author-Name: Vicki Harrison Author-X-Name-First: Vicki Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison Author-Name: Aakash Desai Author-X-Name-First: Aakash Author-X-Name-Last: Desai Author-Name: Laurie Flynn Author-X-Name-First: Laurie Author-X-Name-Last: Flynn Author-Name: Douglas. L. Noordsy Author-X-Name-First: Douglas. L. Author-X-Name-Last: Noordsy Author-Name: Judith Dauberman Author-X-Name-First: Judith Author-X-Name-Last: Dauberman Author-Name: Steven Adelsheim Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Adelsheim Title: Lived experience perspectives on reducing the duration of untreated psychosis: the impact of stigma on accessing treatment Abstract: Introduction: Prolonged duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has long-term deleterious effects on outcomes. Research has focused on identifying factors contributing to prolonged DUP and initiatives to reduce the time it takes individuals to access treatment. Stigma may contribute to extended DUP, but there has been little exploration of the experience of stigma and its impact on accessing care.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of stigma on decisions to seek care from the perspective of individuals with lived experience of psychosis and their caregivers.Methods: A survey, developed by a group consisting of individuals with lived experience of psychosis, and distributed online, was designed to elicit quantitative and qualitative data relating to the experience of accessing care at the onset of psychosis. Qualitative data were analysed using Thematic Analysis.Results: 193 respondents completed the survey. Qualitative analysis yielded themes including “perception of stigma” and “outcomes associated with stigma”.Conclusions: There is a need to address stigma at the outset of treatment, and wider dissemination of information about psychosis is necessary. Future research should address cultural differences in individuals’ experiences of psychosis, as well as the role siblings play in the care of affected individuals. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 269-280 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1754890 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1754890 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:269-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael E. Silverman Author-X-Name-First: Michael E. Author-X-Name-Last: Silverman Author-Name: Martin A. Goldstein Author-X-Name-First: Martin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstein Author-Name: Lauren Smith Author-X-Name-First: Lauren Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Abraham Reichenberg Author-X-Name-First: Abraham Author-X-Name-Last: Reichenberg Author-Name: Paul Lichtenstein Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Lichtenstein Author-Name: Sven Sandin Author-X-Name-First: Sven Author-X-Name-Last: Sandin Title: A history of depression with psychotic features modifies a woman’s risk for depression after childbirth Abstract: Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent disorder that can result in negative child developmental outcomes. While a maternal history of unipolar depression is understood to be the largest risk factor, how a history of unipolar depression with psychotic features modifies PPD risk remains unclear. Methods: In a prospective cohort of all women with single infant births in Sweden, 1997–2008, the study explored the relative risk (RR) of PPD for mothers with a depression history, both with and without psychotic features. Results: Of the 707,701 mothers observed, 4,397 received a PPD diagnosis (62 per 10,000). PPD incidence in women without a depression history was 48 per 10,000 compared to 1,154 per 10,000 for those with a depression history (RR = 27.0). The incidence of PPD in women with a depression history that included psychotic features was 2,360 per 10,000 (RR = 37.9). Conclusion: PPD risk is significantly elevated among women who had a history of depression with psychotic features compared to women with a history of depression without psychotic features. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 281-284 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1720274 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1720274 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:281-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gerald Jordan Author-X-Name-First: Gerald Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan Author-Name: Srividya N. Iyer Author-X-Name-First: Srividya N. Author-X-Name-Last: Iyer Author-Name: Ashok Malla Author-X-Name-First: Ashok Author-X-Name-Last: Malla Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: Posttraumatic growth and recovery following a first episode of psychosis: a narrative review of two concepts Abstract: A first episode of psychosis is often a traumatic experience that leads to significant life disruptions. However, many young people recover following a first episode of psychosis. Two types of recovery from psychosis have been described in the literature: clinical recovery (i.e. the resolution of symptoms and resumption of social, occupational or educational goals) and personal recovery (i.e. finding a way to live a meaningful life despite the limitations of having a mental illness). Further, some young people may experience posttraumatic growth (i.e. positive psychological changes following the struggle with psychosis). It is unclear how posttraumatic growth and recovery are similar or distinct. This conceptual ambiguity may limit both theoretical and empirical work in the field. The purpose of this narrative review is to help resolve this ambiguity by describing similarities and differences in the historical roots, phenomenology, and predictors of recovery (both clinical and personal) and posttraumatic growth within the context of a first episode of psychosis. Our review concludes that personal recovery may be best understood as a broader construct under which clinical recovery is subsumed, and that posttraumatic growth may be a phenomenon that is related to, yet distinct from, personal recovery. Future empirical studies are needed to disentangle these phenomena. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 285-294 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1736610 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1736610 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:285-294 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ed Boait Author-X-Name-First: Ed Author-X-Name-Last: Boait Title: Uncertainty and my healthy narrative Abstract: Learning to live well with Schizophrenia has taken a long time and a lot of therapy. Having had a large number of psychotic episodes means that the narrative I hold about my life has gone through many changes. Here is the story of the lead up to my first experience of psychosis and it changed everything I thought about myself and my life. The idea is that I have reflected on the different stories, with the aim that my current narrative works for me, that it is a healthy narrative. There is a big difference between my manic narrative and my depressive narrative, and recently I have been able to find some middle ground, mostly because I now am able to hold a lot of uncertainty. My healthy narrative has many paradigms that allow me to find meaning without needing to be certain of the facts. That was the great problem with my grandiosity, it generated a huge number of fake facts, things that had just not happened and yet I totally believed they had. Now, with greater flexibility of what has happened in my life, I am able to live happily and use my knowledge to help other people. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 295-298 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1791239 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1791239 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:295-298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sami Timimi Author-X-Name-First: Sami Author-X-Name-Last: Timimi Title: The medical model in mental health: an explanation and evaluation Journal: Psychosis Pages: 299-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1798491 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1798491 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:299-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Madness and genetic determinism. Is mental illness in our genes? Journal: Psychosis Pages: 300-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1700300 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2019.1700300 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:300-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin Tassinari Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Tassinari Title: On conquering schizophrenia: from the desk of a therapist and survivor Journal: Psychosis Pages: 301-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1742201 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1742201 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:301-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Murphy Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Frédérique Vallières Author-X-Name-First: Frédérique Author-X-Name-Last: Vallières Author-Name: Jamie Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Eoin McElroy Author-X-Name-First: Eoin Author-X-Name-Last: McElroy Author-Name: Philip Hyland Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Hyland Title: Risk factors associated with general and specific dimensions of psychosis in a nationally representative sample of adults from the United States Abstract: General and specific dimensions of psychosis have been identified in both clinical and general population samples. Demographic and clinical correlates, however, have only been explored within models derived from clinical data. Data were drawn from Wave 3 of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (N = 36,309). Confirmatory factor analysis and confirmatory bifactor modelling were used to determine the optimal measurement model of psychosis symptoms among this sample. Structural equation modelling was used to identify variables correlated with the different psychosis dimensions, as per the best fitting measurement model. Measurement modelling results indicated that the latent structure of psychosis was best represented by a bifactor model including a general dimension orthogonal to four specific dimensions representing “Positive”, “Negative”, “Mania”, and “Disorganized” symptoms. Childhood interpersonal trauma, lack of social support, lower socio-economic status and suicidal attempts were associated with higher scores on the general dimension. These results provide further support for the validity of a bifactor model of psychosis in the general population and identify unique risk correlates of specific and general factors of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 303-313 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1791238 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1791238 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:303-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Newman-Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Newman-Taylor Author-Name: Thomas Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Author-Name: Monica Sood Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Sood Author-Name: Mat Sopp Author-X-Name-First: Mat Author-X-Name-Last: Sopp Author-Name: Emma Perry Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Perry Author-Name: Helen Bolderston Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Bolderston Title: Cognitive mechanisms in cannabis-related paranoia; Initial testing and model proposal Abstract: Cannabis use can increase severity of symptoms and risk of relapse for people with psychosis. Childhood sexual abuse and high schizotypy increase the risk further. The mechanisms involved remain unclear, and this limits psychological therapies. In three linked studies, we examined the role of two candidate mechanisms – external attribution and cognitive fusion. Study 1 examined these processes in a general population sample and showed that paranoia, psychotic-type experiences, and linked distress were higher in cannabis-users, and mediated by cognitive fusion but not external attribution. Study 2 examined the impact of established risk factors in general population cannabis-users and showed that external attribution and cognitive fusion partially or fully accounted for the effects of childhood sexual abuse and schizotypy on paranoia, psychotic-type experiences and linked distress. Study 3 examined these same processes in a clinical population of people with psychosis and found that external attribution and cognitive fusion partially or fully accounted for the impact of gender, age of first use, sexual abuse and schizotypy. External attribution and cognitive fusion may be key mechanisms in the maintenance of cannabis-related paranoia and account for the impact of established risk factors. We present a cognitive model incorporating these processes to inform clinical practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 314-327 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1757742 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1757742 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:314-327 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hong Wang Fung Author-X-Name-First: Hong Wang Author-X-Name-Last: Fung Author-Name: Chitat Chan Author-X-Name-First: Chitat Author-X-Name-Last: Chan Author-Name: Colin A. Ross Author-X-Name-First: Colin A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Title: Clinical correlates of hearing voices among people seeking interventions for dissociation: a cross-cultural investigation Abstract: Auditory hallucinations are common among people seeking treatment for trauma and dissociation and can result in diagnostic challenges. This study examined the correlates of hearing voices in two samples of people seeking interventions for dissociation – a sample of 83 English speakers and a sample of 82 Chinese speakers. We found that, compared with depersonalization, hearing voices was more closely associated with trauma and other dissociative phenomena (especially identity dissociation) across two samples from different cultures. We recommend that careful assessment of trauma and dissociation should take place before a clinician assumes that auditory hallucinations are a psychotic symptom. Our findings support the idea that at least some forms of hearing voices are a cross-culturally occurring trauma-related dissociative phenomenon. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 328-338 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1773910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1773910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:328-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emma Izon Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Izon Author-Name: Karmen Au-Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Karmen Author-X-Name-Last: Au-Yeung Author-Name: Wendy Jones Author-X-Name-First: Wendy Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: The challenges of engaging individuals at high-risk of developing psychosis: reflections from research assistants within a randomised control trial Abstract: BackgroundIndividuals at risk of psychosis typically underutilise mental health services and disengage from clinical trials. Their family context, culture and beliefs about service involvement may influence their motivation and likelihood to engage.MethodReflections and quotes collected from research assistants (RAs) on the Individual and Family Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (IFCBT) trial were examined.ResultsIndividuals and family members experienced stressful life events. RAs developed strategies to further engage service users, including flexible, after-hours appointments and liaising with family members.DiscussionService users’ disengagement may be linked to prior service dissatisfaction, busy lifestyles and positive perceptions of their health. Involving families could help improve and facilitate long-term engagement. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 339-347 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1779795 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1779795 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:339-347 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Danielle M. Beaudette Author-X-Name-First: Danielle M. Author-X-Name-Last: Beaudette Author-Name: Lisa N. Cruz Author-X-Name-First: Lisa N. Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz Author-Name: Alicia Lukachko Author-X-Name-First: Alicia Author-X-Name-Last: Lukachko Author-Name: Matthew Roché Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Roché Author-Name: Steven M. Silverstein Author-X-Name-First: Steven M. Author-X-Name-Last: Silverstein Title: Relationships between working alliance and outcomes in group therapy for people diagnosed with schizophrenia Abstract: Working alliance (WA) is an important predictor of treatment outcomes in therapy. Forming a strong WA can be challenging with people diagnosed with schizophrenia, and differences between client-rated and clinician-rated WA have been found in this population. This project examined WA in people diagnosed with schizophrenia who completed a skills training and attention shaping group intervention. Paired-samples t-tests revealed differences between client and clinician ratings on the Working Alliance Inventory Short Form (WAI-S). Clinician-rated WAI-S scores were related to symptom severity, cognitive functioning and attention during group sessions. Yet, the primary hypothesis was not supported as WAI-S scores were unrelated to clients’ treatment response. Clinician-rated WAI-S was found to partially mediate the relationship between negative symptoms and overall attention. Client-rated WAI-S scores were associated with client measures of self-efficacy and mastery. Results reinforce the importance of working alliance in the treatment of those diagnosed with schizophrenia and indicate clinical and functional factors that may influence the quality of WA. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 348-358 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1779796 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1779796 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:348-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simone Cheli Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Cheli Author-Name: Veronica Cavalletti Author-X-Name-First: Veronica Author-X-Name-Last: Cavalletti Author-Name: Nicola Petrocchi Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Petrocchi Title: An online compassion-focused crisis intervention during COVID-19 lockdown: a cases series on patients at high risk for psychosis Abstract: AimTo pilot-test the effectiveness of a online compassion-focused crisis intervention for persons who were diagnosed with brief psychotic disorder and were still at high risk for a psychotic episode at the Italian announcement of lockdown on March 9th, 2020.MethodsSix patients who, at the moment of the lockdown, were treated through different psychotherapy approaches and antipsychotic drugs for a first brief psychotic episode accessed a 4-week online compassion-focused intervention comprising a weekly individual video-call session, and an open messenger service with audio-recorded compassion focused practices. Primary outcome (general symptomatology) was assessed one‐week before and at the end of the intervention. Secondary outcomes (depression, anxiety and stress symptoms) were assessed daily during the intervention, for a total of 28 days.ResultsFive of six participants demonstrated a reliable change in both primary and secondary outcomes, and no one reported acute psychotic episodes during the lockdown. All participants reported a stable or increased working alliance.ConclusionThese data provide the preliminary feasibility and effectiveness of a brief online compassion-focused crisis intervention for patients diagnosed with a brief psychotic disorder, in situations where the telepsychology is offered, unplanned, as the only possible treatment option. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 359-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1786148 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1786148 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:359-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Carolina Florence Author-X-Name-First: Ana Carolina Author-X-Name-Last: Florence Author-Name: Rebecca Miller Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Author-Name: Chyrell Bellamy Author-X-Name-First: Chyrell Author-X-Name-Last: Bellamy Author-Name: Pauline Bernard Author-X-Name-First: Pauline Author-X-Name-Last: Bernard Author-Name: Claire Bien Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Bien Author-Name: Kendall Atterbury Author-X-Name-First: Kendall Author-X-Name-Last: Atterbury Author-Name: Cheri Bragg Author-X-Name-First: Cheri Author-X-Name-Last: Bragg Author-Name: Annette Diaz Author-X-Name-First: Annette Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz Author-Name: Eve Gardien Author-X-Name-First: Eve Author-X-Name-Last: Gardien Author-Name: Kimberly Guy Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly Author-X-Name-Last: Guy Author-Name: Chris Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Author-Name: Kirsten Maclean Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean Author-Name: Barbara Milton Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Author-X-Name-Last: Milton Author-Name: Leslie Nelson Author-X-Name-First: Leslie Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: Jonathan Jj Samoskevich Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Jj Author-X-Name-Last: Samoskevich Author-Name: Shannon Smith Author-X-Name-First: Shannon Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Milena Stanojlovic Author-X-Name-First: Milena Author-X-Name-Last: Stanojlovic Author-Name: Thomas Wexler Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Wexler Author-Name: Rafaela Zorzanelli Author-X-Name-First: Rafaela Author-X-Name-Last: Zorzanelli Author-Name: Larry Davidson Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson Title: When reality breaks from us: lived experience wisdom in the Covid-19 era Abstract: The emergence of Covid-19 disrupted most aspects of life, creating a high degree of uncertainty and unpredictability about the future. Knowledge from a place of lived experience offers insights and strategies to better understand how to live, grow and thrive through the difficulties that people who experience mental health challenges, other disabling health conditions, people of color, and people from lower socio-economic backgrounds have overcome. We report on a programmatic effort to investigate how lessons learned through lived experience could be useful to persons who are dealing with a destabilizing situation like this pandemic for the first time, especially mental health providers. Three listening sessions over Zoom were conducted to gather information, views and personal accounts related to the current pandemic. Twenty four people with experience of mental health challenges and people living with disabilities, of various ethnic and racial backgrounds, participated in the sessions. We suggest that the recovery framework can be helpful to address the current crisis; we challenge traditional notions of normality; and finally, we recommend that providers and systems of care adopt a framework that addresses health inequities and human rights. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 363-367 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1817138 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1817138 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:363-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James K. Mosher Author-X-Name-First: James K. Author-X-Name-Last: Mosher Title: “I remember…so, let’s not forget”: remembering our past lest we repeat it Abstract: What happens when we, as a profession, forget our past, whether it is what history and research have taught or the values that motivated us to become healers? Here, I explore this question. First, I remember several experiences I have had that illustrate what can go wrong when we “forget.” Then, I review some of our history and research, critically examining it, to remind us of those lessons. Finally, I share examples from my own practice to show how remembering the past can guide us in the present. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 368-376 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1760338 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1760338 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:368-376 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew Morrissette Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissette Author-Name: Amir Shamlou Author-X-Name-First: Amir Author-X-Name-Last: Shamlou Title: Experiences of treating patients with psychotic symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unique challenges in the treatment of patients with psychotic symptoms. Clinicians have expressed concern in treating patients exhibiting psychotic symptoms who may be infected with COVID-19, fearing that patients may not adhere with practices intended to mitigate viral spread. In our experience with treating adolescents and adults with psychotic symptoms during this pandemic, the vast majority of patients have demonstrated acceptance of and adherence to preventative measures. We would urge our colleagues to continue practices aimed at mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in spite of concerns that might exist when treating patients with psychotic symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 377-379 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1769165 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1769165 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:377-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Kennard Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Kennard Title: Clinical psychology in the mental health inpatient setting: international perspectives Journal: Psychosis Pages: 380-382 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1720273 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1720273 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:380-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Healy Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Healy Title: The Zyprexa papers Journal: Psychosis Pages: 381-382 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1766547 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1766547 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:381-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Hurley Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Hurley Author-Name: Suzanne Jolley Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne Author-X-Name-Last: Jolley Author-Name: Orla Gibbons Author-X-Name-First: Orla Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbons Author-Name: Aduramigba Williams Author-X-Name-First: Aduramigba Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Author-Name: Satish Nath Varma Author-X-Name-First: Satish Author-X-Name-Last: Nath Varma Author-Name: Suchi Bhandari Author-X-Name-First: Suchi Author-X-Name-Last: Bhandari Author-Name: Kajori Mukherjee Author-X-Name-First: Kajori Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherjee Author-Name: Hilary Garraway Author-X-Name-First: Hilary Author-X-Name-Last: Garraway Author-Name: Cerys Jones Author-X-Name-First: Cerys Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Narin Aker Author-X-Name-First: Narin Author-X-Name-Last: Aker Author-Name: Elizabeth Appiah-Kusi Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Appiah-Kusi Author-Name: Timothy Weaver Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Author-X-Name-Last: Weaver Title: A five-year prospective evaluation of a new community psychosis service in North London: introducing the Recovery and Enablement Track (RET) Abstract: BackgroundUnited Kingdom mental healthcare guidelines recommend recovery-focused services for people with psychosis. We evaluated a “Recovery and Enablement Track” (RET) aiming to promote recovery and well-being, reduce distress and maintain independence from secondary care following discharge, for people with established psychosis and long histories of secondary care.MethodFrom March 2015 to December 2019, 214 individuals entered the RET and were followed up 12 months’ post-discharge. Recovery, well-being, and distress were measured at assessment, review, and discharge. Of 214 total people, 86 consented to inclusion for this evaluation.ResultsWell-being and recovery significantly improved from assessment to discharge – distress did not. Distress improved from review to discharge, suggesting improvement during service contact. 79% (68/86) of individuals were discharged to the care of their family doctor, and 22% of these (15/68) re-presented before 12-month follow-up.ConclusionRecovery and well-being improved from assessment to discharge, distress improved from review to discharge. Half of consenting participants were successfully discharged from secondary care following the RET, suggesting potential to promote recovery. Comparison to a formal control condition with systematic analysis of any biasing effect of missing data (i.e. through refusal to participate) is now indicated. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-12 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1803954 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1803954 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:1-12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yubin Cho Author-X-Name-First: Yubin Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Author-Name: Daeho Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daeho Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seok-Hyeon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Seok-Hyeon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Prevalence and clinical correlates of childhood trauma among inpatients diagnosed with bipolar disorder: a matched comparison with schizophrenia Abstract: BackgroundThis study examined whether a particular type of childhood trauma (CT) is more prevalent in people diagnosed with bipolar disorder than in a matched sample of people diagnosed with schizophrenia and whether clinical variables of bipolar disorder are related to CT.MethodsSeventy-one inpatients diagnosed with bipolar disorder were matched to those diagnosed with schizophrenia for age, sex, and duration of illness. Both groups completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Traumatic Antecedent Questionnaire, the Impact of Events Scale, and the Dissociative Experiences Scale-Taxon. Second, clinical variables at discharge, course variables within one year (relapse, readmission, and time remained in therapy) and medication adherence were investigated for association with trauma types.ResultsReported CT and protective factors did not differ between those diagnosed with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. In addition, CT was not related to clinical features, course variables or medication adherence. The only significant correlations found were between childhood emotional neglect and prescription of anxiolytics (p < 0.05) and sleep pills (p < 0.001) at discharge.ConclusionsWe did not find any particular type of CT that distinguishes bipolar disorder from schizophrenia, implying there is no specific contribution of CT to different psychotic diagnoses. However, some types of trauma may correlate with the prescription of specific psychotropic medication. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 13-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1801818 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1801818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:13-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lilith Abrahamyan Empson Author-X-Name-First: Lilith Abrahamyan Author-X-Name-Last: Empson Author-Name: Philippe Conus Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Conus Title: Video ethnography: introducing a new tool from research to psychiatric practice? Abstract: Background: Ongoing progress in psychiatric research calls for interdisciplinary approaches and use of novel methodologies.Methods: After discussing theoretical advantages of the use of video ethnography in psychiatric research in the context of urbanicity/psychosis studies, the present article explores the representations of first line practitioners regarding its use in psychiatric research and, by extrapolation, in general practice based on qualitative analysis of case-managers feedbacks.Results: Video ethnography was found sufficiently acceptable and tolerable tool within our research cohort. Both patients and case managers were positive about assets provided by this approach.Conclusions: Nevertheless, more research is warranted to supplement reported results and conceptualize further implementation of video ethnography as a research tool. Further developments in this area may profit to psychiatric care beneficiaries by enabling a user inclusive approach and enriching therapists' appreciation of the impact of psychotic symptoms on patient's daily life. While the use of video ethnography in psychiatric research and practice with patients suffering from psychosis remains scarce, ever changing attitudes of the society towards self-exposure and availability of non-professional video recording material may further shape both research and clinical practice Journal: Psychosis Pages: 24-34 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1745874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1745874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:24-34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Langlois Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Langlois Author-Name: A. Bourcier Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Bourcier Author-Name: P. Lamy Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Lamy Author-Name: M. Lhermine Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lhermine Author-Name: S. Callahan Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Callahan Author-Name: T. Lecomte Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Lecomte Title: Narrative changes about “voices” following a contextual group therapy for people with psychosis Abstract: BackgroundTo determine the impact of a contextual group CBT intervention for voices on the narratives of people with psychosisMethodNarratives from 10 participants with psychosis and hearing auditory hallucinations, who participated in a group intervention for voices, were collected and analysed, before and after the intervention.ResultsFour main themes emerged from the phenomenological analysis of the participant’s narratives regarding their voices: ‘representation of voices’, ‘explanations given to hearing voices’, ‘unfolding and appearance of voices, and ’reactions and emotional management of voices’. It was possible to isolate sub-categories within the four main (or superordinate) themes that evolved following the intervention, reflecting the psychological and behavioural processes at work involved in response to the voices. The identification of these processes made it possible to understand how a contextual group CBT intervention for voice management could concretely help those who receive it.ConclusionA contextual group intervention for the management of auditory hallucinations in people with psychosis seems to improve the ability to describe, accept, and manage voices, as well as to encourage participants to relate differently, in a more peaceful way, with them. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 35-46 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1801817 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1801817 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:35-46 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rob Sips Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Sips Author-Name: Zeno Van Duppen Author-X-Name-First: Zeno Author-X-Name-Last: Van Duppen Author-Name: Zuzana Kasanova Author-X-Name-First: Zuzana Author-X-Name-Last: Kasanova Author-Name: Lena De Thurah Author-X-Name-First: Lena Author-X-Name-Last: De Thurah Author-Name: Ana Teixeira Author-X-Name-First: Ana Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira Author-Name: Jasper Feyaerts Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Feyaerts Author-Name: Inez Myin-Germeys Author-X-Name-First: Inez Author-X-Name-Last: Myin-Germeys Title: Psychosis as a dialectic of aha- and anti-aha-experiences: a qualitative study Abstract: Background: Experiences of sudden and abrupt insight, sometimes termed aha-experiences, are often reported during psychosis. The aha-experience is described as a radical and sudden restructuring, realization or change in understanding. Based on personal experience, we argued that alongside this aha experience exists the anti-aha-experience. The anti-aha-experience refers to an experience of sudden insight that does not fit within one’s framework, convictions or worldview and has an undermining effect. We have conceptualized psychosis as a dialectic of aha- and anti-aha-experiences and argue that a dialectic tension between aha- and anti-aha experiences undermines a stable personal perspective.Methods: In this study, we set out to investigate whether individuals with lived experience of psychosis do indeed report forms of sudden insight, and particularly if they report aha- and anti-ahaexperiences, and the dialectic between them. We therefore conducted 21 in-depth interviews and 6 focus groups with individuals with lived experience of psychosis and analyzed the transcripts using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.Results: The findings show that these phenomena are indeed often reported and could play a significant role in psychosis.Conclusions: Integrating these phenomena into our understanding of psychosis could help to better grasp the lived experience of individual patients and additionally inform other forms of research on psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 47-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1798492 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1798492 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:47-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emilia Kramarz Author-X-Name-First: Emilia Author-X-Name-Last: Kramarz Author-Name: Sophie Lyles Author-X-Name-First: Sophie Author-X-Name-Last: Lyles Author-Name: Helen L. Fisher Author-X-Name-First: Helen L. Author-X-Name-Last: Fisher Author-Name: Simon Riches Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Riches Title: Staff experience of delivering clinical care on acute psychiatric wards for service users who hear voices: a qualitative study Abstract: BackgroundResearch indicates that clinical staff lack confidence in delivering clinical care for voice hearers. Understanding staff experience is therefore likely to benefit staff training.ObjectiveTo explore staff experience of delivering clinical care for voice hearers using qualitative methodology.MethodA total of 18 multidisciplinary staff from five acute psychiatric wards participated in brief semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsSix themes were identified. Participants reported Challenges of Understanding Subjective Experience (N = 16) of hearing voices, Empathy for Distress (N = 14) caused by voices, Curiosity about Experience (N = 10) and wish to understand, Anxiety about Clinical Risk (N = 8), especially regarding command hallucinations, Lack of Clinical Confidence (N = 7) in how to respond, and Diversity of Voices (N = 6) experienced by voice hearers.ConclusionStaff have empathy for voice hearers’ distress but feel they lack subjective understanding of what it feels like to hear voices. Lack of understanding, perceived clinical risks, and diversity of voices may be associated with reported lack of clinical confidence. Staff training that promotes greater subjective understanding has the potential to improve therapeutic relationships, clinical confidence, and quality of care. Using simulation technologies and involving people with lived experience in staff training may be ways to improve subjective understanding. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 58-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1781234 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1781234 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:58-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Lebert Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Lebert Author-Name: D. Turkington Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Author-Name: M. Freeston Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Freeston Author-Name: R. Dudley Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley Title: Rumination, intolerance of uncertainty and paranoia in treatment resistant psychosis Abstract: BackgroundThis study explored the relationship between depressive rumination, non-depressive rumination, intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and paranoia.MethodUsing a single group design, the relationship between rumination, IU, depression, positive symptoms of psychosis and paranoia was studied in 24 participants with treatment resistant psychosis.ResultsNon-depressive rumination demonstrated a specific relationship with paranoia, but not with delusions or positive symptoms generally. Moreover, paranoia was strongly associated with IU.ConclusionsRumination and IU may contribute to the maintenance of paranoid thinking and may be important in the treatment of paranoia and persecutory ideation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 65-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1798489 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1798489 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:65-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jennifer Mbanu Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Mbanu Title: Understanding how patients with psychosis would prefer to be contacted about research Abstract: Background: There has been no published research exploring the attitudes of people with psychosis to different communication methods for being contacted about research.Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, psychosis and related disorders completed an open ended questionnaire about: The method(s) by which patients with psychosis would prefer to be contacted about research opportunities; attitudes towards texting as a proposed method for informing patients about research studies; attitudes towards being contacted from a private number; and preferred contact method(s) for research appointment reminders.Results: Emergent themes from the questionnaire are presented.Conclusions: The implications for improving research engagement within the psychosis population are discussed and scope for further research highlighted. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 71-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1798490 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1798490 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:71-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Nelson Author-X-Name-First: B. Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: L. Torregrossa Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Torregrossa Author-Name: A. Thompson Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Author-Name: L.A. Sass Author-X-Name-First: L.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Sass Author-Name: S. Park Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: J.A. Hartmann Author-X-Name-First: J.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hartmann Author-Name: P.D. McGorry Author-X-Name-First: P.D. Author-X-Name-Last: McGorry Author-Name: M. Alvarez-Jimenez Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez-Jimenez Title: Improving treatments for psychotic disorders: beyond cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis Abstract: More effective treatments for people with psychotic disorders are urgently required. Here, we make three suggestions for progress: 1. Targeting the disorders’ core phenomenological features (‘phenomenological phenotype’), 2. Addressing social disconnection, isolation and loneliness, and 3. Leveraging ‘hot’ cognitions and using symptom capture approaches that combine psychotherapy with advances in technology and neuroscience. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 78-84 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1742200 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1742200 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:78-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Todd Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Todd Title: “Epistemic injustice” in the administration of mental health legislation Abstract: The concept of “Epistemic Injustice” was used as a tool to interpret practices applied during the administration of Mental Health legislation by the Mental Health Tribunal Scotland. This highlighted instances of being wronged on several occasions in my capacity as a knower. Example contributory factors included the Tribunal structure and sub-optimal application of heuristics by panel members. Factors associated with an appeal process involving a “Designated Medical Practitioner” may offer some potential for improvement of routine application of administrative aspects of Mental Health legislation. Testimonial and hermeneutical issues should be considered. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 85-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1853204 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1853204 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:85-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pamela R. Fuller Author-X-Name-First: Pamela R. Author-X-Name-Last: Fuller Title: Psychosis, trauma, and dissociation: evolving perspectives on severe psychopathology Journal: Psychosis Pages: 89-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1825778 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1825778 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:89-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manuel González de Chávez Author-X-Name-First: Manuel Author-X-Name-Last: González de Chávez Title: Hallucination-focused integrative therapy Journal: Psychosis Pages: 90-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1832560 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1832560 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:90-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Georgia Parratt Author-X-Name-First: Georgia Author-X-Name-Last: Parratt Author-Name: Chris Sanderson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Sanderson Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Gail Bradbury Author-X-Name-First: Gail Author-X-Name-Last: Bradbury Title: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of parents’ experience of making sense of at risk mental state Abstract: At Risk Mental State (ARMS) refers to people deemed at elevated risk of experiencing a first episode of psychosis. Family relationships often play a significant role in both the development and experience of early psychosis. How families make sense of problems influences their emotional experiences and relationships. To date there has been no research exploring how parents make sense of ARMS. Seven parents with a child meeting the ARMS criteria shared their experiences through semi-structured interviews and the data gathered were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The findings suggested that parents experienced three stages when making sense of the ARMS criteria: initial uncertainty, experience of getting support and the process of looking to the future. Parents felt they lacked the skills to help their child and often had difficulty accessing the right services. The research also demonstrated that carer beliefs about psychosis identified in carers of those who experienced a first-episode psychosis are present even prior to a diagnosis of psychosis. Future work could consider ways of including and supporting parents during this sense-making process as well as better promoting ARMS services. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 119-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1830154 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1830154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:119-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noor Sharif Author-X-Name-First: Noor Author-X-Name-Last: Sharif Author-Name: Vasileia Karasavva Author-X-Name-First: Vasileia Author-X-Name-Last: Karasavva Author-Name: Susan Farrell Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Farrell Title: One size doesn’t fit all: gender differences in trauma, PTSD, substance use and the SMI-PTSD conceptual model in persons with severe mental illness in Assertive Community Treatment Abstract: The literature on severe mental illness (SMI), trauma, PTSD, and substance use is expansive, yet no research exists examining the specific population served by Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) concerning these relationships and particularly the SMI-PTSD model proposed in the literature. In this paper, we employed retrospective chart reviews to extract information on trauma histories, PTSD, substance use, and psychosocial factors in a sample of 282 clients from four ACT teams (178 males; 104 females) to assess the gender differences in types of trauma, instances of PTSD, substances of choice, problematic substance use, and the SMI-PTSD model. Results indicated that rates of sexual trauma, emotional abuse, serious suicide attempts, rates of trauma in adulthood and PTSD were higher among women, whereas rates of alcohol, marijuana, and stimulant use as well as lifetime problematic substance use were higher among men. In terms of the SMI-PTSD model, results suggest that the model fits the experiences and possible trajectory of men with SMI better. Future work should investigate gender differences and gendered trajectories around the complex relationships between SMI, trauma, PTSD, substance use and examine how the SMI-PTSD model applies to persons of diverse backgrounds. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 105-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1839123 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1839123 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:105-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carmen Valiente Author-X-Name-First: Carmen Author-X-Name-Last: Valiente Author-Name: Alba Contreras Author-X-Name-First: Alba Author-X-Name-Last: Contreras Author-Name: Almudena Trucharte Author-X-Name-First: Almudena Author-X-Name-Last: Trucharte Author-Name: Vanesa Peinado Author-X-Name-First: Vanesa Author-X-Name-Last: Peinado Author-Name: Regina Espinosa Author-X-Name-First: Regina Author-X-Name-Last: Espinosa Title: Psychometric properties and normative data of the Spanish version of short form persecution and deservedness scale Abstract: The Persecution and Deservedness Scale (PaDS) is a measure widely used to assess persecutory thinking. This paper aims to test the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Short-Form Persecution and Deservedness Scale (SF-PaDS), factor structure, and distribution scores across demographic characteristics. For this purpose, a representative sample of Spaniards (N = 1,947) was used. The internal consistency of the scale was good (α =.84) and it showed adequate convergent validity, with significant moderate correlations with loneliness, depression and anxiety, and mild significant correlations with mistrust of others. The confirmatory factor analysis and the parallel analysis revealed a unifactorial structure. Analyses showed no significant differences across gender or educational level, but there were significant differences regarding age, history of mental health difficulties, income and employment status. Thus, our results indicate that the Spanish version of the SF-PaDS is a valid and reliable measure of persecutory thinking within the Spanish context. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 130-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1834605 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1834605 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:130-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Beyer Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Beyer Title: Schizophrenic voices as spirit communication and telepathy Abstract: The voices of schizophrenia might be spirit communication and telepathy. I am a patient myself with schizophrenia and have researched these voices for more than 10 years and experimented with different approaches. I found loving kindness especially important to live with these voices. Angry voices seem to stem from conflicts and are, as I observed, to be dealt with with making up with the angered person. I had two intensive conflicts with people, from whom I heard angry voices afterwards. These angry voices stopped when I made up with the angered people (my mother and an expartner) and told them that I love them. The 12 steps approach for addiction and loving kindness seem very helpful when dealing with voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 188-188 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1862286 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1862286 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:188-188 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nienke Moernaut Author-X-Name-First: Nienke Author-X-Name-Last: Moernaut Author-Name: Stijn Vanheule Author-X-Name-First: Stijn Author-X-Name-Last: Vanheule Title: Experiencing negative symptoms in psychosis: a systematic qualitative review Abstract: Although negative symptoms of psychosis are frequently researched, the subjective experience of these symptoms is not often studied in detail. This paper addresses this shortcoming by reviewing qualitative research about first-person perspectives on negative symptoms. A systematic literature search using Web of Science, Scopus, PsychArticles, PubMed, CiNAHL and Embase revealed 12 relevant studies. Our review yields a model with five clusters: failing social interactions; experiences of disconnection; overwhelming psychotic experiences; an eroded self-image; and detrimental side effects of psychotropic medication. In the discussion, the authors conclude that disturbances underlying negative symptoms should be studied in greater detail, starting explicitly from theoretical frameworks like phenomenology or psychoanalysis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 175-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1784257 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1784257 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:175-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Newman-Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Newman-Taylor Author-Name: Thomas Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Author-Name: Rachel Lees Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Lees Author-Name: Katherine Petrilli Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Petrilli Author-Name: Helen Bolderston Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Bolderston Author-Name: Chandni Hindocha Author-X-Name-First: Chandni Author-X-Name-Last: Hindocha Author-Name: Tom P Freeman Author-X-Name-First: Tom P Author-X-Name-Last: Freeman Author-Name: Michael A. P. Bloomfield Author-X-Name-First: Michael A. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Bloomfield Title: Cognitive fusion as a candidate psychological vulnerability factor for psychosis: An experimental study of acute ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) intoxication Abstract: Heavy cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. However, the psychological mechanisms involved, and interactions with established risk factors for cannabis-related psychosis, remain unclear. This study examined the role of cognitive fusion, a candidate vulnerability factor for psychosis, during acute THC intoxication, and the interaction with key risk factors – developmental trauma and schizotypy. Twenty general population cannabis-using participants were administered THC or placebo in a within-participants, double-blinded randomised study. Developmental trauma, schizotypy and cognitive fusion were all associated with psychotic experiences during intoxication. Cognitive fusion accounted for increased psychotic experiences in those with developmental trauma and high schizotypy. Cognitive fusion may be a key mechanism by which developmental trauma and schizotypy increase risk of psychosis from cannabis use. This initial study is limited by a small sample and correlational design; a larger scale mediation study is now needed to support a causal argument. The findings have implications for psychological treatments and identifying those at risk of cannabis-related psychosis. Psychological interventions that target cognitive fusion may be more effective than generic approaches. People prone to cognitive fusion, particularly those with a history of developmental trauma and high in schizotypy, may be at higher risk for cannabis-related psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 167-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1853203 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1853203 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:167-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Wm Miller Author-X-Name-First: Paul Wm Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Title: The genetics of schizophrenia: psychiatry is over-emphasising the role of genes in mental disorders Journal: Psychosis Pages: 190-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1853802 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1853802 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:190-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helen Thai Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Thai Author-Name: Noor Sharif Author-X-Name-First: Noor Author-X-Name-Last: Sharif Author-Name: Kevin Patrick Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Patrick Author-Name: Chelsea Meldrum Author-X-Name-First: Chelsea Author-X-Name-Last: Meldrum Author-Name: Tyrone Gamble Author-X-Name-First: Tyrone Author-X-Name-Last: Gamble Author-Name: Carrie Robertson Author-X-Name-First: Carrie Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson Author-Name: Nicola Wright Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Author-Name: Tomas Fogl Author-X-Name-First: Tomas Author-X-Name-Last: Fogl Author-Name: Amy Webb Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Webb Author-Name: Jessica Tutino Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Author-X-Name-Last: Tutino Author-Name: Nancy Bahl Author-X-Name-First: Nancy Author-X-Name-Last: Bahl Author-Name: Bronwyn O’Brien Author-X-Name-First: Bronwyn Author-X-Name-Last: O’Brien Author-Name: the Par Co-Design Team Author-X-Name-First: the Par Co-Design Author-X-Name-Last: Team Title: A Participatory Action Research (PAR) exploratory initiative for psychosis recovery and resilience Abstract: Although treatments for schizophrenia and psychosis have improved significantly over time, many clients still experience social disparities, such as poverty, unemployment, social network strain, and barriers to community supports, that can negatively impact clinical outcomes and perpetuate the cycle of illness. Research is needed to help better understand and address these concerns. Conventional research models typically do not seek to involve those who are most affected and impacted by research outcomes (i.e., people with lived experience) in developing solutions to address the social concerns that they face. The PAR pilot project was launched to explore and examine the impact of including people with lived experience of psychosis as part of the program development, research process and team, whereby decision-making power and empowerment are shared. The PAR Co-Design Team was comprised of people with lived experience, Psychology students, and clinicians. Collaboratively, the Team prepared and presented two workshops and a poster at the 2019 World Hearing Voices Congress. Qualitative feedback reveals that PAR can be effective to foster client well-being and recovery as well as facilitate clinician learning through social inclusion, meaning-making, and empowerment. However, evaluative improvements are needed to better understand the impact of this practice for all. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 143-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1853202 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1853202 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:143-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. George Awad Author-X-Name-First: A. George Author-X-Name-Last: Awad Title: The essential schizophrenia companion Journal: Psychosis Pages: 189-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1841272 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1841272 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:189-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Emrich Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Emrich Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Danny Taggart Author-X-Name-First: Danny Author-X-Name-Last: Taggart Title: The subjective experience of recovery from psychosis in an acute mental health inpatient setting Abstract: Background: Experiences of recovery from psychosis have been well explored but not with service users in the acute stages of psychosis. This study aimed to explore the subjective experiences of recovery from psychosis from the perspective of service users receiving acute mental health inpatient care.Methods: Ten participants undertook a semi-structured interview examining their experiences of recovery from psychosis during acute mental health inpatient care. Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).Results: Five superordinate themes emerged: “My future is just being ripped out in front of me”: Living with psychosis is a struggle; “Would you want to be in here?”: Traumatic experience of being in hospital; “I know roughly why I got ill anyway and what caused this”: A journey towards reaching an understanding; Recovery/Rehabilitation/Recuperation: A process of evolution; and “You need all the help you can get”: Facilitators of Recovery.Conclusions: This study highlighted that mental health inpatient settings are not settings where everyone can be in recovery or approaching recovery. For some participants, recovery appeared to be an empty signifier, and is a word used by services but does not necessarily correspond with their experiences of mental health inpatient settings. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 154-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1841271 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1841271 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:154-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hannah Prytherch Author-X-Name-First: Hannah Author-X-Name-Last: Prytherch Author-Name: Anne Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: Ian Marsh Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Marsh Title: Coercion or collaboration: service-user experiences of risk management in hospital and a trauma-informed crisis house Abstract: Background and aims. Improving care for people in crisis remains high on the UK government agenda. Trauma-informed approaches (TIAs) have been advocated to address concerns raised about psychiatric hospital services by service-users, particularly around the use of coercion in risk management. This study explores service-users’ experiences of risk management in both hospital services and a trauma-informed crisis house.Methods. Eight women were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis within a critical realist framework.Results and discussion. Four themes were developed. In the first two (‘The Medical-Custodial Approach: They Only Think About Physical Safety‘ and ‘Coercion is Counterproductive‘) participants described hospital as being dominated by a medical-custodial approach, which they said was ineffective in managing long term safety and could exacerbate distress. In the next two themes (’Talking Heals’ and ’Relationships as Risk Management’) the crisis house was described as using a relational approach to risk management that enabled women to maintain some freedom, privacy and control and was felt to be more effective long term. This research was carried out with a small sample and both recruitment and context likely privileged positive accounts of TIAs. Clinical implications and areas for further research are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-104 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1830155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1830155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:93-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lauren Cox Author-X-Name-First: Lauren Author-X-Name-Last: Cox Author-Name: James Eoin Dixon Author-X-Name-First: James Eoin Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon Title: An at-risk mental state service embedded within a UK Early Intervention team across two years of service delivery for service users 14 to 65 years: service audit Abstract: Background: Since national roll out in 2016, there has been little data available to assess service delivery for At-risk Mental State (ARMS) services embedded within UK Early Intervention Teams.Methods: An audit benchmarked a local ARMS service to assess compliance and service quality against UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) standards. Data were collected using an audit tool for all users accepted to an ARMS service over a two-year period.Results: Service standards complied 100% with two of the three relevant NICE standards and there was 95% compliance with the remaining standard. Weeks engaged in service, uptake of CBT (58%) and discharge rates to primary 15 and secondary services was evaluated. A transition rate of 19% to First Episode Psychosis was recorded within the sample. Further analysis investigated three separate age ranges categorised within the sample across standards.Conclusions: The evidence provided showed the service meets national stan- dards, allowing a good provision of care. However, limitations were found in the interpretation of national standards, ability to meet the needs of all service users meeting criteria for ARMS services and service efficiency. The findings also lend themselves to wider conversations around the concept of ARMS services. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 231-241 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1864459 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1864459 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:231-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nikki Dehmahdi Author-X-Name-First: Nikki Author-X-Name-Last: Dehmahdi Author-Name: Heather Law Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Law Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Rory Byrne Author-X-Name-First: Rory Author-X-Name-Last: Byrne Author-Name: Wendy Jones Author-X-Name-First: Wendy Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Heather Peel Author-X-Name-First: Heather Author-X-Name-Last: Peel Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Estimating the minimum important difference for the questionnaire about the Process of Recovery (QPR): an anchor-based approach Abstract: Background: Despite wide usage of the Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery 10 (QPR), the minimum important difference (MID) for the measure has not been identified. Establishing the MID for the QPR is required in order to facilitate the interpretation of outcomes in clinical practice and the use of this scale in research, to measure meaningful change in people with psycho- sis.Methods: Using an anchor-based method, data from four existing trials of interventions for people with psychosis (N = 681) were used to identify the MID for the QPR. Changes in QPR total scores between baseline and end of treatment were assessed for correspondence with several anchor measures which had established MIDs or face-value clinical meaning. A range of MID values were calculated.Results: Based on anchor measures that were orientated towards service- user priorities, a within-person MID of 5 points and a between-group MID of 4 points are suggested. Results also indicated that the reliability and validity of the 15-item version of the QPR was high, which provides support for its use in clinical practice and research. Conclusions: Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 220-230 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1883726 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1883726 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:220-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charlotte Cochrane Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte Author-X-Name-Last: Cochrane Author-Name: Nicola Moran Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Moran Author-Name: Elizabeth Newton Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Newton Title: Exploring the impacts of a carers’ psycho-education group: personal insights from the family of people with early psychosis Abstract: BackgroundCarers (family and friends) are simultaneously impacted by a loved one’s experience of psychosis and influential in supporting recovery from psychosis. This study examines carers’ experiences and perceived impacts of a psycho-education group within one Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) service in England.MethodsSemi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with seven carers who had attended a psychoeducation group. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) for which a small sample is recommended.ResultsParticipants highlighted the importance of carers’ early access to information and of working around barriers to attendance at psychoeducation groups. They perceived that their attendance at the group had enhanced their confidence and independence in supporting loved ones with their symptoms, encouraged greater involvement in care planning, and overall improved carer wellbeing.ConclusionsSharing experiences had increased their understanding of psychosis and helped with tackling stigma and feelings of shame. Implications and areas for further research are discussed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 253-264 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1861073 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1861073 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:253-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marie Brown Author-X-Name-First: Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: Psychoses of the female body: the need for more psychosocial engagement Abstract: Biomedical discourse commonly associates the emergence of psychosis in women with the reproductive body, most particularly, with the hormonal shifts that accompany the reproductive cycle during menstruation, pregnancy/birth, and menopause. This paper argues that hormonal theories of psychosis and the female body mirror patriarchal ideas regarding women’s “raging hormones” and inherent emotional instability. Although psychosocial scholarship on psychosis has led to a broadening of the conversation regarding people diagnosed with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, psychoses of the female body (e.g., postpartum psychosis, menopausal psychosis, menstrual exacerbation) have thus far been neglected by this important critical analysis. The author suggests a closer engagement with feminist psychology as a way of illuminating more holistic approaches to psychosis in women, thus counterbalancing sexist and reductive narratives. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 286-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1856175 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1856175 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:286-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sam Bard Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: Bard Author-Name: Amy Degnan Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Degnan Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Dawn Edge Author-X-Name-First: Dawn Author-X-Name-Last: Edge Title: Exploring the relationships between illness beliefs and psychosis symptoms among Black African and Caribbean people with non-affective psychosis Abstract: BackgroundBlack African and Caribbean people in the UK have the highest rates of diagnosis with Psychosis. Compared with other ethnic groups, their contact with mental health services is characterised by inferior access, care experiences, and outcomes. Previous research suggests that beliefs about mental health problems may influence emotional responses, coping behaviours and outcomes in psychosis.MethodThe study examined the causal attributions and illness perceptions of 51 Black African and Caribbean people with non-affective psychosis and their associations with psychosis symptoms, using the Positive and Negative Syndrome S and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire.ResultsBlack service users with non-affective psychosis most frequently attributed mental health problems to psychosocial factors, though spiritual, biological and substance abuse explanations were also provided. Endorsing a psychosocial explanation for psychosis was associated with less severe negative symptoms. More negative or threatening illness perceptions were correlated with greater negative, general and overall symptom severity in psychosis.ConclusionsPsychological formulations and interventions for Black people experiencing psychosis should consider personalised beliefs about their mental health problems as this may facilitate improvements in symptoms. Further longitudinal research is warranted in larger samples to examine psychological causal mechanisms linking illness beliefs and psychosis outcomes. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 265-275 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1856173 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1856173 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:265-275 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Parry Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Parry Author-Name: Filippo Varese Author-X-Name-First: Filippo Author-X-Name-Last: Varese Title: “Listen to the parents… really listen to the child!” Family narratives of supporting children hearing voices Abstract: Background Despite the vital role parents play in caring for children with auditory hallucinations, very little research has garnered their experiences, opinions and recommendations for improving service design and delivery.Methods 132 participants (Mage = 39.11; SD = 8.50) from 14 countries completed an online qualitative survey, providing rich reflective narratives about their individual and systemic experiences of caring for a child with auditory hallucinations. Narratives were analyzed through a Foucauldian-informed narrative analysis, which recognized the influence of internalized stigma and societal narratives that surround hallucinations across Western cultures.Results Four emancipatory narratives provide novel insights into the experience of caring for a young voice-hearer. Participants discussed their first thoughts and reactions, which were often influenced by negative societal narratives surrounding voice-hearing and fears for the future, as well as how a lack of tailored systemic support could adversely affect family functioning.Conclusions Parents require greater access to, and inclusion in, intervention pathways within mental health services. Mothers may require additional resource due to a lack of systemic support and risks to their wellbeing as they care for their child. Participants recommend changes for clinical care, including earlier early intervention pathways for young children, easily accessible online information, support groups, and parent training programs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 209-219 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1856174 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1856174 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:209-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jacqui Dillon Author-X-Name-First: Jacqui Author-X-Name-Last: Dillon Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Author-Name: Olga Runciman Author-X-Name-First: Olga Author-X-Name-Last: Runciman Title: Sandra Escher – an Obituary Journal: Psychosis Pages: 193-194 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1949385 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1949385 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:193-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ruth E. Cooper Author-X-Name-First: Ruth E. Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper Author-Name: John P. Mason Author-X-Name-First: John P. Author-X-Name-Last: Mason Author-Name: Tim Calton Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Calton Author-Name: John Richardson Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Author-Name: Joanna Moncrieff Author-X-Name-First: Joanna Author-X-Name-Last: Moncrieff Title: Opinion Piece: The case for establishing a minimal medication alternative for psychosis and schizophrenia Abstract: The development of severe mental health conditions is strongly linked to our environments, particularly experiences of trauma and adversity. However treatments for severe mental health conditions are often primarily biomedical, centred around medication. For people diagnosed with schizophrenia or psychosis, this is antipsychotic medication. Although antipsychotics have been found to reduce symptoms and risk of relapse, some patients derive little benefit from these drugs, and they can lead to severe adverse effects. Subsequently, a high proportion of people do not want to take antipsychotics and request an alternative. Yet in the UK and in many countries there are currently no guidelines for stopping antipsychotics or formal treatment alternatives, despite such alternatives being available in some countries. For example, in Norway and Vermont (USA), in response to pressure from service user organisations, governments have mandated the establishment of “minimal medication” services. We examine whether everyone with a psychotic condition needs long-term antipsychotic treatment and evidence for alternative models of care. We recommend that healthcare providers should be encouraged to develop a psychosocial treatment package for people with psychosis or schizophrenia that provides a realistic possibility of minimising antipsychotic exposure. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 276-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1930119 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1930119 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:276-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alastair Pipkin Author-X-Name-First: Alastair Author-X-Name-Last: Pipkin Author-Name: Dr Sarah Armitage Author-X-Name-First: Dr Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Armitage Author-Name: Matthew Knight Author-X-Name-First: Matthew Author-X-Name-Last: Knight Author-Name: Lorna Hogg Author-X-Name-First: Lorna Author-X-Name-Last: Hogg Title: “A blank canvas of me”: an interpretive phenomenological analysis study of the experience of client self-disclosure in cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis Abstract: Background: Client disclosure of emotionally salient information to a therapist may be an important factor in the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp). The present study explores how people engaging with CBTp make sense of sharing emotionally salient information with a therapist and considers how mental health stigma may influence how participants decide whether to share information.Methods: Eight participants were recruited for semi-structured interviews lasting 30–75 minutes. Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used.Results: Two main themes were identified. I am responsible for controlling the negative impact of disclosure refers to participants’ awareness that sharing distressing experiences may have negative consequences. Participants worried about being judged, such as being seen as abnormal or having the potential to harm others. They also worried about feeling shamed or distressed. Non-disclosure may be a way of avoiding these fears. The second theme, Therapy makes me feel normal, describes how participants viewed themselves more positively from their therapist validating and understanding their experiences.Conclusions: Internalized stigma-based beliefs may influence self-disclosure, and the therapeutic relationship may provide alternative, positive beliefs about the self as normal. Further research can explore beliefs about self-disclosure and consider micro-affirmations as a therapeutic process. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 242-252 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1881597 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1881597 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:242-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sally Bloy Author-X-Name-First: Sally Author-X-Name-Last: Bloy Author-Name: Eric M.J. Morris Author-X-Name-First: Eric M.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Author-Name: Louise C. Johns Author-X-Name-First: Louise C. Author-X-Name-Last: Johns Author-Name: Anne Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: Joseph E. Oliver Author-X-Name-First: Joseph E. Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver Title: “My voices are just part of me, they don’t own me”: a qualitative investigation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy groups for people experiencing psychosis Abstract: Background: This study aimed to generate a grounded theory of change processes as experienced by people with psychosis who engaged in an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) group program. A secondary aim was to identify how participants described changes in their relationship to distress following the groups.Methods: The study used a qualitative research methodology, grounded theory. This was used to explore emergent themes in the participants’ subjective experiences of group ACT delivered in community mental health services. The experience of the ACT group process was investigated for nine participants. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore how the group experience and the exercises, metaphors and skills promoted by ACT were used by participants in their daily lives.Results: There were four main themes emerging from the interviews: awareness, relating differently, reconnection with life, leaning on others.Conclusions: The participants all described experiencing subjective benefits from being involved in the ACT groups, along with perspectives on processes of change. These reports of changes were consistent with the model and extend our understanding of the lived experience of engaging in ACT for psychosis groups. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 195-208 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1870542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1870542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:195-208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Camille Girard Author-X-Name-First: Camille Author-X-Name-Last: Girard Author-Name: J. Éric Dubé Author-X-Name-First: J. Éric Author-X-Name-Last: Dubé Author-Name: Amal Abdel-Baki Author-X-Name-First: Amal Author-X-Name-Last: Abdel-Baki Author-Name: Clairélaine Ouellet-Plamondon Author-X-Name-First: Clairélaine Author-X-Name-Last: Ouellet-Plamondon Title: Off the beaten path: Adventure Therapy as an adjunct to early intervention for psychosis Abstract: Objectives: To describe the experience of Adventure Therapy (AT) in young adults with first-episode psychosis, and how it relates to their recovery process.Method: We conducted individual, semi-structured interviews with 15 participants, immediately following, and six months after a four-day adventure expedition. A thematic analysis was performed on all transcripts.Results: One overarching theme emerged from our analysis: a new or renewed experience of being in relation with oneself and with others. Under this broad theme, there were five key themes: (a) experiencing intense, yet contained emotions; (b) developing new perceptions of one’s abilities, qualities, or interests; (c) gaining new insights about oneself through the feedback of others; (d) experiencing positive social interactions; and (e) openly sharing with others one’s personal experience with psychosis. Various expressions of the impacts of AT on daily life and the recovery process also emerged, such as an increase in self-confidence.Conclusions: Since the recovery process has been conceived of as resting, in part, on a readjustment of one’s relation with oneself, others, and the world, AT appears to combine those factors pertaining to recovery. Therefore, the use of AT as an adjunct treatment in early intervention for psychosis could be effective in supporting recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 338-348 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1901301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1901301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:338-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anisha Vyas Author-X-Name-First: Anisha Author-X-Name-Last: Vyas Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Susan McPherson Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: McPherson Title: A qualitative exploration of stigma experiences of second-generation British South-Asian people using an early intervention in psychosis service Abstract: Background: Psychosis is known to be associated with high levels of public and internalised stigma, especially for those newly diagnosed. There is currently little know about the stigma experiences of second-generation British South-Asian people experiencing psychosis. This study aimed to explore the stigma experiences of this population who are using Early Intervention in Psychosis services.Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten British South-Asian adults who had received care from an Early Intervention in Psychosis Service in an urban and diverse area of London. Thematic Analysis was used to interpret findings.Results: Four themes and eleven sub-themes were developed from the data. The main themes were “the burden of silencing”, “unrecognised aspects of their situation by services”, “experience as the other” and “finding ways to cope”. Findings indicate that stigma manifests differently based on individual experiences, culture and multiple intersecting stigmatised characteristics such as race, religion and socio-economic status.Conclusion: Early Intervention in Psychosis Services should ensure a person’s cultural context and experiences of stigmatisation are considered in their care. Also, engagement of local South-Asian communities is needed to develop service provision which is more informed by the social and cultural needs, beliefs and experiences of this population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 302-314 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1897654 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1897654 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:302-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Dirk Corstens Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Corstens Author-Name: Melissa Pyle Author-X-Name-First: Melissa Author-X-Name-Last: Pyle Author-Name: Richard Emsley Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Emsley Author-Name: Sarah Peters Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Peters Author-Name: Nisha Chauhan Author-X-Name-First: Nisha Author-X-Name-Last: Chauhan Author-Name: Nikki Dehmahdi Author-X-Name-First: Nikki Author-X-Name-Last: Dehmahdi Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Engaging dialogically with auditory hallucinations: design, rationale and baseline sample characteristics of the Talking With Voices pilot trial Abstract: Aims: The Talking With Voices pilot trial assesses feasibility and acceptability of a novel dialogical intervention to ameliorate distress associated with auditory hallucinations. The results will inform a definitive randomised trial to assess clinical and cost-effectiveness of the intervention.Method: The trial is single-site with a single-blind (rater) design in which adult participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder are randomised to receive either treatment as usual (TAU), or TAU plus up to 26 sessions of Talking With Voices therapy over six months. Participants are assessed at baseline and again at six-month follow-up. The primary outcomes are quantitative and qualitative assessments of feasibility and acceptability amongst patients and healthcare staff. Secondary outcomes will involve clinical measures, including targeted instruments for voice hearing, dissociation, and emotional distress.Results: Recruitment figures and baseline characteristics of the sample are reported (N=50).Conclusions: The Talking With Voices pilot trial aims to extend the evidence-base for interventions which use techniques such as dialogue, formulation and trauma-informed working to improve relationships between hearer and voice. Current findings demonstrate that recruitment and treatment allocation targets were met. If shown to be acceptable, the intervention may provide new therapeutic options for voice hearers with a diagnosis of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 315-326 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1884740 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1884740 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:315-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisa Marie Grünwald Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Grünwald Author-Name: Jemima Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Jemima Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Title: Re-starting the conversation: improving shared decision making in antipsychotic prescribing Abstract: Shared Decision-Making (SDM) is one of the key components of patient-centred care. People diagnosed with schizophrenia/psychosis still face significant barriers to achieving this, particularly when it comes to antipsychotic medication prescribing. These barriers include issues such as stigma, feelings of coercion and lack of information. Clinicians also describe barriers to achieving SDM in antipsychotic prescribing, including a lack of training and support. In this viewpoint article, we provide a summary of these barriers from the perspectives of both service users and clinicians based. We suggest that, to make a practical first step towards achieving SDM, the conversation around antipsychotic prescribing needs to be re-started. However, the onus to do this should not be placed solely on the shoulders of Service Users. More research is needed to address this issue. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 373-377 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1903979 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1903979 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:373-377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emma Tseris Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Tseris Author-Name: Margreet de Pater Author-X-Name-First: Margreet Author-X-Name-Last: de Pater Title: Open dialogue for psychosis: organizing mental health services to prioritize dialogue, relationship and meaning Journal: Psychosis Pages: 378-379 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1986742 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1986742 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:378-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Olav Johannessen Author-X-Name-First: Jan Olav Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen Author-Name: Inge Joa Author-X-Name-First: Inge Author-X-Name-Last: Joa Title: Modern understanding of psychosis: from brain disease to stress disorder. And some other important aspects of psychosis… Abstract: In this editorial we try to summarise how we, in 2021, understand mental disorders in general, and psychoses in particular. We have tried to write it in a language that is understandable for our readers, including patients, relatives, students and professionals, without reducing its scientific validity or basis. During the last decade we have gained new insight in these disorders, and most textbooks are outdated and convey an old-fashioned understanding of the causes, the possible courses and the treatments needed for serious mental suffering. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 289-301 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1985162 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1985162 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:289-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christina Seery Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Seery Author-Name: Jessica Bramham Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Author-X-Name-Last: Bramham Author-Name: Cliódhna O’Connor Author-X-Name-First: Cliódhna Author-X-Name-Last: O’Connor Title: Effects of a psychiatric diagnosis vs a clinical formulation on lay attitudes to people with psychosis Abstract: Background: Limited research has investigated whether replacing psychiatric diagnosis with psychological formulation-based approaches has implications for lay attitudes to mental health. The present study investigates experimentally whether presenting psychosis in terms of a schizophrenia diagnosis vs. formulation narrative affects stigma and treatment attitudes in the general public.Method: The study employed a between-groups experimental vignette design, with data collected online. 351 participants (64.1% female, aged 18–66,) read a vignette about a person experiencing psychosis, defined with either a diagnosis of schizophrenia or a narrative-based formulation. Participants completed a battery of scales measuring their attitudes to the vignette character (social distance, attribution, recommended treatment options, mental help-seeking attitudes).Results: Desired social distance was significantly greater in participants exposed to the diagnostic label of schizophrenia. The schizophrenia label led participants to rate medical care as significantly more helpful relative to the formulation condition but did not affect ratings of specialist or community care or mental help-seeking attitudes.Conclusions: These findings suggest that a psychological formulation approach may slightly lessen stigma-related attitudes, relative to traditional diagnostic systems. Popularisation of formulation models need not compromise general orientations to help-seeking or perceived helpfulness of specialist care but may lead to less medicalised treatment preferences. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 361-372 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1901302 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1901302 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:361-372 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feten Fekih-Romdhane Author-X-Name-First: Feten Author-X-Name-Last: Fekih-Romdhane Author-Name: Hadhami Sassi Author-X-Name-First: Hadhami Author-X-Name-Last: Sassi Author-Name: Majda Cheour Author-X-Name-First: Majda Author-X-Name-Last: Cheour Title: The relationship between social media addiction and psychotic-like experiences in a large nonclinical student sample Abstract: Background: The use of social media networks has grown exponentially in the past decade. These forms of communication are concerning when considering mental health. There has been very little research to inform our understanding of how social media addiction (SMA) may relate to mental illness.Aims: We aimed to examine the link between SMA and Psychotic-Like Experiences (PLEs) in a sample of nonclinical Tunisian youth.Methods: The Positive Subscale of Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences and the Arabic Social Media Addiction Scale (ASMAS) were administered to a total of 1007 college students (64.6% female; mean age = 21.9).Results: The majority of students (86.4%) spent their free time on the internet, and 98.5% reported regular use of social media networks. After controlling for demographic variables (gender, age) and substance use, the number of hours of social media use per day and the social consequences dimension of the ASMAS contributed significantly to the prediction of positive PLEs (bizarre experiences, perceptual abnormalities, persecutory ideation and magical thinking).Conclusions: Our results build on previous literature that mainly focused on general internet use, and consistently indicated an association between SMA and PLEs. SMA may be an important target for early intervention in psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 349-360 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1861074 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1861074 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:349-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Phoebe Friesen Author-X-Name-First: Phoebe Author-X-Name-Last: Friesen Author-Name: Jordan Goldstein Author-X-Name-First: Jordan Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstein Author-Name: Lisa Dixon Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon Title: A “blip in the road”: experiences of identity after a first episode of psychosis Abstract: Introduction: Psychosis can affect identity in fundamental ways. Increasingly, those experiencing psychosis for the first time are enrolled in early intervention services. We sought to explore how individuals enrolled in such services felt their identity was impacted by their experience of psychosis.Methods: In-depth interviews exploring themes related to identity and psychosis were conducted with 10 participants from two early intervention services in New York City.Findings: The experience of psychosis alienated many participants from themselves, although participants differed in whether these experiences were meaningful to their self-understanding. Participants also varied in how they sought to explain their experiences of psychosis; some participants questioned their diagnoses and the explanations offered to them, whereas others tried to negotiate between a clinical description of psychosis and their own understanding of their experiences. Many participants also experienced positive changes following their experience of psychosis, including greater maturity, empathy, and compassion.Discussion: Some participants appeared to take on recovery styles of both integrating and sealing-over in response to their experience of psychosis, while most participants’ reports were suggestive of post-traumatic growth. Several struggled to make sense of the explanatory frameworks offered to them, drawing from various explanatory frameworks in a form of bricolage. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 327-337 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1876159 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1876159 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:327-337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Natalie Femia Author-X-Name-First: Natalie Author-X-Name-Last: Femia Title: My Friend Fox Journal: Psychosis Pages: 379-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 13 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1991991 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1991991 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:379-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebeca Robles-García Author-X-Name-First: Rebeca Author-X-Name-Last: Robles-García Author-Name: Ana Fresán Author-X-Name-First: Ana Author-X-Name-Last: Fresán Author-Name: Tania Real Author-X-Name-First: Tania Author-X-Name-Last: Real Author-Name: Tecelli Domínguez-Martínez Author-X-Name-First: Tecelli Author-X-Name-Last: Domínguez-Martínez Author-Name: María Luisa Rascón Author-X-Name-First: María Luisa Author-X-Name-Last: Rascón Author-Name: Omar Hernández Author-X-Name-First: Omar Author-X-Name-Last: Hernández Author-Name: Carolina Muñoz Author-X-Name-First: Carolina Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz Author-Name: Alejandra González Author-X-Name-First: Alejandra Author-X-Name-Last: González Author-Name: Floriane Brunet Author-X-Name-First: Floriane Author-X-Name-Last: Brunet Author-Name: Antoine Balaige Author-X-Name-First: Antoine Author-X-Name-Last: Balaige Author-Name: Françoise Askevis-Leherpeux Author-X-Name-First: Françoise Author-X-Name-Last: Askevis-Leherpeux Author-Name: María Elena Medina-Mora Author-X-Name-First: María Elena Author-X-Name-Last: Medina-Mora Author-Name: Jean-Luc Roelandt Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Luc Author-X-Name-Last: Roelandt Title: Accessibility, acceptability, and adequacy of schizophrenia definition according to experts by experience: an ICD-11 field study of patients and relative caregivers in Mexico Abstract: BackgroundSchizophrenia diagnosis is associated with special communication difficulties between clinicians, service users and caregivers, which may hinder the therapeutic alliance, treatment compliance, and rehabilitation. A clinically useful psychiatric nosology should improve communication between all final users.MethodsTo evaluate the accessibility (vs. difficulty), acceptability (vs. related negative feelings) and adequacy (i.e. correspondence with the patient’s experience) of the terms proposed for ICD-11 schizophrenia diagnostic guidelines, interviews were conducted with 15 persons with a schizophrenia diagnosis and 15 caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia.ResultsThe ICD-11 terms that were most accessible for service users and caregivers were those most commonly experienced by patients (such as delusions and hallucinations). However, many less frequent features were not understood by a high percentage of participants, and most terms had negative connotations for both service users and caregivers, including the label for the “schizophrenia” disorder. Specific suggestions of more neutral, colloquial terms were proposed by participants.DiscussionThe jargon in the current psychiatric classifications for schizophrenia has little heuristic value for service users and their caregivers in terms of accessibility or acceptability, highlighting the need for nosological systems’ co-development with experts by experience to change language that is confusing or unacceptable to them. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 34-45 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1807591 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1807591 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:34-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gail A. Hornstein Author-X-Name-First: Gail A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hornstein Author-Name: Alison Branitsky Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Branitsky Author-Name: Emily Robinson Putnam Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Putnam Title: The diverse functions of hearing voices peer-support groups: findings and case examples from a US national study Abstract: BackgroundHearing voices peer-support groups (HVGs) enable people coping with voices, visions, or other unshared perceptual experiences to explore the particularities and potential meanings of their experiences while receiving support from others facing similar challenges. HVGs have now spread to 30 countries on five continents, and many members report profound life changes as a result of participating. Yet systematic research exploring how and why these groups work is still in its early stages.MethodsTo understand the diverse functions that HVGs can serve, we analyzed the experiences of 111 group members across the US, who provided detailed accounts of their voice-hearing histories and group participation in a questionnaire. Our collaborative team of voice hearers and researchers used phenomenological and thematic analyses.ResultsThe key elements that make HVGs distinctive include their prioritizing of self-determination; de-emphasizing behavioral targets or pressure to change; respecting and welcoming multiple frameworks of understanding; cultivating curiosity about perplexing experience in any form; and fostering egalitarian collaboration and genuine relationships among members seen as “experts by experience.”DiscussionWe illustrate the dynamic relations among these elements through case examples, and then outline comparisons between HVGs and other types of groups, as well as directions for future research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 46-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1897653 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1897653 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:46-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katherine Eisen Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Eisen Author-Name: Neda Kharrazi Author-X-Name-First: Neda Author-X-Name-Last: Kharrazi Author-Name: Alix Simonson Author-X-Name-First: Alix Author-X-Name-Last: Simonson Author-Name: Melanie Lean Author-X-Name-First: Melanie Author-X-Name-Last: Lean Author-Name: Kate Hardy Author-X-Name-First: Kate Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy Title: Training inpatient psychiatric nurses and staff to utilize CBTp informed skills in an acute inpatient psychiatric setting Abstract: BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a novel, brief CBTp-informed skills training, called Positive Practices for working with Psychosis (PPP), on recovery-orientation of frontline inpatient psychiatric staff, and on staff knowledge of and confidence using skills informed by Cognitive Behavior Therapy for psychosis.MethodsTwenty five providers participated in 12 hours of PPP training. We examined changes in providers’ skills in delivering recovery-oriented care (focusing on skills advocacy, evidence based practice, stigma, optimism, and client preference), and providers’ knowledge of, and confidence in using CBTp informed skills, using the Competency Assessment Instrument (CAI) and the Knowledge and Confidence Using CBTp Skills Scale (KC-CBTp).Resultswere analyzed using paired-sample t-tests. Results: Significant gains (p < .001) in self-rated knowledge and confidence using CBTp skills were seen on 8 of 9 domains measured. On the CAI, significant gain in optimism was seen (p = .004).DiscussionBrief CBTp informed PPP training is a potential intervention for frontline staff, associated with significant gains in knowledge of, and confidence in using, evidence based CBTp-informed skills, and increased optimism in attitudes towards recovery. Limited change on recovery based competencies of staff was seen in other domains and requires further investigation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 70-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1930118 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1930118 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:70-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charlotte Phillips Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips Author-Name: Sara Tai Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Tai Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: Experiences of acute mental health inpatient care in the UK: from admission to readmission Abstract: BackgroundIndividuals experiencing psychosis are often admitted to acute mental health wards. There is increasing pressure to reduce readmission rates, by enhancing the effectiveness of care.MethodsEight service users with experiences of psychosis were interviewed about the support provided by mental services before, during and after acute mental health inpatients admissions in the UK.ResultsAll participants had at least one other admission to an acute mental health ward in the preceding six months. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three themes were identified: 1) Quality of therapeutic relationships, 2) Adjusting to sudden shifts in care, 3) Struggling without the ward environment. Although participants acknowledged positive care experiences within their narratives, significant challenges were evident in the abilities of services to effectively meet service users’ needs across the care pathway.DiscussionFindings highlight the importance of consistent support centred on service users’ needs at all stages of care. Service users need support to build autonomy and coping skills to sustain meaningful recovery within the community and reduce the likelihood of readmission. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 22-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1881596 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1881596 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:22-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emilio López-Navarro Author-X-Name-First: Emilio Author-X-Name-Last: López-Navarro Author-Name: Susana Al-Halabí Author-X-Name-First: Susana Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Halabí Title: Effects of mindfulness on psychotic symptoms: insights from a randomized clinical trial Abstract: BackgroundMindfulness has been found to be a helpful approach for some peole who experience psychosis.MethodsWe used data from a prior exploratory clinical trial, to compare the effects on psychotic symptoms of six months of standard psychiatric rehabilitation versus six months of standard psychiatric rehabilitation combined with weekly mindfulness sessions. 52 patients from a community rehabilitation center were randomly allocated to Integrated Rehabilitation Treatment (IRT) or IRT enhanced with Mindfulness Based Interventions (IRT+MBI). Measures comprised a clinical record form and the PANSS interview scored according to the five-factor model of Wallwork. Raters were blinded to treatment allocation.ResultsBoth groups reduced their scores in the Depression factor (IRT+MBI: F = 5.29, p = .026, Ƞ2 = .096, IRT: F = 4.51, p = .039, Ƞ2 = .083), IRT+MBI also reduced their scores in the Negative (F = 32.21, p < .001, Ƞ2 = .392) and Excited (F = 4.87, p = .032, Ƞ2 = .089) factors. Simple effect analysis at post-treatment showed significant differences in the Negative factor in favor of IRT+MBI (F = 4.67, p = .035, Ƞ2 = .085).DiscussionMindfulness did not increase the frequency of positive symptoms but it did reduce negative symptoms. The lack of an effective treatment for negative psychotic symptoms underscores the clinical importance of the findings. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 93-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1889649 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1889649 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:93-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavan S. Brar Author-X-Name-First: Pavan S. Author-X-Name-Last: Brar Author-Name: Louis Sass Author-X-Name-First: Louis Author-X-Name-Last: Sass Author-Name: Donna Beck Author-X-Name-First: Donna Author-X-Name-Last: Beck Author-Name: Melissa A. Kalarchian Author-X-Name-First: Melissa A. Author-X-Name-Last: Kalarchian Title: Metacognitive training for schizophrenia: a scoping review and phenomenological evaluation Abstract: BackgroundThis paper explores a possible dialogue between Metacognitive Training (MCT) for psychosis and the tradition of phenomenological psychopathol-ogy. MCT includes modules targeting cognitive and affective biases that are purported to be key mechanisms in the generation and maintenance of delusions in schizophrenia. Work in phenomenological psychopathology has also considered underlying psychological processes associated with delusions, emphasizing how distinct types of anomalous experiences may act as pathways to different types of delusions. Phenomenology’s emphasis on the variety of delusional experiences suggests the importance of considering whether particular modules of MCT might be especially suited to the treatment of specific delusion types.MethodsA scoping review was used to determine whether module-specific effects on specific types of delusions occurring in SchizophreniaSpectrum Disorders (SSD) have been examined in research on MCT.ResultsResults suggest that although some module-specific research exists, the heterogeneity of delusions has not been fully considered in MCT research.DiscussionWe offer examples of possible ways in which particular MCT modules may be differentially effective, and we advocate placing greater focus on the phenomenology and measurement of different types of delusions in future research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-21 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1918753 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1918753 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:1-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan J. Marsh Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan J. Author-X-Name-Last: Marsh Author-Name: Zui Narita Author-X-Name-First: Zui Author-X-Name-Last: Narita Author-Name: Fuhua Zhai Author-X-Name-First: Fuhua Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai Author-Name: Lisa Fedina Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Fedina Author-Name: Jason Schiffman Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Schiffman Author-Name: Jordan DeVylder Author-X-Name-First: Jordan Author-X-Name-Last: DeVylder Title: Violence exposure, psychotic experiences, and social disconnection in an urban community sample Abstract: BackgroundPsychotic experiences (PEs) occur in the general population, serving as indicators of vulnerability to psychotic disorders and other mental and physical concerns. Environmental stressors, including violence exposure and social disconnection are associated with PEs, although the exact nature of these relations is unknown.MethodsData were drawn from an online community sample of 1,000 adults (476 male) residing in Baltimore or New York City. Binary logistic regression and mediation analyses were used to examine associations between PEs, violence exposure (adverse childhood experiences; intimate partner violence), and social disconnectedness (personal; neighborhood).ResultsPersonal social disconnectedness was significantly associated with delusional mood (p < .001). Neighborhood social disconnectedness was significantly associated with delusional mood (p < .01), delusions of reference and persecution (p < .001), delusions of control (p < .01), and hallucinations (p < .01). Both subtypes of violence exposure were found to have significant direct effects on PEs (p < .001). Personal social disconnectedness accounted for 6.72-7.87% of the total effect of violence exposure on PEs, whereas neighborhood social disconnectedness was found to account for 5.14-6.74% of the total effect.DiscussionThe results advance understandings of prominent environmental risks for psychosis, and offer new implications for public health consideration of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 57-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1907774 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1907774 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:57-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fatemeh Mirzaei Poueenak Author-X-Name-First: Fatemeh Author-X-Name-Last: Mirzaei Poueenak Author-Name: Nikzad Ghanbari Pirkashani Author-X-Name-First: Nikzad Author-X-Name-Last: Ghanbari Pirkashani Author-Name: Roghieh Nooripour Author-X-Name-First: Roghieh Author-X-Name-Last: Nooripour Author-Name: Seyed Ruhollah Hosseini Author-X-Name-First: Seyed Ruhollah Author-X-Name-Last: Hosseini Author-Name: Mohammadreza Mazloomzadeh Author-X-Name-First: Mohammadreza Author-X-Name-Last: Mazloomzadeh Author-Name: Milad Shirkhani Author-X-Name-First: Milad Author-X-Name-Last: Shirkhani Title: Psychometric validation of the Persian version of the community assessment of psychotic experiences-42 (CAPE-42) in Iranian college students Abstract: BackgroundPsychotic-like experiences are common in the non-clinical population, but the fact that they are often neglected can lead to even more serious problems. The present study assessed the psychometric validation of the Persian version of the Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences (CAPE-42).Methods909 Iranian individuals participated in the study, completing the CAPE-42, as the confirmatory factor analysis was applied to assess the validity of the scale construct. The Pearson correlation coefficient Scale validity was estimated based on self-report measures for depression as well as positive and negative symptoms.ResultsThe result of the Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the relevance of the fitness of the current model with the three subscales (RMSEA =.077, SRMR =.09, CFI =.95, NFI =.94, PNFI =.9, IFI = 95, RFI =.94). Cronbach’s alpha for total score was 0.93, and for positive, negative, and depressive factors stood at 0.91, 0.71, and 0.88, respectively. There was a significant correlation among CAPE-42 25 scores and components of the Peters ?40 Delusions Inventory (PDI-40) and DASS-21.DiscussionThe Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences scale was useful in assessing the psychotic experience in the non-clinical population especially Iranian non-clinical population, who were the subject of the research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 81-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1861075 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2020.1861075 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:81-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jakub Januška Author-X-Name-First: Jakub Author-X-Name-Last: Januška Author-Name: Alexandra Straková Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Author-X-Name-Last: Straková Author-Name: Michal Turček Author-X-Name-First: Michal Author-X-Name-Last: Turček Author-Name: Barbora Vašečková Author-X-Name-First: Barbora Author-X-Name-Last: Vašečková Author-Name: Ľubica Forgáčová Author-X-Name-First: Ľubica Author-X-Name-Last: Forgáčová Author-Name: Anton Heretik Author-X-Name-First: Anton Author-X-Name-Last: Heretik Author-Name: Ján Pečeňák Author-X-Name-First: Ján Author-X-Name-Last: Pečeňák Author-Name: Michal Hajdúk Author-X-Name-First: Michal Author-X-Name-Last: Hajdúk Title: Reliability and discriminant validity of the Slovak version of the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) in a student sample Abstract: BackgroundThe Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ) is a widely used measure for psychosis risk assessment. The primary aim of this study is to examine the reliability and discriminant validity of the Slovak version of the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) in a sample of university students.MethodsA sample of 1276 (75% female) university students completed a cross-sectional online survey consisting of a large battery of scales measuring psychopathology, social functioning, and well-being. The mean age was M = 22.59 and SD = 3.94.ResultsOn a bivariate level, the prodromal symptoms severity measured by the PQ-16 was associated with depression, anxiety, lower well-being, and more severe problems in social functioning. The PQ-16 explained a significant variability of social functioning above and beyond the effect of depression and anxiety. Results revealed sufficient internal reliability (α = 0.774 and ω = 0.761) of the scale.DiscussionThe Slovak version of the PQ-16 has sound reliability and shows an adequate pattern of association with depression, anxiety, and social functioning. These promising findings need to be replicated on an independent sample of help-seeking individuals or a high-risk population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 131-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1907773 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1907773 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:131-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaynna N. Herrera Author-X-Name-First: Shaynna N. Author-X-Name-Last: Herrera Author-Name: Cansu Sarac Author-X-Name-First: Cansu Author-X-Name-Last: Sarac Author-Name: Zarina R. Bilgrami Author-X-Name-First: Zarina R. Author-X-Name-Last: Bilgrami Author-Name: Matthew F. Dobbs Author-X-Name-First: Matthew F. Author-X-Name-Last: Dobbs Author-Name: Rachel Jespersen Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Jespersen Author-Name: Shalaila S. Haas Author-X-Name-First: Shalaila S. Author-X-Name-Last: Haas Author-Name: Sahil Garg Author-X-Name-First: Sahil Author-X-Name-Last: Garg Author-Name: Riaz B. Shaik Author-X-Name-First: Riaz B. Author-X-Name-Last: Shaik Author-Name: Yulia Landa Author-X-Name-First: Yulia Author-X-Name-Last: Landa Author-Name: Cheryl M. Corcoran Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl M. Author-X-Name-Last: Corcoran Title: A case report and first-person account of an individual at risk for psychosis who improved during the COVID-19 pandemic Abstract: BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is expected to increase stress and mental health symptoms. We present the case of a young man at risk for psychosis who has paradoxically shown symptomatic and functional improvement as a result of circumstances produced by COVID-19. These changes were unexpected given the client’s persistent mental health struggles in the year leading up to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States and the expectation of an exacerbation of psychotic-like symptoms.MethodsThis report is based on clinical assessments and the client’s first-person account during the height of the pandemic when stay at home orders were in place.ResultsDuring the pandemic, the client demonstrated increased agency by taking on more responsibility at home and obtaining part-time employment. He showed improvement in his mood and relationships with others, had less symptom-related distress, and significantly reduced his cannabis use. The client interpreted these improvements in terms of changing his mindset toward more adaptive thoughts and engaging in healthy coping skills such as praying, reading, and healthy eating.DiscussionThis case highlights the importance of fostering agency in clients during a time of crisis and ensuring that clinicians be aware of potential biases about mental health symptom exacerbation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 190-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1915369 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1915369 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:190-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy V. Armstrong Author-X-Name-First: Lucy V. Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong Author-Name: Lorna Hogg Author-X-Name-First: Lorna Author-X-Name-Last: Hogg Author-Name: Pamela Jacobsen Author-X-Name-First: Pamela Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobsen Title: Do voice-hearing assessment measures capture the positive experiences of individuals, and to what extent? A systematic review of published assessment measures Abstract: BackgroundMany individuals have positive experiences of voice-hearing (VH). However, current assessment tools do not capture positive aspects of VH as comprehensively as they do negative aspects. This may limit assessment and formulation of VH when people seek support from mental health services. Our review question was therefore:- ‘Do voice-hearing assessment measures capture the positive experiences of individuals, and to what extent?’MethodWe conducted a systematic review of assessment measures which included at least one item on VH. We developed a novel framework to define “positive VH experiences”, which was co-produced by clinical experts in psychosis and people with VH experiences. This framework was then used to identify and map items relating to positive aspects of VH.ResultsThirty-three measures were identified, of which twenty incorporated positive VH experiences. Measures published within the last decade (2009-2019) captured a greater number and diversity of positive VH experiences, compared to measures published prior to 2009. Items relating to the function/intention of voices and the emotional impact, were most commonly identified.DiscussionResults suggest that research perceptions around VH are broadening and the nuances of experiences are increasingly considered alongside everyday and positive psychological functioning. Implications for both services and voice-hearers are discussed in the paper. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 176-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1924242 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1924242 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:176-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca Harris Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: Tess Maguire Author-X-Name-First: Tess Author-X-Name-Last: Maguire Author-Name: Katherine Newman-Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Newman-Taylor Title: What do trainee cognitive behavioural therapists need from clinical supervision to develop their skills in working with people with psychosis? A qualitative analysis Abstract: BackgroundClinical supervision is assumed to be essential to the development of competent psychological therapists. While the evidence for effective psychological therapy training remains sparse, there is some support for the role of supervision and the experiential learning cycle in trainees’ progression. Despite a growing demand for cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp), no research has investigated the components of CBTp supervision necessary for skilful therapeutic practice.MethodsWe completed a qualitative thematic analysis of 385 supervision questions from 11 trainee CBTp therapists.ResultsThe analysis yielded three main themes – knowledge/content (What?) questions; procedure/process (How?) questions; and course requirements/assessment methods (Training) questions. What? questions decreased over the 20 weeks of supervision, How? questions were raised throughout, and Training questions increased prior to academic deadlines. The thematic analysis also showed that active experimentation (the final stage of the experiential learning cycle) may be omitted from supervisory practice.DiscussionThese results indicate that CBTp supervision should prioritise knowledge, procedural learning and active experimentation, in training therapists to deliver high quality CBT for people with psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 120-130 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1924243 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1924243 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:120-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Minna Lyons Author-X-Name-First: Minna Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons Author-Name: Roberto Berrios Author-X-Name-First: Roberto Author-X-Name-Last: Berrios Author-Name: Jorge Castro Author-X-Name-First: Jorge Author-X-Name-Last: Castro Author-Name: Sara Castro Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Castro Author-Name: Ross G. White Author-X-Name-First: Ross G. Author-X-Name-Last: White Author-Name: Helen Brooks Author-X-Name-First: Helen Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks Title: A qualitative exploration of the acceptability of a cognitive behavioural therapy self-help book for people with psychosis in Nicaragua Abstract: BackgroundCognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) self-help interventions have become a popular tool in High-Income Countries (HIC) to support people living with psychosis. There is limited research of this in Low– and Middle-Income Country (LMIC) contexts. We report findings of a qualitative investigation of a self-help book for psychosis in Nicaragua in Central America.MethodsTen service users who self-identified as having psychosis were recruited from a mental health non-governmental organisation (NGO). Participants were given a Spanish version of a popular self-help book developed in the UK. They had four weeks to familiarise themselves with the book. Following this, we asked participants about their experiences of the book via an open ended questionnaire and a focus group discussion.ResultsWe conducted an inductive content analysis on the data. Evaluations of the book were positive. The book was considered easy to understand. The exercises were useful for coping with symptoms, as well as for recognising and managing relapse. Case studies were perceived useful in terms of reducing stigma and promoting self-acceptance.DiscussionThe data highlight potential acceptability of CBT self-help books in the Nicaraguan context. We make recommendations for further research and evaluation to build on this signal of acceptability. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 143-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1912814 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1912814 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:143-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Avraham Friedlander Author-X-Name-First: Avraham Author-X-Name-Last: Friedlander Author-Name: Dana Tzur Bitan Author-X-Name-First: Dana Author-X-Name-Last: Tzur Bitan Author-Name: Pesach Lichtenberg Author-X-Name-First: Pesach Author-X-Name-Last: Lichtenberg Title: The Soteria model: implementing an alternative to acute psychiatric hospitalization in Israel Abstract: BackgroundSince 2016, Soteria homes have been operating in Israel. In this report we describe the implementation of the model.MethodsData for 486 residents staying in one of three Soteria homes from 2016 through 2020 are presented. The model, and necessary modifications, are discussed.ResultsThe majority of the residents in the Soteria homes suffered from psychotic (41.3%) or bipolar disorder (20.9%) and were of a mean age of 34.5 (SD = 12.83). While operating according to the principles of Soteria, adaptations had to be made. The homes used professional staff as well as companions. Accepting a wide range of residents exposed the home to situations of violent behaviour which required adjustment in admission policy. Work with insurers limited the possible length of stay. Financial constraints expanded the home capacity to 10 residents, while limiting work shifts to 12 hours. Cultural considerations led to the establishment of single-gender homes.DiscussionSoteria homes can be a viable component of publicly-funded mental health care systems. The implementation of the Soteria model can provide important lessons for the future development of a professional and humane mental health care service – not as an alternative, but as an integral part of the system. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 99-108 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2057578 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2057578 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:99-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Natalie Femia Author-X-Name-First: Natalie Author-X-Name-Last: Femia Title: The Practical Handbook of Hearing Voices Journal: Psychosis Pages: 201-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2006764 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2006764 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:201-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bradley Jones Author-X-Name-First: Bradley Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Pamela Jacobsen Author-X-Name-First: Pamela Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobsen Title: Mental health professionals’ attitudes and knowledge about hearing voices groups Abstract: BackgroundAn initiative was proposed to integrate local Hearing Voices Groups within statutory adult mental health services in a particular NHS Trust. The aim of this service evaluation was to assess clinician’s attitudes towards, and understandings, of the groups to better inform the proposal.MethodsMulti-disciplinary NHS staff members were invited to participate in a brief survey on their attitudes towards and understanding about Hearing Voices Groups. The survey was co-produced with people with lived experience of hearing voices, and local mental health professionals. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from an additional free text section of the survey.ResultsForty mental health professionals responded to the survey. There was majority agreement (>50% agreement) on all items related to perceived benefit of Hearing Voices Groups. The findings also showed that only 25% of respondents felt that they were aware of the evidence base for Hearing Voices Groups and only 30% felt confident explaining Hearing Voices Groups to service users.DiscussionThe data suggest that the majority of mental health professionals hold positive attitudes towards Hearing Voices Groups. However, many expressed uncertainty about the evidence base and discussing the groups with service users, highlighting further training needs in these areas. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 153-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1936142 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1936142 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:153-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alison Bennetts Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Bennetts Author-Name: Lusia Stopa Author-X-Name-First: Lusia Author-X-Name-Last: Stopa Author-Name: Katherine Newman-Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Newman-Taylor Title: What can experimental studies tell us about paranoia and anxiety? A systematic review with implications for theory and clinical practice Abstract: BackgroundPsychosis is one of the most disabling and costly long-term conditions, and treatment outcomes remain modest. Interventions focused on specific symptoms, such as paranoia, show promise and typically target cognitive and behavioural maintenance processes. Anxiety is implicated in theories of paranoia; however, the nature of the relationship remains unclear. We review experimental studies of paranoia and anxiety against existing cognitive models.MethodA systematic review strategy identified experimental studies assessing levels of anxiety and paranoia. Papers were assessed for quality, and data relating to samples, measures, designs and key findings were extracted and narratively synthesised.ResultsNineteen studies met criteria for the review. Most found that manipulations impacting anxiety also impacted paranoia, with preliminary evidence for a causal relationship. The overall quality of the research was weak.DiscussionWe recommend a research agenda to confirm initial evidence for the causal role of anxiety in increased paranoia, and whether targeting affect, in addition to cognitive and behavioural maintenance processes, improves outcomes in clinical groups and those at risk of psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 162-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1909112 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1909112 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:162-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francoise Davoine Author-X-Name-First: Francoise Author-X-Name-Last: Davoine Title: Approche Psychotherapeutique des Psychosis (A psychotherapeutic approach to psychosis) Journal: Psychosis Pages: 200-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1985161 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1985161 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:200-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lindsay A. Bornheimer Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay A. Author-X-Name-Last: Bornheimer Author-Name: Victor Hong Author-X-Name-First: Victor Author-X-Name-Last: Hong Author-Name: Juliann Li Verdugo Author-X-Name-First: Juliann Author-X-Name-Last: Li Verdugo Author-Name: Lindsay Fernandez Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Author-Name: Cheryl A. King Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl A. Author-X-Name-Last: King Title: Relationships between hallucinations, delusions, depression, suicide ideation, and plan among adults presenting with psychosis in psychiatric emergency care Abstract: BackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of preventable death among adults diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Fewer studies have examined suicide thoughts and behaviors among community populations of adults with psychosis symptoms. The current study examined the relationships between psychosis symptomatology, depression, and suicide ideation and plan among a sample of adults in psychiatric emergency care.MethodsAn Electronic Medical Record Search Engine was used to obtain data from Psychiatric Emergency Services (PES) of an academic healthcare system in the United States. Patients included 712 adults who presented to PES from 2013 to 2020 with one or more symptom of psychosis and either suicide ideation or a recent suicide attempt. Data were examined in SPSS27 using logistic regressions.ResultsPatients were twice as likely to experience suicidal ideation when hallucinations were present and eight times more likely when depression was present. Also, patients were twice as likely to have a suicide plan when hallucinations were present and three-times more likely when depression was present. Delusions did not significantly relate to suicide ideation or plan.DiscussionStudy findings suggest the importance of incorporating positive symptom evaluations into suicide risk assessments and the formulation of risk among patients with psychosis symptoms. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 109-119 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1912815 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1912815 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:109-119 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1957993_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Gordon Kay Author-X-Name-First: Gordon Author-X-Name-Last: Kay Author-Name: Elizabeth Kendall Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Kendall Author-Name: Maddy Slattery Author-X-Name-First: Maddy Author-X-Name-Last: Slattery Author-Name: Justin Scott Author-X-Name-First: Justin Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Author-Name: Victoria Gore-Jones Author-X-Name-First: Victoria Author-X-Name-Last: Gore-Jones Author-Name: Frances Dark Author-X-Name-First: Frances Author-X-Name-Last: Dark Title: Results from a quasi-controlled trial of a “Coping with Voices” group. Part 2 Abstract: BackgroundThis is the second of two papers that investigated the effectiveness of a group-based program known as ‘Coping with Voices’. The first paper reported on the group facilitators experience of delivering the program. This second paper reports the findings from the participants.MethodOf the 61 participants that gave informed consent to participate in the study 19 did not attend a group, so this provided a natural quasi-control group. The study compared pre and post primary measures for the 42 participants who attended a group. 29 group attendees also provided qualitative data. Secondary measures were measured longitudinally for all 61 participants. Individuals who participated in the program were compared to those individuals who did not.ResultsFor the 42 voice hearers who attended Coping with Voices, the quantifiable data showed a significant reduction in negative beliefs about voices, voice severity, distress about voices and the perceived power of the voices. Participant feedback was overwhelmingly positive. The secondary measures show a significant reduction in the number of hospital admissions and an improvement in basis life skills for group attendees versus non-attendees at 12 months follow up.DiscussionOverall, these findings suggest ‘Coping with Voices’ is feasible, acceptable and worthwhile. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 259-269 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1957993 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1957993 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:259-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1942961_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Georgia Zamperoni Author-X-Name-First: Georgia Author-X-Name-Last: Zamperoni Author-Name: Erica Neill Author-X-Name-First: Erica Author-X-Name-Last: Neill Author-Name: Susan L. Rossell Author-X-Name-First: Susan L. Author-X-Name-Last: Rossell Author-Name: Eric J. Tan Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. Author-X-Name-Last: Tan Title: Delusion-like experiences are related to negative perceptions of self and others in non-clinical individuals Abstract: BackgroundDelusions are a core feature of psychosis and are thought to exist on a continuum from healthy individuals to clinical populations. This study examined the relationship between delusion-like experiences, using the Peters Delusional Inventory (PDI), and two aspects of personal worldview: core schemas (positive and negative views of the self and others) and locus of control (LOC).Methods258 healthy participants without a history of psychiatric illness completed an online survey assessing these constructs. Stepwise regression controlling for age and negative affect, revealed that negative self-schemas significantly predicted the presence of delusion–like experiences whilst negative schemas of others significantly predicted both the presence of delusion–like experiences and associated levels of distress and preoccupation.ResultsPositive schemas did not relate to delusions as measured by the PDI. Hierarchical regression demonstrated that LOC did not significantly predict delusion–like experiences.DiscussionThe findings highlight that negative schemas of others may be more critically related to delusional experiences than negative self-schemas. Replication in clinical samples is required, while some implications for future research and clinical interventions in prodromal psychosis are examined. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 203-214 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1942961 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1942961 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:203-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2056629_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Stevie Lewis Author-X-Name-First: Stevie Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis Title: Antidepressed: a breakthrough examination of epidemic antidepressant harm and dependence Journal: Psychosis Pages: 293-294 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2056629 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2056629 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:293-294 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1964583_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Peter Denno Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Denno Author-Name: Stephanie Wallis Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie Author-X-Name-Last: Wallis Author-Name: Kimberly Caldwell Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly Author-X-Name-Last: Caldwell Author-Name: Jonathan Ives Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Ives Author-Name: Stephen J. Wood Author-X-Name-First: Stephen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Matthew R. Broome Author-X-Name-First: Matthew R. Author-X-Name-Last: Broome Author-Name: Pavan Mallikarjun Author-X-Name-First: Pavan Author-X-Name-Last: Mallikarjun Author-Name: Femi Oyebode Author-X-Name-First: Femi Author-X-Name-Last: Oyebode Author-Name: Rachel Upthegrove Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Upthegrove Title: Listening to voices: understanding and self-management of auditory verbal hallucinations in young adults Abstract: BackgroundAuditory Verbal Hallucinations (AVH) are a hallmark of psychosis, but affect many other clinical populations. Patients’ understanding and self-management of AVH may differ between diagnostic groups, change over time, and influence clinical outcomes. This study aimed to explore patients’ understanding and self-management of AVH in a young adult clinical population.Methods35 participants were purposively sampled from a youth mental health service. Participants completed diary and photo-elicitation tasks, and the resulting materials were discussed at in-depth interviews. Themes were derived using conventional content analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged. (1) Searching for answers, forming identities – voice-hearers sought to explain their experiences, resulting in the construction of identities for voices and themselves. Explanations were drawn from participants’ life-stories and belief-systems. (2) Coping goals – patients’ self-management strategies were diverse, reflecting the diverse negative experience of AVH, e.g. as distressing sounds, overwhelming emotions, or as threats to agency. (3) Outlook – participants formed an overall outlook on their life with AVH. Resignation and hopelessness in connection with disabling AVH are contrasted with “acceptance” or integration, described as positive, ideal, or mature.DiscussionTrans-diagnostic commonalities in understanding and self-management of AVH are highlighted. These offer targets for individual therapies and further research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 281-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1964583 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1964583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:281-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1956575_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Gordon Kay Author-X-Name-First: Gordon Author-X-Name-Last: Kay Author-Name: Maddy Slattery Author-X-Name-First: Maddy Author-X-Name-Last: Slattery Author-Name: Elizabeth Kendall Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Kendall Title: The facilitators’ perspectives of delivering a ‘Coping with Voices’ group (Part 1) Abstract: BackgroundThis multi-site study evaluated facilitator perspectives of a group-based program that brings together the common elements of cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis (CBTp) with the knowledge and values of the peer led hearing voices networks (HVN). Twenty-two group facilitators were asked to complete a 58-item online survey which measured the usefulness, most important skills, benefits, acceptability and effectiveness of the Coping with Voices program.MethodsAligning with a mixed-methods approach the survey consisted of open and closed-ended questions. The closed-ended questions were analysed using descriptive analysis and open-ended questions were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe majority of facilitators reported the overall normalisation of voices and the use of a range of normalising strategies as the most useful aspects of the program. The most important skills used by facilitators were being understanding, non-judgemental and respectful and creating a safe space to discuss topics. The least important skills used by facilitators were using personal disclosure and motivational interviewing. Facilitators’ comments illustrated a strong interest in using digital technologies in the preparation and delivery of the program.DiscussionThis study contributes to a growing body of evidence that suggests hearing voices groups are beneficial, feasible and worthwhile. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 248-258 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1956575 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1956575 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:248-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1961010_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Savvina Mylona Author-X-Name-First: Savvina Author-X-Name-Last: Mylona Author-Name: Kalliopi Triantafyllou Author-X-Name-First: Kalliopi Author-X-Name-Last: Triantafyllou Author-Name: Katerina Papanikolaou Author-X-Name-First: Katerina Author-X-Name-Last: Papanikolaou Author-Name: Chara Tzavara Author-X-Name-First: Chara Author-X-Name-Last: Tzavara Author-Name: Niki Skopeliti Author-X-Name-First: Niki Author-X-Name-Last: Skopeliti Author-Name: Gerasimos Kolaitis Author-X-Name-First: Gerasimos Author-X-Name-Last: Kolaitis Title: Psychotic- like experiences (PLEs) and trauma in adolescents: the role of PLEs' persistence and distress in overall psychological burden Abstract: BackgroundPsychotic-like experiences (PLEs) have been recognized as having clinical relevance for predicting psychopathological outcomes. Adverse childhood experiences may contribute to the development of these experiences. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between trauma and PLEs and the role of PLEs’ persistence and accompanying distress in adolescents’ overall psychological burden.Methods71 adolescents (12–18 years) who were under institutional protection and a community sample of 48 adolescents completed the community assessment of psychic experience (CAPE), the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), and the traumatic events questionnaire.ResultsPrevious experience of more traumatic events was significantly associated with greater frequency (r= 0.29, p<0.01) and distress (r= 0.19, p<0.05) in positive dimension and greater frequency in depressive (r= 0.37, p<0.001) and CAPE’s total score (r= 0.31, p<0.01). There were significant positive correlations between CAPE’s total frequency and distress and total SDQ (r= 0.73, p<0.001; r= 0.31, p<0.01 respectively).DiscussionTraumatic events are related with more frequent and distressful PLEs. Accompanying distress and PLEs’ persistence were found to have an impact in adolescents’ psychological burden. Mental health professionals should carefully record any history of traumatic events in adolescents’ life, especially to those with frequent and distressing PLEs and vice-versa. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 270-280 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1961010 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1961010 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:270-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1945664_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Dagmara Mętel Author-X-Name-First: Dagmara Author-X-Name-Last: Mętel Author-Name: Andrzej Cechnicki Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej Author-X-Name-Last: Cechnicki Author-Name: Aleksandra Arciszewska-Leszczuk Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra Author-X-Name-Last: Arciszewska-Leszczuk Author-Name: Renata Pionke-Ubych Author-X-Name-First: Renata Author-X-Name-Last: Pionke-Ubych Author-Name: Martyna Krężołek Author-X-Name-First: Martyna Author-X-Name-Last: Krężołek Author-Name: Piotr Błądziński Author-X-Name-First: Piotr Author-X-Name-Last: Błądziński Author-Name: Dorota Frydecka Author-X-Name-First: Dorota Author-X-Name-Last: Frydecka Author-Name: Łukasz Gawęda Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz Author-X-Name-Last: Gawęda Title: Cognitive and personality predictors of trait resilience in young people with psychosis proneness: an exploratory study Abstract: BackgroundResilience has been increasingly recognized as a relevant area of research and clinical intervention in mental health. Although resilience is considered a putative protective factor against psychopathology development, its role in psychosis continuum disorders has been less frequently recognized.AimsTo examine neurocognitive and personality underpinnings of resilience in individuals prone to psychosis.Methods92 young adults were assessed with the battery of cognitive tests, TCI, CES-D, CAARMS, PQ-16, and CD-RISC-10. Linear regression was conducted to check, if resilience predicted the level of psychopathology. Correlational analysis was conducted to verify the relationships of resilience with neurocognitive and personality measures. A hierarchical multiple regression model was built to explain the predictors of resilience.ResultsLower resilience predicted higher severity of the total CAARMS score, but was not related to positive symptoms. Cognition, personality, and depressive symptoms affected resilience. The strongest predictor of resilience was the severity of depressive symptoms.DiscussionInterventions buffering resilience for psychosis-prone individuals should include therapeutic work on ego-strength and tasks mastering cognitive flexibility. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 215-226 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1945664 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1945664 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:215-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1948092_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Nienke Moernaut Author-X-Name-First: Nienke Author-X-Name-Last: Moernaut Author-Name: Juri Krivzov Author-X-Name-First: Juri Author-X-Name-Last: Krivzov Author-Name: Marie Lizon Author-X-Name-First: Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Lizon Author-Name: Jasper Feyaerts Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Feyaerts Author-Name: Stijn Vanheule Author-X-Name-First: Stijn Author-X-Name-Last: Vanheule Title: Negative symptoms in psychosis: failure and construction of narratives Abstract: BackgroundDespite considerable scientific interest in the negative symptoms of psychosis, the subjective dimension of these experiences has barely been studied.MethodsThis paper aims at addressing this shortcoming by means of an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of semi-structured interviews with 12 participants with a psychotic disorder.ResultsThe analysis yielded three major themes: 1) negative symptoms can be conceptualized as a failure of narratives to account for perplexing experiences participants are confronted with in psychosis; 2) negative symptoms challenge participants to make sense of them with meta-narratives; 3) participants highlight a withdrawn attitude towards life after psychosis.DiscussionThe standard characterization of negative symptoms as a loss of normal functioning should be revised, as this does not match participants’ subjective experiences. Negative symptoms rather represent hard to verbalize experiences. This difficulty of linguistic expression is not 20 a shortcoming of the person experiencing them, but characteristic of the experiences themselves. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 227-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1948092 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1948092 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:227-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1952296_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Zita Fekete Author-X-Name-First: Zita Author-X-Name-Last: Fekete Author-Name: Edit Vass Author-X-Name-First: Edit Author-X-Name-Last: Vass Author-Name: Ramóna Balajthy Author-X-Name-First: Ramóna Author-X-Name-Last: Balajthy Author-Name: Ünige Tana Author-X-Name-First: Ünige Author-X-Name-Last: Tana Author-Name: Attila Csaba Nagy Author-X-Name-First: Attila Csaba Author-X-Name-Last: Nagy Author-Name: Barnabás Oláh Author-X-Name-First: Barnabás Author-X-Name-Last: Oláh Author-Name: Ildikó Kuritárné Szabó Author-X-Name-First: Ildikó Author-X-Name-Last: Kuritárné Szabó Title: Basic demographic outcomes: additional findings of a single-blind, randomised, controlled trial on metacognitive training for psychosis Abstract: BackgroundEvidence of the effect of metacognitive and social cognitive impairment on the symptoms and functioning of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia led to the development of the Metacognitive Training. We hypothesise that improvement in these cognitive functions leads to less severe symptoms and to better adaptation to real-life social situations, which would be reflected in aspects of the patients’ demographic status.MethodWe report the additional findings of a randomised, controlled, single-blind study with a six-month follow-up period. We provided 36 patients with training to improve their metacognition and social cognition. The control group received treatment as usual. Symptom severity, measured by the PANSS scale, and demographic data were assessed at baseline and six months after the training.ResultsCompared to the control group, the intervention group showed less severe symptoms, and achieved more progress in demographic status. These steps may be statistically non-significant; yet, may represent crucial changes in some patients’ lives.DiscussionMetacognitive Training is not only an appropriate method to decrease symptom severity, but the training of metacognitive and social cognitive functions can also contribute to a better adaptation to real-life. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 237-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1952296 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1952296 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:237-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1971744_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Sarah L. Kopelovich Author-X-Name-First: Sarah L. Author-X-Name-Last: Kopelovich Author-Name: Elizabeth Nutting Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Nutting Author-Name: Jennifer Blank Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer Author-X-Name-Last: Blank Author-Name: Helen Teresa Buckland Author-X-Name-First: Helen Teresa Author-X-Name-Last: Buckland Author-Name: Clarence Spigner Author-X-Name-First: Clarence Author-X-Name-Last: Spigner Title: Preliminary point prevalence of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) training in the U.S. and Canada Abstract: BackgroundCognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is recommended by psychosis treatment guidelines in the U.S. and Canada, however accessibilty has not been systematically established and little is known about trainer or training characteristics in these countries. This paper represents the first effort to estimate the population of CBTp practitioners, characterize trainer qualifications and training practices, and calculate a CBTp accessibility estimate.MethodsWe oversampled from a known cluster of the target population and supplemented with chain-referral sampling. Respondents completed an online survey pertaining to workforce training conducted since 2005. An accessibility estimate was calculated using published disease prevalence data and national workforce census data.ResultsTwenty-five CBTp trainers completed the questionnaire. Respondents were predominantly white female psychologists in hospital or academic settings. Their estimates of practitioners trained in the past 15 years yielded a point prevalence of 0.57% of the combined mental health workforce, corresponding to 11.5–22.8 CBTp-trained providers for every 10,000 people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Survey results showed several differences in training approaches, settings, and funders.DiscussionThis preliminary study suggests that CBTp remains inaccessible across these two countries. Future studies should refine the sampling methods to provide a more robust prevalence estimate within each country. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 344-354 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1971744 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1971744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:344-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1978530_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Ghizlane Moussaoui Author-X-Name-First: Ghizlane Author-X-Name-Last: Moussaoui Author-Name: Christina Rigas Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Rigas Author-Name: Sophia Escobar Author-X-Name-First: Sophia Author-X-Name-Last: Escobar Author-Name: S. Gabriela Torres-Platas Author-X-Name-First: S. Gabriela Author-X-Name-Last: Torres-Platas Author-Name: Saulo Castel Author-X-Name-First: Saulo Author-X-Name-Last: Castel Author-Name: Michelle Yang Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Joseph Inhaber Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Inhaber Author-Name: Julia Novielli Author-X-Name-First: Julia Author-X-Name-Last: Novielli Author-Name: Juliana Van Amsterdam Author-X-Name-First: Juliana Author-X-Name-Last: Van Amsterdam Author-Name: Neeti Sasi Author-X-Name-First: Neeti Author-X-Name-Last: Sasi Author-Name: Angela Potes Author-X-Name-First: Angela Author-X-Name-Last: Potes Author-Name: Katerina Nikolitch Author-X-Name-First: Katerina Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolitch Author-Name: Romeo Penheiro Author-X-Name-First: Romeo Author-X-Name-Last: Penheiro Author-Name: Karl Looper Author-X-Name-First: Karl Author-X-Name-Last: Looper Author-Name: Marilyn Segal Author-X-Name-First: Marilyn Author-X-Name-Last: Segal Author-Name: Dominique Elie Author-X-Name-First: Dominique Author-X-Name-Last: Elie Author-Name: Alex Kiss Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: Kiss Author-Name: Steven Selchen Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Selchen Author-Name: Nathan Hermann Author-X-Name-First: Nathan Author-X-Name-Last: Hermann Author-Name: Harmehr Sekhon Author-X-Name-First: Harmehr Author-X-Name-Last: Sekhon Author-Name: Soham Rej Author-X-Name-First: Soham Author-X-Name-Last: Rej Title: Brief mindfulness-oriented interventions (MOIs) to improve psychiatric symptoms in a psychiatric inpatient unit: a randomized controlled feasibility trial Abstract: BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions are effective in treating numerous psychiatric symptoms, but data about brief mindfulness-oriented intervention (MOI) use with psychiatric inpatients are limited. We investigated whether a brief MOI was feasible and effective in reducing psychosis and other symptoms in a psychiatric inpatient unit.MethodsIn an assessor-blinded feasibility randomized-controlled trial, adult psychiatric inpatients were randomized to the intervention or control group. Feasibility outcomes included enrollment rate, retention rate and intervention-completion rate. The quantitative outcome was the impact on symptom reduction (mean and % difference in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) between baseline and 7-day follow-up scores). Exploratory outcomes included improvement in quality of sleep, mindfulness and quality of life. Qualitative intervention feedback was obtained from therapists and participants.ResultsFeasibility outcomes were 39.2% participant enrollment, 85% study completion and 81.8% intervention completion. No symptom outcomes significantly differed. There were no significant differences in exploratory outcomes. Interventionists reported system-level barriers in treatment delivery; patients subjectively reported enjoying the intervention.DiscussionThe MOI is feasible in the inpatient psychiatric setting. There were no significant effects on psychiatric symptoms during the follow-up period, but no adverse effects were reported. Therapeutic effects could be further investigated in longer-term interventions and larger confirmatory RCTs. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 368-377 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1978530 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1978530 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:368-377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2019298_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Alexander H. Jack Author-X-Name-First: Alexander H. Author-X-Name-Last: Jack Title: Is psychiatry equipped for a post-truth world? Journal: Psychosis Pages: 378-379 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2019298 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2019298 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:378-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1957992_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Cansu Baygin Author-X-Name-First: Cansu Author-X-Name-Last: Baygin Author-Name: Levent Sevincok Author-X-Name-First: Levent Author-X-Name-Last: Sevincok Author-Name: Bilge Dogan Author-X-Name-First: Bilge Author-X-Name-Last: Dogan Author-Name: Doga Sevincok Author-X-Name-First: Doga Author-X-Name-Last: Sevincok Author-Name: Yasan Bilge Sair Author-X-Name-First: Yasan Bilge Author-X-Name-Last: Sair Title: The mediation role of schizotypal traits in the relationship between childhood trauma and earlier onset of panic disorder Abstract: ObjectiveWe hypothesized that, if childhood trauma is associated with schizotypal traits, schizotypal traits may mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and the earlier onset of panic disorder (PD).MethodsA total of 86 patients (49 females, 37 males), with PD aged between 18 and 65 years, were evaluated using the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS), the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS).ResultsThe mean age was 38.7 ± 12.8 years (range = 19-65 years). Total scores of schizotypal traits (r = -0.41, p<0.001), and childhood trauma (r = -0.31, p = 0.004) were inversely correlated with age at onset of PD. There was a significant correlation between the severity of schizotypal traits and childhood trauma (r = 0.55, p<0.001). After the mediation analysis, the direct effect of childhood trauma on age at onset of PD was no longer significant (Exp(B) = -0.133, p = 0.273). The indirect coefficient for schizotypal traits was consistent with complete mediation (Exp(B) = -0.801, p = 0.001).DiscussionWe suggest that schizotypal personality traits which are significantly associated with childhood trauma, may influence the onset of PD from early life. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 333-343 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1957992 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1957992 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:333-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2132416_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Jan Olav Johannessen Author-X-Name-First: Jan Olav Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen Author-Name: Patrick McGorry Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: McGorry Title: Johan Christoffer Cullberg Journal: Psychosis Pages: 380-381 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2132416 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2132416 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:380-381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1971743_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Emily Thornhill Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Thornhill Author-Name: Chris Sanderson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Sanderson Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Title: A grounded theory analysis of care-coordinators’ perceptions of family growth associated with an experience of first episode psychosis Abstract: BackgroundGrowth associated with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) is taken from post-traumatic growth literature, where positive changes are perceived following adverse circumstances. FEP is a critical period in which care-coordinators play a key role in working with families. Care-coordinators’ perceptions influence the way in which they work with families.MethodsEleven care-coordinators described their perceptions of growth within families with FEP through semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using social constructivist grounded theory.ResultsCare-coordinators perceived the existence of family growth in the form of enhanced communication, as well as less explicit forms of growth including distancing from unhelpful relationships and a re-establishment of norms and boundaries. Growth was inhibited by the construct of the “perfect family” model, a mis-trust in services due to suspiciousness or prior negative experiences of services.DiscussionThese inhibitors limit engagement with interventions and prevent open exploration of difficulties. Future work may consider how these findings align with the views of families. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 355-367 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1971743 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1971743 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:355-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1994635_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Martje S.G. Visser Author-X-Name-First: Martje S.G. Author-X-Name-Last: Visser Author-Name: Nynke Boonstra Author-X-Name-First: Nynke Author-X-Name-Last: Boonstra Author-Name: Paul A. J. M. de Bont Author-X-Name-First: Paul A. J. M. Author-X-Name-Last: de Bont Author-Name: Berber M. van der Vleugel Author-X-Name-First: Berber M. Author-X-Name-Last: van der Vleugel Author-Name: David van den Berg Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: van den Berg Title: The effects of a specialized staff training on trauma-sensitivity in professionals working with patients with a psychotic disorder: A pilot study Abstract: BackgroundStudies show that the trauma-sensitivity of professionals working with patients with psychosis is insufficient. As a result, trauma-related problems remain undetected and untreated, which may impede recovery in this group. This study explored the effects of a specialised staff training on six trauma-sensitivity factors (i.e. knowledge, credibility, expected burden, harm expectancy, diagnostic competency and organizational support), self-reported trauma-sensitive behaviour and objective indicators of trauma-sensitive behaviour in medical files.MethodProfessionals (N = 56) rated the six trauma-sensitivity factors and their own trauma-sensitive behaviour at pre-training, post-training and at 6- and 12-months follow-up. Changes in indicators of trauma-sensitive behaviours were assessed by a review of medical files (N = 97).ResultsThe specialized training increased knowledge, crediblity and experienced diagnostic compentence. The training decreased burden and harm expectancies, and enhanced self-reported trauma-sensitive behaviour. However, this positive change could not be objectified by indicators of trauma-sensitive behaviour in medical files.DiscussionThese findings support the notion that specialised training has a positive effect on increasing trauma-sensitivity and decreasing burden and harm expectancies, but not necessarily on observable trauma-sensitive behaviour. In addition to training staff, structural implementation and organisational support are argued to be essential to attain actual behaviour change. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 308-321 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1994635 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1994635 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:308-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1957991_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Jesse Gates Author-X-Name-First: Jesse Author-X-Name-Last: Gates Author-Name: Eliot Goldstone Author-X-Name-First: Eliot Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstone Author-Name: Jacinta Clemente Author-X-Name-First: Jacinta Author-X-Name-Last: Clemente Author-Name: Marilyn Cugnetto Author-X-Name-First: Marilyn Author-X-Name-Last: Cugnetto Author-Name: Eric M.J. Morris Author-X-Name-First: Eric M.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Author-Name: John Farhall Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Farhall Title: Adapting and implementing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy groups to support personal recovery of adults living with psychosis: a qualitative study of facilitators’ experiences Abstract: Background: Psychosocial, evidence-based interventions (EBI) may support personal recovery from psychosis; however, little is known about their implementation.Methods: This paper describes the adaptation, implementation, and evaluation of a psychosocial EBI, group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), designed to support personal recovery of people living with psychosis who are accessing Australian public mental health services. We outline the process of adapting and implementing a group program, and present results of a qualitative analysis of facilitator experiences of the first 6 groups conducted involving 69 participants. Eight facilitators participated in an expert-led reflective interview developed to gather feedback in five domains.Results: A thematic analysis of transcribed audio-recorded interviews elicited nine themes that indicated: local adaptations facilitated participant learning; targeted efforts to engage all stakeholders were successful; clinical supervision and research support by local experts enabled program implementation and evaluation; implementation offered facilitators personal rewards; and a need for further engagement of organisational support.Discussion: This paper identifies enablers of successful adaptation and implementation of ACT groups for recovery from psychosis, an EBI in public mental health services. Study limitations include the risk of a self-serving reporting bias and the absence of lived experience expertise in group facilitation and evaluation. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 322-332 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1957991 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1957991 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:322-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2137570_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Peter Bullimore Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Bullimore Author-Name: Jerome Carson Author-X-Name-First: Jerome Author-X-Name-Last: Carson Title: A living tribute to professor Marius Romme Abstract: Professor Marius Romme has been one of the most influential psychiatrists of his generation. He revolutionized the approach to working with people who hear voices. This Living Tribute to Marius features short accounts by many of those he has worked with over the decades from both professional and lived experience perspectives. Thanks to his work and all those who have worked with him, hearing voices is no longer dismissed as a symptom of schizophrenia requiring medication, but as something to be understood in the context of each person’s unique life history. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 295-307 Issue: 4 Volume: 14 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2137570 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2137570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:295-307 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2009548_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Julia Lebovitz Author-X-Name-First: Julia Author-X-Name-Last: Lebovitz Author-Name: Chris AhnAllen Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: AhnAllen Author-Name: Tanya Marie Luhrmann Author-X-Name-First: Tanya Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Luhrmann Title: Experience of psychosis during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients Abstract: BackgroundThe content of auditory hallucinations (AHs) and delusions is malleable and reflects the social environment and the local culture. COVID-19 is a significant new feature of the social environment, yet research has not yet determined how the phenomenology of psychosis has changed since the COVID-19 outbreak.MethodsAdult patients (N = 17) receiving care within an acute inpatient psychiatric care setting in Boston were recruited to participate in an hour-long Zoom interview about their psychosis phenomenology and the potential impact of COVID-19.ResultsThematic analysis of interview data found that for many, ideas about COVID-19 were present in the content of their AHs and shaped their paranoid ideation. Some felt that the frequency and loudness of the AHs had increased. However, not all participants spoke in ways that suggested the virus had affected their experience.ConclusionsResults demonstrate that COVID-19 influenced the content of psychosis for many, but the effect of COVID-19 on psychosis was not uniform. The increased social isolation, financial insecurity, and socio-political climate of the period also seemed to negatively impact individuals with psychosis. Understanding how COVID-19 specifically has influenced psychosis helps to illustrate how societal and external factors may shape this experience. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 44-55 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2009548 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2009548 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:44-55 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2095000_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Clio Berry Author-X-Name-First: Clio Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Andreea-Ingrid Baloc Author-X-Name-First: Andreea-Ingrid Author-X-Name-Last: Baloc Author-Name: David Fowler Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler Author-Name: Anna-Marie Jones Author-X-Name-First: Anna-Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Cassie M Hazell Author-X-Name-First: Cassie M Author-X-Name-Last: Hazell Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Title: The psychological therapy preferences of patients who hear voices Abstract: BackgroundVoice-hearing is a common, phenomenologically diverse, experience across different mental health diagnoses. Patient preferences for psychological therapies are helpful in informing treatment commissioning and provision, especially in the context of complex and variable experiences like voice-hearing. There is, however, very limited evidence as to the psychological therapy preferences of transdiagnostic voice-hearers.MethodsThree-hundred and thirty-five voice hearers were recruited from secondary care NHS mental health services across England, between 2020 and 2022. Participants completed a questionnaire battery, involving a psychological therapy preference survey. Participants ranked their preferences across categories of practical, technical and relational therapy elements. Therapy preferences were examined using non-parametric ANOVAs and the significance of pairwise comparisons between different therapy elements.ResultsThere were significant differences in all categories of preference elements. Clear hierarchies of preference were observed in therapy location, timing, delivery, and therapy approach. Preferences were evident, albeit with less clear vertical hierarchies, for number of sessions, mode, therapist qualities, and therapy focus, tasks and outcomes.DiscussionOverall, participants expressed a preference for individual, face-to-face intervention of at least nine sessions, with a highly experienced therapist and a core focus on enhancing coping strategies for voice-hearing experiences. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2095000 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2095000 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2011387_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Simone Cheli Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Cheli Author-Name: Nicola Petrocchi Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Petrocchi Author-Name: Veronica Cavalletti Author-X-Name-First: Veronica Author-X-Name-Last: Cavalletti Title: Hearing divine voices: a qualitative enquiry about criticism, connectedness, and compassion Abstract: BackgroundWe explored the role of criticism of self and of others, and metacognitive abilities in hearing voices that may refer to god or a divine presence, and qualitatively compared differences and similarities between persons who were diagnosed with psychosis and those who were not.MethodsWe recruited two samples of persons who heard divine voices: six were diagnosed with brief psychotic disorder (sub-sample A) and six were not (sub-sample B). All participants were interviewed according to a mixed-method design that integrated content analysis and phenomenological procedures.ResultsThe narratives of sub-sample A showed higher levels of self-criticism and other-criticism and lower levels of narrative coherence than those of sub-sample B. The latter showed an intention of the voices characterized by compassion and connectedness.ConclusionThis qualitative study highlighted the importance of considering criticism and metacognition as central mechanisms in understanding the distress of persons hearing divine voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 100-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2011387 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2011387 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:100-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1988685_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Esmira Ropaj Author-X-Name-First: Esmira Author-X-Name-Last: Ropaj Author-Name: David A. Keatley Author-X-Name-First: David A. Author-X-Name-Last: Keatley Author-Name: Joanne M. Dickson Author-X-Name-First: Joanne M. Author-X-Name-Last: Dickson Author-Name: Corinna J. Milroyd Author-X-Name-First: Corinna J. Author-X-Name-Last: Milroyd Author-Name: Peter J. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: A behaviour sequence analysis of goal generation processes in a psychosis rehabilitation sample Abstract: BackgroundIt is suggested that goals are hierarchically organised, with goals at the highest level representing fundamental values and motivations. These abstract goals are said to have a series of sub-goals which represent a means of reaching higher-level goals. While a number of studies have explored goals in the context of psychosis, little is known about idiographic goal generation processes in those experiencing psychosis.MethodsUsing a Behaviour Sequence Analysis approach, the aim of the current study was to assess the feasibility of the goal task for use with individuals experiencing psychosis. A total of 73 adults receiving care from UK rehabilitation services completed a goal task designed to elicit higher-level goals.ResultsResults indicated that the goal task may be a feasible tool to support those experiencing psychosis to generate lower- and higher-level goals.ConclusionsThe goal task utilised in the current study may therefore be a valuable goal generation tool for use by clinicians. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 89-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1988685 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1988685 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:89-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1961011_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Rocío Caballero Author-X-Name-First: Rocío Author-X-Name-Last: Caballero Author-Name: Covadonga Chaves Author-X-Name-First: Covadonga Author-X-Name-Last: Chaves Author-Name: Carmen Valiente Author-X-Name-First: Carmen Author-X-Name-Last: Valiente Title: Life satisfaction in people affected by a severe psychiatric condition: a comprehensive model Abstract: “Research on severe psychiatric conditions has primarily focused on deficits and symptoms, while there is limited understanding about the underlying factors that contribute to the life satisfaction (LS) of patients who suffer from such conditions. The presence of positive affect has an important role in the LS in the general population. Its presence activates personal resources that facilitate the achievement of their life purposes. However, these associations have not yet been evaluated in people affected by a severe psychiatric condition. The main aim of this study was to explore, using structural equation modeling, the role of different hedonic and eudaimonic well-being dimensions as predictors of LS in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. A total of 149 adult participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were assessed about their LS, hedonic well-being (i.e., positive affect, openness to the future) and eudaimonic well-being (i.e., social support, self-compassion, and strengths). Results indicate that self-compassion, caring and self-control strengths and social support mediate the relationship between hedonic well-being and LS. These findings help understand the mechanisms involved in LS in this population and shed light on the design of future interventions aimed at promoting a more satisfying life for them”. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 77-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1961011 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1961011 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:77-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2147984_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Ben Gray Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Gray Title: Lived experience research: a service user’s perspective Abstract: In this article, Dr Ben Gray (a Research Ambassador and Service User Researcher at Healthwatch Essex) describes his lived experience of schizophrenia and Asperger’s syndrome and outlines its relevance to qualitative research in health and social care. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 115-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2147984 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2147984 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:115-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2009903_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Georgina L Barnes Author-X-Name-First: Georgina L Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes Author-Name: Richard Emsley Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Emsley Author-Name: Philippa Garety Author-X-Name-First: Philippa Author-X-Name-Last: Garety Author-Name: Amy Hardy Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy Title: Identifying victimisation profiles in people with psychosis and a history of childhood trauma: a latent class analysis Abstract: BackgroundPeople with psychosis experience higher rates of childhood victimisation compared to the general population, which may impact on mental health and recovery. This study aimed to identify childhood victimisation profiles in a clinical sample to inform recommendations for routine care.MethodsParticipants were 146 adults (ages 19–65 years; M = 42.2) with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses reporting trauma. Childhood trauma was assessed using two retrospective measures, and a latent class analysis (LCA) was performed on four trauma types (sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse and neglect). Multinomial logistic regression investigated demographic differences between the classes.ResultsFour distinct childhood trauma classes were identified: Emotional abuse/neglect (n = 29); physical abuse (n = 14); sexual abuse (n = 19); and poly-victimisation (n = 84). There were no differences between the classes in terms of age, ethnicity, relationship status, education or current employment (relative risk (RR) = 0.85–1.27, p > 0.05). Participants in the poly-victimisation class were significantly more likely to be female (RR = 0.22–0.28, p < 0.04).DiscussionAdults with psychosis, particularly females, are likely to report poly-victimisation in childhood. This highlights the need to comprehensively but concisely assess experiences of abuse and neglect in clinical care, in line with trauma-informed approaches. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 66-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2009903 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2009903 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:66-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1983011_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Daniel Fernández Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Author-Name: I. Liu Author-X-Name-First: I. Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: A. Preti Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Preti Author-Name: J. M. Haro Author-X-Name-First: J. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Haro Author-Name: S. Siddi Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Siddi Title: Launay–Slade Hallucination Scale-Extended: simplifying its interpretation Abstract: BackgroundThe Launay–Slade Hallucination Scale – Extended (LSHS-E) is one of the most used self-reported questionnaires to explore the multidimensionality of hallucinatory-like experiences (HLEs). This scale is defined as a 5-level Likert scale, which goes from 0-“certainly does not apply to me” to 4-“certainly applies to me.” Like any Likert scale, the LSHS-E scale assumes that the ordinal categories are equally spaced among them, which might not be true, giving rise to possible issues in offering a valid interpretation of the responses.MethodThis study introduces a parametric model: the ordered stereotype model. This model determines the uneven spacing among ordinal responses, dictated by the studied data.ResultsThis work shows that the ordinal categories of the LSHS-E scale are determined both by unequal spacing and by the spacing among the last three adjacent categories, which makes them indistinguishable. Subsequent analysis showed good internal reliability, and also a four-factor structure was maintained.ConclusionsThe current study’s findings suggest that people who suffer from HLEs might not easily disclose their experiences and so give neutral responses for fear of being stigmatized. Further, neutral responses might identify people at risk of psychosis, and individuals during the prodromal stage may not be aware of their transient or fleeting HLEs. Future research should determine the distance among the categories on a Likert scale as a first step before analyzing and understanding the data. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 56-65 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1983011 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1983011 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:56-65 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_1986123_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Amar Ghelani Author-X-Name-First: Amar Author-X-Name-Last: Ghelani Author-Name: Genevieve Armstrong Author-X-Name-First: Genevieve Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong Author-Name: Ashley Haywood Author-X-Name-First: Ashley Author-X-Name-Last: Haywood Title: Motivations for cannabis use in youth with first episode psychosis: a scoping review Abstract: BackgroundYouth in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) programs have high rates of cannabis use and consumption is associated with negative treatment outcomes. Motivations for use in this group are under-studied and investigating reasons for use can aid in the development of engagement strategies.MethodsThis scoping review uses the framework proposed by Arksey & O’Malley and PRISMA ScR to map the research in this area, synthesize common themes, and identify gaps in knowledge. Eleven studies examining the motivations for cannabis use among youth with FEP met eligibility criteria.ResultsThis group uses cannabis for social reasons, to relax, enhance activities, cope with unpleasant affect, alter perceptions, improve sleep, and manage symptoms. Four studies identified risk perceptions and three distinguished reasons for starting and continued consumption. The effects of consumption on social relationships were under-studied, as were perspectives in jurisdictions where cannabis is legal. Most studies did not report on the racial background of participants and minority groups were underrepresented.ConclusionAssessing social dynamics and perceptions toward the link between cannabis and psychosis can enhance interventions with this group. Those using cannabis to manage negative emotions can benefit from development of a broader range of coping skills. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 17-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1986123 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.1986123 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:17-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2063368_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Keith E. Gallagher Author-X-Name-First: Keith E. Author-X-Name-Last: Gallagher Title: We need more diversity and nuance in public accounts of psychosis treatment Abstract: People with lived experience of psychosis now have more access than ever to share their own stories and learn about others’ via social media and public health campaigns. However, lived experience accounts that deal with race-based bias and inequity, ambivalent attitudes toward the biomedical illness model, or negative or harmful experiences of treatment remain less visible. Such accounts may help many who are experiencing psychosis to locate themselves in the narratives of others and access insights about recovery and navigating treatment which are currently absent. Future efforts to uplift diverse accounts of lived experience should involve people with lived experience as formal collaborators, make room for discussion of the shortcomings of treatment, and prioritize especially marginalized voices and perspectives. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 112-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2063368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2063368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:112-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2001561_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Amy Langman-Levy Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Langman-Levy Author-Name: Louise Johns Author-X-Name-First: Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Johns Author-Name: Jasper Palmier-Claus Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Palmier-Claus Author-Name: Catarina Sacadura Author-X-Name-First: Catarina Author-X-Name-Last: Sacadura Author-Name: Ann Steele Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Steele Author-Name: Amanda Larkin Author-X-Name-First: Amanda Author-X-Name-Last: Larkin Author-Name: Elizabeth Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Samantha Bowe Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Bowe Author-Name: Anthony Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Adapting cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescents with psychosis: insights from the Managing Adolescent first episode in psychosis study (MAPS) Abstract: BackgroundOnset of psychosis commonly occurs in adolescence, and long-term prognosis can be poor. There is growing evidence, largely from adult cohorts, that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp) and Family Interventions (FI) can play a role in managing symptoms and difficulties associated with psychosis. However, adolescents have distinct developmental needs that likely impact their engagement and response to talking therapy. There is limited guidance on adapting CBTp to meet the clinical needs of under-eighteens experiencing psychosis.MethodThis educational clinical practice article details learnings from therapists and supervisors working with young people (aged 14–18 years) with psychosis during the Managing Adolescent first-episode Psychosis: a feasibility Study (MAPS) randomised clinical treatment trial, supplemented by findings from nested qualitative interviews with young people receiving CBTp.ResultsSuggested are given for tailoring CBTp assessment, formulation and interventions to meet the developmental and clinical needs of adolescents with psychosis. Developmentally appropriate techniques and resources described.ConclusionsEarly indications from MAPS study indicate this developmentally tailored approach is an acceptable, safe and helpful treatment for young people with psychosis. Further research is needed to develop empirically grounded and evaluated CBTp for adolescents. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 28-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2001561 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2001561 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:28-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2164605_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Tom Federn Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Federn Title: Critical psychiatry textbook Journal: Psychosis Pages: 117-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2164605 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2164605 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:117-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2164344_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Annelore Homberg Author-X-Name-First: Annelore Author-X-Name-Last: Homberg Title: Schizophrenia. An unfinished history Journal: Psychosis Pages: 118-119 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2164344 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2164344 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:118-119 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2179208_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jukka Aaltonen Author-X-Name-First: Jukka Author-X-Name-Last: Aaltonen Author-Name: Klaus Lehtinen Author-X-Name-First: Klaus Author-X-Name-Last: Lehtinen Title: In memoriam: Yrjö Alanen 1927 – 2022 Journal: Psychosis Pages: 120-121 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2179208 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2179208 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:120-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2183428_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Gail Tasch Author-X-Name-First: Gail Author-X-Name-Last: Tasch Author-Name: Peter C Gøtzsche Author-X-Name-First: Peter C Author-X-Name-Last: Gøtzsche Title: Systematic violations of patients’ rights and safety: forced medication of a cohort of 30 patients in Alaska Abstract: BackgroundPsychiatric patients’ human rights are often violated when forced treatment orders are issued.MethodsWe assessed the records for 30 consecutive petitions for mental health commitment in which an involuntary medication order was requested, from Anchorage, Alaska.ResultsIn 29 cases, the commitment petition was granted. The forced medication order was granted in 27 of the 30 cases. In 26 cases, in violation of previous Supreme Court rulings, the patients’ desires, fears, wishes and experiences were ignored even when the patients were afraid that the neuroleptics might kill them or when they had experienced serious harms such as tardive dyskinesia. The ethical and legal imperative of offering a less intrusive treatment was also ignored. Benzodiazepines were not offered. Psychotherapy was not offered or mentioned in 15 cases. The providers claimed, contrary to the evidence, that psychotherapy does not work.DicussionThe legal procedures can best be characterized as a sham, in which the patients are defenseless. The power imbalance and abuse were extreme, and several of the psychiatrists who argued for forced treatment obtained court orders for administering drugs and dosages that were dangerous. We suggest forced medication be abandoned. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 145-154 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2183428 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2183428 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:145-154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2191132_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Sara Kærn Linstow Author-X-Name-First: Sara Kærn Author-X-Name-Last: Linstow Author-Name: Annick Urfer-Parnas Author-X-Name-First: Annick Author-X-Name-Last: Urfer-Parnas Title: Involuntary hospitalization for treatment purpose; an act of caregiving? Perspectives and experiences of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia Abstract: BackgroundCoercive methods in psychiatry are still a matter of debate, raising ethical challenges ranging from liberal to paternalistic approaches. Involuntary hospitalisation (IH) for treatment purpose is a major intervention not yet fully examined from patients’ perspectives.AimTo examine at discharge the views and experiences of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia involuntarily hospitalized in a psychotic state for treatment purpose.MethodWe examined nine patients with semi-structured interview concerning their views on IH in general, their own admission, and ways to prevent such situations.ResultsNone of the patients considered their IH necessary in its entirety or viewed their condition as psychosis. They did not consider IH as an act of care and believed that community support could have prevented IH in their case. They stressed that psychiatric patients should be able to refuse treatment as somatic patients are.DiscussionWe discuss the patients’ experiences and negative view of IH, the concepts of psychosis and insight, possibilities of acute outpatient intervention and ethical issues. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 123-133 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2191132 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2191132 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:123-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2038254_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Emma Izon Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Izon Author-Name: Karmen Au-Yeung Author-X-Name-First: Karmen Author-X-Name-Last: Au-Yeung Author-Name: Katherine Berry Author-X-Name-First: Katherine Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Author-Name: Paul French Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: French Title: Service User Perceived Criticism and Warmth (SU-PCaW) Questionnaire Abstract: BackgroundThe outcomes for a wide range of physical and mental health conditions can be influenced by the level of criticism and warmth in the family environment known in the literature as Expressed Emotion (EE). This finding is also true for individuals with an At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) for psychosis with individual’s perceptions of EE predicting transition to psychosis. While the original concept of EE incorporates both positive and negative aspects of relationships, most measures of EE and research focus on the negative aspects of relationships. Positive factors are also important and associated with improvements in functioning and reduced symptoms. However, the absence of a comprehensive, self-report measure of positive aspects of EE has hindered research in this area.MethodsThis study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of a new 10-item Service User Perceived Criticism and Warmth Questionnaire (SU-PCaW) based on the 2-item Perceived Criticism and 2-item Perceived Warmth questionnaires.ResultsThe measure was quick and easy to administer and had high internal consistency and reliability.ConclusionThis measure would aid services in screening families for therapy, be helpful in evaluating family intervention in groups such as the ARMS population and a useful measure for future research developments. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 201-210 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2038254 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2038254 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:201-210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2032291_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Feten Fekih-Romdhane Author-X-Name-First: Feten Author-X-Name-Last: Fekih-Romdhane Author-Name: Fayhaa Hamdi Author-X-Name-First: Fayhaa Author-X-Name-Last: Hamdi Author-Name: Haitham Jahrami Author-X-Name-First: Haitham Author-X-Name-Last: Jahrami Author-Name: Majda Cheour Author-X-Name-First: Majda Author-X-Name-Last: Cheour Title: Attitudes toward schizophrenia among Tunisian family medicine residents and non-medical students Abstract: BackgroundAlthough primary care physicians are highly involved in the detection and management of schizophrenia since the early stages, prior research has shown that they hold negative attitudes toward patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. We aimed to compare attitudes towards schizophrenia between family medicine residents and non-medical students.MethodThis was a cross-sectional study. A 18-item questionnaire concerning attitudes toward schizophrenia was used.ResultsThe two participant groups held similar attitudes in terms of “social distance”, “belief of dangerousness” and “skepticism regarding treatment”. After controlling for confounders, help-seeking intentions contributed negatively to the prediction of attitudes toward schizophrenia in the non-medical students, and accounted for 5.3% of their variance.ConclusionsImplementing anti-stigma programs in medical schools, reviewing the current medical curriculum and the family medicine residency programme to help improve future physicians’ attitudes and prepare them to provide primary mental health care to young help-seekers who experience psychosis should be given priority attention. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 168-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2032291 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2032291 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:168-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2023615_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: E. Fossey Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Fossey Author-Name: C. Harvey Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey Author-Name: P. Ennals Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Ennals Author-Name: A. Wiggins Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Wiggins Author-Name: J. Farhall Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Farhall Title: From evidence to realities: psychosocial intervention provision in Australian routine community mental health practice Abstract: BackgroundThis study explored care co-ordinator reports about provision of six evidence-based psychosocial interventions (PSIs) for people living with psychosis, to better understand decision-making about provision.MethodsConducted as an adjunct to the Second Australian National Survey of Psychosis in one catchment area, care co-ordinators completed a structured interview about evidence-based PSIs provided to 33 consumers as part of their community mental health care. Descriptive analyses were conducted.ResultsCare co-ordinators reported most consumers were provided at least one of the PSIs during the previous year; all were provided at least one non-evidence-based, typically briefer or simpler, alternative. Relapse Prevention Planning using early warning signs was reported as most provided; Family Psychoeducation was the least provided but rated as most helpful. The primary reason for non-provision of PSIs was that they had not been offered, with lack of relevance the most cited explanation.ConclusionsPSIs may be more commonly provided than previously reported, if non-evidence-based alternatives are also considered: reasons for not offering evidence-based PSIs require further study. Meaningful guidelines are needed about when and how to offer PSIs in collaborative practice, including briefer or simpler interventions when preferred over more complex interventions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 155-167 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2023615 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2023615 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:155-167 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2199323_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Joshua C. Kendall Author-X-Name-First: Joshua C. Author-X-Name-Last: Kendall Title: Malady of the mind Journal: Psychosis Pages: 215-217 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2199323 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2199323 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:215-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2134444_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Tomi Bergström Author-X-Name-First: Tomi Author-X-Name-Last: Bergström Author-Name: Jaakko Seikkula Author-X-Name-First: Jaakko Author-X-Name-Last: Seikkula Author-Name: Päivi Köngäs-Saviaro Author-X-Name-First: Päivi Author-X-Name-Last: Köngäs-Saviaro Author-Name: Jyri J. Taskila Author-X-Name-First: Jyri J. Author-X-Name-Last: Taskila Author-Name: Jukka Aaltonen Author-X-Name-First: Jukka Author-X-Name-Last: Aaltonen Title: Need adapted use of medication in the open dialogue approach for psychosis: a descriptive longitudinal cohort study Abstract: BackgroundThe open dialogue (OD) approach includes the need-adapted use of psychiatric medication in treating first-episode psychosis (FEP), but there is limited information on how psychiatric medications are actually used in OD-based services. This study aims to analyse long-term medication dispensing patterns among FEP cohort treated according to the OD.MethodsThe OD cohort consisted of people who received treatment for FEP in the Finnish Western Lapland catchment area at a time of OD implementation (n=61). The comparison group included people whose FEP treatment commenced outside the catchment area during the mid-1990s (n=1378). Data were gathered from national registers from onset to the end of the 10-year follow-up or death. A non-confirmatory descriptive comparison was performed to evaluate the usage patterns and cumulative exposure to psychiatric medication.ResultsUnder OD, a smaller proportion had been dispensed benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and neuroleptics. Persons who had received these medications did not differ in cumulative exposure. In both groups, most of those who received neuroleptics in the first follow-up years continued using medication throughout follow-up.DiscussionOD may assist in detecting FEP patients who can manage without neuroleptics, thus minimizing iatrogenic effects. Due to the observational design, further studies are required to confirm this hypothesis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 134-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2134444 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2134444 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:134-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2019819_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jordan E. DeVylder Author-X-Name-First: Jordan E. Author-X-Name-Last: DeVylder Title: The accepted definition of delusions does not effectively separate clinical from non-clinical phenomena Abstract: The DSM-5 and other psychiatric texts define delusions as fixed beliefs that are unamenable to change. However, many fixed beliefs are considered culturally or socially normative, and may even serve an important function in unifying groups and communities. The clinical definition of delusions does not take into account the potential social function of fixed beliefs, which may be a key factor in distinguishing fixed beliefs that are beneficial from those that are pathological. This article proposes that including a social dimension in our definition and understanding of delusions may facilitate clinical distinctions between normative fixed beliefs and clinically relevant delusions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 211-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2019819 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2019819 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:211-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2037693_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Inés Garcia del Castillo Author-X-Name-First: Inés Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia del Castillo Author-Name: Saioa López García Author-X-Name-First: Saioa Author-X-Name-Last: López García Author-Name: Ana Pérez-Balaguer Author-X-Name-First: Ana Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Balaguer Author-Name: David Varillas Delgado Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Varillas Delgado Author-Name: Claudio Fuenzalida Muñoz Author-X-Name-First: Claudio Author-X-Name-Last: Fuenzalida Muñoz Author-Name: Javier Sempere Pérez Author-X-Name-First: Javier Author-X-Name-Last: Sempere Pérez Title: Multifamily therapy in first psychotic episodes: a pilot study Abstract: BackgroundMultifamily groups (MFG) have shown to reduce the risk of relapse of psychotic symptoms in first episodes of psychosis (FEPs) but are not frequently implemented in treatment programs. This paper describes the implementation of the interfamily therapy-model in a FEP early intervention program within a Mental Health Centre in Spain . The aims were to examine (a) relapses (measured as re-hospitalization), (b) duration of re-hospitalizations and (c) voluntary versus involuntary re-hospitalizations during participation in MFG compared with the previous year.MethodsTwenty-one subjects participated in a MFG over 12 months, 11 participants with a diagnosis of psychosis and 10 family members.ResultsPatients and their relatives participated in around 50% of treatment sessions and manifested satisfactory experience during treatment. Among the patients who participated in MFG, a lower relapse rate was observed: a lower number of psychiatric admissions (7 versus 3) and of shorter duration [23.57 (SD 18.5) days pretreatment versus 19.33 (SD 10.2) days during treatment] although it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), probably due to small sample size.DiscussionMultifamily therapy has been well accepted by both patients and their families, with a high degree of participation. Our impression is that the simultaneous participation in different therapeutic activities (individual, group and multifamily) improves the experience of the therapeutic process. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 192-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2037693 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2037693 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:192-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2023614_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Sarah V. McIlwaine Author-X-Name-First: Sarah V. Author-X-Name-Last: McIlwaine Author-Name: M. Ferrari Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrari Author-Name: S. Iyer Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Iyer Author-Name: A. Malla Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Malla Author-Name: J. Shah Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Shah Title: A qualitative study of help-seeking experiences leading up to a specialized service for youth at risk of psychosis Abstract: BackgroundEmerging research and early identification efforts have aimed to identify individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). While specialized services for CHR are currently in place, there has been little examination of the subjective experience of those seeking help and accessing these services. The purpose of this article was to describe how initial mental health problems led young people at CHR to seek help, as well as their experiences with mental health care en route to a CHR service.MethodsEleven participants receiving care at a CHR service in Montreal, Canada were interviewed.ResultsParticipants’ experiences with mental health difficulties resulted in barriers to their everyday activities, which eventually prompted them to seek out services. Long wait times and other challenges emerged when participants began their mental health care journey, while strong collaboration between services was a facilitator of rapid access to needed care.DiscussionThese experiences underscore the need for treatment planning of CHR service to be adaptable to the varied and changing experiences of young people at CHR. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 181-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2023614 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2023614 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:181-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2044895_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Shayden Bryce Author-X-Name-First: Shayden Author-X-Name-Last: Bryce Author-Name: Ashleigh de Winter Author-X-Name-First: Ashleigh Author-X-Name-Last: de Winter Author-Name: Lisa Phillips Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips Author-Name: Nicholas Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Mario Alvarez-Jimenez Author-X-Name-First: Mario Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez-Jimenez Author-Name: Kelly Allott Author-X-Name-First: Kelly Author-X-Name-Last: Allott Title: Cognitive strengths in first-episode psychosis: perspectives from young people with lived experience Abstract: BackgroundIdentifying cognitive strengths may be one avenue for enhancing functional recovery in people with first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study explored the perspectives of young people with FEP on the conceptualisation of cognitive strengths and the perceived risks and benefits, and pragmatic considerations, of a cognitive strengths-based approach to assessment and treatment.MethodsTen participants, aged 18 to 26 (Mage = 21.44 years, SD = 2.70), were recruited from an early psychosis assessment and treatment service. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFour overarching themes emerged, related to: 1) Understanding cognitive strengths in FEP; 2) Potential benefits; 3) Barriers and risks; and 4) Considerations for development and implementation. Young people held positive views toward assessment and treatment methods focused on cognitive strengths, suggesting that identifying strengths and building confidence beliefs may promote greater functioning. Potential barriers, including harms related to being unable to identify cognitive strengths or neglecting deficits, were areas requiring further consideration.DiscussionA cognitive strengths-based approach to assessment and treatment in FEP is a promising area of investigation, according to young people with FEP. The results provide insight regarding a cognitive strengths definition and the ways that these could be measured in future. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 240-251 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2044895 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2044895 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:240-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2039273_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Nicholas C. Borgogna Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas C. Author-X-Name-Last: Borgogna Author-Name: Stephen L. Aita Author-X-Name-First: Stephen L. Author-X-Name-Last: Aita Author-Name: Christi L. Trask Author-X-Name-First: Christi L. Author-X-Name-Last: Trask Author-Name: Grant G. Moncrief Author-X-Name-First: Grant G. Author-X-Name-Last: Moncrief Title: Psychotic disorders in college students: demographic and care considerations Abstract: BackgroundWe examined differences in demographics, access to mental healthcare, and perceived treatment barriers in college students with a history of receiving a psychotic disorder diagnosis compared to non-clinical (no history of diagnosis) and clinical (history of non-comorbid depression) control students.MethodsData came from the 2018–2019 Healthy Minds Study (HMS), n=159 students reported having been diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (0.27% prevalence). Comparison groups included 159 randomly drawn non-clinical and 159 clinical control participants.ResultsStudents with a history of psychotic disorder diagnosis were more likely to identify as non-heterosexual (53.5%) and gender non-conforming (17%), were more likely to have a medication prescribed in the past 12 months (84.7%), have a history of participating in counseling (95.5%), received significantly more prescriptions from different medication classes, reported higher perceived need for treatment, and reported experiencing significantly more barriers to treatment compared to control groups. No differences were evident across groups regarding knowledge of campus treatment resources, sex assigned at birth, and race.DiscussionCollege students with a history of psychotic disorder diagnosis face multiple barriers to receiving adequate treatment. University healthcare systems should consider adjusting treatment needs to this population. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 229-239 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2039273 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2039273 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:229-239 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2172602_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Ron Unger Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Unger Title: Relating to voices using compassion focused therapy: a self help companion Journal: Psychosis Pages: 317-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2172602 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2172602 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:317-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2052164_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Gerald Jordan Author-X-Name-First: Gerald Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan Author-Name: Fiona Ng Author-X-Name-First: Fiona Author-X-Name-Last: Ng Author-Name: Ashok Malla Author-X-Name-First: Ashok Author-X-Name-Last: Malla Author-Name: Srividya N. Iyer Author-X-Name-First: Srividya N. Author-X-Name-Last: Iyer Title: A longitudinal qualitative follow-up study of post-traumatic growth among service users who experienced positive change following a first episode of psychosis Abstract: BackgroundPosttraumatic growth refers to the positive psychological changes that people experience following a traumatic or adverse event; and has been reported among people who have experienced a first episode of psychosis. This body of research has an important limitation of not having examined how experiences of posttraumatic growth following a first episode of psychosis change over time. In this study, we examined different aspects and facilitators of posttraumatic growth approximately one year following participants’ initial interview.MethodsData were collected via semi-structured individual interviews with seven participants and analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes generated from the follow-up interviews were compared with those developed from the initial interviews.ResultsParticipants experienced challenges at the intersection of trauma, social adversity, and oppression; yet they also reported an improved sense of self; improved relationships with others; embracing existing or new activities; and engaging with and giving back to others. These changes were facilitated by personal resources; social and community-based support; and traditional mental health services and interventions.DiscussionPosttraumatic growth may continue over time. The broader social determinants of health that may lead to a resurgence of psychosis and potential challenges to posttraumatic growth, such as inequality, poverty, and discrimination, should be addressed. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 265-276 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2052164 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2052164 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:265-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2061041_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Francisco Javier Rosas-Santiago Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Javier Author-X-Name-Last: Rosas-Santiago Author-Name: Janet Jiménez Genchi Author-X-Name-First: Janet Author-X-Name-Last: Jiménez Genchi Author-Name: Isaí Sotelo Heredia Author-X-Name-First: Isaí Author-X-Name-Last: Sotelo Heredia Author-Name: Víctor Enrique Ramírez Zamora Author-X-Name-First: Víctor Enrique Author-X-Name-Last: Ramírez Zamora Title: Psychoeducation and group acceptance and commitment therapy as psychological support strategies for informal caregivers of patients with a first psychotic episode: an experimental study Abstract: BackgroundThis article reports the results of a study designed to describe and analyze the effect of a psychological intervention with psychoeducational components and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy techniques in a sample of informal primary caregivers of patients with a first psychotic episode.MethodThe experimental study involved 37 subjects, 18 of whom received the intervention and 19 of whom were on the waiting list. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were performed of the variables: perceived overload, burnout syndrome and stress coping. Treatment consisted of eight weekly group sessions.ResultsPrior to treatment, the scores of the variables studied in the control and experimental groups were equivalent. After the intervention, compared to the control group and after the possible influence of time on the results had been analyzed, it was found that those who had received treatment reported a significant decrease in “perceived overload” and “burnout syndrome”, as well as an increase in the use of “active coping” strategies. The changes were found to have small and medium effect sizes.DiscussionClinicians working in early care services for psychosis may consider this multi-component intervention an effective support strategy for enhancing the psychological well-being of caregivers. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 292-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2061041 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2061041 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:292-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2052450_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Erika Renedo Illarregi Author-X-Name-First: Erika Renedo Author-X-Name-Last: Illarregi Author-Name: Katerina Alexiou Author-X-Name-First: Katerina Author-X-Name-Last: Alexiou Author-Name: Gina DiMalta Author-X-Name-First: Gina Author-X-Name-Last: DiMalta Author-Name: Theodore Zamenopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Theodore Author-X-Name-Last: Zamenopoulos Title: Is designing therapeutic? A case study exploring the experience of co-design and psychosis Abstract: BackgroundA co-design project, consisting of individual and collective design activities, was organized with clients of a mental health service, in order to explore its potential to support people with psychosis. The group met for approximately two hours, weekly, for six months, participating in design activities and collectively deciding on the project purpose and outcome – a boardgame.MethodsThe experience of one group participant (Anthony) is explored, selected as the first case study within an Interpretative Phenomenological Analytical (IPA) framework. Following IPA’s ideographic focus, Anthony’s case was purposefully selected, as it portrayed a detailed picture, informing theoretical reflection on designing as therapeutic. The paper includes Anthony’s first-hand account, combined with an analysis of data from three semi-structured interviews, photographic evidence and a reflective diary kept by the lead researcher.ResultsResults suggest that, for Anthony, design activity: a) helps developing a sense of agency b) is experienced as grounding in reality c) contributes to the development of inter-personal relationships, and d) has a different sense of rhythm than artistic practice.DiscussionThese results are contextualized within literature on the lived experience of psychosis and suggest that designing can be beneficial for people with psychosis, providing the backdrop for further research and practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 277-291 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2052450 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2052450 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:277-291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2014943_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Rory P. Sorenson Author-X-Name-First: Rory P. Author-X-Name-Last: Sorenson Author-Name: Susan L. Rossell Author-X-Name-First: Susan L. Author-X-Name-Last: Rossell Author-Name: Philip J. Sumner Author-X-Name-First: Philip J. Author-X-Name-Last: Sumner Title: Exploring the associations between dimensions of schizotypy and social defeat Abstract: BackgroundThis study investigated relationships between self-reported experiences of social defeat and individual dimensions of self-reported schizotypy.Methods1632 adults aged between 18 and 79 participated across two non-clinical samples (n = 920, n = 712). Multiple regression analyses tested the relationships between dimensions of schizotypy and social defeat.ResultsThe analyses demonstrated evidence of relationships between increased overall schizotypy and increased social defeat, with schizotypal suspiciousness and disorganised or constrained thought and speech consistently emerging as the two most important individual predictors.ConclusionThese results suggest that increased schizotypy is associated with increased social defeat, although the specific relationships may depend on the specific aspects of social defeat and schizotypy being measured. Future research should investigate whether social defeat plays a role in the manifestation of specific schizotypy traits. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 306-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2014943 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2021.2014943 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:306-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2044896_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Bradley Hall Author-X-Name-First: Bradley Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Author-Name: Rachel Terry Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Terry Title: A grounded theory study exploring change processes following cognitive behavioural therapy for distressing voices Abstract: BackgroundCognitive Behavioural Therapy for voice hearing (CBTv) has been shown to be effective at reducing distress. However, it is unclear why voice hearers might deteriorate or continue to benefit post-intervention. This study aimed to explore therapeutic change processes following CBTv.MethodsA critical realist, grounded theory methodology was utilised. Individual interviews were conducted with 12 participants who had experienced distressing voice hearing and had completed a CBTv intervention in the last 3–12 months. Participants were recruited from a specialist hearing voices service.ResultsThree categories were found to be facilitative of positive change within CBTv: “New Ways of Managing”, “Overcoming Challenges” and “Gaining New Perspectives”. Five categories denoted the maintenance or furthering of positive change following intervention: “Having a Sense of Control”, “Standing on My Own Two Feet”, “Voices Are Just Part of My Life”, “Investing in Sustaining Relationships”, and “Rediscovering and Developing Identity”. Challenging circumstances faced by participants are also incorporated into a model for maintaining change following CBTv.DiscussionThe model adds to current literature on change processes occurring within and after CBTv. The results support the need for those working with voice hearers post-therapy to focus on rebuilding social relationships, meaning making and identity. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 252-264 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2044896 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2044896 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:252-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2038255_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Robert Reiser Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Reiser Author-Name: Douglas Turkington Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Turkington Author-Name: Michael Garrett Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett Title: Medication resistant psychosis: how many CBT sessions might be needed for recovery? A case report with psychodynamic commentary Abstract: BackgroundWhen clinicians adopt the standard 16–26 session maximum suggested by CBTp efficacy research, clients with long-term medication resistant psychosis may receive an inadequate dose of therapy. Building engagement and trust can take significantly longer for clients who have been given a stigmatizing medical explanation for their difficulties.MethodsWe present a case study of successful long-term CBTp consisting of 200 sessions over a 6-year period. Supervision aided the recovery process over the last 2 years of therapy.ResultsA client with a 30-year history of medication resistant persecutory delusions, voices, stigma and prominent negative symptoms gradually formed a working alliance with the therapist. A CBT formulation emphasizing activating the adaptive mode led to later targeted work to reduce distress and social avoidance and address underlying trauma. Social recovery was achieved with increased independence and enhanced creativity. A commentary is provided by a senior clinician from a psychodynamic perspective.DiscussionClients with long-term medication resistant psychosis often need an increased number of CBT sessions but can still recover. Ongoing supportive supervision prevents early discharge and a failure to achieve a recovery trajectory. We should not accept that medication resistant clients are CBT resistant following a brief course of therapy. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 219-228 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2038255 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2038255 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:219-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2064907_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Chris Griffiths Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Griffiths Author-Name: Kate Walker Author-X-Name-First: Kate Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Author-Name: Chloe Leathlean Author-X-Name-First: Chloe Author-X-Name-Last: Leathlean Title: An exploration of patient experience of sleep, physical activity, and exercise in early psychosis Abstract: BackgroundCompared to the general population, people with experience of psychosis have poorer physical fitness, higher levels of sedation, lower levels of physical activity, more sleep problems, and higher incidence of insomnia.MethodsThirty-one early intervention psychosis (EIP) service patients took part in an eight-week intervention: provision of a Fitbit, Fitbit software apps, sleep and physical activity guidance, and three discussion sessions with clinicians. Fifteen participants consented to be interviewed, 9 males and 6 females, age range 19–51, average age 29. In-depth interviews investigating patient experiences of sleep and physical activity were conducted. Thematic analysis was employed.ResultsPatients using an EIP service experience particular issues, problems, and barriers to engaging in effective and healthy sleep and physical activity/exercise; these can have a negative effect on mental and physical health, wellbeing, recovery, and sociability. Patients used factors such as medication, social support, practical strategies, and motivation enhancement to overcome issues, problems, and barriers.DiscussionHealthy effective sleep and physical activity/exercise is important to EIP service patients’ wellbeing and mental and physical health. EIP services should consider and assess sleep and physical activity/exercise issues, and promote healthy effective sleep and physical activity/exercise within recovery focused practice. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 319-331 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2064907 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2064907 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:319-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2089206_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Christopher A. Fowler Author-X-Name-First: Christopher A. Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler Author-Name: Laura A. Faith Author-X-Name-First: Laura A. Author-X-Name-Last: Faith Author-Name: Meghan E. Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Meghan E. Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Name: Melisa V. Rempfer Author-X-Name-First: Melisa V. Author-X-Name-Last: Rempfer Title: Examining the effects of subjective and objective neurocognition on recovery within serious mental illness: the role of diagnostic disclosure Abstract: BackgroundAlthough living openly with psychosis or other serious mental illness (SMI) can be important for recovery, people often conceal this identity. Social-cognitive models of diagnostic concealment/disclosure posit that perception of symptoms (e.g. perceived neurocognitive symptoms), rather than objective symptoms, evokes concern regarding disclosure. The study aims to: 1) highlight fear of diagnostic disclosure (DD) as a recovery barrier; 2) examine whether perceived symptoms or subjective neurocognitive complaints (SNCS) are associated with greater fear of DD; and 3) determine whether fear of DD is a mechanism (mediator) through which SNCS impact recovery.MethodsFifty people experiencing SMI completed measures of recovery, fear of DD, SNCS and objective neurocognition. Three participants were excluded due to incomplete testing.ResultsTo address Aim 1, correlations revealed negative associations for recovery with SNCS and fear of DD. SNCS and fear of DD were positively correlated. Better objective neurocognition was positively associated with SNCS, but not recovery. Consistent with Aims 2 and 3, SNCS were negatively associated with recovery via association with fear of DD.DiscussionResults suggest fear of DD is associated with perceived difficulties, independent of actual functioning. Treatments targeting disclosure may hold promise for facilitating recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 368-380 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2089206 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2089206 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:368-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2068645_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hannah Greenwood Author-X-Name-First: Hannah Author-X-Name-Last: Greenwood Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Chris Sanderson Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Sanderson Title: Distressing unusual experiences and beliefs in the lives of previously homeless individuals: a narrative analysis of the stories of white British men Abstract: BackgroundResearch suggests a correlation between homelessness and the prevalence of distressing unusual experiences and beliefs. This study aimed to explore how previously homeless individuals make sense of distressing unusual experiences and beliefs, by hearing their stories.MethodNarrative analysis was used to understand the stories of six previously homeless White British males who reported distressing unusual experiences and beliefs.ResultsParticipants’ stories involved a holistic and whole-life approach when making sense of distressing unusual beliefs and experiences. Plots included interpersonal experiences (trauma and abuse; loss; judgemental attitudes; fitting in and relational coping), and their intrapersonal consequences (physical wellbeing; substance use; spiritual, religious, and paranormal experiences; and safety, security, and stability).DiscussionA holistic, psychosocial, and whole-life approach may be helpful to support homeless individuals to make sense of distressing unusual experiences and beliefs and their coping responses. It may also be helpful to consider the changing sense of power, agency and autonomy when hearing their stories. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 332-343 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2068645 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2068645 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:332-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2111593_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Murphy Halliburton Author-X-Name-First: Murphy Author-X-Name-Last: Halliburton Title: Work and recovery from schizophrenia in India: a mixed methods study in Kerala Abstract: BackgroundAccording to the WHO, people diagnosed with schizophrenia in developing countries recover more fully than people with the same diagnosis in developed countries. At a time when international organizations are attempting to scale up biomedical psychiatric interventions in India and other low-income countries, it is important to understand why a place like India is doing better in recovery from serious psychosis.MethodInterviews of 20 people diagnosed with schizophrenia in Kerala, India were conducted to determine level of functioning and quality of worklife. Quantitative assessments of the relations between these factors were undertaken along with qualitative, ethnographic analysis of narratives of interviewees.ResultsAnalysis of interviews shows that quality of worklife is correlated with higher functioning among this group, and service user narratives claim that work enabled their recovery. Comparisons to other research further indicates that people in India with this diagnosis are more often employed than people with the same diagnosis in the United States and Europe.DiscussionEmployment and the quality of worklife appear to be positively related to recovery in terms of increasing functionality among people diagnosed with schizophrenia in this part of India. Certain employment programs and sociocultural factors likely contribute to differences in outcome. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 406-417 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2111593 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2111593 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:406-417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2108489_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Alexandra Bone Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra Author-X-Name-Last: Bone Author-Name: Rachel Terry Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Terry Author-Name: Rebecca Whitfield Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca Author-X-Name-Last: Whitfield Title: “It’s a dent, not a break”: an exploration of how care co-ordinators understand and navigate boundaries in early intervention in psychosis services Abstract: BackgroundEarly Intervention in Psychosis Services (EIP) offer a unique service model for people experiencing a first episode of psychosis. They are intensive case-management services which adopt an assertive outreach approach, employing flexible boundaries to meet clients in the community, and support them towards recovery and holistic goals. Current boundary theory is therefore not easily applied to this clinical context.This study aimed to explore how care-co-ordinators in EIP develop their understanding and practise around navigating boundaries.MethodsParticipants were 13 EIP care co-ordinators. Semi-structured interviews with participants were conducted and analysed using grounded theory.ResultsA concentric model emerged, defining different layers of influence impacting care co-ordinators’ navigation of boundaries. This included higher governing levels (e.g. professional codes of conduct), factors and challenges specific to EIP culture, client characteristics and individual care co-ordinator decision-making processes. A flexible, case-by-case approach was adopted in response to challenges.DiscussionFindings suggest clinical implications for how care co-ordinators can jointly construct appropriate boundaries with clients and families, and discuss dilemmas using the team resource. This model can be used as a tool in clinical practice to aid clinicians’ thinking and reflection around boundaries within EIP. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 381-393 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2108489 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2108489 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:381-393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2111595_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Aubrey M. Moe Author-X-Name-First: Aubrey M. Author-X-Name-Last: Moe Author-Name: Heather M. Wastler Author-X-Name-First: Heather M. Author-X-Name-Last: Wastler Author-Name: Jacob G. Pine Author-X-Name-First: Jacob G. Author-X-Name-Last: Pine Author-Name: Nicholas J. K. Breitborde Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas J. K. Author-X-Name-Last: Breitborde Title: Metacognitive skills training and computerized cognitive remediation among individuals with first-episode psychosis: influence on social cognition Abstract: BackgroundMetacognitive skills training (MST) is often integrated into cognitive remediation programs for psychosis. Social cognition – the mental processes underlying social perception and behavior – is robustly related to outcomes in psychosis and is increasingly addressed with targeted treatments. Though metacognition and social cognition are related constructs, little is known about how MST may influence social cognition among individuals with psychosis participating in broad-based, non-social cognitive remediation.MethodsIndividuals with first-episode psychosis who completed six months of metacognitive remediation (MCR; n = 12) were compared to a historical control group who received six months of computerized cognition remediation (CCR; n = 10) alone (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01570972).ResultsThough individuals receiving MCR experienced gains in emotion processing and theory of mind, these changes were not significantly different when compared to individuals receiving CCR. MST did not contribute to social cognitive change in the context of CCR.DiscussionThough MST may be relevant to facilitating social cognitive gains within broader cognitive remediation programs for first-episode psychosis, these benefits are limited and may not exceed those conferred by standard cognitive remediation. Opportunities for investigation of other potential mechanisms of social cognitive response to interventions remain. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 418-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2111595 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2111595 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:418-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2086607_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hanna de Waal Author-X-Name-First: Hanna Author-X-Name-Last: de Waal Author-Name: Mary Boyle Author-X-Name-First: Mary Author-X-Name-Last: Boyle Author-Name: Anne Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Title: Trapped in contradictions: professionals’ accounts of the concept of schizophrenia and its use in clinical practice Abstract: BackgroundThe concept of schizophrenia has been contested since its inception. Over the last decades, criticism of the concept has become increasingly mainstream and calls for its abandonment have intensified. Nevertheless, the concept remains widely used and retains taken-for-granted status within much mental health research and practice. The combination of its contested status and continued use raises questions about how it is used and with what implications for people who receive the diagnosis.MethodsThis study explores how ‘schizophrenia’ is spoken about by mental health professionals who use the diagnosis in day-to-day practice. Eight interviews with professionals across professions were analysed using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis.ResultsTwo striking and consistent themes were identified. The first is a discrepancy between the way participants talked about ‘schizophrenia’ to the interviewer, and the way they described talking about it in clinical encounters. The second is the potentially entrapping impact of the wider discourses participants drew on in talk about clinical encounters.ConclusionsThe study concludes with reflections on how those working in the mental health field can break out of this discursive entrapment, and help the people they work with do the same. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 357-367 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2086607 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2086607 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:357-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2109717_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Casandra Roy Gelencser Author-X-Name-First: Casandra Author-X-Name-Last: Roy Gelencser Author-Name: Geneviève Sauvé Author-X-Name-First: Geneviève Author-X-Name-Last: Sauvé Author-Name: Susanna Konsztowicz Author-X-Name-First: Susanna Author-X-Name-Last: Konsztowicz Author-Name: Claude Bélanger Author-X-Name-First: Claude Author-X-Name-Last: Bélanger Author-Name: Martin Lepage Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Lepage Title: The impact of mental illness on self-concept: relationship between engulfment, cognitive insight, and depression in schizophrenia Abstract: BackgroundThe presence of good clinical and cognitive insight has been linked to depression in people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Clinical and cognitive insight, respectively, refer to the awareness of one’s symptoms and need for treatment and to being conscious of modifications in one’s reasoning processes. Engulfment, or over-identification to a sick role that becomes the patient’s central identity, has been found to mediate the relationship between clinical insight and depression. However, the relationship between engulfment, cognitive insight and depression has not been investigated. Consequently, this study examined the potential mediating role of engulfment in the association between cognitive insight and depressionMethodsThe sample consisted of 140 participants diagnosed with enduring schizophrenia (for at least 3 years). Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted to examine associations between cognitive insight, engulfment and depressive symptomatologyResultsOur analyses revealed that cognitive insight was significantly and positively correlated with engulfment. This association was driven by the self-reflectiveness subscale of the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. Engulfment was significantly correlated with depression. Finally, engulfment mediated the relationship between cognitive insight, and depression.DiscussionIn the context of good cognitive insight, engulfment should be a target for psychological interventions aimed at lowering the risk of depression. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 394-405 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2109717 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2109717 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:394-405 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2080859_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Claire Wheeler Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Wheeler Author-Name: Lisa Wood Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Eilis Quinlan Author-X-Name-First: Eilis Author-X-Name-Last: Quinlan Author-Name: Alison Spencer Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer Title: “Snitches get stitches”: a qualitative exploration of childhood bullying in first episode psychosis Abstract: BackgroundThere has been a developing interest in understanding childhood bullying and how it may relate to experiences of psychosis, although to date, there is limited research in this area. The aim of this research was to explore the subjective experiences of childhood bullying for individuals experiencing psychosis. A secondary aim was to explore whether individuals perceive bullying to be relevant to their experiences of psychosis.MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted with eight individuals under the care of Early Intervention in Psychosis services. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.ResultsFour superordinate and accompanying subordinate themes were developed. The superordinate themes were “facing daily threat”, “overcoming systemic mistrust”, “negotiating power imbalance” and “a process of evolving identity”. These themes identified that bullying was a prevalent and traumatic experience that was not considered enough in services or schools.DiscussionProfessionals need to enquire about childhood bullying when working with people experiencing psychosis, allowing time to build trusting and empowering therapeutic relationships. Services should also pay more attention to the impact of experiences of bullying when working clinically with service users experiencing psychosis and integrate this into formulations and therapeutic interventions. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 344-356 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2080859 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2080859 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:344-356 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2233604_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Yvonne Hughes Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne Author-X-Name-Last: Hughes Title: Indicative trauma impact manual Journal: Psychosis Pages: 424-425 Issue: 4 Volume: 15 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2233604 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2233604 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:424-425 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2147983_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Ben Gray Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Gray Title: Lived experience research: a guide to the barriers and facilitators from a service user’s perspective Abstract: In this article, Dr Ben Gray (a Research Ambassador and Service User Researcher at Healthwatch Essex who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and Asperger’s syndrome) describes the barriers and facilitators to successful lived experience research, service user involvement and co-production. Ben has over 20 years of experience as a service user researcher. This comes at a time when Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) and service user involvement are required in research proposals, research funding bids and broader and more inclusive research projects and methods/methodologies. This article should also help and guide other service users who are involved or considering becoming involved in lived experience/service user research. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 98-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2147983 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2147983 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:98-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2128860_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Edward Harvey Author-X-Name-First: Edward Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey Author-Name: Daniel Mutanda Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Mutanda Author-Name: Anna-Marie Jones Author-X-Name-First: Anna-Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: Mark Hayward Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward Title: How should psychological interventions for distressing voices be delivered: a comparison of outcomes for patients who received interventions remotely or face-to-face within routine clinical practice? Abstract: AimsThis service evaluation aimed to compare the outcomes for interventions for distressing voices that were delivered face-to-face (F2F) or remotely. It was hypothesised that F2F interventions would generate greater reductions in the primary outcome of the negative impact of voices, relative to remote delivery.MethodsSixty-three patients (33 F2F; 30 remote) completed a baseline assessment, 4–8 sessions of intervention and a post-intervention assessment. At both assessments, patients completed questionnaires that measured voice hearing experiences, recovery, depression and anxiety. The primary outcome was negative impact of voices measured by the Hamilton Programme for Schizophrenia Voices Questionnaire-Emotional Subscale (HPSVQ-ES).ResultsA non-significant difference was found between groups. The Minimum Clinically Important Difference for the primary outcome was met for remote delivery and was within the confidence intervals for F2F. Given a larger sample size, these findings suggest that interventions may have generated clinically meaningful benefits, irrespective of the mode of delivery.DiscussionGiven the small sample size, it may be premature to draw any conclusions from this evaluation. However, the promising outcomes across modes of delivery suggest that it may be appropriate to offer patients a choice of how they wish to receive interventions for distressing voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 91-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2128860 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2128860 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:91-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2116474_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Lucy Carter Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Carter Author-Name: Tom Isherwood Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Isherwood Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Title: The experience of community mental health teams by people with long-term experience of psychosis Abstract: BACKGROUNDThe recovery movement has facilitated a move from a palliative approach to care, to one that emphasises the possibility and likelihood of recovery. This study aimed to explore people’s experience of community mental health services, and to explore any changes that have occurred over-time.METHODA qualitative study was conducted using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Seven individuals who have experience of psychosis and who have been involved with services for 5 years or more, were recruited from community mental health teams in the UK. Interviews were conducted via the telephone using a semi-structured approach.RESULTSIndividuals reported a mixed experience of services. Four super-ordinate themes were identified; 1) Grateful for connection; 2) Hesitant about being dissatisfied; 3) The unequal distribution of power; and 4) An enduring vulnerability.DISCUSSIONService-users benefited from a secure and connected relationship with professionals. They were less comfortable about criticising services but did describe some elements of care that were oppressive and isolating. Furthermore, the balance of power continues to favour professionals, with a more equal relationship required if we are to facilitate recovery and empower service-users. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 28-39 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2116474 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2116474 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:28-39 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2116475_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Mark Pearson Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson Author-Name: Stefan Rennick-Egglestone Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Rennick-Egglestone Author-Name: Gary Winship Author-X-Name-First: Gary Author-X-Name-Last: Winship Title: The poetic wavelength – a narrative interview study exploring the potential of poetry to support meaning making and recovery following psychosis Abstract: BackgroundDespite growing evidence demonstrating the psychotherapeutic potential of reading and writing poetry for various mental health problems, there remains limited evidence in relation to psychosis. This paper explores the therapeutic potential of poetry for psychosis by exploring the narratives of people with experience of psychosis who read and write poetry and people who are using poetry therapeutically within their practice.MethodsNineteen participants were recruited to the research and data was collected via narrative interviews. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and subjected to Labovian narrative analysis.ResultsFour themes were identified: i) the unsayable becoming sayable; ii) poetry supporting discovery, play and meaning making; iii) relational expression through poetry; and iv) poetry and recovery.DiscussionThe research offers a poetic window into the way in which we might begin to understand the language of psychosis and the interpersonal communication challenge therein. The authors propose the concept of the “poetic wavelength” which can inform the education of practitioners who are working with people who experience psychosis. Understanding the “Poetic Wavelength” offers an alternative form of meaning making, developing the capacity of practitioners in being able to accurately detect emotional states, and to respond accordingly, ultimately improving the experience of service users. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 40-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2116475 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2116475 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:40-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2263784_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Megan Wildhood Author-X-Name-First: Megan Author-X-Name-Last: Wildhood Title: A book review of Crash: a memoir of overmedication and recovery Journal: Psychosis Pages: 103-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2263784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2263784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:103-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2293761_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Kayla Greenstien Author-X-Name-First: Kayla Author-X-Name-Last: Greenstien Title: Traces of Madness: a graphic memoir Journal: Psychosis Pages: 104-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2293761 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2293761 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:104-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2141841_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Sara Rhiannon King Author-X-Name-First: Sara Rhiannon Author-X-Name-Last: King Author-Name: Mark Allan Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Allan Author-Name: Laura Lindsey Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Lindsey Title: “I found hundreds of other people…but I still wasn’t believed” – An exploratory study on lived experiences of antipsychotic withdrawal Abstract: BackgroundAntipsychotic withdrawal refers to a diverse range of symptoms and experiences, which can occur secondary to the cessation or reduction in dose of an antipsychotic drug. This study addresses the shortage of qualitative research that investigates users’ hopes, expectations, and feelings throughout the process, as well as limited research on people prescribed antipsychotics for off-license indications.MethodsNine people recruited from online user-led groups and forums relevant to antipsychotic withdrawal took part in semi-structured interviews via online video. Four of the participants were prescribed antipsychotics for off-licence indications. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes.ResultsThe themes were: balancing priorities, withdrawal journey, invalidation of experiences and peer community. Findings show the extent of symptoms that can be experienced secondary to antipsychotic discontinuation, they highlight the wider individual context that antipsychotics impact, and the meaningful reasoning behind withdrawal decisions.DiscussionThis study highlights the importance of developing clinical guidelines for antipsychotic withdrawal to facilitate service-user choice and minimize harms when making decisions about discontinuation. These findings endorse a shift towards full disclosure on the risk of antipsychotic withdrawal effects at the point of starting antipsychotics thus allowing service-users to make informed choices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 15-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2141841 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2141841 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:15-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2131891_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Thomas Mountjoy Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Mountjoy Author-Name: Alastair G. Cardno Author-X-Name-First: Alastair G. Author-X-Name-Last: Cardno Author-Name: Anjula Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Anjula Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Mitch G. Waterman Author-X-Name-First: Mitch G. Author-X-Name-Last: Waterman Title: To what extent do clinical psychologists working in early psychosis routinely explore trauma with their clients? Abstract: BackgroundThe study explored the extent to which a sample of clinical psychologists in Early Intervention Psychosis (EIP) services routinely investigated trauma with clients.MethodA novel vignette-semi-structured telephone interview approach was used. To avoid limiting conceptualisations of these phenomena, for example, by solely considering trauma as a contributory or aetiological factor in psychosis, the study was designed to allow wider exploration of relationships and other key factors.ResultsThe majority of the sample reported routine investigation of severe adversity, abuse, or trauma (AAT) with clients, assuming broad definitions. Assessment procedures were collaborative and client-led. An appropriate context was deemed necessary before trauma was explored, including engagement and a psychologically safe environment. The overall findings highlighted explicit investigation of, broadly defined, trauma-related issues within heterogeneous approaches to working with psychosis.DiscussionWhile trauma was one key factor, links with psychosis were complex in practice. Participants appeared to operate within a more complex understanding of psychosis than researchers may sometimes be willing to promote. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 1-14 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2131891 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2131891 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:1-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2141843_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Lauren A. Bradley Author-X-Name-First: Lauren A. Author-X-Name-Last: Bradley Author-Name: Louise Combes Author-X-Name-First: Louise Author-X-Name-Last: Combes Author-Name: Alex Perry Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: Perry Author-Name: Remennie Brooks Author-X-Name-First: Remennie Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks Title: ‘Client's perspectives and the efficacy of Dramatherapy for Early Psychosis’ Abstract: BackgroundDramatherapy is not a standard treatment pathway within Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP), but it appears evident that it has a place in locations where treatment options are insufficient for some within this population.AimsTo review service evaluation data following an 8-year period of Dramatherapy in EIP. We wanted to understand how Dramatherapy was relevant to recovery from the client’s perspective and evaluate the specific change ingredient present in Dramatherapy interventions.MethodsWe carried out a thematic analysis upon 47 client feedback questionnaires following a period of Dramatherapy.ResultsThe analysis illustrated two main themes; clients’ “experience of Dramatherapy” and “the process of change”. Findings indicated the importance of a place to reflect using theatrical techniques. They valued the method of co-produced sessions which prioritised shared experience engendering peer support which enabled clients to gain new perspectives together. Dramatherapy supported clients to become more communicative with others, more able to engage in activities and develop new perspectives.DIscussionDramatherapy is a much-required additional intervention for those experiencing psychosis and for EIP settings which are dominated by cognitive approaches. Client perspectives have been able to demonstrate the value of dramatic techniques in their recovery. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 78-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2141843 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2141843 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:78-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2134443_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Rob Allison Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Allison Title: A tripartite relationship theory of voice hearing: a grounded theory study Abstract: BackgroundSome people receiving mental healthcare experience distress related to voice hearing and the available support. Some practitioners lack knowledge and confidence in providing this support. Furthermore, coercion in mental healthcare can negatively affect voice hearer-practitioner relationships. Previous research investigating mental health distress, including voice hearing, has largely emphasised an individual-centric perspective. Less is known about voice hearers’ and practitioners’ relational experiences within mental healthcare contexts and how this might influence voice hearing.MethodsThis was a qualitative study that utilised a constructivist Grounded Theory methodology to explore the experiences of voice hearers (n = 15), through semi-structured interviews, and practitioners (n = 18) through focus group discussions (n = 3).ResultsA tripartite relationship theory situates experiences of voice hearing within a mental healthcare context, mediated through a tripartite voice hearer – voice – practitioner relationship. This consists of five themes: Level of agency; Interpersonal dynamic; Who’s making sense; Medication: helping or hindering; and Personal bully.DiscussionThis paper presents a novel theory, grounded in voice hearers’ and practitioners’ experiences. This expands on current knowledge about voice hearing by situating voice hearing experiences within relational and clinical contexts. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 65-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2134443 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2134443 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:65-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2118358_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Jessica Maura Author-X-Name-First: Jessica Author-X-Name-Last: Maura Author-Name: Salman Shaheen Ahmad Author-X-Name-First: Salman Shaheen Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad Author-Name: Amy Weisman de Mamani Author-X-Name-First: Amy Author-X-Name-Last: Weisman de Mamani Title: The impact of familial involvement on dropout in a culturally informed group therapy for people diagnosed with ‘schizophrenia’ Abstract: BackgroundIndividuals with schizophrenia diagnoses are high-risk for dropout from mental health treatments, yet few studies have examined whether familial involvement in therapy impacts dropout.MethodsWe examined whether familial involvement and other demographic variables predicted dropout among 101 patients enrolled in culturally informed group therapy for people diagnosed with ‘schizophrenia’ (CIGT-S), which incorporates collectivistic principles and spiritual coping into treatment. We reviewed records and conducted follow-up calls to identify reasons for dropout, and performed survival analyses to identify when dropout was likely.ResultsFamilial involvement was linked to greater engagement with treatment and lower dropout, signifying a mechanism for improving treatment attendance in this group. Ethnic minorities and patients with higher symptom severity demonstrated higher rates of dropout. Most patients dropped out of CIGT-S before treatment began. However, significantly lower levels of dropout were observed among those who made it to session 9 (end of the spirituality module). An inability to maintain contact with participants was the most cited reason for dropout within records, and structural reasons (e.g. moving away) were commonly cited among participants who were successfully followed-up with.DiscussionFuture work may identify whether family functioning or the quality of familial relationships may predict familial involvement and, consequently, treatment attendance. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 52-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2118358 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2118358 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:1:p:52-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2162955_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Stephanie Allan Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie Author-X-Name-Last: Allan Author-Name: Ciarán O’Driscoll Author-X-Name-First: Ciarán Author-X-Name-Last: O’Driscoll Author-Name: Hamish J. McLeod Author-X-Name-First: Hamish J. Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod Author-Name: John Gleeson Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Gleeson Author-Name: John Farhall Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Farhall Author-Name: Emma Morton Author-X-Name-First: Emma Author-X-Name-Last: Morton Author-Name: Imogen Bell Author-X-Name-First: Imogen Author-X-Name-Last: Bell Author-Name: Simon Bradstreet Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Bradstreet Author-Name: Mathew Machin Author-X-Name-First: Mathew Author-X-Name-Last: Machin Author-Name: Andrew Gumley Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Gumley Title: Fear of psychotic relapse: exploring dynamic relationships with common early warning signs of relapse using electronic once-a-day self-reports Abstract: BackgroundFear of relapse into psychosis is an independent risk factor for future relapse events, indicating its importance as a novel intervention target.MethodsTwenty-five participants responded to daily ecological momentary assessment prompts assessing common early warning signs of relapse and self-reported positive experiences like feeling supported by others. We conducted multilevel vector auto-regression using common symptoms assessed in early warning signs monitoring relapse prevention while controlling for positive self-reported experiences like feeling supported by others to estimate three networks (to explore concurrent, temporal and overall relationships).ResultsReporting fear of relapse was positively associated (within the same cross-sectional time window) with hearing voices, alongside anxiety, negative affect and sleep change. Fear of relapse appeared to predict anxiety, negative affect and greater fear of relapse on the next consecutive day. However, none of the typical early warning signs predicted fear of relapse within the temporal window, and the observed relationships were small.DiscussionEarly warning signs appeared to be poor predictors of experiencing fear of relapse in this study. Fear of relapse predicts later anxiety and negative affect and may be a valuable intervention target within the daily life of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 167-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2162955 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2162955 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:167-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2176536_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Dongjoo Kim Author-X-Name-First: Dongjoo Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Daeho Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daeho Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Eun Kyoung Kim Author-X-Name-First: Eun Kyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Dissociation mediates association between childhood trauma and distress from trauma research participation: analysis of pooled clinical data Abstract: BackgroundChildhood trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are risk factors for emotional distress from trauma-related research participation. The role of dissociation, however, has not been investigated. This study examined the mediation effect of dissociation and PTSD on the relationship between childhood trauma and distress in trauma studies.MethodsPooled data of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Impact of Events Scale-Revised, Dissociative Experiences Scale-Taxon, and Trauma Antecedents Questionnaire from 231 psychiatric patients (73% diagnosed with psychotic illnesses) at a psychiatric clinic in South Korea were analysed. We performed multiple mediation effect analysis to verify a structural model for distress in trauma-related questionnaires.ResultsThirteen percent of participants reported distress after the survey. In the structural equation, the symptoms of PTSD did not show a significant relationship (p = .064). When the two parameters were included in the model, it was found that the direct effect of childhood trauma on distress was not significant (p = .43), but dissociation showed a direct effect on distress (p < .001).DiscussionChildhood trauma affects distress through the sequential mediating effect of PTSD symptoms and dissociation. Dissociation should be considered as a significant contributor to distress from trauma research participation along with childhood trauma and PTSD. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 118-130 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2176536 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2176536 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:118-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2160487_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Katrina Brown Author-X-Name-First: Katrina Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Author-Name: Sarah Parry Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Parry Title: How do people with first episode psychosis experience therapeutic relationships with mental health practitioners? A narrative review Abstract: BackgroundFirst-episode psychosis (FEP) refers to the first time someone experiences an episode of psychosis, which can be frightening and confusing, leading people to make their first contact with early intervention services. Early intervention is widely accepted as beneficial for long-term recovery and symptom management. A universal feature of intervention is a relationship with mental health practitioners. Therapeutic relationships experienced as positive are also associated with better outcomes across mental health settings. However, little is known about what is helpful within therapeutic relationships for people with FEPMethodThe current review aimed to develop a rich understanding of beneficial features of therapeutic relationships for people with FEP to enhance service delivery. Databases searched were: APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL.ResultsA systematic search yielded 178 papers, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. Publications reviewed were from Singapore, Western Finnish Lapland, England, Canada, the United States of America, Denmark, and Australia. The papers were published across 12 journals; 81% were qualitative, 12% were quantitative, and one was a mixed methods study.DiscussionIt is recommended that creating a safe space to talk, taking a non-judgemental approach, and developing trust between practitioner and client should be prioritised for people with FEP. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 155-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2160487 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2160487 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:155-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2215298_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Eleanor Longden Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor Author-X-Name-Last: Longden Author-Name: Alison Branitsky Author-X-Name-First: Alison Author-X-Name-Last: Branitsky Author-Name: Bryony Sheaves Author-X-Name-First: Bryony Author-X-Name-Last: Sheaves Author-Name: Nisha Chauhan Author-X-Name-First: Nisha Author-X-Name-Last: Chauhan Author-Name: Anthony P. Morrison Author-X-Name-First: Anthony P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison Title: Preferred treatment outcomes in psychological therapy for voices: a comparison of staff and service-user perspectives Abstract: BackgroundAs access to psychological therapy for voice-hearing continues to increase, it is important to understand what treatment outcomes may be particularly valued by those who coordinate, administer, and engage with such interventions.MethodsSelf-report cross-sectional questionnaires were distributed amongst samples of transdiagnostic voice-hearers and multidisciplinary mental health staff to identify and contrast opinions on the importance of different treatment outcomes for therapeutic work with voices.ResultsResponses were received by 89 service-users and 176 staff members. Both groups showed many similarities in their view of desirable treatment goals, although service-users were more likely to prioritise a clinically focussed view of recovery (voice cessation), while staff emphasised a more psychosocial view (to live the life one wants to while hearing voices).DiscussionStudy limitations and implications for clinical practice are discussed, including the value of collaborative goal setting when supporting clients who experience distressing voices. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 107-117 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2215298 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2215298 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:107-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2197030_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Pierre-Antoine Gillouin Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Antoine Author-X-Name-Last: Gillouin Author-Name: David Mattatia Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Mattatia Author-Name: Cyrille Bouvet Author-X-Name-First: Cyrille Author-X-Name-Last: Bouvet Title: Virtual reality for clinical evaluation and treatment in schizophrenia: a systematic review Abstract: ObjectiveThe objective of the present systematic review is to answer the following question: is there enough scientific evidence to conclude that virtual reality is an effective tool to evaluate and treat the symptoms of people diagnosed with with schizophrenia?BackgroundEight systematic literature reviews and one meta-analysis focused on this question have recently been published. However, while they tend toward the conclusion that VR is of value in the evaluation and treatment of people diagnosed with schizophrenic disorders, they have important limitations.MethodWe used the PRISMA method. Using the keywords “virtual reality”, “video game”, “schizophrenia”, “therapy” to search in four databases. 31 articles met our selection criteria (with independent double screening). We analyzed the objectives, methods, tools and results of each article.ResultsTwenty of the selected articles provide scientific evidence of the effectiveness of VR for evaluating different domains in schizophrenia. The other eleven articles focus on evidence of therapeutic effectiveness of interventions with VR tools. However, because of the diversity of the dimensions evaluated or treated, and of the VR tools used, replication studies are lacking.DiscussionThere is some scientific evidence that VR tools can be effective in the evaluation and treatment of dimensions of schizophrenia, in particular cognitive dimensions. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these results, replicating measures of the same dimensions using the same VR tools. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 212-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2197030 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2197030 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:212-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2145347_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Estelle Heather Susan Rapsey Author-X-Name-First: Estelle Heather Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Rapsey Author-Name: Nathalia Monday Pilcher Author-X-Name-First: Nathalia Monday Author-X-Name-Last: Pilcher Title: “The world is a beautiful place – I want to explore that a bit”: the experience of taking part in an adventure therapy sailing project by a group of individuals who have experienced psychosis Abstract: AimsThis paper aims to provide an overview of the lived experience of a group of individuals who participated in an adventure therapy project, as an adjunct to their routine clinical care with an Early Intervention Service (EIS) for psychosis. We hope it will support the growing literature in this field as well as encourage other services to adopt these approaches within their settings.MethodA group of individuals who had experienced a First Episode of Psychosis (FEP) participated in a programme of outdoor activities, culminating in a six-day residential sailing adventure (N = 5). A semi-structured interview was used to explore their experiences, and an inductive thematic analysis was undertaken to identify themes.ResultsFour key themes emerged from the analysis of the transcripts. The themes centred around what people learnt about themselves from taking part in the project: “enhanced self-perception”; “building friendships and being part of a shared experience”; “navigating and overcoming new challenges”; and “working together as a team”.DiscussionAdventure-based approaches offer the opportunity to enhance standard treatment outcomes in EIS, and the unique context in which they occur provides a platform to support social and occupational recovery from psychosis. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 144-154 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2145347 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2145347 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:144-154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2338372_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Clara Humpston Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Humpston Title: Psychosis risk and experience of the self Journal: Psychosis Pages: 230-231 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2024.2338372 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2024.2338372 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:230-231 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2141840_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Kerry Middleton Author-X-Name-First: Kerry Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton Author-Name: Anne Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: Rufus May Author-X-Name-First: Rufus Author-X-Name-Last: May Title: “It allowed us to let our pain out”: perspectives from voice-hearers and their voices on the ‘talking with voices’ approach Abstract: BackgroundThe “Talking with Voices” (TwV) approach is a novel, formulation-driven approach to helping people who hear distressing voices. It is based on an understanding of voice-hearing as a relational phenomenon, often linked to trauma. Therapy involves facilitation of dialogical engagement between hearers and their voices. There are as yet few empirical studies of the approach.MethodThe current study explored experiences of the TwV approach from the perspectives of voice-hearers and also of their voices. Ten qualitative interviews were subjected to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.ResultsBoth hearers and their voices felt that the TwV approach can be a powerful enabler of positive change, and that it provides a valuable means of working through past trauma. Establishing a safe base – with time to build trust in the process – was considered key, as were the personal qualities of the facilitator, including openness, courage and a non-judgemental approach. Participants also saw flexibility as important, including the ability to try things out within the work. It was also important that the ideas behind the approach made sense to the participant. Perceived barriers included the medicalised nature of current services and the lack of availability of the TwV approach.ConclusionThe findings provide support for the acceptability and value of dialogical approaches to helping people who hear voices. In particular, they suggest that participating in TwV can help people develop an understanding of, and a more peaceful relationship with, their voices. The study is novel in eliciting perspectives from the voices themselves, and this yielded valuable insights. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 131-143 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2141840 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2141840 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:131-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2163686_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Joanna Farr Author-X-Name-First: Joanna Author-X-Name-Last: Farr Author-Name: John E. Rhodes Author-X-Name-First: John E. Author-X-Name-Last: Rhodes Author-Name: Ella Baruch Author-X-Name-First: Ella Author-X-Name-Last: Baruch Author-Name: Jonathan A. Smith Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan A. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: First episode psychotic mania and its aftermath: the experience of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder Abstract: BackgroundOptimal intervention for people diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) is seen as a priority within early intervention psychosis services. This is the first study to explore the experience of first-episode psychotic mania and its aftermath for people diagnosed with BD, and the potential implications for treatment.MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 young adults following first-episode psychotic mania and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).ResultsTwo overarching themes were identified: (i) “Changing states of self during first episode”; (ii) “Struggling with loss of self during episode aftermath”. Participants experienced exceptional, persecutory and angry states during psychotic mania, leading to identity disruption and low feelings or depression post-episode. Some mourned the loss of their exceptional manic self, and attempted to relapse into mania, while others struggled with the loss of who they had been prior to their episode.DiscussionResults emphasise the importance of understanding identity change during first-episode psychotic mania and how that might be used to address identity disruption and low feelings during recovery. This process is likely to be pertinent to early intervention and prevention of manic relapse following first-episode BD. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 182-192 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2163686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2022.2163686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:182-192 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2177326_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Samantha Carley Author-X-Name-First: Samantha Author-X-Name-Last: Carley Author-Name: G. Camelia Adams Author-X-Name-First: G. Camelia Author-X-Name-Last: Adams Title: The interaction between attachment, trauma and cannabis in creating vulnerability for psychosis Abstract: Background and MethodResearch has shown that psychotic illness is more prevalent in frequent cannabis users, even though many people enjoy cannabis recreationally without major concerns. Therefore, understanding what creates vulnerability for dangerous cannabis use patterns and psychosis is of major importance.ResultPsychological risk factors such as exposure to trauma/adversity and attachment style have been shown to create risk for both harmful patterns of cannabis use and psychosis.DiscussionHowever, evidence regarding the individual and cumulative effects of these factors on psychosis onset and severity is lacking. Understanding the role of trauma and attachment in creating vulnerability for cannabis overuse might lead to incorporation of trauma and attachment-oriented therapies in the treatment of suitable individuals with early psychosis and cannabis misuse, and the development of more effective prevention. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 207-211 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2177326 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2177326 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:207-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RPSY_A_2175233_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Ian Kearney Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Kearney Author-Name: Angela Veale Author-X-Name-First: Angela Author-X-Name-Last: Veale Author-Name: Mike Murphy Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy Title: Facilitators of posttraumatic growth in family members of persons with experiences of psychosis: a thematic synthesis Abstract: AimsPosttraumatic growth (PTG) refers to positive psychological changes that can occur from the struggle with traumatic experiences. Literature suggests the caregiving experience in psychosis is one which can be highly traumatic. Yet, more recently, a small but growing body of research suggests that positive aspects to caring as well as growth narratives can also result from this experience. The aim of this review was to identify facilitators of PTG in family members caring for an individual with psychosis.MethodsThe review utilised thematic synthesis to analyse the included qualitative studies. A search of nine electronic databases was performed (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PILOTS, ProQuest Central, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science). Qualitative studies were included if any domains of PTG were reported.ResultsA total of twelve papers, including 156 participants met inclusion criteria and were analysed in the review. Thematic synthesis yielded four overarching themes, along with a number of subthemes: Unbreakable Family Bond, Meaning Making through Suffering, Strength through Solidarity and Accepting the Journey.DiscussionFindings of this review suggest that caregivers can and do experience PTG when certain facilitators are present. Professionals can play a vital role in supporting caregivers to adjust to and progress along their journey in developing posttraumatic growth. Journal: Psychosis Pages: 193-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2175233 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/17522439.2023.2175233 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:rpsyxx:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:193-206