Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans True
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: True
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Author-Name: Kelvin C.P. Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin C.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Inaugural editorial for the International Journal of Rail Transportation
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.798082
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.798082
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Author-Name: He Xia
Author-X-Name-First: He
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Author-Name: Chengbiao Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Chengbiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Mangmang Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Mangmang
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Xiaozhen Li
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaozhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Xiangrong Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangrong
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Nan Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Nan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Kaiyun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kaiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: High-speed train-track-bridge dynamic interactions - Part I: theoretical model and numerical simulation
Abstract:
This paper presents a framework to systematically investigate
the high-speed train-track-bridge dynamic interactions, aiming to provide
a method for analysing and assessing the running safety and the ride
comfort of trains passing through bridges, which are critically important
for the design of new high-speed railway bridges. Train-track-bridge
interactive mechanism is illustrated. A fundamental model is established
for analysing the train-track-bridge dynamic interactions, in which the
vehicle subsystem is coupled with the track subsystem through a spatially
interacted wheel-rail model; and the track subsystem is coupled with the
bridge subsystem by a track-bridge dynamic interaction model. Modelling of
each subsystem and each interactive relationship between subsystems are
presented. An explicit-implicit integration scheme is adopted to
numerically solve the equations of motion of the large non-linear dynamic
system in the time domain. Computer simulation software named the
train-track-bridge interaction simulation software (TTBSIM) is developed
to predict the vertical and lateral dynamic responses of the
train-track-bridge coupled system.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 3-24
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.791498
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.791498
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:3-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Author-Name: Shaolin Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Shaolin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Nan Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Nan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Mangmang Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Mangmang
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: He Xia
Author-X-Name-First: He
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Author-Name: Chengbiao Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Chengbiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Chunfa Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Chunfa
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Title: High-speed train-track-bridge dynamic interactions - Part II: experimental validation and engineering application
Abstract:
Experimental validation is a precondition for dynamic
simulation of high-speed train-track-bridge interaction system to be
applied to railway engineering in the field. The paper first presents an
onsite experiment of the train-track-bridge interaction dynamics carried
out on the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway, and then the experimental
results are used to validate the train-track-bridge interaction simulation
software (TTBSIM). There is a good correlation between the calculated
results and the measured data. As a case study, the Yellow River Bridge in
the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is studied, from modelling of the
bridge structure to evaluating the dynamic performance of the
train-track-bridge interaction system under the CRH3 EMU
passing through at speeds of 250-375 km/h. The calculated and measured
results are also compared in the case of such a large steel bridge under
high-speed moving train, demonstrating the effectiveness of the TTBSIM
simulation for dynamic evaluation of complex bridge structures in
high-speed railways.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 25-41
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.791497
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.791497
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:25-41
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Livio Gasparetto
Author-X-Name-First: Livio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gasparetto
Author-Name: Stefano Alfi
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Alfi
Author-Name: Stefano Bruni
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruni
Title: Data-driven condition-based monitoring of high-speed railway bogies
Abstract:
In this paper, a method is proposed to monitor the running
stability in a high-speed railway bogie and to detect and resolve
different faults that may occur in bogie components critical to vehicle
stability, particularly increased conicity caused by wheel wear and
degradation of yaw dampers. The method is based on the analysis of the
lateral accelerations of the bogie frame using the random decrement
technique (RDT) to extract the free response of the bogie. The output of
the RDT algorithm is then analysed using the Prony method to identify the
characteristic exponents of the system, eventually allowing to define the
stability margin of the bogie and the frequency of the hunting motion.
These data are fed into fault classification algorithms, to obtain
information on the condition of the yaw dampers and on wheel-rail
conicity. The paper also presents the implementation of the method in a
prototype condition-monitoring unit installed on an ETR 500 class
high-speed train. Results from numerical experiments and from high-speed
line tests are presented, showing the capability of the method to separate
the case of a bogie with new wheel profiles from a condition with worn
profiles.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 42-56
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.790137
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.790137
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:42-56
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erol Tutumluer
Author-X-Name-First: Erol
Author-X-Name-Last: Tutumluer
Author-Name: Yu Qian
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Qian
Author-Name: Youssef M.A. Hashash
Author-X-Name-First: Youssef M.A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hashash
Author-Name: Jamshid Ghaboussi
Author-X-Name-First: Jamshid
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaboussi
Author-Name: David D. Davis
Author-X-Name-First: David D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Title: Discrete element modelling of ballasted track deformation behaviour
Abstract:
Railroad ballast layer consists of discrete aggregate
particles and Discrete Element Method (DEM) is one of the most suitable
ways to simulate the deformation behaviour of particulate nature of
ballast materials. An aggregate imaging based DEM simulation platform
developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) can
simulate railroad ballast behaviour through the use of polyhedron shaped
discrete elements. These ballast elements are created with realistic size
and shape properties from image analyses of actual particles using an
Aggregate Image Analyzer. The UIUC railroad ballast DEM model was recently
put to test for predicting settlement behaviour of full-scale test
sections under repeated heavy axle train loading. Field settlement data
were collected from the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing (FAST)
for Heavy Axle Load (HAL) applications at Transportation Technology Center
(TTC) in Pueblo, Colorado, to validate the DEM model. The ballast
settlement predictions due to the repeated train loading indicate that the
DEM model could predict magnitudes of the field ballast settlements from
both early loading cycles and over 90 Million Gross Tons (MGTs)
performance trends reasonably accurately. The settlement predictions were
sensitive to aggregate shape, gradation and initial compaction condition
(density) of the constructed ballast layer.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 57-73
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.788361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.788361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:57-73
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wei Kuang
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuang
Author-Name: Siu Wing Or
Author-X-Name-First: Siu Wing
Author-X-Name-Last: Or
Author-Name: Chung Ming Leung
Author-X-Name-First: Chung Ming
Author-X-Name-Last: Leung
Author-Name: S.L. Ho
Author-X-Name-First: S.L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho
Title: Development of piezoelectric transformer-coupled solid state relays for electrical circuit control in railway systems
Abstract:
A solid state relay (SSR) is an electrical ON-OFF control
device through which the delivery of electrical power to loads is switched
either ON or OFF by a small control signal. The device serves the same
function as a classical electromechanical relay (EMR) but carries no
mechanical switching mechanism so that it has a faster switching time, a
lower switching noise, a stronger tolerance to mechanical shock and
vibration, a longer lifetime, a smaller size and a lighter weight.
Photo-coupled SSRs (PcSSRs) are regarded as the most popular type of SSR
nowadays. However, the susceptibility of PcSSRs to power surge and
lightening often requires specific protections to ensure their normal
operation and performance, especially for railway systems. To advance SSR
technology for an improved electrical circuit control in railway systems,
we have developed a novel type of SSR, called piezoelectric
transformer-coupled SSRs (PTcSSRs), by utilising the high input-output
electrical isolation property of a modified Rosen-type piezoelectric
transformer (PT) for coupling between the input low-voltage dc-ac control
circuit and the output high-voltage ac load circuit. In this paper, we
report the design, development and performance of a PTcSSR having a 12 V
dc input and a 40-240 V, 2 A, 50/60 Hz ac output, and compare the measured
performance data with those of a commercial PcSSR used for electrical
circuit control in modern railway systems. The development of the PT and
its input-output circuit is also discussed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 74-86
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.788360
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.788360
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:74-86
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xuesong Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Xuesong
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Xinbiao Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Xinbiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Liang Ling
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ling
Author-Name: Li Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Jiayang Xiong
Author-X-Name-First: Jiayang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiong
Title: Study on safety boundary for high-speed train running in severe environments
Abstract:
This article reviews some important published papers
regarding the discussions on the mechanism and the modelling of trains
operating in severe environments which are originally defined. A few
important derailment criteria are briefly discussed. A study strategy of
the safety operation boundaries of high-speed trains operating in the
severe environments is first put forward. In the strategy, the safety
operation boundaries are defined as a number of separatrices which clearly
indicate the safety operation area, warning area and derailment occurring
area of a high-speed vehicle in operation. The defined separatrices are
the limit surface functions of the key factors influencing the vehicle
dynamic behaviour and its derailment. They are found through numerical
simulation by using an advanced dynamics model for vehicle/track
interaction and the derailment criteria. In order to fully understand the
present strategy, a detailed numerical example of a high-speed vehicle
passing over a buckled track is discussed. The given results clearly
indicate the effects of the key factors on the wheel/rail normal forces,
the derailment criteria limits and the vehicle derailment boundary.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 87-108
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.790138
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.790138
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:87-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: P.A. Meehan
Author-X-Name-First: P.A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meehan
Author-Name: D.J. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: D.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: C.J.C. Jones
Author-X-Name-First: C.J.C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Railway rolling noise prediction: field validation and sensitivity analysis
Abstract:
The Railway Rolling Noise Prediction Software (RRNPS) is a
model for predicting the sound pressure levels (SPLs) during a train
passage due to wheel/rail roughness, based on vibration dynamics, contact
mechanics and sound radiation modules. Similar software has been developed
previously, in particular the Track-Wheel Interaction Noise Software
(TWINS) model, and some field validation has been done under European and
Japanese conditions. In this article, the RRPNS is used to model a typical
railway rolling noise situation in Australia and compared with detailed
field experimental results for validation purposes. A series of field
measurements were taken at a narrow track gauge testing site in Australia.
Comparisons between simulations and measurements have shown that this
software model gives reliable predictions in terms of overall A-weighted
SPL and noise spectrum. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of the model
was carried out to investigate the effect of speed, normal load, ballast
vertical stiffness, rail pad vertical stiffness and rail cross receptance
factor on railway rolling noise. This article extends the range of
conditions for which the software model has been validated and gains some
confidence in its use. It also provides some insight into model-based
methods to control and mitigate railway noise.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 109-127
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.788359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.788359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:1-2:p:109-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qiyuan Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Qiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Jun Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Jun
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Chao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Title: A rolling horizon-based decomposition algorithm for the railway network train timetabling problem
Abstract:
This article presents the train timetabling problem in the
complex railway network (including single-track line, double-track line,
mixed-track line and terminal) and a solution algorithm. The problem is to
determine the arrival, departure or through time of each train at each
station on its predetermined route to satisfy several operational and
safety requirements and minimise multiple objectives corresponding to
train and engine time. The problem is formulated as a large-scale mixed
integer nonlinear programming model with multiple objectives to
simultaneously minimise the total train travel time, the total train
connection time and the total engine turnaround time with several
practical constraints. The model can be easily modified to simulate
different scenarios of train timetabling problems. By aggregating the
objectives and simplifying some constraints, a rolling horizon-based
decomposition algorithm is developed based on the unique structure of the
railway network and the characteristic of the train timetable. The
algorithm decomposes the network into several single lines and
progressively adds the train timetable of a new line into the current
partial network train timetable until a complete network train timetable
is obtained. The rolling horizon method is designed to determine the train
timetable of each single line in iterations. Each iteration is restricted
into a subregion of the feasible region, and the feasible solution to that
subregion is determined by a timetable evaluation procedure and a boundary
detection procedure. Lastly, computational test on real-world data shows
that the presented approach can produce high-quality solutions for
large-scale problems within a reasonable computation time.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 129-160
Issue: 3
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/21650349.2013.808419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21650349.2013.808419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:3:p:129-160
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Mahdi Jalili
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Mahdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Jalili
Author-Name: S. Hassan Salehi
Author-X-Name-First: S. Hassan
Author-X-Name-Last: Salehi
Title: Phantom element method for calculation of normal wheel/rail contact forces based on semi-Hertzian method
Abstract:
A new method is presented to create a wheel/rail contact
model using virtual penetration theory. The concept of "isosceles pairs
geometrical correspondence" is developed to determine the contact angle of
each element independently. Using local linearisation, the contact area is
divided to enable the use of a non-Hertzian 3D model for the wheel/rail
contact problem. An advantage of this model is the low calculation cost of
simulation of normal wheel/rail contact forces. Several numerical examples
are presented to examine the accuracy of the developed method. It is shown
that the proposed method appropriately models the wheel/rail contact
phenomenon.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 161-180
Issue: 3
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/21650349.2013.808418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21650349.2013.808418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:3:p:161-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W.W. Guo
Author-X-Name-First: W.W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: H. Xia
Author-X-Name-First: H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Author-Name: N. Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Dynamic responses of Tsing Ma Bridge and running safety of trains subjected to Typhoon York
Abstract:
A three-dimensional wind-train-bridge interaction model,
which consists of a spatial finite element bridge model, a train model
composed of eight 4-axle identical coaches of 27 degrees of freedom, and a
turbulent wind model is established for the Tsing Ma suspension bridge
located in Hong Kong during Typhoon York. The acceleration and
displacement responses of the bridge induced by turbulent winds and
running trains are computed and compared with the responses measured from
the field. The comparison is found to be satisfactory in general. The
runnability of the train passing through the Tsing Ma Bridge at different
speeds is researched under turbulent winds. Then the threshold curve of
wind velocity for ensuring the running safety of the train in the bridge
deck is proposed, from which the allowable train speed at different wind
velocities can be determined.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 181-192
Issue: 3
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/21650349.2013.808417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21650349.2013.808417
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:3:p:181-192
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Yan Quan Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Yan Quan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Title: Assessing wagon stability in complex train systems
Abstract:
The long tradition of analysing train dynamics and wagons
dynamics separately is supported by both software and standards. The
assumption that coupler angles are so small that the consequential
vertical and lateral force components can be ignored does not necessarily
hold as trains become heavier and longer and coupler forces become larger.
Gaps remain in most railways standards. Some possibilities for severe
wagon instabilities have already been published, namely wheel unloading
due to the lateral components of coupler forces and wagon lift due to
mismatches in coupling height. In both these cases, the most severe cases
occur when an empty wagon is placed in a loaded train. It is evident that
mechanisms for wagon instability can be more complex than in these clear
extreme cases. Further, wheel unloading can be added by wagon body and
bogie pitch induced by both track irregularity and train dynamics. Just as
there has been a tradition of separating train and wagon dynamics, it
would also be incorrect to discount the possibility of two or more
mechanisms relating to longitudinal dynamics combining unfavourably. A
more comprehensive picture of the possible interactions of longitudinal
train dynamics and wagon dynamics is presented in this paper, adding the
results for wagon body and bogie pitch for homogeneously loaded trains.
The paper includes comparisons and combinations of interactions of
longitudinal train dynamics and wagon dynamics resulting in some cases to
reporting higher results of wheel unloading than previously published.
Similar comparisons with track-induced dynamics are also made.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 193-217
Issue: 4
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.836396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.836396
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:4:p:193-217
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D.R. Uzarski
Author-X-Name-First: D.R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Uzarski
Author-Name: M.N. Grussing
Author-X-Name-First: M.N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grussing
Title: Beyond mandated track safety inspections using a mission-focused, knowledge-based approach
Abstract:
The inspection of railroad track is typically mandated by
applicable track standards which generally address intent (safety and/or
maintenance) and calendar frequency. Likewise, the maintenance and repair
(M&R) of track is often compliance-driven with the intent of
sustaining the condition requirements associated with a track
standards-based track class. This approach falls short of optimising
inspections because it is not based on strategic asset management needs.
This approach also does not lead to an optimal mix of M&R work
activities under varying budget constraints. This paper expands on a
"knowledge-based" concept developed for building asset management whereby
maintenance inspections are optimally scheduled based on knowledge of the
asset and not the calendar. Included is the introduction of a
"mission-focused" scoring metric that measures track segment importance.
This track priority score along with other readily attainable track
condition metrics form the basis for developing a knowledge-based
optimised inspection plan. While the discussion in this paper focuses on
military railroad track asset management, the process is directly
applicable to the entire small railroad niche (military, shortlines and
industrials) due to the specific metrics used. Discussion beyond military
trackage is provided to demonstrate this application. The concept,
however, has even broader implications throughout the industry (Class Is,
regionals, transits, etc.). Finally, the paper addresses research into a
framework for incorporating mission and other information to develop
knowledge-based optimised M&R plans.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 218-236
Issue: 4
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.836397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.836397
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:4:p:218-236
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. �lker-Kaustell
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: �lker-Kaustell
Author-Name: R. Karoumi
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karoumi
Title: Influence of rate-independent hysteresis on the dynamic response of a railway bridge
Abstract:
It is well known that the dynamic properties of civil
engineering structures have a more or less pronounced amplitude
dependency. However, it is rather difficult to quantify this both
experimentally and theoretically. This paper describes an attempt to
identify the sources of the amplitude dependent variation of the natural
frequency and the modal damping ratio of the first vertical bending mode
of a simply supported, ballasted steel-concrete composite railway bridge.
It is proposed that the most likely sources to the non-linear properties
of this mode of vibration are the ballasted track, the foundations and the
roller bearings used mainly to relive constraint forces due to changes in
temperature. The non-linear influence of the suggested sources were
modelled in a 2D finite element model using the classical univariate
Bouc-Wen model which was implemented as a user-defined element in ABAQUS.
The results suggest that the roller bearings alone can give account for
the variation in the dynamic properties observed in experimental data from
the bridge and that the combination with a simple model of the track
superstructure gives the most realistic result. A tremendous increase in
the dissipation of energy was found as the amplitude of vibration was
increased beyond that available in the experimental data, thus motivating
further research within this field.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 237-257
Issue: 4
Volume: 1
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.835129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.835129
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:1:y:2013:i:4:p:237-257
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mats Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Mats
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg
Title: Preface to special issue on the Green Train programme
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878290
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:1-1
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: O. Fr�idh
Author-X-Name-First: O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fr�idh
Author-Name: S. Stichel
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stichel
Author-Name: T. Bustad
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bustad
Author-Name: H. Tengstrand
Author-X-Name-First: H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tengstrand
Title: Green Train: concept and technology overview
Abstract:
Green Train (in Swedish, Gr�na
T�get) is a research, development and demonstration programme
with the overall objective to define an economical, flexible and
environmentally friendly train concept. The objective is also to develop
technology for future high-speed trains for the northern European market,
particularly for Scandinavia. Most of the technology developed is also
applicable to other world markets, as well as to slower trains. The
programme has covered many important areas, including economy, capacity
and market aspects, conceptual design, traveller attractiveness and
interiors, travel time, energy efficiency and noise, winter performance,
track friendliness and car body tilt, aerodynamics, electric propulsion
and current collection. The programme has conducted fundamental analysis
and research on the different issues as well as design and testing of new
technologies. A number of crucial technologies have undergone performance
and type testing both in lab and on a test train. Experience feedback was
achieved in commercial train service during the period 2006 - 2013
including harsh winters. This paper summarises a great deal of research
and development that has been performed in the Green Train programme.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 2-16
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878291
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:2-16
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oskar Fr�idh
Author-X-Name-First: Oskar
Author-X-Name-Last: Fr�idh
Author-Name: Hans Sipil�
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Sipil�
Author-Name: Jennifer Warg
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Warg
Title: Capacity for express trains on mixed traffic lines
Abstract:
Mixed traffic with large speed differences
between fast and slower trains consumes more capacity and makes the system
sensitive to disruptions. This article focuses on adequate train
configuration for increasing the top speed for express trains like the
Green Train and how that affects capacity on lines with heterogeneous
traffic. Microscopic simulation of a future timetable selected by criteria
revealed by analytical timetable analysis for a chosen structure of
services combines the advantages of two methods and makes it possible to
reveal relevant characteristics for different alternatives. Punctual short
stops through better train layout and skip-stop operation for regional
trains are a few of the measures that are shown to have compensating
effects for the increase in capacity utilisation and can reduce
disruptions. Although it is possible to reduce the perturbations by means
of different measures, the basic problem with mixing fast and slower
trains on the same line still remains.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 17-27
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878292
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878292
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:17-27
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oskar Fr�idh
Author-X-Name-First: Oskar
Author-X-Name-Last: Fr�idh
Author-Name: Karl Kottenhoff
Author-X-Name-First: Karl
Author-X-Name-Last: Kottenhoff
Author-Name: Evert Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Evert
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Title: Green Train concept and interior design
Abstract:
In the Green Train research programme, the
objective is to develop an attractive train concept in the form of a
concept proposal based on economic assessments. Green Train is to be an
attractive express train for both business and leisure-time travellers.
High standards of comfort can be motivated by passengers' willingness to
pay. One fundamental idea is the wide carbody for services in Scandinavia
to achieve lower total costs for train traffic than a carbody with a
normal, quite narrow European continental profile. The trains are thereby
made shorter and 2 + 3 seating arrangements are optimised for optimal
comfort. Another principle is that the train must be designed to allow
punctual station stops, also during periods of peak load. Boarding and
alighting must take place within very tight margins, which means that
doors, entrances and luggage racks must be in well-considered locations
and correctly dimensioned.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 28-39
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878293
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:28-39
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Persson
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Persson
Author-Name: E. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: S. Stichel
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stichel
Author-Name: A. Orvn�s
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Orvn�s
Title: Bogies towards higher speed on existing tracks
Abstract:
Running faster on existing tracks is a
common operator's wish that should be set in relation to the necessary
infrastructure maintenance costs for track quality enhancement. Designing
a track-friendly running gear that exerts moderate forces on the track is
a key to relax this relation. A design providing good ride quality even on
non-perfect track is preferred to avoid excessive track maintenance costs
when speeds are higher. This paper describes how simulations and tests
have been performed to optimise certain parts of a high-speed bogie. The
result is a bogie with relatively soft wheelset guidance allowing passive
radial self-steering in common curve radii, which in combination with
appropriate yaw damping ensures stability at higher speeds. It also
includes active secondary suspension to further ease the maintenance
requirements on the track and/or to improve ride quality. This bogie has
been tested and approved according to EN 14363 for a service speed of 250
km/h in combination with enhanced curving speed. Both simulations and
recently performed on-track tests further showed that the ride comfort
with active secondary suspension at 250 km/h can be at least as good as
with passive suspensions at 200 km/h.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 40-49
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878294
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:40-49
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A.H. Herbst
Author-X-Name-First: A.H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Herbst
Author-Name: T.W. Muld
Author-X-Name-First: T.W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Muld
Author-Name: G. Efraimsson
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Efraimsson
Title: Aerodynamic prediction tools for high-speed trains
Abstract:
With high-speed trains, the need for
efficient and accurate aerodynamic prediction tools increases, since the
influence of the aerodynamics on the overall train performance raises. New
requirements on slipstream velocities and head pressure pulse in the
revised Technical Specification for Interoperability (TSI) for train
speeds higher than 190 km/h are more challenging to fulfil for wide-body
trains, like the Green train concept vehicle Regina 250, as well as higher
trains, like double-deck trains. In this paper, we give an overview of the
results from a project within the Green train programme, where the
objective was to increase the knowledge on slipstream air flow of wide
body trains at high speeds, to understand the implications of the new
requirements on the front shape and to develop a prediction methodology in
order to take this into account early in the design cycle. In addition,
the front design was in parallel optimized with respect to head pressure
pulse and drag.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 50-58
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:50-58
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: U. Carlsson
Author-X-Name-First: U.
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlsson
Author-Name: P. Lukaszewicz
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lukaszewicz
Author-Name: S. Leth
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Leth
Title: On the environmental performance of a high-speed train
Abstract:
Environmental performance is one of the
major considerations of future high-speed trains. Two main issues have
been closely investigated in the Green Train programme, namely (1) energy
use and (2) external noise. Analysis, development and testing in the Green
Train programme have focused primarily on speeds up to 250 km/h, although
the energy issues have also been studied at top speeds up to 320 km/h. The
energy use is estimated for both long-distance trains with few stops and
for fast regional services with relatively tight underway stops. These
estimations result in an energy use of 46-62 Wh per passenger-km - or
30-40 Wh per seat-km - accounted as electricity taken from the public
electric power grid. Improved aerodynamic performance, efficient space
utilization, electric regenerative brakes, eco-driving advice and improved
energy efficiency in the propulsion system make this possible. Trackside
noise has also been analysed and tested in the programme. In order to
maintain the same or lower noise level at 250 km/h as at lower speeds with
current trains, a number of measures are proposed. These include bogie
skirts, wheel absorbers and careful aerodynamic design of the front area
and of all protruding objects. In sensitive residential areas, further
improvement may be achieved with rail absorbers or low trackside screens.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 59-66
Issue: 1
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2013.878296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2013.878296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:1:p:59-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Author-Name: D.P. Connolly
Author-X-Name-First: D.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly
Author-Name: O. Verlinden
Author-X-Name-First: O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Verlinden
Title: Railway-induced ground vibrations - a review of vehicle effects
Abstract:
This paper is a review of the effect of
vehicle characteristics on ground- and track borne-vibrations from
railways. It combines traditional theory with modern thinking and uses a
range of numerical analysis and experimental results to provide a broad
analysis of the subject area. First, the effect of different train types
on vibration propagation is investigated. Then, despite not being the
focus of this work, numerical approaches to vibration propagation
modelling within the track and soil are briefly touched upon. Next an
in-depth discussion is presented related to the evolution of numerical
models, with analysis of the suitability of various modelling approaches
for analysing vehicle effects. The differences between quasi-static and
dynamic characteristics are also discussed with insights into defects such
as wheel/rail irregularities. Additionally, as an appendix, a modest
database of train types are presented along with detailed information
related to their physical attributes. It is hoped that this information
may provide assistance to future researchers attempting to simulate
railway vehicle vibrations. It is concluded that train type and the
contact conditions at the wheel/rail interface can be influential in the
generation of vibration. Therefore, where possible, when using numerical
approach, the vehicle should be modelled in detail. Additionally, it was
found that there are a wide variety of modelling approaches capable of
simulating train types effects. If non-linear behaviour needs to be
included in the model, then time domain simulations are preferable,
however if the system can be assumed linear then frequency domain
simulations are suitable due to their reduced computational demand.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 69-110
Issue: 2
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.897791
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.897791
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:2:p:69-110
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Innocenti
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Innocenti
Author-Name: L. Marini
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marini
Author-Name: E. Meli
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meli
Author-Name: G. Pallini
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallini
Author-Name: A. Rindi
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rindi
Title: Prediction of wheel and rail profile wear on complex railway networks
Abstract:
The modelling and the reduction of wear
due to wheel-rail contact represents a crucial issue in railway
applications, mainly correlated to safety, maintenance interventions and
definition of strategies aimed at wheel profile optimization. A model for
evaluating wheel and rail profile evolution due to wear developed for
complex railway networks is presented in this paper. The model layout is
composed of two mutually interacting but separate parts: a vehicle model
(composed of multibody model and global contact model) for the dynamical
simulations and a unit for wear computation (composed of the local contact
model, the wear evaluation procedure and the profile update strategy). In
order to achieve general significant accuracy results in reasonable
computational effort, a suitable statistical approach for the railway
track description is used, aimed at studying complex railway lines: in
fact, the exhaustive analysis of vehicle dynamics and wear evolution on
all the railway network is too expensive in terms of computational time
for each practical purpose. The wear model has been validated in
collaboration with Trenitalia S.P.A and Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI),
which have provided technical documentation and experimental data relative
to some tests performed on a environment exhibiting serious problems in
terms of wear: the vehicle ALn 501 Minuetto operated on the Aosta-Pre
Saint Didier Italian line.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 111-145
Issue: 2
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.897792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.897792
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:2:p:111-145
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Arvidsson
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvidsson
Author-Name: R. Karoumi
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karoumi
Title: Train-bridge interaction - a review and discussion of key model parameters
Abstract:
Research in the field of train-bridge
interaction is reviewed, with a particular focus on the vertical dynamic
response of the bridge. The most influential system parameters are
identified and discussed, providing a basis from which to establish an
appropriate degree of complexity in train and track modelling. A two-level
factorial experiment is presented. This is used to highlight the relative
influence of train-bridge interaction in the train-bridge model, compared
with variations in other key parameters. We distinguish those parameter
combinations in the train-bridge system that lead to a significant
reduction in bridge response due to the train-bridge interaction. The
present survey fills an important gap in our existing knowledge by
synthesising conclusions from the vast literature on train-bridge
interaction. Moreover, the knowledge is related to the European design
code's guidelines for dynamic bridge analysis. The conclusions are
summarised to give a rough guidance on modelling choices for train-bridge
interaction systems.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 147-186
Issue: 3
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.897790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.897790
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:3:p:147-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Yan Quan Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Yan Quan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Title: Adhesion estimation and its implementation for traction control of locomotives
Abstract:
During locomotive movement in traction or
braking modes, body weight distribution varies between bogies in different
proportions depending on many factors. Each bogie and wheelset thus
experiences a different traction coefficient. Locomotive manufacturers
introduce traction control system strategies for achieving optimal
adhesion allowing for axle weight transfers. Determination of adhesion
coefficients to input into traction control systems is a complex and
difficult issue. Optimising this task requires solving the problem of how
to estimate rail friction condition. This paper describes the algorithm
which allows estimation of friction parameters for hauling locomotives,
and uses a low computational cost solution based on existing approaches
and input signals from sensors. The verification of the algorithm is
performed using a co-simulation process between the multibody software and
Matlab/Simulink package. Simulation results obtained confirm that the
proposed approach is an efficient and practical tool that can be
recommended for implementation for locomotive traction control systems.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 187-204
Issue: 3
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.924842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.924842
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:3:p:187-204
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renpeng Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Renpeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Jinmiao Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Jinmiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Xing Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xing
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Xuecheng Bian
Author-X-Name-First: Xuecheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Bian
Author-Name: Yunmin Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Yunmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: Cumulative settlement of track subgrade in high-speed railway under varying water levels
Abstract:
Water-level variation in the subgrade of high-speed railway influences the
cumulative settlement of the subgrade. Full-scale model test on high-speed
railway under varying water levels within the subgrade was conducted in
this research. Dynamic soil pressures in different depths within the
subgrade and cumulative settlements of subgrade were measured under
different train speeds. The results demonstrated that the dynamic soil
pressure increases significantly after the first wetting-drying cycles and
then remains stable. The measured dynamic soil pressure was compared to
the requirements in the current design method. Increasing train speed
leads to higher cumulative settlement. Furthermore, a modified model is
proposed in the article for the determination of cumulative settlement
considering the influence of initial stress state, material properties of
subgrade, and dynamic stresses of train loadings.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 205-220
Issue: 4
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.959083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.959083
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:4:p:205-220
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shunhua Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Shunhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Chang Ji
Author-X-Name-First: Chang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ji
Title: Tunnel segment uplift model of earth pressure balance shield in soft soils during subway tunnel construction
Abstract:
Segment uplift is a frequent problem during the construction of shield
tunnels. This article presents a full-scale field test to study the
influence factors of segment uplift, such as chamber pressure, advance
rate, vertical component force of total thrust and grouting pressure and
grout composition. This paper proposes a tunnel segment uplift calculation
model of earth pressure balance shield based on a series of in situ tests
in the typical soft soil stratum in China. The test results show that
grouting pressure and grout composition have significant impacts on the
segment uplift. However, the influences of chamber pressure, advance rate
and total thrust are insignificant for the uplift. The analysis data based
on the calculation model correspond well with the monitoring data in the
shield tunnelling construction. By comparison, the deviation rate ranges
from - 19% to +15%.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 221-238
Issue: 4
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.966420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.966420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:4:p:221-238
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saifei Li
Author-X-Name-First: Saifei
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Lianshan Yan
Author-X-Name-First: Lianshan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yan
Author-Name: Huanlai Xing
Author-X-Name-First: Huanlai
Author-X-Name-Last: Xing
Author-Name: Yunhe Cui
Author-X-Name-First: Yunhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Cui
Author-Name: Wei Pan
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan
Author-Name: Jin Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Jin
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Wei Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Title: Enhanced robustness of control network for Chinese Train Control System Level-3 (CTCS-3) facilitated by software-defined networking architecture
Abstract:
In order to provide high reliability for train control networks, ring
redundant network configuration has been widely deployed in Chinese Train
Control System Level-3. In this paper, we propose a centralized ring
redundant link failure failover management scheme that is based on a
software-defined networking architecture, where OpenFlow protocols and a
POX controller are adopted. Contrary to the traditional ring redundant
schemes that flush all the forwarding information databases when failover
proceeds, the proposed scheme simply updates the forwarding information
needed to be changed according to the global topology and is
link-flapping-free. Simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the
proposed scheme is superior to the Media Redundancy Protocol in terms of
the obtained system recovery time, the bandwidth, the time delay and the
packet loss when failover proceeds.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 239-252
Issue: 4
Volume: 2
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.956155
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.956155
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:2:y:2014:i:4:p:239-252
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Author-Name: Pengfei Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Jianhui Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Jianhui
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Kaiyun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kaiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Experimental investigation on vibration behaviour of a CRH train at speed of 350 km/h
Abstract:
The objective of the article is to investigate the vibration
characteristic and the long-term service performance of a China Railway
High-speed (CRH) train at operation speed of 350 km/h through
on-track field tests. The article first introduces the test method and
system as well as the field conditions including the main parameters of
the test train and track. A CRH electric multiple unit (EMU), called the
CRH2C, is chosen for the experiment. A duration test lasting for about 2
months is carried out to acquire the data of vehicle vibration
acceleration and the wheel profile wear. Based on the test data, the
article presents the vibration behaviours of car body, bogie frame and
axle box as well as the lateral hunting stability of the train operating
at speed of 350 km/h, and the evolution of the train dynamic
performance under long-term operation condition. Results show that the
vibration accelerations of vehicle components are in a low level when the
train runs on a non-ballasted track at the speed of 350 km/h,
indicating that both the ride comfort and the running stability are
acceptable. Through wheel re-profiling, it is possible to effectively
reduce the vibrations of the axle box, the bogie frame and the car body,
and thus the train dynamic performance can be kept in an excellent
condition in a long period.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-16
Issue: 1
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.992819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.992819
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:1:p:1-16
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J.C.O. Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: J.C.O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: A. Mirza
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mirza
Author-Name: S. Cervello
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cervello
Author-Name: P. Huber
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Huber
Author-Name: R. M�ller
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: M�ller
Author-Name: B. Nelain
Author-X-Name-First: B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelain
Author-Name: P. Ruest
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruest
Title: Reducing train-induced ground-borne vibration by vehicle design and maintenance
Abstract:
Wheel out-of-roundness (OOR) and unsprung mass are key railway vehicle
parameters influencing the dynamic wheel-rail contact loads and inducing
ground-borne vibration. For a given combination of vehicle speed,
track/soil conditions and wheel/rail irregularity level, reducing the
unsprung mass leads to a reduction in contact loads and vibration at
frequencies above the resonance of the wheelset on the primary suspension.
Guidelines for reducing unsprung mass are presented, including alternative
designs for the wheelset and the suspension of the mechanical drive
system. For locomotives and powered bogies, the potential for reduced
vibration level is 2-4 dB by improving the drive suspension design.
Based on an extensive field measurement campaign, where the influence of
several different types of vehicle on vibration level was measured, it was
found that the maximum vibration levels were generated by freight
locomotives. For several freight locomotives of the same type, a high
statistical variance (up to 20 dB) in measured vibration level was
observed indicating a significant spread in wheel tread conditions and
OOR. Early detection of out-of-round wheels and corrective wheel
maintenance are important measures to reduce vibration levels.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 17-39
Issue: 1
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.994260
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.994260
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:1:p:17-39
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ye Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Ye
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: W.J.T. (Bill) Daniel
Author-X-Name-First: W.J.T. (Bill)
Author-X-Name-Last: Daniel
Author-Name: Sheng Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Sheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Paul A. Meehan
Author-X-Name-First: Paul A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meehan
Title: Comparison of PI and fuzzy logic based sliding mode locomotive creep controls with change of rail-wheel contact conditions
Abstract:
This paper presents locomotive traction controllers based on
proportional-integral and sliding mode control with a fuzzy logic creep
reference generator; and compares their performance based on tractive
efforts under various operation speeds. The effect of change of wheel-rail
friction conditions under different controllers is also investigated. In
particular, a sliding mode traction controller based on a fuzzy logic
creep reference generator is developed to tackle non-linearity and
uncertainty due to the contact conditions and operation speeds. It is
shown that at high-speed operation, the fuzzy logic based sliding mode
controller can achieve higher tractive force with lower creep values.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 40-59
Issue: 1
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2014.994259
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2014.994259
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:1:p:40-59
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christer Stenstr�m
Author-X-Name-First: Christer
Author-X-Name-Last: Stenstr�m
Author-Name: Aditya Parida
Author-X-Name-First: Aditya
Author-X-Name-Last: Parida
Author-Name: Jan Lundberg
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundberg
Author-Name: Uday Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Uday
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Title: Development of an integrity index for benchmarking and monitoring rail infrastructure: application of composite indicators
Abstract:
Railways are large, geographically dispersed assets, consisting of
numerous systems, subsystems and components, for which considerable
amounts of data and numerous indicators are generated for monitoring their
operation and maintenance. Proper assessment of operation and maintenance
performance is essential for sustainable and competitive rail
transportation. Composite indicators (CIs), or indices, can simplify the
performance measurement by summarising the overall performance of a
complex asset into a single figure, making it easier to interpret than
multiple indicators and plots. In this article, a CI termed 'rail
infrastructure integrity index' is developed and verified in a case study.
The results show that CIs can be used for benchmarking and assessing the
overall performance of railway sections in a single figure, indicating
which sections need further study. Their implementation should allow data
users to do sensitivity analysis and decomposition for traceability.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 61-80
Issue: 2
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1015220
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1015220
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:2:p:61-80
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xingju Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xingju
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zhanmin Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhanmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Jinjie Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Jinjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Zhe Han
Author-X-Name-First: Zhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Title: Methodologies for assessing costs of rail transit systems based on small sample data
Abstract:
China has developed plans to build 87 mass transit rail lines, totalling
2500 km, in 25 cities from 2009 to 2015. The life-cycle costs of the
urban rail transit systems have become the focus of both the government
and the private sector involved in these large-scale investments. However,
the availability of quality data has posed a major challenge to such
life-cycle cost analyses; in other words, for any methodology to be
effective, it must have the capability of working with very limited amount
of available data, or small sample data. In this article, two cost
assessment methodologies, fuzzy cluster and support vector machine, are
proposed to analyse the life-cycle cost of urban rail transit systems
based on small sample data. A case study featuring Line 1 of the
Shijiazhuang urban rail transit system was employed to demonstrate the
validity of the proposed methodologies. The analysis results indicate that
the two assessment methodologies are valid for the life-cycle cost
assessment of urban rail transit systems when only small sample data are
available.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 81-96
Issue: 2
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1015222
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1015222
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:2:p:81-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. Galardi
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Galardi
Author-Name: E. Meli
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meli
Author-Name: D. Nocciolini
Author-X-Name-First: D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nocciolini
Author-Name: L. Pugi
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugi
Author-Name: A. Rindi
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rindi
Title: Development of efficient models of Magnetic Braking Systems of railway vehicles
Abstract:
In modern railway vehicles, the use of Magnetic Braking Systems is
continuously increasing, because they are characterized by high braking
performances and low energy consumptions. Hence, the study and the
accurate modelling of Magnetic Braking Systems is a very important issue,
because they significantly affect the dynamics of vehicle and electrical
supply circuit. Usually, the performances of Magnetic Braking Systems are
evaluated on test-rigs in order to reduce times and costs of testing
phases. For this reason, the authors focus on the development of a
complete 3D model of Magnetic Brake System test-rig (built in
COMSOL), including all the electromagnetic, circuital and
mechanical parts. These parts are often studied separately in the
literature; however, a combined analysis is crucial to correctly describe
the behaviour of the whole system. The proposed model is highly modular
(to describe different Magnetic Brake System test-rig layouts
characterized by a different number of magnetic polar expansions) and aims
at obtaining a compromise between accuracy and numerical efficiency.
Subsequently, a second simplified lumped parameter model derived from the
complete one and built in MATLAB is developed, to further
reduce the computational load without decreasing the results accuracy. In
this work, both the models have been developed and validated in
collaboration Ferrovie dello Stato and compared with
other simplified models present in the literature.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 97-118
Issue: 2
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1015219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1015219
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:2:p:97-118
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David J. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: David J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: Eduardo Latorre Iglesias
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Latorre Iglesias
Author-Name: Xiaowan Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaowan
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Jianyue Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Jianyue
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Zhiwei Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Title: Recent developments in the prediction and control of aerodynamic noise from high-speed trains
Abstract:
At speeds above 300-350 km/h, the main source of noise from trains is
the aerodynamic noise caused by the air flow over the train structure. The
sound level increases with train speed at a rate of between 60 and 80
times the logarithm of the speed so that, as speeds increase further, the
noise increases dramatically. The main aerodynamic noise is produced by
the air flow passing over the pantograph, the train nose, the bogie region
and cavities such as the pantograph recess and the inter-coach gap.
Experimental and numerical methods for studying aerodynamic noise are
reviewed including the use of microphone arrays, wind tunnels,
computational fluid dynamics and semi-empirical methods. Potential
mitigation measures that can control aerodynamic noise are also reviewed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 119-150
Issue: 3
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1052996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1052996
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:3:p:119-150
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huoyue Xiang
Author-X-Name-First: Huoyue
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiang
Author-Name: Yongle Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yongle
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Bin Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Haili Liao
Author-X-Name-First: Haili
Author-X-Name-Last: Liao
Title: Numerical simulation of the protective effect of railway wind barriers under crosswinds
Abstract:
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed for the simulation of a
train model subjected to crosswinds. The numerical model was validated by
comparing the flow structures and aerodynamic coefficients. A discussion
of the protective effects of wind barriers at yaw angles in the range
0 > β ≤ π/4 is provided,
along with an analysis of the flow distribution, and a proposal for a
transformation of aerodynamic coefficients in the presence of wind
barriers. The results show that the protective effect of a wind barrier
for end nose are different for various yaw angle; the separation lines of
the end nose at the leeward side of the vehicle bottom shift to windward
in the presence of a wind barrier. The coefficients obtained through this
transformation are found to be applicable for the side drag and lift
coefficients of the head nose, which were obtained through numerical
simulation, and are larger than the coefficients of the end nose at a
majority of yaw angles. The yaw angle has a little effect on the absolute
errors of the transformation for the end nose. The wind-reduction factor
and absolute errors can be used to evaluate the protective effects of
railway wind barriers to avoid the appearance of the different protective
effect in a wind barrier.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 151-163
Issue: 3
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1054906
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1054906
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:3:p:151-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mahdi Safa
Author-X-Name-First: Mahdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Safa
Author-Name: Ali Sabet
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabet
Author-Name: Kasra Ghahremani
Author-X-Name-First: Kasra
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghahremani
Author-Name: Carl Haas
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Haas
Author-Name: Scott Walbridge
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Walbridge
Title: Rail corrosion forensics using 3D imaging and finite element analysis
Abstract:
Rail infrastructure renewal maintenance is capital intensive. As a
contributor to rail deterioration, corrosion damage needs to be accurately
analysed for renewal maintenance planning. The main contribution of this
study is to introduce an information-dense forensic analysis method for
characterizing rail corrosion damage in
situ based on 3D imaging. Two state-of-the-art
technologies, an arm laser scanner and handheld laser scanner, are
employed for onsite digitization of the rail surface. Acquired 3D image
data is analysed to characterize pitting corrosion in terms of volume,
surface area coverage and average pit depth. Cyclic loading of the sampled
rail is simulated using finite element analysis of the 3D image to
establish risk potential for crack initiation. A case project was used to
validate the feasibility of the developed approach. The results of this
study demonstrate the usefulness of applying forensic methodology to
renewal maintenance planning.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 164-178
Issue: 3
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1054622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1054622
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:3:p:164-178
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georges Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Author-Name: David Waddington
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Waddington
Author-Name: Konstantinos Vogiatzis
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Vogiatzis
Title: Preface to special issue on "Railway-induced ground vibration and noise"
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 179-179
Issue: 4
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1086503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1086503
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:4:p:179-179
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lutz Auersch
Author-X-Name-First: Lutz
Author-X-Name-Last: Auersch
Title: Realistic axle-load spectra from ground vibrations measured near railway lines
Abstract:
Train-induced ground vibrations are generated by static and dynamic axle
loads which can be calculated by vehicle-track-soil models and the vehicle
and track irregularities. A fast prediction method has been developed
which uses approximate transfer functions of layered soils. In the present
contribution, this prediction method is used for the inverse calculation
of the axle-load spectra from the measured ground vibration. The layered
soils of some measuring sites show very differing ground vibration spectra
in the amplitude range of 0.0001-1.0 mm/s as a consequence of the
soft layer and stiff half-space, differing layer frequencies, as well as
the far- and near-field measuring points. The back-calculation, however,
yields axle-load spectra within a single order of magnitude around
1 kN. Axle-box measurements confirm the amplitude level of the axle
loads. This standard axle-load spectrum can be used for a basic prediction
at a new site. The separation of train and site-specific components allows
a better evaluation of railway vibrations, for example, of different
trains and different tracks. By eliminating the effects of differing soil
characteristics, an important mid-frequency component has been found which
lies between 8 and 32 Hz depending on the train speed. The origin of
this dominant mid-frequency component is discussed using advanced
prediction methods like moving constant loads, scattered axle impulses and
axle-sequence spectra.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 180-200
Issue: 4
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1076624
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1076624
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:4:p:180-200
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alejandro Dom�nech
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Dom�nech
Author-Name: Mar�a D. Mart�nez-Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-First: Mar�a D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mart�nez-Rodrigo
Author-Name: Antonio Romero
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Romero
Author-Name: Pedro Galv�n
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Galv�n
Title: Soil-structure interaction effects on the resonant response of railway bridges under high-speed traffic
Abstract:
In the present contribution, the dynamic behaviour of beams traversed by
moving loads including soil-structure interaction (SSI) is investigated.
The main application of the study is to analyse the effects of SSI on the
resonant response of bridges caused by railway traffic. As this phenomenon
is highly influenced by the free vibration response of the deck, a
numerical investigation is carried out by analysing the effects of the
wave propagation problem on the transverse-free vibration response of
beams under moving loads in a wide range of velocities. To this end, a
coupled three-dimensional boundary element-finite element model formulated
in the time domain is used to reproduce the soil and structural behaviour,
respectively. A subset of bridges is defined considering span lengths
ranging from 12.5 to 25 m and fundamental frequencies covering
associated typologies. A homogeneous soil is considered with shear wave
velocities ranging from 150 to 365 m/s. From the single load-free
vibration parametric analysis, conclusions are derived regarding the
conditions of maximum free vibration and cancellation of the response.
These conclusions are used afterwards to justify how resonant amplitudes
of the bridge under the circulation of railway convoys are affected by the
soil properties, leading to substantially amplified responses or to almost
cancelled ones, and numerical examples are included to show the
aforementioned situations.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 201-214
Issue: 4
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1076621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1076621
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:4:p:201-214
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K.E. Vogiatzis
Author-X-Name-First: K.E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vogiatzis
Author-Name: G. Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Title: Prediction and efficient control of vibration mitigation using floating slabs: practical application at Athens metro lines 2 and 3
Abstract:
This paper describes the finite element modelling and the in situ
evaluation of anti-vibration mitigation measures recently introduced in
the latest two extensions on lines 2 and 3 of the Athens Metro: (1)
extension of Line 3 from Aigaleo to Haidari and (2) extension of Line 2
from Agios Antonios to Anthoupoli. Appropriate mitigation measures,
guaranteeing the allowable ground-borne noise and vibration levels,
especially in crossover (CO) locations, were examined, within a noise and
vibration study. To do this, the alignment was divided into homogeneous
sections, i.e. sections along which the tunnel and soil types, depth and
distance from nearby buildings, with particular emphasis on section with
COs on direct fixation. Floating slab (FS) track solutions were then
evaluated at COs locations ensuring a complete ground-borne vibration
attenuation with an insertion loss of - 20 dBV with
respect to the predominant excitation (40-125 Hz). The relevant in
situ measurement campaign regarding both the dynamic characteristics of FS
and the vibration velocity at the relevant receptors proves that the
ground-borne noise in the nearest - to FS - buildings at all CO locations
was significantly lower than the maximum allowable limits proving the high
efficiency of the mitigation measure.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 215-232
Issue: 4
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1076622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1076622
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:4:p:215-232
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Waddington
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Waddington
Author-Name: James Woodcock
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodcock
Author-Name: Michael G Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Michael G
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Sabine Janssen
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssen
Author-Name: Kerstin Persson Waye
Author-X-Name-First: Kerstin
Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Waye
Title: CargoVibes: human response to vibration due to freight rail traffic
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the research concerning
human response to vibration conducted in the EU FP7 CargoVibes project.
The European Union-funded project CargoVibes involved 10 partners from 8
nations and ran from April 2011 to April 2014. The project was concerned
with railway-induced ground-borne vibration affecting residents close to
freight lines, with one work package that investigated human response to
vibration, including sleep disturbance, community annoyance and the
production of a best practice guide for evaluating response. Laboratory
trials at the University of Gothenburg were used to measure the effects of
vibration on sleep. Physiological and psychological impacts of vibration
exposure were found. TNO led a meta-analysis
(N = 4129) to determine exposure-response
relationships for railway vibration, with existing data for community
response supplemented with field studies in the Netherlands and Poland.
The University of Salford led production of a guidance document that
presents the state of the art regarding vibration measurement and
assessment. Specific topics in the guide include human perception,
evaluation methods, annoyance, sleep impacts and non-exposure factors. The
outcomes presented in this paper represent a significant advance in the
understanding of the human response to railway vibration and a step
towards much needed harmonization of assessment methods.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 233-248
Issue: 4
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1076623
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1076623
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:4:p:233-248
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Parry
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Parry
Author-Name: Steve Summers
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Summers
Author-Name: David Yates
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Yates
Title: Validating pipe-in-pipe vibration software model to accurately determine ground-borne noise and vibration above construction tunnels
Abstract:
The London Crossrail project required that re-radiated noise from the
construction of the tunnels should achieve exceptionally stringent
criteria with respect to ground-borne noise and vibration. The challenge
has been to implement robust vibration modelling for the movement of
construction trains within the tunnel in order to derive noise levels
within sensitive properties. The Pipe-in-Pipe (PiP) software model has
been modified and refined empirically utilising the measurement of
exceptionally low vibration levels emanating from the temporary
underground construction railway track.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 249-260
Issue: 4
Volume: 3
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1076620
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1076620
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:3:y:2015:i:4:p:249-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zijian Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zijian
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Sihang Wei
Author-X-Name-First: Sihang
Author-X-Name-Last: Wei
Author-Name: Bassem Andrawes
Author-X-Name-First: Bassem
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrawes
Author-Name: Daniel A. Kuchma
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuchma
Author-Name: J. Riley Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: J. Riley
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards
Title: Numerical and experimental study on dynamic behaviour of concrete sleeper track caused by wheel flat
Abstract:
Impact loads caused by flat spots on railcar wheels impose a major
maintenance burden on railroads and can cause severe damage to both
railcar and track components. This paper discusses the dynamic behaviour
of the railroad track system under impact loads. A finite element (FE)
model with multiple crossties and their accompanying fastening systems is
developed and validated using field data. The results of the parametric
study indicate that impact loading consists of direct wheel impact loads
and track system vibration--induced impact loads. Both of these impact
mechanisms are sensitive to the stiffness of rail pad. It is observed that
rail pad with a moderate stiffness provides the most effective impact
attenuation.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-19
Issue: 1
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1123657
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1123657
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:1:p:1-19
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zilong Wei
Author-X-Name-First: Zilong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wei
Author-Name: Zili Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zili
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Zhiwei Qian
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Qian
Author-Name: Rong Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Rong
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Rolf Dollevoet
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Dollevoet
Title: 3D FE modelling and validation of frictional contact with partial slip in compression--shift--rolling evolution
Abstract:
This paper presents a three-dimensional finite element approach capable of
realistically simulating a wide range of contact types with partial slip.
The approach is demonstrated by analysing the evolution of instationary
contact from compression to shift till stationary rolling. It is
systematically validated using classical solutions, i.e. Hertz theory for
the frictionless normal problem, and Spence solution for frictional
compression, Cattaneo solution for tangential shift and Kalker’s
CONTACT for frictional rolling. The effect of plastic deformation on the
distributions of pressure, adhesion--slip regions, surface shear traction
and micro-slip is investigated. It is shown that plastic deformation makes
the normal contact solution dependent on the tangential contact solution.
Plastic deformation partly damps out the structure vibrations and
significantly diminishes the magnitude of micro-slip. The presented model
can be extended to simulate the start-off and braking of railway vehicles,
to optimize the traction and braking control systems of trains, as well as
to reduce the related damages.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 20-36
Issue: 1
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1094753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1094753
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:1:p:20-36
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xingju Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xingju
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zhanmin Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhanmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Jinjie Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Jinjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Zhe Han
Author-X-Name-First: Zhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Title: A generalized life-cycle cost model for rail transit: making decisions between at-grade mode and underground mode
Abstract:
The life-cycle cost of a rail transit system is critical to decision
makers when choosing the appropriate mode, e.g., at-grade versus
underground, to build a rail transit system over the past decades in
China. This is particularly true when private sectors are involved through
alternative delivery methods such as public-private partnerships (PPPs).
This article proposes a generalized life-cycle model that considers
various attributes of rail transit systems common to big cities in China.
Line 1 of Shijiazhuang rail transit was employed as a case study to
validate the model, where the life-cycle costs of at-grade and underground
mode were analysed using both traditional methods mode and the proposed
methodology. The analysis results show that, in terms of the generalized
life-cycle cost, the underground mode is preferred over the at-grade mode,
which is consistent with the current practices of rail transit
construction in China.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 37-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1015221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1015221
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:1:p:37-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E.M. Washing
Author-X-Name-First: E.M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Washing
Author-Name: S.S. Pulugurtha
Author-X-Name-First: S.S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pulugurtha
Title: Energy demand and emission production comparison of electric, hydrogen and hydrogen-hybrid light rail trains
Abstract:
This article focuses on whether hydrogen-power technology is suitable for
light rail operation and how a hydrogen-powered train’s energy use
and emission production compare with a conventional electric light rail
train. The results of the simulations indicate that a hydrogen train and a
hydrogen-hybrid train are technically feasible for operation on the Blue
Line Extension light rail project. Both concept trains complete a
round-trip journey quicker than the electric train and have similar
power-to-weight ratios. Due to increased mass and volume requirements, the
hydrogen and hydrogen-hybrid trains require additional energy at the
wheels for propulsion, 10.1% and 10.7% more, respectively. The electric
train, due to improved efficiencies throughout the energy pathway, uses
substantially less feedstock energy. The hydrogen and hydrogen-hybrid
trains produce 162% and 85% more CO2 emissions per year,
respectively, than the electric train. Overall, while operational
performance is comparable, the hydrogen or hydrogen-hybrid train does not
meet the energy use and emission production standards necessary for
adoption of a renewable technology at this time.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 55-70
Issue: 1
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1086554
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1086554
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:1:p:55-70
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhengyou He
Author-X-Name-First: Zhengyou
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Zheng Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Haitao Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Haitao
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Title: Power quality in high-speed railway systems
Abstract:
The proliferation of the new high-speed train has resulted in significant
distortions in network voltage and current in both traction power supply
system (TPSS) and the connected power system. The nonlinear and dynamic
natures of the modern trains make the calculation and evaluation of such
power quality (PQ) problems quite a difficult work. The typical PQ
problems in high-speed railway (HSR) are the unbalance, reactive power,
harmonic and harmonic resonance, low-frequency voltage fluctuation, etc.
This article presents an overview on these power quality issues based on
reported documents and field experiments, and further describes the
modelling of the TPSS in China HSR systems, which is used to study the PQ
issues. In order to improve the PQ performance, a number of mitigation
approaches have been investigated and utilized through railway
electrification history. Moreover, with the development of new
power-electronics technologies, some novel solutions have been developed
and implemented to achieve better PQ performance. Additionally, the
article compares and summarizes different PQ improvements with respect to
various power quality indices.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 71-97
Issue: 2
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1169228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1169228
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:2:p:71-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew J. Greve
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Greve
Author-Name: Marcus S. Dersch
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dersch
Author-Name: J. Riley Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: J. Riley
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards
Author-Name: Christopher P.L. Barkan
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher P.L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barkan
Author-Name: Jose Mediavilla
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Mediavilla
Author-Name: Brent Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Brent
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: Effect of particle intrusion on rail seat load distributions on heavy haul freight railroads
Abstract:
The rail seat load distribution is critical for analysing failure
mechanisms associated with rail seat deterioration (RSD), the degradation
of concrete surface at the sleeper rail seat. RSD can lead to wide gauge,
cant deficiency, and an increased risk of rail rollover. Previous
experimentation with matrix-based tactile surface sensors (MBTSS) at the
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) has yielded concern
regarding the feasibility of crushing of the concrete material at the rail
seat. This paper examines data collected from laboratory experimentation
in which the particle size, particle intrusion, vertical rail seat load,
and lateral over vertical force ratio were varied to generate extreme
loading environments. No pressures exceeded the concrete compressive
strength. However, certain loading scenarios yielded pressures exceeding
the concrete fatigue strength. It was therefore concluded that accumulated
crushing damage due to a high number of repeated load applications is a
feasible failure mechanism of RSD initiation.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 98-112
Issue: 2
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1157048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1157048
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:2:p:98-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ye Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Ye
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: Willian J.T. Daniel
Author-X-Name-First: Willian J.T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Daniel
Author-Name: Paul A. Meehan
Author-X-Name-First: Paul A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meehan
Title: Real-time rail--wheel wear damage control
Abstract:
This paper presents the performance of a real-time rail--wheel wear damage
control system with respect to different operation conditions. In
particular, an investigation into the wear growth rate control under
changing wheel--rail friction conditions and different operation speeds is
performed. Simulation using a mathematical model considering
longitudinal--vertical--pitch dynamics of a locomotive running on straight
tracks shows that the proposed controller can effectively reduce the
rail--wheel wear damage by limiting mass loss rate, particularly during
acceleration under low and medium speeds.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 113-129
Issue: 2
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2015.1121411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2015.1121411
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:2:p:113-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georges Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Author-Name: Damien Kinet
Author-X-Name-First: Damien
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinet
Author-Name: Véronique Moeyaert
Author-X-Name-First: Véronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Moeyaert
Author-Name: Julien Dupuy
Author-X-Name-First: Julien
Author-X-Name-Last: Dupuy
Author-Name: Christophe Caucheteur
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Caucheteur
Title: Railway structure monitoring solutions using fibre Bragg grating sensors
Abstract:
This paper analyses the implementation of fibre Bragg grating (FBG)
sensors as vibration sensors along a rail in order to obtain usable
signals of sufficient interest for weigh-in-motion and axle counting.
Particular attention is also paid to the advantages of these new sensors.
This study was completed by numerical analysis of the stress transfer
caused by train passage to the track in order to better discern and
understand the location and orientation of these sensors. Different data
processing methods were tested to estimate the train speed and weight. The
results obtained are compared to strain gauge data as well as train
manufacturer data (for train axle loads) and video recordings (for train
speed). A good agreement is observed between these different results,
demonstrating the applicability of FBG sensors to monitoring applications.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 135-150
Issue: 3
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1184598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1184598
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:135-150
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Quinn A. Mulligan
Author-X-Name-First: Quinn A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulligan
Author-Name: Mohammad Barimani
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Barimani
Author-Name: Sheldon I. Green
Author-X-Name-First: Sheldon I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Title: Full-scale freight train underbody aerodynamics with application to track spraying
Abstract:
In this article, measurements of full-scale freight train underbody
aerodynamics relevant to top-of-rail spraying are presented. The velocity
near the wheel was measured using hot wire anemometers mounted on the
train. The pressure was measured using transducers mounted adjacent to the
track. Velocity scaled linearly with locomotive speed and pressure scaled
linearly with dynamic pressure, implying negligible Reynolds number
effects. The mean velocity near the wheels was less than half of the
locomotive speed when the vehicle moved at or greater than the ambient
wind speed. The velocity upwind of the wheel was 30% greater than downwind
of the wheel. These mean velocities are consistent with computational
fluid dynamics simulations of the flow field in the vicinity of the wheel.
Turbulence intensity levels were measured to be 0.08--0.16. The pressure
at the track depends on the configuration of the leading car; the maximum
pressure drop was 65% greater when the hopper car preceded the locomotive
compared to when the locomotive preceded the hopper car.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 151-166
Issue: 3
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1176545
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1176545
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:151-166
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Tim McSweeney
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: McSweeney
Title: Applications of particle swarm optimization in the railway domain
Abstract:
This paper provides a comprehensive review regarding the applications of
particle swarm optimization (PSO) in the railway domain. One hundred and
thirty nine (139) publications in the railway domain are listed and
summarized. The review indicates that PSO has seen more and more
applications in the railway domain in recent years; scheduling, active
controls, and network layout planning represent the three largest
application areas. PSO variants such as genetic PSO, chaotic PSO, and
quantum-behaved PSO are also used in the railway domain. The inertial
weight has been widely accepted and used in railway applications, while
the contraction coefficient and variable velocity limit have seen fewer
applications. Optimization of vehicle mechanical systems dynamics has been
identified as an area that has the potential for more applications. From
this paper, researchers from other areas of the railway domain can
identify many other potential applications. Parallel PSO was not found in
previous railway applications; it can be one direction to leverage the PSO
applications by improving the computational speed. Two new application
cases of parallel PSO for railway vehicle designs were presented.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 167-190
Issue: 3
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1179599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1179599
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:167-190
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaozhen Sheng
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaozhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheng
Title: A review on modelling ground vibrations generated by underground trains
Abstract:
With the rapid development of underground railways in urban areas, ground-borne vibrations caused by underground trains have become a great concern in the environmental and transportation communities. Predictions of dynamic responses of a tunnel-soil system to running trains are now commonly practised in environmental vibration evaluation and tunnel serviceability assessment, since the prediction can make clear mechanisms involved, reveal and quantify key factors and help design control measures. In this paper, a review is given to existing methodologies which have been developed for modelling ground vibrations generated by underground trains, together with discussion on issues which are required to be further addressed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 241-261
Issue: 4
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1591312
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1591312
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:4:p:241-261
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David W. Jacobs
Author-X-Name-First: David W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobs
Author-Name: Ramesh B. Malla
Author-X-Name-First: Ramesh B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Malla
Title: On live load impact factors for railroad bridges
Abstract:
Dynamic loads crossing a bridge cause a structural response greater than if the same loads were static, a fact that has been known to structural engineers for over 125 years. This review paper presents a history of the evolution of railroad bridge impact formulas. Most non-North American countries operate passenger trains at much higher speeds than in North America. In the US, hundreds of very old open deck bridges will eventually likely be required to carry faster trains. This raises the question of what effects higher speeds will have on these bridges. What factors need to be considered in the upgrading of existing open deck bridges to accommodate newer and higher speed train equipment? A comparison of how dynamic impact factors are computed in countries around the world has been presented. Also examined are the differences and reasons between the impact requirements of North American railroads and European and Asian railroads.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 262-278
Issue: 4
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1604182
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1604182
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:4:p:262-278
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yanran Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Yanran
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Bernard K. Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Cameron Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Cameron
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: A comparison study of ride comfort indices between Sperling’s method and EN 12299
Abstract:
Ride comfort refers to human tolerance to vibration exposure over time. Presently, ISO 2631, EN 12,299 and Sperling’s method are the most common evaluation methods for assessing passenger comfort on trains. It is difficult to establish a universal set of requirements because passengers’ perception of comfort may be affected by various factors such as vibration, noise, track condition, etc. In this paper, existing standards and methods for evaluating ride comfort are assessed. A case study of V/Line passenger train in Australia in which the dynamic response is measured and used to evaluate the Continuous Comfort index, Mean Comfort index, and Sperling index. Based on the previous findings and the experimental results, similarities and benefits between these ride comfort methods are analysed and discussed. A new compound Sperling’s index is proposed and the correlations of various ride comfort indices are established.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 279-296
Issue: 4
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1616329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1616329
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:4:p:279-296
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abbas Azadi Moghaddam Arani
Author-X-Name-First: Abbas
Author-X-Name-Last: Azadi Moghaddam Arani
Author-Name: Fariborz Jolai
Author-X-Name-First: Fariborz
Author-X-Name-Last: Jolai
Author-Name: Mohammad Mahdi Nasiri
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Mahdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nasiri
Title: A multi-commodity network flow model for railway capacity optimization in case of line blockage
Abstract:
In this study, a multi-commodity network flow model is proposed to optimize the railroad capacity under temporary line blockage. The proposed model enables the assessment of residual railroad capacity under heterogeneous traffic condition. The model searches for an optimized train timetable to maximize the number of possible train paths by maintaining acceptable percentages of delayed trains. Computational experiments are conducted on instances of Iran railway to evaluate the performance of the model regarding computational efficiency and solution quality. The outcomes demonstrate an average optimality gap of about 3.7% which quantifies the effectiveness of the optimization model within a reasonable computational time. The output of the optimization model has been compared with the UIC406 (International Union of Railway) standard. The proposed optimization model could generate a more realistic solution in comparison with UIC406 method. According to the obtained result, the maximum capacity of the rail line increases by approximately 26.7% compared with UIC 406 code.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 297-320
Issue: 4
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1571450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1571450
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:4:p:297-320
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annemieke Meghoe
Author-X-Name-First: Annemieke
Author-X-Name-Last: Meghoe
Author-Name: Richard Loendersloot
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Loendersloot
Author-Name: Tiedo Tinga
Author-X-Name-First: Tiedo
Author-X-Name-Last: Tinga
Title: Rail wear and remaining life prediction using meta-models
Abstract:
The study presented in this paper proposes a method to estimate the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of railway tracks determined by wear and taking into account various track geometry and usage profile parameters. The relation between these parameters and rail wear is established by means of meta-models derived from physical models. These models are obtained with regression analysis where the best fit is found from a relatively large set of numerical experiments for various scenarios. The specific parameter settings for these scenarios are obtained by using the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method. Furthermore, for the rail profile, which is one of the input parameters for the meta-model, it is shown that the evolution due to wear in moderate curves can be characterized by only one parameter. The findings in this work including are valuable for Infrastructure Managers (IMs) and can easily be implemented in maintenance decision support tools.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-26
Issue: 1
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1621780
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1621780
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:1-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peng Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Peng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Jiye Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiye
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Tian Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tian
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Effects of blocking ratio and Mach number on aerodynamic characteristics of the evacuated tube train
Abstract:
Based on the classical 1-D isentropic theory, the relationship between the critical blocking ratio and the critical incoming flow Mach number in the evacuated tube is deduced in this paper. Next, a simplified 2-D evacuated tube train (ETT) model is used to reveal the distribution characteristics of the flow field in the tube by CFD. The results show that whether the shock waves are fully developed corresponds to whether there is a turning point in the change of ETT drag or wall pressure. The maximum or minimum pressure of the ETT wall has the same trend as that of the tube wall. Linear relationships exist between the ETT drag and the maximum or minimum pressure of the wall and the Mach number after the turning point. Because of the boundary layer around ETT, the maximum and minimum temperatures do not have obvious turning points, but increase with the Mach number.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 27-44
Issue: 1
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1675191
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1675191
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:27-44
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Pandey
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandey
Author-Name: B. Bhattacharya
Author-X-Name-First: B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharya
Title: Effect of bolster suspension parameters of three-piece freight bogie on the lateral frame force
Abstract:
Monitoring of lateral frame forces caused by the Rail vehicles is becoming increasingly important as both speeds and loads are increasing along with putting in more continuous welded rail in use. In this study on a freight wagon fitted with three-piece bogies, the effect of bogie lateral stiffness, snubbing force and wedge coefficient of friction on the lateral frame force is presented. A multibody model in NUCARS consisting of 11 rigid bodies and 49 dof's has been made for performing simulation analysis on 30 different bolster suspension combinations. The simulation results suggest that increasing the snubbing force and/or the wedge coefficient of friction increase the lateral frame forces in general. Increasing the lateral stiffness of the bogie along with the snubbing force cause increase in the lateral frame force. The lateral frame force depends upon the relative interplay of the lateral bogie stiffness and the snubbing force for the subject suspension designs.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 45-65
Issue: 1
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1593059
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1593059
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:45-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bekhzad Yusupov
Author-X-Name-First: Bekhzad
Author-X-Name-Last: Yusupov
Author-Name: Yanjun Qiu
Author-X-Name-First: Yanjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Qiu
Author-Name: Haibo Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Haibo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding
Author-Name: Ali Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Title: Temperature and material behaviour effects on dynamic responses of asphalt concrete trackbed
Abstract:
Developing a simulation model for railway subgrades is an important initial step towards a reliable design for a dense-graded asphalt concrete trackbed. This paper presents a comparative simulation study of the dynamic responses in terms of tensile strains and vertical displacements of the elastic and viscoelastic subgrade surface materials affected by different thermal loadings using the finite element method. The simulations for all conditions were performed with a train speed of 350 km/h. The relationship between different thermal loads and dynamic responses of the railway track materials in terms of tensile strain and vertical displacement was defined. This relationship indicated that the resultant tensile strains and vertical displacements for the viscoelastic material were greater than those of the elastic material at the same thermal load.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 66-79
Issue: 1
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1628671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1628671
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:66-79
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morteza Esmaeili
Author-X-Name-First: Morteza
Author-X-Name-Last: Esmaeili
Author-Name: Shervan Ataei
Author-X-Name-First: Shervan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ataei
Author-Name: Mohammad Siahkouhi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Siahkouhi
Title: A case study of dynamic behaviour of short span concrete slab bridge reinforced by tire-derived aggregates as sub-ballast
Abstract:
In the current study, the dynamic behaviour of a 6-m short span railway bridge with the concrete deck was investigated with and without 200 mm thickness tire-derived aggregate (TDA) layer as a shock absorber. The dynamic performance of the bridge was assessed under GT26 diesel loads for two moving speeds of 20 and 50 km/h in the field. The results showed an increase in track–bridge natural frequency from 20 to 23 Hz due to TDA layer installation. Moreover, maximum acceleration of sleeper and the maximum acceleration along with longitudinal strain of the bridge deck have been decreased by 71%, 40%, and 58%, respectively, for the speed of 20 km/h versus to 63%, 33%, and 58% at the speed of 50 km/h.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 80-98
Issue: 1
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1613938
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1613938
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:80-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Ambros
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ambros
Author-Name: J. Perůtka
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Perůtka
Author-Name: P. Skládaný
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Skládaný
Author-Name: P. Tučka
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tučka
Title: Enhancing the insight into Czech railway level crossings’ safety performance
Abstract:
Railway level crossings (RLCs) are critical elements of both railway and road networks, where accidents mostly result in severe and fatal injuries. In the Czech Republic, most accidents occur on RLCs with flashing lights only. In order to provide insight into safety performance of this RLC category, specific risk factors need to be identified and their overall safety impact quantified. In this regards, the paper describes the application of a multivariate assessment, based on disaggregated safety performance function, developed on a level of sight triangles. The results proved the safety impacts of traffic volumes, as well as speeding and individual sight distances. In addition, this relationship may change based on a distance from RLC: while approaching sight distances were associated with reduction of accident frequency, the opposite trend was found for stopping sight distances. Next, RLC inconspicuousness and potential short storage space were found to be influential risk factors.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 99-108
Issue: 1
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1612791
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1612791
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:99-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iman Hazrati Ashtiani
Author-X-Name-First: Iman
Author-X-Name-Last: Hazrati Ashtiani
Title: Optimization of secondary suspension of three-piece bogie with bevelled friction wedge geometry
Abstract:
The multibody approach is utilized to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the modified friction wedge geometry in the secondary suspension of a freight wagon with three-piece bogies. In proposed design, each wedge is simulated with six Degrees of Freedom with corresponding geometry and inertial properties. The geometry of wedge as well as wedge angle, toe-in condition, and clearances between wedge and bolster/side frame are considered in modelling by point–plane contact technique. The contact model considers unilateral contact and non-smooth frictional forces. The three-dimensional model of the wedge simulates a frictional damping system that interacts with bolster in two separate inclined surfaces, longitudinally and horizontally. The optimum inclination angles are determined to reduce the carbody vertical acceleration and normal wheel–rail contact force subject to a track deviation for empty and loaded conditions. Moreover, the dynamic response of the freight wagon with optimal wedge geometry presents qualitative improvements regarding stability, hunting speed, and derailment probability in comparison with the conventional geometry of wedge.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 213-228
Issue: 4
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1336652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1336652
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:4:p:213-228
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhibin Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Zhibin
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Guoqi Li
Author-X-Name-First: Guoqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Shiling Pei
Author-X-Name-First: Shiling
Author-X-Name-Last: Pei
Author-Name: Hongyan Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Hongyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: Vehicle-induced random vibration of railway bridges: a spectral approach
Abstract:
The vibration of railway bridges induced by moving vehicles was conventionally evaluated through time domain simulations, which are computationally expensive in probabilistic analyses that require Monte Carlo simulation. A frequency domain solution to the random vibration of railway bridges is derived in this paper where the random wheel-rail force is represented by its power spectral density. As a frequency domain approach, the proposed method is naturally suitable for the random analysis of the vehicle-induced bridge vibration, and the method is highly efficient since it only involves the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Numerical examples showed that the simply supported bridge may resonate in several natural modes due to the coincidence of dominant frequencies of hunting forces to the natural frequencies of the bridge. For long-span bridges with low natural frequencies out of which the dominant hunting frequencies fall, resonances are unlikely to occur.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 191-212
Issue: 4
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1338538
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1338538
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:4:p:191-212
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wladyslaw Koc
Author-X-Name-First: Wladyslaw
Author-X-Name-Last: Koc
Title: Shaping of the turnout diverging track with variable curvature sections
Abstract:
The paper presents an analytical method of shaping the turnout diverging track with variable curvature sections. It significantly differs from a typical solution consisting of a single circular arc without any transition curves. Two separate cases including linear and nonlinear curvature (polynomial) are examined. The obtained solutions to the problem are universal. They allow to adopt any arbitrary assumed values of curvature at both ends of the geometrical layout. The paper includes the results of the comparative analysis of the selected variants.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 229-249
Issue: 4
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1356249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1356249
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:4:p:229-249
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Peter Wolfs
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfs
Author-Name: Yan Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Yan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Title: Comparison of locomotive energy storage systems for heavy-haul operation
Abstract:
This paper modelled flywheel and battery energy storage systems for heavy-haul locomotives. Three heavy-haul trains with their traction power provided by diesel, diesel-flywheel, and diesel-battery locomotive consists were simulated on an existing railway. The diesel, flywheel, and battery locomotives have traction powers of 3100 kW, 2000 kW, and 3100 kW, respectively. Energy storages for the flywheel and battery ESSs are 500 kWh and 5000 kWh, respectively. Traction performance, fuel consumption, and emissions were compared for the three simulated trains. The results show that, compared with the diesel train, the diesel-flywheel and diesel-battery trains were 13.26% and 9.20% slower in speed, respectively. However, they decreased their fuel consumption by 12.40% and 20.65%, respectively, and consequently achieved the same percentage decreases for their respective emissions.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-15
Issue: 1
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1325719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1325719
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:1:p:1-15
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Villot
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: Villot
Author-Name: Philippe Jean
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Jean
Author-Name: Loïc Grau
Author-X-Name-First: Loïc
Author-X-Name-Last: Grau
Author-Name: Simon Bailhache
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Bailhache
Title: Predicting railway-induced ground-borne noise from the vibration of radiating building elements using power-based building acoustics theory
Abstract:
Noise measured inside buildings close to railway lines is often a mixture of ground-borne noise and airborne noise. Predicting ground-borne noise from vibration measurements and comparing the result to noise measurements may be useful to identify ground-borne noise. In this paper, the prediction is performed using the building acoustics theory and a power-based parameter called radiation efficiency. Due to the low-frequency range of ground-borne noise where both building elements and rooms have strong modal behaviour, the usual values of radiation efficiency – either measured or calculated under diffuse field conditions – cannot be used anymore. However, this parameter can still be measured or calculated using numerical models, but it becomes situation dependent. In this paper, the values of radiation efficiency useable at low frequencies are calculated and their spectra discussed. Rough approximations are then proposed, thus leading to simplified formulae, useable at the engineering level for prediction but only valid under certain assumptions.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 38-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1357147
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1357147
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:1:p:38-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Schmid
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmid
Author-Name: Kambiz Ebrahimi
Author-X-Name-First: Kambiz
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebrahimi
Author-Name: Antonios Pezouvanis
Author-X-Name-First: Antonios
Author-X-Name-Last: Pezouvanis
Author-Name: Walter Commerell
Author-X-Name-First: Walter
Author-X-Name-Last: Commerell
Title: Model-based comparison of hybrid propulsion systems for railway diesel multiple units
Abstract:
In order to reduce operating costs, railway vehicle operators need to find technical solutions to improve the efficiency of railway diesel multiple units on non-electrified railway routes. This can be achieved by hybridization of diesel multiple unit propulsion systems with electrical energy storage systems to enable brake energy recuperation. After highlighting the state of the art of hybrid railway vehicles and electrical energy storage systems, a simulation model of a generic diesel multiple unit in a 3-car formation is developed and equipped with three types of hybrid power transmissions. Simulations on realistic service profiles with different driving strategies show the potential for fuel consumption reduction for the different transmission types. On a suburban service profile, a 3-car diesel multiple unit is able to achieve simulated fuel savings of up to 24.1% and up to 18.9% on a regional service profile.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 16-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1390790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1390790
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:1:p:16-37
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georges Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Author-Name: Konstantinos E. Vogiatzis
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vogiatzis
Author-Name: David P. Connolly
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly
Title: Assessment of railway ground vibration in urban area using in-situ transfer mobilities and simulated vehicle-track interaction
Abstract:
This article proposes an alternative approach to the well-known Federal Railroad Administration method to evaluate ground vibrations induced by the passing of railway vehicles. The originality lies on the excitation mechanisms that occur in urban areas. A common source of railway-induced ground vibrations is local defects (rail joints, switches, and turnouts) which cause large amplitude excitations at isolated locations along the track. To analyse such situations, a combined numerical-experimental study is developed, based on the use of numerical train/track results and experimental mobility transfer functions. The influence of building foundation type, vehicle, defect type, and size and location is evaluated through experimental data collected in Brussels (Belgium). The results show that it is possible to assess vibrations from light rapid transit systems in the presence of local rail defects and unknown soil conditions.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 113-130
Issue: 2
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1399093
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1399093
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:113-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Bruni
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruni
Author-Name: Giuseppe Bucca
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Bucca
Author-Name: Marco Carnevale
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Carnevale
Author-Name: Andrea Collina
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Collina
Author-Name: Alan Facchinetti
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Facchinetti
Title: Pantograph–catenary interaction: recent achievements and future research challenges
Abstract:
This paper aims to provide an overview of the present status of research in pantograph–overhead line interaction and to outline future research challenges. A review of currently used modelling and simulation approaches is provided, also including hybrid simulation, and emerging trends are outlined. Then, line testing methods for the certification of pantographs and catenaries are described and the limitations of measuring methods now in use are highlighted. Issues related to the reliability and availability of the pantograph–overhead line system and to life-cycle costs are then covered in the paper, particularly concerning wear and other damage phenomena and condition monitoring solutions enabling the efficient maintenance of the system. Pantograph aerodynamics and active control of pantographs are finally identified as two emerging trends of research. For both subjects, a review of problems currently at stake and of future research directions is provided.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 57-82
Issue: 2
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1400156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1400156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:57-82
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gernoth Götz
Author-X-Name-First: Gernoth
Author-X-Name-Last: Götz
Author-Name: Oldrich Polach
Author-X-Name-First: Oldrich
Author-X-Name-Last: Polach
Title: Verification and validation of simulations in a rail vehicle certification context
Abstract:
This article presents recent progress in the application of validation methodologies for the assessment of rail vehicle dynamics by computer simulation. Peculiarities of vehicles’ on-track tests, which represent the experiments, used for model validation, are discussed and the terms validation as well as application domain are introduced. This is followed by a comparison of recently suggested validation metrics for rail vehicle models. The validation approach developed in the DynoTRAIN project and introduced in EN 14363:2016 is applied to investigate the impact of signal synchronization and to evaluate new findings regarding the effect of section selection used for the validation. The DynoTRAIN validation methodology shows a small sensitivity to the inaccuracy of the signals synchronization. The result of this model validation assessment remains either ‘validated’ or ‘not validated,’ rather independently of the selected set of test sections. This confirms the robustness of the DynoTRAIN validation approach.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 83-100
Issue: 2
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1412839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1412839
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:83-100
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qingsong Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Qingsong
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Wei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Xiaozhen Sheng
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaozhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheng
Author-Name: Qingjie Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Qingjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Xiaoyan Lei
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lei
Title: Vertical vibration analysis of temperature-stressed CWR using wave number finite element method
Abstract:
Rail stress in continuously welded railway (CWR) is a quite difficult problem for track maintenance and how to measure the temperature stress in the rail accurately is an important topic. In this paper, the wave number finite element method for a periodic structure is adopted to investigate this problem. This method combines the Fourier transform method with the periodic theory, so that it can be used to analyse the periodicity characteristics of track structure. Based on this method, two different single-layer beam track models under axial force are established, that is, the continuously supported model and the periodic discretely supported model. In both models, the rail is regarded as a Timoshenko beam and the elasticity of the other parts under the rail is represented by a dynamic receptance matrix, [H(ω)]. By changing the magnitude of the temperature stress, the influence of the temperature stress on vertical vibration characteristics of the track structure is analysed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 131-144
Issue: 2
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1415171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1415171
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:131-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hua Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Hua
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Hiraku Tanimoto
Author-X-Name-First: Hiraku
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanimoto
Title: Experimental observation of temperature and surface roughness effects on wheel/rail adhesion in wet conditions
Abstract:
In this study, the relationship between the adhesion coefficient in the wheel and rail contact zone and the temperature under wet conditions was evaluated by means of a twin-disc rolling contact machine while varying the surface roughness of two rolling discs. The experimental results show that the adhesion coefficient is increased by raising the temperature. The surface roughness has a significant influence on the adhesion coefficient, but no trend of increasing the adhesion coefficient proportionally at low temperature was observed. Also, the adhesion coefficient has local maximum or nearly constant value at a threshold of surface roughness. On the other hand, re-adhesion phenomenon, which is characterized by a dramatic increase of the traction coefficient followed by a reduction in slip ratio, was found generally occurs in low temperature.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 101-112
Issue: 2
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1415772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1415772
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:101-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Author-Name: Kelvin C. P. Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin C. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Special issue on ‘1st International Conference on Rail Transportation’
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 55-56
Issue: 2
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1439742
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1439742
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:55-56
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Therese Arvidsson
Author-X-Name-First: Therese
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvidsson
Author-Name: Andreas Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: Raid Karoumi
Author-X-Name-First: Raid
Author-X-Name-Last: Karoumi
Title: Train running safety on non-ballasted bridges
Abstract:
The train running safety on non-ballasted bridges is studied based on safety indices from the vertical wheel–rail forces. A 2D train–track–bridge interaction model that allows for wheel–rail contact loss is adopted for a comprehensive parametric study on high-speed passenger trains. The relation between bridge response and vehicle response is studied for more than 200 theoretical bridges in 1–3 spans. The bridge’s influence on running safety and passenger comfort is differentiated from the influence of the track irregularities. The Eurocode bridge deck acceleration limit for non-ballasted bridges is 5 m/s2 based on the assumed derailment risk at 1 g from wheel–rail contact loss. This study shows that the running safety indices are not compromised for bridge accelerations up to 30 m/s2. Thus, accelerations at 1 g do not in itself lead to contact loss and there is potential to enhance the Eurocode safety limits for non-ballasted bridges.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-22
Issue: 1
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1503975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1503975
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:1:p:1-22
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Izuan Amin Ishak
Author-X-Name-First: Izuan Amin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishak
Author-Name: Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Sukri
Author-X-Name-Last: Mat Ali
Author-Name: Mohamad Fitri Mohd Yakub
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamad Fitri
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohd Yakub
Author-Name: Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim
Author-X-Name-First: Sheikh Ahmad Zaki
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaikh Salim
Title: Effect of crosswinds on aerodynamic characteristics around a generic train model
Abstract:
In this article, simulations of crosswinds over a rectangular prism with two types of train nose shapes (i.e. blunt and ellipse) that are running on flat ground case are discussed. The incident flow angle is varied from 0° to 90°. The flow around the train is solved using the incompressible form of the unsteady Reynolds Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations combined with the Shear-Stress-Transport $$k - \omega $$k−ω turbulence model. The Reynolds number used, based on the height of the train is 3.7 × 105. Two distinctive flow regimes appear which represent a slender body behaviour at a smaller range of incident flow angles (below 45°) and bluff body behaviour at a much higher range of incident flow angles (above 45°). The safety guidelines for train’s operation suggested that both the train’s nose geometry and the wind speed condition are the two major factors that limit the maximum allowable speed for a particular train to be travelling.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 23-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1424573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1424573
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:1:p:23-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wencheng Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Wencheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Bin Shuai
Author-X-Name-First: Bin
Author-X-Name-Last: Shuai
Title: Approach and application on high-speed train stop plan for better passenger transfer efficiency: the China case
Abstract:
A customer-oriented dynamic cyclical adjustment approach is applied to optimize a high-speed railway train stop plan, which includes five steps that should be repeated until reasonable passenger transfer efficiency is reached. First, an improved Frank-Wolfe algorithm is used to assign passenger flow. Second, the obtained train stop plan is evaluated. Finally, the evaluation result is used as a feedback to adjust the train stop plan, a new line plan scheme with new train stop plan is obtained, and another passenger flow distribution is applied. A numerical experiment is carried out by taking the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway network in China as a background.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 55-78
Issue: 1
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1489741
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1489741
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:1:p:55-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rupert Thornely-Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Rupert
Author-X-Name-Last: Thornely-Taylor
Title: The relationship between floor vibration from an underground source and the airborne sound pressure level in the room
Abstract:
Prediction, measurement, and assessment of groundborne noise in buildings due to the operation of underground railways frequently involves knowledge of floor vibration and requires a calculation to be made to estimate the airborne sound pressure level that will be caused by the floor vibration. A rule-of-thumb conversion between the vertical velocity level and the airborne sound level is frequently made. Approximations using calculations of radiation efficiency of the floor plate and the room reverberation time are also sometimes made. This article reviews the classical equations for coupling between finite plates and rectangular rooms using wave acoustics, and their application to floor plates in buildings at low frequencies. It also compares calculated relationships between floor velocity and the room sound pressure level with numerically modelled sound pressure in the airspace above a vibrating plate. Conclusions are drawn regarding appropriate ways of assessing airborne noise caused by a vibrating floor plate when only the floor vibration is known.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 247-255
Issue: 4
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1219240
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1219240
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:4:p:247-255
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Villot
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Villot
Author-Name: E. Augis
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Augis
Author-Name: C. Guigou-Carter
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Guigou-Carter
Author-Name: P. Jean
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jean
Author-Name: P. Ropars
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ropars
Author-Name: S. Bailhache
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bailhache
Author-Name: C. Gallais
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallais
Title: Vibration emission from railway lines in tunnel – characterization and prediction
Abstract:
A method for characterizing and predicting vibration emission from railway lines in tunnels is presented. The characterization method consists in measuring both the tunnel vibration response during train pass-by events and the tunnel effective mobility (mobility combining point and transfer mobilities), from which the line of uncorrelated forces characterizing the source can be calculated. The results from field measurements of commuter train operations are presented and improved using a numerical tunnel/ground model. The transfer of an existing situation to a new one is performed using two different train/track/tunnel models. The situation change is expressed in terms of difference in the force density applied to the tunnel invert between the original and the new situation. The track models are first calibrated from the characterization field measurements and then used to estimate a given situation change. The results of the two models/procedures compare rather well, thus cross-validating the approaches.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 208-228
Issue: 4
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1220267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1220267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:4:p:208-228
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bryan Olivier
Author-X-Name-First: Bryan
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivier
Author-Name: David P. Connolly
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly
Author-Name: Pedro Alves Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves Costa
Author-Name: Georges Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Title: The effect of embankment on high speed rail ground vibrations
Abstract:
This paper presents the numerical prediction of ground vibration levels on embankmented high speed rail lines. First, a campaign of field tests is described, focused on the three-dimensional (3D) monitoring of ground vibration on at-grade and embankmented tracks. Next, a finite element (FE) model is developed to study the detailed earthwork geometries. The model is validated and then used to investigate the effect of embankment stiffness on ground vibration levels both within and at distance from the track-embankment structure. It is found that ground vibration levels are sensitive to embankment stiffness, with stiffer embankments resulting in greatly reduced vibration levels. Further, it is found that in general, well constructed embankmented tracks generate lower levels of ground vibration in comparison to at-grade lines.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 229-246
Issue: 4
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1220844
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1220844
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:4:p:229-246
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georges Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Author-Name: David P. Connolly
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly
Author-Name: Rupert Thornely-Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Rupert
Author-X-Name-Last: Thornely-Taylor
Author-Name: David Waddington
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Waddington
Title: Preface to special issue on ‘Vibration and noise in rail transportation’
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 191-192
Issue: 4
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1220845
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1220845
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:4:p:191-192
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tryfon-Chrysovalantis I. Aravanis
Author-X-Name-First: Tryfon-Chrysovalantis I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Aravanis
Author-Name: John S. Sakellariou
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sakellariou
Author-Name: Spilios D. Fassois
Author-X-Name-First: Spilios D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fassois
Title: Spectral analysis of railway vehicle vertical vibration under normal operating conditions
Abstract:
This study focuses on railway vertical random vibration–based spectral analysis under normal operating conditions. Vibration acceleration measurements are acquired using sensors mounted on the car body, bogie frame, axle bearing, and primary suspension of an Athens Metro vehicle running without passengers on a straight track. Two distinct track segments and four speeds (50, 60, 70, 80 km/h) are considered. The analysis focuses on the 0–1000 Hz frequency range using data-based non-parametric and parametric spectral estimation methods. The results indicate good agreement of the methods, the prominence of the 5–170 Hz frequency range along with higher frequencies at around 300 Hz and in the range of 600–750 Hz on the car body and the bogie frame vibration, the relatively minor dependency of the dynamics on the track segment, but their significant dependence on train speed. Yet, resonant frequencies are affected to a lesser extent, with at least 20 of them appearing as prominent.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 193-207
Issue: 4
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1221749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1221749
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:4:p:193-207
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 4
Volume: 4
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1232213
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1232213
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:4:y:2016:i:4:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Akbar Danesh
Author-X-Name-First: Akbar
Author-X-Name-Last: Danesh
Author-Name: Massoud Palassi
Author-X-Name-First: Massoud
Author-X-Name-Last: Palassi
Author-Name: Ali Asghar Mirghasemi
Author-X-Name-First: Ali Asghar
Author-X-Name-Last: Mirghasemi
Title: Evaluating the influence of ballast degradation on its shear behaviour
Abstract:
The main goal of this research is to investigate the effect of ballast degradation on its shear strength behaviour. For this purpose, some crushing tests were carried out at different compressive loads to simulate ballast degradation. Large direct shear box tests were conducted on degraded ballast samples at various breakage ratios to investigate their shear strength properties. According to the crushing test results, higher compressive load leads to more degradation and more axial strain, as expected. However, the rate of growth of degradation as well as axial strain decreases with load. In addition, comparison of shear behaviour of fresh ballast and degraded ballast indicates that by increasing the degradation, i.e. the breakage ratio up to 21%, the shear strength is decreased up to 48%. Furthermore, stress–strain responses of specimens indicate that the dilation angle of degraded ballast samples decrease both with an increase in breakage ratio and with increase in normal stress.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 145-162
Issue: 3
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1411212
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1411212
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:3:p:145-162
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xuhui He
Author-X-Name-First: Xuhui
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Yongbin Gai
Author-X-Name-First: Yongbin
Author-X-Name-Last: Gai
Author-Name: Teng Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Teng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Simulation of train–bridge interaction under wind loads: a rigid-flexible coupling approach
Abstract:
This study proposed a rigid-flexible coupling method to simulate the train–bridge vibration under the actions of wind loads. Specifically, the numerical models of a rigid train and a flexible bridge were first established in the Multibody Dynamics Software SIMPACK and the Finite Element Software ANSYS, respectively. The bridge model was then integrated, using the virtual rigid body as an intermediate object, into the SIMPACK as a flexible body through the interface module FlexModal. The wind loads were applied to the coupled train–bridge system in the SIMPACK, and then the dynamic responses were obtained. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed rigid-flexible coupling approach was verified by calculating the responses of the train–bridge system under various train speeds and comparing the results with those from FlexTrack module. The Xijiang Bridge on the Nanning–Guangzhou railway was employed as a case study to evaluate the dynamic indices under various combinations of the train and wind speeds.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 163-182
Issue: 3
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1415170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1415170
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:3:p:163-182
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Masoud Mohebbi
Author-X-Name-First: Masoud
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohebbi
Author-Name: Mohammad Ali Rezvani
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezvani
Title: Multi objective optimization of aerodynamic design of high speed railway windbreaks using Lattice Boltzmann Method and wind tunnel test results
Abstract:
This article proposes a combination of the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and wind tunnel test results with Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) on aerodynamic design of high speed railway windbreaks. A two dimensional model of a high speed train with the inclusion of a variety of windbreaks are considered. Optimization methods are considered for the minimization of the aerodynamic coefficients for windbreaks of particular shapes. The searching space for the design parameters include the windbreak geometry and its position in the track. The potential flow solver is based on a modern method in computational fluid dynamics, namely the Lattice Boltzmann Method. 2D simulations based on LBM on a type of high speed train at the presence of a variety of windbreaks are studied. Results are verified through wind tunnel tests on a scaled model of the train. For optimum design, LBM simulations are combined with the Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 183-201
Issue: 3
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1463873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1463873
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:3:p:183-201
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Kai Duan
Author-X-Name-First: Kai
Author-X-Name-Last: Duan
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Yan Quan Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Yan Quan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Ingemar Persson
Author-X-Name-First: Ingemar
Author-X-Name-Last: Persson
Title: Implementation of a wheel–rail temperature model for locomotive traction studies
Abstract:
Calculation of the temperature in the contact zone at the wheel–rail interface is a very complex and important issue for multidisciplinary railway studies. The knowledge of temperature in the contact interface between two bodies, and with the possible presence of a third body interfacial layer, allows making informed judgments on processes in areas such as lubricant choice, wear estimation, life cycle prediction, etc. This paper focuses on development of a temperature modelling methodology in Gensys, and also presents its implementation for the study of temperatures at different contact points (top of rail, gauge corner, and gauge face contacts). In operational practice, all these mentioned contacts have different coefficients of friction which should be characterized as velocity and slip-dependent variables. To demonstrate the workability of the developed methodology, numerical experiments for a heavy haul locomotive equipped with a simplified bogie traction control system have been performed on curved track, where a locomotive has been operated under maximum traction forces and with longitudinal and lateral coupler forces attached in order to take into account train dynamics. Both new and worn rail profiles have been used. Limitations of the proposed methodology as well as proposed future work and further improvements are discussed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-15
Issue: 1
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1190306
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1190306
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:1-15
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zili Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zili
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Xin Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xin
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Rolf Dollevoet
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Dollevoet
Title: An approach to determine a critical size for rolling contact fatigue initiating from rail surface defects
Abstract:
A methodology for the determination of a critical size of surface defects, above which RCF can initiate, has been developed and demonstrated with its application to the passive type of squats under typical Dutch railway loading conditions. Such a methodology is based on stress evaluation of transient rolling contact at the defects, for which a detailed 3D frictional rolling contact model is integrated in the vehicle–track interaction system. Through comparing the maximal von Mises stress at defects of different sizes with the tensile strength of the rail material, the critical size is derived for squats. Observations during a field monitoring test show a good validation of the determined critical size. In practice, the critical size can be used for distinguishing between light squats and trivial defects by visual inspection or by automatic image recognition, so that false statistics of squats can be reduced or prevented. With necessary modifications and improvements, the developed methodology may also be applied to RCF of other rolling contact pairs in general, such as bearings and gears.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 16-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1194775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1194775
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:16-37
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammed F. M. Hussein
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed F. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hussein
Author-Name: Pedro A. Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: A. Costa
Title: The effect of end bearings on the dynamic behaviour of floating-slab tracks with discrete slab units
Abstract:
This article builds on previous work in the literature to investigate the dynamic effect of end bearings between consecutive slab units of floating-slab tracks. The work considers a floating-slab track with discrete units under the action of a harmonic moving load. A special periodic-structure model is developed for this purpose. The model performs calculations in the frequency domain and makes use of the periodicity condition resulting from the use of unit slabs as well as that due to the nature of applied loading. The article demonstrates the influence of vertical stiffness of end bearings and its effect on the dynamic responses of the tracks.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 38-46
Issue: 1
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1203736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1203736
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:38-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Rådeström
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Rådeström
Author-Name: Mahir Ülker-Kaustell
Author-X-Name-First: Mahir
Author-X-Name-Last: Ülker-Kaustell
Author-Name: Andreas Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: Viktor Tell
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor
Author-X-Name-Last: Tell
Author-Name: Raid Karoumi
Author-X-Name-First: Raid
Author-X-Name-Last: Karoumi
Title: Application of fluid viscous dampers to mitigate vibrations of high-speed railway bridges
Abstract:
Several bridges along the Bothnia railway line in Sweden do not fulfil the Eurocode requirements regarding the maximum vertical bridge deck acceleration. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of reducing the acceleration of one of these bridges to an acceptable level by using post-installed viscous dampers. The bridge-damper system is described by a single-degree-of-freedom model. Assuming that the dampers do not change the mode shapes of the bridge, the model is further generalized to include higher order bending modes. The dampers are connected between the bottom surface of the bridge deck and the abutments. This creates an eccentricity between the connection point of the dampers and the neutral axis of the bridge, which is found to have a significant influence on the efficiency of the dampers. The results of this study also indicate that the proposed retrofit method can reduce the accelerations to an acceptable level.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 47-62
Issue: 1
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1209444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1209444
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:47-62
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ke Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Ke
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Haitao Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Haitao
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Cai Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Cai
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Zhengyou He
Author-X-Name-First: Zhengyou
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Lihua Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Lihua
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: A simulation platform to assess comprehensive power quality issues in electrified railways
Abstract:
The comprehensive power quality (PQ) issues in electrified railways have concerned many research innovations. Many of these topics need a detailed traction power supply system (TPSS) modelling. In response to such a need, a generalized simulation platform is therefore presented. It contains an offline simulation platform and an online monitoring platform, which are developed using MATLAB and LabVIEW software, respectively. The offline platform conducts power and harmonic simulations of the dynamic TPSS over a specific period. It consists of four main subsystems: (1) background utility subsystem, (2) dynamic traction load behaviour subsystem, (3) TPSS solution subsystem, and (4) PQ assessment subsystem. The platform is user-friendly and can be used to model and modify the traction topology (e.g. multiple lines, utility system, and catenary system) and parameters (e.g. different train types, transformers, and infrastructures). Finally, three case studies are presented, and the results show a good performance of the proposed platform.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 233-254
Issue: 4
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1424046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1424046
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:4:p:233-254
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. C. Wu
Author-X-Name-First: S. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Z. W. Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Z. W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Y. X. Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Y. X.
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: G. Z. Kang
Author-X-Name-First: G. Z.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Author-Name: Z. X. Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Z. X.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: On the residual life assessment of high-speed railway axles due to induction hardening
Abstract:
Surface hardening treatment can significantly increase the hardness of axle surface and introduce negative residual stress field into the axle. This work proposed an integrated stress rebuilding strategy of unit pressure and proportional integral approach to conduct the residual life prediction of an induction hardened axles and a load spectrum. A large crack aspect ratio a/c = 0.9 at the transition was used to predict the residual lifetime. It is well found that the hardened layer can provide a considerable fatigue resistance. Moreover, the critical stress region transfers to the inside of the axle or beneath the hardening layer rather than the free surface. Due to compressive residual stress, the evolved crack shape of hardened axles is completely different from original axles, showing a large aspect ratio. Totally, surface strengthened axles can acquire a prospective extended residual life.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 218-232
Issue: 4
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1427008
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1427008
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:4:p:218-232
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karin Norén-Cosgriff
Author-X-Name-First: Karin
Author-X-Name-Last: Norén-Cosgriff
Author-Name: Eric Gustav Berggren
Author-X-Name-First: Eric Gustav
Author-X-Name-Last: Berggren
Author-Name: Amir Massoud Kaynia
Author-X-Name-First: Amir Massoud
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaynia
Author-Name: Niels Norman Dam
Author-X-Name-First: Niels Norman
Author-X-Name-Last: Dam
Author-Name: Niels Mortensen
Author-X-Name-First: Niels
Author-X-Name-Last: Mortensen
Title: A new method for estimation of critical speed for railway tracks on soft ground
Abstract:
This paper presents a new method, ETL (EBER Track Lab), which allows for estimation of critical speed from measurements from a running train at normal speeds. Hence, large distances can be covered in short time. The method is based on the idea that the dynamic amplification, and the change of shape of the displacement curve under the loaded axle, starts already at speeds well below the critical speed. By observing the change in the displacement curve and comparing it with the results from a theoretical model one can derive an estimate of critical speed. The method has been validated by calculations and test runs. Both the measurements and the calculations show that ETL can give a reasonable estimate of the critical speed from a measurement speed of 0.4 times the critical speed or higher. The method has been applied for inventory measurements on the main network in Denmark.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 203-217
Issue: 4
Volume: 6
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1474811
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1474811
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:6:y:2018:i:4:p:203-217
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ze-Rui Xiang
Author-X-Name-First: Ze-Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiang
Author-Name: Jin-Yi Zhi
Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhi
Author-Name: Jun-Hui Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Jun-Hui
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Hong-Jun Kang
Author-X-Name-First: Hong-Jun
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Author-Name: Tian Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tian
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Peng-Fei Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Peng-Fei
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Fang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Fang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: A systematic approach for streamlined head form design and evaluation of Chinese high-speed train
Abstract:
Product forms can reflect the comprehensive quality of products. High-speed trains are highly technological industrial product, and their streamlined heads (nose shapes) are designed based on aerodynamics, ergonomics/human factors, aesthetics, culture, and relevant standards and techniques. Considering these factors, we proposed a systematic approach for streamlined head form design and evaluation of a Chinese high-speed train. There are 4 stages in the design process, each of which has a unique task. The first stage includes the determination of design objects, design basis, and crucial design size. The second stage is conceptual design using concept sketches highly valued in aesthetics, cultural connotation, and innovation. The final stages are the design and evaluation of the new streamlined head forms via computer-aided aerodynamic and ergonomic technologies. A Chinese high-speed train was used to describe the procedures and practicability of this proposed approach, as well as show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 117-139
Issue: 2
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1501776
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1501776
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:2:p:117-139
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sundar Shrestha
Author-X-Name-First: Sundar
Author-X-Name-Last: Shrestha
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Title: Review of adhesion estimation approaches for rail vehicles
Abstract:
The estimation of adhesion conditions between wheels and rails during railway operations is an important task as it helps to characterise the braking and traction control system. Since the adhesion condition is influenced by many factors, its estimation process is complex. This paper reviews the existing approaches to estimate adhesion conditions. These approaches are model-based prediction, inverse dynamic modelling, Kalman filter method, artificial neural network method and particle swarm optimisation method. The classification, methodologies, theories and applications of these approaches are included in this paper. The advantages and limitations of these methods are analysed to provide an application recommendation for adhesion estimation. This review has concluded that all estimation approaches undergo a linearisation stage where error cannot be avoided. The trade-off between accuracy and analysis time must be considered. This review also discusses how to improve existing approaches to achieve a more precise estimation of adhesion conditions.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 79-102
Issue: 2
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1513344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1513344
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:2:p:79-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. P. Sysyn
Author-X-Name-First: M. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sysyn
Author-Name: V. V. Kovalchuk
Author-X-Name-First: V. V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kovalchuk
Author-Name: D. Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Title: Performance study of the inertial monitoring method for railway turnouts
Abstract:
The inertial measurement method of the ESAH-M (Electronic Analysis System of Crossing – Portable) system for the railway turnouts is a promising technique in railway infrastructure. However, the measurement accuracy and sensitivity are affected by many influencing factors that could lead to the great uncertainty of the measurement. Error analysis of the one-sensor inertial measurement system and the progressive optimization of the data processing are carried out to improve the measurement accuracy.The spatial propagations of the vibration waves are studied to find out the possible error sources. The inaccuracy of the measurement and the data processing depend largely on the relationship between the impact point on the frog nose and the sensor position. As the result, the coefficient of variation of the measured accelerations could be significantly reduced under the consideration of all the possible influencing factors to improve the performance of the inertial measurements systems.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 103-116
Issue: 2
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1514282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1514282
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:2:p:103-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Chao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Qiyuan Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Qiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Javad Lessan
Author-X-Name-First: Javad
Author-X-Name-Last: Lessan
Author-Name: Liping Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Liping
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Chaozhe Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Chaozhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Title: A data-driven time supplements allocation model for train operations on high-speed railways
Abstract:
This paper presents a time supplements allocation (TSA) method that incorporates historical train operation data to optimize buffer-time distribution in the sections and stations of a published timetable. First, delay recovery behavior is investigated and key influential factors are identified using real-world train movement records from the Wuhan–Guangzhou High-speed Railway (WH-GZ HSR) in China. Then, a ridge regression model is proposed that explains delay recovery time (RT) regarding buffer times at station (BTA), buffer times in section (BTE), and the severity of the primary delay (PD). Next, a TSA model is presented that takes the quantitative effects of identified factors as input to optimize time supplements locally. The presented model is applied to a case study comparing the existing and optimized timetables of 24 trains operating during peak morning hours. Results indicate an average 12.9% improvement in delay recovery measures of these trains.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 140-157
Issue: 2
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1520613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1520613
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:2:p:140-157
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Altan Onat
Author-X-Name-First: Altan
Author-X-Name-Last: Onat
Author-Name: Petr Voltr
Author-X-Name-First: Petr
Author-X-Name-Last: Voltr
Author-Name: Michael Lata
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Lata
Title: A new friction condition identification approach for wheel–rail interface
Abstract:
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in designing intelligent vehicles such that they can take necessary actions according to the environmental changes around them and they can inform decision makers about these changes. For safer and cheaper transport, dynamic modelling of these vehicles and identification of such changes in environment based on these models plays an important role. In this study, a sigma point Kalman filter-based scheme (i.e. joint unscented Kalman filter) is proposed to estimate maximum friction coefficient as a parameter in wheel–rail interface. This estimation scheme uses interpretation of lateral and yaw dynamic response of a wheelset to identify maximum friction coefficient. This joint unscented Kalman filter-based approach provides information about the friction conditions in wheel–rail interface without post-processing of estimated data.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 127-144
Issue: 3
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1253511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1253511
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:3:p:127-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ding Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Ding
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Sheng Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Sheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Zhengyou He
Author-X-Name-First: Zhengyou
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Xiaojun Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaojun
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Title: A technical framework of PHM and active maintenance for modern high-speed railway traction power supply systems
Abstract:
The safety and reliability of traction power supply systems (TPSSs) have aroused concern for the long-term development of high-speed railway (HSR) in China. To improve the current TPSS maintenance situation, it is essential to manage and make full use of the abundant data from on-line sensors and off-line tests for fault detection and prediction. This paper proposes a novel framework using prognostics and health management and active maintenance (PHM-AM) technology for TPSS maintenance. The hardware components and software modules needed to implement the proposed PHM-AM framework are described in details. Subsequently, several methodologies are employed to address the issues of data management, utilization, and maintenance in TPSSs. Finally, the implementation of the PHM-AM system is illustrated through three case studies and a preliminary software interface. These examples help to bridge the gap between theoretical modelling and the practical application of fault detection, health diagnosis, and maintenance decision-making methods in TPSSs.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 145-169
Issue: 3
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1286954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1286954
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:3:p:145-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Zhongcan Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zhongcan
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Javad Lessan
Author-X-Name-First: Javad
Author-X-Name-Last: Lessan
Author-Name: Liping Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Liping
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Chaozhe Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Chaozhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Title: Statistical investigation on train primary delay based on real records: evidence from Wuhan–Guangzhou HSR
Abstract:
The focus of this study was to conduct statistical analysis on primary delays in Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway (HSR). The main statistics of primary delays were investigated, including delay causes, delay frequencies, delays’ temporal and spatial occurrences, affected number of trains, and delay recovery patterns. Models that can illustrate the primary delays duration and the number of affected trains were developed. Namely, the log-normal and the Weibull distributions are tested, and the results affirm that the former one can better approximate the duration of primary delays. Subsequently, a non-linear regression model to fit the distribution of the affected number of trains was presented. The temporal and spatial analysis of primary delays and capacity utilization show that there is a high degree of dependency between the periods with high delay frequency and capacity bottlenecks. Specifically, wherever there is a high capacity utilization rate, there is a high probability of delay occurrence. This study provides insightful findings that help in understanding the primary delays in HSR operation and conducting further research.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 170-189
Issue: 3
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1307144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1307144
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:3:p:170-189
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yang Song
Author-X-Name-First: Yang
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Zhigang Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhigang
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Zhao Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhao
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Jing Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Developed moving mesh method for high-speed railway pantograph-catenary interaction based on nonlinear finite element procedure
Abstract:
In modern electrified railway industries, the transmission quality of the electric power from the power supply to the locomotive is determined by the dynamic performance of the catenary-pantograph interaction. The mathematical modelling is a high-performance tool to study the dynamic behaviour of the catenary-pantograph system. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, a moving mesh method is implemented with a nonlinear finite element model of catenary. The contact wire is re-meshed according to the contact point between the pantograph and the catenary in each simulation time step. Addressing the unbalanced forces caused by re-meshing the contact wire, an iterative procedure is proposed based on the equilibrium equations of the flexible cable element. Through the analysis of simulation results, the proposed method shows good performance in improving the simulation efficiency and eliminating unbalanced forces. The comparison with the measurement data demonstrates the preliminary validation of the proposed method.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 173-190
Issue: 3
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1532330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1532330
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:173-190
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lu Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Lu
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Daisy Saldarriaga
Author-X-Name-First: Daisy
Author-X-Name-Last: Saldarriaga
Author-Name: Boya You
Author-X-Name-First: Boya
Author-X-Name-Last: You
Author-Name: Fengxiang Qiao
Author-X-Name-First: Fengxiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Qiao
Author-Name: Qing Li
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Evaluation of transportation and economic impact of short line railroads in Texas
Abstract:
This research proposed an analytical methodology to examine transportation and economic impacts for Texas short line railroads, which provide services to communities that have a few significant industries. If the rail industry failed, the entire community would suffer economically. Diverted truck traffic would also increase roadway maintenance requirements and potentially reduce safety for road users. A survey was conducted to identify direct and indirect customer bases of the railroads, which includes an online survey and in-person interviews. Various stakeholders, including railroad customers and local community leaders, were involved in the survey. IMPLAN database was used to estimate economic impacts of short lines at state level. Transportation and economic impact analyses were conducted to estimate the costs by rails and diverted truck services, respectively, including operational, maintenance, and environmental costs. Results showed that short lines could significantly save transportation costs and produce much less noise, comparing to diverted trucks.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 191-207
Issue: 3
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1538827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1538827
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:191-207
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y. Kang
Author-X-Name-First: Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Author-Name: A. Iranitalab
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Iranitalab
Author-Name: A. Khattak
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Khattak
Title: Modeling railroad trespassing crash frequency using a mixed-effects negative binomial model
Abstract:
A better understanding of rail trespass crashes is needed as more than 400 trespassing related fatalities occur along rail tracks each year in the United States (U.S.). The objective of this research was to investigate factors associated with the occurrence of rail trespass crashes. Yearly crash frequency for counties in the U.S. with train tracks was modeled using a Mixed-effects Negative Binomial Model based on 2012–2016 datasets from the Federal Railroad Administration, the U.S. Census Bureau and National Historical Geographic Information System. Results revealed that key factors affecting rail trespassing crashes include county population density, length of rail tracks in a county, median age and male proportion of the county population, and average train traffic within a county. The findings provided useful information on improving public safety along railroad tracks.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 208-218
Issue: 3
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1550626
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1550626
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:208-218
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Li Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Author-Name: Tao Deng
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Deng
Author-Name: Ming-nian Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Ming-nian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Qi Li
Author-X-Name-First: Qi
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Shuo-shuo Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Shuo-shuo
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: Passengers’ evacuation from a fire train in railway tunnel
Abstract:
To acquire the evacuation time and average evacuation velocity of young adults under a train fire situation in railway tunnel, experiments and numerical simulations were conducted. According to the results, if the fire train continues running, the number of passengers in adjacent compartment affects the evacuation procedure in fire compartment greatly. The average velocity decreases by 45.7% when the adjacent compartment is 40% overloaded. If the fire train stops immediately, evacuation in the fire compartment is influenced greatly by the number and location of opened train doors. The average evacuation velocity decreases by 21.6% when two doors are opened on one side other than on two sides. Also, it is advisable to set the evacuation velocities of young adult male and female to be 1.2 m/s and 1.0 m/s respectively under train fire situation in railway tunnel. The results have important implications for rail safety.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 159-172
Issue: 3
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1552210
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1552210
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:159-172
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dinesh Gundavaram
Author-X-Name-First: Dinesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Gundavaram
Author-Name: Syed Khaja Karimullah Hussaini
Author-X-Name-First: Syed Khaja Karimullah
Author-X-Name-Last: Hussaini
Title: Polyurethane-based stabilization of railroad ballast – a critical review
Abstract:
In the recent past, the use of polyurethane polymers to stabilize the ballast is on rise. This paper presents a critical review of different polyurethane stabilization techniques used across the world to treat railroad ballast. The main aim is to explore the effect of polyurethane polymers on the bonding between the ballast particles and its subsequent role in improving the ballast strength and reducing the track settlements. A review of literature reveals that the polyurethane coating enhances the shear strength and reduces the ballast degradation under direct shear conditions. The polyurethane treated ballast has also shown lesser vertical settlement and plastic strain compared to untreated ballast under cyclic loading. These findings are supported by the results from numerical simulations as well. The field studies on polyurethane treated ballast have also confirmed the role of polymer in strengthening the ballast that eventually reduces the track maintenance costs.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 219-240
Issue: 3
Volume: 7
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1570477
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1570477
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:219-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Y. Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: J. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Z. W. Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Z. W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: D. J. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: D. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: The effect of a moving ground on the flow and aerodynamic noise behaviour of a simplified high-speed train bogie
Abstract:
Aeroacoustic sources around the train bogie area are particularly important but involve complex flow. In this study, a numerical investigation is presented of the effect of a moving ground on the flow and aeroacoustic noise behaviour of a train bogie. These make use of the delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDES) combined with an acoustic analogy for noise prediction. First, the flow around an isolated wheel set (1:5 scale) is calculated when it is in proximity to the ground and this is compared with wind-tunnel measurements to verify the simulation. Then the flow and aerodynamic noise behaviour of a simplified high-speed train bogie at scale 1:10 with and without the ground underneath are studied numerically. It is found that a highly turbulent flow is generated within the bogie cavity and the ground increases the noise levels by 6–8 dB due to a combination of acoustic reflection from the ground and modifications to the flow.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 110-125
Issue: 2
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1212677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1212677
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:2:p:110-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Latorre Iglesias
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Latorre Iglesias
Author-Name: David J. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: David J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: Malcolm Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Toshiki Kitagawa
Author-X-Name-First: Toshiki
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitagawa
Author-Name: Nobuhiro Yamazaki
Author-X-Name-First: Nobuhiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamazaki
Title: Anechoic wind tunnel tests on high-speed train bogie aerodynamic noise
Abstract:
Aerodynamic noise becomes a significant noise source at speeds normally reached by high-speed trains. The train bogies are identified as important sources of aerodynamic noise. Due to the difficulty to assess this noise source carrying out field tests, wind tunnel tests offer many advantages. Tests were performed in the large-scale low-noise anechoic wind tunnel at Maibara, Japan, using a 1/7 scale train car and bogie model for a range of flow speeds between 50, 76, 89 and 100 m/s. The dependence of the aerodynamic noise from the bogie region on different factors has been studied for different bogie configurations and inflow conditions representing different positions of the bogie along the train. The speed dependence and the noise directivity have also been assessed. The results show the particular importance of the components exposed to the free flow, whereas those shielded within the bogie cavity are shown to radiate much less noise.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 87-109
Issue: 2
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2016.1274685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2016.1274685
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:2:p:87-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ngoc Trung Ngo
Author-X-Name-First: Ngoc Trung
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngo
Author-Name: Buddhima Indraratna
Author-X-Name-First: Buddhima
Author-X-Name-Last: Indraratna
Author-Name: Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Author-X-Name-First: Cholachat
Author-X-Name-Last: Rujikiatkamjorn
Title: Stabilization of track substructure with geo-inclusions—experimental evidence and DEM simulation
Abstract:
This article reviews on current knowledge of rail track geomechanics, including several important concepts and topics related to laboratory testing and computational modelling, to study the shear stress-strain and deformation of ballast improved by geosynthetics and recycled rubber mats. The effect that impact loads have on ballast degradation and its mitigation due to resilient synthetic mats (i.e. rubber mats) between the ballast and the subballast is investigated using large-scale impact-testing apparatus. Computational modelling with finite element and discrete element methods are increasingly being used to model ballasted tracks reinforced with geosynthetics to capture the continuum media of formation soils and the discrete nature of ballast aggregates. The article focuses on reviewing previous studies by the University of Wollongong on ballasted track substructure and highlights some practical implications whereby innovation progresses from theory to practice.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 63-86
Issue: 2
Volume: 5
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2017.1279085
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2017.1279085
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:5:y:2017:i:2:p:63-86
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Title: Preface to special issue on parallel computing and co-simulation in railway research
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 109-110
Issue: 2
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1711213
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1711213
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:2:p:109-110
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Tim McSweeney
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: McSweeney
Title: Parallel computing in railway research
Abstract:
Available computing power for researchers has been increasing exponentially over the last decade. Parallel computing is possibly the best way to harness computing power provided by multiple computing units. This paper reviews parallel computing applications in railway research as well as the enabling techniques used for the purpose. Nine enabling techniques were reviewed and Message Passing Interface, Domain Decomposition and Hadoop & Apache are the top three most widely used enabling techniques. Seven major application topics were reviewed and iterative optimisations, continuous dynamics and data & signal analysis are the most widely reported applications. The reasons why these applications are suitable for parallel computing were discussed as well as the suitability of various enabling techniques for different applications. Computing time speed-ups that were reported from these applications were summarised. The challenges for applying parallel computing for railway research are discussed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 111-134
Issue: 2
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2018.1553115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2018.1553115
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:2:p:111-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bryan Olivier
Author-X-Name-First: Bryan
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivier
Author-Name: Olivier Verlinden
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Verlinden
Author-Name: Georges Kouroussis
Author-X-Name-First: Georges
Author-X-Name-Last: Kouroussis
Title: A vehicle/track/soil model using co-simulation between multibody dynamics and finite element analysis
Abstract:
Due to the always growing computing power, virtual models become nowadays a popular mean to simulate complex problems such as vehicle stability, track settlement or ground-borne vibrations induced by railway vehicles. This paper presents a co-simulation model of a vehicle passing on a track that lays on a soil. The model is split into two subsystems that are the vehicle and track subdomains and the soil subdomain. The coupled vehicle/track subsystem is modeled into an in-house multibody dedicated software package while the soil is entirely modeled with the help of a finite element analysis software. The results obtained using Jacobi and Gauß-Seidel methods, two different co-simulation techniques, will be compared to an already validated two-step model. Moreover, besides the results, this paper presents the coupling technique used between both subsystems to allow co-simulation and depicts the data management between the two distinct simulation environments.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 135-158
Issue: 2
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1642152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1642152
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:2:p:135-158
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Bosso
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Bosso
Author-Name: Nicolò Zampieri
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Zampieri
Title: Numerical stability of co-simulation approaches to evaluate wheel profile evolution due to wear
Abstract:
Wear simulation for railway wheel profiles is a complex problem which requires dynamics simulation of the vehicle on a long track and detailed analyses of the contact forces, which have to adopt non-linear methods to simulate the material behaviour. Since the dynamics of the vehicle and the behaviour of the material evolve differently, it is possible to use different codes to solve the problems. Furthermore, when thousands of kilometres are needed to produce wear, the profile wear is usually virtually amplified using wear multipliers to reduce computing time. This process can produce numerical instability if the multipliers and profile update intervals are not chosen appropriately. In this paper, the Simpack multibody code is used to simulate vehicle dynamics and to calculate the wear removed on a reference track, then the MATLAB code is used to smooth the profile and define the update intervals.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 159-179
Issue: 2
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1672588
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1672588
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:2:p:159-179
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ícaro P. Teodoro
Author-X-Name-First: Ícaro P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Teodoro
Author-Name: Jony J. Eckert
Author-X-Name-First: Jony J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Eckert
Author-Name: Pedro F. Lopes
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes
Author-Name: Thiago S. Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Thiago S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Author-Name: Auteliano A. Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Auteliano A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Title: Parallel simulation of railway pneumatic brake using openMP
Abstract:
The continuous growth of ore train lengths demands more efficient schedules, improved transit estimations and accident prevention schemes. Braking is a key component in achieving these objectives. Understandably, physical testing is potentially dangerous and costly. Meanwhile, the computational cost of calculating vehicle forces and brake airflow is high, both in computational effort and time. Therefore, strategies to improve analytical and simulation effectiveness efficiency are critical to achieve the goal of transporting more cargo safely and economically. This work implemented and compared the computational cost of a parallelization method against a traditional single-thread approach. The first model is based on lump parameters, while the second use Navier-Stokes conservation equations assuming an isothermal environment. Both models used OpenMP to execute on multiple cores. This implementation resulted in an 80% reduction in model solution time, when compared with the traditional single-thread approach.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 180-194
Issue: 2
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1660239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1660239
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:2:p:180-194
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuan Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Author-Name: Guang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Guang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Guosong Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Guosong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Zhenxian Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhenxian
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Jiayin Tang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiayin
Author-X-Name-Last: Tang
Title: Suspension parameters optimum of high-speed train bogie for hunting stability robustness
Abstract:
Hunting stability of high-speed train is an important objective for the optimization of bogie suspension parameters. An adequate hunting stability margin is required for the high-speed train. Besides, a remarkable ability to resist the influence caused by the disturbance of bogie suspension parameters and wheel-rail contact parameters on hunting stability is also required. In this paper, the concept of robustness of hunting stability is proposed, and the indexes for vehicle speed robustness, suspension parameter robustness, and wheel-rail contact equivalent conicity robustness are defined and chosen as the optimization objectives for the bogie suspension parameters. The multi-objective optimization method is used, which can optimize the key suspension parameters simultaneously to balance the multiple complicated and conflicting performance indexes, and six groups of typical suspension parameters are obtained by cluster analysis of Pareto frontier. The correlation between suspension parameters and each index is analysed by multivariate statistical analysis, and the optimization and matching rules for key suspension parameters of the high-speed train bogie based on hunting stability robustness are obtained. With the application of this method during the design process of suspension parameters, the hunting stability of high-speed trains in service can be greatly improved.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 195-214
Issue: 3
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1625824
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1625824
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:195-214
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. S. Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: M. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Author-Name: A. P. Martins
Author-X-Name-First: A. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Author-Name: J. Milho
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Milho
Title: Railway seat design for injury mitigation in crash scenario
Abstract:
A validated framework developed to analyse railway occupant safety is presented here. The inexistence of restraints and the larger distance between contact features for the railway cabin interior decreases the predictability on the kinematics of its occupants. Simulation results are evaluated considering the severity of the injuries, assessed and quantified using the relevant criteria. It was introduced a head padding that conducted to a reduction of the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) but worsening the value of neck-bending moment in extension (NBME). Finally, the multi-objective optimization procedures are applied to achieve a relevant reduction in injuries. With the implementation of a pad with 42 mm thickness and with a reduction of 8.2% of the backseat plate thickness, is obtained a 41% reduction of the HIC but at the cost of an increase of 49% of the NBME index, though this design allows keeping all injury indices below moderate threshold value.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 215-233
Issue: 3
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1636318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1636318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:215-233
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emil Hovad
Author-X-Name-First: Emil
Author-X-Name-Last: Hovad
Author-Name: Camilla Thyregod
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Thyregod
Author-Name: Jesper Fink Andersen
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper Fink
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen
Author-Name: Christian Bøge Lyndgaard
Author-X-Name-First: Christian Bøge
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyndgaard
Author-Name: Max Peter Spooner
Author-X-Name-First: Max Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Spooner
Author-Name: André Filipe Da Silva Rodrigues
Author-X-Name-First: André Filipe Da Silva
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues
Author-Name: Bjarne Kjær Ersbøll
Author-X-Name-First: Bjarne Kjær
Author-X-Name-Last: Ersbøll
Title: The effect of driving direction on spatially aligned track recording car measurements in turnouts
Abstract:
To monitor rail track quality the track is measured by parameters from a track recording car. These parameters are often hard to interpret in a turnout due to the geometric complexity. A new data processing method is presented based on the track recording car parameters are all mathematically unified to one driving direction, which is straight and facing in a left-hand turnout. The unified recording car data are then spatially aligned using the cross-correlation function (CCF) to adjust for small spatial dislocations from the GPS location system. Each turnout has assigned a specific driving direction of the passing trains and the effect of the driving directions on the recording car parameter patterns are investigated with locally weighted regression. Distinct patterns are observed for each of the two directions. Manual gauge measurements are compared to the gauge parameter from the track recording car for the trailing direction versus the facing direction.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 234-248
Issue: 3
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1627920
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1627920
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:234-248
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiong Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiong
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Yafei Hou
Author-X-Name-First: Yafei
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou
Author-Name: Li Li
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Buffer time allocation according to train delay expectation at stations
Abstract:
Most of the existing methods that deal with the buffer time allocation (BTA) mainly consider the length of the section and the traffic density, but fail to consider the impact of the actual delay of trains. The integration of the actual delay effects into the BTA needs to be resolved. In this work, a delay time distribution model was established. Based on the delay distribution, a BTA model with weighted average delay expectation time as the objective function was constructed and solved by a mathematical analysis method. Different allocation models were designed for different ranges of the total buffer time values. Finally, validation results from the Dutch railway network show that the expected delay time in the segments is reduced by 12.57% after using the proposed method, compared to the original buffer time at the stations, which indicates that the BTA model is effective.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 249-263
Issue: 3
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1655805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1655805
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:249-263
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Constantine Tarawneh
Author-X-Name-First: Constantine
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarawneh
Author-Name: James Aranda
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Aranda
Author-Name: Veronica Hernandez
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica
Author-X-Name-Last: Hernandez
Author-Name: Stephen Crown
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Crown
Author-Name: Joseph Montalvo
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Montalvo
Title: An investigation into wayside hot-box detector efficacy and optimization
Abstract:
Wayside hot-box detectors (HBDs) are devices used to assess the health of railcar components including bearings, axles, and brakes by monitoring their temperatures. HBDs use infrared (IR) sensors to record the temperatures of railroad bearings. Bearings that trigger an alarm or exhibit warm trending are removed and sent for inspection. In many cases, no discernable defects were found in the flagged bearings. Motivated by this finding, an investigation was conducted which included performing a controlled field test as well as exhaustive laboratory testing utilizing an HBD simulator. Data acquired from field and laboratory testing was used to evaluate the accuracy and efficacy of wayside HBDs. The results suggest that the scanning location on the bearing cup significantly affects the temperature measurement. Different calibrations for the field- and laboratory-acquired data were also explored. An optimized calibration technique along with proper IR sensor alignment can markedly improve the accuracy of HBD measurements.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 264-284
Issue: 3
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1636721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1636721
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:264-284
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anand M. Gharad
Author-X-Name-First: Anand M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gharad
Author-Name: Ranjan S. Sonparote
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjan S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonparote
Title: Influence of soil-structure interaction on the dynamic response of continuous and integral bridge subjected to moving loads
Abstract:
In this paper, the effects of high-speed moving train loads over a non-prismatic continuous and integral bridge are investigated, in which the dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis is comprehensively considered. Initially, a complete-pile model and an equivalent spring model of the continuous bridge are analyzed and compared. Two complex cases of track loading for the complete-pile model Case-I (C-I): one train moving on the single track, and Case-II (C-II): two trains moving on both the tracks entering at same instant but in opposite direction), under the CRH3 train loading, are studied. The variations in dynamic responses of the bridge for these cases confirm the influence of soil-structure interaction. C-II represents higher vertical displacement and acceleration bridge response compared to the C-I for both, continuous and integral bridge. It is proposed to analyze a detailed 3D model under critical loading condition for acquiring an accurate vertical dynamic response of bridge structure.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 285-306
Issue: 3
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1632753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1632753
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:285-306
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Hickish
Author-X-Name-First: Bob
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickish
Author-Name: David I. Fletcher
Author-X-Name-First: David I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletcher
Author-Name: Robert F. Harrison
Author-X-Name-First: Robert F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison
Title: Investigating Bayesian Optimization for rail network optimization
Abstract:
Optimizing the operation of rail networks using simulations is an on-going task where heuristic methods such as Genetic Algorithms have been applied. However, these simulations are often expensive to compute and consequently, because the optimization methods require many (typically >104) repeat simulations, the computational cost of optimization is dominated by them. This paper examines Bayesian Optimization and benchmarks it against the Genetic Algorithm method. By applying both methods to test-tasks seeking to maximize passenger satisfaction by optimum resource allocation, it is experimentally determined that a Bayesian Optimization implementation finds ‘good’ solutions in an order of magnitude fewer simulations than a Genetic Algorithm. Similar improvement for real-world problems will allow the predictive power of detailed simulation models to be used for a wider range of network optimization tasks. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper documents the first application of Bayesian Optimization within the field of rail network optimization.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 307-323
Issue: 4
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1669500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1669500
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:4:p:307-323
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Patrick Connolly
Author-X-Name-First: David Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly
Author-Name: Kaitai Dong
Author-X-Name-First: Kaitai
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong
Author-Name: Pedro Alves Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves Costa
Author-Name: Paulo Soares
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Soares
Author-Name: Peter Keith Woodward
Author-X-Name-First: Peter Keith
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodward
Title: High speed railway ground dynamics: a multi-model analysis
Abstract:
High speed railway track and earthwork structures experience varied levels of displacement amplification depending upon train speed. Protecting against amplified track deflections is challenging due to the complexity of deep wave propagation within both the track and supporting soil structures. Therefore it is challenging to derive design guidelines that encompass the full range of influential variables. As a solution, this paper uses a novel multi-model framework where 4 complimentary modelling strategies are combined, and thus able to generate new insights into railway ground dynamics and ‘critical velocity’. The four types of model are: 1) analytical, 2) hybrid analytical-numerical, 3) 2.5D numerical, 4) 3D numerical. They are used to explore subgrade layering, track type, train type, soil non-linearity, shakedown and ground improvement. The findings provide new insights into railway track-ground geodynamics and are useful when considering the design or upgrade of railroad lines.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 324-346
Issue: 4
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1712267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1712267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:4:p:324-346
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Sysyn
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sysyn
Author-Name: U. Gerber
Author-X-Name-First: U.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerber
Author-Name: F. Kluge
Author-X-Name-First: F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kluge
Author-Name: O. Nabochenko
Author-X-Name-First: O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nabochenko
Author-Name: V. Kovalchuk
Author-X-Name-First: V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kovalchuk
Title: Turnout remaining useful life prognosis by means of on-board inertial measurements on operational trains
Abstract:
The paper deals with remaining useful life (RUL) prognosis of common crossings based on inertial measurements. Axle-box inertial measurements on operational trains could be a cheap alternative to conventional inspection means. The low correlation between maximal wheel acceleration and useful life of the crossing is considered and the reasons are analysed. A machine learning approach, including feature extraction, selection, fusion and degradation modelling, is then used to cope with the problem. More time domain and spectral features are extracted from measured vertical accelerations to provide a higher utilization of the available information. After removing redundant features, the data is fused using principal component analysis to obtain a condition indicator for common crossings. A data-driven prognostic methodology is proposed based on an iteratively updated exponential degradation model. The assessment of the prognosis quality is carried out depending on the crossing lifetime and the reached value of the condition indicator.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 347-369
Issue: 4
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1685918
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1685918
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:4:p:347-369
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Wehbi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Wehbi
Author-Name: Maria Gallou
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallou
Author-Name: Benjamin Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Towards trackbed design with asphalt underlayment using FWD-based numerical model
Abstract:
Ballasted track is the conventional type of track structure around the world. Although it has several benefits, it often requires notable maintenance to ensure adequate operation. The trackbed design plays a major role on the structural performance of the track, and consequently on its maintenance. Apart from slab track, which requires significant investments, alternative solutions such as the use of asphalt underlayment with ballasted tracks can lead to a satisfactory balance between investment and maintenance. This paper investigates the use of asphalt underlayment in trackbed using a numerical model of the falling weight deflectometer (FWD), for different subgrade moduli. This is to investigate the resulting dynamic sleeper support stiffness due to FWD loading to develop a design chart for trackbed with asphalt underlayment. The paper also illustrates the use of these design charts on theoretical design scenarios and carry out a comparison with other international practices.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 370-386
Issue: 4
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1655494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1655494
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:4:p:370-386
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Kraemer
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Kraemer
Author-Name: H. Friedmann
Author-X-Name-First: H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Friedmann
Author-Name: M. Richter
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Richter
Title: Vibration-based damage identification on the suspension of a railway waggon – Findings from snap-back experiments with transient excitation
Abstract:
This article deals with the damage detection at the suspension of a railway freight waggon and reveals that the measured accelerations change with the damage in a characteristic way. The authors show that the damage of the suspension is accompanied by a reduction in spring energy which causes a shift of the higher vibration modes in the measured signals. In this context, the paper did not intend to present new methodologies for damage identification. However, the simple findings from the experimental tests can be useful for the design of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems for railway vehicles. At the end, a simple SHM approach for a low number of sensors with practice-oriented positions at the waggon is proposed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 387-400
Issue: 4
Volume: 8
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1675190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1675190
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:8:y:2020:i:4:p:387-400
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arash Bakhtiary
Author-X-Name-First: Arash
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakhtiary
Author-Name: Jabbar Ali Zakeri
Author-X-Name-First: Jabbar Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Zakeri
Author-Name: Saeed Mohammadzadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Saeed
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadzadeh
Title: An opportunistic preventive maintenance policy for tamping scheduling of railway tracks
Abstract:
This paper proposes an opportunistic preventive maintenance policy to schedule tamping interventions aiming to minimize the total maintenance cost. In this policy, the goal is to obtain an opportunistic maintenance threshold (OMT) to decide when to perform preventive tamping operations on given railway segments to minimize total maintenance cost associated with tamping operations. A steady-state genetic algorithm was used to simultaneously find an OMT threshold and tamping scheduling. The proposed approach is tested on data collected from a ballasted railway track. The results show that by taking into consideration an OMT threshold, machine preparation cost can be reduced by about 46%. Moreover, by performing a sensitivity analysis of the tamping effectiveness, it is observed that the negative impact of inefficient tamping is greater than the positive impact of efficient tamping on the total maintenance cost and track quality in this case study.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-22
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1737256
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1737256
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:1:p:1-22
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amir Falamarzi
Author-X-Name-First: Amir
Author-X-Name-Last: Falamarzi
Author-Name: Sara Moridpour
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Moridpour
Author-Name: Majidreza Nazem
Author-X-Name-First: Majidreza
Author-X-Name-Last: Nazem
Title: A time-based track quality index: Melbourne tram case study
Abstract:
Track quality indices can be used as an indicator of rail condition concerning the risk of damage or failure. Previous studies have mainly focused on conventional rail track quality indices and light rail tracks have not been addressed properly. In order to fill this gap, this research aims to develop a track quality index which is usable for both conventional and tram rail tracks. In this research dataset of the Melbourne tram network is used. In this research, based on the statistical analysis, track geometry parameters which are statistically significant in the development of the proposed index for the Melbourne tram network are determined. For the evaluation, the predictability performance of the index proposed in this paper is compared with the three major indices in the literature. According to the results of the case study evaluation, the current values of the proposed index has reasonable correlations with its previous values.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 23-38
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2019.1703838
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2019.1703838
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:1:p:23-38
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sunarin Chanta
Author-X-Name-First: Sunarin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chanta
Author-Name: Ornurai Sangsawang
Author-X-Name-First: Ornurai
Author-X-Name-Last: Sangsawang
Title: Optimal railway station locations for high-speed trains based on partial coverage and passenger cost savings
Abstract:
Advances in high-speed railway technology directly affect industrial competitiveness and regional economies. In this study, the location and allocation problem of high-speed train stations is investigated using a two-stage optimization model. In the first stage, we select candidate station locations by considering partial coverage to maximize the demand under the limitation of the number of stations. In the second stage, we determine the optimal number of station locations to maximize the passenger transportation cost savings. The optimal solutions in the first stage are used as candidate stations in the second stage. Computational experiments are performed to test the proposed two-stage optimization model using a case study of the northern railway line in Thailand. The results provide decision-makers with useful information on the design and construction of high-speed railways.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 39-60
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1719372
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1719372
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:1:p:39-60
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dmytro Kozachenko
Author-X-Name-First: Dmytro
Author-X-Name-Last: Kozachenko
Author-Name: Volodymyr Bobrovskiy
Author-X-Name-First: Volodymyr
Author-X-Name-Last: Bobrovskiy
Author-Name: Bogdan Gera
Author-X-Name-First: Bogdan
Author-X-Name-Last: Gera
Author-Name: Ihor Skovron
Author-X-Name-First: Ihor
Author-X-Name-Last: Skovron
Author-Name: Alexandra Gorbova
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorbova
Title: An optimization method of the multi-group train formation at flat yards
Abstract:
Formation of multi-group trains is aimed at arranging their cars in a given order and is one of the mass operations performed at railway. In this regard, the reduction of the duration of shunting operations for the formation of multi-group trains is an urgent task for railway transport. In this paper, for a discrete deterministic-controlled system that simulates the operation of the flat yard, a mathematical statement of the problem of choosing the optimal order of multi-group train formation is obtained. The set of possible states of the system under study and the transitions between them are presented in the form of directed graph, which made it possible to reduce the problem of choosing the order of train formation to the problem of searching the shortest paths on the graph. An algorithm of searching the optimal order of train formation is proposed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 61-78
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1732235
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1732235
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:1:p:61-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yang Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Yang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Wei Li
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jie Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jie
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Hao Pu
Author-X-Name-First: Hao
Author-X-Name-Last: Pu
Author-Name: Zhiliang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Haiou Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Haiou
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Quan Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Quan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Title: A 3D digital modelling method for railway station subgrade based on generalized hexahedron
Abstract:
This study aims to propose an efficient modelling method for railway station subgrade based on cross-sectional data. A modelling principle is firstly established to determine the connection relationships between the adjacent cross sections with large differences. And the connected areas between adjacent cross sections are constructed into a solid model based on the method of ‘Generalized Hexahedron’. In addition, the dissection algorithm for the solid model with multi-level topology is studied, realizing the fast cross-section extraction at an arbitrary position. The proposed method is adopted to build a 3D digital subgrade model in a real case study of Ganquan North Station. The results show that the proposed method can realize the efficient modelling and analysis of the digital subgrade model.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 79-99
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1715853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1715853
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:1:p:79-99
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tao Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Shoune Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Shoune
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Cheng Lei
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Lei
Author-Name: Xiaorui Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaorui
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jingke Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jingke
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Bing Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Bing
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Guangwu Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Guangwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Yuru Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yuru
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Rail vehicle crashworthiness based on collision energy management: an overview
Abstract:
This paper summarizes the research on passive safety of rail vehicles from the perspective of Crash Energy Management (CEM) in recent decades, which covers the analysis of main crashworthiness standards, as well as the latest research progress in theoretical methods, numerical simulation, and experimental technology of rail vehicles crashworthiness. According to the research status of each subject, some weak links and potential research suggestions are pointed out, such as the requirements of CEM in standards, the influence mechanism of the coupler under different collision speeds, structural compatibility and standardization of anti-climbers, the establishment of vehicle structure crashworthiness design method in design-simulation-test closed-loop system, etc. In the future, under the support of mature CEM theory, more detailed and reliable numerical simulation models, more comprehensive vehicle crash test data, and higher computer computing efficiency, the passive safety of rail vehicles will be guaranteed to the maximum extent.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 101-131
Issue: 2
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1777908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1777908
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:101-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Nåvik
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nåvik
Author-Name: Stefano Derosa
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Derosa
Author-Name: Anders Rønnquist
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Rønnquist
Title: On the use of experimental modal analysis for system identification of a railway pantograph
Abstract:
This study investigates the use of experimental modal analysis to identify the modal properties of a railway pantograph system, including component behaviour within the system, for an extended frequency range in three main directions. A pantograph was mounted in a laboratory with multiple accelerometers attached and excited at the collector strip by an actuator with a sine sweep method ranging between 0 and 200 Hz. A major portion of the numerical investigations into pantograph-catenary interactions have a frequency focus below 20 Hz. The results show that this method is well suited for system identification of the pantograph, highlighting the wide range of system and component frequencies to be considered when building a numeric model. The test results for the particular pantograph used in the experiment revealed important frequencies higher than the 20 Hz limit, at 22 Hz, 39 Hz and 62 Hz.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 132-143
Issue: 2
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1786743
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1786743
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:132-143
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramin Heidary
Author-X-Name-First: Ramin
Author-X-Name-Last: Heidary
Author-Name: Morteza Esmaeili
Author-X-Name-First: Morteza
Author-X-Name-Last: Esmaeili
Author-Name: Morteza Gharouni Nik
Author-X-Name-First: Morteza
Author-X-Name-Last: Gharouni Nik
Title: Effects of train operational parameters on ground-borne vibrations induced by twin metro tunnels
Abstract:
Many underground railway lines consist of twin tunnels. The accurate prediction of ground-borne vibration levels is thus essential for this situation. This study investigates the train’s axle load and train's speed effect on the ground surface vibration response while two trains passed each other in the opposite direction in the twin subway tunnels. Firstly, a 3D finite element (FE) model of a twin circular tunnel in a homogeneous soil is developed and verified by the previous analytical studies. Then, sensitivity analyses are performed to assess the effect of train's speed and axle load on the ground surface response. The achieved results show that an increment of the train's speed in both tunnels causes increment PPV (Peak Particle Velocity) at the ground surface, but increasing the speed of one of the trains respect to the other one has a considerable influence on surface vibrations. The vibrations are increased about 2 dB and 3.5 dB by doubling the speed of both trains and one of the trains, respectively. Vibrations level at the ground surface is enhanced with increasing both trains axle load, but the ground surface vibrations are more sensitive to the difference between two trains axle load.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 144-156
Issue: 2
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1749901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1749901
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:144-156
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Min Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Min
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Yapeng Han
Author-X-Name-First: Yapeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Author-Name: Weihua Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Weihua
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Shihui Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Shihui
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Title: Optimal selection of the linear induction motor spacing for the medium-low speed maglev vehicle
Abstract:
Based on the one-dimensional field theory for linear induction motor (LIM), the analytical model of two adjacent series motors was built, then the relationships between spacing and traction, current, voltage, etc., were derived. The theoretical calculation results were directly verified by finite element simulation and indirectly verified by experiments. Eventually, the selection method for LIM spacing in medium-low speed maglev was proposed. The results show that the spacing affects the backward travelling wave of LIM1 (the first LIM) and the forward travelling wave of LIM2 (the second LIM), thus affects the traction of the motors; the variation range of LIM2 traction influenced by spacing can be as great as 1kN; a reasonable spacing can effectively improve the traction. The selection method of the spacing can provide technical guidance for the design of the medium-low speed maglev, and effectively improve the traction performance of the vehicles.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 157-185
Issue: 2
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1742209
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1742209
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:157-185
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Seriani
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Seriani
Author-Name: Rodrigo Fernández
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández
Author-Name: Constanza Oyanedel
Author-X-Name-First: Constanza
Author-X-Name-Last: Oyanedel
Title: The impact of gap dimensions on passengers boarding and alighting using different mobility aids at railway stations by laboratory experiments
Abstract:
The main objective of the research is to study the impact generated by the dimensions of the horizontal (distance between the train and the platform) and vertical (height between the train and the platform) gap on passengers who use different mobility aids. The aim is to find standard dimensions in the design of the platform train interface, allowing an accessible boarding and alighting process for users with disabilities or reduced mobility. The method is based on experiments performed in a controlled environment at the Human Dynamics Laboratory (LDH) in Universidad de los Andes (Chile), through a mock-up configured with representative characteristics of a train and its adjacent platform. Using cameras arranged on the ceiling, the boarding and alighting process was registered according to a new accessibility level. The results allow obtaining scenarios with a ‘desirable gap’, as well as scenarios with inaccessible gaps.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 186-202
Issue: 2
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1836685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1836685
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:186-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manish Pandey
Author-X-Name-First: Manish
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandey
Author-Name: Rommel G. Regis
Author-X-Name-First: Rommel G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Regis
Author-Name: Rituparna Datta
Author-X-Name-First: Rituparna
Author-X-Name-Last: Datta
Author-Name: Bishakh Bhattacharya
Author-X-Name-First: Bishakh
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharya
Title: Surrogate-assisted multi-objective optimization of the dynamic response of a freight wagon fitted with three-piece bogies
Abstract:
The multi-objective optimization problem of the dynamic response of a freight wagon fitted with three-piece bogies is a challenging task due to interdependencies between the decision variables, conflicts between the objective functions and computationally expensive rail vehicle dynamic simulations. In this article, a novel approach of multi-objective optimization of the dynamic performance of a freight wagon fitted with three-piece bogies is presented. Surrogate modelling using radial basis function (RBF) ensembles have been used to model the five objective functions representing the dynamic performance of the freight wagon. Elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) has been applied to optimize the objective functions formed using the surrogate models. Finally, to choose specific solutions from the identified Pareto fronts, the minimization of a weighted combination of the surrogate objective functions is solved for six combinations of weights. The weighted optimized solutions show significant improvements over the existing solution.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 290-309
Issue: 3
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1792808
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1792808
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:3:p:290-309
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Omar A. Abuobidalla
Author-X-Name-First: Omar A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abuobidalla
Author-Name: Mingyuan Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Mingyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Satyaveer S. Chauhan
Author-X-Name-First: Satyaveer S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chauhan
Title: Modelling and solving an integrated freight train scheduling and trip planning problem with hazardous materials
Abstract:
This paper investigates the routing and scheduling of rail freight of hazardous materials with train scheduling decisions considering risk-spreading function. We consider the problem of minimizing the weighted sum of the cost of serving the commodities plus risk-spreading function using well-defined measures, either the maximum population exposure, the difference between the maximum and minimum risk, or the mean absolute deviation of the risk while limiting the population exposure below the given risk thresholds. Non-linear-mixed integer programming models and heuristic method are proposed for preparing the shipment plans and determining the schedule of train services. Numerical examples are provided to study and analyse risk-spreading functions.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 256-289
Issue: 3
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1756475
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1756475
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:3:p:256-289
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Congratulation Text
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 203-203
Issue: 3
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1929354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1929354
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:3:p:203-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Neto
Author-X-Name-First: José
Author-X-Name-Last: Neto
Author-Name: Pedro Aires Montenegro
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Aires
Author-X-Name-Last: Montenegro
Author-Name: Cecília Vale
Author-X-Name-First: Cecília
Author-X-Name-Last: Vale
Author-Name: Rui Calçada
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Calçada
Title: Evaluation of the train running safety under crosswinds - a numerical study on the influence of the wind speed and orientation considering the normative Chinese Hat Model
Abstract:
In this paper, a numerical study regarding the influence of the wind speed and orientation on the train running safety against crosswinds is presented. The wind profiles are defined through the Chinese Hat Model taking into account multiple combinations of vehicle speed, wind speed and wind orientation, resulting in 180 dynamic analyses solved using an in-house developed software named Vehicle-Structure Interaction analysis (VSI). The running safety is evaluated by analysing three safety criteria based on factors related to the vehicle contact forces: the Nadal criterion, the Prud’Homme criterion and the Unloading criterion. Moreover, the behaviour of the vehicle undergoing different wind profiles is assessed throughout a 1400 m straight track section with real irregularities of one of the Portuguese Railway Line. The results reveal that both the wind speed and orientation have a preponderant impact on the vehicle running safety, contrary to the vehicle speed which influence is minor.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 204-231
Issue: 3
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1780965
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1780965
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:3:p:204-231
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miao Li
Author-X-Name-First: Miao
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Shihui Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Shihui
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Weihua Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Weihua
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Cheng Lei
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Lei
Author-Name: Tie Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tie
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Qibin Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Qibin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Xiulu Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiulu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Yapeng Han
Author-X-Name-First: Yapeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Title: Experimental study on dynamic performance of medium and low speed maglev train-track-bridge system
Abstract:
Train-track-bridge dynamic tests were conducted on the Shanghai Lingang Medium and Low Speed Maglev Test Line. A newly developed levitation bogie with mid-set air spring was used on the test train. The test results show that: the vertical and lateral first-order natural frequencies are 7.50 Hz and 6.00 Hz, respectively; vehicle speed has no significant effect on the vertical dynamic displacement of the bridge; within specific speed ranges, the acceleration of the test train-track-bridge system shows monotonic variation characteristics as vehicle speed changes; the lateral accelerations of the bridge, sleeper, and F-shaped rail are distributed in a wider dominant frequency band compared with the corresponding vertical accelerations; the dominant frequency bands of vibration acceleration of levitation bogie and car body are generally concentrated below 15 Hz; the vertical and lateral Sperling indexes of the test train are less than 2.5, indicating that the test train is superior in ride quality.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 232-255
Issue: 3
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1798294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1798294
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:3:p:232-255
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zewang Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Zewang
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Author-Name: Chun Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Chun
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: Mengling Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Mengling
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Modelling and parameter identification of friction coefficient for brake pair on urban rail vehicle
Abstract:
The uncertainty of friction coefficient brings error to braking control and force calculation on urban rail vehicle. A dynamic friction model using exponential function was developed. The undetermined parameters under different operating conditions were identified by using nonlinear least square method, based on the test data from a full-scale braking test rig. The coefficient $$\gamma $$γ reflects the decreasing rate of the friction coefficient with the increasing velocity. The parameter $$\alpha $$α relates to the asymptote of friction coefficient. The term $$\alpha + \beta $$α+β reflects the static friction coefficient. The estimated errors of the parameters are within 10−4-10−2. During the steady braking stage, the calculated curves are in good agreement with the measured ones, and their squared errors are within 10–5. The parameter $$\gamma $$γ under wet condition is bigger than that under dry condition, while $$\alpha $$α is smaller than that under dry condition. The term $$\alpha + \beta $$α+β is close to the measured static friction coefficient.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 368-379
Issue: 4
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1807422
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1807422
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:368-379
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dachuan Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Dachuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Yunguang Ye
Author-X-Name-First: Yunguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ye
Author-Name: Marco Gillwald
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillwald
Author-Name: Markus Hecht
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Hecht
Title: Designing a lightweight 1D convolutional neural network with Bayesian optimization for wheel flat detection using carbody accelerations
Abstract:
Many freight waggons in Europe have been recently equipped with embedded systems (ESs) for vehicle tracking. This provides opportunities to implement the real-time fault diagnosis algorithm on ESs without additional investment. In this paper, we design a 1D lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture, i.e. LightWFNet, guided by Bayesian Optimization for wheel flat (WF) detection. We tackle two main challenges. (1) Carbody acceleration has to be used for WF detection, where signal-to-noise ratio is much lower than at axle box level and thus the WF detection is much more difficult. (2) ESs have very limited computation power and energy supply. To verify the proposed LightWFNet, the field data measured on a tank waggon under operational condition are used. In comparison to the state-of-the-art lightweight CNNs, LightWFNet is validated for WF detection by using carbody accelerations with much lower computational costs.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 311-341
Issue: 4
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1795942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1795942
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:311-341
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lei Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Tao Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: Influence of track flexibility and spatial coherence of track irregularity on vehicle-slab track interaction: frequency-domain analysis
Abstract:
A straightforward and practical method of frequency-domain analysis is developed for coupled vehicle-track system. The influence of the track flexibility and spatial coherence of irregularities on frequency response of vehicle-track systems are systematically studied accounting for train velocity and irregularity wavelength. Calculations show that the track flexibility cannot be ignored to obtain an accurate response of wheels whereas the resonance frequencies of car body motions remain unchanged. The inclusion of track flexibility enables consideration of wave reflections in rail sections between different wheels. The excitations at different wheels due to irregularity have phase lags determined by the train velocity and distances between wheels. This spatial coherence is important to the system response. The influence of contact spring on the system frequency response is examined. It is found that the system response converges at a certain value of the contact stiffness and the track stiffness governs the wheel-rail interaction after then.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 342-367
Issue: 4
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1811170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1811170
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:342-367
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fatemeh Janatabadi
Author-X-Name-First: Fatemeh
Author-X-Name-Last: Janatabadi
Author-Name: Saeed Mohammadzadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Saeed
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadzadeh
Author-Name: Mehrdad Nouri
Author-X-Name-First: Mehrdad
Author-X-Name-Last: Nouri
Title: A robust complementary index for railway maintenance planning based on a probabilistic approach
Abstract:
A probabilistic Track Performance Index (TPI) is proposed for maintenance prioritization in the railways. TPI evaluates the safety condition in a segment by estimating the derailment probabilities on curves as the track condition representatives. Via Reliability analysing methods and considering track geometry and irregularities, vehicle characteristics, and speed, derailment probability for a segment of the track can be estimated as its TPI. For comparing the performance of different blocks, the higher the TPI, the more critical the safety situation. The method is illustrated through three case studies, and the comparisons between the TPI and deterministic Track Quality Index (TQI) indicate that the probabilistic TPI identifies curves with a high risk of failure that TQI fails to detect. The results indicate applying TQI solely is biased, and TPI can overcome this shortage. Hence, it is suggested that TPI should be used alongside TQI as a complement for more reliable maintenance planning.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 380-404
Issue: 4
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1805371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1805371
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:380-404
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Lind Östlund
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lind Östlund
Author-Name: A. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: M. Ülker-Kaustell
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ülker-Kaustell
Author-Name: J.-M. Battini
Author-X-Name-First: J.-M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Battini
Title: On the influence of shallow soil strata on the dynamic soil–structure interaction of simply supported high-speed railway bridges
Abstract:
The influence of dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) on simply supported railway bridges is investigated. Impedance functions are calculated considering shallow foundations in soil strata limited by bedrock. The impedance functions are coupled to bridge models, and the assembled soil–bridge systems are investigated addressing the modal properties. A parametric study is performed on a large set of soil–bridge systems. Finally, the response to train loading is analysed. The study shows that the effects of SSI are essentially different depending on whether radiation damping is active or not. Shorter bridges are often affected by radiation damping and the response due to train loading may be significantly reduced when SSI is considered. However, for longer bridges (>15 m) the effect of SSI is often small. Due to the stiffness reduction of the impedance, some bridges may even have a detrimental effect from SSI and a reduction of the traffic speed is obtained.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 405-423
Issue: 5
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1817804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1817804
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:5:p:405-423
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Pineda-Jaramillo
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pineda-Jaramillo
Author-Name: P. Martínez-Fernández
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Fernández
Author-Name: I. Villalba-Sanchis
Author-X-Name-First: I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Villalba-Sanchis
Author-Name: P. Salvador-Zuriaga
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvador-Zuriaga
Author-Name: R. Insa-Franco
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Insa-Franco
Title: Predicting the traction power of metropolitan railway lines using different machine learning models
Abstract:
Railways are an efficient transport mean with lower energy consumption and emissions in comparison to other transport means for freight and passengers, and yet there is a growing need to increase their efficiency. To achieve this, it is needed to accurately predict their energy consumption, a task which is traditionally carried out using deterministic models which rely on data measured through money- and time-consuming methods. Using four basic (and cheap to measure) features (train speed, acceleration, track slope and radius of curvature) from MetroValencia (Spain), we predicted the traction power using different machine learning models, obtaining that a random forest model outperforms other approaches in such task. The results show the possibility of using basic features to predict the traction power in a metropolitan railway line, and the chance of using this model as a tool to assess different strategies in order to increase the energy efficiency in these lines.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 461-478
Issue: 5
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1829513
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1829513
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:5:p:461-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Le Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Le
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Tian Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tian
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jiye Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiye
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Research on aerodynamic shape optimization of trains with different dimensional design variables
Abstract:
The traditional Kriging method is not efficient in handling high-dimensional optimization problems. In this paper, a neural network method is used as the surrogate model to optimize the aerodynamic performance of a simplified train. In order to study the mapping performance of the surrogate model, two sets of design variables are used. One is high-dimensional, the other is low-dimensional. The results indicate that the structure of the neural network should be changed according to the design variables. When the parameters are appropriate, the accuracy of the neural network exceeds the traditional Kriging method, especially in predicting lift force and in handling high-dimensional variables. In addition, making the train’s bottom surface arc-shaped can reduce the upward lift force when the train encounters crosswinds. Finally, the drag, lift, and side forces of the optimized model were reduced by 2.409%, 20.712%, and 5.368%, respectively.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 479-501
Issue: 5
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1817803
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1817803
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:5:p:479-501
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: You Zhan
Author-X-Name-First: You
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhan
Author-Name: Xianxing Dai
Author-X-Name-First: Xianxing
Author-X-Name-Last: Dai
Author-Name: Enhui Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Enhui
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Kelvin C.P. Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin C.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Convolutional neural network for detecting railway fastener defects using a developed 3D laser system
Abstract:
This study develops a three-dimensional (3D) Laser Railway Detection System for automated railway fastener defect detection on 3D ballastless track. The 3D laser imaging system overcomes the shortcomings of shadows and illumination variations, thereby providing 3D information of the ballastless track with high reproducibility and accuracy. RailNet, an efficient architecture based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), is proposed in this paper for detecting high-speed railway fastener defects on 3D ballastless track. RailNet consists of 10 layers and includes more than 120,000 parameters. RailNet is trained using 80,000 3D fastener images with 1-mm resolution and is then demonstrated to be successful at identifying damaged and missing fasteners. The testing results show that the system described in this paper can inspect the defective hook-shaped fasteners notably well. The proposed RailNet significantly outperforms the other approaches with a prediction accuracy of 100%, and the number of testing samples is 16,000.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 424-444
Issue: 5
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1825128
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1825128
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:5:p:424-444
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nattanon Luangboriboon
Author-X-Name-First: Nattanon
Author-X-Name-Last: Luangboriboon
Author-Name: Sebastian Seriani
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Seriani
Author-Name: Taku Fujiyama
Author-X-Name-First: Taku
Author-X-Name-Last: Fujiyama
Title: The influence of the density inside a train carriage on passenger boarding rate
Abstract:
Passenger alighting and boarding time is an important factor for crowded metros with high-frequency operations. Some operators leave the train doors open until the last passenger boards or passengers voluntarily stop boarding, while others regulate the boarding process. To evaluate whether it is effective to regulate the passenger while boarding or not, this research explores how the density inside the train would influence the passenger boarding rate by conducting a laboratory experiment. The results showed that the passenger boarding rate increased as the density increased, up to approximately 2.5–3.0 passengers/m2. Beyond that point, our results suggested that the boarding rate may have decreased, but the evidence was not conclusive. It is deduced that, under the experimented density (up to around 5 passengers/m2), the density does not have any apparent negative effects on the boarding rate, which implies that there is no strong evidence to recommend passenger boarding regulation.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 445-460
Issue: 5
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1846633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1846633
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:5:p:445-460
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ZhongCan Li
Author-X-Name-First: ZhongCan
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Chao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Rui Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Chuanlin Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Chuanlin
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Xi Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Xi
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Title: Near-term train delay prediction in the Dutch railways network
Abstract:
Due to the unsuitable train delay prediction methods currently used in the Netherlands, a more accurate delay prediction method is needed. In this work, based on the data provided by the 2018 RAS Problem Solving Competition: Train Delay Forecasting, a data-driven model is established to predict the delay 20 min later. By combining the current delay with the operating conditions, the influencing factors that may influence delay propagation are extracted after analysing the delay propagation mechanisms and train movement data structure. These factors are considered as model input features for random forest regression, via which a prediction model is established. It is found that the random forest model exhibits high prediction accuracy and fast callback in terms of the training model, and ANN, XGBOOST, GBDT, and statistical algorithms are applied as benchmark algorithms. Finally, to complete the study, the importances of different delay influencers are investigated, calculated, and discussed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 520-539
Issue: 6
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1843194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1843194
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:6:p:520-539
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Villot
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: Villot
Author-Name: Philippe Jean
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Jean
Author-Name: Catherine Guigou-Carter
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Guigou-Carter
Title: Does the sound radiation of ground significantly contribute to the sound emission of railway lines?
Abstract:
The sound radiated by the ground vibration generated by trains has been estimated by calculation in a case study and compared to the total sound measured on-site. A 2.5D ground numerical model, calibrated from on-site vibration measurements, has been used to estimate the ground vibration field, from which the ground-borne sound radiated has been estimated using the Rayleigh Integral Method. According to the calculations, the estimated ground-borne sound radiated is dominant at low frequencies (below 125 Hz) and otherwise rather negligible compared to the sound directly emitted by the train/track system. Moreover, a small parametric study performed using a 2D source (vehicle and tracks) model coupled to the same ground model shows that the ground-borne sound radiated is ground dependent. The ground should be taken into account as a separate sound source when dealing with railway sound and should be added to the other known sources (track and vehicle components).
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 564-578
Issue: 6
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1852449
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1852449
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:6:p:564-578
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guo Chuijiang
Author-X-Name-First: Guo
Author-X-Name-Last: Chuijiang
Title: Optimization model and algorithm for the placing-in and taking-out of wagons in railway stations with branch-shaped goods operating sites
Abstract:
This paper formulates an optimization model for the placing-in and taking-out of waggons in railway stations with branch-shaped goods operation sites, taking the minimization of locomotive running and waiting time for loading and unloading as the optimization objective with the following constraints: locomotive capability, required prioritization for transferring between operating sites, connecting time for each waggon group, and starting time of the shunting operation. A simulated annealing algorithm was regarded as the main framework to solve the optimization model. The model and algorithm were then verified using a sample case for the placing-in and taking-out of waggons in Wayuan railway station. The results indicate that the model is consistent with the scheme requirements, and the computation results and the efficiency of the algorithm were practical for railway operations. The model and algorithm provided in this paper are feasible and superior to existing models.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 579-594
Issue: 6
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1823254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1823254
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:6:p:579-594
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mahmoud Owais
Author-X-Name-First: Mahmoud
Author-X-Name-Last: Owais
Author-Name: Abdou S. Ahmed
Author-X-Name-First: Abdou S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed
Author-Name: Ghada S. Moussa
Author-X-Name-First: Ghada S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moussa
Author-Name: Ahmed A. Khalil
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalil
Title: Design scheme of multiple-subway lines for minimizing passengers transfers in mega-cities transit networks
Abstract:
The integration of subway and bus networks has become an effective solution to reduce the growing congestion. This study presents a practical scheme of multiple subway line design to obviate the difficulty of dealing with large-scale networks that always suffer from severe combinatorial problems. The new lines are aimed to increase the overall transit network efficiency. A mathematical formulation is derived to minimize passenger transfer number (PTN) among public transportation facilities. A real case network of Greater Cairo city is used to validate the presented methodology. An algorithm is designed to optimize the number of needed transfers between stations. The analysis includes a multi-subway evaluation of three categories to identify the optimal solution depending on PTN variance and direct trips percentage. After testing many solutions using the brute force technique, two subway lines are recommended with their station structure to increase the overall network connectivity by more than 70%.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 540-563
Issue: 6
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1846632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1846632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:6:p:540-563
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rostyslav Skrypnyk
Author-X-Name-First: Rostyslav
Author-X-Name-Last: Skrypnyk
Author-Name: Björn A. Pålsson
Author-X-Name-First: Björn A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pålsson
Author-Name: Jens C. O. Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Jens C. O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: Magnus Ekh
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekh
Title: On the influence of crossing angle on long-term rail damage evolution in railway crossings
Abstract:
The rails in railway crossings are subjected to severe load environment leading to degradation of running surface due to wear and accumulated plastic deformation. To compare long-term degradation of three fixed crossings with different crossing angles, nominally designated 1:12, 1:15, and 1:18.5, a multidisciplinary simulation methodology is applied to predict damage of the crossing rail. For a given traffic scenario, including up to 65 MGT of facing move passenger traffic in through route, the results show that damage increases with increasing crossing angle. The ratio between the maximum damage for the crossings with the largest and smallest crossing angles is found to be about three in terms of wear and about two for plastic deformation. Initially high rate of plastic deformation reduces significantly after the first 2–5 MGT, and after 10–30 MGT it approaches a nearly constant value that is significantly lower than the wear rate.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 503-519
Issue: 6
Volume: 9
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1864794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1864794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:9:y:2021:i:6:p:503-519
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hamid Khajehei
Author-X-Name-First: Hamid
Author-X-Name-Last: Khajehei
Author-Name: Alireza Ahmadi
Author-X-Name-First: Alireza
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmadi
Author-Name: Iman Soleimanmeigouni
Author-X-Name-First: Iman
Author-X-Name-Last: Soleimanmeigouni
Author-Name: Mohammad Haddadzade
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Haddadzade
Author-Name: Arne Nissen
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Nissen
Author-Name: Mohammad Javad Latifi Jebelli
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Javad
Author-X-Name-Last: Latifi Jebelli
Title: Prediction of track geometry degradation using artificial neural network: a case study
Abstract:
The aim of this study has been to predict the track geometry degradation rate using artificial neural network. Tack geometry measurements, asset information, and maintenance history for five line sections from the Swedish railway network were collected, processed, and prepared to develop the ANN model. The information of track was taken into account and different features of track sections were considered as model input variables. In addition, Garson method was applied to explore the relative importance of the variables affecting geometry degradation rate. By analysing the performance of the model, we found out that the ANN has an acceptable capability in explaining the variability of degradation rates in different locations of the track. In addition, it is found that the maintenance history, the degradation level after tamping, and the frequency of trains passing along the track have the strongest contributions among the considered set of features in prediction of degradation rate.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 24-43
Issue: 1
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1875065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1875065
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:24-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thanh Trung Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Thanh Trung
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Buddhima Indraratna
Author-X-Name-First: Buddhima
Author-X-Name-Last: Indraratna
Title: Rail track degradation under mud pumping evaluated through site and laboratory investigations
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of field and laboratory studies of slurry tracks along the South Coast rail line in NSW, Australia. Site investigations on fouled tracks were followed by a series of laboratory tests to determine the properties of mud fines, and how they can reduce track performance. This study reveals two distinctly different ways of forming slurry tracks, i.e., non-subgrade and subgrade mud pumping, resulting in different characteristics of degraded tracks. More cohesive the fouling materials are, the greater the reduction in hydraulic conductivity (kb) and shear strength (Sb) of the contaminated ballast. When the fouling index FI > 30%, kb drops severely, causing insufficient drainage capacity of the track while the loss of Sb can exceed 22%. Different types of fouling index are also discussed with reference to the field and laboratory data, followed by proposed empirical equations to estimate the values of kb and Sb.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 44-71
Issue: 1
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1878947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1878947
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:44-71
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jens CO Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Jens CO
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: Thomas JS Abrahamsson
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas JS
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahamsson
Author-Name: Anders Ekberg
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekberg
Title: Probability of instant rail break induced by wheel–rail impact loading using field test data
Abstract:
The probability of an instant rail break, initiated at a single pre-existing rail foot crack due to a severe wheel impact loading, is predicted using statistical methods and a time-domain model for the simulation of dynamic vehicle–track interaction. A linear elastic fracture mechanics approach is employed to calculate the stress intensity at the crack in a continuously welded rail subjected to combined bending and temperature loading. Based on long-term field measurements in a wayside wheel load detector, a three-parameter probability distribution of the dynamic wheel load is determined. For a faster numerical assessment of the probability of failure, a thin plate spline regression is implemented to develop a meta-model of the performance function quantifying the stress intensity at the crack. The methodology is demonstrated by investigating the influence of initial crack length, fracture toughness and rail temperature difference on the risk for an instant rail break.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-23
Issue: 1
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1874552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1874552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:1-23
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yunlong Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Yunlong
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Lu Zong
Author-X-Name-First: Lu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zong
Author-Name: Valeri Markine
Author-X-Name-First: Valeri
Author-X-Name-Last: Markine
Author-Name: Xinyu Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xinyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Guoqing Jing
Author-X-Name-First: Guoqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Jing
Title: Experimental and numerical study on lateral and longitudinal resistance of ballasted track with nailed sleeper
Abstract:
Lateral and longitudinal resistance of ballasted track are two main indicators for the track stability quantification. Aiming at improving the lateral and longitudinal resistance, nailed sleeper is studied with single sleeper push tests (SSPTs) and discrete element modelling (DEM). The SSPTs were applied to study how much resistance the nailed sleeper can improve, considering different nail lengths (100, 200, 400 mm), and also used to calibrate and validate the DEM models. With the validated DEM models, different simulation conditions were performed and compared to confirm the optimal nail length (100, 200 mm) and nail number (2, 4). Results show that applying nailed sleepers improves the lateral resistance by 53.7% and the longitudinal resistance by 39.2%. 4 nails, compared to 2 nails, can increase lateral and longitudinal resistance by 20.2% and 10.6% (nail length: 100 mm) as well as 37.0% and 33.5% (nail length: 200 mm), respectively.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 114-132
Issue: 1
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1872424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1872424
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:114-132
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuqing Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yuqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Zaigang Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Zaigang
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Author-Name: Kaiyun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kaiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Dynamic investigation of traction motor bearing in a locomotive under excitation from track random geometry irregularity
Abstract:
Development of railway locomotive towards high-speed and high-power has a higher requirement on traction motor bearing under the intensified wheel–rail interactions since the dynamic performance of the motor bearing will directly threaten the operation safety of the locomotives. In this paper, a locomotive-track dynamics model with traction motors is established, where a detailed dynamics model of the motor bearing is included by considering comprehensively the dynamic interactions among the major components. Besides, the complicated external and internal excitations, such as the track random geometry irregularity, the time-varying mesh stiffness, the nonlinear contact stiffness between the components of the bearing, and the variable friction coefficient are fully considered. Then, the established dynamics model is validated by comparing it with field test results. The results indicate that intensified wheel–rail interaction will deteriorate the bearing working conditions apparently, which may supply certain guidance for the design of traction motor bearings in a locomotive.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 72-94
Issue: 1
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2020.1867658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2020.1867658
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:72-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Abul Kalam Azad
Author-X-Name-First: Abul Kalam
Author-X-Name-Last: Azad
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Title: Identify severe track geometry defect combinations for maintenance planning
Abstract:
Combined track defects (multiple types of track defects occurring in the same vicinity of a track section) pose greater challenges and risks for train operational safety. This study proposed a method to identify severe track defect combinations that pose greater risks for vehicle derailments. The method includes three main stages. The first stage uses literature review, industry survey, and Track Recording Car data analysis to determine track defect combinations that exist in reality and are of interest to the infrastructure managers. The second stage uses single vehicle simulations to further fine-tune the focus and select the more severe combinations. The third stage uses comprehensive simulations to determine the increases of derailment risks due to combined track defects. More than 5,000 simulations were conducted in this study using supercomputers. A tabular tool was developed to help infrastructure managers to adjust maintenance reactions when track defects are found in combinations.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 95-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1871673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1871673
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:1:p:95-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peng Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Peng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Deng Qin
Author-X-Name-First: Deng
Author-X-Name-Last: Qin
Author-Name: Jiye Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiye
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Tian Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tian
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Aerodynamic characteristics of the evacuated tube maglev train considering the suspension gap
Abstract:
In recent years, the evacuated tube maglev train (ETMT) has gradually become the research hotspot due to the increasing demand of the travelling speed. The suspension gap related to running safety is one of the critical factors of the maglev-type selection. The aerodynamic characteristics of ETMT are therefore studied under different suspension gaps. In this study, the 3-D motion processes of ETMT under the different suspension gaps are reproduced by the dynamic mesh method. The reliability of the numerical algorithm has been verified by the classical experimental data. The results show that the suspension gap mainly affects the pressure and temperature distributions at the ETMT bottom. The gap increase contributes to increasing the drag and lift of TC and decreasing the HC drag. The gap decrease is helpful to shorten the formation time of the normal shock wave and enhance the ‘ground effect’ and shock effect on the ground.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 195-215
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1885514
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1885514
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:195-215
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yafeng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yafeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Wuming Leng
Author-X-Name-First: Wuming
Author-X-Name-Last: Leng
Author-Name: Rusong Nie
Author-X-Name-First: Rusong
Author-X-Name-Last: Nie
Author-Name: Yipeng Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Yipeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Junli Dong
Author-X-Name-First: Junli
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong
Author-Name: Longhu Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Longhu
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Title: Laboratory full-scale model test of subgrade mud pumping for ballastless track of high-speed railway
Abstract:
This paper aims to clarify the mechanisms and driving factors of subgrade mud pumping for ballastless track in high-speed railway. A full-scale model test system in which the train dynamic loading and rainfall condition could be simulated was developed, allowing the recurrence of subgrade mud pumping. The relationship between the degree of mud pumping and the hydrodynamic pressure characteristics of subgrade was investigated, and the mechanisms and driving factors of mud pumping were also clarified. It was shown that the subgrade surface layer under the cracked concrete base was always saturated under the condition of rainwater infiltration, and it was prone to mud pumping given a long-term action of the dynamic loading of trains. A significant increase in excess pore water pressure to a certain extent mobilized the mud pumping. Accordingly, the prevention and treatment of mud pumping can be the prevention of rainwater infiltration or more efficient drainage.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 230-256
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1899858
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1899858
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:230-256
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esteban Bernal
Author-X-Name-First: Esteban
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernal
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Title: Wheel flat analogue fault detector verification study under dynamic testing conditions using a scaled bogie test rig
Abstract:
Advanced health monitoring of unpowered heavy haul and general freight railway wagons is still an emerging field, limited by the lack of electrical power on-board the vehicles and the cost of instrumenting massive fleets. This paper presents a dynamic verification of an on-board wheel flat detection technique that, using analogue signal processing, reduces the power consumption and hardware costs of condition monitoring sensor nodes. A 1:4 scale bogie test rig was used to record bearing adapter acceleration signals of healthy and defective wheelsets. The data were then used to verify the wheel flat detection technique, which effectively distinguished between healthy and defective acceleration signals, using analogue computing only, without the need for software or a complex algorithm and corresponding hardware. This technique is promising for further development of low-cost and ultra-low power sensor nodes systems that require numerous sensor nodes, such as heavy haul and general freight railway applications.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 177-194
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1889407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1889407
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:177-194
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zewang Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Zewang
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Author-Name: Chun Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Chun
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: Mengling Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Mengling
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Guozhuang Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Guozhuang
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: A modified uniformly distributed heat source method for predicting braking temperature of railway brake disc
Abstract:
The current numerical method can only obtain the average temperature of the railway brake disc, which greatly reduces the predicting accuracy. Based on the uniformly distributed heat source method (UDHS Method), a more accurate and efficient method was proposed to predict the braking temperature by using a cosine function. This numerical method is valid as its results are in good agreement with the measurements from the full-scale rig test. After modification, the errors of the predicted maximum temperature are decreased from 5.73–6.72% to 3.47–5.07% at 40–100 km/h, and the temperature curves oscillate with a cosine form whose frequency is perfectly match with the curves from the thermal mechanical coupling method (TMC Method). The computational time of TMC Method is 74.19–665.61 times as much as that of UDHS Method, while the ratio of the modified method is reduced to 2.76–12.95 times.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 216-229
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1882890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1882890
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:216-229
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ohis Ilalokhoin
Author-X-Name-First: Ohis
Author-X-Name-Last: Ilalokhoin
Author-Name: Raghav Pant
Author-X-Name-First: Raghav
Author-X-Name-Last: Pant
Author-Name: Jim W. Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Jim W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Title: A multi-track rail model for estimating journey impacts from extreme weather events: a case study of Great Britain’s rail network
Abstract:
Models that have been developed for analysis of the impacts of failure in railway networks have tended to make simplifying assumptions about train paths and delays and have not always accounted for the existence of multiple tracks on a route. In a step towards a more realistic, yet computationally tractable analysis of the disruption of rail services, we present a multi-track rail model that simulates train journeys based on actual pathways and realistic routing decisions and allows for estimation of train delays, disruptions to passengers’ journeys and spatial propagation of disruptions through the rail network. We use this model to analyse examples of weather-related disruptions on Great Britain’s railway. Our model predicts delays with an average error of 7–8% for the windstorm and flood case studies considered. This new model should therefore enhance risk analysis for large rail networks, enabling the prioritization of interventions that could enhance network resilience.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 133-158
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1891582
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1891582
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:133-158
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiangwang Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangwang
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Yuan Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Author-Name: Longjiang Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Longjiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Author-Name: Xiaoxia Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoxia
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Multi-objective optimization of high-speed train suspension parameters for improving hunting stability
Abstract:
Excellent hunting stability is required for the operation of high-speed trains. The suspension parameter design needs to avoid primary and secondary hunting instability for the low and high wheel–rail contact conicity, respectively, as well as to enhance the robustness of hunting stability in face of the variations in wheel–rail contact parameters. In this paper, the indices of low equivalent conicity stability, high conicity stability, and equivalent conicity robustness are defined and chosen as the optimization objectives for the optimal design of key suspension parameters. The multi-objective optimization method is used, and the obtained Pareto set can guide the matching laws of suspension parameters. Four groups of typical parameter sets are selected, and their stability characteristics, such as speed robustness and equivalent conicity robustness, are analysed in detail, followed by the selection of equivalent conicity and motor flexible suspension parameters. Two parameter design modes for the hunting stability can be reflected.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 159-176
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1904444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1904444
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:159-176
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Longlong Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Longlong
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Zhekan Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Zhekan
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: Yuexiao Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Yuexiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Weitao Ye
Author-X-Name-First: Weitao
Author-X-Name-Last: Ye
Author-Name: Shunhua Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Shunhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Title: The variation of load diffusion and ballast bed deformation with loading condition: an experiment study
Abstract:
Ballast bed deformation is significantly influenced by its internal stress state. However, investigations concerning ballast bed deformation focus mainly on the deformation behaviour under various external loading conditions or ballast states, where the influence of load diffusion variation has rarely been considered directly. In this work, a full-scale model test was established to obtain simultaneously the external deformation and the internal stress of ballast bed, with respect to various loading conditions (equivalent axle load 14–30 t, 3–6 Hz). The results show that both average stress and stress ratio on ballast increase with loading magnitude. Meanwhile, a larger proportion of vertical load concentrates within the sleeper projection area. Accordingly, the plastic (elastic) deformation is more (less) sensitive to the load variation at larger wheel–rail load. Besides, the dynamic stiffness increases gradually with loading amplitude while showing a small drop as loading frequency increases.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 257-273
Issue: 2
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1897958
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1897958
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:257-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michele Maglio
Author-X-Name-First: Michele
Author-X-Name-Last: Maglio
Author-Name: Tore Vernersson
Author-X-Name-First: Tore
Author-X-Name-Last: Vernersson
Author-Name: Jens C O Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Jens C O
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: Astrid Pieringer
Author-X-Name-First: Astrid
Author-X-Name-Last: Pieringer
Author-Name: Pär Söderström
Author-X-Name-First: Pär
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderström
Author-Name: Daniele Regazzi
Author-X-Name-First: Daniele
Author-X-Name-Last: Regazzi
Author-Name: Steven Cervello
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Cervello
Title: Railway wheel tread damage and axle bending stress – Instrumented wheelset measurements and numerical simulations
Abstract:
A combination of instrumented wheelset measurements and numerical simulations of axle bending stresses is used to investigate the consequences of evolving rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage on a passenger train wheelset. In a field test campaign, stresses have been monitored using a wheelset with four strain gauges mounted on the axle, while the evolution of wheel tread damage (out-of-roundness) has been measured on regular occasions. The strain signals are post-processed in real time and stress variations are computed. Based on a convolution integral approach, the measured wheel out-of-roundness has been used as input to numerical simulations of vertical dynamic wheelset–track interaction and axle stresses. Simulated and measured axle stresses are compared for cases involving combinations of low or high levels of rail roughness and the measured levels of RCF damage. The study enhances the understanding of how wheel tread damage and track quality influence axle stress amplitudes.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 275-297
Issue: 3
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1932621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1932621
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:3:p:275-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Ramos
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramos
Author-Name: A. Gomes Correia
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gomes Correia
Author-Name: R. Calçada
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Calçada
Author-Name: P. Alves Costa
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves Costa
Title: Stress and permanent deformation amplification factors in subgrade induced by dynamic mechanisms in track structures
Abstract:
In this paper, the performance of different railway structures – ballasted and two types of slab tracks (Rheda system and a ballastless track only constituted by the concrete slab) – is evaluated in terms of stresses and permanent deformations through the selection of some important parameters: wavelength of the unevenness profile, train’s speed, subgrade’s characteristics and spatial variability of the track unevenness profile. The elastodynamic response of 60 case studies is computed through a 2.5D model FEM-PML and the long-term behaviour is assessed by the implementation of a permanent deformation model. The obtained results are analysed through innovative stress and permanent deformation amplification factors in the subgrade layer. This study concludes that the train’s speed and the mechanical properties of the subgrade are the factors that most affect the long-term performance of the subgrade of railway structures, which must be considered for further optimization of the rail track structures.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 298-330
Issue: 3
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1922317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1922317
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:3:p:298-330
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Senrong Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Senrong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jun Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Jun
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Shengyang Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Shengyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Zhaoling Han
Author-X-Name-First: Zhaoling
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Author-Name: Guotang Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Guotang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Title: Random dynamic analysis on a high-speed train moving over a long-span cable-stayed bridge
Abstract:
This paper presents random dynamic analysis on a high-speed train moving over a long-span cable-stayed bridge. In the study, the train, slab track, and bridge are regarded as an integrated system, each vehicle is modelled as a four-wheelset mass-spring-damper system with 10 degrees of freedom (DOFs), and the rail and track slabs are modelled as Euler-Bernoulli beams supported by spring-damper elements. The long-span cable-stayed bridge model is established by the ANSYS software, based on which its frequencies and mode shapes are exported and implemented into the dynamics programme executed in the MATLAB platform. The train and substructures are coupled via nonlinear wheel–rail interaction and the large-scale dynamics model is solved by means of a fast explicit integration algorithm. Several numerical examples are performed involving modal convergence study, the effect of train speeds on system dynamic responses and stochastic analysis based on the probability density evolution method.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 331-351
Issue: 3
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1938262
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1938262
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:3:p:331-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lu Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Lu
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Zhen Lou
Author-X-Name-First: Zhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Lou
Author-Name: Tian Li
Author-X-Name-First: Tian
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jiye Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiye
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Numerical study of dry snow accretion characteristics on the bogie surfaces of a high-speed train based on the snow deposition model
Abstract:
To investigate the distribution of dry snow particles deposited on the bogie surfaces of a high-speed train, a snow particle deposition model based on the critical capture velocity and the critical wind friction speed was established. The suspension motion behaviour of snow particles in the air was simulated by the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (uRANS) simulations, based on the Realizable k–ε turbulence model and the Discrete Phase Model (DPM). The results show that the crossbeam of the bogie frame, the anti-snake movement dampers, the middle brake shoes of the rear brake rigging, the traction rods and the anti-rolling torsion bars are prone to accumulating snow. Furthermore, the critical capture velocity has a significant effect on the distribution of snow accretion. When the critical capture velocity is changed from 1.0 m/s to 3.0 m/s, the total snow accumulation on the bogie will increases by 20%.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 393-411
Issue: 3
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1918589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1918589
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:3:p:393-411
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuexin Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Yuexin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Chao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Predicting the effectiveness of supplement time on delay recoveries: a support vector regression approach
Abstract:
Investigating the effectiveness of supplement time is a critical method for dispatchers to understand the delay recovery capacity of railway sections and stations, thus improving real-time dispatching efficiency. Based on train operation data of the high-speed railway in China, a support vector regression (SVR) algorithm was employed to investigate the effectiveness of supplement times in railway sections and stations. First, the independent factors were determined, and the hyper-parameters of the SVR model were tuned with the operation data. Then, the performance of the predictive model was tested on the testing dataset. The results show that the predicted delay recovery cases of the model coincide highly with the actual cases. Additionally, the predictive performance of the model under allowable errors illustrates that the accuracy of the model can reach 95.96%, with a 1-minute allowable error. Finally, comparison analyses show that the proposed model outperforms other widely-used delay recovery models.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 375-392
Issue: 3
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1937355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1937355
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:3:p:375-392
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Di Graziano
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Graziano
Author-Name: V. Marchetta
Author-X-Name-First: V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchetta
Author-Name: J. Grande
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grande
Author-Name: S. Fiore
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiore
Title: Application of a decision support tool for the risk management of a metro system
Abstract:
Risk Management assumed over years a central role of safe management of metro railway operation. Since exposure of passengers to hazards cannot be avoided, risk cannot be cancelled but controlled and brought back to acceptable levels. The quantification of system risk level and of the effects of any decision on infrastructural or operational changes must be carefully evaluated. A methodology for in-depth risk analysis within a risk-based decision management is crucial not only to identify the risk, but especially to assess and manage it. This work introduces a complete Risk Management methodology which quantitatively analyses the causes and consequences, assessing all the influence factors of metro safety. Using as example the derailment risk level, an application to an operating metro is presented assessing the effects in terms of safety risk of three different management decisions and highlighting the impact that those choices have on safety.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 352-374
Issue: 3
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1906341
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1906341
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:3:p:352-374
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Tell
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Tell
Author-Name: Andreas Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: Amirali Najafi
Author-X-Name-First: Amirali
Author-X-Name-Last: Najafi
Author-Name: Bill F. Spencer
Author-X-Name-First: Bill F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer
Author-Name: Raid Karoumi
Author-X-Name-First: Raid
Author-X-Name-Last: Karoumi
Title: Real-time hybrid testing for efficiency assessment of magnetorheological dampers to mitigate train-induced vibrations in bridges
Abstract:
The dynamic response of railway bridges is important to consider, as the high velocity loading from the trains increases the risk of resonance. Increasing train speeds and loads result in a need for adaptable properties for railway bridges. One solution is to install magnetorheological dampers, as the response of the structure originating from moving loads could be controlled by alternating the input current to the damper. However, the complexity of such devices results in difficulties to accurately model their behaviour. From this context, real-time hybrid simulations, consisting of a numerical bridge model and a full-scale physical magnetorheological damper in a test frame, are presented in this paper. The novelty of the present paper is the application of RTHS in railway bridge engineering and the substructure combination with magnetorheological dampers. The results from the real-time hybrid simulations show that the bridge deck responses can be reduced to permissible levels.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 436-455
Issue: 4
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1954560
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1954560
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:4:p:436-455
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hag-Lae Rho
Author-X-Name-First: Hag-Lae
Author-X-Name-Last: Rho
Author-Name: Hwan Yong Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Hwan Yong
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: Planning for a sustainable regional mobility: Hypertube Express (HTX) for Korean case
Abstract:
After 14 years since its first implementation of high-speed rail, the Korean government decided to develop its own model for the Hyperloop in 2017. This study is part of the effort and designed to examine the overall HSR network of South Korea. Out of 38 variables, 5 were selected to conduct a modelling process for an Hypertube Express (HTX). Two HTX networks were drawn and compared based on anticipated construction costs, suitability scores, and detailed information. The ‘X’ network is intended to provide the maximum accessibility to regional population centres but the speed would be slower due to its short distance between stations. On the other hands, the ‘O’ network gives less accessibility to a major city but designed to enjoy the maximum speed of an HTX as the route is the longest. The ‘X’ network will cost about $1,451 million less than the ‘O’ network for its initial construction.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 497-515
Issue: 4
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1943022
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1943022
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:4:p:497-515
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trung Ngo
Author-X-Name-First: Trung
Author-X-Name-Last: Ngo
Author-Name: Buddhima Indraratna
Author-X-Name-First: Buddhima
Author-X-Name-Last: Indraratna
Author-Name: Fernanda Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: Fernanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Title: Influence of synthetic inclusions on the degradation and deformation of ballast under heavy-haul cyclic loading
Abstract:
This study investigates the benefits of artificial inclusions placed underneath the ballast layer. A series of large-scale cyclic triaxial tests were carried out on ballast with and without these inclusions under 25-tonne and 35-tonne axle loads and frequencies of f = 15 Hz and 25 Hz, using a Process Simulation Prismoidal Triaxial Apparatus. The laboratory results show that a geogrid installed between the ballast and capping layer decreases both deformation and degradation of the aggregates, which can be attributed to enhanced internal confinement and restricted particle movement. Laboratory tests also showed that placing a rubber mat underneath the ballast layer significantly reduced ballast breakage. A numerical model using the discrete element method (DEM) was developed and validated against the experimental observations. The DEM model was utilized to explore the contact forces that developed across the granular assemblies, and to study the interaction between aggregates and the synthetic inclusions from a particle-level perspective.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 413-435
Issue: 4
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1964390
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1964390
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:4:p:413-435
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Omar Bougacha
Author-X-Name-First: Omar
Author-X-Name-Last: Bougacha
Author-Name: Christophe Varnier
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Varnier
Author-Name: Noureddine Zerhouni
Author-X-Name-First: Noureddine
Author-X-Name-Last: Zerhouni
Title: Impact of decision horizon on post-prognostics maintenance and missions scheduling: a railways case study
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a study of the decision horizon duration for rolling stock mission assignment and maintenance planning in a prognostics and health management (PHM) context. The aim is to determine the best decision horizon duration that allows the construction of a suitable schedule that assigns railway vehicles to missions and integrates required maintenance operations according to the current and future health of the vehicles. A genetic algorithm is used to minimize the overall cost of the joint schedule as a function of the decision horizon. The results are compared to three proposed heuristics to study the influence of the resolution method on the decision horizon duration. The best decision horizon duration is given for each used method for an illustration case.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 516-546
Issue: 4
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1940329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1940329
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:4:p:516-546
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chengqian Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Chengqian
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Guifu Du
Author-X-Name-First: Guifu
Author-X-Name-Last: Du
Author-Name: Yawen Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Yawen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding
Author-Name: Weiguo Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Weiguo
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Jun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Mingdi Fan
Author-X-Name-First: Mingdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Fan
Author-Name: Zhongkui Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhongkui
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Title: Rail potential control with train diagram optimization in multitrain DC traction power system
Abstract:
Currently, abnormally elevated rail potential exists in the DC traction power system, which greatly threatens the safe operation of the line. In order to realize the reflux safety, timetable optimization of multitrain based on improved Seeker Optimization Algorithm (SOA) is proposed to suppress the rail potential of the system. Firstly, the simulation model of the system is built and the calculation process of rail potential is proposed. Secondly, an optimization model based on maximum rail potential is formulated, where the dwell time is the decision variable and is adjusted to change the regenerative power distribution of the system. Finally, the improved SOA is used to handle the optimization model. Compared with the maximum rail potential before optimization, the simulation results demonstrate that the maximum rail potential is reduced by 55.5% with the proposed method, which greatly improves the reflux safety of the multi-train subway system.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 476-496
Issue: 4
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1964391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1964391
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:4:p:476-496
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seunghoo Jeong
Author-X-Name-First: Seunghoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong
Author-Name: Hyunmin Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Hyunmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Sung Il Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Sung Il
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Kyoung-Chan Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Kyoung-Chan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Dynamic amplification assessment of high-speed railway bridge under resonance condition using multi-sensor fusion
Abstract:
HSR bridges are exposed to repetitive dynamic loading induced by the passage of high-speed trains (HSTs). Moving loads from HSTs can amplify the dynamic responses of bridges. The dynamic amplification factor (DAF) has been measured by the ratio between maximum dynamic to static responses of bridges when train passes over it. It is difficult to measure the static response during train operation. This study proposes a new framework to assess the DAF of HSR bridges using a multi-sensor fusion technique, which separates the total bridge response into the static and dynamic responses using a single measurement. The proposed method generates time-varying dynamic magnification by calculating the ratio of extracted dynamic response to static response at each measured time step. This method was applied to an HSR bridge under resonance conditions in South Korea and provides a clear understanding of how HSR bridges in resonance.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 456-475
Issue: 4
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1944827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1944827
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:4:p:456-475
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# input file: TJRT_A_2002736_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Mohamed Wehbi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Wehbi
Author-Name: Levente Nogy
Author-X-Name-First: Levente
Author-X-Name-Last: Nogy
Title: Development of a simplified design approach for shallow ballasted track forms with geocells reinforced sub-ballast
Abstract:
With increasing demands for higher axle loads and line speeds, designers are left with no choice but to significantly increase track bed design thickness to accommodate the new operating conditions. In recent years, the use of geosynthetic materials has become more common in railway construction to reduce construction depth. Geosynthetic materials such as geocells have shown promising potentials to achieve this. However, there is no universally agreed method to design track bed with geocells. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to quantify the reinforcing effect of geocells on the track bed via means of laboratory testing and then incorporate the findings with existing track bed design methods to propose a simplified approach to design track bed with geocells. The research is further supported by case studies from the UK railways and found that the use of geocells can significantly reduce track bed thickness, resulting in significant cost savings.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 631-654
Issue: 5
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2002736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2002736
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# input file: TJRT_A_1964392_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Tao Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Xinru Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Xinru
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Taimu Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Taimu
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Yunfang Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Yunfang
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Liang Ling
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ling
Author-Name: Kaiyun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kaiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Title: Dynamic derailment behaviour of urban tram subjected to lateral collision
Abstract:
The urban tram is theoretically likely to be laterally collided by the automobile during operation due to their shared right of roadway. The collision occurrence is fortuitous, but the consequence is commonly disastrous induced by the collision and subsequent derailment accidents. This article presents an investigation into the derailment performance of the tram when the automobile impacts laterally onto the tram flank. A comprehensive dynamic model to simulate derailment behaviours of the tram under this collision scenario is built, in which the complicated contact relation of wheel/rail system is treated. The contribution of several affecting factorsto the derailment response is reported. It is shown that the guardrails of the grooved rail track play a key role in preventing the tram derailments due to low-speed collision. The violent lateral and rolling motions of the tram body caused by the great lateral impact is the root cause of the derailments.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 581-605
Issue: 5
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1964392
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1964392
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# input file: TJRT_A_1992802_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Lale Özbakır
Author-X-Name-First: Lale
Author-X-Name-Last: Özbakır
Author-Name: Pınar Tapkan
Author-X-Name-First: Pınar
Author-X-Name-Last: Tapkan
Author-Name: Sinem Kulluk
Author-X-Name-First: Sinem
Author-X-Name-Last: Kulluk
Author-Name: Fatih Bahar
Author-X-Name-First: Fatih
Author-X-Name-Last: Bahar
Author-Name: Burak Gülmez
Author-X-Name-First: Burak
Author-X-Name-Last: Gülmez
Title: A modelling approach to the train timetabling problem using adaptive headways for dynamic passenger demand
Abstract:
Rail systems are preferred to find sustainable solutions to traffic problems in cities with high population density. To increase the use of public transport without reducing service quality, it is essential to construct a demand-based timetable. In this study, a mathematical model that meets the passenger demand in cases of over and under-saturation, considers structural-operational constraints, aims minimum energy consumption and machinist costs is presented. Passenger demands are forecasted using four popular techniques. In both over and under-saturated situations, it is possible to meet passenger demand by using adaptive headways and determining train specifications as coupled or decoupled. Moreover, a comfort coefficient is incorporated in the model to adjust the service quality of the trip. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed MILP model, Kayseri Ulasim A.S. timetabling problem is solved. The effect of different passenger demand levels, over and under-saturated cases, on headways and train types is analysed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 606-630
Issue: 5
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1992802
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1992802
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# input file: TJRT_A_1991849_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Longlong Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Longlong
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Yuexiao Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Yuexiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Zhekan Tian
Author-X-Name-First: Zhekan
Author-X-Name-Last: Tian
Author-Name: Shihao Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Shihao
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Shunhua Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Shunhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Title: Importance of examining particle movements in modelling ballast bed via discrete element method
Abstract:
The discrete element method is widely adopted to investigate the micro-mechanism of degradation and reinforcement of ballast tracks. Generally, numerical parameters of ballast particles are examined by macro characteristics obtained in field or indoor tests, while particle-scale responses are rarely examined due to the difficulties in practical measurement. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of examining particle movements in modelling ballast bed via discrete element method. A previous laboratory model test is repeated via Particle Flow Code, where 25 sets of damping coefficients are assigned. The results show that the variation of damping coefficients has more significant influence on particle movements than the macroscopic behaviours of ballast and ballast beds. According to the three-dimensional motion characteristics of ballast particles obtained using a SmartRock sensor, the appropriate local damping constant and critical contact damping ratio are suggested for typical loading frequencies.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 547-561
Issue: 5
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1991849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1991849
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# input file: TJRT_A_1978884_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Mostafa Bababeik
Author-X-Name-First: Mostafa
Author-X-Name-Last: Bababeik
Author-Name: Mohammad Farjadamin
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Farjadamin
Author-Name: Navid Khademi
Author-X-Name-First: Navid
Author-X-Name-Last: Khademi
Author-Name: Amir-Hossein Fani
Author-X-Name-First: Amir-Hossein
Author-X-Name-Last: Fani
Title: Simultaneous schedule of trains and track maintenance according to stochastic blockage time
Abstract:
Regarding the railway infrastructures, planning for track maintenance is a challenging task given the coordination required between train traffic and maintenance operations. In this paper, using stochastic mathematical programming, we have investigated the simultaneous scheduling of trains and operations for a single-track line to minimise both the travel time of trains and maintenance duration. The uncertainty in the blockage duration of the track is considered in the model to reduce the impact of unexpected delays in maintenance operations. The proposed model also considers the practical aspects, which have been less addressed in previous studies regarding track maintenance. We reformulated the stochastic problem as its deterministic equivalent to facilitate solutions for realistic sizes. The computational result obtained for a real-world track shows that the model can efficiently find simultaneous scheduling of trains and operations and suggest optimal blockage duration at different confidence levels. The impact of timetable comparison on the blockage duration for a heavily utilised line has also been evaluated.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 562-580
Issue: 5
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.1978884
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.1978884
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:5:p:562-580
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# input file: TJRT_A_2000897_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Jinhai Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jinhai
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jianwei Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Jianwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Yuzhu Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Yuzhu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Yongliang Bai
Author-X-Name-First: Yongliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Bai
Author-Name: Tieling Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Tieling
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Dechen Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Dechen
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Title: Ensemble decision approach with dislocated time–frequency representation and pre-trained CNN for fault diagnosis of railway vehicle gearboxes under variable conditions
Abstract:
Gearboxes are one of the essential components in the railway vehicle, and their fault diagnosis is critical to safe operation. Traditional deep learning is difficult to accurately identify the gear’s health status under variable conditions and small sample size. To tackle this problem, we propose an ensemble decision approach that combines the dislocated time–frequency representation and a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to evaluate the gear’s health status. The experimental results indicate that the continuous wavelet transform and the synchrosqueezed transform have better diagnostic performance than the time-domain signal and the short-time Fourier transform. Also, the dislocated operation helps the CNN learn the characteristics of continuous signals more profoundly and increases the sample size. Moreover, the ensemble decision can improve the accuracy and stability of diagnosis. Consequently, the proposed framework can effectively diagnose railway vehicle gearboxes and significantly enhance CNN’s robustness and generalization under a limited sample size.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 655-673
Issue: 5
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2000897
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2000897
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# input file: TJRT_A_2004463_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Xin Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xin
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Shuangchao Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Shuangchao
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Peng Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Peng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Liang Ling
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ling
Author-Name: Jizhong Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Jizhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Zefeng Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Zefeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Title: On the modelling of normal wheel-rail contact for high-frequency vehicle–track dynamics analyses
Abstract:
A transient wheel–rail rolling contact (RC) model and a vehicle–track coupled dynamics (CD) model are separately developed for a Hertzian contact in elasticity to calculate normal wheel–rail interactions at high frequencies. Short-wave irregularities with a wavelength of 20 ~ 400 mm are considered for a speed of 50 ~ 500 km/h. Results of 180 cases show that contact forces predicted by the CD model are significantly different from those by the RC model, suggesting that ignored or greatly simplified structural and wheel-rail flexibilities, transient effects, finite contact patch, etc. in the CD approach, play important roles in high-frequency interactions. Using the RC predictions as reference, a modified non-linear Hertzian spring is developed to improve the accuracy of the CD model. Such a modification provides references for determination of contact spring and contact filter effect at high frequencies, even though not applicable in a direct way.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 695-716
Issue: 6
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2004463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2004463
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:10:y:2022:i:6:p:695-716
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# input file: TJRT_A_2014996_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Quan Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Quan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zhiwei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jiliang Mo
Author-X-Name-First: Jiliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Mo
Author-Name: Liang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Liqing Du
Author-X-Name-First: Liqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Du
Author-Name: Qingbing Gou
Author-X-Name-First: Qingbing
Author-X-Name-Last: Gou
Title: Coupled dynamic behaviours of the brake system considering wheel–rail interactions
Abstract:
During vehicle operation, the brake system is influenced by wheel–rail interactions. To investigate the dynamic behaviours of the brake system, we propose a novel dynamic model of the brake system by considering the coupling effects between the disc–pad and the wheel–rail subsystems. Using the established model, the nonlinear coupled dynamic behaviours including wheel–rail adhesion characteristics, wheel–disc torsional vibrations and disc–pad stick–slip vibrations were comprehensively explored. The results showed that braking conditions remarkably influenced the longitudinal slip rate. The wheelset and brake units affect each other, and the wheels on one wheelset influence each other when they are asynchronous. The brake system is stable in the wheel–rail stick state, but becomes unstable in the wheel–rail stick–slip state or slip state. The limit cycle analysis showed that the brake pad stick–slip vibrations were easier to occur at a large slip rate.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 749-771
Issue: 6
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2014996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2014996
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# input file: TJRT_A_2002737_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Yanwen Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yanwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Bing Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Bing
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Benhuai Li
Author-X-Name-First: Benhuai
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Shou-ne Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Shou-ne
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Tao Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Guangwu Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Guangwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Ruixian Xiu
Author-X-Name-First: Ruixian
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiu
Title: Experimental and numerical investigation of the design strategy of new anticollision posts for a typical railway vehicle
Abstract:
The forward design strategy and method for anticollision posts are of great importance to improve the crashworthiness of newly built railway vehicles to protect the survival space for drivers and passengers. This paper investigates the forward design strategy and method for anticollision posts from four aspects of theoretical calculation, structural design, numerical simulation, and experimental validation. The results show that the proposed forward design strategy and method for railway vehicle anticollision posts are effective and feasible. The proposed new types of anticollision posts have good elastic-plastic performance and could meet the requirements of ASME RT-2-2014 standard. The agreement between the test and simulation is reasonably good and the accuracy of the FE models is verified. The relative errors are 1.23%, −2.98% and −14.85% for the peak compression force of the posts and 7.94%, 4.48% and 4.17% for the longitudinal residual displacements at mid height of the posts.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 772-799
Issue: 6
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2002737
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2002737
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# input file: TJRT_A_2004948_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Yuanjun Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Yuanjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Lizhong Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Lizhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Changqing Li
Author-X-Name-First: Changqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jing Li
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Ping Shao
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Shao
Author-Name: Weikun He
Author-X-Name-First: Weikun
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Lili Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Lili
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: A semi-online spatial wheel-rail contact detection method
Abstract:
Online spatial wheel-rail contact detection with elastic contact hypothesis has a heavy computational burden. The traditional end-to-end look-up table method can significantly improve search efficiency. However, It has high storage requirements. In this paper, a semi-online approach is proposed to alleviate the contradiction between the online and the offline method. First, a new algorithm of normal maximum penetration for unworn rail profiles is proposed. The algorithm is only required to calculate the closest proximity of the rail feature point to the wheel contact trace contact curve. Then, derived curves with different yaw angles are pre-stored in a new look-up table for online dynamics simulation usage. The proposed look-up table reduces the required generation time and the storage space. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed method can be used for train dynamics simulation under earthquakes. Besides, the search speed is much faster than that of the online method.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 730-748
Issue: 6
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2004948
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2004948
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# input file: TJRT_A_2021455_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Knut Andreas Meyer
Author-X-Name-First: Knut Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer
Author-Name: Daniel Gren
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gren
Author-Name: Johan Ahlström
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlström
Author-Name: Anders Ekberg
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekberg
Title: A method for in-field railhead crack detection using digital image correlation
Abstract:
Railway infrastructure managers must decide when and how to maintain rails. However, they often have insufficient information about railhead cracks. Therefore, we propose a new method for rail crack detection using a train-mounted digital image correlation (DIC) camera system. The measurement train’s weight cause rail bending, allowing the DIC to measure strain concentrations caused by surface-breaking cracks. In this study, we evaluate the method under laboratory conditions. The detected cracks correlate to the actual crack network in the analysed rail field sample. Furthermore, finite element simulations show the method’s high sensitivity to crack depths. Existing methods, such as ultra-sonic and eddy-current, produce damage severity indications. The proposed method complements these techniques by providing a discrete description of the surface-breaking cracks and their depth. This information enables infrastructure managers to optimize rail maintenance. Additionally, such detailed measurements can be valuable for research in railhead damage evolution.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 675-694
Issue: 6
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2021455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2021455
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# input file: TJRT_A_2021829_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sayed Mohammad Hosseini
Author-X-Name-First: Sayed Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Hosseini
Author-Name: Ahmad Radmehr
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmad
Author-X-Name-Last: Radmehr
Author-Name: Arash Hosseinian Ahangarnejad
Author-X-Name-First: Arash
Author-X-Name-Last: Hosseinian Ahangarnejad
Author-Name: Robert B. Gramacy
Author-X-Name-First: Robert B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gramacy
Author-Name: Mehdi Ahmadian
Author-X-Name-First: Mehdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmadian
Title: A statistical evaluation of multiple regression models for contact dynamics in rail vehicles using roller rig data
Abstract:
A statistical analysis of a large amount of data from experiments conducted on the Virginia Tech-Federal Railroad Administration (VT-FRA) roller rig under various field-emulated conditions is performed to develop multiple regression models for longitudinal and lateral tractions. The experiment-based models are intended to be an alternative to the classical wheel-rail contact models that have been available for decades. The VT-FRA roller rig data is used to develop parametric regression models that efficiently capture the relationship between traction and the combined effects of the influential variables. Single regression models for representing the individual effect of wheel load, creepage, and angle of attack on longitudinal and lateral traction were investigated by the authors in an earlier study. This study extends single regression models to multiple regression models and assesses the interaction among the variables using model selection approaches. The multiple-regression models are then compared with CONTACT, a well-known modelling tool for contact dynamics, in terms of prediction accuracy. The predictions made by both CONTACT and multiple regression models for longitudinal and lateral tractions are in close agreement with the measured data on the VT-FRA roller rig. The multiple regression model, however, offers an algebraic expression that can be solved far more efficiently than a simulation run in CONTACT for a new dynamic condition. The results of the study further indicate that the established multiple regression models are an effective means for studying the effect of multiple parameters such as wheel load, creepage, and angle of attack on longitudinal and lateral tractions. Such data-driven parametric models provide an essential analysis and engineering tool in contact dynamics, just as they have in many other areas of science and engineering.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 717-729
Issue: 6
Volume: 10
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2021829
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2021829
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# input file: TJRT_A_2006808_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Chongyi Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Chongyi
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: Wei Wei
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wei
Author-Name: Lyudmila Ursulyak
Author-X-Name-First: Lyudmila
Author-X-Name-Last: Ursulyak
Author-Name: Angela Shvets
Author-X-Name-First: Angela
Author-X-Name-Last: Shvets
Author-Name: Mirza Ahsan Murtaza
Author-X-Name-First: Mirza Ahsan
Author-X-Name-Last: Murtaza
Author-Name: Ikram Murtaza Mirza
Author-X-Name-First: Ikram Murtaza
Author-X-Name-Last: Mirza
Author-Name: Кostiantyn Zhelieznov
Author-X-Name-First: Кostiantyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhelieznov
Author-Name: Saeed Mohammadi
Author-X-Name-First: Saeed
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadi
Author-Name: Hossein Serajian
Author-X-Name-First: Hossein
Author-X-Name-Last: Serajian
Author-Name: Bastian Schick
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Schick
Author-Name: Mats Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Mats
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg
Author-Name: Rakesh Chandmal Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Rakesh Chandmal
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Author-Name: Ahmed Aboubakr
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: Aboubakr
Author-Name: Sunil Kumar Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Author-Name: Stefano Melzi
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Melzi
Author-Name: Egidio Di Gialleonardo
Author-X-Name-First: Egidio
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Gialleonardo
Author-Name: Nicola Bosso
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Bosso
Author-Name: Nicolò Zampieri
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Zampieri
Author-Name: Matteo Magelli
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Magelli
Author-Name: Crăciun Camil Ion
Author-X-Name-First: Crăciun Camil
Author-X-Name-Last: Ion
Author-Name: Ian Routcliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Routcliffe
Author-Name: Oleg Pudovikov
Author-X-Name-First: Oleg
Author-X-Name-Last: Pudovikov
Author-Name: Grigory Menaker
Author-X-Name-First: Grigory
Author-X-Name-Last: Menaker
Author-Name: Jiliang Mo
Author-X-Name-First: Jiliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Mo
Author-Name: Shihui Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Shihui
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Amin Ghafourian
Author-X-Name-First: Amin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghafourian
Author-Name: Reza Serajian
Author-X-Name-First: Reza
Author-X-Name-Last: Serajian
Author-Name: Auteliano A. Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Auteliano A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Author-Name: Ícaro Pavani Teodoro
Author-X-Name-First: Ícaro Pavani
Author-X-Name-Last: Teodoro
Author-Name: Jony Javorski Eckert
Author-X-Name-First: Jony Javorski
Author-X-Name-Last: Eckert
Author-Name: Luca Pugi
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugi
Author-Name: Ahmed Shabana
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: Shabana
Author-Name: Luciano Cantone
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano
Author-X-Name-Last: Cantone
Title: Freight train air brake models
Abstract:
This paper is an outcome of an international collaborative research initiative. Researchers from 24 institutions across 12 countries were invited to discuss the state-of-the-art in railway train air brake modelling with an emphasis on freight trains. Discussed models are classified as empirical, fluid dynamics and fluid-empirical dynamics models. Empirical models are widely used, and advanced versions have been used for train dynamics simulations. Fluid dynamics models are better models to study brake system behaviour but are more complex and slower in computation. Fluid-empirical dynamics models combine fluid dynamics brake pipe models and empirical brake valve models. They are a balance of model fidelity and computational speeds. Depending on research objectives, detailed models of brake rigging, friction blocks and wheel-rail adhesion are also available. To spark new ideas and more research in this field, the challenges and research gaps in air brake modelling are discussed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-49
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2021.2006808
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2021.2006808
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:1-49
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# input file: TJRT_A_2032853_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Van Duc Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Van Duc
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Qiang Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Qiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Tengfei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Tengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Liang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: You Zhan
Author-X-Name-First: You
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhan
Author-Name: Tri Phuong Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Tri Phuong
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Title: Monitoring of an instrumented geosynthetic-reinforced piled embankment with a triangular pile configuration
Abstract:
A comprehensive monitoring programme was undertaken at a geosynthetic-reinforced piled embankment over soft ground to better understand its time-dependent performance. The programme involved continuous monitoring of earth pressure, axial force in piles, settlement of structural elements, lateral movement of subsoil, and geogrid tensile strain of the instrumented system. Earth pressure measurements evidenced the mobilization of soil arching; pile efficacies were derived from established analytical methods and assessed against observed data for piles with circular cap configuration arranged in a triangular pattern, with the Concentric Arches model giving the best predictions. The development of axial load in piles can be properly captured by a regression equation with analytical approach. Penetration and compression behaviours of structural elements were evaluated by settlement measurement on piles and soils at ground level relative to pile toe or substratum. The proposed approach in obtaining tensile force of geogrid was verified with the measured differential-settlement data.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 69-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2032853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2032853
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:69-91
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# input file: TJRT_A_2062624_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Zhaowei Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Zhaowei
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Qianhua Pu
Author-X-Name-First: Qianhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Pu
Title: Vibration absorption performance of resilient wheel in metro train running on long-span cable-stayed bridge
Abstract:
To control the vibration of long-span cable-stayed bridge (LSCSB) caused by running train on metro line, vibration suppression effect of resilient wheel on the metro train–LSCSB coupled system is deeply investigated. Firstly, metro train–LSCSB system coupled dynamic model considering resilient wheels is formed. Then, the effects of resilient wheels on the dynamic characteristics of metro train–LSCSB system are investigated. Finally, the optimal stiffness ratiois determined, and the stiffness and damping of the resilient wheel are also optimized. Results show that: The resilient wheel reduces lateral vibration of LSCSB at 2–20 Hz. For the adopted metro train–LSCSB system, satisfactory vibration absorption effect can be obtained when stiffness ratio of the resilient wheel is 0.67–1. The optimal stiffness and damping of resilient wheel are recommended to be 30 MN/m and 300 kN·s/m.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 129-149
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2062624
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2062624
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:129-149
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# input file: TJRT_A_2034062_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: L.-H. Tran
Author-X-Name-First: L.-H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tran
Author-Name: K. Le-Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Le-Nguyen
Author-Name: T. Hoang
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoang
Title: A comparison of beam models for the dynamics of railway sleepers
Abstract:
In dynamics models for the railway tracks, the rails are considered as beams supported continuously or periodically mass-spring systems. Recently, the mass-spring systems are replaced by Euler-Bernoulli beams on viscoelastic foundation in order to study the dynamics of sleepers. This paper presents a development of this study by considering the Timoshenko beams for sleepers. We consider the dynamic equation in the steady-state of a sleeper subjected to the reaction forces. The rails are modelled by the periodically supported beams subjected to moving loads, leading to a relation between the sleeper displacements and the reaction forces. By substituting this relation into the dynamic equation, the sleeper responses can be obtained by using the Green’s function. Finally, numerical examples show the influences of beam models on sleeper responses. This development completes analytical choices for the dynamics of railway tracks where the rails and sleepers can be modelled by the two beam theories.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 92-110
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2034062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2034062
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:92-110
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# input file: TJRT_A_2029723_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Marc Ehret
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehret
Author-Name: Ernst Hohmann
Author-X-Name-First: Ernst
Author-X-Name-Last: Hohmann
Author-Name: Andreas Heckmann
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Heckmann
Title: On the modelling of the friction characteristics of railway vehicle brakes
Abstract:
The rules and standards that define the requirements and methods for the layout of friction brake systems for railway vehicles still demand extensive experimental surveys since the general confidence in the theoretical predictability of the brake pad friction behaviour is limited. In fact, a review of numerous measurements from dynamometer test rigs exposes a large variation of the friction characteristics. Nevertheless, these measurements could be exploited to develop an elaborate friction modelling approach that includes deterministic and stochastic influences. The comparison of vehicle measurements from field tests with simulation results reveals that a significant improvement of the theoretical predictability of braking distances is within reach. Consequently, this applies as well for a more virtual layout and acceptance procedure for railway vehicle brake systems in the future.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 50-68
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2029723
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2029723
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:50-68
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# input file: TJRT_A_2062062_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Xiaowei Qiu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaowei
Author-X-Name-Last: Qiu
Author-Name: Xiaozhen Li
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaozhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jing Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Ming Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Ming
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Fluctuating wind pressure on vertical sound barrier during two high-speed trains passing each other
Abstract:
This study aims to investigate the train-induced fluctuating wind pressure on the vertical sound barrier when two high-speed trains pass each other. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model based on the overset grid method was established to stimulate the relative movements between the trains and sound barriers, which were validated using relevant test data and design specifications. The pressure characteristics on the vertical sound barrier were quantified for the cases of the two trains passing each other with speeds ranging from approximately 350 to 450 km/h. The results demonstrated that increasing the train speed, lowering the position along the sound barrier, and reducing the distance from the centre of the track can amplify the pressure. The amplitude of the fluctuating pressure increases rapidly with the square of the train speed during single-train operation; this is further amplified when two trains pass each other.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 111-128
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2062062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2062062
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:111-128
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# input file: TJRT_A_2060359_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Xue Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Xue
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Joshua Q. Li
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua Q.
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Wenyao Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Wenyao
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Kelvin C. P. Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kelvin C. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jim Hatt
Author-X-Name-First: Jim
Author-X-Name-Last: Hatt
Author-Name: Jared Schwennesen
Author-X-Name-First: Jared
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwennesen
Title: Selection of at-grade highway-rail crossings for grade separation
Abstract:
Highway-rail at-grade crossings (HRGCs) are critical spatial locations of utmost importance for transportation safety. Using the national HRGC inventory database and 5 years of accident data in Oklahoma, a data-driven hierarchical evaluation process was developed for identifying and prioritizing potential HRGCs as candidates for grade separations, which includes four sequential levels of analyses: the practice guidelines, hazard index-based ranking, safety analysis, and full investment analysis. Various types of benefits, in terms of traffic safety, travel time, vehicle operating cost, and environment, were considered. The top-ranked HRGCs were identified and their ranking results were compared among the different methods. The prioritization results were mostly consistent while with several exceptions. This study relied on existing analysis tools and developed a comprehensive while practical sequential prioritization process, which can be directly implemented at state highway agencies for statewide selection of grade separation projects.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 227-247
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2060359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2060359
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:227-247
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# input file: TJRT_A_2075945_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Guosong Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Guosong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Longjiang Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Longjiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Author-Name: Yuan Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Title: Investigating the re-adhesion performance of locomotives with bogie frame suspension driving system
Abstract:
The readhesion performance and driving system dynamics of locomotives with bogie frame suspension driving system were investigated. To investigate the driving system’s vibration characteristics in the adhesion saturation state and the influencing factors for locomotive’s readhesion performance, a train dynamic model was established. According to the simulation results, increasing the torsional stiffness of six-bar double hollow shaft coupling and adopting the traction motor with hard mechanical characteristics are beneficial for the locomotive’s readhesion performance. Besides, increasing the motor suspension stiffness within a certain range is advantageous. Moreover, resonance analysis was conducted, which indicated that the resonance of the driving system occurs if the natural frequency of wheelset’s longitudinal vibration is close to the rotary vibration natural frequency or its frequency doubling. Reasonable matching of primary longitudinal stiffness and six-bar double hollow shaft coupling stiffness is emphasized.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 267-288
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2075945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2075945
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:267-288
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# input file: TJRT_A_2069170_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Li Song
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Hubing Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Hubing
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Lei Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Zhiwu Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Title: Random simulation method of track irregularities and its application in vehicle-track dynamic analysis
Abstract:
Track irregularity holds strong randomicity, evolvability, and large data sets during the long-term operation of a rail line, possessing a significant influence on the dynamic performance of vehicle-track systems. In this work, methods for simulating track random irregularities are developed by combining the track irregularity probability model (TIPM) and the number theory method and by the Karhunen-Loève expansion (KLE). Furthermore, the vehicle-track interaction model considering the interaction between the vehicle, track, and wheel-rail interaction is constructed at a 3-D space, where the multi-rigid-body dynamics, finite method, and wheel-rail contacts are applied to construct matrix-coupled vehicle-track interaction equations. Finally, a unified random vibration analysis framework for the vehicle-track system is presented. From perspectives of the amplitude, power spectral density, and probabilistic distribution, the accuracy and efficiency of TIPM and KLE models in simulating track random irregularities and revealing system dynamics performance are compared and analysed in detail.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 169-187
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2069170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2069170
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:169-187
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# input file: TJRT_A_2065372_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: İsmail Şahin
Author-X-Name-First: İsmail
Author-X-Name-Last: Şahin
Title: Data-driven stochastic model for train delay analysis and prediction
Abstract:
A homogeneous Markov chain model is proposed to make delay analysis and prediction for near future train movements in a non-periodic single-track railway timetable setting. The prediction model constitutes two principal processes, namely sectional running and conflict resolution, which are represented by the stochastic recovery and deterioration matrices, respectively. The matrices are developed using a data-driven approach. Given the initial delay of a train at the beginning of the prediction horizon, its delay within the horizon can be estimated by vector and matrix operations, which are performed for individual processes separately or in combination of the processes. A baseline linear model has also been developed for comparison. The numerical tests conducted give consistent and stable predictions for train delays made by the Markov model. This is mainly because of that the Markov model can capture uncertainties deep in the horizon and respond to variations in train movements.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 207-226
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2065372
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2065372
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:207-226
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# input file: TJRT_A_2071346_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jie Li
Author-X-Name-First: Jie
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Zhongcan Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zhongcan
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Chao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Qiyuan Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Qiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Train operation conflict detection for high-speed railways: a naïve Bayes approach
Abstract:
Accurately detecting train operation conflicts (TOC) has great significance for improving the emergency handling ability of dispatchers during interference. In this study, a conflict detection model for high-speed train operation is proposed, with the train operation data from Xiamen to Shenzhen high-speed railway. Firstly, a TOC detection model framework considering data imbalance is determined, based on Bernoulli naïve Bayes model. Then, the hyper-parameter of the proposed model is tuned with the training and validation dataset. Next, the performance result of the proposed model is compared to other three commonly used naïve Bayes models, namely the Gaussian naïve Bayes, multinomial naïve Bayes and complement naïve Bayes. Comparison analyses based on the commonly used classification model evaluation indexes show that the detection accuracy of the proposed model is significantly higher than other naïve Bayes models. The proposed model also achieves high robustness and detection accuracy in each category.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 188-206
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2071346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2071346
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:188-206
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# input file: TJRT_A_2064346_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yunlong Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Yunlong
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Guixian Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Guixian
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Guoqing Jing
Author-X-Name-First: Guoqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Jing
Author-Name: Jianjun Qu
Author-X-Name-First: Jianjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Qu
Author-Name: Shilei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Shilei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Weile Qiang
Author-X-Name-First: Weile
Author-X-Name-Last: Qiang
Title: Ballast fouling inspection and quantification with ground penetrating radar (GPR)
Abstract:
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been applied for ballast layer inspection for two decades, mainly for the analysis of ballast layer fouling levels. However, some issues that affect the inspection quality remain unsolved, such as issues involving the GPR equipment quality (antenna) and the correlation between the GPR indicator and fouling index. With the aim of solving these two issues, in this paper, we investigated the difference between the results of two different antennas, the GPR data processing technique, indicators for the fouling level (by GPR signal processing) and the correlation between the indicators and fouling index (obtained by sieving). The results show that the antenna quality determines the inspection quality. The indicators can reflect the ballast layer fouling level, and they correlate the best with the fouling index (obtained by the percentage of particles passing through a 5 mm sieve size). This study is helpful for the future modification of railway ballast maintenance standards.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 151-168
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2064346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2064346
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:151-168
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# input file: TJRT_A_2063197_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Maolu Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Maolu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Xiaofeng Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Trillion Q Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Trillion Q
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Zhijun Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Zhijun
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Xue Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Xue
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Author-Name: Jingda Gu
Author-X-Name-First: Jingda
Author-X-Name-Last: Gu
Title: Improved control strategy of zero-resistance converter system for rail potential and stray current mitigation
Abstract:
In urban rail transit, the running rails are generally employed as the traction current return path, which inevitably causes rail potential and stray current issues. As one of the solutions, zero-resistance converter system (ZRCS), consisting of negative resistance converters and switch units, establishes zero-resistance loops to shorten the return loop of traction current in running rails, so as to mitigate rail potential and stray current. Considering the defects of accumulated detection errors by multiple voltage sensors in traditional control strategy (TCS), an improved control strategy (ICS) taking rail potential at specific points as control objects is proposed. Furthermore, based on mathematical model of ZRCS, the rail potential and stray current distributions under different control strategies are discussed. Compared with TCS, the ICS enhances ZRCS rail potential and stray current mitigation performance. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the ICS are validated through experimental verification.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 248-266
Issue: 2
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2063197
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2063197
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:248-266
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# input file: TJRT_A_2069171_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Zheng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Lei Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Dongli Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Dongli
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zengjian Niu
Author-X-Name-First: Zengjian
Author-X-Name-Last: Niu
Author-Name: Yongsheng Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Yongsheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Wei Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Xinsheng Zhan
Author-X-Name-First: Xinsheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhan
Title: 2D and 3D soil finite/infinite element models: modelling, comparison and application in vehicle-track dynamic interaction
Abstract:
In this work, 2D and 3D vehicle-track-soil (VTS) models are developed in a coupled manner. The VTS system is modelled as an integration of the multi-rigid-body vehicle sub-model, multi-scale finite element ballastless track sub-model and finite/infinite element (FE/IE) soil sub-model, where the IE method is introduced to deal with the boundary condition of the far-field soil. Particularly, the detailed approach for modelling the FE/IE soil sub-model is depicted in the 2D and 3D space domain, respectively. Through comparisons, it is proved that the IE method shows advantages in simulating the soil far-field region by meeting a soil boundary condition. Case studies are conducted to demonstrate the superiority and applicability of this model in improving the computational efficiency. Besides, the influence of vehicle speed on system dynamic performance is revealed, where the soil critical speed derived by the soil Rayleigh surface wave speed is explored by the vehicle-induced vibrations.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 339-363
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2069171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2069171
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:339-363
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# input file: TJRT_A_2081879_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Xin Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Xin
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Jin Li
Author-X-Name-First: Jin
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Chenyu Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Chenyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Degou Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Degou
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Liangwei Lou
Author-X-Name-First: Liangwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Lou
Author-Name: Yuefeng Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Yuefeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Feipeng Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Feipeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Title: Numerical and experimental investigation of reduced temperature effect on asphalt concrete waterproofing layer in high-speed railway
Abstract:
The thermal fatigue cracking of asphalt concrete waterproofing layer (ACWL) in high-speed railway is mainly caused by the daily reduced temperature effect. In this study, numerical and experimental investigations on this effect were respectively conducted through the determination of surface temperature field, finite element modelling (FEM), and experiments using the customized overlay test (OT). The results indicated the thermal condition in Northern China was more severe for ACWL compared with that of other regions. The stress concentration effect on ACWL surface was mainly attributed to the temperature variation, average temperature, and viscoelastic behaviour of asphalt concrete. In addition, the OT results indicated the internal damage might happen in ACWL without obvious surface feature. Finally, the OT was in consistent with FEM analysis regarding internal stress distribution and fatigue characteristics, and thus could be used as a feasible test method to evaluate the thermal fatigue of ACWL.
A set of 10-year weather data covering major cities in China was used to calculate surface temperature field change on ACWL in high-speed railway system.A 3-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled FEM model was established and verified to investigate the daily reduced temperature effect on high-speed railway ACWL.The customized overlay tester was innovatively employed to simulate thermal load characteristics of the reduced temperature effect.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 389-405
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2081879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2081879
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# input file: TJRT_A_2081878_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hao Pu
Author-X-Name-First: Hao
Author-X-Name-Last: Pu
Author-Name: Huidan Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Huidan
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Paul Schonfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Schonfeld
Author-Name: Taoran Song
Author-X-Name-First: Taoran
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Lu Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Lu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Xianbao Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Xianbao
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Title: Modelling and optimization of constrained alignments for existing railway reconstruction
Abstract:
Presently, numerous low-grade existing railways need to be reconstructed to improve their capacity. The core of the supporting analysis process redesigns railway alignments based on existing ones. However, most alignment optimization studies focus on new alignment designs but none have considered the complicated constraints between existing and redesigned alignments. This paper focuses on optimizing constrained alignments for existing railway reconstruction. An optimization model is developed by defining existing alignments into reused and reconstructed sections. The reconstruction cost is formulated as an objective function and three categories of constraints are considered. To solve this model, a two-stage method is developed. Firstly, an automatic segmenting method is proposed for separating existing alignments into the aforementioned two kinds of sections. Then, a multi-directional distance transform is devised to search for redesigned alignments. By being applied to a real-world case, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through data and sensitivity analyses.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 428-447
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2081878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2081878
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:428-447
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# input file: TJRT_A_2075944_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Senrong Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Senrong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jingze Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Jingze
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Chao Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Hui Li
Author-X-Name-First: Hui
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Yong Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Yong
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Condition assessment of high-speed railway track structure based on sparse Bayesian extreme learning machine and Bayesian hypothesis testing
Abstract:
Aiming at condition assessment of ballastless high-speed railway track structures, in this study, a probability prediction model of the structural static responses under temperature loads based on sparse Bayesian extreme learning machine (SBELM) is constructed. Utilizing the probabilistic predictions of the structural static responses, a Bayesian hypothesis testing-based condition assessment method for track structures is proposed. This method is employed for long-term monitoring data analysis of a high-speed railway track structure with a small-radius curve. Implicit mappings between the temperature loads and the structural static responses are obtained by training a SBELM model, and reliable predictions of the subsequent structural static responses based on the monitored temperature data are yielded. Subsequently, the probabilistic predictions of the structural responses are compared with measured data by Bayesian hypothesis testing for effective condition assessment. The illustrative application validates that the proposed method can realize the condition assessment of high-speed railway track structures effectively.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 364-388
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2075944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2075944
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:364-388
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# input file: TJRT_A_2083711_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Xiongfei Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Xiongfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Jinneng Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jinneng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Lin Jing
Author-X-Name-First: Lin
Author-X-Name-Last: Jing
Title: Coupling effects of strain rate and fatigue damage on wheel-rail rolling contact behaviour: a dynamic finite element simulation
Abstract:
A comprehensive 3-D explicit finite element (FE) model was established to investigate the frictional wheel-rail rolling contact responses in this study, in which the strain rate effect and initial fatigue damage of wheel/rail materials were taken into account via inputting relevant stress-strain response curves. Four friction exploitation levels were included to examine the dynamic contact responses in terms of contact load, contact patch area, creep characteristic, and stress/strain state. It is found that the nodal velocities on the rail surface at the trailing and leading edges of the contact patch are in opposite directions once the slip occurs. The strain rate hardening effect will significantly increase the Mises stress and suppress the plastic deformation of the wheel and rail at high creep levels, while the Mises stress will decrease with the increase of fatigue damage but the plastic strain will increase correspondingly.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 317-338
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2083711
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2083711
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:317-338
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# input file: TJRT_A_2077850_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Chao Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: Xin Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Xin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding
Author-Name: Liang Ling
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ling
Author-Name: Fansong Li
Author-X-Name-First: Fansong
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Tao Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Kaiyun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kaiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Wanming Zhai
Author-X-Name-First: Wanming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai
Title: Mechanism of high-speed train carbody shaking due to degradation of wheel-rail contact geometry
Abstract:
The carbody shaking phenomenon (CSP) can greatly reduce the ride comfort of high-speed trains. To investigate the abnormal vibration feature and causes of the CSP, extensive field measurements and numerical simulations were conducted. A three-dimensional rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model of a high-speed vehicle is constructed to reproduce the CSP and reveal the key influence factors, in which the finite element model of the carbody is updated based on the experimental modal data. The field test show that the main vibration frequency of the carbody accelerations appear around 7.90 Hz, which is close to the natural frequency of the carbody diamond mode. The simulation results demonstrate that the CSP is caused by the carbody resonance vibrations induced by bogie hunting motion, which is triggered by the deterioration of wheel-rail contact geometry. When the train passes through turnouts at high speed, wheel-rail impact will further aggravate the CSPs.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 289-316
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2077850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2077850
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:289-316
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# input file: TJRT_A_2082571_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jian Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Jian
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Ze-Rui Xiang
Author-X-Name-First: Ze-Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiang
Author-Name: Jin-Yi Zhi
Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhi
Author-Name: Yao-Dong Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Yao-Dong
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Xiao-Fei Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao-Fei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: Assessment of visual comfort in the lighting environments of subway cabins in China
Abstract:
This paper presents a multi-dimensional evaluation and comparison of the visual comfort of the cabin lighting environments of five subways lines in Chengdu. The study proposes a visual comfort evaluation procedure that integrates objective and subjective methods combined with existing visual comfort measurement methods. Based on this evaluation procedure, the lighting conditions (illuminance and glare) in each cabin were measured using an illuminance metre and high-dynamic image technology, and an online questionnaire was used to understand passengers’ subjective experiences of cabin lighting. The results show that: seating layout has no significant influence on the visual performance of mobile phones or on spatial brightness; horizontal illuminance in the lighting environments of subway cabins has no significant influence on task performance of passengers using mobile phones; the overall perception of subway cabin spatial brightness increases with vertical illuminance; and passengers have no obvious preference for a cabin correlated colour temperature.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 406-427
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2082571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2082571
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:406-427
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# input file: TJRT_A_2085202_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jiqiang Niu
Author-X-Name-First: Jiqiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Niu
Author-Name: Yueming Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Yueming
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Huadong Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Huadong
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Author-Name: Yan Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Yan
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Numerical investigation on application of train body airflow diversion device to suppress pressure waves in railway high-speed train/tunnel system
Abstract:
The development of the high-speed maglev train (HSMT) is important for the future of high-speed rail transit. A pressure wave (PW) is a common aerodynamic effect in high-speed railway tunnels. For HSMTs with a speed of 600 km/h, the amplitude of PW in the tunnel can be very big, which maybe far exceed the current design strength standard of the train body structure and seriously threatens the safety of the railway train/tunnel structure and passenger ear comfort. Therefore, aerodynamic PWs caused by a two-dimensional axisymmetric model with an ellipsoidal nose passing through a tunnel was investigate, and the numerical method adopted in this study was validated by two scaled moving model tests. The PWs caused by trains in four cases and the effects of train speed and tunnel length were analysed and compared. Some results show that diversion device significantly reduces the amplitude of the PWs (∆Cp) on the train surface and tunnel wall. The diversion device on the train tail (C4) not only changes ∆Cp, but also changes the waveform. The diversion device on the train tail (C3) and diversion device on both train head and tail which are connecting each other (C2) mainly reduced the ∆Cp. When the decrease in both PWs on the train surface and tunnel wall is considered, C2 has the best effect. With an increase in the train speed, the effect of C2 on restraining the PW on the train surface and tunnel wall increases to a certain extent. However, the restraining effect on the micro-pressure wave (MPW) at the tunnel exit does not exceed 5%. The suppression effect of C2 on ∆Cp on the train surface and tunnel wall decreases with an increase in the tunnel length. However, it does not change the distribution law of ∆Cp along the train and tunnel. This study can provide a reference for the design of the body of HSMTs and the suppression of PW in tunnels.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 490-507
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2085202
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2085202
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:490-507
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# input file: TJRT_A_2087776_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jiangwen Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiangwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Guiming Mei
Author-X-Name-First: Guiming
Author-X-Name-Last: Mei
Author-Name: Liantao Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Liantao
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: Analysis of the pantograph’s mass distribution affecting the contact quality in high-speed railway
Abstract:
The pantograph–catenary system is an essential device, transmitting electric energy to high-speed trains. The sliding contact quality between the collector strip and the contact wire must be strictly required, keeping the good current collection quality. In this work, the displacements of two independent tension wires are described by the Fourier sine-series expansions separately. The Lagrange equation of the second kind is used to establish the dynamic equation of the catenary, which is solved by the central difference method. A multi-rigid body dynamics theory based on the relative coordinates is adopted, describing the dynamic behaviour of the pantograph. Three types of mass distribution strategies applied to the main structure of the pantograph are discussed. The mass distribution of the main structure has a large effect on the pantograph–catenary interaction, and the maximum reduction ratio of the standard deviation (STD) of the dynamic contact force reaches −35.62%, which is significant for the pantograph’s structural optimization in high-speed railways.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 529-551
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2087776
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2087776
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:529-551
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# input file: TJRT_A_2094483_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jinkyu Bae
Author-X-Name-First: Jinkyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Bae
Author-Name: Soonho Shon
Author-X-Name-First: Soonho
Author-X-Name-Last: Shon
Author-Name: Hyeokbin Kwon
Author-X-Name-First: Hyeokbin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwon
Author-Name: Kwanjung Yee
Author-X-Name-First: Kwanjung
Author-X-Name-Last: Yee
Title: Numerical investigation of snow accumulation on a high-speed train by snow saltation
Abstract:
Snow accumulation on the undercarriage of a train is an important issue that significantly degrades the safety and performance of the vehicle. This phenomenon is primarily attributed to snow saltation induced by train-generated wind gusts. This study numerically investigated the snow accumulation on a train by modelling the snow saltation for the initial movement of drifting snow from the ground. A semi-empirical snow saltation model was applied to the boundary condition for a snow-covered ground, and Eulerian governing equations were solved for snow phase flow. Using the present method, a high-speed train model comprising multiple cars and a single-car model were simulated. The results presented the novel trend of snow accumulation, which gradually increased towards the rear of the train but remained relatively constant after a third car.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 465-489
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2094483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2094483
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:465-489
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# input file: TJRT_A_2106599_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Xianying Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xianying
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: David Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: Jungsoo Ryue
Author-X-Name-First: Jungsoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryue
Author-Name: Hongseok Jeong
Author-X-Name-First: Hongseok
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong
Author-Name: Giacomo Squicciarini
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo
Author-X-Name-Last: Squicciarini
Title: The effect of rail shields on railway rolling noise
Abstract:
Rail shields have been developed recently which are fitted around the lower part of the rail and are intended to reduce the noise radiated by the rail. Their effect on the sound radiation is investigated theoretically by using a 2.5D finite element/boundary element approach including the acoustic effects of the ground. The insertion loss due to the rail shields is predicted and compared with available measured data and the most important features of the shields are identified. The overall noise reduction when applied to railway track is determined by combining the numerical results with estimates of rolling noise from the TWINS model. The rail shields are effective in the middle frequency range, where the rail is the most important noise source. The overall A-weighted sound level is reduced by 2–3 dB for a track with soft rail pads, and 1–2 dB for a track with stiff pads.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 552-572
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2106599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2106599
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:552-572
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# input file: TJRT_A_2093280_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yidong Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Yidong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Rui Song
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Shiwei He
Author-X-Name-First: Shiwei
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Zilong Song
Author-X-Name-First: Zilong
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Jushang Chi
Author-X-Name-First: Jushang
Author-X-Name-Last: Chi
Title: Integrated train routing and timetabling problem in a multi-station high-speed railway hub
Abstract:
With multiple stations being built in the high-speed railway hub, how to schedule trains among stations is of great significance. This paper studies the integrated train routing and timetabling problem in a multi-station high-speed railway hub. Based on a specific bi-level network, a binary integer programming model using cumulative flow variables is proposed to minimize the total cost of trains and passengers. An extended Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is developed to decompose the model into train and passenger subproblems. The performance of the algorithm is investigated on small-scale and large-scale networks. Compared with the commonly used Lagrangian Relaxation (LR) algorithm, the results indicate that the extended ADMM obtain better solutions with less iterations, where the lower bound decreases by 3.79% and iterations are reduced by 83.54%. Another comparative experiment shows the total cost of the optimization scheme is 16.22% lower than that of the current fixed scheme.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 598-637
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2093280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2093280
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:598-637
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# input file: TJRT_A_2083710_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jingke Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Jingke
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Tao Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Bing Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Bing
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Xiaorui Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaorui
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Shoune Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Shoune
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Guangwu Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Guangwu
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Yanwen Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yanwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Benhuai Li
Author-X-Name-First: Benhuai
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Influence of wheelset rotational motion on train collision response and wheelset lift mechanism
Abstract:
When a train is in a nonbraking state during an actual collision, the wheelset rotational movement aggravates the wheel–rail impact and increases the wheel lift and risk of overriding. Based on the principle of equal initial collision kinetic energy, the idea of using wheelset translation instead of rotation is proposed. Moreover, the calculation formula for a mass equivalent coefficient is deduced. From the perspective of the dynamic transmission relationship between the car body, bogie, and wheelset, the mechanism of the wheelset lift are investigated. The research results show that without considering the rotational kinetic energy of wheelset, the difference of collision response can be effectively reduced by increasing the translational mass of wheelset by 10%. The vertical speed lift displacement and inclined lift displacement of the bogie have the largest contribution to the wheel lift. When the wheelset rotation is not considered, the wheel lift is significantly reduced.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 573-597
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2083710
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2083710
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# input file: TJRT_A_2086638_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yubo Jiao
Author-X-Name-First: Yubo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiao
Author-Name: Zhiqiang Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiqiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Liping Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Liping
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Author-Name: Xiaozhuo Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaozhuo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Author-Name: Chaozhe Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Chaozhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Xiaoming Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Kun Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Kun
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Xiaoyu Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: Physiological responses and stress levels of high-speed rail train drivers under various operating conditions - a simulator study in China
Abstract:
The stress level of high-speed rail (HSR) train drivers directly impacts their job performance and thus the safety of HSR operations. This paper attempts to develop a quantitative understanding of train drivers’ stress levels and the contributing factors by the experimental study conducted in a realistic HSR simulator. An extensive statistical analysis found that the ultra-short-term heart rate variability metrics could differentiate different stress levels. Three different machine-learning classifiers were evaluated for stress detection, including support vector machine (SVM), random forests (RF), and K-nearest neighbour (KNN). The RF model was shown to perform the best in terms of robustness and classification accuracy. Moreover, the research found that the driver’s stress level should be detected rather than the type of stressor. The findings from this research could contribute to the development of real-time HSR driver condition monitoring systems and the improvement of current HSR operation safety regulations.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 449-464
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2086638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2086638
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# input file: TJRT_A_2095539_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Haydn Hunt
Author-X-Name-First: Haydn
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt
Author-Name: Buddhima Indraratna
Author-X-Name-First: Buddhima
Author-X-Name-Last: Indraratna
Author-Name: Yujie Qi
Author-X-Name-First: Yujie
Author-X-Name-Last: Qi
Title: Ductility and energy absorbing behaviour of coal wash – rubber crumb mixtures
Abstract:
The reuse of waste materials, such as coal wash (CW) and rubber crumbs (RC), is becoming increasingly popular in large-scale civil engineering applications, which is environmentally friendly and economically attractive. In this study, the ductility and strain energy density of CW-RC mixtures with different RC contents compacted to the same initial void ratio and subjected to triaxial shearing are evaluated. As expected, the ductility and energy absorbing capacity of the waste mixture are improved with RC addition. This makes the use of CW-RC mixtures in substructure applications a promising development for future rail design where loads are expected to increase. Furthermore, empirical models for the shear strength and strain energy density based on the RC content are proposed. These models may be used as a guide to approximate the sheacr strength and strain energy density of these compacted CW-RC mixtures prior to the undertaking of extensive triaxial tests.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 508-528
Issue: 4
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2095539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2095539
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:508-528
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# input file: TJRT_A_2099992_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emil Aggestam
Author-X-Name-First: Emil
Author-X-Name-Last: Aggestam
Title: Comparison of the dynamic response and environmental impact between traditional and innovative railway track systems
Abstract:
Railways employ a range of different railway track forms. Here, a ballasted track design is compared to three different slab track solutions. The track designs are compared using both a life cycle analysis (LCA) and a methodology for simulation of three-dimensional vertical dynamic vehicle–track interaction, which has been verified versus field measurements. The interaction between vehicle and track is simulated in the time domain using an extended state-space vector approach. For the investigated load cases involving representative wheel and track irregularities, it is concluded that the maximum stress in the concrete parts is, for all designs, below the maximum flexural tensile strength. From the LCA, it is concluded that the production of steel and concrete cause most CO2 emissions, while the CO2 emissions due to maintenance activities such as tamping and rail grinding are only a small part of the overall emissions.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 685-704
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2099992
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2099992
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:5:p:685-704
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# input file: TJRT_A_2097134_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Qiang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Qiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Xuehui Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xuehui
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Lei Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: Slab track-bridge interaction subjected to a moving train: an improved matrix formulation and truncation method
Abstract:
Modelling slab track-bridge interaction subject to a moving train usually involves solving complex high-dimensional matrix equations which is time-consuming. This research works to optimize the auto-assembling process in the slab track-bridge coupling matrices formulation and improve the computational efficiency by truncating the dynamic matrices used in time integral scheme. To achieve the above goals, the key issue is to appropriately couple the systems’ dynamic matrices in conditions where the elemental sizes of the track slab and the bridge are inconsistent in 3-D space. Besides, by firstly clarifying the degrees of freedom vector of the rail, the track slab and the bridge girder participated in each time step, dynamic matrices characterizing the train-slab track-bridge interaction are truncated with time to reduce the matrix size. This present study has demonstrated the solutions for above problems. Apart from model validations, some numerical examples are presented to show applicability of the proposed methods.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 665-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2097134
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2097134
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:5:p:665-684
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# input file: TJRT_A_2108151_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Fuguang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Fuguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Jianmei Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Jianmei
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: Huaiping Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Huaiping
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Title: Laboratory study on degradation of ballast mixed with crumb rubber under impact loads
Abstract:
This paper evaluates the effect of crumb rubber (CR) on degradation reduction of ballast aggregates subjected to impact loads. A drop-weight impact testing apparatus was developed to test ballast mixed with CR. The probability of corner breakage and bulk fracture was investigated, and the material loss and change in sphericity were identified. The results show that, as CR percentage increases, the corner breakage probability increases first and then decreases, while the bulk fracture probability decreases. The effect of CR on the former is less than that on the latter. The degradation probability of the particles in the size range of 35.5 ~ 45 mm or that of non-cubic shapes is most influenced by CR. The material loss and change in sphericity decrease with increasing CR percentage, and the effect of CR is greatest for the particles in the size range of 25 ~ 35.5 mm and independent of particle shape.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 767-789
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2108151
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2108151
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# input file: TJRT_A_2105268_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Song Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Song
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Hao Hou
Author-X-Name-First: Hao
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou
Author-Name: Yaoyao Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Yaoyao
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Guoqiang Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Guoqiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Yujun Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Yujun
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Jie Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Jie
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Changlei Ju
Author-X-Name-First: Changlei
Author-X-Name-Last: Ju
Author-Name: Yixiang Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Yixiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Author-Name: Jie Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Jie
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Siyan Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Siyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Guangning Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Guangning
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Characteristic analysis of the VCB operational overvoltage for high-speed trains considering arc reignition phenomenon
Abstract:
Due to the constant pursuit for higher operating velocity, the traction power capacity for high-speed trains needs to be enlarged. When the train passes approach the insulating sections set between the two neighbouring contact lines carrying the traction current with different phases, the vehicle-mounted vacuumed circuit breaker (VCB) needs to be switched off. Generally, the arc may generate when connecting or separating the contacts, when switching on or off the VCB. In order to investigate the characteristics of the reignition overvoltage the ‘train-rail-catenary’ traction power supply model considering the reignition process between the VCB’s contacts is launched in this paper. The impact of the dielectric strength recovery rate between the contacts of the VCB on the number of reignition and the amplitude of the reignition overvoltage is analysed based on the experimental and simulation results. Ultimately, the corresponding restraining measures are proposed for suppressing the reignition overvoltage.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 790-810
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2105268
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2105268
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:5:p:790-810
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# input file: TJRT_A_2106318_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yi Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Jieling Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Jieling
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Tianheng Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Tianheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Liyuan Zhuang
Author-X-Name-First: Liyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhuang
Author-Name: Pu Jing
Author-X-Name-First: Pu
Author-X-Name-Last: Jing
Author-Name: Ping Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Tianyou Qi
Author-X-Name-First: Tianyou
Author-X-Name-Last: Qi
Title: The sleeper group influences on lateral resistance and stability of ballast bed
Abstract:
The sleeper group, composed of a certain number of rail sleepers, influences the characterization of lateral resistance and the stability of continuous welded rail (CWR). According to full-scale model tests and discrete element model simulation tests of ballast bed, we established a new lateral stability analysis model of CWR considering the effect of sleeper group and resistance sharing characteristics, and compared it with the traditional model. The case analysis shows that the lateral stability analysis result of CWR is safer when considering the effect of sleeper group. When the curve radius is 300 m, the safety margin of the sleeper group model is about 20.8% larger than that of the traditional model. For CWR with potential large lateral displacement in special sections (such as small-radius and large temperature difference), it is advisable to consider the effect of sleeper group for the lateral stability analysis.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 732-747
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2106318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2106318
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# input file: TJRT_A_2103849_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Guishuai Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Guishuai
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Liang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Qiang Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Qiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Tengfei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Tengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Hongwei Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Hongwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Title: Monitoring the dynamic response of track formation with retaining wall to heavy-haul train passage
Abstract:
A monitoring project was implemented in trial sections of the Watang−Rizhao heavy-haul railway. Data were acquired at instrumented track formations and railway retaining wall during 30 passages of train at operating speeds ranging from 5 km/h to 100 km/h. At the formation level, earth pressure cells were mounted beneath 10 longitudinally adjacent sleepers, one of which was installed along with two integrated vibration sensors for vertical acceleration and deflection measurements. The retaining wall was instrumented at different elevations in examining its vibration characteristics and variation in earth pressure against the wall due to train passage. Statistical analysis was performed on peak values of observed data to assess train speed impact on the dynamic response of the earth substructures. This field study provides researchers and practitioners with comprehensive data pertaining to the dynamic performance evaluation of track foundations supported by retaining structures under a maximum axle load of 30 tons.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 748-766
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2103849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2103849
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# input file: TJRT_A_2094484_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jie Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Jie
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Qiyuan Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Qiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Title: A multi-output deep learning model based on Bayesian optimization for sequential train delays prediction
Abstract:
Accurate train arrival delay predictions can provide timely information for passengers and train dispatchers. Previous work mainly focused on predicting the delay of a single train, which is not enough to assist dispatchers, because making more comprehensive decisions considering more trains needs more future delay information of a group of trains. Therefore, this paper proposes a Bayesian optimization-based multi-output deep learning model, which includes a fully connected neural network (FCNN) and two long–short-term memory (LSTM) components, to predict the arrival delays of multiple trains simultaneously. The proposed model is calibrated and validated with the train operation data from the Wuhan–Guangzhou (W-G) high-speed railway. The test results show that the mean absolute error and the root mean square error of the proposed model is 1.379 and 2.021 min, over the four subsequent trains. Moreover, the proposed model outperforms the standard train delay prediction benchmark model.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 705-731
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2094484
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2094484
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:5:p:705-731
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# input file: TJRT_A_2096132_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Araliya Mosleh
Author-X-Name-First: Araliya
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosleh
Author-Name: Andreia Meixedo
Author-X-Name-First: Andreia
Author-X-Name-Last: Meixedo
Author-Name: Diogo Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Diogo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro
Author-Name: Pedro Montenegro
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Montenegro
Author-Name: Rui Calçada
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Calçada
Title: Automatic clustering-based approach for train wheels condition monitoring
Abstract:
The main goal of this paper is to present an unsupervised methodology to identify railway wheel flats. This automatic damage identification algorithm is based on the acceleration evaluated on the rails for the passage of traffic loads and deals with the application of a two-step procedure. The first step aims to build a confidence boundary using baseline responses evaluated from the rail, while the second step involves the damages’ classification based on different severity levels. The proposed procedure is based on a machine learning methodology and involves the following steps: (i) data acquisition from sensors, (ii) feature extraction from acquired responses using an AR model, (iii) feature normalization using principal component analysis, (iv) data fusion, and (v) unsupervised feature classification by implementing outlier and cluster analyses. To evaluate whether the number of sensors used to detect and classify wheel flat can be optimized, the influence of sensors’ number is performed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 639-664
Issue: 5
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2096132
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2096132
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:5:p:639-664
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# input file: TJRT_A_2107581_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Author-Name: Esteban Bernal
Author-X-Name-First: Esteban
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernal
Author-Name: Pengfei Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: Loop track: an infinite long track model
Abstract:
This paper developed a track model called the ‘Loop Track’ that had a new function to simulate infinite long tracks without heavy data movement. The model was three-dimensional and considers rails, sleepers, ballast, subballast, and subgrade. Rails were modelled by using the Finite Element Method whilst all other components were modelled as equivalent rigid bodies connected by flexible force elements. The loop or infinite feature of the model was achieved by adding an extra boundary section to link the last node set to the first node set of the original track model. Case studies were conducted to simulate infinite long tracks and variable track conditions, as well as to determine the minimum track length required for different simulations. Results show that the recommended minimum track lengths for the simulated cases were 76 sleepers for vertical track dynamics and 301 sleepers for longitudinal track dynamics.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 872-885
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2107581
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2107581
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:872-885
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# input file: TJRT_A_2123862_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Zhixiang Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhixiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Hanjie Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Hanjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Weiping Zeng
Author-X-Name-First: Weiping
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeng
Author-Name: Li Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Renyu Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Renyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Title: Structure clearance design in wind tunnel tests with implications for aerodynamic drag of high-speed trains
Abstract:
The influences of vestibule diaphragm gap, wheel-rail clearance, and strut-plate gap on the aerodynamic drag of a 1/8th-scale HST model were investigated in an 8 m × 6 m wind tunnel. The Reynolds number was set to 2.2 × 106 based on train height. It was found that the variation of the vestibule diaphragm gap changed the aerodynamic drag distribution pattern of each car; the drag coefficient of the head and middle cars might change as high as 45%; however, the change in the drag coefficient of the total train was very small. The effects of the strut-plate gap on the aerodynamic drag of each car and the total train were small. The effect of the wheel-rail clearance on the drag of the head car was not significant. It was suggested that the vestibule diaphragm gap, strut-plate gap and wheel-rail clearance of the 1:8 scale high-speed train model should not be greater than 11, 15, and 7 mm, respectively.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 961-972
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2123862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2123862
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# input file: TJRT_A_2119438_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yu Pan
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan
Author-Name: Ahmad Radmehr
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmad
Author-X-Name-Last: Radmehr
Author-Name: Mehdi Ahmadian
Author-X-Name-First: Mehdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmadian
Title: Experimental evaluation of amount and repeated applications of top of rail friction modifiers on wear and adhesion
Abstract:
A laboratory evaluation of top-of-rail friction modifiers (TORFM) is conducted to evaluate their effect on wear and adhesion, in settings that are closer to field conditions. The study, which uses the Virginia Tech-Federal Railroad Administration (VT-FRA) roller rig, extends past tribological studies with twin disks. Separate tests are performed in two phases. In Phase 1, the effect of TORFM volume, ranging from light to heavy applications (about 1 to 25 μm layer thickness), is evaluated on wheel wear. The normalized results indicate that light applications of TORFM yield the most favourable wear-to-cost ratio. In Phase 2, TORFM effectiveness duration is evaluated by applying the material in multiple cycles and monitoring the time-lapse for adhesion to recover to the unlubricated condition. Repeated applications of TORFM in moderate amounts (5 μm layer thickness) could lead to a stick-slip phenomenon that could not only diminish adhesion but also lead to surface markings on the rail.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 855-871
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2119438
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2119438
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:855-871
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# input file: TJRT_A_2113923_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bingguang Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Bingguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Shenghua Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Shenghua
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Gongquan Tao
Author-X-Name-First: Gongquan
Author-X-Name-Last: Tao
Author-Name: Jiaxin Li
Author-X-Name-First: Jiaxin
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Dexiang Ren
Author-X-Name-First: Dexiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren
Author-Name: Zefeng Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Zefeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Title: Prediction of rail profile evolution on metro curved tracks: wear model and validation
Abstract:
Rail side wear is typically encountered in metro lines (particularly on sharp curves). A reliable rail wear prediction model to evaluate the evolution of the rail profile should be developed. In this study, a rail wear prediction model for a metro line is established. The vehicle system dynamics model is implemented in the SIMPACK software, which considers the actual operating conditions of the metro line. The results show that using the original Tγ/A wear rate function to calculate rail wear may yield some deviations, which necessitates a modification of the wear model based on the measured results of rail wear. Because the hardness of high and low rails on curved tracks changes after work hardening, different correction coefficients must be adopted for the wear rate function of each rail. The rail wear evolution and worn profiles are consistent with the field measurement results when using a modified wear function.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 811-832
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2113923
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2113923
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:811-832
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2118183_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Li Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Shaoguang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Shaoguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Ping Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Rong Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Rong
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Zili Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zili
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Rational hyperelastic modelling of elastic poured compound for the failure analysis of embedded rail system
Abstract:
The continuous homogeneous rail constraint of embedded rail system (ERS) is realized by the encapsulation of rails with the elastic poured compound (EPC) which is a composite material. Previous treatment of EPC as linear elastic material was insufficient in the failure analysis of ERS. In this work, a hyperelastic model is developed to describe the mechanical properties of the EPC with engineering strain up to 150%. Physical tests of uniaxial tension, planar tension and quadruple shear are conducted. A 4-parameter Ogden model is determined by curve fitting and validated with a progressive validation strategy, and then is applied to the failure analysis of ERS. It is found that the material nonlinearity of EPC contributes noticeably to the decrease of the longitudinal stiffness of ERS. The 2nd debonding is more probably caused by the failure of adhesive at the interface between EPC and rail rather than EPC itself.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 833-854
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2118183
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2118183
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:833-854
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2109522_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hongxiang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Hongxiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Gongyuan Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Gongyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Yuanzheng Lei
Author-X-Name-First: Yuanzheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Lei
Author-Name: Guangyuan Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Guangyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Irene Niyitanga
Author-X-Name-First: Irene
Author-X-Name-Last: Niyitanga
Title: A hybrid framework for synchronized passenger and train traffic simulation in an urban rail transit network
Abstract:
Modelling passenger and train traffic is a significant approach to evaluate the performance of urban rail transit (URT) networks. However, the heavy computation pressure caused by high-efficiency requirements, massive passengers, and high network complexity makes it more challenging to integrate passenger and train traffic simulation into a unified model. We propose an efficient multi-agent model to simultaneously simulate passenger and train traffic in the URT network. The model framework comprises several agents, including passenger batch, train, line, and network. A passenger aggregation method is proposed to release the computation pressure. The model is tested in the URT network of Chongqing, China. The experiment results show the model can handle a 1.6 million passengers, 1900 trains simulation within 86 s, without losing any passengers’ specific travel spatial and temporal trajectory. Three experiments are conducted for further validation, including analysing the transportation performance under different passenger route assignments, train headways, and AFC data, respectively.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 912-941
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2109522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2109522
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:912-941
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# input file: TJRT_A_2123861_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Haidong Tao
Author-X-Name-First: Haidong
Author-X-Name-Last: Tao
Author-Name: Xiaojuan Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaojuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Haitao Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Haitao
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Jiameng Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Jiameng
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Author-Name: Zhengyou He
Author-X-Name-First: Zhengyou
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Title: A novel measurement approach based on wideband excitation for frequency-coupling admittances of train converter
Abstract:
In order to assess the high-frequency resonance and stability issue in the electrified railway system, a novel wideband measurement approach based on multi-tone signal is developed for extracting the sampling frequency-coupling admittances (SFCAs) of train converter. By injecting a series of linearly independent wideband excitation signals, the SFCAs of train are obtained simultaneously without affecting the network impedance. Considering the frequency distribution of wideband signal, an alternating injection method based on multi-tone signal is proposed. It aims at eliminating the overlapping effects of various frequency relationships on the target coupling harmonics in the 4QC control system. With unknown network impedance, the SFCAs of train covering all the desired frequencies, even several times sampling frequency, can be captured by the proposed wideband measurement approach. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system for validating the measurement results.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 942-960
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2123861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2123861
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:942-960
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# input file: TJRT_A_2129493_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Zhihai Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhihai
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Hong Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Hong
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Yajie Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Yajie
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Tiancheng Gan
Author-X-Name-First: Tiancheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Gan
Author-Name: Mahantesh M Nadakatti
Author-X-Name-First: Mahantesh M
Author-X-Name-Last: Nadakatti
Author-Name: Hufei
Author-X-Name-First:
Author-X-Name-Last: Hufei
Title: Macro–meso mechanical properties of ballast bed during three-sleeper tamping operation
Abstract:
The tamping operation is an effective means to quickly restore the status of the lines. The purpose is to explore the three-sleeper tamping operation mechanism maintenance. First, a model of the interaction between tamping picks and ballast particles was proposed. Then, the model of three-sleeper tamping operation was established by discrete element method (DEM) and multibody dynamics (MBD) coupling approach. Finally, the macro–meso properties of ballast particles was analysed. The results indicate that the tamping operation can considerably reduce the compactness of the ballast bed in the bottom of the sleeper and the crib area and also disturb the ballast shoulder area. In the penetration stage, there is a critical position of normal contact force of ballast particles. Moreover, the ballast at the bottom of the sleeper can move to either side of the sleeper during the rotation stage of the retracting, which is not conducive to the compaction.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 886-911
Issue: 6
Volume: 11
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2129493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2129493
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:886-911
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2152888_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Boyang An
Author-X-Name-First: Boyang
Author-X-Name-Last: An
Author-Name: Ping Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: A novel local ellipse method for ellipse-based tangential contact model applied to wheel-rail contact
Abstract:
In order to simplify wheel-rail rolling contact for engineering computation, it usually applies an ellipse-based tangential contact model to non-elliptical contact patch. This paper proposes a novel local ellipse method to reach this transition due to contact stiffness difference in elliptic and non-elliptical contact. The method is similar to STRIPES that regards the contact patch as some strips along the rolling direction and locating at the center of their respective virtual ellipses. However, it provides an alternative way for the determination of the local virtual ellipse using elliptic integral, normal contact pressure and longitudinal contact boundary. One novel aspect is the lateral curvature at each strip is solely determined and needs no additional modification. This method is combined with FaStrip and evaluated by CONTACT. It thus provides an efficient pre-process of simplified tangential contact model to be applied to non-elliptical contact in vehicle-track dynamics modelling and wheel-rail damage prediction.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 180-199
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2152888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2152888
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:180-199
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2143918_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Wenxin Li
Author-X-Name-First: Wenxin
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Qingwei Zhong
Author-X-Name-First: Qingwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong
Author-Name: Qiyuan Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Qiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Jing Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Chao Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Title: Metro train delay-recovery strategy considering passenger waiting time and energy consumption: a real-world case study
Abstract:
Based on actual delay-recovery strategies (ADRS) on site only considers reducing the delays and ignores the operation cost of the enterprise. This study proposes optimized delay-recovery strategies (ODRS) to reduce the impact of delay on passengers and increase energy efficiency simultaneously. A bi-objective optimization model is used to deal with different initial delay scenarios and minimize the additional waiting time of passengers (AWTP) and total energy consumption (TEC). In the solving process, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is used to solve the models, which can get the effective Pareto frontier solutions. Finally, Chengdu Metro is taken as the numerical experiments to verify the performance of the models. The results show that the ODRS can effectively reduce the AWTP and TEC than the ADRS. Furthermore, with the increase of initial delay time, the optimization effect of ODRS will be more obvious.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 76-101
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2143918
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2143918
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:76-101
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# input file: TJRT_A_2129492_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Jiangwen Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiangwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Guiming Mei
Author-X-Name-First: Guiming
Author-X-Name-Last: Mei
Author-Name: Liantao Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Liantao
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: An improved full Fourier series method approaching the stitched catenary in high-speed railway
Abstract:
The railway catenary is the typical tensioned beam structure arranged along the railway lines, supplying power to the moving high-speed trains. The accurate static form-finding and dynamic behaviour prediction of the structure are the fundamental problems. An improved full Fourier series (IFFS) method is proposed to describe the mechanical behaviour of the stitched catenary. Different from the conventional Fourier series method, both the sin and cos series are adopted, and the proportional and constant terms are added. The initialization process and the static characteristics of the stitched catenary are given and compared to the finite element method (FEM). The effects of the expanding orders are discussed, considering the calculation efficiency and accuracy. The differences caused by the stitch wire are analysed, consisting of the static state and the dynamic performance in pantograph–catenary interaction, supporting the structural design of the high-speed railway catenary.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 153-179
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2129492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2129492
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:153-179
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# input file: TJRT_A_2133783_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: R. Silva
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva
Author-Name: D. Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro
Author-Name: C. Costa
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Author-Name: A. Arêde
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Arêde
Author-Name: R. Calçada
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Calçada
Title: Experimental validation of a non-linear train-track-bridge dynamic model of a stone arch railway bridge under freight traffic
Abstract:
This article presents the validation of a non-linear FE numerical model of a multi-span stone arch railway bridge based on experimental tests and under in-service freight trains. Static loading tests allow evaluating the bridge response in terms of vertical displacements in the arches, opening/closure deformations on specific block joints of the arches, and vertical compressive stress variations in the piers. The bridge FE model is developed by combining the potentialities of a global continuous homogeneous model, based on FEM and Drucker-Prager model, and a local modelling approach based on a dedicated non-linear contact model. The freight vehicle modelling is based on a flexible FE approach, and the validation of the dynamic behaviour of the train-bridge system involved the comparison between numerical and experimental responses. All the numerical responses are in very good agreement with the experimental responses. Finally, a simulation of the dynamic behaviour of the train-bridge system is performed for realistic scenarios of freight traffic considering speeds between 40 and 140 km/h.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 102-133
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2133783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2133783
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:102-133
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# input file: TJRT_A_2140713_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Pawel Burdziakowski
Author-X-Name-First: Pawel
Author-X-Name-Last: Burdziakowski
Author-Name: Cezary Specht
Author-X-Name-First: Cezary
Author-X-Name-Last: Specht
Author-Name: Andrzej Stateczny
Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej
Author-X-Name-Last: Stateczny
Author-Name: Mariusz Specht
Author-X-Name-First: Mariusz
Author-X-Name-Last: Specht
Author-Name: Pawel S. Dabrowski
Author-X-Name-First: Pawel S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabrowski
Author-Name: Oktawia Lewicka
Author-X-Name-First: Oktawia
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewicka
Title: Framework for extracting rails and setting-out railway line axis based on UAV photogrammetric measurements
Abstract:
Technical diagnostics enables assessing the current technical condition of a railway line and adjacent infrastructure, and forecasting its changes over a specific time horizon. One of its elements is the periodic monitoring of rail position and their geometry. This article presents a new framework for the setting-out of a railway track axis. The process presented in the manuscript is based on the specific filtration and extraction of rails from a point cloud originating from the photogrammetric process. Data was acquired using a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A railway track axis setting-out using the process described herein was related to dynamic satellite track measurement. An average accuracy achieved in the horizontal plane is 1.6 cm which corresponds to the accuracy of the source photogrammetric product. The achieved accuracy enables using this method to be suitable for technical track monitoring, geoinformation, and cartographic work.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 200-216
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2140713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2140713
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:200-216
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# input file: TJRT_A_2131641_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Xiao Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Nan Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Nan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Qikai Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Qikai
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Zhaozhi Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhaozhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Experimental and numerical study on vibration and structure-borne noise of composite box-girder railway bridges
Abstract:
This paper adopts a proficient approach to evaluate vibration and structure-borne noise and makes up for the steel-concrete composite (SCC) box girder vacancy in the SCC structure. First, the dynamic equation of the train-rail system is established, the pseudo-response of the system in the frequency domain is appropriately assessed by pseudo excitation method (PEM), and the frequency spectra of the wheel-rail force as well as the forces transmitted to the bridge are obtained. Next, applying the force to the finite element method (FEM), boundary element method (BEM), and statistical energy analysis (SEA) model. The vibration and structure-borne noise of the SCC box girder are calculated in the frequency domain. Then, the effectiveness of the method and model is verified through the comparison of the field experimental results. Finally, the effect of the ground reflection in the SEA model is considered using the sound ray-tracing method for the first time.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 134-152
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2131641
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2131641
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:134-152
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# input file: TJRT_A_2136276_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: I. Mendia-Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendia-Garcia
Author-Name: N. Gil-Negrete
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gil-Negrete
Author-Name: F.J. Nieto
Author-X-Name-First: F.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieto
Author-Name: A. Facchinetti
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Facchinetti
Author-Name: S. Bruni
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruni
Title: Analysis of the axial and transversal stiffness of an air spring suspension of a railway vehicle: mathematical modelling and experiments
Abstract:
The secondary suspension of railway vehicles is fundamental for their dynamic behaviour. This paper outlines a model-based procedure for predicting and evaluating the influence of different parameters in the static stiffness and vibration transmission of an air spring employed in the secondary suspension system of a railway vehicle. For that aim, a detailed and experimentally validated finite element model of the air spring is defined. It includes the behaviour of the reinforced elastomer, the inner pressure-deformation coupling and the thermodynamic interactions taking place inside the bellow. A Computer Aided Design of Experiments is employed to evaluate the influence of seven construction parameters of the bellow. Experimental tests and simulation results show that the air spring has natural frequencies below 100 Hz, in the frequency range where structure-borne vibration transmission occurs. The cord angle modifies the axial-transversal stiffness relation and a larger separation between adjacent layers and fibres delay the vibration transmissibility.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 56-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2136276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2136276
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:56-75
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# input file: TJRT_A_2156402_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Zili Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zili
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Shaoguang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Shaoguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Pan Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Pan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Alfredo Núñez
Author-X-Name-First: Alfredo
Author-X-Name-Last: Núñez
Author-Name: Rolf Dollevoet
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Dollevoet
Title: Mechanism of short pitch rail corrugation: initial excitation and frequency selection for consistent initiation and growth
Abstract:
This paper proposes a new hypothesis for the formation process of short pitch rail corrugation. An FE wheel-track dynamic model is utilized to verify the hypothesis by reproducing corrugation initiation and consistent growth. It is found longitudinal compression modes are responsible for corrugation initiation with necessary initial excitation that allows flexibility for longitudinal vibration. Consistency between longitudinal compression and vertical bending eigenfrequencies of the wheel-track system is required for consistent corrugation growth, which also determines maximum corrugation amplitude. Corrugation initiates by frequency selection instead of wavelength fixing. The proposed mechanism can explain field observations including the wavelength and periodicity of corrugation in the Netherlands, why corrugation forms on continuously-supported tracks where pinned-pinned resonance does not exist, and the small variation between the corrugation wavelength and train speed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 1-36
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2156402
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2156402
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:1-36
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# input file: TJRT_A_2139771_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Peng Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Peng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Chenxi Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Chenxi
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Author-Name: Xiaoxuan Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoxuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Gongquan Tao
Author-X-Name-First: Gongquan
Author-X-Name-Last: Tao
Author-Name: Zefeng Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Zefeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Title: Wheel wear and rolling contact fatigue evolution under interaction of abrasive block and wheel–rail contact: results from field test
Abstract:
Wheel transverse wear, irregular wear along the circumference (out-of-roundness), and rolling contact fatigue (RCF) are inevitable problems in the railway industry. One effective countermeasure to solve these problems is to apply a tread abrasive block (tread trimmer) that has the function of cleaning and repairing the wheel treads. In this study, to investigate the effect of abrasive blocks on wheel wear and RCF, five working modes of the abrasive block were designed for an urban express train operating on an urban express line in China. The wheel profiles, wheel out-of-roundness, and abrasive block profiles of the urban express train were monitored. The results show that the low-pressure and intermittent modes of the abrasive block can suppress wheel polygonal wear, eliminate hollow wear with acceptable tread wear, maintain equivalent conicity at a good level, reduce the wear of the abrasive block itself, and remove RCF cracks.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 37-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2139771
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2139771
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:37-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2164371_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: F. Liu
Author-X-Name-First: F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Y. Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: L.X. Li
Author-X-Name-First: L.X.
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: J. Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Title: Random vibration analysis of an uncertain vehicle-track coupled system based on a polynomial dimensional decomposition
Abstract:
In this paper, the uncertainty propagation of an uncertain vehicle-track coupled system (VTCS) subjected to track irregularity is quantified using a polynomial-dimensional decomposition (PDD). Firstly, the conditional power spectral density (PSD) of response related to uncertain parameters is derived using the pseudo-excitation method. Secondly, the PDD surrogate model that can describe the probabilistic characters of the uncertainty propagation is established by conducting the dimensional decomposition to the conditional PSD with component functions and performing the Fourier expansion to the component functions. Finally, the dimensional reduction integration and Gauss integration are introduced to overcome the difficulty of high-dimensional integration when calculating the expansion coefficients. In numerical example, the proposed method is applied to the uncertainty quantification of vertical vibration response of an uncertain VTCS, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by comparing the results of the PDD method with that of Monte-Carlo simulation.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 233-252
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2164371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2164371
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:233-252
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2164370_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Zhangyue Qin
Author-X-Name-First: Zhangyue
Author-X-Name-Last: Qin
Author-Name: Yong Zeng
Author-X-Name-First: Yong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zeng
Author-Name: Chao Su
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Su
Author-Name: Mengxue Yi
Author-X-Name-First: Mengxue
Author-X-Name-Last: Yi
Author-Name: Xinlu Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Xinlu
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Author-Name: Pingdi Ren
Author-X-Name-First: Pingdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren
Title: Fretting wear characteristics of 60Si2MnA steel for high-speed railway rail fastener clips
Abstract:
The fretting wear of rail fastener clips caused by wheel and rail vibrations can diminish their mechanical properties, negatively impacting high-speed train operation. However, the fretting wear characteristics of fastener clips are not yet known. In this work, the value range of the two key parameters of normal load and displacement amplitude of the fretting wear tests is determined by the multi-scale finite element analysis. Fretting wear tests are carried out systematically, and the fretting wear running characteristics and wear mechanism of the 60Si2MnA steel clip under normal service conditions are obtained. The results show that the clip has two fretting wear running regimes, the mixed fretting regime (MFR) and the gross slip regime (GSR). The wear mechanism in MFR is mainly characterized by abrasive wear, adhesive wear and oxidative wear. The wear mechanism in GSR is mainly characterized by abrasive wear, adhesive wear, oxidative wear, and fatigue wear.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 327-345
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2164370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2164370
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:327-345
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# input file: TJRT_A_2165183_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Zhiqiang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiqiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Meiwei Jia
Author-X-Name-First: Meiwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Jia
Author-Name: Guangcai Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Guangcai
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Hanjiang Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Hanjiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Yichao Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Yichao
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Improved design and performance analysis of vibration damping device for railway freight bogie
Abstract:
At present, the variable friction damped bogie is widely used in railway freight transportation. Although it has good running performance and high warp stiffness, the bogie structure is complex, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high. In this study, a new variable friction wedge damper is proposed. Its structure is simple, and it can provide good warp stiffness. The bogie with the improved damping device has the characteristics of a variable and constant friction damped bogie. The relative friction coefficient of vibration damping performance is analysed and tested. Finally, the influence of wedge width on vehicle dynamic performance, including warp stiffness, critical velocity, line, and curve passing performance of the improved bogie are analysed.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 368-389
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2165183
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2165183
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:368-389
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2170286_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Hongwei Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Hongwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Author-Name: Qiang Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Qiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Tengfei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Tengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Liangwei Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Liangwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: David P. Connolly
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly
Title: Stochastic analysis of dynamic stress amplification factors for slab track foundations
Abstract:
The relationship between railway track-bed stresses and speed is essential when performing track foundation design. Current approaches to describe this relationship are typically empirical and multiply the static track response by a dynamic amplification factor to account for speed effects. This paper develops an alternative method for dynamic amplification factor generation instead of numerical simulation. A vehicle–track dynamics model is presented, capable of simulating the subgrade dynamics considering random track irregularities. First, samples of irregularity are generated based on a mean vertical track profile power spectral density. A range of train speeds and track-spectrum cumulative probabilities are computed using the numerical model before analyzing the resultant surface stresses. The resulting dynamic amplification factors follow a Gumbel distribution. Data normalization is performed before developing a bespoke dynamic amplification function. Based on speed, track-spectrum cumulative probability, and p-values, the proposed model yields dynamic amplification predictions within 5% of the simulated values.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 281-303
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2170286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2170286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:281-303
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2154285_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Shuguang Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Shuguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Author-Name: Lingxiang Kong
Author-X-Name-First: Lingxiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Kong
Author-Name: Xianliang Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Xianliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Ping Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: Effect of seat direction on sitting occupant injury risk and improving strategy in the commuter train frontal crash
Abstract:
This study aims to analyse the dynamic response of occupant posture during the frontal collision of commuter train. Six occupants with different postures seating in three types of seats were introduced to compare their injuries. The results show that the injury values of the occupant in the forward-facing seat and at the rear end of the side-facing seat were beyond the requirements of GM/RT2100. As a result, the forward-facing seat was recommended to be designed as rotated seat, rotatable seat with headrest, or install two-point and three-point seat belt. And then handrail and partition were recommended to be installed in the side-facing seat. It can be found that the proposed strategies such as rotatable seat without headrest, three-point seat belt, and handrail with suitable height were effective to improve occupant safety. The findings are expected to provide recommendations for seat direction in commuter train to improve occupant safety during frontal collision event.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 346-367
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2022.2154285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2022.2154285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:346-367
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2170285_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: H. G. S. Mayuranga
Author-X-Name-First: H. G. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayuranga
Author-Name: S. K. Navaratnarajah
Author-X-Name-First: S. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Navaratnarajah
Author-Name: C. S. Bandara
Author-X-Name-First: C. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bandara
Author-Name: J. A. S. C. Jayasinghe
Author-X-Name-First: J. A. S. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jayasinghe
Title: Elastic inclusions in ballasted tracks – a review and recommendations
Abstract:
Ballasted tracks are being overstressed as the demand for faster and heavier trains grows, resulting in excessive deterioration, frequent maintenance, and increased life-cycle cost of the track. Therefore, advancements in track constructions, such as elastic inclusions, to improve track performance and minimize maintenance frequency while enhancing safety are imperative. This paper explores a critical review of various types of elastic inclusions used in ballasted tracks. Individual performances of popular types of elastic inclusions such as energy-absorbing rubber mats, tyre derived aggregates, waste rubber tyres, and polyurethane-based inclusions were identified from the literature, and recommendations for their use depending on field requirements were proposed. Many studies have confirmed the contribution of energy-absorbing rubber mats in improving the performance of both substructure and superstructure of the track, but further investigations are required for other types of elastic inclusions, mainly in terms of their impact on track superstructure behaviour.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 253-280
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2170285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2170285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:253-280
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2169963_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Qing Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Xiaohua Ge
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaohua
Author-X-Name-Last: Ge
Author-Name: Shengyang Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Shengyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Colin Cole
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cole
Author-Name: Maksym Spiryagin
Author-X-Name-First: Maksym
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiryagin
Title: Physical coupling and decoupling of railway trains at cruising speeds: train control and dynamics
Abstract:
This paper studied an emerging technology called Dynamic Coupling that to allow physical coupling and decoupling of railway trains at cruising speeds. A train controller and a train model were introduced and simulated using Parallel Computing. Two transitional gap references were designed (hyperbolic tangent and exponential). Two six-vehicle passenger trains coupling and decoupling on a revised real-world track section at 80 km/h were simulated. Results indicated that a certain negative (e.g. -5 mm) Reference Gap at Coupling Instant (RG@CI) and a positive (e.g. 2 mm) Reference Gap at Decoupling Instant (RG@DI) were recommended to ensure a quick coupling process and to avoid decoupling impacts. Comparatively, the exponential case was better to reduce infrastructure upgrade requirements and to achieve better comfort. The simulated train movements well matched the designed gap references; Dynamic Coupling was possible in terms of train dynamics in the simulated cases.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 217-232
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2169963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2169963
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:217-232
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# input file: TJRT_A_2165182_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Minggao Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Minggao
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Jun Mao
Author-X-Name-First: Jun
Author-X-Name-Last: Mao
Author-Name: Yanhong Xi
Author-X-Name-First: Yanhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Xi
Title: Aerodynamic effect analysis of high-speed train entering and leaving single and double track tunnels under crosswind
Abstract:
The aerodynamic effects of high-speed train running in and out of single-hole single-track and single-hole double-track tunnels and across bridges and tunnels under crosswind are studied by means of train moving model experiment and numerical simulation. The pressure fluctuation amplitude of the train entering and exiting the single-track tunnel is larger than that of the train entering and exiting the double-track tunnel under the crosswind, and the maximum amplitude can reach 2824 Pa. When the train enters or exits the single-track tunnel, the aerodynamic force of the leading carriage is less than that of the double-track tunnel except the yawing moment. Except for the yawing moment, the aerodynamic force of the tail carriage in single-track is greater than that of the double-track tunnel at the stage of the train leaving the tunnel; when the train enters the single-track tunnel, the aerodynamic force is less than that of the double-track tunnel.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 304-326
Issue: 2
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2165182
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2165182
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:2:p:304-326
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# input file: TJRT_A_2192727_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fengzhuang Tong
Author-X-Name-First: Fengzhuang
Author-X-Name-Last: Tong
Author-Name: Liang Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Bowen Hou
Author-X-Name-First: Bowen
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou
Author-Name: Shuaijie Miao
Author-X-Name-First: Shuaijie
Author-X-Name-Last: Miao
Author-Name: Xiaopei Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaopei
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Tao Xin
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Xin
Title: Influence of differential deterioration of random track irregularity at different wavelengths on high-speed train safety
Abstract:
To reveal the influence of differential deterioration of random irregularity at different wavelengths on train safety. Based on the vehicle-track coupling dynamics and the optimized wavelet theory, irregularity samples of typical wavelengths with different deterioration degrees are reconstructed, Henceforth, the postures of the vehicle during the whole derailment process is simulated, during which the derailment risks are revealed. The research shows that the wavelength range of most potential threat to train safety is less than 1 m and greater than 32 m to speed-up line. Train derailment posture is sudden and the safety margin of Nadal criterion is appropriate when the wavelength of track irregularity is less than derailment posture mutation wavelength (DCMW). By contrast, when the wavelength is greater than DCMW, derailment posture is a gradual process, and the safety margin of Nadal criterion is too large. The results can provide theoretical guidance for the fine maintenance and safety monitoring of track geometric.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 532-554
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2192727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2192727
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:532-554
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# input file: TJRT_A_2201247_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Heinrich Foltz
Author-X-Name-First: Heinrich
Author-X-Name-Last: Foltz
Author-Name: Constantine Tarawneh
Author-X-Name-First: Constantine
Author-X-Name-Last: Tarawneh
Author-Name: Martin Amaro
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Amaro
Author-Name: Sebastian Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Author-Name: Danna Capitanachi Avila
Author-X-Name-First: Danna
Author-X-Name-Last: Capitanachi Avila
Title: Thermoelectric energy harvesting for wireless onboard rail condition monitoring
Abstract:
A thermoelectric energy harvesting device is evaluated to power a bearing health monitoring system. Unlike wayside equipment, the new system is an onboard wireless solution utilizing accelerometer and temperature sensors to assess the bearing condition continuously. The harvesting system consists of two thermoelectric generator modules with aluminium heat sinks, a switching boost converter, a battery management circuit, and a lithium rechargeable battery. The performance of the harvester is validated on an AAR class bearing mounted on a laboratory tester, with load and speed simulating common freight routes of up to 896 miles. The energy harvested varies with operating conditions, and data is presented showing the effect of load and speed. Over a realistic route, the net energy harvested is more than double that needed to indefinitely power a Bluetooth Low Energy sensor. The critical design parameters are the ratio of open-circuit voltage to the temperature difference for the thermoelectric module, and the cold start voltage of the boost converter.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 514-531
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2201247
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2201247
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:514-531
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# input file: TJRT_A_2181879_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Zhiwei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiwei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Liang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Zhiying Ren
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiying
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren
Author-Name: Jiliang Mo
Author-X-Name-First: Jiliang
Author-X-Name-Last: Mo
Author-Name: Linchuan Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Linchuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Kaiyun Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kaiyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Friction and vibration behaviours of high-speed train brake system excited by wheel flats
Abstract:
To study the interface friction and vibration behaviours of brake systems with wheel flat, a rigid-flexible vehicle dynamics model and a finite element model of brake system are developed. These two models are validated using experimental test data. Additionally, an analysis formula of brake system excited by wheel flat is proposed to reveal the tribological behaviours. The results indicate that the wheel flat directly induces the elastic vibration of brake disc and further affects the disc contact, resulting in a significant increase in the contact force, contact stress, friction force and vibration acceleration between the brake interfaces. Furthermore, the proposed model can be used to investigate the related tribological behaviour of brake systems under other complex wheel-rail excitations.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 458-475
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2181879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2181879
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:458-475
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# input file: TJRT_A_2181877_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Zhichao Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhichao
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Qian Su
Author-X-Name-First: Qian
Author-X-Name-Last: Su
Author-Name: Junjie Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Junjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Xuzhen He
Author-X-Name-First: Xuzhen
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Yanfei Pei
Author-X-Name-First: Yanfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Pei
Author-Name: Chen Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Chen
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Field assessment of a subgrade-culvert transition zone constructed with foamed concrete in the ballasted railway
Abstract:
The subgrade-frame culvert transition section of a railway has been designed as an inverse trapezoidal shaped and filled with foamed concrete. Monitoring tests have been carried out to explore the performance of this structure, including long-term base settlement and base stress monitoring and dynamic response parameters monitoring. Based on the testing data, the distribution laws of the base stress and base settlement along the longitude direction of the transition section subgrade have been obtained. Distributions of the acceleration, dynamic displacement, and dynamic stress along the subgrade depth and along the longitude direction of the subgrade have been analysed respectively, and the attenuation coefficients of these three kinds of dynamic response parameters have been calculated. Also the relationship between the thickness of the foamed concrete layer and the dynamic response parameters has been explored. These demonstrated that the foamed concrete can improve the dynamic performance of the structure.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 391-413
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2181877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2181877
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:391-413
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# input file: TJRT_A_2181237_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: K. Kritikakos
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kritikakos
Author-Name: S.D. Fassois
Author-X-Name-First: S.D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fassois
Author-Name: J.S. Sakellariou
Author-X-Name-First: J.S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sakellariou
Title: Robust early detection of hunting on railway vehicles: single-sensor based methods and critical comparisons
Abstract:
The problem of robust and early detection of railway hunting is considered and two single-sensor ‘dynamics-based’ methods employing adaptive Recursive AutoRegressive (RAR) modelling of the car-body lateral random vibration signal are postulated. The first is based on a Degree-of-Stochasticity (DS) measure of the vibration signal and the second on the minimum underlying Damping Ratio (DR). Fully automated tuning for both methods is achieved via Bayesian optimization. The performance of the methods is systematically assessed via high numbers of Monte Carlo simulations under various Scenarios employing a high-fidelity SIMPACK-based vehicle model and three performance criteria: the True Positive Rate (TPR), the False Positive Rate (FPR), and the Detection Delay Time (DDT) with respect to conventional hunting initiation. The results reveal very good performance and robustness to suspension faults and worn track conditions for both methods, with the DR-based exhibiting an edge. Its performance and achievable robustness are also shown to be clearly superior to those of three alternative methods.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 437-457
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2181237
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2181237
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:437-457
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# input file: TJRT_A_2189632_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Qi Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Qi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Sheng Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Sheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Jiayu Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Jiayu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Dynamic stray current evaluation model of metro system considering reversible DC traction power system
Abstract:
Stray current of DC metro system will accelerate metal corrosion. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate it. With the application of inverter feedback devices in recent years, stray current is more complex due to the DC traction power system is reversible. To evaluate stray current more accurately, the dynamic evaluation model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, traction power substation (TPS) is equivalent to controlled source, considering the diverse operating characteristics. Based on this, the dynamic evaluation model is built with multiple trains running and TPSs operation. Then, considering the nonlinear and multivalued function characteristics of TPS, the solution method is proposed. The problem of slow convergence or even non-convergence in the stray current solving process of the metro system considering reversible DC traction power system is solved. The model is validated by the field test data. Finally, the model is used to obtain dynamic stray current. Result shows that stray current level tends to be higher as traction trains and braking trains run separately and concentratedly in different areas of the line.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 492-513
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2189632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2189632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:492-513
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# input file: TJRT_A_2185694_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Chao Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Ning Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Ning
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Wenjing Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Wenjing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Wen Li
Author-X-Name-First: Wen
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Zunsong Ren
Author-X-Name-First: Zunsong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren
Title: Self-steering performance of a new bogie with four independently rotating wheels using caster angle
Abstract:
An idea is proposed to recover the self-steering ability of the bogie composed of independently rotating wheels using caster angles. The stability of the dynamic system is analysed via eigenvalues. The guiding performance of the new bogie is studied on straight and curved tracks. A scale testing is carried out to validate the hunting phenomenon. The results show that the dynamic system of the new bogie is asymptotically stable. The new bogie with caster angles can dynamically correct the direction and automatically go back to the track centerline. The exponentially damped hunting motion is observed for the new bogie with four independent wheels. The bogie possesses the self-centring ability on straight tracks. The angle of attack of the left front wheel obviously decreases with the decreasing anti-yaw stiffness on circular curves. Finally, the hunting phenomenon of the new bogie is verified by the scaled prototype test.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 476-491
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2185694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2185694
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:476-491
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: TJRT_A_2194304_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Xuekai Ge
Author-X-Name-First: Xuekai
Author-X-Name-Last: Ge
Author-Name: Chaozhe Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Chaozhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Yong Qin
Author-X-Name-First: Yong
Author-X-Name-Last: Qin
Author-Name: Ping Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Ping
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Modelling the cascading effects of train delay patterns and inter-train control actions with Bayesian networks
Abstract:
Based on train operation data, Bayesian networks (BN) are used to model the cascading effects of traffic control actions and their influences (such as changes in train delays) for two and three consecutive trains. Influence factors are first determined to describe the interactions between train delays and control actions, i.e. the delay changes due to control actions over time and space. Considering the interdependence of these factors, their causal relationships are obtained, and the BN model’s connection paradigm is determined based on these causal ties. The BN structures are then proposed by combining domain knowledge and a data-driven method. The proposed models are tested on the train operation data from the Chinese high-speed railways. The results show that the proposed method exhibits a good fit for the train operation data and outperforms other conventional train operation models in terms of various evaluation metrics. Besides, the strength of train control actions’ cascading effects is investigated. It shows that section train control actions are stronger than those in stations, and both are considerably correlated with train delays and recovery times in sections and stations. Finally, a macroscopic model for control actions between several trains (more than three) is obtained based on the learned paradigm of the presented models and the cascading effects between two and three trains, demonstrating the model’s extensibility. The proposed models are intended to support traffic controllers with the estimation of future train delay change patterns, the expected control actions, and the cascading effects of control actions, and they are imperative for aiding the decision-making of controllers to manage high-speed railway traffic.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 555-580
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2194304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2194304
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:555-580
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# input file: TJRT_A_2180677_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ziquan Yan
Author-X-Name-First: Ziquan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yan
Author-Name: Jin Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Jin
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Dengke Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Dengke
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Junheng Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Junheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Linlin Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Linlin
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Title: Experimental and numerical analysis of the static‒dynamic characteristics and vibration fatigue failure mechanism of railway fastening clips
Abstract:
To study the static‒dynamic characteristics and vibration fatigue failure mechanism of railway fastening clips, the modal characteristics of the clip in free and installed states are obtained via field experiments, and a refined finite element model of the fastening system is established and verified. Then, static‒dynamic analysis and frequency response analysis are carried out based on the numerical model, and the effects of the system excitation with varied amplitudes and frequencies on the vibration fatigue life of the clip and the distribution characteristics of clip fatigue damage peril points (CFDPPs) are investigated. Eventually, method of dividing the clip vibration fatigue sensitive frequency range (CVFSFR) is proposed. The results show that the fatigue life of the clip is significantly affected by resonance, and the resonance at the 2nd-order natural frequency caused by high-frequency excitation is an important reason for the fatigue failure of the fastening clip.
Journal: International Journal of Rail Transportation
Pages: 414-436
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/23248378.2023.2180677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/23248378.2023.2180677
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Handle: RePEc:taf:tjrtxx:v:12:y:2024:i:3:p:414-436